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IJCCM CTOpOHaM E(I43IIlt.
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rqug ErlrsHr, q 6r,rr nro4ei.i lrpgilre/tut{x
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pfirrocr(oMy 1+raHpy. B.OyplrHon, l'[. Peunu, B. Cepon o6pa-
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o6paa Pocclln.
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6op16u. Il Kaprt{rr0 tl. tr4orancoua (Aorpoc KoMMyHI4croB) AaH
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8
Cosercxnii 6ara;rrnurli E(aHp pacHpbltsaer larpiloruqocK14ii Ayx
rpalr{AaHcKorl lr Be.nlrHoii OrcqectBeIIHoii noi.in, Horl1a Bocb rrapoA
6oporcr aa cBo6oAy r.rHeBaBrcuMocrb cBoefi Po11r.rnl,r.llepur,ru coBer-
cKuM xyAolnHr{KoM-6araJrncroM 6sr"rrM. l'pexou.
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xyAo?nHr4KoBBcex enox. B HacreHHbrx pocilr4cflx /{pcnrrcro Enurrra,
Ha rpearecftrlx Ba3ax, Ha rroJloTrrax roJrJraH[cKr{x Macrel)oR, HaprrrHax
pyccKrrx xyAo?r{HrrKoe XIX nena lrao6pa}rreHa iloBc(}/{HoBilarr ?}U,r3rrl,
nto4ofr Bo BceM nnoroo6paar{u ee r{rJJrer{uii,ncr.lroucuccnr{xxapar(TepoB
U OTHOIIEHI{II.
B pyccnoru rrcryccrBe XIX BeHa 6t,rroBoii lHarrp lrpr{o6peJl
coquaJlr,Hyrc saocTpeHHocrb. 9ro cBoiicrBeHrlo IlpoIlsBe^oHr.rqMI [. (Dc-
AoroBa, f!. llopona, 14 . Pcnnna.
B cosercnoM ucnyccrBe 6r,lrosoii )r{alrp xapafirepl.t]yr{)r 6tr.lrr,rnaq
rxnpora r.r pa3HocToporilrdcrb. B rtpor43uO/l0lrrrr{x A. [eiirrenu,
A. Iflacrona, T. fl6.rroncroii oro6pa)fieHa )r{r{Brrr,co}}orcunx .rrm4cii,
HanoJIHeHIIar{ paAocTbI0 cosIrAaHr4fl.
qerosex Bcer4a 6r,rn ocnosHbrM o6tonrou uao6paxeHufl. Ero Mbr
BCTpeqaeMnoqTrr Bo Bcox ?fiaHpax. Ho ToJrtrKorlopTpernufi
rfi a H p craBlrr cBoeft ocHonrroii aa4aueii nepe4auy Buerrrnero 14unyr-
peHHero ()6JlI{Ha qeJroBeKa. floprper
lrOxroT nao6pa}Itarl, oAHoto
rroroBeHa r,tJr1rfpynny .nro4oii.
Xy4olHtt IlHu ncex alrox coaAaJrr,rrropr l)or r,r, pacxp blBarcn\r.ro xa pilx
repr,I r{ BHyrpeHHrrii Mnp nx coupoMolrlrtrKou. Pyccrrufi lloprpcr
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HoJrerrur,rro MacropcrBy rroprperlr xyAolrtulrrrou XV[lI scna: (D. Po-
Kororra, /{. Jlerurqxoro, Il. IiopounHoncmoro. Cn"rry yMa, cocpo/Ioro-
qeHHocrb MttcJln pvccxtfx yqoul,rx, aprtacrots, llrcatt'.ttt'ii, q(]JroBe-
iecHyrr Kpacory [pocrbrx ;rru4oii ronai]aJln B c',BonxJtyqllrrlx rroprpe-
rax tr{. ltpauotoii, 14 . PelnH, B. Ccpon.
Cosercrue xyAo?nHr{Kx BIrccJm rroBoe coAol)}r(arr{o l} noprporrroe
I4CKyCCTBO,OTpaTI{arcUIeCCyrqOCTBeHHbreqepTbr qeJloBeKa- cTponTe-
Jlfl xoMMyHr{crlrqecHoro o6illoortsa. B pa6orax I'. PnmcKoro (IIeJre-
rarxa), <flpe4ce4areJrbr{nqa)) ;1aH o6o6rqeHnbrii o6paa uouol'o trorro-
BcKa. Mnornu
iloprperaM coBeTcKr,rx xy/IoTrtHl{KoB csorlicrnenlla
repor4Ka, MoTIyMcHTaJILHOCTb.
TaXOsl,r, lrallp;Mep, lrop'rpeThr ooBeT-
cnrlx xyAolnHr{ltoB A. lepacuuoBa, fI. Ft<lpnna.
Xy4oxnnnlr Bcero Mrrpa ctl cuoiicrRoHHoii HarttlloMy Matlt'[)oii
rr3o6palr{eHr{fl crpeMr,IJIncb tropoAarL Ha xoJlcro I}cL) MIIOI'oo6pallt'le
[plrpollbr, cBoK) Jrn6oRr, K Hefi. [IeiiaarHncT paccKasHBaor o :JHaHo-
Mbrx rIaM r4 MHOrlOpa3 Br4IlcHHl,IXJIeCaX, pofiax, IIOJIUX,IIO ts]IOo[tT
cBoe oTllonleHue, cBOe BnAeHr.re,cosAaeT roDTr{qocrt'rii o6pa:r lrpflpoArn.
14. Jfcnuran, [4. Illnnrrun, B. Cepoe, l{. Koponnu -- ror]rlbr pyccmoii
trpr{poAbr. Onr rucc.rrut B c]BolI rr e ii lr a Et r{ 6oJrr,uroo qoJroBoqocKOe
coA0pTr{arrne,lor(a3aJrr,rnplrpo[y RaK lroToqHnH rlpoHpacrlor() R ]r{u3rrr{
lI0JIOtseKa.
B Honqe XIX - Harraro XX ucHa BoBHrln uosr,rii rfirr uciiuarna -
uHAycrpr,rarbHrrfi.
Oco6oe coAeplfiaHuooH nolytrr{r u coBer-

cKoM[rcHyocTBe:STocotspeMeHHbreMocTSI14lt-o^pa6Jl}tBrrei'3a}Kax
f. Huccnoro, crpoflI{aflcl crpaua B Kaprl{Hax IO' IllrMeuosa'
cnoeo6paanr,rM }+(aHpoM 1l{r.rBorrr{cl,IflBJIfleTCfl H aT IOp MO pT -
uao6pairenr.le [peAMeroo o6raxo4a, onou1efi, {pyHron,
qBeroB' B on-
I{oMIlpoIlsBeAoHI{llxyAo}ItHI{KcoeAI,IHfleTIIecKoJIr'KoIIpcAMeToB'
pyKOBoAcTByflcL CMLICJIOBL'IMCOAepE(aIII{eM' a TaK}Ke CoqeTaHIIcM
q"otu, {opuu, Qantypu rnaHeft' aaa, QpyxroB I{ np'.
Ipa6una
rax)fie flBJIflercfl oAHIIM Il3 BI4AoB llao6paaureJlbHoro
,."Hyi"t"a.
F( rpa{r'ruecnnn'r IlponsBeAeHIrflM orHocflrcq: pI4cyHoK'
"orr-n"nt"otii
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B ocnose rpatpn'lccxoro flpoI'IaBe4elltlfl JIextllr plrcyHon' Cpe4cr-
BOM XyAOIKeCTBeHHOfo BL'rpa)I{eHI4fl n l'pa{lrxe
flBnflIOTCfl- Jt14Hl{E'
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t{cnJrroqaeT rrprrMeHeHxH rIBeTa. B nuttmsofr IIJIiIIOCTpaIII{II,B IIJIa-
HaTe, B pIrcyHHe xyAO[(Ht{K qacro l4clloJlbSyeT2-3 qneta' a I4IrOrAa
Ir BCe 6orarctso qseToBl,rx orrrotttonlrfi, trPtr lrasecTnoi'i o6o6rqeu-
Hocrrr o6paaa, 4nlttyelrofr ctreqlr(p!lqHocrbto AaHHoro BnAa ncnvccrBa'
fpaQr,rna BKJIIoqaer paBI{brcr tltlu nao6pa?r(enufl' Sto uory'r 6r'Irr
r"*, -,:itr"te
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JIeIlHI{efiepeAaruUllleJIlIIIlbcaMoer.JIaBHoe'TIIIII{qHOe'xapal(TepHoe'
a TaK)+(e 6o.lree eaHOHqeHHbrc r{ fipyllHble KOMIIOBIIIIIIII. XyAoxruuxu-
rpatpuHn HepeAHo TflrOTeK)Tr( saocTpeHI4IOTpaHToBKI{ flBJIeHI{q' rpo-
,b"*iy. Bcnounure 6oesoe r4c*yccTBo coBerc*oro il,'a*ara, coBAaH-
nun
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MatrxoscKuM r{ rrpoAoJr}IteHHOeApyTIIMI{ COBeTCKIIMI{XyAO}fi-
Hr.KaNllI:Kapl*rarypll *yqu^t,"*or
ltyHpirull*coB' IrJla^arrr '(' c' M. -
opa, JL (D. lo.nosaHoBa Il AP.
Bolturoe Mecro B rpaQnuecnoM llcnyccrlJo saHllMaer o + o p M J e-
rr n e K H lI r. Ro3unKrlrafl KaH yfipallleHIre HHI{rI4 r4SflIIIIlblMItMl{Htla-
TropaMtr, KllttlfiHafl rpa{rana^rrepepocJra B Halfle BpeMtI B caMocrofl-
reJruuii BtrA lrcfiyccrBa. ttstlrrnan I{JIJIrccrpaqnfl rpI{sBaIIa pac-
RpbrtsaTb B O6paSax SaMbtcJrbt rrncaTeJlfl. tr4.lr,rI0ctpaqnI4'
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B' @auopcHllu'
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oqeHb llHrepecHo I4 cBoeo6paaHo rpanrylor
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[o-IIOBoMy pacHpblBanr I4X CylrlHocrb'
oco6<le rr.rt,ctron Hsu?Itnofi rparplrHe saHI{Maer I{JIJIIOCrpaql4f K
It"r"*on KlIl{ro' C arr'rna B'IAOM I4cr(yccrBa pe6eHoK craJIKI4Baercfl
clfieAl{eBllo, llo:lToMy raK BaHeH nlrcoxnfr ypoBerlb XyAO}I{CCTBeHHOTO
OdODMfleHr4fl r{HItI AJIfl 4etefi . IzIaSeCrHLtCXyAO?+(HnKI{-!IJIJTIOCTpaTO-
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B' ftona'resraq, K)' BacHeqoe'
B. Jle6e4cu u i1P.
Cnynr,nrypa Aaer rpexMepHoe rrso6palnerllle lrpeAMera' Bupaal'1.-
TeJrbrrocTb xyAoltliecTBetnurn u6puru oIIpeAeJrfleTcfl ero n;racr"l'r'rt't'tioft
inpu*t"p".rtlHoii.
9au1e ncero rrpegrnleroM cKyJIbfirypltorof llao(rpa-
}I{eIIr,rfltIBJlflOTCflqeJtoBeK,peE(eE{LIBOTHbIC'HeoAyrueutenrl'r'teltp('A-
10
Merr,r. CKyJrblrrypy Molt(Ho cMorperb c paaHbrx cropoH, IroaroMy oqeHl
Ba?fiI{O[OCTaBrrrb ee B SAaHLII{ rlJIIl Ha OTnpbITOM BOSAyXe raH, U',ro6sr
xoponio BocrlpI4HI{MaJIcrI clrJlyer Qnrypu, ee xtecr, ABI4)fienl{e.
MonyltenrarbHafl,
craHfioBafl, cxyJlbrlrypa MaJILIx {optl - utJll,t
Hpyuoli cKyJIblryphl, Ka)r(Aafl rra r(oropblx BbIpaBI,IreJII'Hano-cBoeMy.
[Iapn4y c arI4M It cxyJlbilrype [plr]It{ro orHocllrl' Tan}fie pelletpn.
MonyM eHT aJI bH a,rr cKyJI brrTy pa - aro I]aMflTHI{Krrllo-
Jrr4r(r4MJIIOAtrM r4JII4I'ICTOpI{qeCKI{MCO6UtltRM, BeflUqecTBeHHr,Ie, CTpO-
tue v BbrpaalrreJlbHbre, aaxJrlouarcque s ce6e 6onr'ruyrc o6nleue;ttl-
BeqecKyro I{Aelo. flaurtnur
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tr4. MaprocoM, oJltr{IlerBopfler eAI4HeHI{e pyccxoro HapoAa n 6oprlitl
rrpornB r4rroBeMHLIxBaxBarq t{Kon. Ecrt raKxte cHyJrbrlTypHLIe rpyllIlLt,
He cBflSaHHbIe c ItolIKpeTHbIMI{ CO6rtTnflN{n I{JIII AeflTeJIflMlI, HO BI't-
pa?fiaruqrre onpeAeJIeHHyIo IrAero. Tax, HaIrpIrMep, B cHyJILtIrype
B. Myxlruofi <Pa6oqlrfi I,I KoJrxoBHIrqa> o6e (pnrypsr, B crpeMllrerll-
HoM ABrr)fieHI,II4BbIcoKo [oAHflRIrrIre cepfl rI MoJror - au6neuy coaer-
cnoro crpofl, oJIlruerBopflruT coqnaJll4crl{qecttoe rocyAapcrBo pa6o-
qux rr Kpecrbflrr. B neo6rr.rusrx ABaAqarrIMeTpoBbIx Qltrypax coBAaH
pearr4crl{qecHuft o6paa - cITMBoJI IroBoro qeJroBefia, IroJIHoro rcHoIi
fipacoTbr n yBepeHHocrlr B cBoeft npaBore.
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ro ancau6.n[.. Tanonrr, HaflpnMep, craryl4, ycraHoBJIeHHbIe B HltIIIax
apofi Ha craHqIIrI Merpo <11.Ilt[rlallr, peBOJIrcrll{140.Onryprr Biillror-
nflror aAeob He rolbno AexoparrlBrrr,tc Qynntlrall; oHI{ coaAalor <1606-
u1euur,rfi o6paa lo6egl4Blxeii p(tBoJItorlul{. Bertl'recrseHllbltl ancau6ttt,
cHyJrbITypHblx KoMllost{ql{fi il apxilrcKrypHbtx coopy}fieHufi - Mo-
M0pr4aJrbHbrfirausrnuH rep0trM 6l{rsut na Bo.ure - cosAaH rpynnoir
aBropoB II0A pynoBoAcrBoM E. Byueruua Ha MaMaeBoM Kypralle.
CraH KoBa fl c Ky JTt'tIT y p a npegcraBJleHarlaqe Bceto lropr-
peroM. 3a4aua cKyJlbrlrypHoro [opTpera ts ocHoBHOM ra ]fio' qTo lr
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H. AnapeenbrM, BarreqarJreBrrrr{M qonose.{Hurfi I4 llcJrl,Iqecrnetrnr'lii o6-
pa3 BOII(AA. I,ny6OXurvr [cI4xOJIoI]I:lMoM [poHI{ltHyT rlopTpeT lII4caTOJIg
O. fiocroeucnol'o, BbIIToJIHeHHT'liicxylsnropoM C. ItouenHorsrlr'
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Bafl cK yrr b IIry pa, nso6paE(alorlat{ rpyrry .nxl4eii ulu tpurypy
otrHoro qeJIoBoHa.
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p[aJIoB - Qap$opa, AepeBa, Hocrll, t43 llJlacrMacc; MIrorI4e I{3 IIIIX
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flprrMep, creIIbI, cBoAa, cKyJlb[rypH0ro naMflrHllHa). tr4uor4a pe'rrr'erp
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Hllo6pameHlt c{eHbl I{B TlpollsBe4eHuri IIoDTa.
11

,flenoparnuno-flpr!ftnaAHoe
rrcnyccrBo oxBarblBaer ctpepy HapoA-
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Tr{aqecrBO, rol}cJII{pHLIe IrBAeJIufl. 9tolly BrIAy IrcxyccrBa rIpI{rIaA-
Jrelr{rrr BHaqilTorr,ua.fi poJIb I tpoputlponaul{Ir xyAo}t(ecrBerlHoro BHyca
HapoAa.
3a6ora ltontuynucruqocrtori rraprItIt lr CosercHoro npaBI4reJIbcrBa
o pocre MarepnaJIbIIoro Ir nyJILTypHOro bJIarococroflHr4fl HapoAa,
rrHreHclrBlroe pastsepTLIBaHrle mItJII4illHOrO CTpOITTeJIbCTBaCOSAaIOT
ycJronrrrl AJrrr [or]rillrelr]Irr KyJIbrypll Hailrero 6rrta. B 4alsnefi[rena
sce 6o,rreeuupomltii Kpyr [peAMerolt, IIBAeJITafinpourrnuleHHoro rrpo-
n3tsoAcrBa 6yger nxo4nrb B cQepy AenoparlrBHoro l4cxyccrsa. Paa-
uoo6paaurre rrpeAMerbI rIoBccAHeBHoro o6raxo4a (rvre6e.nr,,oAe]r(Aa,
rrocyAa Ir Ap.) He roJILKo cJlylr(ar n 6rrty, Ho n ynpa[Ialor ero.
CnequQnna AeKoparI{Brlo-IIpuKJIaAHoro I{cKyccrBa saKrIoqaercfl B
ToM, qro nporlllBeAcrltrtr cro AoJIlr(IIbI 6r'tru n oAHo II To )I{e BpeMt{
noJrearrr,r r,r fipaclrrlbl. O6r'I.rHaq qaurna, IIJIaroIt, KoBep, yRpaIrIeHHbIe
pocrrr4cbrc, nltruunHorl, AoJIalorcn upaBAHnrIHbIMI'r, HapflAHbIMI{' He
rrepecraBafl cJIyE(I{rb Iro HaaHarleuraro. Coa4aBafl rlpeAMer, xyAo}r(Hl{tt
o6gaan cqurarbcf c ero tpyuHqIroHaJIbHtIM HaBHaqeHI{eM?rlogqrrnq-tl
oroMy Kolrcrpynrll4to, Qopuy, tu6op Marepllarla.
Ipouaguyxl poJrr, B paaBr{rnlr coBpeMeHHoro Aefioparl{BHoro trc-
KyccrBa rr'rparor nlrpa6orannLle BeKaMIr rpaAldqlrl4. B paannrnll co-
BCTCKOTOAeKOparl,rBHO-Irpr{KJraAHOro14cKyccrBa LIcnoJIbByIorcfl Tpa-
Arrrlr4r.rr{cKyccrl}a HapoAoD Cosercxoro Coroaa. Ha rax ocHoBe coaAa-
rcrcrr npouBBeAeHnrr xyAolrtccrBonnofi npoustIrrJIelrHocrIr. llpo4olxta-
roT cBoe TDOpqecKo0 paSBIrTrIe cyIIICcTByK)ilII4e IrSAaBHa HapoAHbIe
xyAolfiecTrlelrHr,Ie [poMr,IcJIbI. Bo.rlnloiil IIorIyJIt{pHocTbIo rIoJrbSyeTcfl
urrrurruafl rrrpyrlrKa (c. flr,rnaxono KnponcHoii o6,n.) , AepeBflHHafl
peaHafl rrrpymna (c. Boropotrlcnoe MocxoscHofi o6n.), EtuBorll4clrafl
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r Kpyncnan H. I(. O AolrrnoJrtrroM IrocnI4talrutr. C6opuux crarofi tl ptt'tcii
M.. 1973. c. 127 128.
13

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PaCCHaaBOcIIIITaTeJIflno KapTIIHe AoJIlfieH 6bITb nO BoBMo?+(HocTI'I
o6pasurrru, BbIpaal4reJrr,nr,tru,uto6n IroAHtIrb IIHrepec y 4eteii, cosAarrr
OrrpeAeJIeHHOeHaCTpOeIII4e.ftorAa :)TO BoBMO?+(HO,BoCn14TaTeJIbI4C-
[oJrbsyeT xyAo]fiecrBeHHyro JrrrTeparypy (ulrrae'r crpoHn crr,rxorBo-
peHfl.q, oTpbIBoK I{3 CKaSKII, paocKasa).
Bocnntarelb [oJIBoAI'Ir Aerell K yMeHilIo cpaBHI{BarL OiIHy Kap-
rr4Hy c gpyrofr. c'rapturae Ao[rKoJIbHIIHn cnoco6nl'l K HeRoropoMy
cpaBHr{reJrbHoMyaHaJrlray. Hanplrltep_ , noKasaB AerflM HaprltHLI 14.JIe-
BnraHa <Mapr> ra A. canpacona <l'paur4 npn,'reTeJu), tsocIIr{rareJlb
c[paur{Baer, rAe, IIo ttx MHeHI{IO,USO6paE(eHapaHHfl-Hlr rAe l]o3AHffl
BecHa. <3Aecr rpaqlr y?fie Bbxlr rHesAa'
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roBopur oAnH Mafibrrnx'
rroKasbrBafl Ha Kaprrrny A. CanpacoBa,
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a 3Aecb,
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noHasr,rBaer Ha
Haprr{Ey <Mapr>,
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MIrOrO,a TaM OH BeCb ITOTeMHeJI,TaeT, rra Kpbllrrax cHera coBceM HerD.
Borrpoc
tr (Ha HaHofi Kaprr4He uBo6pa[{eH corHe'Inhlu
genr?>;
rpo-
17
IIHbI - COqe-
TAHI4E

cr4r AeTet paccKasaTb o IIBeToBbIx coqeTaHl4flx, IlepeAantqlrx IIacMyp-
rrbrri AeHb B HaprI4He <lpauu [prIJIereJIIrD.
Becega Mor+(er Haqarlcfl c paccfiaaa caMoro Bircnrrrarerfl o Kap-
rlrue. 3aren lryreM BoIIpocoB oH [pI{BJIeHaet ra 4ereii K aI{TItBHoMy
Bhrpa?fieHulo cBonx B[eqarJleHufi. B 4pyrlrx cJlyqaflx, Hor4a y 4eterl
paSBprToyMeHIre paccMaTpnBaTb KapTIrHbI lI BOCIIITTaIIIrHTepec K HI4M'
6ece4a IIpflMo HaqllHaercfl c BorlpocoB H AerflM' Ilponc4n 6eccgy rro
HapTuHe, BOC[lITaTeJIb ts SaKIIOqeHI4e BLIcKaBblBaC]TCBOe cy?I{Aelltlc
o uefi n roustnofi It llHrepecHoii 4nn 4etefi Sopue, o6o6ulan Irx
BhIcKaSbIBaHil'l .
,
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HOMy nOCilp VrflTLrl{JCoAep?r{aHl4s reKcra. Bolruryro
poJlb npLI STOM
I{IpanT BolIpOOl,l BOcnl{TaTeJIrI'yCTaIIaBJII{BaIOXII{OCBEAb Me?I{Ay CO-
Aep)fiaHneM I{apTI4HbI lr [pocJlytuaHHLIM reRoroM.
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c. Muxalxon) BOCilUTaTOJTT-,
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repa AflAId CTenur, ero [ocryIIHLr. fleAaror IroMoraer AerlM AeJrarI]
HecJrOlItHr,reBblBoAbI,O6o6rUenuq, O6parqaet nx BHI{MaIIIIe Ha IJIaBHOe.
Il pcey"rrbTaToTaKt4x 3altfi1.14
li y Iereil pa3B].rBaeTCtl41111,pt'cK
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repec Eror [oAAep[rlrBaorcfl reM, qro B AeTCKoM caAy AerflM rlpeAo-
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BeHHbre OTKphITKII It KapTuHKl1. MOX{Ho, HaIIpIIMep, OpTaIII{SOBaTI'
urpy B (MaraBnHD' rAe npOAaIOTCf OTKpr'ITr.vtlrI AeTI4 OyAyr caMII
Bbr6ilparr, llx.
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rrpoBo[IIJIOCb paccMarpnBaHl4e HaprlrH, xopolilo ycTpol{Tb B rpyllrlo-
Bofi KOMHare rrJrrr B saJre BbrcraBr(y. Bce penpoAyKIII{I{ KaprIIIr,
KOTOpbIe AeTII BI4AeJIl,rts TerleHtlc IOAa, BCTaBJIflK)TCflnOA CTOKJIOt{JlI{
B HaproHHt,re rraclapry rr Kpacr4Bo paBMerrlarcTcfl Ha creHax. Ft nnru
flpnoaBr.sercfl HecfioJlbKo HOB6IX KaprIIrI.
Ftorna BbIcraBKa toroBa, BocrIIrrareJlb IrpeAJraraer ilocMorperb
ee. Aeru cBo6oAHo llepexoAflr or oAHofi KaprIIHbI x gpyrofi ,I pac-
CMaTprrBaroTux. BoCilnTaTeJIb npnCIyUII4BaeTCq K BLICHaSLIBaHIIflM
leTefr, flpoBepFeT, IIOMHST JIIr OHU paHee BI4AeHHHCKapTlrllbl' SaMe-
qaror Jrr{ To. qro AJr-trHI,IX HOBO. SareM olt o6ceAl4Hne'r lercii n o6-
xoAr{T c Hl4MIr BCIO BbICTaBXy. ,[,eru roBoptrr, KaKl4e Kapr14Ht'l oHl4
6o.lture IIO6flT, HaKIIe JIyqIIIe 11oMHflT,69 .neennUlraTeJIbllg paCCMaTpI4-
BaroT HoBbIe KapTuHbI, BtIcRaSbIBaIOTCfl()6 IIX COAeplr(aHlllr.
BOlllilMl,l, l,l("lloJll':x)llilrl' llx.
t8
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MOII{HO BHOCI,ITb AJIeMeHTbI LIrphI: BOCIII{TaTeJIb npeAJIaraeT
HafiTII
B yS0pe oAI'IHaHOBbIe ITJIIT OAHopOAIrbIe gJIeMelrrbl' yKaSarb' HaH OHI4
noBTopflIoTc-[I'oTMeTIITboAr4HaKoBbIeqBeTaI4JII{paSJluq[eBoHpacfie
otrr{HaqoBbrx gJIeMeHToB. Bocurararenb
rIoABoArrT AeTeii K cy}fiAertl4lo o
rroBTopfleMocTl{ aJIeMeHTOB, 06 lrx [paBIrJIbHOM qepeAoBaH14lr' o paSHO-
o6paauu lrx [cIroJIbSoBaHIrtr.
Vaoprr,
opHaMeHTbI Ha lrpeAMerax
rroMoralor
R AenoparrlBHoM
pltcotsaHI{tr: AeTlr HayqaroTcfl AeJ'iaTb ySopLI 6Olee pnrnrIlrIHbIe lt
Mllof oHpacoqHLIe.
Xy;lolxectneHIIo
Br'IrIoJIHeHHbre lrrpylrrnlt Ir cKyJIt'tITypa cJlyxtar
o6paaqauu AJrfl Jtenfir4 r4 prrcoBaHr{fl, SHaI(OMqT AeTefi c IIiIacTt{tIocHIl-
Mn llso6paxteEl{flMll,
c repeAaqetl Qoptut'1, ABI .I}(eHllfl'
Heo6riqnag BalrI{MaTeJrbHooTb 06pa3oB, E{IISHepaAOcTFlocT b, fl pKafl
ilHaHoMItBUIItCb lla 3aHfTI4flX Il B l4lpax c aHaJIOIIIqHbIMI{ IIpOI{3Be-
ArlI|ltflMlt, AeTl{ c l4HTepecoM rIocMOTpflT eF(OlIoIIaTLI My3etr I{JII{ B}'l -
IIJII4poIIpoAyKIlI4I{KapTI4u'I,IJIl{0|{y.III,IITypa'IIJII4IlpolIsBeAeHnfltre-
KOpaTI{BHO-IIpI{KJIaAHOTO I4CKyCCTllil.
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cOIIpoB0)I(Aa()'rctI BoIIpOcaMI{ K AeTtIM' OOCCAOI{'
caMOcToflTeJILHbIMtt BbICHaBLIBaH1{flM14AeTeii' paCCHaSOM BOoIIIITaTeJItr,
qT(lHr4eM CTr{XOB r{ OTpr,lBnoB rr3 rrpollar{qecKl,Ix npousnegenlrii.
B 4otcHoru ca4y, B rpyrrnoBor'i xounare IIJrI{ saJIe' ycrpauBa-
roTcg Br,rcTaBK14XyAOlItecTBeHHblx npoIISBeApHIII{ Ha Ty nJII{ I{HyK)
TeMy nJru tt3 tlpo[I3Be[ennii I(aKorO-JI1160l]ttllil 14cI{yccTBa::]CTaMIIbt'
nJrJIIocTparlI4Lr,cli!'.nbnTypa lr llp.
co cTapult4M!1 Ael.bMt{ IIpoBoAflTcfl i)ItcHypcllIt B MyBeIl vIJtA
Ha BHCTaBKAI\JtH npooMo.rpa sapaHee oro6paHHor0 MaTepuaJla, A()-
cTyrrgoro AJrf AOTCK6TOtsOgnprrflTlrfl KaK rro o6'reuy, TaK I{ rlo co-
Aeplr(aHlII0.
Ilooqpnetcfl
caMocroflreJrbHoe paccMarp14Balrne IIerbMI{ rtpo-
rr3BeAeHr,rffucKyCcTBa ts AOTCKoMCaAy I{ BHo e1o. BocunrarO;lb BH14-
MaTCJIblrOBblcJlylrrlrBaeT paccKa:ll'I AeTefi o BIIAeHI{0M.
19

$ 3. Ecrerxqecxhe rpeSoearrr
r oQopmneHrp Aercftoro caAa r
B xyAo?fiecrBeHHoMBocrrrrraHrrr{ecrerr,rne6rrra npunaAJre}r(r4r
ranafl lr(e Ba)fiHafl poJIb, Kart r{ trporraBeAeurrrrMr4cl{yccrBa. [Ioatouy
6olrnroe auaqeHr{e[prrAaercfl o$opmnenraroAercnoro caga. Tpe6o-
6atr,utrn ty)otrcecreeHHoJnAofiopnneu,urc 1ercnoeo ca1a onpe0e,na-
rcrca ne1aeoeuqecnotiqe"tecoo6paaH,ocrbto,co)eptrcau,ue&L6ocnura'
renauoil pa6orot,,aa)aqoltu ry0orcecroet!,Ho?opaasurun. 3ru aagauu
recno Baar{MocBrraflHrrr
u o6ycnoul'IBalor Apyr Apyra.
OQopnrnenlreAercxoro caAa AoJrlnHo6rrrr BbIAeplKaHoB coBpe-
MeHHoMcrr4Jre.Harue )fie qeprr,I or.Illlr{alorcoBpeMeHHblftttnrepr,ep?
Crperunenne K rpocrore Fopt, H Holl{opty u y4o6crny 6ea
pocKomn Ba cqer rrpoAyMaHI{ocrll,anoHoMI{qHocrI{peruerurii.Bonumc
cBera r,IBoBAyxa- ero He roJIbKorpe6onanue rl4rueHblJHo I{ ecreru-
qecnuft [p[rHIItrII conpeMennorouHrepbepa. flpu co3AaHI{r.ItlHrepl'e-
PA HAAO YTIIITI'IBATb BSAI4MOIIOATIIIHEHHOCTb NEUIETI, BsAI{MOCB'I3b ME}I{_
Ay qacrflMtl y6paHcrna rlrl{Jrr4lrla.
Xy4oxecrneHHyro
cropoHy o@optrrrennR nouerlenufi
Aercnoro
caAa xapaKTepuSyroT rapMoHr,IqecHr4e coorHoilreHr4fl orAeJIbHf,Ix eJIe-
MeHTOB,nOAqr4Herrr4er4X rIeJrOMy.
Bonrnroe BHaqeHI,IeB coaAaHlrrr rapMoHl,Iil l4HTepbepa LIMeer IIBor,
Ho Ba[rnbr He croJrbno re I4JII{ lrHble uBera caMlr Iro ce6e, cmolt'xo
rIBeTOBr,recoq(]TaHrrt{. B4nncrny IIBeToBoro BocnpuflTI4tl I,IHTepbepa
noMoraeT pacnpeAeJreHne qBera B saBrlcl4Mocrlr or pasMepoB oHpa-
rrrerlHr,Ix uacrefi,
'r. e. 6olr,ttII,Ie noB€]pxHocrfi ([o"u, creHbI, IlotonoK)
ofiparneHhr B Mflrxrre roHa, MeHr,IrII{e IIJIoIqaAI{ - B flpnrre. C)co6en-
Ho 6oruuoe BnaqeHne nplro6peraer coorHolxeHlre LIBera creH I{ IIoJIa.
Hafr4n rIpaBIrJIt,Hoe pe[reune erlrx ocIIoBHbIx KoMrIoHeHTots,BHaqII-
TeJrbHo Jrerqe perrrarb Borrpocbr o IIBere 6onee uelHr.tx 6r'rtonrrx
rrpeAMeToB.
B nolreqeurrflx, ocBeuIeHHLtx ooJrrIIIeM, Aaror xoJroAHylo qBero-
tsyrc raMMy, B ceBepHbrx r{Jrlr BareMHeHHLIx KoMIIarax, uao6opot,
MOII{H0 cOBAaTI' I4JIJIIoBIIIo coJII{eqHoIO CBeTa KOHTpaCTHt'IMII OTHo-
[reHr,rflMr{ TerrJrbrx roHoB. C:renrr nolreulenuii AercRoro caAa oHpa-
rrrrrBaK)TB cB€TJIbre,Mr{rKI{e rona (cnerlo-6exreortii, canatnttfr, ro;ry-
6onarsrii n r.A.). Eonr,nroe ar{aqeHlre nMeer 14 L{Ber no;ra. flo;tt't uo-
HpbrBarorcrr ;ru6o .nnno"neyMoM, att6o cncqnaJlbHblMIl MarepltaJraMIt,
noTopble oHpaIrrr{BaroTcfl B RpaclIBbIe cBeTJILIe TOHa, TapMOIII{pyrc-
lllue c qtseroM creH.
F(axgan rpyllroBafl KoMHara Moxter 6rrtt peurena n paauofr que-
rosofi ra[4N{e.
Crranr apxrrreKTypr,r n AenoparLIBHoro [IcKyccrBa Ha[reto BpeMeHIr
Bo MHoroM o[peAeJrflercs csoficrsaMll HoBbIx MarepuaJloB. Me6ent,
BbrIIoJrHerrHafl c rrpr.{MeHeHueM crrHTeTI{qecKIrx MarepnaJIoB, alacro
crarroBlrrcrl ToM ocrroBHbIM AeKoparlrBrILIM eJIeMeHToM,'Horopuri onpe-
Aernor x.yllolr{oc,1'}roruroop0rilenIIe Bc€}ro rloMcLI{eHu.a . Kpacnnan,
rr.rorilr rrortcl)xlro(',1'r,,6ot'atct'uortpacoqnoit Italr'trplt, paanoo6paalre
20
Qaxryp paBJIuqHbIx BITAoB rIJIacrI4r{ecKIrx Macc coBAalor 60rblttuo
BoBMolttuocrv Ailtr xyAoll{ecrBeHHLIx peruenufi; ornaAaer neo6xo-
Ar,rMocrr, B AofloJlulrre.nruofi orAeJrKe Ir AeKopI{poBKe'
Me6e.nr, treJraercfl B CoOTBeTCrBtrrLc nponoirqunuu reJla pe6enHa-
AOTTIKOJIIHIIHa
-
gTtl OAHOII3 yC,lrOnrafiero flpaBIIJIrnOrO Qlralrqeg11ol'o
paBBuTIIfl. flpnUr,re MflIHIIe 1ilg.yIrr, IapMouuqec6oe cooTHoIIIeHI{e rla-
crefi, rrpocrafl, qerKa-E fioHcrpynqnfl - Bor xapaKrepHble oco6en-
rrocrrr ue6enlr.
PacnotomeHlre r{Ipyuen na 6o.rr,ruoM KoBpe oTHnMaeT MIIOTOMe-
cra rr ue coAeficrByer pasBeprbrBaHr{ro nrp. I{elecoo6paaHee xpa-
rilrrb urpyilKr4 B CreHHI'rx urHaFax. Bce rpynnbr rrrpylllefi AoJr)fiHLr
pacnoJralaTbcfl B oflpegeneunoft crrcTeMe, B COOTBeTCTBIII{C 'IX Ha-
i"U.t"t""*.
[.nn atorO Mo]Ituo I{cIIOJILSoBaTbcenIII{oHnue UrxaQsr C
flIIIIIRaMI4paSJII{qHoropa3Mepa,coTKI'AbIBar]qrIMlrcflAocKaMI4'ABep_
rlaMn, TO sacreKJreHrrbrMn,ro rJryxr{M14.v4O6Uo XpaHuTl' I{IpytrrHu B
c[eulraJlbHo cAeJIaHHbIXKaTaJIRaX,flLIIUKaX Ha HOJIeCI{KaX'
flpra paaueil{eHlll{ pacrenufi B noMeIrIeHI4I4Aercnoro caAa HaAo
crpeMrrTbcE H
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c o6rquu xapaKrepoM r{Hrepbepa. He cle-
AyeTfleperpyx(aTl'rpyfiIloBbleKoMHaTbIpacTeHIIflMIrI,IIlBeTaMII'[pll
ot6ope nyxtno yalurblBarl' I{x IIBer' (paHrypy, f;opty
lr crpoeHl{e'
TpagecHanqlln, IraJIbMa, acnaparyc' ttoMHarHbII{ BIrHorpaA' nJIrou
oio6euno (pacrrBbr npra o6opuJre'r4r,r noueuleunfr: JIerHI4e, Kpy)fieB-
Hbre, oHr.I IIplrAaroT I{OMITaTaM napR,]1nr,1fr,
.
[pI4BJIeHaTellut'tii nlrq.
ItepalnrHa (Haruno, paaJllrquoro nra4a naart) xopoilo corleraercn c
SEJIEHbIO,
Ilnrepuep 0ercnoeo ca1a ne 0o.ntrceu,6atra craruuHbl.tw,:HailcHo
speJwnoT SpeJweH,u
ileHflTb pacnorLo)rcetr,ue
ue6e,tu, 6tLocuTbtro6ble
leranu ofioputenua. llpw sroM ycrroBnrrAerx pearl{pylor IIa oHpy-
.Eraroil{yrco6cranouHy aKrI4BHo'oHa paAyer trx I{ flErepecyer'
flpolranegenrdflr{cnyccTBasaHrrMaroroco6oe Mecro B oQopru;renulr
AeTCKOTOCa4a. onu AOJIlItHbr6utt rte TOJIbtto yHpaIneHI{eM' HO II
rroMoraTb perrreHr{ru BOC1rr,ITaTeJIbHr,rx
SaAall. fpynnonr'te HoMHaTbI
rytrilIe yHpaurats ecTaMIIaMI4 I'I IIeqaTHbIMIl peIIpo[yHIInflMIr pI4-
cynltoB, axBapeJlen, rpaBlop. Scraunrr rl peilpoAynqntl oQopuJlftorcfl
nll
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no 6ea- paMbr, npoctoii ya*ofr oxanros*ofi,r Beurarorcfl
rra crelry 6ea naH,lrona.
B o$oprrtneHlll{ I{cnoJrt,syercfl rafi}fie cKyJILrITypa MaJIhIx Qopu:
BbrpasureJrbHocTb qeJroBeqecKr{x Qurypor B coqeraHl{[ C qpHoorbrc
r(oJlopl{ra AeJIaer ee xopoIxI4M yltpailIeHI'reM AeTCKoTOcaAa'
I4a uponane4enufi AenoparnBHoro IlcnyccrBa l4crroJlbayrcrcff He-
paMrlqecxIre Ir AepeBflHHbIe nl[\ellwg) KoBpbI, SaHaBecIr' Tnanu'
yuorpe6.nneuue AJrf, aananecefi, cTaJrr4 JIerqe, IJIaCTIIqHee, noA-
BII}T(HEE.
Bocnurarenb flcrroJlbSyer o6ctanosKy AeTCKOr.OCaAa Ailq BCeCTO-
poHHero Boc[I,IraHns ;1erefi: ilpuyuaer nx H y6opre, [oIIAep]KaHuIo
IropflAKa, yKpalrleHIlIO ltOMHaTbI'paccMaTprIBaeTc HllMIr xyAo)fi ecTBeH-
Hbre [potr3BeAeHrrE u 6ece4yer o Hrrx. v Aerefi cr:apurefi rpyilI[bl oH
BocIIIITbIBaeTyBaXeHIteKTpyAyMacTepa,xyAoE{HI4Ha.AeJIaIoIIeIo
21

yAo6Hbre, spacr{Bble Belqn. flocreneuno fleAaror paaBlrBaer y 4ereft
xy4oxecrnennrrft Bltyc, yMeHI,Ie BaMeqarb Ir paccMarpuBarr, Kpa-
crrBlie rrpeAMerlr o6ctanonnu.
IIPI4MEPHbIE ITOHCIIEKTbI 3AH'ITI4fr
Cpegnnn rpyrra
Vrenue cnaanu JI. Toncroeo nTpu melae1a, c noxaaontuntncrpat4uti B. JIe-
6e0eea-
IIpo rpaM MHoe coAe p x(aFr{e. Paasusarr,o6paauoeBocnprr.ffTr4e
npu
paccMarprrBaHtl1414,'r,'rocrpauilfin cKasxe.
Mero,qilfta
Barr.srrrn. flo xogy rrrenr{ffcKaBKn[oxa3blBarr,uflrxrcrpa-
ur{rr, aareM errle paa paccMorperr, roJlr,(o rrJrJrrocrparlr{r4.Ilpe,qnoxurr, AerflM nepe-
cKa3aTb rro HrIM cr(a3r(y.
,(onorrurenrno Mo?r(HoaaAarr, cJleAyroilIrreBonpocbr: <Bu4uo Jrr{ Ha r(aprullfte,
KyAa norrr!'rn lreAseAn? Paocxaxu, nax uao6paxeusl Mlrxan;r l4naurrv, Hacracsq
fleT ponna, MlruryT Ha. Itaxr,re qaurrlr, cryJrr,fi r4 KpoBaru Hapr{coBaJr xy4oixHlrx?
F[ax xy4oxnun nepeAaJr B pr.rcyHxe, rrro AeBoq(a cr.rAeJlaHa Bcex cryJrbffx n oAuH
c.nouara?>
fIo xo4y paccMarpnBaHuq nrrrocrpaqrafi nocnr.rrar:elr o6paqaer BHITMaHIte
Manenlr{ltx gerefi Ha ( cxaaoquocrr,)) noMHarrl rr.re4regefi,na Heo6uqHocrl KpoRa
reii, cry;rren (xy,4oxuur HapltcoBan rlx cAeJtaHIrtIMr.rIaa 4epenleu).
Crapuraa npylnfl
Vrenue cru:rorgopetutt, C. Mutannoea (A uro y eac?,t c novalo,tt ull,xlocrpa-
qufi A. flaroLw,oea.
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6oraror MaMbrv 4eteri,qannofi rpyflnt'I . B aaxlpqenue cJleAyer cxaearb, qro MaMI'I
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22
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25

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4eteir cttvvllo Ir He rrptrlJoAur, Kafi IIpauu.ro, l{ yoIIexy. f{pyroc 4e.rro,
eoJIlI 3aAarla ucnxnri pa3 HecKor'ILKoycJro?fiHflerol, rrpcAcrac]T rrepeA
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53

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paBBnrrre rBoprrecKOro Mr,rrrrJreHrrfl,noo6pamenun. SepucT uuecnufi
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54
lrr{BaeTcg Ha fJraBEoM r,r AocTyrrHoM AJrfl BbrrroJrlreHr{q. {eM 11yq111e
yAaercfl BocTIITTaTeJIIOCrpOprur'rponatl' SaMbICeJI' TeM yBepeHHee 11
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6y4er napncoBarb, RoclrlrrareJrl' tsM€cr€ c reM [peAocraBJlfer Bo3-
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rocTl4 It AeTflM rIpuxoAlrT Hapfl/IHafl KyKJIa 14 rIpocllT I'IX HapI{COBaTb
ec rroprper.
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55

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Pa6tltr'l tIo ilttlliltltiittlltlt,
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ltopoxotlit'r(rii 6ylllrlc. .llrrc'rr ,r rolnr4cr,nralorott Irpt'/[rtilpt{ToJIl,IIo /\o
3AIIiI1.l ,rlr rut o6opritttoii t].loIri.,itc: )1r{il;ti,uriI('1 'ctttlr\trr l)o6orIHit tr Itil-
rlil.[r,uoti 6yirira rrIo {llirttr.rtlltt. /(irrit lli}{)li('l{t'}lllti silrttrrl{tl.
Iiyuary
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6rr,qo grtl,rctIl.tTt,IIcvJ{ii,tFli} }t-lrI3T'trt il;rii:tty tl jl)}Th BTopOfi JlucT T(\l{,
rtTo 6rJIcTpo (lllpalllr,ilcrt c']ili\illlll(rl\I.
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l'lolttllo(lTL ttt,t6pa'rt, llti(i'l JIll(1'lil 6)'iltllr'tt , ll()('Tolt(]lll.lo flo/I1]olltl l'Ix K
(.,o3HArOJIt,IIoNlVl]1,16()l)vlilotta it llo;16op-v t{J}lI0(}tt. I} pcay'nl'rarc pl't-
c1r1tr,tt (fi'itllo llrtT(ltl til)it(:{)11tl(10, ii Ii'r{lf)cotf()o'
lIrr,'r 6t rtltttl. llir.'tl()l:llilll:l:t"llrtii lrlil :r.ttr;1tir't
tltlttoii
"tt' 'l 'f{rJll' -
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TA --- lul,1 /(l't!|ltOllClitlX V:ioi)oll'
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l). ll c.tirpur(\ii il rrolil'0'1.{}rilr'1.r ,.;il,ltr}ll
r,J)vnflitri it,()TUpt.lc)/roT aKIil-
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Ita ltil)Fij(vt{tttiiiit(,ltv, t{ ltiilttiTllt(}l(l}it('liii tl('\lii{}i'{}l)ill}lloliilloT tl I'(}TOlll'l
ri 5'tto'rpt'6,rt('lr rr ().
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61

HararryHe.Oura paano4rrrcr{AOorrpoAoJreuHorlrycro'rsr (xax xtn4nax
clrerana), uo46uparcrcfl rro rIBery, orrerrKaNr(g.nn ula4urcri lr cper4-
ncfi rpyurr) B coorBercrBrrr c, coAeplnarrneNrreMbr, r{BeroM6yuarn,
rra Hotopofr 6ylyr prrcoBarb 4cru. Craprurre Aerr.r oocraBJrnroror-
TeHXrr cauz. Baxno, uro6r,r rIBora Kpacort xoporuo corrorarilcb 14
BllAeJrflJrrrcbHa Jrrrcre 6ylraru. Oco6euuocrr, r.yarxeBr,rxr(paoox coc-
TOIIT B TOM, IITO OHr CBeTJIeRtT ItOCJlo BL,ICbtXaHI{fl lI pUCyHI{I{ OHa
BbIBarorcfl 6neAur,re, rreBbrpaBrrroJrr,rrble.floerolrv, lorotsscb H 3a-
HqTI,IIO,HaAo n0rpo6ogarl Hpacfin Ha ro,\I JIllcl'0. Hil rio'fopoN46yAyr
pI4coBarb Aeru, u B cryrrae Heo6xo4rlM{)crrr cAeJrarb Rpaonr4 TeMHee
IIJIII CBETJIEE.
Kpacnu paoar4Barorcr{s He6o.rrbuu{erraJrrlrpr,r:r] NrJraArrrlrxrpy[rlax
4-6 qneron, B craprilrrx -
lo 6-8 rIBeroR. Crapml.re Aerr.{oocraBJrn-
ror orreHnr{ rra rraJrr{Tpc (nycovno 6e.lrclrorrJracrr4RauJu.{o AorroJrur'r-
reJrbHBrx poserxax) . f]eraru 6 7 ;ner Molr{Iro AaBarb nccr, na6op
ryarxeBr,rx Hpacom (Hopo6xy). Ho neo6xoArrMo ocraBrdrb npacxn B
6anoqHe na 1/3,
.rro6br nr{crb AocratsaJla Ao AHa. flepe4 BaHflrl{eNI
BOCrrUTaTeJrbOTKpbrBaeT ItpL,rilrrt'r oaH()rreK, a /lelfiypHbIe paSNIclIIu
Raror [aJroqHofr Bce KpacKr{ ilo oqcpeAl{, cHaqaJra oA]roro tl]tora Bo
ncex Hopo6Hax, BareM nroporo r4 T./r. Bocrrnrare;rb rlpoBepler rycro-
Ty KpacHr{, AoJrrrBaeT,ecJru MaJro KaKOro-To rIBera.
Barxno oJIeAIITL, q'ro6u flocJre rlaHtrrnlr KpacRIl lrJrorlto Battpr,lua-
JIIICL, He nepeCbIXaJIu.
4. lr:i.n pucoBaHr,rfl HaAo rroAr'oToBr.rrr,r{ncrl'1, Tplrroql{r{, 6asnu
AJr.s tsoAlr. Bo4y rra.nr,rBaK)TAorl.{ llepeA 3a}rflTrrotr. Llro6r,r Hr.{o'l.b
AOCTaBaJIaA() AHa, a BOAa He BbrrrJreCRlIBaJIaCb,JlVrltxe rriIJttIBaTt,
HerroJTrrym6arrx\'.
B xo4c Barrtrrtrfl crapllltre Aern IIpl4ytlaIororI McHErb BoAy rro Mepc
0e sarptrsHeHrrfl.
5.
,(ra pa6or no arrrJrl{xarlu14 3ar'oraBJrr.rBamrcxna6opr,r rlBerlrr,rx
Qoptut.
f[nn 4eteri nropnii lr.rra4rrreiirpyrrrrLt t{ B r{aqale r'oAa .-
4ln ;1t'rcii
cpe4neri rpylllrbI Aanrcfl rororlr,re Kpylnxr4, KBaAparbr, rrpflMoyroJrb-
Hr{Kr{, oBaJrbr.Co cpe4neii rpylnr,l /{acrcfl 6vurara, 6rl.r:lnan rro t{ropuc
K TeM IIpeAMcraM, noroprie AoJrlr{HbrBr,rpo3arb getll. B r{oHrle crap-
urefr, a B ocHoBrroM B rroAroroBlrre.lssor'i rpynlo roronlrcrfl ua6opr,r
6ynraln L0Xlz cu (paanep Drr4x Jrlrcron Mo?fier Morrrrrbcrr n ltABr.l-
cI4Mocrlr or coAepx{anun) .
,(eru BbrpeaaruT crraqaJra ucxo4ur,rrr rfop
lrr,r (Hpyr, fiRa4par rr 1p.). a 3arrM yi+tecaM llpcllNrt)r r{Jlrrofo rril(r.r,tr.
B cnyuae Heo6xo4uuocrn nocnr4TareJJr,rroAl.oralJrrjBaer Jrr,rcrr,r
6eroro IIBera AJrrr ynpalr{HeHnfl, HarrplrMop rrpr4 Br,rpcabrtsarrul..r
upeA-
MeroB cJrolr{Hof(JcttJtyJra (ealr,r . }+u4BorHr,rr'. n.ruqr,r) .
Ha eauqrnrd, rAe ?ro uoaMolr{lro, HaAo lpeA,narar}, AcrnM n.irullrrrcii
rpynlbr nr,r6parr, rlBer r(rToBr,rx (poplr, a B ocraJrf,Hr)rx |pylrrrax rlBor
6yuarlr. Hanprauep, npr4 rranrrer{Rarruu npyr.ots AByx qtscroB Ha no-
,tocKe Aarb paaHr,re Ha6oprr na namgsrfr croJr t4Jrr{/IJrn BbrfiJra/IbrtsaHr{r{
HeBaJrflrrrKr4,rrupaMrrAn[ rI Ilpoqee ilpeAJroEurrb nr,r6parr, oAr,rrraRoBt,ro
ilo IIBeTy, HO paSHr,rc IIo Ber[rr[He HpyErltr.{.
62
Heo6xo4lrnro BaroroBr{rt rpopn 6o.nI)IIrc, qcM norpe6yercfl l\Jrtr
3aHflTflfl, qro6u AerflM 6rr.no ua voro nu6parr. Ocrantuuccn (pOpur,r
rrcrroJrr,syroTctl saTeM Ha Apyll4x SaHflTll-flX I{ B CaMOCTOflTeJI}'HOI4
xyAolr{ecrBoHHOi.i AeflreJIbHocTIr.
6. F(paxua,ltnrrfi rneii (u.rlratr3 rrrrreHuqHoii uyKu) tsaplrrctl yrpoM
I4pasJIIIBaeTcflrrepeASaHqTItcM'KofAaIIeMHoroocTblHeT(sToMoHtHo
Ilopyrlurb Ae]r(ypHblM y]fie B opoAHeIl fpy[rle) '
7. flraua BaroraBJlrlBaerctl' HaI{ flpatsIlJlo' oAlrn paa B roAy' JIyq-
rrre JreToM, rr xpaHnTcfl B rroJil43Tl{JreHor}rilx6axax, ReApax, lllleHfie.
I{aHanyue tsocilr{TaTelb rloAroTaBJrnBaeTftc6o,tbfiIlre KycKn AJltr Ha]fi-
goro pl6nn r*a, trpoBeprror AOcKr{. He6ollru.ii
TIIIOT6yMarI{, Ha Kor'-
poM lIerI,I JtoIIflT, llosBoJlfler rloBopaql{Barr' pa60ry Ha AOCHO'06'rrcr-
qaeT AeflTeJIbHOCTL.
B crapruefr fpy[Ile Ha SaHflTII[x I]O JTeIIHeueo6xo4t,tlro l,lMeTb
AOcltrI I{JII{ rIoBopol'HLIe craHKIr, CreKI{ AByx' rpex n6pl?^tl:'o-
Ans JIelKr{
"s
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Aaerctr Brarr{Hatr rpflltna (30 X30 clt)'
,Il,eur lrcno;rb3yrcT ee IIJrfl CrJla)iltrBaIII4t{ IIOBepXHOCTII IISAeJlIIrI, BbI-
TI4paruTclopyHt{'cToJI'AocKII;nocJreSaFI,ITI{floHalIp0rI0JIacK'|BaeTo'I
Aell(ypHr'IMlI.
ti.- Ilnu"rllJlr{H [oA6r{paercrr n0 qBeraM tl ^aerc' Ha rex 3aHflrl{trx'
Ha Koropblx Ba?I{oHI{Ber Ir nepeAaqa MeJIKI{x ;lcraneii' Kax rtpaallno'
r{crroJrbSyeTCfl.OH ts crapur4x rpy[IIaX. llepe4 3aHt{TI4eMIIJIaCTIIJII{H
ueo6xoAlluo IloAorperb' IroJlo?ttl{BB Kopo6nax ua 6arapero (taltu n
Apyroe rerIJIoe lrecto), uto6lr Ha saut{rlll{ Aeru cpa3y npIrcrynaJIII H
JIEIIRE.
9. B g,etcxoM caAy Ao,rIE{eIIcoBAaRarLctr t!oH4 nar'lRAHl'Ix Mare-
pr{aJroB, noTopbre Hy}r(Hr,t AJtrr 3aHrITItli c ;1err,nrl: pa3JIIlqHbIe IIpeA-
MeTbr, r{rpyrrrn",
"rrrrorcTpalll{r{,
o6paarlr,t noclII{TaTOJIH}r r. lI. lIepc4
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r<-rpr,ri,iIIOBtsoJIflOTttau6O.rtelc BI'lpa3I'ITe,IIl,tto peultlrb IlilMotl('lIIl Vk)
saAaqy.
fl .rrApnCtlnaHltri C rlaTypt,t Heo6lrlAtrM() IIMOTbJI14CTltilpTOIIil, ?I{oJIa-
reJrbrro pa3HOrO rlBera c Atsyx croporr (cnerlclro n rcnnoro), Ha (poHe
Koropor() craBflrcrr l4B()6pa}+{aeMbIerIpe/\MOrsl. G)ou I]n6tlpaetcn tl
saRr{crrMocTt{ oT rIBeTa HaTypbr: AJrfl ctseTJlpii uatypr'r'rt'unr'rii, M
Hao6opor. He peHoueuAyercrr r{crrorrr,soBaru veptlr,rii l,l 6e.rfl'rii fou
--
ryqrue teuno-cepstfi ra oxptlcrrrii. (Don AoJI)fieE 6ltrr' 6olrure
NPEAMETA,
'IT06I'I ilPEAMET XOPOilO PA3MEITIAJICflI] I]PEAEJIAX
JIhCTA.
Ha gauqrrr.r Mo?neT[CtroJlbsoBaTbctrol(Ha HaTypa AJlfl BC,CXAeTe[r,
rraTypa AJrrr Ka?fi,rlol.o pt{Aa rrJrn r,rrrAr{Br{IIyaJlt,Ilat{. Heo6xo,qult() [po-
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Melr(Ay AByM-a pflAaMu IIa paccroflHttv L,5 -2 14or llpaBol'o crora Ha
ypOBHe rnaa cllfnrqeaO p"6,r"Xa llJIlI alyTr] BbIIIIO, uro6t,t 3Ceu 6ltlttl
xopoilo BI{AIIO.
Ec.nu 4erlr pucy()T rlBeTbr, To JryqUIn ux trocTaBl{TL ts Ba:ly! oaHHy
(yrouufln, rrro ec pr,rcorlarb ne nyxno). Iloa4nee, AcrII Mol'yr pIIC()-
Barr Bcrnlr, IIBerl,r II B Ba3e (rrpocroii tpopvr'r)'
63

flllr paccuarplttlilltlllr IIaryp]'I lIa 3[IHtrrItII IIo Jlcllnc N{oHiIIo llo-
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3arh llllrlpy co Rcox (lTopolr'
clu'rr, crc'A AJrtI allaJtltltu /l('T-
'aI{I{II t'I JI(}11He'
a rl lliuputra 0'roHlla MoryT Ntt]ll'lrt'-
tlt'i, HA ttutu 1'yr' olt IlhlIrellt tlBaeT0tt'
riixtt ntoly'r nptruporIiIxrLou IIeRo-
cpcllorllcIItlo It crolle ltJIIt It llpyloii cropotle IiJtaccIIoil rrepcnocllolr
]IOCKII.
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tto"ht"ur"oroJrb
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ltc6ttnox cau, t{To c/(cJIaror Ito}t(ypIIbIe' flocrcuctrtto <16flilaIIuoorl4
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64
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ran }fie' r{aK oo etopoii n'r'la4ureii rpyrttre' Ho
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67

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69

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BeH BO BpCM.SaHaJlr'r3a,HTO, [O MHeHr{K)BOCrrr{TaTeJrfl,Hy}r{AaeTcfl B
r.rHAr,rBr{AyaJrrnolro6cymAcHrrrr pr{cyHna, arrrrJrrrHarlu14rr rrp.
Ec.lrra aaugtlre 3arqrlrBaercfl Iro tspeMeHLI, aHaJrr,r3Molr{IIo rrpo
BecrLr [ocJre rporyJrRtr r4Jr[ Bo BTopyn uoJtoBlr]ry AHfl.
Prax rrpanruo, [ocJle Ha]fiAoro 3aHflTrrfl AeTcKr4epa6oTbr floMerua-
rorc-s Ha Br,rcraBny AJrfl poArrrenerl 4o c"rreAyrctr1ero BaHflTrrq, BareM
OHI'I SAMEHtrIOTCfl HOBbIMII.
70
O{opu.nenue AercnIlx pa6ot ruoxer 6srrl paBJIuiIHbIM'
qecKrr rIpoAyMaHHbIM.
B paa4enarl'Hofr ItoMHare BblAeJrflerc-s Mecro AJIfl creHAa
Ecnu on craBl{Tcfl ua 4etcxufi ruxaf, to 4olxten 6ntl
HO SCTETIT_
ilO JIEIIKE.
rar{oii }I{e
rrrr4pIrHbI.
PucynHu, a[rrJrrrHarlr{ouur,re pa6orbr Moryr BbrHOCr.rTr,CqBMeCTec
(nyuure rr3 rrJrel(crrrJraca r{JrrrB AepeBflHHoM, rrepe4HEfl qacTl XoTopolo
ua creHla) . Paauep flr4l,IKa rreMHoro 6o.[lure aIb6oMHOrO JII{CTa,rITo-
pa6ory I{ BKJIaAbIBaerHoBYIo'
$ 3, Ilog6op l arepxanoB no h3o6Pa3rrenbHoi
f,etrenbHocrh B MerorqxqecKor Ka6hHele
B Haxt4ou AercKoM caAy cosAaercfl MeroAI4-IecHIafiHa6[Eer' rAe
iloA6[palorcfl Heo6xoAIrMbIe MarepIlaJIbI AJIfl SaHflTId[ B paaHhlx Bo3-
pacrHblx rpyn[ax,
B rIacrHOCr:.l Arrfl 3aHflrllfi uo lrao6paarlre'nbHoii
AeflTer bHOCT14.
Bce rvratepuaJlblMolltHo' IrplrMepHo, pac[peAeJlrlrb Iro 3 paa4e'naru:
I. tr4ucrpyHrlrBHo-Mero4uuecHrafi MarepI4aJI' JII4Teparypa'
II. Harnrgurtft matepraal, uoco6tla'
III. OusIr Pa6orbl.
vl

KyccrBy, rrarpr,rMep<f[uuxoncxaq nrpyurnaD (M. , 1971); B. M. Br,rru -
HcBcr{atr <Xoxrolra> (JL, 1969) u 4p.
Ha scro Jrrrreparypy rI crarblr rIB )+(ypHaJIa <,{oruxorrnoe Bocll{-
TaHrrc) cocraBJlrrercfr Kaprorcna. B Harx4oii HaprouHe yfiaablBaercfl
@aulr"rrl.ra14 lrHrrqlraJlbl aBTopa, IIagBaIIr{c pa6o'rut, Mecro I'l l-oA IrBAa-
Hufr, T. e. AaHHbre rI{TyJIbHoro Jlncra. Ecln aro c,Tarbfl na c6opnltta,
To yna3r,rBaercfr rr TIaBBaHI{e crarbrr lr c6opullx. I{orga Itaproqxa
SalroJrrrflcTcflIIa crarblo n3 )nypHaJla, To yHasb[Ilaercfl roA u HoMep
E{ypr{aJra, a TaKEte cTpaHIlIIbI, I{OTOpLI0llaHllMael' craTbfl.
KaptoreHa cocraBJltrercfl Ha Bct: MarcpI{aJI},I , I{oropbre [lMexlrcfl
B Meronr{qecnolr Ha6nuere, a rtareM B 3aBucllMocrl't or I{oJIt{tlecrBa
Tex vJru ltHbrx MaTepuaJIOB oH[l cI'lcTcMaTl]3I4py()Tcfl llo BI{AaM
Ae.flTeJrbHocTII,IIO OTAeJtbHblMBOIIpOCaM,llO BOSpaCTIIHM rpyIIIIaM
r{ r. A. Ilaupnuep, Mo}nuo Br,rAeJIlIrr paBAcJlbI uao6paatlre.nruoii 4en-
TeJrbuoorr{, BareM B pa[]AeJIe <PraconarrueD BbIl(eJrttrI' pnconaHrre
rrpeAMerHoe, crc}r(orHoe, /{cKoparrrBHoe, oSHaHoMJIeHIr0O IrpOI,r38e-
AeHrrflMr{ I{cKyccTBa I4 T. A.
I I paa4e.n BHJIIosaer IrarJIflAHr,Ietogo6ms tro MeroArIKe uao6paeu-
renr,noii AeflreJrbHocrrl (narrplruep, MancnNtos K).,
9ypanona E|.
PyccHoe HapoAHoe AeHoparIrBIIo-np[KJIaAIroe lrcnyccrBo B AercKoM
cagy. M. ,
1973; CyxoBcnafl JI. I.,
llal.rtou R. Vl. Annlnxaqtra
n
AercuoM ca,4y. M. , 1964; Eerxeena B. A. tr4uroctparlrsHuit MareplraJr
Arrfl Aercnoro uao6paanrerlblloro rBopqecrBa. M. ,
1973 u np.).
B namlolr AercKoM ca4y coaAaerc-fl xyAomec'rnounurri @ou4, no4-
6upaercn naun4nltit MarepI4aJl, Hotopuii t{cIIoJr},3yorcn Ha aaHfl-
Tr{[x ro lrao6paaure.rlsnoii 4onreJlbltocrr4 uJIn Ha Apyrl{x Saut{Tlrtrx, B
cuo6o4uoe BpeMtr, AJrfl BLIcTaBOHr4 r.4. B cror Qouq nxo4ar pe[po-
Aynq[n KaprIIH xyllo]ItHrtnoB rlo tspeNlenau ro4a (no 3 4), rrarnp-
Moprbr, rrJIJIlocrpaI{I4IrxyAo}ItHlrHon-rpa{uxon: JIe6eAena B. 8.,
9a-
pylxnHa Fl. I4. , Paqesa E. M. ,
'IonnaaHosa
Jl., Cyteen B. f. Ha reMI'I,
KOTOpbre Haxo[flT orpa]KcHl,Ie B plrcyHHax, JIeIIHe, anIrJrIrKaIIIrU
nereii.
Xoporuo r{Meri) r4JrJrrocrpartrrru,pr'rcynrrlr n paanori Marrepe rrcrroJr-
HeHrrfl, qro6u MolnHo 6rrlro uoHaearb [errrM cpeAcrBa Br,rpaar4TeJrr,-
HOCTl4, r{CrroJrbsyoMr,re pasHr,rM[{ xyAo]rtrrnKaM[1. IIo46lrparorcfl
oT-
npbITKr{, Al{alo3r{Tr4Br,r r{ Ap.
14nrroc'rparunnr,rfi Mar(rpr4aJl flyqrIIe o{opru,rnts na rracrrapry.
B uero4lruecxou Ha6rauere no46rapalorct{ TaKE(€}rpeAMerbr, I{r'-
pyulrru{. Mylr}r{14. cnyJ'rblrrypa MaJu,tx Qoptrl, napoAHbr(' nrpyutu4.
KepaMuqecRafl [OCyAa, HOTOpI{eIICIIOJIt:]yIoTCflR KaqecTBe HaTyphI B
cTapilrl4x rpy[rrax r{JrrrpaocMaTpr4tsaoTcrrB r{aqaJre iJaHrrTlrflB MJIaA-
rrrr4x rpyillax.
Erxero4no Bce rrpeAMerbr, lrrpyrrrftn lepecMarprrBalorcl,
aaMe-
H-flrorcfl 6oree nripaaurersrrbrMr{,
coBpeMeHHbrMr{, noNrorarcrqr4Mr4
perrreHrdro nporpaMMr,r rro uao6pal;rarensnoi.i AeflTeJrr,rrocrrr.
B uero4nuecxom Ha6ranere xpannrcfl [r 'Tanrre MareprraJrbr, Koro-
pble AaIOTCflAeTtIM He qaCTO, Ha[pr{M{rp Haoopbr qBeTrrbrx BocKoBbrx
MeJIHOB,caHrr{Ha, rracreJrb r4 np. Srnx ruarepr4aJroBMo}nHo rrMerb
72
HecHoJrbKo noMrrJIeKTOB./{On}I{lrtr 6ntrr aanacHble KOMIIJIeHtSTHltcrefi ,
Hpacox, KapaHAaxrefr I4 AP.
fJ lll pasAeJre ooopeAoroqeH otrbrr pa6orr'r no nao6paante;rlnoft
AeflTeJrbnooTr{ AcTcKOru
"u1".
i):ro moucnenTbl OTKpbItHX aanltltfi,
K KoropI'IM rlpllJralaorctr Aeronne pa6orr't, tpororpaQtln; HoucyJlbra-
rlr4r4,AOI{JIaAhIHarleAaforI'IqecHuxcoBelqaHlrtrx'poAI4TeJlbc}tI4xco-
6paHurx n() uao6paan're;rtnoii lleEroJrr,Hocrll, l(oT0pble npoBoAI4JII{Cb
B AercHoM CaAy B CBfl3I4C 3a[aqaMlt l'oAoBoro IIJIaHa'
BOnPOCbI
{. Llar n ftorAa opfarlI'IIJyrlrcfl 3aflt{rnlr no llso6paau'rt'nsnoi;i AcRreJl6Hocr}I B
AercfioM cagy? Haxona fix /(JltrroJlt'Hocrb Il pa3Hhlx Bo3pacrHl'lx rpynflaxi
2. ltarosa optaHnBaIIr,r,t aansrttii n cmctlattnoi
rpynne?
3. lls .rero Cocrou,
rroAroroBqa n eaur{ruxl? }tanofr uatepuaJl IloItoraBJII4Ba-
., " ' ',,*u"y "enxaxoiiR,{OHb3aI|trTIa'I?[|qelf:JaXJI()qacTc'IIoAIoToBRaBoclIII-
rarers?
4. F(ax craBflTc.s croJII'l lIo ornolrlcHrrlo It cBcryr
5. F(ax AoJtlI{eH croflrh BocrII4TareJrL Bo apelIn o6rncuennr'
uto6r't flonaablBaeMbIe
ItpeaMerbr, uan.nnAHltii l{aropnaJl 6t,t'rlt ocuetqcut't?
"t"'6.'
[;*;;i' fr,'6uoo"r" H pacrronu't(eurrro
o6uleii uarypur?
7.F(axoou6opvAuna""cI{MareptraJtr'Ineo6xo,4uun/IJItlpllooBa}III'Irvalrlbrc'
afiBapeJrbrl, KapauAauraMIl ^il
rrp',
AJrtI alltrJrrrxaqlr14' JrerIfir{; ux oco6egnoctu
n
naxgoii aolPacruofi rPYllllc''
b. Hu*o"u
poJlb fialr(Aoxl pe6euna B noAtoro*lto
ri Sauurrrrc rI ''o o(oHqaHlrrr
"t"
"9.off"rtli^;ltl;t;i;
cocror4r:|aHBrr{.,ArrrreJrbHocrbxax/roi.i uacr' (na rp'-
uepo ognoi.itl3 BospacrHllxrpyrlrr)?
{0. KaI{osa poJIb }rocll orareJltl B upollecco RbrIloJrHeHI'Ll ilaAarltr'ff Aerltlll?
3AAAHUfl
1. Ilpocvorporb
l{ 3alltrcarl,, HaKuo MaroprraJlbl tl o6opy'tlonaurlo uM(ltorctl B
oAnoii ua B()SpacTrrr,rx rpvtrrr AOTCKOU()Oallil, fiafiolJo I' , tx HaqecTl]o' l(aH oIII{ XpaIISTCq'
MOryT Jl!l AeTt{ caMocrosTeJrbHo lIoAl'oroBurL lIX AJIU lJaHflT',lu'
-2
llocuorpcrL, I{aK xpaHffrcti /lorcHne pa6orlt, I(aI( oIIH otfopltlteurt; uttxno
Jil4 Oltp|ll0Jltl1'1 , llpIMtl llp{ru(r((rH14H:lalltt'ttlH' - l{tt'luqt'cTRrt npflcyTcTHylt)u{Hx JtoTt'i'i '
HTo npoBo/luJr SaIrttruo, Molltrlu Jll'l cyTlnru 06 yctloxax g'croii n pllooBalllrt'' JIerrfic'
BbIpeSbIBaHIlI4.
,
3' 3anlcatt,
I| np()aEaJtlli]l'|poBaTb :}aHfiT,Ie: AJII'TeJIbHocTl' KaE(/J()tI qa0Tn' aK-
TnBlrocrb llorclr 8o upolrn o6'racrloHltfl, BbllloJlnouul
pa6otlt' IlacxorhRo I{erfio
6ulo nocrpoerro o6tflcHelilt0 tr /{aHrJ y(aSalln'I K IIOCJIOIIOBaTeJbIIOCTI{IIbIIIOJIIICHI' , I H
aaAaHrIrl) fiaI{ pyItoBoAtrJl B(}OlIllTaTeJIt' npo{eocoM pa6orsr, fiaH AOTIr l' , CIIOJ1f'3OBaJIrr
ItpneMhl, peI(oMr-rlIlloIJaHrlbleBo0llI{TaTeJION'l '
oottrlorcTsoBa,tu Jrl/l 1]0IIpocbl aIIaJln3iI SaAaqaM, IIOCTaBJIeIIHI'lMHa SaHtlTltII'
,u"*irn,,r,i,
aKTr{tsubt 6r,r.rrn lcrll
B ttpol\eccc aHaJtn:]a, o6parqanu JIU IlHIlMaIllto
rta ||eDc.Illlqv BIrlpaSt,lTt}JIbl|oo'rlttl6paaa. I]rt,qrr;ru pclxcHbl 3aIlJIaI{upoBaHHbIe llpo-
"ourrn,,,i,iunoo".
Ftaxoso KaqecrBo /(ercfir{x pltcynr(oB, JIenKIr, ailIlJll{KaqrlrI'
4. flpoara:rniluponars
paotlpeAoJroHl'Io o6qaausoctefr
uext1y
AeE(ypHbIMIl 14
OCTaIhItbIMll AeTt Mlr lIo rroAI'oTOBHe I(:]aIIflTItru' B qeM rIpotttsJIaercn CauoO6Cny-
}t(UBa Hne.

f naea7
flNAHHPOBAHhE 3AHflINN
no h3oEpa3hTEnbHoti AE9TE[bHOCTh
h KOHCTPYhPOBAHhIO
$ l. O6urre nptHqxnbt nraHhpoBaHxt
Peruegnecroflrrlrrxn <flporpauMe)BaAaqo6yuenr.rn4erefi nao6-
PAsIITE.]II,HOii 4ERTE;TTTTOCTIT TI I(OHCTPYIIPOBAHI4IOBOSMO}HHOJIIIIIIb
ilptr qerKoM' nocJleAoBareJrbHoM pacllpeAeJleldnv ilx no SaIrflTIrflM Ir
lJraur{poBaHulr pa6orrr.
flpanr.nruoe nJraHrpoRaHrre, a cJreAoBareJrr,Ho,r{ ocBoeHrreAerbMr{
pasHbrx Br4AoB raao6paalrre.nrnofi AeflTeJrbHocrrr rr r(oHcrpyr{lJoBa-
Hr4tr saBrtcur or rleJroro pffAa ycnonufr, Koropbre neo6xo4ulro yvlr-
TT,IBATb.
I4ao6paarateJrbHyro AeflreJrbHocrr, B AercnoM caAy cJreAyer pac-
cMarpr.rBarb KaK oAr4H n3 paSAeJrOBB0cnrrrare;rrno-o6paeonarelr,nofi
pa6orr,r, B KoropoM, KpoMe cnequer.ruecr(r4x, peruaIorcR o6ulrae sa-
AaqI4' Ha[plrMep BoclI{TaHI4e caMocroflTeJrbHocrI{, aKTI4BHocrIr, TBop-
llecrBa, Qopuraponanrae yMeHr{q BaHrrMarbcfl, IIprrJrararr, BoJreBhre
ycrrJrr4tr AJIE BLInoJrHeHI4fl saAaHIIq, AoBeAeHrIff Haqaroro Ao ItoHIIa,
{opruraponaHr{e Henoropr,rx aJreMeHros v-re6Hofi 4eRre.nrnocru.
Kax olr,rn r4BpatAeJlou pa6orsr c AerbMl4 uao6paanre"nbHaflAe,r-
TeJrr,Hocrb AoJrlKHa 6rrrr recno cBflBaHa c ApyrrrMr.{ paBAeJraMr{,co
ncerl rxuenuo 4erefi B AorrrnoJrbnoM yqpemAeHr4r{. tr4 nperx4e ncero
c rrrpaMr4 4erefr, c KoHcrpyrrpoBaHr4eM,c pa60rofi no oanaHoureHr4ro o
onpylnarcqrrM, c paaBnrrreM peq[, qreHrreM xyAo?fiecrseHHofr rrlre..
parypbl, MyShrKaJrbHI'rMr4SaHsrrrtrMu. PaanoctopoHHqfl Bocrrr4TareJrb-
uaa pa6o'ra c AerbMrr coaAaer ro 6orarcrso rrpeAcraB.rrenufr,ry aMo,
qrroHaJrbHyro HacbrnreHHocrb, norpe6nocrb BbrpaSr{Tb cBon BIIeqar
JleHrrfl, 6ea Horoprrx HeBoBMo?nHopeilrr{Tr, BaAaqu lrso6paaurenr,uofi
AEflTEJILHOCTIT.
fIOATOUY,
COCTABJIflfl IIJIAH 3AHflTI{fl
IIO PTCOBAHI{IOi
JreIIfte, anIIJrr{Kaqrru rr KoHcrpyrrpoBaHr4ro, neo6xo4nuo rroMH14TbO
Bsar{MOCBfl3r4BCex pa3[eJroB BocrrrrrareJrrnoii pa6orrr. TaH, uporpanalra.
TIOCEHCOPHOMYBOCNIITAHI4IONPEAYCMATPI4BET PASBI'TIIEBOCIIPII'ITIT-g'-
4erefi, QopunponaHr4e trx [peAcraBJrennfi o {opue [peAMeroB, qtsere
14 OTTEHKAX, BETUIII4HE TA gP, OCYqECTBJIEHIIE CEHCOPHOTO BOCIIITAHIIS
HanpaBJreHo Ha ycBoerrr4e AerbMlr eraJIoHoB- o6r4ecrnenno nrrpa60-
TaHHbrx MepoH. c noTopr,rMrrcoilocTaBJrflroTcflBOC[prrHr{MaeMbrenpeA_
METbI.
Ceucopnoe Bocrrr4TaHrreilporrcxoAr{T B npoqecce cueqr4aJrbHoopra-
HIrsoBaIIHhIx IIrp I{ ynpaxueunii,
a TaK}I{e paBJrI{qHbIx BI{A0B 4etcHoii
AeflTeJrbHocur. floarouy, cocraBJrflE rrJraH aan.srurl no nao6paar.rte.nr-
Hoil AeflTeJrbHocrrr rr KoHcrpyr{poBaHr4ro, Ba}r(Ho rroMHr4Tr,, KaRr,re
rrpeAcraBJreHuq ycBor4rr.r Aerrr B Ar{AaKr14qecKrrx t{rpax, B Apyrux
AeflreJrbHocrnx, uro6rr, onrrpaqcb Ha ceHcopHrrfi onr,r:r 4erefi, o6o-
rautrarb lr yrorrHfrb ero nprr o6yveur.rr .r prrcoBaHrrro, JrerIKe, alr]Jrrrna-
Ilr4rr H KoH0Tpyr4poBaHrrro.
74
B Henotopux cryqaqx c AeTLMI{ rlpoBoAflTcfl cleql{aJlbHbre Ha-
6nrotrenI{tr oTAeJrbHr,Ix IIpeAMeroB IIJTITf,BJreHIIfi upupo4rr' co6ltrtlfi
n3\l\llS:P.ri^lpaccMaTpl4BaHlrefiapTIIHIrysopoB'qTeHI{eCHaSfirrlIJrIl
noHcrpyr{p0BaHileM.
Cocras;1qq 1rJIaHBoc[I{ratelruofi pa6orl'I B rpyrrrre' cJIeAyer IIMeTL
B Br.IAynoruqecrBo 3aHflrldft, KoTOpOeyKaBaHOHa Mec'Eq no Ka)fiAoMV
",
u"4o" nao6paaurenlnoii AerreJIbuocrIr Ir KoIrcrpylIpoBaHIrIo B
<flporpalrue BocllllraHl4fl B AercnoM caAvD'
'B
uepnori ula,4rueii rpy[Ile 3aHflrl4fl plrcoBa]IueM lr lennoii trpo-
Bo]lflTcfl co BceMIt AerbMI4 2 paea B IreAeJrK) B yrpeHHlre qacbl'
Bo nropofi unagureii n cpegnefi rpy[rrax aalrflrl4fl plrcoBaHneM Ir
JrerrHofi ,rpo"o4nrcx
1 paa
^B
HeAerro, a 3aHflru-s ailIIJIIrRaqI{eii II
KoHcrpyIrpoBaHI{eM - 2 paaa B Mecqq' PucosaHfle l'I riertna Ilo 3a-
,or"rry"4erefi
aan"MaeT rlpuMepHo IIOJIOBI{IIy saILsrIIfi. co a:ropofr
noJroBrrHblroAa B cpe4ueii rpyrrrre oAHo 3anflrl4e B MecflII orBoAlrrcfl
Ha AeKOpaTLrBHOept{coBalrlle.
B crapureft rpyn[e 3aHflrl4fl ptrcoBaHlreM fipoBoAnrctr 2 paaa n
""4"rrro,
;reunofri auuuHaqlrefi
u KoIIcrpyIrpoBaHIreM - 1 paa B
HeAeaIo. O4uo aanrrl{e B Mecflq orBoAIITcfl AefioparllBnoMy pl{coBa-
HIlIo,HeMeHee.oAHoIoSaHflTI{[JHaptrIcoBaHl{eIIoSaMbIcJIVlIoA-
HO- Ha JreIIKy rlo SaMbICJryAeTeI4.
Tnepgo ycraHaBJlr{Barb l{oJllrqecrBo BaHflTuI'I B MecflII rro [peA-
MeTIIoMyIIcrc}I(eTHoMypI4coBaHIIX]Hec.JIeAyeT'oTHocI{T()JIt,Hoe
KOJIIIqeCTBOTeX [I Apyr[x MOmeT MeHflTLCg'
B no4rorowrre.ttinoil
K rrlnoJre rpynfle K.JII4qecrBo saH-flr,nft e
Mecflq IIo KamAoMy Br{[y r43o6pa3uTentnofr AeflTeJIbIIOCTIIT0 ]I{e' [ITC)
[poBoArITI' Jre[Ky n aI[JII'IfiaIII4IO C HaTypbI'
B ula4url{x tpyrrrrax AerII pucyrcT KapaHAaruaMll I4 KpacKaMI{'
o[HaKO HeIrpaBI{JI}'HO r{epeAoBaTb 3aHflTI{-E B cTporoM ilopflAKe -
rrcIIoilbSOBaHI,Ie TOI'o IIJIII IIHOTO MaTep14aJIa AOJI)+(HOHaxoA[ITbCfl B

SABIICI,IMOCTIT oT COAEPE{AIII4'{ 3AI{'ITI4'I I,I NPOIPAMMHbIX TPE6OBAHI4fi:
B OAHr4 Mecflrlbr M0)fier rrpeo6JraAaTb prrcoBaHrre ftpacKaMr4, ts Apy_
u4e - KapaHAalrraMI{.
B crapureii r rroAroroBflreflr,'oi{ rpyil''ax Marepr4aJrbrAJIH prrco-
BaHIlfl pacIII14pflnrcfl: IIocJIe/loBareJIr,IIocrb Irx lrcrIoJrbBoBaHr{tr Ba-
BWAvr Or coAepE(ann n uao'pax{errr4fl r{ Bbrpailr4TeJrbHbrxoco6ennocrei.i
MaTOpTIaJIOB.
co4eprxanr.re Halfi/(oro na ea'qrfl ii cJreAyer [poAyMr,rBarb, r4cxoAfl
ue rpe6onannii rrporparralrur. Hrro6xoAr{Mo .laxlxe yrrr4rr,rBarrrTe Brrc_
qarJreHlrfl, ttoropble Aerr4 troJryrlanr B 4aHulri.i nepr{oA BpeMeHI4,Ira-
rrpr4Mep or na6trro;1enr.rii lprapoAr,r, oK pvlmarorqefi rnlranr.r.
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crpoeHr{e r4 IIpoIIoprlr4u. HaAo BHrrMareJrbHo orHocrrrbcf r{ }t qBeTy
Harypr,r. CnorHsrre IIBeToBI'renepexoAll nepe/Iarb rpyAlree' noaroMy
or6uparr, cJIeAyeT IIpeAMeTbr, o6parrleHHbre B JroHaJIbrlble IIBeTa:
Hpacnrrit MaK C qepHuri
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6o.naa poMaIIIKa, nt4JtosbtfiKo.no-
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cyTcTBr4fl HpacoTbr. flpeAruer AOJr?r{eHHpatsr{Tr,cfl,BblSbIBaTbSCTeTI{-
qeCHOeqyBCTBo, )I{eJraHI{e pt{COBaTbercl. Jlyurue B3flTt' AJlt{ plICOBaHr4fl
lo,IIeByIopoMaUlHy,rIeMpoSblI4reopr14HbIC0CJIOlltHblMIrcoIlBe-
,"rrt.
Br,rpaalrrensnocrb pI'IcyHRa,He olrpeAeJlflercr aQQenrnocrblo
npeAMeTa: xoporrro st,ltlorHeHHLli'i pI{cyHoK poMaIxKn BIITJI'rIAI{T
.nyuule, qeM IIJIOX0 Hapl4coBaHHafl po3a. Brr6npaa rlBerylqyrc BeTKy'
IOMH1{TS,qTo CJI911(I1OilepeAaT1 u.go6lr.nr.reqBeTOB,MIIOIOIIJIaHOBOCTI'
14x llocTpoeHl{9.
Hago lpo4yMaHHo orllocllTbcrI K ItocraHoBno llarypbl. Ona [o;rxr-
na 6srrr, pacnoJro?r(egarra olpoAoJrcHlroM paccroslrl.ru oT prrcyrcillero,
6r,rrs xoporuo ocBeIIIeHa. IIpn loc'ranoBfie IIpeAMera na6erafi're cJloltt-
rrbrx paKypcoB, no.r'opble TpyAHo r]epeAaTb,
-
IIeJILitt{llt0rO sa6rrsarb
n e pa6ore c AcrbMII. V.rurecs. I43o6pa?fiarb [poAMerIJl B roM ItoJIO-
EteHr{r{, B noropoM xopotuo tsIrAIrbI I{X OCHoBHbIeTIaCTI'I.
Ilu6pan [peAMer AJtfl pI{coBaHIIs, JIeIInI4, npo4ylraiiro, tlro Hy}tt-
Ho AJIn pa6tltsr, B fiar(oM Marepua!'Io nScr6paE(€]HuoAaHHoro lrpeAMe-
ra 6yi1cr Bl,rpasr{roJrbuee. F(apauAarrrr{
-rlJtrr
RpacHfi, afiBapeJrb t{JUl
ryarlrb, IJIuHa IIJII{ rlJIaOTl.IJtl{It- ttaXt4t'tli MaTepl{aJt ItMoeT Cnolr cstli'i-
crBa, r{ BHaHlIe ltx netl6xoglrnto.
Texnnna rya[rr,r t{ aKBapeJrr{ coBepxreHHtl pa3Jll{qHa. Annapc.ttt ,-
Hafl ITU4BOIJI{Cb
-
llTo }t{I{BoIIUCbIrpoSpaqEr,IMII KpaCKaMl{; ocHotsHl'Ic
oe csoiicrsa - l]po3paqHocrb, JIerKocrb, trficrora uBera. Be.rtnla s
a6BapeJrr4He IIpuMeHgIoTCl: 6OJIee CBeTJII'rftTOH lloJlyqaeTgfl IIyTeM
paB6aBJreHurr HpacKn no4oii. tr4uorga r{3MeHeHlre roHa BJrerrer 3a
io6oii re1{er{egr4e qBera; HanprrMep, cr4Jrbrropa36atsJreggafl KpacHaR
KpacHa Aaor poaoe trfi qBer, cLr:f'fltr- rory6oli,
rrepHaf - c,epl'lii.
85
84
t Mapnc I{. n Slrrerr<: O. J4u parIIInx ttprttr:rutrllettttii M.,
{9i-t6, c. 620

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noJrr.rqecrBeHpacoK ts Ha6ope MOlnHo [oJ]yqlrrb MHoro qBeroB.
lyaurr gaer rrJrorHbrfi, HertpoaparrHr,rrl crofr. IIpu pa6ote ry-
ailrbro B Kpacnr{ npu6auraror 6enlrra. Hanplruep,
.rro6br noryrlurb
rory6yro rra cr{Herl r4Jrr{poaoByro ua fipacHofi Hpacnn, rraAo fipacHyro
rrJrrr crrurcxl cMeilrarb c 6e.lrnlaur'1.
,(ln plrconaHntr anBapeJrblo Hylr{Ho AaBarb AerflM 6elyro 6yruary,
a ryambro Mo?r{HoprrcoBarb Ha 6eloii u qnerrrofi. 3uafl soaNao}+tHocrl{
I{ BbIpaBItTeJILHbIecpel(CTBa pasHbIX MaTepI4aJIOB'BbI IIpaBI4JIbHo
noAroToBrrTe r4x AJIfI saFlflTl{fl C AeTbMr4.
flocre roro HaH nr'r6pana narypa Ir oro6paHll MarepriaJrbl, He
uprrcl'yrrafl R pficoBarrnru, eil{e paB BIII{liareJrbHo l43yrr[Te flpolopqlrl{,
Sopuy rr Honcrpyltt(Illo [pe/IMera. tr4 roJIbKo yscHIrB Bce oco6eH-
Hocr?r Haryphr, HaqnHaiire pa6oty. 3autrMascl c AerbMI4, ranxre o6-
parqai.ite rlx BHrrMaHr{orta csoiicrBa npeAMera.
Ocuonnas BaAaqa pncoBanlrfl I{ JletrKIr- nepeAarl ua 6yrvrare
wJrw B rJrrrHe o6paa npc4Mera, coxpaHl{B ero xapanrepHylo QopMy,
rlBer, [ocrpooHx0. vuerrne 3a[oMr{Harb ceofrcrna npeAMera BLIpa-
6arrrBaercrr R pr{ooBaHr4r I,I JIeIIfio c Harypbl II rro IraMflua. finn
coBAaHr{fl RbIpaBItreJIbIIOro neo6pamoultfl Heo6xoAI4Mo rlpoAyMarb
.llrueiiHyxr rr rlReroByIo KoMIIo314rlI,Irtl:nrt6patu JII{cr oIIpoAoJIeHHoro
tpopuara, orrpeAeJI14Tr,paclroJro?fieHIreqacrei.r, lrx naauMoorHorrleHl,Ifl
Melr(Av c<t6oft v rrJrocl{ocrlK) Jrllora, BerutII{Hy uao6pax{eHufi, qner
rpoua ra qBer qacreii npe4lleta, uafittl rlx Baal4Mocnaar. flpu pa-
6ore natr unerosoli xoMrIoBIIrIlleil rrago vrrI4TLIBarb, tITo uMeer 3Ha-
qeHlr0 H0 roJIbKo KaqecrBo IIBera, Ho u er0 ftoJll{qecTBo. Hanplruep,
6o.nslrar Hpacrlar rIJIocKoc,TI'aHTI,ttsHee83a[lMoAeiicrByer c IIBero-
BrJMrd [3o6paE{eIII{.sMI4, qeM Ma.[eI{I]Kafl. Jlwuu.t, IIBer, ToH - Bce
AoJrlr{Ho6r,rtr rro;lvnlleHo cAI4IIoMy BaMLIcJIy.
H vxno oBJraAerb I,rlBocTnLlM MacreporBoru n ntr6ope IIBera rr
cocTaBJIeIIt4LrOTTeITHOB,HayqI,ITbCtr rIOJIyrraTL pa3IIIJIe oTTeHHI4 OA-
Horo rlBera, oMerurrBafl ftpacxr.I.
,[rn pa6orlr c IIBeroM ueo6xoquruo
sHaHr.re rIBeToBoro orrel{Tpa Ir rIop.sAfta ero nocTpoenun: Hpacultfi,
opauxreruft, mt-'grsti, eo .rrenrtii, rclry6oli, cuntlfi, (pllo.neronufi. Oc-
HoBHrno rlBera - Hpacur'rfi, xe;ttt'lii, ttunltii; [poMe]I{yroqHble -
opauxeolrii, ae .len;tii r tpno.rterontrii
roJlyqalorct{ lryreM cMelrreHlrn
ocHoBlrl,rx ( npacusr li f cl.rurali:Qlro,rerourrfr ; rpacHuii f xrentnfr :
opaurnerstfi; onnui4 lxtorrbrLi:senerrrr'rii).
Bce qnera cleHrpa IrMe-
roTcfl B HpacKax B roTotsoM BrlAe, 0AIIaKO AJIE rIOJIyqeHrr.HHylnHOrO
orreHfia M0lr{Ho cMeIIIarI) I{pacKII. TaH xe noJryqaloTctr II npoMeffiy-
TorIHr,roorrLrHfiIt LlBeroBoro crloRTpa: cuHe-BeJIeHblfi, xe.nto-aeJleHblfi
r{ T.!, . I[eera crrenTpa lleJlflTcr{ Ha xoJloAHr,reIr renJrble (xono4nue:
cranlrii, rony6oii u QLIoJIoToBI'tri;rerr.ttr,te:xte.rrnfi, opaHlneBblfr, Kpac-
usrii). Ocrarr,nrre qBera Moryr 6r'trr' TcIrJIoro r{Jltr xoJloAuoro orreH-
Ka B BaBucr.rMocrII or roro, Hanclli IIBer B IreM rlpeo6JraAaer. Bce
rlBera clreKTpa IIpnHflTo Iras['IBarb xpoMaTIlqeoKIiMl{, a 6elrtfi, uepurrfi
r4 BCe rorra ceporo - axpoMarl4qocKlrMl,t. Arpontarnuecxue
qBeTa
narlr' 6<lrarcrBo ronoBl'r\ orHotueHnii, xclropoe HaAo IIcIIoJIbSoBarb.
86
Cocrasrqq rlBeroByro KoMrroBIrIInrc pa6orr'r, tlpeffiAe Bcero lrcxo-
Atrr r4B coAeplr{aHr{tr rI BaMblcJIa. TaH, ecnlr nu[Ierc.a l]TrcA, To rlary-
pa 3aAaer r{BeroByrc raMMy. A ec.nn coSAaercfl cp}I{crHafl KoMlIOs[I-
ur{.s, To r{ilIercs IIBeroBat{ HoMIIOBtrqrntr,rran6o;ree rlo"lrllo Bbrpax{alo-
rqafl BaMblce"rr.I4ao6pa)fieHl4e coJIHerIHoro JIerIIcro 4nn rpe6yer cBer-
Jrbrx, paAocrllblx coqeraHuii. A (orAa R cna3ne, IIo MorI{BaM Koro-
poii coagaetctr ItoMlIoBI,Ir(nfl,I'oBOllr{Tcn o rpetso}nHoM I4JrI{rpycrlroM
Co6btTtlu, TOT ]rte netnurli rrefieaX AoJI]I(eH6rtrt, peuretl B UBeTe nHa-
qe. R crctnersoit ltolrnrawr\vtr BoaMolt(eH orxo/I or HarYpLl, o6rt6u1e-
Ht4e. e0Jll{ ero HV}i(H() /UIH AOCTII?+(OHLrt{
Bhlpa3l,{TeJlbHOcTrr.
llpu uog6ope Kpacon t't c,ocraBJIeHI,IlrorreHxon neo6-xo4uMo rloM-
Hrrrb o TOnoBbIx 0THOIIeHI,ISX: He BCCTAa IIBeTa AOJI?r{HbI6Strr.
oAuHaKoBo
.f l p l{IIMII
I{ HaCbIIIIeHHbIMII
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II MHnI{I{MII.
Coqeranne flpftIrx I{ cnonollHblx ItrBeroRAacr roHoBoe paauoo6paet'te
pl4cyHHa. 3ro Hyrxuo yrlflrbIBarb rIpI{ [og6ope rlnerrtclii 6vuarr't,
Koropafl qacro I{croJlbaye}rctt AJrfl pI{coBaHnfl, TaR HaK IIBer 6ylraur -
oAr{H I{3 r(OMIIOHeHTOBIIBOTOBOIIIr TOHOBOI{KOMIIOsI'IqIrI4pI4CyIIKa.
Hanpnuep, na uefirpalbnoM cepoM Qone xopouro cMorpflrcfl Ha-
cbrqeHHble IIBera: npacHrrri, xtelrr,rii, roly6oii, 6e.nstii, utlpnnri, a
Ha rpHo-rony6ou
KpacHI'rii, ecreurrii qBer HaAo IIclloJILsoBarb
ocTopo?r{Hee.
'l'ulare.nsur,tli ro11(rop I{Bera Ba}+(cH rlc} ToJIbno It pIIcoBaHrlI{. Ho
ra B anrlJrrrnaqnn. Artnll{Kallnfl, fiafi il plloyHon, crpol4Tctt rro SaKo-
nan ;runelinoii u IrBerostlil Hounoguurlll. l'o'ronlcs H 3arlflrl4x], Hyxt-
Ho pa3Jro)+(rrrbpaBHbIe qntlra 6yuaru, urt6part natr6o.rrce KpacIlBLIe,
coorBercrrlvruilltte roMe coqeranllH. Llrtpcaan ltao6paxrcnun, cJrcAyer
pa3Jrorrrrrrr,14x FIa JIIrcTe 6ylrarr, rrpoauaJIt{;]lIpoBarr,, KaH ollt4 oMor-
pfl"rctri Bepell JIr'{ IIBer, pa3Mop, Qopua. c lepnoro pasa Mo}+{Ho I4
ne rrolyvn'rr, lfieJlacMbIfi peaynsrar. I{yxrrro rroupo60uarb I{3MeHl4Tb
Qopry, rlBer l{Bo6paxreuui;i nJttr wx pac-ItoJlo}fieHl4eHa Jtllcre. 14nor-
Aa SaMOHaHaKOU-TOAeTarI{ lroMO}I{eTHat{TI{ BblpaSIrTcJIbHoepeIIIOHI'Ie.
flocle oKoIIqaHI{tI pa6orr,r c.rreAyer IIpoaHaJlI'l3IrpoBarr- ee , BLI -
qCHuTb, yAaJIoCI' JIII pCtIII4TL IIOCTaBJIt)IlHyXlsaAaqy' oTMeTlITb' B
rIeM HeAOCTaTKI4Rblrror'IHeHHOI'Opt{cvHHa, JIeIIKI{, aIIIIJII{KaIII|X.
Bonrrl6e BIraqeHlIe I{Meer oBJIaAoIlrc rt'xttttnoii pl4coBaHl'ltl,JIetr-
Kr{, a[r]Jrrrnarlulr. I{yxtgo HayqllTbcg IIpasuJIl'Ho /(ep}fiaTb KapaHAaIII,
Kr{c,Tb,HOHHr{{rrl; VMerb cno6oArro, refHo, ytsepcIII{o pa6orarb I{MI{.
Flerrpanlrnrnoe, cJII{IIlltoM }latlpt{}+toHIIOo loJIoE{cIIlI0 cltoRI'IBaeT
ABr{}+(eHr,rflpyKlt, l(eJIaeT I{x Tt{11teJIblMI4,yfJIoBaTblMI{, OTqeIo naO6pa-
)fieHr{e rIoJ]yqae.l'cfl rrecotseprrreHnr,ru .Heo6xoAr4MO OtsJraI0Tb paSHo-
g6paarrr,tuu ttpt{eMaMt4 pa6oTI'I KapaHAaIII9M l{ I{14CTblg:yMeTI) pl{-
rIVT+{HOMHOI'O vrrpalr{Htll'Lcfl, paSRlrlrafl pyKy I',I rJraB: fIoJreSI{Olla-
87

pl{ooBarb Kpyru pasHr,rx pasMcpoB, rerHo rroB0paquBafl pyny cJreBa
HanpaBo u cflpaBa rlaJreBo; Hapr4cotsaBHecKoJIr,Ko tlpqMoyroJlbHnltoB,
BaKpactlTb l,rx, rrocTerrc'Hrr0 yBcJrJ{qr.IBaflcr{JIy Ha}r(r4Ma TaR, rIT06bI
IrocJreAHr{r; 6rr.n calrulr HacbrrqeHHr,ru . 9ro6r,r Hayqr.rrr,crr pa6orarr,
HoHlloM Kr{crlt, xopollo lopr4couarb lrayrtrrry, rpyxenHori
yaop.
Banrno flayuflrr,crr afiKypal'no aaxparrrrBarr, lrao6paxeunfl ftapaH-
AaruoM r.rHpacxoii, rre Br,rxo/{nBa JrnH[r14Korrrypa, rrpoBoAr lrrrpr{xrr B
o/(rIoM HarJpatsJrcHt{n,6clr npocReror}, r4orroJrr,ayfl,xorAa rryxtHo, paa-
Hl,rii IraE(ltM rra KapaHAaur.
ltnctr,xl uortpr,rBarr, rIoB0pxI{ocrr) Hy}rtHo pots}Io, 6ea tto4renon,
ts oAHOM na[paBJrQ]r14n,H0 rrponJra/IrrDatr ltpacKy rrecKoJIbKo pa3 IIo
oAHoMy 14 ToMy ?r{e Mecry. Flo.nl,:ln rrrrcarr, cyxofi Kncrbro - oHa
/loJr?rura6r,rrl, nacr,lu1eHa Kpacxoii ra ao4ofi. L{e.rrecoo6paaHorroJlbao-
Barbcfl AByMrr nr4c1'rrMt4:6o,irr,rnuc rroBepxHocrrr ilofipbrBarr, xpyrnofi
K14orbx), a Me.tKne AeraJrn rrpoprJcoBbIBarb KoHrIoM ronxoii Kr,rcrr,r.
L)r.na4eHre rcxnnHoli nao6paxrenrnfl Aacr nollMolnHocrb yqr.rrb Aereiil
tlpaBI,IJtLtIbrMIIpI4eMaM pr,rCOBaIIUff.
Ouqyruuux pcayJrr,raroR R prrcoBarrnn r4 Jreune MolnHo Aocrr{rnyrb
TOnbHO rrplr cr4cTeMaTuqeoKoft, trocJreAORaTo,IIIbrr0ffpa60Te, Helneg
orparrt,rrr14Barhcl rrpop14ooRnoii xan Mo]f(Ho 6olr,nrero KoJrr4qecrBa
oT[0"rlrrHbrx ilpcl(MeTor]: rry]firro iloHtrTb 3afioHoMOpHocTr4rrocTpoeHr,tfl
rleJrbrx rpylnr, cnflrlaHHbrx oupc/IoJr€)Illrt,tMr{ oBoiicrBaMrr.
Balxnr,ru B uo^roroBlto Bocnural'o,[fl It pa6or:o c Aerr,MI4 flBJlfor-
crl oRJIa/trotlt40rIpafi1'ilqocHI{ML{IIaBLInaMI,I TlBIOTOIJJ].eHI,Ifi
tIOAeJIOfir43
pilttJlr4t{Hr,rxMilT(}pl{aJrorJ(6yruarr,OoJloMbr, rrrltlrroK, BeToqeH, Mxa
n r. lr.). Ila4o ilavq14rr,os ooa/(aBarr,rrocrtrloiixu r.rs Ha6opoB crpou-
TorJrrrr{brxMarepr{a,'rou. lJco r)1't{yMo}u4tr uoBBoJrfror l}ocnr,ITareJIIo60-
Jl0() Coi'lOplfiaTOJII'Hot4 TtsOpr{o(lKItOTpOI'lTl,l-}aHtlTl4flC ACTtM14.
'fax,
ymtnue coauareJn,Ho 8r,1614parbr{itrypy Heo6xoA}rMo w alrfl,
ltporJo/loHr,rfi3anfl1'14i.io /[orrrMr{. He sclrr,ri,i ilpollMeT AeTr4 MoIyT
14iJo6pa:l14rbc flaTypr,i, lropo^arr ()ro orpoor{14(,} ,L{BeT, xapaHTepHbre
oco6(trilroorr.r. 0ro c"rr<l71yeryqr.{Tr,rBarr,,or614parr rrpe,r\MerAJrfl prrco-
ttitilt4fl. []amlt0 ]Bn/(r,Trr 14il0,|1ri1;11611V'ilr
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4ornu. flpra
ilo/\I'o1'oIrr() 14 rrpoB()/loHr,rn:raHttr,ri,io /l(rTr,Mr{, paBBr,TTl414
I4x rIBeTo-
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rtil?lilro rrcJroJrr,ilorlitTr,3HaHufl r4 HaBr,rKr.r,qvBcTBo rlBOTa, BbIpa6oTaH-
nr,r(rr| (rlM(xrrolr(rJlbr{oi.i'rnopuc<tHor,ipa6tlrtr.
lllrrrrx;1o rr()MIaBarb /l0rrrM Kpacru,r/IJrrl pl,roor]aHr,rrr ,rlcJrocoo6pas-
no o/[o.rarr, i)(]Kl,ll, ttaii:ru rlB('T{}Rrrrr'orl{orrleuntt.
l3 pucrlnanlril 14 JronH0 Ba)fitro rrpatsuJrbrlo nocraBr{Tr, BaAaqy r,r
pailpornr{Tr, oo . Vuouue ar'raJrr{B14poBarr,pcavJrr,Tarbr cBoefi pa6orbr
noBrJoJr14TB AaJrbHcilrrreM rBopqeoK14 alra!'rr,rBr4poBarr,pa6orr,r 4ereii.
UpaHtlruccnr.ro yMonlrr /(aAyr tsoilMolr{Hocrb lrpoq)cccr.ronaJrbuoI{ co
Br{yooM cIo.[aTr, Ho()6xo/lrrMr,ronoc06r'rfl.
I I) uoroguno o6yuculrn
rryro pa6ory, rlr,rrroJrr0rraJlx
puoyHltoM; IIaMH Irpr4HrrTaTa
88
lIOrrrKoJrrlIrnKou nao6paar.rrolbHoii AeflTerbrlocrI,r Bcfl-
oHa ts rIBOre trJrr{ cpe/IcTBaMr,r pI,1cyHKa, HasbrBaroT
}I{e TOpl\{r,tHO!'l()rl{fl,
Bocnurarelb Aerc1oro caAa yqacrBycr ts oq)opMJIOHI4I,1
l,tgrcpl,Opa
rpy[rroBoii HOMHarLl, BecrI{6rcJItI, 3aJla.
Baxno Ilprr DT0M rrponBilTb csoi.i .trr,rqrrsriinnyc 14sr.laHue cTarrHo-
BOro [r Aexoparr,rBrroro r{cnyocrtsa. orAeilbHbre AcraJru oq)opMJroHlrf{
MolItHOtstJIIOJIIIl{TbCaMl{M. tr4r'rOrAaIIOJIeiJHoltpIItsrtoKaTbIt )Toii pa6o-
Te r{ [cTeii. oco6oc srraqcrrr{0 3TO l,rM0oT AJlrr coJl,cKr,rx ilr}TcKr,rx
caAoB, cBoeo6paBlIe trllropLepa Koropl,lx rpe6yor cllo{x(pllqocKoro
oQopMileHrfl.
He O6naareJrr,Hb yI{pa[taTr, CTOUbr HapTnHiIMu: t4tlor'/la Mo]Fttlo
ItC11OJIbSOBaTb .IIJIfI l)TOfO aIlllJII{ttaqUl{
14 CII0lll'itlJI bllO ttl,l IIOJIIIeIIH In0
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: lTr.rua lrtt
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I1oaroruy BaAatru rl{)ABeAeHr{rr4crei.i x rIoHrrMatt) t{Bo6paar{TeJlbHoro
oMblcJla ileficnsui4 pynlr c HapaHAaIrIoM peulaorca I,I B IIarIaJIo IIpo-
6srsauus pe6euxa n rrepeoii MJraAlnoii rpylnle.
93

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$ l. XapaxreP PxcoBan)raV gereX
or2go3ner
Bnepurreopranrr3oBaHHoe
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pe6ennan uao6paanrelr'-
uoii Aenrenbrrocrlr Haall{Hacrcfl, KorAa MarbIIIrIt rrocrytlalor B flepBylo
MJraAruyo rpy[rry Aercxoro caAa, floaroMy tlporpaMlta o6yueulra n
aroii rpyutte orIeFIh HeBeJIIlHa.
,[eru rpcrlelo roAa ]filraHII orJluqalorcfl ot 4eteii BToporo roAa.
Onr.r 6onee aRTuBHbI, crpeM.rrrcfl H caMocroflTeJr['HblM gefrctulrnru c
npeAMeraMrr rr Marepr{aJIalru; o6orarlaercfl SarIac I4x rIpeAcraBJIe-
trnii, paanuBaerctr perlb; oHll lrpoflBJlflIor 6onlrrtoii I4Hrepec H pI{-
COBAHI{IO.
Heo6xo4lrruo BoctllrrblBarr y 4er:eri c caMoro rlaqaJla orHoIIreHI{e
K l)ucoBaunru KaK x uao6paaure,rr,noii Aet{TeJlbHoctn, no6ymgarb Irx
K coaAaHr{}o o6paaon [peAMeroB u ssJleHuft onpymaloqero.
Ha4o nayunrr, pe6enHa aanreqarr, HaHeceEHbIe na 6yuary urpl{-
qecce sHaKOMCTBaCroKpyxta()rqefi x[anr,ro. Bsaqane qallle Bcero Ha
BOIIpOC BOCIII{TaTeJItrMaJIbtIrt OTBerIaeT }4O;trlaHfleM. ltO U IIOHflTHO'
raK HaK pe6enclH HC CraBlt,[ repeA co6ofr qelr qro-ro HapIICOBaTb.
Ho garHe r(orAa pe6cuon Harrr{HaeT rroHr{MaTb, qTO ftapaHAaIIIOM,
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B neplro4 or 2,5 4o 3 .ne'r Aer[ Haqlinalor AaBarI' HaBBa]IIre
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[peAHaMepeHrro roBropl4rh pilcyHox, n Qopue Horoporo c.nyvafrHo
6uno nafi4eno cxoAcrBo, ofl elqe He Mo)fier.
Cxolcrso prrcyuna c [peAMeroM AJIfl pe6euxa ocHoBaHo Ha [pI4-
3HaKe IIBeTA nrtl xapaHTepe [porIsBoAI4MbIx B rlpoqecce pl4coBaHl4ff
gelrxeur.rfr (4uu u4er, Ma[rI,IHa rloexaJla ra r. ,q.).
,(eficrnun pe6enHa eule Heltpol{BBoJIbHbI, on 4efrcrnyer He rro
BapaHee HaMeqeHHoMy BaMbIcJry.Haveptun na 6yuare lru.nwu, oH y?r(e
IroroM IlaxoAnr cxoAcrBo c rrpeAMeraMI4 IrJrrI t{BJleHI4flMI4.Vcranos-
JreHr{rocxoAcrBa rroMoraer Borlpoc <Ha .ITo eto uoxolxe?>l
He y ncex 4ereit npoqecc. yBHaBaHI{fl BoJHI{Kaer oAIroBpeMeHHo.
HeHoropsre AoJIroe BpeMfl orpanlruranalorc.fl IrHtepecoM K ABIr?fieHI4flM
KapaHAarrroM rrJrrr Hr4crLIo uo 6yuare. Onra o6bI.IHo Morrlar Bo BpeM-fl
prdcoBarrrrfl.Bocnplrntne cJIeAoB y Hr{x eule cna6o paBBI4To.Te xe
94
Aerrr, Itoropble paHo HaxoA.trT cxoAcrBo cBoux pI{cyHKoB c o6.ntrnou
[peAMeroB, o6rrqno rrpo-flBJrflrorpeqeBylo aKTrrBHocrb. Onr,r npucranr-
HO BCMaTpTTBaIOTCI{
B HaHOCI{MbIeIrMrr IXTpI{XU rr ilflTHa.
Hecounenno, 6ollnroe BHar{eHI{eAJIf, rlolrnMarllrfl cBoero pficyH-
Ka r{Meer paccMarpuBaHI{e IrJrJrK)crpaqlrfi B HHrrrax, B uporlecce Ho-
TOpOTO BspOCJrbre pacHpr,rBaIor coAep,fiaHrre lrao6paxaeuoro,
n0-
MoraIOT CpaBHI4TI'eIO c peaJlbHr,rMr{tIpeAMeraMII.
Cregyrorqlrna DrarroM 6y4er rro4neAeHne 4ereri H ocoBHaHHoMy
[oBTopeHr4ro paHee rroJryqnBrrrrrxctr urrpExos. Sror ararr trBJrfrercfl
oqeHb Balr{Hr,rMB oBJraAeHI4uuao6parreHlreM: oH IrosBoJIIrt n lannofr
rpyrrne rr B rlocJIeAyIorqeri BocllpouBB()Ar4Tb B pIlcyHKe HecJIo;'I{HbIe
rrpeAMerbr14flBJreHnfl(no nomaay BocttilTaroJtr r.r6ea Hero): Aolr(.tll4x
Haflaer, cHe?+(onlrAer, JrI{crotIIiLI Jlerflr, pyvefinr renyr I{ 4p. fio.ns-
rrroe BHaqeHue nplro6peraer cJIoBo, onpeAeJlr{rcqee [peAMerHoe co-
Aep)fiaHrre pr{cyHKa.
3a ro4 ABIr?fieHIrfl,coBep[IaeMble pynoii pe6enHa c KapaHAaIIroM,
AeJrarorcf eHepruqHce, paanoo6paauee. Pe6enoK yll{e IIpeAHaMepeHHo
MO)fieT [poI{3BOAI{Tb Ir rloBTopflTb oIIpoAe,lerIHLIe ABrr}+(eHIIs,Harlpu-
Mep BparqareJrbHble (uacro accoqlllrpylorctr c ABI'Ilr(eHI{eMH.ny6on
4urr.ra); oAHoHaIrpaBJIeHHr,le (accorllrupvlorcs 0 AoporaMI'I, AItIrEte-
Hl{eM noe3Aa, ualu unut) .
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cKaM, AaBaeMr,rMrrM Ha 3aHflTrrflx. oAnaHo 6onHuuncrso 4erefr, Hax
fipaBr{Jro, caMrr He MeHflror fiapaHAarx B rrporlecce pncoBaHlrfl. Cnaena
r(apaHAalrra ocyilIecTBJrfleTcfl MaJIbITIIoMJIrrIIrb IIo HittIoMIrlIaHl4rc BOC-
nrrrareJlfl. 14ro;rrHo rrocrorrcrrHo, xoA p-vKoBo/IcrBoMrloAarora ]IHTepec
K IIBeTy CTaHOBT{TCflaftTI{BHI,IM .
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rlflTHa, Maanrr Br,rBbIBaIor y 4ererl paBJrIrrIHr'Ie accoIIIraIIrIIr. r{acro
B HI,IX AeTrr ySHaIOT OrIepTaHrrflSHaHOMOTOIIpeAMeTa OOJIbIIIeTOI{JrIr
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rlBera, MaJrbrru saMeqaer: <3ro y MeHR cJrou)). IIpn rIoBTopHoM
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6euox, Baxparnr,rBaflne6onrurofi nlrcr ro;ny6oro qBera rtpacnoit Hpac-
nofi, ronopur: <HaplrcoBaJl IIBeroKD.
Pvcyn Kpacr{aMlr, pe6enoH oAIrrrM qBeroltr,lM rIflTHoM I4Meer Bo3-
MolnHocrb IrepeAaBarb o6paa npe4ueta. Bu6npaa HaHofi-lu6o qne,: ,
oH erqe He cBflBr,tBaer nrr6op c coAeplxaHueu lreo6paxtaeMoro, xorfl
qacro cryqaii:no nasrr,tii qnet. 6rrc'rpo poll{Aat'r accoulraqllo ( <4r'ru>r,
(oroHb), (coJIHbrrrrKo) [r IIp.,].
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TaMr{ rro paarutrHbrM rrpr4BHaKaM:rro rIBery, ABr{}fieHr{ro,Sopnre. Ta-
firre acco{uaqrrr{ Hy?nHo fioolrlpflrl'.
,(nn pe6enHa 2 ler pI{coBaHIre rIflTcH, MailKoB IrocI{T yBJIeKareJrl-
nsrfi, urponofi xapaHrep. Sror ilpoqecc Mox{rlo Haatsarb aJleMelrrapHo
acrerrrqecnrrM, TaK KaK qpnue MaBKI{ BbIBbIBarory pe6enna paAocrl',
BoJIHeHI4e, )r(eJraHr4eerue paB [oBTopIITI ;leiicrnnn, c reM -rto6u
BHOBb yBI{AeTL I{x peByJIbraTLI Ha JIIIcTe.
95

$ 2. Ilporpaal a Bocnxtanxe x o6yrrerrn
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6paaUrentUOiil
AefTeJIbIIOCTII,
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saMeqaTb TO, qTO OH IIOHasLIBaeT B p[rCyHKe, Haprl{Ire; Qopuupo-
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paBBI4Barb ABIr]fieHI{fl pyx, 4o6lruarbcfl
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oAHOpOAHI'IC ABHII{eH [rfl.
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CJIOBE.
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(trlrrarr,) croii pncyHon, a sareM saMeqarf, unoroo6paa[e pncyHKOB'
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luoMrroSurlr.rrc,paAyfl Aereii cBotIM pI4rMOM, flpHoCrblo IIBera'
[Ia eanqruRx p[rcoBaHllena 4ereii o6yuaxlr paarllqeHuK) rIBeroB:
KpacHoro, ?I{eJITOIO,3eJIeIIOl'O,CI{HerO- fi. UX IrpCAHaDIepeHHOMyl{c-
rloJrbSoBaril{o B llpollecce pflcoBaHun. fletn qacro llo flprrl]IlaKy l{Bera
Aaror uao6parxenuro KaHOc-JrI46o HasBaHIle ( <rpaea>, (qBeroK),
(coJtHhttrl]to,ru r. A.).
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Hnrr rlBeroBhrx nfirell, xapanrep lurplrxoB. tr4aonpymarorqefr 4efrctnra-
TeJrbHocTI{OU UU6flpaer raKlre flBJIeHIrfl, KOTOpr,leAeTl{ Moryr Ilepe-
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rypoM. flerlr pucyror, KaH naAalor lrrrcrbfl, uAer AolnAI4R IIJII{ cHe-
lr{on, BBer{r{TBeceHut{fl KarreJlb, 6eryr pyultl.
96
I4tan, na 3auflTl'Iflx plIcoBaHI{eMAerefi ItoAIroAflT}t lroHrIMaHuIo
r""o, *to [pocrefrrul4e noll6ranaqu%rr43ITITpI'IXOB'rr3 sOpM ]IeolpeAe-
JreHHOroItorrrypa Motyr qro-To uao6pamarl
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rJbIpa)fieHrllo71euc'tBr{glr cBflsHoto coAep?nauIrn' Ilpoqecc coBAarIIdtI
crorrerHoro pl4cyH$acloeo6paaeu: noe-q{o pn6"l:1". -To6Paxaer' no
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Rocrrurarerb paapeilaer nrrfiru ItB-Ba croJla torrly pe6euxy, no:ropr'rft
6olsure He xoqer pr4coBarb I{JrIr JreIrI{Tb - B eroft rpy[rre etr{e Her
crpo ro peuraM eHrr4ponanH ofi IIp oAoJrl+(r{reJrr,Hocrrr sal'1.ttTrtfl. ocso6o-
Ar.{Brrruecrr Mecra roroB.Er K aaHflrl{Io co cJleAyror{efi no4rpynuofi.
flocreueuno Aerrr [prlBr,rnaror K roMy, qro B onpeAeJreHlroe Bpe-
Mfl npoBoA.srctr BaHflTrrg. Muorue I,rB HI4x cpaay aaI{I{MaIor Mecra Ba
croJraMrr. flo4rpynnr,r
BaHI{Manulrlxcfl Mofyr oKaaarbcfl IrepaBHbI-
Mr4- 3TO He AOJrlr(HOCMyIrIaTb rleAaf0ra.
Bo nropoii noJroBr{He roAa Bce Aerrr oxoruo BarrrrMarorcfl BMecre.
9acrr [paBrrJr, Koropbre HyE{Ho co6rroAarb Bo BpeMfl sar{flrufl, AerH
ocBorlJlrr, lr aro o6;rerqaer BocrrrrrareJrlo pyxoBoAcrBo Bceft rpynnofi.
,I{.nlrre.nr,uocrb 3auflTrrfl Moxrer 6urr paarnunoft 4nn orAeJrbEbrx
4creil. Ilo-npexrreMy oAHr{ Moryr BaxanqrrBarr pa6oty paublrre, [py-
rr4e qyTr, rro3)I(e.
v nercii BocrrrrTbrBaercfl r4Hrepec K AarrHoMy Br{Ay AeflTeJrbr{ocrr4,
)r{cJrarrr{0trcnpo6onarl, cBolI cll'lbI B MaHIlrIyJIt{pOBaHlrt'rc TeM I{JIU
/IpyrrrM Marcpr4aJroM, ilpllBblrlHu oflpeAeJleHrroro rloBcAelrufl B rlpo-
I(ecce 3arrflTnfl u ts o6paIIIeHI{i{ c Marep!ra,{aMl{.
Ha nepnrrx BaHrrrl{flx plrcoBaHueM rytllrle AaBarb [erflM Qnonra-
crcpr,r r{Jrr'rrlBerrrble HapaHAaIxu. MalrtruaM Hy}rtHbl MflrKIre KapaH-
Aar[u qepHoro, KpacHolo, clrHero rI BeJIeHoro qBeroB. tr4a o6r,rqnoro
na6npa ts [recrb rlBerrrblx Hapan4arueit cHatlara qeJlecoo6paaHo Aa-
Barb noHTpacrHble: xpacnuft r,r uepnr'rfi, a BareM Tanlfie clarr4fi. m se-
,renr,rfi KapaHAarrrrr. ?fferrrtfr rl fioplrqHeBbtft KapanAamI4 BHarlare
flyqilre coBceM He AaBaTL.
98
He cne4yer cuerrr4rb cpasy nocJre nepBhrx saHtrTr4r pECoBaHI4eM
rapaEAaruaMrr AaBaTb n"trll Kpacr(r4. oqens Ba)fiHo, rrro6ll y gerefi
HeMHOTOsaKpeurJlcfl crloco6 pucoBaHutr HapaHAauraMlr'
floc;re rpex-alerl'Ipex 3ag.f ,Tl4fr pt{coDarll{eM KapaHAaIrroM Mo?+(Ho
nepefiTrl r( pr4coBaHuIo HpacnaMIr. Ha nepnou rr{e SaHf rIrI4 HaAo
troHa3arb AerflM, r{aH ocropoxno
o6uafiHyrb nl4crl' BceM BopcoM B
Kpacny (xracrra rreAaror_npeABapr{reJlbHo cMaqlrBaer B BoAe' I4Haqe
*pu"^u 6y4er uJroxo na6uparrca), HaH OrTfiaTb BOpC HIICTII o Hpafi
6isoqxu c Hpacnofi r4 rrocJre aToro pl{coBarb. Bce [pI4eMbI rloJrbso-
BaIIr{fl npaC11OIl IIaAO nOKaSI'IBaTb I{ IIaIIOMIIHaTIT HeOAHOftpaTHO II
IIpe?I(Ae Bcero TeM AeTflM, noTopble c TpyAoM OBJIaAeBarcTHaBI-IXaMU
pr{coBaHr4.s . Teu }Ite, KTo AefiCrByer BepHo, HarroMr4Harb He Hy}I{HO,
qtO6rr He JIAIIIaTT, r4X CaMOCTO.flTeJIIHOCTI{,He rlpllyqatr, 4eitCtnonatl
JrtrrIIb IIO yKaSaHr4IO.
Ha uepnou BaH.flTI,IIlJlyqrrre Aarb BceM AerflM Hpacry oAuoro qBe-
:ra, uro66 He oTBJreI(aTbBHr4MaHr4eHa rIBeT, a cocpeAoToql4Tb e1o
Ea cnoco6ax pa6orlr Hrrcrl,ro. Ha cleAyroqeM 3aHflrr{I4 MO?I(HOBCeM
AaTb EoByIo KpacHy. Jlnrur, KorAa AeTI{ HeMHOro ocBoflr [pI{eMbI pI{Co-
Barr4JI, Mo)ItIto IIa 0AIIOM 3aHflTI4I{ CTaBIITI Ha paSIIbIe CTOJIbIpaSIIyrc
KpacHy, r4, xorfl KalnAblfr pe6eHoK pl{cyeT r(pacKofi oAHoro qBera,
BCe prrcyEnl{ noryqaroTcfl pasHoo6paausrura. 3areu Ir Ha oArIH croJl
roroBflT HpacKlI AByx-rpex I{BeroB.
He cne4yer 6oantcn, qro Ha KaHoe-ro BpeMfl cHldsl{r0fl aKI(y-
parrrocrb pl4cynHoB. flocrenenno
rIoA pyKoBoAcrBoM BocIrIdrareJlfl
fl,etnu upeAJIaraerc.E o6paBHoe coAeplr(aHHe' r(oropoe Mo?nHo
rrepeAaTb rrpocTbrM rrpIIeMOM (IIpIIMaKI{BaHI4flD (IIpI4KilaAbIBaHUfl
I{prcTr,rBopcOM X 6yrtlare): ((JIIIcTOIIKII IIoJIeTSJII4c AepeBbeB)), (3a?fi-
?fieM B ItOMe orHI4D, (IIO[reJI CHe]fiORD, (HaplrcyeM flpnlle QouapuHtl
IIa eJr6e)) I{ T. II. 3Tu}r aaUflTI{EM IIpgAIIISCTBVTOTna6lrO4eu1rR Rue-
nufr upupoAll, onpyx(aloqefi xtlI3HIr.
IIo uepe ycBoeHrls nprreMa npI4HJIaAbIBaHI4fl Klrcrl4 K oyMare
BceM BopcoM IraAo IIpeAocTaBJIflTb AeT'{M BosMo}I(HocTb [o,'Ib3oBaTl,cfl
errrM [pr4eMoM Ar-E nepeAaql4 paSilutlHoro coAep?fiaHrrfl:
-
Bo atopolt rIoJIyroAIlI{ Boclr{rareJlb noABoAl4r Aerel{ H npocrel4-
rueMy lr3o6paffieHr4ro, HaMeqafl onpeAeJreHHbre Ar4AaKrr4qecKr{e saAa-
Hr4fl, IIa[pIIMep: HapI4CoBaTb HI{TOqfiI4 K nsg6pa711eHIIbIM BOCIII{Ta-
TeJIeM rrIapI4KaM I{JII4 AOpOE{I(II, IIO KOTOpbIM noKaTflTCfl HapI4COBaH-
Ilhlo BOCIIIITATETEM
MflTIU; CTYIEHbITI4 AJIfl JIECTHIIIIbI II ITP'
99

Bo nropofr [oJroBr,rHeroAa rraAo rrpo[oJr?r(&T[3a]rtrTr,rrr,rla KOTO-
pbrx AeTrrpr4TMUrrHoHaHOCflTlra 6yMary MasRUrlpKoro {ucra. Boc-
rrr4TaTeJIbIIpeAJlaraeT AeTt{M yKpacIITb IfITHI'IIIIKaMU IIJIaTbIIqe KyK-
ile, [rarorreg I{JII{ py1aBl4rr1ty. !,etrl ounoJrrlflmT BCg aril 3aAagl'rfl c
yAoBoJrbcTBI,IeM.
$ 4. Merogbt x nPher bl o6yqeHhr,
pyr(oBoACrBoprcoBaHxer
,{,rn ocyrqecrBJleul{fl ocHoBHoIl saAaqu - rIoABecrI{ Aerefr K 11306-
pa)fi eHrrro - BOc[I{TnreJI b I4ClrOJIbSyeTpaSrut{HHo IIpl{eM bI o6yqeHl'Ifl .
Bonruroe Mecro B o6yrleHltn pI,IcoBaHIIlo 4ereii nepuoii runa4ruefi
rpyilIrbl IIaHIIMaeT rOKaS IIpaBI4JIbHbIX rlplteMoB noJILSOBaHI'ltrKapafl-
AarxaMrr rr KpacKaMI4, rIpaBrrJII'HbIXnpI,IeMoB uso6paxeuun. SQQen-
TI,rBHbrMrIp[eMoM o6yueuna lranurltefi trBJltlercnnpI{oM rrac.cIrB-
rr br x A B r4?r(e u u ft, Hor4a pc6euox 4eiicrnyet rle caMocrolreJlbHo' a
o . rroMotllblo BSpocJIoIo: neAal]or BKJIaAblBaeT B IIaJIbIILT MaJIbIIIIa
KapaHAaIu rr [poI{3BOAI{r puCOBaJIbHbIe ABI,IEIeHI]fl BMeCTe C pyHoli
pc6euHa.
-
Mrrurqrr pe6euna eule orIeHL c.la6u, oco6ellno MbIIrIqbl-pa3rlr6a-
TeJIr{, IIOSTOMy OrIeHb CnO,POITOCJIeHaqaJIa SalrtlTl{fl pe6oHoK Ha'u{-
HaeT CKJIOHgTbcf I{It}I{e IIaA CToJtoM. IIOAaIOT A6JI}fie}I lI1111paBI4Tb
rroay Bcex Aerefr.
Ha IrocJIeAyrcrqlrx 3aIIgrl{flx
ranific neo6xo4llutl cJIeAlrrr, 3a
coxpaHeHlreM rlpatsI{JlbHofruoau, Ho AJItr 6onlurtlucrsa Aerefr Aocra-
ToqHo 6y4er o4Horo cJloBecHoro HaIroMI4HalII{fl.
tlacro 6r,rnaet, qro BocIrlrrareJlb, IroKaBaB, Rafi Acp?fiarb r(apaH-
Aarrr, cMorpnt na Aereii Ia He 3aMeqaoT, rITo Hemoropble I{erI{ Aep}Kar
ero He[paBIrJIbHo: IqelroTblo, AByMfl rIaJlbIIaMI{, KyJTaHOMITJIITB JIe-
nofi pyne. Ecnu arn HeIIpaBflJIbHrre cuoco6r't He rlcrrpaBlrrb cpaay'
pe6euox r( HI,IM rIpIIBr'lKaer I4 lroaxte c rpyAoM ooBa[Baer Apyryrc
MaHepy. Hencpno orpaHI4qnBaTr,cfl 0AHITMI4 CJIOBeCflblMnsaMeqa-
HurrMr'' <Ans, BoBI'Mlr KapaHAaI[ upaBIIJIbHo!> Cau pe6enox, ne
I,rMeq onbITa 4etlCtotln C KapaHAaIXOM I{JIII HIICTT,IO,Ilo Mo?fieT l{C11pa-
BrrTb IloJroxrenue. Enry HaAO IIOKaSaTb aTo IIpaKTI4rrCCHr4,ts3flB pyKy
MaJrr,rr1a B CBoIo 14 ITOJIO?fiI,IRIIaJII'qtr{KlI XaH CJIcAye'r. B npoqeCCe
3aHflTl{fl HaAO qarle o6parqats BHlrrlraHr4e Ha TO, HaK A0TI{ Aep}r(aT
r(apaHAarrr, r{ [olrpaBJlsrb IIo uepe Ua4o6liocTtl, qto6st y 4eteri ne
saHpenJrflJrcfl HerIpaBI4Jrlnuii crtoco6.
Hyxno, qto6tt saHr{Ttlfl pllcoBaHi{eM AOCTABJIflJII{AeTflM pallocTl'.
B aroru 6olr,lryro pOJIb Itlpaer aMoI{t{oHaJIb6oe oTHOIueHlle IISAarora
K 3aHflTI{f M, yMeHlro SauHTepecoBaTr' AeTeIi, BtlsBaTfJ }fieJIaHIIe 3a-
Hr{Marr,cfl. Baxtuo IpoflBr{Tr, rryrKoe, Brrr4MareJlbHoe orHorrreulte H
pe6eHny, BoBpeMfl [o46o4plltt ero. Ecln MaJrbrrnHe rrp[Bhrr{ K peffin-
My AeTcKoro caAa !I fiaHoe-To BpeMfl 0TI(AsLIBilCTCflSaIILIMaTboflI4JIII
He BbilroJIHfleT saAaIIr4rI BOCIIIITaTeJIfl, HaAO OTIIOCIITT'CflK eTOMy
cuoxofirro, ue yrlpenar{ pe6enxa.
Paes[sar{ KOOpAlrHaqr{rcpyn gerefr, o6yuan r4x rraIrecerlllru OilpeAe-
JreHHbrx lunufi ua 6yuar.y , Bocrrr4rareJrb B 06parJHoi.i,auoquoHa.nr'-
100
Hoii QopMe MolfieT npoBecrr4 r,rrpy: oH AeJlaor pyrtoi.t c HapaHAaIIIoM
oAHOpOAHInepuTMu'IHLIe AButfieHlrfl, cfiepBa 6olee. npocTsle (Ayroo6-
pasHble, BsaA-BIIepeA), aareu 6onee clo}Itnlte (aparqeurae Ha oA-
,ro"
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ntry6*rlj, a AerH rloBropflIor erI'I ABrllfieHufl' flpu aroM
oH roBopI{T paBHoMepuo: <Ty4a-cro4a> rrJrw <Buopx-nnlre>,
a
rros)fie HasbIBaeT ABtt?r(eHI{[: <f]nru HAer' AbIM IrAeT!)) I r.u'
clono Boc[rr{TaTeJrfl rrosBoJlfleT AeTflM cBflsblBaTb oopas IIpcAMe-
Ta c rrso6pasrrTeJrlHbrM ABrr)fieHr.reM,OCOsHaBaTb9rO ABIr)lteflIle. urpa
TaKoIopoAa,ecJII{oHanpo8oAl4TcgBeceJloItcooTBeTcTByeT}KeJIa-
rrrr61 pe6eHxa, coAeiicrByer pasRr,trr{ru 6oree KoopI{I{HI4poBaIrHl'lx,
cMeJrbrx u purMgrulblx As11111eH1aft.
f{etu tro ctsoeli IIuItqlIarI{Be oxoTHo
IIoBTOpflIOTHX. OnU SaUoMI4HaIOTI{ HaBBa}IIltI' KOTOpIJSBOCIIUTaToJIb
AaeTuoJlyllaeMhIMuITpI,IxaM:(AblMI4AeTD'(AolI(AbfiaIIaeTD'(cHeI
rraAaerD, (oroHer( ropr,rr). cLrono lreAar.ora EaflpaBrqer r.ropraHl{3yeT
Aefi"ru"l, MaJlbrrua. flpoqecc pr4coBarrr{fr, orpa}r(aruquii naxoe-lu6o
rrBJroHrre,ua6lngaeuoe
B lnI{3III{. , yI}JIeKaer pe6euxa, I4 oH l4IIIeT Boll-
MOII(HOCTITBhIpasr4Tb ero B pllCyHr(e.
B eanucur{ocTr.r oT coAep}fiaHr:Ifl SaAaHI,rfrAeTtIM M0}I(eT ohITI' IIpeA-
Jrolne6a qReTHag 6yuara. TaH, gapncoBarl (F(afi cOJIilblInKg SBSTIITB
OftOUIKODASTII CMoIyt UUrgpeCrreeI{ BbIpaAIITe[IrHee,SCJII{AaTb una6y-
ruary (oKOlIIeuHu) ne 6elol(), a ceporo lrJrr{ or.rHoro qneTa. lla atou
{rou'e co.nuuluno (opan?r(eBoe untuo) 6y4er apue cBerIrrb. /(etr'l pa-
AyIOTCtI TeUJIOMy COJIHbIulKy, BooIIIITaTeJIb HaIloMIIHaeT IIM CTIIXU:
Cuorput coJlurrurrroB orolrlrto,
Cnetut B Hafiry fioM]rarl(y.
Mu aaxnonaeu B JIaAoIrIftIa,
O,renr pa4r,t coJIHr'IIuHy.
Bx,lrcqeuue
xyAoll{ecrBeHIroro
oJtoBa IroBI'Iulaer
rIoJIoffiIrreJIblloe
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o6paanoro
IIpeAcraBJIeHlz'fl 06 I43o6pax(aeMoM.
flpe4.rtoxuro Hapl4coBarb HapaIIAarIIoM uJru KpacffaMlr flpnoe' Teu-
Jroe CoJIHbI tut(O, Boc Il IITaTeJlb, HoIIoJl r'ayn r.rrrQopMaIIIIoH HO-peqeIITI{B-
nurii ruero4, coupoBotfiAaer IIoKaB uao6paxtenufl
cJIoBaMl{:
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lICuOlUaosaHLIe CTIIXOTnOperrufr,IloTeIueH, 11ecoIIOKHa sanqTllgx
l)llcoBaHueM gBJIfeTCfl BalfiHtIM MCTOIIIIqeCHl{Mllpl'{OMoM.
ll,e.necoo6paulI0 uepeA SaHflTueM pl{coBaHIISM l}hlSBarb itt(rI'lBH9CTlr
/torefi: ,,o ,,p;c,nTb xoro-. nn6o rro4oiiur H u.;rs6cpry
n lloltaaarb;
r(iur OH 6y4er praCgUaTLCOJIH61IIIRq,JII{CTOrIHII(uoxtutl SToT IIpIleM IIO-
urtipnru). ocralrsne
AeTI{ C utrTcpecou ua6rn4aroT, Kar{ llx ToIJa-
l)urt1tl pl{cytrlr. l4M orleHb xoqercfl caMIlM l}3flrl I(apauAaru' fircrl II
prrooBaTb IIa cBoeM .IIl4CTe.
13 rrepeofi MJraAlrrefirpyu[e [pr4Merrfiorcr] coTBopqecrBo rleAalora
.
AerbMli. Soculrrare;rb pr'cyer, rralpr{Mep, Ha 6., rbriloM JII{cre eJloq-
t{v !IJrI{ AOM, a AeTr{ SaTeM (3a}fiIrl'aK)Tt) IIa ee BeTKax I{ B ORHaX
101

AOMa trpHrre oroHbttlr (pl{cylor MaSKaMI{OpaH}r(eBOrO,?fieJITOrOIIBeTa
n r. A.). Eraro,qapn ooBMecrHbIM ycttJrrtflM rleAarora I{ Aerelr coaAaercfl
rranopaMa BeqepHtlx ornefi, HapflAHafl HoBoroAHqtI eJIKa. B sroM
Crvrrae neCr6xO4uruOucnOJIbSOBaTbCOqeTaHIIeKOHTpaCTH1'IXqBeTOB.
TaHue satflTr4tr IleJlecoo6paalro npoBoAIlTL c He6oJIbruol; rpyrrrrofr
4creii (5-ti rreroBeK) . Xopouro B KoIIqe Bal{flrI{fl [peArIoH{I,Irb AerrM
pac,cMoTpeTr,, KaKI,Ie flpKl{e oroHbKI4 3a?I(T.III4CLB TeMHbIX OKHaX r{JII4
Hd BerHax reMHo-3oJlcHofr e,'lKn t{ T. A.
B teqenlae roAa BocnI{TareJIb npeAJlal'aer AerflM pl'IcoBarb Iro
r.rx i(eJralrr4ro. Ha arux 3aHflTI{flX On-O6parqaer BHI4MaHT{ena cnyuafi-
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nao6pa)fieHlrtfl, orMeqaer BLIpaBrITeJIbHocrb erlrtx pI4-
CVIlKOB.
B Ha.rare roAa, KorAa AerI{ JII{urb HaqIrHarcT ocBal{Barb ABI'rE(e-
rru-fl paSHoro xapaKTepa, B nx pl{cyHKax HarlpacHo I'rcHarb cxoAcTBo
c orAeJrbHr,IMII npeAMeraMrr oKpyxaIouIeI{ 4eitctnrate;rblrocrl4. TonsHo
rrocTerreHHo,KorAa Aerrl yE(e [poI{sBOJrbHOIIOBTOpqrcTCryqatHo no-
ryrrenHoe uao6pamenue, BocrrI{TareJII' Mo}fier cnpailrl{Barb, qro Hapu-
coBaHo, Molfier IrpeAJlararh qro-To n3o6paal4Tb.
C Aerr'un 2,5 :ner Molr(Ho IIpoBoAI4Tb orAeJIbHr'Ie aaHflTl{fl TI'IIa
r{rpbr (yraAaii, uro Hapr{coBaHol. flernru Aaorcfl AJrs paccMaTpIIBa-
trrrfl prrcyHnu, I{ oHI{ paccHaal'IBaIoT, rlro HapI{conano (CO;rnbIIUKO,
/\oMr{K, Sraxxn, IIBeroqHu'II r.4.). Ec.[u AerI'r sarpyAHflIorcfl, Boc[r{-
TIIT€JIb CAM OTMCIIAETUAN6OIEE XAPAKTEPHrIEPII(JYIIHII, HAIIPITMEP:
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lrrrJracb,HaBepIIo, BerepoK II9AyJID, (IIIapuKlr BoBAyIIIHbIe[oJIereJIIl),
<I{ne'rounu 6o,nrurue Lr MaJIeHbr(I4e pacryr Ha noJlflHr(eD u r- il.
B pracynnax ilocrerIeHrlo tsoBHIIKaer[oHtITHafl",qJIflBBpocJIbIxtFop-
Ma uso6paE{eHlrq. OHu craHoBrrcfl yBHaBaeMbInA rollHo AJIa B3poc-
Jrr,rx, Ho tr lurtr 4etefi, aITo AocraBr.ser pe6eHr(y 6ollruyro paAocrb.
f{etcHue prdcyHKId IrpI406peralor aJIeMeHTapHyIo BLIpasIrreJIbuocrb
6narogapn pI,IrMy IIflreH, urrpl4xoB, a sareM Qopt.
O6orarqar 4etefi nonuMI{ [peAcraBJIeHI{flMI{, Boc[IlrareJlr 6y4et
cuoco6crBoBarr' rpoprr.rupoBaHlrloB pIrcyHKe IIepBoHarlaJrrnrtx o6paeon.
Opraunaya [pocMorp Bocx Aercnlrx pI{cyrIKoB B KoHI{e saH.rlrlrr, rre-
Aaror Boc[IrrblBaer y 4eteil Irlrrepec H peByJIbraraM I4x AeflTeJILHocrIr,
yMeHue BcMarptrBarbcfl B cBorl pI{cyHHIr Ir pIrcyHKIr Apyrnx Aerefr,
ytlIIT paAoBarbcfl rIx paanoo6paal4ro, ffpKocrrr, orMerrarL cxoAcrBo
Ir3o6palfieHHoro c npeAMeroM ITJIII qBJIeHIleM.
ptlcoBAHHE BO BTOPOE MnaAulE,l rPvnnE
$ l. Ilporpal^r a Bocnrtanna x o5yqeHxt
102
MJraA[refi rpyllrlhl, IleAaror AoJIffieH SIIaTb, KaKITM OTIbITOMO6JraAaIor
ero BOCTTTTTaIIHI,II(I4.
ECnrA SOITUTUIICTBOAeTefi BocrrITTLIBaJIIICbB AeT-
cHoM caAy B nepBofi MJIaAIxefr rpyrrrre, cJleAyer npoAoJr]fiarb o6yueune
pr.rcoBaHr4lono [porpaMMe Bropofi ru.naAruefi rpyilIrbl. Ecln }Ite raKoro
OUbrTa y 4ereft HeT, HylI(HO nepBr,Ie 3aHflTIIfl ilOcBflTI4Tb BBeASHIIIO
4erefi o'ery AeflreJrbHocrb.
Etuanenur,rfi olblr rpexJlerulrx 4erefi (no bpaanenuro c AByxJIer-
uuuu) 6oraue, BbIIrre ypoBelrb Iltx rrcr,rxuqecnoro paaBlrrl{fl' rI ero
rroaBoJrfler He npoxoAl{Tb rroJlHocrblo BcIo [porpaMMy npegrrgyulefi
rpy[Irhr, a ocyqecTBJl.flTb ee napaJrJIeJIbHo c peureHldeM Tex SaAaq'
Koropbre o[peAeJIeHr,I AJIfl BrOpOfi lrna4Iflefi rpylrnbl.
C uepnr,tx )fie BaHf,Tufr y 4etefi Hylr(Ho Boc[I'IrbIBarI' I4Hrepec K
pr4coBaHrrro. B naqale roAa AeTIr eLIIe He rIpoflBJLflIOr IrHrepeca K pe-
SyJrbTaTyAeflTeJIbHOCTI{:OHIrIIOrJIOIqeHbIIIpOqeccoM'I4KaqecTBo
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HeHHbrx Ha 3aH.flTI{I{ pI{cyHI(oB [oMotaeT npuBJleqb I{x BHLIMaHI4e K
peSyJrbraTy. Ha o6qerpynnoBbrx 3aHflTr4flX y 4ereft Boclr4rhrBaercq
yMellrde cJIyInaTb cJIoBecHbIe yHaSaHIIfl, CJIeAIITb 3a HaIJIflAHbIM IIO-
HaBoM rr BLruoJrHflTb AeftcrBI,Ig, coorBercrByloql4e 11peAJIo?+(eHHhIM
BOCIII4TATEJIEM.
,(na uao6paalrrensnofi AefreJlbrlocrl'I Aerefi eroro Boapacra xa-
paxrepHbl 6rrctpr,re nepexoAbl npoqecca I'I3o6pa?fieHrlfl B rrrpy, qTo
o6tscnsercfl
rroABr4?nHOCTbrOBoo6pa?fieHufl, o6ulefi aHTuBrrocrbro Ma-
Jrbrrrla. Ou ctyulrt KoHqI4KoM I(apaHAaUIa IIo HapI4coBaHIILIM Kpy?I(oq-
fiaM-BepHbrIIIKaM, 1oBopfl, qTO I1JIIOST11TUTIHa.ErO OtnOrUeHI4e K 11806-
paE(eHI{Io B AaHHoM cilyqae HaloMl{Haer rrrpy c urpyruHofr.
Ctperunenrae K UIpe CJIeAyeT IICIOJILSOBaTI' B ItreJIqX IOBI'IUIeHIIfl
?fieJraHrrfl Aerefi prrconarr. TaH, HaHeceHHr,re AeTbMtr npocrbre prrr-
Mr,Irruble MaBKI{ BocnlITaTeJIb MO?I(eTO6leglrUUrs B KOBpI{H; SaTeM AeTI4
BMeCTec BOClrrTaTeJreMyKpac[T trM KyKOJrbHbrfiyroJroH. S.neueurap-
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Aerefi rrrrTepeca fi pr,rcyHxaM CBorrx ToBaprrqefi rr H prrcoBalrlrlo Kan
H treflreJrbHocru. flocreilerrHo oHa HaqnHaer rrprdHr{Marb[peAHaMepeH-
nnfi xapaHtep.
tr4ao6pameuue [peAMeroB Il flBJreHIafi n plrcynne rpe6yet oilpeAe-
JTeHHOTOpaSBIITI{fl ABI,I}fieHI'Ifl pyK, IIX KOOpAIIHaIIT{II, SpI4TeJIL'HOIO
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AaTeJrbHocTr{,C11OCO6HOCTI,1
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flBJreHr4flx, yMeHt{fl paccMarpr{BaTb r4JrJrrocrpaqr4rr.Hyxtno yqr,rrb Ae-
Tefi BaMerraTb HeKOTOpbIe oCO6eHHOCTII,[pI{CytqIIe ToMy I4JII4uHoMy
rrpeAMery, noropble oHIr MOryT rlepeHoclrTb B pI'ICyHOK' Hanpl4Mep
BeJreHbIfrqBeT g;1OIIKII,pLITM naAaIOUI[X Ha CTgHJIOKaIIeJIb AO]I(Afl I{ 4p'
B peaynrrare opraHI{BaqIrI4 BocllrrrareJIeM Bocrrpl{flrl{fl oxpyxalo-
rqr{x [peAMeroB y Aeteii o6paSyloTcfl spUTeJIbHbIe npeAcraBJleHI{fl.
Rlaro4ipn
aroMy Aerlr coBAalor I4so6pa,*eHl'fl Helrorr'ble, o6o6uleH-
Hbre, Ho Bce-TaKI4 ysHaBaeMble ApyrI4MI'r.
Ha aanqrrd.gx pr{coBaH[eM HaqI4HarcT rrocTerreHHo paSBl{Barbcfl
tryBcrBa r{BeTa, Qoprutr, pI,IrMa, raK HaK B Ilpoqecce ua6lro4euuR
103

IrpeAMeTOB, r4X BOCIIpI{flTIIfl, aHaJIIISa I{ [OCJIeAyIO[Iefo IISOopaE(egI{f
sgCu11tare;1r, O6pal4aet 6HI{MaHIIS 4eteft na ATI{ sCTeTI4qecKI4e Ka-
qecTBa.
V 4ereii Soprrarapyetctr yMeHlre Bt'I6l4parb I{Bera' Koropble IlM
6ol,,rue ,rpanaica, fiprrBJreftaror r{x Brrr4Manrae.Flapa4y c eTr'M coBep-
ureHcTByeTcfl BocrptrrrTr{e peaJrbH0fi OHpacHn rIpeAMeroB. Paseusa.fl
AeToKoe Lr3o6pa)fieHue, BocrIrITareJIb rlpeAJIaraeT l{erflM [prr,(yMEIBaTb
caMocToflTeJrbHocoAep?r(aHlle plrcyHKa (salrrtcel y Aereu aroro Bo3-
pacra erqe orleub rpocr, IIpI{MI{TI{BeH Ir Heycrofirrl'IB) '
flpoqecc lrao6parHeun.n pe6enoH corlpoBo?It4i\or perlblo, noropafl
trolroJrHfleT TO, qello oH elqe I{e Mo}r(eT llepcllaTb B pl'lcylrKe' relHe.
fleru roaoprrr o Hap[coBaHHLIx [peAMerax, 06 ux Haalraqeul{rr: Ha-
rrpr4Mep, rao6paxan JlorlarKy, pe6enoH rIotIcHfter: <3tofi J[ollarKofi
fl HorIaK) Ilecon, v MeHn eLrrlr TaRafl JIoIIarHa)). [I<iAo6nsre paaroBo-
pbr o rraprrcoBa4HoM CJIeAyCT rlootqpflrb, a R
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3yfl rIoJIyrIeHHbIe B llpoqecce
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xpyuofi,
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rli] IlpflMfilx
suutri' r{ IIx [epeceqettltli. f{e't'n
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Creqyn IlporpaMMe, 4e'refi yua'r I'r3o6pa)fiarb [peAMerbr cHaaIaJIa
rrpocTblx, a :lareM oJIOlttHt'IX tFoptr' 3ro ttoesoilnet 4etxu pl'IcoBarb
rl Jrerlr{Tr, Ucg 6o.iree paanOo6paeHble IIpeAMeTbt I{ tlBJIeIIng OKp}4fiaK}-
IITeMI{ABI4}fieHII'IM}I,upIIIroMoIIIltItoTopbIXeeN{ox(Ho[epeAaT6Ha
6yuare.
c soplloii npe/{MeTa BocrruraTeirb 3HaRoMI{r Aerell [yreM ot]cJle-
AoBaIIr4l cto nepeA uso6pax(eutaeM'
104
eJroqKI4, IUapI{KI{,
.flfOAbI, qBeToqfiu.
Bonee cnomuofi B LISO6paSLITeJrbHoM OTIIOilIeHI4II flBJITIeTCfl IIpfMO-
yroJrblra.fl Qopua,
no?ToMy ocBoelrue ee cJreAyer HaqI'IHarb Bo BTo-
pofi nononrlHe roAa. ?Iao6paxenlre .Epr(Ilx Qrantxon, paaHoqBerHblx
xy6rarou o6orarqaer coAeplr{aHne AercKI4x plrcyHnoB' annJllrnaqltn'
tr4a oTtreJrbrrtrx qacTefi - ofipyrJlblx,
[pflMoyIOJItHrIX - AerI{
cocraBJlfllor uao6paxeur're reJIexKlI.
Ma.nr'Iurefi yrlar B npocroM BIrAe llepeAaBarr' crpoeHlle [peAMeroR'
pacrloJlo?r(enrre qactei'i. Onra pucyrur ctpoiinyn
elroqnv, BI'Icoroe
l3 lrna4rnefr rpynle nepeAaqa coAeplfiaHnfl IrocI4T
:'"X1"#;1"?"""'"' oco6uii
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oT/IeJII'Hbre npeAMeTbI, AeTI{ BKJITqaIOT I4X B I{rpO-
Byro clrTyaqr4ro, Aer4cTBytr c Hr{Mrr KaK c }r(rrBbrMlr. He nra4er erqe
rroJIrlOcTbIO uBO6paBltTOJIt'HbtMLICpeACTBaMlr, AeTI4 BbIparu{amT CIo}fieT
B ocHoBIroM B cJIoBe, /lBI4lI{eEI{u. Pucyn, Haflpl'rMep, MaIrIlrHy, pe6eHoK
roBopr4r: (OHa floexaraD, (OHa Beaer rpyB)'
B upoqecce BalrflTllfl Aerl{ ycneBalor nso6paallrb He oAlIH, a
HeCfioJrbno 6AI{TIaHOBI'IXnp eAMeToB. I I on'rOpenU e n3O6pa]I{ eHI{tI oAHoIO
rrpeAMeTa troJIeAIIo - oHO cnOCO6cruyeT SaKpenJIelIlIIO HaBrIKOB pI{CO-
"u""",
ipoprvroo6paayr04trx Anuxenuii. IIoerouy HaAo crlrMyJrIIpoBarb
U iloOilIpflTL [OBTopHOe UaO6paXerUre Ha OAHOMSaIIETI{I{' AO11OJIHeH1Ie
pucyHKa Aocr.ynHbrMr,r pe6enxy AeTaJrr{Mrr,6;t[raxuun ilo coAep]fiaHIIIO
npeAMeraM. Hartpr.ruep, Aeru pucoBa.Ilu qbIIlJIt{T, ryJlflroull{x Iro rpaBe
(na aelenoM Jr?rcre 6yruaru). vcuerurro cfrpaBr{B[IuMCfI C saAaHneM
MOlr{Ho rIpeAJIO?I{IITLHapI4COBaTbqepBfl}toB, SepHbrlxKlI, ltOTOpble fiJIIO-
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rlr,r B rrpocroii cro1{eT: <B necy pacTyr eJloq6rlD, <IIIapuxu [oJIereJI[t
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105

6enHy oBJraAerb uao6pamenraeru nanotl-nra6o Qoprrtr'r, KaH rrpn noBrop-
nofi ee [epeAaqe o6paa <oxuBaer)), 4eftcrnyet. Bocnutareruo Heo6-
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paaHbrx @opu e cftyrIHoe rrpoplacoBblBaHne. PaBBIrBafl clo]r(eruo-I4rpo-
sofi Bal{rrceJr, Bocnr{TareJrb AoJIXeH BI{Aerb B He[oJIHoM erqe lrao6pa-
?r{enxr{ xtnsoii o6paa, moropr,ti,irpnBJI_eKaerpe6enHa.,{onolHeunRuu,
pa3bflcHeHr,rflMrroH rroAAepHrrBaer oopa3, He AaBaq eMy 3aryxHyTb,
Bocrrrrrr,rBaer r4HTepec 4erefi n lrao6pamennro.
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Texunqecxue
cI,IAerb Ha BaHflTrrflx pr4coBaHr{eM: rpflMo, He
HABbII('l
cr4JrbHo HaKJroHflfcb, rle ollnpaflcb rpyAbro o Kpar4
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ecJlr4 BoclrnrareJrb 6y4er camatr' gerefi Ba croJIbI cno6o4no, ecJII{ xte
Aerrr cvrp'flT recHo. co6nrcqeuue npannlsnofi
noabr aarpy4neno).
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qeHHoMy KoHqy. flpra pncoraHl,il.t He Ha)fiI{Marb cr4JIbHona 6yruary.
Jlenofi pyHofi [pr{Aepx{uBarb JIIrcr 6yuaru, I,IHaaIe ou 6yget nep-
TeTbcfl.
l(rac'rr Hy?+(Ho Aepmarb Ba cepeAl{Hy [aJIoqKIl, amxypatno na6u-
parb Ha Hee Kpacny, o6uaHraeaf Hl4crb BceM BopcoM rr cltl{Mafl JIIIU-
Hroro Kpacny o xpafi 6aHo.IKu. flpn puconaHl,Il4 Becrlr Jrvnnn no Bopcy.
O6yuan 4erefi pa6ore c KapaHAaIrroM, BoctIIlTareJIb AoJIHeH rlo-
HaabrBarl, [paBr4JIbHbIfi upr.reu pllcoBaHl{fl flpflMr'Ix nulruft: KorAa [po-
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cro.n pe6poM JraAoHrr, ABnmerrrre [pordcxoArrr c6ony ot npono4nlrofi
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Jrr4rrrrrr,.rro orHorueHr4ro K 6yuare - HaKJroHHo.
flp n praconanuI4 ropI,IBoHTaJIbHhIx ;lnnvir [oJlo]fi eHI{e pynll cJIeAy-
rcqee: pyKa c KapaHAalxoM lraxoAaTcrr BHII3y JITICTa,rlepneHAI{KyJItrp-
Ho rrpoBoAl,ruofi luunu, ABltxtercfl B HarIpaBJIeIrI{Ir npoBoAnyotr ilul6vtp1
(cneea naupano), [prl aroM BLIAHo Bce [pocrpaHcrBo ABIl]fieHI{fl'
.rro o6rer.raer rrpncranrurrfr aputerrnrrfi
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rO Kpafl CTOJIa, a IIOBbIII€' TaK HaK IIHaqe ToJIt't(o ftI{CTI' JIe?fiI4THa
croJre, a Jronorb Brtcr4T BHI43y: nplr TaKOM noJlO}+(eHIrI{pyKa ABIIE(eTCfl
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14 npw pr{coBaHnr4 HapaHAaIxoM, I{ rrpll prIcoBaHIrI{ rpacnofr nyx-
Ho 4o6nnatlcR cJrrdrHoro, HerlpepLIBHoro AB?I)fieHIrfl pyKn, IrHaqe
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neponuofi, HeyBepeHHofi, a {opua
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B uporparuMe rto prIcoBaHLrIo, JIe[Ke, arIlJrI{Kaq[I,I Aaercfl qer-
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,(elenue [porpaM-
Mr,r IIo KBapraJraM lroMoraeT Boc[I,ITareJIIO IIOCTeIIeHHO, nOCJIeAOBa-
TeJrbHo ocyqecrBJIfltr yue6no-nocnlrrareJlbHbte aa[aqtr.
106
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107

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ETE I,ICIIOJIbIJYflAOCTYNIIYIOTEMATIIKY. OH MO}fieT, NO46NPAX COOTBET-
crryrcrqufi (ptx 6yuaru, rlBer Kpacfir.r, rpeArararb pncoBarb Aopo?fiKn,
ilocbllraHHble IIecoqKoM, n0Jl0carbrti HonpuH, JIeAtrHhIe Aopo?rtKl{, co -
OyJITJKIIII T. rI.
Flapx4y c ocBoeHr{eM ropr,raoHraJrr,Hbrxu.Beprr{KaJrlHrtx nnnnfi
neo6xo4rauo npe4laiarr
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ofipyrrrhrx foprrr, ncnoJrbayff
AJrff aroro rroHflTHoe AerflM coAeplfiaHr4e. I4nor4a BosMo?nHo coqera-
Hne onpyrJrux Qopu c rrpflMr,rMr4 Jrnrnfrllu. Tan getn prrcyror coJI_
HbIIIIKO C flpnr4Mll JIyqaMr{ I,UII,IHyTIKOB, KOTOp6Ie IOJISaIOT IIO TpaB_
KEI'T.II.
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cocroflrr{tre r43rrecfioJrbHr.rxqacrefr. Bocnurare m, of'tncnner pe6enxy,
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Ky SeMJIn,nOCTaBu,Tr,Ha rree AJrr.rHHbIerraJloqftrl, a notoM (3a cTy_
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JleccHKe9TIt 'racrr{, BoctllITareJIbreM caMblM o6lerqaet pe6enxy
lpoqecc ee rao6pameHnfl Ha 6yuare.
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telru no4o6parb AJrfl aarrn:rnfi6nnanyn relrarnry: </{oxt4un, 4olx-
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TeIb yqUT 4etefi BHOCI4TLHoBbIe aJIeMeHTbIyaOpa (nO;roCI'I' TOTIKU).
Xorg osu oqerrb rlpocrbr, rro (pacora rrx B pI4TMr.rqHOCTI{,
.rlBeroco-
rleTarrr4lll. BoCuurarenl0 cJIeAyeT o6paularr BHI{MaHI{e Aeteft na atra
oco6ensoctu ysopa npu paccMarpl{Bauurl o6paaqor Ir Aercnux pa6or'
flocne yxparrreHr4fl rloJrocbl saAaqa ycJlo?ttusercfl - \erfi pacflu-
cbrBaror HBaApar. onra yanaror, qro y Hero qerbrpe yrJra rr Bce cropolrbr
paBsbr.
Bocnutatelr,
IoHaSbrBaeT rrocJleAoBaTeJrbHocTr, rrocTpoeHr{fl y3o-
pa B qerblpex yrJlax KBaApara, qto6r,I [oJIyqIrJIcE Irpacunr'rfi HoBpnK,
rrJrarorlex, ca .r{erouxa.
flocteuenno
npl{ ocBoeHrII4 noMrIoBI{III4I{ ysopa Ha l{BaApare yc-
JIOrr{HfleTcg IIOCJISIgBaTSJILH6CTbero BbInOJIHenraS. BOCIIITaTSJI6 uO-
RaabrBaer, KaK Hauoclrrb ysop rrocepeAlrHe KBaApara (cepe4una ot-
MeqaeTcs aapanee). B qelnx pasBrrTrrf ecTerr4qecKoro Bocrrprr.flrrrfl
cJretryer o6parqatr BHuMaurre [,ereir Ha Kpacory cI'IMMerpl{rlHblx
yaopoB, rlofiaablBarr I{M paBHr,Ie o6paaqr,r, Ha[pI{Mep, B oAHoM - ysop
BlrrroJrrreH no cropoHaM r{ yrJIaM r(BaApara, B ApyroM
-
B cepeAI'IHe
xpynurrfi yaop, a B yrJlax 6ouee ue.lxtlfi'
BOrrrrrrOE SHAIIEHI,IEAJIE YI(PAruEHIIfl IIMEET qBET CAMI'{X HPYTOB,
HBaApaToB, a rre roJrbr(o HaHocr4Mbrfi na nrax yeop. floatoMy BocIII{-
rareJlro rraAo yMerb no46upaG rlBerlryrc 6yrnrary, lra xotop.ofr uape-
saroTcfl HBaAparr,r AJr.fl AeHOpaTr{BHoro pr{coBaur4fl. Ha 6enofi 6yuare
BCe [BeTa BbrurflA_gT 6onee peaHo r,I, HpOMe TOro, He IIoJIyqaeTcf
rex 6orarux
qBeTocoqeranraii, Koropr,re MO?+(HOCOsAarb 6naro4apn
qre,riouy
4ony. Sneueursr y3opa, Horopr,rMlr pac[oJraraor
Aerll,
enqe 6egnrr, rorvr6unaqi1-:1rux oguoo6paanbl' I{ ftpacory ysopy rlpu-
Aaer HpacI4BOe qBerocoqeraHrre.
vrvrenrat, IIoJryqeHHLre AeTr,Mr4 B flpeAilrecTByroqlle Mecflqr,I, IIo-
SBoJIflIoT BE,IAeJII4Tb3aAaqy BbIpa}fieHI4-fl cBflSHoro coAep}fiaHI4fl B
pr4cyrrHe r{ JrerrKe. 3ra aa4aua BrroJrrre ocyilIecrBrrMa [pr4 ycJroBr{rr
"rrrgtt""t"A
uao6paXenufi noCne4oBaTeJIbllo tr{oTHOcI4TSJIrHO6uCrpO.
3nanrae o"sos""tx Qopu ra yMeHr{e orpeAerrflrl rlropty uactefr upe4-
MeTa,aTaH?+(eBr'IIIoJIII-flTbIlxBpIIcyHKeAaeTBoSMo}+(HocTbcaMo.
CTOflTeJrbHoEaxoAI4Tb CuoCO6 r4aO6paXenrafl 14 TeX IIpgAMeTOB' I(0T6-
pI'Ie A€TI{ paHee IIe JIOUI4JII{I4 He pIICOBaJII'I'
'
Cogeplia'r{e AJr_flpr{cy'noB Bocrrr{rarerrb AoJr)r(eH 6parr ua oxpy-
xarorqefi 4eficrnratelbgocTr,l , KOTOpafl EBJIfleTCg OCHOBHbIMIICTOqHI1-
123

KoM paBBI4TITEAcrcI{oro u3o6paB14TeJIbIIoro rBopqecrBa. Bpenneua
ro4a, o6qecrBelrHrle ctl6r,trnn, [paBAHuItI4,
'rpy4 ;rrogeii, crpollreJlb-
crBo AoMoB, TpaHcIIopT -..tsc€ 3T(), xorfl II B I{o IOJIHOIT Mepe' oTpa-
lKaercfl B pl4cyHftax Aerel{ 4 JIer.
Bueqatlenlrn
or IIpoqI{TaIIIIhtx BBpooJlbIMu cxasoK, paccKaSoB'
crr4xoB, BaraAolt rolfie BJII{flIor IIa co/lep}fiaHue pncyHnoB. tr4ao6pa-
)fiaeMr,Ie AeTbMIr 3ill43OAbI IICCJIOXTHLI,BKJIIOTIaK)Tl-2 gcfrcrayK)qux
.lruqa, ue6culbtuoe KoJII{qoc'rBo llpe[MeroB.
Crometuoe coAeplr(aHfle po6enoH rlopeAacr fiyreM lall6paxenlra
orAeJrbHhlx IIpeAMeroB, uepcotrarHeli, llolrToMy HecHoJIt,Ko IIapucoBaH-
Hbrx qBeroB HaH 6u o6paltyror quorynluii ryr, Aoa-rpt,t AoMI{Ka -
yJrrrqy ropo/lrl, lroccJlKa, ocJlil l{ r. ll.
Boculrta'rerrc cpe4ueii rpylIrIbI IIa/Io uMcrb lt III'lAy, rrro Aerll
STOIO BOSpaCTaelqc He R cOoToflHIIu llepLlllaTf, lIpaBI{JIf,HLIeOTI{OUIe-
HIIfl IIpOAMCTOIIIIo IJeJMtlUlte, ELTBJIaAOK)TyMoHIICM Blipa3I4Tl' ABI{-
H{egrre r11}tBblxcyIIIOCTB.trl Rocr}Ite HaAo IIp(rl(ocTaBJlrITI'uM IIOBMO}It-
nocrn ltao6paHarL r4llTopeo.Hoo/IllllaMuquoo coAeplKaHlle, SHat{, qTo
HOE-'ITOOHI{ BI'IPAI]flT I] CJIOBAXU JIUIIII' '1ACTbOOAEPI}IAHIT'I
-
CPEA'
cTBaMrI CaMoro pI4cyHKa. Buecte c rOM cJleAyor lrootuprlTb caMocTofl-
TeJrbrrocTb B rronoKax cpcAcrlr AJlfl llbl par{eH,r'I /(ofrcrnufr. n oTlroule-
Hflfr AeiicrBylotqtrx JIl{II.
Tanuru o6paaoM, Aern rloJlytlarlr I, III xuapraJle llexoropble Ho-
B[,IO IrSO6pasIrrOJrbHbIOyMelll{fl, a rafiE{e 3aKpellJtflIoT Ir IIpI{MeHflIOT
PAHEE fIOJIYI{EHHI'IE.BMECTE C TEM OHI{ COBEPIXCHCTRYIOT
TEXIII{KY
loJlbSoBaHlrt{ RaparIAaIIroM It ltl{oTblo, Ha r{To uaAo o6parqats oco-
6oe gHulranue.
F[ arouy BpeMeHr{ AerI,I /IoJIEtHr'to6lta4atr AocraroqHblMu lrBo6pa-
SI4TEJIbTII,IMIIYMEHI''IMII,'ITTT6H NI,IPA}fiATb B PI,ICYHI(EPASIIIIHI,IE
rrBJreHl{fl,Rorophre OHII Ha6JI0/Iaxrl uecrtofr (lpuler
IITT4I{,BeCeHHI{e
IIBeTLI, RpKOe, TOIIJIOecoJlHll0, pyql,I{' KaII0JIITtl T. A.).
C.ne4yer ttpeAocratsrITF,nM 6ort,uttl oaMoc'toflTeJIbIrocrI{ AJIrr uo-
r{cKoB cuoco6os Bbrpa}rrcHIfi palrrt-Xr6|aauor'o collep}ItaHl4fl, HarIoMIr-
Hafl parlee ycBoortulle rlpr{oMbr plrcooartlttl. Ila4o [tl4cxalJlll]arb Ae-
TflM, IITO EU{E MO}IIHO IIAPTICOUAT}, I'I3 T0I'O , TITO OIII{ tsCTPOIIAIOT BOIT_
pyr ce6n, o qeM I{M rllITaK)T u paccfta3blBamr.
IV HBapraJr
JIerou 3aIItIrr{u ltao6paerarert'uoii AenrL}Jl6HoorbKi IIpoBoA.flTcrr
He TaK peryJrfll)Ho, KaK B IIl)oAlrl(]crllylorqlle rpl't KBapraJra' HoBbIii
IIporpaMMHbIii -lrarepua,n He Aaercg. O[naHo oqeHb Ba?r(Ho' qro6hl
BCe yCAgOtIHoe paHoe cutlftl,qrtti tIptrMeUlJlOCh ^OTblvIlI; TeXIIuqeo6I{e
LIaBr,rrtl{coBcpuIoIIoTIJoBaJtltct,.llti.llyvenut,te lteo6paalrTCJItIIbIQ }Irle
-
Hl{fl AOJI}I(HLIlIOMOIaTb AeTtrM OaMOCTOUTCJILII()
HaXOAIITT'cflocoobl
r{Bo6paffierlI{f IIpeAMeroB, c I(OTopLTMIIoHlI BIICpBbre [oBIIaHoMIIJII{cb
JreroM. /{eroparuaHOo' pu0oBaHt{c MO}fier Halrrtl nprrMe}rcHrre rlpu
oSoptrr.leutll{ lloMetqeHlIfl , [o/IapHol] poAIlreJIflM.
TeuatltHa pI{cyIIHots orpa}Itacr JIcrHue llIloqarJIcHIl.g"ItoropbIe
Aerr4 [oJryqarur Bo r]peMfl Ilpol.yJron B Jrec. 14eo6parxeilue paenoo6-
124
pasHr,rxAepeBbrlB,rrroA, rpu6oB, Jrecrrrrrx()6IIrareleri (eruurta, lirii-
qI4Ka, MypatsbrrtrrHlt, MeABe)fiaT) SHaTIIITeJIbHO060raTflT COAeplHaIIlItl
pr4cyIIK()Il.
$ 3. MeroAbl n nPxeabl o6yqeHht
o6y.reHne
,[nR ocnoeru,rfl Lr3o6paxeHl4fl Ba)fiHO yMeHI{e BbI-
,t"o6pa*"ooto
AeJIflTb ocHoBHyIo tFopr"ry [peAMeTa I'I el'o qacrefi.
rlpeAMeroB
floatorvry Ba?fiHoe Mecro upl4 o6yqeul4rr pl4coBarrlrrc
orBoAI4TCfl pasJII{qHbIM IIplleMaM
nutpopuaquoHHo-perlenTI4BHOro
MeTOAa: Ha6JIrcAeHI4rO,O6CreAoBaHr4ro,nOHa3y CflOCOOOBI{3OOpa?I(eHI4g'
o6:rscHenurc ra AP. Bo scex BoaMo)l(Irhlx cnyqasx HaAo I4ArI{ or
Ha6ilroAeHr,rfl rrpeAMeTa H ycBoeHr.rro clloco6a ero II3O6paffieH.ufl, v! B
uepByro oqepeAb H [epeAaqe ero QopMhI.
'I'orongcf
K BaHgTl{x1, BocIIlITareJI6 oco6eHgo TuIaTeJIbHo IIpoAy-
MbrBaeT, qTo, KaH, ts KaHOfi nocJIeAoBaTOJIbHOCTI4
6y4et uoxaSblBaTb
AeTflM B [peAMeTe, Ira qTO o6paqarr' BHITMaHITe'o qeM crrpaulrrBarb'
B aroft rpyune Aerlr Haqlrualor yqlrrbcfl He rlpo-cro cMorperb Ha
"paa"ot,
a"o6crre4oaarb€ro paSrlltlllble cBoftcrBa' Ha nepeux fiopax
socrr'urarcrb caM o6cle4yer- [peAMer, TOJIbKO[pI4BJIeKafl EeTefi It
orBeraM Ira orAeJIbHbIe Borlpocbl' a SareM BCe 6orbl[e rpeAocraB-
JIfleT IIM CaMOCTOflTeJIbHOCTb'
flo-upemueMyBa}ItHoeSHaqeHnoBo6y.IeHxI,IpI{ooBaHI{IoI4MeeT
"*nnorunia
u od"n"4o"a'r{e ABr{Xenrlfi pyH, Bncnurarelb IIoKaabI-
BaeT up[eM oqeprluBaHufl [oJIbI{€M ItoIITypa [peAMeTa [epeA puoo-
BaHI4eN[. 3atem eIO BT,IIIOJIIIflIOTAeTII' I'I3AaJII4 rJlflAfl Ha IIpeAMeT'
,Il,nnxenua ranoro poAa HaAo npouaBoAllrb Iro HecnoJlbKy paa' rrro6bl
oHr.r 6r,uur ycBoenbr pyxoii, IIpu yqacrl{I4 ABI{IaTeJIbHoro oIIIyuleHl{E.
floeroparr,
-
eror rIpI{eM cJleAyer Ao ' rex lrop' Iroxa AerI{ caMll He
6y4y" upu6erart H rIeMY.
-
TaHIU O6paaolr, BOClIlrTaTeJrboAHOBpeMcIIHOI{CIIOJIbSyeTIIpI{eMbr
3pl{TelbHoroBocIIpIlflTII,I,ABIII{eIII'gpyKI4cJloBecHoro[o'{cHeHafl-
[pe]fiAe Bcero HaSblBaHI{fl AerrcTBr[u'
'
HauptlrueP, Aetn ilepe/I pIlcoBaHI{eM rerextnlr o6cneqonallr ee
Qop"ry.'BocriratateJlb oqeprl'IJr [a!'IbIIeM ItoHTyp [peAMera' BbIAeJII{B
BrraqaJle BepxHl4l{ r
""xutnfr
Hpafr -Hyaona
reJle}r(KrI (ropueonranunlte
Jrr{Hr4r,rcJreBa r{a',pano) . 3arernl o6oinaqr.t ,r 6oxoslre ilw*Yttr (nepru-
KaJrbHbrecBepxy euna). flerra ilorropr{JII{ eTI4 ABII}fieHIItr lI caMI{ II0-
TIYBCTBOBAIU,KAK IIOA YIJIOM TIEPECEKAIOTC'I
TOPI{3OI{TAJIbHbIEII BEP-
TuHaJIbHbleJIu]lI|wL|,KaKpyHaOcTaIIaBJII{BaeTc,IlIpesKooqepqnBac.T
KoHryp [peAMera r0A yrJIoM'
Iipra nonroprrbrx '3o6paxrenr4trx 6ea lphueneul{fl Harypbl Boc'II-
TareJrb rlaloMl{Haer He roill'KO npeAMer' ero, tpopuy' no u csoco6rr
Boc[por4BBeAeHlrtr Tar(oro poAa Qoprur'r, rrpl{MeHfleMble Ipll EroM
/IBI4lKelIIrtl.
'IaH,
4erra prlcoBaJrr4 pa3Ho4BeTHr,re BaIOHlIUHI{, ItOTOpI'Ie oopa-
syx)T rrrpyruequtrii [oe3A. BocuurareJlro AocraTotlIIo 6bIJIoIlaIIoMHllrb,
arTOpl,rCO.BaTbI4x IIaAo TaH lr(e, HaH TeJIe)fiKy' Ho paBIEtIIIe 6yAeT B
125

TOM, qTO y BarOHqUKa eCTr, OKHa II OH IIOBbIIIIe, qeM TeJre?I(Ka, tr
BaroHqr4xoB MHoI.o , oHrr oAyr oAr4H Ba ApyruM.
B rex cJryqaflx, nor4a o6creAoBaHrre [peAMera rrpoBe[eHo xo-
poruo, rronaa cnoco6a lrao6pameuurr He Hy)fieH: Torrnoe cJreAoBaHrre
rroraaaHrlbrM cnoco6au rroAaBJrfler anTr,rBHocrb Boclpl{flTlrg I4 MLIcJII{
gerefr, Merrraer rrM ucxars caMocrof,TeJrr,HoBbrpaxteurae o6paaa.
Mero4rr o6yueuun lreo6pamenuro paauoo6paaubr rr AoJr)+ruhr[prr-
MeHflrbcfl c yareroM xouHpernofr BaAaqu. flpra o6yuenulr 4erefi cpeg-
ueit rpyuur,r ocHoBHafl BaAaqa - paaRr4Bars cnoco6nocrr) caMocrofl-
TeJIbHO HaXOArrTr, CIIOCOObTUSOOpalr(eHrrfl rrpeAMeToB B plrcoBaHr,rr4,
JrerrKe r4 arruJlr,rKarlr4r4,r.rc[oJIr,3yfl iloJIyqaeMbre SHaHr4f tr yMe]II4fl.
,(nr yto.rneHr{fl lpeAcraBJreulr.fl o cnoficrcax rex lpe,qMeroB I4 flB-
.nenlrft, Koropr,rx Aerrr'He Moryr ua6nrtr4arr, B onpyxtarctqefi x<lranra,
HO C nOTOpr,rMr4Orrr4 SHaKOMflTCfl IIO paCCRaSaM n r43 KHr4r, MO]I(HO
paccMarprrBarb KaprrrHnrd.
TaH, uepe4 prrcoBaHr4eM cxaao.rnor? [Tr4r{Kr4 Aerr{ paccMarpr.rBa-
ror Kaprr{}rKr,r, raao6parHaroqHe HapqAHyro Ar,rMKoBcKyro nrpyruKy.
Bocuurarels
n6paulaer rrx BHtrrMaHr4eHa paaHorlBeruufi yaop ua
KpyroB, roqen, KoJreqen. flocne yxparueHr{fl Aer(oparr{BnbrM yaopoM
rrrr,rqxa 4eficrnutenblro craHer HpacllBofi, cnaaorrHofi.
R orgerurux
cryqaflx c qeJrbro HarJr.flAHoro rroscuenr4fl cuoco6a
raao6paxreulrfl Aaercf AuAaxrrrqecrtlrfi o6paaeq - ero r4ao6pamenr4e,B
KOTOpOMflCHOBbrCTynarOTTe rrepTbr,Ha KoTopbre HaAo B AaHHoM cJry-
uae o6parlrrr, BHrrMaHrre Aereit, lr y6panrr Bce re, Koropbre MorJrrr
6H orn.[e.rb r4x or rJraBHoro. Bo usorux cryqaflx o6paaeq Mo?r(er
6rrrb sr,ruo.nnen nefirpaJrbHbrM rIBeroM 6ea pacHparur{Baur{fl. Ilnera
geur 6y4yr lprrMeHflTb caMocroflrelruo. O6paBerI AoJr]r(eH6rrro rpa-
MorHr,rM r{ [patsArrBbrlr. fleru He AoJrT+(Hbrero Korruponarr. Ha o6paa-
qe rrpoBoAr4'tcn o6rg.ctteHrre, Aerr4 HaabrBaror qacrrr, o[peAeJlflIor I4x
orHocrrTeJrbHyro Berrlqr{Hy, pacloJro}r(eHrre. B upoqecce pEcoBaHHfl
Aerr4 Moryr BKJrrorlrrrb B r,rilo6paHeHr{e HeKoTopbre AeTaJII4 Ha ocHoBe
cBorrx srre.Iarfl eHurl.
Bocnurarenb
noJrll{eH lroMHr{T1,. rrro voBoenne
5y]-"" -1"-
--
e.n6lreHros yaopa - MaaxoB, Toqex, uo".roc, Ho-
Aer(opaTfiBHoMy
tr
pilcoBaunrc
UOI{ - flBd'IfleTCfl BMeCTe C TeM I4 yCBOeHI{eM RaKO-
ro-. ru6o rexHrrlrecnoro HaBbrKa. Karx4uii aJreMeur
B ysope rroBTopfleTcE o6brrrHo Hecr(oJrbr(o pa3, rroeToMy y 4erefi ecrr
BoBMo?+(Hocrr, yrrparxHrrrr,cfl B ero BbrrroJrHeHrrr4. floBTopeHr4e MaB-
KoB, rorren, rroJroc B yaope paBHoMepuo. flpra nonaae BocflurareJlb IroA-
qepxr{Baer prrrMr4rrHocrr 4nnxeurafi u caMr{M xapaxrepoM r{x r,r trpu-
IoBapr{Barrr4eMKopoTnoro cJroBa, HanpLIMep: (eqe, euleD, (TaK, TaK)).
B rex cJryqaflx, lrorAa yaop coaAaercfl no o6paaqy, Ba?+(Hoe
BHaqeHrre rrlreer BocrIpI4,ETrre ero AerbMr{. flpex4e Bcero BocrMTa-
TeJrb Aaer AerflM BoaMolttnocrb yBrrAerb y-Bop B IIeJIoM. Sarena BbIAe-
Jrf er sJreMeHTbr y3opa, HaShIBaeT I4x, oopailIaer BHr.rMaHLIe Ha I4x
rroBTop. Cyxofi nr4croalxoii Boc[I4rareJlb ynaBhlBaet na o6paaqe IroB-
TOpHbre MaSHrr, TorIKr4, AeJIafl ABrrrteHufl, coorBeTcrBylolqrle rax ueo6-
parfieHlrro. 3artln yroqnrrer rrocJleAoBareJlbuocrr, BbInoJIHeHI{q.
126
lloxas cnoco6oB coaAaHnfl y3opa llooJle ral{oro o6lqcHeuuq Ha
o6paaqe 6btsaer Hylr(eH roJtbr(o-Ha rloptsblx lopax I{ rorAa' KorAa
ycBar{BaeTcf nostrfr TexHr4qecH[rd trpueM, rra[puMep HaHcceHI{e Ma3-
KoB trplrxtl{MaHl4eM HI4cTI.ITIJIaIIIMfl. ECltl yCuauBaeTcfl TOJIIIIO paC[O-
Jlo?rieHtre y3opa, a EJIeMeHTbI eIrO BHaHOMbI AeTflM, IIOHaSa MO?I(HOI4
,t" 11uuu"o. B uexotopux cJlyrraflx MolKHo BbISBarb HecfioJtEKo Ae'refi
AJrf roro, qro6r,t oHIr HapIICOBaJII{ Ha uo.lr6epte Te IIJII{ Apyrl4e
rracTu y30pa.
Ftor4a naxoe_nu6o nocrpoeHrle ysopa Aaorcrr B[epBbre, oopasell
rrotsropflercfl AeTbMI46es usN{e6eHr4ii.Ho Ha cJIeAyOtqeM 3aHflTI4I'IoHI{
N{oryT I{[]MeHIITb qBeTa cpaBHIITeJIbHo c o6paeqov IIJII{ AOII6JIHI{T6
ysop HoBblMr{ eJreMeHrarura.R arr{x cJryqaflx ts o6pasqe HaMeqaeTcfl
Jrr{rrrb cxeMa [ocrpoeHlrf y3opa. lloc.negyroqrre 3aHflrr'rf, llpoBoAflrcfl
HoMy. floeroMy cJleAyer rIpI4MeHflTb raKrle MeroAbI o6y're-nraa, noto-
pbre He nplrBeAyr Ir oAlroo6paal{m clloco6oB Bblpa?r(eH[fl' HaupflMep,
cnoco6 pacIIoJIo?IteHLIfl 143()6pameHr,Ifl Ha yawoii IIoJroce He MoEter
6urs e4uncrBeHHbIM I,I o6flaarerbHbIM Bo Bcex cJryqaflx.
Tan, ecrlr Aerlr I4ao6pax(alor MalrrIrIrbI, Koropble eAyr Iro Aopore'
TO HOMrrOSr4III'IflHa rloJroce rloMoraer opraHl4SoBarb pI{cyHoK' ilPtr-
AaTb eMy qerHocTb Ir BbIpaSI4TeJIbHOCTb.B gpyrorrl cJryqae' KorAa
4erra raao6paE(aror rlblrrJrflT, 6eraroilllrx no ae,nenofi TpaBHe, oHrr Mo-
ryT pacloJrararr, rrx IIo BceMy Jrrrcry. Ecnn QnrypKr4 rlbrnJrflr pe6e-
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xapanrepHyrc rpoplry, ee oco6enuoc'Iu tr AeraJIII. HosriNr flBJttlercu
ooo6oe BHr{MaHrre r paeuoo6paaun Qoprurr.
f{ern rrtlpe4arcT Tan}r(c B plrcyHxax .flpxocrb u lltllxHocrb IIocJIeA-
Hr{x oceHHr{x qtserots, oceHHlorc onpacny JlIrcTBtI AepeBr'eB. 3'ro qnc-
roeoe 6orarcrBo ,rryqlre Bcero Bblpaglrrb HpacKaMI4. Oceunlle qoe-
l llplr yclonlrr{, ecJrn Tal{r{c MarepuaJrr't yAaoTcu npno6pcc,tr
149

'NbI-- HOToTI(I{! HeMaxpOBLIe leopll4Hbr' qIIHI{II' acTpLI -- AeTI4 I{306-
,
pa)Halor c Harypbl . llep0n HilMtr cpasy craB!'trcf HoBut'rpe6oBaHrle -
fiepeAaqa xapaKrepHbli oc<-, 6enn<iiTefr uucrrno 3roro, na6.nro4aeruoro
\
rIBerKa: cre6eJlr, Mo)fier 6r,t'rl npxuofr uiltt HafiJIoHIrbIfr, Jlrrcrbfl y3-
Hrro, [poAoJIroBaTF,I0 nJrLI sy6qaTLIe, Jlerlecrr(rr uBeTHa
-
cy}Italoru4ecfl
K KoHrIy r4JIIt pacilrilpsloilIlreofl. Xopouro iloAo6parb ABa paBHbIx
rl-Berr(a, HalpIIMep acrpy rI I{r4IrI{ru, cpaBIrI4Tb I{x Me}fiAy co6ofr v
rropeAarr, B plrcyHKe pasrnttl4fl UO {topue, crpoeHr4lo, IIBery.
Ilepe4 l{ao6pa}fieHrreM qBeroB BocnldrareJlb HalrpaBJlfler Aerel4 Ha
calrooroflre;rtnr,rii nu6op Qopnrata 6ylrarlr, cllpa[IlrBafl Ir\ Ha RaRoM
Jrffcre yAo6Hee Ir KpacuBee pacnoJlotnurl' erl4 qBerbl.
,[etlr 6y4yt
yqrrrr,cfl coorHocr{rE, rFopry ilpeAMera c Qopuatou JII{Cra, I4 ItOMIIo-
srrrlrrrr craHyr pasHoo6pasHee.
ocennss ttp"poga r4Hrepeclra u ^Mr Ha6rroAeHr4tr 14\IIfl Ilao6pa-
?fieHr,rq. Oxpacmy ocerrHux AepeBbeB AerIr Moryr nepeAarb rooJle
C I4X TeMHbIMII OTtsOJtaMIIIl 6OrarC'reoN{ OTTeHKOB qBeTa JII'ICTB6I.
Ilapucoeao BareM Ir Apyroe AepeBo, AerI'I Moryr Bblpaalrrl cBOe o6IIIee
BneqaTJIeHIIe OT OCeHHero Jleca I4JIII llapKa. flpu'aton
oHI4 IpI{BIIO-
cflT I4 Te BIIeIIaTJIeIIIII, Itoropl're [oJlyqIIJi Ha]KAbIl{ I{3 HIIX B OTAeJIb-
llOOTI{, TITO TYIIU]E SdMETI{JI.
?I{elarelsso, vro6sr HapTr{Ea ocer{rlcro flapKa He gpeAcTaBJr.EJIa
co6oii rroc:raBJrerrHf,rx B oArrH prrA AepeBbelt. AerflM cJreAyer rrpeAJIO-
}I{IIT6IIoAyMaTbotsoSMo}I{Hoc'r'Ixpir0lloJl0}fieHl{.gAepcBbeB'RycTap_
rirrKOB, nOr'IflHbJ,AopOrI{ u up. C a'r'ori qensro IIOJIcBIIo IIOKaSaTbIlM
rlocnoJtbKo Kaprr{H (uoxno rr r13 KHr4r), n KoroIlbIx llo-pasHoMy pac-
IroJroEreHr,l Aepetsbn rr RycTapHLrr{r{, na<16pa}FienbrpasHbIe IIopoAbI
AepeB6eBlIBKJ1()IIeHb]ApyII{eIlp0AMeTbI'cltoTopI,IMIIAeTI4V}+(e
3ItaKOMbI.
Itaprlrul]l AarcTcfl He AJrfl Korrr{poBalrrrtr, a roJrbno AJ1fl paccMaTplr-
BaHfifl rr pa3roBopa o pacnoJrox{e}rtrlt r43o6pa?ncHr{ii.Itor4a AerI{ Ilp[-
cTyraloT K pr4coBallrlK), KapTI4UbI yol{parcT'
H0 o6saareJrbrro rpe6oB&rb or BCeX Aereii AeJreHrr.EJrrrcra Ha
Atsc qaoru, oAHa Ir3 KOrOptIx 6y4er ueo6pa?fiarl' 3eMJIrc' a Apyra'fl
-
ne6o. IJecs Jrr4cr MOiffer rpeAcraBrrrrr, co6oit seMJrro, Ha HOrOpoft
pacryr llcpetsbfl r4 fiycrapntrlru.
IlalHHo, uto6r,r Aerrr rroHrIJIII, tlro
oArln AepeBbtr pl{cylorcs 6.IrIIxe H [OpeAHeMy KpaK) JIlICra' Apyrue
llaJrbIrIe or Hero, tr raK IlepeAaercE rJIy6IrHa npocrpaHcrsa' Bce
AepeBbfi AerI{ rtona 6ynyr raao6paxatl oAI4HaHoBo KpyrIHbIMr4 TIJII4
MeJrKr4M!1,HCSaBI4CTIMOOT IrX yAaJICHI{fl.
06y.ran Aerefr HOMTIo3ITIIIoIIHLIMyMeHIrflM' cJleAyer oopauarb lrx
BHI{MaHIIeHapaclloJlo?fieHuenpeAMeTotsBI{JIJIIocTpaql{'Ix'aTaK?fie
rprl aHaJIrlBe AeTCKIIX pI4CyHROB.
150
Cre4yer no6yrr4arr 4erefi, KpoMeqsreHrrrt nprdpoAr,r,uao6paxarr
BAaHrI.E,rpaHcrropr, yJrr.rrlbrceJra rrJrrr ropoAa. Honoe coAep?fiaHr{e
rpe6yer r4 HoBoro Barraca nueuarnenuri, IpoBeAeHr4.sna6.nro4enufi
BHe AeTCKOTO Ca[4.
Teuofi Aercnrrx prrcyHnoB Moryr 6rrrr o6rexrhr poAHoro ropoAa
vrlrv ceila, mrrarrb nro4eii, rrx rpyA. Oco6euuo qacro Aerr{ raao6pama-
Ior BAaHr{fl paa;ru.rnofi Qoprrlu, uponopqrafi.
flerra uoryr Br,rfioJruflrb noJrJrenrrrBHyro pa6ory [o rnrry rofi, Ko-
ropafl AeJraJracbo crapruefi rpynue. Teuepr ona 6y4er paanoo6paa-
Hee rro coAep]fiaHr4ro. ]t uao6pa?r(eHr4ro a4auufi rroa]r(e go6an.rnn'rcn
Apyrue npeAMerbr, noflBJrqrorcfl AeraJrrr. OcnosHag pa6ora Molr{er
6rrrr, nuuoJrHerra Ha BaHsrr4r,r, a AorroJruerr'utr- u cno6o4uoe BpeMfl
orAeJIbHbIMr4AerbMI4 BMecre c Boctllrrareneu. BoculrrareJlb r{Horaa
opraHil3yer prlcoBanfie no ABoe (na ognou .nlrcre).
AsroN{06urr.{ paBHoro HaaHaqeHr4fl, caMoJrerbr, BeproJrerbr Aerr{
Moryr KaK Br,rpeabrBarb,TaK u prrooBarb. Harypoii nocJrylfiar paaHo
o6paBHbre rr xopomo BbruoJrHeHHbrerrrpyrrrnrr nocJre na6rrogennR ua-
rrrrrH Ha yJrrrqe. Puconarr ranoro poAa rrpeAMerbr ryqme lpocrbrM
KapaHAarrroM c nocJreAyrorrlr4M pacHparlrrBaHr{eM rIBeTHhrMr{ Ka-
paHAarxaM14.
Bocnlrrarell
AoJr?r(eHyMer6 paeuoo6paar4rb coAepmaHrde rr reMa-
Trrny prrcyHxoB B eToT nepr4oA, HcnoJrbSyfl BrIeqaTJIeHufl, IIoIyqeH-
Hbre Aerr,Mrr Bo BpeMfl na6nro4enr.rfi npnpo4u u.flsreHrafi oHpymarorqefi
4efrcrnlrte.nbHocrrr, KaK B AercKoM caAy, TaK rr BHe ero. Ha coAep-
)r(aHr.repr4cyrrKoB BJrr4flroTTaH?Ite xyAolnecTBerrHbre BfleqaTJrerrrrfl, no-
ryqeHHr,re AeTbMrr rrocJre nocenleHr,rfl r{r{pfta, TeaTpa, [ocJre IIpocMoTpa
HuuoQlrnrlroB, TeJreBr4BI{oHHbrxrrepeAaq.
,(enoparrannoe pucoBaHr4e ryrrrxe Haqrrrrarb c ynparrreHr4fl rrpeA-
MeroB cflMMerpuqnorl Qopurr. Ecnra aHaHr{-fl rr yMeHrrfl y 4ereii xo-
porrrr4e,MoErHo Aarr, Ha unr6op [peAMerr,r paanofr Sopuu r{ HanoMHr4rb,
KaK HaAo rrx yxparuarr. floleauo Ao BaHqrfifl BbrBecr4rbn rpyuuoeofr
HoMrrare pn4 o6paaqos. Ha err.rx o6paaqax Bocrrr4TareJrbBblfloHfler,
uto o6ulero B yaopax rr qro paarurruo, rrro AertrM oco6euno upa-
.BI4 Tcfl, Ka?fiercfl HpacrlBbrM. flocre aroro coaAar{lrcf yaopbr rro Ba-
MbICJIV.
B yaoprr Mo?+rHoBBecrr4 aJreMeHTbrocennefr ilpupoAhr - )r{eJrrhre r{
RpacHLIe Jrr4crbfl, flroAbr pn6raHrr u np. BerHa c Jrrlcrr,ffMrr rrJru trro-
AaMrr Mo)fier 6trrr [oMerleHa B cepeAr4HeKpyra rrJrrrMHor.oyroJtbHrrxa,
a [o fiparO cAeJraHo yKparxeHr{e B BnAe MaJleHrrnr{x Jrr.rcTorrnoB,oT-
[erbHbrx flroA u np.
,(na 4exoparrrBHoro pr4coBaHr{fl BocrrrrrareJrb Aaer AersM xpeA- ,
Merrr paaJrrrvnofr @opubr, Br,rpeaaHrrbrer4B 6ylraru.
Iloeqnna
oceHb, HorAa rrvc"rbtr c AepeBbeB y?fie o6lereru
Lr
qacTo rrAeT Aol+(Ab, coSAaeT r{Hoe HacTpoeHrre, rreM paHH.Efl soJloTafl
oceHb. fletra pr.rcyror r(pacxaMr4 ne6o, noHpr,rroe cepr,rMlr ryrraMrr, Mo-
Itpyro TeMHyrc SeMJrro,JryHtrr, B KoTopbrx rrJraBaroT nocJreAHr{e JrrrcTbff,
roJrbre noqepueB[rue AepeBr,fl , nerpensrfi AeHr, c Ao]fiAeM, HorAa
Berr{r{ AepeBr,eB rHyrcfl B oAHy cropoHy. Tanoe coAep}r{aHne prrcyH-
151

Ka BbISOBeTHeO6XOAUMOCTbIlO3HaItOMl{TLCflC IIeCfiOJIbKt4MI4OTTeHIia-
Mrr ceporo IIBera: 6onee teunoro lI cBerJloro, ctlpo-roly6oro
(so-
Aa B Jlyffiax), cepo-metrroro (ysn4tlran 'rpaea).
Pucyuxlr, BbItIoJIHeHrIbIeB paaHble neplloAbl oceHlr, paccMorperb
O A€TI'MI4 I{ oTMeTuTb, qeM OHI4 oTJlIt{aIoTCq: B OAHIIX flpHafl IIB€-
roBafl raMMa, B Apyrl4x coBceM 4pyroil KOJlOpIrr.
'l'an,
cnou n[e-
qarJreHlrfl o6 oHpyxtarcqeM Aertr rlepeAalor B prlcyllxax, ficrroJlbayfl
AJrR aroro paBJIuqHhIe uao6paauroJltHo-BhIpaBlITeJIbHbIe cpeAcrBa
(pnru, HoJloprIr.xonnoanqnru).
B I Hnaprare Aerld noJryqaror IIenoropble HoBbIe slraHt{fl vI
yMeHrrfl, KpoMe roro, or rurx rpc6yercfl paaHoo6paanoc npuMeHeHne
rex yuennft, ttoroplle oull npno6peJlu panee.
Oco6oii opraHI4BaIII4I4 B llo4rorostlrerbrioli
K IrrnoJle rpyrrlle rpe-
6yror aannTrrtr uo SaMbrcJry 4ereii. Bocnllra're.1b yrrr.tT He TOJTT,HO
npuAyMI'IBarb reMy AJIfl pllcyltna, HO tr{ rpe4craBJltlrb ce6e, ltan pa-
6ota
"6y4er
BbIrJItIAerb' rrro Ir rAe 6yget paaMeillarlcr, xaHn'rau 6y-
gyr nao6palr(eHr{fl. I{oHoqHo, MHouoe erqe AorroJrHlrrcrr B rrpoqecce
plrcoBaHr{fl, uo pe6enoH AoJl}fierr 3HaTr,, C rrero eMy HaquHaTb u IITO
yrItr{Tr,rBaTL,BLIIIoJIHSSrlepBoe nao6parxcnrle. fl;raHlrpoBaTb Ae'II{ Mo-
IyT He TOJTbKOHa CJTOBaXr{ B yMe, rr0 r4 rraMerra-sHa 6yrual'e N{ecTa
HeKOTOpbTXU3O6pa?fieHI,Ifi.,(eUr rytlue IIoHnMarcT' qro r{ I'Ae HaAO
6y4er puCOtsaTb, BbIIIOJIHffl IIJIJIIOCTpaqITUHa C6rlfieTbl cItaSOK' cTIr-
xoB n paccKa3oB.
BaxHo HanpaBlaTb BHI4MaHtto 4etefi ua co6br1'flfl oxpvrHarcqerl
lttlrl;Hrr, IIcIIoJIbaotsaTb rax JIIttlHLIri ollrt. floatouy MolItHo [peAIoE(I{Tb
14B06paBr4Tb.ITo-,tIa6o I{B BIIetlaTJIcuui sr'rxriA}IOIO AHfl, lt3 JI0THIIx
BrreqarJleHI4h u r.4. Hyxrro raK]fie rrpno6ularr, Aoreri K r{}rrepecaM,
IroTopbIMI4 ?I(I4BeTRC'I CTpaHa: [oJIeTbI KOCMOHaBTOB,CTpOI{TeJIbCTBO
ittltJlrJx a4anufr, coopylr{enlle Mooroll 14 lIp.
flpHo nponBJlflercfl rBopqecrBo 4ereii n rpo{ecce l{JlJllocrplrpo-
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O6paaUrr: eTO CRaBHn npo aafruar, rl IIpo coBy, I{ rrpo oO;r1ro6ur'rii
repeMon I{ r.A.
fIo pucyrrnaM, BL,IIToJIHeHHbIMHa 3Tl1 cIoifierbI, Aerr4 c IlHTepecoM
rroTOM BHOBb coqIIHgIOT pa3rlble IlOTopl.Itl, nan 6lt lIpoAoJllfiau cBOn
CKASHII.
B HOnqe I xnapra.na lroMbtcJrbl gereii uocnr,rTaTeJrcCOCpeIOTOqU-
Baer Ha [pasAHI4Ke oHra6pn. Bolee ulllpolto' {eNl pdH}:lrre, oH [peA-
JraraeT oTpaS[ITb I]IIeqaTJleHufl oT yKpalucHHOl-0 ropoAa l{JII{ CeJIa'
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/IO.[r'oBauoMI{HaeTCflAeTtIM CaJIIOT.A
'rCu, }t'l'o caNr K0 BI4AcJlcaJIIOTa'
BOCIlr{TaTeJIbMo?fieT IIORaSaTb Ha HaplIl}IaX, a 3aTeM IIpeAJloxtlITt'
Hapr4coBarb.
[,ln aroro oH Aaer reMIIy() 6yruary'
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xan caMoe IrHrepec-
Hoe-orHIIcaJIIoTa,ToIIeAaroIcoBeTyeTBHIISyJII{cTaI{apl|coBaTb
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IIyqKoB orHeii canrora. CJreAyer [o6eceAoBarl' c Aer]'MI'I o roM, Ha-
Koro qBera orHI{, ftalt oHI4 BSJIeran'r 6yHerolr u pacxo/rfl'l'cfl no He-
152
6y, a noroM [aAar)r BuIIB, ouncaB Ayry. Moxtuo cJIerKa HaMerI4Tb
KapaHAaIuoM MeCTORalfiAolo lryqKa I{ Ayrl't, IIO KOTOpIIM OHI' pa3Jle-
TaruT0fl, a froroM pr,rcoBarb KpacKaMI4.
Br,r6paa Ha[6oJree KpacoqulJe) flpnl{e pl{cyHnlr, BocnlrrareJlb Mo-
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ero rpyflnotsyrc HoMHary.
II KBaprarI
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flpoBoAfl ua6nrc4enrE Bo BpeNrtr nporyJlon, a rartrrte paccMarplrBafl
KaprrrHbr xyAo?r(III4Itoe.Ile4aror o6panlaer BIIITMaHITe4e'refr na cnoe-
o6paerae arrMHero KoJIoprITa: o6\rJrve 6e;roro cHera trrreMHbIe cHJIyarbI
AepeBbeB. [Ipe4ruerrr Ha 6eJIoM cHery Ka?+(yrcf IraI{6oJIee qerKllMIr I4
KOHTpaCTHbIMLI.
B prrcyHfta-\ o Br{Me Aerx ilrolryr r.rao6palnrl' BeceJIbIe urpbl,
Jre[Ky cnemnoi..i 6a6ut, rtaranlle Ha ..rIrI]I{ax,IIa caHxax, nrpbl B cHe}r{-
nra. [Ipu B[,InoJIIIeHI{I,IplrcyHna Hy)r(Ho ucIroJIbSoBarb rIoBceAHeBHbIe
na6nro4enur yqacrxa Aercfioro caAa rI ilpe/I.rloxtltrb AerrM llepeAarb
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rapHfiKoB, r{BropoAl u np. flpra prIcoBaHlII{ lerefr Hy]I{Ho pefioMeHAo-
Darb ilMerr, B BI{Ay Ko}lKperHr'Ix ltocilItraHIII4RoB rpynnbl I{ craparbcf
rrepeAarb oco6enrroctlr I{x oAe}I{AI'I.
Ha Sone BrIMHero neiieaxa ilpol{cxoAllr 4eiactnlre MHorI,tx pyccnl4x
cKaBoK, HaIpnMep <JInca II Bo.ItK), <Mopoano>, <CnervpouxaD II Ap.
Irlr.nmcrpupyfl r4x, AerI,I Moryr rlepeAarb xapafireprlctnny 4efrctny-
ruuInx ruq, 06cralronHv, uao6paatl'rs qeficrBI{.rI }nIIBorHbIx I,I lm4efr.
FJ arlrx pr{cyHfiax 6olr,uroe BHaqeH14eIrMeer pacrIoJIo?+(eHIrenpeAMe-
ToB r,r uepcouatrteii: rrplt rrpaRI{.rIbHoM pactto.]lo}fieHIrI,IcoAep}r(aHl{e
craHoBlrrcfl 6o,ree rronqrlrt'IM tr ItbrpoSlrreJrLubIM.
Bocnurarers o6paulaet BHuMaHI{e 4eroi,i na uao6parHenne cfiasoq-
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AorroJrHflTr, pr4cyHon nexoropblMI'I AeraJIqMIr. TaH, nartpraMep, BoJI-
lie6nr,rri cyrrAyqon Marnensnu B cKaBKe <MopoaHo> lromet 6rrrs
yfipaureH flpnlrM AeKOpaTI4BIILIMyaopoM. Cuerypouxy, Koropyrc Aerll
n306pa111aloro 6oIl'ttt(tii ;trc6osblo rI cllMtrarttt'ri' coBeryer HapflAllr6
B Kpacr{Byro my6xy, capatpan. tr4uenno B rrporleoce pucoBaHl4fl [O
CIta3KaM pe6eIrOK sarl6ottee lI(UIHo Mo?fieTBI'rpaBIIIlb CBOeOTHOIIIeHI{e
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qepeS 3MOIIIIOHaJIbHOeOTHOilreHI'leK l{so6paEraeMoMy'
Pa,4ocrnoe A,ns Aereil co6urue - IIpa3,r(Hrrr( noooro4uefr elxlr.
Ii nepuo4 rroAroToBr(r4H rreMy Aeru loilyqaror MHOIO flpntlx Rneqar-
n"*r"il, noropbre MolnHo orpaar.{rb B prrcyH6ax. Onra y'*(e yMelor
pl.rooBaTbeJrKy, Terrepf, rrx Brrr{Manr.reo6parqaeTcfl Ha cTpoeHlle eJIo-
BOii Berfirr. fl,rt pnconarrtrs c Harvpr'r, Koropoe MolItHo rlpoRecrrd I'I
KpacKan{r{, r{ KapaHAaIrIaMIt, tlpt{lloToB.ilflIoTCfl MaJIeHLnrre BeTOqxu
erKlt. Jlyqrtre [puHpeilI{rl] ttx Ira .[r{crbl 6etoin 6ynaaru II pa3l{arb no
153

croJraM.,(eru gonrxHbr xopouo paccMorperb cBolo Beroqr(y. Boculr-
TareJrbHa[paBJrrrerpaccMarprrBaHrre,SaAaBaflAerflM Bolpocbl: tIpE-
MAfl BETKA IIJII'I IISOTHYTAfl, CI(OJIbI(OY HEC PASBETBJIEHITii,TAH OTTTA
orxoAflT or ocHoBHort nernll, HaH pacrroJlo]fieHbI IrroJIKIt xBolr, Kar(
aanaHqfltsaerorr fiat(Aafl Beroqna. flocne roro KaK [erI,I xoporuo pac-
cMoTpflT BeTKy, IIeAafOf Crlpall]lrBaeT, c qero HaAo HaqLlHaTb plrco-
Barh, KaH pac[oJroEtrrrr, Ha rl4cre 6yuarz ocHoBHyIo BerKy,
'Iro6rt sce
[oMecrr4Jrocr, lr 6ir.rro HpacrrBo. Pracynon AerI4 BbIrIoJIHtrroT caMocrofl-
roJrbHo. lloc.ne prrcoBaHr{.fl oHIl BHoBb paccMarpl{Balor Beroqny ll
cpaBHLIBaror c roft, Koropylo HapI{coBaJII{.
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JIEIIIIE ETOTIHOTO6AAAPA,UAO6PAAITTT,KAK POAI4TEJIIIHECYTEJIKII, KAK
AeTIr paAyrorcfl, qTo I{M KyIII{JII4 eJIKIr, I4 T. A.
Ha aangrrasx Aer(oparrlBHbrM plrcoBaHIreM Aerlr AeJralor IroaApaBlr-
TeJrbHr,re ornpbrrr{rr ra 6nneru. Jlyuure Bcero ilpeAocraBl{Tb IdM BoB-
MOILHOCTbrrpr4AyMarb coAep)fiaHr4e caMIrM, Ho IrpeABapIrTeJIbHocJIe-
gyer no6eceAoBarb o roM, rITo I4 Kar( Molr(Ho Hapl{coBarb Ha MaJIeHbKofi
orKpbrrKe. Moxtuo Ao 3aHErr4fl rlor(a3arb yAaqHble pIIcyHKIr Apyrux
4ereli roro ?r{e Boapacra r4;ru FoAXo[flIrII4e pIlcyHItI'I xyAo]nHlrnoB'
Bocunrare,nb rar(F(e Molr(er norrpocl4Tb qerefi npunecrlr HoBoroA-
rrr4o orKphrTnr,r,ilprrHocl{T caM, I4 BCe BMeCTeOHI4I4X paCCMaTpIrBaIoT,
HaxoJtrflT nau6onee ftpacI,IBbIe, flpHlre. Sareu AerI4 pl4cylor caMo-
croflTeJrbHo, oulr ucnoJlbSyrcT paSrurlFrble MorIrBbI: cHelfiI4HI(H, eJIOTI-
H TE BETOIIKI{, YRPAIIIEHHbIE I{TPYIIIKAMI4, AEg MOPOA, CUETYPOU-
Ka r{ Ap.
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qro6rr rrpurJracI{TeJrbHbIe 6ureru [oryrlrrJll{cb npaBAHuqHbIMI{, Ha-
pflAHbrMr,r.f{eru aarevr H l(a}fiAoMy Qony no46npalor IIBeroByIo raMMy.
lloc,ne ilpaBAHIrHa B AercnoM caAy B clo?fierHblx prlcyHxax Haxo-
Aflr OrpaE(eHr4eyrracrBoBaBruI,IeB HeM [epcoHa]r(u: [e4 Mopoe, Cne-
rypoqHa, BafirruHr.r, cHerfiI4HKI{; IrepcoHa]r(ll IrB cI{a30K: Anenyurxa,
[tpacnaa ITTanovHa, MaJIbqIrK c ilarbrll,rn I,I Ap.
B xax4or,l AercKoM ca4y npaBArII,IH [pIrHocI,IT cBolr B[eqarJreHlrg.
t{ro6r'r
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I(arb r4 oco6eHHocrlr ItocrIoMOB, I{ TaIrqeBaJIbHbIe 4anxeuun (o4na
pyna r.rJrn o6e aaxpyrJleHHo rroAHflrhl, Hora nocraBJleHa na Ha6lyH
u orcrasreHa II Ap.), n pasfiuqfte B pocre, HanplrMep f{e4a Mopoea
u Cnerypouxu, ra o6rqyrc HpacoqHocrb [paBAIrIrKa.
[eurporu r(oMIroBHqI4I4 pLIcyHKa fluilflurctr yxpalrreHHafl eJIKa, Ko-
ropyro Aerr{ ceAbMoro roAa Moryr lrao6paallrt 6onec 4eraJlbHo Ir
TLrIareJrbHo,6oree uupaBI{TeJIbHo, qeM MraA[rrae.
,(lx pI4cyHHa, or-
paffiaroqero npaBAIrI,IH eJInIr, cJIeAyer Aarb 6onturue JIIrcrbl 6yuarra,
qro6rr erra 6rrna AocraroqHo Hpynnofi I4 Mo?r{Ho 6trno na nefr napu-
coBarb paar[trnbre r,rrpylrrxlr. Ha cre4yroqeM saH.srl{ll Mo]r(Ho Bonpyr
eJrKr{ HaprrcoBarr, Irepconaxefi [pa3AHI,IHa. B nporlecce BbIrIoJrIreHIrf
ranoro prrcyHr(a AerI{ neperoBaplrBalorcfl Me}fiAy co6ofr, coBerylorcfl
C BoctIIITaTeJIeM, IIp14IIoMI{HaIOT eII14SOALI ilpaBAHIIKa' OTAeJIbHhIe
IIECHIT, IIJIflCKTI.
154
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pa5or 4ereft fioAroroBnrenrnofr K [IItoJIc rpyflIrll AJIfl Bcex BocIrIlTaIr-
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4e'refi, craparbctr yna3arb llocerrITeJIEM Ira ro, tITo B III{X I{HTe-
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Aercr{oro caAa.
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pasAeJry, HauplrMep AeKopaTI'IBITOMypI{coBaHI{IO.
fleHoparunnoe pucoBaulre Bo I I KBapraJIe orpollTcr{ rJIoBlIl,IM
o6paaou Ha yxparuonnra ntlulttii, BbIrIoJIIreHIIblx l{3 6yltallr, Kaprolla,
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flpe4naputeltutl
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psn neutef, (Hopo6ouHra, trIHaTyJIKlI, 6,lto4a, qarilHlr rI r'A') c pa3-
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fieur eaue.ralgT, KaK pI{TMI4TIHOIIoBTOpfIOrctI OAHI4I4 Te }I(e ,?JI€MeHTbl
opHaMeHTa.
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.
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Aerr{ roroBflr rroAapnl{ caMoro paeuoo6pasHoro xapantepa. Ramtro
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u qyBcTB o MaMe, ?I{eHI{IftIaX.
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155

Pnc 8 <F{aH s rroMoraru MuMeD.
rra3aTb rr().iloH{oHfl()KOplryca ilpt{ cT}rplto, IrollMLrTaHfil,rrroJra n r. ll.
llco ua6.rrru4arcr, Han or{ 3TO /le,raer, r,1AVMart)r, Han:)ro r.rBo6pa3rrrb.
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B p lrcylr Ft().
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)r{('rrcr{oNryllHr(]. BocrrilTaTeJrr,ycTpaIrBaeT Br,rcTaBHy pllcyrilroB- (rlop-
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il.!'fial)o/{rroro }Hencr{oro AHfl cTaJra Mr.rMo3a. FIe6o"rrr,rrranReTOqi{a
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6vmaltr. ,(rn nl,rrrcuurlHl,rt{aroro pr,rcyrKa ryqure r.rcrroJrr,Bonarbryartrb,
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cro,rriltr'r,n Hil?{{/Iaflrrapa AcrOi't nepcla0T oco60rrilocril crlocii r}rfrrtlt.
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156
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crryrrarb 6oii HypanroB, roAoiiru H Matssorelo JIeHI4Ha, oKpylr(eH-
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Itperu.ren ro.rrr,Fto[o ltaprl,IH]talr.,{ ,a I'I TcM, KTo lro66IBaJIHa nJrolqaAu'
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MaSItr{. TOqHU.
157

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Mafi - Mccflrl pacuycxaHrlq recubrx r lloJreBbrx rIBeroB, Becen-
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qrrTaK)r n paccKaSF,rBaroT,HaxoArrT oTpa}}(eHr{e B il3()6pa3r.rrerr,Hoii
AerrTtiJrr,II()cTI4.
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158
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ABa pasa AeKopaTIrBHoe, a TaKX{e SaHflTIr'I U() flpeABapI4TeJIbHOMy
na6nro4enltlo I{ ilo noo6paxenuro na ocnbBe rrpotlnraHHoro, Ir ABa
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npeABapr4reJrr,noMy rra6;rro4ennro LlJrrr rro Jrr{reparypHoMy npor{BBe-
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aanqrlrfi pr{coBaHr.reM c Harypbl I4 AenoparIIBHLIM coxpaHflercfl.
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rJrflAHoM MareprraJre. fiern yvarcfl orBeqarb u o6GflcH-Erb ApyrnM.
Heo6xoglluocrb prrcoBars Ha rJIaBax y Bcex AJIfl nonaaa I{ rroflcHerlrrfl
cnoco6a pa6oru flpl{yqaer AeiicrBoBarr 6rrcrpee, 6rttr naxogqlrB},IM .
tr4eo6paauteJIbHafl AefreJIbHocrr' cBflBblBaercfl c paBJrItqHLIMIIMo-
MeHTaMrr u co6HTrasN4u4etcHoii }ItrrBHIr. Paen[saercn nclo6paxeHne,
na6;rro4arenbHocrr,, yMeHrre nprrAylrarrr rr [opeAarr, e neo6paxeunlr
cHaaoqnuii o6paa. 9elr 6oraqe BIIeqarJleHrr.E,reM ,rerqe [pnAyMarr,
coAepE{alrIIe pncyHKa.
fIo-nonolry opraHI{ByercE arIaJII{3 HarypbI, raK
o6y-ueHne
HaH tsHuMarrlre gereii o6parqaorca Ha I4I{AI,IBITAy -
IlSOOpa'I(eHr{K)
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aJrbHLIe xapanrepHble IrpI{3Hanl{ HaxoAflIrlerocn
flepeA HrrMlI rlpeAMera, a lrepeAarla I4x rpe6yer
rroBTopHoro BOcfiplr.srlrfl II B rlpoqeCce B6ItIOJrHenl4fl IISOOpa)fieHIt.s .
Ierra ue cpaBy Hayqalorcfl orpr,IBarbc.q or HeBaHoHqeHHoroI'r3o6pa?+re-
IJI1{tru BHOBb CMOTperb Ha Harypy, a 3areM Bo:lBpaqarlcfl K IIocJIe-
AyroqeMy arany raao6paxenzn. O6paa [peAMera IIocJIe ero aHaJrl{3a
Ao HaaraJra lrao6paxennfl AorlE{eH 6srtr cQopMIrpoBaH Aocraroqlro
xopouo, rrro6bl Mo?nHo 6lr.[o sr'IuoJIHr{Tb uao6paxteulre IIo IraMsrI{
r4 Jrr4[rb B.OTAeJIbTIIJXCryqatrX BHOBb Bl]rJIfAbIBaTb Ha HerO.
flpu no46ope MoAeJreii IJIfl prrcoBaHIrfl BocrII{rareJIb AoJI?r(erro6-
paqarb BHrrMaHrIe He roJrbno Ira AocryrlHocrL IIX 4la uao6palr(eHl{fl,
Ho r{ Ha xyAo}fiecrBeHHocrb caMoro o6paaa. Halpnlrep, nernu [i .ner
AaeTCfl AJTU pl{coBal]vfl C HaTypI'r IIrp)/rilKa cHasoqHbIII I{OHL cII B-
na-6ypHa. O6paa KoHfl rrepeAan oqeHl BblpaarrreJrbno: Hpytofi nsrw6
uIefi, IrJraBHafl Lll:alrtt roJloBLI, Hor. Bce 3TO XOpOUTO3arrOMI4HaCTCfl
AerflM. Oulr nao6pamaror RoHs rlpocrLIM KapaHAaIxoM, rlepeAaror
oco6eHHocrrr ero clrlJryara. tDopua He gpoSntcn Ha qacrll - oHa
159

nao6paffiaercfl nJtaBHor,ic.rrr,rrnoriJruHr4ei.i.Or croro prlcyr{ofi npr.ro6-
peraor Hpacory, Bbrpasrrre.rrbHocrb.
B 4pyroru cJryqae tsoclrr.rrare,irbAaer coBeprrreuHorro-nHoNrype-
ureunr,riio6paa neceloro K.lroyHa.3ro npHaa AenoparuBnafl lo rIBe-
ry In-pvrtrHa.Ona oqenr o6o6qeua rro rpopue, ycJroBnalr qerr{o Boc-
npulrnMaeTcflrro qacTfM: KpyrJrafl rorrotsHa,TyJroBrrrqeB rjn/{e AByx
rroHycoB,cJIOil{eHHbrxBMecTeocHoBaHut{MI{,F(pyrJraf ttJrocHaflIroA_
craBna. ,I{eru .terxo BocIprrHr4MarcTrrrpylnKy n rrepeAaroree r{Ber-
lroii ryamtru rra cepoM FoHe. Pncvrrox rroJryqaercfl/IcnoparlnlHo-
flplt,|M, BoceJIblM.
Ocuosnas BaAaqarrplr uao6paxrenrrrrlrpe/IMeroBonpyx{arcilIero n
rrprr prrcoBarwvre Harypbr - yfipenrrrb Bpl,treJrr,nyrutraMflrr,.Sroruv
rroMoraer rrporoBaprrBaHrreBcero rrepellocr{Moro r uso6pantenne.
ttor6a pc6euoH pr{cyer r'r He Mor{er rpr.rreJrr,Horrp(y{craBnrr,ce6e
ItaxvIo-. ltl.l6r<)qacrt, t{.nI{ Aorar'Ib, otI HaSt,IBaer(}e trJtr.IoIIp(]n()Jt'Ior
ce cuoiicruo. 3rn lottroracr BcIIoMr{t{Tboe urUI.
Paest,rrtrroaptlrc"rtt,noiiIIaMrITrrrro/lqnurrrt,rcnn ua6nr)A(l{rrr l]rrr}
BaHr{ruii. /{ra ororo Bocrtr.rrarert o'16r,rpat'trreM]rofr.rclr orJluqaru-
rrlrrccfl orrpeAeJreHHbrMIIlrpr.rSHaHaMlrIIpeAMeTbrr{ IIel Frr{-\cocpe-
l(oroqurlaor BHrrMaHucAereii. 14 ols.rr, cJroBocJtvlr(rlTotsnBvrlllilrvr
rJuorroMMr)lI{AyBocrpl4trrr.rej\lllpeANreroBr,t rrx rrpilrroMl.nraRr.reM
Ha
3illlTr1{ pltcoBal4oN,t tr,'tttnerrr.tui.i.
[torga n nao6paanrcnl,noii AeflTe,rrr,HocrrrnepoAarorcg rIlJ.leHl,rr{,
o l{ol'op| lMll AerII craJlKlrtsalorctt B pasHoc BpeMR u o Horopbrx ilM
paccKallbrBaJrlr, Ha noMolur, rrprrxollr.IT eoo6paxreHrro, cil()c()6rroc.rr,
rrpe/lcraBlrrs ce6e ro, qero creqrradrrbuo ne na6nronan.
Ae-, __^_ __ _^
Oco6ennocrb Aer{oparr.rnHot-o prrc()Bau tlfl s aroii
lrov{oHue
o'o"tirp"t"rr"ry
I'pyrlrle 3al{.illlqaerctl B ToM' vro o6pa:rtlaMu c.ilv-
pucoBaHrrc
}I{aT npoII38e/I(-rHr{fl AcKOptlTllr]HOI{) ucKyccTBa,
KoropLre Aorr{ caMrr yr{arcl aHaJrr,lltrponats. ilrrlr
allaJrn3 narrpaB.rrfloTtsocl]trTaToJrbcl]orrMrr ilorIp()caMr,{r.rorlpoAo"rleHr.lfl -
nur, <i6orarr(arr cJroBapb 4cr:eii HaauaHrIsMr,rrd'roMnr{Tor}v;lopa, or po-
/(('Jr(runt,txcoqr,taHttfiIIB('ToB.
ilpolranc4eHl.rfl Aexoparl.rBl{oro fcr{vccrtsa, c.rv}rrarquL' o6paerlamr.r
/IJIfl pt4coBaHnR, no46ttpalorofl B rlocJreAoBaroJrbHoorr{VcJro}r{HoHrrflil
ilo parJJruqilbrMcrrrJlqM opHaMoHTa: xox,rloMcr{aflpocntrct,, v3opr,t At}rM_
tttlncn<litrlrpylltltLl, yHpaIIreHflfl, BhlrroJrrreHHbroooBpeM()ilItr,tNrltxy/Iolfi-
rtrilrarilr ilo THarrrr, fiopaMt{He, Ha HOBpax tr rrp.
'l'artu
n o6paaou, 6onsuroe aHaqerrr.r(trrpno6poraor olrcreN{ir.rlrqoc-
I(O0 r'r rocJroAorlaTeJrbHOeSrIalioMcTBo c ilporiltBOI((,rriltrMrrlroliycc,TBa
r rrocranoBxa uepeA AerbMr.t lleJrrr pa6rlrr,r-
AJrf KorJpa, ltJtarna,
AJrrI rroBApaBnreJrbHoro 6r.r .lrera lr up. lleHoropbre pa6orrr flBJrflror-
cr{ fiaH 6r,r ecHnBaMg ner1efi, Henorop},re - vKpat[eHr.reNr caMr{x
nerrqcii.
IIpr.t nr,rrro"nHeHIrrrKoJrJronrrrBHbrx puoyHnoB Boclrr.rritro,nr,opra-
lIr,rByor pa6ory Bcero KoJrJreHr14Barr orAeJrbriLrx rpyrtrr. Ilone4euue
Tlcrrcti 4o.nxrso 6srtt AeJtoBr,lM ,cepbeaHbtM; oAHr,rHo Aod'lll(ublMorrrarb
ApyrIIM, BMeCre C reM CoBeryfcb Apyr c lpyroM, [oror]apr.rBarrcb,
r60
nlr kam (xyAolr{rrr{r(aMD npuAyMarb yBopbt AJIfl xoBpoB. ,I{etra AoroBa-
pfiBArcrcfl Me]xAy co6oih w Haqlr]Ialor plrcoBarb He6orbtul{Ml{ rpyrr-
rraMfi.'B xaxgoii oAr.IH r4B geteit Rnlrercfl I{aK 6u ne4yrqnu. On a
rrpoqecce pa6oru oJreAur, trpaBI{JIbHo JIIt ptrcylor ocraJlbHble. TaHaq
rBopsccHarr pa6ora oqeHb yBJreKaer 4erefi lr cloco6crByer npoflBJle-
HI{IO 14HUIIIIATI{BI,I . CAMOCTOff TEJIbHOCTI4.
Bocnn'raronr,, nciloJrbayfl yMeune Aereii cocraBJrflrb _pq,. tr45llyK)
qBerotsyKl raMMy, npeAJraraer ItM, Hal]pIIMep, TBopqecHoe SaAaHIIe
<Hapncyrii cnoefi .nxr6nuoii Hyxre reruee rrJlarbe). B atou BaAaHut{
pe6eHoK AoJI)+tcHcaMocroflTeJrbHo rrpoAyMarb, Kafioe coqeraHrle qtse-
roB B yaope Mo)fier 6rrrl 4rn rerueii
'TKaHr{. On cau uu6rapaer Qou
(rocurlrare.nb BMecre c AerbMr{ n<lgo6pa.rr IrecHoJILKo rIBerHr,rx 0o-
non). [Ipn rloAroroBKe K aaHrrrr4roMo?nHo [peAJIoHr{Tr, AerflM rIHorAa
roHr4poBarb 6yuary, qro6r,r rroryrmrb 6onee paaHoo6paanr,re orrennrr
(rKar{r,rD. 3arelr pe6cHoK no46npaer rryreM cMerrreHr{ff I{ pas6eJIrI-
BaHr.rfl ry rlBeToByro IaMMy AJrrr y3opa, Koropaf euy 6onsrue Hpa-
nlrrcn (ronrpacrHafl rIJIt{ He?I{HaR,nacte.nuraR).
Ananornqnrre BaAaHrrfl BocnurareJlb Mottter rlpeAJrararb AerflM
rrepeA [IosrrN{ roAoM, t Mas Ii r.A. Haupnnep, ecrIII HaAo rlpI{AyMarb
ySop AJrfl HoBoroAHero [JIaTbfl, Jrr,r]ilHoro KocTroMa, pe6enox AoJI]fieH
llcrIoJIb3oBoTr, TaKI4e SrrMHIIe MOTIIBbI, KaH CHe}l{IIIIKII, SBeSAOrIKU,
eJroqrcr{ r,r
".A.
Bocnntareab rroMoraer AersM no4o6patr @oH 4"tn
yaopa. Han6onee yAaqHbr B aroM cJryqae paarr,rrrnble orreHnrr roJry-
6oro n cr.rnero. flpxne rlBera, xapaxTepHble AJrF rcrnero nepr{oAa
BpeMeHr{ (npacusrii, opanmenlrii, }fierrbrii, uanuuonlrii), uoxuro rax-
}I(e rrcrroJrbilotsaTb AJrfl y:lopa H Jrbrlr{Horvly KocTroMy.
Oqenr BaE{Ho, qro6u Bocnr{TareJrb n AJrfl Aefioparr,rBHoro puco-
BaHrrs mnpono npxBreKaJr na6aro4eur.rfl ofipylfiar)trlr{x lrpeAMeroB r.r
qB,'rerrlrii- aro BHaqIrreJIr,Ho o6oraT lrt Aonoparr,rBHoe rBopqecrBo
,r1ereii.Ha4o nognecrrr nx H rroHrrMaHr{K)Toro, qro rrpeAMer, IlBeror(,
cnJryDT )ltr4BorHoro, rrrr{qbl Mo}fier 6rrru a.rreneHToMyaopa. Bce 4e-
,ro B roM, IIJrr qero oH coaAacrcn. B 4emoparrrBHblx pa6orax r{arqe
ocHOBHOe COAep?+(aHrreysopa cocTaBJIgroT rIBeTbr, Jlr.rcTbt{, trr'oAbr,
BeTOqKn.
fl pn4anan AeflreJrbHocrx /Ior0it AcKopar r{BHo-npr4KJraArrofixa pax-
rop, tsoclrurraTeJrr,Molrer r,rH()fAa (A.rn urprr, ynparrreHrrrr r{HTepbcpa
HyHoruuofi noMHarr,I) AaBarb AerflM rreqarku, qro6rr lronpbtBarb
rftaHb pncyHnoM
yaopoM na SlrrypoH eafruat, MeABelr(ar, crrJryoroB
AoMr,rxa, rrtapur{oB I{ T.A. flernru iloHflTrIee craHer :rra pa6ora rocJre
paccMarpr,rBaHr.r-scoBpeMeHHoro opHaMeHTa, ysopoB Ha TKaHflx. Taras
Aercnarr reMarr{Ka qacro ynpailraer nJrarbtr Marbnfieii.
Bocrrlr:rarerb Mo?r{er ram}r{e trpeAJro}finrb nprrAyMarb yaopbr AJrff
oAelr{Abr KyKoJr, c KoropbrMn 6y,uyr nrparb MaJrIJtrrDr.B a'roru cny-
t61

Ho B HarraJre BarlflTr4q prcoBaur{eM. Ananraa HaprrrHbr HarrpaBJrfl€rrcfl
Ha pacHpr,rTr4exyAo?I{ecTBerrrrbrxcpeAcTB, KoTopbrMrr rroJrb3yeTcffxy-
Aolr(Hrrx. O4uaHo He cJreAyer npeAJrararb AerflM loApaT+(arb, rroAqepn-
HvB,rrro rrM HaAo caMrrM [prrAyMarb cnoco6u Bbrpa]fieHr4trcoAep]fiaHuq.
Hanpranrep, flepeA reM KaK [peAJro]nr4rb AerrrM Hapncoearr <Con-
ne.rHr,lfr suunufi AeHb), tsocnrrrarerb rrpeABap14TeJrbHorrpoBoArrr
na6nrc4eulrfl rra uporyJrne B Jrecy, napxe. On o6paqaer BHr{MaHrre
4er:erl ua flpnocrr,, 6ell.lany cuera ((oH KaH 6u cnepHat-lr Ha coJrH-
qe>), ua qner roly6oro ne6a, Ha ro, r(ax Ha 6enou cHery qpnilMn
rlBeroBr,rMr4 [trrHaMIr BbrAeJrtrrorcr QrlrypHn JIbr]nHrrnoB. Bocnrarare,nr
Tanlfie ynaar,rBaer, uro QltrypHa Jr6rrr{Hr,rnaHa rrepeAHcM rrJrane BHa-
qlrreJtr,Ho 6onrnre, RpylrHee rox JrbrEtH14KoB,noropbre Hararorcr{ Aa-
Jrexo. flocne nporyJlltr.{ BocrrrrrareJlb MoTr(er [pegJro]firrrb AerflM
pacclrorperb pelpoAynutrrr, rrrrJrpcrparlrrr4, Ha Koroprrx uao6pa]+(eHbr
KaTaR)rIrrecfl JIbI)+{Hr{nlrz.
PacclrarpunaHue Kaprr4uox npuo6peraer raxlne rroaHaBareJrbHoe
SHaqeFrlre, flocKoJlr)ny AeTIl BblrroJrHflmT pr4cyHnrr rr r{JrJrrocrpaqrrrr x
cKaSKaM, B nOTOprrrX paccHasbrBaeTcfl 0 rrpeAMeTax, BrrA Koropr,rx
I4M HEIISBECTEH.
IIp" paccMarpr{naHnrl r,rJrJrrocrparlufrcHasoqHoro coAep}fiaFrrrq
Bocrrr{TareJlrcneo6xo4uuo nogo6parL HecKoJtbnonHrlr, B Koropbrx
xyAo?r{Hr{nAocrr4r nau6o.nrruefrnr,rpaaureJrbHocrr{.TaH, n r{JrJrrocrpa-
qlr-qx K Kur4re <Tplr rrae4oe4a>K). Bacneqor coa4aer Hacronrqufi
cnaaoqnsrfi r,rHTepbepKoMHar, rAe ?fir4ByrMeAReAr{:nplruy4.nznofr
Qoprrlr,rlre6e.nl, AoMarur{fiflyrBapb (varuHu, noxtxu).
B urrrccrpaqrrflx E. Paqesa xarx4r,rfi [epcoHa?fi HaAcJrerrcBorrM
xapaKTepoM.BocnrarareJrroHaAocyMerb IIoHaBarbaro AerflM. Onn ne
6y4yr r(orrr4poBarbpr4cyHnr.rxyAolnHr4na,oAHaKoyBrrAflr, KaHMoE{Ho
nepeltarb oco6esnocrr4nocrmMa y Jrrrcbr,naH raao6paarrrbee xr4Tpofi.
B nporlrnonoJro)+(Hocrb
Jrrrce McABeArrxyAolnHlrn [rBo6paxtaerrrpocro-
AyrrrnbrM,4o6puu, 14Hapr4coBarbero HaAo rrMeHHoranrrM.
tr4nrepecuoc /{€rrrMr46 rer coa4arb Kapruunr4 K cHaaHaM<fycu-
re6e4n) nru <tr4saH-qapeBr4rr
u CepsrfiBoJrKD,<Honex-rop6ynon> u 4p.
B croxre'ruoM pr{coBaH14r4BocrrrrrareJrb, r{crroJrraya na6rruAeHr{rr
oFipy?+(aruiltrero,
npeAJraraerranrle reMbr: <Hanr poguoii ropo4>, <Mon
yJrr{qa), oAur, B noropoM fl ?+(r.rBy)r{ T.A. On o6paqaer BHrrMaHr{e
'
llplreusr pa6orsr c pailJlrrqnbrMr4Marepr4aJraMrrB Aer(oparnnuo upr,rxraguofi
AenrerbHocru pacfipr,lrbrB r{Hr{re <Vqurecr, pncoBarb rr Jrerrr{rr,)) .M.. 1969.
2 ltaprlrua <co.nueqsnrl ;lrrnnuii nerr,r lra rroco6ufi B. A. llerrreenofi <tr4r.nrr -
crparuauui Marep14aJrArq pa3Burr4fl lreo6paalrte,rruoro Acrcr{oro rBopqecrBa).
M., 1974.
162
fl 0CO6SHHOCT4ftoJroprrTa BpeMeHII IOAa, cOcToqHI4enpItpoAI'I, 11oI11-
4yl (nacuypHblii, AoE(ArII4BbIfiAeHb IIrII{ npxuii, connevurrfi) .
,[eru c rrHTepecoM pr{oylor }nIrBorHblx, r(oropblx oHIl BlrAeJII4 B
Boorrapnc. PaccuarpunaHt{e l{JlJllocrpaqufi raroro coAep}r(aul4s 06cr-
Hauu Conetcnoro CoIoBa, paccMarprlBafl Kaprlrnrr, anl6oubr, B Koro-
p6rx r{3o6paE(aerc.rl rIpupoAa, cnoeo6paalre JIaHAIIaQra, oco6eHHocru
o4"x4"r nru4efi, )+(IrByIrlIIx Ha yKpanHe, e Cpe4uefi Aauu, Ha CeBepe
Harrreii crpaHbr, I{ r. A.
3a 4 ro4a Aerrr AoJI)r(HbI rrpotlHo ycBorlTb rexHt{-
o6yuenue
qecnrre HaBr,rnrl. OAnaxo IrHorAa Aerlr IrcgaMerHo
TEXIII{qECXIIM
;;;;;;^--
Ar,a Bocrtl4rarerltr yrpaqrBalor
rlpsBIIJIlHbre Ha-
BbIr(I414Ilp[O6peralor npuBbInKy HeBepHo Aep]I{arb
KapaHAaIIr y caMor'o HoHIIa I{ cyAopoE(Ho cE(IrMarb pyr(y. floetonty
TeXHrrKa rrOJtbBoBaH14flKapaHAaIIOM, ItI4CTL'rotpe6yer ilOCTOflHHOIO
BHI{MAHU,fi .
floHaa 4eiictrnfi rpr{MeHqercfl B erofi
KaH HOBLIX IIpITeMOBAaeTCfl MaJIO.
'
Vroqnnrcrcs u o6oraqarcTcfl rIpI4eMLI
qeJrbro Br,rrloJlHsercfl pflA yupamueurafr.
3raqeHHe ynpa?fiHoHt4frA.nlr ycBoeHnR
ycoBeplrreHcTBoBantlr{ yxte I{SBecTHoro.
Bce nouHperHee Hayqalorcfl oHrI oqeHlrBarb pa3rlralue B Ka'{ecrBe
TexHrrqecHofi ctoponrr pa6ot npra nx o6cyxt4eHIIII ilocJle 3aHflrl{s
rr rpn [oHaSax B lraqaJle 3aHflTI4'I.
,(eru npno6peraror BIIaHtrfl, KaK HaAo geicrnona:rl, ycBarrBalor
flpaBrrJra, Ho HaBbIKII Orpa6arr'InaloTgfl B IIpOqecCe pI{CoBaHI4fl I{ JIIIIIIb
Kortra ror Ha Hee cnoco6en.
Bocnrarauut-' y
Aereii ciloco6HocrI{ noJlararbcfl Ha cBorr cI{JIbI'
caMOcTOr{TeJrbHOilpUMeHflTI' IIoJIyqeHHble 3HaHIIg lI yMeHI{t{, cTpe-
II
I
rpyflIle oqeHl' peAr(o,raK
pa6orr'I al{BapeJrblo,c erofr
,Iletu uaqnnarot uouuuarr'
IrofiasaHHoro IIplreMa I'rJrx
163

Mt{Tbct{ K Br,rco}1ioMyHarrecrBy tsbnloJrHt{eMofrpa6oru ra eanepruarr ei,
[peoAoJleBafl Tpy/luocrr'I,
-
caMan JIytIIxafl noAroroBfia K o6yr{eHllro
ts IIIKOJIE.
Te aHanus r{ yMerrr4fl, Koropbre Aerr.r rroJryqaror B AercnoM caAy,
IroBBo.[fllor rrm 6ee oco6urx BarpyAHeHrrfi er,lnorHRTb BaAannfl rro
pl4coBaHr{I()I,I p.yqHOMy TpyAy, octsor{Tb rrr{cr,Mo 14 rrpr4Jro}Kl.rTbcBOt{
cI{JIbl B o6nlecrneuu<-ri,i txuanlr HJlacca, BbIilorHnfl rpa$uqecxrre fl
allrtJlrrHauuoHur,re pa6orbt A.llfl Ta6rr{q, creHra3er rr rrp.
BOnPOCbt
.
1. l{ariouarlp(}r[,aMMaro pncoBilnrrKl71;rrrrratr4oi,inonllaorrroiilpyrrur,rl
2 l(arurt'rlrlltJ pilcoBaHr.rfi
rrportoArrrosrJllcrcr{oMcaAy, rrx MooroB xaingoi;i
loepacrttoiirpyrrrtei)
il tlcn orr[)(rl((',Jrtt0rcl
ll,t6op lotlu,r/(.il1,l((rror{uxpncyuHou?
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l{ rr[)l,lo]!rr,r
upnM0]rrr(]Trr(]/'lilror4"rn o6yverlrrrpucouannrc?
j-r.Ii qcu coorour vc,]tolturolmer
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TeMy AJrfl Jrennr{, ciloco6br r.r3o6pax(eHu-[, cpeAcrBa Br,rpaarrreJrbHocrrr.
3anqrlrq no aarvrbrcJry npoBoAflTctr B TerreHr{e Bcero roAa rro Mepe
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6oft nepconalr( r4BcHaBHu A. Toncroro <3onorofi nJroqr{KD, uepoAarb
.nro6ofi anr4aoA r4a cxaar{r{ A. C. Ilyurxnna <3ororar prr6xa>.
ToopvecHoe pemenue BaMbrcJroBB Jrerne npeArroJraraer 6olrruofr
o6ren apr4TeJrbHbrx o6paaou, r(oropbre Jrolr{arcfl B ocrroBy r,rx uBo-
6parxennir.flna aroro c AerbMr4na6nrcAaror
rr paccMar-
p 14B a ro r flpeAMerhr, orMeqa-fl B Hrrx Kpacory rr rrJracrrrxy Qoprutr,
xapar(repHbre, caoricrneHHr,re AaHHoMy rpeAMery qeprbr. l];ra urr-
paanreJrbuoro lrao6pameurafl E{rrBorHbrx AerflNr Hy}r{}ro BHarb lrx
IIoBaAKr4, r4aMerlclrl4.fl , KoroprJe nponcxoAqr B ltoJlolr{eHrru lr Qoplte
.racreii TyJroBrlrqa ts BaBrrcrrMocrrr or ABnlrteHnf. Bnr,r'r,raulre 4ereir
uarrpaBJrrrroT Ha To, KaH BHTtrHyJr ncTytrroH rrrero 14 [oAHflJr roJIoBy
BO BpeMfl rreHr4rr, Hafi SanpoKrrrryTa loJlotsa y Kyplrr{br, noTopafl
rrr,eT BoAy, KaK BbrTflHyTbr TyJroBr{ule r4 xBocT B oArry poBHVro
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195

lrcnyraHubrii Batiq. Bce DTr{ aHaHr{fl AoJr}Krrr,r rroMoqb ACTITM Bo
BpeMrr JIelrKr4 c/J€JlflTrr o6paa ur,rpaar{TeJrbHbrM. Bapocnrrii rrclroJrb-
ayer "rrrc6vrc BoBMolnHocrr, vro6u roKil3flTr, )Kr4Borllbrx B paBHbrx
rroJlolfieHnflx. tr4uorAa llpoBo/Inr rleJt0HaltpaRJreHH
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HllflMr4 gereii trpo/{yrrperx;1aror, trro oHn 6ylyr paccMarpuBarr,
IIeTyIrIKa, a flOTOM JIerlrlTl, ero t{3 TJITIHLI,TO AOTrr lJHr4MaTeJlbHO
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rlpaBJrflron{rl0 t{x lrHlrMauI{c Ha T() xapaHTOpH00, rlTo IIoMo}r(eT
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14lo6paxtrrrrro qr)JroBefia uau6rurce cJro)r(Ho g.nH 4ercii, ro:lroMy
BOCrrr{TaTOJrr,Oplarrr{3yeT p ac c M a T p rr Ba rr r{ c paSHbrx t{yltoJl
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6o,lrr,me roJroBa, i.(Jrur{rroopynx, Holr{?> Br,rpaanreJIr,Hocrl, r'ororl,Ix
tlrrryp 6yi1ct l;auncott, n or ror'o, Itart AorlI rlopoAa/Iyr (ulclttAy.
flo:lronay BocnurarcJrr, nplrtsJrenaer nx IIHI{MaIItre H TOMy, qro Ha
rrorax y ArllrorrK14
-
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v ll(]uoqnu ulaarrarr ulanoqna c rryMuotioM, a y ee MaMr,r
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o6paulae'r BrnrMarl{o 4eroii ua ro, qro K()rAa MaJII'.rttx 6elnur Ha
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peA, 0/lHa Hora colrlyra B RoJrcrle r,l Br,rcratsJreHaRrropoA, a ilpyrarr
Hora, noropoii orr orraJrr{riBaercl, o3aAr{ ,I Br,ntpnMJrclra; oAIIa
pyHa c rta.rtxoi,i noor{oJu,no cot'}ryra B Jlo}(Te rr HaxoAurcr{ rrepeA
JrLlmll14ItoM,a /lpyrafl oTIJOA()rraHa3aA.
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oHa lpcrlol[Hoo14TcrJ r]ocrrurareJreM. Jly,111r,' ucor-o , ttorAa rrpt{
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<Mama-pacropsrrla)) rrocrrr{TareJlb roBopnr: <f[.nH roro qru6sr aa-
rJlnlryrr, fioll croJr, Marua-pacreptrua BcraJIa IIa KoJreHlr, pyKaMIt
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/{nn paccmarprrtsaHnr{ AerrlM lrpeAJlararor rlapoArr,ro urpytrIHu,
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?fialrrle u o{opl.urorlrc.
il'an, /{t,rMKouofiH(} t4rpyrrlKu pacilncaHI'I
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;roro arrro6a, ys6oxcxue r.rnrlrrfiblr-' ru'pyntftrI qacro oq)opMrqKrrct{
196
rraJrerraMrrnJrm yrny6renHnru po;rr,orfom. Ilpn paccMarpr{Barlrrr{
urpymnn oco6oe DHtr{MaHI{e4erei.i HaIrpaBJInercr Ha rIJIacrI,tHy
[epexoAoB or ognoii qacrrr n 4pyroii, rla ro, HaKuMI{ crroco6aMl4
oHrr Br,rJreIrJreHbII4 o@opulenrt. /{.rrn r'lyqIIIero oSHaKoMJrer{
vfl \e-
refi c HapoAnofr urpyrunofr lporoAflrcrr Ar{AaRrrrqecnr{c HrpLI:
<Maraaun rrrpymex) (r4e pe6euon yraAr,rBaer rrrpyrxxy rro onlr-
canr,rrcApyrrrx gerefr) wu <Ycrpouu BbrcraBny AbrMKoBcKorinr-
pyIrIKr{D (I43 MHOmeCTBar.rrpyileK, BbrcTaBJleHHbrx}ra cToJre,AOTr{
or6raparor Jrrr'rrrbre, Koropr,re Hylttnr,r Ar.s BLrcraBltn).
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rrJracrrrnoK c AocrynHbrM coAepTr(aHr{eM,xepauruccnofr nocyAr,r.
flpra paccuarpr{BaHr{r{nocyAbr Bocrrr{rareJrLBaAaer AerflM Bo[pocbr
o (popruecocyAoB, o roM, KaKr4Mcnoco6oM r.rx cAeJrarbrra rJIrIHr,I.
3uanuq 4ereri ruoxHo AorroJlHrrrr,paccnaaoM o ronqapnblx Macrop-
cnr4x, rAe pa6orarur Macrepa, Koropbre Ha cnerlr4aJrr,nhrxcraHxax
JrenflT ilocyAy. Xopouro cBoAr,rrr,4erefr na BrJcraBr(y rrJrr{ B ruycefi
npI4KJraAHOrO
rrCnyccTBa.
B no4roroaurensnoii H rrrnoJrerpyrrne Aerr{M rroKaar,rBarorJrlrrrrb
HeSHaKOMbIe TeXHl4qeCHIre npI{eMbr, npeAOCTaRJrflfl B OCTaJIbHOM
rdHrrqr{arrrBy pe6enny. B npoqecce BaHsrrdfl Aerr{ caMocrofrcJlrrlro
rrJraHr{pyror cBoro pa60ry, o16nparcT cnoc<16bl JIerrKIr. Bocntrtarerl
Ha6rroAaer Ba reM, HaK JIeIrflT AerI{, rr, ecJrIr Hyxtno, aaAaor r.tM
Borrpocri. Harrpnruep, Bo BpeMrr Jrounr{ rla rcMy <3ncpn aoo[apnaD
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6enon, oqeHb roHKlre, a xo6or Koporl{Irr:i. Bocrruratelr, npe4Jlaraer
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'Bbr6parb xanofi-"nn6o [epcoHa]fi vriln Dru,raoA I\JrH nao6paxrcur,rrr,
rrpoAyMarb, Hanoro paaMepa AoJrir{Hbr 6rrrr ncpcouaxrrr ro orrro-
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eIIrr3o[a Ha nefr yMecrrrJlrrcb.
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np14eMr,r, Hanpr{Mep npoBecTr,rnrpy B roHqapH.yK)
Puc. 25. Jlenxa @paaa.

Macrepcnyrc. BocnurareJlb paccnaar,rBaero roM, HaK Macrepa coa-
Aaror nocyAy r{ Apyrne u?a,eJrrrfl,a AeTr.I,yBreqeHHbre paccfiasoM,
Harrr4HarorJrellr4rr,nocyAy AJIfl lrrpbl (n ilocy4ntrfi uaraar.rn).
Boauorxno coBAar{r,ren Apylrrx }BJroKoreJIbHr,rxcrlryaquil. 11a-
IIpIIMep,
AeTflM IIpOAJIaraloT
BI'IJIeIIIITb AoKOpaTIIBHT'IO IIJII{TKI{)
11106r,r rroAapr{rb rax n f.(enr fIo6e4rr 6r,runtuN{ (pponronnxaM rr.IIt4
MaMaM K rrpaaArrrrny B Mapra. flnnrnn Nto?r(Ho o6T,e4unurr B
4eHoparranHr,lfi rFp"a, HarrprrMep {p"r
vts 6a6o.rex (pu".
25) .
tr4arorosneHue AeKoparr4BHr, .Ix nJlurolt rpe6yer npeABapIrreJIr'Horo
prrcyrrKa -- 3cr{r43a, Koropblr{ coSAaeTcfl 3a AeHb I{JIrr ABa AO 3a-
Hnrrrtr. Bcn pa6rlra HaA nJlacrl{unoii neg,erctr B ;1Ba upnelra. Cua-
qa.na rro paBMepy Dcnrraa rroAroraBJIrrtsaercfl IIJIacruHKa. 3ro rex-
HrrrrecKafl pa6ota, Koropaq rpe6yet or pe6enHa rorlHocrlll 4nlrlficllnft
rr ar(KyparHocrlr.
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Ha cocyAax, yBopbr Ha rrJracrlrrrKax BbrIroJIH.flrorcfl yrry6lennr,rlr
ttJrvt Br,rconrrM pelreQon,
a BareM, ecJrr4 Hy)r(Ho, rroABeprarorcfl
pocrrr4crr auro6auu.
Paagrar[e rBopqggxa; aKTnBI{ocrI{ [I caMocroflTeJrI]HocrIt Batsr4cr,ri
or roro. KaK nocraB.neua pa6ota B AercKoM caAy, KaK [poAyMI'IBaer-
cfl n opraHrrayercr{ npoqecc sauqrnff. Flcnu n crapurell rpylile B oc-
HoBrroM Boc,nrrra'teJlbc /IclKypIIbIMLr [()[roraBJrIrBaJIrI pa6ovee Mecro
AJrrr Ka)fiI\oro pe6euHa, pa:lAaDas rJrr4Hy u o6opy4onaHlre, ro B IIoA-
rorotsureJrr,Hofi rpynue ttaxrgstii pe6enox Moxer caM Bstlrb ce6e ro
KoJn{qecrBo rJItrIIH, Koropoe eMy Hy}I{Ho, I{ crenu AJIs reIIKIt. JIenqr
Aern crr/In aa o6r,r.InbrMII croJIaMIr, Ha Aocne I{JIII uoBoporH}'Ix craH-
Hax (p"c. 26) . B roM cJlyrlae ecJILr JrerIKa cBfsaHa c onpacHofi
anro6aun, To aarrflTrre AeJrlrrcfl Ha ABe qacru: [epBafl qacrb BaHfl-
"rr4t1- JronKa rrpcAMeToB,a tsTOpaRqacTb - ofipacHa Irx.
198
Pnc. 26. flooopornrrft craHox AJrff rrenftr.
199
BonPocbl
1. I{axona cueqtlQtrxa JrerrHrr xaK eu,qa ttrrtl6paarrToJIbHoI-r4elrelsnocru?
2. Haxona nporpaMMa lro Jreilxc /IJtr KaHli/()ii uo:tpactuoii
rllyntrr'r?
3. I{an perrrarorcff aaAaqrl o6yuerrlla JIolIlirl rro nnapralalti'
4 B qen cocTorrT ycJrox(rloHr.re TexHtrHrr JletIKlI oT MJraArIIerI ]rpyilIrH R lroA-
rotounrenlrrori?
..
5. [taxlre BuAbI JIeUHII lrpoBoAflTc.s B Aerc]toM caAy' I'tx Mecro B l(a)r{Aorr
B()3pacTHofi rpYnne?
6. Haxte MeToAr,t r4 rrprrcMbr rrpnMeH.seT rreAaror Aln o6yuenun Aerefi lenxe
r{ paSBr.rrrrfl IIx rBopqeoTBal
3AAAHU9
l. Ilpoana;tnaIlpoBaTr,
SaHgTltfl rIo Jrerlfie B paSHr,rx uo3pacTfJbrx rpvnnax
B
ooorBercrBrrrr c rpe6onanlrrMr{
rrporpaMMbl r{ MeroAI{Kr{'
2. Cocragnrs
RoHcrrettTLI san.flrflfi ilo paaJrr{q}r!,IM BI{AaM JlcllHtr'
3. Oxapanreplr3oBarb BblpaarrreJrbHble cpeAcrBa gcrcx<-tii'rtennu
4. Ilo4o6pars
BapI{aHrbI rcM AJrfl JIenHu Ha otlpeAereuHoe llporpaMMHoe co-
IteplHaH I,Ie.
5. Onncarr, MeToArrRy rrpoBeAeHrrff pa3JrrrqHbrx Br,rAoB 3aH'lrr{U rIO Jrerlfie (refifi4
c Harypbt, AenoparuBuaq, no 3aMbIcJIy, crcxerrran).
PEI{OMEHnAAnn
IIPAKT14TIECKIIX
B r"qIIJIUIIIE
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npafirrrqocfiHe 3aHsr!r{
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uo4ll.rs o6cleAoRaHIte IlpeAMeTOB nepeA SaHtrTIlflMrr rro JIcIIHe B AeTCROM CaAy.
Oguu yuarqygcrr AeMorrcrprrpyror BceMy nlaccy cnoco6u o6crle4onanntr, a ocraJrb-
Irbre aIIaJrrriirrpyrcT I{x.
tjyXyrque BocnrrrareJrrr AoJtlr{Hrt xopono B.rraAerl cttoco6aulr JroIIfin il yMetrlrcM
ItoKa3brBaTb ux AeTt{M, nOeTOMy yqalluecq ylpa}I{HtruTorl
R pacKitTbrBarlrll'l IJII{HI,I
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JreIrHe, KOToptrle MOlltl{o cAeflaTI' B I(JIac00 I{Jlt{ nOAIOTOBII'I 'LrC nOCJIeAyIOqI{M aHaJIIt-
3OM Ha ypoKe.
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annn]lKAqhn
$ l. AnnnxKaqxf, KaK BhA AexoparxoHoro
rcoSPa3hrenbHoro hcKYCCTBa
Annnuxaqlln (ot Jlarl4lrcnoro applicatio - IIaKJTaALIBaI{IIe)
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trJrrr Harur{rbrx Ha coorBercrByrcqr{ii {on. B aflnJrnKaqr{u ynotpe6-
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pecTa, Mex, TKaHb, coJroMKa,6vUara'

PaeuLre rrapoAr,rrrarneri MHoroHarlr{onalurori crpaH},r r{crroJrbayror
ar{IrJrrrnarllro4.nx oQopuJrenrrsHallr{onaJrbHoroHocrxlMa, npcAMeroB
6r,rra, xln;rnrqa.
AnnluHaqnrr rta 6yMarr{ ilortsnJracrs XVI Befie rr fiofiyrrffilacBoe
paaBrrrr{eB [ocJreAyroulr4ecroJrerns. R uaqane XVII scHa no @pau-
Ilr{rr BoBHr4nJraMo/Ia Ha cr{JryDTbruB 6yMarn r,r B Koporxoe BpeMf
rroponrrrryJracr,Bo Bce crpaHbr Enpour,r n n Poccnro. Crenrr E(r{JrnnI
craJrr4ynparuarb He6oJlr,urrMr{cnJryDTlbtMlt troprporaun, 6brroRr,rMn
crlcrrKaM[r.Cuoe uaBBarrr{eor{Jryol'lroJryrruJlor Sarur,r.rrnnSrrena
Cnryata, Qpanqyacnoro
qnuoBHnna XVII scna, Horoprrfi, crreAyl
Mo/{e, yBJreriaJrcr{Br,rpeBr,rtsaHlreM
l{B 6yruaru. O rreu pacofiaBhrBaJrr.l
paaHr,reilcropnn, a oAHa)r{/Ibrxaxoii-ro xyAo}r{Hl,u{Hapr{coBaJrHa Horo
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3'ror cnoco6 uao6pa-
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oAHy r4 Apyryrc rpyuy pa6or, Aerr{ KoJrJreKrrrBHoBr,rflcurrrc1.,lrpa-
ur;rrnofi lr.r 6u,na caMooqeHHa.It uogne4eHr4rorrroroB aaHtrrr4sraHlfie
Hy?nHorrpr{BJrenarbcaMrrx 4erefi, o6y.rax ux yruenr.iroBrrAerb o6rqne
yAaqu, HaxoAr(I{ lr omra6xra.
annnhKAqllc B noaroToBhTEflbHolt K lltKO,|E
rPvnnE
,(etra ce4nroro roAa lr(r{Brrr,rcuoco6nrt BaMeqarr, xapaKTepHbre
.Fpr{aHanr4B npeAMerax r4 flBJreHrrflxonpymarcrqero. Onn orJrrrqarorcfl
HaOJIrcAareJIbHocTblo'
yMeHI'IeMcpaBIrIrBaTbrI ocoSHaHHoSaloMI'rlrarb
rJIaBHoe, B riporlecce' paarlrunoft Ae.ETeJu,Hocrr{paBBr4Barorcs6onee
TOHHrreABr4)fieHr4r{Kr4crrr pynr4, [aJrbqen. 3To uoSBoJrflerBbrpeshrBarb
II HAKJIEI,IBATb MEJIRI4E AETAJII{, COBEPIIIEHCTBOBATb TEXHITI(Y COSAAHII'I
aunnr.rHaqrafi.
$ t. nPorPaaaHbte saf,aqH
B erofi rpynle ueo6xo4lruo npoAoJr?fiar; yroqHtrrb anau'a 4erefi
o aHanoMrrx reoMerpr4qecHux furypax.
-
Hymuo ra^,*te yqlrrb r{x Br4Aerb, orrpeAeJrflTb r{ IrpatsrrJrb'o Ha-
MeroB r4 cyMeror r4cloJrbSoBarr, cBolr SHaIrIrfl R a[[JrrrKauura. 3nanun
o Qopue rr qBere o6oratqr anrrJrr{Haqr4oHHbrepa6oru 4erefi, [oMoryr
cAeJrarb rax paanoo6paaHee 14 coAep)fiareJrbHee.
!erefi
Hylr(Ho yrrurb ar,r(ptpepenqr4poBarb orreHRr4 ocrroBHr,rx
cneHTpaJIbHLIx roIroB, npoAoJIlr(arb ygnrb paarurlarb xoJroAHr,re rr
TEUJIbIE IIBETA, CBETJIbIEI{ TEMHbIE. V'IUTU IPABIIJIbHO HASI,TBATbOTL
TeHHr{, rrcrroJrbsOBarb o6paanrre HaSBaHr4f (uauplruep, uaxonuii,
a.nr,rra,uallruonrtft, euurHenrrfi r4 Ap.). Baxtno Hayqr4rr,4ereii ne ro.nr,-
KO PASJII4qATbI4 NPABI4JIbHOHASbIBATbqBETA 6YrUArrA,HO I,I AI(TI.TBHOIIC_
rroJrbSoBarb qBer Kaft OAHOI'r3 CpeAcrB BbrpaSr{TeJrbHocrr{annnuHarlufi.
,(erefi [oAroroBr{Terlnofi
H rrrnoJre rpynurr ueo6xo4rauo rpoAoJr-
mars o6yuarb opr4eHrr.rpoBneHa uJrocKocrr{ Jrrrcra 6yuarn, 4o6[naRcr
rrpaBrrJrr,Irblx I{ TOqHr'rx oupe4e,nenuft. oco6oe BHr4Marrrre Hy}nHo
o6parr'rr Ha ro, urd 4erra lJroxo ycBor4Jrr{ (uaupnruep, upanr,rii nux-
215

Hr{fr yroJl, BepxHl4fi JIeBbIfi yroJl). Hymuo Hayr{I'{rb 4erefi uouuuatr'
paBJIIrqHbIe repMI,IHbI: Hanporus, no n'apa''t, na
-o}no*t
tJposH'e rr
npy."" .
Ilonuruaurae AerbMIr SrIrx repMlrHoB o6renrur
rleAarory
cJroBecHoe pyxoBoAcTBO Ha 3aHflTI4II'
Eolumoe Brrr4MaHr4eneo6xo4uuo yAeJIflTb BbIpasI{reJIbHOCTI4AeT-
cHnx pa6ot, rlepeAaqe AllHaMltrruocrra, o6paauocru, TBopqecnoMy pe-
11rgrrr4roB rIBeTe, ygaungfr KOMIISBIIIIIII4, paBBI{TIIIO I'IHAIIBIIAyaJIIHbIX
""n"oOooatut
neret. Heo6xoAuuo ra6?I{e paaBI{BarL y 4ereii xy4o-
rlayqr4Tr, AeTefi KaH 6tr puconarb HOlItHIrqaMII, OBJIaAeTb HaRI'IKaMI{
cr{JryErHOfOBbrpesbrBaHrrr 6ea upe4Bapt4TeJlbHoftnpopuconKl{ JIIIHI{I{
KoHTypa c nepeAaqeli XapaI{TepHr'Ix oco6e}IHOCTefrpa3luqHblx cIIJIys-
TOB.
6r,rcrpo, a16ypargo, Hcr1oJlbsoBarb paIIrIoHaJIbHbIe [pIreMbI BbIpeBbI-
Barrrrfl, pasyMHo pacxoAoBarl 6yrrlary, ar(KypaTHo y6nparr' cBoe pa-
6o.Iee Mecto.
$ 2. IlPoxox1eHne nPorPal A bl
ilprleM cllJIySTIrOro BblpeSblBa]rlrfl '
'
Bu6op
reMarl{Krr
saHfTlrii OlpeAeJlfleTcfl
cesoIIHbIMIl flBIeHI',IflMlI
ra oo6tttrlnnatr,
KOTOpbre AeTII IIa6JIIOAaIOT, a TaK?I(e TexHIIqeCHI{MI{
216
AeTrr Moryr uso6palfiaTb MaIrrI,tHbI,CaMOJIeTLI,Kopa6Jltr, co6aqHy, no-
napa, Byparr'rno, CHerypoqny,,(e4a-Mopo3a, reryxa.
,II,;rn aaHpenJleHl{fl IrpLIeMoB B},IpeabllraHllfl cI{MMerpl,Iunrtx tpopu
na 6yuaru, c.noxeHHofi BABoe, AerflM [peAraralorcfl Tafiue reMl{i
<IlerpynrHa>, <,(enouHa B fianloilroHe), <Hocuonaet>>, <Jlttrxlrtln>,
<Marpeurxa>,
<9urornuno>.
B npe4ltetnofi arrTIJIITKaIII{I4Mo?fier
6rrrr ucno.rbaoBau [pIIeM cltJlyarnoro BbIpeBbIBaHI{a (pr'r6a, Ireryx'
Baflu, fierKoBafl MaIrIIrHa, rony6r,, MeABeAb. .rruca).
,[lr ynpaureHlrfl HeHoropblx rlpeAMerHblx lrao6parxcnuii uel;rHnIuu
(pnrypauu r{ AJIfl AOIIOJIHeHI4flAeTaJIflMl{ Aerrl AoJI]I{HI'I ItclIoJIb:loIJarL
rIpI{eM BbIpeablBaHr{ana 6ynarr,l , cJloxten}roii rapuouHoii' Hanpuuep,
AeTII Moryr yKpacl4rb AeKopaTI4BIIbIMI{eJIeMeHraMlI llerpyljlKy' Mar-
peuKy, AeBoq(y B HarlIoIIroHe.
Ha aanRrlagx s arofi roapactnofi rpyil[o AorrIM rlpeAJlaraerctl
6onrure a[IrJrI,IKauI{tl cruxernoro
n uelisa}r{Horo coAep}fiaHl'tfl. fJ re-
qeul4e yue6noro roAa Aerlr Moryr BIIIIOJIHI'ITI pasJIIrqIILI()reMarl{qo-
cnrre fioMrIoa4uItII: <3onoraq oceHbD, <flpaegHtlunar ynratla>, <Ha
AHe Mopcnou>>, <Honoro4uuri xopoBoAD, <flerpyIlHu nJltrlnyrD, <3unt-
nrafi neriaaxrr, <3raunne paaBreqeHu.fiD, <3oonapHl, <Ft<-rcruo4poru>,
crcxrerr,r r{3 BHaKoMblx cRa3oK - <t(oro6on>, <JIuca 14SaEIID, <Tepe-
MoKD, <ftpa4euoe coJIHqe), AepeBbfl B IIBery, ire/lot(oJl Bo Jlbllax,
rrpr{Jrer rpauefi, Jryr c r{Beraun. C IrHTepecoM Aerrr AeJIaIor clrJryarbr
K paarr4rrHr,rMcfiaBKaM AJIfl urpbl n reuenoit Tearp.
Pa6ory rra 3aHrlrnflx I{ B noBceqnennotl }I(I{BHI{ pe6rta BLttloJll{trruT
I(aK I,IHAI'IRIIAyaJII'HO'TaK II KOJIJI0KTI4BIIO.
.(eHoparuuna.fl alnrunaqna
nprao6peraer s aroii rpynle 6once
npnx.na;1Hoii xapar(rep. Ha aanqrugx Koncrpyl4poBaHlrcM Acrl.I MoAe-
{upyror na 6yruau.r paarldt{Hbre TIoAeJIKTI- H<lpo6ouHIr, crpeJILI, t{o-'
rrreJIbKLI,AoMa, eJrottHbleLIrpyuIKIr. Stn no4ennl{ oHIt BareM yKpaluarcT
no cBoeMy 1r{eJIaHIrxla[rr,{L{Haur.roHHLIMr.Iy3opaMlt. Ft npaa4uunau
geru uarofoBJrflIor noaApaBlrreJrb^HbleorRpbITKI4 poAI4reJItrM. ,
ApyBt'flM,
corpyAHrrnaM Aercxoro caAa. Unupancs H3 oItllr A('reil, cJIeAyor
[plrBJrenarb r{x K rlpaaAH[qHoMy oQoputtcurarc rpylrfiI't, K yKpalllollI,tK)
BeparrAbr u nocrpoeK Ha yqacrHe.
,I[ns coaAaHr{fl arrrrJrrrKaqr.riincno,'IbByIorer paaJII{qlible tlpr'r(!MI't
BbrpeablBaHl,IflHolnHI{IIaMI{ u ctroco6 o6pstnaura 6yuarn (n rlauraclt-
MOCTLTOt :reUlr).
$ 3. Merogu x nPheAu oSyqemxe
B nouce4nentroii pa6o're BocIlI'IrareJIb AoJIlItoH opraH[soBaru o6-
cJreAoBaIIIIepaSJI14qHLIXnpeAMeTOB,I{Ip.y[IeK, IIpO.LISBeAeHilI{AeKOpa-
Tr{BHO-rrprrKJIaAHOfOI{CKyCCTBa,llSAeJII{rIHapoAHblx IIpoMbrcJroB'pac-
cMarprrBaHlre LIJrJIIocrpaqnii. B flpol{ecce o6c.ne4oeattut{, l)accMarpr'l-
BaHlrfl oH IIOAqepHI{BaeT xapaKTepHoe, oopaSHoe, BLlpasl{ToJIr,Hoe.
Hanpuuep, npu paccMarpl{Baul{I4 ul'pyrrrerlHoft .nnclt BnIIMaIII4c /Io-
refi O6pa11aeTgfl He TgJIbKO Ha CTpoeHlIe, Be.[I{tIIlHHbIe oTHoI]tOHttU,
qner, tpopuy, Ho u na o6paaHyro xapanrepllcrnny: JII{ca xllrpaa'
217

ropKafl, JrynaBafl. Bocnutarerb flpeAJlaraer AerffM eIIIe paa locMor-
perb Ha r{rpynlny I4 paccnaaarb, KaK o6 etrax cnoficrsax Mo?nHo
AoraAarbcrr no 4annofi 1a1pymfte. Ierra naur.rnaloT cB.fi3t'IBarb BHeIIIHI{g
rrpr,rSHaxrl JrI{cbI C ee o6paauofi xapaxTepl{crl'rnofi I'I [O4Meqarcr' qro
MOpAOqRa y Hee BIiTffHyTa_s , yAJII{I}eHHa.E, yIIII4 Ha MaHyIIIHe BaOCT-
peHH6re, TyJIOBIITIe BbITqHyTOe, XBOCT rre roJrbno KpacIlBbIrI' Ho Ir
o6rexaeuofr Qopuu, 4nlrnntrfi. Brtuonnffs arInJIIrKaUI'llo' AerI4 Bclro-
MrrHaK)T o6 eiou lr 4o6unaro.tcs 6orrlxefi BbIpaaIITeJIbHocrIr n pa6o're.
Ha aansruqx, raM, rAe ero ueo6xo4nuo, IrcrloJlbayercfl paccMar-
putsaHr4e IIpeAMeroB, I4lrpyruer, nJIJIIocrparII4ir, uagenuit HapoAHoro
arrrrJrr4xaqrdouuolo IICKyCSTBa. ,(eru yuatCfl CaMocTOflTeJIbHOaHaJII{-
Br{ponarrr Boclpl4HlrMaenroe. Oco6oe BHITMaHI4eAoJI}r(Ho o6parqarrcn
Ha K0HrypHyro JTI,IHITIO[peAMeroB. flerrvr ilpeAJlaraercfl flpocJreAllrb
KOHTypHyro JrI{HI{IO C[paBa IraJIeBo, Tart , KaK B eroM HarIpaBJreHI4I4
Jrerqc'Br,rpcabrBarb (aro oco6enHo Ba)fiHoB cI4JIyarHoMnupersleaunu) '
CencOpnornry aHaJII4ByIIOMOIaeT o6paenOe CJIOBecHoenoqCUeulle. Ha-
rrpr4Mep,ilptr aHaJrr4seHoHrypa neryxa cJIeAyeT Haql4Harb co OIII4HKII;
crfl{HHa y rreryxa 4yrofr, ulefl BbIcoKa.E, cpasy nepexoAirT B MaJIeHb-
Kyro roJIoBy, a SareM BHOBbBbICOHaflInefl, rpyAb KoJIecoM' oBaJIbHoe
ryJroBt4rrle, oKpyrJIbIfi srrcoHlafi xBocr. flplr ar'rpeauBaHl4ll AeTlt lrre[o-
rolr (u,nn upo ce6n) nporoBapr4Baror nocJreAoBareJrbHocrb Aer,{crBrrr{.
06paruar BHI{MaI{IIe 4etefi ua I4so6paBI,IreJIbHble I4 BhIpa3lrreJlb-
Hbrc .xapanreprrcrllnl{ IrpeAMeroB, Hy?nno no6ym4atr, lIX oAHoBpeMeH-
no 4yuirs o c[oco6ax BbIpeB],IBaHLrfl,06 eralax pa6orr,I n qe,rov. Bax-
nO 6O.lslue altinBuaI4pOBaTL AeTefi, paSBlIBaTbIIX CaMoCTOfiTeJIbHoCTb.
flonaa [pfleMoB Br,IpegblBaHlrfl B ocHoBHoM AoJr]+(eH6rrrr, qactnq-
nr,rM. Xoporno BHaKoMbIe [prreMhl Moryr Ha[oMHI,ITb' caMrr AerII.
B cunyaruoM BsIpeBbIBaHI{IIBoctlllTareJrb, nplr6eran K flonaay, o6pa-
rrraer BrraMaurae 4erefi Ha JII{HI4Io r(oHTypa, Ha rlpocrpaHcrBeHrloe
TIOJIOXTEHIIC I,I BEJIIITIIIHHbIE OTHOIIIEHIIfl,
HA ABIIE{EIII{fl
HO}ITHI,Iq ' fIO_
rytruBIlreecfl B pesyJlbrare 'IroKaSa neAarora u306pa]fieHue Mo]r(Ho
ilpl{Hperrnrb rra QraHererpao, uto6u AerI{ MOTJII4ero BI4Aerb.
Cnoso Ha aaHflrlrflx B fioAroroBl4reJlbHoiil rpy[ne I4rpaer BeAy-
rqyrc poJrb. Bocuratarenb, BaAaBafl AerflM Boflpocbl, yqllT lrx MbIcJII'rrL,
paccy)+(Aarb, HaxoAldrb caMocrotrreJlbHble pemeul4f,. B cnyuae neo6-
xoAIrMocrI{ Mo}r{Ho IrcIIoJrbSoBarb cJIoBecHbIe HarloMrrHaHIrfl, yfia3a-
Hrls, ooBerr,r. HanplrueP, AJIff BbrlroJrHeHIrfl Cr(aSOqHOii rfiap-n:rnqr'r
BOCrrnTaTerr, 00tseryeT AeTflM rrolroJlbSoBaTbTeIrJIble uBeTa 6yuaru
(HpacHrrii, opaHxrerufi, mertrrfr) B coqeraHlrlr c HenoropllMr{ xo-
rroArrr,rMr{ (rfrao.neronrrfr. v.iltt culdrnft Qon), uto66l ycrlJrlrrb B[erlarJre-
Hrle fiprocrlr, KouTpacrHocrlr. Oco6enno ttrrdpono Mo]nHo I{cIroJIbSo-
Barr, coBerbr B cro)fieTHofi, nefiaarruofr auunlrHaqilfi v' B aIrIlJlrIKaIIIrIr
ilo 3aMbrcJly: BocrIIITaTeJIb peKoMeHAyeT AeTflM, [pe]KAe qeM [pI4-
crytrr.rrb K pa60re, floAyMarr',
rrro 6yAer B l,I3o6pa?fieHIrIr, KaKafl
Hy?riHa rro qBery 6ynrara, KaKI{MI{ [plreMaMrr HaAo BI'IpeBarL qacrlr
r4 T. rr. CoeerH Bocnr{TareJlfl Moryr Kacarf'cfl AocrI,I}I{eHl,ts 6onr'mefi
o6paauocru, BbrpaalrreJlbHocrlr, roI4cKa ygaunofi HoMnoBI4IIITII,a ran-
}I(e rropflAKa BbrrroJrHeHI{fl pa6orr,I. Hanpuuep,
npI4 I4SToToBJIeHIII{
218
annJlr4Haqr4rr <ByHer qBeToB B tsa3e)) tsaEtHo cKa3aTb AeTflM, IITO
BbIpe3aHHyIo BaSy Hy?ItHo cHaqaJla IIpI{HJIeI'{TI, HaIIOJIOBI,IHy (ToJII,HO
""rHttrOto
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TeM CMaSaTb KJIeeM BepxHIgIo sacTb BaSbI I{ SaKpblTL eIO HO}I{KII
uBeToB.
l{n4unnAyaJrbHaf pa6ora B rroAfoToBr{rerbH()R rpyrrfie H()cI{r He-
cKoJrbKo unofi xapaxrep, qeM B rrpeAbrAyrrlux fpyrrflax. IIo texnn-
Ke BhrpeSr,rBaHHflAeTI{ MeHLile HyE{AaIOTCSB OIIeKe IleAarora' noaTo-
My BCe BHr4MaHIdeBOCTII{TaTeJIflIIa[paBJIeHO Ha paSBI{TIdeTBopIIecTBa'
Ha AOCTTTXeHT{eBbrpasrrreJrbHocrr4e pa6ore, Ha paSBr4rr{ecaMocrofl-
TEJI bHOCTT{.
IJenecoo6paSHo paSBrrBaTb BSar4MOIrOMOrrlbAeTer{ Ha 3aHffTr4flX.
tr4uor4a cno4yet paccamrnars gerefi c yqeroM rrx HaBbruoB, uro6r,r
pe6eHoK, xoporxo n.na4erorqrafi IIaBbrHaMr{ Bbrpe.sr,rBaHr{fl,rroMof pflAoM
cr4AfltqeMy coBeroM ra 4eiicrnenHbrM rroHaBoru (n raHolr cJryqae Heo6-
xogr4Mo AaBarb 6yuary AJIE rpeHl{poBorrHblx lefictnuii).
B uu4ranu4yarrnofi pa6ore Boc[I{rareJIL BMccro npflMblx ynaaa-
H11ii AOr71(eH rIaUIe IIC[9JIbSOBaTs COBSTrI, BbIcKaBbIBaTb IIo]fieJIaHI{fl'
SaAaBaTb KOCBeHHbleBOnpOCbI,CTIIMyJIIIpyloilIl{e caMocTosTeJTI'HOCTb
pe6euHa.
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Hax4oii TB0pqecKofi rpyflrrr,r 4erefi, crt{MyJrrrpoBarb r,Ix caMocrofl-
TeJIbHOCTt" flooqpfl TI' I4HAI4BItAyaJILHOCTb'
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y nerefi ciloco6Hocrb K A0rerr4rrecKoii oIIeHKe, o6paqafl BHI{MaHI{e
Ha yAaquoe qBeroBoe peuleHlte' Ha Hpacory nltnlrfi paapeaa' Ha
o6u1ee KaalecrBo pa6orbl.
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MO?rtHocTr, XOpO1110BCe pa3rJlflAeTr,, rroJrro6osaTbcg ailrlJrl4r(aqllflMIr.
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AJIfl BaH.flTlrfi c nranrruralrlr.
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cno6oAno ro BceMy lucry 6yuaru (puc. 1). Vupaxnatl
B a(fiyparHoM npItI{rIeIIBa-
uu"
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r{crroJrb3oBaHr{rr o6opygonanun.
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MeroA14Ka
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TOM, qTO B HeM B6ICTyIaIOT pa3Hble E{I{BOTHIIq: CO6aunu, O6easRnHu, JIOIaAI{, cJIoIIbI.
219

Puc. 1. Annlnnaqur
ti:l
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SJIeMeH-
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Plrc. 4. Vnpanrenrae
3oHTnfta cnoco60M aII-
n JIr,IKaIIUtt.
Puc. 2. Cosganue uao6-
pax{eHr{fl ns2'racrei -
Sramor.
Pnc. 5. I4arorosrerne
nerpyrxKrr ns 6yuaru,
cnorrennoftsnsoe.
Pnc. 3 lleo6parxenue
MA[II{HbI.
Prc. 6. Brrpearreauue
rreTyxa.
I
flona.qarr Aert{M nlpyuleqEoro
cJtoIla, cfiaBatrt',
qro oH To}Re uB qlrpxa I yM (!or
.ronno no46pacllBarb paanoqBerubre ilIaprJ Coo6trlurr roMy SaHgrxH tl lloxa3arb
AerflM cI{Jtyar cJIoHa I4B 6yrtlarn. Axrranr.ratrpya 1erefi, loxaaarr, rrpl{oMl't tJ!'tr{JraALIBa-
ur.rR nao6paxeuur
(c.non ilocepeAl{He, a ftpy}fixn pa3Hblx IIRoroB lro nceuy nltcry).
BHagarl, pe6euna 14 npeAJlox(Irrr, eMy rjoKa3arb npr4eMr,I HaHJl0uBaltufl cJrortrtlta.
O rou, raH HaqJrer4Barl fipyx{xtr, cilpocltrb 4ereii. IIpe4lo*il'rrl
llpllcryrrtltt,
x pa6orc
(cnauana coCTaBt4Tb fiapTIIH(y, a IIoToM rprxler.rrs).
B xo,qe nsrlolHourlr{
alflJlnl(il-
qrzn o6parqatr, Brrr4MaHue Ira ilpr{eMbl BbrRJIaAhrBaHlir rr HaftJrenBaHtla Qopm, yrotlultr
c or4eJrbrrbrME AerbMl4 3IraflI4.H o IIBere, tpoplre, pacilotoE(eHIrI'r tpurvp. B xorrrle'
Ba11qrlz.gBMecre c Aerr,Mn nofln6onarrcq
roroBbrMx pa6oraun,
Bllncrltrb, qro rrolrol'o
ogr,r yBHaJIu, Bbrrorn.Err arrnJrxna4uxl.
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Hocrn c BbrAeJrenlleM xapaxreprlr,Ix HeAocrarroB
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gerefi xyxolrrusrri
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qnpxa, nonrparh 3aBoAHbtMl'l firpylll-
KaMn, r4Mr{rr4pyff qnpx. Hapeaarr, IlBerEbte cItJIygTbI cJroHrrr(oB, paJl{ollBerHblt' xpyrv
(no 3-4 ilTyulr Ha rtax{Aoro pe6enna). flo4o6patr
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3uaHafl
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ltJIet4BaHI4fl (nnn nuanarl
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pe6enna). 3arelr
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nprr*o"nt".
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q6HHtrx COOTHOItIeHI4.Ex, MeC?OEaXOE{4entUa naO6paXtlUlii.
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aa Tcxttut(uii
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lITo B lpyllllC
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roBopI{TL c AerI'M14 o Mallll4He cxopofi lIoMorlr'r, paccMorperb
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!popuy, qBer, BeJlHqI{HHlrrc coorllorll(rHrlfl,
.l loraJrn.
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C.pe3 y 6eloro
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ilepeIHee creK,It{), pa3pcaarb IIoJrocKy Aa.E Kpecra, RLIp(}3elrl' xo"ttoca)' IJtrrlttart'
I
I
221

T
ABorrx Aereii 14 lrpeAJromIITl' IIM oAfloBpeMeHHo noKaBaT6 [pIIeMri BbIpe3I'IBaHIIII
ftpyrJrr,rx noJIec. (Aerr{ AeMolrcTpI4pyK)T,a BocIrI4TaTeJIbr(OMMeHrr'rpyeTqx Aefi-
cinlu ) Cnpocurr, 4erefi o ropqAfie 86rpeBr,rBaur{s,cocraBreHuq uao6paxennt,
HagrentsaHrr.s B C,ryvae neO6XO4uuoCrU IIOKaBaTbIIpI{eMI'I BsIKJIaASIBaHIIflqaCTeU,
Ho Jryqme, onlrpa-acbHa onbIT 4erefi, orpaullqnrbcq cJoBecuoii nnctpyxqueii. Bo- npe-
Mq Rbr11orqcrrr4rpa6oru o6paularr, BHrrMaHr4eHa rexlrrrxy Bblpe3r,rBaurrff(oco6enuo
npyxxon), H&rroMuEATrr,I B OTAeJIrHI'IXclyrlaqx nol(aBbIBarI'. flpu _paccuarpIIBaHIII'I
ann;rnXaqUfi OTMeTITTbI{aqeCTBOBbIpe3bIBaHI4.H,COCTaBJICIIIIEIISO6paX{eHI{sn Ha-
KJIer{BarIrIfl. VtOuurarr, S qeM 6LI.71qTpVgHOCTIIIl KaI( IIX MOTI1HOyCTpaHl{Tb.
IIoAroroBKa
I{ saHsrIIro. Bo npeun flporyJlol{o6parlr'rr,BHIIMaHT{e
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rIBer, r{pacrr;fr npecr. Ilplroronutl
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(6e:rl,rii rrpr{MoyroflLHl{I{- AJIfi r(opuyca, roJly6alr noJloca - AJr.HcrexoJr, Kpacuaq
rroJrocHa- AJrr{ fipecTa, ABa oAI{Har(oBbIx RBaApara - AJlt{ KoJrec, IlBeTHofi Q9").
IIo4r'o 'ronurr 060pyroBart'tr'. Kr'Iefi. lrrpyutfty.
Crapurat rpynna
Annnunatl,ttfr. r }on'run t
lIporpaMMHoe
coAeplr{aHIte. 3axpennar:byMeHllflgeteft rr'lpesu-
Rarh cpaay lrecl{oJtbt(o
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lIJrrr yfiparrreutrff toronori cra;rya'rxofi (plrrypu. CaMocroqrefitno nog6upats rlnera
6y"orr-nnt yaopoB B 3aBr4clfMocrl{or llaera sourl{fia (puc. 4).
-
Morn4trxa
npoBeAeHrr.fi 3aHflTllfi.3araAarbAerqMsaraAny
Ce6s oH pacftplrBaer,
Te6q oH npr.rnpbrBaer.
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CAe.naernao6opor.
I{orAa Aerlr orraAarcr saraArty, rlonaaarr' 3oHT. EIqe paa noBToprfl SaraAKy'
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"uunpot,
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nbpotlun
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Ha ro, rrro 3oHrl{l(lr yftpalleubl no-pa3uoMy Vroqnu:rl [optrAox
pnburo, r,r roxHufty BbrpeabrBaHrrfl3reMegroB AJrs y1parileHrrfl BoHTrrKa: no4o6pats
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rroJrocoK6yuarn, cloxennofi raptromroii, KpacI{Bo paclloJlo[trrrh ySop],I, BbInoJrHI'{rI'
pa6ory aHnyparHo, Rpacr'rBo.B npoqecce rrnAl4BrrnyaJrbHofipa6oTrr o6parlarb BHI'I-
MaHrre Ha TexHrrr{y Br,rpe3r,rBafifisoAr{Hal(oBr,rx{opu, na noq6op qnerocoverantli,
Ha yAaqHyro rtoMuo3rrlllrro,Ha ftaqecTBoHafiJeI4BaHI{fl.B Honqe SaHtrTI4.grrpeAJrox{rlrr'
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u T.A.
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pa3Hr,reilo r1Bery r,r yaopaM aorrrnr(fi. flpueneus Aerefi x BdpeAbIBaHlIm_no TpaQa-
pory paBnoIIBerIrr,lx lJoHTnItor. Ilpurotonl{Tb paBHoqBerHbre floJrocHtr 6yuaru ,qln
Bhrpe3brRaHu.HsJreMcrrroBgnr ynpatfienu{, o6opyAoBaHlre. cgelars 2-3 raplra'rr 'rn -
ritx o6paalta. rlp14ror{rBt'rrhxpacnnlti.i 3{)HTl'lK.
A nn"nunaqun. nIJecenatfi' II erpytuna t
IIporpaM MHoe coAepx(aHrIe. flpogolxarL yqnrb cuMMerpuquoMy
on p"""i"un"ro na 6yuaru, cloxrensoft ngnoe, 6ei i.rpop11coBaqHoroftolrrypa. flono.n-
narr, ueo6paxenlre AeraJrflMrt, Br,Ipeaar{HbIMr'rno qacrffM, raa 6yuarlr, c'norxenrIofr
lapr- .,urxoii. flo6unarrcn BlIpaBI{rerrbrloctupa6or (prac' 5).
M erolt{Ha
IIpoBcAerrilfl 3aHflrltq LJocn[rareJrbtoBoprlTAerttM,
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AarboJr, nro oto: <fl
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222
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Annrutnaqua. tllerytt
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ll cnoco6rt Bl'IpeablBaHlrfl (puc. 6).
MeroAuna
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On uocolr B SeMJrroflocryqfiT'
Balraxnet KpbrJroM u SaKp[rIr4T.
F(pnvur olr Aa)fie conultfi,
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4.nn 6rlcrporo qerl{ofo aHarI'I3a Irrpyilfiu, oco6oe BHllManlre o6parurs Ha I{oHTypHyn
Iru"ilto ,rery"a. flpeglomlrrr o6nectlr cltJryeT, Haql{Hafl c() cIIIIHI(ll, cltpaBa IIaIeB0.
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It o,r ,cexrueHaa ann'xufiaqun. t llpaa1uun 1 Matt'tt
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Jrer{rr,rBHytoanrrJrrrHar{nm,
"u"o "ioornnono
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r.anuii, seril.ilrgHbrx n lrpoilopql{oHaJIbHtIx coOTHOIltesuii. Pasnnnarb BbIAyMIty It
rpanraaulo Ralr{Aorope6enra
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c o6uluu TBopqcc,KI,IMSaMbtCJlOM.Paesusarb
B3ar{MOrroMo ulb.
223

Me'ro4ura
npoBeAeHrrff
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o npaBAHnrrHoMyfipameHuu ropoga (cela), odnonunarcs Ha Aercnnx ua6.nro4ennnx,
BrroqarJleu[r{x B xogc 6t'ce.qu yrorrHrfrs, qro HaA o4opM,'ren[eM ropo4a pa6oraru
Jrxrl{r.rMHofr{x npotpeccllii: xyA()}nHr{tr}r,ocBeTrrTeJrr,r ,sJrexTplrfin, pa6oute, tlro{ep6r.
Otueruru, rrro AHetsHoerrpaBAHnquoe y6paHcrBo cocraBJqrcT nnararsr, tpnarn,
uBerrr, rlapbr. Beuepou ropo4 (ce"'ro) yxpailaror rnpJrffr{Abr Mr{ratrlrrtruxJ'raMn,cBe
T.su{u(rcfi Haprr{nLr, carnr. flpe,4rorr{HTb Aer.sM rroAyMarl, uanoe y6paucrBo Ar'rq
ropoAa (cera) oHlr xorqr Br,lr]oJrHr{rb,AoroBoprirbcfl uexgy co6oii u nogo6pars
6yualy 4la rloua. Hanounuru, qro cuaqaJra Hylr(Ho paclpeAeJlrrrb pa6ory, uorpe-
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rfiarr, arrrJrnxaqltrc. Cnaaars, qro nplt Br,rIroJrHeHIrIIo6qefi pa6orrr HaAo iloMorarl
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Rarrillr ,{ BaarrMonoMoulr. B nouqe 3auqrr{ff paccMorperb arrrrJlrrxarlrrrc.florouopnrr
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8 Mapra. Ma.rururciirrv?+rHonoxBa;rnrh Ba nx pa6ory; BareM orMernrb r{pacoqnocrb
224
orltp6rTot(, BbInoJIr{eHIIblx cpeAHi4MLr; 06paTnTL BHLIMaHIIe AeTeii Ha yAaqnble anlJILI-
ftaqr4r,r cTapmux pe6ET. Otruernrr
Tex, r(To IIpo,IBI{JI caMocToqTersHocTb, TBoprIecTBo.
Bce orxprrTxu ocraBl{rt Ha Hexoropoe BpeM.E Ha creHAe, uro6rr qerlr paccMarprrBaJll'I
ux. B nocreAyroqtre
[IrI4 Motftno npeAJIomIlrI' yRpacflrr' orRp]'IrRI{ Blryrpl{ (cAe,raft'
arrlJrnRarlEro [Jrr{ qro-Hl46yAb HapllcoBaTr). 3ry pa60Ty Mo}ItHo npoBo,qil rb BHe
garflTrril.
no )fieJraultlo nerefi.
fIoAroroBft
a rt BaIr.Erurc.
Paccuorperr' c AerbMlI noaApaBIlreJlblll'Ie
oTHplrrRr,
flocB.frqeltHHe 8 Mapra.
06patlrtr'
BHr{MaHIIe Ha To, qro IIOqTI'I BCe
orl{pbrTRil yfipameHbl qBeTaMI4, JIHCTbffMI{, TIOTOMy qTO eTO BeCeHlll4fi Xerorlrii
npasArrrrft; qro Bce orr(pBlTltn paSHble, l(pacl4Bble. Hapeaatl pasIIoIIBerHbIe rIp.EMo-
)'TOJrBrrrrftr4, cJlo1l{lrTL ux ronoJIaM, rIT06},I noJlyqulacr,
gnofina.E oTRpblrI{a (AeTII
6ygyr yxpauarb
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a B cepeAl4ne - BHe 3aHfiTIr.E, rro
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ToB I{ npfiMoyroJlbHlrKrr AJIfl JIIrcrbeB; crapmltM lrpfiroroBurh
pa3JuqHble 6yr*lamxrre
3ATOTOBRn (npruoyronrnlrftR,
noJIocRI4), a carrrrrru 6o.rsmtlu - Ha6op6l IIBerHoIi
6yruaru. Caerars
BaplrarHBHI'Ie 06pa3ubI (c yuerott BosMo'fiHoerefr 1erefi Bcex
BospacroB).
BOnPOCbI
1. Ranue BEaHrr.flnoJlyqalor AerIr paBJlI{qHbrx Bo3pacrHr'rx rpynn' SaHItMa.Ecb
anrrJr14fiauaefi?
-2.
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ftaqrrr4 B ollpeAeJleHHbrxrpynnax?
3. Kar ycnoxrtercx rexuIlI(a pa6otbl IroffiHr'IIlaMi or oAHofi B03pacrnofi rpyflfir,I
n Apyrofi?
-4.
qtn olpeAeJlner Bbl6op reMartrRII BaHffrllfi rlo anniIlHaIIuI4 B rlo6oii Bo3-
pacrHoii tpyrne?
-
5. Itan u3Megffercq BBar.tMocBfl3lrrarJrffAnr,rxI{ cJIoBecIrbIxfiplreMoB o6yventlR
or rpyfi[br R rpynrle?
6. B qeM cocrour Me}}(JIpeAMerHa.HcBffBF,arI[JrI{(aqIrIt c pucoBaEtteM, JIeTIROI{i
'
3AAAHnt
1. Cgenarr
na6op rpalpaperoB
AJIfi pa6orBl c AerbMI't Mflalflleto Boapacra'
Bsrpeaarr reoMerplrqecnlre
QI{rypbI I{ Hexoropr'Ie cl{Jryerbl Irrpynefi.
-
2. Cge.narr Ea6op rpa(paperoB AJr.E Br,rnoJrHeErrfi pasJrlrqHHx AeRoparuBHhIx pa-
6or (vafirurx, qarrlxa, 6a6ovxa, (papryuex, soHTlllt, caHH' norlb u t.A .).
3. Bortroo"rto He*oropBre BaprrartrBHr,le ar'n,'I 'rHaqnoHHHe o6paar{6r Aflq pa6olb]
B pasHhIX BospacTHbIX rpynnax
Iro npeAMeTHofi u AefiopaTxBHoII annJlI,IKaIII{Il (IIo
pe(oMeHAaI{UU flperroAaBareJlff yqllJllrqa).
4. Ilogo6parr
paBJILtqHLIe I4JIJIlocfpaqlln,
fiaprlrHl{I4, B l{oropblx qerno
npo-
cJreE(rrBaeTcrr (popua, cIrJIysT, BI ,IAHa r(OHCTpyRqI{q [peAMera.
5. CocrasntL
fioEcrrefir saHsTr.r.s B onpeAeJreHHori BospaoTHoii rpylne
lI npo-
Becrr.l elo e 6aaoso[.t ASTCXoM ca4V (ttu n,'laHy neAarorlrgecnoi;i IpaltTl'l]tH yqtlnlllUa).
6. Cocrasurb RaJreHAapHHfi nraH 3aHsTfiii no annJrnfiaqrrrr Ha nepl,loA Helrpc-
psrnnoii flpaftTnftu B 6asoBoM AeTcItoM CaAy, qeTfio onpeAeJrnB rleJrb Hal+(Aoro 3aHflrIIs
lr [or(asaB nocJleAoBareJIbIIOe ycJIoE(HeIIue pa6oTbl. Pacrplt:rl B3al{MocBfl3b c Apy-
rUMIt BriAaMr{ 14806paAr4TeJIbHOftAeffTeIbHOCTI{, C ApyTUMII CTOpOHaMI{ BOCIIL|TaTeJIb-
'nofi pa6otu.
Oro6patr
ocnoBlrlie MeroAbI o6yqeHilr{.
PEI(OMEHNAqN II R NPOBE NEHNIO
NPAKT I4\IECI{ IIX SAHNT Nfr B YTIilJIII AE
Ha nparrravecxlrx 3agffTnflX B yqrrJrr{rqeocgoBgoe BH1rMagr.reyqa111fixc.sAoJr1{rro
6urr, nanpaa;reuo Ha ygBoeglre pa3uoo6pa3n6lx MeToAoBpa6oTbr c AerhMII paSJII4q-
rrr,rx BospacrHBlx rpyIIII.
By4yrqeuy BocnlrrareJrb Heo6xoAI'IMo:
l. Vuerr, opraalr3oBarl, rr rrpaBLrJIr,EolpoBecrlr o6creAoBaHue rlpeAMera' Ho-
Topr,lfr 6yAer .uio6paxten. IIpn arou yqrrrblBarb Bo3pacr Aereft n oco6eHHocrLr
#
225

npeAMeTa, r{oropBre Bax{Hbt AJrs ero afifiJfiRarll{oHrroro u3o6pameHr.rfl (rlrocKooTHarr
QopMa, BeJluquHa, qtser, rrporropqr.rrl, r(oHTypHaH Jrrrrutr, xapaxTepHbre Aeral'rH).
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Hocrr{ rpr{ flo}roilIu Jrernoro cMaBbrBarr}tq(popv r.;reeu c o6paruori cropoH r-t r.rJru
nprr noMorrln Q,ratelerpaQa (nonaar,rnaa, croqrb HaAo cJreBa or AooKfl r{Jrr,rMoJrrl
6epr:a, ue ;lar'opa?fir,rBatruao6pamennr:)
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c HIrMrr (lucr 6yuaru Hyl*rro Aep?rtarl ran, uro6lr 4erRu 6u;ra nu4ra Jrr{Hr{rrpa:}-
pe3a. Crorrrb c,re4yer rra HefioropoM paccrofirrurr or rrgpBhrx croJroB, .lro6r,r sceM
6rr;ro xoponro nn4ro)
4. Hayuurr,cn corlpoBolr{Aarb Kaxtgoe ABuxreune pyrrr c Ho)nnr.rrlaMn roqHbrM
cJroBecH6tMltotrcrreHI4eM,onpeAe.neHI4eM.
5. Barrgo Hayrllrrhcs nonaablllarL lr o6Tgcur{rr Bce erarrbr irrpeesrnannR ua
6yuarr.r , c,'rorrerrEofi rJAtsoe, rapMorrrrtofi. Hayqfirr]cfl AeDlorrcrpxpoBarb rrprreMbr
crrJry?THoro BbrpeBr,rBaflr{fi,oonpoBo}r{[afl r4x cJroBoM. floynpaxuxtr,cq B rrptleMax
rrorcaaapa6orlr cnooo6ou o6punanur 6yuaru.
6. l{:roron.nsq Ea rrenoroprilx rrpaHTr4qecRr{xaaHffT}tfix o6paarlrr, Hayqr,rrr ,cfl
noMlil{rrr o Bo3pacrfibrx oco6ennocrqx 4ereii, fix r.rao6paaurelrHr,rx yMerrr{flx u
TOXrrrqecI{14xHaBhlRa_x .
BONPOCbI NJIfl AHAJINSA TETCfr,NX
AIIIIJI nK AqWOHH LI X PABOT ytl AAUM I4Cfl
IJ BAsOBOM TETCITOM CANY
l. CoorBcrcrsver .irfi reMa BaHrrrr.rflnporpaMMe AaHHor:inoapacruoii r.pylrrn?
2. I{a nuu r,rao6paaurellllr,rM yMeIrtl.sM r{ TexHIlqecKuM HaBrrrHaMo65' .1n;11aqt
AeTrr Ha aanflrfitr?
3. CoorsdrcrnyroT,'tr{ rlnera 6yuaru nporpaMMc nr,BpacrH()r;rp}'lillr,t , ooAep
)fiagrrrc r.rao6naxrcunq?
4. Harono HaqecrBo r.rcnoJrr,rlyeMoroMarepuaJra (Qanrypa 6yuarll, n.rreii)?
5. l4ueer Jrr.rreMa aarurrurli o6paanurrt xaparrep?
^
6. Fl qeu rporrBr{JrucbcaMocroqrejrbuocrb, aHrutsHoorb, rBopceol.uollereii?
f naea 12
KOHCTPYI,IPOBAH],IE
$ l. 3rarexxe KoHcrpyxpoBaHxs
f,rs BCecToPoHHeroPa3Bhtxr
pe6eHKa-AourKorbHhKa
Teplrlru (KoHcrpyrrpoBarrrre)(o'r narraucxoro cJroBaconstruere)
osHarraeTrrprrBeAeHueB onpeAeJreHHoeBsar4MorroJro?r{eHr{e
paSrurrHErx
npeAMeToB,qacTeii:,SJreMeHToB.
IIo0 )e.rcrcuu, Hovcrpllupora,H,ueJwnpurrnro noH,uilarb paaruoo1
pa3nble nocrp ortnu u:JcTpouTenbHozo,rLaTep uat a, u3eoTosJLer{u.enoae-
rLoHu uepawett u3 6aMa?u, fiapTona, 0epeea u apaeur twarepua,/1o6.
llo cnoeny xapaxrepy oHo 6oree Bcero cxoAHo c nao6paarrreJrbrroi{
226
AerrreJrbH.ocrbro r4 r4rporl - B HeM TaK)fie oTpaHraercfl onpyxarctqag
AoiicrBrrreJrbHocrb. flocrpoliHtl I{ tIoAeJIKITAerefr cJryxtar AJIfl npal(Tr4-
qecHoro r4c[oJIbSoBaHIr-E (rOCrpofixu - AJrfl. I{rpbl' [oAeJIKI4 - AJrfl
yHparxeHlrfl eJInIl, AJIfl rloAapKa MaMe I'I r. A .) , [osTOMy AOJIE{Hr'Ico-
orBercrBoBarb cBoeMy HaSHarIeHI4IO.
Kou,crpynrueu,aa 0eare,nuu ,ocrb - ero npanruvecwan c,en.e"'I'b-
Hocrb, Honpa6teHHutl H,a noly'reHue onpeAelleHHoeo,JapaHee soAA-
MaH,Hoeo p ea"I,bH,oeo np oa a tcra, coor I er cr I a rct4 e?o eeo fi a trft \uoH'ar'b'
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Banr{rc sgaqt{TeJrbHoe MecTo B pa6oTe c ASTLMIT BCSX Bo3paCTHbIX
rpyrrn, raK HaK OHo o6JraAaeTqpesBbrqaiiHo rfllIpoHrrMrr BOBMo?r(Ho0rfl-
Mrr AJrf yMcTBerIHOrO, HpaBCTBeIIHOIO, SCTeTI{qeCHOrO,TpyAOBOIO
BOCIII{TAI{I'fl.
Ha eansrnnx KoHcrpylrpoBaHI'IeM ocyqecrBJlflercq paaBurIre ceH-
copHbrx r{ MLIcJIIrreJIblrt'Ix cuoco6Hocrefi AereIi. [Ip"
npaBI{JIbHO
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pyKrrrBHo-rexHr{llecKlle yMeHI{-fl (coopy?fiaTb orAeJIblrble npeAMeThI
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uB 6ylraru paarlrugi,Ie noAeJIKI{ - erotrgble I'rrpylrr1l{' K9pa6JII'IKI{
r'r r. II.), Ho I{ o6o6rqeunrre yMeHIrfl - IIeJIeI{anpaBJIeHHo paccMar-
prrtsarb IpeAMerbr, cpaBlrlrBarb Irx Me)fiAy co6ofi Il pacrureHflTb Ha qac-
Tr4,Br{AeTbts Hllx o6qee u pasIntlHoe, HaXOAI4TbOCHOBHbIeHOHCTpyH-
Tr{RHbrerlacTt{, OT KOTOpIIX SaBIICIIT pacnOJIOE(eHIIeApyrl{x qacTeft,
AeJrarb yMo3altrrcqelHilfl. v . o6o6rqenun.
Baxno, arro MbIIIrJreHIre Aerefr B Irpoqecce KoHcrpyxrlrBHofr Aefl-
reJrblrooTl{ IIMeeT IIpaRTUqecKylo HanpaBJIeHHoCTE'LI HOCI1TTBOpaIe-
cKrrii xapaKrepa.
llpu o6yvenuu Aereli KoHerpyLIpoBaHI4Io paSBlrBaercfl nJIaHIrpy-
oruan Mbrc.rllrre.llf'Hafl AeflTeJIbHOCTb,qr0 -fiBrflercfl Balr(Hr,IM Qanro-
poM Irpr,rQopruuponaHl4u yqe6Hofi 4entenlnocrl{. Aerld, KoHcrpyl4pyfl
rrocTpofiRy Lrilfi IIoAerKy, MbICJIeHHO IIpeACTaBJIflIOT, KaKrrMIr OHI{
6yAyr, r'r Bapanee flJraHlrpyrcr, RaI{ Irx 6yRyt BLIIroJIHtrrb I{ B Kanoii
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IxeHnfi. B cer{au c arlrM pealb Aerefi o6orarlaercfl HOBbIMI4TepMI'IHa-
Mr4, rroHflrrrriun (6pycoR, Ky6, rlrpaMIrAa Ir Ap.), noropble B Apyrlrx
Rr{IIax /{efreJII'HocrI'I yIIorpe6JrflIoTcf peAKo; AerI'{ yflpa}r(HflIorcfl
B rrpaBr,rJrbHoM ynorpe6Jlelrl4l{ [OHflTIrft (eur'conufi'
-
tlu7hurt, 0nuu,-
trbli - noporvurt,
wuponufl - yanuti, 6ontwort - JrrarLeH'bturt), B
roqHoM cJroBecrloM yKasaHltll HanpaBJIeHI{r (na4 - rIoA, BIrpaBo -
BJreBO,BHI4I3- BBepX, c3aArl - cnepeAH, 6nume I4 r. A.).
ItoncrpyHtuBHafl AeflrerbHocrb flBJrflercfl Tafi)fie cpeAcrBoM HpaB-
cTBeHrrolo BOCIInTaHI{fl AOITTKOJIbHTIKOB.
B IIpOqeCCe 3TOfi AeflTerb-
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HIrrr {err{, opraHIlSoBaHHOCTb.
227

ConuecrHan KorrclpynTr,rBHa.E
AeffTenrHocrr 4erefi (Honlexrnn_
nrre nocrpoftnn, no,qe.nxu) rrrpaer 60nruryro poJrb B BOCnrrraHrrr4
nepBoHarlafibHblxHaBhrHonpa6orr,r B KOJIJIeHTT4Be
-
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prrreJrbHoAoloBoprlrbcn (pacnpeAernrb o6ssanRocrn. oro6pau ua-
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crrJraHrrpoBaTi,ilpoqecc rrx uBroroBJreur4flr.{r. A.) u pa6orarl Apy?r{Ho,
He Merrrafl Apyr Apyry.
tr4aroronneutreAerbMrr paarnrrHr,rx rroAeJron14nrpyxreK AJrflrroAap-
Ka MaMe, 6a6ymxe, cecrpe, MJraArrreMyroBapr,rrqyr4JrrrcBepcrrrrrny
BOCfIr4Tr'IBaer
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ortrornenue x 6nllanuu, H
ToBaprrilIaM, )fieJraHrle cAeJrarb r{M qro-To nprrflTHoe. tr4uenHo aro
)fieJraHr{eqacro BacraBJr.serpe6enna rpyAnrbcfl c oco6lru ycepAr,IeMr.r
crapaHl4eM,uro 4e.raer ero AerlTeJrbHocrberqe 6onee nornoHponnori
Ir IlpraHocrrTeMy 6orr,moe yAoBJrerBopeHr{e.
Hamoueq, fioncrpyr(TtrBHaflAeffTeJrbHocrbrrMeer 6onluroe BHaqe-
HI,Ie rr ,AJrflBocnr{TaHn.flecrerrrqecmr,rxrryBcrB, IIpIa aHaxoMcrBe Ae-
reft c conpeMeHHbrMl{BAaHI{ffMr.rtr c HexoropbrMrr AocryrrHbrMlrAJrfl
llx rroHlrManr.rfiapxr.rrexTypHbr.MrlnaMffrHrrmaMn (ltpeu.rrr, Eollruoft
rearp r.r r,4.) paanuBaercffxyAolr(ecrBennsrfinxyc, yMeHr,reBocrop-
rarbcff apxl{TeHTypnsrur.r6orarcrBaMI{ r4 noI{r{Marb, rITo rleHHocrh
rro6oro coopy?fieur.rffBanilroqaercff He roJrbno B coorBercrBr,rlr ero
npaftTfirlecmoMyHaBHar{eHlrro,r{o r4 B ero oeopu;renl{I{ - npocrora
r{ qerxocrb
*oprnt, Bbr4ep?fiaHHocrlrlBeroBblxcoqeraHrafi,lrpo4yruau-
HOCTbyfiparrreHr4fr4 T.A.
TIltroronnenrre rroAeJroKnB rrptrpoArroro Marepr.rara Sopurapyer
y 4ereft He roJrbno rexHlrqecKr4eyMenr{fl Ir llaBbrnu, no n oco6oe
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qyBcrBoBarb KpacoTy r,rayMpyAnoroMxa r{ ffpr(o-KpacuortpR6lrnur,
npfirryAfir4BocrrHopHeft r{ Berox IIepeBbeB,qyBcrBoBarb Rpacory r4
qenecoo6paanocrbrax coqeranuii.
O4uamo ranoe Mnorocroporrnee BnaqeHrleB BocnrlTarruu p,eteir
HoHcrpyKTr.rBHa.f,AegreJrbHocrbnpno6peraer roJrbKo rlprr ycJroBrdrd
ocyilIecrBJreHr4r cr{creMarr,IqecKoro o6yvenraR, r.rcrroJrbiloBaHr4rtr
paB-
noo6pasurrx MeroAoB,Ha[paBJreHHbrxHa paaBr{TlreHe roJlbr(oHoHcr-
pynTr{BHbrxyueunlt rr HaBr,IIroB,Ho rr rleuHbrx RarrecrBJrr{quocrr,rpe-
6enHa, ero yMcrBerrHbrxcrroco6nocrefi.
$ 2. BlRu KoHcrpyrrhBHoro l arePhana
flpu o6yvennu gerefi" Koucrpynrrrnuorl 4eRreJrr,HocrrdB AercKoM
ca4y rrcrroJrbayrorcrr
crporrreJrbHuiiuarepraaJr,KoHcrpynropr,r,6vuara,
6poconue rr rrprrpoAHbreMareplraJru. Blr4 MareprlaJraonpeAeJrnerr{
BrrA KoHcrpynpoBarinfl- noHcrpyupoBaHrrer4BcrporrrcJrr,rroroMare-
prdaJra,RoHcrpyr{poBaHr.relrs 6yuarra, KoncrpyrrpoBaHrrer{B rrpr4poA-
HOrOMaTeplra.[arr T.A.
Crpor{reJrrnrrfi
Marepr.raJr rrpeAcraBJrfler
co6oii ua6op
paanoo6paanbrxreoMerpnarecnr{xren (Hy6, qr{JrrrHAp,npu3Ma rar. A.).
Ou 4e"rriarcaira ue;rHr.rii(nacrontnrrii) ll Hpynnuii.
228
Ha 3aHffTLrfixI4ctIoJIBByIorcnpaaHoo6pasnue Ha6opu MeJrKoro
(uacrorrnoro) crpol4reJlbnoro MarepI,Iala M. rI. Arauosofi' na6oplr
.Ir&2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, paapa6oraHlrble Htr{tr4 urpylnnl4' na6op <}tou-
MyHap) Ir Ap.
Bo nperur aanqrflfi MarepI,IaJIaBcero AoJI?t{no6ltrr, 6onrrue, ueu
rpe6yerca AJrfl AaHHoft noctpofrxu (lr no sJIeMeHTaM,I{ tlo KoJIIT-
uecrny), urobbt flpfiytlaTb 4ereft or6r.lparb roJlblto neo6xo4raMbleAe-
TaJIIr, COOTBeTCTByIOqI{e AX SaMbICJry.
Opranuayn Aercryro HoHcrpy(rI4BHylo AeflreJrbHocrbI{3 crpoll-
reJIbHbrx MareprraJroB,BocIILITareJIblrcrroJIbByeru paanoo6paBHble
MeJInr{e r{rpytuKu, uao6partarorqne nrc4efr, ?ttIrBorHbIx, pacreHl{fl,
noft 4eRte,rbnocrl{ 4erefr.
Xpauurr arpolrreJlbHrtfi uarepuan y4o6nee Bcero B cneqnaJrb-
ItoscrpyKro
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229

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231

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quBaor tl,rcoHyrl altrltBHocrr, 1t'.t,t'ii n caMOcroflTeJrbHocrr.
C 6o.irr,rrurn uHTepocoNr /lorr.r ll(|Jrartlr urpylltKu c Atsnrarrull.rMr{orr
il(lra,tlHMll l.ri] KaproHa (aaiiulrr, Nt(]lIBo]r{()H(}r{,Marpeflrxa), ocnar.rnan
ill)lr('Mt,r Ir,^nil]tiltoro H1l('ilJt(,il1,ril
or/teJtbHbtx 4t'ra,rtei;iK ocHouH0ii
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qaoTI{ Hl,{T}toii. llpn o6'tncgcHltl.t lto(lll14'fil'l'(}.ll
t, tlctl6tlc ttttt'tualtutr 06
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coeAlrrteflut{ 4c'r'a.lrcii.i)'r'oii Ttllttrullit) ltooBfluIa(}T(-]fl
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Ha oA'oM r,1BHr.lx ll(trtI /\eJt.ror:laii'lI'lHa, NIoIIB()Atl'
[reBeJrnrq[x JrattaM]l (rro er,r6opy) , rla 71p1tr'<llt :JBopK)lrl()lt'
-
fivltoJI'
r4rparcrrll4x Ha ty,r,u*onultn't
uHLTpvM(lllrax: .fl.{Tilpc'
6alla6atro'
6ananaiixe (o4ny ttrpylrrny no Bbloopy)'
3angrtrg Il() l,litfoTolt.llClIl.tlotro/\()JroI{l{3 rtpltpolHofo NlaT(}p11il']lil
(xe.nygefi, Irruluen, c,eMlH' Bt]ToI{) IrpotsoAt{lcff B oottollHoM 'rl()ToMll
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cltoJlbno 4u.ii go llari'Tu' 'octlI,tTaTcJtt,.oo o6trlatl'r At)Tt{Mofo 'l'()NlV11
Ilpql,rlaraor t"o6lrparr, ooorBercrllylotunu I\faropilaJI'
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i{p;;i;;'IIlarr.qrta
u nur,* , 11ncc'6axr'r tr r' iI'), Bocrtl'lrarr)'ttt''co6.tr
u*irru"r,, cl6partlacr.'^ oB,rra/leltrt)Acrt,Mt{ cttttc.6altil KI)trllJto'I4'I or-
AeJIbHblx 4eralefi tlpn rIoMorlllr I{JIe[ !{ cnllqeu' a ral(H{c yMeHt,llJM
lpt4,t"u",,
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cToJroM,AoroBtrpntsarlrofl o conlrccrnoii pa6o'rt'
-
ItTo Kanyo tpuryptly
6yi1er gc"ltar|, R C(X)Tt]t)Tc.ttsl,|!I(l tl6rtlelir H()N,lIlo3t''||(l|('i,i,
t't lla.rt'utI]MecT()
cocTaBJrflIOT :)Ty I{OMIIOSnI(II()'
Btlcrrrltarelir o6y'racr;ltlttli'r r.annto l'lltroroll'rlt'rttlrl 6a6o'{eI{' pl't-
6oH lra HepacKpl,tRlttcliic'qc'ocHolloll lllt'IltIl{l'1'
B ,r1a.rrr ,'eiiriloM
'oryqo'Hr,r() Ha )Tl.{x 3a"trr,*tx 3}lalJl'lrlIl vMoII14'
AeTIIBaHp0IIJIflIoTI{a3aHflT,IflxI(oHcTpyllpoRilllI{eN'rII()i]aM['t(].]Iy1
a TaK}1(eR II()tlroJlt'llocrll r]Il(l ilalltlrlll'I'
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.
!,eru lt.roi.i eo:lpacruoii rltytrrll,l 0oRatlLlilIOTlr:lforollJl0ILl'l()/loc'ra-
roqHo 0,ro?+rHbtxtion(-rTpyKllrlii,rptr6yrrlllrx 6ttLll,ttttrx'toxllrlqec'Rtlx
ynrcu'ii, ltoi)ToMy rr,r41i,i6u,,,,o(t'ott (l II t) tl t'l(' IIoc.rlcl\oBilrt)'rlbrlo0'l'14
l,1l]|().t()l]Jt(}|1|,]t'tttol'((r,]|I(l{I,||I()Itili]lI(]ll()JlIli]VK).|() '|tt()clIIlTa'l.o.Itt'M/l()
cTaTOqH() qac'[o.
Tarri,ttallpl{Nlt'p,llpullo/\t)Jllt('/ -loNtilo6tt'rttttluaMttl'lilrollliofo
KapT()I{a B()c,||l,t,l .il ,|( ' .1|
t, I}HillItI.]I0 Il()Kal}I,lBa(' .| . f o.|()|]Vt() t(()tI(]TpytiI\trx)
MIIOIOI)Taniltol.o l{oNIa c 6ti.ltt{tltraltll .lloll}ltlluNllI, U lltI'l 't'M tl6t'stlnttr"l'
n()cJ10I\()tstlTcJlI,tl()(]'t.b pa6rl.rr ,r , II()ltiil]|l| Itil('T , I{tltt Ita/\() ct(JIa/.\|,|I]aTF,
JrItcr, ilaAp(rtilrr, r,ro,.r ,fo6r,r rtr).rtyrv11.,' ra,',64;tHottt't,Ritli (llt'll('lllltlrl'
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llplr rro4o,rrHc BOpTyrIIHl.l llocIll.lrtlTLlJIb rilltlltt'rloglt<l6tro
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or rleHrpa Uu ,,nurui,'* u*
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nplr6lar.r , nep'y'uxy
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255

Hr.reM oopaSqa
u qacTrlrrfr6rM fiOKaSOM (HanpnMep,Ha
BAH'ITI{],I TO IISTOTOBJIEHUIO Ir3 6YMATU ME6EflI') I{JIII BOIIPOCAMII IT
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uMerouluecfl y Hr{x BHaHr4E. Tax, uanpra-
Mep' Ha SaIIflTIru
no ItBroroBJreHrrK) e,TotIHbIx rI{pJIfrHA BHaqaJIe
o6c"rte4yurcfl roroBr,re o6paaqrr, a BareM Bocrrrrrarerr, cnpa[rrrBaer
4oterti, Hafi IlX HaAO AeJIarfr, yroqHfler
orBcrr,r ,
ilocJl(} 3TOr.0 Aerr,t
CAMoCTOfl TEJIbHO BbITIOJIHflIOT 3A,IIAHI4E .
Ec.nr.ruo4el*a Aocraroqrro rpyAoeMKafl r{ rpe6yer 6o.rrr,'rofi aa_
Tparbl BpeMeHll' To ee rISroroBJIeHI{e BoctIl'ITareJIb Mo}I{er pac[peAe-
Jllrrb IIa ABa 3aHflTr4fl' KaK aro AeJraercfl, Haupl{Mep, ilpII roAeJIKe
,,TP YIII EH C.ABIIIANTqtr,IMIICtrAETAJIflM'I. HA TTEPNOU|]AHETIIII BOCTIIITA_
TeJIb lloHasr,rBae'f 0AHoro-AByx ea6annr,rx sBepylileK, cAeJralrHbrx tlM
caMll M rr3 KaproHa, r4 rotsoprrr, rrro 4err.r 6y4yr AeJrarrr Tanue }I(e
nrpyulHl{ AJrs I4rpbl B Tearp' I{ ceroAHt{ oHll HaplrcyruT Ha HaproHe
?r{r4BorHoe,Koropoe rrprfAyMarcT caura.
,(erlr pucyror r{ pacKpailrr{BarcT
B c(x)TBorcrBurrr e BaMbIcJroM (rynounrrqe, roJroBy, fla[br 14 T. A.)
.
I{a eropolr BaHETulr Aerr{ 'ro lonaBy u o6'rscneur{,t , Bocrrr{Tarr}Jrfl
Macrcpflr r,r3 err4x plrcyHnoB r4rpylllr{r4.
oprannaarlrs eagsrr4ii ''o r'BrorotsJroHr4]orrrpyrrrefi rpe6yer 6o.ns-
tttoii u peABapr4Tcn rnofi tIoAro'1'0Bf(rr, KoTopyroB0cnrrra-
Ilpc!/IBapr{Te,Ib}rou troAroToBKr{: qeM paHbllre AeTr saAyMaKtTcfl HaA
ToNl' qro oHlr xorflT c,4eJlarb' KaKlIe MaropIraJILI IrM trIttr aroro
rona4o6nrofl r{ r.,rI., TeM r{HrepecHee tl coAepx{areJrbHee 6ygyr lrx
lr(uIcJrr{I,l .
Tan, uaupuMep, AJrflrroAeJrr{n[)aJ
JrrrrrHr,rxQrlrypox rrrJ me.ny4eri /lel,ir
BMecre c Boclrr{Tare.nelrco6r.rparorir{o
JIyAr.rpaaHoro paBMepau rpopnrlr,nox,
Hycorrxr4ronnofi 6epecrrr, xynypyarrr,re
pr,rJrbrla rr r. r. 14 fiocnoJrbny Aerx
(no 4noe) aapaHeeo6nonaplrnarorcBor,r
KoM[oar4qrrrr(crcmer cr(aanr{,crr{xor-
nopenr.ra), ro co6lrpaxrr oHr,r r]ror
MaTepnaJr rIeJIeHailpaBJreHHO,aHTTTBHO
o6cyx4an ero coorBercrRne KoHcrpyn-
rr4BHoMy saMbrcJry: ?KeJryIIx, Kp.y.II-
HLIe - AJrfl TyJroBrrrqa, lfreJtnl{e --
A"'lfr
f oJroBbr, ReroqKr{ c paBHbrMr{ uar.u6a-
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AJrfl pytt, Hor', ran, uro6sr B coe/Ir.I
Heuur{ c ?r{eJryAeM :JTo 6nna 6ery-
rrlafl, clr4flrqarr, rrpbrrarorqaa rpnrypnil,
II r.A. (puc. L2, 1.3).Bocrrnrarerrb yr{r.rrAereii Hr! rojrbjio rrog6uparr
Marepl'raJr,coorBercrBvruulrii rrx SiiMbrc!Ty,no 'I crpotrrb SaMbrceJIB
COOTBETCTBI{ITC I4MEIOUIHMC'I MATEPI{A,'IOM. OH O6PATqAET BHI{MAHI4E
4ereii na Bbtpaar.rreJrbnocrr, rpopul,l IapoB rrplrpoAr,r , yqrrr BrrAerb
cxoAcTBo lrpnqyAJrr{Bo nsoruvTbrx Hopnoii, BeTUfi C pAsrnqHbtMr4
rpnrypHaura Hrntsorrrr'rx (6eryrqurt o.rrorrr,,qariJrrr n r.. n.) rr, Aonoflrrflg
9Tr4 ItOpHn, BerKr,t ApyrrrMrr Marepr{airaMn (n.flacrrl.lrr4HoM,Jre[ecrKa-
Mir, ceMeHaMr,t,flroAaMn), 1'cnnue:rrr, o6paarocrr, (pnc. 11+).
9acto BocnurareJlbrrprfllnMar,T
IIe u(icpLrllc l.IJeHHoe vqa-
c r tr e ts rrsrorotsJlrlrrnrr n0Ae.rroH.
'fa.n,
l(ol'Aa /lcrlt rraqnualor paSMc-
IqATI, TOTOBUE QIITYPHII IIA IIOACTABHE, BOCIII,lTA 'IETL , /IEJIACT III14JIOM
HanoJrbrHa rroAcraBfi€]r{ B ororax tpurvport trJrr.rrrptr nar.oroBJleurrr4
aerbMn pn6on, 6a60qon ilil nepacnpl,rnurcficn cocrronoii [rurxKn,
ocrp_brM.HolnoM rrpopeilaer orBellcrflrr AJlfl rrJrilBHr,lKoBfi fipbrJIbets.
Bon'uoe
tsocilI{Tar[rJrLH(]e BHaalcrHr,r[t,nMeer oprarifir]aql{fl B },r
-
c r a BK r{ Aercxr{x pa6o'r, uprryporrcHnafl R poAn.re"rrbcnoMyco6pa-
Hrrro, R rrpa3Arrr.rKy8 Mapra rr r. I{. V gereii n{)nts,'rqercflrfieJraHrre
cAe.rrarbcoorr pa6ory .tryqtlre,lotst]lluaorci{ orBL}T'crseHHocrbBa ee
BllrloJrrreHfle.A upun.nea{euneAcrerl H opr;ruri3uqulr Bhl('raBnrrcro-
co6crBver paaBr{Tr{oy ur{x :)cre.rrrrrocnor.oBnvcir.
TIP14M IJPII bI tN ITOH(] II I.J}(T'I,I 3A }I'I T I,{}1
Crapruax rpynra
IIo0etna ua ntorno[.i . 64nazu. r ,I{ ap:,tunou.nat
ll_p o r p a M lr lt o a o o.( a LlH{a H' c. },' .r nr ,r,l('Ter{ {rK.ildllbruar.rnungpar.Hutii
llrcr 6vualu rta 10 ua.ressKlrr l(aa/{})atou,i(('Jralr,'rcrnnecrr6r,r, Ha/{po:rarb.rrqtlrx
ctlt6os. Oopltrlgtnart .yMtlHrr(ro6c;tc4oeitrr, rr[)cAM(,r(] ToqHil ;r[)o]rnqcro rrpaHT14-
IIEOKOIO IIASHAqOHI,T 'I .
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'r
rrrr IJHaqirlrt'3ilurn.rul
rlocru.raroJrr,
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VItl)allloiltrvt)
illilt rrrr.arUtr,ii. il|r/I,Jtat'rr'1. ee pac
{
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Put, l1+ ltran.ns.
256
12 -- 1.3 tDlrrypnlr lrrc4eii, noJryq0HHr'lc nyreM ooe/luHcHI{s IIecHofibxux qacrei;i.
2s7

cMoTpeTr' I{ SaAaer cneAyroilIr4e Bonpocbr: (fta(-MOX{HO I{CrroJIb3OBaTI'eTy ltopsrr-
Hoqrrv (cKnaAHBarI'ryAa E{enyAIl, qnerounr're ceMeHa n r'g')? F{anoii ona Qopuu
tffiidffi;il'14;#;;-
qacrefiona coc.roilr(Auo,crenrn, pyuna) u Ann qero
Ka?(Aatr I4B Hrrx Hyx(Ha (Ha AIro KJraAyr ceMeHa' creHfir{ - qto6u celrena He BbIcbI-
flaJrllcb, pyqrta -- nroo",
-y,qi6n*o
4""p*"'u
Hoparnny)?>
flocro
raroro
o6c:reqo-
BaHI{rr RopSrHfit'l BocrltrrareJlb rIO}(aSHBaer' I{afi ee Hy}nHo A(}"rarb: cJlo}ltflTh JrI{CT
lolroJlaM, SaTeM r(anv\yru cTopoHy ToE(e [oIIOJlaM; TIOTOM tlotsopHyTb fiBaApaT TaR'
;;";6;-;; "; ,
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oH HaApeaaercq c AByx upi,'"tt -,nu"ttt*HI'lx
cropoH (ctrpaoa H cJreBa tlo oAHoMy
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rloc,re Droro ltoctllrraroJlb llpc,llJlaraer Aert{M lloAyMarb' KaK oJIo}r{Hfs l'l
cxrrel,Irbory roroByrc nurnpoiixy, uro6u no'tyuu"u""
"o"
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Ir3roroBrrrb ra*fle 'r{e KopSfiHKrr. Pyuny U arUIJilIKa{uro Aorrr AeJtarcT caMoc'ToflTeJrbHo'
Bo rpeun t prnr"o."nufi";;;;;"";;;'r
aoreii Bocunrarorrb
crreAtrr ira tou' qro6sr
onl, ioporro
npotnafi{I{RaJrtr crlr6r't t'r AeJIaJrn roqnble }IaApeaH'
floarorornre.lr'Har
ft mftone rpyrrrr
Ilocrpoil'na
lttocru
qepea pen7
1t'n
neweto)oo
u
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py"po"uro
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BrrflMIl, yMeHHe aHaJrl,:Jilpol'arb gTtt ycnoBlttr ll B coorBercrBl;ltr c llnMt{ ttoHTpOJril-
poBaTb cBolo flpafiTlrrrecfiylo,[enTeJll'HocTb:
Meronllxa
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lJ uaqa;le gaHnTutrlIpoBO-
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6eceni c qeJrbru yrotrneiluE llpol\oraBJerllrii 4c'rcii o pa3ruqrlbrx
KoHcrpyfiqnqx MocroB. [Jocuurare'ns
llpclnafaor
AertlM BclloMIrI'trb' I{aI{I4t} Mocrbl
orur na6lrcqaln,
paccMarpLRaJlIr Ha r{aprI{HRax' Kafi[lo crl]ollJtl{ paHl'Ile' qeM oHI4
orJll{qaJlrlcb Apyr or 4pyto
"
qro y trllx 6ulto o6l1ee' oAlrrlaKoRo(t (o6ttllttl qacru -
oxopln, eaAoBaq qaorb, cllycfilr, [eplrra, no paollrunoii tpoprvrlt' llanplrMep' v Mocra
llJrtt rpallcrlopra cfiyo*rt 'itt "u "uo ' a y relnexoAuot'o
-
Crynenr'mn n t 1')'
3areu soclturare.nl o6paulaer tsHttMaHrlo Acrofi na,
"tt*':t1"1:11-. ,{\
HI{x Ma-
,.,p"u'n^'ln""r
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rfruryJrru JrKlAe,) r{ IIpeA-
'araer
nocrpourr,
Mocr
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p.,*y (noxaauoae'r
"r rr.ro.r6yuaru ) ral{oii utuptlnr'r,
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;;;;;_ ' ;r;;;;o' .
B upoqecce Bb''rorrHerm'
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reu, uto6st Acrlr ltonrpoJlllpoBaJlrr AJuHy Mocra l{ ol'o lllllprruy' tlpoBoAtl cpaay Atse
"u*t"nr.
flpt,r ana.rlr'rse netin"x
flocrpoefi oco6o orneqaruTLtl r0 Il3 llHx' Itoropblc He
TOJIbl{oOTBeqaIoTB00M3a/IaI|HI'IMycJloBx-EM'IloIIlIMeloTopl'l.l{}IaJIl'H00R()HcTpyK-
Tr{RIr0c peIlI0E!Ie.
BOnPocbl
1. Kaltoeo 3raqerrue Korrcrpyr(Tr{Buoii gerren;uocrlr AJlfl Bcecropouuero pa3-
nlrrur pe6enxa-nourxolr'nnxa ?
2. F(anue Marepr.raJrbrI{ Kar( IlcrloJlbayr)rc'E B AercKoM oagy? F(anonu rpe-
6onaHun x ux xPauenuro?
3. Haxonu aagaun o6yuennn Aeteil- I{oucrpyupoBaulr(r !
Ii:p- "- :.i
MJraArreI{
rpyrrne a KaR oHIr v"; ";;;;;
"pt,
o6yt""u/ ieieii ntnpoii t1ull- ""f i rpvr''?
4. Ltaxosst o"no"r ,"," llpneMhr
-o6yueuul
fioHcrpyr{poBaHflrc Aeret MJrarfiIero
Aorlrmo,'tbHoro
noapacra?
-.-
-
^..i ..- ..
5. Kanne BlrAbl HoHcrpyllpoBaHllfl llcll{)JIl'Bytr)rctl
"
pa6""t
-- :"'
ll('rl'M!r cpeAHox
rpyllllbl Ir fial{ue ocHoBHLlt'3aAaql,t porl-tamTcfl B HaH{A(rM tl:l HIlx!
6.KanueMeToAt,lIt ,tlpl{eMI'I -flBJlflruTo'{uara6tr;teoxa[)at(T0[}IlblMtrno6yuelulr
Aereit opeAHeii rpyllllbl ro,ri'pytptl"oHt{rc
nB crpoltrtlJlLHor'o Mitr('phaJItr' tll 6yuartl
rt Apyrxx MaTeptlaroB''
t 3to
crpyxll14r{
258
3aHflrr4e npoBoAnrcq
Torla' fiorAa AeTr'l
Mocra lr ttuerbt onr'rr KoucrpyrrpoBalrr{ff
yx(e ocBOn"'IU pallJllrqHble Horl-
no ycJIoBr'tttM.
7. Vro sonoro noEBJrt{erct u coA('[)]rtrrruuo6v,rcrrilfl,r1crcii crapmeii rpyrrrrsr
noHcrpyrrpoBaHl,ttorr3 crpoureJ'rrruoloMaropflirJta,n:r 6ymarrr, tfa lptrpolt,ltoro Mare-
pua.la? Haxona nprrMepHaflTeMartlrraAoror{nx rroorpo(rfitt tto4cnon?
8. l{axosbr sagavlr o6yueHrrq r{oHcrpyilpoBanuro 4erefi no4rorututc.nrnoii H
urno.nerpynnu?
9. F(arr.rc oorrorJlr,re MeroAbr r.r Ilpr,lcMbr o6yvcnua ftoncrpyr{poBaHlrro r,rcrro,rb-
ayer Bocnr.rrarc;rr,u pa6ore c AerbMlr oraprrroro AorrfioJlr,Horonoapacra? tlcu onu
oTJlnqaroTcE oT McTo,tloRt| ilpr{cMoB, rrc[oJrr]3yeMr,lx u ilpolliJlAyrqllx BoSpacTHbrx
rpynnax?
10. Ftanue rra errrx np[eMoB r{crro!'lr,Byorcq c qenbb (popruuponanufl y craprunx
AorrrKoJrbHrrr{oB
o6o6uleuurtx ortoco6og /(eficrstrn, o6o6qt'rtrux lpoTlcraH;re'Hlrfi,a
fiafifie - c qe,rr,rc @oprrruponauun yMenxfl coaAaBarb co6crseuHr,re fioHcrpyr(TlrBubre
aauutc.nrr?
PEK OME H/144N II fi NPOBE,4EHI4N
IIPAKT I4t] EC TTITX 3A H flT II il B YtT 14JINUE
,I{;raycnerunoro ocyulccrr}Jlonr,rno6yvcrrlrH4crcii uolcrpylrpurlaHr.rmBr)crrr{rareJlb
rrpell{AeBcero caM AoJr)r{e}ru14e'rhr{t,()6xollnMl,rt'arraHrlt{,yMeHrrffrr }IaBr,t}ttt:IIoJI?r{eH
6urr xopouro aHaKoM co uc,oMrrorponroJlr,llr,lMutta6opalru, rtor{crpvnropaMn, uc-
norr,ByeMbrMrl n pa6ore c Acrr,Mr4, Bnarb HaBBar{IreBcex 4era.rei r{ r,rx noucrpyfi-
TrrBHtIe cnoiicrra, BJlaAerb rexEr.tqecKIrMIr t(oHcrpyr{TrrBHr,rMuyMeHlrqMlr (ge,rarr,
rleper(pbrrr.rfl,BaMhrr{arbrrpocrpaucrBo rr r. rr ., AeJrarb nurnpofrxy, qepre}+(,cr(JraAblBarh
6yuary B pa3Hbrx HallpaBJrcHr4nxl, t .n, cooAnrrflTr,orAeJlr,rLreAerarfi noAeJtor{
paarfiqHbrMrlcroco6auu '.-
rpfl uoMoLtlttllJlacrlrJIuHa,KJIcri u r u.) , yMerb aHaJ]n-
ar4poBarbo6paecr1,npc,r(Mcr u r. /1.
Hapnly c arnM BocnuraroJrrc neo6xognuo tsJraAcrbr.rBcoMrrrtpueualtu o6yue-
uIIn: yMerb KoporKO r,r tr('H{)o6rgcurrrr,:raAalruto, rtpaBrrJrr,rroilona3arb rrpoqecc
coopy?r{oHurIlocrpoiinu, rr:iroroBJeuHq rrrpyulHn, lt(rAorrKu- rax,
.rro6u BuAeJrrr
ace Aorr,r, ll r. 1. Harrpnncp, o6'ucnt'Hr'lc r.r rroHaBrrocrpoiiror ,tloMaBr)crorrareJrr,
AoJrlT{eHHaqnHarb c ooopyir{eHrn aaqHoii (lo ornoilrorrurc H 4ornu) creH(rr, a 3a-
RaHqr,rBarb ucpe4rrcii ororrHoii. B rrporrHttottt c.lyqa('foroBal lepeAHHrl crollfta
noMcuracr /lerrrM rlx/lcrb rrpoqocc Bo3Be,qeHnrrApyrux cr(rHon. llpu noxaae lpo-
qecca r{sroroB;renlrH 6yuuxrrroii rrrry1t..rtrtr.r
lo trcpreil{y lrocltrraroJrt, AoJI}t{ol rrcIIoJlb-
aoBarb qepre?fi 6o.nsrtrnxpaaMopoB,qo,lr y Acroi.i , u r. A.
Bcouu lrtltut BHaHuttMu,vMoHlrqMu t,t HaBbrKaMfivqatrlilt:cr{ oBJ]a^eBaIo'tHa
rrpaKTuqecKilx3aHflTr{t{x.
Ilpanruuecnoe aannrun (1)
no npozpul4ne nepaoil u oropori tnta)uur epynn
u cpe)neil ?prtnnbl
1. !(eruoncrpaqna na6opon crpoureJrbHr,rx MareptlaJror],t,rcrroJrhByeMLrx
B pa-
6ore c gersltu n loproii, nropoit ura,quroii u cper4ueiirpyrnax Toqno naerrsars sce
AeraJrn crpol.rreJr,Hofo Marcpua!'la (xy6ux, Knpn[rrlflfi, lrprraMa,n,'raorrruan r. A.) .
2. ltoncrpyapoBaHr{e yqaqnMucn uocrpoex rro lpor'fauue ntopoii n.la4rrrefi lr
cpegnefi rpyln c rleJrbm oB,'raAenlrane<l6xo4rnMbrMr4
KoHcrpyKTlIBHbrMIryMeHfltrMn;
c qer'rbrcoBJ'raAeHnflaHaJlr{3oMnocTpocx, ocHoRaHHoMHa ux o6c.rte4onauuu.IIpe4-
Jlolt(IITbyqa[urM0n caMOcT0nTnr'rr ,Ho
napbfipoBaTb Her{oTopbrer{3 ocBoeHHhlx I,rMtt
rocrpoex c yrieroM rpe.6onanlrii nporpaMMri AJrff :)rrrx rpyfiIr.
[Ipanru.uecnoe aaHnrue (2) no npoepattne
croputet ?pynnbt
I ilnaxotvrcrso yqau1l{xcl c paBrr{rrnr,rMnrra6opaun crpotlrcJlt Horo MaroprlaJta
14K0HCTplKTOpa[4il.l,rClr{rJrLSyIMl'l\lI
R pa6orr'( 'a('Tl,Mtl crapul0ii fpyllllhl.
2. Aua.nna nocrpoefi (ttpc4cran.rteunr'txrra6,rtnqax), nulnoluenHbtx AerbMu
cTap[eH rpyrrnbr.
3. OgJaI\oHue yr{aquMncs roxrtnrtoii o6'r,ltosogr.urrr uoKa3a npileMoB MoAeJlI{po-
BaHnlr r{3 6yuaru rolloJtuH, tlpuntpuoi.i 'r{'Ml 'rrrr{r,t: HoJ}:lrltroqrta,AoMttx, rapaffi,
JroAr{a,napauIrur, lto6cltt,, xy6u nnra4tr tttr.t rr /([)
259

Ilpanruuecnoe
laH,fllue (3) no npoepanne
no1eoroaurenanoil,
n tuno't 'e epqnnbL
SapllcoBol( AeTCI{UX fIOCTpOe( tr8 cTpouTeJIbHOrO MaTepuaJla'
,Il,orrla y,r^ol"n""
c.r"ia"o"x'
ant6ou tr3 eTrrx 3apr{coBo*, Br,IlIOJrItflrOT O6paarqr't
nqAeJIoR, eJroqnhrx [rpyttrefi I'{ oq)opMJlflor llx ,t1:IRnoco6utr; c'ocraBJr'fiIor ItoficIIeKTbI
orIIeJIbHbrx eangrsil.
l-naaa 13
H3OEPA3]'lrEnbHa9 .qEgTEnbHocTb
BltE 3AHgThli
$ l. CogepxaHre carlocroslenbroi ffiodPasr-
renbHoi AetlenbHocth
xy4oxecrneHHoe BOCrrr4TaHr4epe6eHKa rrpor4cxoAl{T IIe TOJII'KOHa
BaHflTIIrlx, HO r,r B [OBCeAHeB]rOfi E(I{3Hr,r.Bamnyno poJtb B aToM I4IpaeT
CaMoCToflTeJIbHafl [B06paBnTeJIbHafl AeqTcJIbI{OCTIr,bg3HI'IKaruU{af IIo
r.rHr.rqr{arrrBe pe6eHKa. on r{cnoJrr,ilyeT [oJIyqeHHbIft na aanqtnRx
xyAolHecTBeHHbIfr OrIErr, nepeHocl{T ybBoeHHbIe 3HaIrI4fl' yMerrl4fft Ha-
BbIXIr, AeiicrByer B HoBblx Heo6bIrrHLIx ycJroBltflx'
Brutlroe
sHaqeHr{e caMocToflTeJrbHafl I{3O6pa3r4TeJlbrtafl AeflTeJIr'-
IrocTb rrMeeT trJrfl BOCIruTaHnfl rryBcTBa KoJTJTeRTI{Blr3Ma.flpn BbIITOJI-
HeHrln KOJrJreKTtrBHr,rxpa6oT (nerrHa oBoruefr AJIfl I4rpbr B (MaraSI{HD'
IIoAeJrKaeJIorIHbIxIIfpy[IeK'pr4cOBaIII{enoJII4TepaTypIIbIMIIpoI{3Be_
AeHI{flM AJIfl l{CIOJILSoB&HIIfi B KHI{}fiKaX-caMOAeJIKax' pa3pI'rcoBKa
ip""n"""tnnblrblx
6ranetor) neAaror BocllrrrblBaer y l1erefi Ao6po-
?I(eJIaTeJIbHoeOTH0IIIeHIIeKToBapIIqaM,yMeHIIeAoroBopl4TbcflMeE(Ay
co6ofr, cAeJIarI' pa6ory KaK MolnHo ryqrrre'
Bne aanflTllfi nbrssngrcTcfl r4HTepecbrAeTefi. onn cH.irounbl K O[pe-
AeJreHHoMy Bl4Ay AetrreJrbHOCTI',t'K ilIO6t{MOit TeMarI4Ke'
tr4crO.IUflKON{AeTCKOfi CaMOcTotITeJIbHOiiAeflTeJIrIIoCTII EBJIflIOTCfl
B[eqaTJreHrLH OT BOCIprrflTnfl or(py)Kaloil{eft AeftctnraTeJILHOCTI4.06
eToM CBrrAereJrr,crtsyror pa6oTr,r (puconaune, JIeIIKa, a[IIJII4Kaqut{) no
SaMbIcJly' B KOTopLrx I{eTII BLIpaE(arcT cBOl{ [peACTaBJleHnfl' I4HTepe-
CbI, CTpeMJIeHIIfl' IIpO.sBJIflIOTpaAJII[qHLIe rIyBcTBa'
I4CHyCcrnO Tafi?fie tIBJIfleTcfl 1{6TOqIII4ROMCaMoCToflTeJIbIIoI4 I{3O-
6paararenonofi AenrerbHocrr{. Paa;ru.ilil ,re BItAbI r4cKyccrna (uao6pa-
Sr4TeJrbl{oe,MySbrKa, JrnTepaTypa) o6ora[1aroT AeTeft BIIeI{aTJIeHI'LEMA.
flocerlenr.ln TeaTpa, firrHo, qr4pna, [pocMoTp TeJIeBI43I4OIIHbIXilepe-
nu"
""o"oOcrBy;r
co'AaHrrro pe6eHxort BblpaaI,IreJrbHblx o6paaoo-
B caMocroflTeJIbHofi nao6paaureJlbHoii AeflTeJIblrocrn y [erefi
BoSHItKaeT}I{eIaHIteHapI{coBaTI''cJIeIIIITbI{JII{cAeJIaTI}I,IrpyilIKyB
260
loAapoH MaMe, BocIII4TaTC"rIt,Irllrl(1,
l'otrap14tlly) ItocJtaT[,cB(_]npIIcyHKI4
pe6enny, ItoropHr; HaxoAtrrcn 4uva, aa6ri.lr(r.rt;c,L(eJrarblolapox lIJIr,r
qro-ro r4HTepecuoe, Harrprrlrep A.rrn lrt'rt,i .i N4irarilrei,irpvrrutr. I4Hor4a
Aerr4 AeJraruT yr{parueHrlfl n ilpasAHt{uv AJrrr cRoeii rpy[ItroB0fi HoM-
rraTbr, BecTv6totn, SaJra; roToBrrT t7oca6ufl, ueo6xoAr.{Nrjrle /I.rrfl 3arrtr-
Tafi B rpyrrne: MareprraJr Arfl caiera, Hopo6ovrtrr AJrrr KalJaHAarlreit,
noAcraBHt,r g,'rR xnc'rt,ii 14r.A.
,{ern Moryr aar4uTepecoBarbol HoBr,rMr{ ni)oAMeraMn, Horopbre
rloflBrrJrr{cr, B rpynne rrJr-r4y nx ruBapltr1eii, :rapuconal.b t{x, tsr,rreilltrb,
cAeJIaTr, a[rlJrr4Harlr{rr.
MaIlra npnlt.tta n 4ercxrrii caA l notsLrx rJapcli{Hilx On:r rrortatara !tx l(er.rM u
cr{a3aJra, qro :lro 6a6ynxa li'r csr{:la.ra tlupr;i ur- ' xorr}I}oo rJp(}}rr{Oaua, IJnrra lr
JIeta nonpocuttu 6yr'lat.y rr HaplrcoaaJln raHfie r{cr r,,,lpt,imnn,riax .y Mauu.
Brre aaugtr.rii y 4ereii Moiu{eruoaorrxr{yrr, }t{oilarrt{enoyupa}fiHnrr,-
cf B yMcHr4flx, HatsblKax,r{oTop},t0orrn rroJryqfi.rrrrHa 3aHrlTl4rrx,
Safiperrr4Tlnx.
,
,(eru ctapureii
rpytttlbl cAeJIaJrIt HllacuBrJl{ noBl}14r{ /(.ul rty}ro.ilLrruii xoruuarrr.
Cgaqalla ofln caMocrofiTeJILHo yrrpah-lrti,' . rch B npoBoAeEfifl uJ)tlMirrx r.r BoJrulrorbrx
.n n nufi, aanutfioB r.r Apyrnx aJreMet{TUBvBopa, a sar,LrM irpr,rAyManil J/3(rp.
Ognraru ua rro6tlMr,rx Br{AoB caMocror{TeJrr,rrori !,elreJrbuoc.rr4 Ae-
Tefi flnil-flercfl pr4coBanr.re. B ocnoBe coAep?i{aHrrfl pt{cyHnoB - orpa-
x(eHr{e oKpyE{aroqero. TaH, Aerrrl ?r(r{BVUIrreHa Cencpe' pncyroT ro,
qro IrM oco6eHHo 6.nraaHo: oJrerilr, qyMbr, ceBelpHoe cflflHr4e. Ftporue
roro, oHrr rracro pr{cyror MocnBy, Hpeu.rrr,, itpacHyI() Ilrorlalb. Aerr4,
lKr{Byrque B eBlloleficfiofi qacru CclsercHclro Corrla, n Cpe4neii Aamw,
pucyrcT rop6l, Jreca, pcxrrr rrecnll, [ycrbrHrr, Bep6JrroAoB r{ r.A.
flonomuo Brl&rrr4TeJrr,rroeMccro BarrnMaer pucoBaHrlc rro Jrr4Teparyp-
HbIM nponSBeAerln-sM r{ AeKopalr{rJrloe. fJeeouHll c vAOBOJrbcTtst{eM
pr4cyroT Brre sarrflTr4riyaopsr Ha KoBpultax, F(ocblHr{ax,paoKpanllrBaroT
nJlaTr,fl AJIfl ltyltoJr. R no4ro'rosn're;rln0fr r( ulKorrc l'pytrrre Ha6JrroAa-
eTcg r4 pr4coBaHr{e c HaTypbr (r1nerr,r, Ba3r,r c rIBeTaMu, fiyBrurlHbr).
fiena pucyror Aer{opaqrr}I K r{rpaM-/lpaMar[BarlurrM no oKai]KaM (Ko-
ro6onD, <TepcnroH>, (Marrra r{ Me/IBeAb))14Ap. , oo a/Iaror Acr{oparrrB-
rrble yHpa[eHufl AJrn ooopMJreHur] f p.yr ttoBr,rx r{oMrra'r' r{ SaJra }t
npasAnnKaM; AeJIaroTprlcyHnn AJrrr reHetsoro rcilrpa (rynrr,, qepHaa
ryamb). Ocnosnr,re MaTepuar6r, r4c[o,rrr,i]V0Mr,roR ptrcoBaH[r{: KapaH-
Aarurr, HpacHrI - ryaltrb, aKBapeJIb,a TaHx{e L{BerHbrcM(}.rTKil,[acTeJIb,
yroJrr,.
B cno6o4no€ BpeMfl Aerr{ Jrru6r{T Jrr}rrrrrb. Ouu "rreutrr JrrcAefi,
?ttrlBorr{brx, ilocyAy, cnaaoqnbrx rrepconanrt'ii.
Bonsruoe Mecro 3anlrMaer KoJrJrcnTr{Brrar Jreuna. ftern o6're4lt-
HfIOTCfl HC6OJILilII4MT4rpyErraMlt AJtt{ Coil.qaj{r{rrTeMaTrlr{ec}tllx }toMIIo-
al4ql4fi: t[e4 Maaari n aaiiqr,r>. <t{arin;rii c,epBxa)) n r{p.
'
,{erlr BbIpeBbIBarcT lI HaKJIeuBaxlr rcor\,rerllrrarecriue rplrrypu 14pac-
TI4TeJIbHrte aJleMenTbr: cHclI{I{rrrtu, rr.llarln ;1"rtn 6ylrainHr,rx Kyr(o"il,
caJliperHu r4 'r.8 . Mor-tr Bbllro.rlfrrirr, or14 l.r r{o.rrircnTr,rBuhreaflrrJrr{l{a-
qI4LI: KOBep AJLfl I(yI{OJrbHoro Vr'o,rrr{ir,/\('r{Oparlllrr lulfl r4r'p-ApaMaTr{-
261

Baru4fi r4 Ap. 14nrepecnr't KoJIJIeKTI'IBHbre KoMfloal{III4I{: <floea4>,
<V.nraqur ropoAa), <,(eru raHqylor Ha IIpaBAHUHe))lI Ap.
B HoncrpynpoBaHl{I,I IdcrloJlbayercfl KpyrIHbIfi n uenHnit crpora-
renlnrrfi MareprlaJl, I{3 Horoporo [eru crporr IIoMa' rapax(rr' [apo-
xoAbr; ua 6ynnaru OHLI Macrepflr l4rpylrrKl'r AJIfl eJrHI4' caMoJIerbl'
ropa6nr.rHra.
flnn nogerox I{cnoJlbayrorc.E ranx(e npI4poAHbIe MarepI{aJlbr - eJIo-
Bbte rr cocHoBLIe iltI4IIIHr{,6epecra II T.A. B coqeTaHIII{ c nJIa6TI{JIIIH9M'
CIII4qKAMI4.
Ocenrro rra paBHoIIBerHbIx JII4crbeB Aerlr AeJlarcT illaloqxl4' rt,rp-
.trnnflr. lla Cocnosorl noprr u naJroqeft MaCTepflT Jloloqftrr, [apoxo-
AIIKII I4 T. A,
Bne aangrnfr 4etn paccMarpl{Balor I{JlJIIocrpaII[[I B KHIrlax' or-
Kpr,rrKI{, penpoAyxql4u, als6olrrr c Kaprl{Hnaun. 3to crtoco6crnyer
pa3BI{Tr4rO xyAo}fiecTBeHHo1.O BoC11pIIflTLItI.Attq COBeprileHcTBOBaHI{fl
rryBCTBa {Opurt, qBeTa Ilc[oJILByIor paBfluCHbIe AI{AaHTI{qCCKIIe I{rpbl
('<tlro 6irsaer raxoto IIBera), <Hane'rarafi Ir pacnpacb>, <flo46eplr
n() qBery ra no Qoprrae>).
CaMoctoqireninoit xyAo?r(ecrBennofi 4eateJIbHocrr,Io 4etI'r 6olr'-
r1eft qacrulO BaIII4MarcTCttB IIOMeilIeHraLr.OgnaHo uao6paaurellnaX
Ag.HTSJIbHoCTbMoXteT pa3BepTbIBaTI'ctl u Ha BoBAyxe. 31O nr'tHla4,Lt-
BaHr4e MOAaIIKII I4B KepaMI{qeCKOfi IIJII4TKI'I, pIlCoBaHI4e Ha aCQaJIbTe
cKyJIbIITypbIIISclloracI4OIIOJII'SOBaHIIeMIlBeTHoroJIbAaAJIflyKpa_
IIIEHItfl.
B CaNlCrCTOsreJIbHOIiAeffTeJrbHoCTl{ qagTo BOBIIIIKagT cBfl3b Me}I(Ay
prrgoBarlrreM, JIe116gfi, anIIJII4r1aUl4eti, fgncrpylrpoBaHl{e
I, Me}I{Ay I{3O-
6paalrrelfnofi
r4 ApyruM14 BIIAaMU AgflTeJIbHocTIl (MyBI'IKa;1I'HoI'I'
rearparrbHo-r4rpoBorl,JrrreparypHofi) . l{eru pr4cyrorcr{Jryarlrlrepco-
Ha1{eii AJrfl TeHeBorq TeaTpa, caMpl MaCTepflT e,'IeMeHThIl{oCTp;MOBK
ApaMaTr{3aIlI4It cl(a3ol(, COSAaOTAeKopaqlll{ It Ky}toJlbIILrM cIIeKTaK-
nrrl{. pra
AeflteJlbllocrb Mo}fieT 6brtb csRaaHa fi c TBopqecuoli poJleBofr
r4rpofi. Hanplrruep. .(cra coopy}rtaroT r43 KpyrrHoro crpol{reJIbHoIO
MareplraJra pasJllrrlHble flocrpofiKl'I (XOpa6lr, KoJlxosEafl Qepua, aoo-
rrapK, MarasuH), reflflr {pyHtrt AJIfl'I4rpLI B (MaraslrH)'
..
ocyrqecrnnflercfl
TecHafl cBEsb Meir(Ay us06pasr4TeJrbHoit I{ JII{Te-
paTypHoii AenreJrbirocTbro. HaIIprrMep, mlrpot{o [paKrr.{KyeTctr pllco-
BaHtre Ha AJrr.rHHOft6yruaxurofi JreHTe ?IIrrsoAoB JrrrreparypHblx Ilpo-
IrSBeAeHrIftAJIfl AeTcKoro caMocToflTeJlI'HOtoHI',IHOaII11apaTa.
BoCllrrarenlO neo6xoAr.rMo Ha6JIIOAaTb 3a caMOcToflTeJILHOI{ I43o-
6paaurelsnofi AeflTeIbHOcTbIO t{ BI{AeTb OCO6OHH9CTnee lIpoRBJIeHHfl
y orAerbHllx Aerel4.
-
gacro 6rrsaror cJrylran, KorAa y /Iereii Her yoroffr{l4Boro r4HTepe-
ca, AeflTeJIbHOCTbIreIleJIeHarlpaBJIeHHafl, TeMIr pa6orbl HepoBHhrfi,
262
Aer{crBr4fl orJrr4qarorcq noApa}r{areJtb}roorr,rc, nao6paaareJrbHr,reHaBbr-
HU rr yMeHI{fl HaxoAtrTcfl Ha HIISKOMypoBrle.
flpnneqeu rp14Mcpl,l
Murua (5 rer ) rrogorle,r K croJry, rAe J'lexraJru HOlr(Hlrqbr u 6yuara,
B3trJr B
pyKIt Hot+(H14qr,rH oraJr peaars 6ymary, r{BpeaaJt Jrncr Ha MeJrRrre Hycoqr(u, BareM
ocraBrrJt aro BaHrrr14o, rrrlperuoJr r{ /(pyf oM y croJry, rAe relttaJIrr ny6uxu.
Harn (6.rer
8 uec.) 6epor xouox rJlHHr,r, AJrrrreJrbHoe BpeM.s MHer ce, He
rrprlAaBaff uuxaxoi.i tpopnu.
H ognouy I4a croJloB, f,rlc Jrolr{aJru Ho}r(Hr{rlbl u 6yuara, rroAollrJla rpylna
gercii.
f]enouxa craJra Bhtpeaa'nb flJrarbnr(e l(Jrn fiaproHHofi Qurypxu, rpoe 4erefi B Toqe-
nue 5 unH cMorpe!'rr{ la Hoe, roroM TO}r(e Baslrl Hor{Hflrlbt Ir craJrr4 Bbrpeaarb
TaKrre x(e ["IaTbs.
Henoropr,re gern coBHareJrbHo rlepeHocrrT B caMOoToflTeJrbHyro
AefTeJrbHOcTbTeMaTt{Ky SaAaHr{fi, clloco6br r{x Br,IIroJrHeHrIfl,RoTopble
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