The Kodansha
Kanji
Learner’s
Dictionary
Editor in Chief
Jack Halpern
KODANSHA INTERNATIONAL
Tokyo • New York • London
To All Learners of Japanese
£x o a
The Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary is based on the New Japanese-English Character
Dictionary, copyright © Jack Halpern, published by Kenkyusha Limited in 1990
(available outside Japan from NTC).
Publication was assisted by a grant from the Japan Foundation.
Distributed in the United States by Kodansha America, Inc., and in the United Kingdom
and continental Europe by Kodansha Europe Ltd.
Published by Kodansha International Ltd., 17-14 Otowa 1-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
112-8652, and Kodansha America, Inc.
Copyright © 1999 by Jack Halpern.
Kanji Dictionary Publishing Society
1-3-502 3-chome Niiza, Niiza-shi, Saitama 352-0006, Japan
World Wide Web: www.kanji.org
All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.
ISBN 978-4-7700-2855-6
IMPORTANT NOTICE: The utilization of the System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns (SKIP)
in any form is strictly forbidden without the written permission of the copyright owner.
First Edition, 1999
New Edition, 2001
15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
www.kodansha-intl.com
CONTENTS
§ ;л
Preface...............................................9a
STS..................................................10a
Foreword.............................................11a
................................................13a
Acknowledgments......................................15a
Ж8?..................................................16a
Introduction ........................................17a
ffSt.................................................21a
Features of This Dictionary..........................25a
Explanatory Chart....................................31a
Guide to the Dictionary .............................35a
Л0У
Abbreviations and Symbols............................45a
Kanji Learner's Dictionary.............................1
5a
APPENDIXES
1.	System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns................ 873
2.	How to Count Strokes ............................... 895
3.	Капа and Romanization............................... 900
4.	Important Variants.................................. 906
5.	Characters Ranked by Frequency...................... 910
INDEXES ^31
On-Kun Index............................................ 929
Radical Index
How to Use the Radical Index....................... 958
Quick Reference Radical Chart...................... 961
Radical Index...................................... 966
Pattern Index
How to Use the Pattern Index....................... 982
Pattern Index...................................... 984
6a
EDITORIAL STAFF
Editor in Chief
Jack Halpern
Editorial Consultants
Kusuo Hitomi
OSAMU MlZUTANI
Ohki Hayashi
Agnes M. Niyekawa
Research Fellow, Institute of Modern Culture,
Showa Women's University
President, Showa Women's University
President, Society for Teaching Japanese as a Foreign Language
former Director General, The National Language Research Institute
former Director General, The National Language Research Institute
former President, Society for Teaching Japanese as a Foreign Language
Professor Emeritus of Japanese, University of Hawaii
former Chairman, Department of East Asian Languages, University
of Hawaii
Professor, Monash University
Assistant Professor, Purdue University
Vice President, Showa Women's University
Professor, Showa Women's University
Vice President, Showa Women's University
Professor, Showa Women's University
Professor, Showa Women's University
Manager, CJKV Type Development, Adobe Systems, Inc.
Director, Association for Japanese-Language Teaching
Researcher, Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California
Honorary Professor, Keio University
Director, Asia-Euro Linguistic Institute
Professor, Showa Women's University
Professor, Showa Women's University
Associate Editors
James Breen
Atsushi Fukada
Chikasada Harada
Yoshihiko Ikegami
Chosei Kabira
Tomoko Kaneko
Toru Kojima
Ken Lunde
Shigeko Miyazaki
Craig Milo Rogers
Takao Suzuki
Takeo Suzuki
Hajime Takamizawa
Shigehiko Toyama
Chief of Software Development
Jouni Kerman	Research Fellow, Showa Women's University
Programmers
Jeffrey Friedl, Shoichi Fujita, Kiyoshi Hinosawa, Koki Kondo
Editorial Consultants for the Original Work*
Kusuo Hitomi
Eleanor H. Jorden
Masaaki Nomura
Akiyasu Todo
President, Showa Women's University
Professor/Distinguished Fellow, Johns Hopkins University and
Mary Donlon Alger Professor of Linguistics, Cornell University
Professor of Japanese, Center for Japanese Language, Waseda University
former Professor of Chinese Literature, University of Tokyo
and Waseda University
* The affiliations are as they were at the time the New Japanese-English Character Dictionary was published in 1990.
7a
4
К
«К
Б
ЯП
И
ж
я
-К
rb
4
Sn
v *
* SIS
4 4 4 <K SB ijn
* <841£ <K « Щ
* <84 «К & th #i «
th th £ £ * th
•K * ffi SIS ® th -K
lb ® В В № -к
405 IK -M b- v
gh-ИВшс-
Э ш g IK IK -
IK
ЙЁ
«К
th
Л Ж
г\ к ЭЙ
> sk|«sk
___	^®рь§а^1Жй<
ththth^^g^th®®^,.'
th th th th г th □ th th th th th *
-K-K-K-K^-KT-K-K-K-K^®^
tbfMhbA®lA'b'bfb''M'
ei i=t a a >,t ирл a □ □
VK- 44r VK- VK- Sj r,\ Ж- vk- YR-
Ж®
*<
•WF •WJ’
ig ig «И
"I
4S Г'
I Г1 -И Гч
г| А Ш
1К -Ь <£ -R
К ф В ffi
£-f\	&< 1
®
W W AS
$0 PR
A ffi SE *
.b-tnSKlbth
Г) th ® ш th
К -K th th -K
к -К к tb
,\ ih К ffl «
ml
Ж8ё®
IK mh Э
>br <в
ig >
?S ф	-к
inK’W BK «	#
TU	r>
US IMS “ +K bl M ±i 4	5 Ib 5
Об£г№£Ойу18у
oiiii;-4ibBhi«4:-K--K-iiKafflffl н S A
IKK £ Ф = €• Ж 8S ЮЕ £ № & A M <<
MS-iWi	Z>WT$nfel99O^^BeOt0T^-S><
PREFACE
The Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary is derived from the New Japanese-
English Character Dictionary published in 1990, which has enjoyed a good
reputation in Japanese language education circles, both in Japan and overseas.
This new work aims to meet the needs that many learners and teachers have
for a new edition that is more portable and more concise.
Like its parent work, this dictionary offers such advantages as emphasizing
the importance of thoroughly understanding the meanings of kanji, helps the
reader locate entries rapidly, and offers various features whose goal is to help
beginners and intermediate level students truly enjoy the process of learning
kanji.
The Kanji Dictionary Publishing Society was established in 1993 as a part of
Showa Women's University. The aim of the Society is to provide Japanese
language learners with useful learning materials that will meet their special
needs. The publication of this dictionary follows in the wake of the Electronic
Book Edition of the New Japanese-English Character Dictionary published in
1995, also compiled under the auspices of the Society.
On this day, it is a great pleasure for me to present this dictionary to the world.
As the president of the Kanji Dictionary Publishing Society, I would like to
express my heartfelt appreciation to the distinguished scholars and many
other individuals and organizations without whose generous assistance this
dictionary would not have seen the light of day.
Our Society stands ready to continue our work of compiling dictionaries and
learning materials that are truly useful to non-Japanese learners aspiring to
master the Japanese language. It is my sincere hope that through these activi-
ties we will help other nations better communicate with Japan, as well as serve
as a bridge in promoting mutual understanding and cultural exchange.
January 1999	Kusuo Hitomi
Tokyo	President, Showa Women's University
President, Kanji Dictionary Publishing Society
9a
&^W3O<^M1990^ff)&^<hU IW«K»
г J; iQ^tt^Sn, £	&^£Ш#0
ЖгЖЛб’ЬОТ^^о
ФФ^Дй. ^o^oWSWteM&S^U
м<04ед^^йж<глй.
ю. жи<ЖЖ£^ЗФ5йЖ*йхЖ£^б1>ти£о
1993 Ф Й ЛлЖЙТ'Нт х? ЙДр! ^П У А АФ Л Й йхЛ£ Ф Ф-Zx о ФА
й, НФВ^#4е<ОИйй:СЛс<Д^Й®та^Ж^1й:Й
о жж ф ф $ а ео г ьх4з о. фжя йзоз^яж^ у у у ж
(1995*₽№)Й51	О ШФйОТ&Зо
фв, фзд©±^$^^ь<в5флй,
ДФ L-G Г£Ш -ШЛ < £$-Э	• в#Ш
Й£Ж<Я^ФЬ±И%о ^ПВ0ШЛМЬйФ»йВ®S
ФйШ^^Т^б^о
ФТ1Ят£й\ ^Ф^ВФв§Ш#££ТПИА^Ж#йЖй^5£
^шшяифвфф
0^#©-йфй!9. ^^ш^яш?£гтаЕйЖ0®йЖФ
^^Ф^-эТФ^ЙНо
¥й£11^1Л
жж
Л Я Й! Й₽
0№ЖЖА^Д
ёВААДФИтАФФ:
10а
FOREWORD
A Japanese newspaper page may appear overwhelmingly filled with complex characters, making
it seem as if learning to read Japanese is a formidable task requiring many years of patience and
perseverance. With the publication of the New Japanese-English Character Dictionary in 1990,
and now The Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary for beginning and intermediate learners, kanji
can be learned more effectively than ever before.
It will help you to know something about Jack Halpern, the compiler of these works, to appreci-
ate them. Born in Germany, and having lived in Brazil, the U.S., Israel and other countries, he has
acquired many languages from exposure to their native settings, as well as through constant
study. His interest in Japanese was kindled while he was living in a kibbutz in 1968. A Japanese
friend showed him the kanji Ж, meaning “tree,” then another with two trees ($<), meaning
“grove,” and yet another consisting of three trees (Ш), meaning “forest.” He was so fascinated by
this that he immediately began studying kanji enthusiastically, and five years later he came to
Japan.
He had to struggle to learn kanji using traditional methods based on rote memorization. Memo-
rizing the strokes and meanings of several thousand kanji is not easy, even for brilliant polyglots
like him. It was through his own experience of frustration using traditional dictionaries that he
conceived of a better way to classify and analyze kanji, a way that can be easily used by the com-
plete novice.
The classification system, called SKIP, is based on the recognition of patterns. This is one of the
outstanding features of the dictionary. It enables one to look up kanji quickly, much like in al-
phabetical dictionaries, and does not require familiarity with radicals. Another outstanding
feature is that the essential meaning of each kanji is given by a concise keyword, or core meaning,
presented in red and repeated in red within the character meanings, which are reinforced by
many high-frequency compounds.
Kanji may be likened to Greek and Latin roots, which are often used in English to coin technical
terms. For instance, telephone comes from the Greek tele meaning “far,” combined with phone,
meaning “sound, voice.” Unlike English words derived from Greek and Latin roots, which are
limited in scope, in Japanese the majority of concepts are represented by words formed from
compounds of two or more kanji.
Whereas most kanji dictionaries list the compounds that start with the kanji in question, this
dictionary lists frequent compounds with the entry character in other positions, especially when
this helps the learner to get a better understanding of the character's meaning. For example,
under “speak; story,” most dictionaries list only four or five rarely used compounds, but leave
out the compounds with IS in the second position, such as (‘electricity’ + ‘speak’)
“telephone” and (‘true’ + ‘story’) “true story.”
Another useful feature of this dictionary is that the compounds are classified by meaning, which
enables the user to easily grasp the meaning of each kanji within a compound; that is, it makes it
c ear h°w the kanji “roots” are combined to form compounds.
11a
The study of kanji can be truly fascinating. You will find it exciting to be able to guess the mean-
ing of a compound from its components. Once you become aware of how effective kanji are in
conveying meanings and in forming compounds, you will, most likely, become an enthusiastic
learner. You will soon discover that a text containing many kanji is much easier to read than one
that uses fewer kanji. In fact, you will come to prefer kanji words to katakana loanwords, which
are often long and difficult to understand.
This dictionary lets you discover the joys of studying kanji, and lets you do so in a truly user-
friendly way. The beginning student will not only find it easy to look up kanji and compounds,
but will also find the dictionary to be a great aid in learning Japanese, since its primary aim is to
help you gain an in-depth understanding of kanji.
As one who struggled with Japanese as a second language, and who was engaged in teaching
Japanese as a foreign language for twenty years, I can personally vouch for the excellent quality of
the New Japanese-English Character Dictionary (NJECD), the original work upon which this
dictionary is based. Not only have I recommended it to my students, but I myself used it as a
teaching aid, and I consider it my lifelong companion.
Only someone like Jack Halpern, who learned seven languages before Japanese, and has since
added five other languages, could have conceived of such an extraordinary dictionary that is
ideally suited to learners. Like many others, I often thought, “I wish there were a dictionary that
would ...”, and hoped that some day, someone would produce such an ideal work. Jack Halpern
did not waste his time daydreaming, but embarked upon the project within a year of his arrival in
Japan.
Despite the lack of funds and the many difficulties that seemed insurmountable at times, the
NJECD was brought to completion after sixteen long years. It required the assistance of a devoted
staff, input from various experts in wide-ranging fields, and raising funds that totaled more than
one and a half million U.S. dollars. Most of all, it required the dedication, perseverance and
unshaken faith in the cause of the project, particularly when the going got rough, as it often did.
We, the users, owe our gratitude to all those who contributed to bring these remarkable diction-
aries to the world.
January 1999
Honolulu
Agnes M. Niyekawa, Ph.D.
Professor Emeritus of Japanese, University of Hawaii
Former Chairman, Department of East Asian
Languages, University of Hawaii
12a
ЕЗ
6.	tTfe¥fc^^*V>
£ЖТЙ5^0®<!&1^ПЛ>.	Ш
tK+^^<iSjitKBIKtt3iJS¥»**^tH«K$nfc:i<hT. гт^ткйи®.
K*WT$3£ □ tfco t.
^nS0^M0fttt&SI¥TS±T. ^O«»®T&5#a«fcftl’S>Vrc&^T45< t
£l>£55. bX'XC^SH. У5>>Л-. ЖЯ> ^X?XJUfc£oa*45ifefefci&»&
да®^1сЯо-С^г®ЖЖ*#1’^^гдатй<, •Slz^CSjtfr.h
T,	ФУУТВбЬ
T0fcl968*₽^©r<tTfc-p;t. гЬ-ЬВФЛО^Лй^, teeej^-giSTSr^jtnd
?Ж^&—ЭЁ^ЕFgrovejSiciSTSgt^rttJКйО, Sfcfed— oWA-Strforestj
£0ggt±l>tiKtt5nfc®
-eoE^lcjlSBLzfc.
«ЁЖ0ЛЙ1Е(сЖ-5'<^т^^^й^Ъ.	®o
<к9й^Й^ЖЙЙ<&Ь'Г'&. »=Р1с>ЬКЛ<§|^0^И^«*&К®Г50»^йй
CETWofc.	»i£<
-ofskipj £оадпгя-д?£й,
4ШО—ЭЕЫИ5. rntJ;0. ШГ2Я1 £&<£&. ТЛ'Ут^у bSJ3WB0S?
• «hl^SgtWf&lMK 5I<	fed—S>O^BS6LV^tlzX, е-Й
^Й^-эа^йЗШ*, (Й^йФ-7-К. BPfe Гф,£.<1 КЛо-Ск^ПТИ*. Z.<J)
Ш <3 Ж	5ПТИ5 о
^SS^m. JidLfc®
Ш5<к<?т^е&ййГ501ст>fen-5. 0W1, telephone] «ГЙИз^И5
®ft0^U'>-vK©Bffi0telejt, Г^н, pJJ&®ftT5rphonej^'ffl.^-at>$nfcfe0
£. 5^>®^^и->^В§ОЙ18КЙ*'Г5^Ж18й^-0®ИКЯ'Эй^«>^. B*i§l’
&ХИ,	^-^«±©Ж-&®Йй'5й^йЛ^-р-СЙ^ёП6.
^*®?Ж^ЙТЙ,
Ttt, #1г^в££0^< Wt-50W£*^.hSfcn3«£Wi,
15Ш1г1Гэ®Д!1Яй0Ян^£1ёйЭДжйПги5. ^JAtfrgj tnd^lc^T, ±
*®8Шти. ^tL^nmns^s^Eg^E^^o^iffenri^^ifr. ГШ
13a
iT&SfcWSSWf©^*. ОЯ8Ш. s>£0, Ж^О
rggffij№h'0«fc5l;^^fc£nT®£8S&£jSLT05©a>aW&toS50T&5.
s?0¥Wfcimfc£m.
fcftft&ftASfc’S'S. Ж»0^гж^»0йй1гйт.
й^й'ПИ,	^L-V. 8t=fW<
?Ж¥О'>йИХЖ±1Э;ЬЖйМСЙ^ЖИ^г&®®<ЙЯГ«>7:г
5. tfLS, 7LftTWL^6W®£^iSJ;0t>, ?ii§©*^»SCASAS^o
*^да. M^&^wtK^s^ftic^six^o^. offfltmweus
So ?М^0®иМ(гйй-э^гй?*^Д0±®тгЬ§^6.
£»й*Я^6П5^ТГй<, В*i§&^<±T0<L'5£09fc££&S.
B^K&^WStLTffiH. i&r-HFm B*®£ftH®£LT»;tSttSld»t>
^T^fc^ELT, *^A0B8t^ofcSr3l«?:*0<«14lCS>V>Ttt. ай^йШЕГ
S5. fettS0^A$g^0^4tJSBTS0^*e-r. BbSMIUUm/:
#, ^&&;&0e£LT«A<feitfc0tS^-C0So
^0<отйхЕ-!гЯйё1ть
£<к5&Л4И?&£й'5г-?-. C5Lfc¥S££«fcT£©fcV^A£»®T£;t0Tifc
So ЙЙ®^<0Л>Е|в|Ш> &t>ot< rstlSftS'50'5^A^S>ofc‘bfc&J £®И. l>
^0Вй>Мй*й^5ЬЙсЯЙИй^Д21Ь<<ПП(±^1ЖоТИЙ:о	f'
®г11шей^£>ггй<,	гю^ик^фи^
тшлжат£&жлЕ£^й^©йВ(:&й'Г5.ггй<, +A*₽t>
ОД^Ж. 0«£^Й«^И^Яс£Я£о Stlttt, Х^-У70ЙК#Й9ЙС«!|£. Фв
£0ftJHcWSWHmfr60S!)B> 15O^*K)k£±®S»£0&ai&£Lfc.
e*S®SlC^.St>ntattt, McktOfcflK#. SB, ^LTilOrHaofWcjfcfTSffi
S^f&V ^в<h $ tlfco
З^ДФШЖй. sn6j£iaLfc^&Wc£0ffir©CW®LfcA«lc#L. ж
»0^«МБШч
¥Д11*₽1Я
zh/;wncT
ft JI I Jt ;I 7У?'Х
14a
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary was compiled over a period of about five years through
the enthusiastic cooperation of a devoted staff of kanji specialists under the guidance of the
Editorial Committee of the Kanji Dictionary Publishing Society (KDPS).
I wish to thank the various organizations and individuals that have made substantial contribu-
tions, without which the publication of this dictionary would not have been possible.
First and foremost, I wish to extend my heartfelt gratitude to KDPS President Professor Kusuo
Hitomi, President of Showa Women's University, whose personal support and unshaken faith in
the project have seen it through the most difficult times both financially and logistically.
Special recognition is due to the distinguished scholars belonging to the Editorial Committee
(listed on p. 7a), without whose contributions this dictionary would not have seen the light of
day, especially Professor Hajime Takamizawa, the renowned author of Business Japanese, who
has made valuable suggestions, and Professor Osamu Mizutani, President of the Society for
Teaching Japanese as a Foreign Language, for his advice and support.
I am deeply grateful to associate editors Professor James Breen of Monash University, compiler
of the Kanjidic and Edict electronic dictionary databases, and Craig Milo Rogers of USC's
Information Sciences Institute, for their generous contribution in critically proofreading the
explanatory matter, as well as for making many valuable suggestions.
I also want to express my gratitude to the team of programmers, including Jeffrey Friedl, Shoichi
Fujita, Kiyoshi Hinosawa and Koki Kondo, but most of all to Jouni Kerman, who came to Japan
from Finland at the invitation of KDPS president, for his invaluable contribution in developing
the sophisticated page composition system that made this dictionary a reality.
I also wish to thank the many others who have made substantial contributions, including but not
limited to: the KDPS editorial and clerical assistants, for the arduous tasks of proofreading and
double-checking against sources; Editorial Vice President Kazuichi Omura and Executive Editor
Michael Brase in charge of the project at Kodansha International; Satoshi Honda of Nippon
Hicom in charge of film production; Keiko Nishio, Chair of Association for Japanese-Language
Teaching, for her warm support; Asia-Euro Linguistic Institute Director Takeo Suzuki, for his
help in semantic analysis of new entries; Shoichi Yokoyama, Eric Long, Hiroyuki Sasahara of The
National Language Research Institute, and Hironari Nozaki of the Aichi University of Education,
for providing kanji frequency statistics; and KDPS technical consultant Ken Lunde of Adobe
Systems, a world authority on CJK information processing, for his inexhaustible assistance in
customizing our fonts and electronic publishing system.
Last but not least, I am deeply indebted to Showa Women's University, the Toyota Foundation,
and the Japan Foundation, for recognizing the import of this project and providing generous
financial assistance.
January 1999	Jack Halpern
Niiza-shi, Saitama	Editor in Chief
15a
Ж ft
Й5^<г В5ШЯ $^Г®Ж7ПА„
^•ft*S»^LXT$-9fc«^Zj:M«MWWaA®*^C^L, ЯЯ0Шй!)
£И. Г5Ь£й^«ШПН, *W№T5:tHWT<bfc.
t о t>it. mwm • ?ж^MfАлдаи^й каж^Фe> <d&
SH&JfflUtn., *ЖЖК^ГФЙАЙй5»г185^йт^(с<кП,
Х&оШЯПСйоТЪ, ^йЕСЖиЖ^^Х^АТТё-эЛс»
ЯЖ^Д$^®ТТ^о^««й^±^(8аЖ1г1Е®)1г|&ВУ081;®&ЖЪТ. г 5 Lfcft
Й^ОЛЙаАМЫгИ, Ф^ЙЙНОВ^Я^ггаЖ^оЛсТгЬд-З. #1С ^Business
Japanese!	ЖЖтЖ
ШЖ^ЖИЛс» £fc, H*S«(W^^fiTS>S7K^ft4lcJ®!)WtW5S&®V^c.
KanjidicRXEdict сЬВ^НХ.б'вХЙШХ— X7^— T-ASSSSAtfe-SAAAxA^vx
-AX- 7'U - >ft£, K.UW A U 7 AJI/A7 A^1iHEJ4^W3f ® A W X- M • DXv -
Г0£-£©ЖЖ®ДК13, £<да*ЖййЖ<т йШ«М£
£fc, Xx7U—7U-EUA ЙЙ^Ж ®Ш«-. ВКЖЖЙв&ЙО^ТЗХп
АОЫХ ®gM®JKft(XJUv>-2X^)tt, ЖЖ^Й
Шт££Ж0й1В1;АкО7^ >9>W>e>£BU »Ж/з:ШТЖ^®'7ХТД^^ЯЬХ
Ф^ЙоаЖ&йШсЬЛ:.
eg£M^&LTT2ofc^<0^fcfcOIT3« ж^яи^шжшл
>Х-А'>эХ;И±1с»Т*ЖЖ^ЙД LXT3ofcAW®-«®^S^^V
<x»l/-/И^-ШИД. 7УJl/Afms»ALfcВ*/WnAttA^Xt®*W-
ft, eg^<WXST$-3fcffl^B*i§^R.B^Offi«SftSWft, ®ЙПЯS©WJmf
0 LA7v77.-DMffiWRJfft8Tfe5^AS4ft, gr?Offiffl«(SX
-X$««LXT$-9feHiLHffiW^0f0®iJJS3-, IUA-O7X, ®Ж££й1Лг:Ж
Я»Ж*¥©8?«ЙЙ0ЙК, £вк, ВФ^'МЙЯдаЩ^ИЙЙТЙО,
fWr£S^j®raTtifeS, Tb'f'7XAAXtt®X>-A>7=4ft(B*£:/J4*tJ)^e«,
7^>bWfce^ffi^'7X-TA&AXX7X7.V5±T,
ДШгЯсо£й*.	«ftftS^W£S2W-ttXT2-2fcBaft
XTA¥, ЙШИМХН®£й8$1гЯи 3=v>!®ftfoic£SbbTo
ТйШЗЧЯ
й5ЭММтШ;:х
16a
INTRODUCTION
The Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary answers the urgent need for an
easy-to-use kanji dictionary, compact enough to be easily carried around,
yet detailed enough to satisfy the practical needs of the serious learner.
Its basic goal is to give the learner a thorough understanding of how kanji
are used in contemporary Japanese, by providing instant access to a wealth
of useful information on the meanings, readings, and compounds for the
most frequently used kanji.
A unique and valuable feature is the core meaning, a concise keyword that
defines the most dominant meaning of each character, which is followed by
in-depth meanings that clearly show how a few thousand basic building
blocks are combined to form countless compound words.
Clear, complete, and accurate character meanings, illustrated by numerous
compounds and examples, are grouped around the core meaning in a logi-
cally structured manner that allows them to be perceived as an integrated
unit. In addition, guidance is provided for distinguishing between easily
confused characters, such as homophones.
Another unique feature is the System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns (SKIP), a
system that enables the user to locate characters as quickly and as accu-
rately as in alphabetical dictionaries. Since the system can be learned in a
very short time and is easy to use, this dictionary is an extremely convenient
learning tool.
Modern linguistic theory has been effectively integrated with sophisticated
information technology to produce a powerful tool that can be used by
beginning and intermediate learners with equal ease. For the first time,
learners of Japanese have at their fingertips a wealth of information on kanji
that is linguistically accurate, easy to use, and carefully adapted to their
practical needs.
Thanks to these and other features, this is the most useful kanji-English
learner's dictionary ever compiled.
THE STUDY OF KANJI
The Japanese writing system is composed of
two phonetic syllabaries, called hiragana and
katakana, and thousands of Chinese charac-
ters, called kanji. Kanji have three basic prop-
erties: form, sound, and meaning. Many char-
acters are of complex shape, some having
more than twenty or even thirty strokes. Al-
most all characters may be pronounced ac-
cording to their Chinese derived on reading,
or one of several native Japanese kun readings,
and each reading may have numerous mean-
ings. Moreover, since many words are pro-
nounced the same but written differently
(homophones), the Japanese writing system is
complex and requires considerable effort to
learn.
17a
But the effort is well worthwhile. Kanji have
the ability to generate hundreds of thousands
of compound words from a basic stock of a
few thousand units. They form a network of
interrelated parts that function as an inte-
grated system, not as an arbitrary set of dis-
connected symbols. The few character dic-
tionaries presently available fail to address
systematically that most elusive, yet undoubt-
edly most important, aspect of kanji: their
meanings, especially their meanings as word-
building elements.
Although the number of Japanese language
students in the world has been rising at a rapid
pace, effective learning aids for truly mastering
kanji have not been available. Never before has
the need been so urgent for a kanji dictionary
that offers a systematic solution to the special
problems faced by the non-Japanese learner.
A NEW DICTIONARY APPROACH
The primary goal of The Kodansha Kanji
Learner's Dictionary (KALD) has been set
high: to create a practical tool that enables the
learner to gain an in-depth understanding of
the most frequently used kanji in contempo-
rary Japanese.
Based on a systematic approach and a firm
theoretical foundation, the new work has been
designed to meet in full the specific needs of
beginning and intermediate learners. We have
avoided the path of least resistance taken by
other works; that is, compiling lists of words
and presenting only superficial information
such as readings and radicals, while sidestep-
ping the difficult task of presenting accurate
character meanings.
This is the latest addition to the Kanji Inte-
grated Tools (KIT), a series of dictionaries and
learning aids for mastering the Japanese writ-
ing system. This dictionary is based on the
first installment of the series, the NTC/
Kenkyusha New Japanese-English Character
Dictionary (NJECD), which has already be-
come established as a standard reference work
and enjoys an excellent reputation among
scholars, educators, and learners of Japanese
throughout the world.
This dictionary incorporates most of the
features of its parent work, including core
meanings, detailed character meanings, stroke
order diagrams, cross-references to homo-
phones, numerous compounds and examples,
a speedy indexing system, and other features.
It also includes some new features, such as
core meanings for homophones, new entry
characters, the most recent frequency statistics
(July 1998), character codes, and color coding
to show relationships between senses.
To achieve these aims, this dictionary differs
from traditional kanji dictionaries in six im-
portant ways:
1.	Core meanings convey the most funda-
mental meaning of each character.
2.	In-depth character meanings are arranged
in a manner that shows how they are inter-
related.
3.	The compounds are classified by meaning
in a way that clearly shows how they are
formed from their constituents.
4.	The SKIP indexing system makes it easier
and faster to locate entry characters.
5.	The visually attractive design makes the
dictionary extremely user-friendly.
6.	The optimal balance has been achieved
between portability and comprehensive-
ness.
The one feature that clearly distinguishes this
dictionary—that puts it in a class of its own
among kanji dictionaries—is that it was care-
fully designed to strike the optimal balance
between two fundamentally conflicting needs:
portability and comprehensiveness.
On the one hand, it provides the learner with
immediate access to detailed information for
more than 99% of the kanji used in Japanese
newspapers; on the other hand, it is compact
18a
and light enough to be easily carried around in
one's handbag or briefcase.
These and other features distinguish this
dictionary as the most in-depth kanji learner's
dictionary ever compiled. This was achieved
by making full use of the most recent advances
in linguistic science, computational lexicogra-
phy, and electronic publishing technology.
COVERAGE
This dictionary offers a detailed treatment of
the meanings and functions of the most fre-
quently used kanji in present-day Japanese,
with particular emphasis on contemporary
usage and newspapers. It contains 2230 main
entry characters and approximately 41,000
senses for some 31,300 words, word elements,
and illustrative examples.
The entries include (1) the 1945 characters in
the official Joyo Kanji list, which are widely
used in the media and education, (2) the 285
characters in the official Jinmei Kanji list, used
in names, and (3) 578 cross-reference entries.
These cover more than 99% of the most fre-
quently used characters, which is adequate for
meeting the needs of the serious learner.
Our general approach in selecting compound
words has been to include the ones most
useful to the learner, based on the following
criteria:
1.	All compounds normally written in kanji
that are listed in Ten Thousand Graded
Japanese Words (^ТэВпВпЛ^ЖЖ),
published by Senmon Kyoiku Shuppan
and based on the widely used Japanese
Achievement Test.
2.	High-frequency compounds based on
statistics compiled by The National Lan-
guage Research Institute in the official sur-
vey A Study of Uses of Chinese Characters
in Modern Newspapers.
3.	Numerous other compounds useful to
intermediate and advanced learners, se-
lected on the basis of their ability to illus-
trate the entry character's meaning.
Character readings were selected on the basis
of the following criteria:
1.	All approved readings (those in the Joyo
Kanji list), and their derivatives when nec-
essary, have been included.
2.	Unapproved readings have, in principle,
been excluded, except on the occasions
when they are important to learners (e.g.
FUTSU). (Why such important readings
have been omitted from Joyo Kanji is a
mystery.)
3.	Common name readings (used exclusively
in proper names), as well as unapproved or
rare readings frequently used in names,
have been included.
In principle, the above criteria ensure that all
high-frequency words and word elements
important to the learner are covered. However,
to keep the dictionary from getting too bulky,
the following limitations were applied:
1. Only typical examples of the potentially
innumerable compounds formed by affixa-
tion (e.g. Й1ЕЙ koseizumi 'proofreading
completed' from ££1E + <W) are given,
since it is easy to infer their meanings.
2. Many nouns are turned into verbs by
adding T<6 suru, into adjectival nouns by
adding na, into adverbs by adding 13 ni,
and so on. The part of speech selected was
based on importance and on its ability to
illustrate the entry character's meaning.
This policy is sometimes misunderstood by
those who compare dictionaries on the basis
of the number of words included. Let there be
no misunderstanding: basically, this is a dic-
tionary of characters, rather than of words.
The primary emphasis has been on complete-
ness in terms of quality, rather than compre-
hensiveness in terms of quantity; that is, to
include compounds that directly contribute to
an understanding of character meaning.
19a
KANJI DICTIONARY
PUBLISHING SOCIETY
The New Japanese-English Character Diction-
ary (NJECD), first published in 1990, required
66 man-years to compile. Upon publication it
became a standard reference work for the
study of kanji, and has been warmly supported
by eminent Japanese language authorities
around the world. Many scholars pointed out
that the NJECD's many unique features could
be utilized to offer kanji learners and research-
ers a full range of learning tools tailored to
their needs. The NJECD thus became the first
step in a series of computer-edited dictionar-
ies and applications for the study of kanji,
known as the Kanji Integrated Tools (KIT).
To make KIT a reality, the Kanji Dictionary
Publishing Society (KDPS) was established in
late 1993 as a part of the Institute of Modern
Culture at Showa Women's University. The
Society, headed by Showa Women's Univer-
sity President Professor Kusuo Hitomi, is
directed by the Editorial Committee, which
includes Japanese language education special-
ists such as Professor Osamu Mizutani, the
President of the Society for Teaching Japanese
as a Foreign Language, and other eminent
Japanese language scholars. The Society is
funded by the University and other organiza-
tions, such as the Toyota Foundation.
These projects have also attracted the welcome
support of the Japanese government and
related agencies, including former Prime
Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone, The Japan
Foundation, the National Council on Educa-
tional Reform, The National Language Re-
search Institute, the Society for Teaching
Japanese as a Foreign Language, The National
Language Society of Japan, and the Associa-
tion for Japanese-Language Teaching.
KANJI INTEGRATED TOOLS
The data for KIT dictionaries is derived from
DESK, a comprehensive database that covers
every aspect of Chinese characters in Chinese,
Japanese, and Korean. The use of DESK and of
the latest computational lexicography tech-
niques ensures that all KIT dictionaries are
tightly integrated and of consistent quality.
KIT derivatives spread over a wide range,
including teaching and learning aids such as
learner's dictionaries, other language editions
such as kanji-German and kanji-Spanish
dictionaries, CAI/CAL courseware, electronic
dictionaries, and so on. To date, the following
dictionaries have been published:
1	New JapaneserEnglish Character Dictionary	Kenkyusha	1990	Japanese market edition
2.	New Japanese-English Character Dictionary	NTC	1993	International Edition
3	New Japanese-English Character Dictionary	Nichigai Associates	1995	Electronic Book Edition
4.	The Kodansha Kanji Learner’s Dictionary	Kodansha International	1999	Learner's Edition
In the next phase, various other dictionaries,
such as the pocket and German editions of this
dictionary, will be published, to be followed by
many other useful learning aids (see the KDPS
website at www.kanji.org for details).
Through our publishing and research activi-
ties, we aim to offer a comprehensive solution
to the diverse needs of learners, educators, and
researchers. We invite scholars around the
world to contribute to this ongoing effort.
20a
5t>0T*V.
Ж^ЖО±8ВЙ,	И&к MS
|сИГ5ЯЯТ»Жй1»»2®Шс&5П. lattB^KlcKItSig^O
ffl;££S£ Й ICSST^S X «hTfeS.
«©a gТWM&MSI* Гф-LiSj ъь IJ. «•3i^©« i> 4mW<j®
i*2tOfc£SSS)TSt>l/. ;*PTSS&3«£Stf-G $ФФ»Ф
6^i§S^0S*£t>i*(C<fcoTSS©MS#£0£9lc№U Ж2П-5
Z^grW ЬЙЧСГ-50Г®§.
^^±*OlM£*Slc£M©MSStfffl08£ttL, ^«ИФ-ЬЙ
£&<!: LT^SM icffijnj LT, -zxngfe#.E LXffigT#-5><fc5 Iclife
Lfc. ЙБ1С, IslBlHM^SOcfc^lC^A^Hifi^O^l'^ltlCOl'Tt)
«BiiLZL
*^*©15 -o®a §r^S5tfc*j£j (skip) t вдйгз&
^;ivabU, 7Л7т^'У ьжгийкдажжт. ЙЖСЯШи^й^
э1?Т£5.	£иа(Л±1СЙМН-С®$ГС£-5>©-<\
и. й Фж^£иъг'миш'Шё®1ижи^ B*e©mi:
^Й1ситйЙХ, BS^MCiE»TttHS<. ^^WXr^aiciBS
lc-grt>-ttfc3t¥1W®©$B$¥lcT-5T<t^T^50T'S>-5»
Ф-©(Й, *^М1С11Ш*йМйЙ**и.

B^SOSlM^kt r¥<K£jWrn-<K
=Sj г»?й'пзгдаяой^йзх?,
rs^j гошпз^фофне^дазт?^
е>ш^гпт1^. йя:й®-§-й©=
э0ж*йШ1Шй^. «W<ii«
И£й*20~30И£
й^Аго^ййФ
ВФ0#оГЭШ
Otts. u»fc,
й£й(й9111Ш1§)й^^&3£01;т в
*S0«S»S0T®ST, ^-rsiLli
йФ<£ 0 <£$5Л й*£'1( о
L^L, го^ли&Г^ьпзйотй
-5= Ж^»£^0ЖФййтЖ(£Ш
Г tfc ЛоТМЙОМЙй^ <3
ш#5й^тй2>= gmifflsma®*
•SE^^T^O, ЖйЙбИв/cCsB^®
«гфжйтйшч ггзумя^о^дс
a, s^o^S. ^йдёййгя-гьто^
stir's, ffiABW&H;wg®-cas&(w
21a
О ±М’Т0&И<ЬИ'5ЛЙй
В*1В¥^ШШЖ&®ТВЖЬТИ?>
гП£Т^£Жей?#Т££йей!|
&Й£1ШИйй>-э£. ЖНЛгов
Ж»^<#ЖГОЙ®Й&Й«ЮК«&’Г
5®^ЙЙ*, едЖ1’^®еПТ1>5ГОТ
$>£>„
®тШх=т
IIIKtt3m¥»3Wl, ie5HSli2W
fco EPfe, aRB*!§e^Tftfeffiffl®g
®ffit>M;?&?&ftea«T£5<k'5. ЖД
t£&® AfeilM^fl <Э ШТ Г tT&S.
*^Я(ШЖЙ^Йй^@йЗййШ
Sti^o, 1Я-Ф8т^«тг®£3
t Jfc Л 3 <£ 5 С Ш £ tlfc fe <ЭТ? & S о
Ш'-5£Л&£0, ЖК&Й'ЧТИ^ЙВ
<«ГО^®й9й1#ЙГО^Ж?0Г-5ги
5, Щ^ГО8?ДСЙ19й^йЙ^йШ^Йб
SrtfcilHljELfc.
Ж^ЛШ, В*В8ГОЖ|В<^&Ш#ТЗ£
ЙГО$ДФ^ЙЙТ<&53Г?Й£ЙЙ
(KiT)roOffFT&3., ±й*1Шгож-5£
T&S®®£^M(W^i±-NTCi±)li,
^5£ff®*SB*®^#«tLT. W&
B®¥#-^WM^<-^W^®MT^^
йВ¥В£&"С4зО. Ф^Яс’ЖФйЬ’СИ
-5»
Ф^ЙЙ> ^ГО1Ж^Т^«>Йг;Л^^ЯГО!|е
ДГО£<21й»исй<Э. Ф4Ж ИМЯй
^Й. »11И®, ^ШПЖЙЙ'хГО#^!!
@. >ЙГОЯШ-ЛШ, ййй1ГЯ£^&
гее, влижйвёгоф^
Й. Iffl^roiRfiL Й$Т(1998Ж7Я)ГО!Й
OEtK Х^з-В. ^вго^НМЭ^
SrU^fifeWr^
±1агов1Ж£1Я<;-гз£®, Ф^д&^го
e^ro^eiJTtE^rosrf^AtSfcs.
we,
1. Ф^йе.к-эТ. )Г?го®фй<)йЮ;
^a^Tts»
2. ЯЖЬЛ^ЙЙ*, ^ЙИГОЙЗЙЙЙ
з. ^wfcrteE^JsnTHSfc#,
^-год о *еи- а ш*т&з»
4.	г^®й^а(8К1Р)ел-эт,
й^аже^з^ггзо
5.	и^^'Кт^ьело-с.
й<#жеди.
6.	ййй£Ж«йй*15з.е®£ит0
^>о
Ф^де1ЖГО7Ж^де1я&11йниЯ!
^ПШ?»£ЙТ£*Й9
ейжт§--эго<м®, gpe^gttt^®
йго®#§15^е®йг-е--г>^<, я-^е
шжгп£,&т£>зо
ВРе, ®®TtefflSn-5g£?ro99%£U£
о0ТбШ«шэджей etis-^T,
йелпт^бе^е^#-5®ФЖ!-йж
Tfefes»
±ffi®ffiefe*^ Дйетнго#*№£,
О, ^ГО^Й£-Й£ИТ£«*>ЯЖЬ
гпа, вй^а
Й,	ЖФЖЖГОШШЙГ®
ЯЛРШгйд rs г t е £ о тд ь we
ti^feroTiiSo
22а

Ж?ОгШИ£;т}5Дйа;:ЖД&«и
T.	SW2230
^tR/u-C*O. $31,ЗОО01§-КЖ-ДЯ
I’ftLT, Я^-41,000®Ж^^1В»Ь^
®&a^tt(i)vx3 5^®wja«Ti£<
«ЖёПФЖДЭ1:Я945^, (2)A0«M
CffitonSA«ffl3l^285^. (3)ffl5#
,ВД§578^СЙЛ< ГП(г4;-э<Ж%>®
Я«Й®Я1^^99%£А±»ЗЯЗП.
IMS» Г^Э^К:йЫ£ЙоЪО&1|ШГ
sjTiaos
^Kfib-CJR^Lfc.
i.	&<ЯЖёПТИЗВ*Я§^Л-ГЛ Ь
cfiiffi $п5-лвк*»аж(^г^
wa^oms*©»*©^ -®йк
Srp-CSESns^lMS.
2.	jattsfinoai^dasaKW^Bifi®®)
®Й1Нг»7К$ЯШй0ЙИ£Мёо
з.	-ео^,
9, Я.ЖЬ^0^в&Ж<й^Г^
&©1г®.
ЙАЮШШТВВЮЖФК^оЛ:»
1.	ж^^Кй^«||©£тг£'®1’йх
ьлсо
2.	ЖД-Я^ЖЛЙМйОиьт^ЖЯ-
tl/fc. {BL^WtAoXBWZiK
%(№ : {Д FUT$u)lli|WLfc<, (fc-tf;:©
«к -5	«й^ЖП
ТИ^ЙЧЖ-РЙ-б» )
з.	-®Йй«Жи(*5@*«Я1СЙЬП
^n^St^JR^Lfc.
KWJtl/r, -hffioS^fcft'SJSilc.ko
T^W^lcg5i-s>BJg«® й  ВёЖйЭД»
£П-5№
TgS0<k5lc»JIKlzfc.
i. SiSKtOffl^t>-&tJ;o-Ci8®$n
ГКШ^йГйЖЛ-
2. £^0£<«rr&J&ШПЬТЮ^
с, гйз£шпьтяттк, n’j
Й&^№Т^ЙЕ«Я|та5ФЙ«ЙМСЙ8 6 L
rffiKSrjgftUt,
г©*а-а, 4Шй»:£оТ^Д£1±К
йли^гвяввь-сй-с ф^ДЙЙФЙ
(Сй©ййтйй<, Фда^йтаб-бо BP
%, ?«0Я$1гвй&йс>Ш§&Ф4>
dRSTS-tl’ctoT, *И^й1±скО
жз^ятт^
ЯгЗШ^ЙШбЖКЙ^ббА^ё^и
1990¥®ffl№^fT£A5l?. ЙВ¥®Й5Ж^
^w^etL-r. ш^ен0в*К0«
Шгза^ПТ^. ^1т«, ^<0^
Й^И¥ЙЙЙ0»*да^>£^^;£
йй'-Г^*йс\ <!:И5Й№-&6ПЛ:.
<	ЙПЗ,
п>е^-37 1с£о<Ш®£П£-В0Й
Д^ЗШ ® Ж-№ tAofeWTfeS.
23а
1993ft5kt©?n
И£й1Шп£ТЛ¥
B*!S$W¥
££Д0Ж^56£&1ЯйгТ5>£й В
адя0»1^«Ш£тт
5. Sfe. BS«kT±*XtXh3^Bta«
0ИЖ£ОЙ$£§1ГСИ5.
£;t, ±sa®&ayD^i^bt^L, ф
ai£3sats&. »
HitBi§W^RiT> BftH
НЙ^ШЙШЙ, ®ISB*ffi
В*ЙЙ&ГХЙП1ТЙ>6ЖИ
±g^WU6H)t«
ютоеа^ядф-^а, вф®ййк
т5Ж^&»бФзя«й^»гзг&
Й	X J (DESK)fc*
srso Ф^-^-хгж&даетжйв
¥03Ч£2ЙД-Г-5Г£1’£о-С KIT®
&?ЙЯВ£й^£1±£1йЖ0-Жйй«
ISKSti2>0TabS«
KITOBJSWi^iKlcH^'Cfc!?,
я. жж¥я-жн^я&тг:гзнн
ISS^M, СА1/САЬЗ-ЛФх7^Ш
^M^o&fcrs-ttro sasTicTE©
^ЙЙ*Жтё:ПТИ5.
1.		ffiJEti	1990ft	а*арэд
2.	«тЮТЯ	NTC	1993ft	а^й
3.	na$f*	В^ТУуХ-'У	1995ft	
4.	iii»±iw^ffft		1999ft	
^oi^iL-c. ф^й0^'>ьжфк
< "J №№ S Й й hT з&аю Я&3ё1т
(s¥lz<tt,
^ЯТ'ЛтжОФхУФ'Т bwww.kanji.org$
ЛЖФ©^
0»1K, itt5FSB0^<№4L-C<n
SCiSHI^LTlb^V^
24a
FEATURES OF THIS DICTIONARY
$ ? * © M
Below is a description of the principal features of this dictionary, with
emphasis on how they are useful to the learner. See the Introduction
on p. 17a for a discussion of dictionary aims. To derive maximum
benefit from the dictionary, consult also the Guide to the Dictionary on
p. 35a, which describes the entry format in detail and supplements the
information here.
1 LEARNER'S DICTIONARY
The primary aim of this dictionary is to serve
as an effective learner's dictionary, as a power-
ful learning aid that promotes understanding
and stimulates a desire to learn. It incorpo-
rates most of the features of its parent work,
the New Japanese-English Character Diction-
ary, as well as some new and unique features
that enable the learner to gain an in-depth,
systematic understanding of character mean-
ings. The most important of these are de-
scribed below.
1.1 Core Meaning
A striking feature of this dictionary is the
presentation of a core meaning for each entry
character. This is a concise keyword that
provides a clear grasp of the central or most
fundamental concept that links the principal
senses of a character into a single conceptual
unit.
Consider KEEP, one of the core meanings of
► KEEP
О cause to remain in a given place or condition:
0 [original meaning] keep in place, keep from
moving, keep in position
© keep in custody, detain
G keep for future use, leave behind
By grasping that the central concept repre-
sented by is keep, it is immediately clear
that such seemingly unrelated ideas as “pay
attention to” and “detain” are merely variants
of the same basic concept. The core meaning
thus integrates widely differing senses into a
single conceptual unit.
The core meaning is useful to the learner in
five ways:
1.	It serves as a concise keyword that conveys
the character's most fundamental meaning.
2.	It acts as the central pivot that links the
principal meanings of a character to each
other.
3.	It provides an instant grasp of the meaning
and function of the character as a word-
building element.
4.	It helps illustrate the differences and simi-
larities between kun homophones and eas-
ily confused characters.
5.	It is easy to memorize, since it conveys a
character's meaning as a concise thought
package.
A brief glance at the character meanings
makes the above relationships clear, thanks to
the use of red capitals both for the core
meanings and for the core words (words in a
character meaning that match a core meaning).
This is a new feature not found in any other
dictionary.
The core meaning is unique to the NJECD and
the Kanji Integrated Tools (KIT). Since it
functions as a concentrated thought package
that appeals to the learner's powers of asso-
25a
FEATURES
ciation, it is widely praised by students and
educators as an effective learning aid.
1.2	In-depth Meanings
A central feature of this dictionary is the in-
depth manner in which it treats meaning. Not
only are the character meanings clear, com-
plete, and accurate, but they include meanings
found only in KIT dictionaries.
The principal features that contribute to clar-
ity of meaning are:
1.	The core meaning.
2.	Clear and accurate character meanings.
3.	The ordering of senses in a manner that
shows their interrelatedness.
4.	Numerous illustrative compounds.
The precisely worded character meanings are
presented in a manner that shows exactly how
each character is used as a word element, and
how the hundreds of thousands of compound
words in Japanese can be generated from a
stock of a few thousand building blocks.
1.3	Interrelatedness
To provide the learner with a clear under-
standing of character meaning, the meanings
are presented in a manner that shows the
interrelatedness between individual senses.
Four features achieve this aim:
1.	The red core words make the relation
between senses instantly obvious.
2.	The senses are ordered in a manner that
shows their interrelatedness.
3.	The sense division numbers establish a
logical hierarchy between character senses.
4.	The explanatory glosses (e.g. “(of a vehi-
cle)”) show how the senses differ from one
another, while the supplementary glosses
(e.g. “—said esp. of God”) provide addi-
tional discrimination.
Together these features help integrate the
senses so that they can be perceived as a struc-
tured unit, rather than as an arbitrary list, as
shown on the right.
1.4	Order of Senses
Unlike traditional dictionaries, which usually
order senses chronologically, this dictionary
present the senses in a cogent order that
shows their interrelatedness. The core mean-
ing serves as the basis of organization, and the
various senses are grouped around it in clus-
ters so that they can be perceived as a logically
structured, psychologically integrated unit.
la, for example, has several distinct senses, but
they are clustered around the core word keep
in a way that shows their differences and
similarities, greatly reducing the burden of
memorization. If the senses were arranged as
shown in the left column below, they would
appear to be an arbitrary list, rather than as a
structured unit.
Arbitrary List
0 keep from moving
© detain
0 leave behind
Expansion from Core
KEEP in place
KEEP in custody
keep for future use
1.5	Degree of Importance
The degree of importance of each sense is
indicated by typographical differences and
labels for three levels of study (see p. 41a).
1.6	Compounds and Examples
The meanings of each character are normally
illustrated by numerous high-frequency com-
pounds that provide useful examples of each
sense. All the compounds needed for the
intermediate level, and numerous compounds
for the advanced level, are given.
Unlike other dictionaries, the compounds are
classified by meaning in a way that clearly
shows how they are formed from their con-
stituent parts, which makes it easy to infer the
meanings of unlisted compounds.
A new feature of this dictionary is the sub-
sense indicators, which are tiny letters that
FEATURES
26a
show the beginning of a new subsense group
in the compounds list. This makes it obvious
how the entry character contributes its mean-
ing to each compound.
2	READER'S DICTIONARY
The student learning how to read contempo-
rary Japanese faces several difficulties, such as
the need to identify more than 2000 characters,
many of which have complex shapes, as well as
the need to learn their thousands of readings
and meanings. Moreover, numerous charac-
ters have multiple readings and meanings, and
there is no reliable way to determine which
one applies in a particular instance.
In addition to being a learner's dictionary, this
dictionary also has been designed as a reader's
dictionary. The various features described
below enable the reader to locate the readings
and meanings of unknown characters and
compounds with little effort.
2.1	Efficient Indexing System
The lack of an efficient scheme for ordering
kanji has long been a source of frustration to
learners and native speakers alike. Looking up
characters by traditional radicals, or by most
alternative systems, is both laborious and
unreliable.
A major feature of this dictionary, unique to
KIT dictionaries, is the speed and facility with
which entries can be looked up. The System of
Kanji Indexing by Patterns (SKIP) classifies
each character under four easy-to-identify
geometrical patterns: D 1 left-right, В 2
up-down, D3 enclosure, and H4 solid.
Within each group the characters are further
subdivided to achieve maximum access speed.
Designed for efficiency and ease of use, SKIP
enables the user to locate entries as quickly
and as accurately as in alphabetical dictionar-
ies. Since the system can be learned by begin-
ners in a short time, many Japanese language
educators consider it an important advance in
kanji lexicography, and a growing number of
electronic dictionaries have implemented it as
part of their retrieval systems.
2.2	Five Lookup Methods
To assure maximum convenience to the user,
this dictionary provides a choice of five meth-
ods of looking up characters:
1.	The Pattern Index allows characters to be
quickly located from their SKIP numbers.
2.	The Scan Method is a shortcut for locating
some characters almost instantly.
3.	The On-Kun Index lists the characters
alphabetically by both their on and kun
readings.
4.	The Radical Index lists the characters by
their traditional radicals.
5.	The Direct Method allows characters to be
located without using any index.
2.3	System of Guides
The various guides in the margins of the page
have been carefully designed to facilitate the
speedy location of entry characters.
2.4	Character Readings
Seven kinds of readings are given: principal
readings, on readings, kun readings, special
readings, unapproved readings, other readings,
and name readings. The readings are given in
romanized transcription, with parentheses
indicating okurigana endings. Unapproved
readings are given only when they are suffi-
ciently important to learners.
2.5	Importance of Readings
The relative importance of readings is shown
by various typographical conventions, such as
distinguishing unapproved readings from
ordinary readings by a superscript solid trian-
gle ж, and preceding name readings with
2.6	Character Forms and Styles
This dictionary presents three kinds of charac-
ter forms and calligraphic styles, which were
methodically checked by experts to ensure
their accuracy. A much more detailed
27a
FEATURES
treatment is given in the NJECD.
1.	The standard form is the form given in the
official Joyo Kanji and Jinmei Kanji lists,
which are widely used in the media, gov-
ernment, and education. All entry charac-
ters are given in the standard form.
2.	The nonstandard form is the traditional
variant used in prewar literature and in
names. Appendix 4 lists 386 variant forms,
which includes important variants of Jin-
mei Kanji and all variants appearing in the
Joyo Kanji list.
3.	The square style kaisho), which is
the standard handwritten style, appears in
the last frame of the stroke order diagram.
2.7	Easily Confused Forms
Some characters, such as $1 he/ ‘currency’ and
he/ ‘evil practice’, are very similar in form
but unrelated in meaning. Some of these are so
similar that even native speakers tend to con-
fuse them. Such characters are cross-
referenced to each other in the NOTE section. A
new feature of this dictionary is that these
characters are followed by their core meanings,
which aids the learner in easily grasping their
differences.
2.8	Romanization
All character readings, headwords, and com-
pounds are transcribed in the Hepburn system
of romanization, set in easy-to-read sans serif
boldface type to distinguish them from other
explanatory matter. A description of the sys-
tem and капа tables are given in Appendix 3.
Капа and Romanization.
3	WRITER'S DICTIONARY
The student learning how to write Japanese
faces several difficulties, such as the large
number of characters and their complex
shapes, the need to learn the correct stroke
order, and the numerous homophones.
In addition to being a learner's dictionary, this
dictionary has also been designed as a writer's
dictionary. The features that make it a conven-
ient tool for writing are described below.
3.1	Stroke Order Diagrams
To write a character in the proper form, it is
necessary to learn the stroke order. The stroke
order diagrams, in which the last frame shows
the full character in the standard square style,
indicate the stroke order.
Thoroughly researched for accuracy, these
diagrams were prepared by experts specifically
for this dictionary and the NJECD. Unlike
other reference works, which rely heavily on
cross-referencing, the order of writing is pre-
sented stroke-by-stroke to ensure maximum
convenience to the user.
3.2	Kun Homophones
Japanese has numerous kun homophones.
These are kun words that are pronounced the
same but written differently, and usually
differing in meaning, as shown below.
noboru go up (steps, a hill)
^£<5 noboru climb, scale
Д <6 noboru ascend, rise (up to the sky)
Although on homophones, such as kiko
‘mechanism’ and Ш'Ж kiko ‘returning to the
harbor’, are very common, they are not likely
to be confused since each character conveys a
distinct meaning. On the other hand, many
kun homophones are written with a bewilder-
ing variety of characters that are often close in
meaning. For example, tokeru and
-6 tokeru are interchangeable in the sense of
‘melt, thaw’ but not in the sense of ‘come
loose’. Thus kun homophones are easily con-
fused, even by native speakers, and pose spe-
cial problems to the learner.
To help the learner overcome these problems,
the HOMOPHONES section lists groups of kun
homophones and their entry numbers. These
act as a network of cross-references for quickly
identifying and locating each member of a
group from any of the others.
FEATURES
28a
A new feature of this dictionary is that each
homophone cross-reference is followed by its
core meaning, which allows the user to imme-
diately identify their differences without con-
sulting the corresponding entry character.
By using the cross-references to compare the
meanings and compounds for each homo-
phone, the learner can grasp the often subtle
differences between them. These meanings,
which are derived from the usage notes of the
NJECD, are based on several years of research
as part of the first full-scale analysis of kun
homophones to be presented in English.
In conclusion, the HOMOPHONES section helps
the learner distinguish between the meanings
of words pronounced alike, thereby providing
a better understanding of each. It also helps
the learner write with greater precision by
assisting in the selection of the character most
appropriate to the context.
Since the complex problems inherent in kun
homophones have been mostly ignored by
existing reference works, this feature should
prove to be of great value to the student.
3.3	Okurigana Endings
The kun readings in the entry-head data in-
clude parentheses that indicate okurigana
endings in conformity with the official rules
published by the Ministry of Education. The
headwords and compounds also follow these
rules when applicable. Important nonstandard
variations are given when necessary.
3.4	Stroke Counting
The ability to count strokes is necessary both
for writing the characters correctly and for
using character dictionaries effectively. The
following information is provided:
1.	The reference data box gives the stroke-
count data for each entry character.
2.	The principles of stroke counting are
explained in Appendix 2. How to Count
Strokes, along with charts to help speed up
the counting process.
3.	Difficult-to-count characters are cross-
referenced at common incorrect stroke-
count locations.
4	OTHER FEATURES
4.1	Character Importance
Since this dictionary is aimed at learners,
considerable effort has been made to indicate
the degree of importance of the entry charac-
ter, based on the most recent and comprehen-
sive statistical surveys. This enables the learner
to know the importance of each character, and
helps the teacher compile graded lessons. The
following information is provided:
1.	The frequency level of the entry character,
which divides the characters into four sub-
classes, is given in the reference data box
(see p. 37a for details). Levels A and B, the
first 1000 characters, account for about
95% of all kanji appearing in newspapers.
2.	The frequency ranking of the entry charac-
ter is given in the reference data box. This
is the relative frequency of occurrence of a
character in newspapers, based on a survey
of some 24 million kanji published in July
1998, just before this dictionary went to
press (see p. 910 for details).
3.	The grade indicates the entry type (Joyo
Kanji or Jinmei Kanji) and the school
grade during which the character is taught.
A grade of 1 to 6 indicates a character in
the 1006 Education Kanji taught in the six
elementary school grades.
4.	Important characters are presented in red.
This means that the character in question
is either in the Education Kanji list, or is
one of the 1000 most frequent characters
(frequency levels A or B). Some learners
may wish to concentrate on these 1183
characters in the initial stages of study.
5.	Appendix 5 lists the top 1000 characters by
frequency ranking, along with their core
meanings. This is useful to both the learner
and the teacher.
29a
FEATURES
4.2	Character Codes
For the convenience of learners using comput-
ers and those needing more advanced infor-
mation, the reference data box gives character
codes and the NJECD entry number.
1.	The Kuten number is used for indexing
characters in the Japanese character set
standard JIS X 0208-1997. This is useful for
entering kanji codes in computer systems
or when consulting standards and elec-
tronic dictionaries.
2.	The Unicode value is given for each entry
character, which should be useful to com-
puter users. This conforms to the interna-
tional character standard ISO 10646, which
is rapidly gaining popularity as an interna-
tional character set.
3.	The NJECD Entry Number is convenient for
looking up the entry character in the New
Japanese-English Character Dictionary,
which gives a more comprehensive treat-
ment, including synonyms, usage notes,
compound formation articles, ortho-
graphic variants, and other features.
4.3	System of Labels
A labeling system including status, subject,
and functional labels gives information on
etymology, style, function, level of formality,
etc., providing practical guidance on the style
and usage associated with each sense.
4.4	Character Functions
Each character may have various grammatical
and syntactic functions. An important func-
tion of kanji is their role as word elements;
that is, their ability to form numerous com-
pound words by being combined with each
other. Words can be formed by adding an affix
(suffix or prefix) to a base, or by joining com-
bining forms with each other. For example,
-M -zumi ‘completed’ is attached to
tenken ‘inspection’ to yield tenkenzumi
‘inspection completed’.
The functions of each character as an inde-
pendent word (free form) or word element
(affix or combining form) are indicated, while
the meanings of independent words are clearly
distinguished from those of word elements.
4.5	Character Etymology
This dictionary presents the following infor-
mation on radicals and character etymology.
1.	The reference data box gives the radical
and radical number for each entry charac-
ter. This aids in understanding its etymol-
ogy, since radicals often function as se-
mantic components, and is also useful for
looking up characters in other dictionaries.
2.	The traditional radicals of lost-radical
characters are given in the Radical Index.
3.	The Quick Reference Radical Chart gives
convenient access to information on radi-
cals, including standard and variant forms,
stroke-counts, and radical names.
4.	The original meaning, which is the first
meaning associated with a character after
its formation in China (rarely Japan), is of-
ten given, especially when it helps clarify
the character's meaning or helps illustrate
how the senses are interrelated.
5.	A description of how to use traditional
radical indexes effectively.
4.6	User Friendliness
Another feature of this dictionary is a layout
that is both visually attractive and easy to use.
Typographical design with the aid of cutting-
edge font technology was used to achieve a
harmonious blend of font styles and weights
(Adobe's Myriad and Minion multiple master
fonts for English and Heisei Mincho for Japa-
nese). Some of the world's leading font design-
ers, such as Adobe's Robert Slimbach, have
contributed to this effort, which has resulted
in an esthetically pleasing design that stimu-
lates a desire to browse and to truly enjoy
studying kanji.
FEATURES
30a
EXPLANATORY CHART
я я @ a
The Explanatory Chart shows the layout of the entry. The lightface
numerals refer to the section numbers of the Guide to the Dictionary
on p. 35a, where the format is explained.
GUIDES
1	entry number guide	1.1
2	page number guide	1.1
3	pattern guide	1.1
4	subsection guide	1.1
5	subgroup guide	1.1
ENTRY-HEAD DATA
6	entry character	1.2
7	entry number	1.4
8	SKIP number	1.5
9	core symbol	2
10	core meaning	2
11	stroke order diagram	5
CHARACTER READINGS
12	principal reading	3
13	on and kun readings	3
14	special reading*	3
15	unapproved reading*	3
16	other reading	3
17	name readings	3
REFERENCE DATA BOX
18	radical	4
19	grade	4
20	strokes	4
21	Kuten	4
22	level and ranking	4
23	NJECD entry number	4
24	Unicode	4
COMPOUNDS
25	character meaning	6
26	compound word	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
ОФ (act of being alive) life, existence
© (interval between birth and death) LiFEtime, — 25
life
a | seimei life |-----------
seishi life and death
1421791
* Items that do not appear in this chart.
31a
EXPLANATORY CHART
INDEPENDENT
27 INDEPENDENT headword	7
28	alternative reading	7
29	headword meaning	7
KUN
30	KUN headword	8
31	alternative form	8
32	noun adjective	8
33	homograph	8
34	kun word element	8
35	headword meaning	8
SPECIAL READINGS
36	compound of approved
special reading	9
37	compound of unapproved
special reading	9
HOMOPHONES
38 homophonegroup member 10
39 homophone core meaning 10
40 cross-reference	10
NOTE
41 easily confused characters 11
[INDEPENDENT]
27	29
| [sei £] 11 life, living; [humble] 11
[shdjiru[(^shdzuru) | £	28
happen, arise, be produced; produce, create,
cause; grow
[KUN]
|[ikiru ----------------------------------------30
31	35
|[umare	±]|[ [also suffix] birth; origin,
lineage]
[|nama-|	34
ISPECIAL READINGS]
shibafu lawn, turf |--------------------36
i'lia* ainiku unfortunately, unluckily; I am _^7
sorry, but...
IHOMOPHONESI
ikeru
|S bury|=> ®403
1-------1 ...................................  38
umareru Ж give birth =>2075
I--------J-------------------------39
umu & GIVE BIRTH =>| 2075 |_____________________лп
I-----1-------------------
1138	[shizuka ЙФ] shizuka па	quiet, silent, still; calm, tranquil, gentle, quiet		32
iLdoro1 ЛВ]|--------------------------------зз
0941 О mud, mire, slush, dirt
	
7^ M 2184 *d° not confuse with тк not yet =>2185 тк ет 2185 *do not confuse with 5k last part =>2184	— 41
	
EXPLANATORY CHART
32a
THE EQUIVALENT
42	level 1 equivalent	12.3
43	explanatory gloss	12.4
44	subject guide phrase	12.4
45	definition	12.4
46	core word	12.5
47	level 2 equivalent	12.3
48	parenthetical adjunct	12.5
49	supplementary gloss	12.6
50	level 3 equivalent	12.3
SENSE DIVISION
51	main sense	12.2
52	sense division number	12.2
53	subsense	12.2
54	sense division letter	12.2
55	semicolon	12.2
► LIFE
► BE BORN
► STUDENT
ICOMPOUNDSl
42
52 54	46
(act of being alive)jctFE), existence [•
© (interval between birth and death) LiFEtime,
life
43
0| (living organisms) | life, living things
53
51
© (be alive) | live, exist |-----------------------47
00 BE BORN
0 bear, give birth to
а seika house where one was born
01 (bring into existence) | produce, give rise to
0 [original meaning] | (of plants) | grow	44
© [also suffix] student, pupil|Jscholar 55
[KUN]
[ ikeru	I] arrange | (flowers)]-----------------48
0377
[shibui K'H]
Оastringent, puckery, rough]— said
| esp. of the taste of unripe persimmons
0S
0602
ICOMPOUNDSl
► LUMINOUS
SHO
О 0 [original meaning, now rare] (emitting light)_
luminous, bright, shining
0 (enjoying the glory of enlightened rule) en-
lightened, glorious, illustrious
33a
EXPLANATORY CHART
COMPOUNDS AND EXAMPLES
56	compound word	13.1
57	example	13.1
58	Japanese word or phrase	13.1
59	romanized transcription	13.1
60	English equivalent	13.1
61	subsense indicator	13.2
LABELS
62 character not in this
dictionary	13.1
63	functional label	14.1
64	status label	14.2
65	subject label	14.3
CROSS-REFERENCE ENTRIES
66	single cross-reference	1.5
67	multiple cross-reference	1.5
[KU [i 0 61	N] dru £<<£>] 0 (be alive) live, exist © (make a living) live (on), subsist 58 59	60 1	1	1
	|£ cf| | iki\ | freshness; stet |
	ikimono living creature |		56
	62 <5|ЙХikerushikabane living corpse
b	Hito wa pan nomi nite ikuru ni arazu Man — 57 does not live by bread alone
	
63	65
{Й 1
0081 01 [also suffix] 11 moth | value
OO| [original meaning] |(free from noise)
1l3g quiet, still, silent
		
	>6-^	incorrect classification 7L	=tsee B2-3-4: at 1398 B2-5-2	
		OO
		
incorrect classification
El-1-8
=>see В1-3-6: t at 0270 — 67
EXPLANATORY CHART
34a
GUIDE TO THE DICTIONARY
Я Я
1	ENTRIES AND GUIDES	p. 35a
2	CORE MEANINGS	p. 36a
3	CHARACTER READINGS	p. 36a
4	REFERENCE DATA BOX	p.37a
5	STROKE ORDER DIAGRAM	p. 38a
6	COMPOUNDS SECTION	p. 39a
7	INDEPENDENT SECTION	p. 39a
8	KUN SECTION	p. 39a
9	SPECIAL READINGS SECTION	p.40a
10	HOMOPHONES SECTION	p. 40a
11	NOTE SECTION	p.40a
12	CHARACTER MEANINGS	p. 40a
13	COMPOUNDS AND EXAMPLES	p. 43a
14	LABELS	p.43a
The aim of this Guide to the Dictionary is to
describe the various conventions used in the
dictionary, including the entry format, as well
as to define the meanings of technical terms,
labels, glosses, and the like. The Guide deals
mostly with presentation, with a primary
emphasis on format. How this information is
useful to the learner is treated in Features of
This Dictionary on p. 25a.
The Explanatory Chart on p. 31a describes the
entry layout, while the meanings of symbols
and abbreviations are given in Abbreviations
and Symbols on p. 45a. The appendixes and
indexes are described in their respective intro-
ductions.
1 ENTRIES AND GUIDES
1.1 Guides
The various guides printed in the outer cor-
ners and margins of the page have been care-
fully designed and laid out to facilitate the
speedy location of entries.
1-	The entry number guide in the lower,
outer corner of a page consists of boldface
numerals that indicate the entry number
range for that page. Use it for locating a
character when the entry number is known.
2. The page number guide consists of bold-
face numerals centered at the bottom of
each page. In the introductory pages, page
numbers are followed by the letter a. Entry
numbers, not page numbers, are used in
cross-references to entry characters.
35a
GUIDE
3. The SKIP Guides, which consist of the
subsection, pattern and subgroup guides,
are described in §2.7 on p. 881.
1.2	Entry Character
The main entry for a character consists of the
entry-head data and all the explanatory matter
for that character. The large character at the
head of each entry, set in the modern Heisei
Mincho typeface, is the entry character. Im-
portant characters are set in red. This means
that the character in question is either in the
Education Kanji list, or is one of the 1000 most
frequent characters (see §4 below).
1606
H 2-4-9
Entry character
Entry number
SKIP number
1.3	Entry-Head Data
The entry-head data consists of the entry
character (§1.2), the entry number (§1.4), the
SKIP number (§1.5), the core meaning (§2),
character readings (§3), the reference data box
(§4), and the stroke order diagram (§5). Each
item is described in the section indicated in
parentheses.
1.4	Entry Number
The boldface numeral below the entry charac-
ter is the entry number, which uniquely identi-
fies the entry characters throughout the dic-
tionary, the appendixes, and the indexes for
reference and cross-reference. The entry num-
ber appears as a four-digit zero-padded nu-
meral (e.g. 0023, rather than 23).
1.5	SKIP Number
The SKIP number of the entry character, which
appears below the entry number, consists of
the pattern symbol followed by hyphenated
numerals used to locate characters according
to SKIP rules, e.g. E1-2-5 for See §2.3 on p.
876 for details.
1.6	Types of Entries
This dictionary contains a total of 2808 entry
characters: 2230 main entries and 578 cross-
reference entries. These are classified into
three types:
1.	The 1945 characters in the official Joyo
Kanji list (ЖЖМ2^!^) published in 1981,
widely used in the mass media, govern-
ment, and education.
2.	The 285 characters in the Jinmei Kanji list
(A^Sffili2^) revised in 1997, an official
list of kanji approved for use in personal
names.
3.	The 578 cross-reference entries at loca-
tions where a character might be mistak-
enly looked for under an incorrect pattern
classification or incorrect stroke-count.
See §2.6 on p. 880 for details.
2 CORE MEANINGS
The RED CAPITALIZED words preceded by the
symbol ► convey the core meaning or core
meanings of the entry character.
0 k DAY
► SUN
1915 ► JAPAN
The core meaning is one of the central features
of this dictionary. It represents the fundamen-
tal concept(s) linking the principal senses of a
character. The use of red for both the core
meanings and the core words in the equiva-
lents (see §12.5) makes the relation between
the senses visually obvious.
3 CHARACTER READINGS
The romanized transcriptions immediately
below the core meanings are the readings of
the entry character.
0130
YU yasa(shii) sugu(reru) masa(ru)v
|£] masa suguru yutaka
GUIDE
36a
Seven types of readings are given:
these readings.
1.	Principal readings The first reading
given is the most common or representa-
tive reading of a character. The principal
reading is nearly always the on reading, but
for characters that do not have an on read-
ing, the kun reading is used.
2.	Approved On readings The Sino-
Japanese or Chinese-derived reading,
given in capital letters. A hyphen indicates
a variant of an approved reading used for
euphony; e.g., -NO for as a variant of 0
in Jzlfc hanno.
3.	Approved Kun readings The native
Japanese reading, given in lowercase letters.
Okurigana (капа endings) conforming to
the official rules published by the Ministry
of Education are shown in parentheses. If a
kun reading includes a hyphen, it functions
only as a word element.
4.	Special readings In exceptional cases, a
component of what is considered a special
reading (see §9) in the Joyo Kanji list can
be isolated as a reading in its own right.
For example, the [Щ in ДМ dekoboko can
be isolated as having the reading boko.
Such a reading is similar to an ordinary
kun reading, and is marked by an asterisk
(e.g. boko*).
5.	Unapproved readings Marked by a
superscript solid triangle (A), this is a read-
ing that is not listed in the Joyo Kanji list.
Such readings are in principle excluded
from this dictionary, but are given on the
occasions when they are sufficiently im-
portant to learners (e.g. FUTSUA).
6.	Other readings Marked by a superscript
inverted solid triangle (T), this is an unap-
proved or rare reading frequently used in
names but not important enough to learn-
ers as an ordinary reading. Thus KUN head-
words and compounds are not given for
7.	Name readings These readings, called
nanori (£Ж 0), appear to the right of the
symbol [Ц, and are used exclusively, or al-
most exclusively, in personal, family, and
place names, but not in ordinary words.
All such readings, both kun and on, are
given in lowercase letters.
If a name reading and an ordinary (non-
name) reading are pronounced the same
but differ only in okurigana, as in ШЛ'
and for shinobu, only the ordinary read-
ing is given. Similarly, if a reading or a de-
rived reading (such as yuki from fr
< yuku) can be used in both names and
ordinary words, it is listed only among the
ordinary readings.
4 REFERENCE DATA BOX
The reference data box gives reference and
classification data.
в	0	Joyo-1	S4-4-0	K3892
1915	72	A0001	®3027	U65E5
The reference data box consists of seven items:
1.	Radical The radical and traditional
radical number for the entry character. If
the form of the radical differs considerably
from the parent radical, then a variant
form similar to the form actually appearing
in the character is given.
The radical given for lost-radical characters
is a new radical based on the simplified
form of the entry character (see §3 on p.
959). It is distinguished by a superscript
triangle (л) following the radical number.
1275
Л 9-	Joyo-2	S6-2-4	K1881
	A0006	®2020	U4F1A
37a
GUIDE
2.	Grade The characters are divided into
the following three categories:
a.	Joyo + number One of the 1006 char-
acters in the Education Kanji list
revised in 1989, which
must be learned in the six years of ele-
mentary school. The number indicates
one of the six school grades during
which the character is taught.
b.	Joyo A character in the Joyo Kanji list
published in 1981 but not in the Educa-
tion Kanji list; that is, a character
taught in grades 7 to 9.
c.	Names A character in the Jinmei Kanji
list revised in 1997.
3.	Strokes Hyphenated numerals consist-
ing of (1) the total stroke-count, (2) the
stroke-count of the radical portion, and (3)
the stroke-count of the nonradical portion.
The total of the second and third parts
equals the first part.
4.	Kuten A “K” followed by four digits
indicates a number used for indexing char-
acters in the Japanese character set stan-
dard JIS X 0208-1997. The first two digits
indicate the 12 ku (‘row’) and the second
two digits the ten (‘cell’).
5.	Frequency Level and Ranking A fre-
quency level letter from A to D is followed
by the frequency ranking, a number that
indicates the frequency of occurrence of
the entry character in contemporary news-
papers, based on statistical surveys pub-
lished in July 1998 (see p. 910 for details).
The frequency level was assigned by divid-
ing the characters into the four groups
shown in the table below. For example,
Level A includes all characters up to fre-
quency ranking 500. The Total column,
which gives the cumulative number of
characters in this dictionary, differs slightly
from the Freq. Ranking column, because
some of the characters in the survey are
not found in this dictionary.
Freq, level	Count	Total	Coverage	Freq. Ranking
A	496	496	80%	500
В	497	993	95%	1000
C	572	1565	99%	1600
D	665	2230	99.8%	
“B0784” (at 0H), for example, represents a
Level В kanji that has a frequency ranking
of 784. “9999” represents low-frequency
characters that were not assigned a fre-
quency ranking in the surveys.
6.	NJECD Entry Number The symbol ®
followed by a number indicates the entry
number of the character in the New Japa-
nese-English Character Dictionary, upon
which this dictionary is based. If the entry
character is not found in the first edition of
the NJECD at that position, its position in
future editions is indicated by a decimal
point. For example, “®65.5” means that fin
is to be found between entry numbers ®65
and ®66.
7.	Unicode A “U” followed by a hexadeci-
mal number indicates the international
code assigned to the entry character by the
Unicode character encoding standard
(version 2.0, published in 1996).
5	STROKE ORDER DIAGRAM
The stroke order diagram shows the order in
which the strokes of the entry character should
be written. The order of writing is presented
stroke by stroke, and tiny numerals indicate
the position of each stroke in the sequence.
Stroke order diagrams are given for all Joyo
Kanji entries.
2179	12345
GUIDE
38a
6	COMPOUNDS SECTION
This section lists the meanings of the main
entry character as an on word element. Each
sense is nearly always accompanied by com-
pounds and examples and their English
equivalents, arranged in an order that shows
their semantic interrelatedness.
Л|г ICOMPOUNDSl
2179 O0 (act of being alive) lif^ existence
0 (interval between birth and death)
LiFEtime, life
a seimei life
seiho (=seimei
hoken) life insurance
If a character meaning has more than one
sense, these are subdivided by sense division
numbers. See §12 and §13 for details on mean-
ings and compounds.
7	INDEPENDENT SECTION
This section lists the meanings of the entry
character as an independent on word. The
independent headword consists of a one-
character on word, with or without particles,
auxiliaries, or inflections, that can be used on
its own. Thus W gai and gaisuru are
treated as separate entries. Each meaning is
often accompanied by examples and their
English equivalents.
[INDEPENDENT!
1457 tgai ШЗ harm, evil, ill effect; damage
inshu no gai ill effects of
drinking
[gaisuru WT<b] harm, injure,
damage
The absence of the independent section indi-
cates that the entry character is not commonly
used as an independent word.
8	KUN SECTION
This section lists the meanings of the entry
character as a kun word or word element. The
senses are arranged in an order that shows
their semantic interrelatedness, and are usu-
ally accompanied by compounds and exam-
ples and their English equivalents.
У-Г [KUN]
0157 [iku fr<]
О go, proceed, leave for; attend; visit
f“T W ikitsuku arrive at, get to
[-yuki -frit, -ff J [suffix] bound for,
for
ЖЖА^О^ОЖ tokyoyukino
ressha train (bound) for Tokyo
The KUN headwords are presented in the fol-
lowing format:
1.	If a headword has two readings or written
forms, they are listed separated by a
comma. The first, like -frit above, is usu-
ally more common than the second.
2.	If a KUN headword includes a hyphen, it
functions only as a word element (affix or
combining form) in all its senses. In the
example above, -ff functions as a word
element in the final position.
3.	If a kun word is an adjectival noun (na-
adjective), the KUN headword in the heavy
square brackets [ ] does not include ZX na,
but is followed on the next line by a second-
ary headword in boldface (but not in
brackets) that does include ZX na.
[shizuka
1138 shizuka na t^/^ZX quiet, silent,
still; calm, tranquil, gentle, quiet
Adjectival nouns can also be used as ad-
verbs by replacing ZX na with IZ ni. These
forms are not necessarily listed separately.
4.	If two KUN headwords have the same writ-
ten form but differ in function (homo-
graphs), they are treated separately and dis-
tinguished by small superscript numerals,
e.g. doro1, doro2.
39a
GUIDE
9 SPECIAL READINGS SECTION
This section lists compound words having
special readings and their English equivalents.
A special reading applies to words composed
of two or more characters, when the reading of
the word as a whole is unrelated to the normal
readings of the individual characters. For
example, ВД S ‘tomorrow’ is read ashita,
though and H cannot be independently
read as a or ashi or shita.
Approved special readings are those listed in
the appendix to the Joyo Kanji list; unap-
proved ones, followed by a superscript trian-
gle (A), are those that are not. The unapproved
ones are only given if they are sufficiently
important to the learner.
[SPECIAL READINGS]
2179	shibafu lawn, turf
ainiku unfortunately, unluckily;
I am sorry, but...
10	HOMOPHONES SECTION
This section lists groups of homophones and
their entry numbers for cross-reference, ena-
bling the user to locate information about any
group member from any of the others.
Q IHOMOPHONESI
1915 hi SUN =^0453
asahi
Ж RISINGSUN =>1890
=>1114,1915
The term homophone as used in this diction-
ary refers to a member of a group of kun
words or word elements, often etymologically
related, that that are pronounced alike but
written differently and often have different
meanings. Sometimes, homophones not in
this dictionary are also given, with a ® indicat-
ing the entry number in the NJECD.
1.	Each group member is followed by its first
core meaning as an entry character, which
occasionally may not match the homo-
phone’s meaning as a KUN headword. Com-
paring the core meanings provides an un-
derstanding of each homophone's funda-
mental meaning.
2.	The HOMOPHONES sections form a network
of cross-references that point to the entry
characters for each group member. Com-
paring the meanings and compounds of
each member provides a more thorough
understanding of their differences and
similarities.
11	NOTE SECTION
Introduced by ★, the NOTE section directs
attention to characters of similar form that are
easily confused. These characters are always
cross-referenced to each other.
Ж ™
2184 ★do not confuse with Ж notyet =>2185
2185
InqteI
★do not confuse with тк last part
=>2184
Each character is followed by its first core
meaning, which clarifies their differences.
12	CHARACTER MEANINGS
The detailed presentation of character mean-
ings is one of the principal features of this
dictionary. Character meaning is defined as
the meaning of an on word element, a KUN
headword, or an INDEPENDENT on headword.
The meanings, which consist of explanatory
glosses and English equivalents, may be pre-
ceded by sense division numbers, functional
labels, status labels, or subject labels, and are
sometimes followed by explanatory glosses.
Each of these elements is described below.
GUIDE
40a
12.1	Order of Senses
The senses are arranged in an order that shows
their semantic interrelatedness; an English
keyword, often a core word such as LIFE in the
above example, serves as the basis of organiza-
tion, and the various senses are grouped in
clusters in a manner that shows how they are
interrelated.
The senses of a compound or example are
normally given in order of descending fre-
quency or importance.
12.2	Sense Division
The character meanings are often subdivided
by a system of dark-circled sense division
numbers (such as О and 0), subsense divi-
sion letters (such as 0 and ©), and semico-
lons and commas in a manner that shows the
semantic relationship between the senses and
subsenses (see example above). The senses of
compounds and examples are subdivided only
by semicolons.
If the COMPOUNDS section has only one main
sense that is not subdivided into subsenses, it
is identified by a solid black circle 0.
12.3	Degree of Importance
The degree of importance of each character
sense is indicated by various typographical
devices and labels.
[►luminous]-----Level 1
ICOMPOUNDSl
О
0 [original meaning, now rare! (emitting light)
luminous, bright, shining
© (enjoying the glory of enlightened rule) en-
lightened, glorious, illustrious
Level 3 1-----------Level 2
The degree of importance is divided into three
levels.
Level 1: Core meaning—The most important
sense, which is essential for the beginner,
provides a basic understanding of the charac-
ter.
Level 2: Important meaning—An English
equivalent displayed in boldface signifies an
important, usually high-frequency, meaning
essential for beginning and intermediate
learners.
Level 3: Rare or archaic meaning—An English
equivalent displayed in lightface, accompanied
by temporal labels (§14.2), signifies rare and
archaic senses. These can be safely ignored by
learners.
Since this dictionary is aimed at beginning and
intermediate learners, almost all the
41a
GUIDE
equivalents are level 2 meanings. Level 3
meanings and compounds are only given in
the exceptional cases when they promote
understanding, or if they are the only ones that
exist for that entry character.
12.4	Explanatory Gloss
Explanatory glosses supplement the equiva-
lents in order to clarify their meanings. These
are of two kinds. The subject guide phrase is a
brief parenthetical phrase beginning with “of’
that restricts the equivalent, especially as a
typical subject of an intransitive verb.
# • (of stock prices) rise
0051
The explanation is a description, rather than a
translation, of the meaning or grammatical
function. If necessary, a full lexicographic
definition is given.
[oru
0189 ® (separate through the application of a
sudden bending force) break off (as a
branch), break (a bone), snap (in
two), split
12.5	The English Equivalent
The English equivalent (or “equivalent”), the
central part of the character meaning, refers to
synonymous or nearly synonymous words or
phrases that are an English translation of a
Japanese word or word element (see §12 for
illustration). The core word is often the first
word of the equivalent, sometimes modified
by a qualifying word or phrase, that is identi-
cal with a core meaning.
The equivalent is presented in the following
format:
1.	An explanation or definition replaces the
equivalent in the case of culture-bound
terms or function words such as particles.
2.	The core words are set in RED CAPITALS to
make it visually obvious how the various
senses are related to the core meaning.
3.	Boldface is used in character meanings
(but not in compounds) to distinguish the
equivalents visually from other explana-
tory matter, and to indicate level 2 impor-
tance (§12.3).
4.	Parenthetical adjuncts sometimes accom-
pany the equivalent to indicate a typical
object of a transitive verb, a subject of a
verb, and the like.
12.6	Supplementary Gloss
Introduced by a dash, the supplementary
gloss typically consists of a phrase, beginning
with “said of’ or “used in,” that supplements
the equivalent by restricting its range of appli-
cation, by describing its grammatical function,
and so on.
0377
[shibui
О astringent, puckery, rough—said
esp. of the taste of unripe persimmons
12.7	Functions of Kanji
The function of a character as a free word and
word element is indicated by various means.
The following functions are indicated:
1.	Free words
2.	Combining forms
3.	Affixes (suffixes or prefixes)
4.	Grammatical/syntactic functions
5.	Numerals
6.	Function words
7.	Abbreviations
8.	Counters
9.	Units
10.	Titles
11.	Phonetic substitutes
12.	Symbols
13.	Names
14.	Special readings
Some of these are briefly described herein, but
the learner need not be concerned with the
technical details, since the structure of the
entry usually makes it obvious. The basic
principles are:
GUIDE
42a
1.	Character meanings in the COMPOUNDS
section refer to the meanings of the charac-
ter as a combining form. But if the sense is
preceded by a label such as “[suffix]” or
“[prefix],” that meaning functions exclu-
sively as an affix.
2.	Meanings in the KUN section function as
independent kun words, unless they are
preceded by the label “[in compounds]” that
shows that it is used only as a combining
form.
3.	Meanings in the INDEPENDENT section func-
tion as independent on words.
For a full description of character functions,
refer to pages 197a to 202a of the NJECD.
13	COMPOUNDS AND EXAMPLES
13.1	Section Format
Each sense of a character meaning is usually
illustrated by compounds and examples.
Compound or compound word refers to a
combination of two or more words or word
elements having their own lexical meaning
that together function as a single word (e.g. Й
ff keiko suru ‘carry along, bring’). Exam-
ple refers to a word other than a compound or
to an illustrative phrase or sentence (e.g. Й
ШЛ.'Ь tsue о tazusaeru ‘carry a stick in one's
hand’).
The compounds and examples are presented
in the following format:
1.	A Japanese word or phrase is followed by
the romanized transcription and the Eng-
lish equivalent. The format of the equiva-
lent generally follows that of the character
meanings (§12). See Appendix 3 on p. 900
for details on romanization.
2.	Characters used in compounds and exam-
ples are sometimes followed by a super-
script x (x), which indicates that the char-
acter in question is not one of the 2230
main entry characters in this dictionary.
13.2	Subsense Indicators
The compounds and examples are grouped by
meaning in a manner that shows how they are
formed from their constituent parts; that is,
they are grouped together under the same
main sense that they illustrate.
If a main sense is divided into subsenses, the
compounds are listed under the same main
sense and subdivided into groups by subsense.
Within each (sub)sense group, compounds in
which the entry character appears in the initial
position precede those in which it does not.
The subsense indicators, which consist of tiny
letters to the left of the compounds, indicate
the beginning of a new subsense group; that is,
that the compounds from that point onwards
illustrate only the subsense(s) indicated by the
tiny letters.
ICOMPOUNDSl
0849 ® effect, efficacy (esp. of drugs), vir-
tue
© (state of being operative or in force) ef-
fect, effectiveness, validity
a koka effect, efficacy; result
koritsu efficiency
ab^iJj kdryoku effect, efficacy; effect
(as of a law), validity
WSSfa уйкдпа effective, valid
muko invalidity, ineffectiveness
b	hakkdsuru become effec-
tive, take effect, come into force
In the example, the tiny a indicates that
and illustrate subsense 0; the ab that W
fa and ЗЙ illustrate both subsenses
0 and ©; and the b that & illustrates
subsense ©.
14	LABELS
A labeling system including functional, status,
and subject labels provides guidance on ety-
mology, style, function, level of formality, etc.
43a
GUIDE
14.1	Functional Labels
Functional labels indicate various grammati-
cal and syntactic functions associated with a
sense. These are of four kinds: part-of-speech,
usage, word-formation, and miscellaneous.
1.	Part-of-speech labels, set in italics, are
sometimes given. This includes particle,
pronoun, vi (intransitive verb), and vt
(transitive verb). The part of speech is usu-
ally made clear by the wording of the
equivalent. Labels appear mostly when it is
necessary to eliminate ambiguity.
2.	The usage label, enclosed in square brack-
ets, indicates how a word or word element
is used, especially its syntactic function
and the grammatical construction in which
it normally appears. These labels do not
have a fixed form. Typical ones include:
“[in the form of...]” (form in which the word
is normally used), “[followed by...],” and
“[in negative constructions].”
3.	The word-formation label, enclosed in
square brackets, indicates the function of a
form as a word element (affix or combin-
ing form). The absence of a word-
formation label before the equivalent of an
on word element indicates that the charac-
ter functions as a combining form in that
sense. The absence of such a label before
the equivalent of a KUN headword indicates
that that headword functions as an inde-
pendent word that may or may not also
function as a combining form in that sense.
The following labels appear: prefix, also prefix,
suffix, also suffix, also prefix and suffix, verbal pre-
fix, verbal suffix, in compounds. If a label does
not begin with “also”, the function is ex-
clusive. Thus, “prefix” means the sense is
used only as a prefix.
4.	Miscellaneous functional labels, such as
“[auxiliary],” and “[emphatic]”, indicate vari-
ous functions.
14.2	Status Labels
The status label restricts the sense to a particu-
lar time, level of style, or level of formality.
Status labels are of four kinds.
1.	The etymological label, which appears in
the form “[original meaning],” indicates that
the sense is the first meaning of the charac-
ter after its formation. Though etymologi-
cal labels appear quite often, the treatment
of original meanings is not exhaustive.
2.	The temporal label, enclosed in square
brackets, restricts the accompanying sense
to a particular time. The absence of a tem-
poral label indicates that the sense is cur-
rent in Modern Japanese.
Temporal labels are of two kinds: “[rare]”
(infrequent in Modern Japanese) and
“[archaic]” (used especially in the classics)
(see illustration in §12.3). Rare and archaic
senses are given only in special cases where
no other meanings or compounds exist, or
when essential for understanding.
3.	The stylistic label, set in italics, restricts the
sense to a particular level of style. The fol-
lowing labels appear: literary (language of
literature), elegant (language of poetry),
colloq (spoken language), slang (extremely
informal), and vulgar (social taboo).
4.	The formality label, enclosed in square
brackets, restricts the sense to a particular
level of formality. The following labels ap-
pear: “[honorific]” (elevating subject’s
status), “[humble]” (lowering subject's
status), “[polite]” (desu-masu style), and
“[belittling]” (showing contempt or abuse).
14.3	Subject Labels
This subject label, in italics, identifies the field
to which the sense applies. It is often an abbre-
viation, as chem for “chemistry.” These abbre-
viations are listed with their full forms in
Abbreviations and Symbols on p. 45a.
GUIDE
44a
ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
№
IB ж
LABELS
anat	anatomy
biol	biology
bot	botany
chem	chemistry
colloq	colloquial
elec	electricity
geol	geology
gram	grammar
math	mathematics
phys	physics
vi	intransitive verb
vt	transitive verb
SKIP SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
etc.	in cross-reference entries, other char-
acters of similar structure
p	incorrect pattern classification (in
Pattern Index)
ps	incorrect pattern classification and
stroke-count (in Pattern Index)
incorrect stroke-count (in Pattern
Index)
SKIP System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns
И 1	left-right pattern
В 2	up-down pattern
О 3	enclosure pattern
	4	solid pattern
П 1	top line (solid subpattern)
Q 2	bottom line (solid subpattern)
H 3	through line (solid subpattern)
□	4	others (solid subpattern)
SYMBOLS IN ENTRY-HEAD DATA
►	core meaning
()	encloses okurigana of kun readings
112 kun readings of exactly the same form
kun reading used as word element
* special reading that can be isolated
unapproved reading
T	unapproved/rare reading used in names
ID reading(s) used only in names
REFERENCE DATA BOX
л	new radical based on simplified char-
acter form
S	Stroke-count information
К	Kuten number
А-D	frequency level
®	NJECD entry number
U	Unicode
OTHER SYMBOLS AND MARKS
[ ] encloses subentry headwords (KUN and
INDEPENDENT headwords)
oe • sense division numbers
00 • sense division letters
0 unnumbered sense in COMPOUNDS section
A unapproved special reading in SPECIAL
READINGS section
character not found as an entry char-
acter in this dictionary
° lost-radical character (in Radical
Index)
=>	introduces cross-references
§	precedes section numbers in cross-
references
=	precedes alternative forms or readings
()	1. okurigana endings
2.	explanatory glosses
3.	optional omissions (A(B) = A or AB)
4.	alternative forms/readings
[]	1. most labels
2.	alternatives (A [B] C = AC or BC)
I	1. sometimes indicates alternatives
2.	separates sentences
—	precedes supplementary glosses
KUN headword used as word element
:	coordinates two parts of an English
equivalent
45a
ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
1-2 Е
1
LEFT-RIGHT
► RIVER
SEN kawa
0001
Ш-1-2
JH	Joyo-1	S3-3-0	K3278
47	A0115	®6	U5DDD
► SMALL
T I \ SHO chii(sai) ко- о- Щ chiisa sasa
0002	Ф Joyo-1	S3-3-0	K3OT4~
111-1-2	42 A0093	®7	U5CoT
|C0MP0UNDS|
• [original meaning] river
MJ И kasen rivers
LllJH sansen mountains and rivers
[kun]
[kawa Jl|]
0 river, stream, brook
© suffix after names of (esp. Japanese) rivers
a Jl|_L kawakami upstream, upriver
Л1Ж kawase rapids, shallows of a river
ФЛ1 ogawa brook, streamlet
b alH Jl| edogawa Edo River
[SPECIAL READINGS!
Л1J^ kawara dry riverbed, river beach
[HOMOPHONES!
kawa M river =>0251
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
О [also prefix] [original meaning] (less in size, extent
or quantity) small, little, minor, short, tiny,
miniature, minute
ФИ shokoku small nation, lesser power
shosetsu novel, story, fiction
ФЙ1 shogaku small denomination
Ф7 izT sho-ajia Asia Minor
ФЖ1И shdkibo small scale
ФМЙ sho-tokyd miniature Tokyo, epitome
of Tokyo
Ф87 shbsu decimal (fraction)
>^Ф daisho large and small; size; long and
short swords
ЙИФ'Ф-Ь shukushosuru reduce, curtail, cut
down
ФФ^Ж chushokigyd small-to-medium-
sized enterprises
ЖФ saishd the smallest, minimum
0 (less in importance) small, minor, petty
ФЖ shoji trifle
Ф^й shogakkd elementary [primary]
1
0001-0002
Е 1-з
1--------------------------------------------------
1	school
shdgakusei schoolchildren, school-
boy, schoolgirl
jS/bWeT-b kashd-hydka suru underes-
J	timate, underrate
у ©0 abbrev. of shogakko: elementary
school, grade school
* G suffix after names of elementary schools
a shoichi first-year student of an elemen-
tary school
|rJzJ4 doshd the above-mentioned elemen-
tary school
b ftETzb tsukudasho Tsukuda Elementary
School
[independent!
[sho Ф] SMALLness; small size, small
Dai wa sho о kaneru The
greater serves for the lesser
Ф0 Я shd no tsuki month with 30 days or
less
[KUN]
[chiisai /h c£ small, little, tiny; young,
little
Ф $ chiisa na noun adjective form of
chiisai
[ко- Ф-] [also prefix]
O0 (less in size or quantity) small, little, short
0 (less in intensity) small, light, slight
a ФЗУО kogatano small-sized, small; pocket
(dictionary)
komono small articles, gadget
ZbM kotori small [little] bird
komugi wheat
kouta ditty, ballad
d4H koya cottage, hut, cabin; playhouse
d4W¥- kogitte check
d4 □ koguchi small lot, small sum [amount];
end,edge
d^fe kohaba single breadth, narrow range
<Мв koyubi little finger, pinkie; little toe
komoji lowercase letter
b лЬНГ koyuki light snowfall
/Ьл’ kogoe low voice, whisper
0 (of secondary importance) secondary, sub-
ФтЕЙ kouriten retail store
[o- Ф-] little, nice
d4JH ogawa brook,streamlet
d45d $ hj ojisan man; Mister, Uncle
d4®$/u obasan (middle-aged) lady
[SPECIAL READINGS]
d4_EL azuki adzuki bean
d4^<A boya small fire
[HOMOPHONES!
ko-
T CHILD =>2125
IE CHILD =>®2546
АЙ DAUGHTER =^®406
ffx =>®33
incorrect classification
=>see 4-4-4 at 2163
11-1-3
► WATER
SUI mizu mizu- Ц] mina mi
0003	zK	Joyo-1	S4-4-0	K3169
B1-1-3	85	A0191	®10	U6C34
J d xjc
1	2
[compounds]
О [also suffix] [original meaning] water, cold
water
ZK® suido water service [supply]; channel
7КФ suijun level, standard; water level
ZK Ф suichQ in the water
ZK® suimen surface of the water
7КЛ suiryoku waterpower, hydraulic power
zK^M suijoki steam, water vapor
#8zK kaisui seawater
ffiTzK chikasui underground water
© hydrogen
7КЖ suiso hydrogen
ZKJSI suibaku hydrogen bomb
tansuikabutsu carbohydrates
0 Wednesday
7КИ( 0) suiyb(bi) Wednesday
Я Zk^ gessuikin Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays
[INDEPENDENT!
[sui zKJ Wednesday
0003
2
[KUN]
[mizu zKJ
00 water, cold water
0 [in compounds] liquid, WATERy
a mizuarai washing with water
zKW mizugi bathing [swimming] suit
zKfe mizuiro sky blue, turquoise
Ж/К amamizu rainwater
mizuame glutinous starch syrup
0 damper, wet blanket, barrier
7KA6TT mizuirazude by ourselves
[themselves]
[mizu- zK-J [prefix] water
7КЖЛМ mizushigen water resources
zM±> mizushigoto scrubbing and washing,
kitchen work
тКЙтБ mizushdbai bar and restaurant busi-
ness; chancy trade
IHOMOPHONESI
mizu AUSPICIOUS OMEN =>0704
>L?
0004
Е1-1-З
► HEART
SHIN kokoro -gokoro Ц] mune
makoto mi
	Jdyd-2	S4-4-0	K3120
61	A0167	®11	U5FC3
12	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSl
О heart, mind, spirit, feelings, emotions,
thoughts
'L?1W shinjb one's heart, one's feelings
shinshin mind and body
>L?il shinri mental state, mentality; psychol-
ogy
shinpai anxiety, concern, worry, uneasi-
ness; good offices
shinkyd frame of mind, mental attitude
[state]
shinchu heart, mind, true motives
shinju lovers'suicide, double suicide
M'L? kanshin concern, interest
anshinsuru have one's heart at
ease, feel easy, be relieved
nesshin enthusiasm, zeal, fervor, ear-
nestness
1-3 E
------;----------------------------------------- 1
Ъ kanshin suru admire, be deeply 1
impressed
shoshin one's original intention [object]
rydshin conscience
Ъ kesshin suru make up one's mind, /
decide	*7
t!epL? kushin pains, efforts, hard work
ishindenshin silent [tacit] under-	J
standing, empathy	-
koshin filial devotion [affection]
nf'C? kokishin curiosity
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] heart (the organ)
shinzo heart
shindenzu electrocardiogram
shinfuzen heart failure
kyoshinsho angina pectoris
Лв J$pL? shiboshin fatty heart
©0 (central part) heart, center, core
0 heart of a matter, vital point
а Ф'С? chushin center, middle
toshin heart [center] of a city
Ш'Ь? kakushin core, heart
ILl? jushin center of gravity, centroid
ЙЬЬ'Л enshinryoku centrifugal force
gaishin circumcenter, outer center
b	kanjinna vital, essential, main
[INDEPENDENT!
[shin
О heart, core; vitality; marrow
shinkara from the bottom of one's
heart; by nature
> t? & Ж V *	shin wayoiotoko a good man
at heart
0 core (of fruit); wick; lead (of a pencil); pad-
ding
ringo no shin core of an apple
enpitsu no shin lead of a pencil
[KUN]
[kokoro >L?]
O0 [also suffix] heart, mind, spirit, soul;
thoughts, ideas
0 attention, mind, interest
kokorogamae mental attitude;
preparation
>L? tz. 0 W %) kokoroatari да aru have
an idea [a clue]
Ж'С? magokoro sincerity, true heart
3
0004
Е1-з
1 “Нй'С? kodomogokoro child's naive
[juvenile] mind
b >L? SB Ъ kokoro о kubaru give attention
kokorogakeru bear in mind; try,
)	endeavor, intend
-7	kokorogake (mental) attitude; atten-
tion
7 0 (emotional state) heart, feelings, emotion
kokoro о ugokasu move one’s
heart; impress, touch (a person's heart)
kokorobosoi helpless, forlorn; lonely
kokoromochi feeling, mood; slightly
'C?fT kokoroyuku made to one's
heart's content
kokorozuyoi reassuring, heartening
%VL? kigokoro temper, disposition
©0 (true) heart, wholeheartedness, sincerity
© (generous disposition) sympathy, heart,
consideration
a b kokoro kara from the bottom of
one's heart
L kokorozukushi kindness, consid-
eration, solicitude
kokorozukai consideration, anxiety
0 meaning, essence; answer (to a riddle)
kokoroe knowledge, information; in-
structions
[-gokoro ->[?] spirit, soul
yamatogokoro the Japanese spirit
|SPECIAL READINGS]
kokochi feeling, mood
E1-1-3
incorrect classification
=^see И4-4-4 at 2159
0005
E1-1-4
► FORMER
KYU
a	Jdyd-5	S5-4-1	K2176
72A	B0608	®14	U65E7
[compounds!
0 [also prefix] former, ex-, old-time, old
© old, ancient, antique, old-fashioned, bygone
a [0й куйкуо former residence
[0ЖЛ kyugunjin ex-soldier
!0®J kyusei old system, old style
b 10Й kyukabu old stock
I0^Z£ kyuheina old-fashioned, conserva-
tive
10 kyushiki old style, old type
Si 10 О shinkyuno old and new
IM 10^"^ fukkyusuru be restored, recover
® 10 kaikyu longing for the old days
[INDEPENDENT!
[ kyu 10 ] old things, original or former state,
old times; old [lunar] calendar
10 (ZtM куй ni fukusuru be restored to
the former state
► WITHOUT FAIL
HITSU kanara(zu) И0 sada sadamu
0006
El-1-4
-l?	Jdyd-4	S5-4-1	K4112
61	A0295	®15	U5FC5
' у y.y>y?
1	2	3	4	5
[compounds!
О [original meaning] without fail, certainly,
surely; inevitable
hissuno indispensable, essential
hitsuyd need, necessity
hisshi inevitable death; desperation
hitsuju necessary
hitsuzenno inevitable, necessary
hitsuzenteki inevitable
hisshino inevitable, necessary
УУ&1 hissho certain victory
0 must, required, compulsory, worthwhile
^jOzilr hitsudokusho required reading
hitchaku (of mail) to be delivered
(without fail)
[KUN]
[kanarazu &TJ without fail, certainly,
surely, invariably, always, necessarily
kanarazushimo not always, not all
0005-0006
4
-I't B1-1-5	incorrect classification =>seeB 1-3-3: t at 0158
B1-1-5	incorrect classification =7>seeCl-2-4: ‘) at0039
fl" E1-1-5	incorrect classification =>see В1 -4-2: if at 0552
I^S E1-1-6	incorrect classification =>seeH2-5-2: IH at 1617
El-1-6	incorrect stroke-count =>seeE 1-1-7: У at 0007
E1-1-6	incorrect classification =4>seeE 1-3-4: 'I' at 0182
► AGREE TO
SHO uketamawa(ru) [Ц tsugu
yoshi
0007
Bl-1-7
	Joyo-5	S8-4-4	K3021
64	B0868	®16	U627F
	5 IT U Li			
[compounds!
О agree to, consent, accept
shodakusuru consent, assent,
agree, accept
shdchisuru consent [agree] to;
permit; forgive; know, understand
shonin approval, recognition
Ж SR shofuku consent, acceptance
TЖ ryosho acknowledgment, understand-
ing
© succeed to, take over, inherit; receive
ЖЙ£ shokei succession
ЖЖ~3~Ъ keisho suru succeed to, accede to,
inherit
{т^Ж densho tradition, legend
[KUN]
[uketamawaru Ж <5 ] [humble] hear, listen to,
1-10 П
be told	1
Ж L <=t □ Uketamawarimashd I’ll lis-
ten to you respectfully
Ж^Ш' uketamawareba from what I am told
jrp3 incorrect classification
Л/ /У\ =>see E 1-4-4: £ at 0583
E1-1-7
etc.
incorrect classification
=>seeE 1-3-5: t at 0219
B1-1-7
ML
0008
E1-1-8
► PROGENY
IN tane [Ю tsugu tsugi kazu
	Names	59-4-5	K1693
130	D2331	®17	U80E4
[compounds!
© progeny, descendant, posterity
$?ML rakuin illegitimate child, love child
t^ML kdin descendant, scion
[KUN]
[tane ML] paternal blood, offspring
MLjSH tanechigai half brother, half sister
[HOMOPHONES!
tane ffi VARIETY =>0823
>[Ш	incorrect classification
ЛМ-I	=>see E1 -4-5: t at 0611
E1-1-8
JFrrt . incorrect classification
|J=L |а±Т etc- =>see Bl-3-б: 1' at0270
E1-1-8
incorrect classification
ЛР =4>seeB 1-2-8: at 0098
E1-1-9________________________________________
4'кгг 4*Tl, incorrect classification
||2S| | Д etc- =4>see El-3-7: + at 0311
E1-1-9
incorrect classification
IFJ etc =>see E 1-3-8: t at 0352
E1-1-10
5
0007-0008
В i-ii
1
► ORDER
► OBEY
JUN Щ yori yoshi yuki nori nobu
0009	ж	Jdyd-4	S12-9-3	K2971
E1-1-11	181	B0742	®18	U9806
I) II и	111	"ЛГ	liinnwipl	
Jill	ж
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] ORDER, sequence, turn
IBS junban order, turn
IBlT junjo order, sequence; system, proce-
dure
JBtfc jun'i order, rank, precedence
JBJB IC junjun ni by turns, in order
IBS'S junro suggested route (for visitors), way
round
ff IB hitsujun stroke order (in writing Chinese
characters)
Ж1В michijun route, itinerary
IB tejun procedure, program, process
^c^lfi senchakujun order of arrival
^Йр1В^ nenreijunni by priority of age
ABC IB	ё-Ы-shi-jun ni in alphabetical
order
0 obey, follow, submit to
IBtF'TЪ junshu suru observe, obey, follow,
conform to
JB?£ junpd law observance
© favorable, satisfactory, right
IBUnl juncho favorable condition, smooth
progress
IB® junpu favorable wind
IBSZi junto na proper, right, reasonable
[INDEPENDENT!
[jun IB] order, sequence, turn
IB fC jun ni in order, by turns

incorrect classification
=>seefi 1-4-8: it at 0681
ipffj jfjzT incorrect classification
Art AH =>seeE 1-4-9: it at 0700
El-1-12
жж E1-1-12	incorrect classification =>seeE 1-3-10: + at 0462
ш-и E1-1-13	incorrect classification etc =>see В1-3-11: t at 0487
E1-1-14	incorrect classification =>see El-3-12: + at 0511
fit 1ft E1-1-15	incorrect classification etc =^seeE 1-3-13: i' at 0528
incorrect classification
A<v»A5> =>see E1-4-12: it at0739
E1-1-15
ж	incorrect classification =>see E1-4-13: it at 0744
El-1-16	
s	incorrect classification =>see El-4-14: £ at0750
E1-1-17	
TS	incorrect classification
E1-1-18	=>see E1-4-15: at 0751
7L	incorrect stroke-count =>seeB 1-3-1: f at 0131
E1-2-1	
0010
E1-2-2
► BUDDHA
► FRANCE
BUTSU FUTSU* hotoke И satoru
1	Joyo-5	. S4-2-2	K4209
9	B0952	®19	U4ECF
E1-1-11
incorrect classification
e*c’ =>see E1-3-9: t at 0424
31-1-11
> -f
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 buddha, Sakyamuni
0009-0010
6
2-2 П
Q Buddhism
0 [also suffix] Buddhist image
a budda Buddha
ff{A shinbutsu gods and Buddha; Shinto and
Buddhism
b bukkyd Buddhism
nenbutsu Buddhist invocation, prayer to
Amitabha
c butsuzd image of Buddha; Buddhist
statue
{A£J butsudan family Buddhist altar
^{A sekibutsu stone Buddhist image
;MA daibutsu great statue of Buddha
00 FRANCE
0 French (language)
a {A® futsuin French Indochina
В {A nichifutsu Japan and France
b futsubungaku French literature
{А^Е£?Д futsueijiten French-English dic-
tionary
[KUN]
[hotoke {A J buddha; Buddhist image; the
deceased, departed soul
(АШ hotokesama Buddha; deceased person
0011
El-2-2
► BENEVOLENCE
JIN Nl [Ц hito hitoshi yoshi
makoto hiroshi masa kimi sato nori
<	Jdyo-6	S4-2-2	K3146
9	C1165	®20	U4EC1
[COMPOUNDS!
0 benevolence, the perfect virtue, humane-
ness, compassion, kindness, love, mercy (a
basic Confucian precept)
fcS jin'ai benevolence, charity
fcjinjutsu benevolent act
jingireichishin the five Confu-
cian virtues (benevolence, justice, cour-
tesy, wisdom and sincerity)
fc® jintoku benevolence, goodness
tit jingi humanity and justice; moral code;
formal greeting among gamblers
► CHANGE INTO
KA KE ba(keru) ba(kasu)
L	Jdyd-3	S4-2-2	K1829
21	A0086	®21	U5316
[COMPOUNDS!
к
-t
oo change into, transform into, turn into, 2^
convert	j|
0 change (a person) for the better, convert, k
influence
a kaseki fossil, fossil remains; petrifaction
kasei chemical synthesis, transformation
{tS o’ kago chemical combination
shoka digestion; assimilation; consump-
tion
doka assimilation
Si'ft henka change, transformation, variety;
declension
b bunka culture
капка suru influence, exert influ-
ence, inspire
кубка suru enlighten, educate,
civilize
0 [also suffix]
0 (cause to become) -ize, -ify, make into
0 (become) -ize, become transformed, turn
into
а !ЙИЬ кубка strengthening, intensification,
buildup, reinforcement
ekika liquefaction
ЙЧЬ'Т'Ь jokasuru purify, cleanse
kindaika modernization
□	—34L konpyutaka computeriza-
tion
b ЙИЬ sanka oxidation
gekika (=gekka) suru intensify,
become aggravated
akkasuru worsen, aggravate, de-
teriorate
папка softening; weakening (of the
market)
0 change [transform] oneself into, take the
form of; disguise oneself
{Lffinn keshohin cosmetics
{ЬЛ' keshin Buddhist incarnation,
7
0011-0012
Е 2-2
1 ----------:---------:---------------------------
1	reincarnation
ЙИЬ gonge incarnation, embodiment
henge goblin, ghost
, 0 abbrev. of kagaku: chemistry
1	kasen synthetic fiber
X [KUN]
t [bakeru	change [transform] one-
self into, take the form of; disguise oneself
bakemono monster; ghost
obake apparition, specter, ghost
n ~!Z	onna ni bakeru change into a
woman, assume the shape of a woman
[bakasu	bewitch, deceive
Жх	kitsune ni bakasareru be
deceived by a fox
ж
0013
E1-2-2
► SET OF TWO
SO futa ® того nami
У	Joyo	S4-2-2	K3348
29л	C1101	®25	U53CC
[7 7 ХЛ
12	3	4
[compounds!
- t t'.th
12	3	4
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 compare (with), contrast
0 COMPARE to, liken
a th® hikaku comparison
hikakuteki comparatively, relatively
taihisuru contrast, compare
b hiyu simile, metaphor, allegory
ЬЬЖ hirui parallel, equal, match
0 [also suffix] ratio
hirei proportion, ratio
hiritsu ratio, percentage
ydsekihi volume ratio
[INDEPENDENT!
[hi th] comparison, match, equal; ratio
tt л)< &£> Ъ hi о motomeru obtain the ratio
[KUN]
[kuraberu compare, contrast
(ZZX Ь kurabemononi
naranai be no match for
seikurabe comparison of statures
[HOMOPHONES!
kuraberu compare =>®1536
Ф [original meaning] set of two (identical
things such as hands), pair, both, two
0 counter for pairs
a soken both shoulders
soseiji twins
7ХЙ soho both sides [parties]
b sogankyo binoculars
—* Ж issd a pair
[kun]
[futa Ж] [in compounds] set of two, pair
futago twins
ЖЖ futaba bud, cotyledon
IHOMOPHONES]
futa — TWO =>1224
► COMPARE
HI kura(beru) HO kore
0014
£ 1-2-2
ft	Jdyd-5	S4-4-0	K4070
81	A0319	®26	U6BD4
w
0015
В1-2-2
► CUT
SETSU SAI ki(ru) -ki(ru) ki(ri)
-ki(ri) -gi(ri) ki(reru) -ki(reru)
ki(re) -ki(re) -gi(re)
ZJ	Joyd-2	S4-2-2	K3258
18	A0244	027	U5207
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] cut, sever
setsudansuru cut (off), sever
tDIH sekkai incision, section
setsujosuru cut off, excise
WSS. seppuku hara-kiri, suicide by disem-
bowelment
hansetsu half size
0 keen, acute, intense
setsujitsuni acutely, keenly,
earnestly; sincerely, heartily
0013-0015
8
tsusetsuna keen, acute, poignant
©0 in dose contact, fitting closely, to the
point
© urgent, pressing, close
a tBWZX shinsetsuna kind, friendly, obliging
tekisetsuna appropriate, adequate,
proper
konsetsuna kind, cordial; exhaustive
b yEWfe taisetsuna important, weighty;
valuable
0 everything, all
-^^00 issaino all, entire, whole
[INDEPENDENT!
[setsunai WH] painful, trying, distressing
[kun]
[kiru W3]
O0 cut, slice, carve
0 cut down (trees), fell, chop down
0 prune, trim, shear
0 cut (flat things such as cloth or paper)
a W 0 KftT kirihanasu cut [chop] off, sever,
detach
0 Io kirisuteru cut down, cut away;
omit
kitte postage stamp
WfT kippu ticket
b ED V @IJ'7T kiritaosu fell (a tree)
© cut (a person) with a sword, cut down, kill
Bit L ED 0 tameshigiri trying out a new
sword (on someone)
ЖЕ03 uragiru betray, turn traitor, double-
cross
© (separate from the main body) cut off, break
away
& W kippu о kiru punch a ticket, rip
off a coupon
0 perform an action as if by cuTting
Ей ED fumikiri railroad crossing
00 (discontinue an action) cut off, pause, break
off, turn off, hang up
© CUT [sever] connection with
a ED О kirikaeru switch, change, renew
Ж И ED <5 omoikiru resign oneself to, give
up; resolve, determine
IT % ED Ъ uchikiru put an end to, break off,
finish
ь MED 0 enkiri severing off connections
2-2 П
----------------------------------------------- 1
© cut off [divide] by or as if by a partition
Й ED shimekiri closing day, deadline; Closed,
No Entrance
ttED-Ь shikiru partition, divide, mark off; set- .
tie accounts; sumo toe the mark	1
© perform an action boldly
ED V IL kirifuda trump (card), last resort ,
Bs <^ED 'b fumikiru make a bold start, take a
plunge; take off; sumo step out of the -|j-
ring
[-kiru -ED-S ] [verbal suffix]
О finish, be through	1|
Ift^ED^) yomikiru finish reading, read -
through
00 perform an action thoroughly
0 perform an action decisively
a 55 0 ED Ъ harikiru be in high spirits, be
enthusiastic; stretch to the full
fi^llED Ъ tsukarekiru be tired out, be ex-
hausted
iikiru declare, assert; finish saying
[kiri ED 0 ] limits, bounds, end
ED О V kiri да nai be endless
[boundless]
[-kiri -ED 0 ] cuTter
Z&ED 0 kankiri can opener
DIV ED E) tsumekiri nail clipper [nipper]
[-giri -ED 0 ] [also suffix] way of cuTting
ИЗО ED D yotsugiri cutting in four; quarter
[kireru EDIV5]
О be cut off, break, snap, burst, collapse
EDTlZt^I kiretanawa broken rope
EDtl^ffi kirehashi fragment, scrap
0 be cut [injured], become fissured
Wtl El kireme rift, gap, break; end, pause,
interval
Ф/O^EDVIZl Те да kireta I cut my hand
0 break off, be interrupted
j^EDIl^) togireru break, pause, be inter-
rupted
MEDtVT<5 ikigire suru get short [out] of
breath, be winded
0 cut [sever] connection with
^EDIl tegire severance of connections; sola-
tium for severing connections
0 run out, expire, terminate
WHINED tlfc Kigen да kireta The term has
9
0015
Е2-2
1 --------------------------------------------
1	expired
[-kireru	[verbal suffix] be able to do,
be able to finish
/	Nomikiremasu ka Can you
'	drink it all up?
X 0 W	V * yarikirenai be unbearable, be
r	too much
[kire Wtl] sharpness, cuTting quality; cloth;
piece, bit, strip, slice
j/ Wtlft kireaji sharpness, cutting quality
kire no boshi cloth hat
"	kiregireno fragmentary, inter-
*	mittent
[-kire -Wtl] counter for strips or slices
kekihitokire a piece of cake
futakire no pan two slices of
bread
L-gire -Wtl] [also suffix] expiration of, deple-
tion of
qqWtl shinagire absence [exhaustion] of
stock
jikangire expiration of the allotted
time
IHOMQPHONESI
kiru
CUT DOWN =>042
J5X =>02306
ST =>®ззо1
Wfx =>01482
-gire SI SPLIT =>02687
► CLIP
ka(ru) Щ kari
0016
И1-2-2
Joyo	S4-2-2	K2002
C1575	®28	U5208
12	3	4
[kun]
[karu X[J<5]
0 (cut grass, hair or the like by sharp instrument)
clip, crop, cut, shear, mow, prune, trim
© reap, crop, harvest
а AJ 0 karikomu prune
/•J 0 JR <5 karitoru mow, cut down, reap,
harvest
Л10 karitate no newly mown, newly
cropped (head), just clipped
ЖЛ1 0 kusakari mowing, mower
удтбокаги shear sheep
b X'J 0 Atl kariire harvest, reap
fisAI D inekari rice reaping
IHOMQPHONESI
karu
Й HUNT =>0295
DRIVE =>1185
► TAKE IN
SHU osa(meru) osa(maru)
[D osamu nobu kazu
0017
El-2-2
я	Jdyo-6	S4-2-2	K2893
29л	A0349	®198	U53CE
j A
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 take IN, gather in, absorb
© collect materials and record [write down]
0 collect
а	shuyosuru accommodate, receive
(guests)
4ХЙЙ shuno storing; harvesting; receipt
УХШ shukaku harvest; harvesting
kyushu absorption, assimilation; merger
ЙЧХ baishu buying up, purchasing; bribing
kaishusuru collect, recover; with-
draw
b	shurokusuru collect, record, write
down
УХЖХ%> shushii suru collect, gather, accu-
mulate
c	choshusuru collect taxes
[payment]
00 (take possession of, esp. in payment) take in,
receive, accept
© take possession by force, confiscate, seize
a 1R A shunyu income, earnings, receipts
fR^ shueki profit, earnings, proceeds, re-
turns
shuwai acceptance of a bribe, corrup-
tion
fRflf'3"'b shutoku suru take possession of
ЖУХ rydshu receipt
b JRffl shuyd expropriation
0016-0017
10
oshusuru seize, confiscate
bosshu confiscation, seizure, forfeiture
sesshu requisition, takeover, seizure
0 income, receipts, revenue
shushi incomings and outgoings, earn-
ings and expenses
J^lR zoshu increased income [revenue]; in-
creased yield
Л gesshu monthly income
zeishu yield of taxes, tax revenues
0 bring to order [settlement]
shushusuru get under control,
save (the situation)
IKON]
[osameru
0 gain, obtain, reap
0 achieve, attain
а	shorto osameru win, gain a
victory
ь	seika о osameru achieve
success
[osamaru
О be put (back) in place, be restored
IZ 1R S Ъ hako ni osamaru be stored in a
box
0 be settled, be brought to a settlement
osamari conclusion, end, settlement
arasoi да osamaru be set-
tled
[HOMOPHONES!
osameru
PAY =>0877
GOVERN =>0250
CULTIVATE =>0092
osamaru
$3 PAY =>0877
GOVERN =>0250
ft CULTIVATE =>0092
R
0018
El-2-3
► SUBSTITUTE
► GENERATION
► CHARGE
DAI TAI ka(waru) ka(wari)
-ga(wari) ka(eru) yo shiro1
shiro2 Ц] yori nori
	Jbyo-3	S5-2-3	K3469
9	A0067	®30	U4EE3
>1.....
ICOMPOUNDSl
2-3 П
— 1
О [original meaning] substitute, replace, rep-
resent, act for another, alternate
daiyd suru substitute, use for an-
other
'T Ъ daiko suru act for another, execute
(business) for another
daihydsuru represent, stand for;
typify
f^SA dairinin representative, deputy,
7
£
proxy
Kjit daigi popular representation
daigishi member of the Diet [House
of Representatives]
daida pinch-hitting; pinch hitter
— daitai enerugi alternative
[substitute] energy
К;Й1(=®т1^{^Й1) taisha (=shinchintaisha)
metabolism; renewal, regeneration
daimeishi pronoun
Ъ kotaisuru relieve (a person), take
turns, alternate
0 generation, lifetime
RR daidai generation after generation
sedai generation
©0 age, era, times
© suffix indicating years spanning a specific
period: -ies, the...-hundreds
a jidai age, era, period; antiquity
IJI'A gendai present age, modern times, to-
day
kodai ancient times, antiquity, remote
ages
nendai age, era, period; date
b	sen kyuhyaku-nen dai the
1900's
0 [also suffix] (price charged) charge, fare, rate,
fee, price, rent
Klsiz daikin charge, fee, price
hoterudai charge for staying at a
hotel
mudai free of charge
37 9 Z/—R takushidai taxi fare
ЙЁК; jidai land rent, rental
pBUR heyadai room rent
11
0018
Е2-3
1	---------------------------------------
[KUN]
[kawa г и	substitute, be substi-
f—, tuted for (a person), take the place of
{	kawarugawaru by turns, aI-
ternately
Л 5® TfWo ТЖ 5 chichioyani
j	kawatteiu speak for one’s father
z	..ХШТ.. .nikawatte for..., in place
V	of..., instead of...
1Л Л Ic R Ъ Ъ Kikai да jinryoku ni
kawaru Machinery takes the place of
human labor
[kawari Rt)0]
O0 substitution, substitute
0 substitute, deputy, proxy
о	0 LT chichi no kawari to
shite in place of one’s father
ь 0 migawari substitution; substitute,
stand-in; scapegoat
0 compensation, exchange
Ф < Rt? 0 IC й: Ъ aruku kawari ni
hashiru run instead of walk
4oRt?^9 okawari second helping
[-gawari -Rt) 0 ] [suffix] substitute, re-
placement
{iPJrSRt? 0 jOshorokugawari substitute
for an address book
[kaeru RX.-6] substitute, use in place of,
replace (something) with (another)
RA. kae substitute, proxy
..JzRAT.. .nikaete instead of..., in
place of...
Bg^Aj^Ac^ZiATRA-S bi-sanоё-sanni
kaeru substitute Mr. A for Mr. В
[yo R] era of rule, age
AclEOR taishonoyo Taishoera
I4?o^Je0R(T meijitenndnoyoni un-
der the rule of Emperor Meiji
[shirO1 R] COSt, CHARGE
iW^OR kusuri no shiro cost of medicine
i$C<AR nomishiro drinking money
[shiro2 R] [in compounds] substitute, sym-
bol
Jl'OR^r minoshirokin ransom
[HOMOPHONES]
kawaru
# REPLACE =>1780
Ш EXCHANGE =>0429
CHANGE =>1311
kawari
# REPLACE =>1780
Ш EXCHANGE =>0429
CHANGE =>1311
kaeru
# REPLACE =>1780
Ж EXCHANGE =>0429
CHANGE =>1311
kae
§ REPLACE =>1780
Ж EXCHANGE =>0429
CHANGE =>1311
yo Ш WORLD =>2178
0019
В1-2-3
► ATTACH
FU tsu(keru) -tsu(keru) -zu(keru)
tsu(ke) tsu(ke)- -tsu(ke) -zu(ke)
-zuke tsu(ku) -zu(ku) tsu(ki)
-tsu(ki) -tsuki -zu(ki) -zuki
{	Jdyd-4	S5-2-3	K4153
9	A0258	®31	U4ED8
1	2	3	4	5
IcompoundsI
O0 attach, append, add to, affix
0 attach ed, additional, supplementary
0 [original meaning] attach itself to, stick to,
adhere to
a 'b fuki suru add, write in addition
fukasuru add, supplement
Й'МтГ-Ь tenpusuru attach, append, annex
chofu (=tenpu) suru stick, paste,
append
b TfS furoku appendix, supplement
Tf Ж fugen postscript, additional remarks
{'ГИ fuzu attached map, appended figure
[graph]
f'tUJ fusoku additional rules, bylaw
c	fuchakusuru adhere [cling] to,
agglutinate; cohere
0 be ATTACHed to, belong to, be affiliated
with; be incidental to
{'fS'lT'?) fuzokusuru be attached to,
belong to
0019
12
ft'lffi't"^ fuzuisuru accompany, be inciden-
tal to, be annexed to
{^•^0 futaino incidental, accessory, collat-
eral
0 deliver, hand over, grant
fuyosuru give, grant, allow, be-
stow
Wft*T<5 kifusuru contribute, donate
5fft* kofu delivery, grant, transfer, service
£nft*T<5 kyufusuru make a presentation,
grant, pay
sbfusuru send, remit
Eft”^^) haifusuru distribute, deal out
0 adjacent, near to
ft*ifi fukin neighborhood, environs, vicinity
[KUN]
[tsukeru ft*W*£J
О attach, affix, stick, fasten, add (on), ap-
pend; set, put (one thing on another)
tsukekuwaeru add
ft* Id* S'?" tsuketasu add on, append
< o ft* W*Ъ kuttsukeru join, attach; paste,
glue
iff ft* H* kitsuke dressing, fitting
□ у	ft* W*koppu ni kuchi о
tsukeru put one's lips to a glass
© apply, put on
^^rft*H*<5 kusuri о tsukeru apply medi-
cine
© leave a mark on
йс^-^ft*It*shimiо tsukeru stain, blot,
smudge
0 write, make an entry
ft* tsukekomu take advantage of;
make an entry
liRM^ft*^^ chobo ni tsukeru enter in a
book
©0 give, impart, direct (one's attention)
© set (a price)
a 7LM^ft*(t*<b genki о tsukeru give courage
to, encourage
Ж ft* Id* urazuke guarantee, endorsement;
support, backing; substantiation, proof
b fit lx iWj < ft* &nedan о takaku
tsukeru put a high price on
© provide (a person) with an attendant, place
a person in attendance (on)
® ® ft* goei о tsukeru provide (a
2-3 E
--------------------------------------------- 1
person) with a bodyguard
О follow, trail, shadow
fjc ft* W*& ato о tsukeru follow, tag along
© settle, bring to terms
Й ft* hanashi о tsukeru settle a mat-
ter; negotiate, arrange
0 unclassified compounds
Sft* uketsuke receipt, reception, acceptance;
receptionist, information clerk; informa- V
tion office [desk]	»
[-tsukeru -ft*ld*3]
О be accustomed [used] to
jK^ft*ld*TV^ yomitsukete iru be accus-
tomed to reading
0 perform an action vigorously [vehemently]
PEX 0 ft* Id*-5 shikaritsukeru scold away,
rebuke strongly, bawl out
ft* Id*<5 yattsukeru colloq attack, beat;
let someone have it; kill
© perceive, detect
M cf ft* W**?) kikitsukeru hear, catch (the
sound)
[-zukeru -ft*Id*<5 J [verbal suffix] give, impart,
provide with
filltft*W*^> ichizukeru locate, position
Mf^fW^ kankeizukeru connect with,
relate to
[tsuke ft* Id*] bill; account, credit
ft* Id*& JA *5 tsuke о harau pay a bill
ft* (d^H □ tsuke de kau buy on credit
[tsuke- ft*W*-l
O0 attach ed, fixed
© external (medicine)
a ft* Id*Йх tsukehimo sash attached to child's
clothes
b ft*W*^W tsukegusuri external medicine
0 false (mustache), sham
ft*^t^tx tsukehige false mustache [beard]
[ -tsu ke -ft* Id*] one's favorite, accustomed
ff с*- ft*	ikitsuke no basho one's
favorite place
[-zuke -ft* -ft*]
О ATTACHing, affixing
SOxft*ld* norizuke pasting
0 [suffix] dated
Л В ft* ydkazuke dated the eighth
13
0019
П2-3
1 [tsuku tt<]
OO attach itself to, stick (to), adhere (to); be
connected with
/	0 come in contact with, touch, reach
a $n£/fac^ musubitsuki connection, relation,
alliance
>	< fa < kuttsuku stick (to), cling, adhere
0®x<W < kamitsuku bite [snap] at
V b jfifa < chikazuku approach, near, get near;
get acquainted
Hfa <C oitsuku overtake, catch up with
0 be ATTACHed to, belong to, join, associate
with; take up the cause of
fa cT la О tsukiau keep company with, get
along with
fa£ o'И tsukiai friendship, association
Й& fa < teki ni tsuku take the side of the
enemy
0 gain (weight, power), become proficient,
grow (wise)
I^J^fa < niku да tsuku gain [put on]
weight
О attend on, go with, accompany
fac^Ssd tsukisou accompany, attend on,
escort
0 be installed, be built
SBS^'faV^ZL Denwa да tsuita A tele-
phone was installed
0 be written, be registered
chomen ni tsuite iru be
written [entered] in a book
0 be perceived [detected]
S£fa< me ni tsuku catch one's eye, at-
tract one's attention
Mfa < kizuku notice, become aware of, find
out
0 catch fire, be ignited
^(.Z^'fa < hi да tsuku catch fire, be ignited
0 take (root)
ne да tsuku take [strike] root
0 cost, amount to
< fa < yasuku tsuku come cheaper
0 be settled, be established
ofi^'faX hanashi да tsuku come to terms,
reach agreement
[-zuku -fa < ] [verbal suffix]
О gain
t^~Ffa < choshizuku warm up; be elated,
be puffed up
0 become
TtMfa genkizuku become heightened in
spirits, get encouraged; recover one's
strength
[tsuki fa cf] ability to stick, impression
(quality of printing)
fa сГ/Л Д V tsuki да yoi stay well (on)
[-tsuki -faaT, -fa] [also suffix]
0 with, including
AXfaGfOpRll basutsuki no heya room
with bath
JOJ^facS^ kigentsukino with a fixed time,
with a deadline
0 appearance, state, condition
Ж fa gS kaotsuki face, countenance; expres-
sion, look
1=1 fa gS metsuki look in one's eyes, expres-
sion
[-zuki -facS, -fa] [suffix] ATTACHed to
^ffiiBfa	taishikanzuki bukan mili-
tary officer attached to the embassy
[HOMOPHONES']
tsukeru
ffl" ATTACH =><8>347
St PUT ON =>2086
gfc SET ABOUT =>1113
ЙР IMMEDIATE =><8)1120
Д POINT =><8>2084
jJt PICKLE =>0496
-zuke Ж PICKLE =>0496
tsuku
KJ АПАСН =>®347
PUT ON =>2086
SET ABOUT =>1113
ЙР IMMEDIATE =>®1120
POINT =>®2084
0020
E1-2-3
► IMMORTAL MOUNTAIN
FAIRY
SEN Ц] nori soma hisa
Joyo	S5-2-3	K3271
C1026	®32	U4ED9
/				
0020
14
[COMPOUNDS]
0 transcendent immortal fairy living in the
mountains and capable of performing
miracles, Taoist immortal, supernatural be-
ing
0 hermit, recluse
oflllA sennin immortal mountain fairy; hermit,
unworldly person
{ill® senjutsu fairy magic
{ШШ senkyd fairyland, enchanted land
^{ih shinsen supernatural being
b Й{|11 shusen hermit who enjoys drinking; son
of Bacchus
f±
0021
E1-2-3
► SERVE
► DO
SHI JI tsuka(eru) Щ tsuko
<	Jdyd-3	S5-2-3	K2737
9	A0431	®34	U4ED5
2-3 E
--------------------------------------------- q
{±Atl shiire purchasing, stocking	1
{±Й 0	shiokurisuru supply, provide;
send money to
shimai end, conclusion, close
/$&{i kyQji office boy, page (boy), waiter; serv- {
ice at table
[KUN]
[tsukaeru {±X_ <5 ] serve (under), take 7
service under, enter the service of the shogun- V
ate
A miyazukae court service
A Ж < {± А Ъ otto ni yoku tsukaeru be
devoted [attentive] to one's husband
^^{iA-S kami ni tsukaeru serve God
S3Z{ix/T nikun ni tsukaezu not serve
two masters
[HOMOPHONES]
shiawase
=>1408
Wit =>0088
{i'nbit =>0021,1274
1	2
IcompoundsI
О serve (under), take service under, enter the
government service
ttW shikan entering the government serv-
ice; find service with (a lord)
hoshi attendance, service
l±j{±T^) shusshisuru enter the service of;
attend (one's office)
0 used for shi as the second (continuative) base of
the verb suru: DO
ft Ж shigoto work, employment, business
shitate tailoring, dressmaking
shikata way, method, means
tfcfy V shikata да nai have no choice;
it is no use; cannot bear
ft Ж shite doer; protagonist in a noh drama;
operator, speculator
shikumi construction; arrangement-
plan, plot
shiage finish,elaboration,comple-
tion
ft Ж L shikaeshi doing over, tit for tat, re-
venge
tt'atDii’ shiawase happiness, blessing;
good fortune
shiireru lay in, stock
0022
В1-2-3
► OTHER
TA
Jdyd-3	S5-2-3	K3430
B0554	®35	U4ED6
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also prefix] othef^ another
0 others, other people
а {Й A taho other side [hand]
{ЙЖ tai other intention, secret purpose, ulte-
rior motive
{ЙА tanin another person, other people;
stranger
{ЙИ takoku foreign countries, another prov-
ince
{Й^Р tanen some other year, some day
{ЙЙЖ tafuken other prefectures
{Й# tasha another person, other people
{Й® tamen other side; while, whereas; on
the other hand
b {ЙЙ tasatsu homicide, murder
#Ё{ЙИ/£ haitatekina exclusive, clannish
15
0021-0022
2-3
[INDEPENDENT!
[ta ffi] others, other people; other things,
the rest
ftfiCD s"tanogenni
madowasareru be led astray by others'
opinion
'C'CDffi sono ta the others, the rest
► ADD
KA kuwa(eru) kuwa(waru)
Ц] masu
0023
El-2-3
	Jdyd-4	S5-2-3	K1835
19	A0150	®38	U52A0
7 # #1
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 add, append
0 ADD to, increase
О math add, sum up
а ЙПЙ* kasoku acceleration
ЙПЖйЁ kasokudo acceleration
kamisuru tinge with, add to
b	tsuikasuru add, append, supple-
ment
zdka increase, gain, rise
с ЙПЖ kasan addition
ini® kagen addition and subtraction; degree,
extent; adjustment
0 affect, influence, inflict
JUl kako processing, manufacturing
JUWW kagaisha assailant, assaulter
0 join, take part in, participate
Wjm. kamei participation, affiliation
tlDA^ kanyukin admission fee
WS katan assistance, support, participation
sankasuru participate, join, take
partin
[KUN]
[kuwaeru ЙПА&] vt add, append; add, sum
up, increase; include, count in
fa fa W A <5 tsukekuwaeru add
5 (C A in A Jz Go ni roku о kuwaeyo
Add six to five
{ФПШЗЙА'Ь nakama ni kuwaeru include
in the circle
[kuwawaru idЪЪ] v/join in, participate;
gain (in), grow, increase
kaiginikuwawaru take part
in a conference
► ICE
HYO kori hi
0024
D1-2-3
zK	Jdyd-3	S5-4-1	K4125
85	C1542	<8>39	U6C37
] '] /] 7? A
ICOMPOUNDSl
• ICE
ЖМ hyoga glacier
>j<|_JL| hyozan iceberg
Ж® hyosetsu ice and snow
ШЖ juhyd trees covered with ice
5ЙЖ seihyd ice making
[kun]
[kori Ж J [also suffix] ice, shaved ice
ЖЙЕ korimakura ice pillow
ЖЖ korimizu ice water; shaved ice
ЖЖЖ korigashi frozen sweet, ice candy
bukkakigori chipped ice
[hi Ж] ice, hail
А Ж hisame elegant hail; chilly rain (esp. in
autumn)
[note]
★do not confuse with A eternal =>1230
► TO THE...OF
► BY MEANS OF
I mot(te)A
Л	Jdyd-4	S5-2-3	K1642
9	A0144	®41	U4EE5
1	У		>7	7Л
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О directional preposition placed before localizers to
indicate the point of reference in compounds re-
lated to direction, time or range: to the...of,
-ward
ЕАЖ ito to the east of, eastward
0023-0025
16
ijo or more than, not less than; beyond;
the above-mentioned; now that; that's
all
irai as of, since then, from that time on
ika or less than, not more than, under;
and downward; the following
igaini except for, excluding
inai within, less than
НЦ izen before, ago, since
iko on and after, hereafter
igo after this, from now on, in future;
after that, thereafter
0 by means of, with, using
ishindenshin silent [tacit] under-
standing, empathy
|KUNl
[motte ] with, by means of; because
of; with this
motte suru do by the use of
Ф 7J	код a tan a о motte korosu
kill (a person) with a knife
ill rWj cf	yama takaki о motte be-
cause the mountain is high
I®x I/ Motte meisubeshi You
ought to be content with this
motte no hoka outrageous, pre-
posterous, scandalous
► CUT DOWN
BATSU
0026		Joyo	S6-2-4	K4018
E1-2-4	9	D1882	®42	U4F10
1	2	3	4	5	6
[compounds!
О сит down (trees), fell, chop down
bassaisuru lumber, fell, deforest
A batsuboku felling, cutting, logging
ranbatsu suru deforest indiscrimi-
nately, cut down [fell] trees recklessly
Stic tobatsu secret felling of trees
© cut down (one's enemies), strike down,
send a punitive expedition against, attack
satsubatsuna bloody, savage, war-
like
tEffe seibatsu subjugation, conquest
2-4 Д
—----------------------------------------- 1
tobatsu suppression (of a rebellion), 1
punitive expedition
0027
El-2-4
► INTERMEDIARY
► PERSONAL RELATIONS
CHU naka HO nakaba
	Jdyd-4	S6-2-4	K3571
9	B0933	®43	U4EF2
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
Ф intermediary, middleman, mediator
chukaisha intermediary, mediator,
agent
{ФЖЛ chusainin arbitrator, mediator
[kun]
[пака {ф]
О PERSONAL RELATIONS, relationship,
(familiar) terms, fellowship, friendship
{Ф	пака да yoi be on good terms
{Ф Д < nakayoku suru become friendly
with, make friends with
{ФГв1 nakama company, fellow, comrade, as-
sociate
{ФИ «9 nakanaori reconciliation
^{Ф koinaka love relationship
0 intermediary, go-between
{Ф [С А Ъ пака ni hairu act as an intermedi-
ary
{ФЖ nakagai brokerage; middleman
1ФЖА nakagainin broker
{ФЙ^> nakadachi intermediation
{ФВ nakai parlormaid, waitress
[SPECIAL READINGS]
{ФА nakddo go-between, matchmaker
iHOMOPHONESl
пака Ф MIDDLE =>2150
0028
В1-2-4
► TRANSMIT
DEN tsuta(waru) tsuta(eru)
tsuta(u) -zuta(i) Щ tsuta tsutae
tsutomu tada
{	Jdyd-4	S6-2-4	K3733
9	A0425	(8)44	U4F1D
17
0026-0028
Е 2-4
1РJИ~~ ifelfelfel
12	3	4	5	6
— ICOMPOUNDSI
{ 0 (convey from one person or place to another)
У transmit, convey, pass on, communicate,
'	initiate
|5 0 (pass down by inheritance) transmit, hand
j	down
7 G (disseminate information or religious teachings)
spread, propagate, transmit, teach
a fejUTT-?) dentatsusuru transmit, convey,
communicate; propagate
fe3< densen contagion, infection, communi-
cation (of a disease)
feW dengon verbal message, word
denjusuru instruct, initiate
chugoku-denraino imported
[transmitted] from China
®fe jikiden direct initiation
b fe|£ dento tradition, convention
feSS densetsu legend,folktale
fezRTЪ densho suru hand down, tell from
generation to generation
J^L'fe'L? ishindenshin silent [tacit] under-
standing, empathy
mfe iden hereditary transmission
c fell dendo gospel preaching, missionary
work, evangelism
life senden publicity, propaganda; adver-
tisement
[KUN]
[tsutawaru fetJ'S] be transMiTted
[conveyed], spread, be propagated; be
handed down, go [come] down, descend
X a.—X /O^fe Ъ O tz Nyusu да tsutawatta
The news went around
Kif^fetD-S daidai tsutawaru be transmit-
ted [handed down] from generation to
generation
[tsutaeru feA<5]
O0 (convey from one person or place to another)
transmit, convey, pass on, communicate,
initiate
0 (pass down by inheritance) transmit, hand
down
G (disseminate information or religious teach-
ings) spread, propagate, transmit, teach
a ^feA.<E) meirei о tsutaeru pass the
word
b gHfaA iitsutae tradition, legend
c +1J X ЬЙkirisutokyd о
tsutaeru introduce Christianity
0 phys transmit, conduct, convey
^&^feA<5 netsu о tsutaeru conduct heat
[tsutau fe 5 ] go along, follow
fe О Ъ tsutatte noboru climb up, shin
up_
[-zutai -faH] [also suffix] along
ЛI fe И (Z kawazutai ni along a river
[SPECIAL READINGS]
feMflti tenmasen lighter, jolly (boat)
=Ffe □ tetsudau help, assist, lend a hand
^feH tetsudai help; assistant
4o¥feH otetsudai help, assistance; maid
4o^feV^$/u otetsudaisan maid, house
maid
R
0029
E1-2-4
► PROSTRATE
FUKU fu(seru) fu(su) Щ fushi fuse
	Joyo	S6-2-4	K4190
9	C1445	®45	U4F0F
7 f fefefefe
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] prostrate (oneself), fall
prostrate, lie down, bend down
ЧЧЛТГ-?) heifukusuru prostrate oneself
(before), kiss the ground
kifuku ups and downs, undulations
tofuku falling down
0 submit to, yield to
JsUPk kuppuku submission, surrender
IW'W kofuku surrender, submission
BtR shakubuku preaching down
0 lie in concealment, hide
{РкЙ fukuhei ambush, troops in ambush
fukusen preparation, foreshadow
ittft'R shifuku remaining in obscurity, lying
low, biding one's time
senpuku concealment, hiding; latency
0029
18
2-4 Д
IKON]
[fuseru $•&-?>]
00 turn downward, lay upside down, turn
over
0 lay under the ground
a	mi o fuseru lie face down
tokifuseru argue down, per-
suade, convince
b	machibuseru lie in wait, am-
bush, conceal oneself in ambush
© keep secret
fuseji omission, blank, asterisk
[fusu RT] prostrate, fall prostrate, lie
down, bend down
Ь @ fushime downcast look
CNtlRT hirefusu prostrate oneself before a
person
IHOMQPHONESI
fuseru EV =>®1440
► PERFORMER
Gl KI |U kure
0030
E1-2-4
1	Names	S6-2-4	K2076
9	C1537	<B>46	U4F0E
ICOMPOUNDSl
О PERFORMER, actor
gigaku ancient mask show
kabuki kabuki
© [original meaning] skill, ability, craft, art
giryo skill, ability, capacity
► RANK
GO Ц] itsu kumi atsumu
0031
El-2-4
	Names	S6-2-4	K2464
9	D1808	®47	U4F0D
EompoundsI
© Rank, file, line
taigo ranks, line array, formation
rakugosuru straggle, drop out of
line, fall out of the ranks
sentogo leading file
► LOOK UP
GYO KO ao(gu) o(se)
	Joyo	S6-2-4	K2236
9	D1641	®48	U4EF0
|CUIVirUUINU2>|
О [original meaning] look up, face upward
gyoshisuru lookup
gyokaku angle of elevation
wev gyoga lying face up
Ъ gyoten suru be astounded
© look up to, respect, revere
Ъ shinkosuru believe in, have faith
[KUN]
[aogu {Ф < ] look up, face upward; look up
to, respect; turn to, ask for; drink
aogimiru lookup
fflllRHj' aomuke facing upward
Й® {fll <' shi to aogu look up to (a person)
as one's preceptor
1Й t=J SfflK" jogen о aogu ask for advice
S doku о aogu take poison
[ose ] statement, wishes or command of
a superior
77 ose ni shitagatte in obedi-
ence to your wishes, as you say
osetsukaru be ordered, be ap-
pointed
0033
В1-2-4
► PHONETIC [i]
► ITALY
I Ц] kore yoshi tada
	Names	S6-2-4	K1643
9	B0689	®49	U4F0A
ICOMPOUNDSl
О used PHONETically for /, esp. in proper
names
itari Italy
iroha iroha, the Japanese syllabary
[alphabet]
© ITALY
В 8UF nichidokui Japan, Germany and Italy
19
0030-0033
Е 2-4
1 ------------------------------------------
1 lifF chiii stationed in Italy
[SPECIAL READINGS)
f—,	datesha dandy, coxcomb, beau
► TEMPORARY
KA KE kari kari-
я 0034
_ E1-2-4
{	Joyd-5	S6-2-4	K1830
9	C1072	®50	U4EEE
' -f
1	2	3	4	5	6
IcompoundsI
О temporary, provisional, transient
{Й1хО kosetsuno provisional, temporary;
hypothetic
'(ЙИЕ kamin nap, doze
{ЙЙЕ katei assumption, supposition
{Й1Й kasetsu hypothesis
{ЙЙ5 kashd temporary name
{Й^Е kashi suspended animation, apparent
death
{ЙйЙШ kasei-kinshi false nearsightedness,
pseudomyopia
0 fake, false, sham, feigned, pseudo
'(ЙЙ kamen mask, disguise
{Й^ kasd disguise, fancy dress
{Й^л kamei pseudonym, alias
{ЙЙ kebyo feigned illness
[KUN]
[kari 4Й] provisional,temporary; assumed
{Й kari ni provisionally, tentatively; for ex-
ample; supposing that
{ЙФ^з karinona assumed name,alias
[kari- (Й-J [also prefix] temporary, provi-
sional
karizumai temporary residence
{ЙВ^тЙ karikeiyaku provisional contract
[SPECIAL READINGS]
'(Й^з капа капа, Japanese syllabary
{Й TfA tatoe even if, granting that
0035
В1-2-4
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
► MATTER
KEN
I	Jdyd-5	S6-2-4	K2379
9	A0246	®51	U4EF6
0 matter, affair, case, incident, item
0 counter for cases or affairs
a —ikken matter, affair, item
Я1 yoken matter (of business), things to be
done
A^St jinkenhi personnel expenses, labor
cost
^Я1 joken condition; item, proviso
ЖЯ1 jiken affair, incident, case, event
ЖЯ1 anken matter, case, item
yoken important matter; necessary con-
dition
ЗОЯ1 bekken separate case, another matter
b kensu number ofcases or items
S+Я1 gojikken 50 cases, 50 items
[INDEPENDENT!
[ken matter, affair, case
(Z)^ rei no ken the matter you have been
talking about
Л
0036
E1-2-4
► REST
KYU yasu(mu) yasu(maru)
yasu(meru) [Ц yasumi
Joyo-1	S6-2-4	K2157
B0659	®52	U4F11
' Ft
[compounds!
O0 [original meaning] rest, repose, relax
© abbrev. of Wix куйка or ЛЖ куйдуд:
holiday, vacation, suspension of business,
day off
а kyukei rest, repose
ЛШ kyUsoku rest, repose
ЛИ куйуб rest, recuperation, relaxation
Л]Ъ kyushi pause, standstill, dormancy; rest
0034-0036
20
2-4 П
0 kyujitsu holiday, day off
куйка holiday, vacation
куйдуд suspension of business
ft;ill kyQkazan dormant volcano
Ф 0 honjitsu kyushin Office Closed
Today (sign at doctor's office)
b 18^ renkyu consecutive holidays
shukyu weekly holiday
teikyu regular holiday
ЙйЛ rinkyu extra [special] holiday
jUlfc sankyu maternity leave
0 suspend, discontinue; cancel
ЖКТЪ куйеп suru suspend performance
kyukai adjournment, recess (of the Diet)
kyusen truce, armistice
'йчёй куйко cancellation of lecture (for the
day)
{US куйко temporary closure of school
куйдаки leave ofabsence (from school)
iSSk ипкуй suspension of (bus) service
kanwakyudai to return to the sub-
ject
[KUN]
[yasumu rest, take a rest, repose;
suspend, discontinue; be absent; go to bed,
retire
yasumi rest, recess; suspension; vaca-
tion, holiday; absence
Ж ft <7^ hiruyasumi noon recess, lunch break
Ji[ ft <7^ natsuyasumi summer vacation
4oft<7A&$H oyasuminasai good night
[yasumaru ft feel RESTed; be set at
ease
ft /O^ft Ъ karada да yasumaru be [feel]
rested
[yasumeru ft$)<5] rest, give a rest; sus-
pend; set (a person's mind) at ease
fl'ft^) honeyasume relaxation, recreation
xkft&d kiyasume soothing, consolation
[HOMOPHONES |
yasumaru S peaceful =>1373
0037
E1-2-4
► OFFICE
► LEAVE TO
NIN maka(seru) maka(su) Щ jin
tsutomu taka hide
Joyo-5	S6-2-4	K3904
A0218	®53	U4EFB
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 office, duties, official post
© duty, responsibility
0 take a duty upon oneself, assume respon-
sibility
а {£S0 ninki one's term of office
shunin assumption of office, inaugura-
tion
S?tt jinin resignation
iaft ryunin remaining in office
IMzEftЪ funin suru proceed to a new post
Й?{£ kainin release from office, dismissal, dis-
charge
b ninmu duty, part, function; mission
Wffi sekinin responsibility, liability
Ж ft junin heavy responsibility, important
duty; reappointment
с fiftf%> tannin suru be in charge of, take (a
class) under one's charge
0 person holding an office
Ж ft shunin person in charge, head, chief
konin successor, replacement
0 appoint (to an office), nominate, place
ft^ ninmei appointment, nomination
iifftft<5 senninsuru select and appoint,
assign [nominate] a person to a post
00 leave (up) to, entrust to, entrust with
0 leave a matter to take its own course,
leave a person to himself, leave alone
aftj&O nin'ino optional, voluntary, discre-
tionary; arbitrary
Uftft'S inin suru entrust, delegate, com-
mit
ft ft shinnin confidence,trust,credence
ft ft <5 ichinin suru leave (a matter) to (a
person), entrust (a person) with the task
(of)
b tfCft ft-6 honin suru leave (a matter) to take
its own course, leave (a person) to
21
0037
П 2-4
1 ------------------------------------------
1	himself
[kun]
— [makaseru f£'tt&J leave (up) to, entrust
j to, entrust with; leave a matter to take its own
course, leave a person to himself, leave alone
A AftAA un о ten ni makaseru re-
P	sign oneself to one's fate, leave to
chance
' Afiit hitomakase leaving matters up to
* others
[makasu same as makaseru f£i±<5
А" Ж HA fiE: "A Banji kimi ni makasu I leave
everything in your hands
0038
E1-2-4
► NEXT
JI SHI tsu(gu) tsugi Щ tsuguru
	Jdyd-3	S6-4-2	K2801
76	A0223	®54	U6B21
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] NEXT, following, subsequent
A0 jikai next time
AJ® jiki next term
AH jigo next issue
А Ж jishU next week
A AS jinendo next (fiscal) year
0 next in order or rank:
0 second
0 secondary, sub-, vice, deputy, assistant
a Af§ Jinan second son
jijo second daughter
A(i jii second rank, second place
b АЖ jikan vice-minister, undersecretary
А Д jicho assistant director
АЙ? jiseki next in rank, associate
ЙАЙ^ fukujitekina secondary
00 order, sequence, arrangement
© math (degree) order, degree
0 suffix indicating numerical order or num-
ber of times
a АЖ shidai order; circumstances, reasons; as
soon as
АЖ^ shidai ni gradually, by degrees
[III A junji order, turn; gradually
sekiji order of seats, seating precedence;
class standing
El A mokuji table of contents
b AtC jigen dimension
c ichijino first, primary; math linear, of
the first degree
Ж ААШ^ТкЙ dainiji sekai taisen World
Warll
[KUN]
[tsugu AC] rank next to, come next [after]
АНТГ tsuide next, secondly; subsequently
A C aitsugu succeed one another
IX ^9 A "x toritsugu act as agent; transmit;
answer the door
[tsugi A]
О next, following
A A	tsugitsugi ni one after another, in
succession
0 post town
A A A tdkaido gojusantsugi
fifty-three stages on the Tokaido high-
way in former Japan
IHOMOPHONES]
tsugu
Ж SUCCEED =>0919
fic CONTACT =>0368
ft POUR =>®325
tsugi Ш SUCCEED =>0919
В1-2-4
0039
D1-2-4
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-3-4: [5 at 0203
► STATE
SHU su Ц] kuni
JH	Jdyd-3	S6-3-3	K2903
47	A0351	®57	U5DDE
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 state (as of the U.S. or Brazil), province (of
Canada)
© suffix after names of states
a MKW shuseifu state government
Al AAA shuritsu-daigaku state-run
0038-0039
22
college
shQto state capital
b	tekisasushu State of Texas
U * ТГ * >? V □ 4'H rio de janeiro-
shu State of Rio de Janeiro
[INDEPENDENT!
[shu STATE
j'N О7Ё shu no hana state flower
[KUN]
[su ffl] sandbar, shallows, shoal
НЙМ sankakusu delta
ftW'H sasu sandbar, sandbank
| HOMOPHONES |
SU SANDBAR =>0291
0040
E1-2-5
► OLDER SIBLING OF PARENT
► COUNT
HAKU [Ц eki hiro nori ho о
Joyo	S7-2-5	K3976
D1661	®59	U4F2F
7 .4
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
[compounds!
О older sibling of one’s parent, unde, aunt
{Й5£ hakufu(=oji) uncle (older than one's
parent)
1ЙЭ hakubo(=oba) aunt (older than one's
parent)
00 count, earl
0 title after names of counts or earls
4Й11 hakushaku count, earl
b ЙЦЙИЙ maejimahaku Count Maejima
[SPECIAL READINGS]
1ЙЗ£ o/7 uncle (older than one's parent)
<Йв oba aunt (older than one's parent)
0041
Ю1-2-5
► ACCOMPANY
HAN BAN tomona(u) [Ц tomo
Joyo	S7-2-5	K4028
B0973	®60	U4F34
7 i '...J J'
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
2-5 E
,	-------------------------------- 1
[COMPOUNDS]
0 (go along with) accompany, go with, attend
on
ffW banso accompaniment	|
oshoban participation
ddhansuru accompany, go with
Ъ zuihan suru attend, accompany, J
follow
[KUN]	P
[tomonau {¥ □ ] (go together with) accom-	\
pany, go with, attend
SjS'&ffoT? tomodachi о tomonatte ac-
companied by a friend
0042
В1-2-5
► RANK
► POSITION
I kurai1 kurai2 gurai
	Jdyd-4	S7-2-5	K1644
9	A0281	®61	U4F4D
[compounds!
О [also suffix] RANK, place, grade, position,
station
chii position, status, post, social stand-
ing
jun'i order, rank, precedence
jdi higher rank, precedence
yui superiority, predominant position
WE shui first place, leading position
gakui academic degree
—‘E daiichii first place, foremost rank
IE—E shonii senior grade of second rank
0 [original meaning] position, location, place;
direction
ЕЯ ichi position, place
hoi direction, bearing
EE ten’i transposition, displacement
0 level, standard of quality
ME tan'i unit
□□E hin'i dignity, grace, nobility; grade, qual-
ity
0 term of respect
EE kakui gentlemen, sirs
23
0040-0042
Е2-5
i 77---------------------------------------
[KUN]
[kurai1 {i] rank, grade; dignity; the throne;
decimal place
j	{Й Ф й H A kurai no takai hito person of
high rank
*	kuraisuru rank, be ranked; be located
J {u ЯЙХ kurai ni tsuku ascend to the
throne
P — 0ichi no kurai the units
I, [kurai2, gurai ft]
О about, approximately
jippun-gurai about ten minutes
kore kuraino okisa about
this size
[KUN]
[niru ® <5 ] resemble, be alike, be similar
ЙТН6 niteiru look like, resemble
{£№<5 niseru imitate, copy; forge
{ИЖ nigao likeness, portrait
{йШй nigaoe portrait, likeness
Ш1В 5 nikayou resemble closely
9 niau befit, suit; match well
И0 niaino becoming, suitable; well-
matched
H funiai inaptitude, incongruity
[SPECIAL READINGS]
mane imitation, mimicry
0 particle indicating comparison or extent: as...as,
like
kore gurai this much
ЖЖ37 *7—V* tdkyo tawa gurai takai
as high as Tokyo Tower
<^'0{i dono kurai how much
Omaegurai
baka nayatsu wa inai It would be hard
to find an idiot like you
© at least
4эЖOre/gurai
itte mo yosaso da He might at least
thank me
0043
E1-2-5
► RESEMBLE
JI ni(ru) Щ ni
	Jdyd-5	S7-2-5	K2787
9	0196	®63	U4F3C
ICOMPOUNDSI
© [original meaning] resemble, be similar
лК'И'Ж'Ь ruijisuru resemble, be alike, be
similar
ВМШ kokuji close resemblance
soji similarity, resemblance
kinjisuru approximate to, resem-
ble closely
ЗП I/ V giji-korera suspected case of
cholera, para-cholera
► LIVE
JO su(mu) su(mau) -zu(mai)
Ц] sumi
0044	<	Jdyd-3	S7-2-5	K2927
E1-2-5	9	A0279	®64	U4F4F
7 4
[COMPOUNDS!
0 live, reside, dwell, inhabit
0 housing, residence, house, dwelling
a ttК jumin residents, dwellers
joky о house, dwelling, residence
jusho one's dwelling, address
jushoku Buddhist priest, chief priest
Й'ЁЁ'Т%> zaijusuru live, reside, dwell
Ъ kyojusuru live, dwell, reside
ijCisuru migrate, immigrate; move
b jutaku housing, dwelling house, resi-
dence
jutakuchi residential district
ishokuju food, clothing and shelter,
the necessities of life
[KUN]
[sumu lit?] (of people) live, reside, dwell
ft А Ж sumika residence
sumitsuku settle, take up resi-
dence
[sumau '□J dwell, live, reside in
sumai living; dwelling, house
[-zumai
0 [suffix] living
0043-0044
24
0 dwelling, residence
а Е0ЙИЕЁ V danchizumai living in a housing
complex
b	karizumai temporary residence
IHOMQPHONESI
sumu ST =^®989
0045
E1-2-5
► WHAT
► HOW MANY
KA nani nan nani- nan- Щ ga
aga
	Jdyd-2	S7-2-5	K1831
9	A0359	®65	U4F55
ICOMPOUNDSl
• what, which
§tfa^ kikagaku geometry
nf^faA-?) suikasuru challenge (an un-
known person), ask a person's identity
[kun]
[nani, nan MJ what, which, whatever
—used also in the formation of various interroga-
tive pronouns
fa nandaka somewhat, a little; some-
how; what's what
faBvp’CT& Nanji desu ka What time is it?
fa's ZuZl Nani itterunda What's the
idea [story]?
faZ)^ nanika something, some, any
fai£<h nanikato in various ways
fa^? nanra whatever; (not) any, (not) in any
way
fa A nande why, what for
fa<h nanto what; how
Й L5 nanishiro anyhow, at any rate; as you
know
naniyori above all, before everything
else
fa“Ct) nandemo anything, whatever
faT nante what, how; What.../How...!
fa nantoka somehow or other, one way
or another
fa <h nantonaku in some way, some-
how
fa nantomo not... at all; nothing
2-5 П
------------------------------------------- 1
faM^ < nanigenaku casually, as if nothing 1
had happened
fa^Bf nanimono who, what kind of man
faSfc naniyue why, how
faW nanigoto whatever, what
fa^ nanitozo please (be so kind as to)	у
[nani-, nan- fa-] [also prefix]	j
О HOW MANY	*
faK nando how many degrees; how many P
times	।
fa A nannin how many people	7
• several, some, odd
fa A nanju several tens
fa3 nanbyaku several hundred, hundreds
fa A nanzen several thousand, thousands
faWfej nanjikan several hours
[SPECIAL READINGS]
fa£T naze why, for what reason
fa5& A A nazeka for some reason (or other)
faScZib* nazenara because
$DfaA ikaga how; what
#DfaA ikan what; how
$Dfa(Z A ika ni how, in what way
faEHf A itsumo always, usually; inevitably
fl®
0046
В1-2-5
► PHONETIC [ga]
KA GA KYA togi
Names	S7-2-5	K1832
D2284	®65.5	U4F3D
ICOMPOUNDSl
• used PHONETiCally forgo, ka, kya, esp. in
the transliteration of Sanskrit Buddhist
terms
ft^ garan Buddhist temple, cathedral
[KUN]
[togi ft] keep company by talking before
sleep
fflftffllx otogibanashi fairy tale, nursery tale
25
0045-0046
П2-5
► MUSICIAN
REI Щ ryd
	Names	S7-2-5	K4666
9	D2810	®66	U4F36
J ICOMPOUNDSl
К 0 [original meaning] musician, court musician,
*	performer of court music, minstrel; actor
\ fp A reijin minstrel, court musician
h—<	{pW reikan court musician
fpffi ге/уй actor
0048
В1-2-5
► ASSIST
► FIELD OFFICER
SA Ц] suke tasuku
<	Joyo	S7-2-5	K2620
9	A0422	®67	U4F50
ICOMPOUNDSl
О assist, aid, second
sabakuha supporters of the shogun
hosasuru assist, help
0 (military officer or rank below sho 0336
(general officer) and above Ж /1105 (company
officer) roughly equiv. to colonel or major (U.S.
ranking)) field officer
fcW sakan field officer
А{Ё taisa (army) colonel, (navy) captain
Ф& chusa (army) lieutenant colonel, (navy)
commander
shosa (army) major, (navy) lieutenant
commander
0049
El-2-5
► MAKE
► WORK
SAKU SA tsuku(ru) tsuku(ri)
-zuku(ri)
Jdyd-2	S7-2-5	K2678
A0114	®68	U4F5C
> 1 У
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
О MAKE, produce, manufacture
{'ЁЙс'Т^ sakuseisuru make, produce, draw
up, frame, prepare
{'ЁШ sakusei manufacture, production
ШИ'Ё seisaku manufacture, production
Х^Ё kosaku handicraft; construction, build-
ing; maneuvering
ISfH shisaku trial manufacture
00 compose (a literary or musical work),
create, write
© [also suffix] (literary or artistic) work,
composition, production
a {'Ёпп sakuhin (piece of) work, performance,
product
{'ЁЖ sakka writer, novelist, author
{'ЁЙ'Т<5 sakkyokusuru compose, write
music
sakusha author, writer, playwright
sakubun composition, essay; writing
b КГЁ gensaku original (work)
^□{'Ё meisaku masterpiece, fine work
JlJf^ sosaku creation, production; fiction writ-
ing
Af^ taisaku monumental [great] work, ma-
jor work
{ЯИЁ kessaku masterpiece, magnum opus;
blunder
{^Й{Ё daihyosaku representative work
00 work, do, perform, function
0 action, behavior
а {'ЁЖ sagyd work, operation
{'ЁЖ sayo action, operation, function; effect
{'ЁЙ'Т-?) sadosuru operate, function, work;
run, go
sosasuru operate, manipulate,
handle
b {'ЁЙ sahd manners, etiquette, decorum
ЯИ'Ё dosa action, movement; bearing, behav-
ior
^{'Ё hossa fit, attack, seizure
00 raise crops, cultivate, farm
© [also suffix] crop, harvest, yield
а {'Ё^Й sakumotsu crops
$f{^ kosaku cultivation, farming
Л {'Ё rensaku repeated cultivation; story
made up by several writers working on it
in turn
0047-0049
26
rinsaku rotation of crops
hatasaku dry field farming, dry field
crop
b inasaku rice crop; raising rice plants
hosaku good [abundant] harvest
fusaku bad harvest, crop failure
0 contrive, scheme
sakusen tactics, strategy; (military) op-
erations, maneuvers
sakui artificiality, intention; commission
(of a crime)
[INDEPENDENT!
[saku (literary or artistic) work, compo-
sition, production; authorship
kaishin no saku work after one's
heart
[KUN]
[tsukuru
O0 make (out of materials), form, prepare
0 create, bring into being
0 make (as a document), make out, com-
pose, frame, draw up
© form (an organization), organize, found,
establish
G prepare food, cook; slice (raw fish)
a katachizukuru form, shape, make,
mold
ab№ 0 HulT tsukuridasu make, turn out, create
c	shi о tsukuru compose a poem
d St Л I® <5 shinnaikaku о tsukuru form
a new Cabinet
e jffl ГЁ Ъ sashimi о tsukuru slice (raw
fish)
0 raise crops, cultivate, grow, till
Zzlf Й niwa de tsukutta yasai
vegetables grown in one's yard
0 foster, cultivate (a person's character), build
up
Д HIS, f|t	<6 yoishukan о tsukuru cul-
tivate a good habit
0 make [touch] up, apply cosmetics; trim
О АЙК hidoku tsukutta kao face
with heavy makeup
© make up (a story), invent, fabricate
№ 0 if tsukuribanashi fable, fiction
tsukurinaki make-believe crying
tsukuriwarai forced laugh
________________________________________«В
[tsukuri № 0 ]
О make, physique, features
kao no tsukuri features of the face
0 MAKEUP
® V *	0 koi tsukuri heavy makeup
© sashimi, sliced raw flesh (esp. of fish)
0 otsukuri sashimi, sliced raw flesh (esp. J
offish)	„
[-zukuri 0 ]	Is
О (build of the body) MAKE, physique	i
hosozukurino hito slender per-
son
0 suffix indicating material composition
Kiztfh V nendozukuri no made of clay
0 affectation, pretense
О Ъ wakazukuri nisuru make
oneself up to look younger
0 sliced raw fish, sashimi
0 ikezukuri freshly-killed fish served
whole with its meat cut in slices
IHOMOPHONESI
tsukuru
Ju make =>1983
fl] CREATE =><S>1815
tsukuri Ju MAKE =>1983
-zukuri is MAKE =^1983
fa]
0050
E1-2-5
► INQUIRE
SHI ukaga(u)
{	Joyo	S7-2-5	K2739
9	D2324	®69	U4F3A
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
[humble]
О inquire [ask] after (a person's health)
hdshisuru inquire after
(someone's health)
0 call on (a superior), pay a visit
shikosuru pay one's respects,
make a courtesy call; wait upon (a no-
bleman)
[kun]
[ukagau [humble]
27
0050
Zl 2-5
1 OO (put a question) inquire (about), ask
© (request information) inquire [ask] after (a
person's health)
, a f^J V i ukagai question, inquiry; consulting the
oracle; call, visit
/ И ла JRL f?J □ goiken о ukagau ask the
opinion of (a superior)
J b fir] И Ъ ukagai о tateru inquire of,
[7	ask for someone's opinion; invoke an
oracle
# Ф V * shochuukagai inquiry after a per-
son's health in the hot season
© call on (a superior), call at, pay a visit
H L L ct □ 7^ Itsu oukagai
shimasho ka When shall I call on you?
© hear, be told
... о Zt ...to ukagatta I heard that...
► STRETCH
SHIN no(biru) no(basu) Щ nobu
tada
	Joyo	S7-2-5	K3113
9	B0719	®70	U4F38
ft
0051
El-2-5
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] stretch, elongate, extend,
spread
ftffi shinshuku expansion and contraction
ft 55 shincho expansion, elongation
© (of stock prices) rise
Ж ft kyushin sudden rise (said esp. of stock
prices), jump
^ftT^) zokushinsuru continue to rise
© say, mention
ill ft tsuishin postscript
[KUN]
[nobiru ftU^5]v7
O0 stretch, lengthen, extend, spread
© expand, increase, grow, develop, advance
a ft£X nobi stretching, elongation; develop-
ment, growth; spread (as of paint)
Wft£X senobi stretching one's back
b ft nobinayamu be held in check, fail
to grow
ft 0-^5 nobiritsu growth rate; coefficient of
extension
ft Z/ft nobinobi at ease
© spread (as of paint)
Ж < ft &%> 9 U — A yoku nobiru kurimu
easily-spreadable cream
© be exhausted, be knocked out
btVCftU^ nagurarete nobiru be
knocked out cold
[nobasu ftHTJvt
O0 stretch, elongate, extend, spread
© expand, let grow, develop
a *71 cT ft fcfT hikinobasu stretch out, elon-
gate; enlarge (photographs)
b	tb £ ft ST saind о nobasu develop
one's ability
0 straighten
ft^ftiift karada о nobasu stretch
(unbend) oneself
© dilute
Л — У ^rftkft" supu о nobasu thin soup
with water
0 knock out
ftSLTl/^A Nobashite shimae Knock
him out!
[SPECIAL READINGS]
^ftA akubi yawn
IHOMOPHONES]
nobiru й EXTEND =>1952
nobi Й EXTEND =>1952
nobasu ® EXTEND =>1952
0052	► BODY ► FORM TAI TEI karada			
		Joyd-2	S7-2-5	K3446
E1-2-5	9	A0078	®71	U4F53
> i HEO-ffl
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] (physical organism) body, corpse
ft Л tairyoku physical strength, strength of
one's body
ftR taishitsu physical constitution
ftrt tainai interior of the body
ftj^ taiso gymnastics, physical exercise
ft® taijd body weight
0051-0052
28
ft W taiiku physical training [education]
ft'/m taion body temperature
ft'/imnt taionkei (clinical) thermometer
ftfi taicho body length (of animals)
Jl'ft shintai body
Aft jintai human body
—*ft ittai one body; a style, a form; (why,
what) on earth, (what, why) in the world
§ ft jitai one's own body; itself
^ft zentai whole (body), whole span
l^jft nikutai body, flesh
'J^^Eft shoshitai charred body
Ж ft itai remains, body, corpse
00 (main part, esp. of a vehicle) body, frame-
work
© (main or essential part) substance, reality,
real thing
a Ж ft shatai car body, chassis; frame (of a
bicycle)
tSft kitai fuselage, body (of an airplane); ma-
chine
S?ft kaitai dismantling (a machine), scrap-
ping; dissolution, disorganization; dis-
section
b ft W taigen indeclinable parts of speech in
Japanese, substantive
zfeft shutai main part; subject
Sift jittai substance, essence
ftft hontai substance, thing itself; object of
worship; main part
Aft daitai outline, substance; generally,
roughly, on the whole
© [also suffix] (physical object or mass) body,
object, substance
ft?M taiseki (cubic) volume, capacity
4^)ft buttai body, physical solid, object, sub-
stance
Hft kotai solid, solid matter
Mft kitai gas, vapor, gaseous body
Aft tentai heavenly body
'ЙfUft yukitai organism, organic body
lift rittai solid (body), cube
0 (organized entity) body, organization
Hft dantai group, party, body, corps; corpo-
ration, organization
© [also suffix]
0 (characteristic) form, shape
© (outer appearance) form, appearance
2-5 П
------------------------------------------------- 1
0 (manner of expression) style, form
a ft Ж taikei system, organization
^fft jitai character form, type
MftMA gutaitekina concrete, definite, /
specific
IE ft shotai one's natural [true] shape; con-	7
sciousness
b ftS teisai decency, form, style, appearance J
Mft futei (=futai) appearance, looks; posture [J
Ш fs]ft sekentei appearanee (in the eyes of (
society), decency	>
KAftOJB shokuninteino otoko man of
workmanlike appearance
c Aft buntai (literary) style
© learn from experience
ftt^'T^) taitokusuru realize, learn (from
experience), comprehend, master
ftl^A%> taiken suru experience, go
through, (actually) feel
[KUN]
[karada ft] body, physique; health
ftiB 0 karadazukuri physical culture
ftftcS karadatsuki one's figure
ft^3$ V karada да tsuyoi have a strong
constitution, be in good health
0053
E1-2-5
► PROVIDED THAT
tada(shi) [Ц tada taji
Joyo	S7-2-5	K3502
D2680	®72	U4F46
> JJi
[tadashi (BL] provided that, on condi-
tion that, however, but, only
{ll/ЦсГ tadashigaki proviso, conditional
clause
tadashitsuki conditional
Kare wa yakusoku wa suru, tadashi
riko wa senu He makes promises, but
he does not keep them
29
0053
С2-5
► LOW
TEI hiku(i) hiku(meru) hiku(maru)
{ 0054		Jdyd-4	S7-2-5	K3667
/ E1-2-5	9	A0451	®73	U4F4E
/	J	г	V			
[7	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1 ICOMPOUNDSl
i O0 [original meaning] (having little height) low
0 Lower, bring down
а {&Й1 teichi low ground, lowlands
teiku low altitude
kotei high and low
b	teika suru fall, sink, lower, go
down
0 [also prefix] (below average in degree) low
Й* teion low-pitched sound, bass
fiinn teion low temperature
(Иь teino low intelligence
teikiatsu low pressure, atmospheric
depression
saiteino lowest
[INDEPENDENT!
[tei {g]LOW
rWj «к 0	koyori tei e from high to low
[KUN]
[hikui low, short (stature); (of inferior
social standing) low, humble; in a low voice
[key]
(SX'T'ib hikukusuru lower, bring down
shincho no hikui hito short
person
[hikumeru	Lower, bring down
[hikumaru	be Lowered, come
down
► HELP
YU U i suke tasuku
0055
E1-2-5
	Names	S7-2-5	K4504
9	D1971	®74	U4F51
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] help, succor, protect—said
esp. of God
(ЙЙ yujo help, divine help
0056
E1-2-5
► CRISP AND CLEAR
GO sa(eru) Hl sae
Names	S7-2-5	K2667
D2415	®79	U51B4
[KUN]
[saeru
0 be crisp and clear, be crystal-dear (as on
an ice-cold winter night), be bright, be vivid
0 be clearheaded, be wide-awake, be fresh
saekaeru beexceedingly clear; be
keenly cold
rSAZtfi saetairo bright color
b A-LZtiB saezaeshitakao fresh
complexion, cheerful look
atamanosae bright intelligence
me да saeru be wakeful, be
wide-awake
0057
В1-2-5
► COLD
REI tsume(tai) hi(eru) hi(ya)
hi(yayaka) hi(yasu) hi(yakasu)
sa(meru) sa(masu) Щ ryo
7	Jdyd-4	S7-2-5	K4668
15	B0664	®80	U51B7
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0cold, chilled
0 [original meaning] cool, chill, refrigerate
a Ж reiki cold air; cold, chill
W reigai damage from cold weather
Ytj /К reisui cold water
reisen Cold War
kanrei cold, coldness, chilliness
b reibd air conditioning
/Ж reito freezing, cold storage
7<p3j] reikyaku cooling, refrigeration
/tjH reizd cold storage
7т?ЖЖ reizoko refrigerator
Zk?n suirei watercooling
0 coLDhearted, dispassionate
/rj’SnZX reikokuna cruel, unfeeling,
0054-0057
30
coldhearted
/pzX reishd derisive smile, sneer
reiseina cool, calm, cool-headed,
dispassionate
[kun]
[tsumetai	И] cold (to the touch),
chilly; coldhearted, cold-blooded
tsu metasa coldness; coldheartedness
tsumetai senso cold war
[hieru	wcool down, grow cold; feel
chilly
Л hie chilling
AJitT hiekomu get colder, get chilled
?p АЙЕ hiesho oversensitivity to cold
Ш^А nebie cold [chill] caught while sleep-
ing
[hiya cool drinking water;coLD sake;
[in compounds] cold, chilled
ohiyaippai a glass of water
hiyameshi cold rice; cold treatment
[shoulder]
Zn hiyaase cold sweat
[hiyayaka
hiyayaka na Zncold, chilly; frigid,
indifferent
Zp'^'t^cS hiyayakasa coldness; frigidity,
indifference
Zn	hiyayaka na taido cold
attitude
[hiyasu Zn^T]cool,chill, refrigerate
Z^^L^SI hiyashichuka chilled Chinese
noodles
Ж Zfj atama о hiyasu cool one's head
[hiyakasu Zp^T^"] banter, chaff, jeer at
Zp^Z^l/ hiyakashi banter, chaff, raillery;
window-shopping, browsing
[sameru Zp£)<6]v/
0 cool off, get COLD
© cool down, subside, flag, be dampened
a X — X Z^'ZpSupu да sameta The soup
has cooled
ьЖтЙ kyozame being wet-blanketed;
skeleton at the feast
[samasu Zp^TJvt
О cool, let cool
IrSZp L netsusamashi antifebrile, antipy-
2-6 E
-----------:-------------------------------------1
retie--------------------------------------------1
0 dampen, spoil
куб о samasu spoil a person's
pleasure, be a wet-blanket	.
[HOMOPHONES!
sameru	Ж perceive =>1668	t
samasu	Ж perceive =>1668	j
0058
E1-2-5
► WORK METALS
YA
Names	S7-2-5	K4474
D2448	®80.5	U51B6
ICOMPOUNDSl
• WORK METALS: smelt forge, cast
yakin metallurgy
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Zn govern =^0250
E	Г1Т	incorrect stroke-count =>seeE 1-3-6: ? at 0263 1-2-5
F. E	R IykT	incorrect stroke-count LLH J etc =^seeE 1-3-5: |5 at 0256 1-2-5
| H	incorrect classification 7 Li	=5>see H2-5-2: IH at 1617 E1-2-5	
► INSULT
BU anado(ru)
0059
В1-2-6
	Joyo	S8-2-6	K4178
9	D2101	®82	U4FAE
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] insult, humiliate, make a
fool of
© despise, disdain, hold in contempt, make
light of
a	bujokusuru insult, treat with
contempt
bugen words of insult
31
0058-0059
Е 2-6
1 ----------------------------------------
1 ь ШИТ bubetsu contempt, scorn
[KUN]
’ [anadoru J despise, disdain, hold in
contempt, make light of
. Ш 0 anadori contempt, scorn
•	® О Ж И anadorigatai teki formidable
J	enemy
0060
E1-2-6
► TOGETHER
HEI awa(seru)
{	Joyo	S8-2-6	K4227
9	B0881	®83	U4F75
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О together, collectively, simultaneously, side
by side
TЪ heiyd suru use together [jointly]
heihatsu concurrence
heikisuru line up together (in writ-
ing)
heidon annexation, merger
heisatsu double play
0 [original meaning] join together, combine,
unite
tiffingappeisuru combine, unite,
merge
[kun]
[awaseru	(bring two or more things
together) join together, combine, merge
’ti'T awasete collectively, all together; in
addition, besides
Й'&Й'Э awasemotsu own (something) as
well
IhomophonesI
awaseru
д' COMBINE =>1274
MEET =>1275
S MEET WITH =>2019
► DEPEND ON
I Е Ц] yori yo
0061	1	Joyo	S8-2-6	K1645
E1-2-6	9	C1011	®84	U4F9D
7 1 ГГДГДК
1	2
IcompoundsI
0 DEPEND ON, rely ОП
0 be based on
a Ъ izon (=ison) suru depend on, rely
on
fel]||'t';5 ishokusuru entrust with
Ъ iraisuru request, make a request;
entrust, commission; rely on, depend on
kie faith, devotion; conversion
b ikyo basis, grounds; dependence
igan-taishoku retirement at one's
own request
0062
В1-2-6
► ATTEND UPON
► SAMURAI
JI samurai Ц] hito
Joyo	S8-2-6	K2788
D1975	®85	U4F8D
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 attend upon, wait upon, serve
jijo lady attendant
{тИлЁ jiju chamberlain
fyf SE jii court physician, personal physician
baiji attending on the nobility; retainer
kinji attendant
[KUN]
[samurai {yf ] [also suffix] samurai, warrior
Sfyf wakazamurai young samurai
inuzamurai shameless [depraved]
samurai
0060-0062
32
2-6
0063
С1-2-6
► FINE
КА Щ yoshi kei
Joyo	S8-2-6	K1834
C1505	®86	U4F73
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (of superior quality) fine, good, excellent
ftft казаки fine work
ftftl kakyd most interesting part, climax
ft® kahin choice [excellent] article
ft PA kami fine [good] taste; delicious food
0 [original meaning] (of pleasing appearance)
FINE(-Iooking), beautiful
ft A kajin beautiful woman
ft И karei beauty
ft Ж kakei fine [beautiful] view
ffiftO zekkano superb (landscape)
0064
E1-2-6
► PRICE
► VALUE
KA atai
Jdyd-5	S8-2-6	K1833
A0257	®87	U4FA1
7 { { {
1	2	3	4	5
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] (monetary value) price, cost
ЛЖ кака к и price, cost
bukka prices (of commodities)
kdkana expensive, high-priced
Affi beika price of rice
teika fixed [set] price
0 [also suffix] value, worth, merit
®ИЙ kachi value, merit
hyokasuru evaluate, appraise
seika reputation, fame
eiyoka nutritive value
[KUN]
[atai price, cost
ataisenkin no priceless, invalu-
able
IHOMQPHONESI
atai {it VALUE =>0081
0065
В1-2-6
► FORTHRIGHT
KAN HI tada tadashi akira
tsuyoshi sunao nao yasu
Names	S8-2-6	K2006
D3101	®87.5	U4F83
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 forthright, straightforward, straight and
bold
{ль{льп®хп®х0 kankan-gakugaku no out-
spoken (dispute), straightforward
{it
0066
И1-2-6
► OFFER
KYO KU sona(eru) tomo -domo
<	Jbyo-6	S8-2-6	K2201
9	A0455	®88	U4F9B
/ { {— {+-{4+{±L{dt{±h
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (put at another's disposal) offer, present,
submit
0 supply, deliver, furnish
а fUfft’ft"Ъ teikyosuru offer, tender; sponsor
(a show)
tftfft® shikyohin sample, specimen
b fft/^q'T'S kydkyusuru supply, furnish, pro-
vide
{-ft-ftT-5 kydyosuru offer, present, submit
{ft Ж kydshutsu delivery of allotment to the
government
{ft Ж kyomai delivery of rice to the govern-
ment; rice delivered to the government
0 [original meaning] offer (sacrifices to a god),
dedicate, sacrifice
{ft4& kumotsu offering
{ftjt киуд memorial service
{ft Ж kumai rice offered to a god
fftW kugo emperor's meal
[KUN]
[sonaeru fftA<5] offer (to a god), make an
offering
{ftft_ sonae offering
33
0063-0066
Е 2-6
"I	sonaemono offering
[tomo ft] attendant, retinue
ft® 0 tomomawari train of attendants,
/	retinue
1 ^oft^-b otomosuru go with, accompany,
|	follow
у [-domo -ft] plural suffix—now used only in
' Tft kodomo without implying plurality
P ft kodomo child, kid; son, daughter
IHOMOPHONESI
sonaeru Ж provide =>0109
sonae W PROVIDE =>0109
tomo
FRIEND =>1873
JOINT =>1551
ЙЙ COMRADE =>0593
-domo JOINT =>1551
fl
0067
E1-2-6
► EXAMPLE
REI tato(eru)
	Jdyd-4	88-2-6	K4667
9	A0376	®89	U4F8B
p		1				9	9	f	fl
2........3.......4....... 5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] (something representative) ex-
ample, instance, case
0 previous example, precedent
a MS reidai example, exercise
reibun illustrative sentence, example
(sentence)
ichirei example, instance, case, illustra-
tion
(ЙМ hanrei example
ЛМ jitsurei example, instance, concrete case
Д M ydrei example, illustration (of the use of
a word)
WM tokurei special case [example]; excep-
tion
gutairei concrete example
reigai exception
xlM ruirei similar example, parallel
sen rei precedent, former example
ttlM zenrei precedent; above example
ФУМ hanrei (judicial) precedent
00 established practice, custom, usage
0 regular, usual, established
a ffiM korei regular ceremony, established
custom
1ЖМ kanrei custom, usage, precedent
ЖМ karei family usage [practice, custom]
jorei usual practice, common usage, es-
tablished custom
b reikai regular meeting
$№ reinen normal year, average year
МЯ1 reikoku regular time
0 conventions, rules
jorei regulations, rules, law
0 put side by side, compare
fctM hirei proportion, ratio
[INDEPENDENT!
[ rei M ] example, instance; precedent
M	Й Ъ rei о ageru cite an example
M 0 reino usual; that, (the one) in question
[KUN]
[tatoeru M A -5 ] illustrate, give an example
MA tatoe metaphor,simile,allegory
МАЙ tatoeba for example
IHOMOPHONESI
tatoeru
Wx =>®2903
0tx =><8)553
0068
В1-2-6
► USE
► ENVOY
SHI tsuka(u) tsuka(i) -tsuka(i)
-zuka(i)
	Joyo-3	S8-2-6	K2740
9	A0236	®90	U4F7F
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О use, make use of, employ
shiyosuru use, employ,apply
shiyonin employee; servant
shito how money is spent
shieki employment, service; gram causa-
tive
koshisuru use, employ, exercise
kushisuru use freely, have good
0067-0068
34
2-6 E
command of
0 [also suffix] envoy, messenger, emissary,
ambassador, delegate
Й1 ffi shisetsu envoy, ambassador
Й1^з shisha messenger
shimei mission, appointed task
taishi ambassador
£аЙ! koshi minister, attache
tokushi special envoy [messenger]
tenshi angel
ЙЙЙ kentoshi Japanese envoy to Tang
China
[KUN]
[tsukau
O0 use, make use of, employ, handle
0 employ, keep (in one’s employ)
а й* Н'ЙГЗ" tsukaifurusu wear out (a thing) by
use
й* H iZtsukaikonasu manage, handle,
acquire command of
Й1H ft (-frZ) tsukaiwakeru use properly,
know how to use properly
Й1V (ZЪ ZX V tsukaimono ni naranai
be no use
tsukaite user, consumer; (fencing)
master
tsukaisute no throwaway
(articles)
ЖЙЖ И mahotsukai magician, sorcerer
bk&Ho hitoо tsukau employ, take a
person in one's service
0 spend, USE (time or money)
sfe Z) капе о tsukau spend money
[tsukai tE И ] mission, errand; messenger,
emissary
й’И^г'^-Ь tsukaioyaru send a messenger
[-tsukai, -zukai -й! H ] [also suffix]
О trainer, tamer
KffiH hebitsukai snake charmer
И^Й[И zotsukai elephant trainer
0 servant, employee
komazukai lady's maid, house-
maid
meshitsukai servant
[homophonesI
tsukau Й DISPATCH =>2015
-tsukai Ж DISPATCH =>2015
► URGE TO EAT
YU Ц] iku yuki susumu tasuku
atsumu
0069		Names	S8-2-6	K4850	
E1-2-6	9	D2726	®91	U4F91	t
					
	► COOPERATE KYO Ц] kano yasu kanau				f p U-4
0070	+	Joyo-4	S8-2-6	K2208	
E1-2-6	24	A0137	®93	U5354	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
IcompoundsI
O0 [original meaning] cooperate, collaborate,
work together; be in harmony
0 [also suffix] abbrev. of kydkai and Ш
IrIM □* kyodokumiai: association, coop-
erative
kyoryokusuru cooperate,collabo-
rate, work together
Ш IhI kyddo cooperation, collaboration, asso-
ciation
Шёй kydcho cooperation, harmony
1Й1Й kyosan support, cooperation
tSWffi kyosdkyoku concerto
b Йё kydkai association, society
Ш	^7 > > Ш sekai bokushingu-kyd
World Boxing Association
ft® nokyo agricultural cooperative
jfet® seikyo cooperative association [society]
H ЖШ nichibeikyo Japan United States Cul-
tural Exchange Association
0 reach an agreement, agree upon, make an
agreement
ШВЙ kyogi conference, deliberation
kyogikai conference, council
ШЙ kyosho entente, agreement
kyoyaku pact, convention, agreement
ШлЁ kyotei agreement, pact
dakyo compromise, agreement, under-
standing
JlTf	incorrect stroke-count
J/A	=>see E1-3-6: J at 0263
E1-2-6
35
0069-0070
Е 2-6
Е1-2-6
incorrect stroke-count
=>see С1 -3-6: [5 at 0296
О0 [original meaning] convenient, expedient,
handy
© convenient time for an action, opportu-
nity, chance
a	benrina convenient, handy, useful
{МЖ bengi convenience, facility
fiEK benran (=binran) handbook, manual
benpd convenient method, shortcut,
expedient
^{lEfe fubenna inconvenient
7j{IE hoben expedient, instrument
b	binjosuru take advantage of an
opportunity; go on board
00 (postal material) post, mail, letter
© [also suffix] POSTal service, postal delivery,
mail
а Жbinsen letter paper, stationery, writing
paper
S® yubin mail service, mail, postal matter
betsubin separate post
b	kokubin airmail
Ж'ОЕ daiichibin first delivery
© (feces or urine) excreta, excrement, feces,
urine
fyipjf benjo lavatory, bathroom
fiESE' benpi constipation
fiE^S benki toilet bowl, urinal
7k® daiben feces, excrement
Ф® shoben urine
0 [also suffix] transportation service, flight
aEME® teikibin regular service
0 ® kudaribin outbound train, down
train
kamotsubin de by freight
[INDEPENDENT!
[bin ®] post, mail; postal service; opportu-
nity, chance; flight
d^0® tsugi no bin next post; next flight
® 0 W*	bin no arishidai at the first
opportunity
[KUN]
[tayori ® 0 ] news, tidings; correspondence,
letter, communication
hanadayori news [first tidings] of the
cherry blossoms
® 0 Ъ tayori о suru write a letter
0072
E1-2-7
► PRESERVE
HO HOT tamo(tsu) ® yasu
yasushi mamoru
Joyo-5	S9-2-7	K4261
A0140	®96	U4FDD
7 .		£|r	ri				
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (maintain unchanged) PRESERVE, maintain,
keep, conserve, retain, hold
© (maintain in good condition) preserve, keep
up, maintain
a {Sj\f'’3-^> hojisuru maintain, preserve, retain
hoyusuru possess, maintain
ryOho suru reserve, withhold, keep
back
MIS'?"Ъ kakuho suru secure, make sure of,
ensure
Ь^&^Ъ hozonsuru preserve, conserve,
maintain, store, keep
{SW'^'b hokan suru take custody [charge]
of, keep
{Sim hoon keeping warm, heat insulation
{S3; hoan preservation of public peace
{StS hoken (preservation of) health, sanita-
tion
{S^ hozen integrity, preservation
{S^S hosen track maintenance
00 [original meaning] (maintain in safety) pre-
serve, protect, defend, shield, guard
© care for, look after; nurse, suckle
a {SM^-b hogosuru protect, safeguard,
0071-0072
36
preserve, look after
hogosha guardian; protector
ЙЙ' hoshin self-protection
b '(SS hobo nurse, kindergarten teacher
{SW hoiku nurture, upbringing; lactation,
nursing
hoikuen day-care center
©0 insure, guarantee, ensure
© abbrev. of hoken: insurance
а 13® hoken insurance
hoshosuru (assume responsibility
for) guarantee, vouch for, certify
ЙШЕЛ hoshonin guarantor
hoshosuru (ensure that an unde-
sirable condition does not occur) guar-
antee, secure, ensure
Й®(=^^О4^тЙ) anpo (=anzen
hoshojoyaku) Japan-U.S. Security
Treaty
ffiffi: tanpo security, mortgage
b 4{й(=^ф{й |^) seiho (=seimei hoken)
life insurance
Й0 sonpo (=songai hoken)
damage insurance
[kun]
[tamotsu ffio] (maintain unchanged) pre-
serve, keep, maintain, hold; (maintain in good
condition) preserve, maintain, support, sustain
inochi о tamotsu preserve life
Wl&ficO heiwa о tamotsu maintain
[preserve] peace
0073
E1-2-7
► CONNECT
► PERSON IN CHARGE
KEI kaka(ru) kakari -gakari
kaka(waru)A
	Joyo-3	S9-2-7	K2324
9	A0278	®97	U4FC2

12	3	4
[COMPOUNDS!
О (have a relationship with) connect, be con-
nected with, relate to, interrelate
ШЖ keirui family ties, dependents
kankei relation, relationship, connection
renkei connection, linking, contact
2-7 E
--------------------------------------------- -
0 connect, tie up, fasten, moor
keiryu mooring, anchorage
[KUN]
[kakaru affect,concern,involve
ffi §	Ъ И H menboku ni kakaru j
mondai problem concerning one's	'
honor	[J
[kakari Ш
0 person in charge, official in charge, clerk
© charge, duty, post
а {ЖД kakariin clerk in charge
kakaricho chief clerk
kakarikan official in charge
b 0 A kakarino hito person in charge
kakari о suru be in charge
[-gakari [suffix] person in charge,
official in charge, clerk
ЖЛ1Ж annaigakari clerk at the information
desk
kaikeigakari accountant, treasurer
[kakawaru
О be concerned in, be involved
kakawari relation, connection
jiken nikakawaru be in-
volved in a case
0 influence (adversely), affect
inochinikakawaru be threat-
ening to one's life, be a matter of life and
death
IHOMOPHONESI
kakaru
Ш SET =>0361
® SUSPEND =>1855
LAY ACROSS =>1638
Жх =>®2902
ffix =>®2619
kakari Ш set =>0361
-gakari Ш SET =>0361
kakawaru
M CONCERN =>2099
Й ARREST =>0230
37
0073
E2-7
1
► FEUDAL LORD
KO
<	Joyo	S9-2-7	K2484
9	D2212	®98	U4FAF
{ 0074
J D1-2-7
7		г	r	r	ft	ft	ft'	ft
123456789
IcompoundsI
0 FEUDAL lord, daimyo
© honorific title after names of feudal lords
[daimyos]
a shokd feudal lords
okd princess, royalty, crowned heads
b {ill	sendaikd Lord of Sendai
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with SEASON =>0089
0075
E1-2-7
► BELIEVE
► MESSAGE
SHIN Ц] nobu shino makoto shige
aki toshi
{	J6yo-4	S9-2-7	K3114
9	A0195	®100	U4FE1
123456789
IcompoundsI
O0 believe, trust, have confidence in
0 believe in (God), have faith
a shintaku trust
shin'yd trust, credit, confidence
ft JI shinrai reliance, confidence, trust
§ ft jishin self-confidence
ЧЧя fushin distrust, discredit
«ft kakushin firm belief, conviction
b ft fl? shinko faith, belief, conviction
ft^ shinja believer, adherent
ft'L?$<H shinjinbukai religious, devout
ft® shinkyd religion, faith
00 message, signal, news, tidings
0 written communication or message,
letter, telegram
a ft-^ shingo signal; traffic light
§ft jushin reception (of radio waves); re-
ceipt of a message
konshin jamming, interference, cross
talk
koshin exchange of messages, commu-
nications
1Ы9 kashin tidings of flowers, information
about flowers for viewing
lift tsushin correspondence, communica-
tion, information
b Ж ft henshin reply, answer
tanshin brief note [letter], brief message
shishin private note [letter]
Ж ft denshin telegraph, telegram
[INDEPENDENT!
[shinjiru (=shinzuru) ft C£(=ftlT5)]
believe, trust; believe in, have faith in
0076
В1-2-7
► INVADE
SHIN oka(su)
Joyo	S9-2-7	K3115
C1116	®101	U4FB5
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 (enter by force) invade, raid
0 (intrude upon) invade, infringe on, violate
о Й shinryaku invasion, aggression
ft A shinnyu invasion, raid, trespass, intru-
sion
ft?Q shinpan invasion; violation
yppjft^^l fa kashin joyaku nonaggres-
sion treaty
ftj£ shinshoku infringement, violation
ft W shingai infringement, violation
[kun]
[okasu ftTJ
0 (enter by force) invade, raid
0 (intrude upon) invade, infringe on, violate
о ftкоккуд о okasu invade the
frontier district, violate the border
b WJ £ftT kenriо okasu infringe upon
someone's right
[HOMOPHONES]
okasu
OFFENSE =>0146
tf RISK =>1576
0074-0076
38
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж soak =>0326
2-7 E
---------------------------------------------- 1
chui o unagasu call a person's 1
attention (to)
0077
В1-2-7
► BRILLIANT PERSON
SHUN Ц] toshi satoshi suguru
takashi
Joyo	S9-2-7	K2951
C1051	®102	U4FCA
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] brilliant [talented] per-
son, genius
0 brilliant, talented, bright
a shunshu genius, prodigy
shunsai genius, person of exceptional
talent
shun'ei talent, genius; gifted person
b {йй! shunketsu genius, hero
shundo brilliant boy, infant prodigy
shunbinna keen, quick-witted
► HASTEN
SOKU unaga(su)
0078		Joyo	S9-2-7	K3405
E1-2-7	9	B0987	®103	U4FC3
1____2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
[compounds!
• (cause to act with haste) hasten, urge, hurry,
press (for)
sokushinsuru promote, spur on,
facilitate
sokusei growth promotion
ЛИлёТГЪ saisoku suru press for, urge, de-
mand
tokusokujo demand note, dunning
letter [note]
[KUN]
[unagasu ] hasten, accelerate, stimu-
late; urge, press, call for
hattatsu о unagasu accelerate
development
0079
В1-2-7
► POPULAR
ZOKU	{
Joyo	S9-2-7	K3415
C1565	®104	U4FD7
7 f
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 popular, folk, common
© vulgar, low
a zokusetsu common saying, popular
version
zokusho popular [common] name
zokushu popular custom, usage
zokugo slang
tsuzoku popularity, conventionality
b	zokuppoi common, vulgar
zokuaku vulgarity, inelegance
teizokuna vulgar
0 [original meaning] popular custom, folk
custom, folkways, convention
fuzoku manners, customs; popular
[public] morals
WfS shuzoku mannersand customs,folk-
ways
SfS minzoku folk customs, folkways
rydzoku good custom
0 worldly, mundane; worldliness
zokuji worldly affairs
zokujin layman, man of the world
zokuseken the workaday world
sezokuno common, worldly
В1-2-7
incorrect stroke-count
=>see Cl-3-7: ? at0305
E1-2-7
incorrect stroke-count
etc ^see 01-3-7: |5 at 0330
39
0077-0079
В 2-8
►TIMES
► DOUBLE
BAI [Ц masu
7	0080 E1-2-8	9	Joyb-3	S10-2-8	K3960
			B0788	®108	U500D
P	/ { <•	|rrl			
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О times, -fold
fijbaisu multiple
bairitsu magnification, magnifying
power; rate of competition (in examina-
tions)
sanbai three times, triple
sQbai several times (as large)
0 DOUBLE
baizo redoubling
fniH baigaku double amount
{n W baika doubling
A-hitoichibaihataraku work
twice as hard as others
[INDEPENDENT!
[bai fn J DOUBLE
IniCLTjST bai ni shite kaesu repay
double the original amount
0081
E1-2-8
► VALUE
CHI ne atai
<	Jdyd-6	S10-2-8	K3545
9	A0467	@109	U5024

7.i
123456789
fit
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 value, worth, merit
0 [also suffix] moth value
а ЖЙ kachi value, merit
Icfcffl sQchi numerical value
b Й^НЙ zettaichi absolute value
heikinchi mean value
[kun]
[ne fit] [also suffix] price, cost
negaharu be expensive
nedan price
{Й-tW neage price hike
ffifT 15 neuchi value, worth
ffiW %> negiru beat down the price, bargain
fOlcF nebiki reduction in price, discount
пМЙ takane high price
ft A tiff shiirene cost price
[atai ffi]
0 value, worth, merit
0 math value
а {Й'ТЪ ataisuru be worth, deserve, merit
0 {Й ichidoku no atai да aru
be worth reading
b Х0{Й ekkusunoatai value of x
[HOMOPHONES]
atai fffi PRICE =>0064
zrp ►HAIKU
1?F
0082	{	Joyd-6	S10-2-8	K3948
E1-2-8	9	C1239	®112	U4FF3
' 1 fl fl fl fl fll flfflF
123456789
ffl
ICOMPOUNDSl
О haiku, 17-syllable poem
haiku haiku
W A haijin haiku poet
haidan haiku world
haikai haikai, (humorous) haiku
0 [original meaning] actor
Wffi haiyu actor, actress
0083
E1-2-8
► COPY AFTER
HO nara(u)
Joyo	S10-2-8	K4279
D2264	@113	U5023
0080-0083
40
2-8
..i 23456789
1
fCOMPOUNDSl
ф copy after, copy from, imitate
ЦЦЙ'Т'Ь mohosuru imitate, copy
[KUN]
[ narau Ж □ ] copy after, copy from, imi-
tate, follow an example
ВЙ'И IC№ О zenreininarau follow [copy
after] a precedent
T £ tlЖ О Ika kore ni narau The u n-
dermentioned to follow this example
iHOMOPHONESl
narau LEARN =>1711
ICOMPOUNDSI
•	straw sack [bag], sack
dohyo sumo (wrestling) ring; sandbag
[kun]
[tawara	straw sack [bag]
ЖМ komedawara (straw) rice bag
0086
В1-2-8
► FRUGAL
KEN
	Joyo	S10-2-8	K2380
9	D2415	®116	U5039
0084
Б1-2-8
123456789
[compounds!
► SALARY
HO
	Joyo	S10-2-8	K4280
9	D1715	®114	U4FF8
Ф FRUGAL, thrifty, economical, sparing
ken'yaku economy, frugality, thrift
kinken diligence and thrift
sekken economy, frugality, thrift
[COMPOUNDS!
•	SALARY, pay
hokyu salary, pay
horoku retainer's stipend, official pay
[salary]
nenpd annual salary
М'Ж genpd salary cut
0085
E1-2-8
► STRAW SACK
HYO tawara
1	Joyo-5	SI 0-2-8	K4122
9	C1440	®115	U4FF5
0087
E1-2-8
► INDIVIDUAL
► GENERAL COUNTER
KO KAa
<	Joyb-5	S10-2-8	K2436
9	A0448	®117	U500B
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] individual, single unit,
single person or thing
kokoni individually, separately
ffiWO коуйпо peculiar, inherent, character-
istic
koshitsu private room, single room
41
0084-0087
2-8
kobetsuteki ni individually, sever-
ally, singly
{@A kojin individual
(ИЙ kosei individuality
koten personal exhibition
kakko one by one
0 general counter for things or articles
kosu number of articles
—4® ikko one, a piece
ringosanko three apples
“HIS jikko ten articles
0 item, place
fUiW kasho place, spot, point; part
cT kajogaki itemization
[INDEPENDENT!
[kO INDIVIDUAL
kotozen individual and the whole
0088
В1-2-8
ICOMPOUNDSl
► GOOD FORTUNE
KO shiawa(se) Щ yuki sachi
Names	S10-2-8	K2486
D4023	®118	U5016
0 [original meaning] good fortune, good luck
0 happiness, well-being, felicity
shakoshin speculative spirit
дудкд good fortune, luck, lucky chance
abiWW hakko unhappiness; sad fate, misfor-
tune
[KUN]
[shiawase happiness, blessing; good
fortune
IHOMQPHONESI
shiawase
=>1408
tt o' bit =>0021,1274
0089
E1-2-8
► SEASON
► SEASONAL WEATHER
KO soro
	Jdyd-4	S10-2-8	K2485
9	B0603	®119	U5019
ICOMPOUNDSl
О season, time of year
I^HS jiko season, time of the year
0 seasonal weather, climate, weather
А1Й tenkd weather
Mfl^ kiko climate, weather; season
sokkojo weatherstation
0 indication, sign, symptom; condition
choko symptom, sign; omen
shdkd symptom
0 wait, await
koho candidacy, candidate
kdhosha candidate, applicant
|KUN|
[soro (Й] classical verbal suffix equiv. to
-masu
A sorobun epistolary style (i.e., the style
employing the soro form)
sorocho epistolary style
isoro hanger-on, parasite
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with	feudal lord =>0074
► MORALS
RIN [§ tomo michi nori hitoshi
0090		Joyo	S10-2-8	K4649
E1-2-8	9	C1320	®120	U502B
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 morals, ethics, moral rules, code of con-
duct
rinri ethics, morals, code of conduct
rinrigaku ethics, moral philosophy
furin na immoral, illicit
Afij jinrin humanity, morality; human re-
lations
0088-0090
42
harin immorality; incest
	► BORROW SHAKU ka(riru)			
1 1—1				
0091		Jdyd-4	S10-2-8	K2858
E1-2-8	9	B0968	®122	U501F
’	J t 1	2	3	4	5		ГИГЧШ 6	7	8	9	
it
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 borrow, get a loan
fs Ъ shakkin suru borrow money, run
into debt
fsffl shakuyo borrowing, loan
fs Ж shakuya house for rent, rented house
is Ж shakkan loan
taishaku lending and borrowing, debt
and credit, loan
haishaku suru borrow
chinshaku suru hire, lease
[kun]
[kariru {в 0 borrow, get a loan; hire,
rent
fs 0 kari borrowing; debt, loan
is ty karidasu borrow, make a loan of
ГнИн 0 magari renting a room
ft
0092
E1-2-8
► CULTIVATE
► REPAIR
SHU SHU osa(meru) osa(maru)
[U osamu osa nobu naga sane nao
Joyo-5	S10-2-8	K2904
B0560	®123	U4FEE
[compounds!
О cultivate (one's intellect or character),
improve oneself, foster, pursue, study, train,
practice
2-8 П
---------------------------------------------- 1
ftSI'lTЪ shuyd suru cultivate one's mind, 1
improve oneself
ft^K shuddin monastery, convent
ft T shQryo completion (of a course)
ftfr shugyd training, study; ascetic practices i
ftS^W shugenja ascetic (living in the moun- у
tains)
ft^ffiT shugaku-ryoko school excursion P
ftzt shushi Master, master's degree	jj
CTft kenshu study and training
Hft rishd completion (of a course), taking (a
course)
hisshuno required, compulsory
0 repair, mend, rectify
ft IE shusei amendment, revision, correction;
retouch
ft Л shuri repair, mending
ftSl shufuku restoration
ft£n Ъ shOzen suru mend, repair
t&ft'lT-?) kaishusuru repair, improve
ffift hoshu repair, mending
[kun]
[osameru ft£)&] cultivate, pursue,
practice, study; master, complete
^^ft$6^> gaku о osameru pursue knowl-
edge [one's studies]
[osamaru ft ^-6] govern oneself, conduct
oneself well
ЖЙ1 ^ft 6 V * soko да osamaranai
conduct oneself loosely, be dissolute
IHOMOPHONESI
osameru
#3 PAY =^0877
1R TAKE IN =>0017
GOVERN =>0250
osamaru
#3 PAY =>0877
1R TAKE IN =>0017
GOVERN =>0250
0093
E1-2-8
► TOPPLE
TO tao(reru) -dao(re) tao(su)
1	Joyo	SI 0-2-8	K3761
9	B0836	®124	U5012
43
0091-0093
Е 2-8
1 лплЯЖИш
123456789
7 И
'	10
у ICOMPOUNDSI
К 00 topple, tumble down, fall over, fall,
1	collapse
Jj 0 cause to topple, overturn, overthrow,
ь—-	knock down
a B’JA toboku fallentree
В!|Ж”3~Ъ tokaisuru collapse, be destroyed,
crumble
^B1J’3~<5 sottdsuru faint, fall unconscious,
swoon
jEBlI'lT-b tentosuru tumble, fall down; in-
vert, reverse; upset
b @|Ж tdsan insolvency, bankruptcy; breech
birth
®!l	tokaku suru overthrow the cabinet
tobaku overthrowing the shogunate
flB,J'3“data suru overthrow, knock down,
defeat
00 upside-down, inverted
©turn upsidedown
a toritsu handstand
ВО Ж tdei inverted image
ВУйз tdsaku perversion, inversion
b Bl)И tdchi turning upside down; gram inver-
sion
0 indicates emphasis of action
J±B,J'3~<5 attosuru overwhelm, overpower,
crush
:FSflOfrB,J'3"<5 hofukuzettosuru doubleup
with laughter
0 unclassified compounds
®B№ menddna troublesome, worrisome;
difficult
[kun]
[taoreru
О fall over, topple, tumble down, collapse
ushironitaoreru fallbackward
0 succumb, break down, fall senseless
00 goto ruin
© go bankrupt
а йВ*1^ tomodaore falling together, joint
bankruptcy
1*3 KJ 7^B[J tVfc. Naikaku да taoreta The
cabinet was overthrown
[-daore -B!l tl] bad debt, loss, financial ruin
SL/BJ^T kashidaore irrecoverable debt
it kuidaore bringing ruin upon one-
self by extravagance in food
[taosu @!lT]
О bring down, fell, knock down, throw to the
ground
fflPLB,J'3~ oshitaosu pushdown
00 overthrow, ruin
0 defeat
ЗФ^ВУ'З’ ogamitaosu entreat (a person)
into consent, win over by persuasive en-
treaty
0 kill
I HOMOPHONES |
taoreru WT =><02891
taosu =>®2891
► ANCIENT NAME FOR JAPAN
WA I KA yamato Ц] shizu masa
kazu yasu
0094
E1-2-8
<	Names	S10-2-8	K4733
9	D2268	® 124.5	U502D
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 ANCIENT NAME FOR JAPAN
fit A wajin ancient name for Japanese
wakb Japanese corsairs
[KUN]
[yamato {^] elegant ancient name for
japan
yamato-takeru-no-mikoto name of
a mythical hero
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-2-9: { at 0100
E1-2-8
E1-2-8
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-2-9: { at 0102
0094
44
2-8 П
► JUNIOR
0095
E1-2-8
7	Joyo	510-2-8	K2958
15	C1496	®127	U51C6

10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also prefix] (of secondary rank) junior, assis-
tant
ZftlS Д junkydin junior [assistant] teacher
Ж® jun'i warrant officer
ZttWfS® junkangofu junior nurse
► SURPASS
RYO shino(gu)
0096
El-2-8
Names	510-2-8	K4631
D2751	®128	U51CC
ICOMPOUNDSl
* surpass, outdo, outshine
ryogasuru surpass, exceed, out-
shine, outdo
[KUN]
[shinogu ]
0 surpass, outdo, outshine
0 get through, pull over; endure, bear
a	<' sosha о shinogu put young
men to shame
b ffi Ж W C amekaze о shinogu take shel-
ter from wind and rain
0097
E1-2-8
► FREEZE
TO ko(ru) kogo(eru)
Joyo	510-2-8	K3764
C1389	®129	U51CD
ICOMPOUNDSl	у
0 (turn solid because of cold) freeze, congeal
ZiOo toketsu freezing
ZpW reito freezing, cold storage
futoko ice-free port
[kun]
[kdru M Ъ ] FREEZE, congeal
M 0 ft < kdritsuku freeze
[kogoeru	be frozen, be chilled
kogoeshinu freeze to death
IHOMQPHONESI
kdru Ж ICE =>®39
В1-2-8
El-2-8
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-3-9: |5 at 0450
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeEl-3-9: |5 at0454
incorrect stroke-count
^seeC 1-3-8: [5 at 0395
etc.
E1-2-8
I	Й	► RETURN KI kae(ru) kae(su)						
0098 E1-2-8		IJ 18л		Joyo-2	510-2-8		K2102	
				B0533	®130		U5E30	
I1 [•) |Г			i)3 ij3 ij,3 ijA					w
[) E	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8 OMPOUNDSl							9
О return, come back, go back, take one's
leave
'ЖЯж'Т'Ь kichakusuru return, come back;
arrive at, result in
'ЖЙ'ЖЪ kikan suru return, come home, be
repatriated
45
0095-0098
2-9
ЖЩ’З"-^ kikokusuru return to one's coun-
1ГУ
Ж^К kikyd returning to Tokyo
Ж5Й kiro homeward journey, return circuit
Ж^^~<5 kitakusuru come [return] home
fukkisuru return, be restored, re-
vert
0 settle in place, conclude
Жйз kiketsu conclusion, end, result
kinoho inductive method
© follow, yield to, pledge allegiance to
Ж)Й kijun submission, return to allegiance
Ж{Ь kika naturalization
Ж ft kie faith, devotion; conversion
[kun]
[kaeru Ж-S]
0 return (to one's original position), come
back, come home
0 go back [home], take one's leave
a Ж О Ж kaerimichi the way back, return trip
H Ж ty higaerisuru return on the same
day, make a day's trip
ieni kaeru come back home
4эЖ OZicSH Okaerinasai Hellol/Welcome
back
оьЖ V) kaeri return, coming back; going home
b Ж^Т Kaere Get out!/Go home!
[kaesu ЖT] let (someone) return, see out,
send (someone) home, dismiss
ЖТ seito о kaesu dismiss the pupils
[HOMOPHONES!
kaeru
JS RETURN =>®3180
Ж RETURN =>1940
COUNTER =>®2945
kaesu
® RETURN =>1940
S COUNTER =>02945
► FALSIFY
Gl itsuwa(ru) nise
0099
В1-2-9
	Joyo	S11-2-9	K2122
9	C1352	0131	U507D
' 1 if V
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
йМ
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] falsify, forge, deceive
0 falsehood, lie
а ШЖ gizd forgery, fabrication
ШШЕ gishd perjury
b ЖШ shingi truth or falsehood; authenticity
kyogi falsehood, lie, fallacy
[KUN]
[itsuwaru Ш-S]
0 (state untruthfully) falsify, misrepresent, lie
0 (cause to believe a falsehood) falsify, deceive,
cheat
0 feign, pretend
oM itsuwari lie,falsehood,fabrication
C	daigakuseito
mibun о itsuwaru misrepresent oneself
as a university student
[nise Ш] [also prefix] sham, imitation,fake,
forgery
Ш^Й nisemono sham, imitation, fake, forgery
nisesatsu counterfeit paper money
IHOMOPHONES]
itsuwaru пЁ SWINDLE =>®1502
0100
E1-2-9
► BY CHANCE
► COUPLE
GO
Joyo	S11-2-9	K2286
D1653	®132	U5076
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О BY chance, accidentally, by coincidence,
unexpectedly
guzen ni by chance, accidentally, by
coincidence
guhatsutekina accidental,
contingent
0099-0100
46
guei impromptu poem, poem written at
the moment of inspiration
00 couple, pair
© mate, spouse
аВЙ дйгуоки couple (offerees)
b haigusha spouse, mate
6 math even, even number
gusu even number
0 [original meaning] (wooden) figure, idol, image
guzo idol, image
0101
В1-2-9
► ONE-SIDED
HEN katayo(ru)
<	Joyo	S11-2-9	K4248
9	C1312	®133	U504F
1	2
ЖЖ
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] (occurring on one side)
one-sided, uneven, unbalanced
© (favoring one side) one-sided, biased,
partial, unfair, prejudiced
а henzutsu headache on one side,
migraine
henzai uneven distribution
henshoku unbalanced diet
b	henshitsukyd (=henshukyd) mono-
maniac
henken prejudice, biased view, narrow
view
henchosuru attach too much im-
portance, overemphasize
hen'ai partiality, favoritism
0 (deviating from normal) eccentric, deviating
henkutsu eccentricity, obstinacy, nar-
row-mindedness
hensachi deviation (value)
[KUN]
[katayoru (й<Ь]
0 be one-sided, be prejudiced, be partial, be
unfair
0 deviate
2-9 Д
----------------------------------------------- 1
a fiffl о Л katayotta kangae partial [one- 1
sided] view, prejudice
b ty katayori deviation, offset; polarization
0 > U У *7— katayorishirinda offset
cylinder	{
IHOMOPHONESI	[J
katayoru	=>2158,1473	-p
0102
E1-2-9
► ROBUST
KEN suko(yaka) Ц] take takeshi
tatsu takeru yasu tate tsuyoshi
masaru yasushi
1	Joyo-4	S11-2-9	K2382
9	B0610	®134	U5065
0 (strong and in good health) robust, healthy,
sound, strong
kenkona healthy, sound, well
®ffi(=®Жl^) kenpo (=kenkd hoken)
health insurance
kenzaida be well, be in good health
kenzen health, soundness
1ЙЙ10 kenkyakuno strong in walking
kydkenna robust, healthy, strong
{St# hoken (preservation of) health, sanita-
tion
onken na moderate, temperate,
sound
И1й=Х£ gokenna strong and sturdy, virile;
manly
[kun]
[sukoyaka
sukoyakana Ш^Й^ХХ healthy, sound
Ш^Х^ХхЖ sukoyaka na karada healthy
[sound] body
[SPECIAL READINGS]
{ЙЖХ£А kenagena praiseworthy, admirable;
brave
47
0101-0102
Е 2-9
► RECOLLECT
SAI SHI shino(bu)
	Names	S11-2-9	K2837
9	D2660	®135	U5072
у [KUN]
[shinobu recall, recollect, remem-
ber, reminisce
Л kojin о shinobu think of the
dead
ез	□□ mukashi о shinobaseru
shina things reminiscent of bygone
days
IHOMQPHONESI
shinobu BEAR =>1407
sokuheki side wall
sensoku side of a ship
[KUN]
[kawa fill] [also suffix] side, part
ffiffil] nishigawa west side; west European
countries and America
l^jffll] uchigawa inside, interior
Ж-flJ] uragawa back [reverse, other] side,
wrong side
tekigawa enemy's side
hantaigawa opposite side; oppo-
nents' side
shohishagawa consumers'side
► DRIED MEAT
SHU Ц] osamu naga osa nobu yu
suke
0106		Joyo	S11-2-9	K3669
El-2-9	9	D1867	®138	U5075
ICOMPOUNDSl
0104
В1-2-9
я	Names	S11-4-7	K7091
130	D2317	®136	U8129
0 [original meaning] dried meat
0 dried meat or ham as gift to teacher in lieu
of salary in ancient times
Ж Ж sokushQ tuition; ham as gift to teacher
in lieu of tuition
L i J..'
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0105
E1-2-9
О spy, detect, scout, investigate
teisatsu scouting, reconnaissance
naiteisuru make secret inquiries,
scout
0 [original meaning] SPY
ЙИК mittei spy, emissary
tantei detective work; detective, sleuth
► SIDE
SOKU kawa gawa’
	Jdyd-4	S11-2-9	K3406
9	A0229	®137	U5074
/		fl	fl>			fl	fl
fl' Я
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (one of two or more opposing parts) side, part
0 (lateral surface) side, flank
a usoku (=migigawa) right side
b ®]МЖЪ sokubun suru learn by hearsay
ffllj® sokumen side, flank
0107
E1-2-9
► HALT
TEI
Jdyd-4	S11-2-9	K3668
B0824	®139	U505C
123456789
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (make a temporary stop) halt, pause, stop
0 be at a standstill, remain inactive
0103-0107
48
a	teiryusuru halt, stop
f?lt teishi stop, halt; suspension
teisha stoppage (of a vehicle)
b teitai stagnation, accumulation; arrear-
age
0 abbrev. of Ж teiryujo: stopping place,
stop, station
basutei bus stop
dentei tram stop
0 suspend, discontinue
teigaku suspension from school
teishoku suspension from office
teisen cease-fire, armistice
teiden stoppage of electric power,
power failure
ВШ-тАХ choteisuru mediate, arbitrate,
make peace
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-3-9: P at 0450
E1-2-9
► SUMMIT
► RECEIVE HUMBLY
CHO itada(ku) itadaki
0108	Ж	Jdyd-6	S11-9-2	K3626
E1-2-9	181	C1412	®145	U9802
' т jr г^'тгпятйтв
123456789
ifna
10	11
[compounds!
O0 (highest part) summit, top, peak, apex,
vertex
0 (mountain top) summit, peak
а ЖА choten apex, peak
/ЙЖ zetcho summit, peak, climax
ЖЖА uchoten exaltation, ecstasy
LUЖ sancho summit
b Ж_Ь chdjd summit, peak, top; climax
ИЖЖ%> tocho suru climb to the summit
0 receive humbly, accept with thanks
ЖЙГЖ-Ь chodaisuru [humble] receive, ac-
cept, take; eat, drink
[kun]
[itadaku Ж< J
2-10 E
-------------------------------------------- 1
[humble]	1
0 receive humbly, accept with thanks, be
given, be favored with
0 eat, drink	.
0 trouble someone to do something, have
something done	f
а Ж gS itadaki windfall, unexpected gain; un-	r?
authorized borrowing
ЖВ^сА itadakenai unapprovable, dissatis-
factory
Ж сГ 4Й itadakimono gift, present
г оф ШхШ копо hon
о itadaite mo ii desu ka Can I have this
book?
ьЖ^ЖсГ^ЬХ Jubunitadakimashita I
have had enough
с	Ochaoirete
itadakemasen ka May I trouble you for
a cup of tea?
[itadaki Ж] summit, peak, top
[HOMOPHONES]
itadaku ЙГ receive humbly =>®3302
0109
В1-2-10
► PROVIDE
Bl sona(eru) sona(waru)
	Jdyd-5	S12-2-10	K4087
9	A0402	®146	U5099
7 If
жЛ
10 11
O0 [original meaning] provide for [against],
prepare for [against], get ready
0 preparations, preparedness
a biko explanatory note, remarks (for
reference)
fit W bichiku saving for [against] emergency,
storing
ЧИЙЖХ junbisuru provide for [against],
prepare for [against]
b ^Ffit yobi reserve, spare; preparation, pre-
liminaries
Urfil keibi guard, defense
Ж1Й gunbi military preparations, armaments
BjW bobi defense, defensive preparations
49
0108-0109
2-10
©0 provide (with), equip, fit
0 be PROViDEd with, be equipped with
а Шди bihin fixtures, furnishings
Ъ setsubisuru equip [provide] (with)
SW seibi maintenance, servicing, prepara-
tion
SeDm sobi equipment, outfit
b теЖ L/Zl kanbishita fully-equipped, perfect,
complete
Д'ОЙ'Т-?) gubisuru be endowed [equipped]
with, possess
[kun]
[sonaeru OA<5]
0 provide for, make preparations for, stock
0 provide with, furnish
a W A sonae provision, preparation; defense
man'ichinisonaeru provide
against contingencies
b Ш A {4	sonaetsukeru provide with,
furnish, fit with
[sonawaru W vibe PROViDEd
[furnished] with; be possessed of, be en-
dowed with
Л (Cl А) Ъ meijitsu tomoni
sonawaru live up to one's name
Ё1	(3. Ай Ъ A^& shizennisonawaru
jinkaku one's natural dignity
IHOMOPHONESI
sonaeru (й offer =>0066
sonae {Д offer =>0066
0110
E1-2-10
► BESIDE
BO katawa(ra) sobaA
	Joyo	SI 2-2-10	K4321
9	D1711	®147	U508D
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 beside, by, by the side, nearby; side
bokansha bystander, onlooker
bdkeino collateral,subsidiary,affili-
ated
boju interception, tapping
bosen side line, underline
bdcho hearing; attendance
1^3=f$£AZ£ bojakubujin na overbearing,
arrogant, audacious
IKW robo roadside, wayside
kinbo neighborhood
[kun]
[katawara Ь ] besides, while
ЙЙШЬbenkydno
katawara ongaku о kiku listen to mu-
sic while studying
[soba side, vicinity
(Cl soba ni by the side of
IHOMOPHONESI
soba Я SIDE =>®137
f+t. ► GREAT
I era(i) Ц] hide isamu
0111	{	Joyo S12-2-10 K1646
В1-2-10	9 D1741	®148	U5049
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (of superior character) great, grand
ШАА: idaina great, mighty, grand
ША ijin great man
igyb great work [achievement]
ikun great achievement
ikan grand sight
kaiina gigantic, large-boned and
impressive
[KUN]
[erai ШИ]
O0 great, grand; famous, eminent
0 remarkable, extraordinary
a ft 2 erasa greatness; remarkableness
ШИ A eraihito great man, extraordinary
character
Ш/0^ eragaru be self-important, be con-
ceited
A oeragata dignitary, exalted per-
sonalities
0110-0111
50
2-11 E
ь Af-^Й erabutsu extraordinary [able] character
О awful, serious
V* doerai terrible, very serious
[HOMOPHONES]
erai Ж GREAT MAN =>®2140
0112
E1-2-10
► EXTENSIVE
► DOCTOR
HAKU BAKU [й] hiro hiroshi haka
toru
+	Jbyo-4	S12-2-10	K3978
24	B0713	®151	U535A
i- i’l l|r i-j-fi lj-0
i 23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О extensive (knowledge), wide (learning),
well-informed, learned
tWzt hakushi doctor, Ph.D.
hakubutsugaku natural history
tWfetS hakubutsukan museum
hakuran extensive reading, wide
knowledge
Шйй hakurankai exhibition, fair, exposi-
tion
hakuaishugi philanthropy, hu-
manity
tW® hakushiki extensive knowledge
hakugaku extensive learning, erudition,
wide knowledge
© abbrev. of M± hakushi: DOCTOR, Ph.D.
ihaku doctor of medicine, M.D.
У/fW- bunhaku doctor of literature
[SPECIAL READINGS!
tWzt hakase expert, learned man; doctor,
Ph.D.
E1-2-10
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-3-10: |5 at 0480
{№	► WORK DO hatara(ku)			1
0113	{ Joyo-4	S13-2-11	K3815	<
D1-2-11	9 A0421	®153	U50CD	P
I7	H	r	' If If i	<- ж	If	Л
1	2	3	4	5 10	11	12	13		6	7	8	9	
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] work, labor, serve
^АЙ rodo (manual) labor, toil
ШАЙ kadd working, work; operation (of a ma-
chine)
^АЙВтТГв! jitsudo-jikan actual working hours
Ш^АЙ jurodo heavy labor
[kun]
[hataraku АЙ < ] work, labor; operate,
function
АЙсГ hataraki work, labor; activity, function-
ability, talent
Aftcf?1 hatarakite worker, breadwinner
cf Ш hatarakikakeru work on some-
one; begin to work
"FAftcS shitabataraki subordinate work; un-
derworker
ЙАЙ tomobataraki working together (for
a living), working in double harness
У1/—+АЙ < Bureki ga hataraku The
brakes function
0114
В1-2-11
► INCLINE
KEI katamu(ku) katamu(keru)
kashi(geru)A
<	Joyo	SI 3-2-11	K2325
9	B0970	®154	U50BE
О [original meaning] incline, lean, tilt, slant
keishasuru incline, slant, tilt
ЖЙ keido inclination
51
0112-0114
Е 2-11
1 ---------------------------------------------
О incline toward, be inclined to, tend to, lean
to
ЖЙ keiko tendency, trend; disposition
/	sakei tendency [inclination] to the left
^лЖ'З-^ ukeisuru lean to the right
P [KUN]
% [katamuku Ж < J vi incline, lean, tilt, slant;
incline toward, be inclined to, tend to; decline,
be sinking; decline, fall
ЖсГ katamuki inclination, slope; tendency,
trend
аки ni katamuku be inclined to
evil
H	f 3 Ж < Hi да nishi ni katamuku The
sun declines westward
Ж^^ЖЖ katamuita kaun fortunes on
the wane [decline]
[katamukeru Жvtincline, lean, tilt,
slant; devote oneself to, concentrate on
М^ЖМ'-Ь kubiоkatamukeru incline
one's head
81W Ж aijo о katamukeru fix one's
affection on
[kashigeru ЖН>5] vr incline, lean, tilt
МЗНШ'Т -Ь kubi о kashigeru put one's
head on one side
► OUTSTANDING PERSON
KETSU Ц] suguru takashi hide
О outstanding, remarkable, extraordinary
kessaku masterpiece, magnum opus;
blunder
kesshutsu suru excel, stand out
ЖЛ ketsujin outstanding person
0116
El-2-11
► DEBT
► BOND
SAI
	Joyo	S13-2-11	K2636
9	B0662	®156	U50B5
[ г г
riWffWf
5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
О debt, liability
fitlS saiken credit, claim
fitSr saimu debt, obligation, liabilities
ft Ж fusai debt, liabilities
Mflt gensai partial payment of a debt
О [also suffix] bond, debenture, loan
fit^ saiken bond, debenture
it fit shasai debenture, corporation bond
Blfit kokusai national bonds; national debt
[loan]
jlSfit kisai floatation of a loan, issue of bonds
^ifit kdsai public bond; public loan
0115
В1-2-11
	Joyo	S13-2-11	K2370
9	D1895	®155	U5091
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] outstanding person,
hero, great man, master
ketsubutsu great man, outstanding fig-
ure
8ЕЖ goketsu hero, great [extraordinary] man
joketsu heroine, lady of character
kaiketsu man of extraordinary talent,
wonder man
0117
В1-2-11
► HOLD AN EVENT
► PRESS FOR
SAI moyd(su)
	Joyo	S13-2-11	K2637
9	B0621	®157	U50AC
71frrrrrr
123456789
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
О hold an event [a meeting], give (a dinner),
sponsor
saijijo event hall
kaisaisuru hold an event, open
(an exhibition)
0115-0117
52
kydsai joint auspices, cosponsorship
shusai sponsorship, promotion
© press for, urge, hasten
-b saisoku suru press for, urge, de-
mand
[KUN]
[moyosu ЖТ J hold an event [a meeting],
give (a dinner), put on (a show)
ffiL moydshi event, festivities, function,
gathering; auspices; opening, holding (a
meeting)
kai о moyosu hold a meeting
► WOUND
SHO kizu ita(mu) ita(meru)
Joyo-6	S13-2-11	K2993
B0878	®158	U50B7
E1-2-11
123456789
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
©0 [also suffix] wound, injury, bruise, scar
© wound, injure, hurt; damage
a ЖЙ shobyd injuries and sickness
ДЖ'Ф^) fushosuru be injured [wounded],
get hurt
Ж Ж jusho heavy [serious] wound, severe
injury
HJUЖ dabokusho bruise, contusion
b ЖШ shogai injury, bodily harm
^Ж sassho killing and wounding
ЖЖ sonshd damage, injury
0 slander, abuse
ФЖ chusho slander, libel
[KUN]
[kizu Ж]
О wound, injury, bruise, scar
ЖП kizuguchi wound
№№ kizuato scar, cicatrix
ISiM 1JЪ kizutsukeru wound, injure, dam-
age; hurt (a person's feelings), disgrace
(one's family name)
ЖМ < kizutsuku get injured, be wounded
2-11 E
---------------------------------------------1
[bruised]; be (emotionally) hurt--------------1
ЙгГ 0 Ж kasurikizu bruise, scratch, graze
&Ж furukizu old wound, scar; past misdeed
© defect, flaw, crack, fault, weak point	,
Ж% kizumono defective article; deflowered
girl	[5
[itamu SM	-д
О be damaged, be spoiled, wear out	u
Ж<^ itami damage, injury, bruise; wear; rot
ЖЛ>7^Ж itandaie damaged house
© rot, spoil
Ж/uZl Ь V Ь itanda tomato rotten toma-
toes
[itameru Ж$)<5] damage, spoil
7Ё ЖФЪ hana о itameru spoil a flower
[SPECIAL READINGS]
^кЖА yakedo (=kasho) burn
IHOMOPHONESI
kizu =><S>3282
itamu
Ж PAIN =>2065
1$ MOURN =>0356
itameru Ш pain =>2065
► BONZE
SO
© [also suffix] [original meaning] bonze, Buddhist
monk, priest
soryo bonze, Buddhist priest
soshoku priesthood
[11Й soin monastery, temple
zenso Zen priest [monk]
JtsfH nisd nun, sister; (Buddhist) priestess
/Mil kozd priestling; servant boy; kid, brat
hakaiso sinful priest, depraved monk
53
0118-0119
Е 2-11
incorrect stroke-count
etc =>see В1-3-11: P at 0502
E1-2-11
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with deal a blow =>0513
► PIGEON
KYU hato Ц] yasu osamu
ICOMPOUNDSl
0122
В1-2-12
E1-2-11
Ж	Names	S13-11-2	K4023
196	D1612	®163	U9CE9
► COLLEAGUE
RYO Ц akira
{	Joyo	S14-2-12	K4629
9	B0724	®165	U50DA
0 pigeon, dove, carrier pigeon
kyusha pigeon house
kyushin communication by carrier pi-
geon
[kun]
[hato [also suffix] pigeon, dove
Л1Ж hatoha doves, soft-liners
WAS denshobato carrier [homing] pigeon
KJ [A	► !
► MANSERVANT
B0KU
ICOMPOUNDSl
О i, myself—familiar first person pronoun used by
men in addressing inferiors or peers
ШдЙ bokutachi we
0 [original meaning] manservant, servant,
menial
chuboku faithful servant
fill {It juboku servant, attendant
ЖSt kaboku manservant, house boy
ПЧИ geboku servant, your humble servant
koboku public servant
[INDEPENDENT!
[boku g|]l
boku no my
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] colleague, associate,
co-worker, companion
гудуй comrade, colleague, fellow
worker
|r|^ doryo colleague, associate, comrade,
fellow official
0 official
kakuryd cabinet members
ЖЖ kanryd government official(s); bureauc-
racy, officialdom
IS Ж bakuryo staff, staff officer
► IMAGE
ZO Ц] kata
0123 В1-2-12	9	Jdyd-5	S14-2-12			K3392	
		B0793	®166			U50CF	
							
' 1 f r jfj 1	2	3	4	5			6	r 7	8		9
йнв
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 optical image
0 [also suffix] mental image, image
a eizo image; shadow, phantom
eizo (TV) picture, image; reflection
gazo portrait, likeness
genzosuru develop (film)
Si'S jitsuzo real image
kyozo virtual image
b shinzo mental image
0120-0123
54
2-14 Д
sozdsuru imagine
0	nihonjin no gaijinzd the
Japanese image of foreigners
0 [also suffix] (sculptured or painted likeness)
image, likeness, figure, statue; picture, por-
trait
butsuzd image of Buddha; Buddhist
statue
H 4Й shozd portrait, likeness
V U Tmariazd image of the Virgin Mary
00Ш dozo bronze statue [image]
jigazo self-portrait
0124
Б1-2-13
► CEREMONY
Gl И yoshi nori
1 9	Joyo S15-2-13	K2123
	B0847	®169	U5100
6
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 ceremony, rite, ritual
0 [original meaning] (polite behavior) cere-
mony
а gishiki ceremony, rite, ritual
kongi wedding ceremony
ЙИН sogi funeral service [rites]
b girei etiquette, courtesy
reigi etiquette, courtesy, propriety,
manners
fTflt gyogi manners, behavior
0 [suffix] (miniature representation) model, globe
chikyugi globe (of the world)
0125
El-2-13
► HUNDRED MILLION
OKU Hl yasu
	Jdyd-4	515-2-13	K1815
9	A0243	®170	U5104
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 HUNDRED MILLION (108)
okumanchdja billionaire
ichioku 100,000,000
[INDEPENDENT!
[Oku Ш HUNDRED MILLION (108)
0126
В1-2-13
► SEVERELY COLD
RIN
7	Names	515-2-13	K8405
15	D9999	®173.2	U51DC
ICOMPOUNDSI
О SEVERELY COLD
rinretsutaru piercing cold
0 gallant; brave
yuki-rinrin full of spirit, in high
spirit
ririshii gallant, brave, manly, digni-
fied
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-3-13: |5 at 0538
В1-2-13
0 CONFUCIANISM
jukyo Confucianism
jubutsu Confucianism and Buddhism
55
0124-0127
Е 2-14
► CONGEAL
GYO ko(ru) ko(rasu)
0 congeal, coagulate, solidify
gyoketsusuru congeal, coagulate,
solidify
gyokosuru solidify, coagulate,
congeal
SSlflL gyoketsu blood clot
Ж gydshi solidified oil
^?L дубпуй curd, curdled milk
gyoshuku condensation
[KUN]
[ koru	<5 ] vi grow stiff; be absorbed in, be
crazy for; be elaborate
Ж 0 kori stiffness (in the shoulders)
Ж Ъ kata да koru feel stiff in the
shoulders
M 0 tt korisho fastidiousness, perfectionism
® О kottasdshoku elaborate orna-
ments
korikatamaru be fanatical; co-
agulate, clot
[korasu Ъ't") vt concentrate, strain,
elaborate
НЙ	hitomi о korasu strain one's
eyes
ЙЙ bT shukd о korasu elaborate a
plan
0129
El-2-15
► RECOMPENSE
SHO tsuguna(u)
	Joyo	S17-2-15	K2994
9	B0850	®176	U511F
23456789
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (award compensation) rec-
ompense, compensate, indemnify, repay
0 (meet by payment) recompense, pay
а (ЙЙ shokyaku repayment, refundment
SHtt hdsho recompense, compensation
1ЙЖ hoshd compensation, indemnity
In (ft baisho indemnity, compensation, rec-
ompense
ztHlt bensho compensation, indemnification
Rflt daisho vicarious compensation
b ЖЖ shdkan repayment, refunding, reim-
bursement
ЖЖ musho gratuitous, free
[kun]
[tsugunau Ж О ] recompense, make up for,
atone for
fit И tsugunai recompense, indemnity,
atonement
sonshitsu о tsugunau recom-
pense for a loss
0130
В1-2-15
► SUPERIOR
► ACTOR
YU yasa(shii) sugu(reru)
masa(ru)v Щ masa suguru yutaka
	Jdyd-6	S17-2-15	K4505
9	A0337	®177	U512A
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (far above average) superior, excellent,
dominant, predominant
yQshuna excellent, superior, best
yuryohin excellent articles
yutosei honor student, prize pupil
yuetsu superiority, supremacy
yuetsukan superiority complex
%) yushosuru win the victory
0128-0130
56
[championship]
yusen preference, priority
yusei superiority, lead, predominance
yusei keishitsu dominant charac-
ter
0 actor, actress, performer
haiyu actor, actress
joyU actress
meiyu great actor
seiyu radio actor; dialogue speaker (in
dubbing)
О kindly, gracious, gentle, kind, cordial
ffiiS уйди favorable treatment, warm recep-
tion
yutaisuru treat kindly, receive
hospitably, give special consideration
[KUN]
[yasashii ffiLH]
0 gentle, tender, sweet
0 kindhearted, kind
a yasaotoko man of gentle manners
Й L-ИЯ yasashii koe soft voice
b fl	yasashiku suru be kind to, treat
kindly
[sugureru
О be superior to, be excellent, be better than,
surpass
sugurete exceedingly, conspicuously,
by far
sugureta gakusha eminent
scholar
© [usu. in negative constructions] be fine, feel well
V kibun ga sugurenai not
feel well
IHOMQPHONESI
yasashii Hr easy =>1561
sugureru WIN =>®1005
masaru If win =>0686
► OPEN HOLE
КО Ц] yoshi ku toru
0131	T	Joyo	S4-3-1	K2506
El-3-1	39	D2092	®179	U5B54
3-1 E
,	--------------------------------------1
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] open or bottomless hole, open-
ing, aperture
M7L biko nostrils	J
M7L kiko pore, stoma
ffll-fL doko pupil
haisuiko scupper (hole); osculum c}
0132
В1-3-1
► PHANTOM
GEN maboroshi
	Joyo	S4-3-1	K2424
52	C1579	®180	U5E7B
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 phantom, phantasm, fantasy, illusion,
hallucination, vision
ЯЖ genzo phantom, vision, illusion
ЯК genshi phantom limb
gen'ei vision, phantom, illusion
gensd fantasy, illusion
ЯЖ genkaku illusion, hallucination
ОЙ genchd auditory hallucination
genmetsu disillusionment
hengen-jizaino ever-changing,
phantasmagoric
[kun]
[maboroshi £J] phantom, apparition,
phantasm; illusion, hallucination, vision,
dream
Я ill Z) maboroshi о ou pursue phantoms
—t	Г	► DRAW
I	IN hi(ku) hi(ki)	hi(ki)- -bi(ki)
* J	I	hi(keru)
	Jdyd-2	S4-3-1	K1690
57	A0210	®181	U5F15
” * я
12	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (pull toward one) draw, pull,
haul, tug
31Л inryoku gravitation
57
0131-0133
Е з-i
*1 ----------------------------------------------
1	§ I	in кд suru tug, tow
ЖХ§1'Т-Ь ken'insuru pull, draw, haul
3S5I^ goinna overbearing,coercive
r © (cause to move, as by leading) draw (toward),
1 draw in, call in
5 I <5 inka suru ignite, catch fire
2	51 JtLzTinken suru receive, favor (a person)
with an interview
Sc 03 51 Zk gaden'insui seeking one's own
interests
kyuin suction, absorption, aspiration;
attraction
© quote, cite, refer to
51ffl in'yd quotation, citation
5(1^ insho reference
5ИГ in'yu allusion
Ж31 sakuin index
© withdraw, retire
51Ж'Т'Ь intaisuru retire, go into retirement
[KUN]
[hiku 51 < J
© draw, pull, haul, tug; drag, trail
51 hiku PULL (marking on doors)
510 35 <5 hipparu pull, draw; drag
51 cf _t И<6 hikiageru draw [pull] up; pro-
mote; increase
51 gS Ж’З- hikidasu draw out; lure out
51 gS W" hikiwake draw; drawn game
[match]
51 cS ЙГ Ъ hikizuru drag along; trail
5[	hikitomeru detain, keep
51 Ъ hikitsuru have a cramp
51 cf hikimodosu bring back; pull back;
restore
51	hikishimeru tighten; brace one-
self; cut down
51 gT!®#) hikishime tightening
^£5I< yumi о hiku draw a bow
Ш £ 51 < fune о hiku tow a boat
©0 draw (attention or sympathy), attract,
catch
0 catch (a cold)
a 51 cf # W*%> hikitsukeru attract, charm, keep
at hand; have a convulsive fit
^51^ kyakuhiki touting; tout, barker, pan-
der
ft Ж & 51 < chCii о hiku draw attention
b ВД5£51	kazeо hiiteiru have a
cold
©0 draw (off) (water), tap, conduct, lead (a
stream through a field)
0 lay on (gas or water), install (a telephone)
а ЛI zK 51 < kawa kara mizu о hiku
draw water off a river
b ft IS & 51 < denwa о hiku install a tele-
phone
© DRAW lots
®X5I kujibiki drawing of lots
©0 retreat, withdraw
0 retire, resign
a 510 hikkomu draw back, retire; sink,
fall in
IE (5* 51 cf kakehiki bargaining; tactics
Ш/\51< ato e hiku retreat, recede
b & 51 < yakusho о hiku leave office,
resign one's post in an office
© subtract, deduct, deduce; allow discount
5lcrlf hikizan subtraction
H51 — &— San hiku ni wa ichi Three
minus two equalsone
9151 waribiki discount, reduction
© quote, cite, refer to
Я&51 < rei о hiku cite an example
© look up, consult (a dictionary)
^^"^51 ikijibiki walking dictionary
© succeed to, take over
51 hikitsugu take over, hand over;
succeed to, inherit
51	hikitsugi taking over (someone's
duties)
51с^1§Н'<Ь hikiukeru undertake; answer for,
guarantee
51 gT Ъ hikitoru take over, receive; retire
Ф lift, steal
71 51 gT manbiki shoplifting; shoplifter
0 unclassified compounds
1X 0 51 gT torihiki transaction, dealings
[hiki 5l^]DRAWing
51 cf t±j L hikidashi drawer; withdrawal (of
money)
[hiki- 51^-1 [sometimes 51 о hit-or 51 Zu
hin-] emphatic verbal prefix
51 cT tA Z) hikiharau clear out, move out
510 L hikkoshi moving (to a new
residence)
0133
58
51 о Ш О Ж Ъ hikkurikaeru be overturned,
fall over; capsize; be reversed
!zl ”9 ffil b X_<5 hittoraeru capture, arrest,
seize
ЦI о # < hittsuku stick (to), cling, adhere
? I of hikitsuzuki continuously, without
a break
5 [ о W 0 L hikkirinashi ni incessantly,
continually, without a break
? I сГ Й Л J3 hikikae ni in exchange for
L-biki -?I gT] [alsosuffix]
О coated with
□' A I cS 0 gomubiki no rubber-coated
О discount
—91 ? I of ichiwaribiki 10% off
[hikeru	vidose, be over, break up
'jlkt hike defeat, reverse; close (esp. of stock
market)
'jIW'PxF hikedoki closing time (of school)
3 f W" IE hikeme drawback, weakness
IHOMOPHONESI
hiku
3* PROJECTILE =>0418
Ж RETREAT =>®3094
,<x =>02493
йх =>®427
g^x =>®1662
hiki Й DRAW OUT =>0302
nf
0134
В1-3-2
► BE FULFILLED
KYO GYO kana(u) kana(eru)
Ц] kano kano yasu
□	Names	S5-3-2	K1980
30	D2779	©181.5	U53F6
[kun]
[kanau n+d]
О (of a wish) be fulfilled, be realized, be
granted
kanawanai be unable, be beyond
one's power
Pf Ъ	0 Й	kanawanu toki no
kamidanomi Man turns to God in times
of trouble
nozomi да kanau have one's
wish realized
0 be able to, can (do)
[kanaeru	grant (a request), fulfill
____________________________________________3^ E
(expectations), answer (a person's prayer)
ЖИ И* ЛЪ kibd о kanaeru fulfill one's
hopes
IHOMOPHONESI	p
kanau
jl suitable =>03160
ЙЙ ENEMY =><8>1864	£
► OUTSIDE
GAI GE soto hoka hazu(su)
hazu(reru) Ц] to tono
0135	2	Joyo-2	S5-3-2	K1916
E1-3-2	36	A0102	©186	U5916

[COMPOUNDS!
O0 (outer side) outside, exterior; out, outer
0 [also suffix] (beyond the boundary) outside,
without, beyond
a ^knK0 gaibuno outside, outer, external
^kff gaiya outfield; outsiders
gaikaku outside corner; external angle
^kJRL gaiken outward appearance
^k?4 дека (department of) surgery
^kffi gaishutsu going out, outing
^к1к"<Г<5 gaishoku suru eat out
^кЖ gaiki open [fresh] air
^k® gaimen exterior, outside, surface
b Ж^к/£ igaina unexpected, unforeseen,
surprising
JP^k kdgai suburbs, outskirts
Ж^к angai contrary to one's expectations,
unexpectedly
J£A^k^ igaini except for, excluding
naigai inside and outside; approxi-
mately
W^k kaigai overseas, abroad
...0*5НП^ .. .nohan'igaini beyond the
scope of...
^JB^k0 yosogaino unexpected, unfore-
seen
J
£
p
00 foreign, external
0 abbrev. of ^kl^W gaimusho: Ministry of
Foreign Affairs
a HS gaikoku foreign country
^kA gaijin foreigner, alien
59
0134-0135
Сз-2
1
П
Я
I
5
t
1
4
ИЖ gaisha imported car
$№} gaitame foreign exchange
^k5C gaiko diplomacy, foreign relations
^kl^ gaimu foreign affairs
^кЙ gaika foreign currency [money]; foreign
[imported] goods
^k^Bn gairaigo loanword, foreign word
ft^k0 zaigaino overseas
b ^kffi gaisho Minister of Foreign Affairs
© leave out, exclude
jogaisuru exclude, make an ex-
ception of
Й1к sogai estrangement, alienation
[KUN]
[soto outside, exterior; open air, out-
doors
Ж 0^1- ie no soto outside the house
sotogawa exterior, outside
#00 sotomawari circumference, periph-
ery; outside work; outer track (of a two-
way belt line)
sotodeasobu play outdoors
[hoka #]
О something other than, the rest
#0 hoka no other, another, different, else
#/£ bfa hokanaranu nothing but, no other
than
ill ES# yamada hoka Yamada and others [et
al.]
0 outside, beyond, besides; except, but
ЙЯ1ЖЖ0# Koi wa shian no hoka Love
and reason do not go together
^•0# sono hoka besides, in addition; the
rest, others
5 # <5#	H So suru hoka wa nai
There is nothing for it but to do so
[hazusu ] take off, remove, undo, de-
tach; miss, let go, fail; avoid, dodge, slip away
1ЕЙ1 £ megane о hazusu take off
one’s glasses
Ж 0 ## torihazusu remove, dismantle
kikaiо hazusu miss a chance
[hazureru #11 <5]
О come off, get out of place, slip out, be sepa-
rated
ЖЗ7 У /0^'# tlT V Ъ botan ga hazurete
iru be unbuttoned
0 miss, go wide, fail
#ll hazure end, verge; miss, failure
36#tl0 namihazureno out of the ordinary,
far above the average
IHOMQPHONESI
hoka ffi other =^>®35
► SLAVE
► GUY
DO yatsuJ
0136
El-3-2
£
38
Joyo	55-3-2	K3759
D1998	<S>187	U5974
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 slave, serf, manservant, menial
dorei slave, servant
nodo serf
ЖЙ kokudo black slave
[kun]
[yatsu Щ slang
О О guy, fellow, chap
© thing; things, matter
a yatsura those guys, they
Ж^Й kuroiyatsu derogatory nigger; black
one
0 third person pronoun
[SPECIAL READINGS]
aitsu that guy, he, she; that one
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-3-3: $ at 0155
E1-3-2
0137
E1-3-2
► SKILLFUL
KO taku(mi) (D taku isao yoshi
I	Joyo	S5-3-2	K2510
48	C1583	@188	U5DE7
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 skillful, ingenious, clever
komyona skillful, ingenious, clever
0136-0137
60
15Й5 kosetsu skill, dexterity, workmanship
kosha skillful [ingenious] person
15Ж kogen flattery
giko art, craftsmanship, technical ski 11;
trick
seiko na elaborate, exquisite, ingen-
ious
rikdna clever, bright, sharp, shrewd
[KUN]
[takumi skill, dexterity, ingenuity
takumina skillful, clever, cunning
15	takumi na shudan clever trick
IHOMOPHONESI
takumi E craftsman =>1900
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Й merit =>0138
► MERIT
KO KU isaov {Ц isa tsutomu katsu
0138
E1-3-2
	Jdyd-4	S5-2-3	K2489
19	B0909	®189	U529F
1	2	345
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 merit(s), meritorious deed [service]
0 success, achievement, result, fruit
а ЙЙ1 koseki meritorious deed, achievement
Й^ кого meritorious deed, (distinguished)
services
ЙЖ komyo great exploit; distinction, fame
Й1Т kozai merits and demerits
Й® kudoku virtue, merits of one's pious acts
Й Л kuriki merits [influence] of one's pious
acts or religious practice
^Й nenkd long service, years' [long] experi-
ence
ЖЙ kunko distinguished services, merit
®Й sen кд merit of war
b ЙТОЗЁЙ kdrishugi utilitarianism
ЙсЙ seiko success
[HOMOPHONESl
isao MERITORIOUS SERVICE =>1838
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with 15 skillful =>0137
0139
В1-3-2
3-2 D
— 1
► PUBLISH
KAN
IJ	Joyo-5	S5-2-3	K2009
18	B0857	®190	U520A
—	—	f f'J
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] publish
0 publication, edition, issue
a ТОТг kankd publication
IRsTO hakkan publication, issue
ткТОО mikanno unpublished
ITTOO kikanno already published
РЙЯ TO kakugetsukan published bimonthly
ШТО^* sdkangd inaugural number, first is-
sue
b iif 0 shukan weekly publication, weekly
1ЯТ0 chdkan morning edition [paper]
^TO уйкап evening edition [paper]
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ffO penalty =>0555
P
37
$
I
H”
5
5
4
OO VERY YOUNG, infant
0 infantile, immature
а yoji young child, infant
yojo baby girl
ЙНг yoji childhood, infancy
yonen infancy, childhood
b ЙЖ/£ yochina childish, infantile, crude
ЙЙЙ yochien kindergarten
0 [original meaning] young child, child
ЖЙ choyo young and old
^Й гдуд old people and children
[kun]
[osanai Й H ] very young, infant; childish,
61
0138-0140
Ез-2
1 -----------
infantile
П
З7
$
I
&
osanago baby, infant, child
$)®1Г5й^- osananajimi childhood friend
$J'L? osanagokoro child's mind; innocent
heart
0141
В1-3-2
► DISSEMINATE
KO GU hiro(maru) hiro(meru)
Ц] hiro hiroshi hiromu mitsu
	Names	S5-3-2	K2516
57	B0953	®192	U5F18
5 ICOMPOUNDSI
L 0 disseminate, spread, teach (esp. Buddhism)
’ 5АЯ[ kdhd (public) information, public rela-
tions
v	guhd spreading Buddhist teachings
4 [KUN]
£ [hiromaru 5A;£<5] spread, be diffused, be in
p general circulation, become popular
 [hiromeru ЗДФ<5] spread, disseminate;
d extend, broaden, widen
iHOMQPHONESl
У hiromaru )A WIDE =^1921
► STRIKE
DA u(tsu) u(chi)-
1	Jdyd-3	S5-3-2	K3439
64	A0212	®193	U6253
' I } l"TT
1	2	3	4	5
IcompoundsI
О [also prefix] [original meaning] strike, hit, beat
ITS dageki blow, strike; batting, hitting
ITSt daboku blow, stroke
dashin sounding, tapping; percussion
1ГШ daden sendingatelegram
IT^=^§ dagakki percussion instrument, traps
Bell"TЪ oda suru give a blow, beat, strike
0 baseball
0 hit, bat
© [also suffix] hit, base hit
а 1ТШ dasen batting line-up
ITTI dasha batter, hitter
ITЙэ daseki batter's box; one's turn at bat
SIT anda safe hit, base hit
RIT daida pinch-hitting; pinch hitter
b ITЖ daritsu batting average
SIT choda long hit
ФЖ1Т honruida home run
StH^flT tekijida timely hit
0 used in verbal compounds to add euphony
IT 51 dakai break, development, a new turn
IT@I^~<?) datosuru overthrow,knockdown,
defeat
ИЖ dasan calculation, self-interest, selfish-
ness
ITЖ И dasanteki calculating, self-centered
IT®^~Ъ daha suru break down, overthrow,
abolish
[KUN]
[utsu ITO]
O0 strike, hit, beat, give a blow, thrash
© (of a clock) strike (the hour)
0 (impress upon) strike, move, impress
a IT 15jit? uchikomu strike [drive] into, ram
down; devote oneself to, be absorbed in
1Т15_ЬЛТ<Ь uchiageru launch, shoot up; (of
waves) dash, wash up [ashore]; finish,
close
ЙГ1ТО muchiutsu whip, lash, give the rod;
spur on
b HBvf ^2 |TО sanji о utsu strike three
c 7L4^ITO kokoro о utsu impress (a person),
touch (a person's) heart
0 perform an action by striking, as:
0 drive in (a nail), affix
© play (as a game of go)
0 make something by striking
a 4SITО meiutsu engrave an inscription; call
[designate] itself
b ® ffO goo utsu play (a game of) go
TWIT'S) katana о utsu temper [forge] a
sword
© perform an action (as if by striking), as:
0 send (a telegram)
© pay (money on a contract)
а & IT^ denpo о utsu send a telegram
b	tetsukeoutsu advance
money (on a contract)
0 attack, strike, assault
0141-0142
62
3-2 E
'P £ •РТ’З fui о utsu make a surprise at-
tack, take (a person) unawares
[uchi- fj 15 -1 verbal prefix adding euphony
or emphasis
J715 Hj"7" uchidasu set out [forth], work out,
hammer out; strike out, emboss; an-
nounce
fl* 15 W %> uchikiru put an end to, break off,
finish
fl"15	uchiawaseru make ar-
rangements, prearrange; strike against
fl* 15 о’Ъ'Й' uchiawase preliminary
[previous] arrangement, preliminaries
•1715?Й’3“ uchikesu deny, negate, contradict
fl* 15	L uchikeshi negation, denial
fl*15 ВД	uchiakeru confide in (someone),
reveal, disclose
IHOMQPHONESI
utsu
SS STRIKE =>1831
17 STUDY =>0977
&
0143
E1-3-2
► CLEAR AWAY
► PAY
FUTSU hara(u) -hara(i) -bara(i)
t	Joyo	S5-3-2	K4207
64	B0758	®194	U6255
		&	
1	2	3	4	5
[COMPOUNDS!
• [original meaning] clear away, sweep away,
wipe away
fusshokusuru wipe out, sweep
off
JA)£ futtei shortage
[KUN]
[harau JA5]
O© (remove something undesirable) clear
away, sweep away, brush off, prune
€> [also verbal suffix] (drive off) clear out, drive
away, expel, exorcise
a JA V	fl Ъ harainokeru brush off, sweep
away
JA V	haraiotosu shake off, brush off
ty JA Z) toriharau clear away, remove
b дВ V Д JA oiharau drive away, expel, exor-
cise
JtlJAH yakubarai exorcism
Й cf JA □ yakiharau clear away by burning,
reduce to ashes
© (clear a debt) pay, settle accounts
JA И harai payment; account, bill
haraimodosu payback
JAHjAty haraikomu pay in, pay up
StlЙЕ £flA 5 kanjo о harau pay a bill, settle
one’s account
© pay (attention), give heed
ЁЁЙ JA Z) chui о harau pay attention (to)
[-harai,-barai -fAH]
О [also suffix] PAYment, settlement
3lJAH shiharai payment, payout, defray-
ment
M^fAV^ nobebarai deferred payment
bunkatsubarai payment in in-
stallments
© emphatic verbal suffix
SbfAH yopparai drunkard, boozer
1
0144
В1-3-2
► JUICE
► SOUP
JU shiru -shiru
7	Joyo	S5-3-2	K2933
85	C1534	0195	U6C41
n
$
I
3
h
P
4
4
0
₽
ICOMPOUNDSl
©JUICE, sap
© soup, broth
а Ж fl* kaju fruit juice
b —fl*—ichiju-issai simple meal
ЙА* nikuju meat juice, gravy
[kun]
[shiru fl* J juice, sap; soup, gravy
^x^x0fl* mikan no shiru mandarin or-
angejuice
[-shiru -flj [suffix] soup
®PsXfl* misoshiru miso soup
63
0143-0144
ИЗ-2
1 -------------------------------------------
1	► STRAND
у I TEI CHO migiwa nagisa
P 0145	У I Names I S5-3-2 I K3685~
£ E1-3-2	85 D25861 0195.5 U6C40~
£ ICOMPOUNDSl
£ 0 strand, beach, waterside, shore
ГГШ teisen shoreline, coastline
“F [KUN]
[migiwa П*] strand, beach, waterside,
p shore
?T Ж it &	migiwa ni yoseru
f	sazanami ripples beating upon the sea-
У	shore
’ [nagisa ?TJ strand, beach, waterside, shore
5 V nagisazutai along the shore
£ IHOMOPHONESI
p nagisa strand =>0386
₽ E1-3-2
► OFFENSE
HAN oka(su)
5	Jdyd-5	S5-3-2	K4040
94	B0849	®196	U72AF
' '5 j im
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] offense, crime
JEW hanzai offense, crime
?Efr han кд criminal act, crime, offense
EME bohan crime prevention
ЙИЕ shohan first offense
A?E kashitsuhan careless offense
00 offend against, violate, infringe
0 [also suffix] offender, criminal
a ?EWJ hansoku transgression, violation (of the
law)
ft?E shinpan invasion; violation
S?E ihan violation (of the law), infringement;
breach
b ?EA hannin criminal, offender
ЖЁ5Е senpan war criminal
ЙЗЕ kyohan accomplice, confederate, part-
ner, associate
ЙЛЗЕ satsujinhan murderer
Й1Нь?Е chindhan intellectual criminal
[KUN]
[okasu
О offend against, violate, infringe upon,
commit (a crime), sin against
?EL|®H okashigatai dignified
й ?Е*1" ho о okasu violate the law
f? ?E'T tsumi о okasu commit a crime
0 rape, violate, deflower
5E'T оппа о okasu rape a girl
IHOMOPHONESI
okasu
Ж INVADE =>0076
W RISK =>1576
it
В1-3-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-2-2: J: at 0014
[Л1	incorrect classification =>see E1 -2-3: J- at 0025 E1-3-2			
Г Ж	► NORTH ] p	HOKU kita			
0147 t E1-3-2	21	Joyd-2	S5-2-3	K4344
	A0169	®197	U5317
' -I 3
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О NORTH
дК hokubu north, northern part
hokud Northern Europe, Scandinavia
hokubaku bombing the North
(Vietnam)
hokuto northeast
hokkyoku North Pole
hokui north latitude
hoppo north, northward; northern dis-
trict
0 [original meaning] turn one's back on
JKdL haiboku defeat, setback
[kun]
[kita 4L] [also prefix] north
0145-0147
64
3-3 E
4 tn kitaguchi north exit
kitagawa north side, north bank
kitahankyu Northern Hemisphere
IIV	incorrect stroke-count •MX	=^see D1 -2-2: 1| at 0017 E1-3-2 ► THE HARE II II BO u Ц] shige shigeru				
0148	P	Names	S5-2-3	K1712
El-3-2	26	D2448	®199	U536F
[KUN]
[u Щ1] fourth sign of the Oriental zodiac: the
HARE
UP Л uzuki fourth month (of the lunar calen-
dar), April
РГ| incorrect stroke-count
H J ^see В1 -4-2: E at 0554
E1-3-2
0149
E1-3-3
► SHOUT
KYO sake(bu)
□	Joyo	S6-3-3	K2211
30	Cl 469	®201	U53EB
|n |v |v)
[compounds!
• [original meaning] shout, cry (out), shriek,
scream, yell
kyokan shout, cry, scream
zekkydsuru exclaim, ejaculate,
scream, shout
[kun]
[sakebu И4Л>] shout, scream, cry; advocate
ЯЦ-СЛ sakebi shout, cry, scream
sakebigoe shout, outcry
kaikaku о sakebu cry loudly for
a reform
► SUCK
► BREATHE IN
KYU su(u)
0150	□	Joyo-6	S6-3-3	K2159
E1-3-3	30	C1148	®202	U5438
h |n |n		Ы		
1	2	3	4	5	6	
1
О [original meaning] suck, suck in, absorb
®kyushu absorption, assimilation; merger
kyuchaku adsorption
®? 14"<5 kyuin suru suck (in), absorb, aspi-
rate; attract
85ЙГ куй jin dust vacuuming
KlfrL,® kyuketsuki vampire
85® kyuban sucker, sucking disk
© breathe in, inhale
kyunyusuru inhale, breath in; suck
(in); imbibe
ЖМ kyuki inhalation of air; air breathed in
кокуй breathing, respiration
[kun]
[suu 5 ] inhale, breathe in; smoke; suck,
sip, absorb
® Итй suigara cigarette butt
tabako о suu smoke a cigarette
® И Шsuidasu suck [draw] out; aspirate
suimono Japanese style soup
p
i
i
i
Ф
t
'7
► SPEW
TO ha(ku)
0151	□	Joyo	S6-3-3	K3739
E1-3-3	30	D1777	®203	U5410
1 p P :p—p-)-pj^|
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [original meaning] spew, vomit
ttffi toshutsu spew, vomit, disgorge
Й1 ifil toketsu vomiting blood
ttM toiki sigh, long breath
ПЦХ tt oto vomiting
eF ttM®)	onto-гдгд to in a clear voice
65
0148-0151
3-3
[KUN]
[haku Rt < ] spew, vomit; exhale; emit, send
forth
tt# Mj'3" hakidasu spew, vomit, disgorge
ttifM hakike nausea
M %: tt < iki о haku exhale, breathe out
ifi
0152
В1-3-3
► GROUND
► PLACE
CHI JI
±	Joyo-2	S6-3-3	K3547
32	A0042	№04	U5730
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 (solid surface of the earth) ground, earth,
land
0 (functionally distinguished tract) land,
GROUND, SOil
а ЙЁИ jimen surface, ground, land
ЙЁ~Г0 chikano underground, subterranean
ЙЁЙ jishin earthquake
ЙЁ_b IC chijo ni on the ground; on earth
ЙЁ1® chikai basement, cellar
ЙЁЙ chizu map, atlas
ЙЁЙ chiri geographical features, topography;
geography
ЙЁЗ& jiban ground, foundation, base
ЙЁЯ^ chikei geographical features, topogra-
phy
ЙЁ Jt chishitsu geological features; nature of
the soil
±ЙЁ tochi land
гйЙЁ kochi high ground, plateau, heights
®ЙЁ shitchi damp ground, swamp
ШЙЁ kochi arable land, farm land
ЖЖЙЁ senjochi alluvial delta
b Й31 jinushi landlord, landowner
ЙЁ @ chimoku classification of land category
ЙЁЯ chika price [value] of land
^ЙЁ takuchi land for housing, residential
land
1ЙЙЁ shikichi (building) site, (plot of) ground,
lot
ze! cf ЙЁ akichi unoccupied ground, vacant lot
5^йЙЙЁ bunjochi (building) lots for sale
00 [original meaning] (surface ofthe world, as
distinguished from heaven) earth
0 Earth, the Earth
а ЙЁЖ jigoku hell; inferno
ЙЁ^РШ chiheisen horizon
5^ЙЁ tenchi heaven and earth; top and bot-
tom
^<ЙЁ daichi ground, earth, solid earth
b ЙЁЙ< chi куй the Earth
ЙЁЯя chikaku crust (of the earth)
ЙЁЙЙ chijiku axis ofthe earth
ЙЁ1ЫЙ chiddsetsu heliocentric [Copernican]
theory
ЙЁШЖ chijiki terrestrial magnetism
©0 [also suffix] (particular location) place,
grounds, position
0 [also suffix] (particular region) place, locality,
region, district
а ЙЁ Д chiten spot, point, place
ЙЁ kakuchi every place, various parts
[areas] (ofthe country)
ЙЙЁ kichi base
НЙЁ danchi (public) housing development
?ЙЙЁ genchi actual place [locale]
^ЙЁ tochi this place [locality], here
§ЙЁ banchi lot [house] number, address
^ЙЁ yochi room, space, margin
ВЙЁ bochi graveyard, cemetery, burial
grounds
Ж'ЬЙЁ bakushinchi center of explosion
b ЙЁ7С jimoto local end, local area
ЙЁ^з chimei place name
ЖЙЁ sanchi place of production; place of
birth
ЙЙЁ henchi remote place
Ж/т>ЙЁ kanreichi cold [northern] district
ЖР^ЙЁ enkakuchi distant place
0 (main surface or background, as in a painting)
ground, background
ЙЁ^г jigane ore; ground metal; one's true
character
ЙЁЖ1 jihada one’s skin; surface ofthe ground;
texture
ЙЁЙ jiiro ground color
Й ЙЁ shiroji white (back)ground
~ГЙЁ shitaji groundwork, prearrangement;
grounding, making
0152
66
3-3 E
— 1
®itil muji solid color
00 one's ground, one's stand, one's place,
one's position
0 state of one's emotions
a ЙИЙ chii position, status, post, social stand-
ing
ДЙ kenchi standpoint, viewpoint
ЙЙ kyuchi predicament, difficult situation,
dilemma
jitchi actuality, reality; practice
kyochi state, stage; field, ground
b 'L/й kokochi feeling, mood
ЖЙЁ iji nature, disposition; will power, back-
bone
0 natural, in its natural [original] form, inher-
ent
ЙЛ jiriki one's own strength
ЙЖ jigoe natural voice
jimina plain, sober, unpretentious
ЙЖ& jimichina steady, straight, fair
ЖЙ soji inclination, makings; grounding,
foundation
kiji one's true color [character]; (plain)
cloth, texture; unglazed pottery
© [also suffix] fabric, texture, cloth, material
ЙКЙ fukuji cloth, dress material, clothing fab-
ric
МЙ uraji lining (cloth), material for lining
ЯЙ atsuji thick cloth
ЖЙ oriji fabric, texture
^ЙЙЙ taoruji toweling
purintoji printed cloth
[INDEPENDENT!
[chi ffi]
О (solid surface of the earth) ground, earth, land
ashi о chi ni tsukete with
one's feet planted on the ground, with
steady steps
0 (particular location) place, grounds, position
Й0ЭД chi no ri vantage ground, advanta-
geous position
ЖК0Й keishdnochi place of scenic
beauty
► PRINCESS
HI Ц] ki kisaki
0153 E1-3-3	& 38	Joyo	S6-3-3	K4062
		C1548	®206	U5983
[4	\i	S	:i			
1	2	3	4	5	6	
ICOMPOUNDSl 0 (wife of a member of the Imperial or Royal family)				
princess, queen, empress; consort (as of an				
emperor) hidenka Her Imperial Highness				
HEE ohi queen, empress				
BE kohi	queen consort, empress, queen			
SI HEE shinndhi Imperial princess				
	► AS JO NYO goto(shi)A Ц] nao			
0154	к	Joyo	S6-3-3	K3901
El-3-3	38	D1764	®207	U5982
П
i
I
Ф
J
1
J
f
4	|^l
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О as, like, as if, such as
nyojitsuni truly, realistically
Йж nyoze thus, so, like this
nyorai Buddha
'ГЙЗЖО funyoino contrary to one's wishes,
hard up, pressed for money
0 suffix added to modifiers (noun adjectives
or adverbs) to express a state
totsujo suddenly, unexpectedly
ketsujo lack, shortage
yakujotaru vivid, graphic, lifelike
[KUN]
[gotoshi Й1L ] like, as, as if
< gotoku like, as if
.no gotoshi be like, be as if,
seem
[SPECIAL READINGS]
#ПНЖ ikaga how; what
ikan what; how
(Z A ikani how, in what way
67
0153-0154
ikanimo indeed, really; as if
Ез-З
1
► LIKE
► FAVORABLE
KO kono(mu) su(ku) yo(i)A i(i)A
HO yoshi konomi
i 0155
$ П1-3-3
	Jdyd-4	S6-3-3	K2505
38	A0487	®208	U597D
Ф
1
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
f О [original meaning] like, be fond of, love
+	кодаки love of learning
ff	kdbutsu favorite dish
Y ff Я] Ж kokakuka sumo fan, wrestling en-
л	thusiast
Sff^f aikosha lover (of music), fan
l^lff^ dokokai association of like-minded
persons; club
©0 [also prefix] favorable, good, fine
t 0 good-looking, beautiful
a ff DS kocho favorable [good] condition
ff kbki favorable opportunity, good
chance
ffSi kokyd brisk market, prosperity
ff Й koi goodwill, favor, kindness
ff kokan good feeling, good impression
ff W kbhyd favorable criticism [comment],
public favor
ff Ш W koeikyo favorable influence
ff kotsugona favorable, fortunate
&6ff0 zekkdno splendid, grand, best,
golden
b t&xff kakko suitability, moderateness (in
price); shape, form; appearance, manner
[kun]
[konomu ff like, be fond of, prefer
ff A konomi taste, liking; choice; wish; fash-
ion
ff t LH konomashii desirable, welcome,
nice, pleasant
[suku ff < ] like, be fond of, love
$3ff A monozuki curiosity, eccentricity; cu-
riosity seeker
[yoi ff И]sameasyoi ДИ 3558
4oAff L ohitoyoshi good-natured person;
credulous person
[ii ffH] colloquial form of yoi ffH
ffiikagen moderate, right; random,
not thorough, vague
IHOMOPHONESI
yoi
Ж GOOD =>2216
# GOOD =>1501
ii Ж GOOD =>2216
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-3-2: J at 0137
E1-3-3
0156
В1-3-3
► SAIL
HAN ho
Ф	Joyo	S6-3-3	K4033
50	D1996	®210	U5E06
1
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] sail, canvas
ФЯЯп hansen sailing vessel, sailboat
ШФЯЙЙ kihansen motor-powered sailboat
ЖМЙФЯ junpumanpan smooth sailing,
sailing before the wind
[KUN]
[ho ФЯ1 SAIL
ФЯЖ hokage sight of a sail
ФЯЙ hobashira mast
ФЯёН^Йй hokakebune sailing ship, sailboat
ФЯЙнШ homaesen sailing ship
ВФЯ shiraho white sail
ff cf suki liking, fondness; fancy; taste
ff gT/c suki da like, be fond of, love
ff sukikirai likes and dislikes, taste
ff gT ff of sukizuki a matter of taste
0155-0156
68
fr
0157
E1-3-3
► GO
► ACT
► LINE
KO GYO AN i(ku) yu(ku) -yu(ki)
-yuki -i(ki) -iki okona(u) Ц] yasu
nami name tsura michi taka
h	Jdyd-2	S6-6-0	K2552
144	A0030	®212	U884C
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О go, walk, travel
Ъ'ХЁТГ'Ь koshinsuru march, parade
gyoretsu procession, queue; matrix
^h* joko going slowly
Jftfy ryoko travel, trip
ФЪ* hoko walk, walking
ЙЙЪ* гуйкд fashion; prevalence
ЧЧт heikd parallelism, parallel; going side by
side; occurring together
©0 (perform an action) act, do, carry out,
perform, conduct
© (something done) act, action, deed
a fffih kodo action, conduct, behavior
koi act, deed, conduct, transaction
hr®C gyosei administration
It Ж gyoji event, function
jikko practice, action; execution
b ^h* hiko delinquency, misdeed, misde-
meanor
Shr akugyd misdeed, wicked act
© (personal behavior) conduct, behavior
hfit gyogi manners, behavior
fijfT hinko (moral) conduct, behavior, de-
_ portment
ЖтТ genkd speech and conduct
«Мт kikd eccentric conduct
О une (esp. of print), row
TTIhI gyokan between the lines
gyosu linage, number of lines
© religious austerities, self-discipline, asceti-
cism
h* shugyd training, study; ascetic practices
0 business establishment, firm
ЙИт ginko bank
Wfr kogyo public entertainment, show
3-3 E
------------------------------------------------
business	1
© publish
fJfT'T'b kankdsuru publish
^f“T'iTЪ hakko suru publish, issue;	issue	„
(bank notes)	w
MfrФ tankdbon separate volume,	inde-	f
pendent volume	,
© party, suite
—fl* ikkd party, suite	J
© [original meaning] crossroads, road	ф
kotei distancejourney
[INDEPENDENT!
[gyo ff] line (esp. of print), row	f
gyo о aratameru start a new +
paragraph
[kun]	'7
[ikufiX]	)|
О go, proceed, leave for; attend; visit	у
frcT iki(=yuki) going
fa* g^ Sf <	ikitsuku	arrive at, get to	5
fa*^7t ikisaki (=yukisaki) one's destination
fi1 gT J© <5 ikisugiru go too far, go to ex- u 4
tremes
fa* cT cf ikisugi going too far
fa* cf 7Й-6 yukiwataru (=ikiwataru) spread
all over, pervade
fa* g^Ж ikiki comings and goings, traffic
ЬГсГзЖН ikichigai crossing, missing each
other; misunderstanding
yosoyuki (=yosoiki) no formal
(language); best (clothes)
©0 go [fare] (well), turn out
© GO well, turn out well, proceed satisfacto-
rily
a s Ь*^Х£И umaku ikanai go badly, be
unsuccessful
manzokugaiku be satisfied
© [following the TE-form of verbs]
0 auxiliary indicating change in progress: turn,
grow
© auxiliary indicating continuation of action: go
on, continue
а	ITCff oZt Dandanyoga
akete itta Night melted into day
b О o Tfa* < ddnika kutte iku
manage to keep body and soul together
[yuku ff < ] literary form of iku fr<
69
0157
Ез-з
1	yukikaeri going and returning,
both ways
far ^7 yukue one's whereabouts
t-yuki -ffcf, -faf] [suffix] bound for, for
M^faf0ЯЖ tbkydyukino ressha train
i	(bound) for Tokyo
[-iki -ffcfa -fir] [suffix] bound for, for
ftBsfafar osakaiki for Osaka
[okonau ft D ] act, do, perform; practice,
ф carry out
ft V > okonai act, action, deed; conduct, be-
havior
Ф fttltlZ) okonawareru be done, be prac-
r	ticed; take place
* IHOMOPHONESI
1 yuku ffi DEPART THIS LIFE =>1977
	► BUSY			
fat	BO isoga(shii)			
। 0158 E1-3-3	t	Joyo	S6-3-3	K4327
	61	C1467	®214	U5FD9
• bus , occupied
bosatsu sareru be very busily
occupied, be worked to death
tabona busy
hanbddearu be busy, be fully
occupied
[KUN]
[isogashii ft L H] busy, occupied, engaged
ft L a? isogashisa busyness
{±(*"Cft LH shigoto de isogashii be busy
with one's work
► HANDLE
atsuka(u) atsuka(i)
	Joyo	S6-3-3	K1623
64	B0936	®217	U6271
0159
В1-3-3
[KUN]
[atsukau ft 5]
О [original meaning] (manipulate with the hands)
handle, manipulate, work
fi^H^ftd somatsu niatsukau handle (a
thing) roughly
'tfft □ kikai о atsukau work a ma-
chine, handle a tool
Jl^^ftd jozu ni atsukau handle skillfully
00 (deal with) handle (a matter), deal with,
treat, manage
© (trade in) handle (goods), deal in
a	-t: ft □ mondai о atsukau deal with
[handle] a matter
SR 0 ft Z) toriatsukau handle, deal with,
treat; deal in; handle, manipulate, oper-
ate; conduct; accept, take in
Ж -<r ft 5 kusuri о atsukau deal in medi-
cines
bftfoZiHm atsukawanaishina goodsnot
in one's line
© (treat a person in a particular way) handle,
receive, entertain
Л &	(C ft Z) hito о kohei ni atsukau
deal justly with a person
[atsukai ftH]
О [also suffix] (manipulation with the hands) han-
dling, manipulation, operation
ft atsukaikata how to handle, way with
(an animal)
4^—71/ft V V boruatsukai да umai
be good at handling a ball
00 [also suffix] (dealing with a matter) handling,
managing, processing
© [suffix] handling (something) as, regarding
(something) as equivalent to
a JR 0 ft И toriatsukai handling, dealing,
treatment; trading, selling; handling,
manipulation, operation; acceptance,
service
b	konimotsuatsukai parcel con-
signment
ttjffijft shussekiatsukai regard as equiva-
lent to attendance
ЛЙ Л ft И	Ъ tanin atsukai ni suru treat
(a person) as a stranger
© treatment of a person, reception, service
§ftH kyakuatsukai hospitality,
0158-0159
70
3-3
entertainment; service
► POND
CHI ike
0160 E1-3-3			'7 85		Jdyd-2		S6-3-3	K3551
					B0792		®218	U6C60
		✓				Ж,	Ж	
IcompoundsI
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] pond, pool
0 reservoir
а ЖЖ chihan edge of a pond
Ж 73 chishd ponds and swamps
ЛЙЕЖ ydshokuchi fish pond
b It 7КЖ chosuichi reservoir
Я|7КЖ ydsuichi reservoir
Ж Ж denchi electric cell, battery
[KUN]
[ike Ж] pond, pool; reservoir
ГТ<£Ж tameike reservoir, irrigation pond,
cistern
WЖ furuike old pond
► SWEAT
KAN ase
'7	Joyo	S6-3-3	K2032
85	D1634	®220	U6C57
ff
0161
E1-3-3
1	2	3	4	5	6
IcompoundsI
0 sweat, perspiration
FFJUT kansen sweat gland
FFffi kangan sweating from shame
fflflL kanketsu sweat and blood
^FF'T^> hakkansuru perspire, sweat
Tn FF reikan cold sweat
[KUN]
[ase FF] sweat, perspiration
FFS§X cS asekaki one who perspires freely,
great sweater
FFMH asekusai smelling of sweat
FFZl^T' asedakude bathed in perspiration,
dripping with sweat
FF^^V asebamu become slightly sweaty
FF£SX< ase о каки sweat, perspire
Tfj ^FF hiyaase cold sweat
0162
E1-3-3
► INLET
KO e E) go
Joyo	S6-3-3	K2530
B0623	®221	U6C5F
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] large river
kdjd bankof a large river
TZ'iffl kdko general public, the world ("rivers
and lakes")
[kun]
[e 71] inlet, cove
A 0 III irie inlet, cove, creek
0163
E1-3-3
► DIRTY
0 kega(su) kega(reru)
kega(rawashii) yogo(su)
yogo(reru) kitana(i)
Joyo	S6-3-3	K1788
B0888	®222	U6C5A
		7	7	7	7^
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
00 dirty, contaminated, defiled
0 (make or become unclean) dirty, soil, defile;
become dirty, become defiled
a	osui dirty [filthy] water, sewage
obutsu dirt, filth, impurities
b	osen pollution, contamination
0 (bring dishonor upon) defile, disgrace, corrupt,
dishonor
oshoku (official) corruption, bribery
omei bad name, ill fame, disgrace
7*7 oten disgrace, flaw; stain, blot
7*7'® odaku (=ojoku) corruption
[kun]
[kegasu ] (bring dishonor upon) defile,
71
0160-0163
Ез-з
1 --------------------------------------------
disgrace, dishonor, desecrate
Ж meisei о kegasu defile one's
reputation
ц	оппа о kegasu defile [deflower] a
woman
i [kegareru (become unclean) become
x dirty, become defiled, be stained; (be contrary
* to honor or rules) be defiled, get corrupted, be
I stained
ф kegare dirt, uncleanliness; impurity, dis-
grace
4	kegareta te dirty hand, blood(-
ф	stained) hand
kegareta issho dirty [sinful] life
J [kegarawashii Ьdirty,filthy;
у detestable
j '?? 6Ъ L	kegarawashiiminari dirty
*1	getup [appearance]
mirunomo
kegarawashii be detestable to look at
[yogosu (make unclean) make dirty,
soil, defile
fuku о yogosu soil one's clothes
[yogoreru	(become unclean) become
dirty, become defiled
yogore dirt, filth
yogoremono laundry
[kitanai & V*] (unclean) dirty, soiled;
(contrary to honor or rules) dirty, foul, base, ob-
scene
kitanarashii dirty-looking,squalid
kitanaiyarikata dirty trick
□ kuchigitanai foulmouthed
0164
В1-3-3
► TIDE
SEKI shio Ц] ushio
	Names	S6-3-3	K2814
85	D2407	®223	U6C50
ICOMPOUNDSl
• TIDE, ebb tide
choseki ebb and flow, tide
|KUN|
[shio
0 TIDE, current
0 seawater
a 0 shiohigari shell gathering (at low
tide)
b	shiokumi drawing water from the
sea; person who draws water from the
sea
IHOMQPHONESI
shio ЙЯ TIDE =>0516
0165
В1-3-3
► VIGOROUS
► GRAND
SO Hl take takeshi masa tsuyoshi
mori
Joyo	S6-3-3	K3352
D1676	®224	U58EE
1I	'I 	1 			
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О vigorous, robust, strong, able-bodied,
energetic
sokenna vigorous, healthy, robust
kydsdna robust, strong, vigorous
00 (having grandeur) grand, magnificent,
splendid
0 heroic, ambitious, brave, dauntless
a ttSS sokan grand sight, magnificent view
sddaina grand, magnificent, grandi-
ose
soreina grand, magnificent, splendid,
imposing
gosdna grand, magnificent, splendid
kosona grand, magnificent, impos-
ing
b	sdretsuna heroic, brave
sokyo grand scheme, heroic [daring]
attempt
ttzt soshi desperado, brave, swashbuckler
soto ambitious embarkment
yusdna brave, heroic
hisdna pathetic, tragic
0164-0165
72
3-4 [J
0166
В1-3-3
► OMEN
► TRILLION
CHO kiza(su) kiza(shi) [U yoshi
toki
	Jdyd-4	S6-2-4	K3591
10	B0827	®225	U5146
J'J	1 «	
1	2	3	4	5 [COMPOUNDS!		6
О omen, sign, indication, symptom; forebod-
ing
choko symptom, sign; omen
zencho omen, sign
□T5IS kitchd good omen, lucky sign
0 TRILLION (1012)
A5^H hatchden eight trillion yen
[INDEPENDENT!
[cho 5K] omen, sign; trillion (1012)
A	0 fukitsu no cho ari have an ill
omen
[KUN]
[ kizasu 5КT J show signs [symptoms] of
[kizashi L ] omen, sign, symptom
[X| 6D b kyoji no kizashi omen of disas-
ter
[homophones,
kizasu ВД GERMINATE =>1481
kizashi ВД germinate =>1481
► FEATHER
► WING
U ha wa hane
0167	Я	Joyo-2	S6-6-0	K1709
El-3-3	124	B0712	®226	U7FBD
J	3	3		41	33
1	2	3
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] feather, plumage
55 umo feathers, plumage, down
0 wing (of birds or insects), ala
55Ж uyoku wings; assistance
55{t uka emergence (of insects)
[kun]
[ha 35]
О feather, plumage
55 ЙС hagoromo robe of feathers	P
0 WING, ala
55Шх haari winged ant
55^ haoto flapping [whirring] of wings $
55SF habataku flap the wings, flutter |||
0 used phonetically for ha
55 Ш haori Japanese half-length coat, haori
[wa 55] counter for birds or rabbits	2
^55 ichiwa one bird [rabbit]
zs55 sanba three birds [rabbits]
[hane 55] feather, plume; wing, ala I
55ФИ hanebuton feather quilt	f
Л-/-	►BAMBOO CHIKU take Щ taka				p
0168 H E1-3-3	118	Joyo-1	S6-6-0	K3561	1
	B0680	®228	U7AF9	
7 1	2	3	4	5 ICOMPOUNDSl		w- 6		
0 BAMBOO
chikuba no tomo childhood friend,
old playmate
ФТИ* chikuzai bamboo
chikurin bamboo grove
[kun]
[take ft] bamboo
ФТЙ0Х takezaiku bamboo work
1*2* takesei made of bamboo
12* Ж takeuma (=chikuba) stilts
[SPECIAL READINGS]
VfJ] shinai bamboo sword
0169
В1-3-4
► RECITE
GIN
□	Joyo	S7-3-4	K2267
30	D1993	®230	U541F
73
0166-0169
Е 3-4
1 ~--------------------------------------------
|1 |п р ip7 ip^lp^Np^l
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSI
P О recite (a poem), chant, intone
j.	gin'ei reciting [chanting] a poem; poem
P^’Pb'T-?) ginshosuru recite, chant
$ pxF^ shigin reciting Chinese poems
[Il 0 examine carefully
ginmisuru examine closely, scruti-
I nize

incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-3-3: P at 0150
E1-3-4
0171
E1-3-4
► SONNY
► COLLOQUIAL PERSON
SUFFIX
ВО ВОТ-
±	Joyo	S7-3-4	K4323
32	D1717	®233	U574A
)| 0 BLOW on, play on a wind instrument
© [original meaning] blow, breathe out
a PfcW suisd playing wind instruments
SfcOfc’t^ kosuisuru inspire, inculcate, advo-
cate
b PfcPJl'T'?) suimeisuru blow (a whistle)
[KUN]
[fuku Pfc<]
OO blow, breathe out
© blow (as a trumpet), play on a wind
instrument
a Pfc cS j&tV fukikomu blow into, breathe into
Pfc g!" Hj'T fukidasu blow out; begin to blow
b ffiPfc gT fuefuki flute player
0 (of wind) BLOW
PfccT^tl-b fukiareru blow violently
cf V fukidamari snowdrift, drift of
dust [sand]
[SPECIAL READINGS]
В Pfc ibuki breath
Pfc =1 fubuki snowstorm
[HOMOPHONES]
fuku РЙ SPOUT =>0505
- + J J'
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSI
О SONNY, boy, Sonny boy
boya sonny, sonny boy, boy
botchan sonny, boy; Master Dar-
ing; greenhorn, baby
0 COLLOQUIAL person SUFFIX: indicates
endearment, intimacy or derision, as the
English "Jimmy boy" for James or such nick-
names as "fatso" for a fat person
akanbo baby
harubo nickname for such names as
Haruo or Haruko
asanebo late riser, sleepy head
kechinbo miser, niggard, stingy
fellow
JtHl/ZutS kuishinbo glutton
Жfuraibo wanderer, vagabond, hobo
miebd fop, swell, dude, coxcomb
0 Buddhist priest [monk], bonze
Й/НЁ bozu Buddhist priest [monk], bonze;
shaven head; sonny, sonny boy, boy
Й $ hj bosan Buddhist priest
WW gobo Reverend
0172
В1-3-4
► SLOPE
HAN saka ® ban
±	Jdyd-3	S7-3-4	K2668
32	B0797	®234	U5742
- |+ i
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] slope, incline, hill
0170-0172
74
йЖ kyuhan steep hill [slope]
tohan climbing a slope [hill]
[kun]
[saka Й0 slope, incline, hill
sakamichi slope
_t О 4Й noborizaka ascent, upward slope
IHOMQPHONESI
saka BF OSAKA =>®271
0175
E1-3-4
► HINDER
BO samata(geru)
Joyo	S7-3-4	K4324
C1463	®238	U59A8
P
i
38
4			
3-4 Д
— 1
► EVEN
KIN Щ hitoshi
0173
D1-3-4
Jdyd-5	S7-3-4	K2249
B0696	®235	U5747
- + i У
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 even, uniform, equal, same, symmetrical,
well-balanced
© [original meaning] make even, level
a i£j—kin'itsuna uniform, equal, even
kintono equal, uniform
kinshitsu homogeneity
kinbun equal division
b kinsei symmetry
kinko balance, equilibrium
heikin average, (arithmetical) mean;
equilibrium, balance
in
0174
В1-3-4
► PIT
KO
Joyo	S7-3-4	K2503
D2010	®236	U5751
+ 3 y Irinin
1____2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
• pit (of a mine), mine-pit, mine
4пП kokd pithead, minehead
kogaide out ofthe pit
i/Lzfe kofu miner
4пЛ kdnai mine-pit, shaft
S£tn koko mine, shaft, pit
tanko coal-mine, coal pit
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 hinder, interfere with, disturb, obstruct,
impede
bogaisuru disturb, hinder, ob-
struct, hamper, impede, interfere
bogaihoso radio jamming
[KUN]
[samatageru JSfrf &] hinder, interfere with,
disturb, obstruct, impede
4ЙН samatage hindrance, obstruction, dis-
turbance
06 & № Ъ suimin о samatageru dis-
turb one's sleep
I
J
P
1
0176
E1-3-4
► MARVELOUS
MYO tae’
tn	Joyo	S7-3-4	K4415
38	C1169	®239	U5999
( 4 j J)
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (causing wonder) marvelous, wonderful,
miraculous
© [original meaning] of marvelous beauty,
exquisite, charming, subtle
0 (of incredible excellence) marvelous,
superb, excellent; adroit, ingenious
a myoyaku miracle drug, golden remedy
zetsumydna miraculous, exquisite,
superb
b	myohorengekyd Lotus Sutra
й>1$£ myomi subtle charm, beauty
bimyona elegant, exquisite
bimyona subtle,delicate
c myoan bright idea, excellent plan
myogi wonderful skill; stunt
75
0173-0176
Е 3-4
1	кдтубпа skillful, ingenious, clever
О (arousing marvel) strange, odd, queer, singu-
lar
g nf	kimyo na strange, queer, odd
chinmyona queer, odd, fantastic
i IINDEPENDENTl
$ [myo mystery, miracle, wonder; strange-
ty neSS
mydna strange, queer, funny
J	myoniomou think strange
a
t
r
I?
0 [original meaning] become pregnant, con-
ceive
© pregnant, expectant
а Ъ ninshin suru become pregnant,
conceive
hinin contraception
Ulffi kainin pregnancy, conception
funin sterility
b ЙЖ ninpu pregnant woman
ninsanpu pregnant women and nurs-
ing mothers
0177
E1-3-4
► BECOME PREGNANT
NIN
Joyo	S7-3-4	K3905
D1602	®240	U598A
38
ICOMPOUNDSl
В1-3-4
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-3-5: $ at 0210
a bunki divergence, ramification, forking
bunkiten junction
taki many branches, many divergences
b (Й1Й kiro forked road, crossroad
► ATTACK
KO se(meru) ID osamu
0179	in	Joyo	S7-4-3	K2522
E1-3-4	66	B0655	®242	U653B
J :T J
ICOMPOUNDSl
О attack, take the offensive
kdgeki attack, assault; criticism; baseball
batting
kosei offensive, aggression
koryaku capture, conquest; invasion
1ЕЙСЙ; seikohd regular tactics for attack
0 specialize, study
кбкуй investigation, research
Ъ senko suru major in, specialize in
[KUN]
[semeru Й 36 <5] attack, take the offensive
J&36 seme [also suffix] attack, offensive, bom-
bardment; batting
1^36^31? semekomu attack and invade
ЙЗбЙЙ^" semehorobosu attack and over-
throw, utterly destroy
KIr®36 shitsumonzeme barrage of ques-
tions
IHOMOPHONESI
semeru Ж responsibility =>1595
seme Ж responsibility =>1595
► DIVERGE
KI ID michi mata
0178	Uj	Joyo	S7-3-4	K2084
£1-3-4	46	C1270	®241	U5C90
1 J. ib ib~~ ib4- ibj^ ibj^
...i....2....3.....4....5.....6.....7..
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 diverge, branch off, ramify, fork
0 [original meaning] forked road, branch road
0180
E1-3-4
► REFORM
KAI arata(meru) arata(maru)
in	Jdyd-4	S7-4-3	K1894
66	A0143	®243	U6539

1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 reform, renew, rectify, correct, revise,
0177-0180
76
amend
0 change, convert, modify
0 redo, renew
a	kaizen suru improve, ameliorate
ЙЙТ kaishin renovation, reformation
kaikaku reform, reformation
i&iE kaisei revision, amendment
kaichiku remodeling, rebuilding
b ЙС^В kaimei changing a name
kaigyosuru change
linestparagraphs]
c ЙСЖ kaisen reelection
kaiso reburial
0 examine, inspect
SctL kaisatsu ticket examination
[KUN]
[aratameru reform, rectify, cor-
rect; renew, redo; change, alter; revise, im-
prove
Й£Й>”С aratamete again, over again, anew;
formally
kuiaratameru repent, be peni-
tent
кд о aratameru rewrite a
manuscript
[aratamaru be renewed, be reno-
vated; change, be improved, be REFORMed
^^ЙС S Ъ Toshi да aratamaru The new
year comes round
0181
El-3-4
► SERVICE
YAKU EKI Щ e mamoru
Jdyd-3	S7-3-4	K4482
A0283	®244	U5F79
; А у rtsts
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
[COMPOUNDS!
OO service, public service, duty, official post,
office
© executive, officer, public servant, official,
director, person in charge
a TSeFt yakusho public [government] office
1ЙШ yakuba public office
fSffi yakugara nature [quality] of one's office,
one's position
3-4 E
fS @ yakume duty, function; role
tx JI yakuin officer, leader, director
tSA yakunin government official
b TtS shitayaku subordinate official
ttltS joyaku assistant official; deputy mayor;	M
deputy station-master	J
StS juyaku director, executive
ЖёИх torishimariyaku director	”
00 press into service, enlist one's service,	|ll
employ
© unpaid service, exacted labor, work,
corvee	2
0 military service, army duty
a {j£tS shieki employment, service; gram causa-
tive	f
^jtS roeki labor, work, toil	+
JttS zatsueki miscellaneous services, odd	*
jobs
®tS choeki penal servitude, imprisonment	*
with hard labor	3
ь txi^ ekimu labor, service
t§i ekigyu work cattle	,
c fttS heieki military service	**
taiekisuru retire from military serv-
ice
ffitS yobieki service in the first reserve
0 service, serviceability, usefulness, utility
tSlAA yakudatsu be of use, serve a purpose
tSltT-b yakudateru put to use, make use
of, turn to account
0 [also suffix] role, part, cast
tSW’J yakuwari assigning [allotment of] parts;
part, role, duty
yakusha actor, actress
SEtS haiyaku cast (of a play)
StS akuyaku villain (of the piece)
itS shuyaku leading part, starring role
KTtS wakiyaku supporting actor [role]
ffitS kaoyaku influential man, boss
Ю 4 'А Ь A x U A tS mefisutoferesu
yaku part of Mephistopheles
[INDEPENDENT!
[yaku tSJ
O0 office, post, position
© role, part; duty, function
a	yaku о tsutomeru hold an
office; act (as), play the part (of)
b idZDOtS^iKC-?) oseronoyakuo
77
0181
Е 3-4
1	enjiru act [play] the part of Othello
nakodo no yaku
о katte deru offer one's service as a
matchmaker
P © SERViCEability, usefulness, utility, help
J ICXL'O yaku ni tatsu be useful, be helpful
, fS 1L ZtИ yaku ni tatanai be useless,
J	be of no avail
ill rR	► PLEASANT KAI kokoroyo(i)			
0182 ф И1-3-4	t 61	Jdyd-5	S7-3-4	K1887
		Cl 142	®245	U5FEB
Й I'' t			ft ft	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7 7 ICOMPOUNDSl				
О [original meaning] pleasant, agreeable,
r? comfortable, delightful, jolly
। ft^ kaikan agreeable sensation, comfort
ftiiSZi kaitekina comfortable, pleasant,
„	agreeable
ftH< kairaku pleasure, enjoyment
'hnjftZi yukaina pleasant, delightful,joyful
'Pftfc fukaina unpleasant, disagreeable
0 [also prefix] splendid, fine, good
ft^ kaikyo brilliant achievement, heroic
deed [feat]
ft Bit kaisei fine weather, fair and clear
weather
© fast, speedy, rapid, quick
ft Ж kaisoku high speed; fast (local) train
ftitl kaiso fast running, fast sailing
ft ЛЮ kaisoku no quick of foot, fast
Wft tokkai special fast (local) train
®ft^ keikaina light, nimble, quick; cheer-
ful
0 recover, convalesce
ft>?7 kaiho convalescence
^ft zenkai complete recovery
[KUN]
[ kokoroyoi ft И ] pleasant, agreeable,
comfortable, delightful, refreshing
ft kokoroyoku cheerfully, comfortably;
gladly, willingly
ft
0183
В1-3-4
► PULL OUT
► STANDOUT
BATSU nu(ku) -nu(ku) nu(ki)
nu(keru) nu(kasu) nu(karu)
	Joyo	S7-3-4	K4020
64	B0648	®246	U629C
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] pull out, draw out, ex-
tract, remove
ft® basshi tooth extraction
ft Ж basshi removal [extraction] of stitches
ft71 batto drawing a sword; drawn sword
ft®MZ£ bappontekina radical, drastic
^ftO fubatsuno indomitable, unswerving
0 single out, select, pick out, extract, excerpt
ftflT batteki selection, choice
ft^£ bassui extract, excerpt, selection
jSft^"^ senbatsusuru select, choose, pick
out
0 stand out [above], rise above, surpass,
excel
ftffifO batsugunno preeminent, outstand-
ing
nfftZX kibatsuna novel, unconventional,
extraordinary
takubatsu suru excel, surpass,
stand high, be distinguished
#8ft kaibatsu above sea level
[KUN]
[nuku ft<]
O0 pull out, draw out, extract
0 leave out, omit, skip
a *71 c^ft < hikinuku pull [draw] out, extract;
single [pick] out, choose, recruit
b ft < teo пики scamp [skimp] one's
work, cut corners
0 outstrip, surpass, excel
ft cfZutti Ъ nukinderu excel, stand out, be
preeminent
[-nuku -ft < ] [verbal suffix] perform an ac-
tion to the end, stick it out
®Gfft< ikinuku live through
Si 0 ft < odorinuku dance away
0182-0183
78
3-4 E
[nuki Ш gT] [also suffix] leaving out, omission
Rx ЙШ ofT' aisatsu wa nuki de with-
out compliments [greetings]
yushoku nukide without hav-
ing supper
[nukeru R come [fall] out [off], es-
cape; leave, quit, withdraw, be left out, be
missing
R nukege fallen hair, combings
R nukedasu get [slip] out of, break
loose
R kai о nukeru withdraw from a
society [meeting]
—R& H <5 Ichigyd nukete iru A line is
left out
[nukasu Rt^T ] leave out, omit, skip
JFR^T nipeji nukasu skiptwopages
[nukaru R^&J commit a blunder, make a
slip
R/^ 0 nukari slip, blunder, oversight
0184
E1-3-4
► LEND SUPPORT TO
FU Ц] suke tasuku
7	Joyo	S7-3-4	K4162
64	D1906	®247	U6276
12	3	4	5	6	7
[compounds!
• lend support to, support, hold up, sustain
RIS'T-?) fиуд suru support, maintain
RJS'T'b fujosuru support, sustain
RW fuiku bringing up (children)
► SKILL
Gl waza
0185	1=	Jdyd-5	S7-3-4	K2127
E1-3-4	64	A0394	®248	U6280
[compounds!
• [original meaning] skill, ability, craft, art
RUS gijutsu technique, art, skill; technology
Htb gind skill, ability, capacity
gishi engineer, technician
RS giryd skill, ability, capacity
giko art, craftsmanship, technical skill;
trick
HR kyogi match, contest, game; sporting
event
?MR engi acting, performance
t$R tokugi one's special ability [talent], one's
special skill [art]
^R jitsugi practical technique [skill]
[kun]
[waza R] skill, ability, craft, art
R£W< waza о migaku improve one's skill
IHOMOPHONESI
waza WORK =>1674
1
► GRIP
HA WA
В1-3-4
t	Joyo	S7-3-4	K3936
64	D1665	®249	U628A
ICOMPOUNDSl
П
i
d
iii
i
В
t
'7
3
P
1
Ф [original meaning] grip, grasp, seize, hold
haakusuru grip, grasp; under-
stand, grasp
hajisuru grasp, hold, grip
0187
И1-3-4
► CRITICIZE
HI
7	Jdyd-6	S7-3-4	K4067
64	B0618	®250	U6279
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф criticize, comment, review
tttW hihyo criticism, comment
tttiS hinan criticism, blame
hihydka critic, reviewer
ttLftl hihan criticism, comment
79
0184-0187
Е 3-4
1
Р
i
$
111
I
В
t
'7
P
=1
0188
El-3-4
► RESIST
KO
7	Joyo	S7-3-4	K2519
64	B0726	®252	U6297
© [original meaning] resist, defy, oppose
kdso dispute, resistance
ЙрЙ kogi protest, remonstrance, objection
StfL hanko resistance, opposition, defiance
ЙЖ'Т'?) teikosuru resist, oppose, defy
taiko suru oppose, antagonize,
rival; counteract
fukakdryoku actof god, irresisti-
ble force
0189
El-3-4
► BREAK OFF
► FOLD
SETSU o(ru) ori o(ri) -o(ri) o(reru)
*	Jdyd-4	S7-3-4	K3262
64	B0943	<8*253	U6298
О (separate through the application of a sudden
bending force) break off (as a branch), break
(a bone), snap (in two), split
tff^ seppan halving
iff Ж setchu compromise, eclecticism
#tff kossetsu bone fracture
0 FOLD
iff Й sekkaku with much trouble; specially
© bend
ffitff kyokusetsu bending, winding; zigzags
ВЙТ kussetsu bending, turn; refraction
[kun]
[oru iff 6]
О (separate through the application of a sudden
bending force) break off (as a branch), break
(a bone), snap (in two), split
®£“$iff<5 ha oipponoru break a tooth
heshioru smash, shatter
0 FOLD
iff 0 orikasaneru fold back [up]
iff 0 £EE origami folded paper; the art of pa-
per folding
© bend, turn back
iff ffi orimageru bend, double, turn
up [down]
iff 0 Ж’Т orikaesu turn back; turn up
iff 0 Ж L orikaeshi turn, turning point; re-
turn (trip), shuttle (service); lapel
[ori iff, iff D ] occasion, time, chance, op-
portunity
iff iff oriori sometimes, occasionally, once in a
while
iff 0 (dftfetV'C orinifurete on opportunity,
occasionally
Hvftff tokiori sometimes, occasionally
[-ori -iff 0 ] counter for number of FOLDings
iff ty 0 $ futatsuoriban no hon
books in folio
[oreru iff ПЗ] vibreak, snap; be FOLDed, be
doubled; turn (to the right or left); give in,
yield
Й of /и <hiff pokinto oreru snap, break
with a snap
iff ns oreme crease, fold
tffnffi^-b oremagaru be folded
^E(dtffn^) hidarini oreru turn to the left
oreau make concessions, come to
an agreement
I HOMOPHONES |
oru WEAVE =>0958
[note]
★do not confuse with iff analyze =>0578
0190
E1-3-4
► EXCERPT
SHO
7	Joyo	S7-3-4	K3022
64	D2290	®254	U6284
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSI

0 excerpt, extract, abridge, select
© [also suffix] excerpt, selection, summary,
abridgment
0188-0190
80
a	shdshutsu suru take excerpts
shoroku quotation, summary
shoyaku abridged translation
shohon extract, abstract
ь	heikemonogatarisho Abridged
Version ofthe Historic Romance ofthe
Taira Family
0191
E1-3-4
► SELECT
TAKU
	Joyo	S7-3-4	K3482
64	B0873	®255	U629E
- t J WK
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] select, choose, pick out
iBtR'T%> sentaku suru select, choose
saitakusuru adopt, select
—nisha-takuitsu choosing an alter-
native
► THROW
► SENDIN
TO na(geru) -na(ge)
0192	t	Jdyd-3	S7-3-4	K3774
E1-3-4	64	A0192	®256	U6295
- .1I	If	iM		
1	2	3	:	4	5	6	7	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
00 [original meaning] throw, cast, throw
down
© baseball pitch, pitching
a lx~F toka throwing down, dropping, airdrop;
investment
Ъ tokisuru abandon, give up, throw
away
1x5 toseki throwing stones
ftjtF'T'b tdtekisuru throw
toshu pitcher
ftSR tokyu throwing a ball, pitching
fttT toda pitching and batting
Aft rikito all-out pitching
#?ft koto good [nice] pitching
TElx't"^ kantdsuru pitch a whole game
3-4 Д
------------------------------------------- 1
0 project (an image), cast
txSZ tdei cast shadow; projection
IxlH tosha projection; phys incidence
© send in [to], submit, deliver	ц
1хШ tosho contribution, letter (from a
reader)	i
lx Ж tokd contribution (to a magazine)	a
“b tohyosuru vote, cast a ballot
ftW toshi investment	(l
ftA'T-b tonyHsuru invest; throw into	j
(INDEPENDENT!
Ltojiru (=tdzuru) ft C3(=ftT&)J throw,
cast, pitch; send in [to]; launch into, join; in-
vest, spend on	ф
[KUN]
[nageru ftthrow, cast, pitch; throw ’
[give] up, abandon	Y
ft W nage throw, throwing; giving up; shake-
out
ft 5Ж Й'Т nagetobasu fling away	P
IHx^f minage suicide by drowning or jump-
ing from a high place
ft nagedasu throw out; throw [give]
up, abandon, leave off
[-nage -ft J [also suffix] sports throw,
throwing
7\>V—ft 5 hanmanage hammer throw
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ft^fi toami casting net
► SUPPRESS
YOKU osa(eru)
0193 E1-3-4	1= 64	Joyo	S7-3-4	K4562
		B0852	®257	U6291
- t I r ¥ W
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (hold down) suppress, repress, restrain
0 (put down forcibly) suppress, bring under
control
a	yokuseisuru control, suppress,
inhibit
yokushisuru deter, check, hold
back
81
0191-0193
Е 3-4
1 ----------------------------------------------
1 ЙШ? уокигуй detainment, detention, in-
ternment, arrest
b	yokuatsusuru oppress, repress,
suppress
П Й1ШХ yokuutsu depression, dejection
J 0 lower, tone down
, ЙШ yokuyo rising and falling (of tones), in-
5	tonation
|Il [KUN]
j [osaeru ЙЛ&]
0 (hold down) suppress, repress, restrain,
I—* control, hold down; check, curb, stop; keep
back, withhold
, 0 (put down forcibly) suppress, subdue, bring
I under control
£ а Й A osae check, defense, suppression; con-
trol
f Л О H osaegatai irrepressible, uncontrol-
lable
b	hanran о osaeru stifle a
|5	rebellion
)| | HOMOPHONES]
osaeru	PUSH =>0234
osae J? PUSH =>0234
~pFf	incorrect stroke-count
J |ZL	=>see В1 -3-5: t at 0231
Д1-3-4______________________________________
4ЯГ4	incorrect stroke-count
1ZK	=>see E1 -3-3: t at 0159
E1-3-4
► SINK
BOTSU
0194		Joyo	S7-3-4	K4355
E1-3-4	85	C1383	®260	U6CA1
						
			}		j \j7	г#; ,,/Ai
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] sink into the water,
submerge; sink below the horizon
0 sink into the ground, subside, fall in
а /Юй'З’-Ь suibotsu suru sink, submerge
Ъ chinbotsu suru sink, go to the bot-
tom
В nichibotsu sunset
b %) maibotsusuru be buried; fall into
oblivion
kanbotsusuru sink, fall, cave in
0 be sunk in thought, become absorbed in
bottosuru be absorbed in
SAT?) botsunyusuru be immersed in
(one's work), be absorbed in
0 die, perish
йсШ botsugo after one's death
botsunen year of death
Щсйс'З"%> senbotsusuru be killed in action
0195
В1-3-4
► SINK
CHIN shizu(mu) shizu(meru)
Joyo	S7-3-4	K3632
C1304	®261	U6C88
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 sink, submerge, go down
0 [original meaning] (cause to) sink, submerge
a	chinbotsu suru sink, go to the
bottom
chinka subsidence, sinking
ЯЖ chinden precipitation, settlement
ЯЖ chintai stagnation, dullness
fuchin rise and fall, ebb and flow; ups
and downs
b Ъ gekichin suru attack and sink a
ship
0 (sink into depression) depressed, melancholy
ttWxZ£ chin'utsuna melancholy, gloomy
0 quiet, still
chinchaku composure, self-possession
chinmoku silence, reticence, taciturnity
[KUN]
[shizumu ittT] sink, submerge, go down;
set
kjtz. Fune да shizunda A ship sank
В	Hi да shizumu The sun sets
[shizumeru sink, send to the bot-
tom, submerge
ЙИЁ ЙСФ Ъ tekikan о shizumeru sink an
0194-0195
82
enemy ship
[homophones]
shizumeru
QUELL =>1154
Й QUIET =>1138
0196
E1-3-4
► OFFING
CHU oki
r	Joyo	S7-3-4	K1813
85	B0829	®262	U6C96
[oki ?Ф] [also suffix] offing, offshore, open
sea
M’o* И okiai offing, offshore
?ФЙ 0 okizuri offshore fishing
Т4гП?Ф nikirooki two kilometers offshore
► DECIDE
KETSU ki(meru) -gi(me) ki(maru)
Ц) sadamu
0197	7	Jdyd-3	S7-3-4	K2372
E1-3-4	85	A0080	®263	U6C7A
3-4 П
,	----------------------------------- 1
[INDEPENDENT!
[kesshite ft LT] never, by no means, not
at all	<
[KUN]	Ц
[kimeru ft&bT]	j.
О decide, determine, fix	,
Й	T ft ЪЬ Ъ jibun de kimeru decide by
oneself	|]|
0 agree upon, arrange
IXOft^) torikime decision, agreement
© (bring to a conclusion) settle, conclude 5
ft tibI'f'b kimetsukeru scold, take (a per- у,
son) to task	я
ft$)^ kimete decisive factor, clincher;	Ф
trump card, winning move	r
[-gime -ft£6] indicates periods of time (esp.
months)
[kimaru ft^-5]
О be DECiDEd [fixed], be settled, be arranged
ft 0 kimari settlement, conclusion; rule, 1
regulation; custom
“HH 0 (hft^oTLT Jugonichito
kimatte iru The date is fixed for the
15th of the month
0 be certain [sure], be a matter of course
Ате да furuni
kimatte iru It is sure to rain
12	3	4	5	6	7
[COMPOUNDS!
0 (make up one's mind) decide, determine, fix
0 (pronounce judgment) decide, resolve, settle
0 decision
а ft/L kettei decision, settlement, conclusion
ft:M ketsui resolution, determination
ft?L kesshin determination, resolution, deci-
sion
$?ft kaiketsu solution, settlement
ь ft Ж kessan settlement of accounts
ftI8£ kessho decision (of a contest)
ft IS ketsugi resolution, decision
с Wft hanketsu judicial decision, judgment,
sentence
^IftT-b kaketsusuru approve [adopt] a bill
86 ft saiketsu decision, ruling
[HOMOPHONES!
kimeru ® extreme =><S>1017
-gime ffi extreme =>®1017
kimaru ffi extreme =>®1017
0198	7	Joyo-2	S7-3-4	K2105
E1-3-4	85	D1985	®264	U6C7D
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 steam, vapor
'Л.Ж kisha (steam) train
RfiG kisen steamship
kiatsu steam pressure
kikan boiler
83
0196-0198
Е 3-4
1 —:------------------------
1 Йх Ей kiteki steam whistle
i 0199
$ В1-3-4
► SAND
SA SHA suna [Ц masago
Names	S7-3-4	K2627
D1962	®266	U6C99
III ICOMPOUNDSl
J O0 [original meaning] sand (of granular con-
stitution), tiny gravel or pebbles
I—*	© SANDy plain, the sands
a Й<1т sakyu sand dune, sand hill
, b ЙЙЖ sabaku desert
' 0 wash, sift, sort
f	W ЙС L	Gobusata shite
orimasu I haven't seen you for a long
time
[KUN]
P [suna SAND, grit
л IHOMQPHONESI
suna S' SAND =>0772
0200
E1-3-4
► SIFT OUT
TA TAI
r	Names	S7-3-4	K3433
85	D2278	®266.5	U6C70
ICOMPOUNDSl
©SIFT OUT
Ъ totasuru select, weed out, screen,
sift; dismiss, cashier
shizen-tota natural selection
Й'ЙС sata instructions; notice, tidings, rumor;
affair
► MARSH
TAKU sawa
0201	7	Joyo	S7-3-4	K3484
E1-3-4	85	A0310	®267	U6CA2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] marsh, swamp
shotaku marsh, swamp
0 plentiful, abundant
JRlll takusan large quantity, plenty, abun-
dance
ilHiR juntaku abundance, plenty
8fx?R zeitaku luxury, extravagance
[KUN]
[sawa JR] marsh, swamp; valley, dale
?RjS sawabe edge of a swamp
?RJ& sawachi marshy land
J ^=TiR ichinokurasawa Ichinokura Valley
E1-3-4
0202
В1-3-4
incorrect stroke-count
=>see D1-3-3: 7 at 0163
► CRAZY
KYO kuru(u) kuru(oshii)
kuru(wasu) kuru(waseru)
Joyo	S7-3-4	K2224
C1499	®269	U72C2
У	5	3	if	IT	ж
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] crazy, mad, insane
kyokino insane, mad, crazy
SEA kydjin lunatic, maniac
ЙАЖ kydkenbyd rabies
kydtekina insane, fanatic
%) hakkyosuru go mad, become in-
sane [crazy]
0 [suffix] (enthusiastic fan) maniac, fanatic, fan,
enthusiast
3SA5E satsujinkyd homicidal maniac
eigakyd cinema enthusiast, movie
fan
settdkyo kleptomaniac
henshitsukyo (=henshukyd) mono-
maniac
[KUN]
[kuruu ff O ] become insane [crazy], go
mad; become crazy about (someone); go wild,
rave; get out of order, be upset
0199-0202
84
kuruijini death in madness
О onnanikuruu run mad after a girl
Z) Я arekuruu kaze raving wind
W3 Tokei да kurutte iru My
watch is not right
[kuruoshii	driving mad, distract-
ing
£Е4э L И Ж H kuruoshii omoi maddening
thought
[kuruwasu SEbTJ drive crazy [mad]; put
out of order
[kuruwaseru £Ebtb&] drive crazy [mad]
Hr£E bit bankuruwase upsetting of ar-
rangements, upset, surprise
0203
В1-3-4
► PREVENT
BO fuse(gu)
15	Joyd-5	S7-3-4	K4341
170	A0403	<8)270	U9632
’ 1 F f' FW
12	3	4	5	6	7
[compounds!
00 prevent, hold in check, keep away, shut
out
0 PREVENTing, -proof, anti-
fl Ъ boshisuru prevent, hold in check
bojo pest control, extermination
$7$. bosai disaster prevention
'/ЙЙ/ shobo fire fighting, prevention and ex-
tinction of fires
TBj yobd prevention, protection, precaution
b boka fire prevention, fireproof
Bfs boon soundproof
ISzK bosui waterproof
КеЬЙУ bochuzai insecticide, vermicide
Й/ЖЙУ bofuzai antiseptic
00 defend, guard against, protect, resist
0 defense
a	bdeisuru defend, protect, safe-
guard, shield
bobi defense, defensive preparations
IWW bogyo defense, protection, safeguard
1ЙШ bosen defensive battle
b HB? kokubd national defense
0 [original meaning] dike
3-4 Ц
--------------------------------------------- 1
teibo bank, embankment, dike-----------------1
|KUN]
[fusegu № <"]	—।
О prevent, keep off, ward off	Ц
Й7 densen о fusegu prevent infec- .
tion	*
0 defend, protect, resist	fy
shinryaku о fusegu	defend	x
against an invasion	w
IHOMOPHONESI	J
fusegu Жх =>®2870	g
0204	► FORM ► CONDITION ► LETTER JO				t
E1-3-4		Jdyd-5	S7-4-3	K3085	r
	94	A0325	®272	U72B6	5
I 1 1
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
15
O0 [original meaning] (external) form, shape,
appearance
0 [also suffix] -form, in the form of, -shaped,
-like
о keijo shape, form, configuration
kanjono ring-shaped, circular
hajo wave, undulation
kyujo shape of a globe, globular shape
b ^^0 obijo (=taijo) no belt-shaped
t?Xt^0 gasujono gaseous, gasiform
8Ж0 ekijdno liquefied
0 (actual) condition, state, situation, circum-
stances
jotai state, condition, appearance, situa-
tion, aspect
jokyd state of affairs, conditions, circum-
stances
51Ж genjo present condition
ЙЖ shojd market condition
ёЖ shojd symptom
byojd condition of a disease [patient]
zaijo offense, charges
0 [also suffix]
0 letter, note, card
85
0203-0204
ИЗ-5
1 ---------------------------------------------
© official document [paper], official letter,
certificate, warrant
a shojd letter, note
shojd certificate of merit
shbtaijd letter of invitation
i	nengajo New Year's card
jj	kokaijo open letter
b	shinninjo credentials, letter of cre-
|I|	dence
p	menjo license, diploma
reijd warrant, writ
yuigonjo will, testament
ф 0 describe, narrate
hakujd confession
'7 P	FF 0205	► CALL KO yo(bu) Ц] yobi			
		□	Jdyd-6	S8-3-5	K2438
	E1-3-5	30	B0548	®273	U547C
1	P	P	P^	P^	P^'		ft
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (cry out in a loud voice) call, call out to
Ъ код suru hail to each other, act in
concert
Ъ kogdsuru cry out, proclaim
shikosuru beckon
tenko roll call
©W'T kanko suru cheer, cry out
0 [original meaning] breathe out, exhale
kokyusuru breathe, respire
koki exhalation
[KUN]
[yobu
O0 (cry out) CALL, call out to
© (summon) call, send for, invite
a	yobikakeru call to; appeal to
yobidasu call, summon; page
b 0?Z5ttj L yobidashi call, calling out, sum-
mons
Ж’Ж-ЖЖ-Ь yobiyoseru call, summon, send
for, call together
Ж' ishaoyobu call the doctor
0 call, give a name to
P? Z№=i yobina given name, popular name
yobisute ni suru call by the
first name, use a name without a title
ft
0206
Б1-3-5
► TASTE
Ml aji aji(wau) IS uma
□	Joyo-3	S8-3-5	K4403
30	A0438	®274	U5473
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
О TASTE, flavor
ft Ж mikaku sense of taste
B^ft chdmi seasoning, flavoring
®ft fumi flavor, taste
00 (quality of attracting interest) taste, interest,
flavor, charm, beauty
© taste, savor, appreciate, enjoy
a ffift shumi hobby, interest, taste
И ft kyomi interest
fchft mydmi subtle charm, beauty
b ft Ъ midokusuru appreciate a book
O^ft ginmi close examination, scrutiny
© tasty food, nourishment; condiments
ftPtx miso miso, bean paste; flattery
Ж ft jimi savoriness; rich food, nourishment
0 contents, substance; meaning
lEftO shdmino net, full, clear
M ft imi meaning, intention, significance,
purport
0 feeling, sensation
Mft kimi feeling, sensation; a touch [tinge]
(of)
ffiftZi jimina plain, sober, unpretentious
© companion, fellow, mate
ft>^ mi kata friend, ally, one's side
—ft ichimi fellow conspirators, gang
[KUN]
[aji ft] taste, flavor; relish, pleasure
ft/£ ajina clever, witty, strange
ftl'fH' ajitsuke seasoning
f^cft atoaji aftertaste
ft MIS H ajikenai (=ajikinai) wearisome,
insipid
0205-0206
86
3-5 П
^^0gfc bungaku по aji the pleasures of
literature
[ajiwau О ] taste, savor; appreciate,
enjoy
P^fo^ ajiwai taste, flavor
dokushono
omoshiromi о ajiwau appreciate the
pleasures of reading
► TSUBO
tsubo
0207
E1-3-5
±	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3658
32	D1825	®275	U576A
[tsubo fl*] tsubo: unit of sq. measure equiv.
to approx. 3.3 sq.m or 36 sq. shaku (R), used
esp. for measuring land area
+fl* tots и bo 10 tsubo
j(STfl* tatetsubo floor space
► YOUNGER SISTER
MAI imoto
0208	tn	Jdyd-2	S8-3-5	K4369
В1-3-5	38	C1465	®278	U59B9
<• A >
1_____2	3	4	5	6	7	8
[COMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] younger sister
shimai (=kyodai) sisters
gimai sister-in-law
teimai younger brothers and sisters
jitsumai one's true (younger) sister
n № reimai your younger sister
[KUN]
[imdtO YOUNGER SISTER
imotomusume younger daughter
^5^ imotobun protegee
► SURNAME
SEI SHO
0209	tn	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3211
В1-3-5	38	C1570	№79	U59D3
1
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
* surname, family name
seimei full name
|r] Й dosei same surname
[0 Й kyusei one's former name, nee
kaiseisuru change one's family
name
ЖЙ hyakushd farmer, peasant
[INDEPENDENT!
[sei Й] surname, family name
0210
И1-3-5
P
i
$
111
5
t
'7
P
► OLDER SISTER
SHI ane
tn	Jdyd-2	S8-3-5	K2748
38	C1479	®280	U59C9
4 к к k' k^k^knk^
..i..2.3...4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
• OLDER SISTER
shimai (=kyddai) sisters
jisshi one's true (older) sister
ЙЙФ gishi older sister-in-law
т?№ reishi your older sister
[KUN]
[ane Ш OLDER SISTER
aneue older sister
[SPECIAL READINGS]
№ $ hj nesan older sister; waitress, girl; miss
0211
E1-3-5
► BEGIN
SHI haji(meru) -haji(meru)
haji(maru) Щ hajime
tn	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K2747
38	A0263	®281	U59CB
87
0207-0211
Ез-5
1
4 \к $
FIRST =>0759
Ж BARELY =>2209
ICOMPOUNDSl
Р
i
ь
111
5
t
7
Р
О begin, start, open
#р!Й shido starting (machines)
teJtS shigyoshiki opening ceremony of the
school term
kaishisuru begin, commence,
open
soshisuru initiate, create, found
00 BEGiNning, inception, start, origin
© (source of something) BEGiNning, origin;
first, starting
a	shimatsusuru manage, deal with,
dispose of; put in order
in № shiju from beginning to end, at all times
nenshi beginning of the year; New
Year's greetings
shushi from beginning to end, always
genshitekina primitive, primeval
b shihatsu first departure; starting station
[KUN]
[hajimeru vt begin, open, start,
originate; set about, embark on
hajime (actor point of commencement)
beginning, start; (source) beginning,
origin
hajimete begin and... (TE-form of in
hajimeru)
ia&Z hajimeni in the beginning; early in
(spring)
tehajime beginning, start, outset
goyohajime resumption of office
business after the New Year recess
[-hajimeru	[verbal suffix] begin to
perform an action
Ж/OW 0 Ате да furihajimeta It
has begun to rain
ЙЙЙ	ben куб shihajimeru begin
to study
[hajimaru vi begin, commence,
start, open; originate; arise, break out
hajimari beginning
in S bfeH Hajimaranai It's no use
IHOMOPHONESI
hajime W first =>0759
hajimete
0212
В1-3-5
► CAPE
misaki
Ш	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4408
46	D1985	®284	U5CAC
[KUN]
[misaki ШФ1
0 cape, promontory, headland
© suffix after names of capes
а ЙРФ shionomisaki Cape Shio
b HffilW miuramisaki Miura Point, headland
of Miura
0213
В1-3-5
► STRING
GEN tsuru ® ito
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K2425
57	D1659	®287	U5F26
О string or chord of a musical instrument
Йgengakki stringed instruments
Щр[Й chogen tuning
0 STRiNGed instrument, the strings
gengaku string music
genka singing and (string) music
Hr'S kangen wind and string instruments
[KUN]
[tsuru bowstring
Йн1 tsuruoto sound of a vibrating bowstring
yumizuru (=yuzuru) bowstring
► PHONETIC [mi]
Ml Bl iya ya HO wataru hisa
hisashi mitsu hiro
0214
E1-3-5
	Names	S8-3-5	K4479
57	C1518	®288	U5F25
0212-0214
88
[COMPOUNDS]
• used PHONETiCally for mi, esp. in the trans-
literation of Sanskrit Buddhist terms
miroku Maitreya (a bodhisattva)
ИЗФРЁХ amida Amitabha; lottery; wearing a
hat on the back ofthe head
[KUN]
[iya 5Ф] elegant all the more, increasingly
iyamasu increase all the more
[ya [in compounds] all the more, increas-
ingly
yayoi third month (ofthe lunar calen-
dar), March
0215
В1-3-5
► THIRD PERSON PRONOUN
HI kare kano
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4064
60	B0717	®290	U5F7C
; 1 ft
3-5 D
,	----------------------------------- 1
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (narrow) path, footpath,
shortcut	p—«
keiro path; process	p
shdkei path, lane
illS sankei mountain path	*
Ф® shdkei path, lane	£
0 DIAMETER
ЙЙ chokkei diameter
hankei radius, semidiameter	?
□ S kokei caliber, bore; diameter
a	► GOON 0			
0217 В1-3-5	1 60	Jdyd-5	S8-3-5	K1793
		C1394	®292	U5F80
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8			
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О third person pronoun, the other party,
he, she
ffi® higa he [she] and I, they and we, both
sides
© that, the other
higan equinoctial week; the other shore
[KUN]
[kare he; boyfriend, lover
karera they
kareshi he; lover, beau
[kano [in compounds] third person
PRONOUN
kanojo she; one’s sweetheart
O0 go on, proceed, move ahead, go by
0 go on to the next world, pass away
а АЕШ ofuku going and returning; round trip
81Ж orai come-and-go, traffic; road, street
oshin doctor's visit to a patient, house
call
Ъ uosaosuru go this way and
that
ichio once; in outline; tentatively; for the
time being'
b Qizk'l'S ojo suru pass away; be at a loss
0 bygone days, ancient days
ffiBxf dji bygone days
d V) okoyori from ancient times, from
times immemorial
kiosho previous illness, medical his-
tory
► CONQUER
SEI [Ц yuki iku masa yuku
► PATH
► DIAMETER
KEI Ц] michi
	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K2334
60	C1512	0291	U5F84
0218
El-3-5
60	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3212
	C1425	®293	U5F81
7	7		V		&	&	&
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
89
0215-0218
ИЗ-5
1
ICOMPOUNDSI
О conquer, subjugate (the enemy), attack,
—<	assault, invade
P 0Ж seifuku conquest, subjugation
ffitt seibatsu subjugation, conquest
ffin't seitd subjugation, conquest
$ 0 go on a military expedition, go to war, go to
। the front, lead a punitive force, invade
seii-taishogun Commander in
chief of the Expeditionary Force Against
the Barbarians
tsfiE ense/ (punitive) expedition, invasion;
tour
,	Ъ shusseisuru go to war
# ------------------------------------------
► FEARFUL
f	FU k°Wa^ kowa(garu)
0219	t	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4161
El-3-5	61	C1363	©296	U6016
•  t
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
• [original meaning] fear, be afraid of
ifu awe, fear, dread, fright
kyofu fear
|KUN|
[kowai ffiH] fearful,scary, uncanny; be
afraid
tffi $ kowasa fear, dreadfulness
tft'ffi kowagowa timidly, gingerly
ffi kowaikao angry look, grim face
inu да kowai be afraid of dogs
[kowagaru tffi/0^] be afraid of, be fright-
ened
kowagari timidity; coward
[HOMOPHONES]
kowai
FEAR =^®2650
Й STRONG =№475
kowagaru FEAR =№2650
0220
E1-3-5
► MYSTERIOUS
KAI KE* aya(shii) aya(shimu)
'I' 61	Joyo	S8-3-5	K1888
	D1703	©297	U602A
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also prefix] mysterious, strange, unusual,
suspicious, suspicious-looking
tn^f kaiki mystery, wonder
tliJSZX kaiina mysterious, marvelous, gro-
tesque
tn^ kaito mysterious thief
tnM kaibun strange rumor, scandal
kaijiken mystery case
kaibunsho mysterious document-
subversive literature
kaijinbutsu mysterious person
0 monster, ghost, goblin, demon
®IK kaiju monster; beast
®^Й kaibutsu monster; ghost, goblin, bogey;
mysterious figure
kaidan ghost story
Кх® yokai ghost, apparition, phantom, gob-
lin
0 used phonetically for ke
tn® кеда injury, wound; accident
[kun]
[ayashii ® L 0] doubtful; suspicious;
strange, mysterious; uncanny
tn Licfe ayashigena questionable, doubt-
ful, suspicious
[ayashimu tn Lt?] suspect, be suspicious;
doubt
Ш L tNCS 19 ayashimu ni tarinai It is
no wonder (that)
► CLEVER
REI REN El sato satoshi satoru
0221
E1-3-5
t	Names	S8-3-5	K4671
61	D2537	©298	U601C
0219-0221
90
[COMPOUNDS]
• clever, quick-witted, bright, nimble
reiri cleverness, sagacity
► NATURE
► SEX
► -ITY
SEI SHO
0222
И1-3-5
Joyo-5	S8-3-5	K3213
A0119	@299	U6027
' - -I' f hw
12	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] one's nature, inherent
nature, innate quality, character, tem-
perament, disposition
© [suffix] nature, propensity towards, habit
a ttt# sei как и character, personality
ft Ж seishitsu nature, temperament, charac-
ter; (characteristic) property, quality
ttMZi shdwaruna ill-natured
ft[p] seikd inclination, disposition
ЙЖ/Х seikyuna impatient, quick-
tempered; hasty
(ISltt kosei individuality
Aft tensei nature, one's innate disposition
tBtt konjo nature, spirit, temper; will power;
guts
Wtt shusei habit, (one's) way
b lE'ffift himansho tendency to be obese
S^jft kurosho worry habit, pessimistic na-
ture
00 essential nature (of things), intrinsic
quality, natural property, characteristic
0 suffix indicating quality, state or degree: -ity,
-ness
а tttt seind performance, capacity, efficiency
Ж ft zokusei attribute, property
ARflft ningensei human nature, humanity
ИЙ0 mansei no chronic
b zk^'ft seisansei productivity
йТЙьй kanosei possibility
anteisei stability
7JU A Utt arukarisei alkalinity
'JSH'ft bakuhatsusei explosiveness
00 (male orfemale classification) sex
3-5 П
-------------------------------------------------- 1
0 (sexual intercourse) sex, sexuality, sexual 1
desire
0 gender
a ftS1! seibetsu distinction of sex; gender ц
Л/ft dansei male, man
b tt$C seiyoku sexual desire, lust	t
ft И seiteki sexual	x
fttfseikoi sexual act, intercourse
tt^W seikydiku sex education	fl
с ФЙ chusei neuter gender
[INDEPENDENT!	y
[sei ft]
OO one’s nature, disposition	t
0 essential nature, inherent quality	J
a A 0ft Йв 0 H/to no sei wa zen nari
Man is naturally good	f
b 7.K 0 ft mizu no sei properties of water	pj
00 (male or female classification) sex
0 (sexual intercourse) sex, sexuality, sexual
desire
aft0K^IJ seinokubetsu distinction of the
sexes
ft 0 § Й sei no jiyu sexual freedom
0223
В1-3-5
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
► DRAW OUT
CHU
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3574
64	C1496	0302	U62BD
5	6
0 [original meaning] draw out, extract
chushutsu suru extract, abstract,
educe
ЙЖ chQsen drawing of lots
Й^Й chushdteki abstract
3
0224
E1-3-5
► WORSHIP
► HUMBLY
HAI oga(mu)
	Jdyd-6	S8-3-5	K3950
64	C1581	®303	U62DD
91
0222-0224
I>____________
1E МПИИ
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
« ICOMPOUNDSl
П O0 (render religious reverence to) worship, pay
.	reverence to, pay one's respects
0 (feel an adoring reverence for) worship,
fy	adore
ill а haiden front shrine, hall of worship
sanpaisuru worship, pay rever-
5	ence at, visit a shrine [temple]
s,	reihai (=raihai) worship; church service
b Ssfe haikin money worship, worship of
f	mammon
haigaitekina pro-foreign, xeno-
philous
У	suhai worship, adoration
R 00 humbly, respectfully, reverentially
1	—honorific term expressing humility in refer-
ence to an action ofthe speaker
0 honorific term used in salutations
a Ъ haiken suru have the honor of
seeing, see, look at, inspect
haishakusuru borrow
haichosuru listen attentively
[respectfully]
haijusuru receive [accept]
(humbly)
b haikei Dear Sir, Dear Madam
haifuku in reply to your letter; Dear Sir,
Dear Madam
[kun]
[ogamu bow in veneration, make a
bow, worship; pay one's respects with joined
hands, entreat, solicit
fushiogamu kneel down and wor-
ship, drop to one's knees
0225
E1-3-5
► BEAT
HAKU HYO
i	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3979
64	C1409	®304	U62CD
—	i	4 l;					4Й
12	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (strike repeatedly or rhythmi-
cally) beat, dap (one's hands), throb
ffi^ hakushu applause, clapping
ЙШ hakusha spur, rowel spur
ft®] hakudo pulsation, pulsebeat
ЖЙ myakuhaku pulse, pulsation
0 beat, rhythm, time
ft"? hydshi time, beat, rhythm; chance, the
moment
^ffi"? tebydshi beating time with the hand;
careless move
sanbydshi simple triple time
0226
E1-3-5
► OPEN OUT
HI
*	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4068
64	C1498	®305	U62AB
- 4
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 open OUT (one's heart), reveal
ftlS hiko introduction of poems at a poetry
party
hirosuru announce, introduce
hirekisuru express (one's opin-
ion), reveal (one's thoughts)
ohirome debut
IS
0227
E1-3-5
► HUG
HO da(ku) ida(ku) kaka(eru)
f	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4290
64	B0883	®306	U62B1
--	t						
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] hug, embrace, hold in
one's arms, enfold
Ъ hoyosuru embrace, hug, hold in
one's arms
hdran incubation
hdfukuzettdsuru doubleup
with laughter
kaihdsuru nurse, care for
0 (harbor a thought or feeling) hug, cherish,
0225-0227
92
3-5 И
entertain
hokaisuru harbor, cherish, enter-
tain
ЙД hofu aspiration, ambition
shinbd patience, endurance, forbear-
ance
[KUN]
[daku JS < ] hug, embrace, hold in one's
arms
ul'lTЪ dakkosuru hold (a child) in
one's arms, hug
□"5 dakiau hug, embrace
ЙсГЙг&б-Ь dakishimeru embrace closely,
cuddle, hug
[idaku IS ] harbor (suspicion), entertain
(hope), cherish, hug (a belief); hold in one's
arms, hug
utagaioidaku harbor suspicion
[kakaeru ® hold in one's arms
ЙА kakae armful; employee
kakaekomu hold in one's arm,
take upon oneself
dakikakaeru hold, carry, em-
brace (in one's arms)
0228	► KIDNAP KAI				
		Joyo	S8-3-5		K1893
В1-3-5	64	D1679	®308		U62D0
' t t	ir	in	rs	SI	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8 [compounds! О kidnap, abduct yukai kidnapping, abduction 0 defraud, swindle, abscond izjfff kaitai abscondence with money					
ICOMPOUNDSI
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
0 [original meaning] enlarge, expand, magnify,
widen, extend
kakudaisuru magnify, enlarge,
expand
kakuchdsuru expand, extend, en-
large
kakusan scattering, diffusion
kakuseiki (loud)speaker, megaphone
ЙхЙ kakuju expansion, amplification
ЖЙ gunkaku expansion of armaments
П
i
IO
5
t
► ARREST
KO kaka(waru)A
0230		Joyo	S8-3-5	K2520
E1-3-5	64	C1370	®310	U62D8
15
-'t Ii If fi	ft	ft	SI
1	2	3
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] arrest, detain, confine
Й® кдгуй penal detention up to 30 days
Ъ kdkin suru detain, confine, im-
prison
ЙЖ kochi detention, confinement, arrest
kosoku restriction, restraint, binding
kdin arrest, custody
[kun]
[kakawaru	adhere to, stick to
.. .nimo kakawarazu in
spite of..., regardless of...
IHOMOPHONESI
kakawaru
CONNECT =>0073
Й CONCERN =>2099
► ENLARGE
KAKU ffl hiro
0231
E1-3-5
0229
E1-3-5
	Jdyd-6	S8-3-5	K1940
64	B0639	®309	U62E1
► REFUSE
KYO koba(mu)
64	Joyo	S8-3-5	K2181
	B0990	®311	U62D2
93
0228-0231
IJ3_5______________________________________
1if itit iti itrtFtftta
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
U * refuse, reject, deny
j.	kyozetsu suru refuse, reject, deny
#=’5’3"-?) kyohisuru deny, reject
$ [kun]
|[| [kobamu refuse, decline, deny
H 5& V	shiharai о kobamu refuse
payment, decline to pay
Л АШ ЕЁ tT nyUjo о kobamu deny (a per-
l	son) admission
;Й
0232
“ E1-3-5
► GROUNDS
KYO KO
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K2182
64	B0906	®312	U62E0
' it 11 9 кл»
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 grounds, base, basis, foundation; author-
ity
JKLS kyoten strongpoint, base
flU® konkyo grounds, basis, authority
honkyo base, stronghold, headquarters
ronkyo grounds [basis] of an argument
ДЙ0- tenkyo authority
BEt® shdko proof, evidence
0233
В1-3-5
► WIPE
MATSU
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4385
64	D2035	®313	U62B9
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (remove by rubbing) wipe off, wipe out, erase,
strike out
Ъ massatsu suru erase, strike out;
deny, ignore; do away with, liquidate
ЙГЙ'А'Ь masshosuru erase, strike out
0234
£1-3-5
► PUSH
6 o(su) o(shi)- o(t)- o(saeru)
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K1801
64	B0779	®314	U62BC
i E E1
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (fix a seal) seal, stamp
din suru seal, affix a seal
onatsu sealing (a document)
0 perform an action by force, take by force
oshu seizure, confiscation
oso suru transfer (a convict), escort
[KUN]
[osu
OO (force to move) push, press, thrust, shove
0 press down, press; compress, squash
a I/ oshi pushing, push; self-confidence,
impudence; fall (in prices)
osu PUSH (marking on doors)
ff I/ _L W'b oshiageru push up, boost
L Ж'Т oshikaesu push back, force back
oshibotan push-button
L atooshi pushing; support, backing
b 1/Ййх'3~ oshitsubusu squash, crush, flat-
ten
0 (force to act) push [force] oneself; push a
person (to do something)
W oshite forcibly, by compulsion; impor-
tunately
ЕФ L 0 oshiuri coercive touting, importu-
nate peddling [peddler]
oshimondo bandying words, hag-
gling, argument
© fix a seal, stamp
A37sutanpuoosu stamp
[oshi- Ь-] [verbal prefix] push (oneself or
others) to perform an action
ffl? L {'t (Ъ oshitsukeru press against; force,
compel
fflPL/Й'З" oshitosu push through, carry it
through, hold out to the end
ff	oshikakeru force oneself upon
(a person), go uninvited
0232-0234
94
[ot- ff о -] emphatic verbal prefix
•ffoottateru raise,setup
oppajimeru begin
[osaeru
О press down, hold down, force down
$ Л osae weight, paperweight; rear guard
osaekomu immobilize, pin
down
© stop up, cover
mimi о osaeru hold one’s
ears
IHOMQPHONESI
osu
Ж INFER ^>0373
EE PRESSURE =>®2970
IS AFFIX A SEAL =>0366
oshi EE PRESSURE =>®2970
osaeru И suppress =>0193
osae ЭД SUPPRESS =>0193
0235
E1-3-5
► CLUMSY
SETSU
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3259
64	D2051	®315	U62D9
:it.it ti It4 tWlt&
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
• CLUMSY, unskillful
setsuretsuna clumsy, awkward, un-
skillful
sessokushugi rough-and-ready
method
kosetsu skill, dexterity, workmanship
► INVITE
SHO mane(ku) Щ aki
0236	t	Jdyd-5	S8-3-5	K3023
E1-3-5	64	B0888	®316	U62DB
-ft1
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
• INVITE
3-5 E
-----7	 1
shotai invitation	1
fin Ж shoen invitation to a party; party
ЙМШ shoseikoku inviting country, host r
nation
,____, □
|KUN|
[maneku ffl < ] invite; beckon, call; engage i
(someone's services)	£
fincf maneki invitation, engagement	.
ffi 0237	► OPEN UP TAKU Щ hiro tsuge				5 t
		Joyo	S8-3-5	K3483	
E1-3-5	64	C1345	<8)317	U62D3	
' t 4					'7 17
1	2	3	I	4	5	6	7	8	P
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
© open up (farmland or new frontiers), clear
land, reclaim, develop
ЙЖ takushoku colonization, exploitation
IHJffi kaitaku reclamation, opening up, clear-
ing; exploitation
-pffi kantaku land reclamation by drainage
0238
E1-3-5
► BEAR ON SHOULDER
► UNDERTAKE
TAN katsu(gu) nina(u)
t	Joyo-6	S8-3-5	K3520
64	A0399	®318	U62C5
- t }
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] bear [carry] on one's
shoulder, shoulder, bear
tanka stretcher
© undertake (a task), take (a job) upon one-
self
tantdsuru undertake, be in charge
of
JS'R tanpo security, mortgage
ffi/ЙЕ%> tannin suru be in charge of, take (a
class) under one's charge
futan burden, charge, responsibility
buntan partial charge, allotment
95
0235-0238
Г 3-5
1 ;=;-----------------------------------------
[KUN]
[katsugu ffl <*] shoulder, carry [bear] on
one's shoulder; have as (president of), have
P (a person) over
. fift' katsugi carrier
katsugiageru carry up
$ [ninau 5 ] bear [carry] on one's shoul-
lll der, shoulder; undertake, take upon oneself
Ш ft ft ninaite bearer, carrier
5	sekinin о ninau shoulder re-
sponsibility
T XrT* ►RESIST l Й TSI				
1 0239 t		Joyo	S8-3-5	K3681
P E1-3-5	64		Cl 139	®319	U62B5
	It It r Itr 2	3	4	5		6	7	8	
ICOMPOUNDSI
О resist, withstand, oppose, stand up to
ffiirift-b teikosuru resist, oppose, defy
0 be equivalent to, correspond to
teitd mortgage, security
© generally, mostly
АЙ taitei generally, mostly, for the most
part
creet
ft @ chumoku attention, notice
ft® chushi steady gaze, close observation
Ж ft keichu devotion, concentration
00 annotate, explain with notes
0 annotation, explanatory notes, comment
a ft?X chushaku annotation, note, comment
ft$? chukai annotation, explanatory notes
ft pE chuki annotation, commentary
b lift tochu head note
И ft kyakuchu footnote
Wft hyochu commentary, notes and com-
ments
0 write down, take notes of, record
ftttl ftЪ chushin suru inform, make a re-
port
ftftftЪ chQmon suru order, place an or-
der; request
[INDEPENDENT!
[chii ft] annotation, explanatory note,
comment
|KUN]
[sosogu ft <' ] pour into, pour on; irrigate,
sprinkle; concentrate (on), pay attention to
ftcfjAft* sosogikomu pour into, instill
ft^ftftC chui о sosogu pay attention
ft ft ft chikara о sosogu concentrate
one’s effort (on something)
► POUR
► CONCENTRATE
CHU soso(gu)
0240	'7	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K3577
E1-3-5	85	A0477	®325	U6CE8
4	у	7	7	7	у ft	ft	ft
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О pour, pour into, pour on, inject
ftAft^b chunyusuru pour into, inject
ft/K chusui flooding; douche
ftjt chusha injection, shot
ft ft chuyu oiling, lubrication
0 concentrate (on), pay attention to
ftM chui attention, care, advice
ft^sTfcft chuibukai careful, cautious; dis-
0241
В1-3-5
► MUD
DEI doro1 doro2 Щ hiji
7 85	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3705
	D1642	®326	U6CE5
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] mud, mire
ftft deido mud, mire
ftft deisui (=doromizu) muddy water, liquid
mud
deinei mud, slush, mire; muddy road
ft ft О HE undeinosa great difference (as
between clouds and mud)
0239-0241
96
3-5 D
[KUN]
[doro1 Ж]
О mud, mire, slush, dirt
doronuma bog; swamp (of difficulties)
doronko mud, morasses of mud
О unclassified compounds
W dorobo thief, crook
[doro2 JJt] [in compounds] [also suffix] petty
thief, sneak thief, pilferer
kosodoro sneak, pilferer
§ jiddshadoro auto [car] thief
► SWIM
El oyo(gu)
0242
E1-3-5
Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K1743
C1212	<8>327	U6CF3
Г л
rosennisotte along the
route [line]
[-zoi -й) 0 ] [also suffix] along
J11ЙП	kawazoi ni along the riverside g
ill йп V	yamazoi no chihd moun-
tainous region	i
nanganzoi along the southern	ь
coast
IHOMOPHONESI	Й
SOU §5 ADD TO =>0390
0244
В1-3-5
► BOIL
FUTSU wa(ku) wa(kasu)
Joyo	S8-3-5	K4208
D1802	®329	U6CB8
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] swim
ЙКЙ; eiho swimming style
suiei swimming
[KUN]
[oyogu $k<]swiM
ZzKoS oyogi swimming
hiraoyogi breast stroke
Z'O’
0243
E1-3-5
► ALONG
EN so(u) -zo(i)
'7	Joyo-6	S8-3-5	K1772
85	C1104	®328	U6CBF
;' ..R...R...R>...fcAr/rr/V c/vl
[/ \J \J \J\ J/r’.l/PJ
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
[compounds!
Ф along, alongside
'?□ Ж endo along the route
ensen no along a railway line
$1 enkai coast, shore
Ja engan coast, shore
[KUN]
[sou □ ] lie along (a river), follow along
Ф (undergo boiling) boil
futtosuru boil, seethe, bubble
SB fatten boiling point
j^SB shafatsu boiling
[kun]
[waku SB < ] vi
О boil, grow hot
SB	V * waki да hayai quick to warm
up .
7$ cf wakiagaru boil up; break out,
arise; seethe, be in uproar
0 boil over (with excitement), seethe, be
excited
SB Ж wakikaeru seethe, be in uproar;
boil up
[wakasu SB/bT] vt
О boil, make hot
?HSB/^b yuwakashi kettle, water heater
0 excite, stimulate
St Ж	SB 7^'1* kanshu о wakasu excite the
spectators
IHOMOPHONESI
waku 2H WELL UP =^0448
97
0242-0244
Ез-5
0245	'7	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K3940
E1-3-5	85	B0628	®330	U6CE2
п
i
i
iii
5 O0 [also suffix] [original meaning] wave
Gphys WAVE
, а ЙГ?Й hard waves, billows
I	hamon ripple; stir, sensation
f	hatoba wharf, quay
>,	haran disturbance, troubles; fluctua-
tion
[J ЖЖ faha wind and waves, rough seas, storm
b hado wave motion, undulation
hacho wavelength
denjiha electromagnetic waves
ЖЙс denpa electromagnetic waves, radio
waves
tanpa shortwave
onpa soundwaves
ytiS kdha lightwaves
0 something that occurs in waves
ШЙс kanpa cold wave
[KUN]
[nami wave, billow, ripple; fluctuations,
rise and fall; wave motion, undulation
naminori surfriding, surfing
ЖЙс tsunami tsunami, tidal wave
ЛЙс hitonami surging crowd
ЖЯ*namiutsu undulate, heave, surge; be
wavy
$ЙЙс yokonami side wave; phys transverse
wave
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 stay overnight, lodge, stay at
G counter for number of overnight stays
оЙЙ shukuhaku lodging
^ИЙ gaihaku staying out overnight
К?Й minpaku private residence temporarily
taking lodgers
b —*?Й ippaku overnight stay
Н?ЙМ H sanpaku-yokka no tabi trip
of four days and three nights
[KUN]
[tomaru ?Й£&]
О stay overnight, lodge, stay at
'/Й 0 tomari stopover, stay; night duty; an-
chorage
Ж?Й S 0 sudomari staying overnight with-
out board
0 stay at anchor
minato ni tomaru stay at an-
chor
[tomeru ?Й йд -5 ] lodge, give shelter, ac-
commodate
tomodachi о tomeru put a
friend up for the night
IHOMQPHONESI
tomaru
it STOP =>1868
® KEEP =>1646
HALT =>®139
tomari lb STOP =>1868
tomeru
it STOP =>1868
® KEEP =>1646
HALT =>®139
0247
E1-3-5
► SECRETE
HITSU HI
0246
В1-3-5
Joyo	S8-3-5	K4071
D2101	®332	U6CCC
► STAY OVERNIGHT
HAKU to(maru) to(meru)
[Ц tomari toma
7	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3981
85	C1289	®331	U6CCA
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
0 [original meaning] secrete
hinyoki urinary organs
bunpitsu (=bunpi) secretion
0245-0247
98
3-5 П
naibunpisen endocrine gland
0248
В1-3-5
► LAW
► METHOD
HO HAT- HOT- noriv ID tsune
7	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K4301
85	A0096	®333	U6CD5
			/	✓	j	ft	ft
1	2
IcompoundsI
O0 [also suffix] law, rule, act, code of laws
0 law(s) (as of an art), principle, rule
о ft® horitsu law
horei laws and ordinances, statute
ft^ hogaku lawjurisprudence
hogakubu law department [school]
ft;® hotei law court
ft;&3 hdteki legal, legalistic
ft;® hoki laws and regulations
ft Ж hdan bill, legislative proposal
ft A hojin legal person, corporation
ft Д hdten code of laws, statute
ftfic hatto law, ordinance, prohibition
Sft kenpd constitution, constitutional law
ihono illegal, unlawful
ffljft keihd criminal law, penal code
S^ft kokusaihd international laws
Mffift nochiho Agricultural Land Law
KeF E51bft sdonbdshi-ho Noise Abate-
ment Act
b ftfllj hosoku law, rule
0 [also suffix] method, way, manner, system,
process, technique
Aft hoho method, way; system; scheme,
means; process, procedure; plan
^ft shuhd technique, mechanism, style
S^ft ryoho method of treatment, cure, rem-
edy
®!ft sei ho method of manufacture, process
of preparation, recipe
ft seikatsuhd way of life, art of living
^(Sft kyojuho method of teaching
ft doanmoniaho cuprous
ammoniacal process
О Buddha's teachings, Buddha's doctrine,
dharma, Buddhism; religious tenets
ftzE hod Pope	1
ft ft hossu (=hdshu, hosshu) high priest (of	
a Buddhist sect)	
{Aft buppd Buddhism	
Iftft seppd (Buddhist) sermon, preaching,	П
moralizing	i
[INDEPENDENT!	у.
[ho ft] law, rule, regulation	
ft^\F-?> hoomamoru observe the law	Й
IHOMOPHONESI	3
nori ДЦ RULE =>0967	
V/—1	► BUBBLE	t
I HO awa	t
0249	7 Joyo S8-3-5 K4302	'7
E1-3-5	85 I D18741 ®334 U6CE1	15
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] bubble, foam
homatsu bubble, foam, froth
homatsugaisha bubble com-
pany, fly-by-night concern
happo foaming, effervescence
kihd air bubble, bubble
suiho bubble, foam
[kun]
[awa bubble, foam
ЙЛЛ'Э awadatsu bubble, foam
awamori millet brandy
5Ййх sekken no awa lather, soapsuds
0250
E1-3-5
► GOVERN
► CURE
JI CHI osa(meru) osa(maru)
nao(ru) nao(su) ID haru osamu
7	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K2803
85	A0087	®335	U6CBB
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 govern, administer, rule over, reign over
0 GOVERNment, rule, administration
99
0248-0250
ИЗ-5
1 ------------------------------------------
1 а inO chikoku government
in Ш chisei reign, rule, regime, dynasty
В in jichi self-government, autonomy
S^in tochi rule, government, reign
ВДУп meiji Meiji era
j: b in F 0 chika no under the rule of
r Kin seiji government, administration, poli-
”	tics
|I| © public order, peace
2 in Же chian public peace and order
?nSL chiran war and peace
4 i^in taiji subjugation, subdual; extermina-
te	tion; crusade
© cure, treat, heal
f	chiryo medical treatment [cure]
у	in Ж chiyu healing, cure, recovery
HE in E shujii physician in charge
P 'Fin О fujino incurable, fatal
[KUN]
[osameru
0 govern, rule over, reign over, manage
© bring under control, put down, suppress,
pacify, quell
a S^rin#)-?) kuni o osameru govern a coun-
try, manage a state
b ^Bj^in^'b bodo о osameru quell a
disturbance
[osamaru
О be in peace, be GOVERNed well
HZ^'in 7 Ъ Kuni да osamaru Peace reigns
in the country
© be cuREd, be relieved (of pain)
ЖItamiда osamaru A pain is
cured
[naoru ?n & J be cuREd, get well, recover
in Ю naori recovery
{M^inoZi Kizuganaotta The wound has
healed up
[naosu in ЕГ] cure, heal
kaze о naosu cure a cold
IHOMOPHONESI
osameru
zift PAY =>0877
*R TAKE IN =>0017
Ж CULTIVATE =>0092
osamaru
#3 PAY =>0877
JR TAKE IN =>0017
CULTIVATE =>0092
naoru Д STRAIGHT =>1862
naosu Й STRAIGHT =>1862
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with in WORK metals =>0058
► RIVER
KA kawa Щ kd
0251	r	Jdyd-5	S8-3-5	K1847
El-3-5	85	B0564	®336	U6CB3
' 7 7 7’ 7n 7° 7^T
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] river, large river
MJ 11 kasen rivers
WiTit karyu stream
MD kako river mouth, estuary
MW kashi riverside; fish market
1ЖМ unga canal
ЖМ ginga Milky Way; galaxy
[KUN]
[kawa H]
0 river, stream
0 suffix after names of (esp. foreign) rivers
a MK kawazoko riverbed
b 7Vy'>M amazongawa Amazon River
[SPECIAL READINGS]
М1Ж kawara dry riverbed, river beach
[HOMOPHONES]
kawa ЛI RIVER =>0001
► CONDITIONS
KYO
0252		Joyo	S8-3-5	K2223
E1-3-5	85	A0430	®337	U6CC1
			lei I у	Утт у	7	7	я
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 conditions, condition, situation, state of
affairs
jokyo stateof affairs, conditions,
0251-0252
100
3-5 E
circumstances
senkyd war situation, progress of a bat-
tle
Й'УЯ kinkyd recent condition [situation]
Ж'Ж jikkyd actual conditions
gaikyd general condition [situation],
outlook
Ж кдкуб brisk market, prosperity
ЖЖ shikyd market conditions, tone ofthe
market
ЖЖ fukyd depression, slump, recession
Й£Ж sei куб prosperity, boom, success
► CRY
KYU na(ku)
0253
El-3-5
'7	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K2167
85	C1415	®338	U6CE3
7	) 1			Яг	
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] CRY, weep, sob
докуй suru wailjament
Й7/ЙЖkankyusuru weep with emotion,
be moved to tears
[KUN]
[naku ЙА < ] cry, weep, sob
naki weeping, lamenting
McftM nakigao tear-stained face
ЙсГЖ nakigoe tearful voice, crying
'ЛАсГЕЩ-ЛА nakisakebu cry, scream, wail
IHOMQPHONESI
naku I# CRY =>0481
0254
El-3-5
► MUDDY POND
SHO numa
Joyo	S8-3-5	K3034
C1215	®339	U6CBC
1_____2	3	4	5	6	7	8
[compounds!
• [original meaning] muddy pond, low-lying
lake, swamp, marsh, bog
koshd lakesand marshes
[KUN]
[numa muddy pond, low-lying lake,
swamp, marsh, bog; suffix after names of
muddy ponds
numachi swampland, bogland, marsh-
land
SESJ doronuma bog; swamp (of difficulties)
naganuma LakeNaganuma
1
0255
В1-3-5
► OIL
YU abura
7	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K4493
85	B0698	®341	U6CB9
P
i
§
III
5
t
7
P
Г i< к'
..1....2....3.....4....5....6....7....8...
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
0 oil, animal oil, vegetable oil
0 (petroleum or petroleum derivative) oil, petro-
leum
а ЙЯн yushi fats and oils
yudan negligence, carelessness, inat-
tentiveness
ЙХЙЙ shdyu soy sauce
saradayu (=saradaabura) salad
oil
U — V7Й oribuyu olive oil
b M sekiyu petroleum, oil
ЖЙ juyu fuel oil
toyu kerosene, lamp oil
gen'yu crude oil
?Й$1Й] junkatsuyu lubricant, lubricating oil
[kun]
[abura Й1] oil, animal oil, vegetable oil
aburae oil painting
ЙЖ aburake greasiness, oiliness
Й] й <5 abura о uru loaf, idle away one's
time
Й ЙЙ Ъ abura о shiboru extract oil by
pressing; give a person a severe talking-
to
ЙВЙЙ gomaabura sesame (seed) oil
daizuabura soy bean oil
101
0253-0255
Г 3-5
1 .	--------------------------
| HOMOPHONES]
abura
Ян FAT =>0649
p Wx =>®2141
► PHONETIC [a]
A o- omone(ru) [Ц kuma oka
и
10 0256
P	Names	S8-3-5	K1604
170	C1230	®346	U963F
ICOMPOUNDSI
f	О used PHONETically for a, esp.	in the translit-*
.	eration of names, foreign words or Sanskrit
’	Buddhist terms
'7	WJt* ahen opium
г?	amida Amitabha; lottery; wearing a
hat on the back of the head
ashura Asura (fighting demon)
0 fool, simpleton
aho fool, idiot
[kun]
[о- И-] prefix for conveying intimacy, esp.
before names of women
otosama Father
ИИ okuni Okuni (female name)
[omoneru И -5 ] flatter, fawn upon, toady
М3 taishu ni omoneru sell out to
the masses
IHOMOPHONES]
O- W GENERAL HONORIFIC TERM =>0422
b fflfllj fusoku additional rules, bylaw
c	fuchakusuru adhere [cling] to,
agglutinate; cohere
0 deliver, hand over, grant
kdfusuru deliver, grant, hand (a
ticket) to (a person)
kifusuru contribute, donate
0258
El-3-5
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
► OBSTRUCT
SO haba(mu)
|5	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3343
170	Cl 393	®348	U963B
О (prevent the progress or passage of) obstruct,
impede, hinder, check
ffl-S^-b sogaisuru obstruct, check, impede,
hinder
ffi.lt soshi obstruction, check, hindrance
0 steep
kensona steep (mountain pass), pre-
cipitous
[KUN]
[habamu ffl.tr] obstruct, impede, hinder,
check, prevent
Ж ffl.tr michi о habamu obstruct one’s
way
ffl.tr seicho о habamu hinder
[check] the growth of (plants)
► ATTACH
FU Щ tsuki
0257
El-3-5
|5	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4177
170	D2205	®347	U9644
0259
£ 1-3-6
► BLOOM
sa(ku) -zaki IS saki
□	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2673
30	C1516	®349	U54B2
’ if iF 1И И" Fttiftt
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] attach, append, add to,
affix
0 ATTACHed, additional, supplementary
0 attach itself to, stick to, adhere to
a	tenpusuru attach, append, annex
	r>		v4					
1	23456789
[kun]
[saku < ] bloom, blossom, flower
сГ St sakiwataru bloom over a wide
area
hayazaki early blooming, early
flowering
0256-0259
102
3-6 U
£Е И < kuruizaku bloom out of season
[-zaki -P&] suffix indicating state efflores-
cence
gobuzaki half-florescent
fe 0260 E1-3-6		► FENCE kaki			
		± 32	Joyo	S9-3-6	K1932
			C1373	0351	U57A3
H	+		J		"Ji Jn Jh Jb Js		
	i	2 [kun]	3	4	5	6	7		8	9
[kaki Jfi ] [also suffix] fence, wall, hedge
£_S til kakine fence, hedge
ikegaki hedge, quickset
ishigaki stonewall
И О @ Ш yotsumegaki lattice fence
IHOMOPHONESI
kaki ИГ =>®1088
L|-U ► CASTLE
JO shiro Ц] ki gusuku gushiku
nari kuni
0261
E1-3-6
±	Jdyb-6	S9-3-6	K3075
32	B0591	®352	U57CE
~ 4 J J; jr Jjt
1____2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (fortified building) castle, fort, fortress,
citadel, stronghold
© suffix after names of castles
josai fortress, stronghold, citadel
joheki castle wall, rampart
jokamachi castle town, fief capital
jokaku castle, fortress; castle walls, en-
closure
rojd confinement, keeping inside; hold-
ing a castle, sustaining a siege
Я"хй< gajo stronghold, inner citadel
rakujo fall of a castle
chikujo castle construction
Ь	dsakajo Osaka Castle
[kun]
[shiro CASTLE, fort, citadel
jibunnoshironi
tojikomoru keep in one's own castle ц
shiroato ruins of a castle
0262
E1-3-6
► MARRIAGE	£
	Joyo	S9-3-6	K1689
38	D2127	0353	U59FB
	l й fi |<1				
ICOMPOUNDSl 0 MARRIAGE kon'in marriage, matrimony				8	9	t 7
	fT ► SOLITARY К “				5
0263		Joyo	S9-3-6	K2441	
E1-3-6	39		C1269	0356	U5B64	
T 3 ГОИМ
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 solitary, lone, isolated
1ЙЙ10 kodokuno solitary, lonely, alone
MiL koritsu isolation
kokaku lone traveler
ЖЙ koto solitary island
ЖЖ kogun lone [isolated] force, forlorn force
kojo solitary [isolated] castle
[note]
★do not confuse with ARC =>0266
► GORGE
KYO [U hazama
0264
В1-3-6
111	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2214
46	D1747	0357	U5CE1
I |il iib |ib iib^iib*'
123456789
103
0260-0264
И 3-6
1	~
1 ICOMPOUNDSl
Р
i
*
?
ill
'I'
'7
5
P
О gorge, ravine, glen
kydkoku gorge, ravine, canyon, valley
iRPfl kydkan between the mountains; ravine
llltt sankyd (=yamakai) gorge, ravine, glen
0 narrows, strait
|R'M kyowan fjord
ЙЖ kaikyd straits, narrows, channel, sound
ifilft chikyd isthmus
|I|t
0265
В1-3-6
► MOUNTAIN PASS
toge Ц] tao
ill	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3829
46	D2082	®358	U5CE0
[KUN]
[toge ibr)
0 mountain pass, ridge
0 suffix after names of mountain PASSes
a	togeokoeru cross a pass, pass
over the peak
ЛтЖ tdgemichi road over a mountain pass
b 56х usuitoge Usui Pass
► ARC
KO
0266		Joyo	S9-3-6	K2444
E1-3-6	57	D2481	®360	U5F27
’ ’ 5 Г T 5/Г & 5A
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 ARC
0 math arc
а	kojono arc-shaped
ЙЯ kakko parentheses, brackets
b ЖЙ kosen arc (of a circle)
Ж Ж kokei arc
ЕЯ enko circular arc; arc of a circle
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж solitary =>0263
0267
E1-3-6
► AFTER
GO KO nochi ushi(ro) ushiro ato
oku(reru) Ц] go
Jdyd-2	S9-3-6	K2469
A0036	®361	U5F8C
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] (subsequent in time) after, after-
wards, later, subsequent
ШЙЙЁ koisho sequela, aftereffect (of a dis-
ease)
konin successor, replacement
kotenteki acquired (immunity),
learned
chokugo immediately after
seigo after birth
kongo after this, from now on
igo after this, from now on, in future;
after that, thereafter
gogo afternoon
rbgo one's old age
junengo ten years after [hence]
shusengono postwar
0 (subsequent in order) after, latter, second
kbsha the latter
kohan latter half, second half
koki latter period
goba afternoon session [market]
kohansei latter half of one's life
gote moving second (in a board game);
rear guard
saigono last, final
© [also prefix] (behind in space) after-, rear, back,
hind
Ш pK kobu back part, rear
koen support, backing
kotaisuru retreat, recede
kbkanpan afterdeck
ШЖрЕ kotobu back (part) ofthe head
kdhb back, rear
zengo before and after; order, sequence
haigo back, rear
rakugosuru straggle, drop out of
line, fall out ofthe ranks
0265-0267
104
3-6 П
QNDEPENDENTl
[go AFTER# afterward, later
sono go after that, afterward
[KUN]
[nochi ££] [also suffix] after, afterwards, later
nochihodo afterwards, later
'E'Oflc sono nochi since then, thereafter
nishukan nochi ni two weeks
hence
[ushiro	back, rear
ushiro kara from behind
ushiroashi hindleg
ushirosugata sightof one's back
-6 [R] ushiromukini backwards, tail-
first
[ato
O0 [also suffix] (subsequent in time) after,
afterward, later, subsequent
© (subsequent in order) after, latter, next,
following
a ato no later, subsequent; the next
[following]; back
йсТ' ato de after, afterwards, later, later on
atokatazuke cleaning up, clearing
(the table); putting in order
atoshimatsu settlement; cleaning
up; putting in order
fgx$l]x IQ ££ higesoriato after shaving
S Ш mikkaato ni three days after
[later]
ь atobarai deferred payment
йеЯгсГ atogaki postscript, afterword
L atomawashi deferment, postpone-
ment
© back, rear
atoashi hind leg
atomodorisuru go backward,
move back, turn back; retrograde
© rest, remainder
atokin rest of the payment
atojippun ten minutes more
[okureru	fall behind, fall back, be
outstripped, be backwards
okure backwardness, lag; failure, defeat
okure о toru be beaten, be de-
feated
teokure being too late
IHOMOPHONESI
ato Eft TRACE =>1032
okureru jS slow =>1999
okure jS slow =>1999
► LAW
► RHYTHM
RITSU RICHI Ц] nori
0268		Joyo-6	S9-3-6	K4607
E1-3-6	60	B0993	®363	U5F8B
У		1	г	4^	4^			
1	2	3
IcompoundsI
O0 [also suffix] law, rule, statute, regulation;
commandment
G [suffix] law (of nature), principle
а Ж Tf ritsuryd ancient laws
ftflS richigi honesty, faithfulness, loyalty
hbritsu law
kiritsu order, discipline; regulation, law
fubunritsu unwritten law [rule]
dotokuritsu moral law
Ж Ж kairitsu commandments, precepts
ogonritsu golden rule
ingaritsu law of cause and effect,
principle of causality
b § shizenritsu natural law
i
?
iii
5
'I'
t
I
5
P
0 rhythm, tone, pitch
Ж1Й ritsudb rhythm, rhythmic movement
ichiritsu uniformity, equality
senritsu melody
choritsu tuning
hRШ inritsu rhythm, meter, measure
0269
E1-3-6
► WAIT
TAI ma(tsu) -ma(chi)
Jdyd-3	S9-3-6	K3452
A0416	®364	U5F85
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 WAIT
0 wait for, await, expect, look forward to
105
0268-0269
Е з-б
*1 ---------------------------------------------
1 a Wtlt’TЪ taiki suru wait for an opportunity,
stand ready
taihisuru take shelter; shunt
b nfr taimei waiting for orders
P	taibbno hoped-for, long-awaited
J SAW kitai expectation, anticipation, hope
r 0 treat, entertain, receive
taigusuru treat, receive, entertain
J ScW'T-S settaisuru receive (guests), wel-
.	come; offer, serve, entertain
w SW shotai invitation
5 18ЙТЪ yQtai suru treat kindly, receive
x	hospitably, give special consideration
kantai suru give a cordial [warm]
ф	reception, entertain
t ra
; [matsu Wo]
< 0 WAIT
0 wait for, expect, look forward to
„ a Wt> machi waiting, waiting time
mataseru keep (a person) waiting
machiawaseru wait, meet by
appointment
W^> '□Ъ’Й’ machiawase waiting (for an
appointment or train)
machibuse ambush
W'o la machiaishitsu waiting room
W й! L И machiddshii just can’t wait for,
long for
machikaneru wait impatiently
[eagerly]
b	machinozomu expect, look for-
ward to
W	machiukeru wait for, await, ex-
pect
[-machi -W 1 [suffix] wait, waiting
shingomachi waiting for a traffic
light
kyanserumachi waiting
for a cancellation (on a flight)
0270
E1-3-6
► REPENT
KAI ku(iru) ku(yamu) kuya(shii)
Joyo	S9-3-6	K1889
C1453	®365	U6094
‘ •; ¥ £ Г
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 repent, regret, be sorry
W1^x kaishun repentance, penitence
18® kaikon regret, repentance
18 to kaigo repentance, remorse
kdkaisuru be sorry, regret, repent
[KUN]
[kuiru 18 V * <5 ] repent, regret, be sorry
18 И kui regret, repentance
18 V Й>Ъ kuiaratameru repent, be peni-
tent
[kuyamu 18¥JM repent, regret, lament
kuyamareru shissaku re-
grettable misstep
[ kuyashii 18 L И] vexing, mortifying, re-
grettable
kuyashisa vexation, chagrin, regret
’fiLfficT kuyashinaki crying from vexation,
tears of regret
IHOMOPHONESI
kuyashii □ 1b L И =>2119
► CONSTANT
KO H) tsune hisa hisashi nobu
t	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2517
61	C1333	®367	U6052
1'B
0271
E1-3-6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] constant, unchanging,
fixed
0 regular, established
a I'M Ж kojo constancy
1’МЙЕ kosan fixed property
b 1'_B Ж kosei fixed star
te ffil korei regular ceremony, established cus-
tom
0 permanent, lasting
кбкуй perpetuity, permanency
0270-0271
106
0272
В1-3-6
► HOLD A GRUDGE
KON ura(mu) ura(meshii)
t	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2608
61	D1872	®369	U6068
... 1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 hold A grudge, hate, feel bitter against
0 grudge, hatred
а ikon grudge, rancor, ill will
ST® enkon grudge, enmity
b	tajotakon sensibility
[KUN]
[uramu ® tT] hold a grudge, feel resent-
ment, feel bitter against
urami grudge, hatred, malice
sakaurami unjustified resentment
through misunderstanding
uramigoto grudge; reproach
[urameshii И] resentful, reproachful,
indignant
urameshigeni reproachfully
Wzfe&l? LT<
о 7c Kare да капе о kashite kurenai
по да urameshikatta I thought it cru-
elly unkind of him not to lend me money
[HOMOPHONESl
uramu
^>®2570
I® STRONGLY REGRET =>®764
urami
=>®2570
Ш STRONGLY REGRET =>®764
urameshii £gx =>®2570
► PROVOKE
CHO ido(mu)
0273
В1-3-6
J	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3609
64	C1102	®372	U6311
' Ш Я Я ЛЙЙ
23456789
3-6 Д
,	-------------------------------------1
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] provoke, arouse, instigate,
stir up, challenge
SfeWc chosen challenge, defiance	g
chohatsusuru provoke, incite, ex-
cite, stimulate	t
[KUN]	£
[idomu SEt?] challenge, defy, dare	j
H 3? tatakai о idomu challenge (a
person) to a fight	W
0274 El-3-6	i 64	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2573
		D2190	®373	U62F7
	ir	Tl-	Г-Fl	
123456789^
ICOMPOUNDSl	P
0 TORTURE, flog, beat
SIrI gomon torture; rack; third degree
SIIr) д' gomondai rack, instrument of torture
0275
В1-3-6
► HOLD
JI mo(tsu) -mo(chi) mo(teru)
J	Jdyd-3	S9-3-6	K2793
64	A0141	®374	U6301
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] hold, grasp, have; have
with one
Ъ jisan suru bring [take] with one,
carry
shijisuru support, maintain, back
up
shojisuru have (money) about
one; possess
0 (remain or cause to remain in a given condition)
hold out, hold up, last, endure
Ъ jizokusuru continue, last; maintain
jikyu endurance, sustenance, per-
sistence
107
0272-0275
П 3-6
1 ----------------------------------------------
1	jibyo chronic illness
hojisuru maintain, preserve, retain
iji maintenance, upkeep, preservation
gojisuru defend, protect; uphold
H ©0 hold in one's possession, possess, have
i 0 hold on to one's opinion, adhere to
fj a JvflW jiyaku favorite medicine
Ъ kyojisuru secure rights and profits
J ttirf juji chief priest (of a temple)
|[| b ВЙ jiron pet theory
kenjisuru maintain firmly, hold
5	fast to
kojisuru persist in, adhere to
[KUN]
' [motsu frfO]
£ O0 HOLD, take, have
у 0 have with one, carry
a jyp i	Ъ mochiageru raise, lift up; flatter
3	mochidasu take out, carry out; run
г?	away with; advance (one's opinion); be-
gin to have
jyf o Tfl < motte iku take (with one)
motte kuru bring (with one)
mochikosu carryforward,bring
over, defer
mochikakeru propose, offer (a
suggestion)
©0 hold in one's possession: have, possess,
own, bear
0 hold (an opinion), have, harbor, cherish
а mochinushi owner, proprietor
mochimono one's property, one's
possessions; one's baggage
temochi holdings
b	ikenomotsu hold an opinion
©0 hold (out), be supported, maintain, keep
up
0 hold up, last long, wear, endure
mochi wear, durability, life; draw
mochinaosu improve, rally, re-
cover
mochikotaeru hold out, survive
b	nagamochi suru last [keep]
long, endure
£	o /t Kono saifu wa
gonen motto This purse has lasted me
five years
0 take charge of
и ke motsu have [take] charge of
kakemochi suru hold two or
more positions concurrently
[-mochi
О person who has something, possessor
kanemochi wealthy [rich] person
komochi motherhood, maternity
chikaramochi man of great strength,
muscleman
0 state (of a person's feeling)
kimochi feeling, sensation, mood
[moteru ixf’C'S] be made much of, be
welcomed, be popular
motenashi hospitality, entertain-
ment; treatment
0276
В1-3-6
► LUMP TOGETHER
KATSU
	Joyo	S9-3-6	K1971
64	C1135	®376	U62EC
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
© lump together, lump, sum up, draw to-
gether
ЙЯ kakko parentheses, brackets
ЙтЙЙЙ katsuyakukin sphincter
ikkatsusuru lump together, sum
up
sokatsuteki all-inclusive, all-
embracing
Ъ gaikatsu suru summarize, sum up,
generalize
hokatsusuru include, compre-
hend, comprise
ЙЖ'Т-Ь tokatsusuru generalize
► HOLD BETWEEN
KYO hasa(mu) hasa(maru)
	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2220
64	D1926	®377	U631F
0277
E1-3-6
0276-0277
108
[COMPOUNDS]
ф HOLD BETWEEN, pinch
kydgeki attack on both sides, pincer
movement
[KUN]
[hasamu fttl]
00 HOLD BETWEEN, hold
0 pinch, nip
a T"— У0чZuTgS L teburu о
hasande hanashiau hold a conversa-
tion across the table
T St ft $9 ft hashi de tsukemono
о hasamu hold a pickle with chopsticks
b^^^Wftfttl pen о kuchibiru ni
hasamu nip a pen between one's lips
0 put (something) between, insert, interpose
ft^jA.ft' hasamikomu insert
IBS ft ft	zasshi ni hasamu place in a
magazine
□ ft	kuchi о hasamu interject, cut into
(a conversation)
[hasamaru ft <5] get between, lie be-
tween, be caught in
fa	В У ft ft ft & yubi ga doa ni
hasamaru one's fingers are caught in a
door
[HOMOPHONES]
hasamu
# INSERT =>®431
ftX =>0)1731
0278
Ci-3-6
► FINGER
► POINT
SHI yubi sa(su) -sa(shi) Ш ibu
7	Jdyd-3	S9-3-6	K2756
64	A0172	®378	U6307
1_____2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
KOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] finger
Jh® shimon fingerprint
fit Hi shiatsu shiatsu, acupressure
00 point (to), point out, indicate, show
© direct, instruct
° ztE'sT’-IE) shiteisuru designate, appoint
fB7j\ft^) shijisuru instruct, point out; indi-
3-6 (J
cate, point to
fiaftjft'b shitekisuru point out
fitlcfc shisu index (number); exponent
fa^ft^) shimeisuru nominate, designate,
name
b fitSf shinan instruction,teaching; instructor,
teacher
fit^lft-Ь shiddsuru guide, lead, instruct
fitj? shiki command
fitffl^ shikisha conductor; commander
fit ft- shirei order, instruction
[kun]
[yubi fig] finger, toe
fig tffl yubiwa (finger) ring
fitiirift yubisasu point to
fitW 0 yubikiri pledge made by hooking
each other's little fingers
hitosashiyubi index finger
Ilfs oyayubi thumb
лЁФfit ashinoyubi toe
[sasu fgft]
O0 point to, point at, indicate
© aim at, have in view
a fit L 0 sashizu directions
hoko o sasu point to a direction
b @ fit ft mezasu aim for, have an eye on
Ж-h^Sfitft chojo о mezasu set out for
the summit
0 appoint, nominate; finger, accuse
^□fit L nazashi nomination, calling names
[-sashi -fit L ] [suffix] player (of shogi)
WtRfig ft shdgisashi shogi player
HOMOPHONES]
i
b
?
ill
5
t
'7
P
sasu
£ DIFFERENCE =>2082
Я STAB =>0855
W INSERT =>0317
ЙЁ POUR =>®325
W SHOOT =>0979
1E STOP =>®2941
-sashi
It DIFFERENCE =^2082
$lj STAB =>0855
it STOP =>®2941
109
0278
n	3-6
1	LA ► pick up
	SHU JU hiro(u) Ц] osamu
	J □
П	0279 t Joyo-3 S9-3-6 K2906
i	E1-3-6 I 64 I DI 6191 ®379 I U62FE
i	I- 1} 1?
	123456789
1	ICOMPOUNDSl
III	0 [original meaning] pick up, gather
3	shutokusuru pick up, find
	JR#j 'Tshushu suru get under control,
	save (the situation)
'1'	[kun]
	[hirou tn 5] pick up, gather; find
	In’H	hiroiageru pick up; pick out
'7	In	hiroiatsumeru gather
	lEf ^tn О ishi о hirou pick up a stone
Г7	tn	hiroimono thing picked up [found];
P	bargain
► CAVE
DO hora Ц] to hokora
0280	'7	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3822
El-3-6	85	D1714	®380	U6D1E
				
Г /	i>i	>n	>Г] >l\hM>|s]	
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] [original meaning] cave, cavern,
grotto; cavity, tunnel
ddkutsu cavern, cave
fliO/C doketsu cave, den, excavation
kudo cave, cavern, hollow
fudd wind tunnel
ift?L?|s| shonyudo limestone cave [grotto]
© see through, penetrate, have an insight into
dosatsu insight, penetration
[KUN]
[ hora Ж! ] cave, cavern, den
^]7k horaana cave, cavern, den
O0 [also suffix] sect, faction, party; school;
clique, group
0 religious sect, denomination
а ЖМ habatsu clique, faction, coterie
^Ж ippa sect, denomination; school; party
^Ж toha party, faction, clique
&Ж saha left wing, left faction
ЙЕ Ж ryuha school
¥Ж gakuha school, sect
15 Д Ж kotenha the classical school
В0ФЖ tanakaha Tanaka faction
b 7пЖ shuha religious sect, denomination
Жтг^^Ж shinshu otani-ha Otanisectof
Shinshu
0 branch off, diverge, derive
ЖФ.'Т'b haseisuru derive from, stem from
© dispatch, send
ЖНиТ^ hashutsu suru send out, dispatch
ЖЖ'ТЪ haken suru dispatch, send
Ж Д hahei dispatch of troops
ЗФЖЖ tokuhain special correspondent-
delegate
0 unclassified compounds
Ж^Х£ hadena showy, flashy, gaudy
Д1ЖХ£ rippana fine, excellent, admirable
► CLEAN y' [ |* JO Ц] kiyo kiyoshi			
0282 E1-3-6	7 85	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3084
		C1396	®382	U6D44
I p I/			
ICOMPOUNDSl	4	5	6	7	8	9		
0 clean, pure, unstained
0 CLEANse, purify
0279-0282
110
3-6
0 wash, CLEANse
a seijona pure, clean
b joka purification, cleansing
josho clean copy
josuijo water purification plant
c senjo washing, irrigation
► TRULY
JUN ® makoto
0283
D1-3-6
0284
E1-3-6
Names	S9-3-6	K6213
D2984	®383	U6D35
► SEA
KAI umi ® ama hiroshi
'7	Jdyo-2	S9-3-6	K1904
85	A0180	®384	U6D77
123456789
IcompoundsI
0 sea, ocean
© suffix after names of seas
a kaiyo ocean, sea
kaigai overseas, abroad
ifizK® kaisuiyoku sea bathing
kaigan seashore, (sea) coast, beach
kaisanbutsu marine products
kaigun navy
kaimen surface of the sea
kdkai voyage, ocean navigation
ЖЙ5 nankai southern sea; South Seas
b	kasupikai Caspian Sea
H ФЙ nihonkai Japan Sea
|KUN|
[umi sea, ocean
umibe seaside, beach, seashore
JtlW araumi rough sea, stormy sea
[SPECIAL READINGS!
ama woman diver
unabara sea, ocean
ebi lobster, shrimp
Ш q'xa nori laver
0285
E1-3-6
► ACTIVE
► LIVE
KATSU Щ iku
Jdyd-2	S9-3-6	K1972
A0202	®385	U6D3B
D
1
' у > j
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
О active, lively, live, energetic, moving
katsudd activity, action; function
katsuyaku suru be active in, be
actively engaged
kappatsuna lively, active
ЙГЙ* kassei activity
ЙЖ kakki vigor, spirit, animation
ЙЖ kakkyd activity, briskness, prosperity
ffikasshasuru describe vividly, paint
a lively picture of
ffiTklll kakkazan active volcano
binkatsu quickness, alacrity
fukasseika inactivation
0 (not fixed) live, movable
katsuji movable type, printing type
jSJ® kappan printing, typography
00 live, be alive
© let live, keep alive
a SIS katsuro means of escape, way out
fukkatsusuru revive, come to life
again, be resurrected
b	katsuyo suru utilize, apply; conju-
gate, inflect
kassatsu life and death
0 (pass one’s life) live, lead one’s life
seikatsu life, existence; livelihood
jikatsu self-support
0286
E1-3-6
P
i
J
ill
5
t
*
'7
P
► FLOOD
KO Ц] hiro
'7	Joyo	59-3-6	K2531
85	D1854	®386	U6D2A
		1 7'7^				
111
0283-0286
Е з-б
1 ,	---------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] flood, inundation
ЖZK kozui flood, inundation
g	kosekisei diluvial epoch
► VAST
KO Hl hikaru akira takeshi hiro
hiroshi
Names	S9-3-6	K6211
D1996	®387	U6D38
► WASH
SEN ara(u) Ц arai
'7	Jdyd-6	S9-3-6	K3286
85	C1163	®388	U6D17
I 0288
'? И1-3-6
		У			гя- y	5^		
P ,___________,
_ ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] wash, dean
senjd washing, irrigation
ЙсЖ sengan washing one’s face
senzai detergent, cleanser
senrei baptism
senmenjo washroom; bathroom
senmenki washbowl, sink
Sfcflt sentaku laundering, washing
senren refinement, polishing, elegance
zKSc suisen flushing, washing
[KUN]
[arau St О ] wash, cleanse, bathe, rinse
araimono washing,laundry;dishes
to be washed
tearai toilet; washstand
► SHALLOW
SEN asa(i) ЕЮ asa
0289	7	Jdyd-4	S9-3-6	K3285
E1-3-6	85	C1232	®389	U6D45
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (not deep) shallow
senkai shallow sea
Й£7Й shinsen depth
© (lacking profundity) shallow, superficial
7ЙЙ senpaku shallowness, superficiality,
flimsiness
sengaku superficial knowledge
SSI senryo indiscretion, imprudence,
thoughtlessness
sensai lackof ability, incompetence
[KUN]
[asai S 0 ] shallow; superficial
SSI asase shoal, shallows
asahakana frivolous, thoughtless
^5 Л 0S ИЛ kangae no asai hito shallow-
brained person
0290
E1-3-6
1	2
[kun]
► HARBOR
SHIN tsu
7	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3637
85	B0748	®390	U6D25
У
[tsu Ж J elegant harbor, ferry
tsutsu-uraura ni throughout
the land, in every harbor and every bay
tsunami tsunami, tidal wave
0291
В1-3-6
► SANDBAR
SHU su
Names	S9-3-6	K2907
D1686	®391	U6D32
[KUN]
[su ЙН] sandbar, shallows, shoal
(Й'ЙН sasu sandbar, sandbank
zasusuru strand, run aground
IHOMQPHONESI
SU M STATE =>0039
0287-0291
112
0292
Е1-3-6
► OCEAN
► WESTERN
YO Ц] hiro hiroshi
'7	Joyd-3	S9-3-6	K4546
85	A0483	0392	U6D0B
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О ocean, sea
_h yojo in the ocean, on the sea
kaiyo ocean, sea
taiyo ocean
00 [also prefix] western, European, foreign
0 the West, the Occident
a Ж yofu Western [foreign] style
yoga foreign film; Western painting
ydfuku (Western) clothes
ЙЁпп yohin haberdashery
ЙЁЖ ydsai foreign-style dressmaking
yoshu foreign wine [liquors]
yoshiki Western style
ydshitsu Western-style room
yoma Western-style room
yoshoku Western cooking, European
dish
ydsho foreign [Western] book
b seiyo the West, the Occident
E1-3-6
0293
В1-3-6
incorrect stroke-count
^>seeC 1-3-7: '7 at 0319
► ALONE
► GERMANY
DOKU hito(ri)
1	Jdyd-5	89-3-6	K3840
94	A0454	®395	U72EC
[compounds!
O0 alone, by oneself, single, sole, solo
0 act arbitrarily, act without the advice of
others
а Mlzts dokuso running alone; easy victory,
walkover
3-6 П
dokuen solo recital	1
ffiW'T-b dokuso suru play solo, play alone
ffilt dokuritsu independence, self-reliance
Ml^ dokugaku self-study, self-teaching
Ml# dokushin single life; celibacy	M
Ml й dokusen exclusive possession, monop-	i
°ly	b
ffiSc dpkusai dictatorship, autocracy
ЖМЮ tandokuno single, independent, sole, J
lone
HlMlO kodokuno solitary, lonely, alone ®
b Ml®f dokudan arbitrary decision, dogmatism
MlSI dokuzen self-righteousness
00 GERMANY
Q German (language)	f
аЙ® seidoku West Germany	j.
b Ml^Z dokubun German literature	T
?DMl8?ft wadokujiten Japanese-German У
dictionary	у
[KUN]
Chiton ЙО]	I5
0 alone, solitary, by oneself
0 single, unmarried
a 0 SS 0 hitoribotchi no solitary
Ml V № hitoritabi traveling alone, solitary
journey
b Ml 0 hitorimono single [unmarried] man
[woman]
[HOMOPHONES]
hitori =>2105,2111
► NARROW
KYO sema(i) seba(meru)
seba(maru)
5	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2225
94	C1376	®396	U72ED
0294
El-3-6
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] narrow, constricted
0 (of limited scope) narrow, limited, restricted
a kyoshona narrow, cramped, small-
sized
kyosaku stricture, stenosis
b	kydrydna narrow-minded
kyogi narrow meaning
113
0292-0294
Е з-e
1 ------------------------------------------
1	henkydna narrow-minded, intoler-
ant; parochial
[KUN]
ц [semai J narrow,small,tight; (of
limited scope) narrow (minded), limited, re-
i stricted
£ RS L И semakurushii narrow and close,
cramped
i	semakimon narrow gate; school
|[|	[position] hard to enter [get]
semaiheya small room
5	shiya no semai narrow-minded,
shortsighted
[sebameru &-6] vt narrow, contract,
T reduce
£	han'iо sebameru narrow
down the range
* [sebamaru	w become narrow,
narrow, contract
R	Shikai да sebamatta
Visibility became poor
► HUNT
SHU ka(ru) ka(ri) -ga(ri)
5	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2877
94	D1696	®397	U72E9
ft
0295
В1-3-6
123456789
IcompoundsI
* [original meaning] hunt
3?Ж shuryd hunting, hunt
shuryoki hunting season
[KUN]
[karu ??<5]hunt
ft К karyudo hunter
ft 0 karikomi roundup
ft 0 Ш T karidasu hunt out, round up
ft 0 kariatsumeru muster, gather
[kari ft 0 ] HUNTing, hunt, chase
ft 0 W”T	kariniiku go hunting
C-gari -ft V ] [also suffix]
О HUNTing; roundup
ЛёЗ? 0 kumagari bear hunting
ИЗ? 0 bdryokudangari roundup of
gangsters
0 gathering (fruits)
ifjx^5x?? V budogari grape picking
ЙЯ~РЗ? 0 shiohigari shell gathering (at low
tide)
IHOMOPHONESI
karu
/lj CUP =>0016
Ж DRIVE =>1185
0296
В1-3-6
► LIMIT
GEN kagi(ru) kagi(ri) -kagi(ri)
IS	Jdyb-5	S9-3-6	K2434
170	A0383	®398	U9650
								
-r	•5	F	r		r	FP	FP	FH
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] limit, set a limit, restrict
0 [also suffix] limit, bounds
a РЕ/Ё'З"'?) genteisuru limit, restrict, define
®1PET& seigen suru restrict, limit
Ъ kyokugen suru localize, limit, set
limits to
EHf РЕШЗ¥ jigen-bakudan time bomb
b PEfl< gendo limit, bounds
PE J?- genkai boundary, limit, bounds
ЯРЕ kigen time limit, term
_tPE jbgen upper limit, maximum
ffiPE kengen power, authority; competence
(of law)
PIPE mongen closing-time, lockup
МРЕФ mugenno infinite, endless, unfath-
omable
ЛФРЕ saishogen minimum
[KUN]
[kagiru KE-6 ] limit, restrict (to); be the best,
be the only way
H PE Ъ hi о kagiru put a time-limit on
... WE в ZX H . to wa kagiranai be not
always [necessarily]...
(Z PE Ъ Sono te ni kagiru That's the
best way
[kagiri KE 0 ] limit, limits, bound; as far
(much) as possible
РЕО^И kagirinai unlimited,limitless
0295-0296
114
Pfc 0 & & kagiriaru limited, finite
ffi -Ы® 0 dekiru kagiri as far as possible
[-kagiri -PR ty ] [suffix] insofar as, this time
only
^йЖ V kondokagiri for this once only
0297
E1-3-7
► DITTY
BAI uta uta(u)
□	Names	S10-3-7	K1720
30	D1910	®400	U5504
ICOMPOUNDSl
• song in praise of Buddha's virtues
bonbai song in praise of Buddha's vir-
tues
[kun]
[uta RR] [also suffix] ditty, song, ballad—used
esp. in reference to traditional Japanese songs
ФRR kouta ditty, ballad
“F \FRR komoriuta lullaby
MRS hanauta humming
[utau RR О ] recite, sing—used esp. in refer-
ence to traditional Japanese songs
IHOMQPHONESI
uta IK SONG =>1187
utau
IK SONG =>1187
IS POPULAR SONG =>1071
Цх =>®1632
► INSTIGATE
SA sosonoka(su)
□	Joyo	S10-3-7	K2622
30	C1416	®402	U5506
П 2	H L I ci I		5	P^ 6	7	p/t 8	P^ 9
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] instigate, incite, abet
kyosa instigation, incitement
shisasuru suggest, hint
3-7 E
—------------------------------------1
[KUN]
[sosonokasu J instigate, egg on, abet,
incite	•
RS L sosonokashi instigation	P
hitoniakujio	,
sosonokasu entice a person to do
something wrong	Л
0299
В1-3-7
► PECK
TAKU TOKU tsuiba(mu)
□	Names	S10-3-7	K3479
30	D2196	®402.5	U5544
ICOMPOUNDSl
• peck, pick
I® Ж takuboku literary woodpecker
[KUN]
[tsuibamu peck, pick
mushi о tsuibamu (of a bird) pick
at a worm
J
Hi
-I4
'7
P
I
► BURY
MAI u(meru) u(maru) u(moreru)
0300	±	Joyo	S10-3-7	K4368
E1-3-7	32	C1122	®403	U57CB
—	+	3 3’ 3n3^	3s		я
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] bury, embed
maisd burial, interment
maizobutsu buried treasure
maibotsu suru be buried; fall into
oblivion
maisen underground cable
ШйхЖЪ maisetsusuru put [lay] under-
ground
[kun]
[umeru	bury, embed; fill up
tsuchini umeru bury in the
ground
115
0297-0300
Zl 3-7
1 -------------------------------------------
1	ikiume being buried alive
umetateru reclaim, fill in
umetate reclamation (of land)
p [umaru	be filled up, be buried
under, be embedded
J Ж S о Zt ФЖ yuki ni umatta komichi
±	lane buried deep in snow
[umoreru ffl] vibe buried, be buried
f in oblivion, live in obscurity
|l|	umoregi bog wood
Й1A 0 Ж hakoirimusume innocent [naive]
girl of a good family
ТЁтй 0 Й1 hanaurimusume flower girl
0303
В1-3-7
► DAUGHTER OF NOBLE BIRTH
КГ hime hime-
it.	Joyo	S10-3-7	K4117
38	D1643	©407	U59EB
'f Ain ► ENJOYMENT
i йЬк go
I L A		я		Г		Я5	Ж
£	Joyo	S10-3-7	K2468
38	D1829	®405	U5A2F
123456789
l^i
{l 10
ICOMPOUNDSl
k * enjoyment/ amusement, merriment,
pleasure
goraku amusement, pastime
gorakugai amusement quarter
gorakushitsu recreation room
123456789
Й
10
[KUN]
[hime
0 daughter [young lady] of noble [gentle]
BIRTH/ princess
0 courtesy title after names of young ladies of
noble birth
a himegimi princess, highborn young
lady
himesama daughter of a nobleman
himemiya princess
b АЙ5 senhime Princess Sen
S/>72]/v!C shindererahime Cinderella
[hime- Й5-] [prefix] small, little, pretty
ЛЕФ® himekomatsu small pine
IHOMOPHONESI
hime Ж damsel =>0413
► DAUGHTER
► GIRL
musume
0302 El-3-7	38	Joyo	S10-3-7	K4428
		Cl 137	©406	U5A18
< 1 *		ri-		
Ж
0304
El-3-7
► CONCEIVE
SHIN
it	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3117
38	D1800	®408	U5A20
[KUN]
[musume !®]
О DAUGHTER
^АЙЙ hitorimusume only daughter
0 [also suffix] girl maiden
musumegokoro girlish innocence
komusume young girl, lass
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] conceive/ become preg-
nant
ЯЕШ ninshin pregnancy, conception
0301-0304
116
► GRANDCHILD
SON mago
0305 E1-3-7	T 39	Jdyo-4	S10-3-7	K3425
		C1417	®410	U5B6B
	I	i 1	2	3	lr 4	‘Г|- 5	6	7	8	9	
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] grandchild
ЖЖ koson Imperial grandchild
№1% chakuson heir of the eldest son
oson royal grandson
О descendant
"Fshison descendant, offspring
tenson descendant of a god
[KUN]
[mago grandchild
magomusume granddaughter
magodeshi disciples of one's disci-
ples
► PEAK
HO mine [D о
0306 E1-3-7	111 46	Joyo	S10-3-7	K4286
		D1631	®411	U5CF0
1 il |il>	11/	ill*7 I		
42
[compounds!
0 [also suffix] (mountain with pointed summit)
peak, high mountain
© [original meaning] (pointed summit of a moun-
tain) peak, summit, mountaintop
а ЗЁ1Ш shuho main peak
iSlW renpo mountain range, series of moun-
tain peaks
tH^bIW mitoho unclimbed mountain
b rWjlW koho lofty peak, high mountain
ft saikdhd highest peak; highest
3-7 E
--------------------------------------------- 1
authority------------------------------------1
[KUN]
[mine	<
O0 (summit or vicinity of a summit) peak, sum- p
mit, ridge	,
0 high mountain	*
a l^lW minemine peaks	fy
I^Sfa V minezutaini along the ridges	7
minetsuzuki succession of peaks	*
0 back of a sword	№
IHOMOPHONESI
mine Ш RIDGE =>1540	.
II® 0307	► STERN SHUN Ц] takashi taka toshi takeshi				t
	111	Names	S10-3-7	K2952	
E1-3-7	46	D2108	®412	U5CFB	p
ICOMPOUNDSI					1
0 stern, strict, severe, uncompromising	||
shungen na strict, stern, rigorous,
severe	7
shunkyo suru refuse flatly, reject
sternly
|1$сЯУ shunbetsu sharp distinction, strict dis-
crimination
I^TWJ shungezaidrastic aperient
► SLOWLY
JO [Ю shizuka
0308		Joyo	S10-3-7	K2989
E1-3-7	60	C1550	®414	U5F90
				
L	1	it 1	2	3	t 4	1Л 5	6	7	8	9	
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 slowly, gently, quietly
jojo ni slowly, gradually
jokosuru go slowly
117
0305-0308
ИЗ-7
1
В
i
$
J
й
t
'/
3
P
4
№
0309
В1-3-7
► FOLLOW
JO SHO ju shitaga(u)
shitaga(eru) Щ yori
Joyo-6	S10-3-7	K2930
B0642	®415	U5F93
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (go after) follow, accompany, attend on
© FOLLOwer, attendant, servant, vassal
а ®ЁЖ"1~-Ь jugun suru follow [join] the army,
go to the front
[ШаЁЧГЪ zuijusuru follow the lead of, play
second fiddle to
тё'КЁ'ТЪ tsuiju suru follow, be servile to;
imitate
b jusha follower, attendant, squire
1аЁИ1 juboku servant, attendant
ЗЁЙЁ shuju (=shHju) master and servant, lord
and vassal
jiju chamberlain
0 (act in accordance with) follow (a person's
instructions), comply with, obey, observe,
submit to
jujunna submissive, obedient, docile
Ш'ЙЁ'Т'Ь fukujusuru obey, submit to
Ж'ЙЁ'Ж'б mojusuru follow blindly
1й®Ё tsuishd flattery, sycophancy
© (take up as main work) follow an occupation,
engage in, be engaged in
ЙЁЖ'ТЪ jujisuru engage in, be engaged in
'SzStlT& jugyd suru be employed, be in
service
ЖЙЁ^ senjQsha full time worker
0 [also prefix] subordinate, second grade,
secondary
ЙЁЖ'Т'Ь juzokusuru be subordinate, de-
pend
ЙЁИ^ jutekina subordinate, secondary
®Ё2Г.{4 jusanmi second grade of the third
rank of honor
0 next in kin
ЙЁЯ jukei (=itoko) older cousin
0 since, from
ЙЁЖО juraino former, old, existing
ЙЁЙЦФ juzenno previous, former
[kun]
[shitagau ЙЁ5]
O0 (go after) follow, accompany, attend on
0 [in the form of йЁоТ shitagatte] (result as
a consequence) follow, result in
a ft of ЙЁ ? tsukishitagau follow, accompany
b ЙЁ о ~C shitagatte therefore, consequently,
accordingly
00 follow (a person's advice), obey, abide
by, conform to; follow (a precedent)
© comply with, accede to
a )£izf ЙЁ О chukoku nishitagau follow
[act upon] advice
b.JZfoT.. .nishitagatte in accordance
with...; in proportion to...
0 yield to, submit
ЙЕЯ1яW (3 ЙЁ ^5 seifukusha ni shitagau
submit to a conqueror
[shitagaeru йЁХ.<5] be attended by, take
along
ЛйЁ ЛТ kerai futari shitagaete
attended by two retainers
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with follower =>0310
ifEi
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] (adherent) follower, believer,
disciple, pupil
jg® shinto believer, devotee; the faithful
-pZljunishito the Twelve Apostles
gakuto student, follower
seito pupil, student
bukkyoto Buddhist
00 fellows, companions, gang, party
0309-0310
118
3-7 П
Q fellow, person
a toto clique, faction, conspirators
ИИ/t boto rioters, mobsters, insurgents
b tW® bakuto gambler
О [original meaning] go on foot, walk, run
toho walking, going on foot
[note]
★do not confuse with follow =>0309
0311
E1-3-7
► DELIGHTED
ETSU (Ц yoshi nobu
Joyo	510-3-7	K1757
C1588	®418	U60A6
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] delighted, pleased, happy
1ЙЖ etsuraku pleasure, joy
Ж1Й kietsu delight, rapture,joy
Й1Й man’etsu great joy, rapture
yuetsu joy
ЙЖ hoetsu religious exultation; ecstasy
0312
E1-3-7
► AWAKE TO
GO sato(ru) Ц] satoshi
t	Joyo	510-3-7	K2471
61	C1372	®419	U609F
[compounds!
О awake to, become aware of, realize, com-
prehend
1ST goryd complete comprehension
kakugosuru be ready [prepared]
for; be resigned; make up one's mind
0 awake to the Truth, become enlightened,
attain satori
tn Ж godd spiritual enlightenment; philoso-
phy; (Buddhist) enlightenment
[KUN]
[satoru fi <5 ] be spiritually awakened,
attain (Buddhist) enlightenment [satori]
« 0 satori satori, spiritual awakening
IHOMOPHONESI
Satoru PERCEIVE =>1668
satori Ж PERCEIVE =>®2604
1
П
i
$
J
lb
'I'
'7
P
{i
и
► SUFFER
NO naya(mu) naya(masu)
0313	t	Joyo	510-3-7	K3926
E1-3-7	61	C1057	®421	U60A9
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] suffer, be distressed
0 suFFERing, distress, pain, trouble, affliction u
a i'KSL noran worry, anguish
ЖЧ'Й дпд agony, anguish, trouble
b SIS kund suffering, distress, anguish
JS'lkO bonno worldly desires, carnal desires
[KUN]
[nayamu 1и£Л vi be troubled, be worried;
suffer, be distressed
t8<^ nayami troubles, worries, suffering, an-
guish
Ь V * nayamashii distressful, full of
cares and vexations; seductive, alluring
1Фnobinayamu be held in check, fail
to grow
[nayamasu	afflict, torment;
trouble, annoy, harass
atama о nayamasu rack one's
brains
119
0311-0313
ИЗ-7
i Е1-3-7
► BROTHERLY LOVE
TEI DAI Ц] yasushi yasu yoshi
tomo
Names	S10-3-7	K3680
D2481	®424	U608C
£ ICOMPOUNDSI
j 0 [original meaning] brotherly love, obedi-
' ence to one's older brother
ill	kotei filial piety and brotherly love
1
-I-
I
r
₽
4
(I
I
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-3-8: t at 0357
В1-3-7
► CATCH
HO to(raeru) to(rawareru) to(ru)
tsuka(maeru) tsuka(maru)
	Joyo	510-3-7	K4265
64	B0562	@429	U6355
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 catch, seize, grasp
0 (capture by force) catch, capture, arrest
а	hokakusuru catch (fish); capture
(a ship), seize
hokyu a catch (in baseball)
hoshu catcher
ЙЙИ1 taiho arrest, capture
b hogei whaling
horyo prisonerof war, captive
[kun]
[toraeru fflbA6]
0 catch, seize, grasp
0 (capture by force) catch, capture, arrest
а ЙГ b A <5 sode о toraeru catch a
person by the sleeve
b Ш b A A dorobo о toraeru arrest a
thief
IО It 6 A hittoraeru capture, arrest,
seize
[torawareru -hlibbtlA]
0 be caught, be arrested
0 be imprisoned, be taken captive
а Й b A>Al toraware captivity, imprisonment
ЙЙ	teki ni torawareru be
caught by the enemy
[toru JU -S ] catch, take, seize
4Й tori mono capture, arrest
sakanaotoru catch fish
bundoru loot, grab
[tsukamaeru ffiS A A ] arrest, nab, capture,
CATCH
A А %) hannin о tsukamaeru
arrest the culprit
[tsukamaru be caught, be arrested
1X о 'b tottsukamaru be caught
IHOMOPHONESI
toraeru =>®433
torawareru И prisoner =^®3042
toru
1X TAKE =>0847
S PICK =>0367
Ш PHOTOGRAPH =>0514
$1 EXECUTE =>1102
tsukamaeru fflx =>®690
tsukamaru Hx =>®690
0316
E1-3-7
► SWING
SHIN fu(ru) bu(ru) fu(ri) -bu(ri)
fu(ruu)
	Joyo	510-3-7	K3122
64	B0519	®430	U632F
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] swing, oscillate, vibrate
0 baseball swing
a	shindo vibration
shinpuku amplitude (of vibration)
b	sanshin strikeout
0 rise, prosper, thrive
shinko promotion, furtherance, rousing
'FiSI fushin dullness, depression, stagnation,
slump
0314-0316
120
3-7 П
[KUN]
[furu jg-5]
O0 wave, shake; swing, oscillate
0 brandish, wield, flourish
G sprinkle, cast
a 0 lAj furimuku turn around, look back
A Ъ te о furu wave one's hand
b SW “F furiko pendulum
с Ю furisode long sleeved kimono
0 reject, refuse; jilt, ditch
SI furareru get the mitten, be kicked
out
© give (a role), cast (a part)
Styfurigana small капа characters
that indicate pronunciation
0 unclassified compounds
S&^'D furumau behave oneself; enter-
tain, treat
[buru IS <5 ] assume an air of, pretend, affect
ILL Si О XL 6 iya ni butte iru reek of
affectation
_hnnSi<5 johinburu be prudish
'^^aS'b gakushaburu assume the air of a
scholar, be pedantic
[furi SS ty ] swing, shake, wave; dress, per-
sonal appearance; show, make-believe, pre-
tense; posture, gesture, action
A ty	ty Sit Hito no furi
mite waga furi naose Correct your
conduct by observing that of others
Й ZlSr ty Ъ neta furi о suru pretend to
be asleep
Si ty #№ furitsuke dance composition, cho-
reography
^S ty miburi gesture, gesticulation
[-buri -Si ty ] [also suffix]
О manner, way, style
KJS ty edaburi shape of a tree, ramifications
й О ty otokoppuri man's looks; public
estimation
О V	Nomippuri да ii ne
You can really down it, eh!
© after a lapse of
A Lffi ty IZ hisashiburi ni after a long time
[interval]
sannenburinikisei
suru come home after three years' ab-
sence
[furuu Si-5 5]
0 wield, brandish, manipulate, master
© wield (authority), exercise, exhibit (one's
powers)
0 shake
а Шх ^SiX О yariofuruu wield a spear
b Ъ Z) ude о furuu display one's ability,
exercise one's talent
c SR-bV^ch”^" furuiotosu shake off
IHOMOPHONESI
furuu
WIELD =>®589
Й QUAKE =>1794
Ж ROUSE UP =>1532
1
► INSERT
SO sa(su)
031	7	J	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3362
El-3-7		64	D1956	®431	U633F
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
П
±
$
?
Ill
t
I
IS
4
и
© [original meaning] insert, put into, stick
between
S?AA<5 sonyusuru insert, put into
StbS sowa anecdote
StH soga illustration (in a book)
soka flower arrangement
[KUN]
[sasu SPT]
0 insert, put into, stick between
0 insert seedlings, plant
aft Lfe sashie illustration (in a book)
St LA sashiki cutting; cuttage
kabin ni hana о sasu put
flowers in a vase
IHOMOPHONESI
Jh FINGER =>0278
Ц DIFFERENCE =^>2082
Я STAB =>0855
121
0317
ИЗ-7
1 ---------------
1	POUR =>®325
М SHOOT =>0979
lh STOP =>02941
п
i
ь
J
III
'I'
t
P
{i
0318
E1-3-7
► LOOK FOR
SO saga(su)
	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3360
64	B0671	®432	U635C
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] look for, search
sdsa criminal investigation, search
ЖЖ sdsaku search, investigation
hakusd searching far and wide
[KUN]
[sagasu STJ look for (a lost object),
search for, hunt for
SLft sagashimono looking for something
lost; thing to look for
HlS L takarasagashi treasure hunt
T^ST hon о sagasu look for a book
[HOMOPHONES]
sagasu probe =>0374

incorrect stroke-count
^seeE 1-3-6: £ at 0274
E1-3-7
► FLOAT
у	FU u(ku) u(kareru) u(kabu)
j J u(kaberu) Ц] uki
0319	7	Joyo	S10-3-7 K4166
E1-3-7	85 B0843	®435	U6D6E
and downs
?¥ JtT%) fujosuru surface, rise [float] to the
surface
7#Ж fuyd floating
furyoku buoyancy, lift
fuhyd (marker) buoy
fuyu floating, suspension
© FLOATing, transient, insecure, insubstantial
furosha vagabond, loafer, hobo
f¥®)T<5 fuddsuru fluctuate; float, waft
fusetsu wild rumor, speculation
fugen unfounded report, wild rumor
[kun]
[uku ?? < ] vi float, rise to the surface;
become buoyant; frivolous, flippant, insecure
cT uki float; buoy, life buoy
cT W 0 ukibori relief, embossed carving
ukiagaru float, rise to the sur-
face
ukiukito buoyantly, cheerfully
ukiyo transitory world, fleeting life
S.AL'O ukiashidatsu begin to waver
[falter], lose confidence
[ukareru	] vi become buoyant, be
gay, be in high spirits
ukareotoko playboy
[ukabu	float, rise to the surface;
come across one's mind
mizu ni ukabu awa bubbles
on the water
kokoro ni ukabu come across
one's mind
[ukaberu	] vr float, set afloat-
express, show
4^—	boto о ukaberu launch
a boat
bishd о ukabete with a
smile
[SPECIAL READINGS]
uwaki inconstancy; love affair; fickleness
uwatsuku be fickle, be flippant, be
restless
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] float, rise to the surface
fuchin rise and fall, ebb and flow; ups
0318-0319
122
0320
E1-3-7
► BEACH
HIN hama
7	Joyo	S10-3-7	K4145
85	B0527	®436	U6D5C
	7	* /					
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 beach, seashore, coast
kaihin seashore, seaside, beach
[KUN]
[hama beach, seashore, coast
hamabe beach, seashore
sunahama sandy beach, sands
hamakaze beach wind
hamanasu sweetbrier
hamazutaini along the beach
ж
0321
E1-3-7
► SEASIDE
HO ura
'7	Joyo	S10-3-7	KI 726
85	B0790	®437	U6D66
|7	7	ii	in	in	in	
23456789
123456789
ж
ICOMPOUNDSI
* [original meaning] shore, coast, seaside,
water's edge
ЙЖ kyokuho winding coast [beach]
[kun]
[ura ffi]
О elegant seaside, seashore
urakaze sea breeze
Ж Л urabito seaside dweller
ЖЖ urazato village by the sea
tsutsu-uraura ni throughout
the land, in every harbor and every bay
0 coastal indentation, inlet, small bay
ЖЙ urawa coastal indentations
3-7 E
— 1
► VAST
KO [D hiro hiroshi hiromu go
haru yutaka
7	Names	S10-3-7	K2532
85	C1107	®438	U6D69
0322
El-3-7
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф vast (like an expanse of water), extensive,
immense, great
kozentaru vast; magnanimous
P
i
$
ICOMPOUNDSI
О billow, large wave, wave
hard waves, billows
ЖЖ furd wind and waves, heavy seas
0 wander, roam, ramble, drift about
roro wandering
ЖЛ ronin lordless samurai, ronin; unsuccess-
ful examinee; jobless person
ЙЙТ& horosuru wander about, roam
furosha vagabond, loafer, hobo
ЙЖ'Т-Ь rurosuru wander [roam] about
from place to place
О wasteful, extravagant, unrestrained
rohi waste, extravagance
0324
В1-3-7
► TEAR
RUI namida
Joyo	S10-3-7	K4662
C1456	®440	U6D99
123
0320-0324
ИЗ-7
J ICOMPOUNDSl
г ф [original meaning] tear, tears
*	ruisen lachrymal gland
J	ruind lachrymal sac, dacryocyst
ill	rakuruisuru shed tears
sairui-gasu teargas
ffs fe (3 П@х	anrui ni musebu shed silent
jh	tears
[KUN]
’ [namida Й£] tear, tears; sympathy; a mere
7 particle of, a modicum of
<X? namidagumu be moved to tears
namida о nomu choke back
|5	one's tears, take an insult
j M namidaame sprinkling rain
ureshinamida tears of joy
(l	namidakin small sum of consolation
money
► FLOW
Уу7> ► CURRENT
vIL
ryO RU naga(reru) naga(re)
UOZO naga(su) -naga(su) Щ nagashi
	Jdyd-3	S10-3-7	K4614
85	A0306	®441	U6D41
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] flow, stream, run
0 let flow, spill out, discharge, shed
а Stli'T'Ь ryudosuru flow, circulate, be
liquid
Stffi ryushutsu outflow, effusion
^St^~^> hyoryusuru drift, be adrift
o'St'^'^) goryusuru flow together; join,
unite
b Stlfl ryuketsu bloodshed
J&St horyu discharge; stocking (a river) with
(fish)
0 FLOWing, fluent
StfJI^ ryuchoni fluently, flowingly,
smoothly
StHZ£ ryureina fluent, flowing
00 (water or air flow) current, stream, flow
0 (body of running water) stream, river
0 (general tendency) current, drift, trend
а SjSt kairyu ocean current
MSt kiryu air [atmospheric] current, air
stream
BSSt danryu warm current
_bSt joryu upper stream (of a river); upper
class
®ISt chdryu tide, current; tendency, trend
Ж St куйгуй rapid stream, swift current; swift-
running river; rapids
ь ^St honryu main course (of a river), main
stream
^fSt bunryu distributary, river branch
с B§St jiryu fashion [current] of the times,
general drift of affairs
iSt shuryu main current, mainstream
jj£St teiryu bottom current, undercurrent
0 electric current
IHSt denryu electric current
5CSt кдгуй alternating current; interchange
SSt seiryu rectification
© spread, be disseminated, be circulated,
pervade
St® ryiitsu circulation of money or goods;
flow of water; ventilation
St Ж rufu circulation, dissemination, spread
St fl* *3“ <5(=Stfr Ъ) гуйкб suru (=hayaru)
be fashionable, be in vogue; prevail
0 characteristic or institutionalized style:
0 [also suffix] style, way, mode, manner,
form, fashion
0 [also suffix] school, style, system
a ijcZSt jikoryu one’s own style, one's way of
doing things
EiJ&StO mishimaryu no in the style of
Mishima
b St Ж ryuha school
StfiS ryugi school, style, system, method
Ж Я St sdgetsuryu Sogetsu school of flower
arrangement
0 class, order, rate, grade
0325
124
3-7 E
ФЙ1 churyu middle class
—ЙгЬ niryO second-rate
[KUN]
[nagareru ЙЙ] flow, run; pass (time);
drift away, float
nagarekomu flow into, stream in;
wander into (town)
Toki ga nagareru Time flows
St^11 nagareboshi shooting star, meteor
[nagare Sttl]
0 FLOWing, flow, current, stream
0 (body of running water) stream, river
0 stream, flow (of things or people)
a JI kawanagare being carried away by a
current
куй na nagare rapid stream,
swiftly running river
c	kuruma no nagare flow of cars
nagaresagyo assembly-line sys-
tem
[nagasu StTJ
0 let flow, spill, drain
0 set adrift, float
0 wash, scrub (one's back)
a St L nagashi sink; bath attendant; strolling
musician; cruising taxi
StLj&ir nagashikomu pour into; wash
down
St'3" namida о nagasu shed tears
b nagashiami driftnet
c W Ф	St^~ senaka о nagasu rinse one's
back
[-nagasu -StT] [verbal suffix] ignore, do and
disregard
WGfSt’sT kikinagasu let something go in
one ear and out the other
S ttSitT ukenagasu ward off, elude; turn
aside (a joke)
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Stfr* hayari (=гуйкд) vogue, fashion; fad,
craze
sasuga just as expected; like
► SOAK
SHIN hita(su) hita(ru)
1
0 [original meaning] soak, immerse
0 permeate, infiltrate, penetrate; ooze, seep
a	shinsui inundation, submergence
b	shinto permeation, penetration
shinjun permeation, infiltration
ЙЕЖ shinshutsu percolation, exudation, effu-
sion
[KUN]
[hitasu ST] vtsoAK, dip, steep, immerse;
drench, moisten
hitashimono boiled greens flavored
with soy
it	ЖТ nuno о senryo ni hitasu
soak cloth in a dye
7КЯ Ь mizubitashi submergence; being
waterlogged
T?LLZl/'x > дуйпуйnihitashita
pan bread dunked in milk
[hitaru S <5 ] vi be soAKed in, dip in; be
addicted to, be indulged in
furo no yu ni hitaru soak
in a bathtub, sink into a hot bath
[note]
★do not confuse with invade =>0076
0327
E1-3-7
П
i
$
?
Hi
*
7
3
I?
1
► EXTINGUISH
► SPEND
SHO ki(eru) ke(su)
Jdyd-3	S10-3-7	K3035
A0323	®443	U6D88
125
0326-0327
[37___________________________________________
)' I/....й ' P ' l^1
1	2	3456789
и 12Й j
J ICOMPOUNDSI
x О (put out a light or fire) extinguish, put out;
switch off
J	shobo fire fighting, prevention and ex-
.	tinction of fires
w	shobosha fire engine
shoka firefighting
T<5 shotd suru turn off the lights
©0 (wipe out of existence) extinguish, elimi-
J nate, remove from, obliterate
у 0 disappear, vanish
a	shoka digestion; assimilation; consump-
5	tion
P	shodoku disinfection, sterilization
shdon silencing (a machine)
^1 tHMSI shoshuzai deodorant
shdkyaku suru efface; erase
kaishosuru liquidate, annul, solve;
be liquidated, be solved
Ъ masshd suru erase, strike out
b shosoku (personal) news, movements;
letter
shoshitsu suru disappear, vanish;
die away
shometsu suru become extinct,
disappear
0 spend, use up, consume; become spent out
shdhisuru consume, spend
shohisha consumer
shomosuru consume, exhaust, use
up
0 negative
shokyokuteki na negative
[kun]
[kieru	Vi be EXTiNGUiSHed, go [die]
out; disappear, vanish, melt away, wear out
[away]
kieta hi dead fire
kiesaru vanish, disappear
[kesu vt (put out a light or fire) extin-
guish, put out; switch off; (wipe out of exis-
tence) extinguish, eliminate, remove from,
obliterate
keshitomeru put out, extin-
guish
L ЗГД keshigomu eraser
Ь inkukeshi ink eraser
keshiin postmark, (postal) cancellation
mark
1X 0 torikesu cancel, nullify, annul
► ALCOHOLIC DRINK
SHU sake saka-
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] alcoholic
drink, wine, liquor, beer
0 sake, rice wine
a ЙЖ shuzo sake brewing; distilling
ЙЖ shuka wine shop, pub; heavy drinker
ЙЖ shuen banquet, drinking bout
inshu drinking (alcoholic drinks)
?¥Й yoshu foreign wine [liquors]
jozoshu brewage, liquor
b ^Й seishu (refined) sake
[kun]
[sake Й, saka- Й-J sake, rice wine; alco-
holic drink, wine, liquor, beer
4эЙ osake sake, rice wine; alcoholic drink,
wine, liquor, beer
ЙО/^ЖИ sakeguse да warui be a bad
drunk
Й&<^А sakenomi drinker
ЙЖ sakaya sake dealer, liquor store
ЙШ sakaba bar, barroom, pub, tavern
ЙЙ£ 0 sakamori drinking bout, merrymak-
ing
“|еГЙ amazake sweet rice wine
[SPECIAL READINGS]
omiki sacred wine [sake]; sake
0328
126
3-7 E
	► BATHE YOKU a(biru) a(biseru) Щ eki ami			
0329	7	Jdyd-4	S10-3-7	K4565
E1-3-7	85	C1244	@445	U6D74
7	7	7 [	Y 7^7	
1	2	3 7^ 10	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl				
О [original meaning] bathe
yokujo bath, bathhouse
yokuso bathtub
ZSSl yokushitsu bathroom
АЙ£А"%> nyuyokusuru bathe, take a bath
0 [suffix] bath, bathing
WzK?# kaisuiyoku sea bathing
0 nikkoyoku sunbath
reisuiyoku cold-water bath
[KUN]
[abiru	vi bathe, take a bath; be
bathed (in sunlight); be washed (by the
waves)
mizuabisuru bathe in cold wa-
ter
[abiseru	] vtpour (water) on;
subject to, shower (abuse) upon, deluge with
hinan о abiseru heap
abuse upon (a person)
[SPECIAL READINGS]
iSic yukata (=yokui) informal summer ki-
mono, yukata
В1-3-7
incorrect stroke-count
^see И1-3-8: Y at 0378
incorrect stroke-count
UJUL =>see U1-3-8:	at 0393
Б1-3-7
I	IS	I	A.	в	► IMPERIAL PALACE STEPS HEI							1
	0330				IS	Joyo-6	510-3-7			K4237		p
E1-3-7					170	C1490	®453			U965B		i
			3 IF		T	IFN	Г				F£	i
I к к 1	123456789 f ZOMPOUNDSI 1 [original meaning] imperial palace steps, steps leading to the imperial palace hall KA heika His [Her, Your] Majesty; [original meaning] at the palace steps АЖКА tenndheika His Majesty the Em- peror, His Imperial Majesty 4ОТЁ1 k'do not confuse with 1® floor =>0451 ►INSTITUTION											J iii '1' * '7 15 (i
	0331				IS	Jdyd-3	510-3-7			K1701		
В1-3-7					170	A0177	@454			U9662		
	7			; IP		’Fl	r	К	p	—	Fr	
123456789 Ki ICOMPOUNDSl О [also suffix] institution or organization, esp.: 0 medical institution: hospital, clinic, doctor's office 0 educational institution: academy, insti- tute, school a Kfi incho hospital director; academy presi- dent ЙК bydin hospital EEK iin clinic AKA'S nyuinsuru be hospitalized зЕК taiin discharge from a hospital St^sK ydroin institution for the aged b KA insei graduate student AK gakuin institute, academy MvuK kojiin orphanage												
127
0329-0331
ИЗ-7
1	daigakuin graduate school
biyoin beauty shop [parlor]
_ © [also suffix] legislative institution or body:
ц House, Diet, Congress, Parliament
innai inside the House [Diet]
t	join Upper House
f.	ВЙ1^ giin House, Diet Chamber
|WI^ rydin both Houses
J ёНЙК sangiin House of Councilors, Upper
III - House
ЖрЙК shugiin House of Representatives,
Lower House
ф © religious institution: monastery, (Buddhist)
temple
f jiin temple
shQddin monastery, convent
0332
El-3-7
► BATTLE FORMATION
► CAMP
JIN
Joyo	S10-3-7	К3156
B0834	®455	U9663
170
IF	Г	F	Fl	F	F	F
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO battle formation, battle array, troop
deployment, battle position, battlefield
© battle, war
a jinkei battle formation
jin'yo battle formation; members of a
group
ИЙТ jindate battle array
HIW enjin circular formation, circle
Ж1ФЖ nishijin'ori Nishijin brocade
b 7*с1Ш senjin advance guard, vanguard
0 army camp, encampment, position
РШ'Ж' jin'ei camp, quarters
jinchi encampment, position
Ъ taijin suru decamp, withdraw
Bra® ronjin о haru argue about, take
a firm stand
© [suffix] (group of persons performing a common
action) lineup, corps, camp, group
ЙхЖ® hddojin reportorial camp, press corps
^8® kyojujin professorate, faculty, group
of professors
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with РЖ set forth =>0396
► RID OF
JO JI nozo(ku)
к	Jdyd-6	S10-3-7	K2992
170	B0607	®456	U9664
0333
E1-3-7
© RID OF, dear away, remove, eliminate
jokyosuru rid of, remove, elimi-
nate
josetsusuru get rid of snow, re-
move snow
jogai exclusion, exception
%> kaijosuru remove [lift] (a ban),
cancel; release, acquit
soji cleaning
haijo exclusion, removal, elimination
sakujosuru delete, eliminate, can-
cel
kojo (tax) deduction, subtraction
[KUN]
[nozoku < ] rid of, remove; exclude,
omit
Ж 0 torinozoku get rid of, remove,
take away
Я®0	getsuydbiоnozoite ex-
cepting Mondays
0334
E1-3-7
► FALL IN
KAN ochii(ru) otoshii(reru)
	Joyo	510-3-7	K2057
170	C1261	®457	U9665
0332-0334
128
3-7 П
1
№..
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] fall in, cave in, collapse,
sink
ЙнйсА'Б kanbotsusuru sink, fall, cave in
ЙёА*<Г%) kannyusuru subside, fall [cave] in,
collapse
ЙёЙ?1Г-Б kanraku suru fall in, cave in; sur-
render
0 defect, fault
АЙН kekkan defect, fault, deficiency
[kun]
[ochiiru йё 3 ] vifall iNto, be led into, lapse
into; fall in, sink
Ш 0 АЙН 'Б ayamari ni ochiiru fall into error
А Йё 3 tsumini ochiiru slide into sin
А А Йё 3 ana ni ochiiru fall in a pit
[otoshiireru I®tl3] vtentrap, entice, lead
into
А^ЙёАЗ hito о otoshiireru entrap a per-
son
ЙЖ А ЙёЛЗ konnan ni otoshiireru put (a
person) in a fix
► DESCEND
KO o(riru) o(rosu) fu(ru) fu(ri)
О move from a higher to a lower place:
0 [original meaning] descend, fall, come
down, drop
0 descend from heaven: fall, come down
—said of atmospheric moisture such as rain
0 alight, get off
а ЖАА-?) kokasuru descend, fall, drop
?#Ж kakko descent (in skiing)
й-Ж'Т^Б shdkdsuru ascend and descend,
go up and down
{АЖ'З"^) chinkosuru precipitate, subside
b ЖЖ kou rainfall, rain
ЖтК kosui precipitation
Ж Ж kosetsu snowfall, snow
с ЖШТ%) koshasuru alight, get off, get
down
1ИЖ joko boarding and alighting, getting on
and off
0 surrender, submit to
Ж^А"kosan suru surrender, submit,
yield
Ж{£ kofuku surrender, submission
0 onward, afterward
А^Ж iko on and after, hereafter
[kun]
[oriru Ж 03]
0 (dismount) alight, get off, disembark
0 (come down from a high place) alight, land,
swoop
noriori boarding and alighting
b ЖА^'Ж О Ъ tobioriru jump off (a moving
vehicle), jump down
[orosu Ж set (a passenger) down,
discharge, unload
^^г^ЖЗТ jokyaku о orosu discharge
passengers
[furu Ж3 ] fall, come down, rain—said of
atmospheric moisture such as rain or snow
Ж bA furasu send (rain), shed
Ж О ffi^3 furikakaru fall upon, come in
one's way, impend upon
[furi Ж 0 ] fall, rainfall, snowfall
0 doshaburi pouring rain, down-
pour
=з Ж 6 yukifuri snowfall
IHOMOPHONESI
oriru T down =>2115
orosu
T down =>2115
WHOLESALE =>0971
П
t
J
Hl
I
4
129
0335
ИЗ-7
0336
Е1-3-7
► GENERAL OFFICER
SHO ® masa masashi masaru
yuki hata
Joyo-6	SI 0-3-7	K3013
B0670	®460	U5C06
ICOMPOUNDSl
ф O0 GENERAL officer, general, admiral,
commander; leader
’	© leading person, superior
a WW shdgun commander, general
y	shoko officer, commissioned officer
Wft shohei officers and men
[5	WW shokan general, admiral
л	rikushd lieutenant general, general offi-
cer
{|	taishd admiral, general; old chap
,	bushd commander, warlord
'	b shogi shogi, Japanese chess
НЕШ osho king (in shogi)
HiW shushd captain
josho (=okami) mistress, proprietress,
landlady
0 on the verge of, be about to happen
shorai future; in the future
	incorrect classification C =>seeE 1-2-8: { at 0080
£ 1-3-7	
	incorrect stroke-count =>seeE 1-3-8: $ at 0403
£1-3-7	
► SHOUT AT
KATSU
0337
El-3-8
□	Joyo	S11-3-8	K1969
30	D2006	®461	U559D
h |n |u In1	ius iqp
...12......3....4...5....6...7....8	9..
ICOMPOUNDSl
• shout at, roar, bark, bellow, bawl, bawl out
ИВЖ kassai applause, cheers
kappasuru shout someone down,
declare, pronounce
—ikkatsu thundering cry, roar
daikatsu suru shout in a thunder-
ous voice
РШ
► SING
SHO tona(eru) (D uta
0338	□	Jdyd-4	S11-3-8	K3007
£1-3-8	30	C1031	®462	U5531
( |г» Ip	]ni	[pTT |	ря рЯ|рВ ргэ	
1	2	3 ICOMPOUNDSl	1	4	5	6	7	8	9
О [original meaning] sing, chant
o' gassho chorus
dokushosuru sing solo
0 chant, recite, intone
showa suru chant [cheer] in chorus
ginshdsuru recite, chant
anshosuru recite from memory
ЙсРЦА-Ь eishosuru chant
sansho cheering (banzai) three times
0 advocate, preach
teishosuru advocate, propose
[KUN]
[tonaeru A <5 ] chant, recite, repeat; cry,
cheer; advocate, set forth, preach
^{A^PeIA<5 nenbutsu о tonaeru chant
[repeat] the name of Buddha
33 Wc Винсен Ashusenronо tonaeru ad-
vocate war
0336-0338
130
3-8 Д
► ONLY
YUI I Щ tadashi
0339	□	Joyo	S11-3-8	K4503
В1-3-8	30	C1432	®463	U552F
	V7	p.	r	4	pf		
........1.................2................3	4	5	6	7	8	9
0341
В1-3-8
► BOUNDED AREA
IKI
±	Jdyd-6	S11-3-8	K1672
32	A0415	®465	U57DF
' + * rr	>7	>>		
ICOMPOUNDSl
• only, sole, one and only
Pft—*0 yuiitsu no the only, the sole
yuiitsu-munino the one and
only, unique
yuishinron idealism, spiritualism
yuibishugi aestheticism
yuibutsushugi materialism
0340
E1-3-8
► CULTIVATE
BAI tsuchika(u)
±	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3961
32	C1460	®464	U57F9
123456789
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] (work the earth to grow vege-
tation) cultivate, raise, grow
saibai cultivation, raising, growing
[kun]
[tsuchikau О ] raise, grow; cultivate,
foster
in	7Ё ikyd ni tsuchikawareta
hana flower grown in a foreign land
IB S1C? & in 5 aikokushin о tsuchikau fos-
ter a patriotic spirit
ICOMPOUNDSl
0
i
Hi
Ф
5
[also suffix]
0 bounded area, region, limits, zone, district
0 (scope of something) area, range
а	ikinaino within the area
chiiki region, area
/KM suiiki water area, waters
kuiki zone, area; limits
kaiiki sea area
zen'iki the whole area, entire region
b ffiS seiiki holy [sacred] precincts, sanctuary
ffi® rydiki territory, domain, sphere, prov-
ince; math domain
0342
В1-3-8
1
t
'7
1
15
{I
-f
J
► DITCH
hori
±	Joyo	S11-3-8	K4357
32	C1084	®467	U5800
-...|+.......
|kun|
[hori %]
О DITCH, canal
horikawa canal
4S1N 0 horiwari canal, ditch
Д/кШ yosuibori irrigation ditch
Й 0 Ж tsuribori fishing pond, fishpond
0 moat
iffl® horibata edgeof the moat
sotobori outer moat
131
0339-0342
D 3-8
1 .	----------------------
IHOMOPHONESI
hori Жх =>®792
[NOTE]
P ★do not confuse with ЙЕ DIG =>0364
i
$
111
Ф
3
J
'7
P
1
® 0343	► ADULT WOMAN FU			
	к	Jdyb-5	S11-3-8	K4156
El-3-8	38	B0586	®469	U5A66
a kon'in marriage, matrimony
®?L konrei wedding ceremony
kon'yaku engagement, betrothal
йз® kekkon marriage
>j<® куй ко n proposal of marriage
W® saikon remarriage, second marriage
St® rikon divorce
St®O shinkonno newly wedded
b ®{Ц kongi wedding ceremony
^£® kinkon golden wedding
Й^Й® kinshinkon consanguineous mar-
riage
123456789
O?
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 adult woman, woman, lady
0 [original meaning] married woman, wife,
housewife
a fujin woman, lady, female
fukei policewoman
fujo woman, the fair sex
Й® rafu nude woman
b Hs® shufu housewife
^® fufu husband and wife, married couple
St® shinpu bride
0 [also suffix] woman worker, working [career]
woman
®x® shdfu prostitute, harlot
WOi® kangofu nurse
JSI^® sdjifu charwoman, cleaning woman
Г rrt ►MARRY 5© K0N			
0344	# El-3-8	38	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2607
	B0786	®470	U5A5A
(. 4 i VV -			
El-3-8
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-3-7: J at 0301
0345
E1-3-8
► PROMONTORY
saki
111	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2674
46	A0409	®472	U5D0E
0 PROMONTORY, cape
0 suffix after names of promontories or capes
a 'J'H lW susaki sandbar
b WSfllW omaezaki CapeOmaezaki
IHOMOPHONESI
saki =>®466
0346
В1-3-8
► LOFTY
RYO
111	Names	S11-3-8	K5437
46	D9999	®472.5	U5D1A
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	1
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 MARRY, wed
0 [original meaning] marriage, wedding
0343-0346
132
3-8
► NOTEBOOK
CHO
0347	Ф	Joyd-3	S11-3-8	K3602
К1-3-8	50	C1506	®473	U5E33
I I'n|fif I f г if r p if&if^
..1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
w
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] notebook, book, register, ac-
count book, album
chomen notebook, account book, regis-
ter
Й1Я1 chobo account book, ledger, register
®йх chojiri balance of accounts
И techo pocketbook, memo
S nikkicho diary
tsuchd bankbook, passbook
© [original meaning] drapery, drop curtain,
curtain
kichomenna exact, precise,
punctual
ЖГИ doncho thick curtain, drop curtain
[SPECIAL READINGS]
kaya mosquito net
[COMPOUNDS!
О (open to the full extent) spread (out), extend
(over), stretch
ЗЙЗЙ kakucho expansion, extension, en-
largement
ЖЗЙ bocho expansion, swelling; growth, in-
crease
1ФЗЙ shincho expansion, elongation
НдЗй'Т'?) shutchbsuru travel on official
business
© [original meaning] strain, stretch, be tense,
tighten
ЗЙЛ choryoku tension, tensile strength
§^3й kinchd tension, strain
© insist, persist
^Зй"?~shucho suru insist on, assert, main-
tain
W3fi kochd exaggeration, overstatement,
magnification
0 unclassified compounds
ЗЙФА chohonnin originator, perpetrator
[KUN]
[haru Зй-Ь]
О (open to the full extent) spread (out), extend
over, stretch
$I3fi V nawabari roping off; one's sphere of
influence, one's territory
Ж^Зй-?) tsubasa о haru spread the wings
©0 strain, stretch, tighten
© be stretched [tightened], become taut
0 be under strain, be tense, be anxious; be
enthusiastic
а Зй 0 hari tension; will power, pluck
hipparu pull, draw; drag
Ж Зй Ъ ito о haru stretch a string
b Зй 0 harisakeru burst (open), break,
split
?L ДЧй Ъ Chichi да haru The breasts swell
О Зй Ъ tsupparu become taut; thrust
(one's opponent); stick to (one's opinion),
insist on; slang be delinquent
Я^'ЗЙЗ ki да haru feel nervous
с Зй 0 haritsumeta high-strung, tense
Зй V W Ъ harikiru be in high spirits, be en-
thusiastic; stretch to the full
31£3й<5 kowabaru become stiff, stiffen
©0 stick, paste; apply to
© cover, line
а Зй ty {4 haritsukeru stick on, paste
b И* Jlz Зй -?) tairu о haru tile a floor
0 stick out, project
Зй 0 Hj'T haridasu project, jut out
Я3йо/1Ж kakubattakao squarish face
© keep watch, guard
Зй 0 ty harikomu look out for, ambush
133
0347-0348
Е 3-8
1 ------------------------------------------
1	miharu watch, guard
00 insist, persist
0 display, demonstrate
g олМЗй'Ь ganbaru persist, be tenacious, hold
И	out
i	ijioharu be obstinate
г Ь Й58 Ъ ibaru put on airs, be haughty; boast,
"	brag
(I	mie о haru show off
[-hari -3M0 ] counter for bows, stringed
1 instruments or paper lanterns
5	yumi mihari three bows
L-bari -5S0]
a О [suffix] fashion, manner
J11О ОлМЙ kawabatabari no
£	shosetsu novel written in imitation of
Kawabata's
* 0 [also suffix] covered with, lined with
5	0 kinubari lined with silk
[j [HOMOPHONES]
, haru Йх =><8)1510
I1 -bari lfix =>®1510
f ------------------------------------------
► STRONG
KYO GO tsuyo(i) tsuyo(maru)
tsuyo(meru) shi(iru) Щ tsuyoshi
tsutomu
0349
E1-3-8
	Jdyd-2	S11-3-8	K2215
57	A0134	®475	U5F37
O0 (having great strength) strong, powerful;
robust
0 (capable of enduring) strong, hard, solid,
tough
a kyoryokuna strong, powerful,
mighty
kyosha strong man
kyddaina mighty, powerful, strong
3®l®( kyoteki powerful enemy [rival]
kydkoku powerful country
goriki Herculean strength; mountain
carrier [guide]
kukkyona strong, sturdy, robust
kyosona robust, strong, vigorous
5Й1Е1 Zi kyoko na firm, stable, solid, strong
kyoko na firm (attitude), unbending;
drastic (measure)
5jt1WZ£ gojbna obstinate, headstrong
0 (of great intensity) strong, severe, intense
‘Kt® kyodo intensity; strength
ЙЖ kyofu strong [high] wind
kyoshin severe earthquake
kyoda heavy blow, slug; hitting (the
ball) hard
kyoretsuna intense, severe
0 strengthen, intensify
кубка strengthening, intensification,
buildup, reinforcement
kyoshinzai cardiotonic drug
kyochosuru emphasize, stress
zdkyosuru reinforce, augment
hokyosuru reinforce, strengthen
0 force, compel, coerce
kyoseisuru compel, force
kyoko forcing, enforcement
kyoyo coercion, extortion
goinna overbearing, coercive
goso direct petition
gokan rape
goto robbery
benkyo study; selling cheap
[KUN]
[tsuyoi V] strong, mighty, powerful;
robust; intense, violent, strong; hard, tough;
be strong (in); brave, stout
$ tsuyosa strength, power, tenacity
chikarazuyoi powerful, vigorous, re-
assuring
tsuyoki strong feeling [market]
nebarizuyoi tenacious, sticky; per-
sistent
tsuyomi one's strength, one's forte
tsuyoi kokoro stout heart [mind]
[tsuyomaru 5^ ^-6 J become strong, gain
strength
[tsuyomeru	strengthen, intensify;
emphasize; lay stress on; reinforce
go о tsuyomeru put stress on a
0349
134
word
[shiiru	force, compel, press
ЙНХ shiite against one's will, by force
murijii forcing, compulsion, coer-
cion
0350
И1-3-8
► PRACTICAL ART
JUTSU
h	Jdyd-5	S11-6-5	K2949
144	A0347	®476	U8853
23456789
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 PRACTICAL ART, technique, skill
0 technical art, technique, technology
a bijutsu art, fine arts
йЖ geijutsu art, the arts
ФЖ shujutsu surgical operation
Wcffi senjutsu tactics, strategy
kijutsu conjuring tricks, jugglery
HEffi ijuts и art of medicine
saiminjutsu hypnotism, mesmerism
ДЖ yoheijutsu tactics, strategy
ь ffilo jutsugo technical term, terminology
ЙЖ gijutsu technique, art, skill; technology
gakujutsu science, learning; arts and
sciences
0 magic, witchcraft
ЖЖ majutsu magic, sorcery, witchcraft
► ACQUIRE
► GAIN
TOKU e(ru) u(ru) [U nori
Jdyd-4	S11-3-8	K3832
A0227	®477	U5F97
0351
E1-3-8
3-8 [I
,	--------------------------------------- 1
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (obtain possession of) acquire, obtain, gain
kakutokusuru get, acquire, obtain
%) shutoku suru acquire, gain; pur- д
chase
00 (obtain as profit) gain, earn, profit
0 (something earned) gain, profit	£
а ЯИ#	shotoku	income, earnings	.
b	sontoku	advantage and disadvantage; w
loss and	gain	ф
ritoku profit, benefit, gain
Wf#	rydtoku	double gain	5
00 gain understanding of, comprehend,
realize	.4
0 gain one's end, attain one's goal, achieve '
satisfaction	f
а Ъ shutoku suru learn, master, ac- у
quire (an art)	’
taitokusuru realize, learn (from
experience), comprehend, master	«
nattoku assent, consent, understanding
b Ж tokui one's forte; pride; customer	jj
%) tokushin suru consent to, be con-
vinced of, be satisfied	>
Ъ settoku suru persuade
[INDEPENDENT!
[toku ft] gain, profit; advantage, benefit
tokuna profitable, advantageous, eco-
nomical
f# <5 toku ni naru bring profit, do (a
person) good
[tokusuru	profit, gain, benefit
[KUN]
[eru W3]
О acquire, get, gain, obtain, win
egatai hard to get, rare
JiLf# mie pose, posture
kachieru achieve, win,gain
kokoroeru know, understand, give
consent
0 can, be able to
yamu о enai unavoidable,
cannot be helped
...sezaruoenai cannot
help (doing)
[uru
О literary form of eru
135
0350-0351
D 3-8
*1 ------------------------------------------
uru tokoro да aru get bene-
fit from
© [verbal suffix] can, be able to
...shiuru can,beableto
H wotts ariuru possible, likely
t IHOMOPHONESI
£ eru Я CATCH GAME =>0537
mie
W	ЙА =>1615
i+j	=>1615
1	Uf =>1615,0351
5 -------------------------------------------
► MEDITATE
I YUI omo(nmiru) korev Щ tada
yoshi nobu
Names	S11-3-8	K1652
D2415	®481	U60DF
f 0352
В1-3-8
ICOMPOUNDSI
r © meditate, ponder, think
* ЖШ shii thinking, speculation
{l [KUN]
f [omonmiru Ж7и<&<5] reflect, meditate
< О bb	tsuratsura omonmiru
7	ni on careful reflection, I find that...
[kore [archaic] emphatic adverb
Benmeikore tsutometai
Well, I shall explain myself
IHOMOPHONESI
kore
те RIGHT =>1578
± POSSESSIVE PARTICLE =>2137
litX =>®823
	► EMOTION ► ACTUAL CONDITIONS JO SEI nasa(ke)			
0353	t	Joyd-5	S11-3-8	K3080
И1-3-8	61	A0262	®482	U60C5
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] emotion, feeling, senti-
ment, passion
ft® jocho emotion, feeling
ftS josd sentiment
$Sft gekijd violent emotion, passion
® ft kanjo feelings, emotion, sentiment
yujo friendship, fellowship
Йft hydjo expression, look
О sympathy, compassion, kindness
И ft dojo sympathy, compassion
Aft ninjo human feelings, humanity, sympa-
thy
© love, affection
Sft aijo love, affection
0 actual conditions, actual facts, real
circumstances
IWf? josei state of things, situation
ft$H joho information, intelligence, report,
news
ft'/Я jokyo conditions, circumstances
Ж ft jijo circumstances, conditions, situation
Ж1Ш jitsujo actual circumstances, real state of
affairs
© obstinacy
3&ftfc gojona obstinate, headstrong
[INDEPENDENT!
[jo ft]
0 emotion, feelings, sentiment, heart
© affection, love, passion, sexual desire
0 sympathy, compassion, kindness
0 faithfulness, good faith
Л<ЖИА jo no fukai hito kind hearted
person
b 9®ft oyanojd parental love
jo no komotta sympathetic,
warmhearted
[KUN]
[nasake ft ] sympathy, kindness, mercy;
love; taste
ft nasakebukai compassionate,
kindhearted
ftkf^H nasakenai unfeeling,cruel;pitiful,
wretched; shameful
ft^^S^tD^" nasake о kawasu have sex-
ual intercourse
0352-0353
136
► MISERABLE
► CRUEL
SAN ZAN miji(me)
0354 E1-3-8	-I- 61	Joyo	SI 1-3-8	K2720
		C1554	®483	U60E8
' / ,i	Г.Г.' 1	2	3	4	5			6	7	8	9	

ICOMPOUNDSl
О miserable, wretched, pitiable, tragic; terri-
ble, horrible, disastrous
sanji disaster, tragic incident, catastro-
phe
IHtR sanjd pitiful situation
sanka terrible disaster, crushing calam-
ity
sangeki tragedy, tragic event
W1®xZt<5 santantaru pitiable, wretched,
miserable, terrible, horrible
zanpai miserable defeat
hisanna miserable, wretched, tragic,
pitiable
seisan na ghastly, gruesome, lurid
© cruel, ruthless, atrocious
zansatsu suru murder cruelly,
slaughter, butcher
1t§S zankoku cruelty, atrocity, brutality
Й£1§/£ muzanna cruel, atrocious; pitiful,
tragic, miserable
[KUN]
[mijime
mijime na miserable, pitiable, tragic
Ш V * Ъ mijime na omoi о suru
feel miserable
0355
И1-3-8
► REGRET
SEKI o(shii) o(shimu)
-1- 61	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3243
	D1663	®484	U60DC
3-8 E
,..-..,.—............    ,...,....,..,....,	1
i 'I'	||'+-ф-И-<|dt 1
12	3	"4.5...6.....7.....8....9..
']WIW	~
I П : I tl	П
" io..ii...
ICOMPOUNDSl	j-
© regret, lament	r
ts SU sekibetsu parting regrets
sekihai regrettable defeat	ill
Ж1н aiseki lamentation, grief	ф
[KUN]
[oshii HaLV^J REGRETtable, disappointing;
precious, valuable; too good (for)	if
oshisa unwillingness to lose [part ф
with]
'l‘sLM^<\ oshigenaku unsparingly, gen- t
erously, lavishly
L И Sore wa oshii That's a pity! ’
/^'Ht L И Inochiga oshii Life is dear
S /ей? T ЪIZ ^Нз I/ И mada suteru ni wa rz
oshii still too good to throw away '
[oshimu Ha grudge, be sparing of; {l
regret; be reluctant; value	4
Ha < oshiminaku freely, without stint ,
'fs	oshimubeki regrettable, lamen- '
table	*
Ha Lt? jikan о oshimu value time
[SPECIAL READINGS]
□ Ha ЬИ kuyashii vexing, mortifying, re-
grettable
[HOMOPHONES]
kuyashii
fgLH =>0270
□ 1s =>2119
0356
E1-3-8
► MOURN
TO ita(mu)
t	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3773
61	D1660	®485	U60BC
5
137
0354-0356
Е 3-8
1	.---------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
* mourn, grieve, lament
f—,	tbji message of condolence
g	Ъ aitb suru condole, mourn, grieve
tsuitb mourning
* [KUN]
$ [itamu mourn, grieve over, be
[|| grieved at
shioitamu mourn over the death
ГЛ of
5 IHOMOPHONESI
itamu
Ж PAIN =>2065
1' Ж WOUND =>0118
ffii^ bybsha depiction, description; portrayal-
drawing
Й Ж bybshutsu depiction, description; por-
trayal; drawing
[kun]
[egaku iffi <]
О (represent in a picture) depict, draw, paint
aburae о egaku paint in oil
© (represent in words) depict, describe
ffi cS egakidasu delineate, depict, por-
tray
ЙИЙК omoiegaku imagine, figure, see
IHOMOPHONESI
egaku Ж picture =>03000
t r-J—
z jr^-
► SINCERE
TON JUN SHUN Ц] atsu atsushi
makoto sunao tsutomu
t	Names	SI 1-3-8	K3855
61	D2264	0486	U60C7
E1-3-8
{l ,_________,
ICOMPOUNDSl
' © [rare] sincere, honest, solid
tonkbna sincere and kindhearted,
, „	honest and simple
tonbokuna simple and honest
0358
В1-3-8
► DEPICT
BYO ega(ku)
	Joyo	S11-3-8	K4133
64	B0887	0488	U63CF
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (represent in a picture) depict,
draw, paint
Ъ bybgasuru draw a picture, paint
St® sobyo (rough) sketch
tenbyd sketch
jitsubutsu bybsha model drawing
© (represent in words) depict, describe
0359
El-3-8
► EXCLUDE
► DISCHARGE
HAI
i	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3951
64	C1065	0490	U6392
c t I fl fl fl У fll fll
12345	6	789
fsb
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] exclude, expel, reject,
drive out
© anti-
fl ЙЬ1^ haijo exclusion, removal, elimination
haisekisuru expel, reject, exclude,
ostracize
SbfttlMZi haitatekina exclusive, clannish
SbfttlHlK haitashugi exdusivism
b Sb В hainichi anti-Japanese
© (put out, esp. undesirable substances) dis-
charge, exhaust, drain, excrete
Sb Ж haishutsu discharge, exhaust, evacua-
tion
SbzK haisui drainage, draining; (of ships) dis-
placement
SbM haiki exhaust, used steam; exhaustion,
evacuation
SbM^/X haiki-gasu exhaust gas
SbS hainyb urination
0357-0359
138
3-8 E
0360
Е1-3-8
► CONFER
JU sazu(keru) sazu(karu)
t	Joyo-5	S11-3-8	K2888
64	A0457	®492	U6388
IcompoundsI
О confer, grant, award; give, hand over
juyosuru grant, give, confer
fx Jt jushb awarding a prize
SxS jusan providing with work, giving em-
ployment
juju giving and receiving
£x?L junyu breast-feeding
© teach, instruct, initiate
81 jugyd teaching, instruction; lesson
SMS kyoju teaching; professor
denju instruction, initiation
□ tx koju oral instruction
[KUN]
[sazukeru (^<5 J confer, grant, award;
give, hand over
£x gakui о sazukeru award a
degree
.. .no hiden о sazukeru
initiate into the secrets of
[sazukaru ] be gifted with, be
granted; be taught
shoosazukaru be awarded a
prize
^036^
El-3-8
► SET
► HANG
ka(keru) -ka(keru) ka(ke) -ka(ke)
-ga(ke) ka(karu) -ka(karu)
-ga(karu) ka(kari) -ga(kari)
kakari -gakari
	Joyo	511-3-8	K1961
64	C1003	0493	U639B
- i J t ? > >• # #
123456789
10	11
[kun]
[kakeru ЙНЙ<5]
O0 set, put on, put over, spread
Ф set against, put up against, fasten
G set on a scale, weigh
G (set on one's head or shoulders) wear, put on
а W^SR't-b кото о kakeru spread a mat
kakebuton covering quilt
ь ЮЙГ	yakan о kakeru put a kettle
on (the stove)
SRt Ъ hashigo о kakeru set a lad-
der up against
c nt 0	hakarinikakeru weigh on a
scale
d 01	megane о kakeru wear
glasses
S/3—shoru о kakeru put a
shawl on
© set one's body down, sit, sit down
kakegokochi feel of a chair
KSRt koshikake chair, seat, bench, stool
К £ SRt Ъ koshi о kakeru sit down
© pour, sprinkle
SW furikakeru sprinkle, spatter
Zk^SRt-b mizu о kakeru sprinkle water on
(something)
0 set going, set in motion, turn on, start,
operate; phone
hi о kakeru set fire
ftSRt shikake device, mechanism
eiS^SR't-b denwa о kakeru make a
phone call, telephone
0 SET before, present, pose
l=R3 SRt ome ni kakeru show to
someone, present
SrR^SR't'S butai ni kakeru put on stage
mochikakeru propose, offer (a
suggestion)
JRLitSRt misekake outward appearance
1
p
t
it
Ф
5
t
'7
I?
f
0 exert influence on, impose
meiwakuо kakeru impose
trouble
shinpaiо kakeru cause
139
0360-0361
Е 3-8
1 ---------------------------------------------
1	someone to worry
0 HANG/ hang up, suspend
kakemono hanging scroll
D	— Т>;£:йИ5'<Ь katen о kakeru hang
H	up a curtain
i 0 fasten onto, affix
x ffi'WWnf* kakedokei wall clock
310 йН5^) hikkakeru hang on, hook; throw
|[|	on; trap, cheat; have a drink
ф 0 fasten (one’s mind) upon
Ж ЙН 5 <5 kini kakeru have one's mind
5	upon, take to heart
Ф lock, close
tBW'sfe kakegane (window) latch
t	£ йН}' <5 jd о kakeru fasten a lock
J 0 speak, call out
>, Й1 & kakegoe shout to mark time, shout of
i	encouragement
kakeai dialogue, duet; bargaining
p	IS L ЙН	hanashikakeru call out to
P	someone, accost
{l © entrust someone to (a physician), put under
medical treatment
'	^.^3 (Z ЙН j*%) isha ni kakeru entrust to a
doctor (for treatment)
© spend (time or money)
окапе o kakeru spend
money (on something)
© multiply
kakezan multiplication
ЛШ H'-b— hachikakeru ni 2 times 8
[-kakeru
О [verbal suffix]
0 start doing, begin to do; be about to do
© perform an action partway
а хЁ 0 hashirikakeru start running
b	iikaketeyameru stop in
the middle of a sentence
0 emphatic verbal suffix, somewhat vague in
meaning, used to emphasize the action of
the doer upon the object, e.g., latch on to,
close in on, attach, etc.
дё ИйН^-Ь oikakeru chase, run after
mikakeru catch sight of
kokorogakeru bear in mind; try,
endeavor, intend
dekakeru go out, set off; be about
to go out
[kake 8Rt]
О noodles in broth
йНВэ <E7u kakeudon thick noodles in
broth
0 credit, installment
kake nisuru give credit
йЬ H" Ж H kakegai credit purchase
[-kake -Ш W*] [also suffix]
О rack, HANGer
boshikake hat rack
0 garment, cover
f—УЛ/йН^ teburukake tablecloth
ЖЙН^ katakake shawl
0 half-finished, in the process of
tabekake no banana
half-eaten banana
[ -gake -S' № J half-done, in the process of,
about to
ЙйН5"^ negakeni when half-asleep
!ffi 0 йН5^ kaerigake ni on the way home
[kakaru ЙФ'б]
О hang, be suspended
kabeni kakaru hang on the
wall
0 be set over, cover
Sokoni
futon да kakatte iru The quilt is spread
over there
fl ДЭД® (^йЬ/Р'О	Kiri да jimen ni
kakatte iru Fog covers the ground
0 splash
Watakushi
no zubon ni mizu да kakatta My trou-
sers were splashed with water
0 lean against
Ж 0 ЙЬ/Р-Ь yorikakaru lean against some-
thing
00 be caught, be trapped
© be caught (on one’s mind), weigh
а ЖГ (dS'ZP'S wana nikakaru caught in a
trap
0 ЙЬ/Р<Ь hikkakaru be caught, catch on;
get entangled; be trapped
b 'СЯЗЙЬ/Р-Ь kokoro ni kakaru weigh on
one’s mind
ЖйЬ/Р 0 kigakari anxiety, concern, worry
0361
140
0 set about, apply oneself to, be engaged in
tt Ж	shigoto ni kakaru get to
work
V й^<5 torikakaru commence, under-
take
©0 depend upon, hinge upon
0 involve, concern
a jffi ^й^^> Sekinin wa kare ni
kakaru Responsibility rests with him
kanegaaru
ka nai ka ni kakaru depend on whether
or not there is money
b Жй^ 0 tegakari something to rely on, clue
0 start, start operating, work
X >^ЙЙ^ Enjin ga kakaru The
engine starts
1®sT denwagakakatte
kuru get a phone call
0 require, cost; weigh
ВтгИЙ^ЙЙ^ jikan ga kakaru take time
0 vfe Й^Й^ £>	Amari капе да
kakaranai It doesn't cost very much
0 attack, fall upon
в^йМ osoikakaru assault, pounce
upon, sweep down on (a person)
Ж£ХЙЙ^<5 tobikakaru spring upon
[-kakaru -ЙД^] [verbal suffix]
О be on the verge of
shinikakaru be dying
© happen to (do something)
Й 0 й^Ъ torikakaru happen to pass by
[-gakaru -й^б]
О resemble
shibaigakatta theatrical, af-
fected, pompous
© tinged with
aiirogakatta kiji cloth
tinged with indigo
[kakari й/^0]
О expenses
Й^О^'ЙЙ££ Kakari ga kasamu Expenses
get heavy
0 scale, scope
^чй/^0/£ ogakarina large-scale, exten-
sive
[-gakari -ЙЛ^ D ] [suffix]
О combined, in a group of
3-8 E
НАШЙ'О’СзЖЛ' goningakaride 1
hakobu be carried by five people
©requiring (a period of time)
Ж й О Ю {± Ж sannengakari no
shigoto job requiring three years
[kakari Й1	j:
0 person in charge (of a post, esp. in a gov- a
ernment agency or railway company)
0 charge, duty, post	tfl
а ЙД kakaricho chief clerk	ф
ь Й0Л kakarino hito official in charge
[-gakari -Й1 [suffix] person in charge (of a	?
post, esp. in a government agency or railway
company)	,
ИИЬЙ shussatsugakari ticket agent
IHOMQPHONESI	t
kakeru
LAY ACROSS =>1638	*
Ж SUSPEND =>1855	3
=>®1605	[5
ffi DRIVE =>1185
Й SOAR =>0918	I1
каке ЙГ =><8)1605	f
kakaru
S SUSPEND =>1855	У
LAY ACROSS =>1638
Ш CONNECT =>0073
=>©2902
-ffix =><8>2619
kakari connect =>0073
-gakari connect =>0073
► PUT UP
KEI kaka(geru)
0362	1=	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2339
E1-3-8	64	B0884	®494	U63B2
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О put UP# display, hoist, raise
Ъ keiyo suru hoist, put up, fly (a flag)
ЛтК'ТЪ keijisuru put up a notice [bulletin]
© display in writing, mention, show
141
0362
Е 3-8
й®ТГ-?> keisai suru publish, insert, print
ЙЦЙ® zenkeino shown above, aforemen-
D
i
$
ill
Ф
5
tioned
[KUN]
[kakageru Ш If <5] put up, display, hoist,
raise; display in writing, mention, carry, pub-
lish
kokki о kakageru hoist the
national flag
ue ni kakageta hiyo the
expenses mentioned above
0363
E1-3-8
► HOLD BACK
KO hika(eru) hika(e)
J	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2521
64	C1008	@495	U63A7
5
|5
{i
ICOMPOUNDSI
О hold back part of something, deduct,
subtract
£r|££ kojo (tax) deduction, subtraction
0 accuse in court, charge, sue
kdso (intermediate) appeal
[kun]
[hikaeru frA3]
О (keep in check) hold back, keep
Ж ёс А Ъ uma о hikaeru hold back a
horse
0 be moderate, be sparing
JxAEIZX hikaemena modest, temperate,
reserved
0 be in waiting, wait
^lj 0 feHZ Jr A	betsu no ma ni hikaeru
wait in another room
[hikae Й-А]
О note, memo; counterfoil, stub
fr AH? ct hikaegaki notes, memo
0 fejr A torimonohikae detective's
memoirs
тЙЧХИг^ЁеА ryoshusho no hikae coun-
terfoil of a receipt
0 waiting; reserve, substitute, alternate
£гА0Гв1 hikae no ma antechamber, ante-
room
£гАЖ hikaeshitsu anteroom, waiting room
JrAiif^ hikaesenshu reserve, substitute
player
► DIG
KUTSU ho(ru) Ц) hori
E1-3-8
*	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2301
64	C1273	®496	U6398
i —	J		г	r			
2
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [original meaning] dig, excavate
© dig out, dig up, excavate
a	kussakusuru dig out, excavate
feffi saikutsu mining
shikutsu prospecting, trial digging
b %> kusshin suru excavate, tunnel
hakkutsusuru dig, excavate
[kun]
[horu ЙВ-6]
0 dig, bore, excavate
© dig up, dig out, unearth
а ffii 0 horikaesu turn up (the soil), tear
up (a road)
ffi 0 T WЪ horisageru dig down; investi-
gate, probe, delve into
b	rotenbori open-air [strip] mining
IHOMOPHONESI
horu CARVE =>1104
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with DITCH =^0342
0365
В1-3-8
► INSTALL
su(eru) su(waru)
t	Joyo	S11-3-8	К3188
64	C1509	@497	U636E
0363-0365
142
3-8
- t }
i" 23456789
Oi
10	11
[KUN]
[sueru	(set in position) install, place
in position, fix, mount, set up; set (a table); lay
(a foundation)
suetsukeru install, equip, fit
ЙЛИ gT sueoki leaving (a thing) as it
stands; deferred savings
suezen meal set before one;
women's advances
JnLJIiA'b misueru fix one's eyes, look hard
[suwaru be set
@ /0sЖЪоT megasuwatte with set eyes
Ъ о JPj hara no suwatta otoko
man with plenty of guts
IHOMQPHONESI
suwaru
Ж SEAT =>1989
=>®3547
0366
E1-3-8
► AFFIX A SEAL
NATSU DATSU NACHI NA o(su)
J	Names	S11-3-8	K3872
64	D2607	@497.5	U637A
ICOMPOUNDSl
• press heavily downwards; stamp
i^EPF-S natsuinsuru affix a seal, stamp
istiffliS shimon-dnatsu affixing one's fin-
gerprint
[KUN]
[osu AFFIX A SEAL, stamp
han о osu affix a seal
IHOMQPHONESI
OSU PUSH =>0234
0367	J	Jdyd-5	S11-3-8	K2646
El-3-8	64	B0643	®499	U63A1
tJiJI..	r	r	r	r		
rSW
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO [original meaning] pick, pluck, gather
© gather (something useful), collect, mine,
extract
a saishu picking, collecting, harvesting
bassai lumbering, lumber-felling, defor-
estation
b fete Ж saishu collecting, gathering
saikutsu mining
tX&Z saitan coal mining
&С-Й1 saiketsu blood collecting [gathering]
saisan (commercial) profit
saiten marking, grading, rating
sairokusuru transcribe, record
0 pick (out), select, adopt
saiyo adoption, acceptance; employ-
ment, appointment
IxiRF'S saitakusuru adopt, select
saiketsu ballot taking, vote, roll call
[KUN]
[toru
О gather, collect, extract (oil), produce (wine
out of grapes)
fee <5 sansai о toru gather edible
wild plants
x Wx^^>r7^ > £: fee <5 budd kara wain
о toru make wine from grapes
00 pick (out), choose, prefer
© adopt, take, engage
a S ty -hWЪ toriageru adopt, accept, listen
to
pj^^fee^ kahiotoru take the ayes and
noes
b $T^W ^fee-S shinsotsusha о toru engage
a new graduate
143
0366-0367
Е 3-8
1 ,
IHOMOPHONESI
toru
—,	1X	TAKE =>0847
n	ft	CATCH =>0315
ft EXECUTE =>1102
t	ffi	PHOTOGRAPH =>0514
$
III
Ф
3
t
t
7
5
P
► CONTACT
SETSU tsu(gu)
0368		Jdyd-5	S11-3-8	K3260
E1-3-8	64	B0590	®500	U63A5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О contact, touch, come in contact with
ЙсМ sesshoku contact, touch
Й£Й sesshu vaccination, inoculation
setten pointof contact, contact
sessen tangent
W seppun kiss
KB; rinsetsu contiguity, adjacency
0 (bring into contact) join, connect
йо' setsugo joining, union
setsuzoku connectionjoining
setchaku adhesion, gluing
© come close to, approach
Ъ sekkin suru approach, draw near,
come close
chokusetsu ni directly
0 receive (guests), welcome, meet
ScW'TЪ settaisuru receive (guests), wel-
come; offer, serve, entertain
®Sc mensetsu interview
iSSc osetsu reception
[INDEPENDENT!
[sessuru tST-5] come in contact, touch;
adjoin, be contiguous
[KUN]
[tsugu S< < ] join, piece together, set (a
broken bone), splice (ropes)
#Scg^ honetsugi bonesetting
IHOMOPHONESI
tsugu
Ж SUCCEED =>0919
NEXT =>0038
POUR =>®325
► DISCARD
SHA su(teru) d) sute
0369	7	Joyo-6	511-3-8	K2846
E1-3-8	64	C1117	<8)501	U6368
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 discard, reject, cast away
|X Jo shusha adoption or rejection, choice
Jin yosha adoption or rejection, choice
shishagonyu rounding (to the
nearest integer)
[KUN]
[suteru
0 discard, throw away, cast aside
© abandon, desert, discard, forsake, give up
a	gomisute dumping refuse; gar-
bage pit, dumping ground
b sutego foundling, abandoned child;
abandoning one's child
misuteru forsake,desert
IHOMOPHONESI
suteru Ж ABANDON =><8)2137
0370
E1-3-8
► AGILE
SHO JO dl katsu toshi haya
hayashi satoshi suguru kachi
chikashi masaru
7	Names	511-3-8	K3025
64	D2607	®501.5	U6377
ICOMPOUNDSl
О agile, nimble, quick, alert; shrewd, keen
Й&Й/Х binshona agile, nimble, quick;
shrewd, smart
0 [original meaning] victory
0368-0370
144
3-8 E
shohd report of a victory
	
0371 t Joyo	S11-3-8 K3328
Д1 -3-8	64 B0854	®502 U63AA
-J	It	Lir	Г Fltf |Ж
12	3	4	5 w IcompoundsI	6	7	8	9
О (put in the right position) dispose, place,
arrange
soteisuru suppose, assume
0 (deal with) dispose of, take steps, manage
Ж И sochi measure, step, action
► SWEEP
SO ha(ku)
0372	i	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3361
E1-3-8	64	C1494	®5O3	U6383
" t 1 1	2	3		rifl 4 5		Г IF It 6	7	8	9
10	11
IcompoundsI
• [original meaning] sweep, sweep away, brush,
clean up
soji cleaning
Ж1^Ш sojiki vacuum cleaner
tOtsdsha suru sweep with fire, mow
down
ЖЙ5 sokai mine sweeping
seiso cleaning
[KUN]
[haku sweep, brush, clean up
fficrHj'T hakidasu sweep out
Ж cf Ж Ъ hakiatsumeru sweep up to-
gether
IHOMOPHONESI
haku ®l] print =>®1273
Г/Л ► INFER
sui o(su)
0373 D1-3-8	64	Joyo-6	S11-3-8	K3168
		B0522	®504	U63A8
I:	it	It 1	2	3		f Itf	t 4	5		ИМ 6	7	8	9	
P
i
ii
111
Ф
5
-I'
'7
|5
(i
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
О infer, deduce, conjecture, surmise, guess
ЖЙ-Т^э suiteisuru presume, infer
ЖЖ suiri reasoning, inference
ЖЖ0 suisoku conjecture, supposition
Ж1КТТ suisatsusuru guess, conjecture,
infer, imagine
Ж fra suiron reasoning, inference, induction,
deduction
ЖЖ ruisui analogy
ЖЖ*3"<5 jasuisuru suspect without reason,
mistrust
0 recommend, propose, nominate
ЖЙВ'Т'?) suisensuru recommend, nominate
suikyosuru recommend, nominate
© propel, drive, push
ШТ%> suishin suru propel, drive; pro-
mote
ЖЛ suiryoku thrust, driving force
ЖЙ£Х'Т<?> suikosuru polish (a draft), refine
[KUN]
[OSU ЖТ]
О infer, deduce, conjecture, surmise, guess
Ж LT oshite by conjecture [deduction]
ЖЬЖ<5 oshihakaru conjecture, surmise,
guess
0 recommend, propose, nominate
^й^Ж'Т kaichoniosu recommend (a
person) for the post of president
IHOMOPHONESI
OSU
ff PUSH =>0234
J± PRESSURE =>®2970
Ш AFFIX A SEAL =>0366
145
0371-0373
Е 3-8
P
i
► PROBE
► SEARCH
TAN sagu(ru) saga(su)
0374 El-3-8	i 64		Jdyd-6		S11-3-8			K3521	
			B0932		®505			U63A2	
1:	I				7							
Ф
5
t
f
123456789
w
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 probe, search into, explore, inquire
0 SEARCH, look for
а tankyu quest, search, pursuit
tankyu investigation, search, inquiry
ScS tansa inquiry, investigation
Sc Я tansoku sounding, probing
Sc8S tanbo (private) inquiry
Sct& tanken exploration, expedition
b SS tansaku search, quest; inquiry, investi-
gation
$cS£ tanko prospecting
ScBSfl* tanshoto searchlight
[kun]
[saguru Sc & ] probe, search into, explore
saguri sounding, probing; probe, stylet;
spy
Sc Hj’3" saguridasu spy out
Sc V tesaguri groping
[sagasu ] search for (something de-
sired), search about, look for
Sc L ЕП & sagashimawaru search about for
I® Sc L shokusagashi job hunting
IHOMOPHONESI
sagasu S look for =>0318
► LIQUID
EKI
0375
В1-3-8
85
Joyo-5	S11-3-8	K1753
Cl 180	®511	U6DB2
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
0 [original meaning] liquid, fluid
0 solution
a Ж ft ekitai liquid, fluid
haieki waste fluid
.ЙНЙ ketsueki blood
nyueki milky lotion; latex
b yoeki solution, solvent
shodokueki antiseptic solution
[INDEPENDENT!
[eki Ж] liquid, fluid; juice, sap
ekioshiboru squeeze the juice
(from)
ICOMPOUNDSl
• OUTER LIMITS, end, bound
shdgai life, lifetime, career; for life
5^® tengai far-off land (as remote as the ho-
rizon)
0377
E1-3-8
► NOT GO SMOOTHLY
► ASTRINGENT
JU shibu shibu(i) shibu(ru)
'7	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2934
85	C1006	®513	U6E0B
				
г 7 7 7 i 7 f- |	(	777				
0374-0377
146
3-8 Д
[COMPOUNDS]
ф [original meaning] not go smoothly, make
poor progress
j® jutai delay, retardation, stagnation
§}х kuju distress, affliction
[KUN]
[shibu ix] astringent juice (of unripe
persimmons), persimmon tannin
'/x/2® shibugami tanned paper
chashibu tea incrustations
[shibui ixH]
О astringent, puckery, rough—said esp. ofthe
taste of unripe persimmons
shibugaki puckery persimmon
shibuisake rough wine
О glum, sullen, wry
^хИмМ^ЬТИ-'Е) shibui kao о shite iru
look sullen, be grim-faced
0 subdued, quiet, sober (color); refined, ele-
gant
shibui iro sober [quiet] color
ТхИ^Н^] shibui kimono tasteful dress
[shiburu ?x ] hang [hold] back, hesitate,
be reluctant
Sxix shibushibu reluctantly, grudgingly
ИГИЖ'Е) iishiburu be reluctant [unwilling]
to say
^FA^ix-Ь kotae о shiburu hesitate to an-
swer, be reluctant to answer
0378
El-3-8
► PUREHEARTED
JUN Ц] atsu atsushi kiyoshi aki
sunao kiyo ma koto
Names	S11-3-8	K2963
C1547	®514	U6DF3
[COMPOUNDS!
• purehearted, simple, innocent
junrydna simple and kind, innocent
junboku simplicity and honesty
► RUN DRY
► THIRST
KATSU kawa(ku)
	Joyo	511-3-8	K1973
85	D2162	®515	U6E07
г к к ki \/ и	СП /	СП /	CS /	7	>5	
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] run dry, dry up
®7K kassui water shortage
Й®'TЪ kokatsu suru dry up, run dry; be ।
exhausted, be depleted
© thirst, be thirsty; thirst
kikatsu hunger and thirst
[KUN]	?
[kawaku ®< JbeTHiRSTy,thirst	[J
® cf kawaki thirst	/.
< nodo ga kawaku be thirsty
[HOMOPHONES]	f
kawaku Il dry =>1101
kawaki II dry =>1101
Ж 0380 В1-3-8	► RAVINE KEI EJtani			
	7 85	Joyo	511-3-8	K2344
		D2080	®516	U6E13
i х	: X	= X	i X --	* : x	i	x	i x	i x	I x
				
i i к		\J		к	/ к к	
1	2	3 ж ж ICOMPOUNDSl	4	5	6	7	8	9
© [also suffix] ravine, valley
keikoku ravine, valley, canyon
ЖМ keikan ravine
ЖЖ sekkei snowy valley [ravine]
МРЖЖ yabakei Yabakei Valley
147
0378-0380
Е 3-8
Р
i
iii
Ф
5
► MIX
KON ma(jiru) -ma(jiri) ma(zaru)
ma(zeru)
0381	7	Jdyd-5	S11-3-8	K2614
D1-3-8	85	B0828	®519	U6DF7
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI

О (combine or cause to combine into an indistin-
guishable mass) mix, blend, mingle
I /fulfil konketsu mixed-blood, racial mixture
□“ kongd mixing, mixture
konsei-gassho mixed chorus
’	konbo mixed spinning
kon'yoku mixed bathing
I? 0 Mixed up, confused, disorderly, chaotic
konzatsu confusion, disorder, conges-
{l	tion
ZttSL konran disorder, confusion, chaos
'	® IrI kondd confusion; mixing
konmei confusion, bewilderment
iHiSE? konton chaos
[KUN]
[majiru Й1 13 <5 ] vibe blended, get Mixed
(with the constituents blending into each
other)
13 0 o' d majiriau be blended, be mixed
together
® 13 majirike a dash of (something),
impurity
[-majiri 13 0 ] [also suffix] mingling of
13 0 0® amemajiri noyuki snow
mingled with rain
Д 13 0 ffll < hanautamajiri de
hataraku work while humming a tune
[mazaru same as majiru ®13<5
mazarimono impurity
[mazeru
© (combine together into a single mass) blend,
mix, adulterate
0 mix by stirring, scramble, toss, churn
a Zttif o'mazeawasu mix together;
blend, compound
b	mazekaesu banter, make fun of
(what a person says)
kakimazeru mix by stirring,
mix up, scramble, toss, churn
IHOMOPHONESI
majiru ^intercourse =>1272
mazaru It intercourse =>1272
mazeru intercourse =>1272
RR	► COOL RYO suzu(shii) suzu(mu) Щ suzu			
0382 E1-3-8	7 85	Joyo	S11-3-8	K4635
		D1837	®521	U6DBC
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
© cool, refreshing
'/ЖЖ ryoki cool air
УЖШ rydfa cool breeze
rydmi coolness, cool
'?WSrZ£ seiryona cool, refreshing
[KUN]
[suzushii Sr L 0] cool, refreshing
SR L c£ suzushisa coolness
/ЖЬИЦ suzushii kao nonchalant
(unruffled) air
[suzumu Srtr] COOL oneself, enjoy the cool
breeze
Sr^ suzumi cooling oneself, enjoying the
cool air
Sr^o4 suzumidai bench
0383
El-3-8
► SETTLE
► RELIEVE
SAI su(mu) -zu(mi) -zumi
su(manai) su(masu) -su(masu)
su(maseru) Щ sumi wataru itsuki
'7	Joyo-6	S11-3-8	K2649
85	A0189	®522	U6E08
0381-0383
148
[compounds.
O0 settle accounts, pay back, clear
0 settle, conclude, finish
а ЖЙ1Г<5 hensaisuru repay, reimburse
^Й kessai settlement of accounts
^Й bensai repayment, payment, settlement
§ЖЙО kisaino paid up, already settled
b ^Й kansai full payment, liquidation
ЯИ misaino unsettled, unpaid, outstand-
ing; unfinished
0 relieve/ aid, save, redeem
ЙК saimin relieving the sufferings of the
people
ЙЕЙ keizai economy, economics
ЙЙЙ~<5 kyusaisuru relieve, help, save, de-
liver
ЙЙ kydsai mutual aid
[kun]
[sumu Й&] besETTLEd, end, be concluded;
do [manage] (without), get off (with)
Й^ sumi being settled
Ъ^Т^Й^ ikazunisumu need not go
ЮЙГСЙ*?! sukoshi no son de sumu
get off with a little loss
[zumi -Й<^/ -Й] [suffix] completed, fin-
ished, settle d, concluded
Х^АИЙУл shiharaizumi paid, settled
Л^ЙЙ<^ tenkenzumi inspection completed,
checked up
[sumanai Й^^Н] inexcusable, unpar-
donable
Sumimasen Excuse me/l am
sorry
[sumasu Й^Т] settle, finish, bring to a
conclusion, get through with; make shift,
manage (with), make (a thing) do [serve the
purpose]
ВЙл&^гЙ^Т kanjo о sumasu pay one's
bill
(±Ж^Й^Т shigoto о sumasu finish
one's work
^ЬТЙ^Й" nashi de sumasu do without
3-8 П
-------------:------------------------------- 1
[-sumasu -Йг£^"] [verbal suffix] perform an 1
action well [perfectly]
ЙС Й iT narisumasu successfully imper-
sonate
[sumaseru Й^’Й'^) J same as sumasu Йг£
Г
IHOMOPHONESI
-sumasu limpid =>0517
П
i
$
III
0384
C1-3-8
►clear
SEI SHO kiyo(i) kiyo(maru)
kiyo(meru) Щ kiyo kiyoshi sumi
suga
Jdyd-4	S11-3-8	K3222
B0585	®523	U6E05
1 уууУj 12	3	4	5	6	гЛ- 7 7	8	Ж 9
/ П У R.
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (of liquids) clear, unmixed
Й/К seisui pure [clear] water
ЙЖ seiryu clear [limpid] stream
Й1Й seishu (refined) sake
Й1Й kessei serum
00 (rid of impurities) clear/ clean
0 clear up, settle (a debt)
a ЙШ seiso cleaning
7*\®й^ rokkon-shojo purification of one's
self through detachment from the
senses
ь ЙЖ seisan settlement, liquidation; clearing
(off)
ЖЙ shukusei purge, purging, liquidation
00 (free from dirt or impurities) clean, pure, neat
0 (free from moral taint) clean, honest, pure,
honorable
а ЙЙ^ seiketsu cleanliness, neatness, purity
й^ seijo purity, cleanness
ЙИг seisho fair [clean] copy
Й$Ё/£ seijunna pure (and innocent)
ЙлеГ /£ seiso na neat and clean, tidy, trim
b Й'ЙО seidaku purity and impurity; good and
evil
ЙЖ seiren integrity, honesty, uprightness
149
0384
Е 3-8
seihin honest [honorable] poverty
seikydto Puritan
_ Ш]
P
i
III
Ф
'I'
'Z
15
fl
4
J
[kiyoi ЙИ] (free from dirt or impurities) dean,
pure, neat; (free from moral taint) clean, honest,
pure, honorable
Ь Z^Z£ kiyoraka na same as kiyoi Ж V *
0 Л kiyoi tsukikage clear moon, beau-
tiful moonlight
[kiyomaru	be purified, be cleansed
kokoro ga kiyomaru feel puri-
fied
[kiyomeru ]
0 (rid of dirt or impurities) cleanse, purify
© (rid of moral taint) purify, purge
a kiyome purification, ablution
ISPECIAL READINGS)
fWzK shimizu spring water
IHOMQPHONESI
kiyomeru CLEAN =>®382
► DEEP
SHIN fuka(i) -buka(i) fuka(maru)
fuka(meru) Щ fuka fukashi
0385	'7	Jdyd-3	S11-3-8	K3128
E1-3-8	85	B0529	®524	U6DF1
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (extending downward)
DEEP
© (extending inward) deep, distant, inmost,
secluded
a shinkai deep sea
shinko deep plowing
^r|5 shinbu deep part, depth
SW® shinkokyu deep breathing
ь йкШ|Ш|^0 shinzan-уйкоки ni deep in the
mountains
shinsd secluded inner room
00 (difficult to fathom) deep, profound, unfath-
omable, innermost
© (of great intensity) deep, intense, extreme,
profound
0 [also prefix] DEEP-colored, dark
0 in the deep [dead] of night, late at night
а ЗсЖ shin'en profundity, depth
shin'd esoteric doctrines, mysteries,
depth
b $c^lJZ£ shinkokuna serious, grave, keen,
poignant
shinsha deep gratitude, sincere apology
с shinryoku dark [deep] green
fe shinkoshoku deep crimson, scarlet
d ЙЖ shin'ya dead of night, midnight
shinko dead of night, midnight
[kun]
[fukai 3! V >] deep, inmost, distant; profound,
deep; intense, profound; deep-colored, dark;
close, intimate
8c $ fukasa depth; profundity
fukami depth, the deep; profundity
MS! И okubukai (=okufukai) deep, pro-
found; esoteric
8сИИв1Ж fukai kankei close connection
8c£^fe fukamidoriiro dark [deep] green
[-bukai -8c И ] [also suffix] deep, intense
t!8c0 nebukai deep-rooted, ingrained
kyomibukai of great interest
[fukamaru	v/DEEPen, become
deeper
Zt Akiga
fukamatte fuyu ninatta Autumn
deepened into winter
[fukameru 8c£)<5] vtDEEPen, heighten,
intensify, strengthen
rikai о fukameru cultivate a
better understanding
it
0386
В1-3-8
► STRAND
SHO nagisa
7	Names	511-3-8	K2977
85	D2428	®525	U6E1A
[kun]
[nagisa Й] strand, beach, waterside, shore
nagisazutai along the shore
0385-0386
150
3-8 К
[HOMOPHONES]
nagisa ?T strand =>0145
0387
В1-3-8
► HAVE RELATIONS WITH
SHO Ц] wataru watari
'7	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3036
85	B0555	®526	U6E09
IcompoundsI
	-	✓	г i	г f			7+	
0 have relations [connections] with, relate,
interrelate
shogai public relations
kosho negotiation, bargaining, discus-
sion
kansho interference, intervention
► GRACEFUL
SHUKU (Ц yoshi toshi hide sumi
0388
В1-3-8
7	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2942
85	D1866	®527	U6DD1
10	11
IcompoundsI
• (of women) graceful, gentle and kind,
refined, fair
shukutoku feminine grace, womanly
virtues
shukujo lady, gentlewoman
Ж Ж teishuku chastity, female virtue
0389
E1-3-8
► LIGHT
TAN awa(i) Щ awa awashi
7	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3524
85	C1500	®528	U6DE1
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
1
О [also prefix] LiGHT-colored, faint, pale
tanshoku light color
tansai light color
tankoshoku pink, rose pink
notan light and shade
0 indifferent, unconcerned, disinterested
tantantaru indifferent, uncon-
cerned
reitanna cool, indifferent
[KUN]
[awai 0 ] light (color, flavor), faint
awasa faintness, lightness
awayuki light snow
0390
E1-3-8
► ADD TO
TEN so(eru) so(u) И soe
Joyo	S11-3-8	K3726
C1315	®529	U6DFB
V /			г		
23456789
В
i
ill
Ф
5
t
'7
5
P
(i
ICOMPOUNDSI
О add to, append, affix, accompany
tenkasuru add, annex, append
tensaku correction
tenpusuru attach, append, annex
tensho accompanying letter
0 accompany, go along with, attend on
SUft tenjoin (escort) courier, tour conduc-
tor
[KUN]
[soeru	add to, attach to, accom-
pany
soemono addition, supplement; gar-
nishing
a!" soegaki postscript, additional
writing
151
0387-0390
J 3-8
1 -----:—:-----------------------------------
1	chikarazoe aid, help, assistance
tegami о soeru attach a let-
ter to
[sou □ ] accompany, go along with, stay
& with
i	tsukisoi attendance; attendant,
r	escort
IHOMOPHONESI
® SOU ALONG =>0243
Ф	:
yffcF incorrect stroke-count
5	=>see E1 -3-9: '7 at 0445
И1-3-8
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] wild boar, boar
If Й yacho wild boar
[kun]
[inoshishi ЙП wild boar; reckless fellow,
daredevil
inoshishimusha foolhardy warrior;
hotspur
[i [in compounds] wild boar
ikubi bull neck
IHOMOPHONESI
/ Ж THE BOAR =>1269
0391
El-3-8
► CAT
BYO neko
2	Joyo	511-3-8	K3913
94	D1696	®535	U732B
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] cat
bydgakudaino tochi nar-
row strip of land
3&ЖЖ aibydka cat lover
[kun]
[neko Jffi] [also suffix] cat; feline, catlike
nekoka cat family, Felidae
f*ffi koneko kitten
perushaneko Persian cat
nekoze stoop, bent back
nekonadegoe de in a soft
coaxing voice
0 nekokaburi hypocrisy, false modesty;
hypocrite, wolf in a lamb's skin
0392
В1-3-8
► WILD BOAR
CHO inoshishi i Ц] ino shishi
Names	511-3-8	K3586
D1760	®536	U732A
► FIERCE
MO Ц] take takeshi takeru
0393	5	Joyo	S11-3-8	K4452
D1-3-8	94	C1514	®537	U731B
7lii
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (having a ferocious nature)
fierce, violent, savage, ferocious
© [also prefix] (extremely severe) fierce, violent;
heavy, hard, intensive
а mdken fierce [ferocious] dog
moju fierce [savage] animal [beast]
domona fierce, ferocious
b moretsuna violent, vehement, fierce
mdzen to fiercely
SW modoku deadly poison
Im® mdbaku heavy bombing
ЙЙ mdshu fierce attack
morenshu hard training
[SPECIAL READINGS]
SlW- mosa stalwart; veteran
0391-0393
152
уУч/ ► HUNTING
Ж ,,s
0394	3	Joyo	S11-3-8	K4636
И1-3-8	94	D1936	®538	U731F
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] hunting, shooting
ryoki hunting season
Ж8Й ryoju hunting gun
ЖЛ rydken hound, hunting dog
^Ж shuryd hunting, hunt
^Ж kin гуд prohibition of shooting [hunting]
[INDEPENDENT!
[ryd Ж] hunting, shooting; game
Ж&ГЗ гуд о suru hunt, shoot
► ACCOMPANY A SUPERIOR
BAI
0395	15	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3970
E1-3-8	170	D1915	®539	U966A
				
’’ ? 1	Г	' H		
1	2.................3................4.................5................6................7................8................9
1Ш
ICOMPOUNDSl
• accompany A superior, perform an action
in the company of a superior, keep company
with a person of rank, attend upon
РпЙ» baiseki sitting with one's superior
Pni£ baishoku dining with a superior
РоШ baishin jury
Рд {tF baiji attending on the nobility; retainer
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with pB section =>1099
0396
E1-3-8

3-8 П
— 1
► SET FORTH
CHIN [£] nobu jin
I5	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3636
170	C1348	®540	U9673
ICOMPOUNDSl
О set forth, state, explain, declare
Pt'IW chinjo petition, appeal
PtlZETЪ chinjutsu suru state, set forth, de-
clare, expound
PtiU chinsha apology
И Pt Ъ kaichin suru state, express (one's
opinion)
0 [original meaning] lay out (for exhibit), put on
display, spread out
chinretsu suru exhibit, display
ffiPt shutchin submitting (something) to an
exhibition
© old, stale
Pt^Sfc chinpuna old-fashioned,trite,worn-
out
?Jf shinchintaisha metabolism; re-
newal, regeneration
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Pt ваше formation
=>0332
0397
E1-3-8
► SHADE
IN kage kage(ru)
|5 170	Joyo	S11-3-8	K1702
	C1411	®541	U9670
ICOMPOUNDSl
П
i
fi
№
5

-f
О SHADE
PSjfe£ in'ei shadow
ШРИ ryokuin shade of trees
153
0394-0397
Е 3-8
1 --------------------------------------------
0 gloomy, melancholy, dejected
IBM inki gloominess, cheerlessness
[BUT in'utsu gloominess, melancholy
P 1ВШ insan sadness and gloom
©0 negative
i © elec negative pole
£ а IBtt insei negative, dormant
b 1ВЖЖ indenki negative electricity
й Ш1
Ф [kage Ц]
3 О SHADE
x В IB hikage the shade
00 back side, reverse side
t © behind the scenes
+ а Я 0 IB	to no kage ni kakureru
’	hide behind a door
b IBT kage de behind one's back
x IB □ kageguchi backbiting
© [in the form of 43 IB okage] grace, favor
P 43|BT okage de indebtedness; favor; help
/| 43|BtM"C Okagesamade [polite] thanks to,
due to
f [kageru IB & J darken, beclouded
IB kageri shade; gloom
IHOMOPHONESI
kage
gx =>®2517
SHADOW =>1216
kageri =>02874
O0 danger, risk, hazard
© dangerous, risky, hazardous
a fcilBfe kikenna dangerous
{SIB hoken insurance
b 1ВЖ/£ ken'akuna dangerous, threatening,
serious
W IB bbken adventure, risk
St IB tanken exploration, expedition
0 steep, precipitous
IB8S kenro steep pass
IBIS kenso steepness, precipice
<IB^ shunkenna steep, precipitous
[KUN]
[kewashii IB Ь V>] (sharply inclined and difficult
to climb) steep, precipitous; craggy; severe,
grim, fierce, angry
1ВЬ$ kewashisa steepness; severity, grim-
ness
IB LHill kewashiiyama steep [craggy]
mountain
В LH® kewashii kao grim face
► LAND
RIKU IU kuga michi mutsu oku
0399 D1-3-8		К 170	Jdyd-4	S11-3-8	K4606
			B0731	0543	U9678
7 3	f iriri				
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9				
IWI					
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
© (solid ground of the earth, as distinguished from
the sea) land, shore
rikuchi land
|^± rikujo land, ground; shore; track and
field
rikkyo overland bridge
ЙЙ rikuhei land troops
l^iM- rikugan shore, land
rikugun army
rikujo jieitai Ground Self De-
fense Forces
tairiku continent
_E|£t joriku landing, disembarkation
chakuriku landing, alighting
[INDEPENDENT!
[riku Ш land, shore
I® fr riku о iku go by land, travel
0398-0399
154
3-8 []
overland
0400
В1-3-8
► IMPERIAL MAUSOLEUM
RYO misasagi
P	Joyo	S11-3-8	K4645
170	D1627	0544	U9675

ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] imperial mausoleum, imperial
tomb
I^M ryobo imperial tomb
goryo imperial mausoleum
fctsSPIt nintokuryd Mausoleum of Emperor
Nintoku
0 [original meaning] high mound, hillock
-ЕЁЙ куйгуд hill, hillock
[kun]
[misasagi Ш imperial mausoleum, impe-
rial tomb
► POTTERY
TO [U sue
0402	|5	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3811
В1-3-8	170	D1645	0546	U9676
v О -i7
123456789
IW
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О pottery, ceramics, earthenware
PWtfr tdki pottery, porcelain, chinaware
IWH togei ceramic art
tojiki porcelain, pottery, ceramics
PWZC toko potter, ceramist
0 contented, happy, entranced
tdsui intoxication; fascination, rapture
ЦГЙЬИ uttoshii gloomy,depressing;dull,
cloudy
[INDEPENDENT!
[to PWJ pottery, china, ceramics
РЙЮЛЯ^ tononingyo ceramic figurine
P
i
$
III
Ф
3
'I'
'7
*
I?
(i
f
► PROSPER
RYU Ц] taka takashi
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-3-9: [5 at 0450
0401 В1-3-8	f 170	Joyo	S11-3-8	K4620
		B0871	0545	U9686
		Г!		
	4	5	6	7	8	9			
10	11
[compounds!
О prosper, rise to prosperity, flourish
KHSZt-b ryuryutaru prosperous, thriving;
brawny
ryusei prosperity
PH ill ryuun prosperity, good fortune
Ю4 кбгуй prosperity, rise
© protuberant, elevated, bulging
PS® ryuki protuberance, elevation
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-3-9: P at 0454
w
E1-3-8
frjc
E1-3-8
0403
В1-3-8
incorrect classification
^see В1-2-9: ( at 0104
incorrect classification
=>see B2-7-4: at 1755
► HOMETOWN
KYO GO satoT Щ kb misato
[5	Jbyb-6	S11-3-8	K2231
163	C1186	0549	U90F7
155
0400-0403
Е 3-9
123456789
TfflWi
J ICOMPOUNDSl
. 0 hometown, homeland, native place, birth-
place
) 11 Я^Ж kydri one's old home, native place
j	kyddo one's birthplace
Я® kydshu homesickness, nostalgia
Ф ЙЯ$ kokyo hometown, birthplace
aikydshin love of one's hometown
IrJS^A dokyojin person from the same prov-
ince [town, village]
x, ИтЯ^ЖЪ kikyosuru go [come] home
IHOMQPHONESI
* SQtO Ж COUNTRYSIDE =>2206
О call, call to, summon
kanmon summons
shokansuru summon, cite, sub-
poena
0 [original meaning] call out, scream, shout,
yell
kansei shout, yell, scream, clamor
kydkan shout, cry, scream
0405
E1-3-9
► INGEST
KITSU
□ 30	Joyo	S12-3-9	K2142
	C1431	®551	U55AB
M \v
23456789
	0^7	
10	11	12		
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (introduce into one's body) ingest, eat, drink,
inhale, swallow
kissaten coffee shop, tea house
kitsuen smoking
mankitsusuru have enough, enjoy
fully
0406
E1-3-9
► MOUND
tsuka -zuka
±	Joyo	SI 2-3-9	K3645
32	B0815	®556	U585A
Ж Ж
[KUN]
[tsuka Йс, -zuka -ЙП mound, hillock, heap
№ £< tsuka о kizuku pile up a mound
КГЙс arizuka anthill
kaizuka shell heap, shell mound;
kitchen midden
~^Ж^ ichirizuka milepost, milestone
0407
В1-3-9
► FENCE
HEI
Joyo	S12-3-9	K4229
D2067	®557	U5840
-...+..f...
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] fence (for
screening), wall, board fence, enclosure
dtS dobei mud wall, plaster wall
itabei board fence, wooden wall
0404-0407
156
ЯГ SXW rengabei brick wall
VD'7^7^ burokkubei concrete (block)
wall
[INDEPENDENT!
[hei WJ fence (for screening), wall, board
fence, enclosure
6^ hei omegurasu surround with a
wall, fence in
0408
E1-3-9
► PLACE
JO ba
±	Jbyb-2	S12-3-9	K3076
32	A0044	®558	U5834
I- i+ з Ii’
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also suffix] place or chamber for specific
activity: place, hall, room, house; plant
0 stage, scene
а kaijo place of meeting, site
shikijd hall of ceremony, stateroom
kojo (=kdba) factory, plant, workshop
gekijb theater
nyujo entrance, admission
shutsujosuru take part, participate
shikenjo examination hall [room];
laboratory
b	tdjosuru come on stage; appear
0 [also suffix] place or open area for conducting
activities such as sports: ground(s), field, arena,
course
kyUjo baseball ground, ball park
senjo battlefield, front
undojb (undoba) playground, sports
field
gorufujo golf links, golf course
ЯййвШ keirinjo cycle racing track [course]
© market, exchange
shijo market, mart
jojosuru list (stocks)
[KUN]
[ba
3-9 E
------------------------------------------------ 1
О0 [also suffix] place, spot, site; ground
© space, room
а Ш0Т basho place, spot, site; space, room
Ш Ж V * bachigai wrong place; out of place ц
genba actual spot; job site, building site
shokuba placeof work, workshop
tachiba standpoint
sakaba bar, barroom, pub, tavern
asobiba playground	JH
ЙгЖШ teishaba station	j
sono ba de then and there; on the
spot, on that occasion	ffj
b Ш © Ъ ba о toru occupy much space ц
hiroba square, open space
© occasion, moment; situation
Ш'о baai occasion, situation, circumstances,
case
ЗЕШ natsuba summertime	Ф
0 theater scene	j:
ISifS bamen scene; situation
—nimakusanba Act 2, Scene 3	•
0 market, exchange; session; trading floor
ichiba market, marketplace	p
soba market price; estimation
0409
E1-3-9
► ENDURE
KAN ta(eru) tama(ru)*
±	Joyo	S12-3-9	K2014
32	D2140	®559	U582A
- + j; JT Jftt
[COMPOUNDS!
0 ENDURE, bear, tolerate
kanninsuru have patience, bear
with; forgive, pardon
[KUNl
[taeru
0 endure, bear, stand, tolerate
© bear (a burden), hold out, stand
а	taeshinobu endure, bear up,
tolerate, put up with
taegatai unbearable
157
0408-0409
Е 3-9
1 --------------------------------------------
1 ь ^5^ [^ЖЛ<5 fuko ni taeru bear up under
misfortune
жШ ЖV ikan ni taenai be really
regrettable
P [tamaru Ж & ] [usu. in negative constructions]
£ can(not) stand, be (un)able to put up with
, Ж5ЙН tamaranai cannot stand, be un-
bearable; cannot help (doing)
Jl| IHOMQPHONESI
j taeru ffi withstand =>0861
[NOTE]
ГР ★do not confuse with Mb check =>1162
Ф [also suffix] [original meaning] embankment,
dike, bank
йгЙ teibo bank, embankment, dike
tottei pier, breakwater
chikutei embankment, bank; building
an embankment
BjilPzE bdchotei tide embankment, seawall
ЙЙУЛ bohatei breakwater
[KUN]
[tsutsumi tn embankment, dike, bank
Щ < tsutsumi о kizuku build an em-
bankment
0411
E1-3-9
► TOWER
TO
32
Joyo	S12-3-9	K3767
D1755	®561	U5854
123456789
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
О TOWER
1ЛЖ tetto steel tower; pylon
TrUtli'n- terebito television tower
kanseito control tower
X'y VxJl/Ж efferutd Eiffel Tower
О pagoda
ЖЖй sotoba (=sotoba) wooden grave tab-
let; stupa, dagoba
{ДЖ butto pagoda, Buddhist pagoda
Ж ddtd temple buildings, temple
[INDEPENDENT!
[to Ж] tower; pagoda
ЕМ©Ж gojunotd five-storied pagoda
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж board =>0432
0412		Joyo	S12-3-9	K3962
E1-3-9	38	D1803	®564	U5A92
(..\...$...
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
• INTERMEDIATE, mediate, act as a
go-between; act as a medium
baikai mediation, intervention, inter-
mediation
ШЖ baishitsu medium
baitai medium
baisenzai mordant
МШ shokubai catalyst, catalyzer
ЖШ reibai (spiritualistic) medium
0410-0412
158
3-9 П
0413
И1-3-9
► DAMSEL
EN ON hime
lx	Names	S12-3-9	K4118
38	C1537	®565.5	U5A9B
ICOMPOUNDSl
• beautiful young lady
saien talented girl, accomplished
woman, girl with scholastic ability
[KUN]
[hime Ш
О elegantDAMSEL, beautiful young lady
О courtesy title after names of young ladies of
noble birth
tachibanahime name of a woman in a
Japanese myth
IHOMOPHONESI
hime ® daughter of noble birth =>0303
XI	► CLAUSE KO						1
0415	Ж	Joyo	S12-9-3		K2564		П
E1-3-9	181	B0978	®567		U9805		i
							
h т j	I~	'ХП	If	if if		if	fl
12	3	4 if if if 10	11	12		5	6	7	8	9	JU X
ICOMPOUNDSl							Ф
> [also suffix] clause, subsection, item, para-
graph
IB @ komoku clause, item, provision
jiko matters, facts; articles, items
bekkd separate paragraph, another	,
clause	1
yoko important points; gist	£
joko articles (and clauses), terms
daikyujd dainiko Section 9,	’
Subsection 2	X
► HEADGEAR
BO
►SON-IN-LAW
SEI muko
0414	£ Joyo	S12-3-9 K4427
El-3-9	38 D2121	®566	U5A7F
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] son-in-law
itiS josei son-in-law
[KUN]
[muko ЙПson-in-law; bridegroom, hus-
band
musumemuko son-in-law
mukoirisuru marry into the family
of one's bride
hanayome hanamuko bride and
groom
Ж
E1-3-9
incorrect classification
=>see B1-1-11: ) at0009
* [also suffix] [original meaning]headgear, hat,
cap
boshi cap, hat
ЙЖ bdshd badge on a cap
gakubo school cap
©И seibo regulation [school] cap
ЯЙМ datsubd taking off one's cap [hat]; sub-
mission
✓4]/—iff berebo beret (cap)
mubono hatless
Ш1 tozanbo climber's hat
159
0413-0416
В 3-9
rj © width, breadth, range
ФиЙ fukuin width [extent] of roads or ships
*1ФМ zofuku amplification
JSfe shinpuku amplitude (of vibration)
, lisfe zenpuku overall width, extreme breadth
1	(of a ship), wing span
f [KUN]
у [haba Фи] [also suffix] width, breadth, range
у Фй]дН habahiroi wide, broad
ФиМ^Х habatobi broad jump
P ^СФн dhaba ni sharply, by a large margin
лНФй kohaba single breadth, narrow range
ШФн yokohaba breadth
0418
E1-3-9
► PROJECTILE
► SPRING BACK
DAN hi(ku) -hi(ki) hazu(mu)
tama
	Joyo	S12-3-9	K3538
57	B0947	®572	U5F3E
,	„	?	5. r r g,
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] projectile, bullet, shell, missile,
(cannon) ball, bomb
ЙД dangan shot, bullet, shell
dan'yaku ammunition
ЙЖ danto warhead
dandodan ballistic missile
bakudan bomb
hodan cannonball, shell
judan bullet, shot
SW- sandan shot
jitsudan ball cartridge, live ammunition;
money
fuhatsudan unexploded shell
0 spring back (to the original shape), resile
5МЙ dansei elasticity, resilience
danryokusei elasticity, resilience;
flexibility, adaptability
© put down, suppress
dan'atsu oppression, suppression
0 [original meaning] play on (stringed instru-
ments)
rendan four-handed performance (on
the piano)
[KUN]
[hiku W < ] play on (stringed instruments)
hikite player, performer
бп 0 hikigatari reciting to one's own
accompaniment
ЛГ W-	tsumabiku pluck the strings (of a
guitar)
[-hiki [suffix] player
betdbenhiki Beetho-
ven player
/Vf	baiorinhiki violinist
[hazumu 3¥t?] spring back (from a sur-
face), bounce, rebound, bound; be animated,
be spurred on
hazumi spring, bound; momentum, im-
pulse, force; chance
kibun да hazumu cheer up
[tama 5¥] bullet, shot, shell
teppddama gunshot, bullet; lost
[truant] messenger; bull's-eye
IHOMOPHONESI
hiku
31 DRAW =>0133
RETREAT =><8)3094
=><8>2493
йх =><8>427
=><8)1662
tama
ЗЕ GEM =>2166
Й PEARL =>0643
ЙС BALL =>0658
0417-0418
160
3-9
► MUST
SU SHU m motomu
0419
U1-3-9
ж	Names	S12-9-3	K3160
181	C1291	®574	U9808
[COMPOUNDS!
• must, must have, absolutely necessary
shuyona absolutely necessary
hissuno indispensable, essential
ФВЖ hofuku retaliation, reprisal, revenge
0421
В1-3-9
► CITY QUARTER
GAI KAI machi Ш chimata
ft	Jdyd-4	S12-6-6	K1925
144	B0927	®576	U8857

0420
E1-3-9
► RETURN TO
FUKU
Jdyd-5	S12-3-9	K4192
A0494	®575	U5FA9
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 return to (a previous state or position),
be restored, revert, reinstate
© [original meaning] return to (a place), go
back
a fM?S fukkatsu revival, rebirth, resurrection
fMlH fukkyu restoration, recovery
fM® fukushoku reinstatement, resumption
of office
ЖтЕ fukugen restoration to original state
ИЖ kaifuku recovery, restoration; rehabilita-
tion
b	fukkisuru return, be restored,
revert
fukuro return trip
ftfM ofuku going and returning; round trip
© repeat, redo
fMW fukushu review
W fukushd recital, repetition, rehearsal
fukkokusuru republish, reissue
fM A fukubun retranslation (into the original
language); reply letter
RfM hanpuku repetition, reiteration
© revenge, take revenge
fukushu revenge, vengeance
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] city quarter(s), city center, busy
street, shopping center, downtown
gairo street, road, avenue
EfJHW birugai street of big business build-
ings
T|?W shigai the streets, city, town
suramugai slum quarters
hankagai business [shopping] quar-
ters; amusement quarters
shotengai shopping center
ФИЛШ chugokujingai Chinatown
ftjutakugai residential quarter
Wk^fij kanrakugai amusement center
[quarter]
© [original meaning] city street, thoroughfare,
crossroads
kaido thoroughfare, highway
ffiMI gaito street
fiftT gaitd street lamp
[KUN]
[machi WJ (busy) city quarter(s), city
streets
machinoonna streetwalker
® ft (=WTft) machikado street corner
ЙГтж machigi street clothes
®Afij shoninmachi business street
ftlrflj kitanomachi Kitano shopping center
IHOMQPHONESI
machi Bf TOWN =>0756
161
0419-0421
И 3-9
0422
С1-3-9
► GENERAL HONORIFIC TERM
GYO GO on- o-A mi-v
Joyo	S12-3-9	K2470
Cl 109	®577	U5FA1
$ Г '' | |^z
J f |	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
J p
ф ICOMPOUNDSl
I
'7
3
P
OO [also prefix] general honorific term for
conveying respect
0 general honorific prefix attached to
Sino-Japanese compounds to convey
humility
a WPffl goyo your order, your business
gohan boiled rice; meal
101?	gozonjino kata your acquain-
tance
ffll® gyoi your will, your pleasure
fflLWTxfe gochiso feast, treat
10ДЙЙ goseiko your success
10Ж^Й goryoshin your (honorable) parents
®P Й * gojishin yourself; himself, herself
Ь 10 Ж Л Ф L _h Goannai
mdshiagemasu I shall be pleased to
show you the way
WS® ВД L Gosetsumei itashimasu I
beg to explain
© handle (affairs), control, manage
©ВД’З"-?) seigyosuru control, govern, sup-
press
О resist, keep out, ward off
Й/10 IT'S bogyosuru defend, protect, safe-
guard
[KUN]
[on- 10-] honorific prefix for conveying a
greater degree of respect than o-
10 Д' onmi you [him]; your [his] honorable
body
10 Ф onchu Messrs.
[0- 10-]
0 general honorific prefix for conveying re-
spect or politeness
0 general honorific prefix for conveying hu-
mility
а 10Ж okao your (honorable) face
10 H Ш ohisama sun
10МЬ0Ж Outsukushii koto How nice!
103s otama ladle; egg
ь10^НШ^ТЖЬ{ф'510ЙН^Г Oai
dekite ureshd gozaimasu I'm delighted
to have the honor of seeing you
IHOMOPHONESI
О- П PHONETIC [a] =>0256
0423
D1-3-9
► CIRCULATE
JUN
Joyo	S12-3-9	K2959
D1762	®578	U5FAA
.
123456789
ЖЖ1Ж
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 CIRCULATE, go round
1Й58 junkan circulation, rotation; cycle
0424
E1-3-9
► LAZY
DA
Joyo	512-3-9	K3438
D2317	®579	U60F0
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] lazy, indolent, idle
1WM daki indolence, inactivity, laziness
damin indolence, idle slumber, inactiv-
'ty
,s3W taida laziness, idleness
0 inertia; force of habit
IWfti dasei inertia, momentum; force of habit
daryoku inertia, momentum; force of
habit
0422-0424
162
0425
Е1-3-9
► FLURRIED
Кб awa(teru) awa(tadashii)
t	Joyo	S12-3-9	K2518
61	D2031	®580	U614C
3-9 П
----------------------------------------------- 1
yuetsu joy	1
'Imife yushoku pleased look, cheerful expres-
sion
yuraku pleasure, joy
fuyukaina unpleasant, disagree-
able, cheerless	4-
ICOMPOUNDSl
* frightened
kyoko panic, scare, alarm
[KUN]
[awateru be flurried [fluttered],
be confused, be in a hurry
ffi“U< awatefutameku be all in a
flurry, hurry-scurry, act helter-skelter
1ЯТТ awatete in confusion, in hot haste
tMT^ awatemono flutterer, scatterbrain,
bustling fellow
^С'1ЯТ dawate total fluster, hot haste
[awatadashii Ж/сУсТИ] flurried, con-
fused; busy, bustling, hurried
L $ awatadashisa flurry, rush, rest-
lessness
awatadashii issho fleeting
life
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Jtl wild =>1447
0426
El-3-9
► PLEASED
YU
t 61	Joyo	S12-3-9	K4491
	D2026	®582	U6109
10	11	12
[compounds!
• [original meaning] pleased, delighted, happy,
cheerful, joyful
yukaina pleasant, delightful, joyful
► GRASP
AKU nigi(ru)
0427	7	Joyo	S12-3-9	K1614
El-3-9	64	C1079	®585	U63E1
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 grasp, seize, clasp, hold
0 seize (power), hold (the reins of govern-
ment)
a iHX akuryoku grasping power
ST akushu handshake, handshaking
ichiaku a handful (of sand)
b ffiSTX haakusuru grip, grasp; under-
stand, grasp
shoakusuru hold, seize, grasp,
command
[KUN]
[nigiru Й&]
О grasp, seize, clasp
SO nigiri grasp, grip; handle; hand-rolled
sushi
8 0 nigirishimeru squeeze, grip,
clasp
0 make hand-rolled sushi balls
S 0 Ж nigirimeshi rice ball
S 0 Ihx nigirizushi hand-rolled sushi
4oS0 onigiri rice ball
^Tl^SX sushi о nigiru make hand-
rolled sushi
$
Л1
J
Ф
5
?
'7
|5
163
0425-0427
Е 3-9
► AID
EN Ц) tasuku
0428
El-3-9
*	Joyo	S12-3-9	K1771
64	A0368	®586	U63F4
jj Ф [original meaning] aid, help out, give a hand,
give support
®Й en/o aid, assistance, help
Й1Ж engun relieving force, reinforcements
,	shien support, backing, aid
'	JSS den	aid, reinforcement; support; cheer-
£	zz in9
у	koen suru give support [backing]
5	kZjfl	k exchange
KAN ka(erU) 'ka(eru) ka(waru)
0429		Joyo	S12-3-9	K2025
E1-3-9	64	B0706	®587	U63DB
- f j
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
wl
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
• exchange, interchange, change, turn,
convert; take the place of, replace
ЖЖ kanki ventilation
Ж^Ф^) kankin suru cash (a check), turn
into money
ЖЖФ<5 kanzan suru convert, change, ex-
change
1<Ж henkan change, conversion, transfor-
mation
^Ж tenkan conversion, switchover, turn-
about
5ЖЙ gokansei interchangeability, com-
patibility
kokansuru exchange, interchange,
barter, substitute
[kun]
[kaeru Ж A exchange, interchange,
trade, barter, change (money), convert
Ж A kae rate of exchange
ФЗг т&(^ЖА<Б hon о капе nikaeru ex-
change a book for money
НЛ/^Р'ПЗЖА'Ь doru oennikaeru con-
vert dollars into yen
+ В ) HL Ж А Ъ jddorusatsu о kaeru
get change for a ten-dollar bill
Ф<ЬЙв1*^ЖА<5 hontotokeiоkaeru
swap a watch for a book
ijl сГЖА<Ь hikikaeru exchange, change,
convert
[-kaeru -Ж A<5] [verbal suffix] redo, renew,
change
Ш^Ж A <5 kakikaeru rewrite, renew (a bill),
transfer
0 Ж A§ tsukurikaeru remake, recon-
struct
Ж 0 ЖА<5 norikaeru change (trains), trans-
fer
[kawaru ЖЪ'б] be exchange^ become
interchanged, be converted, change
ЖЪ 0 kawari exchange
(ЗЖЪ<5 Danboruga
okane nikawaru Cardboard can be
traded in for money
IHOMOPHONESI,
kaeru
® REPLACE =>1780
ft SUBSTITUTE =^0018
CHANGE =>1311
kae
§ REPLACE =>1780
ft SUBSTITUTE =>0018
CHANGE =>1311
kawaru
# REPLACE =>1780
ft SUBSTITUTE =>0018
Й CHANGE =>1311
kawari
# REPLACE =>1780
ft SUBSTITUTE =>0018
CHANGE =>1311
0428-0429
164
3-9 E
► WIELD
KI
*	Jdyo-6	S12-3-9	K2088
64	C1005	®589	U63EE
0430
В1-3-9
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] wield, brandish, wave
shikisha conductor; commander
0 wield (one's power), display (one's abilities)
<5 hakki suru display, exhibit, dem-
onstrate
► PRESENT
TEI СНОЖ sa(geru) Щ tsutsumi
sage
	Jdyo-5	S12-3-9	K3683
64	A0305	®591	U63D0
0431
E1-3-9
О (bring before a person, as for consideration)
present, bring forward, offer, tender, pro-
pose
Hl Ж teian proposition, proposal, suggestion
teishutsu suru present, submit,
turn in
Я'й’З"teikyd suru offer, tender; sponsor
(a show)
teigen proposal, suggestion
tSzK'T'S teijisuru present, exhibit
ЙеЭт'З-*?) teisosuru present a case to (the
court), file an action
ИеЙ1 teigi proposition, proposal, motion
tuffi zentei premise, presupposition
© carry in hand
teikin violin
Ие£Г chochin paper lantern
© help each other
teikei cooperation, tie-up
[kun]
[sageru	carry in hand, take (a thing)
with (a person)	p
tesagebukuro handbag
IHOMOPHONESI
sageru T DOWN =>2115
ти'Ж У 'з tojosuru ooaro, get on a plane,
embark	|5
© load on board (a ship or vehicle)
ЖЙ'Т'?) tdsaisuru load, embark
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж tower =>0411
► RAISE HIGH
► EXALT
YO a(geru) -a(ge) a(garu) Щ aki
0433		Joyo	S12-3-9	K4540
E1-3-9	64	C1131	®593	U63DA
f rn'W
2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (cause to rise high) raise high, lift, hoist,
elevate, fly; rise, fly
© raise one's voice, declare in public
а ШЛ yoryoku lift, lifting power
keiyosuru hoist, put up, fly (a flag)
b Й1Ш yokuyd rising and falling (of tones),
intonation
165
0430-0433
Е 3-9
I --------------------------------------------------
00 (raise to a higher level of dignity) exalt, extol,
praise, enhance, uplift
0 (raise one's spirits) be EXALTed, be in high
p spirits
а $Г'ШТ<5 shoyosuru praise, admire, exalt,
f	extol
, п1]ШТ<5 kdyd suru exalt, enhance, uplift;
>	surge up
J11 b	ikiyoyo to exultantly, in exalted
spirits, proudly
[KUN]
Ф [ageru
c[ О (cause to rise high or float in the air) raise (a flag),
send up, hoist, lift, fly (a kite), shoot up
(fireworks)
Ж Ш T Ъ hata о ageru raise [hoist] a flag
г MXW takoage kite-flying
0 fry in deep fat
age fried bean curd
у Ш H agemono fried food, a fry
sakana о ageru fry fish
? [-age -ШН] [also suffix] fried food, fry
|5	shojin'age fried vegetables
• [agaru
О (rise high or float in the air) (of kites or flags) be
up, fly, be flying; (of fireworks) be shot up, be
setoff
Ж#ЯЛЙ^эТИ<5 Hatagaagatteiru The
flag is up
0 be fried, fry
[HOMOPHONES]
ageru
± UP =>2128
NOMINATE =>1588
-age _b UP =>2128
agaru
_t UP =>2128
NOMINATE =>1588
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ш WILLOW =>0699
0434
El-3-9
► SHAKE
YO yu(reru) yu(ru) yu(ragu)
yu(rugu) yu(suru) yu(saburu)
yu(suburu)
	Joyo	S12-3-9	K4541
64	C1091	®594	U63FA
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] shake, sway, rock
ffii|x yoran cradle
®]fe doyd shaking, trembling; restlessness,
uneasiness, disquiet
[kun]
[yureru Stl-6] shake, sway, vibrate, rock,
swing
fetl yure shaking, vibration, tremor
< yureugoku rock; sway, vacillate
[yuru S3] jolt, jog, be rocked
fe 0 <Z1T yuriokosu shake up, wake by
shaking
S 0 flx yurikago swinging cot, cradle
АЛ (3 fe 6 basu niyurareru be jolted
along in a bus
[yuragu S в <] vi swing, sway, shake,
fluctuate
S в yurameku flicker, quiver, waver,
sway
6 < kesshin ga yuragu one's
resolution wavers
[yurugu S -5 <"] shake, waver
S3^®H yuruginai firm, solid, steady
S3/^T yurugasu shake, swing, sway,
shock
[yusuru ST3] shake, rock,joggle, swing,
roll
if 5.ST 0 binboyusuri nervous shaking of
the body
[yusaburu S£vS>3 ] shake, jolt,jerk
S $ Ю yusaburi shaking; shaking up
(one's adversary)
[yusuburu STЛ>3 ] shake, swing, joggle,
0434
166
jolt
fe’t"ki о yusuburu shake a tree
(for fruit)
0435
В1-3-9
► GRACIOUS
AKU (U atsu atsushi
Names	512-3-9	K1615
D2207	0600	U6E25
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 gracious, cordial, benevolent
уйакипа gracious (words of the Em-
peror)
0436
E1-3-9
► DECREASE
GEN he(ru) he(rasu)
'7	Joyb-5	S12-3-9	K2426
85	A0228	®601	U6E1B
j' 7	r	'Г	r	ж	
123456789
IcompoundsI
O0 [original meaning] (grow or cause to grow less)
decrease, reduce, lessen
0 [also suffix] decrease, reduction, fall
а	genshosuru decrease, reduce,
lessen
genzei reduction oftaxes,taxcut
MSI gensoku speed reduction
MBH genpai reduction in a dividend; smaller
ration
genten demerit mark
Ь ЙУМ sakugen curtailment, reduction
1 0%M juppasentogen decrease of 10 per-
cent
© math subtract
tinM kagen addition and subtraction; degree,
extent; adjustment
[KUN]
[heru M^> ] v/decrease, diminish, lessen,
run low
M ty heri decrease, reduction, fall
3-9 E
ЯЮТЙС-6 haragaheru become hungry 1
[herasu M 6TJ vtdecrease, reduce, lessen,
shorten, cut
Й 0 M suriherasu wear away [out]; ex- g
haust
AM L hitoberashi reduction of personnel t
► NOURISH / W’Vz	Л ® sb's® sl''9eru			
0437	7	Joyo	S12-3-9	K2802
E1-3-9	85	C1392	®602	U6ECB
p p	P	/' p' p? p^	
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 nourish, moisten
0 nourish ing, nutritious, delicious
а Ж it jiyo nourishment, nutrition
ЖЖ jiu beneficial rain
b ЖЙ^Ж^ jiminitomu delicious, nutri-
tious
Ж'Й^Я- jikydinryd tonic drink
$
Jll
J
Ф
5
-I'
I
'7
p
►WHIRLPOOL
KA uzu
0438	7	Joyo	512-3-9	K1718
E1-3-9	85	D1893	0603	U6E26
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] whirlpool, eddy
kamon whirlpool design
?|SS kasen spiral line
?1н|Ф kachu maelstrom, vortex, whirlpool
[KUN]
[uzu whirlpool, eddy, vortex
< uzumaku whirl, eddy, swirl
cf uzumaki eddy, whirlpool; coil
167
0435-0438
Е 3-9
► LAKE
КО mizuumi Ц] umi
в 0439	7	Jdyb-3	S12-3-9	K2448
i E1-3-9	85	C1288	®604	U6E56
		|;+ '	/i^ yi^ yi y$ |	
j и		,	2	,	3	, 4 10	11	12 Ф ICOMPOUNDSl		5	6	7	8	9
tj 0 [also suffix] [original meaning] lake
0) suffix after names of lakes
а 7iS_h kojb on the lake
kohan lake shore, lakeside
, JiMJS kosho lakes and marshes
'	tansuiko freshwater lake
J b	biwako Lake Biwa
[KUN]
[mizuumi WJJlake
°	Й Ж 0Й0 hakucho no mizuumi Swan Lake
► PORT
KO minato
0440		Jdyd-3	S12-3-9	K2533
E1-3-9	85	A0499	®605	U6E2F
0 [also suffix] port, harbor
Ж/W kdwan harbors
'ЖП кдкд harbor entrance
iSW konai inside the harbor
ЖЙ1 kiko calling at a port
ЖЖ gyoko fishing port, fishery harbor
zr-'Ж кйкд airport
АЖ’1”'b nyukdsuru enter a port
boekiko trade port
[KUN]
[minato port, harbor
minatomachi port town
® ty minatomatsuri port festival
0441
В1-3-9
► FULL
MAN mi(chiru) mi(tsu) mi(tasu)
Ц] mitsuru ma
Jdyd-4	S12-3-9	K4394
B0558	®607	U6E80
O0 (filled to capacity) full
© (to the maximum extent) full
0 (complete) full, whole, entire, perfect
а ЙЖ man'in full to capacity
ЙЖ manrui full bases
ЙЙ^ manman no full of, brimming with
Й1МО manpuku no full, satiated
ЙШ manjo the whole house [assembly]
ВЕЙ LZz himan shita fat, obese, corpulent
Ь'ЙЯ mangetsu full moon
ЙИЙ mankai full bloom
ЙЙ manchd high tide, high water
ЙШ mansai full load
ткЙО mimanno less than
c Й^ manten full marks, perfect score
Й® manmen whole face
ЙЖ manza the whole assembly
00 [original meaning] fill, fill up, be filled
0 reach the full extent, expire
а ЙЙТЪ juman suru be full, be filled with,
overflow
^ЙЖ kinmanka man of wealth, millionaire
b ЙКВ manki expiration (of a term)
ЙТ manryo expiration, due
© satisfied
ЙлЕ: manzoku satisfaction, contentment
Й^ТЗ mankitsusuru have enough, enjoy
fully
'РЙ fuman dissatisfaction, discontent
ПЙ& enmanna perfect, harmonious, well-
rounded
0439-0441
168
[KUN]
[michiru
О be filled, be full of
Й'Ё’лЁ' О Ъ michitariru be content, have
enough, be happy
hikari ni michita sora sky
suffused with light
0 (reach the full extent) expire, mature
{J 1Я ДЭД %	Ninki ga michita One's term
of office has expired
[mitsu ТЙ'О] [in negative constructions] reach
the limit (in numbers)
.ni mitanai less than...
[mitasu
О fill (up), pack
zK	mizu о mitasu fill (a glass) with
water
0 fill, fulfill, satisfy, meet (the demand)
IM St hara о mitasu satisfy one's ap-
petite
jdken о mitasu answer the
requirement
[HOMOPHONES]
mitasu FILL =>®2014
0442
В1-3-9
► WARM
ON atata(ka) atata(kai)
atata(maru) atata(meru) [Ц atsu
haru yasu atsushi yutaka
'7	Jdyd-3	512-3-9	K1825
85	B0919	®608	U6E29
L	'1 ✓	'Г7 /	'R /	/			
/тгг/ттгг/jut
10	11	12
[COMPOUNDS!
О [also prefix] warm, hot, temperate
im®/£ ondanna warm, mild
'/пл.Ж onsen hotspring
—Jlz onsuipdru heated swimming
pool
im^ onshitsu greenhouse
imS ondo temperature
innftfe onwana (ofthe weather) mild, tem-
perate
3-9 |]
—'—----------------------------------------- 1
inn.iSl'fti onshippu hot compress	1
innHf ontai temperate zone
0 [also suffix] temperature, heat, WARMth
Minn. kion (atmospheric) temperature	ц
fi'/m teion low temperature
{Sim hoon keeping warm, heat insulation t
j®Z|Cim kaisuion seawater temperature
0 WARMhearted, kindly, gentle
'imW onwa na gentle, mild, genial	) । I
[kun]	J
[atataka	ф
atatakana imZ^Zi same as atatakai imZP'H
[atatakai	imlM^]	’
О warm (to the touch), lukewarm
atatakaigohan warm rice
0 heartwarming, warm (feeling or atmos-	.
phere)	।
atatakai kangei warmrecep-	J
tion
[atatamaru йп£<5]
О (of objects or persons) warm oneself, take 5
warmth, get warm, be heated	p
0 im Ъ nikkd ni atatamaru bask in
the sun, sun oneself
0 be heartwarming
'L'innS-Ь kokoroatatamaru heartwarming
[atatameru im<£><5] (raise the temperature of a
thing) warm, heat
□ — t inn %) kdhi о atatameru
warm up coffee
[HOMOPHONES]
atatakai Й warm =>0690
atatamaru ® warm =>0690
atatameru ЙИ warm =>0690
0443
E1-3-9
► DAMP
SHITSU shime(ru) shime(su)
Joyo	512-3-9	K2830
C1449	®609	U6E7F
85
' к к ki у|/	/	CF7 /	/	/1	
/'IP l/Jkl
169
0442-0443
Е 3-9
1 ,	---------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] damp, moist, wet, humid
, © DAMPness, moisture, humidity
P а shitchi damp ground, swamp
shippu wet compress
*	®Ж shikke (=shikki) moisture, dampness,
£	humidity
shitsudenchi wet cell
ЯI ь ®ЙЁ shitsudo humidity
J Й/® bdshitsu dampproofing, prevention of
moisture
fa |KUN]
5 [shimeru get damp, get wet
shimeri dampness, moisture, humidity;
rain
® 'O Zt shimetta damp, moist, wet
>|'	® О * shimeppoi damp, humid; gloomy,
depressing
t [shimesu ®T] damp, dampen, wet, mois-
ten
v 5^)1/taoru о shimesu dampen a
3	towel
|5 IHOMOPHONESI
* shimeru dye =>®2572
0444
E1-3-9
85
► MEASURE
► CONJECTURE
SOKU haka(ru)
Jdyd-5	S12-3-9	K3412
B0819	®610	U6E2C
:п ;П |;B |;P
Ж I» л
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] measure, gauge, survey,
fathom
0 observe
а	sokuteisuru measure, gauge
ЖЧЖ sokuryd measurement, surveying
sokushin sounding
b	sokkdjo weatherstation
tSiHO kansoku observation
tensoku astronomical observation
© conjecture, surmise, suppose, presume,
presuppose; expect; estimate
ЖЯ0 suisoku conjecture, supposition
yosoku estimate, forecast, prediction
WlO fusokuno unexpected, unforeseen
ISM okusoku conjecture, speculation, guess
[kun]
[hakaru Й1 -6 ] (measure the physical dimensions
of) measure gauge (length, depth, distance
or area)
hyoko о hakaru measure the
height of (a mountain)
[HOMOPHONES]
hakaru
Ж QUANTITY =>1598
St PLAN =>0965
Й DRAWING =>1951
Ш SCHEME =>1069
1Й CONSULT =>1070
► CROSS
TO wata(ru) -wata(ru) wata(su)
Ц] wata watari
0445	r	Joyo	S12-3-9	K3747
E1-3-9	85	A0435	®611	U6E21
7	7	i > -J— ] 7		
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] cross (a body of water),
ford, cross over, go overseas, go across
Й1Ж toko crossing, passage, voyage
ЙхЖ tobei going to America
ЙхМ toka wading [fording] a river
ЙхЖ torai importation, influx
0 go through (life), pass
katoki transitional period [stage]
[KUN]
[wataru Й* <5 J cross (a body of water), ford,
cross over, go across
Йх 0 watari passage, transit; migration; mu-
tual arrangement, negotiation
ЯЙ§ 0 tsunawatari tightrope walking
[walker]
[-wataru -Й1] [verbal suffix] reach all over,
0444-0445
170
spread, extend
harewataru clear up
shimiwataru penetrate, pervade,
spread
[watasu J carry across (a river); hand
over, deliver, transfer
Ж L watashi ferry (crossing); ferry(boat);
[also suffix] delivery
Ж L ЙЙ watashibune ferryboat
tewatasu hand over (to), give, deliver
?1 cT hikiwatasu deliver, turn over, sur-
render
IHOMOPHONESI
wataru Ж EXTEND OVER => 1232
► HOT WATER
to yu m yu
0446	'7	Jdyd-3	512-3-9	K3782
В1-3-9	85	C1284	®612	U6E6F
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] hot water, boiling water
kyuto hot water supply
WJJ netto boiling water
О hot bath, hot spring
tdji hot spring cure, taking healing baths
AiS nyuto taking a hot bath
sento public bath, bathhouse
[KUN]
[yu Ш
О HOT WATER
yuge steam, vapor
yunomi teacup
chanoyu tea ceremony
© hot bath, hot spring; bathhouse, public bath
yubune bathtub
'/Jalx yudono bathroom
yuya public bath house
	3-9	E
kBAY		1
Vy * f	WAN		
1 * <		
0447	'7 Joyo SI 2-3-9 K4749		П
Ш1-3-9	85 B0756	®613 U6E7E		i
P к P P’	P7r P^!r		h
I | [✓ууу у у	/	У
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	JU
		
7	\J J/3J		I
10	11	12		
ICOMPOUNDSl		Ф
0 [original meaning] bay, gulf, inlet		5
© suffix after names of bays and gulfs		
a □ wanko bay entrance		
Г$|А wannai inside the bay		%
kdwankyoku Port and Harbor		
Authority		
b	tdkydwan Tokyo Bay		
mekishikowan Gulf of Mexico		
[INDEPENDENT!		'7
[wan	bay, gulf, inlet		
► WELL UP
у | J I YU YO wa(ku) Щ waki isamu
0448	7	Names	512-3-9	K4515
El-3-9	85	D2172	®615	U6E67
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] well up, spring forth, gush
out
yushutsu welling, gushing
|KUN|
[waku ?i<]
O0 well UP, spring forth, gush out
© (of emotions or ideas) well up, gush out,
spring up, appear
a of /К wakimizu spring water
Й8 of tB Ъ wakideru well up, spring forth
Ь /Д	wakiagaru arise
IW < futte waku take place unex-
pectedly
0 (of insects) breed, be hatched
О A 6 V Zt bo fига да waita
Mosquito larvae have hatched
171
0446-0448
Е 3-9
IHOMOPHONESI
waku BOIL =>0244
П
i
Л1
0449
E1-3-9
► DELAY
YU naov
► FLOOR
► RANK
KAI [Ц shina hashi
0451	P	Jbyd-3	S12-3-9	K1912
£ 1-3-9	170	B0630	®624	U968E
Joyo	S12-3-9	K4517
C1479	®619	U7336
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
© delay, put off, postpone; waver, dally
,	Ъ уйуо suru postpone, delay, extend;
T	hesitate
£	shikkoyuyo stay of execution,
probation, suspended sentence
[HOMOPHONES]
5 nao Й STILL =>1422
0450
El-3-9
► NOOK
GU sumi Ц] kuma
p	Joyo	S12-3-9	K2289
170	D1698	®623	U9685
7	3 I	F	P' I	ri	ri	Psl		l-’Я
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
o© FLOOR, Story
© counter for FLOORS
a й|® chikai basement, cellar
4lrl® kakukai every floor
b HI® sangai third floor
О stairs, flight of stairs, steps, staircase
kaidan steps, flight of stairs
|®T kaika lower floor, downstairs
|®$£x kaitei step, ladder; stepping-stone;
guide
© rank, order, grade, class
|®8& kaikyu class, estate; rank, grade
l®H kaiso social stratum, class; tier
{i® ikai court rank
lx I® dankai grade, rank, step, stage
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with I® imperial palace steps
=>0330
123456789
IW
ICOMPOUNDSI
0452
В1-3-9
© [original meaning] nook, corner
ichigu corner, nook
[KUN]
[sumi В J nook, corner
BB sumizumi every nook and cranny
M*B katasumi corner, nook
B^GBS^ sumikara sumimade every
nook and cranny
► PARTY
TAI
p	Jdyd-4	S12-3-9	K3466
170	A0475	®625	U968A
IcompoundsI
О [also suffix] (organized group of people) party,
group, troop, company, band
taiin member of the group
ittai party (of mountaineers), company
0449-0452
172
3-Ю П
(of soldiers), gang, troop, squad
gakutai musical band
:М&|Ж demotai demonstrators
sosakutai search party
shin'eitai bodyguards; groupies
0 (organized group of troops) party, army unit,
corps, body of troops
1^5 taicho captain, leader, commander
1ЖЖ taikei battle formation, disposition of
troops
guntai army, troops
p[W butai unit, corps, party, squad
rentai regiment
chutai company, squadron
Й1Ж heitai soldier; troops
kantai squadron, fleet
jieitai Self Defense Forces
keikantai police force [squad]
betsuddtai detached party [column]
[INDEPENDENT!
[tai |^] party, company, corps
1^ tai о kumu form a party, line up
Fl
0453
E1-3-9
► SUN
YO hiT (Ц haru aki akira
P 170	Jbyd-3	SI 2-3-9	K4559
	B0998	®626	U967D
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 sun, sunlight
©suNny, bright
о yoko sunshine, sunlight, sun
PH® yoreki solar calendar
taiyo sun
rakuyd setting sun
Wl^ shun'yd spring sunshine
b 1У1Ж& yokina cheerful, bright, sunny
©0 positive
0 elec positive, positive pole
a Utt yosei positivity
yoga positive photographic print
ydshi proton
b 1У1Й yokyoku positive pole, anode
РЛЖМ yodenki positive electricity
[HOMOPHONES]
hi В DAY =>1915
1
0454
E1-3-9
П
±
$
III
► FOLLOW
ZUI
p 170	Joyo	SI 2-3-9	K3179
	C1471	®627	U968F
’ *F f ГММММ' *
1’2’3'	4.5.6	7	8.9	j|-
МММ	y
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl	3
О (go after) follow, attend (on), accompany [J
KfifTzuiko suru attend on, accompany, „
follow
ЙЛ. zuiin attendants, retinue
fuzuino accompanying, incidental
0 let (oneself) do (as one pleases), let things
take their natural course
zuihitsu essay; stray notes
zuii ni voluntarily, at will
zuiso occasional thoughts
zuibun extremely, considerably ("as
much as one pleases")
0455
В1-3-10
► SIGH
TAN nage(ku) nage(kawashii)
□	Joyo	S13-3-10	K3518
30	C1540	®630	U5606
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] sigh (in grief or despair),
grieve, lament
RMM tansoku sigh
tangan entreaty, appeal
hitan grief, sorrow, lamentation
173
0453-0455
Е 3-ю
1 ---------------------------------------------
1	gaitan deploring, regret
О sigh in admiration, exclaim, admire, praise
tansei sigh, lamentation; sigh of admira-
„	tion
IzKW eitan exclamation, admiration
i	santan praise, admiration
,	kydtan admiration, wonder
%) kantan suru admire, be struck
|[|	with admiration
[KUN]
[nageku ijt < ] sigh (in grief or despair),
I	grieve, lament
£ ШсГ nageki grief, lamentation
л	ВЦ сГЖI/nagekikanashimu grieve and
moan
[nagekawashii	lamentable,
deplorable, regrettable
nagekawashiijitai de-
P	plorable situation
IHOMOPHONESI
nageku =>®1869
nageki =>®1869
0456
El-3-10
► SALT
en shio
±	Jdyd-4	S13-3-10	KI 786
32л	C1118	®631	U5869
ЙйЖ shioaji salty taste, seasoning
shiokarai salty
ШЖ shiomizu salt water
[SPECIAL READINGS]
anbai seasoning, flavoring; taste, fla-
vor; condition, state
±® 0457	► LUMP KAI katamari			
	±	Joyo	S13-3-10	K1884
E1-3-10	32	D1939	®632	U584A
F	j+	J		F	IК	кН3	
12	3	4	5	6	7	8
УЙМ
10 11 12 13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 lump, mass; ingot; nugget
sfel® kinkai nugget, gold ingot
[KUN]
[katamari %]
О lump, mass, clod; ingot
Й10Й chi no katamari clot of blood
0 group, crowd, cluster
IHOMOPHONESI
katamari И solid =>1963
- + i у
123456789
4^x5-Pc? ;
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] salt
enbun salt, salinity
inl/K ensui saltwater
shokuen table salt
tennen'en natural salt
0 [also suffix] chlorine, chloride compound
ensan hydrochloric acid
enso chlorine
enka chloridation, salification
[KUN]
[shio JJlJsALT
0458
E1-3-10
► WED A MAN
► BRIDE
KA yome totsu(gu)
£	Joyo	S13-3-10	K1839
38	D1604	®635	U5AC1
ICOMPOUNDSl
О wed A man, marry into a family
koka marriage of an Imperial princess to
a subject
WW saika second marriage
0 impute, blame (someone else)
tenkasuru impute, lay the blame
0456-0458
174
3-ю П
on another
[KUN]
[yome
0 BRIDE, (young) wife
0 daughter-in-law
a Ъ yomeiru marry a man, wed
hanayome bride
aniyome sister-in-law, older brother's
wife
b	yomeibiri bullying a young wife
[totsugu Ш J wed, marry a man, get mar-
ried
totsugisaki family a woman has mar-
ried into
0459
E1-3-10
► DISLIKE
KEN GEN kira(u) kira(i) iya
	Joyo	S13-3-10	K2389
38	C1254	®636	U5ACC
123456789
10	11	12	13
IcompoundsI
• dislike, hate, detest
ken'o hatred, dislike, repugnance
kenki dislike, aversion
kigen mood, temper, disposition; health
[KUN]
[kirau io] dislike, have an aversion to
5C Ш □ kosai о kirau shun society
ВтЖЪ'Т tokoro kirawazu no matter where,
indiscriminately
ottonikirawareru lose one's
husband's love
[kirai ЙП]
0 dislike, aversion, antipathy
© [suffix] have a dislike for; person having a
dislike for something
а kirai na distasteful, disagreeable,
repugnant
Ж V kirai da dislike, do not like
ЯгЖИ kegirai prejudiced aversion
сГ H sukikirai likes and dislikes, taste
ame да kirai dislike rain
b	kuwazugirai prejudice against
(some food); aversion without even try-
ing
ningengirai misanthropist, man-
hater; misanthropy, dislike for mankind
[iya
iya na ЙЙ disagreeable, repulsive
iyagaru dislike, hate
iyanakimochi unpleasant feeling
iyakegasasu feel dislike for
Ж Ж iyaiya grudgingly, unwillingly; (of chil-
dren) shaking of the head in refusal
IHOMOPHONESI
iya
Жх =>(03017
S SAY NO =>®2406
1
0460
В1-3-10
П
i
i
й
t
it
7
15
► RUGGED
SA ZA SHI
111	Names	S13-3-10	K2623
46	D2221	0638.5	U5D6F
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [rare] (of mountains) rugged, uneven; steep
sagataru (of mountains) steep
and high
► SLIGHT
Bl kasu(ka)'
О [also prefix]
0 (of very small size) slight, minute, small,
tiny, microscopic, fine
© (of very small quantity) slight, very little
a	bisai na minute, fine; detailed, min-
ute; delicate, subtle
biseibutsu microorganism
175
0459-0461
Е 3-ю
1	biryushi (minute) particle, corpuscle
ffltilnlSI bichosei minute adjustment; fine tun-
ing
kenbikyd microscope
В b	bibitaru slight, small, insignificant
J SS biryo slight amount, extremely small
quantity
$	bisho minute quantity
fl 0 (of low intensity) slight, weak, faint
x	bisho smile
bishin slight earthquake
ф ЯА bi кд faint light
l	bijaku na feeble, weak; faint, slight
’	Ытуд na subtle, delicate
li [KUN]
у [kasuka
у kasuka na faint, weak; dim, vague;
Q scanty, slight
P	kasuka na emi faint smile
ЖЙ^ДЛ-6 kasuka nimieru be seen
dimly
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ш levy =>0485
► PRUDENT
SHIN tsutsushi(mu) Ц) chika
t	Joyo	813-3-10	K3121
61	B0961	®643	U614E
0463
E1-3-10
ICOMPOUNDSl
• prudent, discreet, careful
1ЖЖ shincho prudence, discretion, circum-
spection
ЯНЯ kinshin house arrest, domiciliary con-
finement; penitence
[kun]
[tsutsushimu ] be prudent, be dis-
creet, be careful
Ш tsutsushimi prudence, modesty, self-
control
tsutsushimibukai discreet, pru-
dent, modest
0462
В1-3-10
► DEPLORE
GAI
t	Joyo	813-3-10	K1920
61	D1882	0641	U6168
, ,f .p .p ,|.H	,|E ,|Г
Ff ₽‘K.............................
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 deplore, lament, regret, grieve
0 resent, be indignant, be angry
gaitansuru deplore, lament,
regret
gaizen to deploringly; indignantly
ЙЖ kangai deep [profound] emotion
оь1Жх'И kdgai patriotic lamentation, deplora-
tion; righteous indignation
b fungai resentment, indignation
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж general =>0717
IHOMQPHONESI
tsutsushimu И respectfully =>1077
ж 0464	► CARRY HAN			
	1	Joyo	813-3-10	K4034
И1-3-10	64	D1773	®647	U642C
i I I'l.HJl
# Г Й- Ж ‘
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] carry, transport, convey
йхзЁ han so conveyance
hanshutsusuru carryout
hannyusuru carry in
njftxxt kahanshiki portable
Ъ unpan suru carry, transport, con-
vey, deliver
0462-0464
176
3-ю П
0465
П1-3-1 о
► CARRY IN HAND
KEI tazusa(eru) tazusa(waru)
*	Joyo	S13-3-10	K2340
64	C1045	®648	U643A
'EEMI
ICOMPOUNDSl
12	13
О carry in hand, carry (along) on one’s
0 (obtain by force) squeeze, extort, exploit
a sakunyu milking
В^Й sakuyu oil expression [extraction]
EEB^T^ assakusuru press, compress
b	sakushu suru exploit, sweat,
squeeze (money out of a person)
[kun]
[shiboru B? <5 ] squeeze, press, squash,
extract
shibori squeezing
B£ 0 5±TOTlzzl-Л
shiboritate no orenji-jusu fresh orange
П
i
iii
person
keitaisuru carry, bring with one,
equip oneself with
T"-Ь keiko suru carry along, bring
Шпт А У У keitai kamera hand camera
i&tS hikkei indispensableness; handbook,
manual
0 join hands, work together, act in concert
teikeisuru cooperate with, act in
concert with, tie up with
renkei cooperation, league, concert
[kun]
[tazusaeru Ж А Ъ ] carry in one’s hand
t£x Ш А Ъ tsue о tazusaeru carry a stick
in one’s hand
? № AT te о tazusaete hand in hand
[tazusawaru BW^] participate in
kydikunitazusawaru
hitobito those who participate in edu-
cation
я
0466
E1-3-10
► SQUEEZE
SAKU shibo(ru)
J	Joyo	SI 3-3-10	K2681
64	D2162	®649	U643E
EOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] squeeze, extract, press
juice	J
IHOMOPHONESI
Shiboru STRANGLE =>0913
shibori STRANGLE =>0913	Y
► TAKE IN
► ACT AS REGENT	|5
SETSU Щ osamu
0467		Joyo	S13-3-10	K3261
E1-3-10	64	D1968	®650	U6442
- ojTrm*
123456789
MW
10	11	12	13
[COMPOUNDS!
О take in, ingest, absorb, assimilate
8Ж1Г-?) sesshusuru take (in), ingest, ab-
sorb
A □ 1J —О Жft karori no sesshuryo
caloric intake
0 act as regent, represent, act as deputy;
carry on in addition to
Ж Й sessho regency; regent
ЙМЖ sekkanke line of regents
0 centigrade
j^K;(='tK) sesshi(=seshi) centigrade
0468
В1-3-10
► LOSS
SON soko(nau) -soko(nau)
soko(neru) -soko(neru)
	Joyo-5	S13-3-10	K3427
64	B0866	®651	U640D
177
0465-0468
Е 3-10
0469
В1-3-10
► DESERT
► OBSCURE
BAKU m hiroshi
Joyo	S13-3-10	K3989
D1759	®655	U6F20
J ICOMPOUNDSI
b 00 LOSS
0 lose, suffer loss
fl a Bt^ sonshitsu loss
у, ЖЙ son'eki profit and loss; advantage and
disadvantage
Ф	zenson total loss
b Ж kesson deficit, deficiency; loss
0 disadvantage
it	sontoku advantage and disadvantage;
у	loss and gain
© damage, harm
?	BtW	songai damage, harm
[J	Ж®	sonsho damage, injury
к	hason damage, breakdown
§SxBt kison damage, injury, waste
[INDEPENDENT!
[son 0t] LOSS; damage; disadvantage
son ni naru do not pay
sonnajoken unfavorable condi-
tions
[sonsuru Жlose, suffer LOSS
[KUN]
[sokonau BtZ£ 9 ] harm, hurt, injure, dam-
age
ШЖ^В1/£д кепкб о sokonau lose one's
health
[-sokonau -Btfod ] [verbal suffix] fail to (do),
fail in (doing)
misokonau fail to see; make a mis-
take, misjudge
[sokoneru same as sokonau Ж/Х'Э
kigen оsokoneru offend,
displease, hurt (a person's) feelings
[-sokoneru -fllfa-6] same as -sokonau -Bt
Ж
incorrect stroke-count
=>see D1-4-10: it at 0724
E1-3-10
О DESERT
bakuhoku north of the Gobi Desert,
Outer Mongolia
sabaku desert
© obscure, vague
bakuzentaru obscure, vague, hazy
GEN minamoto Щ moto hajime
0470	'7	Joyb-6	S13-3-10	K2427
E1-3-10	85	B0755	®656	U6E90
0 [also suffix] source, origin, beginning, root
ЙКЖ gensen fountainhead, source
ЙЖ kongen root, origin, source
/ЁЖ kigen origin, beginning
ВсЖ gogen derivation of a word, etymology
ЙЙМ shigen resources
ДтГЙЖ zaigen revenue source, financial re-
sources
MJ® shingen earthquake [seismic] center
eiydgen source of nutrients
[kun]
[minamoto source, fountainhead,
origin
HO?® kawanominamoto fountainhead
Sono minamoto
wa akiraka de wa nai It is of obscure
0469-0470
178
3-10 E
origin
0471
В1-3-10
► CHINESE
► FELLOW
KAN
Joyo-3	S13-3-10	K2033
C1510	®657	U6F22
ICOMPOUNDSl
00 (of ancient China or its people) Chinese; old
name for China, ancient China
0 Han Dynasty (206 b.g-220 a.d.)
a Ж^Ь kando China
Ж^Ж капрдуаки Chinese (herbal) medi-
cine
kanminzoku Chinese people, Han
race
ь Ж®! kanchd Han Dynasty
HU Ж zenkan Former Han
00 Chinese (language), classical Chinese
0 kanji, Chinese character, logograph
a ЖВп kango Chinese-derived word, Chinese
expression
S&C kanbun Chinese classics, Chinese writ-
ing
Ж^ kanji Chinese characters, kanji
Ж пФ kanshi classical Chinese poetry [poem]
ьШЙЙД kanwajiten Chinese-Japanese
character dictionary
ЖЗ?8?Д kan'eijiten Japanese-English
character dictionary, kanji dictionary
ЖЖЖ#?^— tankan-sentakuki single
character selector button (in kanji word
processors)
© [also suffix] fellow, man
ЙРЖ kokan nice fellow
Й6Ж chikan molester of women, masher
Bjft-Ж nekketsukan hot-blooded man
ЛЙЖ taishokukan great eater, glutton
0472
El-3-10
► SLIDE
► SMOOTH
KATSU sube(ru) name(raka)
Ц] name nameri
85	Joyo	S13-3-10	K1974
	C1215	®658	U6ED1
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
1
О slide, glide, slip
kasso suru glide, volplane; slide
kakkuki glider, sailplane
тЖ kassha pulley, block, tackle
0 SMOOTH
katsuzai lubricant
FWfe enkatsuna smooth, harmonious
junkatsu lubrication
© speak smooth ly and glibly, crack jokes
kokkeina funny,jocular, humorous;
laughable, ridiculous
p
i
$
Hi
t
It
5
P
[KUN]
[suberu m&J
О slide, glide, skate
0 suberi sliding, slipping
mo o' suberidai (playground) slide; launch-
ing platform
ffim 0 yokosuberi skid, skidding
0 slip
m О Ъ suberiochiru slip off
□ Ъ kuchi ga suberu make a slip ofthe
tongue
© flunk an (entrance) examination
m 0 suberidome tire chains; creepers;
taking the entrance examination to a
university as a safety measure in case
one fails at other universities
[nameraka
namerakana	smooth, glassy
ioMZ namerakani smoothly
[HOMOPHONES]
suberu =^®3191
179
0471-0472
Е 3-10
► CHANNEL
КО mizo
ф [original meaning] channel, ditch, gutter,
canal, trench
ЛЖ sokkd channel, ditch, gutter
SEzKiW haisuiko waterway, drainage, canal
у Tzk® gesuiko ditch
3	kaiko sea trench
[KUN]
[mizo iW] channel, ditch, drain, gutter;
groove, slot
iSffi О Ш mizohoriki ditching machine
SU—Jlz mizoreru grooved rail
0474
E1-3-10
► DEEP AND VAST
КО О Ц] akira hiroshi hiro hikaru
Names	S13-3-10	K6270
D2906	@659.5	U6EC9
0475
В1-3-10
► DESTROY
METSU horo(biru) horo(bu)
horo(bosu)
Joyo	S13-3-10	K4439
Cl 258	®660	U6EC5
123456789
:jf%
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 destroy, ruin, annihilate, wipe out
0 meet with destruction, go to ruin, cease
to exist
a ЙсЙ§ mekkin sterilization
gekimetsu suru destroy, extermi-
nate
&ЁЙС zetsumetsu extermination, eradication;
extinction
b metsubd ruin, downfall
?ЙЙ< shometsu extinction, disappearance
^5Йс fumetsu immortality, indestructibility,
imperishability
^Йс zenmetsu annihilation, total destruction
ЯГК kaimetsu destruction, annihilation
^ЕЙс shimetsu extinction, annihilation, de-
struction
Й ЙС jimetsu natural decay; self-destruction,
self-ruin
®Йс hametsu ruin, destruction, wreck, col-
lapse, downfall
0 go out, be extinguished
tenmetsu suru (of light) go [come]
on and off; turn [switch] on and off
© unreasonable, excessive, reckless, extreme
Й^& mettana reckless, careless
ЙсЖе§гЖ(= Hmechakuchana
confused, incoherent; absurd, unreason-
able
ЙсЖЙ(Ж(= @ Ж @ Ж) mechamecha mess,
wreck, ruin, shambles
[KUN]
[horobiru	go to ruin, meet with
destruction, cease to exist
horobite iku minzoku dy-
ing race
[horobu	literary form of horobiru MCX
Ъ
[horobosu W£T] DESTROY, ruin, annihi-
late
Й^^ЙсЙ'Т teki о horobosu destroy the
enemy
IHOMOPHONESI
horobiru t DECEASE =>®3402
horobu t DECEASE =>®3402
horobosu t DECEASE =>®3402
0476
E1-3-10
► WATERFALL
taki
Joyo	S13-3-10	K3476
C1595	@661	U6EDD
0473-0476
180
3-10 П
[taki Ш] waterfall, falls, cascade
takitsubo pool below a waterfall
jigjll takigawa rapids
О [original meaning] stagnate, be at [in] a
standstill, be blocked up, be retarded, con-
gest
taika freight congestion; accumulation
of stocks
fefnr teitai stagnation, accumulation; arrear-
age
jOtai delay, retardation, stagnation
chintai stagnation, dullness
chitai delay, retardation
О fall into arrears, leave unpaid
taino nonpayment, delinquency (in
payment)
entai arrear, arrearage
© (remain in a given place) stay, remain, sojourn
taizai stay, sojourn
tairyu sojourn, stay
taibei staying in America
taid staying in Europe
taikO staying [remaining] in the air
[KUN]
[todokoru 6 ] stagnate, be left undone
Ж 0 todokori hitch, hindrance; arrearage
0478
U1-3-10
► DISSOLVE
► MELT
YO to(keru) to(kasu) to(ku)
'7	Joyo	513-3-10	K4547
85	C1477	®664	U6EB6
1
f . P P. P* P P' P P^
123456789
У^р^р^р^;
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (pass or cause to pass into solution) dissolve
ydkai dissolution, liquefaction; melting,
fusion
yoeki solution, solvent
yobai solvent
iSltll ydketsu hemolysis
zKiSttO suiydseino water soluble
© (change or cause to change from solid to liquid,
esp. by heat) melt
убуй melting, fusion
ydsetsu welding
уддап lava
yokoro smelting [blast] furnace
П
i
$
III
It
7
P
[kun]
[tokeru
О (pass into solution) dissolve
JfifcizK [31 d'-б Shio wa mizu ni tokeru
Salt dissolves in water
©0 (of metals) melt (up), fuse, smelt
© (esp. of snow or ice) melt, thaw
о	hi de tokeru melt in the fire
tokekomu melt into, fuse into
[tokasu
О (cause to pass into solution or to turn liquid)
dissolve, melt, liquefy
sato о mizu ni tokasu
dissolve sugar in water
© melt (up) (metals), fuse, smelt
tetsu о tokasu melt [fuse] iron
[toku ?§<] vt (cause to pass into solution)
dissolve (paint)
enogu о toku dissolve colors
IHOMOPHONESI
tokeru
181
0477-0478
П 3-ю
1 -----------------------
1 Я? TAKE APART =>1017
КЙ FUSE =>01831
ЙГ =>01058
=><8>1762
P tokasu
j-	Й? TAKE APART =>1017
КЙ FUSE =>01831
$	'Ж =>01058
,	£§* =>(8)1762
Щ =>0964
toku
г	Я? TAKE APART =>1017
।	8Й EXPLAIN =>1042
£ t®X =>0964
It
7
5
P
0479
E1-3-10
► MONKEY
EN saru
1	Joyo	S13-3-10	K1778
94	D1914	®669	U733F
© [original meaning] monkey, ape
Ж A enjin ape-man
SA St ruijin'en anthropoid, troglodyte
A St ken'en dog and monkey
A St0{Ф TF'cb ken'en no naka de aru
lead a cat and dog life; be at enmity
[kun]
[saru St] monkey, ape
StMIH sarumane blind imitation
StS® sarushibai monkey show; shallow-
minded trick
sarumawashi monkey showman,
monkey show
0 A St nihonzaru Japan monkey
ill Ж yamazaru wild monkey; countryman,
rustic
IHOMQPHONESI
saru Ф REPORT =>03507
► APART
KAKU heda(teru) heda(taru)
О apart, separated, distant
IfetS kakusei distant age
РМ£ЁА<5 kakuzetsu suru be separated, be
isolated
enkakuno distant, remote, far
©0 [original meaning] partition, screen, inter-
pose; separate, set apart
0 partition; septum
a PMl^ kakuheki partition, bulkhead; septum
Pi^HI kakumaku partition; diaphragm
PraiSA-S kakurisuru isolate, segregate
ШРгаЖ okakumaku diaphragm; midriff
b fKSIfe kankaku interval, space
© alternate, every other
Рй 0 kakujitsu alternate days
PSjSA kakushuni biweekly
Рй^0 kakunenno every other year
[KUN]
[hedateru PST^)] separate, set apart;
partition, screen, interpose
PraT" hedate partition; distinction, reserve,
estrangement
ЯП wakehedate discrimination, favor-
itism
[hedataru PSA-5] be apart [separated], be
distant
Рй А Ю hedatari distance, interval; gap, dif-
ference; estrangement
Ж W" PS A <5 kakehedataru be far apart; be
different from
0479-0480
182
0481
Е1-3-11
► CRY
► SOUND
MEI na(ku) na(ru) na(rasu)
*	Jdyd-2	S14-11-3	K4436
196	C1264	(8674	U9CF4
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (of birdsand animals) cry,
howl
0 CRY out, shout
а IS 4 keimei cockcrowing
b Ж4 himei shriek, scream
0 sound, ring, roar
4 ft meido rumbling
F^4 kyomei resonance
Is 4 raimei thunderclap
W4ffi someikyoku sonata
[KUN]
[naku 4 < ] (of animals, birds or insects) cry,
chirp, ululate, howl, yelp, meow
4сГЖ nakigoe cry, song, chirping
4 сГ nakikawasu cry [howl] to each
other, exchange wooing cries
[naru 4%> J visound, ring, roar, resound
40 nari sound, ringing
4 0 Ш < narihibiku reverberate, echo, re-
sound
nariwataru resound [echo] far and
wide
miminari buzzing in the ears, tinnitus
[narasu 4b'T]i4ring, sound, chime
ЙГсЙИвТГ kakinarasu thrum, strum
IHOMOPHONESI
naku CRY =>0253
0482
В1-3-11
► BOUNDARY
► SITUATION
KYO KEI sakai [Ц sakae
Jdyd-5	S14-3-11	K2213
A0429	®676	U5883
3-ii E
F.....l+..F....[Г...i
123456789
№ 13# ЗД	у
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl	-J-
O [original meaning] boundary, border, fron-	r
tier
kydkai boundary, border
kyoiki boundary; precincts, grounds ,к
fSF'J keidai grounds [premises] (of a shrine or
temple)	J
kokkyo (national) boundary [border] у
ekkyo border transgression, violation of ’
the border
henkyo frontier (district), remote region, «
border(land)	P
kenkyo prefectural border
0 situation, condition(s), state
ffliS kydgu one's lot, circumstances, situation
in life
^ЙЙ kyochi state, stage; field, ground
1И^Й kankyo environment, surroundings, cir-
cumstances
'С?^Й shinkyo frame of mind, mental attitude
[state]
зЁ^Й gyakkyo adversity, adverse
[unfavorable] circumstances
Й^Й shinkyo progress, improvement
[KUN]
[sakai Ш] boundary, border
£Й @ sakaime border, boundary line; crisis
kunizakai (national, state or provincial)
boundary [border]
Ж^й misakai distinction, discrimination
seishino sakai between life and
death
0483
E1-3-11
► INCREASE
ZO ma(su) ma(shi) fu(eru)
fu(yasu)
J6yd-5	S14-3-11	K3393
A0247	(8677	U5897
183
0481-0483
Из-ii
1
123456789
п
i
$
t
I
'7
Р
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] (grow or cause to grow in
quantity or number) increase, multiply, aug-
ment
0 [also suffix] increase, rise
a 4a %> zdkasuru increase, multiply, rise
^131 zdsan production increase
4f zdzei tax increase
4tJt>'lT<5 zoinsuru increase the staff
[personnel]
4aiS'1T'b zoshinsuru promote, improve,
advance
4аФи zofuku amplification
zodaisuru increase, enlarge, en-
hance
b 4aM zogen increase and decrease, rise and
fall
Ж 4! kyuzo sudden [rapid] increase
§ shizenzd natural increase
[KUN]
[masu tfT] vi&vt increase, augment,
multiply
4a LBW mashizuri additional printing, re-
printing
shin'yo да masu gain more
confidence
[mashi it L ] [also suffix] increase, addition
4a Lfe mashi na less objectional, better,
preferable
/КЖ L mizumashi watering; dilution
тИ it L	warimashi-rydkin extra charge
H it LiZ himashini day by day
[fueru it vi (grow in number or in quan-
tity) increase, accrue, multiply
ftlSZ^itA^) taiju да fueru gain weight
Jt/^is A <5 губ да fueru gain in quantity
[fuyasu it иг (cause to grow in number or
quantity) increase, add
A¥ it'^'T hitode о fuyasu add to the
staff
| HOMOPHONES]
masu Й BENEFIT =>1468
fueru Ж MULTIPLY =>0680
fuyasu Ж MULTIPLY =>0680
► LEGITIMATE CHILD
CHAKU
0484 E1-3-11	38	Joyo	S14-3-11	K3568
		D2101	®>680	U5AE1
< |A I*	I*	’irl		
1	2	3	I	4	5	6	7	8	9
				
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 LEGITIMATE CHILD, heir, successor
0 [original meaning] legitimate wife, legal wife
a	chakushi legitimate child
ЙЙЙ haichaku disinheritance
ь	chakunan heir, eldest son; legitimate
son
chakushutsu legitimacy (of birth)
SSS chakusai legitimate wife
ЙЙЖ chakushitsu legitimate wife
0485		Joyo	S14-3-11	K3607
E1-3-11	60	B0963	<8>683	U5FB4
I 1.......1......1..1.....П ....P....|1*..I
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (collect taxes or payment) levy, collect, impose
choshusuru collect taxes
[payment]
Й?Й chozei tax collection
tsuichdsuru collect in addition
kachdkin surcharge (on imports)
0 (enlist troops) levy, conscript, recruit
Sfc Д chdhei conscription, enlistment, draft
choshusuru levy, recruit
© (evidence of a fact or event) symptom, sign,
indication, omen
0484-0485
184
choko symptom, sign; omen
shocho symbol
0 characteristic, character, feature
fifc tokucho distinctive feature, characteris-
tic
seicho biol sexual character
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ш slight =>0461
0486
E1-3-11
► VIRTUE
TOKU Ц] nori yoshi naru nari atsu
Jdyd-5	S14-3-11	K3833
B0840	®684	U5FB3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (moral excellence) virtue, morality
0 (act of moral excellence) virtue, virtuous deed
a tokugi morality, sincerity
dotoku morality, morals
akutoku vice, corruption, immorality
kotoku public morality
obit® bitoku virtue, good deed
hfflk	► HABITUAL PRACTICE
•I |—|	KAN na(reru) na(rasu)
0487	t	Jdyd-5	S14-3-11	K2023
И1-3-11	61	C1152	®685	U6163
ICOMPOUNDSl
О habitual [usual, established] practice,
custom, habit, usual way, convention
tSfr kankd habitual [usual] practice
kanrei custom, usage, precedent
WtS shukan custom, habit
© grow accustomed to, get used to, become
г-н E
----------------------------------------------1
habituated
kan'yo common use, usage
[KUN]
[nareru 1Й tl [also suffix] grow accus- Ц
tomed to, get used to, become inured to, be- ,
come experienced in	J
tStl nare habituation, practice, experience	fy
nareta practiced, experienced, famil-
iar
LtT nareshitashimu get used to, '|'
become familiar with	r
ЖЯ'И'Ь minareru get used to seeing	’
[narasu tfi bTJ inure, habituate, accustom, '7
make used to
ЙИЙ Ь Ь ashinarashi walking exercise,	_
warming up	P
{J 0 tit 6*3" tsukainarasu accustom oneself
to using (a thing), train
IHOMQPHONESI
nareru Bl|x =>01820
narasu
SHX =>01820
EVEN =>0235
1 |—t	► ARROGANT ЛПТ* ►SLUGGISH MAN			
0488 t E1-3-11	61	Joyo	S14-3-11	K4393
	C1388	0686	U6162
		rrt	’Ppp
		6	7	8	9	
10	11	12	13	14 ICOMPOUNDSl			
О arrogant, supercilious, haughty, con-
ceited, proud
IILl? manshin self-conceit; pride
1=1 в jiman pride, self-praise, vanity
K'ISZi komanna haughty, arrogant, proud
goman na arrogant, haughty, inso-
lent
Sc'B gaman patience, endurance; self-
restraint
0 (slow to act) sluggish, slow, dragging
tStStf) mansei no chronic
185
0486-0488
Е з-11
я —-----------------------------------------------
1	каптап па slack, slow-moving, dull,
inactive
p ★do not confuse with iS rambling =>0494
* 0489
t E1-3-11
► HATE
ZO niku(mu) niku(i) niku(rashii)
niku(shimi)
-I-	Joyo	S14-3-11	K3394
61	D1817	®687	U618E
'7
P
	i' L		r.		г			
1	2	3	4	5
-ими	I HH Bl
10	11	12	13	14
0 [original meaning] hate, detest
ИнЖ zoo abhorrence, hatred
[KUN]
[nikumu hate, detest, abhor
gather
ftSЖ tekika thinning out superfluous fruit
tekishutsu suru extract, excise,
remove; point out
00 (choose the best part) pick out, select, make
an extract
© point out (a person's mistakes), expose
a tekiyd summary
b	tekihatsu suru expose, lay bare,
disclose
shitekisuru point out
[kun]
[tsumu J® 1 pick (flowers), pluck, gather
tsumitoru pick, pluck
chatsumi tea-picking
IHOMOPHONESI
tsumu	=>02306
incorrect stroke-count
47b	=>see E1-3-10: J at 0465
El-3-11
nikumareguchi offensive [abusive]
language
nikumarekko bad [naughty]
child
[nikui jfu И] HATEfuI, abominable
Ha $ nikusa hatefulness, hatred
jfeiH ainiku unfortunately, unluckily; I am
sorry, but...
[nikurashii 1н в L И] HATEful, horrible,
provoking
6 LH konikurashii saucy; provoking
[nikushimi Ш hatred, enmity
► PERFORM
EN m nobu
0491 E1-3-11	'7 85
Jdyo-5	S14-3-11	KI 773
A0272	®697	U6F14
► PICK
TEKI tsu(mu) Щ tsumi
0490	t	Joyo	S14-3-11	K3706
E1-3-11	64	B0616	®694	U6458
-11 nwo
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] pick (flowers), pluck,
O0 perform, act, enact, play, entertain
0 PERFORMance, acting, enactment, play
а engeki drama, play
enshutsu production (of a play); repre-
sentation
engi acting, performance
iMW ensd musical performance
jWxK engei performance, entertainments
Ъ shuensuru play the leading part
-ЫЖ'ТЪ joen suru put on stage
shutsuensuru appear on stage,
perform, play
b 5Я1Ж kaien raising the curtain, commencing a
performance
0489-0491
186
3-11 n
кудеп coacting, costarring
4а кдеп public performance
shoen first performance, premier
00 make a speech, lecture, expound
0 speech, lecture
а ЙЙ1Й enzetsu (public) speech, address, ora-
tion
tlhfa koen lecture
b endai subject of a speech, speech title
О practice, exercise
enshu exercise, practice; military ma-
neuvers; seminar
► DRIFT
HYO tadayo(u)
'7	Joyo	S14-3-11	K4126
85	C1590	®699	U6F02
[INDEPENDENT!
[enjiru (=enzuru)	per-
form, play, act
□	L' %> romio о enjiru act the part
of Romeo
► FISH
GYO RYO HI isari sunadori
0492
E1-3-11
7	Jdyd-4	S14-3-11	K2189
85	C1050	®698	U6F01
12	13
| |/ !✓!✓
12	3	4	5
5.B&5.E&
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] fish, angle
0 [also suffix] FiSHing, fishery
а gyogyo fishing industry
ЖШ gyosen fishing boat
gyokaku fishing; haul [catch] (offish)
'МШ gyojd fishing ground, fishery
rydshi fisherman
b	kin гуд prohibition of fishing
%) shutsuryd suru go (off) fishing
sakeryo salmon fishing
[INDEPENDENT!
[ryd FiSHing, fishery, fishing excursion
0 [original meaning] drift, float
hydryusuru drift, be adrift
ЖЙ hyochaku drifting ashore	3
fuhyd floating	[J
[KUN]
[tadayou Ж 5 ] drift, be adrift; float, waft
'Ж Z) ФЙ* tadayou kobune drifting boat
Hoko ga tadayou Fragrance
floats in the air
0494
E1-3-11
► RAMBLING
► COMIC
MAN
	Joyo	S14-3-11	K4401
85	C1430	®700	U6F2B
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
О rambling, random, discursive, desultory,
aimless, unrestrained, casual
man'yCisuru make a leisurely tour
manzentaru rambling, random,
desultory
manposuru ramble, saunter
sanmanna desultory,vagrant,vague
homan laxity, looseness, indiscretion
jomanna diffuse, verbose, prolix
0 COMIC, idle
S® manga cartoon, comic strip
S? manzai comic dialogue, comic backchat,
manzai
187
0492-0494
Е з-11
1	mandan idle talk, comic chat
manken (=manga
kenkyukai) comic book [cartoon] re-
search group
P [NOTE]
f ★do not confuse with Й arrogant =>0488
► LEAK
RO mo(ru) mo(reru) mo(rasu)
'7	Joyo	S14-3-11	K4719
85	C1374	0701	U6F0F
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
ОФ [original meaning] leak
© (of secrets) leak (out), be disclosed, be
divulged
аЙШ roshutsu leak
®7K rosui water leakage
ЖШ roden short circuit, leakage
ЙШЙвГЖ shisondrd pyorrhea alveolaris
rdei leakage, disclosure
© omit, leave out
1'8 ird omission, oversight, neglect
М'Ж soro carelessness, inadvertence, over-
sight
[KUN]
[moru УШ6 ] vi LEAK, be leaky
mori leak, leakage
amamori leak in the roof, leaking of
rain
[moreru	vi leak; (of secrets) leak, be
disclosed, be divulged
Wtl more leak, leakage; omission, oversight
gasumore gas leak
□	kuchi kara moreru pass from
one's lips
[morasu jU^TJvtlet leak;express,give
vent to
shoben о morasu wet one's
pants
himitsuо morasu betray
[reveal] a secret
► PICKLE
tsu(keru) tsu(karu) -zu(ke) -zuke
[KUN]
[tsukeru Stfa&J vt
О pickle (vegetables), salt, preserve
tsukemono pickles, pickled vegeta-
ble
iJtfaSj? tsukena pickled [salted] greens
na о tsukeru pickle greens
О immerse, steep, soak, dip
te о mizu ni tsukeru im-
merse [dip] one's hand in water
[tsukaru iJt vi be immersed [steeped],
soak, be soaked in, be submerged; (of pickles)
be seasoned, be salted
yu ni tsukaru have a dip in the
bath tub
[-zuke -StW*/ -81] [also suffix]
О PICKLES
© pickling with, preserving in
a fa senmaizuke pickled sliced rad-
ishes
t&HUiJtfa matsumaezuke Matsumae pickles
b fa shiozuke salted [corned] food; pick-
ling with salt
•Sl^flSfa misozuke vegetables preserved
in miso; preserving in miso
[HOMOPHONES]
tsukeru
fa ATTACH =>0019
Й ATTACH =>®347
jt PUT ON =>2086
St SET ABOUT =^>1113
IP IMMEDIATE =>®1120
POINT =>®2084
-zuke fa attach =>0019
0495-0496
188
3-11 U
0497
Б1-3-11
► LACQUER
SHITSU urushi [1] nuri
'7	Joyo	S14-3-11	K2831
85	D2092	®704	U6F06
• [original meaning] (Japanese or Chinese)
LACQUER/ varnish, japan, urushi
shikki lacquer ware
[KUN]
[urushi ЙП Japanese lacquer, varnish,
japan, urushi
0 urushinuri lacquering, japanning;
lacquer ware
О drop, drip, trickle
УЙЖЖ'Ь tekikasuru drip, trickle
УЙЖ tekisui water dripping	4
ДЖ tenteki falling drops of water; intrave- л
nous infusion	1
0 [original meaning] (liquid globule) drop f
/КУЙ suiteki water drop	у
ЖУЙ uteki raindrops
[KUN]
[shizuku /Й] (liquid globule) drop	|5
fl-ОУЙ tsuyu no shizuku dewdrop
[shitataru 7Й & ] drip, drop, trickle
УЙ 0 shitatari dripping; drop, trickle
УЙ 0	<5 shitatariochiru trickle down
0498
E1-3-11
IHOMOPHONESI
shizuku =>®2760
► RINSE
SO susu(gu) kuchisusu(gu)
Names	S14-3-11	K6291
D2022	®704.5	U6F31
► GRADUALLY
ZEN m susumu
[KUN]
[susugu Ж <*] rinse one's mouth, gargle
□ <&Ж C kuchi о susugu rinse one's mouth,
gargle
[kuchisusugu Ж О rinse one's mouth,
gargle
8ШгЖ< nagare ni kuchisusugu literary
rinse one's mouth, gargle with river wa-
ter
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж SHALLOWS =>0545
0499
И1-3-11
► DROP
TEKI shizuku shitata(ru)
Joyo	S14-3-11	K3709
D2043	®705	U6EF4
* gradually, gradual
zenji gradually
ЙП® zenshin gradual advance
ЖгМ zengen gradual decrease
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with W short while =>1832
incorrect stroke-count
=>see В1 -3-12: '7 at 0520
В1-3-11
189
0497-0500
Е з-ii
► PRISON
GOKU
	Joyo	S14-4-10	K2586
94	D1619	®712	U7344
П 0501
i E1-3-11
£ ICOMPOUNDSI
О PRISON, jail
x ЖФМй gokuchuki diary written in prison
ЖЙ gokui prison uniform
[J	gokushi death in prison
„ „ ШЖ shutsugoku release from prison
ЖХЖ rogoku prisonjail
ЯЙЖ datsugoku prison breakjailbreak
©hell
ЖЖ jigoku hell; inferno
IS kakushigei hidden talent; parlor trick
S L ^7 / V kakushikamera hidden [spy]
camera
[kakureru IStl<5] vi hide, hide [conceal]
oneself, disappear, be hidden from sight
IStWk'T kakurefusu lie concealed
kakurenbo hide-and-seek
kakuremino invisible cloak; pretext
IStliS kakuremichi hidden path
0503
В1-3-11
► VERGE
► OCCASION
SAI kiwa -giwa
|5	Jdyd-5	SI 4-3-11	K2661
170	A0224	®714	U969B
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSI
0502
E1-3-11
► HIDE
IN kaku(su) kaku(shi)- kaku(reru)
|5	Joyo	S14-3-11	K1703
170	C1060	®713	U96A0
И
123456789
p p ppp
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSI
© [original meaning] (conceal from sight) hide,
conceal
ИЙЙ* "3"Ъ inpeisuru conceal, cover up, hide
ISE intoku concealment; misprision
[kun]
[kakusu ISf J vt hide, conceal; hide (a
matter from someone), keep secret
ISL/jvf'O kakushimotsu carry (something)
under cover
dikakusu cover, mask
[kakushi- IS L-J [prefix] hidden, concealed,
secret
IS L Ж kakushigoto secret
О verge, brink, edge
[Ий saigen limits, end, bounds
konrinzai never; Buddhism deepest
bottom of the earth
tensai horizon
© occasion, time
Ж1^О jissai no true, real; actual; practical
© have relations, have social intercourse
kosai association, friendship, inter-
course
0 inter-, between, among
kokusaiteki na international
gakusaiteki interdisciplinary
[INDEPENDENT!
[sai occasion, time; when
ano sai ni on that occasion
jit Ж CD 1Ш^ shokuji no sai ni when eating
[kun]
[kiwa verge, edge, brink, side
kiwadatsu be conspicuous, be
prominent
H kiwadoi dangerous, risky, hairbreadth
mizugiwa beach, waterside
3^IWD madogiwa ni at the window
0501-0503
190
3-12 П
.no kiwa ni at the edge of; at the
moment of
[-giwa -1Ш on the verge of, on the point of
ГЖ magiwa onthe verge of, just before, on
the point of
1ШЗ shinigiwa ni on the verge of death
В
► HINDRANCE
SHO sawa(ru)
0504 E1-3-11	P 170	Jdyd-6	514-3-11	K3067
		B0611	®715	U969C
7 J f	flTFF			

10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 hindrance, obstruction, obstacle, barrier
© [original meaning] hinder, obstruct, block,
screen
a shoji paper sliding-door, shoji
ЙВ kosho malfunction, breakdown; physical
disorder; hindrance, obstacle, accident-
objection, protest
shisho hindrance, obstacle, difficulty
77B bansho all hindrances, all obstacles
HW zaisho sins
b ВЭ shoheki barrier, obstacle; wall
shoheki fence, wall; barrier
ВШ shogai obstacle, hindrance; (physical)
disorder
0 defend, protect; keep away, shut out
& hosho suru (ensure that an unde-
sirable condition does not occur) guar-
antee, secure, ensure
[KUN]
[sawaru PS Ъ ] hinder, interfere with
BO sawari hindrance, obstacle; harm, bad
effect; sickness
HE L p$ 0 sashisawari obstacle, offense
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ЖВ* kiza affectation
[HOMOPHONESl
sawaru M touch =>1018
sawari M TOUCH =>1018
1
► SPOUT
FUN fu(ku)
0505	□	Joyo	S15-3-12	K4214
E1-3-12	30	C1432	®717	U5674
ICOMPOUNDSl
П
i
t
I
© [original meaning] spout, emit, spurt, gush
out
funshutsu spouting, gushing
®Z|< funsui jet (of water), fountain
funka eruption, volcanic activity
®^<|1| funkazan volcano
funmuki sprayer, vaporizer, atomizer
РЩМ" funsha jet, jet propulsion
РЙЙхТ<5 funpan suru burst out laughing
[kun]
[fuku I® < ] spout, emit, spurt, gush out
® fukidasu spout, spurt, gush out;
break into laughter
[HOMOPHONES]
fuku BLOW =>0170
► CHARGE WITH
SHOKU
0506	□	Joyo	S15-3-12	K3092
El-3-12	30	D1917	®718	U5631
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] charge (a person) with (a
job), ask someone to do something; entrust
shokutaku suru entrust with
ishokusuru charge, commission
[entrust] with
191
0504-0506
Ш 3-12
Ж!Й shodo impulse, urge
JSffi kansho buffer
И 0507
i Е1-3-12
► TUMULUS
FUN
±	Joyo	S15-3-12	K4215
32	D1747	®719	U58B3
$ F....F...1....|r A FF
। ow <<7
10	11	12	13	14	15
f ICOMPOUNDSl
0 tumulus, grave mound, tomb
„ л ЙЖ funbo grave, tomb
"Й*Ж kofun tumulus, ancient tomb, old
mound
РЭШ enpun burial mound
№
0508
E1-3-12
► GLAD
KI ure(shii) Щ yoshi ureshi
	Names	S15-3-12	K2082
38	D2546	®722	U5B09
[kun]
[ureshii Й1L glad, pleased, happy,
delighted; joyful, delightful
№ Ь $ ureshisa joy, delight, gladness
Ж *5 A ureshiso na delightful, glad-
looking
0509
В1-3-12
► COLLIDE
SHO
h	Joyo	S15-6-9	K3055
144	C1065	®725	U885D
0510
E1-3-12
► GOTHROUGH
TETSU U toru aki
1	Joyo	S15-3-12	K3716
60	C1060	®726	U5FB9
О go through [with], be thorough, be ex-
haustive
АЙЙЙ tetteiteki thorough, exhaustive
HFScAFb kantetsusuru carry through, go
through with, accomplish, attain
ittetsuna obstinate, stubborn
ЪТс totetsushita lucid, clear, penetrat-
ing
0 all through, throughout
tetsuya all night vigil [sitting]
[INDEPENDENT!
[tessuru &] go through (with), be
thorough, devote oneself to
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Й& withdraw =>0515
0511
E1-3-12
► YEARN AFTER
DO SHO SHU akoga(reru)
	Names	S15-3-12	K3820
61	D2628	®729.5	U61A7
123456789
ft
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф collide, dash [run] against, crash
shototsu suru collide (with), crash
(into); conflict [clash] (with)
shogeki impact, shock, impulse
ICOMPOUNDSl
• YEARN AFTER
dokei (=shdkei) suru yearn after
[KUN]
[akogareru yearn after; adore
tUt! akogare yearning, longing
HitlOFF) akogare no mato object of envy;
adored figure, idol
А	yumejin ni akogareru
adore [be attracted to] a celebrity
0507-0511
192
3-12 []
----- 1
P
► INDIGNATION
FUN ikidd(ru)
+	Joyo	S15-3-12	K4216
61	D1870	®730	U61A4
0512
С1-3-12
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 indignation, resentment, exasperation,
rage
0 be indignant, resent, be angry
a fundo (=funnu) anger, rage, resentment
kofun public indignation [resentment]
Й® gifun righteous indignation
b 'КЙСТ& fungekisuru be inflamed by anger,
flare up
Ifi'H fungai resentment, indignation
funzento indignantly, in a rage
%> funshisuru die in a fit of anger
Ж® hifun indignation, resentment
[KUN]
[ikidoru ffi& ] be indignant, resent, be
angry
'В 0 ikiddri indignation, resentment
jisei о ikidoru be indignant at
the times
0513
Cl-3-12
► DEAL A BLOW
BOKU
	Joyo	S15-3-12	K4348
64	C1211	<0733	U64B2
All/ 4-ju 44U
10	11..12	13	14	15
[compounds!
• [original meaning] deal [give] A blow, beat,
strike forcefully, strike a blow
bokusatsu clubbing to death
bokumetsu eradication, destruction
fT® daboku blow, stroke
[SPECIAL READINGS]
sumo sumo wrestling
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ш I =>0121
0 photograph, take a picture, film
satsuei photographing, shooting (of a
movie)
WAI tokusatsu trick work
[KUN]
[toru ffi Ъ ] photograph, shoot, film,
videotape
shashin о toru take a picture
ffll LS 0 kakushidori sneaking a shot
[-dori -HI 0 ] counter for number of shots
[pictures] available in a film
®CH1 0 07 Jl/Д junimaidorino
firumu film for 12 shots
IHOMOPHONESI
toru
Ж TAKE =^0847
Ш PICK =>0367
Й EXECUTE =>1102
CATCH =>0315
-dori Ж TAKE =>0847
0515
E1-3-12
► WITHDRAW
TETSU
t	Joyo	S15-3-12	K3717
64	B0924	®738	U64A4
193
0512-0515
Е 3-12
1 г 1О ifTZ^'O
10	11	12	13	14	15
J ICOMPOUNDSl
» О [original meaning] (take back) withdraw,
remove, take away
ISS tekkyo removal, dismantlement (of a
.	building); evacuation (of an army)
। ЙЯя] tekkai withdrawal, retraction
f	teppai abolition, removal
0 (move back) withdraw, retreat, evacuate
tettai withdrawal, evacuation, pullout
jffiftT'S teppeisuru withdraw troops
SHIRT'S tesshusuru withdraw, pull out
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ш gothrough =>0510
0516
E1-3-12
► TIDE
CHO shio ushioT
Jdyd-6	S15-3-12	K3612
C1214	®739	U6F6E
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] tide, current
ТЙЯ kancho ebbtide
ЙЙЯ mancho high tide, high water
[kun]
[shio ЙИ] tide, current
0 shiohigari shell gathering (at low
tide)
31 gS	hikishio ebb tide, low water
chishio blood
IHOMQPHONESI
shio & TIDE =>0164
0517
E1-3-12
► LIMPID
CHO su(mu) su(masu) -su(masu)
Ц] sumi kiyoshi
Joyo	515-3-12	K3201
D1682	®740	U6F84
\>7 h'7
7 7 7 7 7	/
123456789
7’	/Р /Я7Я
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
• limpid, dear, transparent, lucid, serene
seichona clear, lucid; serene
meichbna unclouded,clear, limpid
[kun]
[sumu ?!Ш] v/clear, become clear
sumikitta perfectly clear
sundamizu limpid water
[sumasu ?HST] v/look grave, look uncon-
cerned; vt strain (as one's ears)
JE S ЬЙЙ sumashigao smug face
M fii ST mimi о sumasu strain one's ears
[-sumasu ST] [verbal suffix] perform an
action well [perfectly]
WgS^ST togisumasu sharpen [grind]
well
JRLjfi ST misumasu observe carefully,
watch intently
IHOMQPHONESI
-sumasu Й settle =>0383
0518	► MOIST JUN uruo(u) uruo(su) uru(mu) ® masaru sakae megumi shun			
	7	Joyo	515-3-12	K2965
В1-3-12	85	C1563	®742	U6F64
'• ; 7 Й J ;T
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
Q moist, wet
© MOiSTen, be moistened, ooze, be wet
0516-0518
194
a SiSIZX shitsujunna moist, damp, wet
bifsJfttSl junkatsuyu lubricant, lubricating oil
ЯФ81Йз|| haishinjun infiltration of the lungs
[KUN]
[uruou iHO □ J be MOiSTened, be wet, be
damp; receive benefits, profit, be made rich,
become prosperous
Л!||И uruoi moisture, dampness; gain, profit;
tastefulness
[uruosu ] wet, MOiSTen, dip. irrigate
nodo о uruosu appease one's
thirst
[urumu iPOtr] be moist [wet] (with tears)
urumi moisture, blur, opacity
A A @ urunda me eyes moist with tears;
dim eyes
0519
E1-3-12
► IMMACULATE
KETSU isagiyo(i) Ц] kiyoshi kiyo
isao
Joyo-5	S15-3-12	K2373
C1596	@744	U6F54
[compounds!
J \J
0 (free from stain) immaculate, clean, pure,
spotless
© (free from moral blemish) immaculate, pure,
upright
a keppeki love of cleanliness, fastidious-
ness
seiketsuna clean, neat, pure
A^ZX fuketsuna unclean, dirty, impure,
maculate
ь Й ZX keppaku na innocent, pure, upright
junketsuna purehearted, immacu-
late, innocent
teiketsu chastity and purity
[KUN]
[isagiyoi ЛИ] gallant, brave, manly, reso-
lute
isagiyosa manliness, resolute compo-
sure
3-12 П
------------------------------------------ q
Ж < isagiyoku bravely, manfully; frankly, 1
with good grace
► LAGOON
kata -gata
П
i
'I'
I
'7
O0 lagoon
© suffix after names of lagoons
hachirdgata Lagoon Hachiro
0 beach at ebb tide
higata beach at ebb tide
0521
D1-3-12
► SUBMERGE
► LURK
SEN hiso(mu) mogu(ru) ® hisoka
Joyo	S15-3-12	K3288
C1400	®746	U6F5C
I' к ic к- k= I/ \J J	 J у		J	J
|/.\J.У1.7ПУН7В
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] submerge, dive
sensui diving
M/KK sensuikan submarine
Mffib senko submarine voyage, underwater
navigation
0 lurk, hide, lie concealed; be latent
MfZt senpuku concealment, hiding; latency
MA sennyu infiltration
Mfrsenko suru travel in disguise; move
[travel] under water
MffiO senzaino latent, potential
[kun]
[hisomu Mt? J lurk in, lie concealed; be
195
0519-0521
Ез-13
1----
latent
hisonde iru chikara latent
power, potentiality
j. [moguru dive into, submerge; get in,
crawl in
£	«0 moguri diving; unlicensed (person)
'Ж 0 iit? mogurikomu get in, crawl into
t
I
p
► PLATFORM
DAN TAN Ц] mayumi
0522
В1-3-13
±	Joyo	S16-3-13	K3537
32	C1474	®754	U58C7
+ J
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSI
О platform, raised floor, stage, dais
danjo on the platform, on the stage
ЙЕ-Ш danjo stage
1ЖЙ1 endan platform, rostrum
7ЁЙЙ kadan flower bed
Sfil kyddan teacher's platform, rostrum
О circles, world
bundan literary circles, world of litera-
ture
W® haidan haiku world
gadan artists' world, painting circles
shidan poetical circles, world of poetry
dotanba the last moment
[INDEPENDENT!
[dan i®] platform, raised floor, stage, dais;
altar
J® (Z <5 dan ni noboru get on the platform
► ARABLE SOIL
JO ID minoru yutaka
IcompoundsI
Ф [original meaning] arable soil, (loose or
loamy) soil, fertile soil, earth, loam
zt® dojo soil, earth
0524
В1-3-13
► BREAK DOWN
KAI kowa(su) kowa(reru)
±	Joyo	S16-3-13	K1885
32	B0798	®756	U58CA
p....p.....IJ...
ICOMPOUNDSI

* break down, destroy, smash; (of a dam)
burst
hakaisuru break (down), destroy,
wreck
ЯЯЙ hokai collapse, crumbling, breakdown,
cave-in
zenkai complete collapse
kekkai rip, break
Й1Й1ХГЪ tdkaisuru collapse, be destroyed,
crumble
[KUN]
[ kowasu ШТ] vt break (down), destroy,
smash, take apart
Ж I/ torikowashi demolition, pulling
down
[kowareru Ш] vibreak (down), be
broken; get out of order
kowaremono fragile article, break-
ables; broken article
0523
E1-3-13
±	Joyo	S16-3-13	K3077
32	D1676	®755	U58CC
0522-0524
196
ой
D1-3-13
► YOUNG LADY
JO
£	Joyo	S16-3-13	K3078
38	D2080	®758	U5B22
3-13 П
— 1
i j
io 11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф unmarried young lady, girl, mademoiselle
0 [also suffix] (unmarried) female worker
a tj*Й reijo daughter; young lady
rojo spinster
b kokanjo telephone operator
annaijo usherette
[INDEPENDENT!
[jo ЙЙ] young lady; daughter
$ hi ojosan young lady; your daughter
0526
В1-3-13
► GUARD
El Ет Ц] mamoru mori
ft	Jdyd-5	S16-6-10	K1750
144	A0459	®760	U885B
...\4...............
' 4 4 4 4 4' 1 4
123456789
i >«fcx i i Z/x : /di i //x- i /^x- ! /ix- ;
1s
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 guard, defend, escort, protect, preserve
© guard, keeper
а {ftzfe eisei hygiene, sanitation, preservation of
health
{ft И eiseiteki sanitary, hygienic
t? {ft goei guard, escort
§ W jiei self-defense, self-protection
Bj{ft boei defense, protection
£L{ft Д koeihei Red Guards
b \F{ft shuei guard, doorkeeper
tfl{ft zen'ei advance guard, vanguard; for-
ward player
0 [original meaning] revolve, go round, orbit
{ftЖ eisei satellite; moon
0 BALANCEd, stable
a	heiko equilibrium, balance
b	kinkd balance, equilibrium
0 scales, weighing machine
dorydko weights and measures
0528 E1-3-13	► BOSOM ► LONG FOR KAI futokoro natsu(kashii) natsu(kashimu) natsu(ku) natsu(keru) Щ капе			
	t	Joyo	S16-3-13	K1891
	61	C1533	®763	U61D0
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (underside of garment covering chest) bosom,
pocket
ft Ф kaichu one's pocket
0 (harbor a thought) embosom, cherish, harbor
'IWSS kaigi doubt, skepticism, disbelief
Й'IShokaisuru harbor, cherish, enter-
tain
0 long for, miss, yearn, be attached to, be
filled with nostalgia
'ISIS kaikyu longing for the old days
1S"ST kaiko yearning for the old days
И5Ж kaikyo nostalgia, homesickness
197
0525-0528
Е 3-13
i ;=;----------------------------------------
[KUN]
[futokoro 1Й] bosom, breast; heart, mind
0 '1Й shizen no futokoro bosom of Na-
J	tore
,	uchibutokoro inside pocket; bosom;
9	one's real intention
[natsukashii	dear, beloved,
। LONGed-FOR, old; long for, miss
natsukashisa yearning, longing,
£	nostalgia
у	hitonatsukashii miss people,
’	long for others' presence
[natsukashimu Ltd long [pine] for,
yearn after, miss
mukashiоnatsukashimu
view the past with nostalgia
[natsuku Ж < ] become attached to; be
tamed
Л® о Cl И hitonatsukkoi be affable, be
sociable, love company; (of animals) take
kindly to men
[natsukeru 1S! tame, domesticate
W"tenazukeru bring (a person or
animal) round, gain over to one's side;
influence with money
0529
E1-3-13
► STRONGLY REGRET
KAN
t	Joyo	S16-3-13	K2024
61	D1751	®764	U61BE
'	<’ | 'p <|’Г'	'|’Г”	'['/s'
123456789
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] strongly regret, be
sorry for, be dissatisfied
ikanna regrettable
44~F=f	► SPECULATE ► REMEMBER			
	OKU			
0530	t	Joyo	S16-3-13	K1817
E1-3-13	61	Cl 356	®765	U61B6
О (engage in conjectural thought) speculate,
conjecture, guess, infer
okusoku conjecture, speculation, guess
0 remember, recall, recollect
BE® kioku memory, recollection
tsuioku recollection, retrospection
0531
E1-3-13
► MANIPULATE
SO misao ayatsu(ru) [§ aya
	Jdyd-6	516-3-13	K3364
64	C1067	®769	U64CD
О manipulate, handle, operate (a machine)
sdsa operation, manipulation, handling
ШЯЕ'Т-Ь sdjusuru manage, control; steer;
pilot, fly
ШЖ sogyo operation, work
sosha marshaling (in a classification
yard)
О exercise, drill
taiso gymnastics, physical exercise
[KUN]
[misao constancy, fidelity; chastity
misao о mamoru preserve one's
chastity; adhere to one's principles
[ayatsuru
0 (operate skillfully with the hands) manipulate,
handle, work, operate (a machine); steer (a
0529-0531
198
3-13 Д
ship)
0 (influence skillfully) manipulate, pull strings,
mastermind
а Ш 0 ayatsuri manipulation; puppet
ayatsuriningyd puppet
takuminiayatsuru manipulate,
maneuver
Ш %> eigo о ayatsuru have a good
command of English
seron о ayatsuru manipulate
public opinion
я
0532
D1-3-13
►SUPPORT
YO
J	Joyo	S16-3-13	K4542
64	C1369	®770	U64C1
- t S tTrrW
123456789
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSI
О support, protect
yoritsusuru give backing to, sup-
port, help (to the throne)
MnST'S yogosuru protect, defend, support,
safeguard
0 [original meaning] embrace, hold in one's
arms, hug
JStS’T'S hoyosuru embrace, hug, hold in
one's arms
0533
В1-3-13
► TURBID
DAKU nigo(ru) nigo(su)
Joyo	S16-3-13	K3489
D1900	®774	U6FC1
IcompoundsI
• turbid, muddy, doudy, impure
'ЖЖ dakuryu muddy stream
Д® dakushu unrefined sake	*
kondakushita turbid, thick,
muddy, cloudy
ЖЖ1 seidaku purity and impurity; good and
evil	t
suishitsuodaku	water pollution	£
[kun]	x
[nigoru become turbid [muddy,
impure]	f
nigori	turbidity, muddiness; voiced	J
sound; unrefined sake
S 0 7K nigorimizu muddy water
Я 0 ffi nigorizake unrefined sake
[nigosu JDTlrt make turbid [muddy],
make doudy	н
cST' Tatsu tori ato о
nigosazu It is an ill bird that fouls its
own nest
0534
E1-3-13
► VIOLENT
GEKI hage(shii)
Jdyd-6	S16-3-13	K2367
B0615	®776	U6FC0


10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 (acting with extreme force) violent, fierce,
vehement
0 sudden, rapid
a	gekiretsuna vehement, furious,
violent, severe
Ж‘1^ gekisen fierce [hard-fought] battle; hot
contest
gekitotsu crash, collision
S(1W gekijd violent emotion, passion
b gekihen sudden change, upheaval
Ж Jia gekizd sudden [rapid] increase
gekiddsuru shake violently; be
thrown into turmoil
kydgekina sudden, abrupt
0 (of great intensity) intense, violent, severe,
strong
gekika (=gekka) intensification,
199
0532-0534
Ез-13
1 ------------------:--------------------------
1	aggravation
gekisho high praise, unbounded admi-
ration
gekitsu violent [intense] pain
kagekiha extreme radicals
£ О excite, stimulate, stir up
gekirei encouragement
'	kangekisuru be deeply moved
Ф	-6 fungekisuru be inflamed by anger,
.	flare up
’	ЙЖ'Т'Ь shigekisuru stimulate, excite
7 [KUN]
[hageshii ЖЬИ]
«г О (acting with extreme force) violent, fierce,
1 vehement
L cS hageshisa intensity, severity
SdzHS hageshii kaze strong wind
0 (of great intensity) intense, violent, severe
hageshii kyoso hot competition
IHOMQPHONESI
hageshii vehement =>®2652
0535
В1-3-13
► THICK
NO ko(i)
7	Joyo	S16-3-13	K3927
85	C1199	®777	U6FC3
>	Ь' kr?
p	p p у	p p p
Рй Pj£ P^ P*	P**
p y) yr	Уг’У^ у%у	y^c
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also prefix]
О thick, concentrated, dense, heavy
ndko na thick, dense, heavy, rich
ЖЙЁ nodo density
noshuku concentration
JU® nomu dense [thick] fog
jJBSuZX nomitsuna thick; crowded
noryusan concentrated sulfuric acid
0 dark-colored, deep, rich
nokon dark blue, navy blue
— nogure dark gray
notan light and shade
noryokushoku dark green
[KUN]
[koi thick, concentrated, dense;
strong; thick-haired; dark-colored, deep
ЦЦ £ kosa depth (of color); thickness,
strength (as of coffee)
iUHX — 7° koisupu thick soup
komurasaki dark purple
0536
E1-3-13
► WATERWAY
REI RYO mio
Names	S16-3-13	K6326
D2726	®777.5	U6FAA
[KUN|
[mio waterway, water route, channel,
fairway for small boats
miotsukushi channel mark
mio о hiku leave a wake behind
0537
E1-3-13
► CATCH GAME
KAKU e(ru)
5	Joyo	S16-3-13	K1945
94	C1052	®779	U7372
r............rrrrrr
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] catch game, fish, hunt,
capture
gyokaku fishing; haul [catch] (offish)
hokakusuru catch (fish); capture
(a ship), seize
SL® rankaku reckless fishing, excessive
hunting
shukaku game; (good) result
0 obtain, get, acquire
SSflf'T-b kakutokusuru get, acquire, obtain
[KUN]
[eru Ж-6] CATCH GAME, hunt, fish
Ж®) emono game, spoils, catch, capture;
good luck, prize
0535-0537
200
[HOMOPHONESI
eru ACQUIRE =>0351
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with St harvest =^0844
3-14 Д
.	------------------------------------ 1
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 intimidate, frighten, threaten, scare
ikakusuru intimidate, threaten,
menace	n
► NEIGHBOR
RIN tona(ru) tonari
и 170	Joyo	S16-3-13	K4657
	Cl 154	. ®781	U96A3
0538
B1-3-13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (live or be situated close by) neighbor, adjoin
© NEiGHBORing, adjoining, adjacent
a SScLZt rinsetsu shita neighboring, adjoin-
ing, adjacent
b SU rinkoku neighboring country
IS Ж rinka neighboring house
SW rinson neighboring village
S A rinjin neighbor
ifiS kinrin neighborhood
[KUN]
[tonaru S <5 J neighbor, adjoin
IS ty tonariau adjoin, be next door to
each other
tonariawase no adjoining
[tonari IS] NEiGHBORing house, next door;
next-door neighbor; next seat
SO tonarino neighboring,adjacent
SjfiBT tonarikinjo neighborhood
hf-L-L ► INTIMIDATE
Pjlgf KAKU
0539	□	Joyo	S17-3-14	K1937
И1-3-14	30	D2149	®784	U5687
J in |p |p' |u+ |pi
.]	23456789
1°	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
► IMITATE
0540
В1-3-14
t	Joyo	S17-3-14	K2128
64	D2057	®788	U64EC
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] imitate, copy, mimic,
model after
giso camouflage, disguise
giji false, dummy, pseudo
ЙЖт giseigo onomatopoeic word
SI A gijin personification, impersonation
mogino imitation, sham, mock, simu-
lated
► RUB
SATSU su(ru) su(reru) -zu(re)
0541	1=	Joyo	S17-3-14	K2704
E1-3-14	64	C1588	®790	U64E6
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] rub
sakkasho abrasion, scratch
masatsusuru rub, chafe
masatsu friction; rubbing, chafing
[KUN]
[suru №&lvt
0 rub, chafe
© strike
а Ш ty (Я surikizu scratch, abrasion
201
0538-0541
Е 3-14
*1 ---------------------------------------------
1 b V'У	matchi о suru strike a match
[sureru	v/RUB, chafe, brush
п* □ sureau rub against each other,
p	jostle with
□ surechigau pass by each other,
£	brush past
kinuzure rustling (of clothes)
[-zure [also suffix] sore
kutsuzure shoe sore
tokozure bedsores
IHOMOPHONESI
suru
Ш POLISH =><8)3181
ЙГ =><8>693
®lj PRINT =>0853
0542
El-3-14
► LARGE WILD BIRD
KO GU otori Ц] hiroshi hiro
hitoshi
Names	SI 7-3-14	K2567
D2015	<8)792.5	U9D3B
ICOMPOUNDSI
* large wild BIRD such as a goose or swan
SSSF kdkoku wild swan; symbol of a great
man
[kun]
[otori Й8] LARGE WILD bird such as a crane
or white stork
IHOMOPHONESI
otori
Ж MALE PHOENIX =>1914
US MYTHICAL HUGE BIRD =>0752
0543
E1-3-14
► RINSE
TAKU
'7	Joyo	S17-3-14	K3485
85	D1789	<8)793	U6FEF
..FC "г ЕЧ ^=1 
I..I	[/ [/ p [/j/ |/ [/ ।
123456789
^33 T> зз^зэ^зз^ззуэзЬзз Т<зэ|
/ir
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSI
* [original meaning] rinse, wash, wash out
sentakusuru launder, wash
ЙЖЖ sentakuki washing machine
incorrect stroke-count
I ЛИ. =>see E1 -3-15: '7 at 0544
El-3-14
УГГГА ► EXCESSIVE
УЕ— RAN
UHL
7 85	Joyo	S18-3-15	K4584
	D2660	®801	U6FEB
				7	7	7	7	7
123456789								
7		7"	7~		Уг^упгу		У rm;	7jnx
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
О excessive, indiscriminate, extravagant,
inordinate, haphazard, reckless
ranzo excessive production, careless
manufacture
ranbatsu indiscriminate deforestation,
overcutting of forests
ranpi extravagance, money wasting
'iT%> ran'yd suru abuse, use to excess
shihei no ranpatsu excessive
[reckless] issue of bank notes
© [original meaning] overflow, flow over, inun-
date
Ъ hanran suru overflow, flood
0545
В1-3-16
► SHALLOWS
7	Joyo	S19-3-16	K3205
85	B0989	®806	U702C
[se Ш
0542-0545
202
0 SHALLOWS, shoal
0 rapids, torrent, swift current
a Sir4 seto strait, channel
SlPfe setomono pottery, china
Й1Ж asase shoal, shallows
ДЖ hayase rapids, swift current
b Ж <5 seo kudaru descend the rapids
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж RINSE =>0498
Я
0546
E1-4-1
► TAG
SATSU fuda
ж	Jdyd-4	S5-4-1	K2705
75	B0683	®817	U672D
-1 t Я
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 tag, plate, placard
0 ticket
а ЖЯ hyosatsu nameplate, doorplate
МЯ monsatsu doorplate, nameplate
Й&Я kansatsu license, certificate
b kensatsu examination of tickets
ЙЯ □ kaisatsuguchi ticket barrier [gate],
wicket
0 [also suffix] bill, paper money, bank note
ЯА^1 satsu ire billfold, wallet
ЯЖ satsutaba bundle of (bank) notes, wad
of bills
St* Я gansatsu (=nisesatsu) counterfeit pa-
per money, forged note
ЯНЯ sen'ensatsu 1000-yen bill
© tender, bid
АЯЯЪ nyusatsu suru tender, bid
?#Я rakusatsu successful bid
[INDEPENDENT!
[satsu Я] bill, paper money, bank note
Я Я ЛЛA satsu о kuzusu change a note
[KUN]
[fuda Я]
О [also suffix] tag, tab, label, card, placard;
billboard
Я & ft ['t'b fuda о tsukeru put a tag on,
label
4-1 E
---------------------------------------------- 1
ft Я nefuda price tag [mark, label]	1
АЯ tefuda visiting card, card
tF О Я mamorifuda paper charm
^зЯ nafuda nameplate	,
5±~СЯ tatefuda bulletin board
И Я shichifuda pawn ticket
0 playing card
W 0 Я kirifuda trump (card), last resort
► ETIQUETTE
► RITE
REI RAI [£] aya nori hiro
0547 D1-4-1	* 113	Joyo-3	S5-4-1	K4673
		Cl 175	®818	U793C
,7 |t It ItLI
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 etiquette, courtesy, propriety, manners,
ceremony
© [also suffix] courtesy bow, salutation
а ЯЖ reigi etiquette, courtesy, propriety,
manners
Яйр reisetsu courtesy, etiquette
Я A reishiki etiquette, manner
А Я shitsurei impoliteness, rudeness; bad
manners; I beg your parden/Goodbye
b ЯйЗ reiho salute gun
—Я ichirei bow, greeting; courtesy
§&Я keirei salutation, salute, bow
^>Я eiyorei salute of guards of honor
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] rite, ceremony,
ritual, religious service
ЯЯЕ reifuku ceremonial dress
ЯЯ konrei wedding ceremony
ё£Я senrei baptism
ШЬ chorei morning gathering
Й.А“Р*Я rittaishirei ceremonial of institut-
ing the Crown Prince
00 thanks, gratitude, appreciation
0 monetary gift, remuneration, reward
а ЯЭД reijo letter of thanks
Я^ reikin reward, fee, honorarium
b ШЯ sharei remuneration, reward; thanks
Ж Я hen rei return present; return call
[INDEPENDENT!
[rei Я]
203
0546-0547
Е 4-2
О bow, salutation
reiosuru salute, make a bow; re-
ward, remunerate
r © etiquette, courtesy, propriety
reioshissuru be impolite
[disrespectful]
ъ © thanks, appreciation
orei thanks, appreciation; reward; gift,
return present
itl * 054 L E1-4	Г	► SIMPLE К BOKU			
	«	* -2	75	Joyo	S6-4-2	K4349
		D1672	®819	U6734
				
	t 4 WI			
1	2	3	4	5	6 [COMPOUNDS!				
© simple, unadorned, plain
tbnftx bokutotsu rugged honesty
thBZi bokuchokuna simple and honest,
artless, naive
sobokuna simple, naive, artless
shitsubokuna simple, plain, unso-
phisticated
0549
И1-4-2
► DESK
Ki tsukue
	Joyo-6	S6-4-2	K2089
75	D1746	®820	U673A
' t 1 M
1	2	3	4	5	6
[COMPOUNDS!
© desk, table
Ш-Ь kijo top of desk; academic, theoretical
kihen around the desk [table]
ШТ kika under the desk
[kun]
[tsukue fflj [also suffix] desk, table
benkyozukue (writing) desk
ЖЙ^Л jimuzukue office desk
► DECAY
KYU ku(chiru)
055< E1-4- r	iT	J 2		* 75		Joyo	S6-4-2		K2164
					D1910	®821		U673D
								
		1		j;				
1	2	!	3		4	5	6					
[COMPOUNDS! © [original meaning] decay, rot kyuhaisuru decay, be dilapidated [ruined] )8j;|'77 fukyu deterioration, decay гдкуй superannuation, decrepitude fukyu no immortal, undecaying, eternal |KUN| [kuchiru	DECAY, rot kuchiba decayed leaves kuchihateru decay completely, rot away; rust away; rusticate oneself								
?! 055 E1-4-	I		► ROW RETSU					
	1 2		IJ 18		Jdyd-3	S6-2-4		K4683
					B0904	®824		U5217
				?'J
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
О [also suffix] row, line, file, rank; series
gybretsu procession, queue; matrix
keiretsu order, succession; series
senretsu line of battle
joretsu rank, grade, order
tosasuretsu arithmetical progres-
sion [series]
© arrange in a ROW, line up
ressha (railway) train
^IJS retto archipelago
^l]^ rekkyo enumeration, listing
Ъ sei retsu suru stand in a row, line
up
chinretsu suru exhibit, display
0548-0551
204
4-2 [J
[INDEPENDENT]
[retsu ЭД] row, line, file, rank
ЭД retsu о tsukuru form a line [row]
fl"
0552
U1-4-2
► LAMP
TO hi [Ц akari
Joyo-4	S6-4-2	K3784
Cl 545	®825	U706F
 ' О гrr
12	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [also suffix] [original meaning] lamp, light,
lantern
todai lighthouse; oil-lamp stand
fl*A toka light, lamplight
АГ'ТЙ tdyu kerosene, lamp oil
ША dentd lamp, electric light
Wfl" gaito street lamp
Ж fl" bito taillight
lit ЮТ keikoto fluorescent lamp [light]
[kun]
[hi fl*] (source of illumination) light, lantern,
LAMP
fl* fl hi о tsukeru turn on the light
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ffifl*A chochin paper lantern
[HOMOPHONES]
hi FIRE =^>2159
0553
E1-4-2
► SKIN
hada
я 130	Joyo	S6-4-2	K4009
	D1662	®827	U808C
]...fl......fl.fl...flJ...fl/L
1	2	3	4	5	6
[KUN]
[hada ЯЯ]
OO skin, body
0 surface; grain (of wood)
a Mfl hadami body
ЯТИп hadagi underwear
ЯЛ^ТТЖ hadaoyurusu surrender one's '
chastity to a man
SJlfe hadairo flesh-color
Я^ЯЛ akahada abraded skin
b lllflJl yamahada surface of a mountain 1
It L V ^ЯЛ 0 Й" utsukushii hada no zai	7?
wood of fine grain
0 [suffix] turn of mind	£
gakushahada scholarly bent of mind Jj
IHOMOPHONESI	zn
hada W SKIN =>®3265
~	В
-HU	incorrect stroke-count	-n-
7JP	=>see El-4-3: Я at0564	'r
В1-4-2	£
► MARK
► SEAL
IN shirushi -jirushi Ц] капе
0554	П	Joyo-4	S6-2-4	K1685
D1-4-2	26	B0732	®828	U5370
Г r c £
..1....2...3....4....5....6..
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (visible sign) mark, imprint, sign
flTBP rakuin brand
0 imprint on the mind, make an impression
BP^ insho impression
0 print
BP®IJ insatsu printing
жЗВ-Р eiin phototype process, photoengraving
0 [also suffix] seal, stamp; seal impression
ВРЖ inkan personal seal
ВР^Й inzei royalty (on a book)
BP/ffi inshi (revenue) stamp
BMBP choin signing, sealing; signature
ГЙВР keshiin postmark, (postal) cancellation
mark
flBP fain (stamped) seal
АВРЖ'Ь din suru seal, affix a seal
SJBP kokuin carved seal, stamp
П'ДВР gomuin rubber stamp
fliiflP gizdin forged seal
[KUN]
[shirushi BP] mark, sign; symbol
205
0552-0554
Е 4-2
।	@ mejirushi mark, sign, landmark
yajirushi arrow (mark)
r [-jirushi -₽P] trademark, brand
ЦЁР yukijirushi Snow Brand
IHOMQPHONESI
shirushi levy =><8>683
в 0555
ff C1-4-2
► PENALTY
KEI
Joyo	S6-2-4	K2326
B0810	®830	U5211
© [also suffix] penalty, punishment, sentence
Ж1Й keibatsu penalty, punishment
Д1Ж keiki prison term
fflJW keiji (police) detective
keimusho prison
ffljffi keihd criminal law, penal code
Йffl shokei execution, punishment
kyukeisuru demand a sentence
(for the accused)
^EfflJ shikei capital punishment, death pen-
alty
koshukei death [execution] by hang-
ing
[INDEPENDENT!
[kei JPJ] penalty, punishment, sentence
JFlI Ъ kei ni fukusuru serve a sentence,
endure a penalty
[note]
★do not confuse with fll publish =>0139
Я5
El-4-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-4-3: £ at 0566
1
ICOMPOUNDSl
0556
E1-4-3
► OPPOSITE
► OPPOSE
TAI TSUI
Jdyd-3	S7-3-4	K3448
A0052	®831	U5BFE
O0 opposite, facing each other, opposed,
opposing
0 [original meaning] face (each other), con-
front
а ЙВ& taidan talk, tete-a-tete, interview; per-
sonal negotiation
taiwa dialogue, conversation
taigan opposite bank [shore]
йtaiza suru sit opposite each other
Йtaihen opposite side
taikyoku game of go [shogi]
b ЙЙ’Т-Ь taimen suru meet, face
sbtai relativity
00 oppose, confront (each other), counter
0 [also prefix] counter-, opposite, contra-,
anti-
a ЙXL tairitsu opposition, antagonism
taiko opposition, antagonism, rivalry;
counteraction
taiketsu confrontation, showdown
taisen waging war; competition
hantaisuru oppose, object (to)
tekitai hostility, antagonism
b taisaku countermeasure, counterplan
taian counterproposal
tsuigo (=taigo) antonym
МЙ/КЖО taisensuikan no antisubmarine
© (place in opposition and compare) oppose,
contrast
taisho object (of study), subject, target
taishd contrast, comparison; control
taihisuru contrast, compare
taito equality, parity
taishotekina symmetrical
zettaino absolute
sdtaisei riron theory of relativ-
ity
0 [also prefix] toward, to, in relation to, versus
ЙЖ taibei toward [with] America
M 0 tainichi toward [with] Japan
taigaino foreign; outside
ЙФВ1ШИЖ taichugoku kankei relations
with China
© cope with, treat, receive
0555-0556
206
4-3 E
Ъ taisho suru cope [deal] with, meet
?t)£ftЪ taio suru correspond to, answer to;
be equivalent; deal [cope] with
Йлй otai reception (of visitors); address
0 (two things of the same kind) pair, couple, set
Aft tsuiku couplet, antithesis
[INDEPENDENT!
[taisuru Aft 15]
О face (each other), confront
JzUd AftЪ пКЖ oka ni taisuru heya room
facing a hill
0 toward, to, in relation to
® ft A Id A L	W A Kare wa hito ni
taishite shinsetsu da He is kind to oth-
ers
0 as opposed to, in opposition to, against
□ nn ft A A ft 15 Ann ft kdgotai ni taisuru
bungotai literary style as opposed to
colloquial style
[tsui A] (two things of the same kind) pair,
couple, set
A ft ft <5 tsuininaru form a pair
0557
E1-4-3
► CRYPTOMERIA
sugi
*	Joyo	S7-4-3	K3189
75	C1004	®832	U6749
[sugi ft] cryptomeria, Japanese [Japan]
cedar, sugi
ft ft sugibayashi cryptomeria forest
fttfcft suginamiki avenue of cryptomerias
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] village, hamlet;
rural district
lt^ sonraku village, hamlet
Ж11 noson farm village, agricultural com-
munity
gyoson fishing village	j
JSHEIt muison doctorless village
[kun]
[mura It]	Я
Ф [also suffix] village, hamlet	J
© (unit of local administration) village
О suffix after names of villages	Я*
a It A murabito villager
It Ж murazato village
ltA5f murahachibu village ostracism
с ЛЖ11 yagimura Yagi Village
0559
E1-4-3
► GROVE
TO TO ZU mori
*	Names	57-4-3	K3746
75	D2121	®835	U675C
ICOMPOUNDSI
О shut out, stop, prevent
Itffift Ъ tozetsusuru be stopped, be inter-
rupted, cease
0 careless
ttSTft zusanna careless, slipshod, faulty
[KUN]
[mori Ii] grove, small woods (esp. sur-
rounding temples or shrines)
Sift CD|i chinjunomori grove of the village
shrine
I HOMOPHONES]
mori Й thick woods => 1602
0558	*	Joyo-1	S7-4-3	K3428
E1-4-3	75	A0230	®834	U6751
t t t ww
2	3	4	5	6	7
0560
В1-4-3
► TIMBER
► MATERIAL
ZAI
7k	Jdyo-4	S7-4-3	K2664
75	B0537	®836	U6750
I t .1 ft lt.lt
2	3	4	5	6	7
207
0557-0560
Е 4-3
1 ,	------------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] timber, lumber, wood
Й" A zaimoku timber, lumber, wood, logs
АЙ mokuzai wood, timber, lumber
ДЙ ryozai good timber
ШЙЖ seizaigyd lumbering [sawing] indus-
J	try
,00 [also suffix] material, raw material
7	© (written) MATERIALS, data
Л а ЙЖ zaishitsu material properties; lumber
, quality
Я й"$4 zairyd material, matter, stuff; factor,
element
ЖЙ sozai material; subject matter
/ ЯЙ kozai steel materials, structural steel
ЖЙ shizai materials
A b ®Й kyozai teaching materials [aids]
ЖЙ" shuzai collection of data [materials],
gathering of news
© ability, talent
zaiki talent, ability
АЙ jinzai (man of) talent, capable man
tC	incorrect stroke-count
4 J	=>see E1-4-2: I at 0550
E1-4-3
► NINE
KYU KU Щ hisa tama
0561
В1-4-3
5	Names	S7-4-3	K2274
96	D2570	®839.5	U7396
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 nine—used in legal documents and checks
SAtHAAW F4til kinkyuman
sanzen nihyaku en nari the sum of
ninety three thousand two hundred yen
► COMPANY
► SOCIETY
SHA yashiro HO mori koso
0562	$	Jbyb-2	S7-4-3	K2850
E1-4-3	113	A0020	®840	U793E
	7	1	1	1-	1+	Ii
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] company, firm, corporation;
office
it Jt shain staff member, employee
itJS shachd president (of a company)
itffl shadan corporation, association
Ait kaisha company, corporation, firm
Ait kosha public corporation
Ait nyusha entering [joining] a company
Ait honsha head office, this office; head
shrine, this shrine
9fMit shinbunsha newspaper office
ttiJSit shuppansha publishing company
00 society, community, the public, the
world
0 social, socialism; Socialist Party
a it A shakai society, the world
it A A shakaijin (full-fledged) member of
society
it A?4^ shakai-kagaku social sciences
it3£ shako social intercourse, society
it5£M££ shakotekina sociable, friendly
b Ki±3£ minshatd Democratic Socialist Party
0 Shinto shrine
it® shaden Shinto shrine
Wit jinja Shinto shrine
l&it soja shrine enshrining several gods
Wit jisha shrines and temples
ЖЯ Ait izumotaisha The Grand Shrine of
Izumo
[kun]
[yashiro it] Shinto shrine
Й 04oit mura no oyashiro village shrine
0563
E1-4-3
► LIVER
KAN kimo
я	Joyo	S7-4-3	K2046
130	C1197	<8>841	U809D
I л л Я Я' Г ЯТ
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] liver
FFK kanzo liver
JffSl kan'yu liver oil
0561-0563
208
FF^ kan'en hepatitis
0 main part, essence
FFI?XZ£ kanjinna vital, essential, main
FF1<A kan'ydna important, vital, essential,
necessary
[KUN]
[kimo FFJ liver; inner heart; pluck, guts,
courage, nerve
FR^IS kimo ni meijiru be deeply im-
pressed
FFozE kimottama pluck, courage
FF^^p4^^" kimo о hiyasu be struck with
terror
0564
В1-4-3
► PHONETIC [na]
NA Щ da tomo
P	Names	S7-3-4	K3865
163	C1442	®843	U90A3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 used PHONETically for na, esp. in the trans-
literation of Sanskrit Buddhist terms or
names
S.3I5 danna master, husband, patron, protec-
tor; sir; [original meaning] donor
ЙГЖ setsuna moment, instant; ksana (1/75
of a second)
0565
E1-4-3
► SHAPE
KEI GYO kata -gata katachi
Jdyd-2	S7-3-4	K2333
A0413	®846	U5F62
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] [original meaning] shape, material
form, figure
keijo shape, form, configuration
F^ts keitai shape, form, structure, morphol-
ogy
keishiki form, model, formality
F^lCW keishikiteki formal
13 F£ zukei figure, diagram
faff? taikei form, figure
4-3 Д
--------------------------------------------- 1
kyOkei globular shape	1
henkeisuru change shape, trans-
form
AF£ ningyd doll
HAF£ chohokei rectangle
3^ Я F£ 0 hangetsukeino semicircular, cres-
cent-shaped
0 appear in visible form, manifest	5
Ъ keiseisuru form, make up, mold
keiyosuru qualify, modify	0
F^B*| keiydshi adjective	Я
[kun]	Я
[kata	jf
O0 shape, form; pattern, design	±
0 marks, traces
katadoru model after, represent	5
kata да kuzureru lose shape,
get out of shape
Fts F^ hanagata floral pattern; star, lion; lead-
ing, popular, favorite
b F^JiL katami keepsake, memento
0 security, pledge
F£ tegata promissory note; hand print
[-gata [also suffix] -SHAPEd
@PF^0 tamagogatano egg-shaped
^F^0 yumigatano arched, crescent-
shaped
[katachi J^] shape, form
katachizukuru form, shape, make,
mold
IHOMOPHONESI
kata 5У TYPE =>1685
katadoru phenomenon =>®2134
-gata S type =>1685
katachi §ЙХ =><8)1556
► STATE
► JAPAN
НО Щ kuni
0566	|5	Joyo	S7-3-4	K4314
E1-4-3	163	B0848	®847	U90A6
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
О state, country, nation
209
0564-0566
Е 4-3
*1 -------------------------------------------
1	®И meiho ally, allied powers
ЖЙ toho eastern country, Oriental nation;
the Orient
yQhd friendly nation, ally
Й1Я5 renpd federation, confederation, union
honpo this [our] country
ДЯ$A ihdjin foreigner, alien
© JAPAN, OUr Country
%	И A hojin Japanese, fellow countryman
п Я^Ж hbgaku Japanese music
0567
5 E1-4-3
► EGG
RAN tamago
П	Joyo-6	S7-2-5	K4581
26	C1351	®849	U5375
' C £ $
1.....2....3....4....5....6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] egg; spawn, roe
Ййх ran каки eggshell
ЗРЖ ran'6 yolk
keiran (hen's) egg
Й5Р sanran egg-laying, spawning
[KUN]
[tamago 9PJegg
5Р4Й cf tamagoyaki fried egg, omelette
[HOMOPHONES]
tamago =>2166,2125
I'Jr
0568
El-4-4
► PLACE
► PARTICLE OF
NOMINALIZATION
SHO tokoro -tokoro dokoro
p	Jdyd-3	S8-4-4	K2974
63	A0124	®851	U6240
1	2	3	4	5
[compounds!
O0 (portion of space) place, spot, point, part
© [also suffix] place for specific purpose,
dwelling place, facilities, quarters
а ШЯг basho place, spot, site; space, room
®Яг kasho place, spot, point; part
{ЗЕЯт jusho one's dwelling, address
зЙЯг kin jo neighborhood
^пЯт meisho noted place, sights, scenic place
—‘ЯГ®	isshokenmei ni for life, with all
one's might
НлЯт shussho origin, source; release from
prison
Ь {МЯТ benjo lavatory, bathroom
{^§?Яг teiryujo (bus) stop, station
{^^Яг kyukeijo resting room [place], lounge
© [also suffix]
© place for conducting specific activities: office,
bureau, organization, institution, insti-
tute, agency
© place equipped with facilities for specific task:
plant, station, factory, facilities
а Ягй shocho head, chief, manager
{хЯт yakusho public [government] office
АЯтЗГ<Б nyushosuru enter (an institute);
be put in prison
ЖЙЯт jimusho office, one's place of busi-
ness
И^ъЯг kenkyujo (=kenkyusho) research
laboratory [institute]
ЖВДЯт saibansho court of justice, court-
house
ЯГ hokenjo public health center
Ь^ШЯг hatsudensho power plant, generat-
ing station
ййЯНЯТ zosenjo dockyard, shipbuilding yard
Яг seisakusho factory, works, plant
© PARTICLE OF NOMINALIZATION, function
word for turning verbs into nouns
ЯгД yuen(=shoi) reason; way of doing
Ят^Т-Ь shoyQsuru have, own, possess
Ят/ЖЧГshozoku suru belong to, be at-
tached to
ЯП# shotoku income, earnings
ЯгИ shomb desire, wish
ЯтШ shoshin one's belief, one's opinion
ЯтЙЕ shozai whereabouts, position, situation
ЯТЙ shokatsu jurisdiction
0 point, feature
£йЯТ tansho shortcoming, defect
ЖЯТ kyusho vital part; vital point, tender
spot
[KUN]
[tokoro Яг]
0567-0568
210
00 place, spot, site; part; room, space;
district
0 one's place, one's house, one's address
a RJfRJf tokorodokoro here and there, at places
tokorookaeru change places,
change sides
idokoro one's address [residence], one's
whereabouts
"п ЙТ daidokoro kitchen
ьЙГеэсГ tokorogaki one's address
©0 time, moment
0 occasion, case
a hayaitokoro promptly
imanotokoro at present
Ш V	V ^Eff	Kaite iru tokoro da I am
writing now
ft ZtEJT Zl Kare wa ima kita tokoro
da He has just arrived
b	tokoro kamawazu irrespective of
the occasion, indiscriminately
О [in the form of Ё9т tokoro to naru]
function word indicating the passive voice
Л О	З^Е^Т Zi <5 hito no копоти tokoro
to naru be liked by people
00 [in the form of HffZE tokoro да] but, how-
ever, on the contrary
© [in the form of ЕЛ T tokoro de] well, now,
by the way, incidentally
а Eff ZE'AIA LA Tokoro да shippai shita
Nevertheless, I failed
b E/f Tof T'Tfa Tokoro de neko wa
suki desu ka By the way, do you like
cats?
[ tokoro -EJf]
О counter for PLACES
zsEjf mitokoro three places
0 literary counter for people
Eft miyasamaofutatokoro two
Imperial princes
[dokoro RJf ] anything but, far from; not to
mention
shitsubo suru dokoro ka far
from being disappointed
# V * E)f ©II cS 15 Z£ H Atsui dokoro no
sawagi ja nai "Hot" isn't the word
[SPECIAL READINGS!
k iwayuru what is called, so-called
sei consequences, outcome; influence
[HOMOPHONES]
tokoro DEAL WITH =>1918
4-4 Д
---- 1
0569
El-4-4
► JOYFUL
KIN GON [£] yoshi kon yasushi
fr
76
Names	S8-4-4	K2253
D2011	®852	U6B23
0
[COMPOUNDS!	|
0 [original meaning] joyful, glad, happy	l
/ЙЖ kin'etsu gladness,joy	л
A kinzen to joyfully, gladly	J=V
kinkijakuyaku suru dance ф
[jump] for joy	T
kinkai great pleasure	%
Й 0570	► LET GO HO hana(su) -(p)pana(shi) hana(tsu) hana(reru)				Я к p
	in	Joyo-3	S8-4-4	K4292	
В1-4-4	66	A0274	®853	U653E	7
					
[.’	L 17	2				
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	
ICOMPOUNDSl					
O0 (set free) let go, release, free
0 send away, exile
а	hdryusuru discharge; stock (a
river) with (fish)
hoboku pasturage, grazing
hokago afterschool
kaihosuru release, set free
shakuhosuru releasejiberate,
discharge, acquit
b	hochikusuru expel, banish, expa-
triate
ft® hokd expulsion from school
jjsft'^'b tsuihosuru banish, purge, exile
00 let things GO, let alone, leave as it is
0 let oneself go, do as one pleases
а ft{£'ТЪ honin suru leave (a matter) to take
its own course, leave (a person) to him-
self
ftfiSTT-b hdchisuru leave alone, neglect,
leave as it is
JfyjL' hoshin absence of mind, abstraction
211
0569-0570
J 4-4
1
F
Jt
Я
0
t
*
И-
я
к
p
$
kaihosuru open, leave open
b hodan random [irresponsible] talk
hotdsuru live fast, throw one’s
money away
ii?S: hord wandering, roaming
^?iiZ£ honpona wild, extravagant; free-
spirited
shitai-hodai as one pleases, at
will
!l?iiEIZ£ nohozuna unrestrained, unruly
@0 (give off in all directions) radiate, emit,
emanate, broadcast
0 let out, discharge, excrete
а ii WT-b hosha suru radiate, emit, emanate
ii^t hoko emission of light
ЙЛ hoei telecasting
hoso broadcasting
Й ji minpd commercial broadcast
b ii/k hosui discharge, drainage
iiffix hohi breaking wind
0 toss away, throw away, cast away
iiflt hdki abandonment, resignation
0 set off, set fire to
ii>k'T-2) hdka suru set fire to
[KUN]
[hanasu iiTJ
0 (set free) let go, release, free, turn loose
0 (release one’s hold) let go (one's hold of),
leave go
a tfC ЫЯ H hanashigai grazing; letting (a
dog) run free
b JRLiilT mihanasu desert, abandon, give up
tebanasu release [let go] one's hold
[-ppanashi -o ii L ] [verbal suffix] colloq
leaving something as it is
^19 O® L yarippanqshi leaving alone,
negligence
fUH'oii'T akeppanasu leave open
SHf О ii L	Ъ kakeppanashi ni suru
leave (the radio) on
[hanatsu iiO ] emit, give out, send forth;
discharge, fire, let fly; set free, release
HF '^ii'O hoko о hanatsu give out [off]
fragrance
fl* V^ifcO iihanatsu declare, avow, venture
to say
^iRsii'S) ippatsu hanatsu have a shot;
break wind
[hanareru iitl<5] free oneself of, get free
® x	ii tlZi Okami да kusari о
hanareta The wolf freed itself of its
chain
IHOMOPHONESI
hanasu № separate =>1195
hanareru St SEPARATE =>1195
0571
В1-4-4
► AT
0 oi(te) o(keru)
£	Names	S8-4-4	K1787
70	D2284	®854	U65BC
[kun]
[oite
О at, in, on—in reference to time or place
ЖЖ^^Т tokyonioite in Tokyo
0 as for, on one's part
*^*0^ i^T sono ten ni oite on that point,
in that respect
[okeru W3]in,AT
nihonniokeru
gaikokujin foreigner in Japan
IHOMOPHONESI
oite Jef DISPOSE =>®502
0572
E1-4-4
► BRIGHT
► CLEAR
MEI MYO a(kari) aka(rui)
aka(rumu) aka(ramu) aki(raka)
a(keru) -a(ke) a(ku) a(kuru)
a(kasu) И0 aki akira toru akeshi
haru toshi
0	Jdyd-2	S8-4-4	K4432
72	A0074	®855	U660E
I П В В BJ 0J] Bj]B^
..1...2	..3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] bright, brilliant, light
0 (of colors) BRIGHT, light
0 (of cheerful disposition) bright, cheerful
а ВД Л meigetsu bright moon, full moon;
harvest moon
0571-0572
212
ВДЖ. myojo Venus
ВДЙа meian light and dark; contrast
shomei illumination, lighting
senmeina vivid, clear
b meishoku bright [light] color
ЕЯЙЁ meido lightness, value of color
с	meirdna cheerful, bright; clean
(politics)
0 CLEAR-sighted, bright, discerning, intelli-
gent, wise
meitetsu wisdom, sagacity; wise man
meisatsu discernment, insight
kenmeina wise, intelligent; sensible
someina sagacious, wise, sharp,
mentally acute
fumei lackof sagacity [foresight], igno-
rance; missing persons
hatsumeisuru invent, devise
©0 (free from doubt) clear, lucid, distinct,
evident, obvious, explicit, manifest
© make clear, clarify, throw light on, prove,
demonstrate
а meikakuna clear, precise, distinct
meiji Meiji era
ВДпВ'Х'Ь meikisuru write clearly, specify
ЙВД hydmei manifestation, demonstration
fumei na obscure, unknown
ЙВД0 jimeino self-evident,obvious
komei-seidai na fair, just
5СВД bunmei civilization, culture
t> ЩЕВД shomei proof, evidence, verification
setsumeisuru explain, illustrate
0 [also prefix] next, the coming (day or year)
В mydnichi (=ashita, asu) tomorrow
myonen next year
myochd tomorrow morning
ВДВ® myoban tomorrow night
mydnendo next (fiscal) year
ВДЙс В myogonichi (=asatte) day after to-
morrow
0 daybreak, dawn
reimei dawn, daybreak, beginning (of a
new age)
ткВД mimei early dawn, the gray ofthe morn-
ing
[KUN]
[akari	light, glimmer; lamp
4-4 и
-------------------------------------------- 1
ВЯ О akarishoji paper screen door for 1
admitting light
V usuakari faint light, half-light of
early morning	2Z
[akarui	bright, light; light (color); P
clear, uncorrupt; (of cheerful disposition) bright,
cheerful	.
ВД Ъ $ akarusa brightness; cheerfulness
ВД Ъ	akarui seiji clean politics 0
[akarumu ВД <5 tV] BRiGHTen; be cheered up
<5 ffi iT akarumi ni dasu bring to ,
light, make public	*
tV Sora ga akarumu The sky	j=!p
brightens
[akaramu ВД btV] BRiGHTen	Ф
[akiraka ВД ЬТМ	%
akiraka na ВД clear, distinct, appar- ।
ent, obvious, unquestionable; bright, cheerful
ВД 6ЙМС7Тakiraka nisuru clarify; dis- К
close,	make public	p
ВД	akiraka najijitsu obvious
fact	7
[akeru	—
О dawn, become light, break
ВД W ake dawn; expiration
yoake dawn, daybreak
0 (ofthe new year) begin, open
Akemashite omedeto gozaimasu
Happy New Year
toshiake beginning oftheyear
0 [in compounds] disclose, reveal
1715 ВД uchiakeru confide in (someone),
reveal, disclose
[-ake -ВД W*] [also suffix] end, expiration
imiake end of mourning
гепкуйаке end of vacation
[aku 0Ж1
О one's eyes open, regain sight
0^0Я< me да aku regain sight
0 (of clothing) be opened (at the back)
HZzfllx senoaitafuku garment
open at the back
0 gap
ВД gS aki gap, aperture space; vacancy; free
time
213
0572
E 4-4
1 ---------------------------------------------
1 [akuru < <5 ] next, following
<5 0 akuru hi the following day
[akasu fflZpff]
F О [also suffix] spend (the night), stay up all
ff
в
н-
ф
я
к
I
night (doing something)
nomiakasu drink the night
away
Й tn V ВД yo о katariakasu talk the
night away
0 disclose, reveal
K'S?	himitsu о akasu disclose a
secret
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ВД 0 asu tomorrow
0 ashita tomorrow
0 A asatte day after tomorrow
IHOMOPHONESI
akaramu RED =>1389
akeru
SKY =>1418
HH OPEN =>2092
aku
SKY =>1418
Iff] OPEN =>2092
aki ac SKY =>1418
► ENERGETIC
6 saka(n) [Ц akira hikaru
ICOMPOUNDSI
0573
E1-4-4
0	Names	S8-4-4	K1802
72	D2247	®855.5	U65FA
0 energetic, vigorous; flourishing
IFE§n?Z£ oseina vigorous, in a flourishing
condition
[KUN]
[sakan BIAJ
sakan na 01/uZS vigorous, energetic, lively
й Л Z^'EE hjtz. seiryoku да sakan da be full
of energy [vigor]
IHOMOPHONES]
sakan na & prosperous =>1717
0574
E1-4-4
► CUP
HAI sakazuki
7^	Joyo	S8-4-4	K3953
75	C1144	®857	U676F
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] wine cup, cup, glass,
goblet
0 counter for cupfuls, glassfuls, bowlfuls or
spoonfuls
a ^zff kinpai gold cup [goblet]
Sff kuhai bitter ordeal
Kiff shukuhai a toast
$£ff kanpai a toast
b ~^ff ippai a cup (as of tea), a glass (as of
beer)
^Zlff cha nihai two cups of tea
JtJ'SSH.ff satosanbai three spoons of sugar
0 [also suffix] prize cup, trophy
Mff shdhai prize cup, trophy
|§ff shihai trophy given by the Emperor
[Prince]
irff dehai Davis Cup
ffifl^ff yOshohai championship cup, trophy
0 degree of fullness, capacity
~^ff ippai fullness
ffiff manpai full to capacity
[kun]
[sakazuki ff ] wine cup, sake cup
ff sakazuki о hosu drink the cup dry
0575
В1-4-4
► BOARD
► PLATE
HAN BAN ita
*	Jdyd-3	S8-4-4	K4036
75	B0914	®858	U677F
—				Г	r	&	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] (sheet of wood) board,
plank
keijiban notice board
0573-0575
214
4-4 E
ЖШ kokuban blackboard
Wfiz kanban signboard, sign
kanpan (=kdhan) deck
0 [also suffix] (sheet of hard material, esp. metal)
plate, sheet, slab, tablet
teppan iron [steel] plate
kbhan steel plate
toshuban pitcher's plate
[kun]
[ita tR] board, plank; panel, plate; the
boards, stage
tRWtl itakire piece of wood, scrap lumber
P Ш toita wooden door [shutter]
manaita chopping board
Ш (3 * < ita ni tsuku be at home (on the
stage)
0576
E1-4-4
► COUNTER FOR FLAT THINGS
MAI [Ц hira
*	Joyo-6	S8-4-4	K4371
75	B0966	®859	U679A
- t t t > m
12	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
• counter for thin flat things, as sheets
(of paper), boards, leaves (of a book), pages,
articles of clothing, panes, etc.
maisu number of flat things
kamigomai five sheets of paper
juen-kitte gomai five10-yen
stamps
0577
В1-4-4
► FOREST
RIN hayashi Ц] shige shigeru
	Jdyd-1	$8-4-4	K4651
75	B0580	®861	U6797
1	2	3
[compounds!
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] forest, woods,
grove
© FORESTry
Лй ringyo forestry
ttitl rindo path through a forest, trail
through the woods
ringo apple
shinrin forest, woodland
llltt sanrin mountains and forests; forest on
a mountain
kyorin doctor
Йлй mitsurin close thicket, dense forest,
jungle
eirin forest management
zorin afforestation, reforestation
genshirin primeval forest
b Utt norm agriculture and forestry
[kun]
[hayashi Hl [also suffix] small woods, grove,
thicket
fett matsubayashi pine forest
^t^tt zdkibayashi thicket of assorted trees
1
F
JT
В
*
Jt
$
*
Я
IX
f.r*-	► ANALYZE ТЯ s.„				F
0578	* E1-4-4	75	Joyo	S8-4-4	K3247	
	C1095	®862	U6790	
' ft t ft t ..Or. 1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8 ICOMPOUNDSl				
0 (separate an abstract entity into parts) analyze,
dissect
bunseki analysis
kaiseki analysis, analytical research
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with iff break off =>0189
к 0579 £ 1-4-4	► BRANCH SHI eda d e			
	* 75	Joyo-5	S8-4-4	K2762
		C1297	®863	U679D
t	it	It.		It		It~t		
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl 0 [original meaning] branch, twig				
215
0576-0579
Е 4-4
।	shiyo branches and leaves; minor details
shidarezakura weeping cherry
r WK yoji tooth pick
[eda KJ branch, twig
KW 0 edakiri pruning
>5/ КЖ edaha branches and leaves; minor de-
„	tails
f -T/A
* nA
* 0580
Ф И1-4-4
► PINE
SHO matsu
*	Jdyd-4	S8-4-4	K3030
75	A0397	®864	U677E
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
• PINE
shochikubai pine-bamboo-plum;
congratulatory tree decorations
WtRfft shokon'yu pine oil
[kUn]
[matsu WJ pine
WK matsubayashi pine forest
W^l matsuba pine needle
Wl?x matsutake matsutake mushroom
MW kadomatsu pine decorations (for New
Year's)
0581
В1-4-4
► PIVOT
su
	Joyo	S8-4-4	K3185
75	D1838	®865	U67A2
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (central part) pivot, center
suyona pivotal, cardinal
ЖЙИ sujikukoku the Axis Powers
suki most important affairs (of state)
sumitsu secret government affairs
ФЖ chusu pivot, center
► FRAME
waku
0582 П1-4-4	* 75	Joyo	S8-4-4	K4740
		B0938	®866	U67A0
I:	t	it 1	2	3	4	1Я 5	6	7	8	
1	2
[kun]
[waku $*]
O0 frame, framework
0 [original meaning] spool, reel
a	waku о tsukeru frame, set a
frame
wakugumi framework, frame
madowaku window frame, sash
b itowaku spool
0 FRAMEwork, limits, confines, bounds
W о Zi waku ni hamatta stereo-
typed
wakunai within the limits [framework]
0583
E1-4-4
► FURNACE
RO
Joyo	S8-4-4	K4707
C1319	®869	U7089
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 FURNACE, kiln
0 reactor
a iWj'Jp кого blastfurnace
tenro rotary kiln
№№№ yokdro smelting [blast] furnace
SMfr1 denkiro electric furnace
KStfr3 hansharo reverberatory furnace
kansoro drying kiln
nenshoro combustion furnace
b roshin reactor core
genshiro nuclear reactor
keisuiro light-water reactor
0 [original meaning] hearth, fireplace
tpS robata fireside
0580-0583
216
roshd hearth
Kfr3 danro fireplace, stove
kairo pocket heater
кого incense burner
№Ж irori hearth sunk in the floor
№.
0584
D1-4-4
► COOK
SUI ta(ku) -da(ki) Hj i
к	Joyo	S8-4-4	K3170
86	D1728	®870	U708A
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [original meaning] cook, boil
ft Ж suiji cooking
ftj# suifu cook, kitchenmaid
§ ft jisui cooking food for oneself
[KUN]
[taku ft < ] cook, boil
ftcfAAffllffi takikomigohan rice sea-
soned and cooked with various ingredi-
ents
ft^ttiL takidashi distribution of boiled
rice (in emergency)
fixft gT meshitaki cooking rice; kitchenmaid,
cook
^ft^ nitaki cooking
[-daki -ft of ] suffix indicating cooKing
capacity
“U 'У bJl/ftcfO ichirittorudakino hav-
ing a cooking capacity of one liter
IHOMOPHONESI
taku =>02778
0585
E1-4-4
► PRINTING PLATE
► PUBLISHING
HAN
H-	Jdyd-5	S8-4-4	K4039
91	B0767	®872	U7248
£й.rr>M
О [also suffix] printing plate, printing block,
4-4 Д
----------------------------------------------- 1
wood block
I® Ж hangi (printing) block, woodcut
)®@ hanga woodcut print
?S)® kappan printing, typography	—
Д1Ж toppan letterpress, relief printing	'
Affix mokuhan wood block printing, wood Jr
engraving
genshokuban heliotype
И^р-ffix tdshaban mimeograph	0
О publishing, printing	j
ffiXTt hanmoto publisher
I® Ж hanken copyright	£
Huffix shuppan publishing; publication
WffixftЪ saihan suru reprint
О [also suffix] edition, impression, printing
Ж shohan first edition	%
ЖЙХ juhan second printing, reprint; second	«
edition	°
ЙЁ^/J® chihoban local edition	g
ftztiffix ketteiban authoritative edition; last	„
word	Г
[INDEPENDENT!	4
[han I®] edition, impression, printing	«
J® & -S han о aratameru revise an edi-
tion
0586
E1-4-4
► PASTURE
BOKU maki Щ moku mai
4	Jdyd-4	S8-4-4	K4350
93	C1281	®873	U7267
i 4 W if-ifrlfe
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] (put cattle to pasture) pas-
ture, tend cattle, herd, shepherd, raise cat-
tle
ftW bokuchiku livestock farming, cattle
breeding
bokkatekina pastoral, idyllic
bokudd cowboy; shepherd
bokujin shepherd, herdsman
bokuyd sheep farming
hdbokusuru pasture, put to grass,
graze
yuboku nomadism
217
0584-0586
П 4-4
1 -------------------------------------------
О pasture, grazing land, meadow
ftifl bokujo stock farm, pasture
ft Ж bokusd pasture, grass
—	ftB? bokuya pasture land, ranch
' S&fttft hobokuchi grazing land, pasture
JT [KUN]
Lrnaki ft] pasture
q ft^ makiba pasture, grazing land, meadow
ft<£rflixH'<5lh) maki о kakeru кота horse
4	galloping in the pasture
0587
E1-4-4
ф
93
► THING
butsu motsu mono mono-
Joyo-3	S8-4-4	K4210
A0188	®874	U7269
$
! 14
1	2
P ICOMPOUNDSl
4 O® [also suffix] (inanimate material entity) thing,
k 4 object, article
0 (animate entity) living thing, life
0 [also suffix] commodity, goods, product
а *Йш buppin goods, article, commodity
buttai body, physical solid, object, sub-
stance
buttekina material, physical
1§^Й genbutsu (actual) thing; spot goods
ЯЛЙ kenbutsu sightseeing, visit
jitsubutsu real thing, actual object,
genuine article
Ж^Й fubutsu natural objects [features], scen-
ery; scenes and manners
nimotsu baggage, load
Ш^Й shomotsu book, volume
shogaibutsu obstacle, hurdle
b ®]^Й dobutsu animal
Ш^Й shokubutsu plant, vegetation
£4^ seibutsu living thing, life, organism
с 4M5 bukka prices (of commodities)
4ЙЖ busshi commodities, goods, resources
4ЙЙ bussan product, produce
meibutsu specialty, noted product
Й^^Й sanbutsu product, produce
Ж^Й kamotsu freight, cargo, goods
|£*Й kokumotsu grain, cereals
ШЖ^Й shuppanbutsu publication
0 [also suffix] substance, matter, material
^ЙЙ busshitsu matter, substance
ЙД^Й kobutsu mineral substance
W4^l dokubutsu poisonous substance, toxin
Ж^Й yakubutsu drugs, medicinal substances
4Ln'4^ kagobutsu (chemical) compound
^№1% yukibutsu organic matter
enkabutsu chloride
00 (abstract entity) thing(s), matter, affair,
something
0 physical phenomena, material world,
reality
а 4^'llt butsujo public feeling
4ЙШ££ bussdna dangerous, insecure, dis-
turbed
т^4Й kinmotsu taboo, prohibited thing
b 4Й§: butsuri physics; natural law
4ЙЖ busshd material phenomena; science of
inanimate nature
Й4Й^ hakubutsugaku natural history
0 (person distinguished by some characteristic)
character, person, man
Л4Й jinbutsu character; person, figure
Ж^Й nanbutsu hard character, person hard
to please; hard nut to crack, difficulty
{§^Й zokubutsu vulgar person, snob, Philis-
tine
Й£4Й ketsubutsu great man, outstanding fig-
ure
0 used phonetically for motsu
mottainai wasteful; be more than
one deserves
[KUN]
[mono *Й]
O0 [also suffix] (inanimate material entity) thing,
object, article, something
0 [also suffix] commodity, goods, product
О possession, property
а 4ЙВ monooki storeroom
monokage place behind something
Ж^Й tatemono building, structure
пп^Й shinamono article, thing, goods
Ф^Й honmono real thing [stuff], genuine ar-
ticle; expert performance
sono mono the very thing, the thing
itself
Is О 4Й okurimono present, gift
0587
218
orimono cloth, textile, fabric
yomimono reading matter, book
ЖЖ4Й sentakumono wash, washing, laun-
dry
urimono article for sale, offerings
hausumono vegetables grown in a
hothouse
c	gakkonomono school property
0 [also suffix] thing(s), matter, something, act
Win monogatari story, tale, legend
Йпё<5 monogataru tell a story; demon-
strate, prove
monogoto things, matter; everything
X) monoshiri well-informed person,
walking dictionary
waraimono object of ridicule, subject
of derision
ffil/4^ moydshimono (program of) enter-
tainments, amusements
ЖИ4Й kaimono shopping, marketing; pur-
chase
4Й О 4Й tori mono capture, arrest
[mono- 4Й-] somehow, in some way or other
monosugoi ghastly, weird; terrible,
tremendous
4^5 О monotarinai be somehow un-
satisfied, feel something wanting; be un-
satisfactory
IHOMQPHONESI
mono W PERSON =>2047
4-4 Ц
--------'--------------------------------- 1
iff *9 inorimotomeru pray for	1
IHOMQPHONESI
inoru SSX =>®1253	p—,
inori Йх =>®1253	of
0589
E1-4-4
► BLESSEDNESS	Jf
SHI	-
* 113	Joyo	S8-4-4	K2767
	C1054	®876	U7949
F’ F 4	*
..1....2...3....4...5....6....7	8	ffj
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] blessedness, happiness
teftt fukushi welfare	?
0590	► ANIMAL FAT BO				 я к p
	я	Joyo	S8-4-4	K4335	
E1-4-4	130	D2060	®877	U80AA	L--4
I Л Я Я Я'Я-^Я-У)»
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] animal fat, fat
JsflS shibd fat, grease
0588
E1-4-4
► PRAY
KI ino(ru)
	Joyo	S8-4-4	K2107
113	C1559	®875	U7948
0591
В1-4-4
► CLOTHES
► SUBMIT
FUKU m hatori
Я	Jdyd-3	S8-4-4	K4194
74	B0817	®878	U670D
7 t ? ОМЛйг
1____2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] pray
kito prayer
iff^JS'lT-?) kigansuru pray, implore
kinen prayer
[KUN]
[inoru iff <5 ] pray, wish for
iff 0 inori prayer
) Л И Я Я’ЯГЯРЖ
ICOMPOUNDSl
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
О [also suffix] clothes, clothing, dress, cos-
tume
SRS fukuso dress, garments, attire
fukushoku dress and its ornaments
yofuku (Western) clothes
зЯЙЙ gofuku dry goods; drapery
rfrJIR seifuku uniform, regulation uniform
ifuku clothes, dress, clothing
219
0588-0591
Е 4-4
1
F
JT
В
t
it
n-
я
к
shinshifuku men's suit
uchufuku spacesuit
©0 submit to, yield to, surrender; obey,
observe
©cause to submit
а ЯЙЙЁ fukuju obedience, submission
kuppukusuru bend in submission,
submit to, surrender, yield to
ЖЯВ shdfuku consent, acceptance
®ЯК kanpuku admiration, wonder
'FJE fufuku dissatisfaction, discontent; disa-
greement; objection; complaint
b 0Ж seifuku conquest, subjugation
kokufukusuru conquer, overcome,
subjugate
© take (medicine or tea)
fukuydsuru take (medicine)
fukudoku suru take poison
ЙЯВЖ naifukuyaku medicine for internal
use
Ж/О^ЕЛХИ^) mimiда koete iru have an
ear for music
[koe ЯЕ] manure, fertilizer; night soil
ЯЕЖх^А koekumi carrying night soil; night
soil man
ЯЕ®х^б koedame night soil vat
[koyasu ЯЕ^Т] manure, fertilize; fatten;
enrich oneself
Ж ^ЯЕ^Т uma о koyasu fatten a horse
ЙхЯМ^ЯЕ'^’Т shifuku о koyasu fill [stuff]
one's own pocket by taking advantage
of a position
[koyashi ЯЕ^Ь] manure; night soil
ЯЕ^ЬЙГ koyashioke night soil pail
0593
В1-4-4
P [INDEPENDENT!
► COMRADE
HO tomo
я	Names	S8-4-4	K4294
74	D1932	®880	U670B
[fuku IB] clothes, clothing, dress, costume
IcompoundsI
0592
E1-4-4
► FATTEN
HI ko(eru) koe ko(yasu)
ko(yashi) Щ yutaka
я	Jdyd-5	S8-4-4	K4078
130	0327	®879	U80A5
0 comrade, friend, companion, mate, fellow
ЯЯЖ hoyu friend, companion
hobai comrade, friend, associate
[KUN]
[tomo ЯЙ ] friend, companion, pal
IHOMOPHONESI
) Л Л Я ГГГЙЕ
IcompoundsI
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
О fatten, fat up, grow fat, make fat
ЯЕЛЬ/l hidaishita fat, enlarged
himansuru become obese
JEW hiiku fattening
©0 fatten the soil, fertilize, enrich
0 fertilizer
a iSJE sehi fertilization, manuring
b ЯЕН hiryd fertilizer, manure
ЖХЯЕ taihi barnyard manure
5&ЯЕ kinpi chemical fertilizer
[KUN]
[ koeru ЯЕ Л Ъ ] fatten, grow fat, grow
fertile; have a trained (eye or ear)
JEAsfc'b koefutoru grow fat
tomo
Ж FRIEND =>1873
Й JOINT =>1551
OFFER ^>0066
► LIMB
SHI
0594
E1-4-4
я	Joyo	S8-4-4	K2772
130	D1685	®882	U80A2
) fl fl fl IrlFWJS
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] (human or animal appendage)
limb, member, arm or leg
shitai limbs, members
kashi lower limbs, legs
0592-0594
220
4-4 П
ИК shishi limbs, legs and arms
tfjK zenshi forelimb, front leg
0595
И1-4-4
► BEAT
0 nagu(ru)
2	Joyo	S8-4-4	K1805
79	D1738	®886	U6BB4
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (strike a person) beat (up),
hit, strike, thrash
IScfT oda blow, beating
ВЖ'Т'б osatsusuru beat to death
[KUN]
[naguru ] beat up, beat, hit, strike,
thrash
naguritaosu knockdown
0 □"'S) naguriau fight, exchange blows
0 nagurikomi attack, raid
ШИх 0 yokonaguri side sweep, side blow
0596
В1-4-4
76	Joyo	S8-4-4	K1804
	B0510	®887	U6B27
ICOMPOUNDSl
• EUROPE
oshu Europe
obei Europe and America
©(ИЁ да Europe and Asia
obun foreign text
zen'd the whole of Europe
seid West Europe, the Occident
too East Europe
0597
El-4-4
► GATE
MON kado D to
PI	Joyo-2	S8-8-0	K4471
169	A0466	®888	U9580
1
I Г Г Г r Finn
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] [original meaning] gate, gateway,
entrance, door
Р^Р топко door, entrance; school
P^S monban gatekeeperjanitor
IEF^ seimon main gate, main entrance
tJPI komon school gate
tsuyomon side door
О field, branch, division
PI^OI mongaikan layman, outsider
WH senmon specialty, profession
q^P^ bumon class, group, division, depart-
ment, section; genus
{AP^ butsumon Buddhism; priesthood
0 (from the idea of people gathering under the
same gateway)
0 (persons under same teacher) pupil, disciple
0 (religious) sect, branch, school
a РЧТ^ monkasei disciple, pupil
PI^B montei pupil, disciple
nyumonsuru become a pupil of,
enter a private school
|r| P^ ddmon fellow pupil
b P^l/t monto sectarian, follower, believer
fRP1! hamon excommunication, expulsion
t^PI shumon religious sect
WP^ zenmon Zen sect
Jf
0
t
я-
Ф
Z
Я
к
p
4
0 family, clan
^&РЭ meimon distinguished [noted] family;
prestigious establishment
IINDEPENDENTl
[mon P^] gate, entrance, door
P^ 5H Н’-Ь топ о akeru open the gate
[KUN]
[kado P^] door, gate, gateway
РЧ Ш kadode departure, setting out
РЧ □ kadoguchi front door, entrance, gate-
way
221
0595-0597
Е 4-4
F 0598
Jf В1-4-4
► IS NOT
HI
	Jdyd-5	S8-8-0	K4083
175	B0514	®889	U975E
*о:гэ:1шиз'₽
□	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
И ICOMPOUNDSl
t О [also prefix] is not, not, non-, un-, in-
£	—element of contrariety usu. placed before
nouns
Л	hijo emergency, calamity
hijo ni very, extremely, greatly
,	hitetsu-kinzoku nonferrous met-
?	als
Д -ЙИ hiban off duty
hijdno coldhearted; inanimate
IML hirei impoliteness
P	hibaihin articles not for sale
,	hikoshikino informal, unofficial
hikinzoku nonmetal
hikagakuteki na unscientific
hijoshiki lack of common sense
00 wrong, wrongdoing, mistake
0 wrong, not right
a zehi right and/or wrong; by all means, at
any cost
zenpi one's past folly [sin]
Ь hiko delinquency, misdeed, misde-
meanor
^ЁЖ^ hidoi cruel, harsh, rough; severe, in-
tense, heavy
О slander, calumniate, defame
hinan criticism, blame
[INDEPENDENT!
[hi wrong, wrongdoing, mistake
hi to suru condemn, denounce
IHOMQPHONESI
hidoi
=>®1562
=>0598,2000
и
0599
В1-4-5
► CARRYOUT
SHI SE hodoko(su)
70	Joyo	S9-4-5	K2760
	A0364	®891	U65BD
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О carry out, put into practice, enforce,
execute, conduct
ЙЪ*shikd suru enforce, execute, carry
out
SITЪ seko (=shikd) suru execute (a
building contract), carry out
ЙЖ shijutsu surgical operation
Й1Ж shisaku enforcementof a policy
Й1Й shisei administration, government
jisshisuru carry out, enforce, exe-
cute
0 give alms, give charity, dispense gratis,
render services (to the needy)
seyaku free medicine
segyosuru give alms
JEHl seshu chief mourner; donor, benefactor
ЙЙЖ® segaki service for the unmourned
dead
fuse alms
© make, construct, equip
Mix shisetsu equipment, facilities; institution,
establishment
[kun]
[hodokosu ffiiTJ
О conduct, perform, take (measures), carry
out; apply
&№''$' бкуй-teate о hodokosu
give (a person) first aid
saku о hodokosu take measures
0 give alms [charity], dispense (medicine)
gratis, render services
№ L hodokoshi alms, almsgiving
0598-0599
222
4-5 К
0600
Е1-4-5
► REFLECT
► PROJECT
El utsu(ru) utsu(su) ha(eru)
-ba(e) Щ teru aki
0	Jdyo-6	S9-4-5	K1739
72	A0412	®892	U6620
l	П	R	В	В'	В’"’	В»	В^1	в^
1	2	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSI
О reflect, mirror, shine
IzEft han'ei reflection
0 project (an image), screen (a film), show
0^^ eizo (TV) picture, image; reflection
0fteisha projection
0ftH eiga cinema, film, movie
_t 0ft''$'%) joeisuru screen, show, project
i^0ft'?"<b hoeisuru televise, telecast
[KUN]
[utsuru №3]
0 be REFLECTed, be imaged, be mirrored
© be PROJECTed, be on (TV)
а utsuri reflection; quality of a picture
[film]; match, harmony
St (Z 0ft Ъ kagami ni utsuru be reflected in a
mirror
[utsusu 0&TJ
О REFLECT, mirror
Sa Й О 0ft kagami ni jibun no
sugata о utsusu reflect oneself in a mir-
ror
0 project (a motion picture)
Eft И	EftT eiga о sukurin
ni utsusu project a motion picture on a
screen
[haeru Eftx.&l shine, excel in brilliance
0^ 0 Eftx.<5 terihaeru glow (in the sun), be
lighted up
[-bae -0&X.]glow
r^Eftx. yubae evening [sunset] glow
[hqmophones|
utsuru
COPY =>1260
SHIFT =>0798
utsuri
COPY =>1260
SHIFT =>0798
utsusu
Ц COPY =>1260
SHIFT =>0798
haeru flourish =>1642
-bae flourish =>1642
|-»Д— ► YESTERDAY
цН ►LAST
SAKU
0601	0	Jdyd-4	S9-4-5	К2682
В1-4-5	72	А0275	®893	U6628
IcompoundsI
О [also prefix] yesterday, yesterday's
0^ 0 sakujitsu yesterday
EE^Eft sakuban last night, last evening
0^S sakuya last night
0^ffi sakushi yesterday's paper
0^5 Я 0 saku-gogatsu futsuka yester-
day, May 2
sakkon these days
0 (most recent) last (year, etc.)
0^₽ sakunen last year
sakushun last spring
—0^0^ 0 issakusakujitsu three days ago
[SPECIAL READINGS]
0^ 0 kind yesterday
0^ЙАуйЬе last night, last evening
-^0^ 0 A ototoi (=issakujitsu) day before
yesterday
из
0602
E1-4-5
► LUMINOUS
SHO (D aki akira
0	Jdyd-3	S9-4-5	К3028
72	В0784	®894	U662D
i in in


ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning, now rare] (emitting light)
luminous, bright, shining
0 (enjoying the glory of enlightened rule) en-
lightened, glorious, illustrious
223
0600-0602
И 4-5
1 -----------------------------------------
1 a	shoshotaru [rare] bright, clear;
obvious, plain
b showa Showa era
. 0 abbrev. of shdwa: Showa era
Л ВЙЯ! shoden Showa Denko (name of a com-
0 pany)
ft			► PILLAR CHU hashira								
0603 E1-4-5			* 75		Jdyd-3		S9-4-5			K3576	
					C1076		®896			U67F1	
—		1				ft •		ft	ft		ft
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] pillar, post, column, pole
5ft sekichu stone pillar
FI ft enchu column, shaft, cylinder
® ft denchu telegraph [telephone, electric]
pole
I31! ft monchu gate post, pier
[KUN]
[hashira ft] [also suffix] pillar, post, column;
prop, mainstay
ftflxFnt hashiradokei grandfather's clock
АЖЙ daikokubashira principal post, cen-
tral pillar (of a house); prop, mainstay
0604
В1-4-5
► CHARACTER
► HANDLE
HEI gara1 gara2 e Ш kara
	Joyo	59-4-5	K4233
75	C1165	®897	U67C4
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] handle, handhold, grip
ftft)x hishaku ladle, dipper, scoop
[kun]
[gara1 ft] [in compounds]
О [also suffix] character, nature, quality,
fineness, grade; social standing, status
Aft hitogara character, personality
®ft yakugara nature [quality] of one's office,
one's position
Ж-ft kotogara matter, affair, circumstances
Л'ft migara one's person; social standing
Mft aidagara relation, terms
f^ft iegara social standing of a family; line-
age, descent; good family
ft ft ft mibungara social standing, status
ft Ж ft shigotogara character of work; be-
cause of [in connection with] one's work
0 pattern (on cloth), design, figure
ftgaramono patterned cloth
TEft hanagara flower pattern
0 physique, build
/hft kogara small build, short stature
[gara2 ft]
О character (of a person), nature, breeding
ftQjgH gara no warui ill-bred
gara nimo naku unlike one,
out of one's way
0 pattern (on doth), design, figure
St5 О ft гуйкбподага pattern now in
fashion
[e ft] handle, crank, grip, haft; shaft
ft0^Hftftx e no nagai hishaku long-
handled ladle
Ж 0 ft torie merit, worth, recommendable
feature
► WITHER
KO ka(reru) ka(rasu)
	Joyo	59-4-5	K2447
75	D1804	®898	U67AF
0605
В1-4-5
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (of plants) (dry up and die) wither, die
© (loss vigor) wither, decline
a koshi withering, dying
b	eikoseisui prosperity and decline,
rise and fall
0 dry up, run dry
kokatsu drying up, running dry; exhaus-
tion, depletion
[KUN]
[kareru ft ft 6] wither, die
0603-0605
224
4-5 |]
Й^Ж kareha dead [withered] leaf
Й-tTA kareki dead [withered] tree
ЗА^Й^ТФ tachigareno blighted, withered
ЖЙ^ natsugare summer inactivity, sum-
mer slump
[karasu tt £TJ let wither, blight, kill
АЙ в L kogarashi cold wintry wind
IHOMQPHONESI
kareru T@x =>®517
karasu =>®517
0606
Б1-4-5
► STRAIGHT GRAIN
KYU masa masaki Ш masashi
ж	Names	S9-4-5	K4379
75	D2984	0898.5	U67FE
[kun]
[masa ffi] straight [regular] grain of wood
masame straight [regular] grain of
wood
[masaki fiE] spindle tree
0607
D1-4-5
► WILLOW
RYO yanagi Щ yagi yanaki
	Joyo	S9-4-5	K4488
75	Cl 144	0899	U67F3
- 1 1 * fl fl fl fliflp
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] willow
STW horyu purple willow; infirmity, delicate
constitution
ЗЁЙР кагуй geisha girls, courtesans; red-light
district
'TEIW'J?- karyukai red-light district
[KUN]
[yanagi willow
WlW yanagigoshi slim waist
0608
E1-4-5
► HOLLY
SHU SHU hiiragi Щ hiragi kuki
*	Names	S9-4-5	K4102
75	D2751	0899.5	U67CA
[KUN]
[hiiragi holly, Osumanthus ilicifolius
0609
E1-4-5
► PHASE
► MUTUAL
► MINISTER
SO SHO ai- Ц] suke
	Jdyo-3	S9-5-4	K3374
109	A0072	®900	U76F8
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
J
*
я
*
О (outer appearance or state, esp. as indication of
characteristic essence) phase, looks, appear-
ance, aspect, state, condition
yoso aspect, phase, condition
BxfKtll jidaisd phases ofthetimes
hinsdna poor-looking
ЗЙЕnezo one's sleeping posture
feffl shikisd color phase
seso phases [aspect] of life, social condi-
tions
Jtfil shinsd truth, facts, real situation
ЙзЙ shoso various aspects, various phases
jisso real state of affairs
0 physiognomy
At! ninso looks, physiognomy
teso palmistry, lines of palm
Ufli kossd physique
Ж til kaso physiognomy of a house
© mutual, reciprocal; mutually
sdgono mutual, reciprocal
sodan consultation
ffi ^3 soto suru correspond to, be pro-
portionate; be suitable for, become
tlljS soi difference, disparity
sdtaitekina relative
soona suitable, fit; becoming; ade-
quate
sosai offset, cancellation
225
0606-0609
Е 4-5
1 ------------------------------------------------
1 til И so кап mutual relationship, correlation
ffl® soji similarity, resemblance
r Ж® ffifi soshisdai mutual love
0 [also suffix] minister (of state), councilor
shushd prime minister
H Mffl zosho Minister of Finance
+	bunsho Ministerof Education, Science
and Culture
£	^1411 gaisho Ministerof Foreign Affairs
ф	rodosho Minister of Labor
0 succeed to, inherit
I sdzoku succession; inheritance
00 used phonetically for so
0 function word indicating appearance
л а soba market price; estimation
b	kawaisdna poor, pitiable, pa-
4 thetic
[KUN]
[ai- t0-] [also prefix]
O0 each other, MUTUALly
0 together
a aisho affinity, congeniality
ЙГ aizuchioutsu make
(agreeable) responses (in a conversa-
tion)
aite partner; opponent
ьЖО ainori riding together
□‘Ф'ТГ aiaigasade sharing the same um-
brella
fflW aibo pal, mate, companion
0 emphatic verbal prefix
в'З* aikawarazu as usual, as before
aitsuide in succession
[SPECIAL READINGS]
fflBt sumo sumo wrestling
L fusawashii suitable, appropriate
IHOMOPHONESI
ai-
COMBINE =>1274
fiS INTERVAL =><S>3323
0610
E1-4-5
► CITRON
YU YU yuzu
*	Names	S9-4-5	K4514
75	D2943	@901.5	U67DA
[KUN]
[yuzu Й] citron, Chinese lemon
WJg yuzuyu citron hot bath
Um k F,ELD
KI4-I hata hatake -batake
0611 EH Jdyd-3 S9-5-4 K40W
В1-4-5	| 102 | Cl 240 ®905	U755?
123456789
[KUN]
[hata ЙЭ] (plowed or cultivated) field, farm,
vegetable garden, plantation
ЙИЙ hatachi farmland
hatasaku dry field farming, dry field
crop
EH tffl tahata (=denpata) fields and rice pad-
dies
[hatake ЙВ] (plowed or cultivated) field,
farm, vegetable garden, plantation
ЛН <5 hatake о tsukuru cultivate a field,
farm
[-batake -ЯВ] [also suffix] field, farm, vegeta-
ble garden, plantation
7ЁЙЗ hanabatake flower garden
dandanbatake terraced fields, ter-
raced farm
□ — E—Й0 kohibatake coffee plantation
[HOMOPHONES]
hata Hx =><8)2578
hatake =>®2578
0612
► SACRIFICE
SEI
4	Joyo	S9-4-5	K3223
93	C1268	®907	U7272
El-4-5
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 SACRIFICE
ШЙ gisei sacrifice
0610-0612
226
4-5 []
0613
Е1-4-5
► RARE
CHIN mezura(shii) IS uzu yoshi
5 96	Joyo	S9-4-5	K3633
	C1317	®909	U73CD
T |T J J'
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (of infrequent occurrence or
unusual excellence) rare, infrequent, precious
0 [also prefix] curious, strange, queer, odd,
funny
a chinmi food of delicate flavor, delicacy
chinpin rare article, curio
chinkyaku unexpected (but welcome)
visitor
b chinmyo na queer, odd, fantastic
chinkina novel, curious; rare; strange
chingensho strange phenomenon
chinpunkanpun gibberish, unin-
telligible speech
[KUN]
[mezurashii 3^ L rare, infrequent,
unusual; uncommon, new, novel; precious
(due to the rarity of the thing)
I/ $ mezurashisa rarity; novelty
mezurashigaru think (it) a curios-
ity *
monomezurashige ni curiously,
with curious eyes
► TINKLING OF JADES
REI HI akira ryb tama suzu
0614
В1-4-5
5	Names	S9-4-5	K4672
96	D1980	®910	U73B2
0615
E1-4-5
► GOD
► MIND
SHIN JIN kami кап- ко- [Ц kamu
ka miwa
	Joyo-3	S9-4-5	K3132
113	A0318	®912	U795E
7 4 'f 4® 4^
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 GOD, God, deity, spirit
0 Shinto deity, kami
a shingaku theology
WX shinpu priest, Father
W1A shinbutsu gods and Buddha; Shinto and
Buddhism
^>W^& tashinkyo polytheism
b WS” jingo Shinto shrine; Grand Shrine at Ise
Wil shinto Shinto, the Way of the Gods
Wtt jinja Shinto shrine
0 divine, sacred, GODly, supernatural, myste-
rious
Wfflfo shinseina holy, sacred, divine
WnS shinwa myth, mythology
W^K shinboku sacred tree
Ws shindd child prodigy
shinpitekina mysterious
© mind, consciousness, spirit, soul
W^ shinkei nerve; sensitivity; worry
Wifi shinzui essence, quintessence, soul
ffiW seishin mind, soul, heart; intention, mo-
tive; the spirit (of something)
&WT& shisshinsuru lose consciousness,
faint
feW shikishin color sense (ability of color
discrimination)
ш ]
*
s
я
*
[KUN]
[kami WJ god, God, the Lord; deity; Shinto
deity, kami; [in compounds] divine
Wm kamisama god, God
^E(^W shinigami god of death
Wilt kamiwaza providence, superhuman
feat
Wa kamikaze providential [divine] wind;
suicide plane, kamikaze
[kan- W-Jgod
W^ kannushi Shinto priest
[ko- W-Jgod
WWl/V^ kdgdshii divine, solemn
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Wffi omiki sacred wine [sake]; sake
W^ kagura sacred (Shinto) music and
dancing
227
0613-0615
Е 4-5
1	mikoshi portable shrine,
sacred palanquin
	► CELEBRATE SHUKU SHU iwa(u) [Ц iwai hajime hori nori
t 0616	$ Joyo-4 S9-4-5	K2943
r E1-4-5	113 C1273	®913	U795D
% 		
	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
X ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 CELEBRATE
n 0 congratulate, felicitate
Я а 1ЯЯ shukuga celebration; congratulation
"Й* H shukujitsu holiday, festival day
keishuku celebration, congratulation
b iSW shQgen wedding
shugi celebration; congratulatory gift;
tip
shukuden congratulatory telegram
0 bless, pray, express good wishes
shukufuku blessing
[KUN]
[iwau ffi! 01 celebrate, commemorate;
congratulate, felicitate
iwai celebration; congratulation
hito no seiko о iwau con-
gratulate a person on his [her] success
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЙЮО norito Shinto ritual prayer
0617
E1-4-5
► ANCESTOR
SO
*	Jdyd-5	S9-4-5	K3336
113	C1313	®914	U7956
|? $	111 ||П ||n IIP
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
sofubo grandparents
0 founder, originator
HUffi kaiso founder, originator
TEffi ganso originator, pioneer
^ffl kybso founder of a religion, head of a
sect
ISPECIAL READINGS]
#ffi££/i/ ojiisan grandfather
obasan grandmother
► DIVINE HELP
YU U Ц] suke sachi hiroshi yutaka
tasuku masa hiro yoshi
0618
В1-4-5
$	Names	S9-4-5	K4520
113	C1534	®915	U7950
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] divine help, heavenly
assistance [protection]
ten'yu graceof Heaven, providential
help
w
0619
Б1-4-5
► LUNG
HAI
я	Jdyo-6	S9-4-5	K3957
130	C1518	®916	U80BA
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] lung, lungs
ВФЙЙ haizo lungs
haikatsuryd lung breathing capacity
ЙФЙГ haigan lung cancer
haien pneumonia, inflammation of the
lungs
[INDEPENDENT!
[hai tt] lung, lungs
V hai ga yowai have a weak chest
O0 ancestor, forefather
0 grandparent
а ffi^c sosen ancestor, forefather
ffi.HI sokoku one’s native country
b Ttffi senzo forefather, ancestor
0616-0619
228
4-6 E
► MEMBRANOUS SAC
HO
Я	Joyo	S9-4-5	K4306
130	C1350	®917	U80DE
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
• any small membranous sac such as a
vesicle, theca, sac, sheath, capsule or cell
hoshi spore
saibo cell
ЯФЯЙ haiho alveolus
0620
E1-4-5
0621	► FETUS ► WOMB TAI			
	я	Joyo	S9-4-5	K3459
E1-4-5	130	D1937	®918	U80CE
) Л л	|J!			
ICOMPOUNDSI	J	4	5	6	7	8	9
О [original meaning] fetus, embryo
йи 7L taiji embryo, fetus
Hei®] taidd quickening,fetal movement; indi-
cation
datai abortion
0 womb, uterus
tainai interior of the womb
taisei viviparity
taikyo prenatal care
botai mother's womb
0622
E1-4-5
► GALLBLADDER
TAN
Я	Joyo	S9-4-5	K3532
130	C1541	®919	U80C6
) п л Я > W w
1____2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
[COMPOUNDS!
О GALLBLADDER, gall
E8X tanno gall, gallbladder
Я&Н* tanju bile, gall
tanseki gallstone
0 pluck, guts, courage, nerve, gall
11Л tanryoku pluck, courage, nerve
daitan boldness, daring
1Ы1 gotan boldness, iron nerves
rakutan disappointment, discourage-
ment
1
[ ш
0623
D1-4-5
► NATIVES OF ANCIENT CHINA
KO GO U Щ ebi ebisu hisa
я	Names	S9-4-5	K2453
74	D1978	®921.5	U80E1
s
*
я
ICOMPOUNDSI
О natives living in the north or west of an-
cient china
Й1Я kokoku ancient countries in the north or
west of China; barbarous country
кокуй Chinese fiddle
0 foreign
дота sesame
kosho pepper
0 suspicious; absurd
ЙЛЙ&МИ usankusai suspicious-looking,
questionable, shady
uronna suspicious-looking, ques-
tionable; in disorder
[SPECIAL READINGS]
й§ДХАкуй/7 cucumber
ЙШ/М' ‘ agura о каки sit cross-legged
ff			► TRAVEL RYO tabi						
0624 El-4-6			£ 70	Jdyd-3	S10-4-6			K4625	
				B0787	®922			U65C5	
1		3 W :			r	№			
№. ICOMPi	23456789 OUNDSl								
0 travel, traveling, journey, trip
0 travel, take a trip
229
0620-0624
Е 4-6
1 ----------------------------------------
G TRAVELer
a Йс1т ryoko travel, trip
Йс^ ryoken passport
b Йсй ryoso traveling outfit
Йс Jt ryohi traveling expenses
H ЙСи? ryokaku traveler, passenger, tourist
i	ryokakki passenger plane
с ЙсёВ ryokan Japanese inn
[KUN]
Ф [tabi Йс] journey, TRAVELing, travel, trip
5 ЙсТЪ tabisuru travel, take a trip
ffixLО tabidatsu go on a journey, set off
% ЙсЛ tabibito traveler
ЯйЙс funatabi voyage
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ЙЕ gyrate =>0650
0625
E1-4-6
► TIME
JI toki -doki
0	Joyb-2	S10-4-6	K2794
72	A0025	®924	U6642
I П H В В"В+В±В^В^
1	23456789
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
OG [original meaning] (continuous duration) time,
duration, interval
© (specific time) the time, o'clock, hour
G [suffix] time, at the time of, when
a ГШ jikan time, period; hour
[ФЙ1 jikoku time; hour
jikd prescription, limitation (of action)
|b]B$0 doji no simultaneous
rinjino temporary, provisional, spe-
cial
—*0$ ichiji for a time, temporarily; once; one
o'clock
b НЖ jigen time limit, closing time; period,
hour
hachiji eight o'clock
MHf'Т'Ф7^ Nanji desu ka What time is it?
0 Bvf nichiji date, time
c	chushokuji lunchtime
shutsuganji (at the) time of applica-
tion
00 time(s), age, period, season
© (opportune moment) TiMEly occasion, right
time, opportunity
a BvfR jidai age, era, period; antiquity
jisei trend of the times, spirit of the age
jiki time, season
1^3 Hf tdji at that time, in those days; at the
present time
b Ш jiki opportunity, chance
Ж jigi right time [occasion], proper time
jisetsu season, times; occasion
0 hour
ByfjS jisoku speed per hour
jikyu payment by the hour
—‘Bvffsj ichijikan one hour
[KUN]
[toki Byf]
OG TIME, hour, moment
© times, age, the day
Tokiда utsuru Time elapses
—hitotoki time, while, moment
b toki no then, of the day
senso no toki times of war
0 right time, opportunity, occasion, case;
season
BvHZki tokiniwa occasionally
tokidoki sometimes, occasionally; each
occasion
0$	Ш o' Id ck	toki to baai ni yotte
should time and circumstances permit
ТЙЁ Д H chodo yoi toki ni just at the
right moment
00 when
© in case of, if, in the event of
а Ж [d <5 Byf ie ni kaeru toki when returning
home
b (d io VHf Я gojimade ni
kaeranai toki wa if I don't come back
till five o'clock
[-doki -Byf ] [suffix] time, proper time, season
shokujidoki mealtime
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Pvfnt tokei clock, watch
Hf Ж shigure late fall or early winter rain
0625
230
[HOMOPHONES!
toki autumn =>® 1139
0626
E1-4-6
► JAPANESE APRICOT
BAI ume
*	Jdyd-4	S10-4-6	K3963
75	C1210	<8>925	U6885
- оiirrqw
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О 0 JAPANESE APRICOT tree, ume tree; Japa-
nese apricot, ume
Q) ume blossom
а Ш14 bairin ume grove
Ш7Ё baika ume blossoms
ЙЖ baiu rainy season (of early summer)
b kdbai red-blossomed Japanese apricot
kanbai ume blossom viewing
anbai seasoning, flavoring; taste, flavor;
condition, state
© rainy season (when the ume blossoms in
Japan)
АШ nyubai beginning of the rainy season
[kun]
[ume	Japanese apricot tree, ume tree;
ume blossom; Japanese apricot (the fruit),
ume
ume no mi Japanese apricot, ume
umemi ume blossom viewing
umeboshi pickled ume
ЙЙ umeshu ume [apricot] brandy
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ШЖ tsuyu rainy season (of early summer)
A 0 tsuyuiri setting in ofthe rainy sea-
son
ШЖВД ("t tsuyuake end ofthe rainy season
► NORM
► STATUS
KAKU KO Ц] itaru tada nori
0627 E1-4-6	75	Jdyd-5	S10-4-6	K1942
		A0287	®926	U683C
L	It	t. 1	2	3	T 4		ж	t 5	6	7	8	9	
4-6 Д
— 1
0
Iffi
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 norm, standard, model, pattern, rule,
regulation
G ability to meet the norm, qualification,
eligibility, competency, capacity
a	kakubetsuna particular, exceptional
t# kakushiki established form, formalities
t^t# kikaku standard, norm
At# honkaku fundamental rules, propriety
At#M££ honkakutekina full-scale, full-
fledged; standard
b Mt# shikaku qualifications, competence,
capacity
n't#T"'5 gokakusuru pass (an examina-
tion), be found eligible [qualified]
At#"T'b shikkakusuru be disqualified
0 status, rank, capacity, standing, class,
grade
t#_h ITTЪ kakuage suru raise to higher
status, promote to a higher rank
t# kakushiki status, social standing
t&'tt ITTkakuzukesuru grade, rate, clas-
sify
#t# shbkaku promotion in status
|n]t# dokaku same status, equality; apposi-
tion
xft# jikaku status of a Buddhist temple
U — T—t# ridakaku capacity as a leader
{ffit# kakaku price, cost
© (degree of excellence) (good) character, per-
sonality; (high) quality, distinction, style
t#St kakusa difference in quality [price]
t#^^ kakuyasuna inexpensive, reason-
able in price
t#pM kakucho tone, strain, style
At# jinkaku character, personality
'141# seikaku character, personality
4
I
*
Я
231
0626-0627
П 4-6
1 -------------------------------------------------
1 nnt# hinkaku dignity, grace
M 0 W" <5 A$7 fukaku no aru jinbutsu
man of distinctive character
,	genkakuna strict, stern, severe, rig-
#	orous
g 00 framework, latticework, grid
0 frame, build, physique
f a koshi latticework, lattice, grid
7?	t# A# gotenjo coffered ceiling
и	b {А Ж taikaku physique, build
UtS kokkaku frame, physique; framework,
J	skeletal structure
, 0 just, exactly
kakko suitability, moderateness (in
price); shape, form; appearance, manner
0 strike, hit, fight
Ъ kakutosuru grapple, fight hand to
hand
[INDEPENDENT!
[kaku f#] norm, standard, rule; status, rank,
capacity, class
kaku о ageru raise the standard
kakugaagaru be promoted to
a higher rank
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with J# =>®375
► NUCLEUS
KAKU
0628	Ж	Joyo	SI 0-4-6	K1943
El-4-6	75	B0588	®927	U6838
WiSfe shinkeikaku neuron
ЙЙ kekkaku tuberculosis
jikaku hemorrhoids
00 (central part of an atom) nucleus
0 nuclear, atomic
а kakuhannd nuclear reaction
какиуйдд nuclear fusion
genshikaku atomic nucleus
b ШХАЛ/А— kakuenerugi nuclear energy
kakuheiki nuclear weapons
[INDEPENDENT!
[kaku ] nucleus, kernel, core; atomic
nucleus
^0^ kakunokasa nuclear umbrella
0629
E1-4-6
► AROMATIC TREE
KEI katsura [Ц yoshi
*	Names	S10-4-6	K2343
75	D1625	®928	U6842
IcompoundsI
0 general term for aromatic trees, esp.
cinnamon or cassia
ЙЙ keikan crown of laurel
nikkei cinnamon tree
Я gekkeiju laurel
А ХУ ШЙс kashiakeihi cassia
[kun]
[katsura Й] katsura tree, katsura
A IB katsuraotoko man in the moon
-j?.ШШ:
IcompoundsI
L П ►SCHOOL
► COLLATE
ТХ KO
	Joyo-1	S10-4-6	K2527
75	A0251	®929	U6821
[also prefix and suffix]
O0 (central part) nucleus, core
0 biol, chem nucleus
а	kakukazoku nucleus family
chukaku core, nucleus; kernel
b	kakuhokai disintegration of a cell
nucleus
kakusan nucleic acid
saibokaku nucleus (of a cell)
/t А/f A AAA. A
123456789
A)
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] school
Kft kocho principal, schoolmaster, rector
0628-0630
232
4-6
ЙИг kosha school building
konai school grounds
ЙЖ кбуй schoolmate, alumnus
ЙЯ11 kosoku school regulations
gakkd school, college
boko one's alma mater, one's old school
toko attending school
nljft кбкб senior high school
yobiko preparatory school
0 collate, proofread, check, examine, revise
tSiE kosei proofreading
КВТ kotei revision
ЙIEWI 0 koseizuri galley proofs
KB3 koetsu revision, reviewing, editing
ЙТ koryo final proof
0631
E1-4-6
► ROOT
KON ne -ne
ж	Jdyd-3	S10-4-6	K2612
75	B0551	®930	U6839
- л t it ffiw
123456789
Ж
[compounds!
О [original meaning] root (of a plant)
18 Ж konsai root crops
^18 mokon root of a hair
^ч18 daikon Japanese radish
SRIS куйкоп bulb
00 (primary source) root, source, origin
0 (essential part) root, basis, foundation
а ЙЖ kongen root, origin, source
Bn 18 gokon root [origin] of a word
b 18$ konpon basis, foundation; origin, source
18Й kontei root, basis, foundation
1ВЙ0- копку о grounds, basis, authority
0 perseverance, stamina, mental energy
18Я konki perseverance, patience, energy
18tt konjd nature, spirit, temper; will power;
guts
1W1B seikon energy, vitality
[kun]
[ne 18] root; source, origin
nekko root; stump, stub
18tE nemoto root; base
18^ H nezuyoi deep-rooted
180 L nemawashi maneuvering behind the
scenes; digging around the roots
18ffi 0 V nehori-hahori inquisitively,
in great detail
183c И nebukai deep-rooted, ingrained
[-ne -18] used phonetically for ne, esp. for
euphony
Ж18 yane roof
$J18 hane fan, blade
Zb. 18 kakine fence, hedge
E
1
0632
В1-4-6
► CHERRY
0 sakura
ж	Jdyo-5	S10-4-6	K2689
75	C1276	®931	U685C
—		f it t	t"	r	tx	t£
В
у
г
*
я
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 cherry tree, (Japanese) flowering cherry,
sakura
0 cherry blossom
а 18c 7Ё oka cherry blossoms
18с1% oto cherry
b Ж18с kan'o cherry-blossom viewing
[KUN]
[sakura 18c] CHERRYtree, (Japanese) flower-
ing cherry, sakura; cherry blossom
18c/uZ& sakuranbo cherry
ill 18c yamazakura wild cherry tree
в
0633
E1-4-6
► PLANK BRIDGE
SAN |U kakehashi
*	Joyo	S10-4-6	K2723
75	D2221	®932	U685F
233
0631-0633
Ш ]
Е 4-6
i:..1..1..1..iizltife.ft.H
123456789
Hi
ICOMPOUNDSl
О plank bridge, suspension bridge, plank
passageway
sanbashi (landing) pier, jetty, wharf
ф ©joist
sajiki reviewing stand, box, gallery
3= [SPECIAL READINGS]
%	sajiki reviewing stand, box, gallery
0634	► STOPPER SEN			
	ж	Joyo	S10-4-6	K3282
E1-4-6	75	D2152	0934	U6813
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] stopper, plug, cork, peg;
door bolt
# sennuki bottle opener, corkscrew
□ korukusen cork
ЯЙlfllt£ nokessen cerebral thrombosis
[INDEPENDENT!
[sen stopper, cork, plug; stopcock,
faucet, tap
Ж <7>1£ bin no sen bottle stopper
sen о пики uncork a bottle
suiddnosen water spigot
0635
E1-4-6
► STOCK
kabu
	Joyd-6	S10-4-6	K1984
75	A0478	®935	U682A
[kabu tt]
O0 [also suffix] stock, stocks, shares
© counter for stocks or shares
а К Д Z kabu о kau buy stock
kabushiki stocks, shares
ЙЯ kabuka price of stocks
kabuken share [stock] certificate
ЙЯЁ kabunushi stockholder
Й jSkabushikigaisha joint stock cor-
poration
ЙТЙ shinkabu new stock
ydsenkabu preference shares
b ИЙ nihyakkabu 200 shares
00 stump, stub
0 root, plant
a tZ ОЙ kirikabu stump
b Й kabuwake root division
M
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning], peach tree; peach
tori peach and plum
oto cherry
oto yellow peach
hentosen tonsils
[KUN]
[momo ft] peach; peach tree
momoiro rose, pink
momozono peach orchard
momoware momoware coiffure
0634-0636
234
4-6 П
0637
Е1-4-6
► PAULOWNIA
ТО DO kiri ID hisa
ж	Names	S10-4-6	K2245
75	D1611	®937	U6850
[COMPOUNDS!
•	PAULOWNIA
tHftl toyu tung oil, (Chinese) wood oil
filflB] goto Chinese parasol (tree), phoenix
tree, Firmiana platanifolia
[KUN]
[kiri PAULOWNIA
kirizai paulownia wood
0638
E1-4-6
► DIE A MARTYR
JUN
у	Joyo	S10-4-6	K2962
78	D2152	<8>941	U6B89
shukun meritorious deeds, distin- "
guished service
shushdna laudable, praiseworthy
tokushuna special, unique
[kun]
[koto Ш [in compounds] SPECiALness, dis- В
tinctiveness
ft koto ni especially, distinctly, exception-
ally, above all	&
kotosarani especially; intentionally, ф
deliberately
IHOMOPHONESI
koto JS DIFFERENT =>1651	$
► REMAIN
► RUTHLESS
ZAN noko(ru) noko(su)
0640		Jdyo-4	SI 0-4-6	K2736
El-4-6	78	A0356	©943	U6B8B
znoTirrwa
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
IcompoundsI
•	die a martyr, sacrifice oneself, die for a
cause
junkyd martyrdom
Я® junshoku dying at one's post
Я1И junkoku dying for one's country
► SPECIAL
SHU koto
0639	У	Joyo	S10-4-6	K2876
E1-4-6	78	C1375	©942	U6B8A
10
[compounds!
• (exceptional) special, distinguished, unusual,
above others
О remain, linger, stay
58^ zan'yo remainder, residue, remnant
zandaka balance, remainder
zangaku balance (of an account)
zangyd overtime
zanpan leftover food [rice]
zansetsu lingering snow
58^ zannen regret, disappointment, chagrin
0 ruthless, cruel, brutal
zankokuna cruel, ruthless, atrocious
zangyakuna cruel, atrocious, brutal,
inhuman
zannin cruelty, atrocity, brutality
^58fe muzanna cruel, atrocious; pitiful,
tragic, miserable
[KUN]
[nokoru 58 <5 ] remain, linger, stay; be left
over; survive
58 0 nokori remainder, remnant, residue,
leavings
586^ nokorazu entirely, without exception
235
0637-0640
Цд-б
1
В
*
у
4=
5
Й
Я
31 0 4^1 nokorimono leftovers, remains,
scraps
zfecfSI'b ikin о koru survive, outlive
[nokosu ] leave (behind), keep back;
reserve, save; [in compounds] leave undone
tabenokoshi leftover food
ИХ ty Й1Т torinokosu leave (behind)
W iinokosu leave word with, state in
one’s will; leave (something) unsaid, for-
get to mention
[SPECIAL READINGS]
nagori parting; memory; remains
Sts L И nagorioshii be sorry to part, be
sad to leave
Willi tokkun special [intensive] training, crash
course
SlW dokutoku peculiarity, uniqueness
[INDEPENDENT!
[toku WJ special grade (of a product)
Wl- tokuni specially, particularly, especially
►SQUAD
HAN
0642	J	Jdyd-6	S10-4-6	K4041
E1-4-6	96	D1605	®946	U73ED
- т т j	ТГ Ж Ж
0641
В1-4-6
► SPECIAL
TOKU
4	Joyb-4	S10-4-6	K3835
93	A0276	®945	U7279
ICOMPOUNDSl
• (distinct among others) special, peculiar,
unique, exclusive
WSllO tokubetsuno special, particular; ex-
traordinary
Wfe tokushoku characteristic
WIU tokucho distinctive feature, characteris-
tic
4ФЯ tokka special price, bargain price
WA tokushu special edition
WpT tokkyo patent; special permission; con-
cession
Wffi tokken privilege, exclusive right
W'f® tokushi special envoy [messenger]
W/ЁО tokuteino specific, particular
WSZ£ tokushu na special, unique
WM tokkyu super-express
W± tokudai extra large, oversize
W W tokuyO no characteristic (of); special,
peculiar
WllZi tokuina peculiar, unique
W5= tokusan special product, specialty
123456789
11
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [also suffix] (small group of individuals engaged in
a common effort) squad, group, party, team,
crew
SES hancho squad [group] leader
ЯЕД han'in memberof a group
ШИ shuzaihan data collecting party
Н.ЯЕ sanpan group 3
ЙЖИЕ kyugohan relief squad [party]
sagyohan work party
[INDEPENDENT!
[han Ж] squad, group
HZ)0ЙЕ (Zj*Ъ mittsu no han ni
wakeru divide into three groups
0643
E1-4-6
► PEARL
SHU tamaT Ц] mi
5	Joyo	S10-4-6	K2878
96	DI 664	®947	U73E0
T T -J У
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 PEARL
© something round like a pearl, bead
0641-0643
236
4-6 П
a S3E shugyoku jewel, gem
ЖS shinju pearl
b shuzan calculation on the abacus
[SPECIAL READINGS!
juzu (Buddhist) rosary
[homophonesi
1
tama
3s gem =>2166
££ BALL =>0658
PROJECTILE =>0418
► TRUNK
DO
I
*
► AUSPICIOUS
SHO Щ sachi yoshi yasu
0644
E1-4-6
*	Joyo	510-4-6	K3045
113	C1458	®948	U7965
ICOMPOUNDSl
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] trunk (ofthe body), torso,
abdomen
ddtai trunk, body, torso, hull
ddmaki belly ba nd
113Й doi jacket, vest
Jfi-hld1 doage tossing (a person in triumph)
[INDEPENDENT!
[dd W TRUNK
113H doga nagai have a long trunk
0 auspicious, propitious, favorable
© auspicious omen, lucky sign
a Ж fushoji scandal, inauspicious event
b сз kichijd (=kisshd) auspicious omen
hassho origin; appearance of auspicious
omen
zuisho auspicious sign, good omen
0645
В1-4-6
► CHEST
KYO mune muna-
► IMPERIAL WE
CHIN
1	Joyo	510-4-6	K3631
74	D9999	©949	U6715
[INDEPENDENT!
[chin KJ imperial we—formal first person
pronoun used chiefly by the Emperor of Japan
©£0 chin no Our
O [original meaning] chest, breast, thorax
WB kyoi chest measurement
№Jr|5 kyobu breast, chest
№J# kydkotsu breastbone
1Й>|5 кубкаku thorax, chest
0 (seat of emotions) breast, (inmost) heart, mind,
feelings
1ЙИ kyori one's bosom, one's heart, one's
feelings
kyochu mind, heart, one's feelings,
thoughts
dokyo courage, pluck, heart
237
0644-0647
Е 4-6
[типе Мтипа- 1Й-] chest, breast, tho- ,
< rax
-%
в
4
I
*
я
munekazari brooch
munage chest hair
muneyake heartburn, sour stomach
0648
E1-4-6
► VEIN
► PULSE
MYAKU
я	Jdyd-4	S10-4-6	K4414
130	C1485	®953	U8108
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] (any blood vessel) vein,
artery, blood vessel
domyaku artery
jomyaku vein
© something resembling a vein in shape or
structure
myakumyakutaru continuous,
unbroken; pulsating forcefully
ШЖ sanmyaku mountain range
ЛЖ yomyaku veins of a leaf
© (distinctive thread) vein, thread, line
myakuraku logical connection, chain of
reasoning
5Ж bunmyaku context
ЯЖ ranmyaku disorder, confusion, chaos
0 pulse, pulsation
ЖЙ myakuhaku pulse, pulsation
heimyaku regular pulse
'T'IeK fuseimyaku arrhythmia
[INDEPENDENT!
[myaku Ж] pulse, pulsation
Ж & IX Ъ myaku о toru take a pulse
Ян
► FAT
SHI abura
0649
E1-4-6
я	Joyo	S10-4-6	K2773
130	C1566	®954	U8102
J IB I IB ГНЖ
Bl
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
© [original meaning] fat, grease, animal fat
Я a IS shibd fat, grease
Ян Ж shishitsu lipid, fats
ЙЯн yushi fats and oils
ЯЙЯн$&?1 dasshi-funnyu skim milk
[KUN]
[abura Ян] fat, grease, lard, blubber
Ян о Zt aburagitta greasy, oily
Ян ft aburasho fatty constitution
IHOMOPHONESI
abura
Jft OIL =>0255
W =><8)2141
0650		Joyo	S11-4-7	K3291
E1-4-7	70	D1771	®957	U65CB
M.
ICOMPOUNDSI
О gyrate, whirl, revolve, spiral, go around
ЖёЕП senkai revolution, rotation, circling,
swiveling
senten gyration, whirling, revolution,
rotation
JteSe senban lathe
ЙЁШ senpu whirlwind
senritsu melody
rasen spiral, helix; screw
0648-0650
238
0 render a service to, mediate
^xJaE assen good offices, services; mediation
[note]
★do not confuse with К travel =>0624
	► FAMILY ZOKU				
0651		Joyo-3	S11-4-7		K3418
E1-4-7	70	A0444	®958		U65CF
’ / Jj			ww			
10	11	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl					
00 family, kinsman; relatives
© family of rank, nobility
а kazoku family, household
izoku bereaved family
shinzoku relative
ichizoku kinsman, relative, one's (whole)
family; race
jfilketsuzoku blood relative
b ЖЖ kizoku nobility, noble
0 race, clan, tribe
EK minzoku race, people, nation
д[Ж buzoku tribe
SK shuzoku race, tribe; family, genus; spe-
cies
sSK banzoku savage tribe
ТИ* 55 К ainuzoku the Ainu race
О [also suffix] class of things with common
features, as a family of languages
ZkKtB suizokukan aquarium
0 [also suffix] slang (group of persons who share a
common interest or engage in a common activity)
tribe, herd, clan, gang, set, clique
s!K kaminarizoku Thunder Herd, hot-
rodders
ЖхЁК bosozoku motorcycle gang, hot-
rodders
shin'yazoku the night owls
shaydzoku expense-account spend-
ers
nagarazoku persons who do two
things at the same time (as studying
4-7 Д
----------------------------------------- 1
while watching TV)	1
Е0Й1К danchizoku housing project dwellers
0652
В1-4-7
► CHINESE PARASOL TREE
GO GYO Ц] kiri satoshi	A?
*	Names	S11-4-7	K2472
75	D3576	®959.5	U68A7
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [rare] Chinese parasol tree, phoenix tree
4©flpl goto Chinese parasol (tree), phoenix
tree, Firmiana platanifolia
0653
П1-4-7
► REFINED AND GENTLE
HIN Ш aki akira aya yoshi
	Names	S11-3-8	K4143
59	D2209	®960	U5F6C
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [rare] (having both appearance and substance)
refined and gentle, handsome and solid in
character, having a due combination of plain-
ness and ornament
hin'utsu handsome, erudite and re-
fined
bunshitsu-hinpin refined, hand-
some and solid in character
0654
D1-4-7
► MECHANICAL CONTRIVANCE
KAI
*	Joyo-4	511-4-7	K1903
75	Cl 153	®961	U68B0
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 mechanical contrivance, device, instru-
ment, tool
kikai machine, mechanism
kikai instrument, apparatus, appliance
239
0651-0654
[] 4-7
0655
С1-4-7
► CATALPA
SHI azusa
	Names	S11-4-7	K1620
75	D2324	®962	U6893
J ICOMPOUNDSl
7 0 printing block, woodcut; wood printing
joshi publishing
% [KUN]
| [azusa 1¥] catalpa, Japanese catalpa tree
-jh azusayumi catalpa bow
0656
El-4-7
► TIP OF A TWIG
SHO kozue
*	Names	S11-4-7	K3031
75	D2537	®963	U68A2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] tip of a twig or branch
0 tip, end
ab тИЙ massho tip, end; tip of a twig; anat
periphery
b	massho shinkei peripheral nerve
[KUN]
[kozue Ш treetop, tip of a twig
matsu no kozue top of a pine tree
0657
В1-4-7
► ACTUAL
► APPEAR
GEN arawa(reru) arawa(su)
Ц] akira
3E	Jdyd-5	S11-4-7	K2429
96	A0106	®968	U73FE
т T lj JI Ijn JP)JB|J@
123456789
w.
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] (occurring at the present moment)
actual, present, current, existing, now
genzai present time, now; present
tense; actually
JS'Ri gendai present age, modern times, to-
day
?SfT0 genkono present, existing, current,
actual
genshoku present post [office]; incum-
bent
НИНЕЖ genjusho present address
gennaikaku present cabinet
00 (existing in fact) actual, real
© on hand—said esp. of money
а genjitsu actuality, reality
genjd present condition
genchi actual place [locale]
gen'eki active service
genba actual spot; job site, building site
b genkin cash
00 appear, become visible, come into view,
be revealed, materialize
0 cause to appear, show, reveal
а genshd phenomenon
Ъ shutsugen suru appear, make an
appearance, emerge
ЯШ'Т-Ь jitsugensuru realize, materialize
ЙШ'Т-Ь hydgensuru express, represent,
manifest; give expression to
b genzo developing (a film)
МШ'З"Ъ saigen suru reenact, reproduce
kengen manifestation
[independent!
[gen SI] ACTUALity
gen ni actually, really, as a matter of fact
[kun]
[arawareru ] appear, emerge, come
out, become visible, materialize
Stl araware embodiment, materialization
ЯIhI	tlZtЯ kumoma niarawareta
tsuki moon peeping from behind the
clouds
[arawasu ЙТ] cause to appear, show,
display, reveal
sugata о arawasu make an ap-
pearance
IHOMQPHONESI
arawareru й express =>1572
araware Й express =>1572
arawasu
EXPRESS =>1572
0655-0657
240
4-7 E
IF AUTHOR =>1480
| HOMOPHONES]
ER
0658
И1-4-7
tama
EE GEM =>2166
ER PEARL =>0643
ЗЙ PROJECTILE =>0418
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
► BALL
KYU tama
3E	Jdyd-3	S11-4-7	K2169
96	A0311	®969	U7403
'T.F.F.FWWWIW
” 1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
II
0659
E1-4-7
► REASON
► BASIC PRINCIPLE
Rl Ц] masa michi sato tada nori
osamu
5	Joyo-2	S11-4-7	K4593
96	A0091	®970	U7406
s
I
*
я
00 [original meaning] (spherical body) ball,
globe, sphere
0 [suffix] light bulb
a ER{$ kyutai sphere, globe
ERJF^ kyukei globular shape
ER$| куйкоп bulb
JfiER сЫкуй the Earth
®ER дапкуй eyeball
b 1®ER denkyu light bulb
©0 ball (in a sports game)
0 [also suffix] manner of delivering a ball,
esp. in baseball; ball
a SS kyugi ball game
El ER кокуй regulation ball
b JxER tokyu throwing a ball, pitching
№ER кокуй good pitch
J^ER sokkyQ fast ball
FjftER naikakkyu inside ball, insider
©0 ball game, -ball
0 abbrev. of if M уакуй: baseball
a If ER уакуй baseball
MER takkyu table tennis, ping-pong
HER teikyu tennis
b Hcffl kyudan baseball team
EREi kydjd baseball ground, ball park
[INDEPENDENT!
[kyu ER] globe, sphere, ball
[kun]
[tama ER] ball (in a sports game)
ERFaH tamahiroi picking up balls; poor
(ball) player
Й 0 ER tsuridama deceptive pitch
—	1	T	J J’ F		Iе	11
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 reason, what is right and proper
0 (rational thought) reason, logic, line of
thought
a S£B riso ideal
SS пуй reason, cause, ground
S^ rinen concept, idea
3(S dori reason, right, justice, truth
o'SKZX gdritekina rational, logical, rea-
sonable
murina unreasonable, unjustifiable;
impossible; forced; excessive; irrational
(equation)
b S'ft risei reason, reasoning power
SB rikutsu reason, logic; argument; pretext-
theory
S^EF^fe rifujinna unreasonable, unjust,
absurd
BfflS ronri logic
^S jori reason, logic
© realize, appreciate, understand
S^W'T-b rikaisuru understand, compre-
hend
© basic principle(s) (as of a science), ration-
ale of things, law, theory, doctrine
Sfra riron theory
MS genri principle, theory
MS shinri truth
xEiS teiri theorem, proposition
'L?S shinri mental state, mentality;
241
0658-0659
Е 4-7
1 -------------------------------------------------
1	psychology
zkJIl seiri physiological functions, physiology;
menstruation
J&ii	chiri geographical features, topography;
~/J	geography
|	tetsuri philosophy (of something)
00 natural science, physics
© abbrev. of ИЗД rika: science
J a rigaku (physical) science
.	rika science; science department
d4	butsurigaku physics, physical science
Д b Й1Ж rikei science (department)
ф 0 manage, run
Й1Ж riji director, trustee
kanrisuru administer, supervise,
manage, exercise control (jurisdiction]
over
shortsuru manage, deal with, dis-
pose of; process, treat
sdri-daijin prime minister
ft-RI dairi representation; agency; proxy,
deputy
rydrisuru cook; handle, manage
Ъ jurtsuru accept (a report)
© put in order, arrange
shortsuru repair, mend
seirisuru put in order, arrange;
liquidate, disorganize; retrench; cut, dis-
pose of
[independent!
[ri SI] truth
§ ВД jimei no ri self-evident truth, ax-
iom
5ft
0660
El -4-7
► LAPIS LAZULI
RYO RU
Names	511-4-7	K4616
D1860	0970.5	U7409
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (kind of gemstone) lapis lazuli
© abbrev. of гуйкуй: Okinawa
a ruri lapis lazuli, lapis lazuli blue; [archaic]
glass
ь гуйка Okinawan tanka, ryuka
9
0661
E1-4-7
► POLISH
TAKU ® taka migaku
5	Names	511-4-7	K3486
96	D1998	0971	U7422
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 polish [improve] one's skills, cultivate one's
mind
sessa-takuma working hard to-
gether, assiduity in friendly rivalry
В1-4-7
incorrect stroke-count
=>see D1-5-7: % at 0799
0662
E1-4-7
► REGARD
SHI
я	Jdyo-6	511-7-4	K2775
147	A0372	©972	U8996
Г it t If it4^ it®
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 [original meaning] (look at attentively) re-
gard, look at, gaze
© inspect, watch over
a shichosha viewer, audience
shikai field of vision, visibility
shiya field of vision; one's mental hori-
zon
shiryoku eyesight
fUt shikaku sense of sight
shiten viewpoint, point of view
gydshisuru stare, gaze at
Ъ chOshisuru gaze steadily at, ob-
serve (a person) closely
b shisatsu inspection, observation
Ъ kanshisuru watch, keep under
observation, exercise surveillance
junshi inspection tour
ИЖЯг keishichd Metropolitan Police Office
0 eyesight, vision
kinshi nearsightedness,
0660-0662
242
shortsightedness
0 [also suffix] regard as, consider
keishisuru make light of, despise;
neglect
ЙЙШ'Тtekishisuru regard as an enemy
mushisuru ignore, disregard
juydshisuru regard as impor-
tant, think much of
0663
E1-4-7
► REMOVE
► ESCAPE FROM
DATSU nu(gu) nu(geru)
я	Joyo	S11-4-7	K3506
130	B0780	®973	U8131
) Л fl fl ifl'
123456789
Я^Ж
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also prefix] remove, eliminate, de- (as in
decarbonate)
Ф remove (one’s) clothes, take off, undress
а ЯЙЯн dasshi fat removal
ЯЙЯЕ: datsumo removal of hair; falling out of
hair
ЯЙ'& dasshoku decolorization
ЯЙЖ dassui dehydration
ь ЯЙЙ datsubo taking off one's cap [hat]; sub-
mission
ЯЙЙ datsui undressing
ЯЙЙс dappi ecdysis; self-renewal
©0 get out of place, come off
0 leave out by mistake, omit; be left out, be
omitted
а ЯЙШ dassen derailment; deviation, aberra-
tion
ЯЙЯГ dakko prolapseoftheanus
ЯЙЕГ dakkyu dislocation
ьЯЙЖ1*^> datsuraku suru be omitted; fall
away [behind], drop out
ЙМЙ itsudatsu deviation, departure from the
norm
® [also prefix] escape from (an undesirable
situation), get away from, extricate oneself
from, withdraw from
ЯЙ?Й datsuzei tax evasion
4-7 Д
ЯЙлИ dattai withdrawal, secession	1
ЯЙЖ dasshutsu escape, extrication
ЯЙхё dasso desertion, escape
ЯЙШ datsugoku prison break, jailbreak	,
ЯЙЯТdakkyaku suru get rid of; slough ™
off	j
ЯЙзх dakkai withdrawal (from an organiza-
tion)	X
ЯЙ?зЙ datsusekiyu	extrication from de-	j
pendence on oil
Й6ЯЙ ridatsu	breakaway,	separation, seces-	%
sion	g
[KUN]
[nugu ЯЙ < J remove (one's) clothes, take
off, undress
ЯЙ to ~C Ъ nugisuteru throw off (clothes),
kick off (boots)
[nugeru ЯЙН-6] vi (of clothes or footwear)
come off, slip off
¥ИЙЯ1ЙИ%И Kutsu да nugenai My shoes
will not come off
► LEG
KYAKU kya ashi
0664	Я	Joyo	S11-4-7	K2151
D1-4-7	130	C1323	@974	U811A
				
I)	Ifl	I	11		r	I	г г да да	
123456789
IBWi
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] leg, foot
0 move on foot, walk, run
а ЯЙЛ kyakuryoku strength of one's legs;
walking ability
kyakusenbi beauty of leg lines
ЖЯ9 bakyaku horse's legs; one's true charac-
ter
kenkyakuno strong in walking
b angya pilgrimage; walking tour; tour
ЖЯЭД hikyaku express messenger; postman
(in former times)
00 (leg-shaped support) leg, base
0 foot, lower part, bottom
а Я^РпК kyakubu leg (as of a table)
243
0663-0664
J 4-7
1	kyatatsu footstool; stepladder
sankyaku tripod
r	kydkyaku bridge pier
. b ЙРЙЕ kyakuchu footnote
Я IZMIR'S rikkyaku suru be based on
f © plot of a play, script
zr ЙРФ kyakuhon script, playbook, drama, sce-
nario
J	kyakushoku dramatization
[KUN]
[ashi M] (leg-shaped support) leg
sanbon'ashinotsukue three-
legged table
[HOMOPHONES]
ashi JS FOOT =>1386
ЯЙ 0665	► BRAIN NO			
	я	Jdyo-6	S11-4-7	K3930
E1-4-7	130	B0602	®975	U8133
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also prefix] [original meaning] brain
0 (intellectual capacity) brain(s), intellect, mind
a ЯЙ9Й nozui brain
ЯЙ^ поел brain inflammation, encephalitis
ЯЙ/ШЯЙ nosaibo brain cells
ЯЙ^Е noshi brain death
З^СЯЙ daind cerebrum
b ЯЙМ nori brain, mind, memory
ДЙЯЙ zuno brain; brains, head
МЯЙ shuno head, leader
[INDEPENDENT!
[nd ЯЙ] brain; brains
ЯЙО|Д(й nonosonsho brain damage
0666
E1-4-7
► PIG
TON buta
	Joyo	S11-7-4	K3858
152	D1849	®976	U8C5A
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] pig, hog, swine
0 pig [hog] meat, pork
a Ж cr tonsha pigsty, pigpen
ИЖ yoton swine keeping
ьШЛ'У tonkatsu pork cutlet
[KUN]
[buta Ж J pig, hog, swine, boar; pig [hog]
meat, pork
ЖлМИ butagoya hogpen
“ГЖ kobuta piglet
ЖЙ butaniku pork, hog meat
ЖЙ1 butabako slang police cell,jug
► REGULATION
KI Ц] nori tadashi
0667
В1-4-7
ж	Jdyo-5	S11-7-4	K2112
147	A0321	®978	U898F
- h $ $ RW

10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 REGULATION, rule, standard
0 regulate, control
а ЙЙЕ kitei regulations, rules; provisions
kisoku rule, regulation
kiyaku agreement, rules, bylaws
kiritsu order, discipline; regulation, law
ШвЙ kihan standard, norm, criterion
kikaku standard, norm
£ЙФ kijun standard, criterion
jufeSl hoki lawsand regulations
0665-0667
244
4-8 Д
|Й]£Й naiki private rules [regulations], bylaws
koki school regulations
b	kiseisuru regulate, control
shinkini newly
0 [original meaning] compass
kiku standard, rule; compass and ruler
kibo scale, scope
aElBI jdgi ruler, rule, square
0668	► EVENING BAN			
	0	Jdyo-6	S12-4-8	K4053
E1-4-8	72	C1461	®979	U6669
ICOMPOUNDSl	1
0 [original meaning] dawn, daybreak	
gyoten dawn	F—4
ВЙЖ. gyosei morning star, Venus	
^ВЙ копдуб at daybreak today	,	
[kun]	1
[akatsuki ВЙ] dawn, daybreak	
® Ю x akatsuki no sora dawning sky	£	
rt—p- ►FINE WEATHER	
И J-—/* SEI ha(reru) ha(re) ha(re)-	
H l—j -ba(re) ha(rasu) Ц] haru	
0670 В Joyo-2	S12-4-8 K3218 .
В1-4-8	72 Cl 059	®981 U6674 JL
1 п 0 0 0" 1	2	3	4	5	0^0^ 6	7	8	9
I П H 0 В?0л0ГВ^
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
О EVENING, night
B%^7 bangata toward evening
bansho evening bell, curfew (bell)
ЙЯЖ bangohan supper
maiban every evening [night]
konban this evening, tonight
^B%ki konban wa good evening
0 late in life
Bft^ bangaku late education
bannen late in life
Bft® bankon late marriage
[Independent!
[ban B&] evening, night
№ IC ban ni in the evening
►dawn
r|~T P GYO akatsuki Ц] aki ake satoshi
Hy [| kyd satoru akira
0669 E1-4-8	0 72	Joyo	S12-4-8	K2239
		D1924	®980	U6681
I П H	|b b" b+Ib^Wb*			
.1	23456789
10.ii.ii.
123456789
“ft0#0#
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] fine weather, fair
weather, clear [cloudless] sky, bright sky
Br^c seiten fine [fair] weather, cloudless sky
Нн Ж nt seiukei barometer
seikdudoku working in the field in
fine weather and reading at home in
rainy weather
BrU seidon fine and cloudy weather
[KUN]
[hareru Ph clear up, become fine; cease
to rain; be dispelled, be dissipated
ArWc^E haretasora clear [cloudless] sky
utagaiдаhareru be cleared
of a charge
[hare Br tl] fine weather, clear sky
Bit H hare no hi fine day; formal occa-
sion
[hare- Br tl-J formal, ceremonial, gala
Br haregi one's best (clothes), gala
[holiday] dress
внПй-а harebutai gala occasion
[-bare -Br tl] [suffix] fine weather, bright
sky
31Л BWn satsukibare fine weather in early
summer [during the rainy season]
245
0668-0670
J 4-8
। ШЖЛtsuyubare sunny spell during the
rainy season
[harasu Bf^TJ
□ О dispel (doubts or gloom), clear away
Д MBrj 6 L kibarashi diversion, relaxation
|	H ^Br 6 utagai о harasu dispel
doubts
О unclassified compounds
£ ЖВн bLH subarashii splendid, magnifi-
-p	cent, wonderful, excellent
ЙВЙ b L miharashi view, outlook
? ---------------------------------------
~ 0671	*	Jdyo-6	S12-4-8	K4332
El-4-8	75	C1489	®983	U68D2
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] rod, stick, bar, pole, staff,
club
Wtt bojo cylinder or rod-shaped
botakatobi pole vault [jump]
bojutsu bojutsu (art of using a stick as a
weapon), cudgels
WW keibo policeman's club, nightstick
amibo knitting needle
tUTW konbd cudgel, club
tetsubo iron rod; horizontal bars
shinbo axle, shaft, arbor
nobebo ingot
0 in a straight line, straight
bodachi standing erect
bdyomi reading without expression;
reading a Chinese classical text without
translating it into Japanese
ШB§BE boanki memorization word by word
© tough guy, fellow, chum
/ЛШ dorobo thief, crook
yojinbo bodyguard, bouncer; bar,
bolt
aibo pal, mate, companion
[INDEPENDENT!
[bo rod, stick, bar, pole, staff, club,
baton; straight line, dash
bodenaguru hit with a club
□ I/— Ь ©S chokoreto no bo bar of
chocolate
0672
Б1-4-8
► SHELF
tana -dana
	Joyo	S12-4-8	K3510
75	C1578	®984	U68DA
- it t it ifl ifl ifl ifl)
123456789
WflMi
10	11	12
[KUN]
[tana fl, -dana -fl]
© [also suffix] shelf, rack, ledge, mantelpiece
© (natural shelflike structure) shelf, ledge (Of
rock)
a ffifil L tanaoroshi inventory
tanabota windfall, godsend
tanaage suru shelve (up), pi-
geonhole
ffi 51 < tanabiku trail, hang [lie] over
Wffi shodana bookshelf
Tffl] hondana bookshelf
shokkidana cupboard, sideboard
b Sffi iwadana ledge
IHOMQPHONESI
tana Й? SHOP ^>@3085
0673
Cl-4-8
► COFFIN
KAN
	Joyo	S12-4-8	K2029
75	D2108	®985	U68FA
' ,-i X * НТО7
123456789
10	11	12
0671-0673
246
4-8
ICOMPOUNDSI
© [original meaning] coffin, casket
kan'oke coffin, casket
ttfit sekkan sarcophagus
ЙйТЪ nokan suru place a body in a coffin
shukkan carrying the coffin out of the
house
► EXAMINE
KEN
*	Joyo-5	S12-4-8	K2401
75	A0293	®986	U691C
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 examine, inspect, investigate, verify, test,
check
0 examination, inspection, test, -opsy
a kensa inspection, examination, test
Ъ kentd suru examine, study, inves-
tigate
kenshin medical examination
kensho verification, identification; in-
spection
kensatsu criminal investigation; prose-
cution
kenji public prosecutor
ken'etsu censorship; inspection, review
kenben stool examination
kentei examination; official approval
tanken exploration, expedition
tenken inspection, examination
b shaken automobile inspection
—santoken test for third-grade articles
© detect, search, measure
Ъ kensaku suru look up (a word in a
dictionary), search for, refer to
kenshutsu suru detect, find
ken'on thermometry
0675
E1-4-8
► SHOGI
KI
*	Joyo	512-4-8	K2093
75	C1543	®987	U68CB
Г
1
' t it it rww
123456789
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
© shogi, Japanese chess; chess
kishi professional go [shogi] player
kikai go circles; shogi circles
Шпэ kifu record of a game of shogi [go]
ШЖ kido art of shogi [go]
shogi shogi, Japanese chess
seiyd-shogi chess
0676
В1-4-8
H
*
I
%
я
t
► APHANANTHE ASPERA
RYO muku ® mukunoki kura
	Names	512-4-8	K4426
75	D2339	®988.5	U690B
[KUN]
[ m U ku Ш ] APHANANTHE ASPERA
® О т|ч тики no ki Aphananthe aspera
► PLANT
SHOKU u(eru) u(waru) Щ ue tane
0677	*	Jdyd-3	S12-4-8	K3102
E1-4-8	75	B0770	®990	U690D
I:	it	t		It		itd;	ritttw	
123456789
ttt^tt'
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] plant
ffitSf shokuju tree planting
shokusai raising trees and plants
ishoku transplanting
© plant, plants, vegetation
247
0674-0677
J 4-8
1	shokubutsu plant, vegetation
shokubutsuen botanical garden
Ц4. shokusei vegetation
a	ddshokubutsu animals and plants
1=1 © colonize, settle
I	shokuminchi colony, settlement
Atfi nyushoku settlement, immigration
[KUN]
[ueru Ж A <5 ] plant, raise, grow
I	К A ueki garden plant, shrub, pot plant
EBffiA taue rice planting
Q [uwaru	be PLANTed
Я______________________________________________
0678
E1-4-8
► BLOCK
TO типе типа- JD mine
*	Joyo	512-4-8	K3779
75	C1459	®991	U68DF

0679
В1-4-8
ICOMPOUNDSl
► SPINE
► CHINQUAPIN
TSUI ZUI SUI shii
*	Names	512-4-8	K3639
75	D1863	®991.5	U690E
0 spine, backbone
It# tsuikotsu vertebra
sekitsui spine, backbone
[kun]
[shii It] CHINQUAPIN
It3fx shiitake shiitake (mushroom),
Cortinellus shiitake
lt<Z)W shii no mi sweet acorn
E1-4-8
incorrect stroke-count
=>see C1 -4-9: I at 0695
incorrect stroke-count
=>see El 1 -4-9: I at 0698
E1-4-8
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] (long building or part thereof)
block, building, ward
0 counter for blocks of flats or buildings
a ЯЙ1Ж byoto (hospital) ward
kenkyushitsuto research labora-
tory building, laboratory block
b ЖНШ daisanto Block No. 3
0 [original meaning] ridge, edge of a roof
jotoshiki ceremony of raising the
ridgepole
[KUN]
[типе Ш
О ridge, ridgepole
IS-hlcf muneage ridgepole raising
0 building, house
5ШЖ betsumune another building, outhouse
[muna- ®-] ridge, ridgepole
mx munagawara ridge tile
munagi ridgepole
0680
E1-4-8
► MULTIPLY
SHOKU fu(eru) fu(yasu)
Joyo	512-4-8	K3103
C1447	®994	U6B96
1	2	3
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (produce offspring) multiply,
propagate, breed
0 (increase the quantity of, esp. wealth) multiply,
increase, make (money)
a	zoshokusuru multiply, propagate,
increase
hanshokusuru breed, propagate,
increase, multiply
seishoku reproduction, procreation,
generation
b ЖЙ shokusan increase of production;
enhancement of one's fortune
0678-0680
248
?УЖ rishoku moneymaking
[KUN]
[fueru ЖЛ-6] vi (increase of its own accord)
MULTIPLY/ increase/ propagate—said esp. of
wealth or living things
ЯГ/^ЖЛ<5 Hae да fueru Flies multiply
йЛ1^ЖЛ-6 zaisan да fueru become rich
[fuyasu Ж'^Г] vt (cause to multiply of its own
accord) multiply/ increase/ propagate, aug-
ment—said esp. of wealth or living things
ftf	chokin о fuyasu increase
one's savings
ЖЙ^Ж^ТГ kachiku о fuyasu breed cat-
tle
[HOMOPHONES]
fueru Ж INCREASE =>0483
fuyasu Я! INCREASE =>0483
0681
E1-4-8
► BURN
SHO ya(ku) ya(ki) ya(ki)- -ya(ki)
ya(keru)
Jdyd-4	S12-4-8	K3038
B0983	®997	U713C
0 [original meaning] (set or be set on fire) burn,
incinerate
© be BURNt (down), be destroyed by fire
а	shdkyaku suru destroy by fire,
incinerate
shoshin jisatsu suicide by fire,
burning oneself to death
shokosuru burn [offer] incense
shoidan incendiary bomb
shoshi death by fire
shochu shochu (low-class distilled spir-
-H itS)
b Ъ zenshosuru be burnt down
hansho partial destruction by fire
Ъ ruisho suru catch fire from next
door
4-8 П
—--------------------------------------------1
[KUN]
[yaku SKJvt
O0 BURN, set on fire, incinerate; scorch;
cauterize	Q
© bake (pottery), fire	.
0 cremate
а ЖЙ cf sumiyaki charcoal making	J?
b	yakimono pottery, porcelain, earth- r
enware
c	yakiba crematory	J
0 cook by fire: bake, roast, broil, grill, toast
yakiami toasting grill, broiling grill
© burn with jealousy, be envious	Я
off#x yakimochi jealousy; roast rice cake £
[yaki gT] roasting, broiling; baking, toast-
ing
jScfOS yaki no tarinai underfired
[yaki- gM [also prefix] roasted, broiled,
baked, parched
yakiimo baked sweet potato
yakitori grilled chicken
Й аГЖ yakimeshi frizzled [fried] rice
gTJELSh yakidofu broiled bean curd
'J^g^STSl yakisoba chow mein
yakiniku roast meat, у a kiniku
[-yaki [also suffix]
О roasted, baked or fried food
sukiyaki sukiyaki
teppan'yaki meat and vegetables
roasted on hot plate
H EEffi cf medamayaki fried eggs, sunny
side up
0 ware, pottery, porcelain
WEBSgT aritayaki Arita ware [porcelain]
[yakeru
O0 burn, be burnt, be destroyed by fire; be
scorched
© (of the sky) glow, burn
о'Й^Й yakeato ruins of fire
B'MW* hiyake suntan
b	уйуаке sunset glow
0 be cooked by fire: be baked, be roasted, be
broiled, be toasted
M	yokuyaketa well done, done
brown
249
0681
Е 4-8
► TRANSPARENT GEM
El Ц] yd akira teru aki
Н 0682
| И1-4-8
5	Names	S12-4-8	K1745
96	D2284	<S>999	U745B
0683
D1-4-8
► BEAUTIFUL GEM
RIN Щ tama
5	Names	S12-4-8	K4654
96	D2779	@1000.5	U7433
у
*
*
я
t
ICOMPOUNDSI
• [rare] BEAUTIFUL GEM
йшх rinrd beautiful gem
rinrdtaru like the tinkling sound
of a jade
0684
В1-4-8
► RETAINER'S STIPEND
ROKU m yoshi
*	Names	S12-4-8	K4729
113	D2199	®1002	U7984
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 (ration of rice paid to samurai in feudal Japan)
retainer's stipend, official pay, fief
ISiWj rokudaka amountof one's fief [stipend]
horoku retainer's stipend, official pay
[salary]
biroku small stipend
0685
В1-4-8
► SWELL
CHO
я 130	Joyo	S12-4-8	K3617
	D3756	@1003	U8139
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 swell, expand, bulge
[]ЙЖ bochd expansion, swelling; growth, in-
crease
НХЖ shucho swelling, puffiness
Гр/Л ►WIN ►EXCEL JjyJ	SHO ka(tsu) -ga(chi) masa(ru) ® masa кас^' yoshi suguru suguri	
tH-4-8 Л Joyo-3	S12-2-10 K3001
19 A0110	@1005 U52DD
i) и й й я' i	Г|ГГ|Г
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 win, defeat
0 win, victory
0 counter for wins (in sports)
a shosha winner
isW’f-Ъ zensho suru win all the games,
make a clean sweep
ffiB yusho victory, championship
b ВЭД short victory, triumph, win
ВЖ shohai victory or defeat
ВЖ shdbu victory or defeat; match, game
kesshosen final round match, finals
MB taishd great [sweeping] victory
1ЙВ rensho straight victories
c — В—nishosanpai two wins and three
defeats
0 EXCEL, surpass, outdo
ЙВМ shushbna laudable, praiseworthy
[KUN]
[katsu 13]
O0 win, defeat, triumph
0 control (oneself), overcome
a BM kachi win, victory
kachitoru gain, win
b	aka да katte iru predomi-
nated by red
0 unclassified compounds
BM katte one's own way; convenience; cir-
cumstances; kitchen
[-gachi -B^J [suffix]
О apt to, prone to; predominated by
Й MB % Zii byokigachi da be prone to
0682-0686
250
4-8 Д
diseases
ЙУ® (C2 аЁ V W % 7z kyokutan ni
hashirigachi da be apt to go to ex-
tremes
0 WIN, victory
Ъ gyakutengachi suru win af-
ter defeat seems certain
[masaru В <5 ] excel, be better than, sur-
pass
ЛЖ 0 0 otokomasari no (of a woman)
strong-minded, spirited
subete nioitemasaru
excel in every respect
IHOMQPHONESI
katsu OVERCOME =^>1292
masaru ® SUPERIOR =>0130
0687
E1-4-8
► ARM
WAN ude
я	Joyo	SI 2-4-8	K4751
130	C1225	®1006	U8155

10	11	12
[compounds!
О ARM
В®Ж wanshd armband, arm badge
fl®9j wanryoku muscular strength
_hfl® jowan upper arm
Й£В®Й;^ sawan toshu left-handed pitcher
@ skill, ability
^fl® shuwan ability, skill
<ffl® saiwan ability, skill
®&fl® binwan ability, capability
© unclassified compounds
ВЙЙ wanpaku naughtiness, mischief
[kun]
[ude fl®] arm; skill, ability
fl®B§§+ udedokei wristwatch
fl® Д V * ude да ii be skilled, be able
fl® HU udemae skill, ability, capacity
fl®?ljof udekiki man of ability
a
0688
В1-4-8
► MALE
► HEROIC
YU o- osu Ц] katsu take takeshi
kazu taka
1
в	Joyo	S12-8-4	K4526
172	B0539	®1008	U96C4
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (of plants or animals) male
St JiT yuzui (=oshibe) stamen
iftftSt shiyu male and female; victory or defeat
00 heroic, manly, brave, bold
© (impressive in scale) heroic, grand, mag-
nificent
a Sttt/X yusona brave, heroic, gallant
Sti£ yushi brave [imposing] figure
St®f yudan manly decision
b St^F/£ yubenna eloquent, fluent
Stj®x££ уйкоппа magnificent, sublime;
vigorous, bold
St Bl yuto ambitious enterprise, grand project
Ъ yuhisuru launch out, embark upon
(a career)
St^Zi yddaina grand, magnificent, heroic
0 hero, great man, great leader, master
5? St eiyu hero
Ж St rybyu two great men
IrfSt дип'уй rival leaders [barons]
В
1
%
я
I
[KUN]
[О- St-]
0 (of plants) MALE
© manly, masculine
0 (of animals) male
а StTE obana male flower
b St St LH ooshii manly, brave, heroic
c oushi bull, steer
[osu St] (ofanimals) male
St^k osuinu male dog
[HOMOPHONES]
o-
ttx =>®839
251
0687-0688
Е 4-9
"I MAN =>1613
osu Ф£х =>@839
В
t
I
5
%
я
► DARK
AN kura(i) |Ц kura
0689	H	Jdyd-3	S13-4-9	K1637
E1-4-9	72	Cl 099	®1010	U6697
I	П	R	H	h’		H1"		0^
2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
К Ф <4 1
O0 [original meaning] dark, dim
0 DARKness
0 [also prefix] DARK-colored
а Rs Ж ankoku darkness
R^^ anshitsu darkroom
Rs Я an'un dark clouds
ВеЖ an'ya dark night
b Rs ФШЖ anchd-mosaku groping in the
dark
ВДРез meian light and dark; contrast
c R§fe anshoku dark color
Re^fi ansekishoku dark red
0 in the dark, hidden, secret
R*® ansatsu assassination
Ria Я" ango code, password
Ria Ж ansho sunken rock, unknown reef; dead-
lock
Rs^O anmokuno tacit
Rs Z5 anji hint, suggestion
0 from memory, by heart, by rote
Ria IB*?"Ъ ankisuru learn by heart, memorize
R^n^T^) ansho suru recite from memory
Ria Ж anzan mental arithmetic [calculation]
[KUN]
[kurai Rs	dark, dim; (ofcolors) dark;
(producing gloom) dark, dreary, dismal;
(concealed) dark, shadowy, shady
Rs$ kurasa darkness; gloom
Ria HI* kurayami in darkness
iWRlaH usugurai gloomy, dim
Rs	kurai iro dark color
Rh	kurai kimochi ninaru feel
gloomy
fl ► WARM
DAN NON* atata(ka) atata(kai)
atata(maru) atata(meru) Ц] haru
0690	0	Jdyo-6	S13-4-9	K3540
El-4-9	72	C1510	®1011	U6696
				
1 П !R 1	2	3	Iй 4	5	Ш j v, L ПЗ j V «,	8	9	
12	3	4
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 warm (esp. weather), mild, genial, temper-
ate
0 warm (the surrounding air), warm up, heat
о Й'/лЕ danryu warm current
ЙЙЁ danchi warm district, region of mild cli-
mate
Й^ danto mild winter
dan'ihoshoku warm clothes and
plenty to eat
'/тЙД ondanna warm, mild
b RJt^ danbo heating
Й4Я danro fireplace, stove
R8M danki warmth, warm weather
«Iх noren shop curtain, noren; credit, repu-
tation
[kun]
[atataka ЙМ
atatakana Й^Х£ sameasatatakai
ЙЙ^ atatakami warmth
Й/^££^Ф atataka na mofu warm blanket
[atatakai ЙЙЧ^]
O0 (of weather) warm, mild, genial, temper-
ate
0 WARM (color)
а Й/^$ atatakasa warmth
H ЙЙЙ^И Куб wa atatakai It is warm
today
b Й/M^fe atatakai iro warm color
0 WARMhearted, kindhearted, sympathetic
Й^НД atatakaihito warmhearted person
[atatamaru Й^&] (surrounding air rises in
temperature) get warm, be warmed, warm
atatamatta kdki warmed air
0689-0690
252
4-9 П
[atatameru	(warm up the surrounding
air) warm, warm up, heat
heya о atatameru heat the
room
[HOMOPHONES!
atatakai fi warm =>0442
atatamaru WARM =>0442
atatameru fi warm =>0442
►FREETIME HtZyy. KA hima			
0691	0 E1-4-9	72	Joyo	S13-4-9	K1843
	C1443	@1012	U6687
I п н в Bn		B’ Bf Bf B|	
123456789
H^yl0pl0gl
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 free time, spare time, leisure
0 leave of absence, vacation
a ^® yoka leisure, spare time
\l*® sunka moment's leisure
ft® куйка holiday, vacation
ь f8® shika leave of absence, furlough
sit® seika requestfor leave of absence; leave
of absence
[KUN]
[hima ® ] free time, spare time, leisure
®ЖХ L himatsubushi time killer; waste of
time
® V * hima да nai have no (free) time,
be busy
► SUNLIGHT
KI Ц] teru akira aki hikaru hikari
0692
El-4-9
0	Names	S13-4-9	K5886
72	D2190	@1012.5	U6689
Eompoundsi
0 [rare] sunlight, sunshine, rays of the sun
rakki the setting sun
0693
D1-4-9
► CAMELLIA
CHIN CHUN tsubaki
*	Names	S13-4-9	K3656
75	C1573	@1014.5	U693F
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 unexpected occurrence
chinji accident, mishap; disaster
[kun]
[tsubaki CAMELLIA
tsubakiabura camellia oil
a 0694	► MAPLE FU kaede			
	*	Names	S13-4-9	K4186
E1-4-9	75	D2586	@1015	U6953
ICOMPOUNDSI
[ »	44 JHI
0 maple, maple tree
Sft furin maplegrove
ШЙё kanpukai maple-leaf viewing
[KUN]
[kaede Ш] maple, maple tree
ЙЙЙ kaedetd maple sugar
0695
C1-4-9
► EXTREME
► POLE
KYOKU GOKU kiwa(meru)
kiwa(maru) kiwa(mari) kiwa(mi)
[Ц kiwa
	Jdyd-4	S13-4-9	K2243
75	B0508	@1017	U6975
i.i.raw
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also suffix] (utmost or exceedingly great)
extreme, utmost, maximum, ultimate,
highest, ultra-, hyper-
© extreme, utmost point, extremity, limit
0 reach the extreme, go to extremes
253
0691-0695
Е 4-9
1 a SFfffiZX kyokutan па extreme; radical
куокидеп utmost limits, limit
r	gokuraku Buddhism paradise
n b	kyokuu extreme right
*-*	kyokuto Far East
I	kyokudo highest degree, extreme
, c	gokuchotanpa ultrashort waves
®ffl kyokkei capital punishment, extreme
ЭЕ	penalty
.	® Л kyokuryoku to the utmost, to the best
F	of one's power
Л ЙЙО куйкуокипо ultimate, extreme
_ Sffi shigoku very, most, exceedingly, ex-
7C tremely
sekkyokuteki na positive, active
/4 00 geographical POLE
Л Ф magnetic pole, electrical pole, electrode
a kyokko aurora
®kyokuchi polar regions, pole
hokkyoku North Pole
b enukyoku magnetic north pole
takyokuka multipolarization
yokyoku positive pole, anode
[INDEPENDENT!
[kyoku ffi] extreme, extremity, height,
climax, zenith; (magnetic or geographical) pole
® SL 0 S jU’T Ъ konran no kyoku ni
tassuru come to extreme disorder
[goku EXTREMEly, very, most
ffi/h $ И доки chiisai very small
[KUN]
[kiwameru
0 carry to extremity, go to extremes, be
extremely (cruel)
0 go to the extreme [end], reach an extreme,
go to the highest point
a kiwamete extremely, very
□ ®	Ъ kuchi о kiwamete
homeru be lavish in another's praise
hinkon оkiwameru be re-
duced to extreme poverty, be extremely
poor
b JtL®<56<5 mikiwameru see through, discern;
ascertain, grasp
sancho о kiwameru reach
the summit
[kiwamaru ® [also suffix] reach an
extreme (state or point), be extremely
(dangerous)
kankiwamaru be overcome with
emotion
kikenkiwamaru extremely
dangerous
[kiwamari Й0 ] extremity, limit
® О ЙЙ H kiwamarinai extremely, in the
extreme
tsukaikiwamarinai be
extremely thrilling
[kiwami height, apex, utmost
eiga no kiwami apex of pros-
perity
IHOMQPHONESI
kiwameru
Й BE IN EXTREMITY =>1525
2b STUDY EXHAUSTIVELY =>1398
kiwamaru
Й BE IN EXTREMITY =>1525
S VALLEY =>®2043
kiwamari Й be in extremity =>1525
kiwami Й be in extremity => 1525
	► CAMPHOR TREE NAN kusu kusunoki			
0696	*	Names	S13-4-9	K3879
В1-4-9	75	D1841	®1018	U6960
[KUN] [kusu	CAMPHOR TREE kusunoki camphor tree [kusunoki ЙП CAMPHOR TREE				
	► TALL BUILDING RO			
0697		Joyo	S13-4-9	K4716
И1-4-9	75	D2098	®1019	U697C
				
F	t	F		F		F	i	LO	
123456789
10	11	12	13
0696-0697
254
[COMPOUNDS] • [original meaning] tall building, tower, storied building; watchtower, lookout rdkaku multistoried building Й11Й shoro bell tower, belfry SUB boro watchtower, observation tower, lookout 31 JU tic gosoro five-storied building [tower] ЙЙ кого lofty [high] building; skyscraper %) toro suru go into a tall building; visit a brothel matenro skyscraper				
w	► COCONUT YA [1] yashi			
0698	*	Names	S13-4-9	K6031
E1-4-9	75	D4023	@1019.2	U6930
ICOMPOUNDSI • coconut tree; coconut yashi coconut tree; coconut				
SB	► WILLOW YO HO yana yanagi			
0699		Names	S13-4-9	K4544
El-4-9	75	D2006	©1019.5	U694A
[COMPOUNDS! • WILLOW JIVtJItJ tsumayoji toothpick [NOTE] ★do not confuse with Ш raise high =>0433				
	► SMOKE EN kemu(ru) kemuri kemu(i)			
0700	'X	Joyo	S13-4-9	K1776
El-4-9	86	C1343	©1021	U7159
				
‘ i 1	2	3	4		Г|: 5	rn 6 7	8	9
12	13
4-9 П
— "	-------------------------------- 1
ICOMPOUNDSI
О SMOKE
entotsu chimney, smokestack
fl? Ж enmaku smoke screen	g
О smoking, cigarettes	.
kin'en NO SMOKING; giving up smoking
!|<fl? kitsuen smoking
ЖЙРВ ken'enken right to dislike smoking	-p
setsuen moderation in smoking
[KUN]	%
[kemuru fl?<5] smoke	|
[kemuri fl?] smoke, fumes
flU3/£<5 kemurininaru vanish in thin air
Wfl? yukikemuri smoky snow flakes
[kemui Й?И] smoky
fliZtH кет и tai smoky; feeling awkward
[SPECIAL READINGS]
0?ЖЖ tabako tobacco; cigarette
fl? Ж HIA tabakoya tobacco shop
IK frh £ <4 J
0701
В1-4-9
► VEXED
HAN BON wazura(u)
wazura(wasu)
Joyo	S13-4-9	K4049
D2268	©1022	U7169
1 *4 и
123456789
ww
10	11	12	13
[COMPOUNDS]

О [original meaning] vexed, annoyed, irritated,
troubled, worried
hanmon anguish, worry
ЙНЙ bonno worldly desires, carnal desires
О vexatious, intricate, confused, entangled
hanzatsuna vexatious, troublesome,
intricate
ffiSTZi hansana vexatious, troublesome,
complicated
[KUN]
[wazurau Я О ] worry about, feel anxious,
be VEXED
H wazurai worry, agony, vexation
255
0698-0701
Е 4-9
т--------------------------------------------
1	ЖЪ L И wazurawashii vexatious,trouble-
some, complicated
omoiwazurau worry about, be
vexed
0 [wazurawasu ЖЪТ] trouble, bother, give
trouble; annoy, pester, vex
г	hitode о wazurawasu trou-
A	ble a person
J	kokoro о wazurawasu worry
oneself over
IHOMOPHONESI
Я wazurau Ж affected by disease =>1760
wazurai Ж affected by disease =>1760
[» ф Н4 ai
a pf kizui auspicious [good] omen
b zuishd auspicious sign, good omen
zuicho auspicious sign, good omen
ЯёЯ zuiun auspicious clouds
[kun]
[mizu- ®j-] young and fresh, vigorous
IffijSj mizumizushii young and fresh,
fresh-looking, juicy
mizuhonokuni Land of Vigorous
Rice Plants, Japan
IHOMOPHONESI
mizu- 7k WATER =>0003
0702
В1-4-9
► FORTUNE
FUKU Щ tomi yoshi
► CORAL
GO KO
5	Names	S13-4-9	K2474
96	D4023	®1025.5	U745A
ICOMPOUNDSl
• CORAL
ЖГЙЯ sango coral
0705		Jdyd-3	S13-4-9	K4201
E1-4-9	113	A0426	®1029	U798F
		: -					 : -		
' 2 J? 1	2	3		1 4		й	: 5	f' 6	7	О 1 m 8	9
12	3	4
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
ICOMPOUNDSl
0703
E1-4-9
► EXQUISITE
YO ® tama
5	Names	S13-4-9	K6486
96	D2879	®1026	U7476
0 [rare] exquisite, beautiful like a gem, glitter-
ing, splendid; ornamented with gems
ISla yodai beautiful building ornamented
with gems; fairyland
ЖЖ yogan exquisite countenance, beautiful
face
0 (good) fortune, blessing, good luck, pros-
perity, happiness
© (riches) fortune, wealth
a te® fukutoku fortune, happiness and pros-
perity
te^lj fukuri public welfare, well-being, pros-
perity
fukushi welfare
fee1 fukuin gospel, good news
shukufuku blessing
daifuku great fortune, good luck; rice
cake stuffed with bean jam
kafuku fortune and misfortune
kofukuna happy; blessed, fortunate
b yufukuna rich, wealthy
0704
E1-4-9
► AUSPICIOUS OMEN
ZUI SUI mizu- Ц] shirushi mitsu
tama
5	Names	S13-4-9	K3180
96	D1767	®1027	U745E
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 auspicious [good] omen, luck sign
0 auspicious, propitious, good
0706
E1-4-9
► CALAMITY
KA
	Joyo	S13-4-9	K1850
113	D2089	®1030	U798D
0702-0706
256
4-9 E
' т t It’ 1тп1т,п1т1я1т1,я1
...1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8  9
ЙЙМН1
10 11 12 13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] calamity, misfortune,
disaster, evil
kafuku fortune and misfortune
ЖЙс kakon root of evil
ДсШ saika accident, natural calamity, disaster,
misfortune
koka Yellow Peril
ХКШ suika flood disaster; drowning
sanka terrible disaster, crushing calam-
ity
► PROPITIOUS OMEN
TEI Щ sada yoshi tadashi sachi
tada tomo
0707
El-4-9
	Names	S13-4-9	K3687
113	D2072	®1031	U798E
0708	► ZEN ZEN			
		Joyo	S13-4-9	K3321
E1-4-9	113	D2016	®1032	U7985
7 j
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8...9
10	11	12	13
[COMPOUNDS!
0 zen Buddhism, Chan
© zen meditation, dhyana
a ffizn zenshu Zen sect
zenso Zen priest [monk]
zendera Zen temple
b	zazen Zen meditation
[INDEPENDENT!
[zen zen Buddhism; Zen meditation
Ji	► INTESTINES CHO	i
0709	Я Joyo-4 S13-4-9 K3618	в
E1-4-9	130 D1787 @1033 U8178	
|J |J iJ	J J’ Г Г r F	
123456789 FJfJW 10	11	12	13 ICOMPOUNDSl		i T Я
• [original meaning] intestines, entrails, bow-
els
Ji^£ chden enteritis
W Ji icho stomach and intestines [bowels]
ЛЬЛ shocho small intestine
JKJi datcho enterocele
Ж Ji mocho cecum, appendix
SFJi'T-b kanchosuru give an enema
[INDEPENDENT!
[cho Ji] intestines, entrails, bowels
JiO^M chonobyoki bowel disease
[ » 4= 44
0710
E1-4-9
► BELLY
FUKU hara
я	Jdyd-6	S13-4-9	K4202
130	C1310	@1034	U8179
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] belly, abdomen, stomach,
bowels
ЖдК fukubu abdomen, belly
J®W fukutsu stomachache, abdominal pain
ТЙЖ manpuku full belly, satiety
WJ® seppuku harakiri, suicide by disembow-
elment
zr-JS kufuku empty stomach, hunger
© heart, mind, intention
Я®Ж fukuan plan, scheme, idea
J®'L? fukushin trusted friend, trusted retainer
257
0707-0710
Е 4-9
[hara MJ belly, abdomen; bowels; stomach;
womb; intention, guts; temper
3	Ж—ff haraippai full stomach
j.	shitahara abdomen
ЖЙ1Н harachigai (born) of a different
£	mother, half-blooded
_	И & \L T%) hara о tateru get angry, take
offense
amt	► waist
ЦЦ	Yd koshi
[ »	40
я	Joyo	S13-4-9	K2588
130	C1282	®1036	U8170
F,	F)		
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] waist, hips, loin, pelvic
region
JScnB ydbu waist, hips
JSHfl yokan hips
yotsu lumbago, pain in the hips
ЛВсй yoi hip measurement
ЙНЖ saiyo slender hips
[kun]
[koshi Ш
0 waist, hips, loin, pelvic region
0 (middle part) waist; (of garments) waist, hips
a koshibone hipbone, innominate bone
ashikoshi legs and loins
JSSRj'-b koshikakeru sit down
b koshimaki loincloth
0712
E1-4-9
► STUBBORN
GAN
Ж	Joyo	S13-9-4	K2072
181	C1329	®1040	U9811
I' It Itf я |тГ|т1Г|тгВД
	71®	Tlf	
IcompoundsI
0 stubborn, obstinate; hardheaded, thick-
headed
0 (unyielding) stubborn, firm, tenacious
a jSHft gankona stubborn, obstinate, big-
oted
gankyona stubborn, unyielding
ganjona solid, firm; strong
jStS ganken robust health
b ЙВЗВ'Ь ganbaru persist, be tenacious, hold
out
► DEPOSIT
YO azu(keru) azu(karu)
0713	Ж	Jdyd-5	S13-9-4	K4534
И1-4-9	181	B0999	®1042	U9810
izz	* T r	г			
123456789
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 DEPOSIT
Ж^ yokin deposit, bank account
ЖгЕ'З-^) yotakusuru deposit
yochokin deposits and savings, bank
account
ЖЛТyoketsu suru deposit blood (in a
blood bank)
[kun]
[azukeru Ж W'&J deposit, entrust, leave
with; leave (a child) in the care of
ЖН" azuke custody, keeping
azukekin key money
Ж^АЛТб azukeireru make a deposit
[azukaru	receive on deposit, take
charge of, keep
Ж/fr* 0 azukari custody; undecided match,
draw, tie
®ЖЖ^ ty hogoazukari safe deposit
0711-0713
258
[HOMOPHONESI
azukaru give =>03421
	► DISTRIBUTE WIDELY HAN	
0714	Ж Joyo	S13-9-4 K4050
D1-4-9	181 D2879	®1043 U9812
	I"? I# I#1	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
		
10	11	12	13 ICOMPOUNDSl		
• distribute WIDELY, circulate, promulgate
ЙЙ'Й? hanpu distribution, circulation
ЙЙЛ hanka distribution price
0715
E1-4-9
► EULOGIZE
SHO JU m nobu
Ж	Names	S13-9-4	K8083
181	D3233	®1045	U980C
[compounds!
• eulogize, extol, praise highly
shotoku eulogy
JJi Klhata
0716	# I Joyo-41 S14-4-10 K209?
E1-4-10	70 01207 ®1047 U65D7
' ' j £ ГП			
10	11	12	13	14
[COMPOUNDS!
0 flag, banner, standard, ensign
© [suffix] flag, emblem
а ЖЖ kikan flagship
ЖФ kishu standard bearer
Sffi kokki national flag
hanki о hirugaesu rise the
4-10 Д
---------------------------------------------- 1
standard of revolt, raise in revolt	1
b seijoki the Stars and Stripes
kokurenki United Nations Emblem
В ЖЖ nisshoki Rising Sun flag	.
IKUN]
[hata ffi] flag, banner, standard, ensign
hataage raising an army; launching ft
business
ФЖ tebata semaphore [hand] flag
IHOMOPHONESI	Я
hata 1ЙГ =>0723
► GENERAL
GAI
0717	Ж	Joyo	S14-4-10	K1921
E1-4-10	75	C1402	®1048	U6982
- 1 > > J1 f' f # #
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 general, on the whole, approximate, rough
0 GENERAL outline
а Ж fra gairon outline, general remarks
МЖ gaisan approximation, rough estimate
[calculation]
ЙЖ gaikyd general condition [situation],
outlook
gainen general idea, concept
b MWS gairyaku outline, summary; roughly,
approximately
gaiyd outline, summary, synopsis
ichigaini unconditionally; wholly,
indiscriminately
taigai generally, mostly; probably,
maybe
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж deplore =>0462
259
0714-0717
4-10
0718
В1-4-10
► BIRCH
КА GE kaba ИО kanba
*	Names	S14-4-10	K1982
75	DI 971	©1048.5	U6A3A
[KUN]
[kaba
О BIRCH
shirakaba white birch, Betula tauschii
© reddish yellow
kabairo reddish yellow
► CONSTRUCT
► MIND
KO kama(eru) kama(u)
0719 E1-4-10	Ж 75	Jdyd-5	514-4-10	K2529
		A0354	©1049	U69CB
t	Il	il	1		Il~~:		
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (build by assembling parts)
construct, frame, assemble, form,
compose
© structure, framework, coNSTRUCTion,
fabrication
а 1ЙДЙ kosei composition, construction, forma-
tion, organization
кого structure, construction, framework
kdchikusuru construct, build
kobun sentence construction, syntax
b kiko mechanism, structure; system,
organization; frame, framework
kekko structure, construction; quite,
well enough, fairly well; all right; no
thank you
ЙИН kyoko fabrication, fiction
© plan coNSTRUCTively, frame, contrive,
devise
1Й®'Т<Ь kosdsuru conceive, contrive; plan
1ЙЙ kozu design, plot, plan
[KUN]
[kamaeru	set up (a house), take up,
keep; assume a posture, make ready
kamae structure, construction, style;
posture, attitude; enclosure radical (of
Chinese characters), embracing radical
® 1й ЛЪ kyo о kamaeru take up one's
residence
machikamaeru wait eagerly for,
be on the watch for
'ЫЙЛ. kokorogamae mental attitude;
preparation
[kamau Йо]
О mind, care about, be concerned about
kamawanai do not care [mind], be
indifferent (to)
ЛЖ4э Z)	V * Hito ga nan
to io to kamawanai I don't care what
people say about me
© care for; entertain
Z)	W H 4® < Dozo okamai naku
Please don't trouble yourself (on my ac-
count)
0720
E1-4-10
► PATTERN
MO BO
	Joyo-6	514-4-10	K4447
75	B0582	©1050	U6A21
10	11	12	13	14
			IM	ж
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (something worthy of imitation) pattern,
model, norm, exemplar
1ШЙ mohan model, pattern, example
HImokei model, pattern, mold
moshiki-hyohon type specimen
© pattern after, imitate, copy, model upon
того imitation, counterfeit
Ш1Й0 mogino imitation, sham, mock, simu-
lated
mogishiken mock examination
mohosuru imitate, copy
Ъ moshasuru copy, trace, reproduce
© (decorative design) pattern, design, figure
moyd pattern, design; appearance,
0718-0720
260
circumstances
kibo scale, scope
0721
В1-4-10
► HAZEL
SHIN hashibami hari han-
7k	Names	S14-4-10	K3126
75	D2203	@1050.5	U699B
[KUN]
[hashibami hazel, Corylus heterophylla
var. Thunbergii
[hari	alder, black alder, Alnusjaponica
[han- 1H-] [in compounds] alder, black alder,
Alnus japonica
han (=hari) no ki alder, black alder,
Alnus japonica
► PODOCARPUS
TEN SHIN maki
0722
В1-4-10
	Names	S14-4-10	K4374
75	D1882	@1051	U69D9
[kun]
[maki fit] podocarpus; cedar, white cedar
inumaki podocarpus, Podocarpus
macrophyllus
Ш
0723
El-4-10
► MODE
► FORMAL TITLE
YO sama
тк	Jdyd-3	SI 4-4-10	K4545
75	A0486	@1052	U69D8
IcompoundsI
O0 (manner of doing) mode, method, way,
manner, style
© [verbal suffix] way of doing
a Шз£ yoshiki mode, manner; style, order
imayo no modern, up to date
Kakujin kakuyo So many men, so
4-10 Д
------------------------------------------- 1
many ways	1
®Ш karayd Chinese style [design]
|я!Ш(С1 doyoni similarly
b ЙСсГ'Ш oyogiyo way of swimming	.
{±Ш^Ж V * shiyo да nai have no choice; it Л
is no use; cannot bear
0 (manner of being) mode, state, aspect, ap- ,
pearance
yoso aspect, phase, condition	J
Ш? yosu situation, aspect, circumstances;	n
appearance, looks; sign, indication	л
Ш® yotai mode
iyd na strange, odd, singular
©0 variety, sort, kind
0 [suffix] like, such as
а -~Ш ichiyo uniformity, equality
^>Ш££ tayona various, manifold
b Ш *717 S/Ш 04Й haburashiyd no mono
something resembling a toothbrush
0 pattern, figure
1#Ш тоуб pattern, design; appearance, cir-
cumstances
[INDEPENDENT!
[yd Ш]
О way, manner, mode, method
Z. 0Ш (1C konoyd ni in this way
0 like, as
0 ШХ£	tenshi no yd na shojo
angel of a girl
0 kind, sort, the like (of something)
tfeЙЛТ7Г& Kare wa donoyd
na hito desu ka What sort of person is
he?
00 appearance, looks
0 it appears that, it seems
Ж0Ш/С Ате no yo da It looks like rain
0 in order to, so that
Kaze о hikanaiу6 ni seta о kita I put on
a sweater so as not to catch a cold
0 that, thus
® (Cl lUgS't"<5Ш (Cl Ж О Zt Kare nidenwa
suru yd ni itta I told him to telephone
Д£<&$И£ТШ(;С Nagaiki
nasaimasu yd ni May you live long!
ЖЙ® Ж « 9 Ш Zt Saikin
tabako о suu у6 ni natta I started
smoking recently
261
0721-0723
Е 4-10
1	-------------------------------------
[KUN]
[sama Ж]
О state, situation; appearance
W Ж arisama condition, state of affairs;
sight
1 0 kind, sort
it	ЖЖХ£ samazamana various, manifold
J 0 FORMAL TITLE: Mr., Miss, Mrs., Ms., Esq.
ШФЖ yamamotosama Mr. Yamamoto
Я жЖ kisama [belittling] you; [original mean-
—	ing] sir, madam
О [often preceded by 43- o- or W- go-] suffix for
forming polite phrases
4эЖ^ШЖ Okinodokusama I am sorry
Я^^Ж Gokurosama I thank you for your
kind efforts
4эЖхЖ~С okagesama de thanks to you
it WOMAN =>2135
mesu ftx =>®826
0725
El-4-10
ICOMPOUNDSl
► GLASSY SUBSTANCE
RI Ц aki
г	Names	S14-4-10	K4594
96	D2250	®1059	U7483
0 GLASSY substance, glass; crystal
ruri lapis lazuli, lapis lazuli blue
Й/ЗЙ hari crystal; glass
joruri joruri, ballad drama; clear lapis
lazuli
0724
В1-4-10
► FEMALE
SHI me- mesu
	Joyo	S14-8-6	K2783
172	D2216	®1055	U96CC
। । * * t-1 lie и й'
йгйгЙВЙ ’
10	11	12	13	14
[COMPOUNDS!
0 [original meaning] (of plants or animals) female
llttffi shiyu male and female; victory or defeat
ЖМ/ shizui pistil
[KUN]
[me- B-]
0 (Of plants) FEMALE
0 (of animals) FEMALE
а 1Й87Ё mebana female flower
IBM* meshibe pistil
b МФ meushi cow
[mesu MJ (of animals) FEMALE
lBMx mesu no kitsune vixen, bitch fox
mesuinu female dog, bitch
IHOMOPHONESI
0726
E1-4-10
► LAPIS LAZULI
RU RYU
J	Names	S14-4-10	K4660
96	D2180	®1060	U7460
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (kind of gemstone) lapis lazuli
ЙеьЙ ruri lapis lazuli, lapis lazuli blue
a
0727
E1-4-10
► POLISH
SA
5	Names	S14-4-10	K2628
96	D2943	®1060.5	U7473
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 polish, grind
sessasuru work [study] hard, culti-
vate one’s own character
sessa-takuma working hard to-
gether, assiduity in friendly rivalry
0728
E1-4-10
► MEMBRANE
MAKU
я 130	Joyo	SI 4-4-10	K4376
	D1605	®1062	U819C
me-
=>®826
0724-0728
262
4-11 C
i l.JTTrEEF
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [also suffix] [original meaning] membrane, film
Ж^Ф makujono membranous, filmy
ЙЖ nenmaku mucous membrane
ft Ж kakumaku cornea
ЖЖ fukumaku peritoneum
13сЖ komaku eardrum
МЕЙЖ saibomaku cellular membrane
0729
E1-4-10
► SOUL
KON tamashii
я	Joyo	S14-10-4	K2618
194	D1701	®1063	U9B42
T Я
к
123456789
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] soul, spirit
4&ЙГ konpaku soul, spirit, ghost
reikon spirit, soul
© spirit, heart
kontan secret intention, ulterior motive
Нё® tokon fighting spirit
Й1® shokon commercial enthusiasm, sales-
manship
[KUN]
[tamashii 5®] soul, spirit
tamashii о irekaeru re-
form (oneself), turn over a new leaf
► MARK
HYO Hl shimegi shime sue
0730
El-4-11
*	Jdyd-4	SI 5-4-11	K4124
75	B0707	®1064	U6A19
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 (identifying sign) mark, sign, symbol, label,
inscription
G (something serving as a guide) mark, land-
mark, signpost, indication
а ЖЖ hyoshd ensign, emblem, mark
WtL hyosatsu nameplate, doorplate
ЙЖ shohyd trademark
ЖШ bohyd grave post, grave marker, grave-
stone
b hydshiki sign, mark; beacon
йэ Ж shihyd index, indication
fuhyd (marker) buoy
zahyo coordinates
JEfJe® riteihyd milestone, milepost
kyokaihyd boundary mark
0 (something aimed at) mark, target, standard
ШЙ'З hyoteki target, mark
hyojun standard, norm, criterion
El Ш mokuhyd mark, target, goal, object
0 mark, indicate, designate
Ъ hyojisuru post up, declare, dem-
onstrate
hyogo slogan, motto, catch word
ША hyohon specimen, sample
Шй hyoko elevation, (height) above the sea
hydkisuru mark; write a title
hyddai title, headline, caption
0731
В1-4-11
► RIGHT
► POWER
KEN GON
*	Joyo-6	515-4-11	K2402
75	A0118	®1065	U6A29
' 1 ш rrw
WWW’
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] right, privilege, claim
ftAll kenri right; authority; privilege
263
0729-0731
Zl 4-11
*1 ----------------------------------------------
1 Ж® кепдеп power, authority; competence
(of law)
fit Ж saiken credit, claim
АИЖ shokken official [legal] authority
*	4$Ж tokken privilege, exclusive right
J	yukensha elector, voter; holder of a
right
ЖЖ kiken abstention from voting, abandon-
ing one's right
А Ж jinken human rights
danjo-doken equal rights for men
and women
Й’Т'Й’Ж shoyuken ownership, proprietary
rights
^ЙЖ sanseiken suffrage, right to vote
0 power to control, ability to exact obedience,
authority
ЖЙ< ken'i authority, power
ЖЛ kenryoku power, authority, influence
Ж^* kensei power, influence, authority
ЙЖ seiken political power, administrative
power
^Ж jikken real power
®|?®Ж seikaiken command of the sea, naval
supremacy
0732
В1-4-11
► ZELKOVA
KI tsuki
	Names	S15-4-11	K3648
75	D1946	®1065.5	U69FB
[KUN]
[tsuki ffl] tsuki: zelkova serrata var. tsuki;
old name for keyaki (Zelkova)
0733
E1-4-11
► SIDEWAYS
0 yoko
Ж	Jdyd-3	515-4-11	K1803
75	A0411	®1066	U6A2A
ICOMPOUNDSI
О sideways, horizontal, across, crosswise,
transverse, lateral, latitudinal
SETЪ oten suru roll, fall down sidelong;
barrel roll
Ж®Т*^" Ъ odan suru cross, traverse
Ж®Г^Ж ddan-hodd pedestrian crossing;
crosswalk
ЖРйЖ okakumaku diaphragm; midriff
juoni vertically and horizontally, in all
directions; freely
О arbitrary, perverse, despotic, tyrannical,
overbearing
Ж life obona arbitrary, tyrannical, despotic
Жз1££ ochakuna impudent, brazen; idle,
lazy
ЖЖ dryd seizure, embezzlement, usurpation
ЖЪ*dko suru be rampant, overrun,
swagger, strut
Ж$§^£ oheina overbearing, arrogant
^Ж sen'o arbitrariness, despotism
[KUN]
[yoko Ж1
O0 side, flank, width; transverse direction
€> [in compounds] side(ways), (a)cross, hori-
zontal, lateral
а Ж^ £> yoko kara from one's side
ЖИзс^'Т'Ь yokogakisuru write laterally,
write from left to right
Ж3£^? yokomoji letters written in lateral
lines; European [Western] language
ЖЖ yokogao profile, face seen from side
ЖЖ yokomichi side street
ЖЙЙ yokozuna (grand) champion sumo
wrestler
b Ж7сЪ<Ь yokotawaru lie (down)
ЖЖ yokokaze side wind
Ж yokoito woof
Ж W yokogiru cross, go across
0 [in compounds] arbitrary, perverse, wrong
ЖЙГ yokoyari interruption
Ж1Х 0 yokodori usurpation
ЖШ^ЭДР’Т yokoguruma о osu have one's
own way, act perversely
IHOMOPHONESI
yokoito
LATITUDE =>®1407
0732-0733
264
4-12 []
=>0733
=>0951,1379
t®
0734
С1-4-11
► TANK
SO
	Joyo	S15-4-11	K3369
75	D1817	01067	U69FD
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [also suffix] tank, vat, tub
fit® yusd oil tank
StS yokuso bathtub
IfzKts chosuiso water tank
ZktS suiso water tank
ЙНЫ® jokaso tank for purifying water
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-4-10: 5 at 0725
В1-4-11
► STANDING TREE
JU kiT [Ц itsuki miki tatsu shige
	Jdyo-6	S16-4-12	K2889
75	B0845	01075	U6A39
0735
El-4-12

10	11	12	13	14	15	16
[COMPOUNDS!
• [also suffix] [original meaning] standing tree,
tree
jumoku tree; trees and shrubs
ШЯв jushi resin
juhyo trees covered with ice
shokuju tree planting
WKrSi gairoju roadside trees
Epmophonesi
ki Tfc TREE =>2149
LAfA ► machine
ТАК* ► aircraft
Л MQ ► OPPORTUNITY
KI hata
E1-4-12	* 75	Jdyd-4	S16-4-12	K2101
		A0127	(8)1076	U6A5F
I:	it	it.	i:		it'	;	f If If' If* I	
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] machine, machinery, apparatus
tStt kikai machine, mechanism
kiki machinery and tools, apparatus
tUtlt kiko mechanism, structure; system, or-
ganization; frame, framework
tSM kikan engine, machine; agency, facilities,
institution
kidosei mobility, maneuverability
tSSblW^ kidotai riot police
UtS denki electrical machinery and appli-
ances
YTfcylStSi sentakuki washing machine
densanki electronic computer
gendoki motor, prime mover
© [also suffix] aircraft, airplane
tSS kishu type of airplane [machine], model
ISM kishu nose (of an airplane)
kitai fuselage, body (of an airplane); ma-
chine
tSS kicho plane captain
В ЯдШ nikkoki JAL airplane
htS jettoki jet airplane
© opportunity, occasion, chance, time,
crucial point
kikai opportunity, occasion
ISiS kiun opportunity, chance
PyftSS jiki opportunity, chance
koki favorable opportunity, good
chance
keiki opportunity, chance; philosophy
moment
fatS kiki crisis, emergency
tenki turning point
Ъ taiki suru wait for an opportunity,
stand ready
265
0734-0736
Е 4-12
*1 -------------------------------------------------
1 ixtlt toki speculation, venture
00 function (as of the mind), action
© wit, keen perception
j. a tSfu kind function, faculty
SitH doki motive, incentive
£ b kibin na smart, shrewd, quick-witted;
„	quick, prompt
я tSIK kiten tact, ready wit
0 organic, organic matter
yukibutsu organic matter
0 slander, censure, criticize
ЙЖ kigen mood, temper, disposition; health
[KUN]
[hata tltJloom
tSSS V hataori weaving; weaver; grasshop-
per
hataya weaver
tebata handloom
0737
E1-4-12
► MANDARIN
KITSU tachibana Щ kichi
Ж	Names	S16-4-12	K2144
75	D1948	®1077	U6A58
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 mandarin orange, tangerine; citrus fruit;
mandarin tree
kankitsurui citrus fruits, oranges
[KUN]
[tachibana mandarin tree
0738	► BRIDGE KYO hashi			
	*	Jdyd-3	S16-4-12	K2222
E1-4-12	75	B0535	®1078	U6A4B
' -t t > rrro*
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] bridge
кудгуд bridge
кубкуаки bridge pier
kakyo bridge building
tekkyd iron bridge
hoddkyd pedestrian bridge
[KUN]
[hashi Ш] [also suffix] bridge
ШЙх L hashiwatashi mediation, good of-
fices
Й 0 Ш tsuribashi suspension bridge
nWPItfii yoshinogawa-bashi Yoshinogawa
Bridge
IHOMOPHONESI
hashi
END =>0826
Wx =>©2708
0739
В1-4-12
► BURN
NEN mo(eru) mo(yasu) mo(su)
Joyo-5	S16-4-12	K3919
C1001	®1081	U71C3
86
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
IcompoundsI
0 burn, undergo combustion
nensho combustion, burning
nenryo fuel
nenpi mileage
kanensei combustibility
nainenkikan internal combustion
engine
sainensuru revive, come to the
fore again
[KUN]
[moeru	vi burn, undergo combus-
tion, blaze
moetsukiru burn out [away], be
burned up
moetsuku catch fire
[moyasu uburn
toshi о moyasu burn with
combativeness
[mosu colloquial equiv. ofmoyasu $$
0737-0739
266
[HOMOPHONESl
тоеги germinate =>1481
0740
В1-4-12
► SETON FIRE
RYO m akira
Names	S16-4-12	K6389
D3576	@1081.5	U71CE
[compounds!
О SET ON FIRE, bum
rydgennohi prairie fire, wild fire;
fast-spreading disaster [rumor]
О bonfire
гудка bonfire
0741
E1-4-12
► EXPAND
BO fuku(ramu) fuku(reru)
я 130	Joyo	SI 6-4-12	K4336
	Cl 275	®1084	U81A8
) л л я г г я* г я*
F ЙМЖЖЁН'
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
[COMPOUNDS!
• [original meaning] expand, swell, bulge,
inflate
Я^^С bodai swelling, expansion
ЯйЖ bocho expansion, swelling; growth, in-
crease
Я^Й'3"<5 bdmansuru be inflated
[kun]
[fukuramu Я^ 6ti] expand, swell (out), get
big, become inflated
Я^ bfy fukurami swelling, bulge, puff
Я^ 6 ^*3" fukuramasu cause to bulge, ex-
pand, dilate; raise
ЯК b LS) fukurashiko baking powder
[fukureru
О expand, swell (out), get big, become in-
flated
kibukureru be thickly clad
4-13 Д
-------------------------------------------- 1
0 get sulky, sulk, fret, get peevish
Я^^Яо® fukurettsura sulky look [face], sul-
len look	r
IHOMQPHONESI	g
fukuramu ffi swell =>®1003
fukureru И! SWELL ==><8)1003
rtgj? ► DAWN	л
SHO JO akebono [Ц ake akira ф
0742	H	Names	S17-4-13	K2976	0
D1-4-13	72	C1307	®1085.2	U66D9	л
ICOMPOUNDSl
* dawn, daybreak
shoko first streak of daylight, dawn
[kun]
[akebono Of]
О elegant dawn, daybreak
HWfi akebonoiro yellowish pink
0 beginning, sign (of something new [good])
jidai no akebono dawn of a new
era
0743
В1-4-13
► SPINDLE TREE
DAN TAN mayumi
Ж	Names	S17-4-13	K3541
75	D2339	®1085.5	U6A80
ICOMPOUNDSl
О spindle tree, Euonymus Sieboldiana
danshi spindle-tree paper
0 used phonetically for dan in the translitera-
tion of Sanskrit Buddhist terms
tt Ж danka family which supports a Buddhist
temple, parishioner
UJR danna master, husband, patron, protec-
tor; sir; [original meaning] donor
dannadera one's family temples, par-
ish temple
[kun]
[mayumi tt ] spindle tree, Euronymus
Sieboldiana
267
0740-0743
П 4-13
1 “г;
► BRILLIANT
SAN |Ц akira
В	0744	к	Names	S17-4-13	K2724
	D1-4-13	86	D2810	<8)1086.5	U71E6
£ ICOMPOUNDSl
0 brilliant, bright, glittering, shining
т	sanzentaru brilliant, glorious
I	IW V Si C sansan to furisosogu (of
□	the sun) shine brilliantly
	► DRY UP SO			
0745	к	Joyo	S17-4-13	K3371
E1-4-13	86	D1869	<8)1087	U71E5
0 [original meaning] (become very dry, esp. by the
action of heat) dry up, parch, desiccate
Ъ kansd suru dry up, desiccate, be-
come parched [dry]
kosdchi high and dry ground
mumi-kansdna dry as dust,
insipid
ШЖ gihi sacrifice fly
0747
E1-4-13
► RING
►SURROUND
KAN Ц] tamaki tama
s	Joyo	S17-4-13	K2036
96	A0497	®1090	U74B0
' T 7 J j' PPPr’
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSl
О ring, circle, loop
St^KO kanjono ring-shaped, circular
kanjdsen belt line
SS® kansho atoll
—"St ikkan link; part
kinkanshoku annular eclipse
0 surround, encircle; around
kankyo environment, surroundings, cir-
cumstances
SIW kankai surrounding seas
®St junkan circulation, rotation; cycle
0748
В1-4-13
► TRANSCRIBE
TO
ЦГ	Joyo	S17-7-10	K3805
149	D2680	®1093	U8B04
0746
Б1-4-13
► SACRIFICE
Gl
4	Joyo	S17-4-13	K2130
93	C1024	®1089	U72A0
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 SACRIFICE
© baseball sacrifice
а gisei sacrifice
b Ш-fT gida sacrifice, sacrifice batting
л ЛД рД'ЯДД#'
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (make an exact copy of an
original text) transcribe, copy, duplicate (a
document)
® Ф tohon certified copy, transcript; copy of
the domiciliary register
tosha copy, reproduction, mimeograph
tdshaban mimeograph
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with IB RISE =^0755
0744-0748
268
0749
В1-4-14
► DAY OF THE WEEK
YO Щ teru
0	Jdyd-2	SI 8-4-14	K4543
72	C1011	®1096	U66DC
I П В В В3 B3 B3 B33B33
взэв?э^3в??в^в^вйнйй
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
• DAY OF THE WEEK, -day
Bit В yobi day of the week
shichiyo seven days of the week
0 PS В nichiyobi Sunday
0 mokuyobi Thursday
ZKWI0 suiyobi Wednesday
"tBltSe shichiyohyd calendar
0750
Б1-4-14
► SHINE
YO SHAKU Щ teru akira
Names	S18-4-14	K6402
D3233	®1098.2	U71FF
IcompoundsI
4-15 []
p'p | i£ PlrPpI 1
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Ж	8
19
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] explode, detonate, burst
bakuhatsu explosion, blast; eruption
bakudan bomb
®Й£'<ГЪ bakuha suru blast, blow up, ex-
plode
Ш® bakufu (bomb or explosion) blast
bakushdsuru roar with laughter,
burst into laughter
bakugeki bombing, bombardment
0 abbrev. of bakudan. bomb
IM® genbaku atomic bomb
/К® suibaku hydrogen bomb
0752
E1-4-15
► MYTHICAL HUGE BIRD
HO BO otori Щ tomo
ж	Names	819-11-8	K4318
196	D1854	®1101.5	U9D6C
• [original meaning, now rare] shine, illuminate
убуд shining brightly
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with И shine brilliantly =>0962
Bi
incorrect stroke-count
=>see В1-4-15: fl at 0753
E1-4-14
0751
El-4-15
► EXPLODE
BAKU
X	Joyo	SI 9-4-15	K3990
86	B0855	®1101	U7206
ICOMPOUNDSI
• [original meaning] mythical huge bird,
phoenix
taihd mythical huge bird; sage
[kun]
[otori huge bird such as a mythical Chi-
nese phoenix
IHOMOPHONESI
otori
M MALE PHOENIX =>1914
Й8 LARGE WILD BIRD =>0542
0753
В1-4-15
► INTERNAL ORGAN
ZO
fl	Jdyd-6	S19-4-15	K3401
130	C1089	®1102	U81D3
269
0749-0753
И 4-16
1 \ л. я_ я. ггтг г
ТГГГЖГГЯГЖЖ
'	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] internal organ, viscus
Й1Н? zdki internal organs, viscera
Й®5 zomotsu entrails, giblets
ЛЙ naizo viscera, internal organs
ЕЙ shinzo heart
JFFfflS kanzo liver
ЕЙ gozd the five viscera (liver, lungs, heart,
kidneys and spleen)
pB АФЪ ran ni kinyu suru fill in the
blank (column)
0755 E1-4-16	ж 187	Joyo	S20-10-1C	I K3813
		C1464	®1106	U9A30
Л IJ 10	11	I	Я IfI 12	13	14		15	16	rpr 17 18
ICOMPOUNDSl
0754	► COLUMN RAN			
		Joyo	S20-4-16	K4583
E1-4-16	75	C1347	®1103	U6B04
" t 1 1 II : fflfllHffWf			yrtf JI”	
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] rise, jump up, advance
—said esp. of prices
Ж ft toki rise (in prices)
toraku rise and fall, fluctuations
iWjfB koto steep rise (in prices), jump
ЯЖ boto sudden (price) rise
/ЛЖ futto boiling, seething, bubbling
[NQTEl
★do not confuse with Ж transcribe =>0748

incorrect stroke-count
=>see C1-5-3: Eat 0766
E1-5-2
[also suffix]
0 column (as of a newspaper or periodical),
section, page
© (section of written material) column, blank
column, blank, space
а ФАЯ honran this column
)A kokokuran advertisement column
ХФ—supotsuran sports section
[page]
b rangai margin
kuran blank column, blank
tdki-bangdran registry number
column
[INDEPENDENT]
[ran tH] column, section; column, blank
column
0756
E1-5-2
► TOWN
CHO machi
ffl	Joyo-1	S7-5-2	K3614
102	A0309	01113	U753A
n |m Im la
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 TOWN, city
© (unit of local administration) town
0 suffix after names of towns
a W]* A chonin tradesman (in Edo period),
townsman, townsfolk
ИТ Ж choka town house; tradesman's house
chochd town headman [manager]
0754-0756
270
5-2 П
®Гchdmei town name
b WTSlO choritsuno established by the town
rfjBTt't shichoson cities, towns and villages;
municipalities
c	oyamachb townofOyama
00 (subdivision in the Japanese addressing sys-
tem) town section, cho
suffix after names of town sections (cho)
а chokai town block association
b —г?ВТ ichinomiyacho Ichinomiya-cho
[INDEPENDENT!
[cho WT] town; town section, cho; cho
cho no hdshin policies of the town
[cho]
[KUN]
[machi 4*]
О [also suffix]
©TOWN
© (unit of local administration) town
0 suffix after names of towns
a ВТ< machi e iku go to town
machihazure outskirts of a town
minatomachi port town
b machiyakuba town office
c zK-bffll minakamimachi town of Minakami
00 (subdivision in the Japanese addressing sys-
tem) machi, town section
© suffix after names of town sections
(machi)
{niSW shinanomachi Shinanomachi
© (busy) city quarter(s), city streets
machinami rows of stores and
houses on a street
"FBI shitamachi (downtown) business quar-
ters, old part of Tokyo
[HOMOPHONES!
machi f£j city quarter =^>0421
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 advantage, benefit, superiority, conven-
ience, expediency
© be of advantage to, benefit
a ИМ riten advantage, point in favor
^ГИ££ yQrina advantageous, favorable;
profitable
kenri right; authority; privilege
benri convenience, handiness, useful-
ness
b ”3“Ъ riyo suru utilize, make use of, avail
oneself of
00 profit, gains, advantage, benefit
© [also suffix] interest (on money)
а ИЙ rieki profit, gains; benefit
И W rigai interests
И<Н rigui profit taking
Hf# ritoku profit, benefit, gain
Из И eiri profit, gain
b rishi interest
ИМ risoku interest
ЖИ fukuri compound interest
© sharp, keen, clever
И □ rikb na clever, bright, sharp, shrewd
0 victory
ВИ short victory, triumph, win
[KUN]
[kiku И < J work (well), function (properly)
И£ kiki function, efficacy
WK mimi да kiku have a sharp ear
ЙЕИ gS hidarikiki left-handedness; left-
hander; drinker, wine lover
IHOMOPHONESI
kiku EFFECT =20849
kiki EFFECT =>0849
0757
El-5-2
0758
В1-5-2
" X
► ADVANTAGE
► PROFIT
RI ki(ku) Щ toshi to kaga kazu
yoshi
IJ	Joyo-4	S7-2-5	K4588
18	A0222	©1114	U5229
► PRIVATE
► I
SHI watakushi watashi*
	Jdyo-6	S7-5-2	K2768
115	A0282	01115	U79C1

271
0757-0758
Е 5-2
1 ,
ICOMPOUNDSI
Я1
ш
*
S
s
g
is
в
н
¥
• [also suffix] [original meaning] (pertaining to a
particular person) private, personal
ЙхЙ/Х shitekina private, personal
®x^ shigaku private [nongovernmental]
school [college, university]
®xj& shitetsu nongovernmental [private] rail-
road line
shibutsu private property
fixlLO shiritsu (=watakushiritsu) no private,
nongovernmental
fix shishobako post office box (P.O.B.)
fix^fefS shiseikatsu one's private life
fix St shihi private expense
iifix koshi public and private
[KUN]
[watakushi fix] i, myself—polite first person
pronoun
fixlfi watakushitachi we
fix'hift watakushishosetsu (=shishdsetsu)
first person novel, private [real] life novel
[watashi fix] i, myself—polite first person
pronoun (formerly used esp. by women)
fix О watashi no my
fix ill watashitachi we
0759
E1-5-2
► FIRST
SHO haji(me) haji(mete) hatsu
hatsu- ui- -so(meru) -zo(me)
Ц] moto
Л	Jdyd-4	S7-2-5	K2973
18	A0175	®1116	U521D
7 1	^77
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
ОФ first, initial, original
© [prefix] first
о?Л0 shokai first time; first inning
?Л H shonichi first day, opening day
?ЛЖ shohan first edition
?Л{^ shodai first generation, founder
?Л{£Йа shoninkyu initial salary
fijA shoshi original aim [intention]
b shotaimen first meeting
00 [also suffix] beginning, origin, early stages
0 beginning stages, first steps
a saisho first, outset, beginning
toshono original, initial, first
b shoki early days, early stage, beginning;
early, initial
?ЛМ shoka early summer
shoho first steps, rudiments, the ABCs
(of)
ЙЖ shokyu beginner's class, junior course
shoshinsha beginner
[kun]
[hajime #M]
О (initial period) beginning (of the month),
outset, first stage, early period
hajime wa at first; originally
nendo hajime beginning of the
(fiscal) year
0 including, as well as, not to speak of
ffl Ф И А A tanakashi hajime
rokunin Mr. Tanaka and five others
[hajimete W&d<] for the first time;
not... until
(D hajimete no first, first-time
W $b Hajimemashite I am glad to
meet you
Kenko wa ushinatte hajimete sono
kachi да wakaru We don't know the
value of health till we lose it
[hatsu W] the first, first time
?Л IZ hatsu ni for the first time
?Л 0 ЙсЙ hatsu no seikd the first success
[hatsu- 0J-] [also prefix] first, early, new,
inaugural; first (of the new year or season)
hatsukoi first love
fillin' hatsubutai one's first appearance on
stage, debut
H CD Щ hatsuhinode first sunrise of the
year
shx hatsumode first visit to a shrine
[temple] during the New Year
[ui- &J-] FIRST
SJIW uijin one's first battle
?ЛЙ uimago (=hatsumago) first grandchild
?Л?Л IzH uiuishii innocent, naive, fresh
[-someru -?ЛЙ><5] [verbal suffix] begin to
(occur); for the first time
0759
272
sakisomeru begin to bloom
[-zome -ffltf) ] [verbal suffix] performing an
action for the first time (ofthe year)
kakizome New Year's writing
IHOMQPHONESI
hajime in BEGIN =>0211
hajimete
in BEGIN =>0211
Ж BARELY =>2209
-someru DYE =>1640
-zome DYE =>1640
80
0760
E1-5-2
► SEPARATE
► ANOTHER
BETSU waka(reru) И wake
Jbyo-4	S7-2-5	K4244
A0235	®1117	U5225
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (part company) separate,
part from, be separated
© (be apart) separate, separated
а 80(Ш betsuri separation, parting
80® bekkyo separation, limited divorce
80S? betsuji farewell address, parting words
b 80Й bessd villa, country cottage
SOffif bessatsu separate volume, extra issue
80IB bekkan annex, extension, outbuilding
80^ bekkan separate volume, extra issue
8080^ betsubetsuni separately, individually,
respectively
80 bessd separate post
©0 (divide by differences) separate (into
groups), sort, classify, distinguish
© [suffix] classified by
а HE 80 sabetsu discrimination
fl§80lW^ kobetsutekini individually, sever-
ally, singly
IX80Ф<Ь kubetsusuru distinguish; classify,
divide
А80ФХ) bunbetsu suru classify, distinguish;
divide, separate
A 80 funbetsu discretion, prudence, judg-
ment, good sense
?080Ф<5 hanbetsusuru distinguish, dis-

____________________________________________5-2 E
criminate
Ж80 ruibetsu classification
P 80 kobetsu each house
А80Ф-& taibetsusuru divide into major
classes
b ®Ж80ЖпёЙ shokugyobetsu-denwacho
classified telephone directory
JfflS80A □ fukenbetsu-jinko population
classified by prefectures
©0 [also prefix] another, different, distinct
© (distinct among others) special, particular
а 80fl§O bekkono another, different; separate
80S besshu another kind, distinct species
80 A betsujin another [different] person
80 £ betsumei alias, another name
SOffil? bessekai another world [planet]
SOIrIIB betsumondai another question
[problem]
b 801x0 betsudanno particular, special
80bekkaku extra status
W80O tokubetsu no special, particular; ex-
traordinary
t#80Z£ kakubetsuna particular, exceptional
[INDEPENDENT!
[betsu 80)
О distinction, difference
JRI j><080 danjo no betsu distinction of sex
© another thing, an extra
80Оф betsu nohon another [different]
book
© exception
80 ICTЪ betsu nisuru set aside [apart]
[betsu ni 80 IC] separate^, apart; in addi-
tion; particularly
[KUN]
[wakareru 80 AA] separate, part from, bid
farewell
80tl wakare separation, parting, leave-
taking, farewell
80tl80tlfc wakarewakare ni separately,
apart
IHOMOPHONES]
wakareru ft DIVIDE =>1247
wakare ft divide =>1247
273
0760
H 5-2
1
► ELIMINATE
KYAKU
0761 Ш Д1-5-2	P 26	Joyo	S7-2-5	K2149
		C1002	®1118	U5374
- |+ |j	J			
$
Я
g
g
¥
ICOMPOUNDSl
О eliminate, exclude, remove, get rid of
—used as the second element in verbal com-
pounds similar to offin kill off
ffiSSl'T'b dakkyakusuru get rid of; slough
off
shokyakusuru efface; erase
bokyaku suru forget
SHI'Tshokyaku suru destroy by fire, in-
cinerate
ТйЯ'АЪ baikyaku suru sell off, dispose of
by sale
shokyakusuru repay, refund
© reject, turn down, decline
kyakkasuru reject, dismiss, turn
down
ЖЭ'Т-b kikyaku suru turn down, reject,
renounce
© return
henkyakusuru return
g₽
E1-5-2
0762
E1-5-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-5-3: g at 0770
► ENCOURAGE
REI hage(mu) hage(masu)
[£] tsutomu
	Joyo	S7-2-5	K4669
19	C1300	®1119	U52B1
—	Г	r		6	Й7	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (impart confidence or spirit) encourage, cheer
up, inspire
Й®) shorei encouragement, promotion,
stimulation, incitement
gekireisuru encourage, urge,
cheer up
U®) tokurei urging (one's subordinates)
© [original meaning] make efforts, work hard at,
be diligent
reikosuru observe strictly, carry
out
seirei diligence, industry
ЙЙЙ benrei diligence, industry
S®J funrei strenuous efforts [exertions]
[kun]
[hagemu Bj J strive for, make efforts, be
diligent
Bj& hagemi encouragement, incentive
® hZ Bi benkyd ni hagemu work hard
at one's lessons
[hagemasu Bjencourage, urge,
cheer up
hagemashi encouragement, stimula-
tion
ЖА^Й^'Т bydnin о hagemasu cheer
up an invalid
0763
E1-5-2
► IMMEDIATE
SOKU sunawa(chi)4
p	Joyo	S7-2-5	K3408
26	C1227	01120	U5373
3p e
я

1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О immediate, prompt, instant, on the spot
IP^E sokushi instant death, death on the spot
IPtE sokubai sale on the spot, spot sale
CTBxf sokuji immediately, promptly
ШВД sokkoku immediately, instantly
ЙРЙП^ sokuzani immediately, promptly, at
once
ЛР5Й sokko immediate effect
BPlor sokutd prompt answer
IP^ sokkin immediate cash, ready cash
^М1РИ isshokusokuhatsu touch-and-go
situation, hair-trigger crisis
© namely, that is
'feBPTEzci Shikisokuzeku Matter is
void/Form [Matter] is nonsubstantial
0761-0763
274
[KUN]
[sunawachi BP % ]
0 namely, that is, i.e.
0 nothing but, precisely
а ЙШзЕЙР'Ё» + U X Ь kyuseishu
sunawachi kirisuto the Savior, that is,
Christ
IHOMOPHONESI
sunawachi Jb possessive particle =>1858
► HELP
JO tasu(keru) tasu(karu) suke
ID tasuku
0764		Jdyd-3	S7-2-5	K2985
Б1-5-2	19	A0418	®1121	U52A9
I	П	n	fl	5		Ж/
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] help, aid, assist
0 save, rescue, relieve
joshu assistant, helper
josei fostering; aid, assistance
Й Ж jogen advice
enjo aid, assistance, help
ЙЙ hojo assistance, support, aid
b kyQjo rescue, relief
0 [also prefix] assistant, auxiliary
joshi gram postpositionalparticle
Й® joyaku assistant official; deputy mayor;
deputy station-master
1Й1&Й jokyoju assistant [associate] profes-
sor
Й jmHF jokantoku assistant director
[manager]
ЙЯЙЮО joddshi auxiliary verb
[KUN]
[tasukeru
О help, aid, assist
Й № tasuke aid, rescue, relief
tasukeau help each other
tedasuke help, assistance
© save, rescue, relieve
Й kfuBlT tasukedasu rescue (a person)
from [out of], deliver [extricate] (a per-
son) from
5-2 E
--------------------------------------------- 1
[tasukaru Й^-6] be HELPed, be rescued, * 1
be spared
0 ddasukari big help
[suke IWjHELPing, assisting; assistant
vaudevillian
ЙХТЗХ-б sukedachisuru help (a person ®
in a fight), back up
Йо Д suketto colloqhelper, backer,sup-	.
porter
IHOMOPHONESI	§
tasukeru tA lend support to =>®247	h-
и	►JUDGE HAN BAN IS sada				Q
0765	'J	Joyo-5	S7-2-5	K4029	Й
E1-5-2	18	A0201	®1122	U5224	
			IA				¥
	i	2	3	4	5	6	7		
ICOMPOUNDSI					
O0 (pass legal judgment) judge, hand down a
decision, pronounce sentence
0 (decide upon critically) judge, decide,
distinguish, differentiate
а AO FA: hanketsu judicial decision, judgment,
sentence
АО Ж hanji judge
AO'H hanrei (judicial) precedent
ЙА0 saiban trial, judgment, decision
X AO kohan (public) trial [hearing]
b АОЮт^-Ь handan suru judge, decide; inter-
pret, foretell, read
АОЙГТЪ hanteisuru judge, decide
fttA0'T<5 hihansuru criticize, comment
I A AO hydban fame, reputation
HAO shinpan (=shinban) refereeing, judg-
ment; referee, umpire
0 obvious, clear
АОВД'^Аб hanmeisuru become clear, be
confirmed
A0$S hanzen to clearly, distinctly, plainly
0 personal seal, seal, stamp, chop; seal im-
pression
AOX hanko handstamp, seal; seal impression
Ж AO mekuraban undeliberated en-
dorsement
275
0764-0765
 I 5-3
*1 jfil*IJ keppan seal of blood [INDEPENDENT! i [han W] personal seal, seal, chop Tf W ff’t" han о osu affix a seal	
I 31$	
0766 Г Joyo	S8-3-5	K2857
6 [] 1-5-3	163 | 01586	®1124 U90AA
i:	i:	t	з	3	!	OWI
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl	
0 (morally bad) evil, wicked, bad, unjust, he-
retical, wrong
0 (causing harm) evil
0 wrong, EVIL
а ЗРЖ jaaku wickedness, vice
ЖС? jashin wicked heart, evil design
ЗРЖ jadd evil course; heresy
b 31$ Ж jama hindrance, obstruction, impedi-
ment
c	mujaki innocence, simplicity
seijanokubetsu discrimination
between right and wrong
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЖЗР kaze (=fuja) (common) cold
► TARGET
► ADJECTIVAL SUFFIX
TEKI mato
В	Jdyd-4	S8-5-3	K3710
106	A0043	®1125	U7684
0767
E1-5-3
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 target, mark, bull's eye
0 right on target, accurate
а hydteki target, mark
WИ shateki target practice, shooting
H M mokuteki object, purpose
b И Ф'Т-Ь tekichO suru hit the mark, hit (on)
it
tekikakuna precise, accurate, exact
0 suffix for forming adjectives from nouns
or word elements—used to express resem-
blance, relation or the like (similar to English -tic or
-al)
gekitekina dramatic
rekishiteki historical
goritekina rational, logical, rea-
sonable
ЙЙ hoteki legal, legalistic
shitekina private, personal
ШШ1И kisokuteki systematic, regular
Й И chiteki intellectual, mental
kokusaitekina international
[kun]
[ mato И ] target, mark; object, target
mato hazure no out of focus; off
the point
l/ХХИ mato ni tasshinai fall short
ofthe mark
0768
В1-5-3
► KNOW
CHI shi(ru) shi(raseru) shi(reru)
Ц] tomo satoshi kazu sato nori
satoru
£	Jdyd-2	S8-5-3	K3546
111	A0207	®1127	U77E5
' Л -
..1....2....3....4....5...6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 know, be aware of, understand; perceive,
recognize
© KNOWledge, wisdom, intelligence, intel-
lect
a Mln^ chishiki knowledge
Ml % chikaku perception, sensation
JU] МЮ shuchi no known to all, universally
known
T^Ml'T'b shochisuru consent [agree] to;
permit; forgive; know, understand
ScMl tanchi detection
b Ml Ж chie wisdom, intelligence, sagacity
Mitt chino intelligence, mental capacity
Mitt chisei intellect, intelligence
МЮ chijoi intellect, emotion and volition
0 let know, inform
ЖМ1Т6 tsuchisuru notify, inform, let know
0766-0768
276
kokuchisuru notify, announce
@ come to KNOW, become acquainted with
Ml A chijin acquaintance, friend
[KUN]
[shiru Ml <5 J know, be aware of, under-
stand; perceive, recognize, feel; infer; become
acquainted with
MltlZiH shirenai maybe, perhaps; there is
no way to know
Ml b/uffi shirankao feigned ignorance, un-
concerned air
Ml б'ОП shirazu-shirazu unawares,
without knowing it
4^jMl 0 monoshiri well-informed person,
walking dictionary
Ml 0 'a H shiriai acquaintance
[shiraseru Я bit6 ] let know, inform, tell,
report
Ml b~tt shirase information, notice, report
[shireru Ml	] become KNOWn; be found
out; not amount too much
Ml^lZt shireta trifling, negligible; obvious
Ml Diffie <5 shirewataru become widely
known
rfn7^Ml^TTH<5 taka да shirete iru not
amount to much
0769
El-5-3
► HARMONIOUS
► PEACE
►JAPAN
WA О yawa(ragu) yawa(rageru)
nago(mu) nago(yaka) HO kazu
yori yasu yawara yamato taka
yoshi katsu
□	Jdyo-3	S8-3-5	K4734
30	A0147	®1130	U548C
"f 1^ l^n^O
1	2	3
[compounds!
O0 harmonious, in accord, peaceful,
friendly
© [original meaning] harmonize, sing in har-
mony
а waki harmonious atmosphere
Й'о wagd harmony, concord; union
ВИЙ! chdwa harmony, accord, agreement,
[	П} ]
________________________________________«В
symmetry
kyowasei republicanism
b 03Й showa Showa era
0 PEACE
Rff wahei peace
wakaisuru make peace, come to
terms
^РЙ heiwa peace, harmony
ВИЙ kowa peace, reconciliation
© gentle, mild, soft
ЖЙТГ<5 kanwasuru ease, relieve, alleviate
йшЙХ£ onwana gentle, mild, genial
^Й/£ nyuwana gentle, mild, tender, meek
00 japan, Japanese
0 JAPANese (language)
а ЙЯЙ wafuku Japanese clothes, kimono
waka Japanese poem, tanka
ЙИ£ washoku Japanese-style food
ЙЯ wafu Japanese style; gentle breeze
ЙВп wago nativeJapanese word (not de-
rived from Chinese)
b Й55 waei Japanese-English
0 mix
ФЙ chdwa neutralization; counteraction (of
poison)
[INDEPENDENT!
[wa Й ] harmony, accord; peace; sum
fdfuno wa concord between hus-
band and wife, conjugal harmony
Й£Ш< wa о musubu make peace
Z2 H 0 Й	Ni to san no wa wa go
The sum of two and three is five
[kun]
[yawaragu Й Ь <1 vi soften; abate, lessen;
calm down
Й 6 of yawaragi abatement, alleviation;
peacefulness
Ш $ /^'Й HZl Samusa да yawaraida
The cold has decreased its severity
[yawarageru Й 6 l-f <5 ] vtsoften, tone
down, calm; lessen, mitigate, relieve
SW Й 6 W Ъ kutsu о yawarageru re-
lieve a person's pain
[ nagomu Й t? ] be softened, become luke-
warm
kokoro да nagomu feel relaxed
277
0769
и«___________________________________
*1 [nagoyaka
nagoyakana	PEACEful, mild, gentle
Й^^/^ЖЙ nagoyaka na katei harmo-
tji	nious [happy] family
_ ISPECIAL READINGS]
И	yamato Yamato (old name for Japan)
yamatodamashii the Japanese spirit
0 ?П hiyori weather
g rfft ►STATELY RESIDENCE
0770	IS	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3701
£ 1-5-3	163	C1110	01131	U90B8
1	2
IcompoundsI

0 stately residence, mansion, official resi-
dence, villa, house
0 suffix for forming names of residences or
mansions
a teitaku residence, mansion
kotei official residence
Ж5Р kantei official residence
shitei one's private residence
ВУЙР bettei villa, country residence
b ® J11	tokugawakdshaku-tei man-
sion of Prince Tokugawa
|1|фК5|5 yamamotoshi-tei Mr. Yamamoto's
residence
4uF]	incorrect stroke-count At-	=>see Б1-5-5: £ at 0783 £ 1-5-4			
I |“ ►GRIND yf-t-LL ►RESEARCH Ц/ 1 KEN to(gu) Ц] togi			
0771	77 £1-5-4	112	Jdyd-3	S9-5-4	K2406
	A0327	®1132	U7814
' г г | g iOROf 123456789 ICOMPOUNDSI О [original meaning] grind, polish CT®’5~-?> kenmasuru grind, polish; study			
hard, brush up
CTHlI kensaku grinding
СТЖЙЙ kenmaiki rice polisher
0 research, study (hard), investigate
кепкуй research, study
CTlW kenshu study and training
СТЙГ kensan study
[KUN]
[togu CT C] sharpen, grind, whet, polish
WW togi grinding, polish, sharpening
CTc^'Ei togiishi whetstone, knife sharpener
CT^®^'^’ togisumasu sharpen [grind]
well
©
0772
E1-5-4
► SAND
SA SHA suna Ц) sago isago
masago
5	Joyo-6	S9-5-4	K2629
112	C1111	®1133	U7802
'АГ AT TJ
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 sand (of fine constitution)
© SANDy, granular
a sabaku desert
S'fc sakyu sand dune, sand hill
sagan sandstone
(WH sasu sandbar, sandbank
dosha earth and sand
b Й'Ш satd sugar
sakin gold dust
S'SS satetsu iron sand
[KUN]
[suna S'] sand, grit
S'ffl sunaji sandy place
S'S-ft sunahama sandy beach, sands
Й'Ш sunaba sandbox
ISPECIAL READINGS]
S'?1] jari gravel, fine gravel, ballast
IHOMOPHONESI
suna & SAND =>0199
0770-0772
278
№
0773
Е1-5-4
► CRUSH UP
SAI kuda(ku) kuda(keru)
s	Joyo	S9-5-4	K2653
112	D1703	®1134	U7815
12	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSl
т Г Ь
• [original meaning] crush up, break into
pieces, smash
Й^ШШ saiganki rock crusher
saihydsen ice breaker
saiseki quarrying
hasaisuru crush, smash, crack to
pieces
funsaisuru pulverize, shatter,
smash, crush
bakusaisuru blast, blow to pieces
gyokusai death for honor
[KUN]
[kudaku Й* < ] vt crush, smash, break into
pieces, shatter
ff Й* uchikudaku break to pieces,
smash, crush; baffle, frustrate
ВЙГ^АЙ^ kamikudaku crunch; simplify,
explain plainly
[kudakeru Й^ ] vi be crushed, be broken,
be smashed; break down, buckle, give way
Й^Й^ kudakechiru be smashed up
0774
El-5-4
► SECOND
BYO
	Jdyd-3	S9-5-4	K4135
115	B0506	<8)1137	U79D2
 1 < 4 WiF'»
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (unit of time) second
0 counter for SECONDS
a byosoku speed per second
bydshin second hand
S'tHfnf byddokei stopwatch
0''^^ bydyomi counting the seconds;
countdown
b H“ES0P' sanjugobyd 35 seconds
nifun sanjubyd 2'30"
5-4 E
— 1
*4 0775	► SUBJECT OF STUDY KA HI shina				£ 5
		Jdyd-2	S9-5-4	K1842	
E1-5-4	115	A0500	<8)1138	U79D1	
					-fc*
l	E	Й	II		Й	;	Г f		□ IE
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	
ICOMPOUNDSl					£
О [also suffix] SUBJECT of study, branch of
academic study, subdivision of a discipline
?4@ kamoku school subject; subdivision,
items
S^4 кубка school subject; course of study,
curriculum
^?4 gakka school subject; course of study
J^?4 rika science; science department
?4^ bunkakai sectional subcommittee
Ё=Г?4ЖД hyakka-jiten encyclopedia
tt^?4 shakaika social studies
0 [also suffix] course (of study), department (of
a university or hospital)
Й?4 naika (department of) internal medicine
^4?4 geka (department of) surgery
1Й44 shika dentistry
$?4 honka regular course [department]
5^4 bunka literary department
Ф!/ь?4 shonika (department of) pediatrics
0 study systematically
?4^ kagaku science
0 offense, criminal record
ttT?4 zenka previous offense, criminal record
W?4 zaika offense, crime, guilt; punishment
0776
E1-5-4
► AUTUMN
SHU aki [£] minoru
	Jdyd-2	S9-5-4	K2909
115	B0577	<8>1139	U79CB
3	4	5	6	7	8	9
279
0773-0776
Е 5-4
1 ,-----.
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] autumn, fall
shubun autumnal equinox
£	shushi lonely feeling of fall
banshii late fall
konshu this [next] autumn
shunju spring and autumn; years, age;
Chronicles of Lu
shunkashuto four seasons, all
(the) year round
[KUN]
[aki autumn, fall
f akikaze autumn breeze
0777
В1-5-4
► COLLAR
KIN eri
	Names	S9-5-4	K2262
145	D3317	®1140	U887F
ICOMPOUNDSl
• collar, lapel, neck
Hr! I't'S/V'У kaikin shatsu wing-collared
[open-neck] shirt
[KUN]
[eri ] [original meaning] collar, lapel, neck
^^7 han'eri neckpiece (on a kimono)
IHOMOPHONESI
eri Ш COLLAR =>0845
0778
В1-5-4
► OLD
► THE LATE
KO yue
in	Joyo-5	S9-4-5	K2446
66	B0675	®1141	U6545
- + 4 £ i 4'
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (of an earlier time) old, former
G (of the past) old, of old, ancient
a SeW kokyd hometown, birthplace
kokoku one's native land [country]
Й£1Н кокуй old acquaintance
Ь ®еЖ koji tradition; historical fact, origin
kojitsu ancient customs
Йе^ кого elder, old man; old-timer
0 [prefix] THE LATE, deceased
ЙЙЛ1 Е0Й ko-kawadashi the late Mr. Ka-
wada
®eA kojin the deceased
© incident, affair, event, occurrence
kosho malfunction, breakdown; physical
disorder; hindrance, obstacle, accident-
objection, protest
ЖЙ& jiko accident, incident, trouble
seko worldly affairs
0 intentional, on purpose
ЙЖ koi intention, purpose, bad faith
[KUN]
[yue reason, cause, grounds
yue ni therefore, accordingly
.noyueni on account of..., by
reason of...
[SPECIAL READINGS]
naze why, for what reason
0779
В1-5-4
► POLITICAL
ADMINISTRATION
SEI SHO matsurigoto Ц] masa
masaru
in	Joyo-5	S9-4-5	K3215
66	A0015	®1142	U653F
' T T T if jF Г ifrjfJc
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] POLITICAL ADMINISTRATION,
government
ВСЙ seifu government, administration
seiji government, administration, poli-
tics
Beffi seiken political power, administrative
power
ВеЖ seisaku policy, political measures
Be тГ seirei government ordinance, cabinet
order
flBe gyosei administration
lABe naisei domestic administration, internal
affairs
IB Be ydsei postal system
SBe kokusei (national) administration,
0777-0779
280
government
shisei administration, government
minsei civil administration
[government]
ЙЙ sessho regency; regent
ЖЖЙВС tokyotosei government of Tokyo
Metropolis
0 politics, political affairs
seito political party
seikai political world
seikyoku political situation
seikei politics and economics
О management (of one's affairs), administra-
tion
BtiS zaisei public finance, financial affairs
[KUN]
[matsurigoto	administration, govern-
ment, affairs of state
Ш matsurigoto о toru administer the
affairs of state
► STEP
DAN
0780
E1-5-4
Jbyo-6	S9-4-5	K3542
B0511	®1144	U6BB5
‘ ( f 'f t t' m
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 step, stair, rung
0 counter for steps
a IxJi dankyu terrace, bench (in geography)
[®lx kaidan steps, flight of stairs
5 lx ishidan stone steps
bMS hyakudan 100 steps
0 (division or level) step, stage, level
lx I® dankai grade, rank, step, stage
lx lx dandan gradually, little by little; one
after another
fit|x nedan price
—lx <h ichidan to greater, more, further
|x Ж kakudannosoi marked differ-
ence
^Ixxtn^T'y b tadanshiki roketto multi-
stage rocket
© (step in a ranking system) grade, degree or
5-5 E
---------------------------------------------- 1
rank in go, karate, judo or various martial
arts (higher than S& куй)
lx 31^ danchigai different class, different
level; widely apart	ц-.
ffllx shodan first degree black belt (as in ka- ™
rate)	g
Wlx^ yudansha grade holder
Six godan fifth grade (as in karate)	a
0 (means to an end) step, measure	f
IxlX 0 dandori program, plan, step, course
of action
^lx shudan means, way, step
Mix sandan contrivance, management 0
0 (subdivision of a literary or artistic work) passage *
(of a text or music), paragraph	§
Ix^- danraku end of paragraph; conclusion
0 case, occasion
^^(=^5®f)0 fudanno usual,ordinary,
everyday, habitual
Я'Лх 0 betsudanno particular, special
IINDEPENDENTl
[dan lx]
О step, stair, rung
Шх^*0|х hashigo no dan rung of a ladder
0 grade, degree
lx 1X <5 dan о toru obtain a degree (in
judo); get a black belt
0781
E1-5-5
► WATERSIDE
HAN Щ kuro
ffl	Joyo	S10-5-5	K4042
102	D2098	®1145	U7554
I	П	in	ffl	Ш	a	a
2........3	4	5	6	7	8	9

10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 waterside, water's edge, bank, shore
kohan lake shore, lakeside
kahan riverside,banksofa river
chihan edge of a pond
yoshinogawahan the banks of
Yoshino River
281
0780-0781
Е 5-5
► SLEEP
MIN nemu(ru) nemu(i)
§	Joyo	S10-5-5	K4418
109	C1398	®1147	U7720
0784
И1-5-5
► BREAK
HA yabu(ru) yabu(reru)
5
112
Jdyd-5	S10-5-5	K3943
B0658	®1150	U7834
M...in....in..Я....in...FT inrW
f .1. 2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
» 8®
ICOMPOUNDSI
g 0 [original meaning] sleep
p 80E suimin sleep, slumber
AOK® saiminjutsu hypnotism, mesmerism
Т0Ё fumin sleeplessness, insomnia
tdmin hibernation ("winter sleep")
anmin quiet sleep, peaceful slumber
eimin eternal sleep, death
[kun]
[nemuru IK&] sleep
nemuri sleep, slumber, nap
0Ё nemurikomu fall asleep
[nemui И ] sleepy
nemutai sleepy
0ЕЖ nemuke sleepiness
0783
E1-5-5
► RULE
KU капе IU nori tsune tadasu
tadashi
£	Names	S10-5-5	K2275
111	D2278	®1148	U77E9
IcompoundsI
0 (established standard) rule, standard, crite-
rion
fllj kusoku rule, standard
[kun]
[капе carpenter's square, metal measure;
regular shaku (R) (approx. 12 in.)
S1R kanejaku carpenter's square; regular
shaku (R) (approx. 12 in.)
[note]
★do not confuse with short =>0801
|r |£ £ ty
2
5
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] break, smash
© break through, penetrate
а	hakaisuru break (down), destroy,
wreck
hahen fragment, broken piece, scrap
hason damage, breakdown
hasaisuru crush, smash, crack to
pieces
hametsu ruin, destruction, wreck, col-
lapse, downfall
bakuha blasting, blowing up, explosion
19Ж nanpa shipwreck
dahasuru break down, overthrow,
abolish
b	toppasuru break [smash] through;
surmount; exceed
kanpasuru see through, penetrate,
read (another's thoughts)
0 break the enemy, defeat
gekihasuru defeat, rout; destroy
пнвЙ£Т<5 ronpasuru refute, defeat in argu-
ment
renpa suru defeat one's enemy in
succession
©0 (act contrary to) BREAK (as a promise),
breach, violate
0 break with (the moral conventions), be
exceptional
а ЖЖ haki breaking (a treaty), annulment
hadan cancellation, breaking off
hayaku breach of contract
b harenchi shamelessness, infamy,
impudence
0 break down, go to pieces, go broke
hakyoku collapse, catastrophe
hatan failure, rupture; bankruptcy
0782-0784
282
5-5 E
ЙЙ'Т'Ь hasan suru go bankrupt, go broke
0 carry through with, perform an action to the
end
RftBS'lT-S dokuhasuru read through
Ъ sohasuru run [cover] the whole
distance
[KUN]
[yaburu
00 break, smash, destroy
0 tear, rip
to oyaburu break a door
kamiоyaburu tear (up) paper
0 (force one s way) break through, penetrate,
break out (of jail)
kakomi оyaburu break
through a siege
JRL®£<E) miyaburu see through, penetrate,
read (another's thoughts)
V kinkoyaburi safecracking; safe-
cracker
О break the enemy, defeat
ЙЙ Ж <5 teki о yaburu defeat one's enemy
0 (surpass) break (a record)
kiroku о yaburu break the rec-
ord
0 (act contrary to) break (a promise), breach,
violate
kisoku о yaburu violate the
rules
[yabureru
О tear, be torn, rip open
fiJctlli yabureme rent, tear, split
0 be ruined
kuniyaburete with one's country
in ruins
[HQMOPHONESI
yabureru BE DEFEATED :=>0991
O7&5
E1-5-5
► HEAVY GUN
HO
5	Joyo	S10-5-5	K4304
112	C1250	01151	U7832
- |r It [я Is W
1
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] heavy gun, gun, artillery, ord-
nance
0 cannon
а hoka gunfire
ЙЖ hdsei sound of firing, roar of cannon
hdjutsu gunnery, artillery
shukuho feu de joie, artillery [gun] sa-
lute
teppo gun, firearm
juho firearm
КЙ juho heavy gun
happdsuru fire, discharge (a gun)
taisenshaho antitank gun
b 5SA hogan cannon ball
taihb gun, cannon, artillery
ffl
i
£
5
T
*
fi
i
► ORDER
CHITSU m chichi
0786
E1-5-5
	Joyo	S10-5-5	K3565
115	C1401	01158	U79E9
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 order, methodical arrangement
chitsujo order, discipline; method, sys-
tem
0787
В1-5-5
► SECRET
HI hi(meru)
	Jbyb-6	S10-5-5	K4075
115	B0939	01159	U79D8
283
0785-0787
LI 5-5__________________________________
1 [' "r if if if if ШШ.
123456789
2liS
®	10
g ICOMPOUNDSl
a- 0 [original meaning] (without the knowledge of
* others) secret, private, clandestine, hidden
5 0 (something kept secret) secret, secrecy
0 [original meaning] (beyond human understand-
ing) secret, mysterious, abstruse
a ®Sj himitsu secret, mystery; privacy
n	hijutsu secret (art); the best of one's skill
hiketsu secret, key
§	hiden secret, mystery
1 SS hiho (hidden) treasure
Й?Ш hisho secretary; treasured book
mokuhisuru keep silent, keep se-
cret
b gokuhi strict secrecy, top secret
bugaihino restricted
c Wffi4 shinpi mystery
[kun]
[himeru keep secret, conceal, hide
himegoto secret
kokoro ni himeru keep to one-
self
0788
E1-5-5
► APPELLATION
SHO
5R	Joyo	S10-5-5	K3046
115	C1007	01160	U79F0
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 appellation, name, title
0 name, call, designate, entitle
a й^ shogo title, degree
meisho appellation, name, title
1ВЙ^ tsusho popular [common] name
zokusho popular [common] name
ЙЙ' aisho nickname, pet name
sosho generic name, general term
b	koshosuru call, name
Й Й^'Т<5 jisho suru profess oneself (to be
someone), call [style] oneself
0 symmetrical, matching
ЙЙ*' taishd symmetry
[independent!
[shosuru й'"?-<5 J name, designate; pretend,
claim
yamai to shosuru feign illness,
pretend to be ill
0789		Joyo	S10-5-5	K3337
E1-5-5	115	D2135	@1161	U79DF
1	2	3	:i 4	5	6	7	8	9		
ifel
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 land tax, crop tax, taxes
sozei taxes, taxation
soyochd taxes in kind or service
(former tax system), corvee
chiso land tax
menso tax exemption
koso tribute, annual tax
► BE SUBJECTED TO
HI kdmu(ru)
0790		Joyo	S10-5-5	K4079
E1-5-5	145	B0547	@1163	U88AB
7 f	ft	ft I-	1 ftrftfftB	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
00 be subjected to, undergo, suffer
0 auxiliary verb for forming the passive
voice similar to the English be
a higai damage, harm
0788-0790
284
hidan being bombed
hisai suffering, affection
b	hiyosha employee
ijSSSW’ hibakusha victim of atomic air raid
Ж яЛ hikokunin defendant
hihokensha insured person
hisenkyoken eligibility for election
0 cover, envelope; wear
ШЯ hifuku covering, coating
himaku tunic, capsule
[KUN]
[kdmuru be subjected to, undergo,
receive, sustain
Ж W S songai о kdmuru suffer a loss
onkeiо komuru share in the
benefit
IHOMOPHONESI
kdmuru ИГ =>®2505
6^?
E1-5-5
► ALREADY
KI sude(ni)
Ж	Joyo	S10-5-5	K2091
71	Cl 177	®1166	U65E2
10
[compounds!
• [also prefix] already, previous
BSflJO kikanno already published
kikonno already married
kisonno existing
kiteino fixed, prearranged
UQs'Se kiosho previous illness, medical his-
tory
8ЕЯЖ kichisO known quantity
kiho previous report
kiseino ready-made, ready-to-wear
kiseihin ready-made goods
kihappydno already published
[KUN]
[sudeni Stic]
0 ALREADY
5-5 П
-------------------------------------------1
0 previously
а	Kare wasudeni
shuppatsu shite ita He had already
started
b К [С Ф L ZtШ IC sudeni moshita yd ni as I H
have previously stated	g
IHOMOPHONESI
sudeni	ЕГ =>®3377	*
--------------------------------------------5
► WEAK
JAKU yowa(i) yowa(ru)
yowa(maru) yowa(meru)
0792 E1-5-5	57	Jdyo-2	S10-3-7	K2869
		B0922	®1167	U5F31
i” r ? 1	2	3	4		1.	FFW 5	6	7	8	9		
и
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
[also prefix]
0 [original meaning] (lacking strength) weak,
feeble
© (lacking force) weak
а jakuten weak point
jakunikukyoshoku law of the jun-
gle (the strong prey on the weak)
kyojakuna weak, feeble, sickly
b jakushin weak earthquake, minor
tremor
jakudoku weak poison
jakudenki light electrical appliance
jakusansei slight acidity
[KUN]
[yowai	V *] weak, feeble; fragile, frail,
invalid; (lacking competence) weak, poor, un-
skilled
yowasa weakness
yowami weakness; shortcoming
yowabi low fire, gentle heating
igiglft yowami weak point, sore spot
yowakina timid; weak-spirited; bear-
ish (stock market)
Ilf Тз yowane complaints
LNijlfe hiyowana weak, delicate, sickly
igjg И kayowai weak, frail, tender
suji niyowai not good with
285
0791-0792
Е 5-6
1 --------7----------------------------------
1	figures
[yowaru ] vi WEAKen, wane; be debili-
tated [emaciated]; be embarrassed, be in a fix
m О Ж'Т'б yowarihateru be worn out; be
helpless
§	0 0 oyowarino very much annoyed
[yowamaru ||<S] vi'WEAKen,abate,wane
yowamari weakening, abatement
Kaze да yowamatta The
wind has fallen
[yowameru	vtWEAKen, attenuate,
lower, soften, tone down, dilute
gasu о yowameru turn down
the gas
gokiоyowameru soften
one’s voice
MBS bdryaku stratagem, scheme, plot
3£BS toryaku party politics [tactics]
0 plunder, pillage
BSW ryakudatsu pillage, plunder, looting
ftBST-Ь shinryaku suru invade, aggress
(against)
TfcBS koryaku capture, conquest; invasion
[INDEPENDENT!
[ryaku B§] abbreviation, abridgment; omis-
sion
EteEAST0BST&3 iwa isuto no
ryaku de аги "E" is an abbreviation of
"East"
[ryakusu BST J abbreviate, shorten; omit,
leave out
BS LT ryakushite for short
0793
В1-5-6
► ABRIDGED
► STRATEGY
RYAKU
ffl	Joyo-5	S11-5-6	K4612
102	B0761	®1169	U7565
l П m Ш ffl
123456789
ftS
ICOMPOUNDSl
О abridged, brief, concise
B§fo ryakugo abbreviation
BS^ ryakuji simplified character; abbrevia-
tion
ryakubun abridged sentence
BSl§ ryakureki brief personal history
fifiBSZi kanryakuna simple, brief, concise;
informal
0 omit, leave out
itFBilshoryakusuru omit, abbreviate,
abridge
ФВ§ ch й ryaku ellipsis, omission (of interior
parts)
О strategy, plan, tactics, scheme, stratagem
ntB§ keiryaku stratagem, plan, scheme
WgBS senryaku strategy, stratagem
BCBS seiryaku political tactics [maneuver],
politicking
MBS sakuryaku artifice, stratagem, scheme
0794
El-5-6
► EYE
BO hitomi
a	Names	511-5-6	K6640
109	D3756	®1170	U7738
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] eye, eyes
boshi eye; pupil
sobo both eyes
meibo bright eyes, beautiful eyes
^0$ ichibo sweep of the eye
[KUN]
[hitomi
0 pupil, the apple of one's eye
0 one's eyes
kuroi hitomi (beautiful) dark eyes
IHOMOPHONESI
hitomi ® PUPIL =>0836
0795
В1-5-6
► LOOK OUT OVER
CHO naga(meru)
i	Joyo	511-5-6	K3615
109	D1835	01171	U773A
0793-0795
286
I ПИЙ 0 0j 0j W
..1	23456789
[COMPOUNDS!
• [original meaning] look out over, look far
and wide, look afar, gaze
ft HI chobo view, prospect, outlook
[KUN]
[nagameru B&ad-6] look out over, look
afar, gaze, look at, watch
fttf) nagame view, scene; prospect, outlook
umi о nagameru look out over
the sea
Л	tsuki о nagameru gaze at the
moon
SB 0796	► EYE GAN GEN manako теж Ц] sakka			
	g	Joyd-5	511-5-6	K2067
D1-5-6	109	C1389	®1172	U773C
i п J £ 14 SII
123456789
BF-BR
10	11
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] eye
IH£J< дапкуй eyeball
ganka ophthalmology
HIS hekigan blue eyes
Ж IS kingan nearsightedness
sogankyo binoculars
IR IS kaigen opening one's eyes to the truth,
enlightenment
© [also suffix] (power of discrimination) eye, dis-
cernment, insight
1МЛ ganriki insight, power of observation
ISs^ ganshiki insight, discrimination
WJIIS shinbigan an eye for the beautiful,
aesthetic sense
[KUN|
tmanako IS] eye
8l'®xU'IS nebokemanako sleepy eyes;
5-6 []
drowsy look
HI^IS dongurimanako goggle eyes, round
eyes
[me IS] EYE
Ill ill megane (=gankyd) glasses, spectacles;
judgment, insight
IHOMQPHONESI
me
@ EYE =>1927
BUD =>1429
[ пп Ш ]
► DUTY
MU tsuto(meru) Щ tsukasa
tsutomu chika kane
0797
В1-5-6
	Joyd-5	511-2-9	K4419
19	A0123	©1173	U52D9
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (task required by one's occupation) duty, task,
office, function
ninmu duty, part, function; mission
kinmu duty, service, work
shokumu duty, duties, function
JltlW gyomu business, affairs, work, service
© (moral or legal obligations) duty, responsibil-
ity, obligation
ЙЙ? gimu duty, obligation
МЙ? sekimu responsibility and obligation,
responsibility to do one's duty
ЖЖ saimu debt, obligation, liabilities
© affairs, business
ИЖ kokumu duties ofstate, national affairs
gaimu foreign affairs
ЖЙ? jimu business, clerical work, duties of an
office
somu general affairs; manager, director
komu public service, official affairs
ЖЖ senmu managing [executive] director
8;Йг homu judicial affairs; clerical duty
[kun]
[tsutomeru iK£)-6]
0 discharge [perform] one's duties
287
0796-0797
Е 5-6
1 ---------------------------------------
О play [act, perform] (a part or role)
a $3$) tsutome duty, task, responsibility
b Й gicho о tsutomeru act as
chairman
Щ IHOMOPHONESI
@ tsutomeru
Ш SERVICE =>1182
EXERT =>1618
? ЯЙ ENDEAVOR =>®3318
tsutome 8Й SERVICE =>>1182
0798
D1-5-6
► SHIFT
I utsu(ru) utsu(su)
	Jdyd-5	S11-5-6	K1660
115	B0524	®1177	U79FB
123456789
W-
IcompoundsI
0 (change in position, time or state) shift, move,
change
0 cause to shift, transfer, remove, move
a fefrT& ikdsuru shift [switch] over
idd suru move, shift, transfer
iten transfer, removal; change of ad-
dress
ishoku transplanting
suii transition, change
b ЙИЗЕ iju migration, immigration; move
iseki transfer of one's name in the regis-
ter
imin immigration, emigration; immi-
grant, emigrant
[KUN]
[utsuru
О move (to a new house)
0 utsuri change, transition; return present
tokyo ni utsuru move to Tokyo
© shift, change, pass
0	0 utsurikawari change, transition
© be infected with; be contagious
moeutsuru (of fire) spread, extend
itself
geri да utsutta be infected
with diarrhea
[utsusu
O0 shift, move, transfer
G transfuse (liquids or colors)
utsushikaeru shift [move] (an
object) to [into]
tokai ni utsusu move (an object
or person) to the city
□ kuchiutsushi mouth-to-mouth feed-
ing; conveying by word of mouth
Ft*®	keikaku оjikkd ni
utsusu carry a plan into practice
0 transmit (a disease)
kaze о utsusu give [transmit] a
cold (to someone)
IHOMOPHONESI
utsuru
COPY =>1260
Й REFLECT =>>0600
utsuri
Eft REFLECT =>>0600
COPY =>1260
utsusu
COPY =>1260
Й REFLECT =>0600
J®
0799
В1-5-7
► SPARSE
► ESTRANGE
SO uto(i) uto(mu)
/Е	Joyo	512-5-7	K3334
103	D1617	®1178	U758E
” T T JF l Г FFF
123456789
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
© sparse, thin, scattered, sporadic
Ж 51 sokai dispersal, evacuation
somitsu sparseness and luxuriant
growth
sorin sparse woods
kaso depopulation
kusona empty, unsubstantial
©0 estrange, alienate, neglect
0 ESTRANGEd, alienated, distant
0798-0799
288
a M^l- sogai estrangement, alienation
MfB sokaku estrangement, alienation
b MzKtt^ sosuiseino hydrophobic
MjS soen estrangement, alienation, neglect
[KUN]
[utoi ЙН] ESTRANGEd, distant; ignorant of
Й Й 0 0 L M L Saru mono wa hibi
ni utoshi Out of sight, out of mind
ЖМИ seji ni utoi know but little of the
world
[utomu Mt?] neglect, shun, estrange,
alienate
M^LV^ utomashii disagreeable,offensive
M/LL& utonjiru neglect,shun,alienate
Ж18 IC M A> L 6	tomodachi ni
utonjirareru be treated distantly by
one's friends
► BRIGHT WHITE
КО Ц] aki akira hikaru hiroshi teru
hiro
0800
El-5-7
Й	Names	S12-5-7	K6611
106	D2310	®1180	U7693
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] bright white, sparkling
white, beautifully white, pure white
Йп^х koban white vitriol, zinc sulfate hepta-
hydrate
meibokdshi starry eyesand beau-
tiful white teeth (said of beautiful
women)
► SHORT
TAN mijika(i)
0801
El-5-7
*	Joyo-3	S12-5-7	K3527
111	B0716	01182	U77ED
9
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO [also prefix] [original meaning] (not long)
SHORT
5-7 E
--------------------------------------------- 1
© (of short duration) short, brief-----------1
© SHORTen
a felSc tanpa shortwave
feM tanki short [hot] temper
felft tanka tanka, Japanese verse
b felKS tanki short term	Й
tankidaigaku junior college	м
felKAM tankikan shortterm, short time
c feSS tanshuku shortening, contraction, re- 5
duction
© SHORTcoming, defect
feSff tansho shortcoming, defect	X
И
[mijikai £g0] short, brief
mijikasugiru too short
L temijika ni shortly, briefly
[note]
★do not confuse with rule =>0783
► HARD
KO kata(i)
0802	5	Joyo	512-5-7	K2537
Ш1-5-7	112	Cl 160	®1183	U786C
T % [J? \Jp
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] hard, firm, tough, solid
kodo hardness
kdkasuru harden, stiffen
® St кока coin, metallic currency
5^ it koshiki hardball (baseball)
kdchoku stiffness, rigidity
kdkotsu hard bone; firmness
© HARD-line, stiff, unyielding, obdurate
51^ koha hard-line elements, stalwart
konan-ryoha stalwart and insur-
gent factions
kyokona firm (attitude), unbending;
drastic (measure)
[kun]
[katai ЙИ]
289
0800-0802
В 5-7
1 ---------------------------------------
О (resisting pressure) hard, tough, strong (esp.
metals or stone)
katasa hardness
j ® V 'б katai ishi hard stone
0 stiff (facial expression)
Й	katai hydjo stiff expression
£ IHOMQPHONESI
r katai
FIRM =>1805
H SOLID =>1963
_L. В DIFFICULT =>1196
У _______________________________________
►sulfur
-St
0803	5	Joyo	S12-5-7	K4618
E1-5-7	112	D1910	®1184	U786B
—	T	г	£	5	s’			
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] sulfur
JKtSS ryusan sulfuric acid
StS ryuan ammonium sulfate
St'ffc'T'b ryukasuru sulfurize
ЯЙЙ datsuryu desulfurization
ISPECIAL READINGS]
StM id sulfur
0804
В1-5-7
► NITER
SHO
5	Joyo	S12-5-7	K3043
112	D2041	®1185	U785D
" Ir |r ifi |E #P£|'
1	2		3
«ft 10	Jfj	12
0 niter, saltpeter, potassium nitrate
'б shoseki saltpeter
ГЙЖ shosan nitric acid
shdyaku gunpowder
shoen gunpowder smoke
ISPECIAL READINGS]
garasu glass
0805
E1-5-7
► RARE
KI KE mare
Ж	Names	S12-5-7	K2109
115	D2481	®1189	U7A00
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (not frequent) rare, uncommon, unusual,
scarce
kitai (=kidai) no uncommon, rare
keu (=kiyO) na rare, unusual, un-
common
kishona scarce, rare
koki three score and ten, seventy years
of age
© [original meaning] (thin in density) rare, rare-
fied, dilute, thin
Шkihaku na dilute, thin, rare, sparse
kishaku dilution
[KUN]
[mare ЙП
marena rare, uncommon, scarce, unique
IHOMQPHONESI
mare rare =>1294
► EXTENT
► ESTABLISHED FORM
TEI hodo -hodo
	Jdyd-5	S12-5-7	K3688
115	A0496	®1190	U7A0B
0806
E1-5-7
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 extent, degree, range, limit
0 (range of distance) extent, distance, range,
mileagejourney
a teido degree, extent, standard
0803-0806
290
b StШ shatei shooting range
ryotei distance to be covered; plan of
one's trip
kdtei run (of a ship), sail; flight
eFS ontei (musical) interval, distance
(between tones)
00 established form or mode of behavior:
rule, regulation, standard procedure, pat-
tern
0 established order of doing things: process,
course
0 preestablished program of events: schedule,
program, plan, agenda, course of study
a Si^Jl kitei official regulations, inner rules
hdteishiki equation
b XS kdtei process of manufacture, amount
of work
katei process, course
WS katei course, curriculum
c 0® nittei a day's program, order of the day
joteisuru introduce on the agenda,
lay [introduce] a bill before the Diet
[kun]
[hodo
O0 extent, degree, measure; limit
0 extent [degree] of distance, time or
quality
а	hodoyoku properly, rightly, moder-
ately
hodo osugosu break bounds,
go too far
dorehodo how far; how long; how
many [much]
b H hodotoi far (from), distant, fall far
short of
< hodonaku soon (afterward); shortly;
before long
т*С?з1 sakihodo some time ago, a little while
ago
G particle
0 as, as...as, (not) so...as
0 the more [less]...the more [less]
И Boku wa yatsu ni sonna
shitsumon о suru hodo bakaja nai I'm
not so stupid as to ask him such a ques-
tion
b X-HtUf Ж	Д 0 Hayakereba hayai
hodo yoi The sooner, the better
5-7 E
1
[-hodo -S] .. .or thereabouts, about, ap-
proximately
sanshdkanhodo three weeks or
thereabouts
► TAX
ZEI Ц] osamu chikara etsu
0807	X	Jdyd-5	S12-5-7	K3239
E1-5-7	115	A0199	®1191	U7A0E
	О 10	11	12				r	FWI 5	6	7	8	9		
ICOMPOUNDSI G [also suffix] tax, duty zeikin tax, duty; rates zeikan customhouse fflSt sozei taxes, taxation nS® kazei taxation ЯЙ^Й datsuzei tax evasion Й^Й genzei reduction of taxes, tax cut ЙЖ nozei tax payment Й^Т^^Й shotokuzei income tax ГШёЖ kansetsuzei indirect tax				
[INDEPENDENT! [zei Ш TAX, duty ^Й ft 2£) Ъ zei о osameru pay a tax				
	► COMPLETE SHUN			
0808	XL	Names	512-5-7	K2955
E1-5-7	117	D2984	®1193.5	U7AE3
*
Й
£
5
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 complete, finish (a project or task)
Й^ХХ-Ь shunkdsuru (of construction
work) be completed
291
0807-0808
D-7
1
0809
D1-5-7
► ABUNDANT
YU Ц] hiro hiroshi yutaka yasu
michi
i
В
£
5
*
У
*
► SUPPLEMENT
HO ogina(u) [§ suke tasuku
$	Joyd-6	S12-5-7	K4268
145	A0378	®1194	U88DC
0810
El-5-7
	Joyo	S12-5-7	K4521
145	B0934	®1195	U88D5
*	T t	1	r	r	fa	fa
1	2	3
fafafa
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
О supplement, make up for, compensate;
replenish, supply
ЙаЁ hosoku supplement, replenishment
ЙЖ hoi supplement
hoshosuru compensate,indem-
nify
hojusuru supplement, replenish,
recruit
Шп hokyu supply, replenishment
1ЙХ hoketsu filling a vacancy; substitute,
alternate
hoseisuru revise, correct
О (fill a vacancy) appoint, assign, select
ffifzE'fa%) honin suru appoint to office
kohosha candidate, applicant
О assist, aid; give guidance
hosasuru assist, help
hojosuru assist, support, aid
hoddsuru guide, direct, lead; take
into custody
[kun]
[oginau ] supplement, make up for,
compensate; replenish, supply
oginai supplement, replenishment,
reparation
kekkan о oginau make up for a
fault
□ fusoku о oginau make up for a
shortage
ICOMPOUNDSl
* abundant, plentiful, ample
yOfukuna rich, wealthy
уОуй surplus, margin, room; composure
Жй/Х fuyuna wealthy, rich
0811
В1-5-8
► ELEGANT
GA miya(bi)T Щ masa masashi
tsune
	Joyo	S13-8-5	K1877
172	C1035	®1197	U96C5
r r 5 Я T О’Г
23456789
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
• elegant, refined, graceful, artistic, sophis-
ticated
уйдапа elegant, graceful, refined
fuga elegance, refinement, daintiness
0812
E1-5-8
ICOMPOUNDSl
► FRIENDLY
BOKU mutsu(majii) mutsu(mu)
[Ц mutsu mutsumi chika yoshi
moku
g	Names	S13-5-8	K4351
109	D1990	®1199	U7766
• friendly, harmonious, peaceful
shinboku friendliness, amity, intimacy
waboku reconciliation, peace
[KUN]
[mutsumajii	С V *] friendly, intimate,
0809-0812
292
5-8 |]
harmonious
[mutsumu H get along well together
mutsugoto lover's talk, whispered inti-
macies
0813		Joyo	S13-5-8	K3171
E1-5-8	109	D1975	®1200	U7761
I П 0 Я 0 0" 0' 0=0^
1..2...3..4...5..6..7...8.9
0W0&0|±0gf
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] sleep, doze
Й0Е suimin sleep, slumber
1881 suima sleepiness, drowsiness
ЙзЖ suiren waterlily
jukusui sound sleep
konsuijotai comatose state
{ЙВИ kasui nap, doze
gosui nap, afternoon sleep
issui mo shinakatta
had a sleepless night
► RIPEN
NEN JIN mino(ru) [Ц toshi minori
naru nori nari
0815
E1-5-8
115	Names	513-5-8	K4413
	D1698	®1207	U7A14
[KUN]
[minoru bear fruit, ripen	x
0 minori crop, ripening
IHOMQPHONESI
minoru REAL =>1416	itk
minori Ж REAL =>1416
► RIDGE
RYO RO Щ taka takashi itsu izu
0816
E1-5-8
	Names	S13-5-8	K4639
115	D2108	®1207.5	U7A1C
ICOMPOUNDSl
• RIDGE
ryosen ridgeline
► PACIFY
SEI Ц] yasu yasushi nobu osamu
haru shizu
0814
E1-5-8
► CHILDISH
CHI E waka
	Joyo	S13-5-8	K3553
115	D1644	®1206	U7A1A
r я
6	7	8	9
;; i ? з
10	11	12	13
[compounds!
• childish, infantile, immature; very young
chiki childishness
chisetsuna childish, unskillful
chigo infant, child
yochina childish, infantile, crude
yochien kindergarten
0817
E1-5-8
	Names	S13-8-5	K4487
174	C1526	®1208	U9756
► BROWN			
0818	* E1-5-8	145	Joyo	S13-5-8	K1976
	D2390	01210	U8910
7 7 |	1 123456789 10	11	12	13			
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф BROWN, dirty brown
kasshoku brown
chakasshoku brown, liver brown
293
0813-0818
Е 5-8
► NAKED
RA hadaka
	Joyo	SI 3-5-8	K4571
145	D1764	®1211	U88F8
Я 0819
g В1-5-8

10	11	12	13
itt; ICOMPOUNDSI
* [original meaning] (without clothing) naked,
nude, bare
rafu nude woman
ratal naked [nude] body, nudity
zenrano stark naked, nude
[kun]
[hadaka naked body; being uncovered
[bare]
$|0 hadaka no naked, nude, bare, un-
dressed
hadakauma barebacked horse
Ж о Ж 0 suppadaka no stark naked, in
one's bare skin
hadakasen bare wire
ISPECIAL READINGS]
hadashi barefoot, bare feet
fit
E1-5-8
incorrect classification/
stroke-count
=>see E1-4-10: if at 0724
	► MONUMENT HI						
0820 El-5-9	S' 112	Joyo	514-5-9			K4074	
		D1665	®1213			U7891	
!' т x 5 %'					5*		
123456789 10	11	12	13 '	14 ICOMPOUNDSI © monument, stone monument 5$3t hibun epitaph, inscription							
55$ sekihi stone monument, tombstone
Ж5$ bohi tombstone, gravestone
|R5$ kahi monument inscribed with a tanka
poem
pE/c^5$ kinenhi monument
[INDEPENDENT!
[hi fi$] MONUMENT
9f E9 ft Ж 0 5$ nitta yoshisada no hl
monument in memory of Yoshisada
Nitta
0821
Ш1-5-9
► MAGNETISM
JI
5	Jdyd-6	514-5-9	K2807
112	C1512	®1214	U78C1
Г К
1	2
Г £ |5 |Г 51^5^
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 MAGNETISM
© [also prefix] magnetic
0 [original meaning] magnet
а Ж Ж jiki magnetism
5ЙЙ$Ж jiryokusen line of magnetic force
5ЙШ jlba magnetic field
jikyoku magnetic pole
denjlha electromagnetic waves
jlhoi magnetic bearing
с Ш5 jlshaku magnet; compass
► EMINENT
SEKI JAKU Ц] hiro hiroshi mitsuru
0822
E1-5-9
H	Names	514-5-9	K3257
112	D2751	®1214.5	U78A9
ICOMPOUNDSI
© eminent, great
seklgaku //terary eminent scholar, man
of erudition
0819-0822
294
0823
С1-5-9
► VARIETY
► SEED
SHU tane -gusa’ И kusa kazu
Ж	Joyo-4	814-5-9	K2879
115	A0480	©1218	U7A2E
123456789
^j|
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
О variety, kind, type, sort, breed, race
Я И shumoku item; event (as a race)
ЯЯО shujuno various, diverse
т§*Й0 kakushuno each [every] kind, vari-
ous
Я 0 isshu no a kind of, of a sort
ЖЯ kishu type of airplane [machine], model
ЖЭ gyoshu type of industry, category of
business
1ЙЯ shokushu type of occupation, occupa-
tional category
ппЙ hinshu kind, variety, description, brand
AS jinshu (human) race
© [also suffix] biol species, variety
11Я ashu subspecies
henshu variety; mutation
>S horusutain-shu Holstein,
Holstein-Friesian
© SEED
S^ shushi seed, pit, stone
Я/A shuhi seed coat, testa
[independent!
[shu Я] kind, sort
^10SO konoshuno this kind of
[KUN]
[tane SJ
О seed, stone, kernel, pip
5ЙЙ natane rapeseed, coleseed
© subject, topic, matter, news
#Я tokudane exclusive news, scoop
© cause, source, origin
nayami no tane cause of annoy-
ance
5-9 [J
,	-------------------------------- 1
IHOMOPHONESI
tane JiL PROGENY =>0008
-gusa Ж GRASS =>1450
► RICE PLANT
TO ine ina- Ц] shine
_______________________________ i
A	Joyo	814-5-9	KI 680
115	Cl 063	©1219	U7A32
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
© RICE PLANT, rice
suito paddy-rice plant, aquatic rice
ИЖ rikuto (=okabo) rice grown in a dry field
banto late growing rice
[kun]
[ine Ш RICE PLANT
SAI ty inekari rice reaping
[ina- S-]
О RICE PLANT, rice
inasaku rice crop; raising rice plants
Я ft inaho ear of rice
© lightning
SS inazuma lightning
SA inabikari lightning
Ж
0825
E1-5-9
ICOMPOUNDSl
► SOUND OF GUSTING WIND
SATSU SO
Ж	Names	814-9-5	K8105
182	D3317	©1220.5	U98AF
© [archaic] sound of gusting winds; gust of
wind
© like a gust of wind
a	satsuzentaru (of a gust of wind)
blowing suddenly
bW sasso to smart, brisk, dashing
295
0823-0825
Е 5-9
► END
TAN hashi ha1 ha2 hata -bata
Ц) tadashi
Ф ICOMPOUNDSl
1 О end, extremity, tip
ЯШ~? tanshi terminal
tottan tip, point
WSffi rydtan both ends
sentan pointed end, tip; spearhead;
vanguard
mattan end, tip, termination
—ittan one end, edge, side; a part
ЙЯШ kyokutan extreme, extremity, pole
ДяШ itan heresy, paganism, heterodoxy
0 start, beginning, starting point, origin
ЯшЖ tansho (=tancho) beginning, start, first
step; clue
ЯШ^ tango festival on the 5th of May (ofthe
lunar calendar)
Няш hottan origin, beginning, outset
ЙсЯШ ЯЯ < sentan о hiraku take up arms
(against), open hostilities
ЙзЯШ (Z to tan ni just as, just at the moment
0 straight, direct
ySWJZ tantekini directly, straightforwardly,
frankly
[KUN]
[hashi яш]
О end, extremity, tip
himo no hashi end of a string
WSfi rydhashi both ends
0 edge, margin, brink, border; side
JZ hashibashi ni here and there, in
some parts
Ж <7)ЯШ michi no hashi edge of a street
migihashi right side, right margin
[ha1 Яш] edge, border
|1|0УЙ yamanoha edge [brow] of moun-
tain
[ha2 Яш] [in compounds] odd thing, fragment,
piece—historically sometimes interchangeable
with Ж, as in the word hagaki, which is now al-
ways written Ж Ш
ЯШ®[ hasu fraction, odd sum
^Няш hanpa fragment, odd item; incomplete-
ness
T О ЯШ shitappa underling, subordinate
[hata ЯШ,-bata -ffi] [also suffix] edge, side
ЙкФяшТ ike no hata de near [by] the pond
Жяш michibata roadside, wayside
IHOMQPHONESI
hashi
Ш BRIDGE =>0738
=>®2708
ha2 Ж leaf =>1497
hata beside =>®147
► COMPOUND
FUKU Ц] hara
0827
E1-5-9
	Jdyd-5	S14-5-9	K4203
145	B0897	®1222	U8907
	г		
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
2	3

О compound, double, multiple, complex,
composite
Ж o* fukugo compound, composite, complex
Ж? 4 fukuri compound interest
ЖШ fukushi polyopia
Ж1& fukusu plural
ЖШ/Х fukuzatsuna complicated, complex,
involved, intricate
0 duplicate, copy
ЖФ fukuhon duplicate, copy
Ж®! fukusei duplication, reproduction
Ж^ fukusha copy, duplication
0826-0827
296
0828	► TERRITORY RYO Ц) mine			
	Ж	Jdyb-5	S14-9-5	K4646
E1-5-9	181	A0221	01224	U9818
IcompoundsI
О [also suffix] territory, domain, possession,
estate
ЖсЬ ryddo territory, domain
ЖЛ rydnai domains, territory
rydkai territorial water
rydchi territory, possession, dominion,
domain; fief, feud
pHze гудки airspace
tenryd imperial demesne; shogunal
demesne
В ФЖ nihonryd Japanese territory
Л	kanbojiaryd Cambodian pos-
session
0 (sphere of action) territory, domain, area
pf® rydiki territory, domain, sphere, prov-
ince; math domain
rydbun territory, domain; sphere ©fac-
tion
ФЖ honryd characteristic, one's specialty;
one's line
© take possession of, occupy, have jurisdiction
over
nMW гудуй possession
senryd suru capture, occupy, take
possession of
brydsuru seize upon, embezzle,
usurp
0 receive
rydshusho receipt, voucher
juryd receipt
hairydsuru receive (from a supe-
rior), be bestowed
© leader, chief, head, administrator
ЖЖ rydji consul, consular representative
pjOMfi rydjikan consulate
ЛЖЖ daitdryd president
5-10 []
---------------------------------------------- 1
МЖ shuryd leader, head, chief	1
0 main point, essentials, outline
Hf® ydryd gist, essentials; outline; procedure
Ж Ж kdryd essential [main] points, gist, out-	r
line; summary
rhB ►FLUENT	£
CHO dO nobu noboru toru yo
masa itaru naga
0829	0	Names	S14-4-10	K3610
E1-5-9	72	D2089	01226	U66A2
ICOMPOUNDSI
• FLUENT(ly), smooth(ly), free(ly), with ease
chdtatsu fluency, facileness
ryuchdna fluent, flowing, smooth
0830
В1-5-10
► CERTAIN
KAKU tashi(ka) tashi(kameru)
Ц] akira
5	Jdyd-5	S15-5-10	K1946
112	A0302	©1228	U78BA
Г О %%.
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
if
0 certain, definite, positive, sure, reliable,
accurate
© (not easily moved) firm, solid, steadfast, sound
а 54n& kakunin confirmation, ascertainment
54lSZX kakujitsuna certain, sure, reliable;
sound, solid
54SE kakushd certain [definite] proof, posi-
tive evidence, corroboration
54$ kakuritsu probability
54lfr kakutd definite answer [reply]
1E545X seikakuna accurate, precise, exact
ВД54& meikakuna clear, precise, distinct
И545Х tekikakuna precise, accurate, exact
b 54®$Ъ kakuho suru secure, make sure of,
ensure
54л£'$<5 kakuritsusuru establish, build up
54fM$^> kakushinsuru believe firmly, be
convinced
54kakushitsu (=kakushCi) discord, strife
297
0828-0830
И 5-ю
1 -----------------------------------------------
1	kakutei decision, settlement; confirma-
tion
kakkotaru firm, sure, resolute
Y
[tashika Й/^J perhaps, probably, I suppose,
? if I remember correctly
tashika na certain, definite, positive,
sure, reliable, trustworthy; able, compe-
tent, sober, sane
tashikasoda probably so
tashika najijitsu established
[certain] fact
tashika na suji reliable source
ki wa tashika da be sane, be in
one's senses
[tashikameru	J ascertain, make
sure of, confirm, corroborate
tashikame confirmation, certification,
ascertainment
56Ъ shingi о tashikameru
make sure of the truth
0831
E1-5-10
► WORK
KA kase(gu)
tR	Joyo	S15-5-10	K1852
115	C1280	®1230	U7A3C
if	f f .rrr
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф work, work for a living, earn
kado working, work; operation (of a ma-
chine)
kagyo trade, business; work; occupation
[kun]
[kasegu <"] work, work for a living, earn;
gain a profitable situation
kasegi labor, work; earnings, income
ЙсГЖ kasegite breadwinner, supporter;
good [hard] worker
kasegitoru earn by working
th® of dekasegi working away from home
cf tomokasegi working together (for a
living), working in double harness
< tensu о kasegu score points
with (a person)
jikan о kasegu gain time
0832
E1-5-10
► MANUSCRIPT
KO
tR	Joyo	S15-5-10	K2538
115	C1328	®1231	U7A3F
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [also suffix] manuscript, draft, copy
koryd payment for a manuscript
genko manuscript, draft, copy
ilFfe kikd contribution (to a newspaper)
soko outline, draft
iko posthumous work [manuscript]
tdkdsuru contribute (an article)
ЯЙ^'Т^) dakkosuru finish writing, com-
plete (a novel)
► SPIKE
SUI ho Щ minoru minori
0833
В1-5-10
115	Joyo	515-5-10	K4270
	C1454	®1232	U7A42
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] spike, ear [head] of grain
suijono shaped like an ear of grain
ЖШКЯ shussuiki sprouting season (of ears of
grain)
7ЁЙ kasui spike
[KUN]
[ho ЙП spike, ear [head] of grain; something
shaped like a spike, as the tip of a writing
brush
honami waving heads (of grain)
0831-0833
298
5-11 П
inaho ear of rice
ochibo gleanings
hosaki spike [ear] of grain; spike of a
spear; tip of a writing brush
0834
Б1-5-11
► CALM
► MILD
ON oda(yaka) [Ц yasu
Ж	Joyo	S16-5-11	K1826
115	C1568	©1235	U7A4F
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О calm, peaceful, quiet, tranquil, placid
heion na calm, quiet, tranquil
annon peace, quiet, tranquility
fuonna disquieting, restless
© mild, gentle, moderate, temperate
WtSZi onken na moderate, temperate,
sound
onwana gentle, mild, genial
Ж S	onto na proper, reasonable, moder-
ate
SfMfe onbinna gentle, quiet, peaceable;
private
[kun]
[odayaka
odayaka na Й^Й*Й£ calm, tranquil, peace-
ful; mild, gentle
Ш^Й^Ж odayaka naumi calm sea
Ш^Й*&Л odayaka na hito mild [gentle]
person
Ш^Й^ХХЯ! odayaka na kaze gentle breeze
0835
E1-5-11
► ACCUMULATE
SEKI tsu(mu) -zu(mi) tsu(moru)
tsu(mori) Ц] tsumi mori
	Jdyd-4	S16-5-11	K3249
115	B0563	©1236	U7A4D
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] accumulate, pile up,
heap up
© ACCUMULATEd, many
а sekisai loading, carrying
SlffiKB^ sekkyokuteki ni positively, ac-
tively
taiseki accumulation, pile, heap
iBSt chikuseki accumulation, stockpiling
111ЯТЪ sansekisuru form a (huge) pile
Ж St ruiseki accumulation
b St® sekisetsu (fallen) snow
St^ sekinen many years
0 size, volume, capacity, area
menseki area, square measure
taiseki (cubic) volume, capacity
3§rSI yoseki capacity, volume, bulk
[KUN]
[tsumu Sl&Jvt
О pile up, heap (up), stack
Ъ tsumiageru pile [heap] up, ac-
cumulate
JtSI<^ uwazumi upper load, deck cargo;
loading on top, overlaying
0 load, ship, stow aboard
tsumikomu load (up), put on
board, stow aboard
finSI<^ funazumi shipment, shipping
© accumulate, lay by, save, amass
St^lLT" tsumitate laying by, reserving,
accumulation
[-zumi -StJ [suffix]
О shipment
kisenzumi shipment by steamer
0 capacity
Л Ь>31<^ЖЖ kyutonzumi-kasha 9-ton
freight car
[tsumoru St £>-5] v/accumulate, get
accumulated, be piled up
® 0 SI furitsumoru (of snow) pile up
[tsumori SI 0 ] intention, purpose
299
0834-0835
Е 5-12
1 —--;--------------------------------------
1 fT < Ж t) 0 tz. iku tsumori da intend to go
IHOMOPHONESI
tSUmu Bn REPRIMAND =>1021
► PUPIL
DO TO hitomi
E1-5-12
s	Names	S17-5-12	K3823
109	D2292	01237	U77B3
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] pupil (of the eye)
ffidFL ddkd pupil
doshi pupil
[KUN]
[hitomi [ffi]
0 PUPIL
0 one's eyes
a lit О hitomi no pupilary
b	hitomi о korasu strain one's
eyes
[HOMOPHONES]
hitomi EYE =>0794
► CLEAR
RYO ® akira
0837
E1-5-12
§	Names	S17-5-12	K4638
109	D2299	©1238	U77AD
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 CLEAR, obvious
0 [original meaning] CLEARly visible
а meiryona clear, plain, lucid
b — @	ichimokurydzen no quite obvi-
ous, as clear as day
0838
В1-5-12
► RECTIFY
KYO ta(meru) Щ takashi
£	Joyo	S17-5-12	K2226
111	D2149	©1241	U77EF
	г	r		5			fif	5Г
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8								9
sft	Eft	5#	5-Ш					
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] reef, sunken rock
gansho reef
JRFSiSffi sangosho coral reef
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 rectify, reform, correct, straighten out
Ш1Е kyosei correction, rectification
kyofu moral reform
[KUN]
[tameru	straighten; correct, redress,
remedy
eda о tameru straighten a
branch
0839
El-5-12
► ROCKY BEACH
KI iso
5	Names	SI 7-5-12	K1675
112	D1631	©1242	U78EF
[KUN]
[iso И] ROCKY BEACH, beach, seashore
ЙЙ isobe rocky beach, beach
isoginchaku sea anemone,
seaflower
isozuri fishing from rocks near the
shore
isozutaini along the beach
araiso reefy coast, windswept and
wave-beaten shore
0840
E1-5-12
► REEF
SHO
5	Joyo	S17-5-12	K3044
112	D1915	©1243	U7901
0836-0840
300
ЙЖ’З-Ъ zashosuru run aground, be
stranded
ИЖ kanshd atoll
ffg Ж ansho sunken rock, unknown reef; dead-
lock
g^	► INSTANT SHUN matata(ku)			
0841 E1-5-13	109	Joyo	S18-5-13	K2954
		C1337	@1247	U77AC
I П И 0 0 0" 0" 0^ 0*\ 123456789 0,«-' g^. g<& g^-0^ g^ 0^.0^ 0Д				
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18 ICOMPOUNDSl © instant, moment; in the twinkling of an eye 1ЙМ shunkan instant, moment, second IKHf shunji instant, moment; minute isshun instant, moment [KUN] [matataku К < ] wink, blink; twinkle, flicker ЙсГ matataki wink; twinkle (of stars) S < ГЫ IC matataku ma ni in the twinkling of an eye				
	► FOUNDATION STONE SO ishizue Щ motoi iso			
0842 E1-5-13	112	Joyo	S18-5-13	K3335
		C1291	@1248	U790E
' T г ь ь			Б'	&	|Z	?		
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
[COMPOUNDS!
О foundation stone, cornerstone, founda-
tion
© (nonphysical support) foundation, basis
а ЙеТз soseki foundation stone, cornerstone
ЙВД sozai foundation materials
дЕЙе te/so laying of a foundation stone
b 38Йе kiso basis, foundation
5-13 |]
kokuso pillar of state	"I
[KUN]
[ishizue ЙП foundation stone, corner-	—<
stone; foundation, basis, base	g
Йе^!®^ ishizue о kizuku lay the founda- -r
tion (for)	A
T
*
0843
E1-5-13
► YIELDING ABUNDANTLY
JO Щ minoru yutaka minori
yuzuru shige
ICOMPOUNDSl
0844
El-5-13
	Names	S18-5-13	K3087
115	D2726	@1250	U7A63
© YIELDING ABUNDANTLY, abundant (harvest),
luxuriant, plentiful
USS hojo abundant crop, rich harvest
► HARVEST
KAKU
tR	Joyo	S18-5-13	K1947
115	D1647	@1251	U7A6B
д i f > Шт
Г
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] harvest, reap, gather
shukakusuru harvest, gather in,
reap
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж catch game =>0537
0845
В1-5-13
► COLLAR
KIN eri
* 145	Joyo	818-5-13	K2263
	D2089	@1252	U895F
? 1 5’ J ,O J*J
123456789
Z^^^	Z^^^ :
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
301
0841-0845
Е е-i
1 .	---------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
• COLLAR, lapel
kaikin shatsu wing-collared
j	[open-neck] shirt
[KUN]
f Leri collar, lapel, neck
of erimaki scarf, muffler
^iE'T eri о tadasu straighten oneself
IHOMQPHONESI
eri COLLAR =>0777
5L
0846
E1-6-1
► DISORDERED
RAN mida(reru) mida(ru)
mida(su)
L	Jdyd-6	S7-1-6	K4580
5	B0799	®1260	U4E71
		4-		$	$	
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix]
0 disordered, confused, chaotic, boister-
ous, abusive, reckless
0 excessive, indiscriminate, extravagant,
inordinate, haphazard, reckless
a SLSt ranzatsu disorder, confusion
SUB ranbd violence, roughness; rape
8LW ranto free-for-all [confused] fight, melee
SLM'/й rankiryu turbulent air, turbulence
SSL haran disturbance, troubles; fluctuation
®SL konran disorder, confusion, chaos
b SLBtE randoku indiscriminate reading
SLffl ran'yo abuse, misuse, misappropriation
SLiB ranzo excessive production, careless
manufacture
SLUfi^ rankaihatsu indiscriminate devel-
opment
00 social disorder, disturbance
0 rebellion, civil war, war, riot, revolt
a fRjSL doran upheaval, disturbance, agitation
WcSL senran disturbances of war
b У 8L hanran rebellion, revolt
[KUN]
[midareru ] be disordered, go out
of order, be confused; be disturbed, be cha-
otic
SLtl midare disorder, disturbance, unrest
kokoro ga midareru lose one’s
composure
[midaru 51-6] elegant become disordered;
put into disorder
[midasu SL't*] put into disorder, throw into
confusion, disturb; dishevel
ЙГ cF SL't" kakimidasu throw into disorder
?L
В1-6-1
incorrect stroke-count
=>see El 1-7-1: ? at 0964
► TAKE
SHU to(ru) to(ri) to(ri)- tori-
-do(ri)
0847	У	Jdyd-3	S8-2-6	K2872
E1-6-2	29	A0112	01262	U53D6
f r > r xjz®
12	3	4	5	6	7	8
[COMPOUNDS]
0 [original meaning] (grasp with the hands) take,
pick, gather
0 (bring into one’s possession) take, obtain,
acquire, get, gather
0 take away from, steal
а saishu picking, collecting, harvesting
6 tekishusuru pick, pluck up
b	shuzaisuru collect data [materials],
gather news
shutokusuru acquire, gain; pur-
chase
8®”^6 sesshu suru take (in), ingest, ab-
sorb
—niten senshu suru take
[score] the first two points ofthe game
W® 6 choshu suru listen to, give a hear-
ing to
c sashu fraud, swindle
Й® sakushu exploitation, sweating, squeez-
ing
[kun]
[toru ®16]
O0 take, take hold of, seize
0 take off, take away, remove, delete,
leave out
0846-0847
302
G (ingest food) take, have, eat
0 (take in crops) harvest, reap, gather
a IXtl<5 toreru can be held; come off, fall off;
be removed; be produced; be under-
stood; be interpreted
IX 0 ffi torie merit, worth, recommendable
feature
IXO-htf'b toriageru take [pick] up; take
away, confiscate; deliver a baby; accept,
listen to; adopt (a proposal)
|X О ЯЧ tori wake especially, above all
JSTIXO chiritori dustpan
Ж О IX 0 yaritori giving and taking, ex-
changes
b IX V torihazusu remove, dismantle
Й£х<А1Х<5 kumitoru draw [dip] up, drain;
take into consideration
WT^IX^) boshi о toru take off one's hat
c	chdshoku о toru take breakfast
d |X Ю toriireru take in; harvest; accept,
adopt, introduce
0 get or cause to come into one's possession:
0 take, receive, get, obtain, accept, acquire
© take possession of (a castle), seize, cap-
ture, conquer
a |X 0 torimodosu take back, regain,
restore
IX Ю torikomu take in, introduce, in-
corporate; be in confusion
MIX sekitori ranking sumo wrestler
§ (“tlX -b uketoru receive, accept; under-
stand
j^^S^IX^) renrakuotoru get in touch
with
b Ис IX Ъ shiro о toru take a castle
© cause an abstract thing or action to shift towards
oneself or elsewhere:
0 take down (notes), write, record
© take on (responsibility), assume
a Hr сГ IX <5 kakitoru write down, note down
7 — H £ |X noto о toru note down, take
notes
b MIX 6 kidoru make an affected pose, as-
sume airs
О take (time), take up (space), require
M IX Ъ tema о toru take time, be de-
tained
ШИ £IX Ъ basho о toru take up [occupy]
space
ап » НЙ
6-2 Д
[tori IX 0 ] star performer; active partner in
judo performances
5j|X tddori (bank) president; greenroom
manager
[tori- Ж0-, ©-]
О emphatic verbal prefix implying that the
action is performed with thoroughness and
care
IX 0	7 toriatsukau handle, deal with,
treat; deal in; handle, manipulate, oper-
ate; conduct; accept, take in
IXOft:#)^ torikimeru make arrangements,
agree upon
|X V torikumu grapple, tackle (a prob-
lem)	g
IX О Й L torikeshi cancellation, annulment
IX 0 torishirabe investigation, inquiry
|X О Й S 0 torishimari management, con-
trol, regulation; director, supervisor
IX 0 torimaku surround, encircle
0 transaction, dealings
|X 0 of torihiki transaction, dealings
£ЖЙ(=£йЕ1Х 3 I 81k) kdtorii (=kosei
torihiki iinkai) Fair Trade Commission
[-dori -Ж0]
О arrangement, placement
MIX 0 madori room arrangement
HIX hidori schedule
0 manner, style
£1X0 ashidori one's manner of walking;
trace (of a culprit's movement); (price)
movement
IHOMOPHONESI
toru
Йс PICK =>0367
Й EXECUTE =>1102
CATCH =>0315
PHOTOGRAPH =>0514
-dori it PHOTOGRAPH =>0514
В1-6-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-6-3: I at 0862
303
0847
И 6-2
► ARRIVE
ТО ita(ru)v
IJ	Joyo	S8-2-6	K3794
18	C1155	®1264	U5230
—	Г	&	&			£	5N
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О arrive (at), reach, come to
SlJ^t tochaku arrival
p	totatsu arrival; attainment
w	ill Ж torai arrival, advent
g	Ъ satto suru rush in, pour in; de-
scend on
W © reach [go to] the limit of
ЙЙ totei after all, in the long run
i1]IM totd at last, after all
IHOMOPHONESI
itaru S COME TO =>1382
|KUN|
[kiku JJj < ] be EFFECTive, have an effect,
produce a desired effect
kiki effectiveness (esp. of drugs)
ЗЙ gS И kikime effect, efficacy
M	yoku kiku kusuri very effica-
cious medicine
IHOMOPHONES]
kiku ?lj ADVANTAGE =>0757
kiki ?ll ADVANTAGE =>0757
В1-6-2
0850
£ 1-6-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-6-3: S at0864
► EXPOSE CRIMES
GAI
	Joyo	S8-2-6	K1915
19	D2586	®1266	U52BE
0849
E1-6-2
► EFFECT
KO ki(ku)
	Joyo-5	S8-2-6	K2490
19	B0546	®1265	U52B9
1	-1-	-X- 7				-J- X7	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
© effect, efficacy (esp. of drugs), virtue
© (state of being operative or in force) effect,
effectiveness, validity
а кока effect, efficacy; result
koritsu efficiency
ЗЙ йь kdno effect, efficacy
ЙРЗЙ sokkd immediate effect
yakko effect of a medicine
tokkoyaku specific medicine
аьЗЙЙ koryoku effect, efficacy; effect (as of a
law), validity
уйкдпа effective, valid
muko invalidity, ineffectiveness
b Ъ hakkosuru become effective, take
effect, come into force
1							10]
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
© expose (a person's) crimes or misdeeds,
impeach, accuse; investigate crime
dangaisuru impeach, denounce,
accuse
► ENGRAVE
► POINT OF TIME
KOKU kiza(mu) kiza(mi)
0851	IJ	Joyo-6	S8-2-6	K2579
E1-6-2	18	B0898	®1267	U523B
		I;	К	
1	2	3	I	4	5	6	7	8
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (cut letters or designs on a
surface) engrave, carve, chisel
ЯИ kokuin carved seal, stamp
kokuji carving characters; carved char-
acters
chokokusuru sculpt, carve, en-
grave
IS^J inkoku white line
© point OF time, time, moment, hour
0848-0851
304
ЙЖ кокидеп time, appointed time
kokuikkoku moment by moment,
hour by hour
iHf Й jikoku time; hour
jS%! chikoku tardiness, lateness
teikoku regular [appointed] time
ВРЙ] sokkoku immediately, instantly
О cruel, severe
shinkokuna serious, grave, keen,
poignant
[KUN]
[kizamu cut fine, chop up; engrave,
carve; notch; (of a clock) tick (away)
^lj<^ kizami notch, nick; shredded tobacco
kizamitsukeru engrave,inscribe
£0 Ъ' Ж T kizamidasu ca rve out
kokizamini little by little, piece-
meal
W О kirikizamu cut, chop, mince
[kizami £0<&] [in compounds]
0 minced, shredded
0 at equal intervals
а	kizamitabako pipe tobacco;
shredded tobacco
b	gofunkizami de every five
minutes
0852
El-6-2
► YOUNGER SIBLING OF
PARENT
SHUKU Щ yoshi toshi
	Joyo	S8-2-6	K2939
29	D2140	01272	U53D4
1 F
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 YOUNGER SIBLING OF one's PARENT, unde,
aunt
shukufu (=oji) uncle (younger than
one's parent)
shukubo (=oba) aunt (younger than
one's parent)
[SPECIAL READINGS]
oji uncle (younger than one's parent)
oba aunt (younger than one's parent)
E1-6-2
incorrect stroke-count
=^see El-6-3: Wat 0866
6-2 Д
— 1
0853
E1-6-2
► PRINT
SATSU su(ru) -zu(ri) -zuri
IJ	Jdyd-4	S8-2-6	K2694
18	C1303	@1273	U5237
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 PRINT, put in print
0 counter for PRiNTings
а ₽PBO insatsu printing
ftSBO'T^) shukusatsusuru print in reduced
size
iff fill! zosatsu additional printing, reprinting
b ЖШJSHBO daiyonhan sansatsu fourth
edition, third printing
[KUN]
[suru BO <6 ] PRINT, put in print
BO suri printing
BO 0 suriageru finish printing, print
off
[^•вй‘ип-зпй|'$[т!^Х;[-НМ
[-zuri -BOO, -BO][suffix]PRiNTing
lEBO 0 koseizuri galley proofs
^fiBO 0 tashokuzuri polychrome printing
IHOMQPHONESI
suru
ST =>®693
Ш RUB =>0541
Ж POLISH =>®3181
ед
El-6-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>see El-6-3: Й at 0867
► SYSTEM
► CONTROL
SEI Ц] nori osamu
0854 E1-6-2	IJ 18	Jdyd-5	S8-2-6	K3209
		A0095	@1274	U5236
и 1	2	3	!C I 4	inI' 5	S S' frj 6	7	8	
305
0852-0854
[ M sfp аа й > М НМ
И 6-2
1 ,	-------------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSI
О0 (organizational form) system, organization,
institution
J © [suffix] SYSTEM
a fil ft seido system, organization, institution
{$©1 taisei system, structure, organization
Tfjfil shisei city organization
Si fil zeisei tax system
b AJ&fil tenndsei emperor system of Japan
A • Hfil rokusansei the 6-3 school year
system
0 establish rules, enact, institute
©lzii'3~<5 seiteisuru establish, enact
ИЖ'?"-6 seiken suru establish a constitu-
tion
©Jffl? seifuku uniform, regulation uniform
© (hold in restraint) control, restrain, restrict,
suppress, inhibit
fillh'^’-b seishisuru control, check, stop (a
person) from (doing)
fill® seigen restriction, limit
fiJW'3"<b seigyosuru control, govern, sup-
press
iPlfiJ'T'S yokuseisuru control, suppress,
inhibit
?Sfir3“<5 kyoseisuru compel, force
0 (exercise authority) control, regulate, domi-
nate, command
fil 'Ж Ж seikaiken command of the sea, naval
supremacy
WfiJira kanseito control tower
/%®1'3"<5 toseisuru control, regulate
^fil'T'S kiseisuru regulate, control
► STAB
SHI sa(su) sa(saru) sa(shi) sashi
a fil(M shisho stab, pierced wound
fil$J|x shishu embroidery
fiJS^Ъ shisatsu suru stab to death
b fil^ shikaku assassin
c filЖ shigeki stimulus; stimulation, excitation
0 satirize, criticize
MfiJ fushi satire, sarcasm
0 calling card
^fil meishi calling [business] card
[kun]
[sasu filTJ
0 stab, pierce, prick, thrust
0 sting, bite
a^cffil'T tsukisasu stab, pierce, thrust
b Йх fil $	hachi nisasareru be stung
by a bee
[sasaru fil cS <5] stick, be stuck
P(^x (Cl fil $ о Zt # nodo ni sasatta hone
bone stuck in one's throat
[sashi filL, fil]
О STABbing, piercing, pricking
0 sashimi, sliced raw flesh (esp. offish)
filJl' sashimi sashimi, sliced raw flesh (esp. of
fish)
IHOMOPHONESI
sasu
Hl DIFFERENCE =^2082
ts FINGER =>0278
W INSERT =>0317
ЙЁ POUR =>0325
IM* SHOOT =>0979
lh STOP =>02941
sashi
H DIFFERENCE =^2082
Jh FINGER =>0278
it STOP =>02941
0855	'J	Joyo	S8-2-6	K2741
E1-6-2	18	C1040	@1275	U523A
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
—		Г7 |			$		
O0 [original meaning] stab, pierce, prick,
thrust
© stab to death, assassinate
0 irritate
► ERA
KI [Ц nori kino aki osamu toshi
moto yoshi sumi tada
0856
И1-6-3
&	Jdyo-4	S9-6-3	K2110
120	B0674	@1276	U7D00
0855-0856
306
б-з П
[COMPOUNDS!
О era, epoch, period of years, age
jSStE kigen era
j£$E seiki century
ЕЙЕ seiki Christian era
Ж^Е koki Imperial era
О discipline, morals, order, code of behavior
Si^E koki school discipline
ЖЙЕ fuki public morals
ЯОЕ koki law and order, official discipline
ЖЙЕ gunki military discipline, troop morals
j£$E toki party discipline
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with BE write down =>0974
0857
El-6-3
► CRIMSON
KO KU beni kurenai ® kure aka
momi
ж 120	Jbyo-6	S9-6-3	K2540
	C1405	®1277	U7D05
1
1	2
(COMPOUNDS!
• crimson, deep red, red
Й1Й kohaku red and white
kokai Red Sea
koyd (=momiji) red leaves, crimson foli-
age, autumn tints
0ЕЖ koki Red Flag
kocha black tea
ttftf Д kdeihei Red Guards
Scfffe shinkoshoku deep crimson, scarlet
Scff shinku crimson
[KUN]
[beni Й1] rouge, lipstick; crimson, red
benibana safflower
□ kuchibeni lipstick, rouge
hobeni blusher
SLfe beniiro red, crimson
[kurenai Ю crimson, deep red, scarlet
usukurenai light crimson, pink
[SPECIAL READINGS!
ff Ж momiji red leaves, crimson foliage,
autumn tints; Japanese maple
^4 0858	► INQUIRE INTO KYO И tadashi			
	&	Joyo	S9-6-3	K2174
D1-6-3	120	D2004	®1278	U7CFE
H i* I*		|£	£ I	t » wa-	
1	2	3 [COMPOUNDS!		5	6	7	8	9
1
£
J
*
№ &
Ф inquire into (esp. a crime), investigate into,
examine
&4ВД kyUmei searching examination
kyudan impeachment, censure
куйтоп cross-examination, arraign- g
ment
_____________________________________________ Й
0859
В1-6-3
► GRADE
KYO
Ж	Jbyo-3	S9-6-3	K2173
120	B0688	®1279	U7D1A
' ‘ t i H № №.
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 [also suffix] [original meaning] grade, class,
rank, degree, rating, level
0 grade or rank in go, judo or various
martial arts (lower than lx dan)
a tokyu class, grade, rank, magnitude
W&Snn tokkyuhin special grade article
kaikyu class, estate; rank, grade
Ь ЙЖ shokyu beginner's class, junior course
-bJS jokyO higher grade, advanced class,
high class
ЙЖ кдкуй high rank, high class [grade]
0 (school) grade, class, school year
куйуй classmate
fSfi kyucho class president
gakkyu class, grade
Ъ shinkyu suru be promoted (to a
higher grade)
|r® dokyu same class [grade]
sannenkyu third year class
[INDEPENDENT!
[куй iSJ GRADE, class
307
0857-0859
Е б-з
1 -------------:---------------------------
1	ие по куй ni susumu move
up to a higher grade
j 0860
4 E1-6-3
► PROMISE
► CONTRACT
► APPROXIMATELY
YAKU
Ж	Jdyo-4	S9-6-3	K4483
120	A0100	@1280	U7D04


IH li w \ш
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 promise, make an agreement, conclude a
treaty
0 promise, agreement, contract, treaty
yakusoku promise, vow, pledge
Вс Й keiyaku contract, agreement
‘Т’Й yoyaku reservation, preengagement;
subscription
koyaku public pledge [promise]
seiyaku vow, pledge, oath, swearing
b ЙЬтЛ yakkan article, stipulation, provision,
clause
jdyaku treaty
kon'yaku engagement, betrothal
kaiyaku dissolution [cancellation] of a
contract
a
0 [original meaning] contract, abridge, sum-
marize, shorten
ЙЙЙЙ katsuyakukin sphincter
seiyaku restriction, limitation; condition
shuyakuteki na intensive
1стЙ yoyaku summary, abridged statement
О economical, frugal
setsuyakusuru economize, save
ken'yakusuru economize, be fru-
gal [thrifty]
[INDEPENDENT!
[yaku approximately, about
ЙчЛзТз H yaku hyakuman'en approxi-
mately one million yen
yakusannen about three years
0861
В1-6-3
► WITHSTAND
TAI ta(eru) Ц] tae
ж	Joyo	S9-6-3	K3449
126	C1335	@1282	U8010
—	T	Г		ffi			ж	ж
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (resist physical forces) withstand, resist
0 [also prefix] -proof, -resistant, -resisting
аЬЙРс taika fireproof
ЙЖ taishin earthquake-proof
tainetsu heat-resisting
ЙЖ taisui waterproof
U tt taiarukarisei alkali resistance
0 endure, bear, last
taikyu endurance, persistence; durabil-
ity, life
taibd austerity, voluntary privation
Sffif nintai perseverance, patience, endur-
ance
[KUN]
[taeru ВЛ&]
0 (resist physical forces) withstand, resist, be
proof against
0 endure, bear, tolerate
a tK (CЛ Ъ hi ni taeru be fireproof
b	juatsu ni taeru withstand
pressures
IHOMQPHONESI
taeru Ж ENDURE =>0409
0862
Б1-6-3
► INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE
YA ka
ж	Names	S9-6-3	K4477
128	D2751	@1283	U8036
[KUN]
[ka ЧР] INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE
Й W V	ОTHX < ГФ £ Joshiari
tote iwaku tare ka to A woman asked,
"Who art thou?"
IHOMQPHONESI
ka =>®3504
0860-0862
308
6-3 U
► RAINBOW
КО niji
0863
В1-6-3
	Names	S9-6-3	K3890
142	D2205	®1285	U8679
ICOMPOUNDSI
• RAINBOW
ИЙчГ kogei literary rainbow
kosai iris
[KUN]
[niji Й] RAINBOW
fULfe nijiiro rainbow colors
0864 E1-6-3	► SUBURB KO			
	|3 163	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2557
		C1335	<8)1286	U90CA
: ’	-i-		iA		
ICOMPOUNDSI	4	5	6	7	8	9
0 [original meaning] suburb, outskirts, country
3$^ kogai suburbs, outskirts
kinko suburbs, outskirts
[^ГЙ^Ф dankd-kydso cross-country race
0865
В1-6-3
► SEAL
FU HO
Joyo	S9-3-6	K4185
Cl 185	®1287	U5C01
[COMPOUNDS!
О seal, seal off, block, enclose
ЙЕР fuin (stamped) seal
ЙЖ fusa blockade
Й U fusho sealed letter
fusatsu baseball force-out
mippusuru seal hermetically, seal
up
RlSt’t"Ъ dofusuru enclose (in a letter)
0 (invest with a fief or feudal estate) enfeoff
ЙШИХ£ hokentekina feudal, feudalistic;
old-fashioned
ЙЙ2НЁЙ hokenshugi feudalism	.
ЙЙ1®1Й£ hoken seido feudalism
[INDEPENDENT!	ffff
[fu Й] seal, sealing, closing	J
fd о kiru break the seal	.
► AROMATIC
IKU Ц] kaoru aya fumi yu kuni
0866
E1-6-3
I?	Names	S9-3-6	K1674
163	D1830	®1288	U90C1
4 Ж
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 aromatic, rich in aroma, fragrant,
sweet-smelling
fukuikutaru sweet-smelling, fra-
grant
► YOUNG MAN
► MALE NAME SUFFIX
RO Ц о
0867	|5	Joyo	S9-3-6	K4726
E1-6-3	163	A0398	®1289	U90CE
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSI
О elegant young man, man; husband
Bf yard guy, fellow, man, rascal
ЙТЙРЙтШ shinroshinpu bride and bride-
groom
0 suffix for forming male names, usu. indi-
cating order of birth
—ichird Ichiro (name of eldest son)
jird Jiro (name of second son)
^Й[5 taro Taro
0868
E1-6-3
► COMMANDER IN CHIEF
SUI
	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3167
50	D2317	®1290	U5E25
309
0863-0868
Е 6-4
1 L...i...If..If..II..1..1.i.IfetJl
1234	5	6789
—। ICOMPOUNDSl
0 commander in chief, leader, general
& TC&fJ gensui marshal, general
ф	sosui commander in chief
I [NOTE]
J ★do not confuse with ВФ MASTER =>0892
0869
В1-6-4
► POWDER
FUN ko kona
Ж	Jdyd-4	S10-6-4	K4220
119	C1358	©1291	U7C89
ICOMPOUNDSl
Я
i
н
$
g
a
О [original meaning] powder, dust
ft A funmatsu powder
ft?L funnyu powdered milk
i^ft teppun iron powder
JWft sei fun fine powder
0 (powdered meal) flour, meal
i§ft kokufun grain [rice] flour
jRTft denpun starch
?Kft beifun rice flour
SSft seifun flour milling
[kun]
[ko ft] [also suffix] powder, dust; flour, meal
Й'/ltft sentakuko detergent
zJ4Slft komugiko (wheat) flour
[kona ft] powder, dust; flour, meal
ft Ж konagusuri powdered medicine
ft ft (^/£<5 konagona ni naru go to pieces,
break into fragments
0870
В1-6-4
► FEE
► MATERIALS
RYO
	Jdyd-4	S10-4-6	K4633
68	A0288	01292	U6599
123456789
ft
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 (charge for services) fee, charge, rate, al-
lowance
0 (payment received for services) fee, remu-
neration
a fill ryokin charge, rate, fee, fare
Mft muryo no charge, free
ill ft soryo postage, carriage
^^ft tesuryo commission, (handling) fee,
charge
l^fflft shiyoryd rental fee
A^lft nyujoryo admission fee
b S^Sft shinsatsuryd consultation fee
ftqft куйгуд salary, pay, wages
00 materials, material, stuff, matter
0 [also suffix] materials for cooking: ingredi-
ents, foodstuff, cuisine
0 (written) MATERIALS, data
a ft ft zairyo material, matter, stuff; factor,
element
Ж ft genryo raw material
I^ft nenryd fuel
Jtft shokuryd food, foodstuffs
iWZ^tftftxK seiryo inrydsui cooling drink
b ft Л ryori cooking, cuisine; handling
ft^ rydtei high-class restaurant, Japanese
restaurant
R^ftft chomiryo seasoning, flavoring
c Sft shiryo materials, data
Aft shiryo historical materials [records]
0871
В1-6-4
► REFINED
SUI iki*
ж	Joyo	S10-6-4	K3172
119	D1793	01293	U7C8B
:.“ я я я я' ,?*
2
0869-0871
310
6-4 П
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 (free from impurities) refined, pure, un-
mixed
0 (best part) essence, quintessence
a junsuina pure, genuine; unalloyed,
unmixed
kissuino trueborn, pure, genuine
b seisui essence, purity
1Ж kokusui national characteristics
0 (free from coarseness) refined, sophisticated,
polished, elegant, cultivated, tasteful
suijin refined [romantic] man
suikyo vagary, whim
busuina lacking in polish, inelegant;
unromantic
© gather, assemble
bassui extract, excerpt, selection
[KUN]
[iki smartness, stylishness, chic
ikina stylish, smart, chic
ikigaru try to appear smart
0872
В1-6-4
► SPIN
BO tsumu(gu)
Ж	Joyo	S10-6-4	K4334
120	D1633	®1295	U7D21
1	2
$7
[compounds!
0 [original meaning] spin, make yarn
boshi spinning; spun cotton [wool]
$7 Ж boseki spinning
boshoku spinning and weaving
bbsui spindle
bomb carded wool
konbo mixed spinning
menbo cotton spinning
[KUN]
[tsumugu № <"] spin, make yarn
Ш Ж $7 C men о ito ni tsumugu spin
cotton into yarn
1
0873
E1-6-4
► CONFUSED
FUN magi(reru) -magi(re)
magi(rasu) magi(rawasu)
magi(rawashii)
Ж	Joyo	S10-6-4	K4222
120	C1071	<8>1296	U7D1B
Z	|£ Ц	%	It'	r	
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (in a jumbled state) con-
fused, tangled, disorderly
funso conflict, strife
funshitsu loss
Й&Й1 funran confusion, disorder
©iW funkyu complication, disorder, entan-
glement
[kun]
[magireru be confused with, get
mixed with, be mistaken for; be diverted from
magire confusion
magirekomu get lost among, dis-
appear in (the crowd)
kiда magireru be diverted
[distracted] from
[-magire [suffix] in a fit of, out of,
taking advantage of
haradachimagire ni in a fit
of anger
<E'c£ <	dosakusamagire ni taking
advantage ofthe confusion
[magirasu ЙЙ b'T] divert, distract; beguile,
evade, conceal
8	Ш bT kanashimi о magirasu
divert one’s mind from sorrow
7Lr£	6T jodan nimagirasu turn it off
as a joke
[magirawasu Ш ЬЪТ J same as magirasu
[magirawashii ьЪЬИ]confusing,
misleading, ambiguous
&Й6Ъ1/И£|ЙЦ magirawashiinamae
confusing [misleading] name
*
%
£
I
я
4
н
%
У
4
й
311
0872-0873
Е 6-4
► PURE
JUN Ц] sumi yoshi masumi
% 0874
| Е1-6-4
& 120	Jdyd-6	S10-6-4	K2967
	B0994	®1297	U7D14
10
I ICOMPOUNDSI
► CREST
MON m aya
0876
E1-6-4
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
120
Joyo	S10-6-4	K4470
D1621	®1299	U7D0B
2	3
J О [also prefix] pure, genuine, unalloyed
^E^Zi junsuina pure, genuine; unalloyed,
unmixed
Й ZX junryd na pure (and good), genuine
junkin pure gold, solid gold
T	junmo pure wool, all wool
ijj SEIEZ^ junseina pure, genuine
S*E5C^ junbungaku pure literature
“ M^EZ^ tanjunna simple, uncomplicated,
g	plain
0 PUREhearted, innocent, chaste
$E^Z£ junketsuna purehearted, immacu-
late, innocent
$EMZ£ junshinna naive, pure, genuine, sin-
cere
junjo pure heart; self-sacrificing devo-
tion
junboku simplicity and honesty
'flIMiZi seijunna pure (and innocent)
► WIDE-RANGING
KO HJ hiro hiroshi hiromu
О [also suffix] crest, family crest, coat of arms
monsho crest, family insignia, coat of
arms
cf montsuki crested kimono
mon'yd crest pattern
kamon family crest [badge]
00 [original meaning] figure (on a surface),
design, pattern, lines on a surface
0 print
аШМ mon'ori figured textiles
hamon ripple; stir, sensation
fiimon wind-wrought pattern on the
sands
b shimon fingerprint
seimon voiceprint
shomon palm print
0877
В1-6-4
► PAY
► ACCEPT
► PUT AWAY
NO NAT- NA NAN TO osa(meru)
-osa(meru) osa(maru) Щ osame
osamu iri nori
0875
E1-6-4
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ж	Names	SI 0-6-4	K2541
120	D1815	®1298	U7D18
0 wide-ranging, throughout the breadth
and length of the land, vast, spacious
Afflk hakko eight directions; the whole world
hakko-ichiu the whole world un-
der one roof
& 120	Joyo-6	S10-6-4	K3928
	B0925	®1300	U7D0D
' * M r.		$ й rrtrt	
123456789 ICOMPOUNDSI			
О hand over payment or goods:
0 pay to the authorities, make payment
0 deliver goods to a customer, supply
goods
0874-0877
312
а #Ж ndzei tax payment
ЙЛ пдпуй payment; delivery
nofu payment; delivery
#|Ж noki payment date; delivery date
taino nonpayment, delinquency (in
payment)
mind no unpaid, in arrears
bunno payment in installments; install-
ment delivery
® Ъ henno suru return (to the authori-
ties), restore
b#3uo nohin delivery of goods; delivered
goods
00 accept, receive, enjoy
© accept what a person says, agree with
a W# noryo enjoying the evening cool
ndjusuru accept, receive
jund acceptance, receipt
Нд#] suito receipts and expenses, incomings
and outgoings
$ О Goshono kudasai Please ac-
cept this small present
ь W# nattoku assent, consent, understanding
© [original meaning] put away, put in, store,
put in place, consign
nokan placing in the coffin
naya outhouse, shed, barn
nando back room, closet
natto fermented soybeans
ЧХЙ shuno storing; harvesting; receipt
1§#lT6 kakunosuru house
[KUN]
[osameru #1266]
О hand over payment or goods;
0 pay to the authorities, make payment
© deliver to a customer, supply goods
а Л Mt #) 26 Ъ gessha о osameru pay a
school fee
ь	#1 26 Ъ shinamono о osameru
deliver goods
00 put away, store, consign
© put (back) in place, replace
а#ДП^#|2б6 soko ni osameru store in a
warehouse
bJC03rfCl#|266 moto no tokoro ni
osameru put (a thing) back in its place
[-osameru -#]266] [verbal suffix] finish,
conclude
6-4 Д
--------7----------------------------------- 1
|?И#|266 maiosameru conclude a dance 1
й#32б miosame last [farewell] look
[osamaru #^6]	_
0 be paid
© be delivered
kokkoniosamatta
капе money paid to the (National)	±
Treasury	*
b ® ^Й ЙЭД Z) "k. Shinamono ga osamatta J
Commodities have been delivered
IHOMOPHONESI
osameru	Й
JR TAKE IN =>0017	g
GOVERN =>0250
CULTIVATE =Ф0092	№
osamaru
1R TAKE IN =>0017	H
Й GOVERN =>0250	%
CULTIVATE =^0092
0878
В1-6-4
► GAUZE	g
SA SHA
* 120	Names	S10-6-4	K2851
	D2359	01301	U7D17
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] gauze, silk gauze, gossa-
mer, thin silk [cloth]
hakusa gossamer, delicate gauze
Ж# rasha woolen cloth
fukusa (small) crepe wrapper
► PAPER
SHI kami
0879 C1-6-4	& 120	Jdyd-2	SI 0-6-4	K2770
		A0476	01302	U7D19
' I Lt J J O3E
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] [original meaning] paper
© PAPER bearing writing
a shihei paper currency, bank note, bill
313
0878-0879
Е 6-4
1 --------------------------------------------
1 В Ж hakushi blank sheet, flyleaf; clean slate
ydshi blank form, stationery
r ЗЙЙЕ seishi paper manufacture
ф	hydshi cover, binding
*	hdsdshi wrapping paper
b shimen space (on a printed page)
± © [also suffix] newspaper, periodical, publica-
*	tion
I ФЯ5 honshi this newspaper
H fflziffi nikkanshi daily newspaper
chihoshi local newspaper
A © stamp
J	inshi (revenue) stamp
[ffl
37 [kami ffi] paper
В	kamibukuro paper bag
%	kamikire scrap [piece] of paper
kamikuzu waste paper
55 0 harigami patch of paper; sticker
Й ЙЕ tegami letter
ЙГЖ chirigami tissue paper, toilet paper
rainy weather
[KUN]
[tagayasu I#T] till, plow, cultivate
tagayashiuru tochi arable
land
► WEAR AWAY
MO KO
0881		Joyo	510-6-4	K4455
E1-6-4	127	D2180	01309	U8017
				
A A		I		
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
© wearwear out, use up, consume
ЖЙ Д %) mamd suru wear away, wear out
ЙЙЕ'А'Ь shdmosuru consume, exhaust, use
up
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-6-3: % at 0859
E1-6-4
-PJ_L ►TILL
Jpl L	KO tagaya(su) Ц] osamu yasu
/Р/ I	tsutomu
0880 I Joyd-5 I S10-6-4 K2544
В1-6-4	127 C11446 01308 U801?
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] till, plow
kosakusuru cultivate, plow, till
kochi arable land, farm land
W-Д kogu farm implements
kdunki cultivator, tiller
ndko farming
IS# shinko deep plowing
seikdudoku working in the field in
fine weather and reading at home in
№
0882
E1-6-4
► SHAME
CHI ha(jiru) haji haQirau)
ha(zukashii)
	Joyo	510-4-6	K3549
61	D1608	@1313	U6065
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
© shame, disgrace, dishonor, humiliation
© feel [be] ashamed
a 56® chijoku disgrace, dishonor, shame
Hx56 shuchi shyness; sense of shame
ь	koganmuchina shameless,
unscrupulous
ЖЖ56 harenchi shamelessness, infamy, im-
pudence
[kun]
[hajiru 56 U<5] feel ashamed
56 CA^ hajiiru feel quite ashamed
[haji 56] shame, disgrace, humiliation
0880-0882
314
6-4 К
Й'Й bT hajishirazu shameless person
?L'SBX Ъ hajisarashi disgrace, shame
[hajirau Щ? С Ь 5 ] be shy [coy], look
abashed
CbH hajirai shyness
[hazukashii	И] shy; ashamed;
SHAMEful, disgraceful
hazukashigaru be shy [coy],
be abashed
kihazukashii feel ashamed,
feel awkward
a
0883
В1-6-4
► BRING ABOUT
► DO HUMBLY
CHI ita(su) [D mune nori
	Joyo	S10-6-4	K3555
133	B0903	01316	U81F4
—			5		If	¥		
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
О bring about, cause to, lead to, incur
chishino lethal, fatal
chimeiteki fatal
itchi accord, agreement
a*gatchi agreement, concurrence
О [original meaning] cause to come, invite, lure
yuchi lure, enticement, attraction; bring-
ing about
tSSfc shochi summons, invitation
&X^TЪ rachisuru take (a person) away,
kidnap
[KUN]
[itasu ST] do humbly, perform an action
(with humility)
SLJ itashikata way, method
C^i&l{nJS Cj; О fa Korewa
ikaga itashimashd ka What shall I do
with this?
£ Z) S Ь	Do itashimashite You are
welcome
0884		Joyo	S10-6-4	K4044
E1-6-4	137	B0708	01317	U822C
’ J. J.Оi# 123456789				
В
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (things of the same category) sort, kind, way
ippanno general, universal, wide-
spread
zenpanno whole, general, overall
ТУ Йх banpan all things, all affairs, all sorts of
matters
ЙЖ© shohan no various, several, all, every
0 period of time
т*ЕЙх senpan the other day, some time ago
ТЙх konpan now, recently
*
I
I
35
Я
t
$
g
► NAVIGATE
KO [3 wataru
[ # DU
0885
E1-6-4
	Jdyd-4	S10-6-4	K2550
137	B0663	01318	U822A
' 7 rt Ji й й Й'Г'ЙГ
123456789
м.
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (travel over water) navigate, sail, cruise
ftW“T kbkb navigation, cruise
ЙЯЙ kobo navigation
SjlW kbkai voyage, ocean navigation
кого sea route, course
ftH/L senko submarine voyage, underwater
navigation
дЖЙД unko navigation; (airline or shipping)
service
ЖЙЙ nanko hard passage, rough going
© (travel through the air) navigate, fly
кдкй aviation, aerial navigation
Ш kokuki aircraft, airplane
315
0883-0885
Е 6-4
"I	кдкйкеп plane ticket
ЙЯ Е& kochu space flight
I
%
i
j
я
ft
t
%
у
ft
R	► MOSQUITO ka			
0886		Joyo	S10-6-4	K1867
E1-6-4	142	D2152	®1319	U868A
				
i in io	|ф	£ I.		
1	2	3 10 [kun]	I	4	5	6	7	8	9
[ka K] [also suffix] mosquito
Й О Ч| <[ Ш Z£	ka no naku yd na koe
very thin [faint] voice
4ИХ 0 katorisenko mosquito-
repellent incense
4ИЙ kaya mosquito net
fBTtt yabuka striped mosquito

► NIMBLE
BIN Ц] toshi satoshi satoru sato
0887
E1-6-4
in	Joyo	S10-4-6	K4150
66	Cl 106	®1322	U654F
23456789

10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (physically agile) nimble, agile, quick, alert
binsoku quickness, agility, activity
binshona agile, nimble, quick;
shrewd, smart
kibin smartness, shrewdness, sharpness;
quickness, promptness
0 (mentally agile) nimble, clever, shrewd; keen,
sharp
binkanna sensitive
Й1Й binwan ability, capability
eibinna sharp, keen, sensitive
► ABILITY
NO Ц] yoshi nori taka
0888
В1-6-4
я 130	Joyo-5	S10-4-6	K3929
	A0307	®1323	U80FD
П I fl I fl...fl Ifl Ifl
IHti
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO ability, capability
0 able, skilled, skillful
а ЙьЛ noryoku ability, capacity,faculty
ЙЙь gino skill, ability, capacity
^ЙЁ geino public entertainment
saind talent, ability
ТзЙь bannd omnipotence
WtbZi уйпбпа able, competent
Й1ЙЁ chino intelligence, mental capacity
ФЙь honno instinct
b йь® nohitsu skillful penmanship
fb^F noben eloquence, oratory
Йь2Ё nori able official
0 possible, can
pJtbtt kandsei possibility
^РЙь^ fundna impossible; impotent
©0 action, function, effect, efficiency
0 act upon, affect
а Йь^ noritsu efficiency
Ш Вь kind function, faculty
14ЙЁ sei nd performance, capacity, efficiency
ЗЙЙь кдпд effect, efficacy
b Вь®]&9 nodoteki active
0 phys energy, power
ifcSttb hoshano radioactivity
[INDEPENDENT!
[nd Йь] ability, capability; noh play
Й&Ж* nd ga nai have no merit
Йь <5 no о enzuru play a noh drama
0886-0888
316
6-4 E
► KILL
SATSU SAI SETSU koro(su)
-goro(shi)
0889
И1-6-4
§	Jdyd-4	S10-4-6	K2706
79	B0626	01324	U6BBA
				5	J'		
1	2	3
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О kill, murder
SA satsujin murder, homicide
S^'TЪ sesshosuru destroy life, kill ani-
mals
SW satsugai (=setsugai) murder, killing,
assassination
SIB sakkin sterilization, pasteurization
BlaS ansatsu assassination
US jisatsu suicide
ttS bosatsu premeditated murder
ttST'b shasatsusuru shoot to death
Ъ jusatsusuru shoot to death, exe-
cute by firing squad
0 dampen, reduce, cut down
'fflS'T'b sosaisuru offset, cancel each other
© [emphatic auxiliary] entirely, utterly, com-
pletely
SBO't"Ъ sattosuru rush in, pour in; de-
scend on
[kun]
[korosu ST] kill, murder; bump off; mas-
sacre; pawn, waste; hold back (tears); baseball
strike out
S L koroshi killing, murder
S LIU koroshiya hired killer
®^ST shimekorosu strangle to death
®£1W£:ST kanjo о korosu suppress one's
emotions
[-goroshi -S I/ ] [also suffix] KiLLing, murder,
-cide
AS L hitogoroshi murder; murderer
£tLSS L yojigoroshi infanticide
0890
E1-6-4
► FIRST DAY OF THE LUNAR
MONTH
SAKU tsuitachi Ц] hajime hajimu
moto
я	Names	S10-4-6	K2683
74	D2260	01324.5	U6714
1
ICOMPOUNDSl
О FIRST DAY OF THE LUNAR MONTH
В sakujitsu (=tsuitachi) first day ofthe
lunar month
0 north
saku fa north wind
*
*
I
I
я
4
[KUN]	££
[tsuitachi Ш first day of the (lunar)
month	0
IHOMQPHONESI
tsuitachi — 0 =>2105,1915
► CHEERFUL
► CLEAR
RO hoga(raka) Ц] aki akira
XKr Ш -HD ]
О (marked by or conductive to cheer) cheerful,
bright, cheery
ЙЙЙ1 rohd cheering [good] news
meirdna cheerful, bright; clean
(politics)
0 clear (voice), loud and clear, sonorous,
loud, resonant
ЙЙШК rdei reciting, chanting
Sjl^zT-?) roginsuru recite, sing
rddoku reading aloud
rorotaru clear (and ringing), sono-
rous, resonant; bright (moon)
[KUN]
[hogaraka
hogarakana	cheerful, bright
317
0889-0891
Е 6-4
И 6 Й*О hogaraka ni warau laugh
merrily, smile brightly
*
£
I
I
► MASTER
SHI Ц] того kazu nori
0892	Ф	Jdyo-5	S10-3-7	K2753
E1-6-4	50	B0567	<8)1326	U5E2B
.123456789
Й
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
A О master, teacher, instructor
I®!® shihan teacher, master, coach
% BSE shisho master, teacher
Ъ shijisuru study under, look up to
(a person) as one's teacher
g ВШтЁ shiwasu December
ЙВФ" kydshi teacher, instructor
ISBifi koshi speaker, lecturer
JBBifi onshi one's respected teacher, one's
u „	former teacher
0 [also suffix] member of a profession or per-
former of an action
EBifi ishi doctor, physician, surgeon
i£BS gishi engineer, technician
ftBffi bokushi pastor, minister, priest
^кВФ eshi painter, artist
Jj^B® biyoshi beauty artist
^T^Bifi petenshi swindler,finagler
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ВФ commander in chief
=>0868
E1-6-4
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-7-4: # at 1002
► STICKY
NEN neba(ru)
0893
В1-6-5
ж	Joyo	511-6-5	K3920
119	C1472	01327	U7C98
;	' J t fe ##
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] sticky, glutinous, viscous,
adhesive
nenchakusei stickiness, adhesion,
viscosity
fefizt nendo clay
Й1М nenmaku mucous membrane
nen'eki mucus
nensei stickiness, viscidity
[KUN]
[ nebaru feS 6 ] be sticky, be glutinous;
persevere
Й1И nebai sticky
feb 0 nebari stickiness; tenacity
ft 0 H nebarizuyoi tenacious, sticky; per-
sistent
ЙЭ nebatsuku be sticky, be glutinous
fez	► GRAIN RYU tsubu			
0894 E1-6-5	ж 119	Joyo	S11-6-5	K4619
		C1517	®1328	U7C92
1	2	3		ij11	1ОНЙ 14	5	6	7	8	9			
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 (small particulate mass) grain, granule
fez~F ryushi particle, grain
fez$t0 ryujono granular
^xfez кагуй granule
[kun]
[tsubu fez] grain, particle; drop; counter for
grains or drops
tsubutsubuno granulated, lumpy
3t<fez kometsubu grain of rice
Sfez amatsubu raindrop
—fez 0 Ж hitotsubu no namida one tear
0892-0894
318
6-5
► COARSE
SO ara(i) ara-
0895	ж	Joyo	S11-6-5	K3338
E1-6-5	119	D1651	®1329	U7C97
[ ч	i 4 >	\				
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (not fine) coarse, rough, rugged
somitsu roughness and fineness
sodaina coarse, rough, unpolished
ЙЖ sofu coarse doth
0 (of inferior quality) coarse, crude, inferior,
poor, humble, shabby—used esp. as a term of
humility before items presented as gifts
soakuna coarse, crude, bad, inferior
ffl.no soshina trifling gift, inferior goods
socha coarse tea
ffl^kfe somatsuna coarse, crude, inferior,
humble
4offl.T^IM osomatsusama [humble] It was
nothing at аПЯЬе pleasure was all mine
[KUN]
[arai fflV^J
OG (not fine) coarse, rough, gross
0 (not smooth) coarse, rough, rugged
G (not elaborate) coarse, rough, crude, gross
a ffl ara fault, defect; bony parts (of a fish)
ffl H $R] arai ami coarse net
b ffl ИДЯ araihada rough skin
c Й1ИЙЗХ araisaiku rough workmanship
G sparse, scattered
ffl ffl ST tane о araku maku sow
sparsely
[ara- ffl-]
О (not elaborate) coarse, rough, crude, gross
arasuji outline, summary
ffl до 0 arazukuri rough work
0 sparse, scattered
fflfflx €* aramaki sparse sowing [seeding]
[HOMOPHONES]
arai J? WILD =>1447
ara- Jtl WILD =>1447
0896
В1-6-5
► PONGEE
CHU tsumugi
Ж	Names	S11-6-5	K3661
120	D2810	01329.5	U7D2C
[KUN]
[tsumugi ffl] pongee, coarse silk [cotton]
cloth
ЙЖ tsumugiito silk thread spun from either
waste cocoons or cotton
► STRING
GEN m tsuru о
0897
E1-6-5
Ж	Names	S11-6-5	K2430
120	D2586	®1330	U7D43
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] string or chord of a musi-
cal instrument
gengakki stringed instruments
0 STRiNGed instrument, the strings
genka singing and (string) music
kangengaku orchestral music
0898
E1-6-5
► PASSTHROUGH
► MANAGE
KEI KYO he(ru) ta(tsu)A [§ tsune
nobu nori
Ж	Joyo-5	511-6-5	K2348
120	A0094	®1331	U7D4C
г * * J О F W
123456789
жж
ICOMPOUNDSl
OG (go through without stopping) pass
through, go through
0 pass through an experience, experi-
ence
G (of time) pass, elapse
a ЕЙ X <5 keiyu suru go via, pass through
319
0895-0898
Е 6-5
1 ---------?---------------------------------------
1	shinkei nerve; sensitivity; worry
b	keiken experience
r	keireki personal history
ф c	keikasuru pass, elapse
* 0 manage (the affairs of an organization or a
$ state), administer
й	keisei administration, government, con-
Я	duct of state affairs
J	keiri accounting
-j-f.	keizai economy, economics
7T iSiWM keizaiteki economical,economic
keiei management
О abbrev. of keizai: economics
Jt) keikicho (=keizai
kikaku-cho) Economic Planning Agency
keidanren
(=keizai dantai rengokai) Federation
of Economic Organizations
seikei politics and economics
0 religious classic, Buddhist scriptures, sutra
kydten sacred books, scripture, sutras;
Bible
kyomon sutras
amidakyo the Sukhavati sutra
{AH bukkyd sutras
0 periodic, regular, ordinary
keijohi ordinary expenditure
H Jt keihi expense(s), cost(s), expenditure,
upkeep
0 longitude
НЙС keido longitude
ЖH seikei west longitude
[KUN]
[heru ИХ ] pass, elapse, go by; pass [go]
THROUGH
0899 E1-6-5	& 120	Joyo	S11-6-5	K2616
		D1942	®1332	U7D3A
H |£	II	ll !'	ё rritt	
жй3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] dark blue, navy blue
Ж6 kon'iro dark blue, navy blue
ЖЙЁ konji dark blue ground; dark blue cloth
ЖЙ konjo Prussian blue, deep blue
ЖИ koya (=kon'ya) dyer; dyer's shop
^Ж shikon purplish blue
/ИЖ ndkon dark blue, navy blue
[INDEPENDENT!
[коп Ж] dark blue, navy blue
ЖО1=Г)Д kon nosebiro blue business suit
0900
E1-6-5
► SLENDER
► MINUTE
SAI hoso(i) hoso(ru) koma(ka)
koma(kai) ® hoso sasa
Ж	Jdyd-2	S11-6-5	K2657
120	A0456	®1333	U7D30
И I* !
junen о hete after ten years
[tatsu Их ] pass, elapse, go by
Гн]/ХИХ> Jikan ga tatsu Time goes by
IHOMQPHONESI
ICOMPOUNDSl
tatsu
XL STAND =>1257
Ж BUILD =>1965
jE RISE =><S>3307
START =>1634
О [also prefix] [original meaning] slender, fine,
thin, narrow
saiyo slender hips
ЙЗЯЙЖ saidomyaku arteriole
mdsai-kekkan capillary vessel
sensaina delicate, fine, subtle
00 (very small) minute, fine, small, micro-
scopic
0 (detailed) minute, detailed, close, elabo-
rate
а ЙОЙ saibo cell
0899-0900
320
6-5 E
ЙВЙ saikin bacteria, germ, microbe
/SURF'S saibun suru subdivide, fractionate
bisaina minute, fine; detailed, min-
ute; delicate, subtle
b Ш дК saibu details, particulars
SH'L? saishin carefulness, discretion
SB I saiku work, craftsmanship; artifice, tac-
tics
shosai details, particulars
ВДЯВ meisai particulars, details, specifics
seisaina detailed, minute, exact
[KUN]
[hosoi ffll H ] slender; fine, thin; narrow
И 7^ hosoi ito fine thread
hosonagai slender, linear, long and
narrow
jffl® hosoomote slender face
ГЙЮ kokorobosoi helpless, forlorn; lonely
[hosoru ЯН^)] get thin, taper off
mi да hosoru become thin, lose
weight
0 sakibosori tapering off [away]
[komaka
komaka na (very small) minute, fine,
small; (detailed) minute, elaborate, close
kotokomakani minutely, in detail
[komakai same as komaka na
&
komakaku finely, minutely
komakaiкапе small change
ЙЯЙН LZt komagoma shita sundry
komakaishiji detailed instruc-
tions
►GENTLEMAN -			
0901	% E1-6-5	120	Joyo	S11-6-5	K3134
	D1832	01334	U7D33
1 % $			
123456789 wt [compounds! G gentleman, gentry; men of rank			
shinshi gentleman
shinshd merchant prince, rich merchant
kishin men of rank, notables
0902
В1-6-5
► INTRODUCE
SHO [Ц tsugu aki
&	Joyo	S11-6-5	K3050
120	C1018	<8>1335	U7D39
*
*
fl
fl
ICOMPOUNDSI
G introduce, bring together
shokaisuru introduce, present
shokaijo letter of introduction
rK	► END SHO o(waru) -o(waru) o(eru)			
0903 E1-6-5	& 120	J6yo-3	511-6-5	K2910
		A0291	01336	U7D42
'	t \l [compounds!	1	1	ГУ	FIFi 4	5	6	7	8	9			
OO end, come to an end, finish, terminate
Ф bring to an END, finish, complete
G end one's life, die
а	shuryosuru end, conclude, com-
plete; expire
shuketsu end, conclusion, termination
shusen end of the war
shukyokuno ultimate, final
b	shugyojikan closing hour
с ЕййЕ rinjO hourof death, one's last moment
©0 end, ending, finish
0 [also prefix] last, final, terminal
а saishQ last, the end; final
b shushi from beginning to end, always
shQten last stop, terminus
shObansen end game
321
0901-0903
Е 6-5
1-------------------------------------------
^^УЖ shuressha last train
shQkangb final issue
MSfliR shuchakueki terminal station, rail-
ф	road terminal
* [KUN]
& [owaru тЙЬЗ] у/END, come to an end,
finish, terminate
owari end(ing), conclusion
МЪ D bj(x owarigoro toward the end
[-owaru	[verbal suffix] bring an
h—' action to an end, finish
yomiowaru read through, finish
reading
[oeru	X.<5] vt end, finish, complete
shioeru finish doing something
► ORGANIZE
► ASSEMBLE
SO ku(mu) kumi -gumi
0904	Ж	Jdyd-2	S11-6-5	K3340
Б1-6-5	120	A0161	01337	U7D44
i' ft ft ft ft ftl ftnftn
1	23456789
ftHte
[COMPOUNDS]
О organize, form, arrange, unite
Ъ soshikisuru organize, form, set up;
constitute, construct
sosei composition, formation, construc-
tion
sokakusuru form a cabinet, organ-
ize a ministry
0 abbrev. of Шп kumiai: union
nikkyoso Japan Teachers Union
Л Ж roso labor union
ЖЖ shokuso employees1 union
[KUN]
[kumu
O0 assemble, construct, put together, fit
together
© unite, associate oneself with, organize
а	kumitateru assemble, construct,
erect
kumikomu incorporate, integrate,
putin
kumiawaseru combine, as-
sort, join together, match
W kumiawase combination; as-
sortment
shikumi construction; arrangement-
plan, plot
Sffi bang и mi (TV) program
dantai о kumu form an organi-
zation
b	%> kundejigyoosuru join
forces [tie up] (with others) in business
0 cross (one's legs); fold (one's arms)
Soffit? ashi о kumu cross one's legs
teokumu join hands together
© grapple with
MX V ffiti torikumu grapple, tackle (a prob-
lem)
0 typeset, compose
katsuji о kumu set type
[kumi ffi]
О group (of people), team, company, party,
gang
Ж o' kumiai union, guild, association
Я^Ж akagumi red team
0 [also suffix] (school) class
ЙЙ0Ж kaiwanokumi conversation class
^ЖНЖ ichinen sankumi first-grade, class
three
[-gumi -Ж] [suffix]
О group, gang
НАЖОЗ^Й sanningumi no goto gang
of three robbers
Ш АЖ yoningumi the Gang of Four
0 company
А#Ж obayashigumi Obayashi & Company
Й0 0905	► OCEANGOING SHIP HAKU			
		Joyo	S11-6-5	K3985
El-6-5	137	D1819	®1340	U8236
' / Л	irt	11-	й r *	
10	11	4	5	6	7	8	9
0904-0905
322
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] oceangoing ship, ship,
vessel
ЙЙДШМ hakuydkikan marine engine
ЖЙЙ senpaku ship, vessel; craft
0 import, ship
ЙЙЖ hakurai imported goods, foreign-made
articles
0906
E1-6-5
► SHIP
SEN fune funa- -bune
Я-	Jbyd-2	S11-6-5	K3305
137	B0660	®1341	U8239
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] ship, boat,
vessel, seacraft
ЖЙЙ senpaku ship, vessel; craft
Жй sencho (ship) captain
?ЧЖ kisen steamship
®Ж fusen balloon
диЖ zosen shipbuilding
ЙЖ shosen merchant ship, trading vessel
Ж^ЙЖ kamotsusen freighter, cargo ship
[kun]
[fune ЙВ] ship, boat, vessel, seacraft
Ж [CL HI <5 fune ni noru board a ship
[funa- Ж-] [also prefix] ship
ЖЯ^ 0 funanori sailor, seaman
ЖЙс funatabi voyage
Ж(? funabin surface [sea] mail; shipping
service
Ж^<Ж funakaji fire on a ship
[-bune -Ж] [also suffix] ship, vessel
ЙкГЖ tasukebune lifeboat; help
Ж' 0 п“ИЖ noriaibune ferryboat
[HOMOPHONES]
fune
SMALL BOAT =>2203
TANK =>®1067
6-5 E
------------------------------------------ q
funa- Й* SMALL BOAT =>2203	1
-bune Ж SMALL BOAT =>2203
1Л.		► SNAKE						
		JA DA hebi						1 £
0907			Joyo	S11-6-5		K2856		Й
E1-6-5		142	D1832	®1343		U86C7		/J ih
								
h |n	[d	|ф	JIJ.		Ю’			
		3	4	5	6	i	7	8	9	
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] snake, serpent
JSfr'TЪ dako suru meander, zigzag
tS® dasoku superfluity, redundancy
ЙОЕ] janome umbrella with a snake's eye
pattern; double circle pattern
daija big snake, serpent
0 objects shaped like a snake, as tubes, pipes
or the like
□ jaguchi faucet
[kun]
[hebi Ks] [also suffix] snake, serpent
hebi no уд na snakelike, snaky,
serpentine
ЙЁЖ hebiza the Serpent (constellation)
Я1ЙЁ dokuhebi poisonous snake
garagarahebi rattlesnake
BIN
* [also suffix] bottle, flask, decanter, vase,jar
binzume bottling
)E □ ffi hirokuchibin widemouthed bottle,
323
0906-0908
E б-б 1	jar ТЁЖ kabin flower vase r ЖЙЖ mahdbin thermos bottle ф ® Ж tokuyobin economy bottle * [INDEPENDENT! [bin Ж] bottle, flask, decanter	
	 .	►APPLY MAKEUP iffi 	
0909 Ж Joyo	S12-6-6 K3049
E1-6-6	119 I C1556	®1345 U7CA7
I' Г If If I	f rrr
123456789 PIHH ICOMPOUNDSI	
0 [original meaning] apply makeup [cosmetics],
make up, adorn oneself
keshosuru makeup, put on
makeup
rfs	► PICTURE KAI E			
0910	&	Joyd-2	S12-6-6	K1908
E1-6-6	120	B0959	©1346	U7D75
Ч' L			* io	
йй4 10 11 12		5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSI				
Ф [also prefix and suffix] [original meaning] pic-
ture, painting, drawing, sketch, illustration
ёЙ kaiga pictures, paintings, drawings
ё$ ehon picture book
ekaki painter, artist
enogu coloring materials, colors, oils,
paint
йхЖШ ehagaki picture postcard
0 BB enikki diary with illustrations
Й1$к aburae oil painting
ukiyoe ukiyoe, color print of everyday
life in old Japan
[INDEPENDENT!
[e picture, painting, drawing, sketch,
illustration, cut, (woodcut) print
enotenrankai art exhibition
IHOMOPHONESI
e И PICTURE =>®3000
► GORGEOUS
KEN Ц] aya jun
0911
E1-6-6
Ж 120	Names	S12-6-6	K1628
	D2390	®1347	U7D62
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф gorgeous, resplendent, brilliant, florid
kenrantaru gorgeous, dazzling;
flowery (speech)
0912
D1-6-6
► TIE
► CONCLUDE
KETSU musu(bu) yu(u) yu(waeru)
HI yui
Jdyd-4	S12-6-6	K2375
A0196	®1348	U7D50
' i * О & W
123456789

10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] tie (up), bind, knot
0 (bring or come together closely) tie, unite,
join
a keppatsu hairdressing, hairdo
йзЖ kessoku unity, union
renketsusuru connect, couple, link
chokketsu suru connect directly
with
b IziTl) ketsugosuru unite, combine,join
together
kekkon marriage
teiketsusuru conclude, contract
daketsu compromise, agreement, un-
derstanding
00 form into a mass, congeal, coagulate
0 form (an organization), organize, set up
0909-0912
324
а Йине kessho crystallization,crystal;grain;
fruit(s)
£дШ kekkaku tuberculosis
ЙдЖ kesshu concentration, regimentation
?Ж^д toketsu freezing
^Од'Ж'Ь gydketsusuru congeal, coagulate,
solidify
b йдДЁ'Ж'Ь kesseisuru form, organize
&дШ kekkd structure, construction; quite,
well enough, fairly well; all right; no
thank you
Sftt kessha association, society, fraternity
ketsudan suru form into an or-
ganization
© (bring to an end) conclude, dose, finish,
settle
SjBrb ketsuron conclusion
#д JU kekkyoku after all, finally, in conclusion
Йд Ж ketsu matsu termination, end, close,
conclusion
^д Bp ketsugo conclusion, concluding remarks
^^д”ЖЪ shuketsusuru end, close, termi-
nate
:йЕ^дЖ<5 kanketsusuru complete, conclude,
finish; be complete, be concluded, be
finished
О bear fruit, result in
ketsujitsu suru bear fruit; be suc-
cessful, achieve success
ЙдЖ kekka result, outcome, consequence
[KUN]
[musubu $дЛ>]
O0 tie (up), bind, knot
© (connect as if by tying) tie, join, link
a ftx ^$д himo о musubu tie a string
b	musubitsukeru tie up, join
together, link together
Ж Ж <h $д tokyo to osaka о
musubu link Tokyo with Osaka
$д	te о musubu join hands
© (bring to an end) conclude, dose, finish
musubi end, close, conclusion; [also suf-
fix] knot, tie; uniting; Japanese grammar
relation, connection; riceball
<Мд komusubi third ranking sumo wres-
tler
[yuu &Д О ] dress (the hair), do up (one's hair)
Й1^дИ kamiyui hairdresser; hairdressing
6-е E
-----------------"-------------------------- 1
[yuwaeru ЙЪЛ& ] tie (up), bind, fasten 1
nawa о kui ni
yuwaeru tie [fasten] a rope to a post
0913
П1-6-6
► STRANGLE
► WRING
KO shibo(ru) shi(meru) shi(maru)
Ж	Joyo	812-6-6	K2542
120	C1339	®1349	U7D5E
ICOMPOUNDSl
I
£
Я
© strangle, strangulate, hang
kosatsusuru strangle, hang
fflj koshukei death [execution] by hang-
ing
[KUN]
[shiboru wring, wring out
V shibori iris diaphragm; white spots on a
dyed ground, tie-dyed fabrics; variega-
tion, spots (in flowers)
Зэй£	oshibori wet towel, steamed towel
Ш Фх %) zdkin о shiboru wring a floor-
cloth
[shimeru	strangle, strangulate,
wring
shimekorosu strangle to death
#	kubiо shimeru strangle, wring
the neck
[shimaru	be strangLEd
kubi ga shimaru have one's
neck wrung
IHOMQPHONESI
shiboru Й SQUEEZE =>0466
shibori SQUEEZE =>0466
shimeru
Sf CONCLUDE =>0945
/x =>®3372
Bfl CLOSE =>2090
shimaru
ЙВ CONCLUDE =>0945
ffl CLOSE =>2090
325
0913
J 6-6
	► SUPPLY ► PAY KYU			
I 0914	%	Joyo-4	S12-6-6	K2175
£ E1-6-6	120	B0624	®1350	U7D66
	ft		4	1.		
Й	Г	2	3	4 10	11	12		5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (provide with something requisite) supply,
provide
0 [original meaning] (make up for a deficiency)
supply, supplement
a |д7К kyusui water supply
куйуи supply of oil
kyushoku (provision of) meals
3c In shlkyu provision, supply; allowance,
grant; payment
Hln haikyu distribution, supply; rationing
kyokyusuru supply, furnish, pro-
vide
b hokyu supply, replenishment
§ Io jikyu self-supply, self-support
0 [also suffix] pay, salary, wages
In 44 куйгуб salary, pay, wages
|$4 куйуо allowance, grant; pay, salary
1д{'4'Т<Ь kyufusuru make a presentation,
grant, pay
Я |д деккуй monthly pay [salary]
{$1Й hokyu salary, pay
Втр|д11д jikankyu payment by the hour
@£IS koteikyu regular pay, fixed salary
4lHzEln shoninkyii initial salary
ICOMPOUNDSl
О INTERLINK, link, connect, join
JU IS renraku connection, contact; communi-
cation
К IS myakuraku logical connection, chain of
reasoning
fellS tanraku short circuit
0 [original meaning] entwine, twine, intertwine
f|xIS'T^) rorakusuru inveigle, ensnare,
entice
[KUN]
[karamu 1&Ш entwine, twine around, get
caught
IS<^ karami entanglement; involvement,
relationship
karamiau intertwine, entwine,
interlock
[karamaru IS ^-6] entwine, twine around,
get caught [entangled]
IS^O karamari entanglement
Ж I* IS	ki ni karamaru
shokubutsu creeping plant on trees
0916
В1-6-6
► UNITE
► INTERCONNECTED SYSTEM
TO su(beru) Ц] osamu nori mune
moto tsuna
Ж	Jdyb-5	S12-6-6	K3793
120	A0186	<8>1352	U7D71

ICOMPOUNDSl
0915
E1-6-6
► INTERLINK
► ENTWINE
RAKU kara(mu) kara(maru)
&	Joyo	S12-6-6	K4577
120	B0894	01351	U7D61
О unite, unify, gather into one
toitsu unity, coordination, standardiza-
tion
IS'n'T'b togosuru integrate, combine,
unify
/ISst tokei statistics
ISIS tokatsu general control, control and
jurisdiction
0 (unite under one rule) rule, govern, command
ISfe'3~'b tochisuru rule, govern, reign over
IS®! tdsei control, regulation

0914-0916
326
tosotsu leadership, command
soto sovereign, highest post of the gov-
ernment
A&tpM daitoryd president
0 interconnected SYSTEM, lineage
ЖЙ5 keito system; geological formation; line-
age, ancestry
ifilft ketto lineage, blood, bloodline
ИЕЙЙЖ seitoha orthodox school
dentd tradition, convention
[kun]
[suberu	unite, unify, gather into
one
subeawaseru unite, bring
together
0917
El-6-6
► BREAK OFF
► COME TO AN END
ZETSU ta(eru) ta(yasu) ta(tsu)
&	Jdyd-5	S12-6-6	K3268
120	B0853	@1353	U7D76
' I * О
12345	6	789
IcompoundsI
О break off, discontinue, cut off, sever
&Ё5С zekko breaking off friendship
[diplomatic relations]
zetsuen breaking off relations; insula-
tion, isolation
zeppanninaru go out of print
£feft zesshoku fasting
ЮЁ danzetsu severance, rupture; discon-
tinuation
ФЙ chQzetsu interruption, discontinuance;
abortion
$5$ёТЪ konzetsu suru eradicate, extermi-
nate, root out
0 COME TO AN END, cease to exist
ЖИ zetsubo despair, hopelessness
ЖМ zetsumetsu extermination, eradication;
extinction
zessokusuru expire, die
Ж$ё'Т<5 kizetsusuru faint
ttЙ tozetsu stoppage, interruption, cessa-
e-6 E
tion	1
© without match, peerless, unparalleled
zettai absoluteness; absolute; abso-
lutely, unconditionally
zettai ni absolutely, unconditionally	*
Ж5С zessan great admiration
ЖЙ1 (D zekko no splendid, grand, best,	»
golden	*
zetsumyona miraculous, exquisite,
superb
zesseino peerless, unequaled
ЖЖ zekkei superb view, picturesque scenery
zessho superb song [poem]
kuzenzetsugo the first and proba-
bly the last
0 reject, decline, refuse
•ЕЖ A <5 kyozetsusuru refuse, reject, deny
[kun]
[taeru Ж A ^5] come to an end, cease to
exist; become extinct
ЖА'Т' taezu constantly, always
Ж А ИЛ taema interval, gap
Ж А ИЛ M	taemanaku incessantly, with-
out a break
ill Ж A <5 todaeru come to an end
ЗНйДЭДАб Tsushin да taeru Correspon-
dence has ceased
^Е£зЖА<Ь shinitaeru die out, become ex-
tinct
[tayasu Ж^Т] exterminate, extirpate,
eradicate
ЖГ Ж^Т nezumi о tayasu exterminate
rats
[tatsu ] break off, discontinue, cut off,
sever
renraku о tatsu sever the con-
nection
IHOMOPHONESI
tatsu
©f CUTOFF =>1001
CUTOUT =>2076
327
0917
И e-е
1----------------------------------------------
Vt-t-r kSOAR
SHO kake(ru) to(bu) Ц] kake
0918 I Names I S12-6-6 K7038~
£ В1-6-6	124|C1435| ®1357 U7FD4
£ ICOMPOUNDSl
й • SOAR, fly
Ъ shoha suru complete a flight
hisho flight, soaring
kasshoki sailplane, glider
kyosho flying race (between pigeons)
[kun]
[kakeru Й1-Ы soar, fly
amagakeru ride the skies
tobikakeru soar, fly
[tobu Ж5Ч soar, fly
tonderu groovy, far-out, flipped
out
IHOMOPHONES]
kakeru
ffi DRIVE =>1185
Ш SET =>0361
® SUSPEND =>1855
LAY ACROSS =>1638
BgX =><8>1605
tobu
Ж FLY =^>2222
Й JUMP =>1030
шХ	incorrect stroke-count ГИЛЬ	=>see E1-6-7: Й at 0923 E1-6-6				
Ж	► SUCCEED KEI tsu(gu) Ц] tsugi			
0919	&	Joyo	S13-6-7	K2349
E1-6-7	120	B0720	01360	U7D99
' i i. If %|; 10	11	12	13			£ r £ 6 7	dE 8 9
ICOMPOUNDSl 0 (come after and take the place of) succeed (to),				
accede, inherit
© (come next or after) succeed, continue, follow
G execute (a race) by relay
a	keishd suru succeed to, accede to,
inherit
ЖЙ keitd relieving the (starting) pitcher
££Ж kokei succession; successor, inheritor,
heir
b ЖЖ'Т^) keizokusuru continue, last, main-
tain
keikisuru occur in succession
c ЖтЁ keiso relay race
ФЖ chukei relay, rebroadcasting
[KUN]
[tsugu Ж<"1
О succeed (to), accede; inherit
жежс /е о tsugu succeed to a house
'§(^ЖС uketsugu inherit, succeed to
ЙЖ^' atotsugi successor, heir
cf Ж C hikitsugu take over, hand over;
succeed to, inherit
© patch (up)
ЖсГЙссГ tsugihagi patching (and darning)
IHOMOPHONESI
tsugu
S CONTACT =>0368
NEXT =>0038
ЙЕ POUR =>®325
tsugi УК NEXT =>0038
Zrtzt ►SILK X4tz| KEN kinu 				
0920	* E1-6-7	120	Jdyo-6	S13-6-7	K2408
	D1941	01361	U7D79
		i r r	
123456789 ЖЖ 10	11	12	13 ICOMPOUNDSl			
Ф [original meaning] silk
/ШФ kenpu silk, silk cloth
Й1Ж kenshi (=kinuito) silk thread
Л/Ш jinken artificial silk; rayon
ZES® shoken (pure) silk
0918-0920
328
[KUN]
[kinu Ж] silk, silk fabrics
kinuorimono silk fabrics [goods]
/1ЙЙЁ kinuji silk fabrics
kinuito silk thread
[HOMOPHONES]
kinu Sc GARMENT =>1270
0921
E1-6-7
► CONTINUE
ZOKU tsuzu(ku) tsuzu(keru)
Ц] tsugi tsuzuki
&	Jdyd-4	S13-6-7	K3419
120	A0151	®1362	U7D9A
i*$।
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] continue, follow, ensue,
be adjacent
© [prefix] continuation, sequel, second series
a zokkd continuation
Ъ zokushutsu suru appear in succes-
sion
zokuraku continuous drop (of stocks)
zokuzoku in rapid succession, one after
another
keizokusuru continue, last, main-
tain
iS&ft renzoku continuation, succession, series
setsuzoku suru connect,join
jizokuryoku tenacity
b	zoku-kindaibunmeiron
Later Thoughts on Modern Civilization
[KUN]
[tsuzuku < ] vi CONTINUE, go on, follow,
ensue
tsuzuki continuation, sequel, second
series; [also suffix] continuation (in time
and space), succession, spell
seitentsuzuki spell of fine weather
31 cf < hikitsuzuku continue, last; occur
in succession, ensue
tetsuzuki procedure, formalities
[tsuzukeru ffittf&lvt [also verbal suffix] con-
6-7 []
----------------------------------------------- 1
tinue, keep up, go ahead
tsuzukezama ni successively, in a
row
tatetsuzuke ni in succession, on &
the trot	*
arukitsuzukeru keep walking	J
►WORD
► RESIGN
Jl ya(meru)
0922	¥	Jdyd-4	S13-7-6	K2813
E1-6-7	160	B0743	®1364	U8F9E
		J	T		l£	h	Lili	НЯ
	i	2	 3	4	5	6	7	8	9
ЙЙЙЙ
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
О word, term, phrase, expression, sentence
jiten dictionary
jisho dictionary
Щ8? seji compliment
з£8? shikiji address
0 resign, retire, quit
jishoku resignation
jihyd (letter of) resignation
jii intention to resign
0 decline, refuse
jitai declining, refusal
0 express one's gratitude
8?fit jigi bow, polite bow
[kun]
[yameru resign, retire, quit
kaisha о yameru leave the
company
[HOMOPHONES]
yameru
16 DISMISS =>®2617
it STOP =>1868
0923
В1-6-7
► BOAT
TEI
fl-	Joyo	S13-6-7	K3690
137	D1672	<8)1365	U8247
329
0921-0923
Е 6-8
1 поПТжПЗй
ТРЙЙЙ.............................
10	11	12	13
IcompoundsI
я © [also suffix] [original meaning] boat, small boat,
light craft
4	Л teichd coxswain, captain (of a subma-
|Lb	nne)
shQtei boat, craft
$	tantei boat
kydtei boat race
ЙпЖ kantei war vessels
WWSS keibitei guardship
kyumeitei lifeboat
0924
В1-6-8
► REFINE
► ESSENCE
► SPIRIT
SEI SHO Ц] suguru kiyoshi
ж	Joyd-5	S14-6-8	K3226
119	B0768	®1366	U7CBE
seisen careful selection
^t®xZ£ seichina minute, subtle,delicate,
exquisite
seiko na elaborate, exquisite, ingen-
ious
seimitsu precision, accuracy, minute-
ness
seido precision, accuracy
ЖЖ seisan exact calculation; settlement of
accounts
Ъ seitsusuru be well versed in, have
thorough knowledge of
©0 (source of vital energy) spirit, energy, vital-
ity, vigor
© (spiritual part of man) spirit, mind, soul
ойЛ seiryoku energy, vitality, vigor
seiki spirit, energy, essence
seikon energy, vitality
ЙНЙ seizei with all one's might; at most, at
best
seiippai with all one's might
b seishin mind, soul, heart; intention,
motive; the spirit (of something)
seikon spirit, soul; vitality
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 refine (crude materials), polish
© (purified) REFiNEd,fine
a SMS seiren refining, smelting; tempering
seisei refining; careful manufacture
b seito refined sugar, sugar refining
seiyu refined oil; essential oil, essence
© (essential substance of life) sperm, semen
seishi sperm
seieki semen, sperm
St Ж jusei fertilization, impregnation; pollina-
tion
1МЙ musei nocturnal emission, wet dream
© (essential part) essence, quintessence, spirit
seizui essence, soul, spirit, pith
seika flower, essence, glory
0 meticulous, careful, elaborate, precise, exact,
detailed, fine
0925
E1-6-8
► SCARLET
HI ake
%	Names	S14-6-8	K4076
120	D2847	®1369	U7DCB
ICOMPOUNDSI
© SCARLET
L hiodoshi scarlet-threaded suit of
armor
SkW higoi red carp, golden carp
[KUN]
[ake red, blood red
[HOMOPHONES]
ake	VERMILION =>2200
► FIBER
I Щ kore masa tada shige tsuna
0926
El-6-8
&	Joyo	S14-6-8	K1661
120	B0694	®1370	U7DAD
0924-0926
330
6-8 U
2
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
О FIBER
sen'i fiber, textile
0 tie up, hold together, maintain
ijisuru maintain, keep (up), pre-
serve
О emphatic prefix
ЖЯт ishin renovation, restoration; Imperial
Restoration of 1868
0927
E1-6-8
► BEAUTIFUL
KI Ц] aya
7^	Names	S14-6-8	K6926
120	D2519	@1371	U7DBA
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 beautiful, gorgeous, elegant, decorative
kireina beautiful, pretty; clean; fair
SISHft kisokyoku caprice, capriccio
0928
В1-6-8
► ESSENTIAL POINTS
► ROPE
KO tsuna
Ж	Joyo	S14-6-8	K2543
120	C1068	01372	U7DB1
г, X l о ия
йнййж ’
10	11	12	13	14
[compounds!
• ESSENTIAL [main] POINTS, essence, gist,
outline
ЖЙ1 kdryd essential [main] points, gist, out-
line; summary
koyo elements, essentials; outline
удкд outline, gist; general plan
taiko outline, general features
[KUN]
[tsuna Ж J rope (esp. of fiber), line, cord,
cable
0 tsunawatari tightrope walking
[walker]
Й! 31 cT tsunahiki tug of war; forward puller
(of a rickshaw)
tazuna bridle, reins
tanomi no tsuna last ray of hope
yokozuna (grand) champion sumo
wrestler
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with NET =>0930
1
*
J
4
ft
SB 0929 В1-6-8	► COTTON MEN wata			
	Ж 120	Jdyd-5	S14-6-8	K4442
		D1605	@1373	U7DBF
НЯ			F			
io	и i;	’	13	14		6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
© cotton plant
0 cotton fiber, cotton cloth, cotton wool
а	menka raw cotton, cotton wool
b	genmen raw cotton
menshi cotton yarn [thread]
men'yo sheep
menbd cotton spinning
men'orimono cotton goods
momen cotton, cotton cloth
[independent!
[men cotton
[KUN]
[wata Ш1
0 cotton plant
0 cotton fiber, cotton cloth, cotton wool
a	wata no mi cottonseed
b 0 watakuri cotton ginning
watagashi cotton candy
IHOMQPHONESI
wata =>®988
331
0927-0929
Е 6-8
МО ami
Ж	Joyo	S14-6-8	K4454
120	C1194	®1374	U7DB2
i i7 I t й ЭТИ'
[|j1	23456789
лЙИЙИН
10	11	12	13	14
£ ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] net (for catching ani-
mals)
© (reticulated fabric) net, netting
а Ж5Я gyomo fishing net
i^^ffl tetsujdmd barbed wire entangle-
ments
b	mdjo-soshiki network, reticulum
ffl UM momaku retina
0 [suffix] NETwork
lUftfffl tsushinmo communications network
j^iKffl tetsudomo railway network
S&Ss/ffl hdsdmd broadcasting network
[KUN]
[ami ffl] net, netting
ffla amime meshes (of a net)
sfeffl kanaami wire netting, screen
51сГffl hikiami seine, dragnet
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ffl essential points =>0928
► TRAIN
REN ne(ru) ne(ri)-
0931	Ж	Jdyd-3	S14-6-8	K4693
El-6-8	120	B0805	®1375	U7DF4
‘ у * It rrr
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 train, practice, exercise, drill, discipline;
refine
© (make proficient) train, drill
0 TRAiNed, experienced, skilled
rensei training, drilling
/MS1 renshu practice, training
shurensuru train, discipline
b kunren training, drill
kydren military drill
c тКЙ miren lingering affection, reluctance to
give up
[KUN]
[neru ЖJ train, drill, exercise
M_h neriageru train up, discipline
[neri- Й ^-] [also prefix] paste
Ж ty 1Ж nerigusuri medicated paste
ty 39 no neriseihin fish paste
IHOMOPHONESI
neru
Ж REFINE =>®1741
=>®1023
0932
В1-6-8
► THREAD
RIN KAN KEN
&	Names	S14-6-8	K6937
120	D3425	®1375.5	U7DB8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] thread, thick thread, cord
rinzu figured satin
0933
E1-6-8
► TWILL
RYO aya
&	Names	S14-6-8	K1629
120	D1728	®1376	U7DBE
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] TWiLLed silk
ryora figured silk and thin silk; elabo-
rated cloth
[KUN]
[aya Ш
O0 [in compounds] twill, twilled fabric
0 TWiLLed silk
а	0 ayaori twill
ayanishiki twill damask and brocade
b	0 ayatori cat's cradle
0930-0933
332
0 figure of speech, rhetorical flourish
Ж Ж 0® kotoba no aya figure of speech
IHOMOPHONESI
aya JC LETTER =>1242
0934
E1-6-8
► GREEN
RYOKU ROKU midori Щ en
	Jdyd-3	S14-6-8	K4648
120	C1235	®1377	U7DD1
' '*	* % % Г Г F
1234	5	6789
10	11	12	13	14
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] green, emerald
Ш'Ё ryokushoku green, verdure
ryokucha green tea, Japanese tea
rokushd verdigris, copper [green] rust
Ж^Ж ybryokuso chlorophyll
[kun]
[midori Ш green; verdure
midoriiro green
asamidori (=senryoku) light green
(Z Я FFZl 111 midori ni dwareta yama
mountain robed in verdure
IHOMOPHONESI
midori 1? jade green =>1738
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж relation =>0940
	► OUTSET SHO CHO о			
0935	&	Joyo	S14-6-8	K2979
C1-6-8	120	B0996	01378	U7DD2
' i ;gjjTr r
ЖЙЙЙ:'
10	11	12	13	14
IcompoundsI
О outset, beginning, inception, first step,
early stage
6-8 U
z --------------------------------------------- 1
shosen (=chosen) beginning of hostili-
ties, early stage of a war
tansho (=tancho) beginning, start, first
step; clue
0 mental or emotional state	*
jdcho emotion, feeling	$
0 thread of events, line, lineage	j
ЕЙтйз yuisho history, lineage
^йз issho ni together; at the same time; in 4
a lump
0 used phonetically for sho
naisho secrecy, privacy	*
[KUN]
[о ЙП cord, strap, thong
hesonoo umbilical cord
hanao clog thong, strap
0936
В1-6-8
► TOTAL
► GENERAL
SO Ц] fusa sa
&	Joyo-5	S14-6-8	K3377
120	A0131	®1379	U7DCF
Z		к	
	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
F	F	F	FF
10	11	12	13	14
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also prefix] total, whole, combined, full,
complete, gross
© integrate, unify, total
a Fill sdgaku total amount, sum total
sosu total (number)
F'ffc sotai the whole, all; on the whole, gen-
erally
0 sogakari combined efforts
iF—I® sonikai full two-story house
F^rJ? soyosan complete budget
FS soryo gross weight [volume]
b FoFTЪ sokeisuru total, sum up
sbgosuru synthesize, integrate,
put together
FIS’T-b sokatsusuru generalize, summa-
rize
Flmi soron introduction, outline
© [also suffix] (applicable to the whole) general,
333
0934-0936
Еб-8
1-------------------------------------------------
overall; ordinary
sokai general meeting
somu general affairs; manager, director
ф ^18^ sosenkyo general election
*	sojishoku resignation en masse
&	В	sohyo
n-	(=nihon rodokumiai sohyogikai) Gen-
fl	eral Council of Trade Unions of Japan
J	sozai daily [household] dish, side dish
.,	soja shrine enshrining several gods
© [also prefix] (of highest or supreme rank) gen-
S ERAL, -general, supreme, head, -in-chief
sdchd president of a university, chancel-
lor
feS sokan governor-general, inspector gen-
eral
sosai president, governor
son president, prime minister
sdtd sovereign, highest post ofthe gov-
ernment
sokantoku general manager
$£ф|1| sohonzan sectarian headquarters
temple
£&fSL& soryo-musuko eldest son
0937
El-6-8
►INTEGRATE
SO ® osamu
&	Names	SI 4-6-8	K3378
120	D2299	®1380	U7D9C
ICOMPOUNDSl
О INTEGRATE, Unify, total
sogosuru synthesize,integrate,
put together
soran general survey; comprehensive
bibliography
0 intertwine
sakusdshita complicated, intricate
0938
El-6-8
► SHARP-WITTED
SO sato(i) Ц] sato satoshi satoru
aki akira toshi
ж	Names	SI 4-6-8	K3379
128	D1846	®1384	U8061
0 sharp-witted, quick-witted, clever, bright,
ICOMPOUNDSl
astute, perceptive
sbmeina sagacious, wise, sharp,
mentally acute
[KUN]
[satoi В&И] sharp-witted,quick-witted,
clever
rini satoi be wide-awake to one's
interests
И mimizatoi sharp-[keen-]eared
Б1-6-8	incorrect stroke-count =>seeE 1-6-9: t at 0946
	incorrect classification =>see El-4-10: it at 0724
E1-6-8	
► MISCELLANEOUS
► MIXED
ZATSU ZO Щ sai kusa
0939	a	Jdyo-5	S14-8-6	K2708
E1-6-8	172	B0838	®1385	U96D1
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] miscellaneous, various, sundry,
motley
St^ zatta miscellaneous, various
StU zasshi magazinejournal
Stffl zatsuyo miscellaneous business
St It zappi miscellaneous expenses
St Ж zakka sundries, general cargo; miscella-
neous goods
zatsubunka miscellaneous writer,
miscellanist
МФ zdki miscellaneous trees
StSft# zatsushotoku miscellaneous [sundry]
incomes
St zatsudan chat, idle talk
St Ж zoni rice cakes boiled with vegetables
00 [original meaning] mixed, blended
© mixed up, disorderly, confused, intricate
a St® zasshu mixed breed, hybrid
0937-0939
334
йЁЦгй zakkyochi mixed residential quarter
b	zatsuzen to shita promiscuous,
disorderly
fukuzatsuna complicated, complex,
involved, intricate
konzatsu shita confused, disor-
derly; congested
ranzatsuna disorderly, confused
SSftfe hanzatsuna complicated, intricate,
confused
hanzatsuna vexatious,troublesome,
intricate
© coarse, rough, low class, ordinary
zasso weed
JtW zatsuon noise, jarring and grating;
jamming; interference
Яфх zdkin rag; mop
zogon foul language, abuse
sozatsuna coarse, rough, crude
[INDEPENDENT!
[zatsu St] miscellany
zatsu na coarse, rough, crude
[SPECIAL READINGS]
zako small fish, small fry; lesser fry
0940
E1-6-9
► RELATION
► EDGE
EN -NEN fuchi [Ц yukari yori
Ж	Joyo	S15-6-9	KI 779
120	C1324	®1386	U7E01
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
OG relation (between persons), affinity,
personal relations, connection, relation-
ship
© family relation, relations, relative,
kinsman
а enko relation, connection; relative
kusareen unhappy yet inseparable
relation; fatal bonds
[ЕЬШ innen connection, affinity; pretext; ori-
gin
ЖШ zetsuen breaking off relations; insula-
6-9 |]
----------------------------------------------- 1
tion, isolation---------------------------------1
ЯЙ0 muenno unrelated; without relatives,
having no surviving relatives
b ketsuen blood relation
двШ toen distant relation
© marriage relation, marriage	J
endan marriage proposal
/Wffl engumi marriage, (conjugal) union
Й®0Л naiennotsuma common-law wife
© Buddhism
0 karma relation, predestination, fate,
destiny
© indirect cause, contributory cause
а shukuen karma, destiny, fate
engi origin, history; omen, luck
b И8 innen karma, fate; direct a nd indirect
causes
0 edge, margin
enpen border, edge; relations
© (edge of building) veranda, porch, balcony
engawa veranda
[INDEPENDENT!
[en St]
O0 relation, affinity, connection
© family relation, relative
en да nai have no relation to
enokiru sever connections; get a
divorce
b	en да toi distantly related
0 marriage relation, marriage
fufunoenоmusubu get
married
© karma relation, fate, destiny, chance
fushigina en de by happy
chance
[kun]
[fuchi edge, verge, brink, border, side;
frame; hem, fringe
0 /Ш bon no fuchi edge of a tray
gakubuchi (picture) frame
0 fuchidori bordering, hemming
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ш GREEN =>0934
335
0940
Е 6-9
► COMPILE
► KNIT
HEN a(mu) -a(mi)
15
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI

O0 compile, edit, compose
© coMPiLEd by, edited by
а feJM henshu editing, compilation
feffiT hensan compilation, editing
fe^a hensha (=henja) editor, compiler
fe^cX-b henseisuru form, compose, com-
pile
b fSBBTt^fe asada sensei-hen edited by
Prof. Asada
© (bring together and arrange) put together,
compile, organize, form, arrange
fe SIX'S henseisuru organize, form
feffi henkyoku arrangement (of a melody)
feAXS hennyusuru include, incorporate;
admit
BfcfeXS kaihensuru reorganize, remodel
© [also suffix] volume, book, literary work; film
Efe kyohen great literary work
fife chohen long section (as of a novel or a
film)
Tzn fe yokokuhen preview
0 [original meaning] knit
feffl-ЙЖ hensokikai knitting machinery
[kun]
[amu fet?] knit, braid
fe AtS amiki knitting machine
feA^J amimono knitting, knitted goods
[-ami -fe A] [also suffix] KNiTting, knitted
SWfeA kikaiami machine knitted
P—XfeA resuami lace knitting
SI	► ROPE JO nawa Ц] tsuna					
0942 D1-6-9	& 120	Joyo	S15-6-9		K3876	
		B0990	@1388		U7E04	
' \ \ t t A ггюий				Г. 8		r 9
10	11	12	13	14	15 ICOMPOUNDSI 0 [original meaning] rope, straw rope, cord,						
spun yarn
SIX jdmon straw-rope pattern
ISSl hq/o ropefor binding criminals
jijojibaku ni ochiiru be
caught in one's own trap
[KUN]
[nawa SI] (straw) rope, cord, bonds
SI©li£5 nawatobi rope skipping, rope jump-
ing
ЯЗМ 0 nawabari roping off; one's sphere of
influence, one's territory
► SLACK
KAN yuru(i) yuru(yaka) yuru(mu)
yuru(meru)
0943
El-6-9
&	Joyo	S15-6-9	K2043
120	B0886	@1389	U7DE9
' 1 iЛ J ЛГГГ
r'FF'rA® ’
10	11	12	13	14	15
IcompoundsI
О (reduce tension) slack, slacken, loosen
kanwa easing, relief, alleviation
shikan relaxation; atony
0 (not fast or lively) slack, slow, sluggish
St'Kfe kanman na slack, slow-moving, dull,
inactive
kanko going slowly
Й1Ж капкуй fast and slow motion, high and
low speed; emergency
kangezai laxative
0941-0943
336
[KUN]
[yurui SH] slack, loose
yurusa slackness, looseness, lenience,
gentleness
Ж1Ю yurumeno somewhat loose
[yuruyaka
yuruyakana	slack, loose
yuruyakasa slackness, looseness,
lenience, gentleness
yuruyaka na ifuku loose
garment
[yurumu vi SLACK(en), loosen, relax
® yurumi slackness, looseness; slack
Musubime да yurumu A
knot comes loose
[yurumeru	loosen, unloose,
unfasten
tazuna о yurumeru slack the
reins
6-9 E
--------------------------------------------------1
stringed musical instrument)	1
dasen batting line-up
fukusen preparation, foreshadow
© elec line, wire, cable	*
2Ж1Ж musen radio, wireless
densen electric wire	4
naisen telephone extension; inner line ч/.
kaisen circuit
ЖМИс denwasen telephone line
0 (public transportation route) line, track, route
senro (railway) line, track
rosen route, way, line
ensen no along a railway line
ЯЙШ dassen derailment; deviation, aberra-
tion
tokaidosen Tokaido Line
SIS nibansen Track No.2
[INDEPENDENT!
[sen line; elec line, wire, cable
sen о hiku draw a line
0944
E1-6-9
► LINE
SEN
&	Jdyd-2	S15-6-9	K3294
120	A0374	@1392	U7DDA
Z
[compounds!
O0 (continuous lengthwise mark) line
© (border, esp. between two surfaces) line
G geomer/yLiNE
а ЦИ senga line drawing
chokusen straight line
Till kasen underline
WcIM sensen (war) front, battle line
zensen front line, fighting front;
meteorology front
b ТкЧШЙ suiheisen horizon
c	hobutsusen parabola
0 something resembling a line, as a ray or
beam
kosen ray (of light), beam
shamisen shamisen (Japanese three-
0945
И1-6-9
► CONCLUDE
► TIGHTEN
TEI shi(maru) shi(mari) shi(meru)
-shi(me) -ji(me)
&	Joyo	S15-6-9	K3689
120	B0746	@1393	U7DE0
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 unite two nations by reaching an agreement:
conclude (a treaty), contract, form (an alli-
ance)
ISIn Ъ teiketsu suru conclude, contract
teiyaku conclusion of a treaty
1ЙЖ teimei conclusion of a treaty of alliance
[kun]
[shimaru
OG tighten, become taut; be compact, be
firm
© tighten one's belt, be frugal
a	shimatta taikaku well-knit
frame, firm build
337
0944-0945
E 6-9
1 ----------------------------------------------
0 brace oneself up, become steady
I aSЙ S Ъ hikishimaru tighten, become
r	tight; be braced up
4 0 [in compounds] exercise (tight) control over,
regulate
i IR 0 &®	torishimaru manage, control,
4[z	superintend
[shimari	0]
О tightness, firmness, steadiness
$® 0 CO H shimari no nai loose, slack,
lax
© fastening [locking] of a door
P &® 0 tojimari fastening the doors
[shimeru №£>&lvt
O0 tighten, tauten
© fasten, tie up, bind
a h	beruto o shimeru tighten
one's belt
b/Wffi'S shimekukuru bind fast; settle,
round off (a passage)
0 [in compounds] fasten, lock (a door or win-
dow), shut
shimedasu shut the door on (a
person), shut out
£® W Ъ shimekiru close (up); fix a deadline
shimekiri closing day, deadline;
Closed, No Entrance
[ shime, -jime -Й5Й)]
О counter for reams or bundles of paper
$6 kami futashime two reams of pa-
per
0 judo choke, choking [strangling] techniques
katajujijime cross choke
IHOMQPHONESI
shimaru
И CLOSE =>2090
STRANGLE =>0913
shimeru
/x =>©3372
И CLOSE =>2090
STRANGLE =^>0913
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-6-10: % at 0950
В1-6-9
► BUTTERFLY
CHO
142
Names	S15-6-9	K3619
D2121	®1401	U8776
0946
E1-6-9
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [also suffix] [original meaning] butterfly
chocho butterfly
ЙЖ kocho butterfly
iWjlll!® kozancho alpine butterfly
^ЙК monshirocho cabbage butterfly
[INDEPENDENT!
[Chd Ш BUTTERFLY
► SHINE BRILLIANTLY
KI kagaya(ku) [Ц teru akira
0947	Ж	Joyo	515-7-8	K2117
И1-6-9	159	C1263	@1402	U8F1D
ГТ	R	pv		t\	a $ a	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
p ft			s	
io	и	и	’	13	14	15	
0 shine brilliantly, glitter, sparkle, radiate
kiseki pyroxene, augite
W® kido brightness
®® kiki brilliance
W Ъ kokiaru shining, brilliant, glorious,
splendid
[KUN]
[kagayaku И < ] shine brilliantly, glitter,
gleam, sparkle, light up, brighten
Й aS kagayaki brilliancy
kagayakashii bright (future), bril-
liant (achievement)
kagayakiwataru shine out far and
wide
kagayakashii gyoseki bril-
liant achievements, bright future
@ yorokobi ni kagayaku me
eyes sparkling with joy
0946-0947
338
[HOMOPHONES!
kagayaku И shine brilliantly =*0962
0948
В1-6-10
►SUGAR
TO
Ж	Jdyd-6	SI 6-6-10	K3792
119	C1475	01403	U7CD6
e-ю E
jubaku spell	1
1=3 ffi Й Из jijojibaku ni ochiiru be
caught in one's own trap
|KUN|	T
[shibaru M<5 ] bind,tie,fasten; (restrain as if
with bonds) bind, restrict, restrain
cf О < Ъ kitsuku shibaru fasten tightly
W 0 shibariageru bind [tie] up
'b kisoku de shibaru restrict (a
person) by rule
Й	Й W Ш A
io 11	12	13	14	15	16
IcompoundsI
0 (sweet substance derived from sugar cane or
beets) sugar
0 [also suffix] (water-soluble sweet carbohydrate)
SUGAR
а И'Ш sato sugar
^7'	Ш guranyuto granulated sugar
fil fil seito refined sugar, sugar refining
КЗЙЖ seitdgyd sugar manufacturing indus-
try
b fi!53 tobun sugar content
SIBcjW tonyobyo diabetes
kato fruit sugar, fructose
jSTfit shoto sucrose
budoto grape sugar, dextrose
0950
El-6-10
► SEW
HO nu(u) Ц] nui
Ж	Joyo	S16-6-10	K4305
120	D1771	01406	U7E2B
1 j f if I i'/r

10	11	12	13	14	15	16
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] sew, stitch
i§ila <5 hogo suru suture, stitch (a wound)
SiX hoko seamstress, tailor
ЙЙ saiho sewing, needlework, dressmaking
ten'imuho perfect beauty with no
trace of artifice
► BIND
BAKU shiba(ru)
0949	Ж	Joyo	S16-6-10	K3991
El-6-10	120	D1782	©1405	U7E1B
/ 3 * % $ 3
i i
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
IcompoundsI
О [original meaning] bind, tie up
IHiW kinbaku tight binding
® (restrain as if with bonds) bind, restrict, re-
strain
ЖйХ-б sokubakusuru restrain, restrict,
bind, fetter
[KUN]
[nuu SEW, Stitch
Ш V o’ ЪХ" Ъ nuiawaseru sew up
[together]
tenuino hand-tailored[-sewed]
kizuguchi о nuu sew up
[suture] a wound
0951
E1-6-10
► LATITUDE
I
%	Joyo	S16-6-10	K1662
120	C1503	01407	U7DEF
339
0948-0951
Дб-ю
1IZlEJOJГ'ГГ
123456789
£ ICOMPOUNDSl
* latitude, lines of latitude
ido latitude
isen parallels of latitude
keii latitude and longitude
hokui north latitude
0952
El-6-10
► VERTICAL
JU tate
%	Jdyo-6	S16-6-10	K2936
120	C1277	®1408	U7E26
ICOMPOUNDSl
О vertical, lengthwise, perpendicular, longi-
tudinal
ЯЁjudan cutting vertically
juo ni vertically and horizontally, in all
directions; freely
jukansuru run through, traverse
jusd running lengthwise; mountain
range traversing
ЙЙЙ jusen vertical line, bar (in music)
© self-indulgent, wayward, selfish, as one
pleases
ШЙЁ soju management, controlling; steering;
piloting, flying
[KUN]
[tate Й] length, height
Й© tate no vertical, longitudinal
tategaki vertical writing
ЙЁйГ tatejima vertical stripes
[HOMOPHONES]
XL STAND =>1257
Ж BUILD =>1965
|gx =>@2837
0953
В1-6-11
► ACHIEVEMENTS
SEKI Щ isao
&	Joyo-5	S17-6-11	K3251
120	B0722	®1412	U7E3E
ICOMPOUNDSl
О achievements, accomplishments, merit,
results, record
ЙсЖ seiseki results, record, achievement
iOS jisseki (actual) result, positive achieve-
ments
Ж Ж gyoseki achievements; business results
ЙЖ koseki meritorious deed, achievement
ЙсЖ senseki war record, military achieve-
ments; results, score
fuseiseki poor result, underachieve-
ment
© [original meaning] spin thread, make yarn
boseki spinning
16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О fine, slender
sensaina delicate, fine, subtle
senmd cilia, fine hair
W sengiri long thin strips (of a vegeta-
ble)
© [original meaning] fiber, filament
sen'i fiber, textile
{ЬШ kasen synthetic fiber
д'Ш gosen synthetic fiber
0952-0954
340
6-12 E
0955
В1-6-11
► SHRINK
SHUKU chiji(mu) chiji(maru)
chiji(meru) chiji(reru) chiji(rasu)
® osamu
Ж	Jdyd-6	517-6-11	K2944
120	B0942	®1414	U7E2E
r
9
O0 [original meaning] (drawtogether)shrink,
contract
© (make or become smaller) shrink, reduce,
shorten
a shushuku contraction, shrinking
{ФЙЙ shinshuku expansion and contraction
tanshuku shortening, contraction, re-
duction
b shukushb reduction, curtailment, cut
shukugensuru reduce, diminish
gunshuku reduction of armaments
noshuku suru concentrate
0 (draw back) shrink (as with fear), curl up,
recoil, wince
kydshukusuru feel much obliged,
deeply appreciate; regret; feel embar-
rassed
[KUN]
[chijimu	w shrink, contract
chijimi shrinkage; cotton crepe
0 chijimiori cotton crepe, preshrunk
cloth
nobichijimi expansion and con-
traction, flexibility
[chijimaru 88^-6] v/be shortened, be
contracted
[chijimeru	vtcontract, shorten,
SHRINK
[chijireru v7be wavy, curl; shrink,
be wrinkled
chijirege curly, wavy, or fuzzy hair
[chijirasu Й8 bT] vtcurl, crinkle, crimp
► LISTEN
CHO ki(ku)
1
0956	SF	Joyo	517-6-11	K3616
E1-6-11	128	B0774	®1418	U8074
r r r T x ’rFF
2	3. 4"	5 .6.7.8.9
I
I
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] listen, hear
Ъ choshu suru listen to, give a hear-
ing to
choshu audience
choko lecture attendance
chdmonkai hearing
chdkaku sense of hearing
Ъ bochd suru hear, listen to; attend
shichbsha viewer, audience
kdchokai public [open] hearing
frM® keichb listening closely
[kun]
[kiku Й < ] listen (to), give an ear to
К 0 Ж & 4® < tami no кое о kiku listen to
the voice ofthe people
[HOMOPHONES]
kiku
M HEAR =>2097
BJT =>@1452
incorrect stroke-count
=>see El-7-11: Ё at 1083
В1-6-11
0957
E1-6-12
► FOOD PROVISIONS
RYO RO kate
ж	Joyo	518-6-12	K4640
119	C1349	@1421	U7CE7
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
341
0955-0957
Е 6-12
1 	---------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSI
• food provisions, food, foodstuffs
ffiiM ryddo supply of provisions
JtS shokuryd provisions, food, foodstuffs
? icSt iryo clothing and food
ftffl hydro army provisions, food
[kate ffl] provisions, food
hibinokate daily food
0958
E1-6-12
► WEAVE
SHOKU SHIKI o(ru) o(ri) ori -ori
-o(ri)
*	Jbyd-5	518-6-12	K3105
120	B0645	®1422	U7E54
7?1. КC
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] weave
^X shokko weaver
shokki loom
shokujosei Vega
$$$, bdshoku spinning and weaving
senshoku dyeing and weaving
0 organize
ЖЖ soshiki organization, system; constitu-
tion, construction; tissue
[KUN]
[ОШ S<5] WEAVE
orikomu interweave
orimono cloth, textile, fabric
ШЙ& 0 hataori weaving; weaver; grasshop-
per
[ori йс] texture, weave
йс 0 @ orime texture
me no komaka na ori fine
texture
>й® haori Japanese half coat, haori
[-ori -Ж -Ж V ] [also suffix] woven fabric,
brocade
keori woolen fabric, woolen cloth
Й1ФЙ& nishijin'ori Nishijin brocade
IHOMOPHONESI
oru iff BREAK OFF =>0189
0959
В1-6-12
► MEND
ZEN tsukuro(u)
&	Joyo	518-6-12	K3322
120	D2098	®1423	U7E55
Z	2		*		£	$ r	r
1	2	3		5	6	7	8	9
		F	№	№	№		
i6
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] (fix and/or make whole)
mend, repair
]WШ'ТЪ shuzen suru mend, repair
eizen building and repairs, maintenance
[KUN]
[tsukurou $15] mend, repair, darn
tsukuroi mending, darning
0960
E1-6-12
► EMPLOYMENT
SHOKU
ж	Jdyd-5	518-6-12	K3106
128	A0290	©1425	U8077
Г T T Г 3 t f
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
IcompoundsI
О [also suffix]
0 employment, occupation, workjob
0 post, office
а shokugyo occupation, vocation, profes-
sion
ШЙ? shokumu duty, duties, function
shokuba place of work, workshop
5Й® shokushu typeof occupation, occupa-
tional category
J® JI shokuin staff, employee, personnel
shokureki one's professional [work]
experience, one's business career
0958-0960
342
shushoku finding employment
taishoku retirement, resignation
mushokuno without occupation,
unemployed
naishoku side job
WI3EISfS senmonshoku profession, profes-
sional job
b A® kdshoku public office
genshoku present post [office]; incum-
bent
WSIS kanrishoku administrative
[managerial] position
oshoku (official) corruption, bribery
0 [also suffix] craftsman, artisan
I® A shokunin craftsman, artisan
[INDEPENDENT!
[shoku Ж] employment, occupation, work,
job; post, office; (professional) skill
shoku о sagasu seek employment,
hunt for a job
shokuojisuru resign one's post
6-15 E
—7^------------------------------------------ 1
Ш V	kuriawaseru make time, ar- 1
range matters
0 shift for, make shift, get along, manage
0 HIO yarikuri tiding over, makeshift,
management
shikinguri raising funds
0 perform an action repeatedly
Ш О Ж'Т kurikaesu repeat, do over again
SOB" kurigoto same story told over and
over again; grumble
incorrect stroke-count
/УЛИ =>see D1 -6-15: Й at 0963
£1-6-14
0962
£ 1-6-14
► SHINE BRILLIANTLY
YO kagaya(ku) Щ aki akira teru
	Names	S20-6-14	K4552
124	D2448	©1431.2	U8000
ICOMPOUNDSl
0961
El-6-13
► REEL
► SHIFT ONWARD
ku(ru)1 ku(ru)2
Ж	Joyo	S19-6-13	K2311
120	B0857	®1427	U7E70
'	4_	4	‘f	? Г	Г Г
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
№
19
[KUN]
[kuru1 HI <6] reel (silk off a cocoon); gin
(cotton); spin
И10 &S kuriwata ginned cotton
HIO1X <5 kuritoru reel off
(kuru2 HI<5 J [in compounds]
00 shift onward to the next stage, move
up, carry over
0 shift (a plan) to the next phase
a HI 0 Jt Vf 'Ь kuriageru advance, move up
Ь Ш 0 Atl^z kuriirekin transfer balance
И10 kurinoberu postpone, put off
0 [original meaning] shine brilliantly
0 brilliant, bright; glorious
а	депуд suru shine dazzlingly
b eiyo luxurious and glorious life
[kun]
[kagayaku № < J shine brilliantly, glitter,
gleam, sparkle, light up, brighten
№ А1У1 kagayaku taiyo the shining sun
iWli< me да kagayaku one's eyes spar-
kle
eiyo ni kagayaku shine in the
glory
[HOMOPHONES]
kagayaku ® shine brilliantly =>0947
[note]
★do not confuse with № shine =>0750
0963
£ 1-6-15
► WARSHIP
KAN
fl- 137	Joyo	S21-6-15	K2047
	C1426	©1435	U8266
343
0961-0963
E^i_____________________________
1 дд д д д д дд
7'Д "Jtt Д ДДДДй
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
19	20	21
ICOMPOUNDSl
• warship, battleship
ЖЮ kansen ships and warships
Ж^ kantai squadron, fleet
ЖЖ kantei war vessels
Ж5 kancho captain of a warship
ЖЖ gunkan warship
0964
El-7-1
► MILK
NYU chichi chi
L	Jdyd-6	S8-1-7	K3893
5	C1205	©1438	U4E73
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (mammalian secretion) milk
© (food product) milk
a ®?L bonyu mother's milk
дуйпуй (cow's) milk
b nyugyd dairy industry
пуйка price of milk
W?L funnyd powdered milk
ЯЙЯв?Ь dasshinyu nonfat milk
© breast, breasts
?L^ nyCibo (=chibusa) breast, nipple
?LBX пуйдап breast cancer
nydto nipple
© infancy
?1Ль nyuji infant, baby, suckling
nyushi milk teeth
[kun]
[chichi ?L] milk; breast, breasts
¥14^ chichiushi (=пуйдуй) milch cow, dairy
cattle
?LM chichikubi (=chikubi) teat, nipple
[chi ?L] [in compounds] milk; breast
chinomigo baby, suckling
ISPECIAL READINGS]
uba wet nurse
0965
В1-7-2
► PLAN
► COMPUTE
KEI haka(ru) haka(rau) Ц] kazu
।—।	Jdyd-2	S9-7-2	K2355
149	A0231	01441	U8A08
ICOMPOUNDSl
О plan, design, devise, scheme
Bt® keiкак и plan, project
Ixlt sekkei design, plan
© compute, calculate, reckon, count, estimate
BtW keisan computation, calculation
Bt _Ь*<ГЪ keijosuru sum up, appropriate (a
sum for some purpose)
Bts keiryd measuring, weighing
tf£Bt'T<5 suikeisuru estimate
Stet tokei statistics
^Bt kaikei account, finance; bill
Mnt shukei totalization, classified total
© [also suffix] meter, gauge, measuring instru-
ment
Bt§S keiki meter, gauge; instrument
PyfBt tokei clock, watch
ЙбЁ nt sokudokei speedometer
ЙЖВ+ jishinkei seismometer
tnnScBt ondokei thermometer
0 total, sum total
o'Bt gokei sum total, total
S^Bt sokei total, total amount
<Hnt shdkei subtotal
[INDEPENDENT!
[kei Bt] plan, scheme, plot, stratagem; total,
sum total
El Ж Ж	0 kokka-hyakunen no kei
permanent national policy
BtSTt H keigoman'en total 50,000 yen
[KUN]
[hakaru st-6]
О compute, calculate, estimate
РФ И fft* Ъ shoyo jikan о hakaru
calculate the time required
0964-0965
344
7-2
О guess, surmise, fathom
hakarishirenai unfathom-
able, inestimable
[hakarau st b 5 ] see to, arrange, manage,
dispose
St H hakarai discretion, arrangement, dis-
position, good offices
IHOMOPHONESI
hakaru
SO MEASURE =>0444
Ж QUANTITY =>1598
В DRAWING =>1951
S SCHEME =>1069
FS CONSULT =>1070
вТ 0966	► REVISE TEI			
	и	Joyo	S9-7-2	K3691
E1-7-2	149	C1502	®1442	U8A02
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 revise, correct, edit
пТ1Е'3~<5 teiseisuru correct, amend, revise
kaiteisuru revise, edit
'КрТ'Т'Ь kdtei suru revise
MIJ
0967
E1-7-2
► RULE
SOKU nori’ ® toki tsune
IJ	Joyo-5	S9-2-7	K3407
18	B0752	®1444	U5247
1___2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
IcompoundsI
• [also suffix] rule, regulation, principle, law
kisoku rule, regulation
SjJUl hosoku law, rule
Infill tessoku ironclad rule, immutable law
ЙНЯ1 gensoku principle, general rule
gakusoku school regulations
kydsoku rules for teaching
IzMO hansoku violation of rules, infringement,
foul
SOffl bassoku penal regulations, punitive
provisions
{'till fusoku additional rules, bylaw
jimintosoku rules of the Liberal
Democratic Party
IHOMOPHONESI
nori ?£ LAW =>0248
Wi 0968	► TRACK KI			
	Ж	Joyo	S9-7-2	K2116
E1-7-2	159	C1529	@1445	U8ECC
" |Г |n	Я	Я		
1	23456789
IcompoundsI
0 (wheel) track, rut, path
© railway track
a WlSf kiseki locus; tracks
kido track, railway; planetary orbit-
beaten track
b kijo rails
[ M в ж » » И
► STRONG
KEI KYO ® tsuyoshi
0969		Names	S9-2-7	K5006
E1-7-2	19	D2751	®1445.5	U52C1
				
ICOMPOUNDSI 0 strong, stiff, hard keiso strong man with sense of fidelity				
	► DESCRIBE JO Щ nobu			
0970	57	Joyo	S9-2-7	K2986
El-7-2	29A	D1874	®1446	U53D9
				
7				f £ £ &&
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 describe, narrate, depict, explain
jojutsu description, depiction
josetsu explanation, interpretation
345
0966-0970
J 7-2
jojoshi lyric poem [poetry]
/q/7 narration, description
_ Й jijoden autobiography
a	heijobun declarative sentence
6 _______________________________________________
S 0971
5Й В1-7-2
► WHOLESALE
oro(su) oroshi oro(shi)
p	Joyo	S9-2-7	K1823
26	C1522	01447	U5378
® I7.F..F..IF.F..F..if.!fW
^123456789
M
4=1 [orosu 0T] WHOLESALE, sell wholesale
/Ьтс 0 {С01Г kouriniorosu sell wholesale
у to a retailer
[oroshi fll, fll1/ ] [also prefix and suffix]
wholesale, wholesale trade; wholesaler
SI fll L О yasai о oroshi de kau
buy vegetables wholesale
0® oroshisho wholesaler
07Ё oroshiuri wholesale
0(Й oroshine wholesale price
Ж^Ж0 kikinzokuoroshi wholesale
[wholesaler] in precious metals
IHOMOPHONESI
orosu
T DOWN =>2115
Й DESCEND =>0335
oroshi T DOWN =><8)3378
0972
E1-7-2
► CUT BY CHIPPING
SAKU kezu(ru)
Joyo	S9-2-7	K2679
B0795	01448	U524A
’ " F ;Г ft ft 'ft ft' ft']
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О О CUT by CHIPPING, whittle, cut metal (with
a cutting tool), machine
0 (cut a hole in) excavate, drill
a CTHO kensaku grinding
b	sakuganki rock drill
ffiHG'lT'b kussakusuru dig out, excavate
5ft Hl! kaisaku excavation, cutting, digging
0O cut down, whittle down, curtail
© cross out, strike off, delete, cancel
a	sakugen curtailment, reduction
b	sakujo deletion, elimination, cancella-
tion
tensakusuru correct, touch up
("add and delete")
[KUN]
[kezuru RiJ Ъ ] whittle, shave, sharpen, cut
by CHIPPING
ffl 0 JBX kezurikuzu shavings, chips
JqzjEffl 0 enpitsukezuri pencil sharpener
Jniffl 0 arakezuri rough planing, roughing,
machining
В1-7-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-7-3: gat0984
	► IMPERIAL DECREE CHOKU
0973	Л Joyo S9-2-7	K3628
В1-7-2	19 D2043 01451	U52C5
I"* к	F t
ICOMPOUNDSl	4	5	6	7	8	9
0 imperial [royal] decree, imperial order
[edict]
$Jj=l chokusen imperial decree
chokugo imperial rescript
shochoku imperial edict
i=i [7 incorrect stroke-count
"f P	=>see E1 -8-3: Ж at 1100
В1-7-2
ta
0974
В1-7-3
► WRITE DOWN
KI shiru(su) Ц) nori
	Jdyd-2	S10-7-3	K2113
149	A0164	01453	U8A18
0971-0974
346
10
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 [original meaning] write down, record,
put down in writing
0 [also suffix] written account, record, de-
scription
a BBiS kiroku record, document, chronicle;
(new) record
BB< kisha journalist, reporter; editor
ВВЖ kiji news, article; account
BB A kinyu entry, record
BB&T'S kimeisuru sign one's name, regis-
ter
ВДВВТ^ meikisuru write clearly, specify
i^lB toki registration, registry
ТВВ0 kaki no following, undermentioned
ЙВВТ& hydkisuru write, express in writ-
ing; write on a surface
Ш1ВТ<5 hydkisuru mark; write a title
b 0 IB nikki diary
ЖВВ shuki note, memorandum; memoirs
fepB denki biography
ЖтВВ ryokoki travel record, travel book
ШЖВВ kojiki Kojiki (Ancient Chronicles)
© commit to memory, memorize, remember,
bear in mind
BBtft kioku memory, recollection
BB^ 0 kinenbi memorial day, anniversary
BiapB anki learning by heart, memorizing
^ЙВВТЪ meikisuru bear in mind, remem-
ber; inscribe, engrave
© officer managing records and documents
* |B shoki clerk, secretary
О sign, mark, emblem
ВВЯ“ kigo symbol, mark, sign
[INDEPENDENT!
[ki BB] written account, description; record;
used at the beginning of official records
Ж И Ж 0 BB omoide no ki one's memoirs
— Я —+Д 0 BB nigatsu nijuhachinichi ki
recorded on February 28
[kisuru BBT<5 ] record, write down
7-3 E
—--------------------------------------------- 1
[kun]	1
[shirusu BBT] WRITE DOWN, record, put
down in writing
W cf BBT kakishirusu write down, record, f
register
IHOMQPHONESI
shirusu Ep MARK =>®828	%
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with era =>0856
► INSTRUCT
KUN JU satoshi nori kuni
0975	1—f	Jdyd-4	S10-7-3	K2317
E1-7-3	149	C1172	®1454	U8A13
ЖП ш ]
[COMPOUNDS]
О instruct, teach, admonish
®1|&Ж kunren training, drill
SHIS? kunji admonitory speech
ВИ1Ж kunkai admonition, warning
BIHW kundo old word for licensed elementary
school teacher; instruction
© (give orders) instruct, advise, order
plll/K kunji instruction
BJIItj* kunrei instructions, (official) orders, di-
rective
© precept, lesson, admonition, iNSTRUCTion,
teachings
^p]l| kyokun lesson, precept, teachings
0 Japanese-derived pronunciation of kanji,
kun reading
д]1|иЯ kundoku (=kun'yomi) Japanese-
derived pronunciation of kanji, kun read-
ing
[INDEPENDENT!
[kun Bill] kun reading
347
0975
>
0 [original meaning] entrust (a person with a
thing), place (a thing) in someone's charge,
commit, ask
takujisho day nursery
<5 itaku suru entrust with, charge
with, consign
Я shokutaku part-time employee
kitakusuru deposit, entrust
shintaku trust
йзЙ'ТЪ kettaku suru conspire with, be in
collusion with
{fttEsiz! kydtakukin deposit money
JSS£ О V > kuttaku no nai free from worry,
carefree
[INDEPENDENT!
[takusu ] entrust (a person with a
thing)
0 SUPPRESS BY ARMED FORCE, put down
[attack] the enemy, send a punitive expedi-
tion
tbbatsu suppression (of a rebellion),
punitive expedition
tobakusuru attack the shogunate
й'till* tdhi suppression of bandits
Ъ soto suru wipe out (the enemy),
clear
тйП'ТЪ tsuitbsuru hunt down and kill
ffiH seito subjugation, conquest
[KUN]
[utsu Ho]
О kill (with a sword or spear)
ЙЙНЪ katakiuchi vendetta, revenge
00 SUPPRESS BY ARMED FORCE, put down
[attack] the enemy, send a punitive expe-
dition
0 attack, strike, assault
а	tekioutsu quell the enemy
b	uchiiru break into (a house to kill
the master), raid
teuchi capital punishment given per-
sonally by a feudal lord
fuiuchi surprise attack
IHOMOPHONESI
utsu
S STRIKE =>1831
ff STRIKE =>0142
L ► STUDY
Z±TT ► SUPPRESS BY ARMED FORCE
P J TO u(tsu)
0977	в рбуб-б| si0-7-3 КЗ80Г
E1 -7-3 149 B0542 01456 U8AoT
► WEALTH
ZAI SAI [Ц takara
Д	Jdyd-5	S10-7-3	K2666
154	A0465	01457	U8CA1
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (inquire into and examine closely) study, scru-
tinize, examine, discuss
togi discussion, debate, deliberation
p'j’iiffl toron debate, discussion, argument
kentosuru examine, study, inves-
tigate
I’ n	oz	я		Я	Я	г	
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 wealth, fortune, money; property, assets,
goods, commodities
0 [suffix] goods, assets, property
а zaika wealth, money and property;
goods
0976-0978
348
MSl zaisan property, fortune, wealth
saifu purse, wallet
JAlt shizai private funds, private property
Hr chikuzai accumulation of wealth
j?It shizai property, fortune, assets
b ЖШ* kazai household effects [goods]
ttlJ bunkazai cultural assets [properties]
0 finance, funds, revenue
IJzaikai business world, economic circles
zaigen revenue source, financial re-
sources
St zaisei public finance, financial affairs
IJHI?£A zaidanhojin juridical foundation,
juridical person
МЖ zaimu financial affairs
[INDEPENDENT!
[zai IJ] wealth, fortune, money; property,
goods
иЗгДЙ'Т zaionasu build a fortune
0979
E1-7-3
► SHOOT
SHA i(ru) sa(su)A
	Jdyo-6	SI0-3-7	K2845
41	B0915	®1458	U5C04
О shoot, fire
It® shageki shooting, gunshot, firing
JtW shateki target practice, shooting
StS shatei shooting range
It® "J" <5 shasatsu suru shoot to death
hasshasuru discharge, shoot,
launch
fWjStfi® koshaho antiaircraft gun, high-angle
gun
0 (emit forcefully) shoot (out) (radiation or
liquids), emit, radiate, discharge, eject
Stfil shasei ejaculation, seminal emission
Kelt'T-b hoshosuru radiate, emit, emanate
0 St nissha insolation, solar radiation
IxSt hansha reflection
7-3 E
----------------------------------------------- 1
Й St 0 It chokusha-nikko direct rays of the	1
sun
SESt chusha injection, shot
IlNDEPENDENTl	T
[sha St] archery	6
St & ¥	sha о manabu learn archery	Й
[KUN]	|
[iru St &] shoot (an arrow), let off (an
arrow)
Stlt^^) itameru shoot to death; win, ac-
quire
Sttfe < inuku shoot through
[sasu StTJ shine on
Shoji ni коде да sasu A
shadow is cast on the shoji (paper slid-
ing-door)
IHOMOPHONESI
[ “И ВД ЯН
sasu
H DIFFERENCE =^2082
ta FINGER =>0278
STAB =>0855
1Ф INSERT =>0317
ЙЁ POUR =>®325
it STOP =>®2941
ICOMPOUNDSl
• COUNTER FOR HOUSES
Kfl* yon ken four houses
—ikken'ya solitary house; private home
Sct-f suken several houses
[kun]
[noki ttl EAVES
fFT nokishita under the eaves
nokisaki edge of the eaves, house
frontage
nokinami row of houses; all round,
349
0979-0980
Е 7-3
1 —
across the board
M 1|IIJ ]
О distribute, apportion, allot, allocate
SBJS haitatsu delivery
lE&n haikyu distribution, supply; rationing
1ЕФ haihon distribution of books
lE'fcj" haifu distribution, apportionment
lES'T^) haitosuru allot
IE® haiyaku cast (of a play)
5^ IE bunpai division, distribution, allotment
£jx|E kobai slope, incline; gradient
0 match, put in order, arrange
1ЕЙ haichi arrangement; posting (of troops)
lE'a haigo combination, distribution, ar-
rangement; harmony
lE^IJ hairetsu arrangement, disposition
lEfe haishoku color arrangement [scheme]
ftx|E'3~-S anbaisuru arrange, distribute;
adjust
© match [join] in marriage, get married
lEffiW haigusha spouse, mate
0 concern oneself with (a person's welfare), be
concerned about
IE Ж hairyo consideration, care, concern
>L?SE shinpai anxiety, concern, worry, uneasi-
ness; good offices
fWjIE kohai your trouble, your good offices
=FIE tehai arrangement, preparation; search
instruction (by police)
© place under, subordinate
Ъ shihaisuru control, manage, gov-
ern
0 used phonetically for hai
Ж IE kehai sign, indication
[kunI
[kubaru IE<5 ] distribute, apportion, allot,
allocate
Ь V >У& IE Ъ toranpu о kubaru deal
cards
► POUR WINE
SHAKU ku(mu)
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] pour [serve] wine or sake,
fill a person's cup; drink wine
Rl® shakufu barmaid, waitress
WjRl banshaku evening drink
^R] tejaku self-service in sake drinking
[KUN]
[kumu RjtjJ drink, have a drink
sake о kumikawasu drink
together, help one another to sake
IHOMQPHONESI
kumu SC =>®265
pA
0983
В1-7-3
► SE
se une Щ aze
	Joyo	S10-5-5	K3206
102	D2501	®1465	U755D
[KUN]
[se РЙ1 se, are: unit of sq. measure equiv. to
approx. 0.99 ares or 30 bu (Ф), used esp. for
measuring fields or farms
jisse approx. Wares
0981-0983
350
7-4 (J
[une дХ] [original meaning] ridge, furrow
ЙХ'Ж unemizo furrow ridges
0984
В1-7-3
► COUNTY
GUN koriT [Ц kuni
15	Joyo-4	S10-3-7	K2320
163	C1056	®1466	U90E1
ICOMPOUNDSI
*7			?		%	%	r	
0 county (of a Japanese prefecture or U.S.
state), district, subprefecture
0 suffix after names of counties
a 1$ дК gunbu counties; rural districts
gunsei county system
8|5Ж gunken counties and prefectures
b	mydzaigun Myozai District
[INDEPENDENT!
[gun	county, district
El-7-3
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-8-3: at 1100
К	► VISIT HO otozu(reru) tazu(neru)			
0985	I—r	Jdyd-6	S11-7-4	K4312
£1-7-4	149	B0502	®1468	U8A2A
[COMPOUNDS!
0 visit, call on
0 visit, call
а 1Й|п] homon visit
8Й В honichi visiting Japan, visit to Japan
1ЙЖ hobei visit to the United States
hokyaku visitor
raihosuru visit, call	’
b ESfij rekiho round of calls
[KUN]	_
[otozureru visit, call on, pay a visit g
otozure visit, call; advent, arrival ~
УЙ& =йbydin о otozureru visit at a
hospital
[tazuneru	visit, call on, pay a visit
A A	yujin о tazuneru call on a
friend	8
IHOMOPHONESI
tazuneru # inquire =>1498
I
Й
5
► PERMIT
KYO yuru(su) Щ ко
0986	1—1	Jdyd-5	S11-7-4	K2186
E1-7-4	149	B0760	®1470	U8A31
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] permit, allow, approve,
sanction
0 permission, license, authorization
a f2!* nJ kyoka permission, approval, authoriza-
tion
kyoydsuru tolerate, allow, permit
kyodakusuru consent, approve,
permit
b 'faff menkyo license, permit
tokkyo patent; special permission; con-
cession
[ *№ M >
[KUN]
[yurusu
O0 permit, allow, approve
0 license, authorize
a W L yurushi permission
kekkon о yurusu give permis-
sion to marry
[W 0 Й10 jikan no yurusu kagiri as
long as time allows
b	kaigyo о yurusu license to
practice (law)
351
0984-0986
Е 7-4
1 О 0 forgive, pardon, excuse
0 exempt, exonerate, excuse from
a	kashitsu о yurusu forgive (a
person) for his [her] fault
* b	0 L T $ H Sore bakari
g	wa oyurushi kudasai Please let me be
excused from that
* ^rti ►SETUP 7	SETSU mo(keru) к PX 		
$ 0987 в Joyo-5	S11-7-4 K3263
g D1-7-4	149 A0139	®1471 U8A2D
*!' r 1 I- g	1	2	3	4	5 isZisXi Я ICOMPOUNDSl	n in	|u 6	7	8	9
O0 (assemble and/or erect) set up, install, erect,
construct
0 (found) set up (as an institution), establish,
found
a Bxffi setsubi equipment, facilities
^Ix kensetsu construction, building, erec-
tion
ШМх'Т%) maisetsusuru put [lay] under-
ground
Jfilx shisetsu equipment, facilities; institution,
establishment
b	setsuritsu suru establish, found,
setup
MxnS't-Ъ setchisuru establish, found, set up
1хлЕ settei establishment, creation, fixation,
setting up
BUlx kaisetsu establishment, inauguration
Mix sosetsu establishment, founding
ЗФВх'^Г'Ь tokusetsu suru set up specially
SxlxO shisetsu no private
0 (put forth) set UP (plans), pose (a question)
Bxnt sekkei design, plan
Scfnl'T'b setsumon suru pose a question
[KUN]
[mokeru Ix('t^)] set up, establish, found
Их moke preparation, provision; establish-
ment
kojo о mokeru set up a fac-
tory
►LITIGATE zl/^Л sho	
0988 IS Joyo	S11-7-4 K3057
n 1-7-4	149 C1036	®1472 U8A1F
]	]	]	 [Г	[ 1	2	3	4	5 IEE ICOMPOUNDSl	П in In In 6	7	8	9
0 litigate, bring a case to court, sue
ЙК shdmubu Litigation Department (of
the Ministry of Justice)
sosho lawsuit, litigation
iR
0989
E1-7-4
► TRANSLATE
► SENSE
YAKU wake
И	Jdyo-6	S11-7-4	K4485
149	B0895	01473	U8A33
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] translate, interpret,
render
0 [also suffix] translation, rendering, version,
interpretation
a BRW yakusha translator
tsuyaku interpreting; interpreter
fflIR hon’yaku translation, rendering
b BIR chokuyaku literal translation
shin'yaku new translation
wabun-eiyaku Japanese-English
translation
0 ФВд IR nihongoyaku Japanese transla-
tion [version]
[INDEPENDENT!
[yaku IRJ translation, rendering
umaiyaku good translation
[yakusu fiRT ] TRANSLATE
0987-0989
352
|R I/ ItV * yakushigatai difficult to translate
[KUN]
[wake SR]
О sense, meaning
SR 0 ib fa t& V Ж wake no wakaranai
kotoba words that make no sense,
meaningless words
0 (good) sense, reason
SR 0 5^ fa Z> tz. К wake no wakatta hito
sensible man
0 reason, cause, ground(s)
IR t) wake mo naku without reason,
without cause
W^SR iiwake apology, excuse, explanation
Ф L8R mdshiwake excuse, apology, expla-
nation
/ЧЛ. ►DESIRE
YOKU hos(suru) ho(shii)
0990	%. рбуб-б| S11-4-7 K4563
E1-7-4	76 B0890 ®1475 U6B32
7-4 E
,	---------------------------------- 1
[independent!
[yoku desire, craving; avarice, greed
yoku no dorei slave to avarice
И '	8
[hossuru desire, wish, want, crave я
for
^Ffil & Ъ heiwa о hossuru desire [wish z'
for] peace	J
[hoshii	want, desire, wish for
hoshigaru desire, want, wish for,
covet	$
Kite hoshiku nai I	don't	g
want you to come	”
0991	► BE DEFEATED HAI yabu(reru)			
	ic.	Jdyd-4	S11-4-7	K3952
El-7-4	66	A0280	®1476	U6557
				
|) |n |n		In	0 1	1 1 F Г	
[ ‘И # W * »
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] desire, craving; avarice,
greed
© desire, wish, want, crave for
a yokujo sexual desire, craving, passion
yokufuka (=yokubuka) greed, avarice;
miser, greedy person
yokubukai greed, avaricious
ty yokubari greed; greedy
shokuyoku appetite (for food)
butsuyoku worldly desires
seiyoku sexual desire, lust
iyoku volition, will, desire
ЙВЖ chishikiyoku intellectual thirst
b yokunen desire, wish; passion
уоккуй want(s), desire, wish
ЖИ yokubo desire, craving
don'yoku greed, avarice
123456789
О
ICOMPOUNDSl
О BE defeated, lose
Ш t haiboku defeat, setback
ЙСЖ haigun defeated army
haisen lost battle, defeat
WS& shohai victory or defeat
©fail
shippai failure, mistake
ДЙЙС seihai success or failure
seibai punishment
© spoil, rot, be ruined
ЙЙ'Т%) fuhaisuru rot, decay; become cor-
rupt
[kun]
[yabureru	be defeated, be beaten,
lose
ВЙЖ	shiainiyabureru lose a
game
IHOMQPHONESI
yabureru BREAK =>0784
353
0990-0991
В 7-4
1
§
Я
$
8
$
S
?
5
=£
я
И
0992	► ENGAGE IN SALES HAN			
	Д	Joyo	S11-7-4	K4046
E1-7-4	154	B0592	©1477	U8CA9
1 п |п I @ | I FF
123456789
ЖЖ!
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 ENGAGE in sales, deal in, sell, trade, market
© abbrev. of hanbai: sales
a	hanbaisuru engage in sales, sell,
market
Ж5Й hanro market, outlet
ЖЖ shihan marketing
WJ® saihan resale
b fil Ж shinpan sales on credit
§ Ж jihan automobile sales
E1-7-4
► AMNESTY
SHA
ft	Joyo	S11-7-4	K2847
155	D1734	©1478	U8D66
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 (forgive a crime or error) amnesty, pardon,
forgive, excuse
0 amnesty, general pardon
a	shamen pardon, amnesty, clemency
dlr'fe ydsha pardon, forgiveness, mercy
b	onsha amnesty, general pardon
tokusha amnesty, special pardon
taisha amnesty, general amnesty
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-7-5: I? at 1013
E1-7-4
4;A> kS0FT
Щ't	NAN yawa(raka) yawa(rakai)
0994 Ж Joyo S11-7-4 K3880
E1-7-4	| 1591 C1331 | ©1479 U8EDF
IF In |n	П @
ICOMPOUNDSI	5	6	7	8	9
0 [original meaning] (not hard) soft
папка softening; weakening (ofthe
market)
nankotsu cartilage
jQnanna soft, pliable, flexible
kdnan hardness
[kun]
[yawaraka КьЖ]
yawarakana SbMC soft, tender
Ъ yawaraka na tsuchi soft earth
[yawarakai !1^ьЖИ]
О soft, tender
yawarakai wakaba soft
young leaf
0 gentle, meek
©кЬ/ОЖ ЙЖ yawarakaku hanasu speak
gently
IHOMOPHONESI
yawaraka S SOFT =>1325
yawarakai SOFT =>1325
► TURN
TEN koro(garu) koro(geru)
koro(gasu) koro(bu) Ц] utata
Ж	Jdyd-3	S11-7-4	K373O
159	A0362	©1480	U8EE2
0995
В1-7-4
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] turn, revolve, rotate
%) kaiten suru revolve, rotate, turn
0992-0995
354
7-4 Д
lilE //ten rotation (of the earth)
32E'3~Ъ unten suru operate, drive, run
0 turn over, roll over, tumble down, fall over
ESI'TЪ tento suru tumble, fall down; in-
vert, reverse; upset
E$?tenrakusuru fall off, tumble down
ЕЖ’З"'?) tenpukusuru overturn, turn over,
upset; overthrow
ft E A fi[J "ft Ъ shichitenhatto
(=shichitenbattd, shittenbatto) suru
toss oneself about in great pain
00 (undergo change) turn into, turn, change,
convert
0 remove, move, change, transfer
a Eft tenka change, transformation, inversion
Ей[ tenkan conversion, switchover, turn-
about
E|p] tenko turn, conversion, about-face
ЕЙ tengi figurative meaning
1£E henten change, transition
£FE koten take a turn for the better
~*E itten complete change; turn
Й!Е gyakuten reversal, turnabout, inversion;
reverse rotation
b ES'T-S tenkyosuru move, change one's
residence
E® tenshoku change of occupation
EE Ъ tenten to suru wander about;
change hands; roll
^Eftiten suru transfer, remove; move
[KUN]
[korogaru EM5] viroll over, tumble over
E^' 0 ty korogarikomu role in; fall in
one's way
[korogeru EW%] same as korogaru E^
3
korogeochiru fall off, tumble
down
[korogasu E^TJ vtroll; roll over, tumble
over
Ж^Е^'5" kuruma о korogasu drive a car
[korobu Evi tumble down, fall over
ЙЕЛ> nekorobu lie down
0996
E1-7-4
► BECOME INTOXICATED
SUI yo(u) yo(i)
	Joyo	S11-7-4	K3176
164	D1650	01483	U9154
' г л fi	S IS	S	S'	s*-
ICOMPOUNDSl
О BECOME intoxicated (with alcohol), get
drunk
Soffit suitai drunkenness, intoxication
suikan drunkard, drunken fellow
deisuishita dead-drunk
masui anesthesia
0 be intoxicated (with strong emotion), be
infatuated, be fascinated
tosui intoxication; fascination, rapture
[KUN]
[you № 5 ] get drunk [high], become in-
toxicated; feel sick (as from riding in a vehi-
cle)
SWA? yopparau get drunk
yopparai drunkard, boozer
[yoi К* И ] [also suffix] drunkenness, intoxica-
tion; motion sickness
X 0 futsukayoi hangover, morning
after
SnSft funayoi seasickness
norimonoyoi motion sickness
0997
E1-7-4
► ELUCIDATE
SHAKU [Ц seki
*	Joyo	S11-7-4	K2865
165	Cl 193	01484	U91C8
!ГЖ|
10 11
ICOMPOUNDSl
§
I
$
s
$
g
s
Ф
я
О elucidate, explain, interpret, explicate
355
0996-0997
Е 7-4
§
1
$
s
I
1WSR kaishaku interpretation, explanation
chushaku annotation, note, comment
eshakusuru salute, greet, bow
slightly
О release, free
SRift shakuho release, liberation, discharge,
acquittal
{ЖТ'b hoshakusuru bail, let (a prisoner)
out on bail
© Sakyamuni, Buddha
SRST shaka Sakyamuni, Gautama
SR ft shakuten Buddhist literature, Buddhist
sutras
’-if
£ 0998
n E1-7-4
-&•	10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
► FIELD
YA no no- Ю nd nu
s 166	Joyo-2	S11-7-4	K4478
	A0105	®1485	U91CE
O0 [original meaning] (uncultivated) field,
open country, wilderness
© cultivated field
a if yagai field, fields, open air
^Pif heiya plain(s), open field
RKif gen'ya vast plain, wilderness, field
ТтъВ? kdya wilderness, the wilds, wasteland
b if Ж yasai vegetables, greens
© (sphere of action) field, range, area
5f if bun'ya field, sphere, area
®if shiya field of vision; one’s mental hori-
zon
^Jtif shoshaya irradiation field (of x rays)
© baseball field
if уакуй baseball
ft if naiya infield
^fif gaiya outfield; outsiders
00 (growing or occurring in the field) wild, un-
domesticated, savage
© rustic, unrefined, coarse, vulgar, savage
a if yaken stray dog
if Ш yacho wild fowl, wild bird
if tt yasei wild nature, uncouthness
if IK yaju wild animal, wild game
b iflSZi yabanna savage, barbarous, uncivi-
lized
if® yashu charms ofthe countryside, rural
beauty
if IB ft yabona unrefined, rustic, boorish
ffiifZi soyana rustic, rude, vulgar
© nongovernmental, (party or people) outside
the government
if jS yato opposition party
®]if choya government and people
ft if 0 zaiya no out of office [power], in op-
position
© audacious, inordinate
if'L? yashin ambition, inordinate aspiration
if H yabd ambition, designs, treason
[KUN]
[no if] [also suffix] (uncultivated) field, open
country, plain
no no hana wildflowers
if 1Ж nohara field, plain
if nora the fields
ti^lif kareno desolate [dreary] field
BtlBcif musashino Musashi Plain
[no- if-] [also prefix] wild, undomesticated
if Ж nogiku wild chrysanthemum; aster
if^x nousagi hare
if®x^x nobudd wild grape
0999
El-7-4
► OBLIQUE
SHA nana(me)
S|-	Joyo	S11-4-7	K2848
68	C1561	®1486	U659C
	£		£		£
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [also prefix] [original meaning] oblique, di-
agonal, slanting, inclined, sloping, leaning,
tilting
shasen oblique line, slanting line, slash
0998-0999
356
7-4 [|
— 1
mark
Й-® shamen slope, slanting surface
shaei slanting shadow
shakakko traversing (in skiing)
shatdei oblique projection
fit M keisha inclination, slant, tilt
Мйз pisanoshatd Leaning Tower of
Pisa
[KUN]
[naname [also prefix] OBLiQUEness,
slant, inclination
naname na oblique, diagonal, slant-
ing; displeased, cross
nanameoryoku oblique stress
1000
E1-7-4
► SHELL
KAKU kara gara
2	Joyo	S11-4-7	K1944
79	DI 804	@1490	U6BBB

ICOMPOUNDSI
• shell (of any kind), crust
RP ®Ж kdkakurui Crustacea
ЙЙ® chikaku crust (of the earth)
Я® rankaku eggshell
[KUN]
[kara ®]
O0 SHELL, crust
© husk, hull
a ® ffl ofT kara о tozasu retire into one's
shell, close up like an oyster
@P(7)® tamagonokara eggshell
Д® kaigara shell
b S® mamegara bean husk
© castoff skin, refuse
IMj*® nukegara castoff skin; mere shadow
of one's true self
[gara ®] cinders, ashes
'Й&Л® moegara cinders
S^® sekitangara coal cinders
®H® suigara cigarette butt
IHOMOPHONESI
kara S sky =>1418
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ® cereal =>1186
1001	► CUTOFF ► RESOLVE DAN ta(tsu) kotowa(ru)			
	JT	Jdyd-5	S11-4-7	K3539
El-7-4	69	A0360	@1492	U65AD
шиз ;<p пж па -на- ten	ж зя. W ]
V I»	|
...12	3.....4....5....6	7 "в 9
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] (detach by severing) cut
off, sever, cut apart
© cut across, go through
a BfH* danpen fragment, piece
danmen (cross) section, profile
dantddai guillotine
dansaiki paper cutter
setsudan suru cut (off), sever
b odan crossing, traversing
©0 (cause to discontinue) cut off (the water
supply), sever (a connection), break off
(relations), discontinue
© abstain from, give up
a danzetsu severance, rupture; discon-
tinuation
®T5C dankd severing [breaking off] relations
danzokutekini intermittently, off
and on
®fzK dansui suspension of water supply
chudansuru interrupt, discontinue,
suspend
shadan interception, interruption,
blockade, isolation
ffll®T yudan negligence, carelessness, inat-
tentiveness
b ®f ft danjiki fasting
IW^ dannen abandonment, relinquishment
kindan no konomi the for-
bidden fruit
© (make a firm decision or judgment) resolve,
decide, conclude
357
1000-1001
В 7-4
1 -------------------------------------------------
1	©Г ЙЕ dantei decision, conclusion
©Г s' dangen (positive) assertion, declaration
danzai judgment of a crime
s ЙчЮг ketsudan decision, determination, reso-
n	lution
g	И©Т handan judgment, decision
B	t^©T shindan diagnosis
zs	“Г'Вт yodan prediction, foregone conclusion
0 resolutely, decisively, absolutely
□ ©rHZt-b dankotaru firm, conclusive, de-
termined
$	l^ffrTЪ danko suru carry out resolutely
nt PO danzen resolutely, decisively
[INDEPENDENT!
? [danzuru (=danjiru) ^T6(=WtI^<5)]
g	conclude; judge
©f CT danjite decidedly, absolutely
[KUN]
Я [tatsu ®тo ] (detach by severing) CUT OFF,
[£ sever, cut apart
©f'tbW'b tachikiru cut off, disconnect
[kotowaru Ют <5 J refuse, reject, decline; give
ж notice beforehand, call attention to
IfL ©T 0 kotowari refusal, declining; prohibition;
< notice, warning; permission; excuse,
apology
Ф	mdshide о kotowaru turn
down an offer
[HOMOPHONES]
tatsu
BREAK OFF =>0917
Й CUTOUT =>2076
1002
E1-7-4
► TEACH
► RELIGION
KYO oshi(eru) oso(waru) [Ц nori
michi kazu taka
in	Joyo-2	S11-4-7	K2221
66	A0155	@1493	U6559
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] teach, instruct, educate
SW kydiku education, teaching
Ъ kyojusuru teach, instruct, give les-
sons
SB® kyoshi teacher, instructor
ISJt kyoin teacher, teaching staff
kyoshitsu classroom, class
S Л kydyd culture, education, cultivation
kyoka school subject; course of study,
curriculum
kyozai teaching materials [aids]
IR8H kyokun lesson, precept, teachings
bunkyo education, culture
00 religion, religious teachings, religious
sect
0 suffix after names of religions
a kyokai church
kyoso founder of a religion, head of a
sect
shukyo religion, faith, creed
junkyo martyrdom
fukyosuru propagate (a religion)
b bukkyo Buddhism
4г1 J X bS kirisutokyo Christianity
yudayakyo Judaism
X X?AS isuramukyo Islam
[kun]
[oshieru	teach, instruct, educate;
tell, show, inform
oshie teaching, education; lesson; teach-
ings, religious teachings
oshiekomu inculcate, instill, train
oshiego one's (former) pupil
[osowaru	be taught, learn, take
lessons in, receive lessons
eigoоosowaru betaught
English
► SAVE
KYU suku(u)
5c.	Joyo-4	S11-4-7	K2163
66	B0930	01497	U6551
1003
E1-7-4
10
1002-1003
358
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] save, rescue, deliver, help
ЙЙЖЪ kyusaisuru relieve, help, save, de-
liver
kyumei lifesaving
ЙШ kyushutsu rescue, relief, deliverance
kyuseishu the Savior, the Messiah
куйеп relief, rescue, help
ЙЙ kyujo rescue, relief
куйпап rescue, salvage
kyukyusha ambulance
[KUN]
[sukuu Й O ] save, rescue, deliver, help,
relieve
sukui rescue, relief, help,salvation
Й И Ж Ж sukuidasu help out, rescue from
ЙН2Ё sukuinushi rescuer, Savior
В1-7-4
дЖ
1004
El-7-5
incorrect stroke-count
=>see El-8-4: Ж at 1112
► RECITE POETRY
El yo(mu) Ц] uta naga
1—r	Joyo	S12-7-5	K1751
149	D1971	@1500	U8A60
? ;n -° P P J
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
йМЖ
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] recite poetry, chant, sing
ШКРеэ eisho chanting; aria
gin'ei reciting [chanting] a poem; poem
ЙИЖ rdei reciting, chanting
О write poetry, compose waka or haiku
eika composing poetry; Buddhist hymn
[KUN]
[yomu fzkt?] compose (waka or haiku po-
ems)
®к<7^ЛЙ1 б'Т yomibito-shirazu waka-
composer unknown; author unknown
wakaoyomu compose a waka
[HOMOPHONES]
7-5 E
— 1
yomu Й7С READ =>1038
1111П	► COMMENT HYO						В Й
1005	и	Jdyd-5	S12-7-5			K4130	n
В1-7-5	149	A0485	®1501			U8A55	t
1	2	3 5 |6r'“|u‘	Й	| Г vi 5	E		>	7		lb I. i 'V'B i :1 I.	s
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 comment, criticize, review
0 [also suffix] comment, criticism
a Wtffl hydron comment, criticism, review
BWO hydban fame, reputation
WSR hyoshaku annotation, commentary
hyosha critic, reviewer
днвВ¥ ronpyo comment, criticism, review
hihyosuru criticize, comment
b kohyo favorable criticism [comment],
public favor
teihyo established reputation
HrW shohyo book reviews
T® gebahyo gossip, advance rumor
eigahyo film review
0 evaluate, appraise, judge, decide by consul-
tation
и¥Л hyoka evaluation, appraisal
hyoten examination marks, rating
ЙЕ hyotei rating, evaluation
б¥ВЙ hyogi conference, consultation
ЙЕ hyojo conference, consultation
hydketsu decision, verdict
[INDEPENDENT!
[hyo WJ comment, criticism; reputation
0 okata no hyo de wa accord-
ing to public opinion
359
1004-1005
В7-5
			► SWINDLE SA			
p	1006		1=1	Joyo	SI 2-7-5	K2630
1	E1-7-5		149	D1777	®1502	U8A50
						
s				I г [	a-	на/н	
$ Й	1	2 6116 Г 10	11	3 1:		5	6	7	8	9
	ICOMPOUNDSI					
1008
E1-7-5
► EXAMINE A PATIENT
SHIN mi(ru)
1—r	Joyo	512-7-5	K3139
149	C1030	®1504	U8A3A
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 swindle, defraud, falsify, deceive; feign,
pretend
sagi swindle, fraud
B^MX sashu fraud, swindle
sasho misrepresentation, false state-
ment
ВЙ]
1007
E1-7-5
► WORDS
SHI Ц] nori
1—।	Jdyd-6	S12-7-5	K2776
149	C1558	<8)1503	U8A5E
IcompoundsI
0 words, wording, lyrics, expressions
© [also suffix] part of speech
a s^p^ kashi words [lyrics] of a song
shukushi congratulations
Kp^J shoshi (words of) praise, eulogy
Ш seishi oath, pledge
sakushi writing lyrics
b nnp^J hinshi part of speech
ЙМЁ) ddshi verb
£§*] meishi noun
ЙЕнЗрИ teikanshi definite article
йЙЙрМ! zenchishi preposition
ISPECIAL READINGS]
norito Shinto ritual prayer
0 examine a patient, diagnose
ШЖ'З-Ъ shinsatsu suru examine (a patient)
B^^ shinryd diagnosis and treatment
shinryojo clinic
shindan diagnosis
choshinki stethoscope
t^p^ kenshin medical examination
Qioshin doctor's visit to a patient, house
call
Ф 0 honjitsu kyushin Office Closed
Today (sign at doctor's office)
А1Й*%) dashin suru sound out, tap (a per-
son's views); examine by percussion
[kun]
[miru ^-6] EXAMINE (A PATIENT)
Ж & Ъ myaku о miru examine one's
pulse
IHOMOPHONESI
miru
Я SEE ==>1615
Ж view =>®1880
W WATCH =>(8)3220
Bin	► IMPERIAL EDICT SHO mikotonori							
1009 E1-7-5	149	Joyo		512-7-5			K3059	
		D2437		®1505			U8A54	
12	3	4 I^I^T^I [rn [un j npj 10	11	12			Г 5	6	6 7	6^ 8		^77i v 9
1006-1009
360
7-5 E
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] imperial edict, imperial
rescript
shorei imperial edict
shdchoku imperial edict
вЗШ shdsho imperial edict
ЛШ=? taisho imperial rescript [mandate]
[KUN]
[mikotonori S3] imperial edict
► PROVE
► CERTIFICATE
1010	PT	Joyo-5	S12-7-5	K3058
E1-7-5	149	A0380	®1506	U8A3C
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO [original meaning] prove, testify, bear
witness; guarantee
О proof, evidence, testimony
а ШЕВД shomei proof, evidence, verification
ШЕЖ shogen testimony, verbal evidence
ШЕЛ shonin witness, attestor
'ЙШЕЧТ^Б hoshdsuru (assume responsibility
for) guarantee, vouch for, certify
ЙШЕ jissho actual proof
b ШЕШ shdsho bond, deed; certificate
ЙЕ1Й shdko proof, evidence
kenshdsuru verify, identify; in-
spect
kakushosuru prove positively
[definitely], corroborate
©O [also suffix] certificate, card, license
0 abbrev. of ШЕ^ shaken: CERTIFICATE of
stock, securities, bond
a SE menkyosho license
зхЖШЕ kaiinsho membership card
b ЩЕ^ shoken bill, bond, securities
1011
E1-7-5
► APPEAL TO
► SUE
SO utta(eru)
PT	Joyo	512-7-5	K3342
149	A0450	®1507	U8A34
ICOMPOUNDSl
О appeal to a higher court
0 sue, litigate, take legal action
a SIS koso (intermediate) appeal
Joso suru appeal to a higher court
ь ШТдй sosho lawsuit, litigation
ISsojo written complaint
kiso prosecution, indictment, litigation
сзйЙ kokuso legal action, complaint, accusa-
tion
4a koso arraignment, prosecution
Д£®Т haiso losing a suit [case]
[KUN]
[uttaeru aftЛ6] sue, appeal to the law,
litigate
3ft Л uttae lawsuit, action, appeal, complaint
KA^Iftx.^ rinjin о uttaeru sue one's
neighbor
Д?
1012
E1-7-5
► LAY UP
CHO
	Joyo-4	S12-7-5	K3589
154	C1064	®1509	U8CAF
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] lay up (money or supplies),
lay by, save, store up, lay in, stock
Дт<£ chokin savings, deposit
Дт S chochiku savings
Дт chozd suru store, preserve, set
361
1010-1012
И 7-5
1
й
s
I
в
aside
ЙТ/КЙ chosuichi reservoir
1тЙс chotan storing coal; stored coal
fMzIrsfe yochokin deposits and savings, bank
account
®йт(=®Ж,^Т^) yucho (=yubin chokin)
postal [post-office] savings [deposit]
1013
E1-7-5
► DISTANCE
KYO
£	Joyo	S12-7-5	K2187
157	C1173	01511	U8DDD
T i? S i |SI Г
[shaft]
b ЖШ tS zahyojiku coordinate axis
[INDEPENDENT!
[jiku axle, shaft; holder
ЙО jikuno axial
pen no jiku penholder
1015
В1-7-5
► LIGHT
KEI karu(i) karo(yaka)
ж	Jdyo-3	S12-7-5	K2358
159	B0826	01515	U8EFD
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 distance, range, spacing
0 be at a distance from, be apart
a sokkyogi rangefinder
b 8Ё1Й kyori distance, range; interval
014	► AXLE ► AXIS JIKU			
	ж	Joyo	S12-7-5	K2820
E1-7-5	159	C1248	01514	U8EF8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] axle, shaft, spindle
Й]$@ jikubako axle box
Ш1Й shajiku wheel axle, axle
0 [also suffix]
0 (line about which rotation occurs) axis
0 math axis
а jikusen axis, shaft line
chijiku axis ofthe earth
kaitenjiku axis of revolution
sayujiku lateral axis
shujiku principal axis; main spindle
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] [original meaning] (not heavy) light
keiryd lightweight
keiyu gas oil, light oil
keikinzoku light metals
00 (not intense) light, slight
© [also prefix] (not difficult or serious) light,
easy, simple
a keishin weak earthquake
keisho slight injury
keigensuru reduce, lighten, miti-
gate
keiben convenience, simplicity
keishoku light meal, snack
b	keirodd light labor
keihanzai minor offense
keiongaku light music
00 LiGHT-headed, frivolous, thoughtless,
rash
© (moving quickly) LiGHT-footed, nimble,
agile, simple
a keisotsuna rash, light-headed, care-
less
keihakuna insincere, frivolous, flip-
pant, fickle
b	keikaina light, nimble, quick; cheer-
ful
0 make light of, think little of
keishisuru make light of, despise;
1013-1015
362
neglect
keibetsu contempt, disdain
[KUN]
[karui ёН] (not heavy) light, lightweight;
(not intense) light, slight
® cS karusa lightness
®®	karugaru to easily
karuhazumi rashness, hastiness
migaruna light, agile, nimble
kigaruna lighthearted, cheerful;
ready
tegaruna easy, light, plain
[karoyaka
karoyaka na	light, nimble, airy
1016
E1-7-5
► VINEGAR
SAKU su
s	Joyo	S12-7-5	K3161
164	D1832	01516	U9162
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] vinegar
ЙИс sakusan acetic acid
[KUN]
[su ffF] [also suffix] vinegar
0^04^1 sunomono pickled dish
ёйй'х sudako (sliced and) pickled octopus
surydri pickled dish
® jozdsu brewed vinegar
1017
В1-7-6
► TAKE APART
► DISSOLVE
► CLARIFY
KAI GE to(ku) to(kasu) to(keru)
[Ц satoru
ft	Joyo-5	513-7-6	K1882
148	A0216	@1517	U89E3
7-6 [J
r" r :a я яя rr11
10	11	12	13	ri
ICOMPOUNDSl	g
О [original meaning] (break into component parts)	q
take apart, resolve, dissolve, separate, dis-	z'
sect	8
kaitai dismantling (a machine), scrap-	±
ping; dissolution, disorganization; dis-	"
section	gj
kaibd dissection, autopsy; analysis	д
kaizoryoku resolving power (of a	&
lens)
$?4Jf kaiseki analysis, analytical research
b bunkaisuru take apart [to pieces];
analyze, decompose; be decomposed,
break down
gakai collapse, breakup, downfall
denkal electrolysis
0 dissolve, melt, liquefy
kaito thawing, defrosting
<5 yokaisuru dissolve, liquefy; melt,
fuse
ЙОЯ? chokai deliquescence
ratft? yukai fusion, melting
hyokaisuru melt away, be cleared
[dispelled]
©0 (cause to disperse) dissolve (a meeting),
break up (an organization), dispel
0 (take away the binding power) dissolve,
cancel (a contract), release, lift (a ban)
а kaisan breakup, dispersion; dissolution
kaisosuru break up an organiza-
tion
kaiho suru release, set free
kaisho liquidation, annulment, solution
Ь kaijo removal [lifting] (of a ban), cancel-
lation; release, acquittal
kaiyaku dissolution [cancellation] of a
contract
kaikin removal of a ban; opening of the
fishing [hunting] season
00 release from office, discharge, dismiss
G (release from pain) relieve, alleviate
a Ъ kainin suru release from office,
dismiss, discharge
%) kaiko suru discharge, dismiss, fire
363
1016-1017
И 7-6
1 ------------------------------------------------
1 ь ЖШя'У gedokuzai antidote
Й?1® genetsu alleviation of fever
ЙЙ? kankai relief [remission] (of pain)
A 00 clarify, explain, elucidate, interpret
0 explanation, commentary
p а Й?1Й kaisetsu explanation, commentary
я Й?^ kaishaku interpretation, explanation
z' Й?ВД"<Г<Ь kaimeisuru explain, elucidate
8	benkai explanation, vindication, justifi-
*	cation, excuse
* ИЙ? zukai explanatory diagram, illustration
j§ b В¥Й? shokai detailed [minute] explanation,
-д	full commentary
® ЙЙ? chukai annotation, explanatory notes
00 solve, find a solution, settle
© solution, answer
a Й?'$: kaiketsu solution, settlement
kaitosuru solve, answer
Й??£ kaiho solution, key to solution
ЙЙ? wakai reconciliation, amicable settle-
ment
b ±ЕЙ? seikai right answer, correct solution
0 understand, comprehend
rikaisuru understand, compre-
hend
kenkai opinion, view
TЙ? ryokai understanding, comprehension;
consent
ВЙЙ? gokai misunderstanding, misconcep-
tion
1ЙЙ?Х£ nankai na difficult, hard to under-
stand
fukakaina incomprehensible, in-
explicable, baffling
[KUN]
[toku Й1 < ]
О undo, unfasten, unloosen, unsew
tokihanasu set free
0 solve, work out
й£хЙ?сГ nazotoki solution of a riddle
[tokasu Йт^ГJ vt melt (snow or ice), thaw
(out)
Ж^Й?#^ kori о tokasu melt ice
[tokeru
О come loose, come undone
Kutsuhimo да toketa The
shoestrings came untied
0 be solved, be resolved, be cleared
tokenaimondai insoluble
problem
0 (esp. of snow or ice) melt, thaw
ИЙ?^ yukidoke thawing of snow
IHOMOPHONESI
toku
МЙ EXPLAIN =>1042
DISSOLVE =>0478
t^X =>®964
tokasu
rai FUSE =><8)1831
DISSOLVE =>0478
£§x ==><8)1058
SSX =>®1762
Йх =>®964
tokeru
rai FUSE =>®1831
Й DISSOLVE =*0478
ЙГ =*®1058
IS" =*®1762
1018
El-7-6
►TOUCH
SHOKU fu(reru) sawa(ru)
A	Joyo	S13-7-6	K3108
148	B0915	@1518	U89E6
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 touch, contact
© perceive by Touching, feel
а sesshoku contact, touch
—ЙШПй isshokusokuhatsu touch-and-go
situation, hair-trigger crisis
ЙеЙ4 kanshoku (sense of) touch, feeling
b Й4Я shokkaku feeler, antenna
shokkaku sense of touch
MШ shokubai catalyst, catalyzer
[kun]
[fureru	touch, feel; come in con-
tact with, meet
fure proclamation, official notice; touch
Teo fureru na Hands off!
1018
364
7-6 П
@	menifureru catch the eye, at-
tract attention
n 5 fureau come in contact
fureai contact, touch
[sawaru touch, feel
M 0 sawari touch, feel; impression (of a per-
son); most impressive passage, punch
line
AJIM 0 hadazawari touch, feel
IHOMQPHONESI
sawaru К hindrance =>0504
sawari PS hindrance =^0504
1019
E1-7-6
► CORRESPOND TO
GAI
1—[	Joyo	S13-7-6	K1926
149	D1745	@1519	U8A72
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 correspond to, conform to, apply to, fall
under
© [also prefix] the said, the one in question, that
a B^ ^3 'T'b gaito suru come under, be appli-
cable to
^3 B^ togai the said, the concerned
ь В^Ж gaian the said proposal
1020
El-7-6
► ASK FOR ADVICE
JUN SHUN Ц] makoto
и	Names	S13-7-6	K7546
149	D3576	@1519.5	U8A62
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [rare] ask for advice, consult, inquire
shijunsuru consult, inquire
no
1021
El-7-6
► REPRIMAND
► STUFF
KITSU tsu(meru) tsu(me) -zu(me)
tsu(maru) tsu(mu)	A
I—у	Joyo	S13-7-6	K2145
149	B0945	@1521	U8A70
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] reprimand, reprove,
censure, rebuke
Жпд'Т'?) nankitsusuru blame, censure, re-
proach
0 question closely, press a person hard with
questions, interrogate
IBIrI'T'S kitsumonsuru cross-examine,
cross-question, question closely
[KUN]
[tsumeru Bp<£)<5] (fill by packing closely)
stuff, fill, pack into, cram; charge
IZ. Bp tibЪ bin ni tsumeru fill a bottle
[tsume ISJ STUFFing, packing, stopper
[-zume -Bn#)] [also suffix] packed in, bottled
in, boxed in
kanzume canned goods, canning;
cooping-up, confining
hakozume no packed in a case;
boxed (candies)
[tsumaru Bn£&]
O0 be STUFFed, be full, be packed
© be stopped [plugged] up, be [get]
blocked, get clogged
a ^"9 L О В"9 gisshiritsumatte
iru be crammed, be packed full
ДВр^О hanazumari nasal congestion
b & Bn b'WT’ кое о tsumarasete in a
chocked voice
0 be shortened, become shorter; contract
Bp S V tsumari in short, after all; blockade;
stuffing; ultimate
[tsumu Bat?] be packed, become fine [close]
Ei О Bp K/tz. menotsunda fine(-grained),
close
365
1019-1021
Е 7-6
1 	-----------------
IHOMOPHONESI
tsumu fit ACCUMULATE =>0835
T	►BOAST ™	KO hoko(ru) в Pv	
Д 1022 в Joyo	S13-7-6 K2456
g E1-7-6	149 | C1359	®1522 U8A87
[Ли- И»'	 1/V	 	 i /	П P V
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] boast, brag, be proud
0 exaggerate, overstate
a koji ostentation, display, showing off
Wfe koshoku proud countenance
b Ъ kocho suru exaggerate, overstate,
magnify
B?X kodai exaggeration, magnification
[kun]
[hokoru	^) ] boast, brag, take pride in,
peacock oneself
s? 0 hokori pride
И hokorashii proud
B^ 0 ffi hokorigao triumphant look
kachihokoru be triumphant
sakihokoru be in all glory
B$
1023
Б1-7-6
► SINCERITY
SEI makoto Щ masa nobu
takashi shige yoshi tomo aki
1—r	Jdyo-6	S13-7-6	K3231
149	C1077	®1523	U8AA0
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 sincerity, true heart, honesty, fidelity
seijitsu sincerity, honesty, faith
ВЙЖ se/7 sincerity, good faith
chusei faithfulness,fidelity
shisei sincerity, devotion
[KUN]
[makoto ВЖ]
О sincerity, true heart, honesty, fidelity
Mmakoto о tsukusu do with sin-
cerity
© truth, reality
ВЙ0 makotono true, genuine
makoto ni truly, really; very, extremely
ЙГ uso ka makoto ka true or false
IHOMOPHONESI
makoto
Ж REAL =><8>2225
Ж TRUE =>1337
iHf	► POETRY SHI m uta			
1024 El-7-6	t=t 149	Jdyo-3	S13-7-6	K2777
		C1198	®1524	U8A69
Ф [also suffix] [original meaning] poetry, poem,
verse
ЙЛ shijin poet
BTflW shijd poetic sentiment, poetical interest
shishu anthology of poems
iHfKlA shitekina poetic
ЖЙ jojishi epic (poem), epic poetry
[INDEPENDENT!
[shi 1$ ] poetry, poem, lines, verse, rhyme
Ixf <5 shi о tsukuru compose a poem
1025
E1-7-6
► TRY
SHI kokoro(miru) tame(su)
и	Joyo-4	S13-7-6	K2778
149	A0395	01525	U8A66
1022-1025
366
.. 10	11	12	13
[COMPOUNDS]
O0 [original meaning] (attempt to do) try, at-
tempt
0 (test the quality of) TRY, test, sample
а МЖ shian tentative plan, draft
BSf^ shisaku trial manufacture
fit^£”3“Ъ shisan suru make a trial calculation
BS shisha preview, private showing
BiffSe® shikd-sakugo trial and error
b ВЙ it shishoku sampling (of food)
shiken test, examination
shiren trial, test, probation
till!£ shiunten test run
0 abbrev. of fi^ shiken. examination, school
test
AIS nyushi entrance examination
0 used phonetically for shi
IS □* shiai match, game
[kun]
[kokoromiru BS<A<5J try, attempt, test
ISA kokoromi trial, attempt, test
ЙЖ & IS'A'b teiko о kokoromiru offer
[put up] resistance
[tamesu 1ST J try, test, experiment
IS L tameshi trial, test, try
Й ^rfST chikara о tamesu try one's
strength
1026
El-7-6
► DETAILED
SHO kuwa(shii) ® yoshi
	Joyo	S13-7-6	K3060
149	C1260	®1526	U8A73
• detailed, minute, full
shosai details, particulars
7-6 П
—	------------------------------------1
§¥?§/£ shdmitsuna minute, detailed, elabo- '
rate
[KUN]
[kuwashii B¥ И] detailed, minute; com- a
plete, full
n¥L$ kuwashisa detailedness; complete-	6
ness; knowledge	g
L V ^Вё kuwashiihanashi detailed ас-
count	E
	► SPEAK	*					
В 1C El-	|	wa nana(su) nanasni					H в
	127 -7-6	149	Jdyd-2	S13-7-6	K4735	
			A0125	®1527	U8A71	
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] speak, talk, converse
0 conversation, speech, talk
a washa speaker, narrator
^Вё kaiwa conversation
taiwa dialogue, conversation
ЖВЙ denwa telephone; phone call
pj/<BS danwa talk, conversation
b !ё!1 wadai topic [subject] of conversation
ШВё sewa help, aid, good offices; care; eve-
ryday affairs
fMJBS'AHl kanwakyudai to return to the sub-
ject
0 story, tale, fable
WBS shinwa myth, mythology
ЖВё dowa nursery tale, fairy tale
KBS minwa folk tale, folk story
jitsuwa true story
Wnf sowa anecdote
[KUN]
[hanasu BST J speak, talk; tell
Вё Ь д’ O hanashiau discuss, talk over, con-
sult with
IS L н hanashigoe voice; whisper
Bit Ll! Ж hanashikotoba spoken language
ВёЬ]А£? hanashikomu have a long talk
367
1026-1027
Е 7-6
(with)
jijoohanasu explain the situa-
tion
* [hanashi gS] [also suffix] talk, conversation,
™ speech;chat
p nS 0 ® hanashi no tane topic of conversa-
a	tion
z'	waraibanashi funny [humorous]
g	story
TagS mukashibanashi legend, old tale
Й	incorrect stroke-count
йХЛ:	=>seeE 1-7-8: В at 1062
EI1-7-6
1028
E1-7-6
► BRIBE
WAI makana(u)
ж	Joyo	S13-7-6	K4737
154	Cl 141	®1529	U8CC4
ICOMPOUNDSl
• BRIBE
ЯЙЙ8Х wairo bribe, bribery
ЧХЙЙ shuwai acceptance of a bribe, corrup-
tion
ДвйЙ'Т'?) zdwaisuru bribe, corrupt
zoshuwai corruption, bribery
[kun]
[makanau 1Й d ] provide meals [board],
cater
makanai board, meals; boarding, cater-
ing; cook
makanaifu female cook
1029
E1-7-6
► BANDIT
ZOKU
я	Joyo	S13-7-6	K3417
154	D2127	®1530	U8CCA
П fl fl IB £ £
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 bandit, robber, pirate, thief
0 rebel, traitor, insurgent
a zokuto bandit, robber; rebels, traitors
tdzoku thief, robber, bandit
kaizoku pirate
sanzoku bandit, mountain robber
hizoku bandit
b 1ЙЖ zokugun insurgents, rebel army
gyakuzoku rebel, traitor, insurgent
ИЙЙ kokuzoku traitor (to the country)
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЦхЙ!сА ika squid, cuttlefish
[note]
★do not confuse with К INSTALLMENT =>1064
1030
В1-7-6
► JUMP
CHO ha(neru) to(bu) -to(bi)
£	Joyo	513-7-6	K3623
157	C1407	®1532	U8DF3
V I? I? $ ft |ft I
4	5	6	7	8	9
».MJtM
ICOMPOUNDSl
12
0 [original meaning] jump, leap, spring
Ъ choyaku suru jump, leap, spring
choba long horse (vault)
[kun]
[haneru №6]
0 leap, spring, jump, hop
0 bound, rebound, recoil
a g^-Ь haneokiru jump up, spring up
b	tobihaneru jump up and down,
hop
Ъ hanekaeru rebound, bounce; (of
the market) recover
[tobu jump, leap, spring
nawatobi rope skipping, rope
1028-1030
368
7-6 Д
jumping
[-tobi [also suffix] jump
botakatobi pole vault [jump]
IHOMOPHONESI
haneru ЙГ =>®734
tobu
Ж FLY =>2222
SOAR =>0918
ss
1031
E1-7-6
► ROAD
RO -ji michi’ El oji
ж	Jdyd-3	S13-7-6	K4709
157	A0492	®1533	U8DEF
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] road, route, way
rojd on the road, road
5Й® romen road surface
ES® rosen route, way, line
БЙЙЁ roji alley, lane
doro road, street, way
kuro air route, airway
senro (railway) line, track
tsuro passage, pathway, alley, aisle
Ж5Й akuro bad road
kassdro runway
0 elec circuit, wire
kairo (electric) circuit
[KUN]
t"ji -5SJ way (to), route—often used as suffix
after names of provinces in old Japan
ЙЖ tabiji journey
iseji way to Ise
Eomophonesi
michi Ж WAY =>2000
1032
E1-7-6
► TRACE
SEKI ato
£	Joyo	S13-7-6	K3255
157	B0975	®1534	U8DE1
1
I’ jn М2 ?5? I rjj
123456789
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (mark left by something) trace(s), track,
mark, footprint, trail
0 (sign of former presence) traces, ruins,
remains
a JSBF sokuseki footprint, footmark; the course
of one's life, one's achievements
illSF tsuiseki pursuit, chase, follow-up
kiseki locus; tracks
ffiSf koseki wake, track; flight path, vapor
trail
ASF jinseki human traces
ISM hisseki handwriting, holograph
b 'A№ iseki ruins, remains
5ЁЙ shiseki historic spot [remains]
"irSF koseki historic remains, ruins
0 sign, indication, phenomenon
WSf kiseki miracle, wonder
П
I
в
I
S
a
[KUN]
[ato SFJ
0 (mark left by something) trace(s), track, mark,
footprint, trail, sign
0 (sign of former presence) ruins, remains, af-
termath
a №№ Ж ‘C atokata mo naku without
leaving any trace
kizuato scar, cicatrix
aeLI® ashiato footprint, footmark
b И'йЖчГ-Ь atoshimatsu suru settle, take
remedial measures
shiroato ruins of a castle
[homophones]
ato AFTER =>0267
369
1031-1032
Е 7-6
1
Й
0
1033
В1-7-6
► IMPLEMENT
SEN
	Joyo	S13-7-6	K3309
157	D1711	®1535	U8DF5
BSM rakuno dairy farming
rakundka dairy farmer, dairyman
rakuseihin dairy products
BSBt rakusan butyric acid
?LBS nyuraku dairy products
ФВЙ дуйгаки butter
v 5 !? '5 ГГ
10	11	12	13
g ICOMPOUNDSI
g * (give practical effect to and ensure actual fulfill-
k 4 ment) implement, carry through, put in
practice, carry out
Ъ jissen suru put in practice, imple-
ment
a	rl ► RECIPROCATE 4 SHU			
1036 w E1-7-6	164		Joyo	S13-7-6	K2923
		C1581	®1539	U916C
Г L S @	fi П i”ii 2	3	4	5 tl St Stl		3	| |I 6 7 8 9	
10	11	12	13 ICOMPOUNDSI 0 reciprocate, requite, recompense; re-				
► COMPARE
KAKU
ж	Joyo	S13-7-6	K1951
159	C1191	®1536	U8F03
1034
E1-7-6

spond
0 remuneration, reward
а ЙлЙИ bshu response, reply; exchange
b StiSN hoshu remuneration, reward; pay
incorrect stroke-count
РГГ =>see El-7-7: g at 1047
В1-7-6
ICOMPOUNDSI
• COMPARE
tkzt kakusa (=kosa) range
hikakusuru compare with, draw a
comparison
1035
E1-7-6
► DAIRY PRODUCTS
RAKU
if	Joyo	SI 3-7-6	K4579
164	D1981	®1538	U916A
ICOMPOUNDSI
• DAIRY PRODUCTS
1037
E1-7-6
► GROUP
GUN mu(reru) mu(re) mura
mura(garu)
¥	Joyd-5	S13-6-7	K2318
123	B0988	®154O	U7FA4
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] group (of any kind), crowd, flock,
cluster, swarm
gunshu crowd of people, multitude
gunzo art group
gyogun school offish
W О ¥• ichigun no hitsuji flock of sheep
batsugunno preeminent,
1033-1037
370
outstanding
shiingun consonant cluster
ryuseigun meteoric swarm
0 form a group, duster
gunseisuru grow gregariously [in
crowds]
gunshu crowd, mob; forming a large
group (of people)
[INDEPENDENT!
[gun l¥] group, crowd
gunonashite in a group, in
crowds, in swarms
[KUN]
[mureru ffif crowd together, throng,
flock together, swarm
hitoga mureru be crowded
with people
[mure Wtl] group, crowd,flock, swarm,
herd
mure о nasu form groups
О S tl hitsuji no mure flock of sheep
[mura l¥] [in compounds] group, crowd,
flock
murasuzume flock of sparrows
[muragaru Sfr^5] crowd together, throng,
flock together, swarm
hachiда muragaru be
swarmed with bees
[HOMOPHONES!
mura Жх =>®2621
muragaru Жх =>®2621
► READ
DOKU TOKU TO yo(mu) -yo(mi)
t=3	Jdyd-2	S14-7-7	K3841
149	B0597	®1541	U8AAD
1038
E1-7-7
10	11	12	13	14
[COMPOUNDS!
0 READ
© read (aloud), recite, chant
7-7 E
------------------------------------------ q
dokusha reader, subscriber	1
пЙФ tokuhon reader, reading book
dokusho reading a book, reading
dokkairyoku ability to read and un- a
derstand	p
aidokusho one's favorite book	g
jukudoku careful reading
b rddoku reading aloud	®
в"ondoku suru read aloud
[И	g
[yomu Bit?] READ
n&fy' yomi reading; reading (of Chinese char- “
acters); judgment, foresight, insight
yomimono reading matter, book
yomikata way of reading; reading (of
a Chinese character)
tachiyomi browsing (in a book-
store)
[-yomi -1Й<&] [suffix] READing (of Chinese
characters)
jObakoyomi reading of a com-
pound in which on and kun are mixed (in
that order)
yutoyomi reading of a com-
pound in which kun and on are mixed (in
that order)
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ВяЖ dokyd sutra chanting
[HOMOPHONES]
yomu RECITE POETRY => 1004
1039
В1-7-7
► MISTAKE
GO ayama(ru) -ayama(ru)
149	Joyo-6	S14-7-7	K2477
	C1096	®1542	U8AA4
[COMPOUNDS!
0 mistake, err, make a mistake
© [also prefix] мбтакеп, mis-, incorrect, wrong
0 mistake, error
а ВЯЯ? gokai misunderstanding,
371
1038-1039
Ц7-7
1 --------:-------:------------------------
1	misconception
b Ш2? goji wrong character, misprint
goho misinformation, incorrect report
- ЖЖ gosan miscalculation; misjudgment
6	gosha error in copying
I ШёсЖ gotoka accidental bombing
□ t^BJx gobyu mistake, error, fallacy
gosa error, aberration
$ с ртИЯИЁ'З" gomakasu deceive, cheat; evade;
pretend
”	sakugo mistake, error
IE Ж seigo correction of errors
[KUN]
[ayamaru п*Я <5 J mistake, make a mistake,
err
t§ 0 ayamari mistake, error, slip
p§O~C ayamatte by mistake, accidentally
[-ayamaru -t§ Ъ ] [verbal suffix] make a mis-
take in performing an action
Ж iiayamaru mistake, make a mis-
take in speaking
miayamaru fail to recognize [see],
mistake
IHOMOPHONESI
ayamaru
ЯГ =>®1631
St THANK =>1079
1040
E1-7-7
►LANGUAGE
► WORD
► TELL
GO kata(ru) kata(rau)
	Joyo-2	S14-7-7	K2476
149	A0289	@1543	U8A9E
123456789
tits. ts.
О [p jrn [ОП. ,OOj
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] language, speech
0 suffix for forming names of languages
a tn gogaku language study, linguistics
Mtn gengo language, speech, words
at§ kokugo national language; Japanese
bungo literary [written] language
keigo honorific language, polite speech
hydjungo standard language
[speech]
^kStn gaikokugo foreign language
b 30 о eigo English
H*t§ nihongo Japanese
0 [also suffix] word, term, phrase
tn Ж goi meaning of a word
to goku words and phrases
tn^HT goi vocabulary
Ж tn tango word
Ж tn yogo terminology; diction, wording; vo-
cabulary
ЕЁ tn shugo subject (word)
Stfrtn ryukogo word [phrase] in fashion,
word [phrase] on everybody's lips
© [original meaning] talk, speak
tnM goki manner of speaking
tn pjp] gochb tone (of voice), note, accent
?At§ shigo secret talk, whispering
О tale, story, narrative, legend
rakugo rakugo, Japanese-style comic
story
[INDEPENDENT!
[go tn J word, term; speech, manner of
speaking
tnOis^ gonoimi meaning of a word
[kun]
[kataru tn 6]
0 (express in words) tell, talk, speak
© tell (a story), narrate, relate
a M^^tn shinjitsu o kataru speak the
truth
b to t) Ф katarite narrator, storyteller
tn 0 fax.-?) kataritsutaeru pass on (a story
or tradition)
tn У)	katariau talk together, have a chat
with
tn 0 katari narrative
^tn monogatari story, tale, legend
[katarau tn 5> Z) J talk together, chat
tn 6 H katarai talk, chat; lover's vow
tn b □	katarau ni tomo naku
with no friend to talk to
[HOMOPHONES]
kataru lix =>®1841
katari =>®1841
1040
372
7-7 E
1041
В1-7-7
► RECOGNIZE
NIN mito(meru)
и	Jdyd-6	S14-7-7	K3907
149	A0242	®1546	U8A8D
ICOMPOUNDSI
V ] W	\ P^
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] (be aware of something
perceived) recognize, perceive, identify
ninshiki cognition, perception; under-
standing
ВЙВ$ gonin mistake, misconception, misun-
derstanding
Жв& kakunin confirmation, ascertainment
© (approve or give permission for) recognize,
acknowledge, approve, admit
ninkasuru approve, authorize,
give permission
В&лЁ nintei authorization, recognition, ac-
knowledgment
В&Й1 ninchi recognition, acknowledgment
shdnin approval, recognition
konin official recognition [approval],
authorization, certification
mokunin tacit [silent] approval, tolera-
tion
[KUN]
[mitomeru recognize, acknowl-
edge, approve, admit
B$S£) mitome approval; private seal
mitomegatai unapprovable
в&ЙЁР mitomein informal seal
0	ayamariо mitomeru admit
to a mistake
B®
1042
E1-7-7
► EXPLAIN
► THEORY
SETSU ZEI to(ku) Ц satoshi
।—।	Joyb-4	SI 4-7-7	K3266
149	A0330	®1547	U8AAC
О [original meaning] explain	q
1ЙВД setsumei explanation, description
Й?р® kaisetsu explanation, commentary	$
1Ж1Й enzetsu (public) speech, address, ora-	ж
tion	”
Bml® ronsetsu discourse, dissertation; edito-
rial	.
rikisetsu suru emphasize, lay stress
on, insist upon
0 preach, advocate; persuade
sekkyd preaching, scolding
f®?£ seppo (Buddhist) sermon, preaching,
moralizing
B®^ settoku persuasion
iSS® yuzei electioneering tour; campaign
speech
00 [also suffix] (proposed explanation) theory,
doctrine
© opinion, view
a ^1® gakusetsu theory
fizt® kasetsu hypothesis
Sf I® shinsetsu new theory [doctrine]; new
opinion
ЙЙВЙ chiddsetsu heliocentric [Copernican]
theory
genshisetsu atomic theory
b ttl® shasetsu editorial (article)
ii r® jisetsu one’s own view
1Ж1® tsusetsu common opinion, popular view
О narrative, story
B®IS setsuwa narrative, tale
/J4S® shosetsu novel, story, fiction
fel® densetsu legend,folktale
[INDEPENDENT!
[setsu a®] theory, doctrine; opinion, view
I®	setsu о tateru put forward a
theory
r® 0 Ж Ь	Osetsu no tori desu I
agree with you
[KUN]
[toku S®<]
373
1041-1042
1 ------------------------------------------
О EXPLAIN
8Й^ tokiakasu explain, solve; make
clear
s О preach, advocate; persuade
□ 1ЙХ kudoku persuade; seduce
Й IHOMQPHONESI
g toku
. Я? TAKE APART =^1017
• DISSOLVE =>0478
g RX =>®964
% "Л-	► MAGAZINE

1043 £1-7-7	149	Jdyd-6	514-7-7		K2779	
		B0872	01548		U8A8C	
Г И In Itf				auvi		a«vi +
123456789
[p ipj
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] magazine, periodical
0 suffix after names of magazines or peri-
odicals
a IS® shimen page of a magazine
IS-b'TT shijode in a magazine
SfiBS zasshi magazinejournal
iSWIS shukanshi weekly magazine
b	—^7 |S nyuzuuikushi
Newsweek
0 [also suffix] records, document
0 IS nisshi diary
tffilS chishi topography, geographical de-
scription
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (move by persuasion) induce, lure, tempt,
entice, seduce; lead, guide
yuchisuru lure, entice, invite; bring
about, cause
yuwaku temptation, seduction
51 'T'b yuin suru entice, induce, attract
Ъ yuddsuru induce, incite; guide,
lead
yukai kidnapping, abduction
д^ВГЙ* yugatd luring lamp
kan'yusuru induce, invite, canvass,
persuade
0 (stimulate the occurrence of) induce, bring
about, cause
Ъ yuhatsu suru cause, induce, lead
upto
ISIS yuin immediate cause, incentive
[kun]
[sasou Ш Э ] invite, ask
ISH sasoi temptation, allurement, entice-
ment; invitation
2® IS О shibainisasou invite a person
to the theater
-t—b. Вт £1-7-7	incorrect stroke-count =>see E1-7-8: В at 1056
w £ 1-7-7	incorrect stroke-count =>seeE 1-7-6: | at 1022
£1-7-7	incorrect stroke-count =>seeE 1-7-8: Й at 1064
► DANCE
YO odo(ru) odo(ri)
1044
И1-7-7
► INDUCE
Y0 saso(u)
1—t	Joyo	S14-7-7	K4522
149	C1010	®1550	U8A98
	Joyo	S14-7-7	K4557
157	C1266	®1558	U8E0A
10	11	12	13	14
1045
£ 1-7-7
1043-1045
374
[COMPOUNDS!
• DANCE
I? Bl buyo dancing, dance
KBS min'yo folk dance
[KUN]
[odoru Bl <5 ] dance (energetically)
И 0 odorite dancer
[odori Bi 0 ] [also suffix] dance, dancing
i&Bi 0 bon'odori Bon Festival dance
IHOMOPHONESI
odoru Bi LEAP =>1091
odori BS LEAP =>1091
1046
E1-7-7
► ASSIST
HO FU Ц] suke tasuku
♦	Names	S14-7-7	K4269
159	D1615	01559	U8F14
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 assist, aid; give guidance
life hosa assistance, aid; assistant; counselor,
adviser
1Й5ЙГ hohitsu assistance, council
ttW hodd guidance; custody
1047
El-7-7
► FERMENT
KO
ж	Joyo	S14-7-7	K2558
164	D1821	01561	U9175
in fi | J flГ fl+
1	23456789
10	11	12	13	14
IcompoundsI
0 (something that causes fermentation) ferment
© (undergo fermentation) ferment
a Ж koso ferment; enzyme
kobo yeast; ferment
В=ЙЙ kobo kin yeast fungus
b hakko fermentation, zymosis
1
йё	► SEVERE KOKU						
1048 £ 1-7-7	164	Joyo	S14-7-7			K2583	
		D1688	01562			U9177	
j П.ЙЙ i g*gkgkgkgk 10	11	12	13	14 ICOMPOUNDSI			5	s	S'		B"|
			6	7	8	9				
Й
8
I
s
$
О severe, harsh, cruel, brutal, merciless
BnfflJ kokkei severe punishment
ВдВ¥ kokuhyd severe criticism
SniWZi kokuhakuna cruel, inhumane
Sn'ffi'TЪ kokushisuru drive (a person) hard,
abuse, sweat (one's workers), overwork
SISnZX zankokuna cruel, ruthless, atrocious
kakokuna severe, harsh, cruel
0 (of great intensity) severe, intense
SnW kokkan severe [intense] cold; depth of
winter
H kokusho severe heat
kokuji close resemblance
1049
El-7-7
► ACID
► OXYGEN
SAN su(i)
ж	Jdyd-5	S14-7-7	K2732
164	C1206	01563	U9178
Г n fl fl fl В Вл
23456789

10	11	12	13	14
IcompoundsI
О [also suffix] acid, acidity
sansei acidity
ryusan sulfuric acid
ййЖ ensan hydrochloric acid
W St isan stomach acid
nyusan lactic acid
7^7^ aminosan amino acid
0 OXYGEN
sanso oxygen
375
1046-1049
J 7-7
1 SHE sanka oxidation
[INDEPENDENT!
i—< [san S§] acid
t ВгТЛ/Ли san to arukari acid and alkali
n
[KUN]
z' [sui sour, ACID
®	S> (i V * suppai sour
A ——---------------------------------
SO	incorrect stroke-count
?	=>see E1-7-8: Й at 1068
| C1-7-7
Gl utaga(u)
JE	Jdyo-6	S14-5-9	K2131
103	A0355	©1565	U7591
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13	14
[compounds!
* doubt, suspect
Йй? giwaku doubt, suspicion
MIrI gimon question, problem, doubt
gishin doubt, suspicion, fear
hanshin-hangino dubious,
incredulous
'Й!Й kaigi doubt, skepticism, disbelief
yogi suspicion
[kun]
[utagau й □ ] doubt, be suspicious, dis-
trust
utagai doubt, suspicion; question
SbLH utagawashii doubtful,suspicious
1051
E1-7-8
► TONE
► INVESTIGATE
► PREPARE
CHO shira(beru) shira(be)
totono(u) totono(eru)
E mamoru tsuki tsugi
	Joyo-3	S15-7-8	K3620
149	A0104	®1567	U8ABF
\\	\Г1	\X3	\xv
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
O© (characteristic quality, as of music, poetry or
color) tone, tune, key, note, pitch, rhythm,
meter
0 (characteristic quality of speech) tone, strain,
note, accent
a choshi tone, tune; key, note; condition,
state (of health); manner, way
eT oncho tune, tone, rhythm, melody,
harmony
felU tancho minor key
1Е1Я seicho orthodox tune
'tjHfJpjT' shichigocho de in seven-and-five
syllable meter
shikicho tone (of color)
‘ЙИЯ kyocho emphasis, stress
b □ 1Я kuchd tone, expression
1д 1Я gochd tone (of voice), note, accent
ЖВЯ seichd tone of voice, style; tone (in Chi-
nese phonetics)
0 (general quality or well-balanced condition)
tone, condition, state (of health)
kdcho favorable [good] condition
junchoni favorably, smoothly
ЗОЯ kicho keynote, underlying tone, basis
Ф1Я hocho pace, step, cadence
ЖВЯ^£ tancho na monotonous, dull
{$ВЯ taichd health condition
© investigate, look into, examine, inquire,
check
иЯЙ chosa investigation, examination, in-
quiry, survey
1Яв chosho protocol, written evidence, rec-
ord
saichosuru reexamine, reinvesti-
gate
00 prepare, make ready, make to order
© prepare (medicines or food), compound,
mix, blend
а 1ЯШ chosei preparation, manufacture, execu-
tion (of an order)
ВЯЙ1 chotatsu supply, procurement; ex-
ecution (of an order); raising (money)
1050-1051
376
7-8 []
ID® chddo personal effects, furnishings,
supplies
SffD^-6 shincho suru make (a new suit),
have (new shoes) made
b IDS'TЪ chorisuru cook, prepare (food)
BDft chomi seasoning, flavoring
ID д' chogo compounding, mixing, prepara-
tion
ВЙЙ0 chozai preparation [compounding] of
medicines
00 [original meaning] harmonize, bring into
accord [harmony], mediate
0 act in harmony, cooperate
a iDRl choin signing, sealing; signature
chdteisuru mediate, arbitrate,
make peace
pDfil chowa harmony, accord, agreement,
symmetry
b ®ID'3"<b kyochosuru cooperate, act har-
moniously
%) ddchd suru align oneself, act in
concert with
0 adjust, regulate, tune
nDS^-b choseisuru regulate, adjust
chdsetsusuru regulate, adjust;
modulate, tune
НИШ choritsu tuning
£ID kuchd air conditioning
[KUN]
[shiraberu ID74^] investigate, look into,
examine, inquire, check
shirabenaosu reexamine, review
Ж^^рИ7^*?) jijitsu о shiraberu investi-
gate the facts
[shirabe ID7^] investigation, examination
IX 0 ID7^ torishirabe investigation, inquiry
TID7^ shitashirabe preliminary examina-
tion [inquiry], preparation
[totonou ID О J be PREPAREd [ready], be
fully equipped
ID® 7^'ID Z) chddo ga totonou get fully fur-
nished
[totonoeru ID Л ] prepare, make ready,
procure, raise (money)
yushoku о totonoeru get
supper ready
SfcS^IDX-'b ryoso о totonoeru prepare
fora journey
ID Л Ъ капе о totonoeru raise money *
IHOMQPHONESI
totonou 8 PUT IN ORDER =>1839	r-
totonoeru 8 PUT IN ORDER =>1839	a
______________________________________________ П
P'fr 1052	► CONSENT DAKU				1 1? $
	।—।	Joyo	S15-7-8	K3490	
E1-7-8	149	D1715	@1568	U8AFE	s
0 consent (to), say yes, agree to, assent
§1ё judaku acceptance
Ж1Й shddaku consent, assent, agreement,
acceptation
ЙлЖ odaku consent, assent
kaidaku ready consent
FDpT? naidaku informal [private] consent
1053
В1-7-8
► TALK
DAN
	Jdyd-3	S15-7-8	K3544
149	A0329	®1569	U8AC7
1	2	3	4	5	6
W \X3	\V' \\2' '
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] talk, converse, speak,
confer, discuss
0 [also suffix] talk, conversation
a p&'a dango consultation, negotiation
p&BS danwa talk, conversation
kaidan conversation, talk, conference
sodan suru consult, talk over, con-
fer
%) taidan suru talk with, converse;
negotiate in person with
b kondan familiar talk [chat]
377
1052-1053
Е 7-8
1 -----z---------------------------------------
1	zadankai round-table talk, sympo-
sium
7ъШ£ jodan joke
’З* seidan political talk
а ЖФ1& shachudan informal talk given (as by
|	a politician) aboard a train
в 0 account, story, tale
*	kaidan ghost story
kddan storytelling, narration; historical
narrative
в	bdkendan account of an adventure;
* adventure story
► BE GRANTED AN AUDIENCE
ETSU
1054 D1-7-8	149	Joyo	S15-7-8	K1758
		D2779	®1570	U8B01
1	2	3 P I | & 10	11	12	|-$ [* |Г | p ]p [5 [p 4	5	6	7	8	9 >	13	14	15			
ICOMPOUNDSI © be granted [have] AN audience with a superior, esp. a ruler or the Emperor ekken audience haietsu audience with the Emperor				
It	► FRIENDSHIP Gl yoshimi [Ц yoshi			
1055 E1-7-8	и 149	Names	S15-7-8	K2135
		D3043	®1571	U8ABC
IcompoundsI
• friendship; favor, kindness
Ж It yugi friendship, fellowship
5£nt kogi friendship, amity
[kun]
[yoshimi Й] friendship; favor, kindness
ЙТ
1056
E1-7-8
► TEACH WITH CARE
JUN SHUN kudo(i) Щ atsu atsushi
makoto itaru shige tomo
[=T	Names	SI 5-7-8	K7557
149	D3233	®1572.5	U8AC4
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 TEACH WITH CARE
junjuntaru teaching with care
[kun]
[kudoi д?И] tedious, diffuse, prolix, wordy;
importunate, inquisitive
й2? И	kudoi hanashi old wives' tale
1057
В1-7-8
► SECTION
► LESSON
KA
и	Jdyd-4	S15-7-8	K1861
149	A0495	®1573	U8AB2
	=7	=7	Г	p	xjuv	p	c
[P[P	№	He		
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] section, department (of a com-
pany or government office)
kacho section chief [head]
ЛЖШИ jinjika personnel section
IS kaikeika accounts [accounting] sec-
tion
0 LESSON, task
katei course, curriculum
IS @ kamoku school subject, course, curricu-
lum
gakka lesson, school work
0 Ш nikka daily lesson, daily task
hokago afterschool
© impose, levy
ЖИ kadai task, assignment; problem
kazei taxation
kachokin surcharge (on imports)
fuka levy, imposition, assessment
[INDEPENDENT!
[ ka 1%] section, department (of a company
1054-1057
378
7-8 |]
or government office); lesson, task
kanoshigoto job [responsibility]
of a section
tsugiпока next lesson
1058
В1-7-8
► ARGUE
► THEORY
RON Щ satoshi
	Jdyo-6	S15-7-8	K4732
149	A0234	01574	U8AD6
O0 [original meaning] (put forth reasons) argue,
discuss, discourse, reason
0 (contend in argument) argue, dispute
0 argument, argumentation, debate
a nffliW ronpyo comment, criticism, review
ronsetsu discourse, dissertation; edito-
rial
offlJfl ronri logic
ииВЙ ronriteki logical
WBra hydron comment, criticism, review
SIBra riron theory
Жига genron speech, discussion
Жига suiron reasoning, inference, induction,
deduction
b ВгаВЙ rongi discussion, argument, debate
птоФ'Т'b ronsd suru dispute, argue
с Й’ига toron debate, discussion, argument
бйпга giron argument, discussion
йди ketsuron conclusion
Sira hanron counterargument, refutation
^Tlra mochiron ofcourse, no doubt, natu-
rally
О [also suffix]
0 (systematically organized knowledge) theory
doctrine, system of thought
0 opinion, view
0 essay, treatise, comments
° iSILlm shinkaron theory of evolution
b t^Bra seron (=yoron) public opinion
Mira iron different [dissenting] opinion; ob-
jection, dissent, protest
jrfira jiron pet theory	’
ByfBw jiron current view, contemporary opin-
ion; comments on current events
^ЙВга кудкбгоп hard line
c ВгаЗС ronbun thesis, paper, treatise, disserta- n
tion
geijutsuron essay on art
BrfWBra jijiron comments on current events 8
0 [also suffix] question, issue, problem
Bra^fe rongai na out of the question, beside
the point	и
Я Й? ига kokuboron the question of national
defense
'/H^MPElra kanji-seigenron the question
of limiting the use of Chinese characters
[INDEPENDENT!
[ron Bra] argument, argumentation, debate;
opinion, view
Brack ОВЕЙ Ronyorishoko Proof is better
than argument
Ira	7^ tVC И >5 Ron ga wakarete iru
Opinion is divided
[ronjiru (=ronzuru) Bral3-6(=BraT&)J
О (contend in argument) argue, dispute
Ж Bra 13 <5 kowadaka ni ronjiru argue
loudly
0 (set forth one's opinion systematically) discuss,
discourse, comment on, treat
Bra 13 Ъ bungaku о ronjiru discuss
literature
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ify admonish =>1072
пЯа
1059
D1-7-8
► UNDERSTAND
RYO HI makoto aki akira masa
c=r	Names	515-7-8	K4642
149	D2984	@1575	U8AD2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 understand, comprehend, know clearly
В^Й? rydkai understanding, comprehension;
consent
иЯТ^'Т-Ь rydshdsuru acknowledge, under-
stand, note
379
1058-1059
Е 7-8
► REQUEST
SEI SHIN ko(u) u(keru) Ц uke
• [original meaning] request, ask, beg, solicit
ml<f< seikyu demand, request, claim
ИII seigan petition
ml shinsei application, petition, request
UmlT-l) ydseisuru request, demand
konseisuru request earnestly, so-
licit, entreat
bFM fushin building, construction
|kun]
[kou In □ ] ask, request, solicit
Wl't if Z) kifu о kou solicit donations
[ukeru mlundertake, take upon one-
self
SI U" о* d uke a и assure, guarantee; under-
take
ml Д d ukeou contract for, undertake
TmlW* shitauke subcontract
I HOMOPHONES]
kou =>®1961
ukeru
St RECEIVE =>1569
T ENJOY =><S>2051
AGREE TO =>®16
► VARIOUS
SHO того’
=H*	Jdyd-6	S15-7-8	K2984
149	B0753	®1577	U8AF8
1061
E1-7-8
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [also prefix] various, all kinds of; many, all
giilS shosetsu various views [theories]
shoto archipelago
ЙЖ shoha minor parties
Й® shokun Ladies and Gentlemen, my
friends, you
HilU shokoku various [all] countries
shohanno various, several, all, every
bHIrIIB shomondai various [all] questions
[problems]
SafrM'Sr shogyomujo All things flow and
nothing is permanent (a Buddhist con-
cept)
	► BE BORN TAN					
1062 E1-7-8	149	Joyd-6	S15-7-8		K3534	
		Cl 124	01579		U8A95	
П if in in 1	2	3	4	5	6	7 1 f i О £ И MM 10	11	12	13	14	15 ICOMPOUNDSl				p 8		r 9
0 BE BORN
0 birth
a tanjo birth, nativity
В tanjobi birthday
b TH seitan birth, nativity
TUX	kirisuto no kotan the Na-
tivity, the Advent
pM E1-7-8	incorrect stroke-count =>see E1-7-9: t at 1069
ain E1-7-8	incorrect stroke-count ^seeE 1-7-7: 1 at 1039
Р7Э E1-7-8	incorrect stroke-count =>seeE 1-7-7: M at 1044
1060-1062
380
7-8 Е
1Й	► COMPENSATE BAI					1 In и и in > j I1jn ЙЙЙЙЙЙ ’ 10	11	12	13	14	15
1063	ж	Joyo	S15-7-8	K3969		
E1-7-8	154	C1307	01582	U8CE0		ICOMPOUNDSI
1
йййййй'
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
* [original meaning] compensate, indemnify
baishdsuru indemnify, compen-
sate, recompense
baishdkin indemnity, reparation
In Ж baiseki liability insurance
jibaihd Automobile Accident Com-
pensation Act
1064
E1-7-8
► INSTALLMENT
FU
ж	Joyo	S15-7-8	K4174
154	D2359	01583	U8CE6
I П fl fl fl ;B |	£
12	3	4	5	6	7	8	'
10	11	12	13	14	15
IcompoundsI
Ф installment, payment by installment
Я К geppu monthly installments
Wil И карри (=wappu) payment by install-
ments
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with bandit =>1029
1065
E1-7-8
► DEIGN TO GIVE
SHI tamawa(ru)
ж	Joyo	515-7-8	K2782
154	D2162	01585	U8CDC
Ф [original meaning] deign to give, bestow,
grant, award; be awarded, have the honor
to receive
shihai trophy given by the Emperor
[Prince]
shika leave of absence, furlough
kashisuru grant, deign to give
[KUN]
[tamawaru J® & J deign to give, bestow,
grant, award
fl|} tamawarimono gift, boon
s
I
Й
► TREAD
TO fu(mu) fu(maeru)
	Joyo	515-7-8	K3807
157	B0757	01587	U8E0F
1066
В1-7-8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] tread (on), step on, stamp,
trample
ЙЖ'Т-Ь tdhasuru crush underfoot; travel
on foot
mitono untrodden, unexplored
ЙЙ buto dancing
0 crowded, confused
zatto hustle and bustle, traffic jam
[KUN]
[fumu Йз step on, tread on, stamp
fumiireru walk in on, tread
upon
йв AW Ъ fumikiru make a bold start, take a
plunge; take off; sumo step out of the
ring
ЁвАЗМ-Ь funbaru keep one's footing, stand
firm; hold out; make an effort
381
1063-1066
Е 7-8
1 -------------------------------------------
1	ashibumi stepping, step, tread
Bs W fumikiri railroad crossing
[fumaeru	step on, stand on; be
a based on
P	seif и no hoshin о
Д	fumaete based on government policy
s t g	tffi 1067	► WHEEL ► RING RIN wa			
		ж	Jdyd-4	S15-7-8	K4656
	В1-7-8	159	B0740	@1589	U8F2A
0 WHEEL
IHOMOPHONESI
wa H RING =><8>1090
[note]
★do not confuse with Ifi transport =>1074
1068
В1-7-8
► UNDILUTED WINE
JUN SHUN Ц atsushi atsu
w	Names	S15-7-8	K2970
164	D3043	@1590.5	U9187
l" jn
123458789
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
ICOMPOUNDSl
О UNDILUTED WINE [liquor]
hojunna (of liquor) mellow, rich
0 pure; purehearted
junkotaru sheer, pure
junboku simplicity and honesty
O0 [original meaning] wheel
© counter for WHEELS
а sharin wheel
Stltffl zenrin front wheel
b —1гаЖ ichirinsha unicycle; wheelbarrow
0 WHEELed vehicle, cycle, bicycle, automobile
Ira Ж ringyd bicycle industry
rinka automobile accident, traffic acci-
dent
rintaku pedicab, trishaw
Ж Im keirin bicycle race
churinjb bicycle parking lot
0 RING, circle
rinjono ring-shaped,annular
rinkeino ring-shaped,circular
Жйв nenrin annual ring, growth ring
gorin no maku the five-ring
Olympic emblem
0 periphery, outline
rinkaku contour, outline, profile
[KUN]
[wa Ш
О ring, circle, link
tffllxkf wanage quoits, ringtoss
wagomu rubber band
wa ni natte odoru dance
in a circle [ring]
Jh Ira yubiwa (finger) ring
► SCHEME
BO MU haka(ru)
1069	I—r	Joyo	S16-7-9	K4337
El-7-9	149	C1481	@1593	U8B00
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO scheme, plot, conspire, contrive
© scheme, plot, conspiracy, intrigue
а KS bosatsu premeditated murder
tfKW shubosha ringleader, mastermind
b KES bbryaku stratagem, scheme, plot
KJx muhon rebellion, revolt, treason
ДсйМ kyobo conspiracy, collusion
1ШЖ inbo scheme, plot, conspiracy
0 plan, strategy
shinbd deeply laid plan
mubo recklessness, imprudence
sanbo staff officer, the staff; adviser,
counselor
[KUN]
[hakaru ] scheme, plot, conspire,
1067-1069
382
contrive
Вн йс Ж Ъ ansatsu о hakaru plot an as-
sassination
IHOMQPHONESI
hakaru
St PLAN =>0965
Й DRAWING =>1951
fS CONSULT =>1070
> QUANTITY =>1598
iffl MEASURE =>0444
1070
E1-7-9
► CONSULT
SHI haka(ru)
1—t	Joyo	SI 6-7-9	K2780
149	C1364	®1596	U8AEE
n	au[/ V » tjtll' 4" au[/ *	5	6 tn tn	7	8	9 UTJj
10	11	12	13 ICOMPOUNDSl		14	15	16
• consult, confer, ask for advice, inquire
shimon suru consult, inquire
[KUN]
[hakaru ] consult, confer, ask (a
person's) opinion
iinkainihakaru submit (a
plan) to a committee for deliberation
[HOMOPHONES]
hakaru
Ш SCHEME =>1069
P DRAWING =>1951
St PLAN =>0965
Ж QUANTITY =>1598
SJ MEASURE =>0444
2	3	4	5	6	7	8 ......9
7-9 []
— 1
InuV I 4	P	nuV в	\'ll 'Ilin				г—4
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl	g
0 POPULAR SONG, ballad, folk song	*
0 chant in a noh drama	“
a zokuyo popular song, ballad
KnS min'yo folksong [ballad]
ИКЙЙ kayokyoku popular song
itnS doyd children's song, nursery rhyme
b ВШЙ yokyoku noh chant
[kun]
[utai IS] utai, chanting of a noh text
utaimono an utai piece for recitation
[utau 3 ] recite, chant (esp. from a noh
drama text)
nS BS □ utai о utau recite an utai
IHOMQPHONESI
utau
SONG =^>1187
Щ DUTY =>0297
=><8)1632
	► ADMONISH YU sato(su) Ц] sato satoshi yu satoru			
1072	и	Joyo	S16-7-9	K4501
Ш1-7-9	149	C1470	®1598	U8AED
бГЖ Й Й ...Й Й
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
► POPULAR SONG
YO utai uta(u)
1071
В1-7-9
и 149	Joyo	S16-7-9	K4556
	D1684	®1597	U8B21
0 admonish, give guidance, instruct, advise,
persuade
дЙв yushi official suggestion or instruction
(to a subordinate)
кудуи teacher, instructor
йЙВну setsuyu admonition, reproof
[KUN]
[satosu ВЙ'Т J admonish, give guidance,
instruct, advise
383
1070-1072
Е 7-9
1 —----------------------------------------
' ВйУ L satoshi guidance, admonition
oshiesatosu give guidance
_ [note]
= ★do not confuse with Bra ARGUE =>1058
n _________________________________________
•w
J 1073
E1-7-9
► HEAD
TO ZU TO atama kashira
-gashira [§ kami tsumuri
ж	Jdyd-2	S16-9-7	K3812
181	A0463	®1604	U982D
	x~ 	2	 ДП		3	 ДН	in m	’SI - 'Q1 ШН	v 6 ж	1 дй
д V
15	16
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] head
tokotsu skull
ДЙ of> tobu head
ДЙН toi head measurement
ДЙЖ zutsu headache
ДЙ1Й zund brain; brains, head
Й yotokuniku using a better name
to sell inferior goods, crying wine and
selling vinegar
йсДЙ"Т<5 bottosuru be absorbed in
ШДЙ'Т-6 shuttosuru attend, present one-
self
0 (person in a leading position) head, chief,
leader
ДЙ @ tomoku chief, head, boss
ДЙЖ todori (bank) president; greenroom
manager
ДЙЙ1 toryo head, chief, boss
^ДЙ kyoto head teacher, vice principal
©0 (upper end) head, top
0 beginning
а Р^ХДЙ koto larynx
3¥ДЙ dan to warhead
ДЙ sentd forefront, head, top
Я2ДЙ moto (not) in the least, (not) a bit
b ДЙЙ: tochu headnote
botb beginning, opening
^ДЙ nento beginning of the year
ез ДЙ ondo leading (in singing); folk song
0 vicinity, front
ЙДЙ tento shop [store] front
gaitode in the streets
^ДЙ nento mind, thoughts
[KUN]
[atama ДЙ]
O0 HEAD
0 hair of the head
0 (intellectual faculty) head, brains, intelli-
gence
а ДЙ^'Ж V > atama да itai have a headache
b ДЙ atama о karu cut one's hair
с ДЙ0Д atama noii ко bright
[intelligent] child
0 consideration, mind
ДЙ^А^ТЛ) atama niireru keep in mind
© (upper end) head, top
ДЙЯ* atamauchi (of stocks) hit the top
[ceiling]
0 number of persons
ДЙ^ atamakazu numberof persons, head
count
[kashira ДЙ] head; chief, leader, master
ЖДЙ'М gT okashiratsuki fish served whole
[complete with head and tail]
ЖДЙ hatagashira leader, boss
[-gashira -ДЙ] head, top, end
ЙсДЙ namigashira wave crest
@ ДЙ megashira eyes
1074
E1-7-9
► TRANSPORT
YU
ж	Jdyo-5	S16-7-9	K4502
159	A0326	®1607	U8F38
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] (transfer by vehicle)
transport, ship, carry, convey
0 transfer
a	yusdsuru transport, convey
un'yu transport(ation), conveyance
кйуи air transportation
b йоШ yushutsu export
1073-1074
384
7-Ю Д
А уипуй import, importation
ffiifH yuketsu blood transfusion
0 abbrev. of А уипуй or yushutsu:
import, export
Йу® yugin import-export bank
kin'yu embargo
ЙЙУ chokuyu direct import [export]
Kii mitsuyu smuggling, contraband trade
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with tw wheel =>1067
s
1075
E1-7-9
► RELYON
► ASK
RAI tano(mu) tano(moshii)
tayo(ru) Щ yori
я	Joyo	S16-7-9	K4574
154	B0723	<91615	U983C
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
[COMPOUNDS!
О rely on, depend on, trust
shinraisuru rely on, have confi-
dence, trust in
М$ЯЖ buraikan villain, scoundrel
0 ask, request
Ъ iraisuru request, make a request;
entrust, commission; rely on, depend on
[KUN]
[tanomu ask, request
$Я<А tanomi request, favor; reliance, de-
pendence
tanomikomu request earnestly
[tanomoshii $Я L V*] reliable, trustwor-
thy
[tayoru $Я <5 ] rely on, depend on, trust
$Я ty tayori reliance, dependence, trust; help,
support
$Я^9$£Н tayorinai unreliable, undepend-
able; vague; helpless, forlorn
► HUMBLE
KEN m капе
1076	1—t	Joyo	S17-7-10	K2412
E1-7-10	149	D1608	<91617	U8B19
ICOMPOUNDSl
I
s
0 humble, modest
ЖЗГ kenson humility, modesty
ЖЙВ/Х kenkyona humble, modest
Mt 1ЙМ kenjd modesty, humility
О respectfully, with respect, reverently;
respectful
kingashinnen Happy New Year
IS S’?"	kinteisuru present, make a pres-
ent
kingen na stern, grave, solemn
й! с&'З-Ъ kinkoku suru inform with respect,
announce respectfully
цВ?5 kinkei Dear Sirs, Gentlemen
0 carefully, attentively, cautiously
И®? kinsei careful production
ИК'З"Ъ kincho suru listen attentively
ШИЖ kinshin house arrest, domiciliary con-
finement; penitence
[kun]
[tsutsushimu il&J [usu. in TE-form] be re-
spectful, be humble
дВАТГ tsutsushinde respectfully, reverently,
385
1075-1077
Е 7-10
1 -------------------------------
1	humbly
IHOMQPHONESI
tsutsushimu 1Й prudent =>0463
O0 lecture, speak in public
0 LECTURE
a ВЙ'Ж koen lecture
ВЙЙФ koshi speaker, lecturer
llt'IS kddo lecture hall, auditorium
йЙЙЙ koza lectureship, (professor's) chair;
course of study
BftJS kodan lecture platform
kddokusuru read and explain
b ЦЦйй'Т-S kaikosuru begin a series of one's
lectures
jukdsuru attend lectures
00 expound, explain, interpret
© speak, tell
а ВЙЙ kdgi lecture
дйпй kowa lecture, discourse
b kodan storytelling, narration; historical
narrative
0 make peace, come to terms
ВЙЙ'Тkdwasuru make peace with, rec-
oncile
1079
El-7-10
►THANK
► APOLOGIZE
SHA ayama(ru)
P3	Jdyd-5	S17-7-10	K2853
149	C1085	®1620	U8B1D
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 thank, be grateful
0 monetary gift of thanks, remuneration,
reward, fee
a W® shaon expression of gratitude
JfSSIJ kansha gratitude, thanks
b sharei remuneration, reward; thanks
Я Hf gessha monthly fee
ЯЙЙ hakusha small remuneration, small to-
ken of gratitude
0 APOLOGIZE
WW shazai apology
chinsha apology
[KUN]
[ayamaru apologize
wp ayamari apology, excuse
V hiraayamari humble apology
[HOMOPHONES]
ayamaru
MISTAKE =>1039
®x =>01631
1080
D1-7-10
► PURCHASE
KO
Д	Joyo	S17-7-10	K2556
154	C1022	®1624	U8CFC
I П fl 0 0 0 0 gr
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] purchase, buy
,WH kobai purchase, buying
kodoku subscription
А кдпуй purchase, buying
WW kosho purchasing books; purchased
books
1078-1080
386
7-11 E
1081
И1-7-10
► EXERCISE JURISDICTION
OVER
KATSU
Ж	Joyo	S17-7-10	K1977
159	D1845	01627	U8F44
IcompoundsI
• EXERCISE [have] JURISDICTION over, control,
supervise, administer
tdkatsu general control, control and
jurisdiction
Win kankatsu jurisdiction, control
SIS chokkatsu direct jurisdiction [control],
immediate supervision
bunkatsu separate control [jurisdiction]
0ТЙ shokatsu jurisdiction
ЙЙ 1082	► UGLY SHU miniku(i)			
	ж	Joyo	S17-7-10	K2925
E1-7-10	164	D2121	01629	U919C
I jn fl Л $ I® Ж
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
g^ig^jgfe^ig^^^
io	11	12	13	14	• 15	16	17
IcompoundsI
• ugly, bad-looking, unsightly
shuakuna ugly, repulsive
96^ shujo ugly woman
bishu beauty or ugliness
[KUN]
[minikui ЙЙ V * ] ugly, bad-looking
minikusa ugliness
minikui onna ugly [homely] woman
I®
► BE PRESENT AT
RIN nozo(mu)
e	Joyo-6	S18-7-11	K4655
131	B0818	01630	U81E8
1083
El-7-11
ICOMPOUNDSI
О be present at, be on the spot, attend, come
to, visit
I® ЖЕ rinshdi clinician
I®Й» rinseki presence, attendance
[®Ш rinjo presence, attendance; visit
l®t& rinken spot inspection, raid
I® ЙЕ rinzai presence
Ж I® rairin attendance, presence; visit
0 on the point of, on the verge of, face to face
with
I®rinjino temporary, provisional, spe-
cial
rinju hour of death, one's last moment
rinkiohen adaptation to circum-
stances
[KUN]
[nozomu I® be present at, be on the
spot, attend, come to, visit
kaigo ni nozomu be present at
a meeting
[HOMOPHONES]
nozomu HOPE =>1756
at
/'1=1
1084
E1-7-11
► PRESENT A GIFT
ZO SO oku(ru)
ж	Joyo	S18-7-11	K3403
154	B0997	01634	U8D08
I П n fl 0 I g g' g4'
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
387
1081-1084
ПНИ
Е 7-12
1 .	---------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 present A gift, give a present
1в^пп zdtohin present, gift
Is Je. zotei presentation
li1-^- zdyo donation, presentation
ДвИ zdwai bribery, corruption
ЖIs kizo (=kisd) donation, presentation
[KUN]
[okuru III <5 ] present (a gift), give (a pres-
ent)
Is 0 okurimono present, gift
Th Is hana о okuru give flowers as a gift
IHOMOPHONESI
okuru SEND =>1968
ПВ
► SYSTEMATIC RECORD
FU
1085	И	Joyo	S19-7-12	K4172
D1-7-12	149	D1841	®1637	U8B5C
i-h И_... L5“J?	2 P	auU i ф =t!"|	P	t»«VI i-nt/i	V 	6 П	p |p p 7	8	9 p] pflPFI
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] systematic RECORD, as:
0 record, chronology, chart
0 record of shogi, chess or go
0 family record, genealogy
a ^Bf nenpu chronological record
ьШИ kifu record of a game of shogi [go]
c ns fudai successive generations; hereditary
Tokugawa daimyo
Жйв keifu genealogy, family tree
kafu genealogy, pedigree
ЖЙЙВв kotofu Imperial family record
0 (musical record) sheet music, musical score,

► DISCRIMINATE
► KNOWLEDGE
SHIKI [&] satoru nori
1086	И	Joyo-5	S19-7-12	K2817
E1-7-12	149	B0538	®1639	U8B58
						
		nV -nV	P		P	Ana
123456789
p Ip	PhV	pl	=й- pn	pF)"	p0	at	P0\
19
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 discriminate, discern, recognize
0 power of discrimination, discernment
a B^'JT^ shikibetsu suru discriminate, dis-
cern, recognize
ninshiki cognition, perception; under-
standing
kanshikisuru identify, judge; dis-
cern
ganshiki insight, discrimination
b Ъ ishikisuru be conscious of, be
aware of
0 (acquired) knowledge, sense, wisdom,
learning
В^сй shikiken knowledge, judgment, dis-
cernment
chishiki knowledge
Bh£ joshiki common sense, common knowl-
edge
MB^ rydshiki good sense
'SfBi^W yushikisha learned [informed, intel-
lectual] people, the wise
-?*B§g gakushiki learning, scholarship
notes
t^pb gakufu (sheet of) music, musical score
Si! saifu recording a tune in musical notes
anpu memorizing musical scores
в® gosenfu staff notation
1087
El-7-13
► DISCUSS
► LEGISLATIVE BODY
Gl
1—1	Jdyd-4	S20-7-13	K2136
149	A0035	01647	U8B70
1085-1087
388
7-13 Е
----- 1
00 [original meaning] (talk together) discuss,
consult
© (conduct a formal discussion) discuss, de-
bate, deliberate, argue, propose
а ВЙИ gidai topic for discussion
ЖЙч giketsu decision, resolution
ЖЖ giji proceedings, business
^ВЙ kaigi conference, meeting, council
ШбЙ'Т<5 shingisuru deliberate, consider,
discuss
ЮВЙ kakugi cabinet conference
b ВЙдй giron argument, discussion
НЖТ-б togi suru discuss, debate on, de-
liberate upon
ВннВЙ~3~Ъ rongisuru discuss, argue, debate
^ЖВЙ^ fushigina strange, mysterious,
wonderful
^ВЙ15й shugiin House of Representatives,
Lower House
©0 [also suffix] legislative body, legislature
© abbrev. of ЖЖ giin: member of an as-
sembly, assemblyman
а Йж gikai assembly, national assembly
бЙМ giin member of an assembly, assem-
blyman
бйб gicho chairman, president (ofthe sen-
ate)
ЖШ gijo assembly hall; the House
ВЙ1Й giin House, Diet Chamber
Ь НСВЙ kugi ward assemblyman
togi Metropolitan assemblyman
© proposal, proposition, opinion
бй^ gian bill, measure
ЗчЖ ketsugi resolution, decision
МЖ igi objection, complaint
®бй kengi proposal, suggestion
► PROTECT
GO mamo(ru)v Щ mori
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] protect, safeguard, shield,
defend
SSt® goei guard, escort
ЖЖ goken safeguarding the constitution
goso safeguard, convoy, escort
goshinjutsu art of self-defense
gofu charm, amulet
И shugo protection, guard, defense, safe-
guard
{ЖЖ’?"<5 hogosuru protect, safeguard, pre-
serve, look after
SU engo support, protection; covering
bengo suru defend, speak in de-
fense of (another)
kangosuru nurse, attend on
ЙЙЖ'Т'Ь yogosuru protect, defend, support,
safeguard
IHOMQPHONESI
mamoru yp protect =>1375
► CEDE
jo yuzu(ru) Щ mamoru
1089 g joyo S20-7-13 K3089
E1-7-13 I 149|ci028| ®1649 U8B72
389
1088-1089
Е 7-13
1 .	-----------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSI
О cede, transfer, assign, give up, yield
joto transfer, conveyance
g	joyo transfer
tSUu joi abdication
и SSI ijo transfer, assignment
© concede, yield to, relinquish
1ЙФ joho concession, compromise
[KUN|
[yuzuru OH<5 ] transfer, assign, give up,
yield; sell, dispose of; concede, yield to, relin-
quish
St 0 yuzuriwatasu turn over,convey
ty 0 oyayuzurino hereditary
$ < yasukuyuzuru sell (a thing) cheap
ВЙ ty o' 9 yuzuriau compromise, concede
1090
El-7-13
► BREW
JO kamo(su)
if	Joyo	S20-7-13	K3090
164	D1917	®1654	U91B8
19	20
ICOMPOUNDSI
© brew, make alcoholic beverages
B8js jozo brewing; distilling
Ъ joseisuru brew; bring about
[KUN]
[kamosu 88T J brew; distill
sake о kamosu brew sake
Ж
1091
И1-7-14
► LEAP
YAKU odo(ru)
£	Joyo	S21-7-14	K4486
157	B0980	®1658	U8E8D
19	20	21
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] leap, jump up, spring
Ъ yakushin suru make rapid prog-
ress, advance by leaps and bounds
ЖЙ! hiyaku leapjump
—*Й1 ichiyaku at a bound, with a jump
©fcSt'TЪ choyakusuru jump, leap, spring
© move as if LEAPing with excitement, stir, be
active
Ъ yakuddsuru move lively, throb
yakujotaru vivid, graphic, lifelike
yakki excitement, enthusiasm, despera-
tion
ISIS katsuyaku (great) activity, action
Ria IS! an'yaku secret maneuvers
[KUN]
[odoru Й1 <5 J leap, jump, bound
IStt) odori leaping, jumping
St 0 odoriagaru spring up, leap to
one’s feet
IS! V) odorikomu jump into; rush into
IHOMOPHONESI
odoru fi DANCE =>1045
odori Iffi DANCE =>1045
1092
В1-8-2
► NEEDLE
SHIN hari
	Jdyo-6	S10-8-2	K3143
167	B0557	®1666	U91DD
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] needle
© NEEDLE-shaped object as the hand of
clock or pointer of an instrument
1090-1092
390
а unshin handling of a needle
b ЗНЖШ shin'ydju conifer
choshin long [minute] hand
bydshin second hand
Лэй* shishin compass needle; indicator,
pointer; hand; guiding principle
jishin magnetic needle
kenshin inspection of a meter
ЙИВНИ rashinban compass
зёвай* hiraishin lightning rod
О direction, bearing
hoshin course, policy, plan
[KUN]
[hari M]
0 [also SUffix] NEEDLE
0 NEEDLE-shaped object as the hand of a clock
or pointer of an instrument
a Bttt* harishigoto needlework, sewing
й*|1| hariyama pincushion
ЗН*Я haribako needlecase, sewing box
harijono needle-shaped, pointed
fH*haridesasu prick with a needle
Й1ИЙ* nuibari needle
momenbari needle for cotton thread
kagibari hook, crochet needle
b harigane wire
Й 0 St tsuribari (fish)hook
[HOMOPHONES!
hari ЙГ =>®1754
► STARVE
KI u(eru)
1093		Joyo	S10-8-2	K2118
И1-8-2	184	D1726	®1668	U98E2
10
[compounds!
0 [original meaning] starve, be hungry, famish
© year of famine
a kiga starvation, hunger, famine
tJlK kimin starving people
Ul'l'S kikatsu hunger and thirst
8-2 U
bllff kikin famine, failure of crops; shortage
[kun]
[ueru МЯ-б]
0 starve, be hungry, famish
0 hunger [starve] for (love), thirst for
(knowledge)
а 1ЯЯ ue hunger, starvation
uejini (death by) starvation
b ft (Cl Щ Я <5 ai ni ueru hunger [starve] for
love
[HOMOPHONES]
ueru STARVED =>®1734
1094
В1-8-2
► PREPARATION
ZAI
Joyo	S10-2-8	K2662
C1070	®1669	U5264
[ И Й 3 » п» Ж W
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
0 [original meaning] pharmaceutical prepara-
tion, drug, medicine
0 chemical preparation, chemical
а ЖЙУ yakuzai medicine, drugs
chdzaisuru prepare [compound]
medicines
jbzai pill, tablet
bitaminzai vitamin preparation
i#in Й0 chogozai preparation, mixture
shokazai digestive, peptic
chintsuzai anodyne, painkiller
b senzai detergent, cleanser
satchuzai insecticide, vermicide
1095
В1-8-2
► DISSECT
BO
IJ	Joyo	S10-2-8	K4322
18	D1971	®1670	U5256
391
1093-1095
Е 8-2
1	a-			£		Г»	jk о	
| ICOMPOUNDSI
-& • [original meaning] dissect, cut open, split in
two
q Оkaibosuru dissect, anatomize,
hold an autopsy; analyze
& 		kaibdgaku anatomy
< В1-8-2	incorrect stroke-count =>see В1 -8-3: д at 1099
E1-8-2	incorrect stroke-count =^seeE 1-8-3: Ж at 1100
1096	► SWORD KEN tsurugi			
	IJ	Joyo	S10-2-8	K2385
В1-8-2	18	C1252	<8)1672	U5263
				
|/ |л л	I?		£ £ i	
.....i.........2..........3.........4..........5.........6..........7.........8.........9
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] (double-edged) sword,
sword, blade
0 swoRDsmanship, fencing, kendo
a token sword
juken bayonet
JOO shinken real sword; seriousness
Ю0 shuriken throwing knife
b ^УЖ kendo fencing, swordsmanship, kendo
$J^ kenkyaku swordsman, fencer
[KUN]
[tsurugi $J] sword (esp. double-edged)
0 III £ Ъ tsurugi no yama о noboru
perform a hazardous deed
►TOUGH
GO Ц] tsuyoshi takeshi take taka
tsuyo takeru yoshi kd kata
1097	'J	Joyo	SI 0-2-8	K2568
В1-8-2	18	C1449	01673	U525B
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] (hard and strong) tough,
strong, rigid, hard
ИУЙ goriki Herculean strength; mountain
carrier [guide]
докуй baseball fast ball
kongdseki diamond
0 (of strong spirit) tough, stout, resolute, brave
gokina hardy, sturdy
И1Ж goken fortitude and vigor, sturdiness,
virility; manliness
ЙУЙ gochoku moral courage, integrity
ЙУЖ дбуй bravery, prowess
В1-8-2	incorrect stroke-count =>see E1 -8-3: # at 1106
В1-8-2	incorrect stroke-count =>see El-8-3: ® at 1107
► ANGLE
CHO tsu(ru) tsu(ri) tsu(ri)-
1098
В1-8-3
&	Joyo	S11-8-3	K3664
167	D1616	01674	U91E3
|>	£		$	3	£	S’
[KUN]
[tsuru	Jangle,fish
D tsuriageru fish up, land
[tsuri
1096-1098
392
О [also suffix] angling, rod fishing
Й 0 7^ tsuriito fishing line
ДЙ 0 sakanatsuri angling, fishing
ipponzuri pole-and-line fishing
0 change (for money)
D otsuri change
111 0 15 tsurisen change
[tsuri- Й Ю -] suspended, hanging
Й О Ш tsuribashi suspension bridge
^1)Sm tsurigane hanging bell, temple bell
Й 0 tsuriau balance; match, be in
harmony
o'И tsuriai balance, equilibrium; pro-
portion
Й V T W & tsurisageru suspend from
IHOMOPHONESI
tsuru
ГЙХ =>®2163
=>®2919
tsuri ffix =><3)2163
E1-8-3
1099
Cl-8-3
incorrect classification
=>see И1-4-7: t at 0653
► SECTION
BU -bev
R	Joyo-3	S11-3-8	K4184
163	A0038	®1676	U90E8
10
[COMPOUNDS!
О [also suffix] section, part, category, division,
region
дБ^ bubun part, section, portion
дБпп buhin parts, accessories
дБМ bumon class, group, division, depart-
ment, section; genus
дБЖ burui class, category, division
— дБ ichibu part, portion, section; a copy (of a
book)
дБ hokubu north, northern part
±§Б zenbu all, the whole; wholly, entirely
8-3 Д
----------------------------------------------- 1
Й дБ naibu interior, inner parts	1
± дБ jobu upper part [section], top; surface
Ф^ёБ chuobu central part
>С?КдБ shinzobu region of the heart
Ж ЗЕ дБ daisanbu Section 3
0 [also suffix] section or major subdivision of an
organization: department, division, section, *
faculty; military unit	n
дБ Ж buzoku section, division
дБfi bucho section chief, department head
дБ^ bukai section meeting
ЙБТ buka subordinate
дББ^ butai unit, corps, party, squad	vg
дБ kanbu executive, (managing) staff
дБ gakubu faculty, department	W
fejfe дБ henshQbu editorial department	В
[staff]	x
дБ bungakubu department [faculty] of ТЭ
literature	щ
^ЖдБ eigyobu business department, sales
department
5£{ЬЖЖдБ bunka jigyo-bu Cultural Affairs
Department
О counter for copies of printed matter
busu number of copies, circulation
^дБ—ЖР9 ichibu nihyakuen 200 yen per
copy
[INDEPENDENT!
[bu дБ] section, division, head; section (of a
company), department, division; class, cate-
gory
...0§Б£ЛЗ .. .no bu nihairu fall under
the heading of; be classed among
[SPECIAL READINGS]
дБИ heya room, chamber
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ₽& ACCOMPANY A SUPERIOR
=>0395
1100
В1-8-3
► OUTER ENCLOSURE
KAKU Щ hiro
[5	Joyo	S11-3-8	K1952
163	C1555	@1678	U90ED
393
1099-1100
Е 8-3
1 —
fa
5±
П
а =	=
Т.Й...Й
fl
1102
E1-8-3
► EXECUTE
► SEIZE
SHITSU SHU to(ru)
±	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2825
32	B0765	@1680	U57F7

10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] outer enclosure [walls],
outline, contour
gaikaku outer block [enclosure]; outline,
contour
jdkaku castle, fortress; castle walls, en-
closure
rinkaku contour, outline, profile
IfiW kydkaku thorax, chest
► DRY
KAN kawa(ku) kawa(kasu) inui'

0 [original meaning] dry, dry up, desiccate
0 dry, dried
a	kansdsuru dry up, desiccate,
become parched [dry]
kanpaisuru drink a toast, toast
kanki dry season
b kanbutsu dry provisions, groceries
kanpan cracker, hard biscuit
ЙЖЙЁ kandenchi dry cell
[KUN]
[kawaku Й < ] vi dry (up), run dry
йсГ kawaki drying, dryness
kawaki no hayai fast drying
(clothes)
[kawakasu	vt dry, desiccate
kimono о kawakasu dry
clothes
[HOMOPHONES]
kawaku Ж RUN DRY =>0379
kawaki RUN DRY =>0379
I- i+ |л					$	
..1.2...3..4...5..6...7..8	.9
ft®
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (perform a specific task with care) execute,
carry out, perform, conduct
flfr'T<b shikkosuru execute, perform,
carry out
flfS shitsumu performance of one's official
duties
fl Ж shitsuji steward, butler
chushitsu (=chuo
shikkd iinkai) Central Executive Com-
mittee
0 SEIZE [hold] an object (such as a pen) and
perform an action with
fl Ж shippitsu writing
flTJ'T-?) shittdsuru perform an operation
© adhere to, stick fast to, hold fast to, persist
in
fl^ shunen tenacity of purpose, vindictive-
ness, spite
fl WT shuchaku (=shujaku) suru be at-
tached to; adhere to, hold fast to
fl^x^ shitsuyona obstinate; tenacious,
persistent
@flT^> koshitsu (=koshCi) suru adhere to,
persist in
Ж fl kakushitsu (=kakushu) discord, strife
®flSi henshitsukyd (=henshukyd) mono-
maniac
[KUN]
[toru fl ] perform (duties), conduct, trans-
act, take (trouble)
fl 0 fr Z) toriokonau carry out, perform
ЖЙ? fl jimu о toru do [attend to] busi-
ness
[HOMOPHONES]
toru
Ж TAKE =>0847
1101-1102
394
Й PICK =>0367
Й CATCH =>0315
ffil PHOTOGRAPH =>0514
	► BEAUTIFUL COLORING SAI irodo(ru) Ц] aya								
1103 E1-8-3	59		Joyo		S11-3-8			K2644	
			C1341		®1681			U5F69	
					т	1	&		
123456789 ICOMPOUNDSI									
Ф beautiful [brilliant] coloring, coloration,
color, variegated colors
© [original meaning] color, paint
a shikisai color, coloring, hue, tinge
tasaina colorful, varicolored; varie-
gated, diversified
gosai five beautiful colors
kosai iris
kosai luster, brilliancy
b saishoku coloring, painting
saiga painting, colored picture
[KUN]
[irodoru ] color, paint, dye
V irodori coloring, coloration, color
scheme; makeup
37 H	yuhi ni irodorareta
sora sky colored by the setting sun
ж
► CARVE
CHO ho(ru) -bo(ri)
1104		Joyo	S11-3-8	K3606
El-8-3	59	C1404	®1683	U5F6B
8-3 E
---------------------------------------------- *1
chokoku sculpture, carving, engraving 1
chozd carved statue
Szsfe chokin metal carving, chasing
choso carving and modeling, plastic	&
arts; clay model	$
[KUN]
[horu (cut so as to form designs or figures)
engrave, carve, chisel
Ж 0 $3 horimono carving; tattoo
Жй^ V kibori woodcarving
?¥ CT® ukibori relief, embossed carving
L-bori -Й2 0 ] [suffix] carving, sculpture
ШНГЙу^ kamakurabori carvings of the
Kamakura style
IHOMOPHONESI
horu ffi DIG =>0364
[ в < «га 2B Ж < -и» “ft W
1105
E1-8-3
► COMPANY OFFICER
I ® yasu
Joyo	S11-3-8	K1651
D2042	01685	U5C09
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
© (military officer or rank such as captain or lieuten-
ant) COMPANY OFFICER
kiiguntaii air force captain
ФШ chui first lieutenant (U.S. Army)
shdi second lieutenant
ж
1106
El-8-3
► METROPOLIS
► METROPOLIS OF TOKYO
TO TSU miyako Ц] kuni miya
tsugi
[5	Jdyd-3	511-3-8	K3752
163	A0146	01686	U90FD
) ллдляяяг
.’	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
&
10 .i'i.
EompoundsI
© [original meaning] (cut so as to form a desired
shape or design) carve, sculpt, engrave
; * ? л у t
123456789
10	11
395
1103-1106
Е 8-3
1 ,	-----------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
О metropolis, capital
tokai city, town
g WlSTf? toshi cities, urban communities
,	toshi-gasu town gas
W toshin heart [center] of a city
g	tdkydto Metropolis of Tokyo
_±_.	1=ГЙ$ shuto capital (city)
ЖЖ sento transfer of the capital
$ 0 0 metropolis of Tokyo, Tokyo
0 (of the Metropolis of Tokyo) Metropolitan,
22 Tokyo
Ж a ffixLCD toritsuno metropolitan, under con-
щ	trol of the Tokyo Metropolitan govern-
ment
g	tR ЛT tonaide in Tokyo Metropolis
Ж'й' toei run by the metropolitan govern-
ment
|g toto Tokyo Metropolis
>. < b tocho Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Office
® toden Metropolitan Electric Railway
togisen Tokyo Assembly elections
© all, every, everything
ЙЗс tsudo each time, whenever
Й5 o' tsugo convenience, circumstances; in all,
altogether, totally
[INDEPENDENT!
[tO SS] METROPOLIS OF TOKYO
Й50 to no Metropolitan, municipal
[KUN]
[miyako ЙП capital; city
miyakoochi rustication
1107
В1-8-3
► MAIL
YU
и	Jdyo-6	S11-3-8	K4525
163	B0864	<8)1687	U90F5
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (postal delivery system) mail, post
jUMf! у Cibin mail service, mail, postal matter
yubinkyoku post office
ydbin'yasan mailman
yusei postal system
yuso mailing
ЙЙи yusen mail steamer
(=®^Дт^) yucho (=yubin chokin)
postal [post-office] savings [deposit]
yutai mailbag
О [original meaning] (not sharp) dull, blunt
donki dull weapon, blunt sword
1ЙЙ donkaku obtuse angle
0 (hot agile) dull, dull-witted, slow, stupid
donsai dullness, stupidity
JiE^ donkan thickheadedness
ЙЕЖХ£ donjdna dull-witted, phlegmatic
ЙИ<Е gudon stupidity, silliness
[kun]
[nibui Й V ] dull, slow-witted, thick-
headed; slow, sluggish; dull, blunt (sword)
nibusa dullness, sluggishness
V	nibui oto thick sound
nibuiotoko dolt, dullard
[niburu J v/ become dull; weaken
kesshin да niburu waver in
one's resolution
[nibu- jiE-J [prefix] (ofcolors) dull
^EMfe nibukiiro dull yellow
1107-1108
396
8-4
► REVERE
KIN Щ yoshi makoto hitoshi
1109
Е1-8-4
к	Names	S12-4-8	K2254
76	D2268	®1690	U6B3D
[COMPOUNDS!
0 revere, respect, adore, admire
^ЛЖ kinbo admiration, adoration, reverence
E1-8-4
1110
E1-8-4
incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-9-4: I at 1165
► COOKED RICE
► MEAL
HAN meshi Щ ii
184	Jdyd-4	S12-8-4	K4051
	Cl 136	®1691	U98EF
			4	4	4	f	f	rj
r	
10	11	12
[COMPOUNDS!
О cooked rice, boiled rice
WPffi gohan boiled rice; meal
suihanki rice cooker
sekihan cooked rice and red beans
0 MEAL
hanten (high-class) Chinese restaurant-
hotel (in Chinese)
hanba bunkhouse, workers' living quar-
ters
у dhan evening meal, supper
[KUN]
[meshi cooked rice, boiled rice; meal
cT meshitaki cooking rice; kitchenmaid,
cook
Ж'Й meshitsubu grain of boiled rice
yakimeshi frizzled [fried] rice
hirumeshi lunch, midday meal

E
1
► DRINK
IN no(mu) -no(mi)
nil		Jdyd-3	S12-8-4	KI 691
Ell-8-4	184	C1027	®1692	U98F2
И л л	4	4 •	< If If If |	
K ' ICOMPOUNDSI		5	6	7	8	9
$
I
f
0 DRINK
© [original meaning] drink alcoholic beverages
0 drink, beverage
a inshoku eating and drinking
inshokuten eating place, restaurant
inshu drinking (alcoholic drinks)
b'S.&t'^'b aiinsuru be fond of drinking
c inryo drink, beverage
inryosui drinking [potable] water
ryuin water brash, sour stomach
[ ля aft w -(fil -m- ЭД 4|п|-
[kun]
[nomu
0 DRINK
© drink alcoholic beverages
a	nomikomu swallow, gulp down;
grasp, take in
nomimono beverage
nomimizu drinking [potable] water
b nomiya bar, tavern
[-nomi [suffix] DRiNKer
dzakenomi guzzler, boozer
IHOMOPHONESI
nomu ?FX =>02410
► HONEST
TON Ц] atsu atsushi tsuru
tsutomu nobu atsumu
В1-8-4
ft	Names	S12-4-8	K3856
66	D1757	®1693	U6566
ICOMPOUNDSI
© [rare] honest, staunch, sincere, simple
tonkona sincere and kindhearted,
honestand simple
397
1109-1112
Е 8-4
л —----------------------------------
1	tonbokuna [archaic] honest and
simple
1113
El-8-4
► SET ABOUT
SHU JU tsu(ku) tsu(keru) Ц) nari
	Jdyd-6	S12-3-9	K2902
43	B0677	@1694	U5C31
7...|7..Й...I7~~
5	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
[ тн ЭД anfc aft W -Hft -ЮН- ЭД ЭД w
• set about a task, set out, proceed to do, set
to, enter upon, launch into, take up (a posi-
tion)
st® shushoku finding employment
Stfi shunin assumption of office, inaugura-
tion
shugakusuru enter school
Ъ shurd suru set to work, find em-
ployment
Stftl shiikd (of ships) going into commission
St IK shugyo employment, starting work
[KUN]
[tsuku st < 1 set about a task, set out, enter
upon, take up (a position), assume (office),
enter (a business)
tsuite about, concerning
Kfcst < shoku ni tsuku take up employ-
ment
[tsukeru SSt fa<5 ] install [place] a person in a
position
tS St fa<5 yaku ni tsukeru place someone
in a position
IHOMQPHONESI
tsuku
fa ATTACH =>0019
Й PUT ON =>2086
ВД АПАСН =>®347
HP IMMEDIATE =>®1120
POINT =>®2084
tsukeru
fa АПАСН =>0019
Й АПАСН =>®347
< PUT ON =>2086
HP IMMEDIATE =>®1120
POINT =>®2084
St PICKLE =>0496
1114
В1-8-4
► MORNING
► DYNASTY
CHO asa Щ tomo ashita hajime
1	Jdyd-2	S12-4-8	K3611
74	A0239	@1695	U671D
ICOMPOUNDSl
О morning, forenoon, morn
SBTB chokan morning edition [paper]
SB ft choshoku breakfast
sdcho early morning
itchd-issekini in one day, in a
short time
0 [also suffix]
0 dynasty, reign, rule
© dynastic period, age
а ЕЕ4Я ocho dynasty, Imperial regime
Hr® shincho Qing Dynasty, Manchu Dynasty
^F^SB heiancho Heian Period
[KUN]
[asa tB J morning, forenoon, morn
SB ^7 asagata toward morning
SB 0 asahi rising sun, morning sun; rays of
the morning sun
SB® asagao morning glory; bell (of a trom-
bone)
SB® asameshi breakfast
SB Ж	asahayaku early in the morning
SBffll® asagohan breakfast
SSB maiasa every morning
ISPECIAL READINGS]
^SB kesa this morning
IHOMQPHONESI
asahi
ffi RISINGSUN =>1890
SB0 =>1114,1915
1113-1114
398
-fjA*	incorrect stroke-count =>see Cl-8-3: $ at 1101 ДУ8-4	 ►|NF0RM ► REQUITE -1*1 V HO muku(iru) muku(u)	
1115	± Joyo-5	S12-3-9 K4283
И1-8-4	32 API65	<8)1698 U5831
- + > >	4 I^M
	i	2	3	4	5 10	11	12 ICOMPOUNDSl	6	7	8	9
00 inform, report, announce, convey
0 iNFORMation, report, news
0 [also suffix] bulletin, newspaper, magazine
а Still hodo news, report, information
Stcf'T<5 hokokusuru report, inform
tsuhosuru report, send informa-
tion
b —$8 ippo information, notification
T’St yoho forecast, prediction
IWSt jdhd information, intelligence, report,
news
SSt denpd telegram
koho (public) information, public rela-
tions
£^St koho public [official] report [bulletin]
0 nippo daily report, daily news
31St sokuhd prompt report, news flash
c kanpd official gazette, official telegram
gaho illustrated magazine
kenkyushoho research institute
bulletin
® signal, warning
^St jiho time signal; review
WSt keiho warning signal, alarm
0 (make return for) requite, return, repay;
reward, recompense
hosho reward, compensation
SLIP. hoon repaying a kindness, gratitude
hoshu remuneration, reward; pay
Edependenti
Lhojiru (=hozuru) StC<5(=StT<5)J report,
INFORM
8-4 П
—----------------------------------------- 1
[kun]
[mukuiru SIH&]
0 REQUITE, repay
0 recompense, reward
a St И mukui recompense, return; punishment,
retribution
b IZ St V Ъ rdni mukuiru recompense a
person for his [her] labor
[mukuu 16 Z> ] same as mukuiru SH)<5
mukuwareru be rewarded
IHOMOPHONESI
mukuiru SN reciprocate =>®1539
mukui BU RECIPROCATE 539
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
[ ±IH апй: £[1 eiiH 4Й)- 4ПН-
О article, item, subsection
лЁЖ teikan articles of association, company
contract
yakkan article, stipulation, provision,
clause
jdkan article, stipulation, provision,
clause
0 sum of money, funds
(нй shakkan loan
0 treat cordially, have friendly relations with
kokan exchange of cordialities
ffl
1117
E1-8-4
► RESPECT
KEI uyama(u) Щ taka takashi
yoshi yuki hiro nori toshi aki
£	Jbyo-6	S12-4-8	K2341
66	C1019	01701	U656C
399
1115-1117
Е 8-4
1 ц- -н-	Й Й Й Й>
/ ZJ 4J 4rJ
123456789
7iW®
10	11	12
| ICOMPOUNDSI
а • respect, revere, honor
* Й&Ж keii respect, regard, honor
Si#F keisho honorific title, term of respect
keird respect for the aged
keigo honorific language, polite speech
?	SHs'lTЪ keien suru keep at a respectful dis-
tance; avoid
keigu Yours truly [respectfully]
ИЙЧ) keifukusuru have great admira-
tion for
§i$ keiai respect and affection, veneration
sonkeisuru respect, esteem, honor,
ц	revere
zfeliZX shikkeina disrespectful, rude, impo-
lite
[kun]
[uyamau ® 5 ] respect, revere, reverence,
honor, venerate
ЙИ uyamai respect, reverence, veneration,
honor, esteem
kami о uyamau revere God
И1-8-4
► SCATTER
SAN chi(ru) chi(rasu) -chi(rasu)
chi(rakasu) chi(rakaru)
chi(rabaru)
5c	Jdyd-4	S12-4-8	K2722
66	B0745	@1702	U6563
- Г+7 i* S S S S S IS,
.   LI Ш Ш Il 1 
1234567	8	9
IcompoundsI
O0 scatter, disperse, break up
0 [original meaning] (cause to) scatter,
sprinkle, adjourn (a meeting), disperse
a SiSL sanran dispersion, scattering
SifiWfe sanpatsuteki na sporadic
$?Si kaisan breakup, dispersion; dissolution
ffiSi kakusan scattering, diffusion
^Si bunsan dispersion, breakup, diver-
gence; variance
KSi'T-b shisan suru scatter (in all direc-
tions)
— @ Si (C ichimokusan ni at full [top] speed
b sanpatsu haircut
Si^ sanpu (=sappu) scattering, sprinkling,
spraying
SizK sansui water sprinkling
Si^cT^) sankaisuru break up, adjourn,
disperse
00 unrestrained, free, carefree, relaxed,
loose
0 random, haphazard
а Й&Ф sanpo walk, (leisurely) stroll
SiX sanbun prose
MSi kansan leisure, inactivity
bSiSiK sanzan ni severely, terribly, unspar-
ingly
SWSZ£ sanmanna desultory,vagrant,vague
[KUN]
[chiru Si&Jv/
О scatter, disperse, break up, dissipate
Si D Si V IZ chirijirini scatteredly, sepa-
rately
Ж Z/Si Ъ tobichiru fly off, fly apart, scatter
0 fall, be scATTERed [shed]; die
Й&<Е>Й?Ж chiru ochiba falling leaves
WWl^Si^ nankainichiru die in the south
sea
[chirasu Si 6TJ vt scatter, disperse, strew,
break up, dissipate
Si Ь L chirashi leaflet, handbill, flyer; un-
caked sushi
дй H Si ‘э T oichirasu drive away, scatter,
rout
[-chirasu -Si bTJ verbal suffix indicating
disorder or indiscretion
i£HSi {d'3~ kuichirasu eat untidily, eat a bit
of everything
S tz 0 Si 6 T atarichirasu find fault with
everybody, make oneself disagreeable
[chirakasu Si в Й'Т] vt scatter (around),
disarrange, leave untidy
n^^^Sib^'?’ heya о chirakasu litter a
room (with things)
[chirakaru Si ] vilie scATTERed about,
1118
400
be in disorder
в ZP о Zt® JB x chirakatta kamikuzu
scattered [littered] paper scraps
[chirabaru tfc 6 -6 ] be scATTERed
yudayajin wa sekai kakkoku ni
chirabatte iru The Jews are dispersed
all over the world
В1-8-4
► DECEIVE
Gl azamu(ku)
	Joyo	S12-4-8	K2129
76	D1782	®1703	U6B3A
-	r	tt	tt	t	it	£	g	%
1...2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] deceive, cheat, swindle
Ж0Г giman deception, imposition
sagi swindle, fraud
[KUN]
[azamuku Ж < ] deceive, cheat, delude
azamukimadowasu deceive
and lead astray
ДО* -ин- ш J? № g to ]
8-4 E
-------------:----------------------------------1
nation------------------------------------------1
^SB gakki school term
jiki time, season
Ж—SB ntШ daiikki keikaku first phase of a &
plan	*
Я SB shoki early days, early stage, beginning;
early, initial
kamihanki first ha If of the (fiscal)
year
ЙЕ SB teiki fixed term; fixed deposit; com-
muter's pass; regular, periodic
b SB I® kigen time limit, term
enkisuru postpone, defer
{£SB ninki one's term of office
Si SB manki expiration (of a term)
c Ж SB saigo one's last moments, death
© [also suffix] period, age, time, occasion
rWSB seinenki adolescence
^tlvuSB yojiki babyhood
^FS^SB heian koki late Heian period
® SB И	kakkitekina epoch-making, ep-
ochal
© expect, look forward to, anticipate, hope
for
MBW'T'b kitaisuru expect, look forward to,
anticipate, hope for
^SB^t"<5 yokisuru expect, anticipate, hope
for
HffSBO shokino expected, anticipated,
hoped-for
1120
E1-8-4
► TERM
► EXPECT
KI GO
я	Jdyd-3	512-4-8	K2092
74	A0126	®1704	U671F
f |tt [it	it	Я	£		
► BOLDLY
KAN a(ete)A a(ezu)A
1121	5c	Joyo	512-4-8	K2026
E1-8-4	66	D1920	®1706	U6562
I*- Г-r ] J.		If	If 	? It I	
Ю 11	12
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 [also suffix] term, school term, period,
season, quarter; stage, phase; session
© (deadline) term, time limit, appointed day
G inevitable moment
a MUfrfl kikan term, period
kimatsushiken term-end exami-
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 boldly, daringly, bravely, fearlessly, reso-
lutely
© bold, daring, brave, fearless, resolute
a Ъ kantosuru fight bravely
SS(^(<h) kanzen (to) boldly, bravely
401
1119-1121
Е 8-5
1 -------------------------------------------------
1 Ъ Kfl капкд decisive [daring] action
JRsKZX kakanna bold, daring; resolute
уйкаппа brave, courageous, daring,
heroic
* |kun]
i [aete KAT] boldly, daringly; [in negative
constructions] (not) at all
a	К ATT<6 aete suru dare [venture] to do
® КАТЖ^	Aeteodoroku
ni wa ataranai There is nothing strange
about it
[aezu К ATI literary hardly finishing (doing),
unable to do sufficiently
IX 0 KAT toriaezu as a temporary meas-
ure, for the present, in a hurry; first of all
ДП ►lead
> EN namari
	Joyo	S13-8-5	K1784
167	D1689	®1707	U925B
/ A A *	£	£	£ g
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] lead
In W endoku lead poisoning
$дЖ enpitsu pencil
In W enkan lead pipe
3&ln aen zinc
[KUN]
[namari In] lead
In'S namariiro lead color; livid
1123
El-8-5
► BOWL
HACHI HATSU
	Joyo	S13-8-5	K4013
167	D1742	®1708	U9262
ЙЙЙЙ
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
О bowl, pot, basin
hachimono food served in bowls; bon-
sai
kashibachi bowl for confectioneries
Й?1£ takuhatsu religious mendicancy, beg-
ging bonze
Й1$ ihatsu (=ehatsu) mysteries (of Bud-
dhism or an art)
О flowerpot
ЙФША hachiue potted plant
uekibachi flowerpot
О crown (of the head), brainpan, skull
I£^=Fg^ hachimaki headband
[INDEPENDENT!
[hachi i£] basin; flowerpot
ohachi rice tub; one's turn
1^0 7Ё hachi no hana flower in a pot
	Joyo-5	S13-8-5	K2559
167	C1218	®1709	U9271
123456789
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] [original meaning] ore
koseki ore, mineral
Й£Ж kosho ore deposit
йдШ kozan mine
Й£Й koko mine, shaft, pit
^Й£ kin кд gold ore; gold mine
|^l£ tekko iron ore
Ш1^Й£ jitekko magnetite, loadstone
О MINE
ЙдЖ kogyo mining (industry)
tanko coal mine
1122-1124
402
1125
С1-8-5
► BELL
REI RIN SUZU
	Joyo	S13-8-5	K4675
167	B0940	01710	U9234
7	> Л Л £	£	£	$ g
1	23456789
Г'ГЖ
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] bell (that jingles or rings)
IEStj denrei electric bell
ft yorei the first bell
ffift ginrei silver bell
Mft furin wind-bell
PfL^ft yobirin (call) bell, doorbell
[KUN]
[suzu ft] bell (that jingles)
ftM suzuran lilyofthevalley
ft .ЕЁ suzumushi "bell ring" insect (a kind of
cricket)
► IRON
TETSU Ц] капе kurokane
1126		Jdyo-3	S13-8-5	K3720
E1-8-5	167	B0570	01711	U9244
10	11	12	13
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] iron
ftSPI tekko iron and steel
ftfi^ teppan iron [steel] plate
ft®5 tekkin ferro-(concrete)
ft® teppo gun, firearm
ftlS tetsudd railway
ft# tekkotsu steel [iron] frame
ffiift seitetsu iron manufacture
^ftsfejS hitetsu-kinzoku nonferrous met-
als
© abbrev. of ftit tetsudd: railway, railroad line
8-5 [|
------------------------------------------ ~
И ft kokutetsu Japanese National Railways 1
(defunct)
iftTft chikatetsu subway
?Aft shitetsu nongovernmental [private] rail-
road line	S
® ft dentetsu electric railway
[independent!
[tetsu ft] IRON
ft CD tetsu no ferrous, ferric
ft 0^7—tetsu no katen iron curtain
ЗП
1127
E1-8-5
► SATIATED
HO a(kiru) a(kasu)
i	Joyo	S13-8-5	K4316
184	D1852	®1715	U98FD
12 3 4
ЙДНЯ
10 11 12 13
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] (have a full stomach) sati-
ated, sated, satisfied, surfeited
Ъ hoshokusuru satiate oneself, sur-
feit, eat one's fill
fiSSS homan satiety, surfeit
hoshoku dan'i being well fed and
well clad
howa saturation
[kun]
[akiru ®gSS>]
0 [also suffix] be satiated, be surfeited, be fed
up
© grow tired of, lose interest in
a M cf ® gS S) kikiakiru be fed up listening to
lZ IS cf & kairaku ni akiru be satiated
with pleasures
b aki weariness, tiresomeness
cSO akippoi be fickle [capricious],
get soon wearied of
® gS ® cSTS) akiakisuru be sick (of), be
bored (with), be fed up
[akasu t&Z^T] surfeit, satiate, spend un-
sparingly; tire, bore (a reader)
Ф LT капе niakashite regardless
403
1125-1127
Е 8-5
1 --------------------------------------------
1	of expense, sparing no money
f & cS Xi H choshu о akasanai
hold the attention of the audience
T IHOMOPHONESI
® akiru JT =*®3017
ffl	S3 1128	► RAISE ANIMALS SHI ka(u)			
		i	Joyo-5	S13-8-5	K2784
	E1-8-5	184	C1484	®1716	U98FC
P й
123456789
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] raise animals, rear, breed,
keep
shiikusuru raise animals, breed,
rear
shiryo fodder
[KUN]
[kau О ] raise (animals), rear; keep (a dog),
feed (cattle)
hitsujikai shepherd
hanashigai grazing; letting (a
dog) run free
kaiinu housedog
decorate
shushokusuru decorate, orna-
ment; gram modify
Sift denshoku decorative illumination
SffilffOMj mankanshoku no fune full
dress ship
b fukushoku dress and its ornaments
[KUN]
[kazaru iff <5 ] decorate, ornament, adorn,
embellish; affect, be affected; exhibit, display
if iff <5 kikazaru dress up
kazaritateru decorate gaudily,
deck out
[kazari iff 0 ] ornament, decoration; embel-
lishment, display, ostentation
iff	kazarike no nai unaffected,
plain
ttiff 0 kubikazari necklace
► TRUNK
KAN miki Ц] moto
T	Joyo-5	513-3-10	K2020
51	A0400	®1718	U5E79
ICOMPOUNDSl
► DECORATE
SHOKU kaza(ru) kaza(ri)
	Joyo	SI 3-8-5	K3094
184	C1223	®1717	U98FE
r
12345678	9
row
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] decorate, adorn, orna-
ment, embellish
0 decoration, ornament
a	soshokusuru ornament, adorn,
О [original meaning] tree trunk
jukan trunk, shaft
konkan basis, root; keynote; [original
meaning] root and trunk
kukan body, trunk, physique
0 (main part of something) trunk, main part
kansen trunk line, main line
kanbu executive, (managing) staff
kanji manager, secretary; organizer
kikan mainstay, nucleus
shukan editor in chief
[KUN]
[miki $£] tree trunk
1128-1130
404
QZZt ►HEIR RTlU 1 SHI tsu9u tsu9'			
1131	□ E1-8-5	30	Joyo	SI 3-3-10	K2744
	D1921	@1719	U55E3
I	L	[	I.!	 	12	3	4 wJffl'J wnJ w 10	11	12	13	I a П |	ГЗ u lu ivr-l n in in nd	
	5	6	7	8	9 1!		
IcompoundsI
Ф heir, successor
shishi heir, successor
з=Й koshi Imperial Heir, Crown Prince
1132
E1-8-6
► COPPER
DO
	Jdyd-5	S14-8-6	K3828
167	C1576	®1721	U9285
/ л * i J § §
£ПЙ fl •  • •
10	11	12	13	14
IcompoundsI
О [also prefix] [original meaning] copper
fflSS doko copper ore
dosen copper wire
$|5]Uj dozan coppermine
ddka copper coin, copper
ddsoba market price of copper
WifO seidd bronze
0 bronze
dozo bronze statue [image]
[Independent!
[do 0^1 COPPER
ЯЮ do no copper
[ Ж »
8-6 Д
p..p.p..f..p.P.p.|.|т)1
123456789
row
10	11	12	13	14
IcompoundsI
Ф0 SILVER
0 (of silvery color) silver
a SlSf ginka silver coin
suigin mercury, quicksilver
jungin pure silver
shosangin silver nitrate
ifeSl kingin gold and silver; money
b ffife gin'iro silver color, silveriness
ginkonshiki silver wedding
ЖМ ginga Milky Way; galaxy
SB К ginpatsu silver hair
ЙЖ gingami aluminum [tin] foil, silver paper
0 (medium of exchange) silver, silver coin,
money, wages
ffifr ginko bank
IBS* ginza the Ginza; mint (during Edo pe-
riod)
ginhon'isei silver standard
j(IB chingin wages, pay
SB rogin wages (for labor)
© abbrev. of И ginko: bank
Bffi nichigin Bank of Japan
fijSB kangin hypothecary bank
I^SB kaigin development bank
[independent!
[gin SB] silver
Ж ‘fc 1X Ъ gin о toru desilverize; capture a
gin
A-Ь kGUN
	Joyo	S14-8-6	K2938
167	C1060	®1723	U9283
1133
В1-8-6
► SILVER
GIN [§ капе shirokane
	Jdyd-3	S14-8-6	K2268
167	A0324	®1722	U9280
405
1131-1134
J 8-6
1 .	---------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] (portable firearm) gun, rifle, fire-
arm
g	jusei sound of gunfire
SSЦ jdgeki shooting, gunning (down)
juho firearm
kenju pistol, handgun
ЖЙЙ5 ryoju hunting gun
tanju pistol
У )]/$& raifuruju rifle
{ЙИЖ kikanju machinegun
[INDEPENDENT!
[ju IS] gun, rifle
ISOW junotsutsu barrel of a gun
1135
E1-8-6
► INSCRIPTION
MEI
	Joyo	S14-8-6	K4435
167	C1438	@1724	U9298
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (name or words inscribed on
metal or stone) inscription, epitaph (usu.
written in classical Chinese)
SSX meibun inscription
himei inscription, epitaph
bohimei epitaph, inscription on a
tombstone
0 engrave on one's mind, bear in mind
I&pB'TЪ meikisuru bear in mind, remem-
ber; inscribe, engrave
kanmei deep impression
0 name (inscribed by maker on finished prod-
uct), appellation, signature
S8 JJ meito sword inscribed by the sword
smith
meigara brand name, brand, name
meiutsu engrave an inscription; call
[designate] itself
mumeino anonymous
0 unclassified compounds
ISIS meimei each, severally
1136
В1-8-6
► MONEY
SEN zeni
	Jbyb-5	S14-8-6	K3312
167	B0992	@1725	U92AD
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 MONEY, cash
0 coin, copper coin
a ifelt kinsen money, cash
St! 0 ® tsurisen change
musenno penniless, moneyless
shusendo miser, slave of money
ЖХЙ1 saisen money offering
b Av® barasen (small) change, loose coins
dosen copper coin
/кВДаГ® anaakisen perforated coin
0 money paid, charges, fee
sento public bath, bathhouse
AP IS kidosen gate money, admission fee
0 sen: monetary unit equiv. to 1 /100 of a yen
— PJ	n/en gojussen 2 yen 50 sen
[KUN]
[zeni Si ] money, cash; coin, copper coin
zeninotoreru worth the money
Siffi zenibako cashbox
ФЙ1 kozeni small money, small coin [change]
0 Si hizeni daily income in cash
•S'Si mizeni one's own money
SiAtl zeniire purse, till
1137
E1-8-6
► PIG IRON
SEN
	Joyo	S14-8-6	K3313
167	D2570	@1726	U9291
1135-1137
406
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
• PIG IRON
sentetsu pig iron
1138
E1-8-6
► QUIET
SEI JO shizu- shizu(ka)
shizu(maru) shizu(meru)
Ц] yasushi
w	Jdyd-4	S14-8-6	K3237
174	B0704	®1728	U9759
- 1+ i + !£ IS S 	1	1	1	1 in 	WE		i R i
123456789
riw»
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (free from noise) quiet,
still, silent
© (free of agitation) quiet, calm, serene,
tranquil
0 (make quiet) quiet, calm, still
a	seijaku silence, quietness, stillness
Ъ seichd suru listen quietly
b	chinsei stillness, tranquility, slackness
heiseina calm, serene
11% reisei na cool, calm, cool-headed,
dispassionate
с Ъ chinseisuru calm down, be tran-
quilized, subside; calm, tranquilize
0 (motionless) still, quiet, static, inactive
%> seishisuru stand still, come to a
standstill
ilHjR jomyaku vein
[KUN]
[shizu- ЙН quiet, calm
shizukesa stillness, silence, tranquility
[shizuka
shizuka na h£$% quiet, silent, still; calm,
tranquil, gentle, quiet
shizukasa quiet, calm
feWZ)% monoshizuka na quiet, still, calm
8-7 Д
Ufa:$ VShizuka ni shinasai Be
quiet!
[shizumaru
0 become quiet, grow still	*
0 calm down, become tranquil, be lulled
a 0 Ж Ъ shizumarikaeru become still as jl
death
ft neshizumaru fall fast asleep °
b	О Zt Arashi ga shizumatta The
storm has abated
[shizumeru
0 (make quiet) quiet, calm, still
0 (make calm) appease, calm, pacify
ki о shizumeru compose one-
self, becalm one's feelings
IHOMQPHONESI
shizumaru QUELL =>1154
shizumeru
QUELL =4*1154
it SINK =>0195
1139
В1-8-7
► CAST
CHU i(ru)
	Joyo	S15-8-7	K3582
167	D2064	®1729	U92F3
10	11	12	13	14	15
[COMPOUNDS]
0 [original meaning] cast, mint, coin
chUtetsu iron casting
chuzo casting, minting, coining
[KUN]
[iru <5 ] cast, mint, coin
imono cast metal, casting
igata mold, cast, matrix, die
1140
E1-8-7
► SHARP
El surudo(i) Ц] toshi satoshi
	Joyo	S15-8-7	K1752
167	C1481	®1730	U92ED
407
1138-1140
Е 8-7
[ nl>
ОФ [original meaning] (having an acute point)
SHARP/ pointed
0 (having an acute edge) sharpz acute
а ЙЙЙ* eiho brunt (of an attack); incisive rea-
soning
sen'eina radical; acute, sharp
b eirina sharp, keen; acute, sharp,
clever
Sift eikaku acute angle
0 SHARP-witted/ quick, trenchant
eibinna sharp, keen, sensitive
0 the choice, the best (esp. troops)
Si Д eihei picked troops
WfSJZi shin'eina fresh picked
SS4 seiei best [pick] (of the aviators), choice
(of an army)
[kun]
[surudoi Si V] pointed, acute
Si $ surudosa sharpness, acuteness, poign-
ancy
Si VУ surudoinaifu sharp knife
МЙ0SiV^IS atama no surudoi otoko man
of keen intelligence
1141
El-8-7
► STARVED
GA
	Joyo	S15-8-7	K1878
184	D1846	®1734	U9913
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [original meaning] starved, hungry
gashi death from starvation
ЖЙ1 gaki hungry ghost; slang kid
kiga starvation, hunger, famine
О pave, lay
iSS hosd paving
пЙЖ hodo pavement, paved street
0 [also suffix] shop, store—said esp. of shops
having a long tradition
JSuS tenpo shop, store
rdho (=shinise) old [long-established]
shop
4=iiS meiho famous store, quality shop
ФпЙ honpo head office, main shop
ЖпЙ yakuho pharmacy, drugstore
► LOCK
qt-T* ► PILL
jo
1143	&	Joyo	S16-8-8	K3091
E1-8-8	167	D2047	©1737	U9320
/ Л			О $ IF	
ICOMPOUNDSI
[also suffix]
О lock, padlock
jomae lock
tejb handcuffs
0 pill, tablet
jozai pill, tablet
toijo sugar-coated pill
ЬсЗ7 bitaminjo vitamin tablet [pill]
[INDEPENDENT!
[jo Si!] lock
Й:	jo о kakeru fasten a lock
1141-1143
408
8-8 Д
1144
В1-8-8
► BROCADE
KIN nishiki Щ капе nishi
167	Names	S16-8-8	K2251
	C1224	®1738	U9326
ICOMPOUNDSl
•	[original meaning] brocade
kinki gold-brocade flag; pennant
[KUN]
[nishiki (Japanese) brocade; fine dress
nishikie color print
nishikigoi colored carp
► STEEL
KO hagane
	Jdyo-6	S16-8-8	K2561
167	C1048	®1740	U92FC
' л д $ ,$ $ £l
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
•	[also suffix] [original meaning] steel
kozai steel materials, structural steel
fiS® kohan steel plate
SHW kokan steel pipe [tubing]
seiko steel manufacture
tekko iron and steel
Xr/UXffl sutenresuko stainless steel
[kun]
[hagane M] steel
fflfe haganeiro steel blue
1146
В1-8-8
► REFINE
REN
&	Joyo	S16-8-8	K4703
167	D2037	®1741	U932C
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] refine (crude metals),
smelt; work metals, temper
renkinjutsu alchemy
8ОЛ rentetsu wrought iron
renko wrought steel
ffls® seiren refining, smelting; tempering
seiren smelting
tanrensuru temper, forge; train,
discipline
© refine one's mental and physical skills, train,
cultivate, improve one's character
ЙЙс rensei training, drilling
гепта suru train, practice, culti-
vate
ЖSI'TЪ shuren suru train, discipline
1147
E1-8-8
► RECORD
ROKU
	Jdyd-4	S16-8-8	K4731
167	B0541	®1742	U9332
7 Л S /О. iF|
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 [original meaning] record, write down,
register
© record on tape
kirokusuru record, register, write
down; set a record
Ъ shuroku suru collect, record, write
down
toroku registration
b rokuon sound recording
—V° rokuontepu tape (for record-
ing)
rokuga videotaping
© [also suffix] RECORD, records; proceedings,
annals
409
1144-1147
Е 8-8
*1 ----------------------------------------
1	@ ® mokuroku catalog
PtfiS furoku appendix, supplement
r	kaigiroku minutes, proceedings
a tn ® goroku analects, sayings
^FWfill heikdsui counterpoise, counter-
weight
[KUN]
[tSUmU fill] SPINDLE
»£	IJk ► MIXED UP SAKU			
» 1148	£		Joyo	S16-8-8 K2688	
В1-8-8	167 D1694			®1743	U932F
/	A		$ |$	S ir
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
				
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	
ICOMPOUNDSl				
tsumugata no spindle-shaped, fusi-
form
В1-8-8
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeE 1-9-8: $ at 1173
IB
1150
В1-8-8
► PUBLIC BUILDING
KAN tatev Ц] date tachi shiro
i	Joyd-3	S16-8-8	K2059
184	A0381	®1748	U9928
О mixed up, intricate, confused, disordered,
complicated
Jh&k sakusd complication, intricacy
kosakushita mingled, entangled,
complicated, intricate
00 mistaken, erroneous, wrong
0 put in the wrong place, invert
a sakugo mistake, error
sakkaku false perception, mistaken idea,
(optical) illusion
ShSL sakuran distraction, derangement, con-
fusion
b sakkaku alternate interior angles
@1йа tdsaku perversion, inversion
1149
В1-8-8
► SPINDLE
SUI tsumu
	Joyo	S16-8-8	K3178
167	D2984	<8>1744	U9318
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О spindle (for spinning)
8/fit bdsui spindle
0 [original meaning] weight, counterweight,
plumb
' > * Ч Л | I I’
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] PUBLIC building (esp. a large
building for cultural activities), hall, edi-
fice, pavilion
0 building
a IBfi kancho director, superintendent
^tB kaikan hall, assembly hall
Е1ЮВ toshokan library
taishikan embassy
^aKSB kominkan public hall, citizen's hall
ftWiB taiikukan gymnasium, gym
0&ШОВ eigakan cinema house, movie thea-
ter
52ВД1В bunmeikan The Bunmeikan Theater
IB kanadakan The Canada Pavilion
b 1ВЙ kannai in the building
ФВВ honkan this building; main building
ШВ bekkan annex, extension, outbuilding
00 [original meaning] inn, lodge
0 suffix after names of inns, hotels, restau-
rants or movie theaters
a MciB ryokan Japanese inn
b Ж Л SB fugetsukan The Fugetsukan Inn
1148-1150
410
8-10 П
1151
В1-8-8
► UNDERLING
REI
ж	Joyo	S16-8-8	K4676
171	D2043	01751	U96B7
1153
E1-8-9
► FREQUENTLY
HIN
к	Joyo	S17-9-8	K4149
181	D1705	01758	U983B
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (lowly person in servitude) underling, subor-
dinate, servant, lackey
dorei slave, servant
0 [original meaning] be subordinate [subject] to,
be under, be attached to
reijO slavery, servitude; servile obedi-
ence
reizoku subordination
► FORGE
TAN kita(eru) Щ kaji
1152		Joyo	S17-8-9	K3535
D1-8-9	167	D1843	01755	U935B
r f > \%' гвж
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
IcompoundsI
• [original meaning] forge, work metal, temper
ЙзЖ'З*Ъ tanren suru temper, forge; train,
discipline
tanko forged steel
[kun]
[kitaeru	forge, temper; train, drill,
discipline, attain proficiency
kitaeageta ude highly-
trained skill
1 T	v	*....*.....f T	..
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 frequently, repeatedly, often; frequent
hinpatsusuru occur frequently
hindo frequency
hinpanni frequently, very often
ЖЖ hinshutsu frequent appearance
1154
И1-8-10
► QUELL
CHIN shizu(meru) shizu(maru)
[Ц shizu shin shige mamoru
&	Joyo	S18-8-10	K3635
167	D1649	01759	U93AE
' f i j J r
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 (put down by force) quell, pacify, suppress,
subdue, put down
© (make calm) quell, pacify, appease, soothe
chin'atsu suru quell, suppress
chintei suppression, subdual
chinkasuru be extinguished
b 01 чрФЙ3 chinjunokami guardian god,
local deity
ШЖЙУ chintsuzai anodyne, painkiller
Шchinseisuru calm down, be tran-
quilized, subside; calm, tranquilize
chinkonkyoku requiem
[kun]
[shizumeru	quell, suppress, put
down, subdue, pacify
hanran оshizumeru quell a
rebellion
411
1151-1154
и 8-10
1 ----------------------------------------
1 [shizumaru H J be QUELLed, be sup-
pressed, subside, be put down
о Zt Bodo да shizumatta The
riot was put down
IHOMOPHONESI
shizumeru
QUIET =>1138
SINK ==>0195
shizumaru QUIET =>1138
1155
Cl-8-10
► SICKLE
REN ката Щ ken капе
	Names	S18-8-10	K1989
167	C1592	®1760	U938C
[KUN]
[kama St] sickle, scythe
ogama scythe
1156
C1-8-10
► CHAIN
SA kusari
	Joyo	S18-8-10	K2631
167	C1217	®1761	U9396
|/	Л	*	*	£	£ ,£	£	£'|
ij
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] chain
0 linked as if with a chain
а sajd chainlike
b SM# sakotsu collar bone, clavicle
ЛОЙ rensa chain (as of reasoning), link, series;
connection
0 (from the idea of binding with a chain) lock up,
shut, confine
Й1Я sakoku national isolation, exclusion of
foreigners
ИЗЙ’З"Ъ heisa suru lock, close, shut
ittK fusa blockade
[KUN]
[kusari Ж] chain; tether
tSzSI kingusari gold chain
fafft kusaridendo chain drive
1157	► MIRROR ► OPTICAL INSTRUMENT KYO kagami			
		Jdyd-4	S19-8-11	K2232
E1-8-11	167	C1379	®1766	U93E1
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
M
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
О [original meaning] mirror
kyodai dressing table
ia® kyomen surface of a mirror
JxS'f’SI hanshakyd reflex mirror, reflector
sanmenkyo vanity [dresser] with
three mirrors
0 optical instrument, viewing instrument,
-scope, lens
tfeSlS kenkyo microscopic examination, mi-
croscopy
boenkyo telescope
kenbikyo microscope
senbokyo periscope
rogankyo spectacles for the aged,
reading glasses
[kun]
[kagami mirror
kagamiita panel, scene-panel
tekagami hand glass
[SPECIAL READINGS]
megane (=gankyo) glasses, spectacles;
judgment, insight
IHOMOPHONESI
kagami H appraise =>®1773
И a	incorrect classification
=>see d-4-15: Я at 0752
E1-8-11
1155-1157
412
9-2 E
incorrect stroke-count
ЗИП1	=>see E1-8-15: I at 1160
E1-8-14

1158	A	Joyo	S19-11-8	K2360
E1-8-11	196	D1773	01768	U9D8F
; i.j.|. П..Ж.I
.1	23456789
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
M
19
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] chicken, hen, cock; poultry
XIЙ keiniku chicken (meat)
XI5P keiran (hen's) egg
Xlcf keisha henhouse
МХЙ yokei chicken raising
SIH tokei cockfight, fighting cock
[KUN]
[niwatori И J chicken, hen, cock
1159		Joyo	S20-8-12	K3066
El-8-12	167	D1689	01769	U9418

19	20
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] bell (that tolls)
© bell or sound of a bell (as for announcing),
alarm
a shoro bell tower, belfry
bonsho temple bell
b USS keisho alarm bell, warning
[KUN]
[капе U] bell (that tolls), gong
tsurigane hanging bell, temple bell
№
1160
В1-8-15
► APPRAISE
► REFERENCE VOLUME
KAN
	Joyo	S23-8-15	K2053
167	C1530	01773	U9451
7 Л Л Л £	£	£	£
123456789
..............9..........
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
iiPn J’lrriJnn.iKjnii
19	20	21	22	23
[COMPOUNDS]
r F F & F

О appraise, judge, appreciate, discern, iden-
tify
ЙшЖ kansho appreciation
kanteisuru appraise, judge, esti-
mate, identify
-b kanshiki suru identify, judge; dis-
cern
SmSlI kanbetsu discrimination, judgment
mukansano not submitted to the
selecting committee
0 REFERENCE volume, directory, handbook,
book
Him zukan picture [illustrated] book
nenkan yearbook
meikan list, directory
hokan handbook, thesaurus
0 mark of identification, sign
imtL kansatsu license, certificate
fPSmi inkan personal seal
S'J
1161
El-9-2
► SECONDARY
FUKU Ц soe soi
IJ	Jdyd-4	S11-2-9	K4191
18	A0373	01776	U526F
413
1158-1161
J 9-2
[also prefix]
0 secondary, sub-, subordinate, vice-, dep-
fH uty, assistant
0 (in addition to the main thing) accessory, side-,
extra, supplementary, additional
a	fukusayd secondary effect, reaction
fukujitekina secondary
fukudaitoryo vice-president
glJI&SI fukusori deputy prime minister
±ЕйУ seifuku principal and vice [assistant];
original and copy
b fukushi adverb
fukushinkei accessory nerves
йУЖ fukushd supplementary [extra] prize
йОЖ fukugyo subsidiary business
нУУХА fukushunyu additional income
йУЙ4Й fukusanbutsu by-product, side line
1162
El-9-2
► CHECK
► INTUITIVE PERCEPTION
KAN
	Joyo	S11-2-9	K2010
19	D1636	®1777	U52D8
00 check, examine, collate, compare
0 take into consideration, give considera-
tion to, think about
а iSSaE kanjd calculation; account, settlement
of accounts
kankosuru examine and correct,
collate
b kanko consideration, deliberation
ЙЙЖА"Ъ kan'an suru take into considera-
tion, give consideration (to)
kanbensuru pardon, forgive; tol-
erate
0 INTUITIVE PERCEPTION: sense, perception;
horse sense, intuition, sixth sense
ЯЙ31И kanchigai wrong guess [impression]
BM't < kanzuku sense (a danger)
ШВЙА yamakande by guesswork
[INDEPENDENT!
[кап ЯЙ] sense, perception; horse sense,
intuition
kannoiihito person of quick
perception
"h*IZ Й'Т'ЫЙ ongaku ni taisuru kan
musical sense
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж ENDURE ^0409
► MOVE
DO ugo(ku) ugo(kasu)
	Jdyd-3	S11-2-9	K3816
19	A0082	®1778	U52D5
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] move, be in action,
vibrate, pulsate
0 [also suffix] phys motion, vibration, action
a Srffy dobutsu animal
<5 doyosuru shake, tremble; be dis-
turbed, waver
ЙНЙ undo motion, movement; exercise;
campaign
§ S] jidd automatic operation; automatic
iddsuru move, shift, transfer
'FSjjSi fudosan immovable property, real
estate
kidosei mobility, maneuverability
b dosei movements, state of affairs, condi-
tions
hado wave motion, undulation
hando backlash, recoil, reaction
00 (set in motion, esp. machines) move, drive,
operate
0 move (personnel) to another position;
make a motion
1162-1163
414
0 (be active) move, change, vary
а doryoku power
kudo drive (of a machine)
$p®J shidd starting (machines)
gendoryoku motive force
{ix®J dendo transmission, drive, gearing
MSftO dendo no electric powered
b dogi a motion
ЛЖЙ1Й jinjiido personnel changes, re-
shuffle
c SJj[p] ddko trend, tendency, movement
ffi®J katsudo activity, action; function
3£®J hendo change, fluctuation
00 move to action, arouse, stir
© be MOVEd with emotion, be excited, be
startled
а ЙИТ& doinsuru mobilize (an army)
Й1Й doki motive, incentive
ШЙ'ТЪ shutsudd suru take the field, be
dispatched, turn out
sendosuru instigate, agitate
hatsuddsuru exercise, invoke;
move, put in motion
ь ЯЫб’З"Ъ doten suru be frightened, be
stunned
kandosuru be moved, be im-
pressed
00 behave, act
0 behavior, conduct
dosa action, movement; bearing, behav-
ior
fT®J kodo action, conduct, behavior
^®J kyodo deportment, conduct, behavior,
action
Ж ®J gendo speech and behavior [conduct]
0 fall into disorder, be disturbed
ftSL doran upheaval, disturbance, agitation
ii®J sodo disturbance, uproar; strife; confu-
sion
bodo riot, disturbance, uprising
[independent!
[dojiru (=ddzuru) 8ftC£(=®]T<5)]be
MOVEd with emotion
[KUN|
[ugoku ®J < ] vi move, shift, stir, shake; work,
run, operate; change, vary; (take action) move,
act, be active
[ м я* -|R st
9-4 К
------------------------------------------ 1
®JcT ugoki movement, motion, activity; trend, '
development
®JcT0<5 ugokimawaru move about; get
about; be busily engaged
ШМТЙ denki de ugoku run by electric- ¥
ity
of neugoki fluctuation [movement] in
prices
1ST'®] < коде de ugoku act behind the
scenes
[ugokasu ®J^T] vtMOVE, shift, remove;
set in motion, drive, operate; change, alter
III	tsukue о ugokasu move [shift] a
desk
0 yuriugokasu shake, swing;
shock
®]/^ LIS H ugokashigatai immovable; un-
shakable, undeniable
1164
В1-9-2
► SURPLUS
JO
'J	Joyo	S11-2-9	K3074
18	C1383	®1779	U5270
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] surplus, excessive, re-
dundant
joyo surplus, remainder, balance
SOU. join superfluous member
kajo surplus, excess
yojo surplus, remainder, residue
► SHOES
KA kutsu
	Joyo	S13-9-4	K2304
177	D1752	®1781	U9774
415
1164-1165
П 9-4
1 .
ICOMPOUNDSI
ф [original meaning] shoes, boots
®!Kt seika shoemaking
Ж Kt gunka military shoes, combat boots
% И
[kutsu ¥ft 1 [also suffix] shoes, boots
KtT kutsushita socks, stockings
Ж KtS kutsuzumi shoe polish
kutsuoto sound of a person's footsteps
UM L kutsunaoshi shoe mending
Kt УУ У kutsuburashi shoe brush
я	SKt kawagutsu leather shoes
z'	SKt nagagutsu boots, top boots
3E®j¥ft undogutsu sneakers
^ztKt shinshigutsu men's shoes
XX— b Kt suketogutsu skates
IHOMOPHONESI
kutsu 7£x =>®2419
1166
E1-9-4
► NEW
SHIN atara(shii) ara(ta) ara- nii-
[D atarashi atara yoshi chika
Jf	Jdyd-2	S13-4-9	K3123
69	A0037	01784	U65B0
00 [also prefix] new, novel, fresh
Ф (close in time) new, recent; newly
a Sf I0 shinkyu old and new
Sflxl shinbun newspaper
SWfe shinsenna fresh
Sf? shinnen New Year
SfSSnn shinseihin new products
shinhatsumei new invention
[discovery]
Sflft^?- shinsekai new world, the New World
StlS^-b shinsetsusuru establish newly,
create
SfA shinjin new talent, rookie; newcomer
SffJ shinkan new publication
Sfl^£8 shinkansen Shinkansen, Bullet Train
Sf^ME shingakki new term
ab®SfO saishinno newest, latest
b SfHO shinkono rising, newly-established
SfAzfe. shinnyusei new student [pupil],
freshman
Sf Ж shinmai new rice; new hand, novice
0 make new, renew, renovate
—Srt"^ isshinsuru renovate, change com-
pletely; be renovated
¥Sf kakushin innovation, reform, renova-
tion
HESf?^» koshinsuru renew, renovate, in-
novate
ishin renovation, restoration; Imperial
Restoration of 1868
[KUN]
[atarashii Sf 1/0] new, novel, fresh
Sf lx < atarashiku new, newly, anew
JtSf 1x0 maatarashii brand-new
@ Sf 1x0 meatarashii novel, new, original
[arata Stfc]
aratana SfAZi new, fresh
Sf arata ni newly, afresh; again
[ara- Si"J new, fresh
St?1 arate fresh supply of troops; newcomer;
new method
[nii- St-1 new
StS niizuma new wife
1167
В1-9-4
► OFFER
KEN KON
	Joyo	S13-4-9	K2405
94	B0579	01785	U732E
IcompoundsI
O0 offer (esp. to a superior), present, dedi-
cate
0 donate, contribute
а ЙХ&Й'Т'Ь kennosuru offer, present, donate
%) kenjo suru present (a gift to a su-
perior)
ЙЙ* kenshin self-sacrifice, devotion
1166-1167
416
kentei presentation
b Ъ kenkinsuru donate [contribute]
money
fiftlfn. kenketsu blood donation
ЖЙК koken contribution, services
0 offer wine to a guest
ЙЙЙ. kondate menu, preparations
0 literature, records
bunken literature, documentary records
1168
E1-9-4
► DRUM
KO tsuzumi Ц] tsutsumi
&	Joyo	S13-13-0	K2461
207	D1843	®1786	U9F13
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 DRUM
fU kotekitai drum and fife band
koshu drummer
UIM komaku eardrum
taiko (big) drum; professional jester;
flatterer; big obi bow
[kun]
[tsuzumi hand drum, tabor
jfcSSi otsuzumi large hand drum
Я*О haratsuzumi о utsu drum the
belly; eat to one's heart's content
	► WAR SEN ikusa tataka(u)			
1169		Jdyd-4	S13-4-9	K3279
E1-9-4	62	A0101	®1787	U6226
				
		r?	It -Ж	
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] war, wage war, fight
9-4 U
0 [also suffix] war, battle, combat, warfare
G [also suffix] (active hostility) war, battle
а Sc^ senso war, battle
ScKI sento battle, fight, combat
Sc^ senjo battlefield, front
b ScЙЦ senzen prewar period, period before
Second World War
Sef^c sengo postwar period, period after Sec-
ond World War
Sc$S sensen (war) front, battle line
Sc sakusen tactics, strategy; (military) op-
erations, maneuvers
f&Sc haisen lost battle, defeat
M$Sc chosen challenge, defiance
kuchiisen air battle, dogfight
4.4^)Sc seibutsusen biological warfare
c ronsen verbal battle, controversy
tS'^Sc keizaisen economic war
0 [also suffix] match, game, contest
ШSc~?"Ъ kansen suru watch (a ball game);
observe (military operations)
^-IBSc someisen Waseda-Meiji (baseball)
game
MS Sc kesshdsen final round match, finals
[kun]
[ikusa Sc] war, fight, battle
[tatakau Sc 5]
О wage war, fight
Йе V * tatakai war, fight, battle; match, game,
contest
lift h Sc О teki to tatakau fight one's enemy
giron о tatakawasu have a
discussion
0 contest, contend, play a match [game]
1E1E^^ Sc4o Z) Seiseidodd to tatakao
Let's play the game fairly
[HOMOPHONES]
tatakau II FIGHT =>2102
tatakai Й fight =>2102
1170
В1-9-4
[ 5Я -|K W Ж
► NUMBER
SU SU kazu kazo(eru)
ft	Jdyd-2	S13-4-9	K3184
66	A0136	®1790	U6570
417
1168-1170
В 9-4
1 р р' |« |¥ р |* || || ||
123456789
TEiSHii
“	10	11	12	13
J ICOMPOUNDSl
-±* О [also suffix] (amount) number, quantity
m	sQryo quantity, volume
Hl	sosu total (number)
щ	tasu no a number of, many
tesu (=tekazu) trouble, bother, pains
I	tonsO tonnage
jg AIS ninzu (=ninzu) number of people
kaisu frequency, number of times
seitosu number of pupils
© [prefix] (a small number, esp. between three and
five) several
^C[U sukai several times
sunenkan several years
+» jusupeji ten odd pages
© [also suffix] (abstract mathematical unit) num-
ber, numbers
sQji figure, numeral
MSi taisQ logarithm
shisu index (number); exponent
Ц!Ж kansd math function
il shizensu natural number
murisu irrational number
0 count, enumerate, reckon
sansu arithmetic; calculation
© mathematics
sugaku mathematics
eisu English and mathematics
[KUN]
[kazu |&] NUMBER
kazuoku in large numbers
kazukazuno numerous, many
ata ma kazu number of persons, head
count
[kazoeru A <5 ] count, reckon, calculate,
number, enumerate
Ifc A7?^+ kazoe de hatachi 20 years old
by Japanese count
Л№ЙЖ0-А^А£>ПЗ
daisakkyokuka no hitori ni
kazoerareru be reckoned among the
greatest composers
[SPECIAL READINGS]
juzu (Buddhist) rosary
1171
E1-9-4
► PALACE
► FORMAL HONORIFIC TITLE
DEN TEN tono -dono
	Joyo	SI 3-4-9	K3734
79	C1015	01792	U6BBF
’.T¥VV f f If

10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
©0 (large stately building) palace, hall, man-
sion
© (residence of nobility) palace, shrine, tem-
ple
а Ke'S* dendo hall, palace, shrine; sanctuary
ЙЖ shinden main house
b Ж Ф 7Г denchu de in the palace
Жйя kyuden palace (of a royal person)
W® goten palace
WMx shinden shrine, sanctuary
© [also suffix] FORMAL HONORIFIC TITLE
denka His Imperial Highness
ЖЖ kiden you
[KUN]
[tono Ж] lord; my lord, his lordship
МхШ tonosama feudal lord
wakatono young lord
[-dono -Ж] FORMAL HONORIFIC TITLE: Es-
quire, Esq., Mister
ill ffl yamada taro-dono Taro Ya-
mada, Esq.
MtlbMx gichddono Mr. Chairman
ffl
1172
В1-9-7
► PARENT
► RELATIVES
► INTIMATE
SHIN oya oya- shita(shii)
shita(shimu) Щ chika chikashi
я 147	Joyo-2	S16-7-9	K3138
	A0440	®>1799	U89AA
1171-1172
418
'	" ;*	!4JS	If	# J
ю 11	12	13	14	15	16
[compounds!
О PARENT
ЮУ-S shinken parental authority
|Й“Р shinshi (=oyako) parent and child
MSI rybshin parents
0 relatives, kin, relations (by marriage)
ЯЖ shinzoku relative
йхМ shinrui relatives, relations
shinseki relative
Н^й^? sanshinto kinsman of the third de-
gree (of consanguinity)
1Й^Й nikushin blood relation
© intimate, familiar, dose, friendly
shin'yu close [intimate] friend
^й?и^£ shinmitsuna intimate, close
shin'ai love, affection
shinsetsuna kind, friendly, obliging
0 Л ^ЙИ nichii-shinzen friendly relations
between Japan and Israel
0 [prefix] pro- (some country)
?й 0 shinnichi pro-Japan
[KUN]
[oya parent, father, mother; card dealer
Sifta oyayubi thumb
oyabun boss, big shot
^й*1т oyakbkb filial piety [duty]
oyafukb lack of filial piety
chichioya father
[oya- ^й-] [also prefix] parent, mother; mas-
ter
oyabune mother ship
byagaisha parent company
[shitashii 8LH] intimate,familiar,close,
friendly
shitashisa intimacy
SJLlXicjS shitashii tomodachi close
[intimate] friend
^й L < shitashiku intimately; personally, in
person
[shitashimu H L be intimate with,
commune with; form a liking for, take to
^й shitashimi intimacy, familiarity
9-9 Д
— 1
1173
D1-9-8
► BALL
KIKU KYU KU mari
¥	Names	S17-9-8	K2139
177	D2481	01802.5	U97A0
[KUN]
[mari $S]ball
maritsuki ball-bouncing game
kemari ancient football game
IHOMOPHONESI
mari Й BALL =>2052
► AMOUNT
I GAKU hitai Ц] nuka
1174	ж	Jdyd-5	S18-9-9	K1959
El-9-9	181	A0379	01805	U984D
1 ’ h’		I?	HSS-I	[	Ii	|
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI

[ ЭД Ш=]	]
О [also suffix] amount (of money), sum, vol-
ume, quantity
tl® gakumen face value; denomination
zfeSI kingaku amountof money, sum
tagaku large amount [sum]
sbgaku total amount, sum total
zengaku sum total, total amount
Я getsugaku monthly amount [sum]
seisangaku amountofproduction
0 picture frame, frame, framed picture
ЖШ gakubuchi (picture) frame
© [original meaning] forehead, brow
zengakubu forehead; frontlet
[INDEPENDENT!
[gaku	amount (of money), sum, volume;
picture frame, framed picture, tablet
kyodainagaku colossalamount
<5 gaku nisuru set in a frame
419
1173-1174
Е 9-9
1 ;=;----------------------------------------
[KUN]
Chitai Ж] forehead, brow
JA И® hiroi hitai broad forehead, high brow
[ ]$ шз «к ]
1—1	► MANIFEST rF.I—|	KEN [U aki akira			
1175 Ж E1-9-9	181	Joyo	S18-9-9	K2418
	D1630	01806	U9855
1 п н та ЕЭ 13 a ja is Я i Я Я Я Я Я Я1			
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (readily perceived) manifest, apparent, no-
ticeable, obvious
0 [original meaning] (show plainly) manifest,
reveal, expose
a kenchona notable, conspicuous;
clear, obvious
Ж/К'Т-Ь kenjisuru reveal
kenzaikasuru be actualized
roken discovery, detection, exposure
b	kenbikyd microscope
лЯ 1176	► KIND RUI			
	я	Jdyd-4	S18-9-9	K4664
E1-9-9	181	B0700	01807	U985E
' P' Г2	;
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 kind, class, sort, category, genus, species
0 [suffix] things ofthe same kind, group
G separate by kind, classify
0 [also suffix] idiomatic term for biological
class or order
а ЙЖ shurui kind, sort, species, type
jinrui mankind, humankind
IrI® dorui same kind, same class
icЖ irui clothes, garments
b TINS shitagirui underclothes
jishorui dictionaries (and similar
books)
с 5^ Ж bunrui classification
d	honyurui Mammalia
ЙЙЖ shokunikurui carnivorous animals,
Carnivora
0 ofthe same kind:
0 similar, resembling, synonymous
0 be similar, resemble, be alike
а ЖИг ruisho books ofthe same kind, similar
books
Ж§^ ruikei similar type, prototype, pattern
Жвё ruigo synonym, correlated word
b Ж1И ruiji resemblance, similarity
О blood relation, kin
ЖЖ shinrui relatives, relations
№,
1177
E1-9-9
► FACE
GAN kao
ж	Jdyd-2	S18-9-9	K2073
181	B0695	01808	U9854
•	- V * * p p %
ifiFiFiFiFiFiPiSM
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 face, countenance
© (facial expression) face, looks, features
о ME ganmen face
St® sengan washing one's face
tt® kogan rosy face, peachy cheeks
b ®fi ganshoku (=kaoiro) complexion, coun-
tenance, expression
жЙО doganno boyish looking, baby-faced
Ж®& kogan na impudent, shameless, bra-
zen
®£® hagan broad smile
[kun]
[kao ®]
0 FACE
© [also suffix] (facial expression) face, looks,
expression
1175-1177
420
а Ж# cf kaotsuki face, countenance; expres-
sion, look
ЖМ^1 kaobure personnel
ЖелИ kaoawase meeting, introduction;
being matched against each other
Ж9|х^<^ kaonajimi familiar face, friend
Ж Ж sugao face without makeup
b 5?Ж egao smiling face, smile
b А>Ж shirankao feigned ignorance, un-
concerned air
Й^-эТ^Ж okottakao angry face
[countenance]
Ю-2 П
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 create, bring into being, invent
0 initiate, originate, start
а sozd creation
Ъ sosakusuru create, produce; write
a story
ЖЙ soi original idea, ingenuity
ЙШЙ soseiki Genesis
dokusoteki original, creative
b	soritsusuru establish, organize,
start
Й[1$д soshi initiating, creation, foundation
tllflj sdkan launching a magazine; first issue
Й1Ж sogyo inauguration of an enterprise
jftlsS sdsetsu establishment, founding
[ w № D|tt} йф ]
1178	в	Joyo	S19-9-10	K1704
E1-9-10	180	D2299	01811	U97FB
.....r*..s...s...s...s...s
n m m
123456789
0 |b |B ।bi ।вГI Bii gH hhibJs
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
1180
В1-10-2
► DIVIDE
KATSU wa(ru) wari wa(ri)
wa(reru) sa(ku)
IJ	Jdyo-6	S12-2-10	K1968
18	A0300	01816	U5272
I' и
iI j | I \ I j 1	[ Г»
123456789
If..ISiЖ
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] rhyme, rhyming
ЖЖ inritsu rhythm, meter, measure
ЖЖ to in alliteration, head rhyme
ЙРЖ kyakuin rhyme, end rhyme
О melodious tone, agreeable sound, reso-
nance
yoin lingering tone, resonance, rever-
beration; aftertaste, impregnated ele-
gance
1179
E1-10-2
► CREATE
SO Ц] hajime
IJ	Joyb-6	S12-2-10	K3347
18	B0833	@1815	U5275
О (separate into parts) divide (up), split; cede
WOK карри (=wappu) payment by install-
ments
kakkyosuru hold one's own
ground
katsuaisuru part with (something),
give up; omit (reluctantly)
WOBS katsujo cession of territory
bunkatsusuru divide up, partition,
split
0 [original meaning] cut with a knife, cut in two
W'JJM kappuku disembowelment, harakiri
katsurei circumcision
IKUN]
[waru vi
O0 divide (up), cut (in half), allot
0 math divide
a Wif 0 ^3 X wariate assignment, allotment
WOO ЙЙ warikan equal split, Dutch treat
421
1178-1180
[ w № Dft &U> ]
E 10-2
b SO О Ж warizan division
SOO W Ъ warikiru divide; give a clear-cut
solution
©0 crack, break
0 split, chop (wood)
a □ у SO <5 koppu о waru crack [break] a
glass
b WO 0 wariin tally impression
Й 0 Wx waribashi half-split (disposable)
chopsticks
Z2S>S0 0 futatsuwari cutting in two; one
half
© push open, separate, part
SO 0 warikomu wedge (oneself) in,
squeeze oneself into
0 open up, disclose
SO 0 waridasu deduce, infer; calculate,
compute
[wari ®|]
0 rate, proportion, ratio
0 counter for units of 10%
0 abbrev. of WO ?1 waribiki: discount
aWOlZ warini comparatively, rather
WO ? I	waribiku give a discount, make a re-
duction
SO? I waribiki discount, reduction
SO o' wariai rate, proportion, ratio; compara-
tively
SOcUZ wariai ni relatively; a little, rather
b —WO ichiwari 10%
HSO S ft sanwarigobu 35%
c ^SO gakuwari student discount
[wari SO 0 ] dilution; equal split, Dutch treat;
[in compounds] allotment, assignment
zKSO V mizuwari whisky and water
WWTiio wari de harau split the account
tSWO yakuwari assigning [allotment of] parts;
part, role, duty
B^IhISO 0 jikanwari hour assignment, time
table
[wareru WOtl^ ] vi crack, break, be smashed;
be DiviDEd [forked], be separated; (lose unity)
split (into); math be divisible
#Jtlg wareme crevice, crack; cleft
SO^tZiPP wareta tamago broken egg
tX/SOtl hibiware crack, fissure
WHflSOtl nakamaware split among friends,
division in the camp
ZlTTWOtL^) ni de wareru be divisible by two
[saku SO < J spare (time), set [put] aside
Hf M SO < jikan о saku spare time (for)
IHOMQPHONESI
saku SPLIT =>1727
► TRIUMPH
GAI KAI HI yoshi toki tanoshi
1181
E1-10-2
	Names	S12-2-10	K1914
16	D2292	01817.5	U51F1
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 TRIUMPH, victory
йИЙЕЪ gaisen suru return from a victori-
ous campaign
sUffizM gaisenmon arch of triumph
1182
В1-10-2
► SERVICE
KIN GON tsuto(meru) -zuto(me)
tsuto(maru) Ц] tsutomu iso
	Joyo-6	S12-2-10	K2248
19	B0816	01818	U52E4
		w	-et	¥ ¥
i....
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (employment in general) service, duty, work,
employment
kinzoku continuous service, continu-
ance in service
ЙЪ tsukin suru commute, go to one's
office
Ъ tenkin suru be transferred (to an-
other office)
>KC=0) kekkin absence (from work)
Й1Й yakin night duty
0 work diligently [hard], labor, strive; work
faithfully
1ЙЙЙ kinben diligence, assiduity, industry
Ъ kinmu suru do duty, serve, be on
duty, work
kinro labor, work, service
kinken diligence and thrift
1181-1182
422
Stjft gongyd Buddhistic service, sutra chant-
ing
chukin loyal [faithful] service
|KUN]
[tsutomeru Й) tib %) ] serve (in an office), hold
a job, be in the service of
tsutome service, employment, duties;
Buddhistic service, sutra chanting; pros-
titute service
tsutomesaki (one's place of) em-
ployment
[-zutome -ЙЙФ] [suffix] serving in, being in
the service of
kaishazutome serving in a com-
pany
[tsutomaru	be fit for, be equal to
(the task)
tsutomaranai be unfit
[incompetent] for
IHOMOPHONESI
tsutomeru
Й? DUTY =>0797
Й EXERT =^1618
ЙЙ ENDEAVOR =>®3318
tsutome DUTY =>0797
st
1183
И1-10-4
► GOOD FOR NOTHING
DA TA*
ж	Joyo	S14-10-4	K3444
187	C1576	@1821	U99C4
10-4 []
--------------------------------------------- 1
0 clogs, sandals
~FSt geta geta, wooden clogs
SSt ashida high clogs, rain clogs
=a St setta leather-soled sandals	₽
	► STATION EKI			
1184	ж	Jdyd-3	S14-10-4	K1756
D1-10-4	187	B0876	01822	U99C5
[ 44 w
1 г * Л Я Л % 
123456789
OWfs
10	11	12	13	14
[COMPOUNDS!
0 [also prefix and suffix] station, railway station,
railroad depot
© suffix after names of stations
a SRhuO ekimaeno in front of the station
SRS ekicho stationmaster
SR JI ekiin station employee
SR JI/ ekibiru station building
SRztF ekiben station lunch
#SR kakueki every station; local train
j<4^SR kamotsueki freight depot
b ftp SR kobeeki Kobe Station
[INDEPENDENT!
[eki SR] railway station
5tilftZ£SR rippanaeki beautiful station
t ШшА
1185
E1-10-4
10	11	12	13
[COMPOUNDS!
► DRIVE
KU ka(keru) ka(ru)
ж	Joyo	S14-10-4	K2278
187	C1138	@1823	U99C6
О [also prefix] good for nothing, no good,
poor, shabby, useless, worthless
St @ dame go cross that does not constitute
a territory; no good, useless; No!
Sfcf£ dasaku poor piece of writing
dagashi cheap sweets
dajare poor joke, pun
StSt^l^TtS-b dadaokoneru be unrea-
sonable
ISSt/X mudana no good, fruitless, wasteful
I Г ff ff ff
123456789
| flW
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSI
О drive (a machine), set in motion, handle
SK®J kudo drive (of a machine)
kushisuru use freely, have good
423
1183-1185
Е Ю-4
1 ----
command of
© drive away, drive out, expel
Ж^1Г<5 kujosuru exterminate, destroy,
g	drive away
®	ЖЖ^Ъ kuchiku suru drive away, drive out,
expel
ЖШЯ! kuchuzai insecticide, vermicide
Rj © gallop, run quickly
^Ж^~shikku suru ride fast, drive a horse
fast
ЙЖ choku long march, expedition to a dis-
tant region
тШ? senkusha pioneer, forerunner
ЙЖЧГ^) zenkusuru ride in advance, lead
the way
iKUNl
[kakeru Ж^<5] gallop, run quickly, dash
kakekko race, foot race, running
match
Ж M'S <5 kakemawaru bustle about, run
about
Ж !И cf kakehiki bargaining; tactics
Ж^£ kakeashi gallop, run
т’сЖ W* sakigake the first to charge; lead,
pioneer
[karu Ж&] drive (a car), urge (a horse) on,
spur on
Ж О karitateru drive, spur on; stir up
Ж0ЖФ& kariatsumeru mobilize, round
up
IHOMOPHONESI
kakeru
Ш SET =>0361
Ж SUSPEND =>1855
LAY ACROSS =>1638
ЖХ =><81605
Ий SOAR =>0918
karu
HUNT =>0295
Я cup =^>0016
1186
E1-10-4
► CEREAL
KOKU
	Jdyo-6	S14-5-9	K2582
115	D1719	01824	U7A40
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
© CEREAL, grain, corn
Jxfe) kokumotsu grain, cereals
kokurui grains
'Ixfel кокигуй grain
kokuso granary, grain elevator
kokufun grain [rice] flour
Ixlfe kokushoku cereal diet, grain-eating
31 Jx gokoku the five cereals, (staple) grains
[note]
★do not confuse with ® SHELL =>1000
► SONG
KA uta uta(u)
	Jdyd-2	S14-4-10	K1846
76	B0568	01825	U6B4C
1187
Ш1-10-4
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] SONG
ЖВШ kayo song, ballad
Hft® kakyoku song (in the classical style)
kashi words [lyrics] of a song
[Sift кокка national anthem
кока school song, alma mater song
ryukbka popular song
© [original meaning] sing
kashu singer
9WJ kageki opera
1ШЙ kabuki kabuki
© Japanese poetry, waka, tanka, poem
felR tanka tanka, Japanese verse
waka Japanese poem, tanka
[kun]
[uta Hft] [also suffix] song, ballad
utagoe singing (voice)
IR utagassen singing matches
1186-1187
424
komoriuta lullaby
[utau Ж 3 J sing, recite
utaite singer
И _t HF utaiageru sing at the top of
one's voice; express one's feelings fully
in a poem
IHOMQPHONESI
uta Ш DITTY =>0297
utau
BS POPULAR SONG =>1071
Ifi DITTY =>0297
|gx =><8>1632
fi
1188
El-10-5
► STATIONED
CHU
ж	Joyo	S15-10-5	K3583
187	Cl 074	01826	U99D0
10-6 Д
------------------------------------------- 1
О О elegant horse, colt
0 [original meaning] pony, small horse
а komaza Equuleus
komadori robin
tosaigoma one year-old colt, year-
ling
0 chessman, shogi piece, piece used in vari-
ous board games
IrJAI komason (=komazon) loss of material
(in shogi)
shoginokoma shogi pieces,
chessmen
mochi дота captured piece
fit
1190
E1-10-6
► FUSE
YU В toru
	Joyo	S16-6-10	K4527
142	B0556	01831	U878D
I F IF|1t||t|BI
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] stationed (at, in), resident in
churyusuru be stationed at, stay
ISЙЕ chuzai residence, stay
chutonsuru be stationed, occupy
chunichi taishi ambassador to Ja-
pan
Й5? chuei stationed in England
ЙЙ1 chudoku stationed in Germany
О park
chushajo parking area
churinjo bicycle parking lot
Ъ chuteisha suru park or stop a
vehicle
1189
El-10-5
► HORSE
► CHESSMAN
KU koma
ж	Names	S15-10-5	K2280
187	C1278	01827	U99D2
П in |n in
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
n	га*	nr’	ra°	raifc
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (become liquefied by heat, esp. in the joining of
metals) fuse
гаФЙ? yukai fusion, melting
raS/S ydten fusion point
yunetsu heat of fusion
гаИй yusetsu fusion welding
убуй melting, fusion
ШгаФо* какиуйдб nuclear fusion
0 (from the idea of passing smoothly) finance,
accommodate with a loan
&ЙЖ yushi financing, advance of funds, loan
railll yuzu financing, accommodation; flexibil-
ity
kin'yU circulation of money, money
market, finance
Wrat tokuyu special loan [finance]
[kun]
[koma S&J]
425
1188-1190
Е Ю-7
-К
S 1191
— Е1-10-7
► FLEET STEED
SHUN SUN Ц] suru hayao hayashi
toshi takashi susumu
ж	Names	S17-10-7	K2957
187	D1872	@1832	U99FF
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] fleet steed, swift horse,
fine horse
© swift-footed, fleet-footed
а ЖИ shunba (=shunme) fleet steed, fine
horse
b shunsoku swift horse, fleet steed; fleet
speed; fast runner; brilliant person
1192
Б1-10-8
► TEST
KEN GEN
ж	Jdyd-4	S18-10-8	K2419
187	A0447	@1833	U9A13
l Г |IT |fF F Щ Щ $ |
I Ж Ж'Ж" 1Ж
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] test, try, attempt, examine,
verify
kenzan verification of accounts, check-
ing figures
Ъ shiken suru test, examine
iSWi jikken experiment
-b taiken suru experience, go
through, (actually) feel
<5 juken suru take an examination
.st	► RIDE ON HORSEBACK KI			
1193	ж	Joyo	S18-10-8	K2119
E1-10-8	187	D1760	@1834	U9A0E
r If IT Iff Щ
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] ride on horseback
МЖ kiba horse riding
5ЙФ kishu rider, horsemanjockey
SSS^O kijdno mounted, on horseback
МЙ kihei cavalry soldier, cavalry
SSzb kishi knight
1194
E1-10-8
► CLAMOR
SO sawa(gu)
ж	Joyo	S18-10-8	K3391
187	Cl 161	@1835	U9A12
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] clamor, raise a clamor, be
uproarious, make a noise, bustle
0 clamorous, uproarious, noisy
obSi н" soon noise
SiSi L/И sozoshii clamorous, uproarious,
noisy, boisterous
Si!ft sodo disturbance, uproar; strife; confu-
sion
sozentaru noisy, confused
SiSL sdran commotion, riot
l®xSi kenso clamor, din, noise
4-^Sife bussdna dangerous, insecure, dis-
turbed
[KUN]
[sawagu Si < J clamor, raise a clamor, be
uproarious, make a noise, bustle; make merry,
have a spree; noise about
Si cf sawagi clamor, uproar; tumult, agita-
tion; [in negative constructions] matter
(of)
Si/^' I/ И sawagashii noisy, boisterous;
troubled
Si gS sawagitateru make a great fuss
±Si^f osawagi uproar, racket, row

incorrect stroke-count
=>see E1-10-9: t at 1198
В1-10-8
1191-1194
426
1195
Е1-10-8
► SEPARATE
RI hana(reru) hana(su)
в	Joyo	S18-8-10	K4605
172	B0530	01836	U96E2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (be or become disconnected) separate
(from), be separated, be detached, disjoin,
scatter
0 (be apart) SEPARATEd, distant
a Ъ risansuru scatter, disperse, be
broken up
bunrisuru separate, split; be sepa-
rated
ШЖ denri electrolytic dissociation, ionization
^1]ХЖ hakuri exfoliation, peeling off
shirimetsuretsu na incoherent,
inconsistent, disconnected
kakuri isolation, segregation
b rito outlying island
БЕЖ kyori distance, range; interval
© (sever relations) separate from, withdraw, be
estranged, be alienated
rikon divorce
riensuru divorce; cancel adoption
rihan estrangement, alienation, deser-
tion
hairisuru be estranged, be alien-
ated
© leave, depart, go away, quit, secede
ЖЯЙТ-& ridatsusuru break away, leave,
secede
ЖЙ ririku takeoff
Ж 0 rinichi departure from Japan
Ъ rison suru desert one's village
rito secession from a party
ЖЖ rind giving up farming
[KUN]
[hanareru ЖН&К/
O0 separate, be separated, become dis-
jointed
[ Й ж St
Ю-8 E
---------------------------------- 1
© be (a long time or distance) away
a Жhanarebanare ni naru get
separated, be dispersed
b Ж < ЖtTT tdku hanarete at a long dis-
tance
З-Й^ЙЖ^ПГ^) genjitsubanare suru be-
come disconnected from reality
0 leave, quit, go away
tokai o hanareru leave town
[hanasu ЖТ]кг
0 separate, part, divide
0 detach, keep apart, isolate
a W 0 ЖТ kirihanasu cut [chop] off, sever,
detach
b 31 сГЖ'З" hikihanasu draw apart, separate;
get a lead on
IHOMOPHONESI
hanareru jfc let GO =^0570
hanasu	LET GO =>0570
Ж
1196
В1-10-8
► DIFFICULT
► DISASTER
NAN kata(i) -gata(i) muzuka(shii)
	Jdyo-6	S18-8-10	K3881
172	A0384	01838	U96E3
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also prefix] difficult, hard, troublesome
0 [also suffix] DiFFicuLTy, trouble, hardship,
distress
а ЖЙД nanko hard passage, rough going
ЖР^ nanmon difficult problem [question]
ЖЙ?^ nankai na difficult, hard to under-
stand
Ж1и nan'i (relative) difficulty, hardness (or
ease)
Ж Ж Ж nanjigyd difficult undertaking
[project], uphill task
ЖШ nangi hardship, trouble
3!Ж© shinanno most difficult
ИЖ konnan difficulty, trouble, distress,
hardship
Ж bannan thousand and one difficulties,
427
1195-1196
Е 10-8
1 ----------------------------------------------
1	innumerable difficulties
ьЙЙ'х nannaku easily, without difficulty
r	seikatsunan living difficulties, eco-
nomic distress
5	shushokunan difficulty of finding
ц.	employment, job shortage
© disaster, calamity, accident, misfortune
St К nanmin refugee, displaced person
К	Ъ sonan suru meet with disaster
hinan refuge, shelter, evacuation
ЙЖ kainan disaster at sea, shipwreck
ЖЖ sainan calamity, disaster, accident, mis-
fortune
©0 fault, defect, blemish
© find fault with, criticize, blame, reproach
nanten weakness, fault, flaw; difficult
point
bunan safety, security; faultlessness
b nanshoku disapproval, reluctance
nankitsusuru blame, censure, re-
proach
hinan criticism, blame
[KUN]
[katai ЙП] difficult, hard
Ж < fT ^Ж L lu wa yasuku
окопай wa katashi Easier said than
done
[-gatai -Ж H J [verbal suffix] difficult to do
ЫЙН shigatai difficult to do, impossible
W 0 S№. O arigato thank you
[muzukashii Ж L И] difficult, hard,
troublesome; doubtful, unpromising
Ж LgS muzukashisa difficulty, complexity
ЖЬН^М muzukashii byoki serious dis-
ease
ЖЖ L V kimuzukashii moody, hard to
please
IHOMQPHONESI
katai
Й HARD =>0802
fl FIRM =>1805
H SOLID =>1963
Ж
1197
E1-10-8
► CHICK
SU JU hina hiyoko
в	Names	SI 8-8-10	K3187
172	D2586	@1839.5	U96DB
[KUN]
[hina Ж]
О CHiCK(en), fledgling, poultry
ЖЖ hinadori fledgling (esp. chicken)
Ж W'L hinageshi red poppy, corn poppy,
ponceau
©doll
ЖМ 0 hinamatsuri Doll Festival (March 3)
Ж АЛ2 hinaningyo dolls (usu. displayed in
tiers)
© [in<ompounds] tiny, little, cute
ЖЖ hinagata pattern, model, sample, pro-
totype
[hiyoko Ж] chick, chicken; fledgling,
greenhorn
$) V	й 71Ж Aitsu wa mada hiyoko
da He is still a greenhorn
1198
В1-10-9
► MARROW
ZUI
	Joyo	S19-10-9	K3181
188	D1720	@1842	U9AC4
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] marrow, pith
zuieki spinal fluid
#]№ kotsuzui bone marrow
sekizui spinal cord
© (vital part) essence, core, heart
ЖЖ shinzui essence, quintessence, soul
ЖЖ seizui essence, soul, spirit, pith
1197-1198
428
10-11 Д
► WISH
► ASK A FAVOR
GAN nega(u)
Е1-10-9
я	Jdyd-4	S19-9-10	K2074
181	B0931	01845	U9858
' r Г r F F ? % %
..1	23456789
% F F F FFF MSI
..10. 11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Ж
ICOMPOUNDSI
00 wish, desire, hope for
0 one's wish, one's desire
а SIH ganbo wish, desire, aspiration
^SI"®nengan suru desire, wish (for),
pray (for)
b SSI shukugan long-cherished desire
®SI higan one's pathetic wish; vows result-
ing from the compassion of the Buddhas
0 pray, prayer
IffSI’F-b kigansuru pray, implore
© ask A FAVOR, petition, apply for, request,
beg
SIH gansho written application
HjSI shutsugan application
SsSI^-2) shigan suru volunteer, apply for
Bit SI seigan petition
kongansuru beg earnestly, im-
plore, entreat
ftSI® IB igan-taishoku retirement at one's
own request
[KUN]
[negau Ж О J wish, desire, hope for; pray;
ask a favor, petition, apply for, request, beg
SIH negai wish, desire; prayer; request, peti-
tion; application
Sib < Й negawaku wa I pray/l wish
Й L < 4oSI H L Yoroshiku onegai
shimasu Please be so kind as to.. ./I am
glad to make your acquaintance
SI H tH <5 negaideru make an application
KYO KEI kiso(u) se(ru)
ИЖ1
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] compete, contend, vie
Ъ kyoso suru compete, contend, vie
kydgi match, contest, game; sporting
event
kydei swimming race
kyden recital contest
kyoso race, sprint
ЙйФга keirin bicycle race
keiba horse racing
[KUN]
[kisou ЙЙ □ J compete with, contend, rival,
vie
Hl Н'д □ kisoiau compete with, vie for
[seru яя <5 ] bid, make a bid for
0 Tfj seriichi auction sale
1201
□1-10-11
► CRANE
KAKU tsuru Ц] zu tazu
ж	Names	521-11-10	K3665
196	C1322	01850	U9DB4
[KUN]
[tsuru SSJ [also suffix] crane, stork
Я*ЖЙ1 tanchozuru Japanese crane
senbazuru string of a thousand
folded-paper cranes
429
1199-1201
Е 11-2
► URGE
KAN susu(meru) Ц] susumu
g 1202
El-11-2
	Joyo	S13-2-11	K2011
19	C1041	®1857	U52E7
1203
B1-11-3
► PROCLAIM MERITS
SHO (И aki akira teru aya
Joyo	S14-3-11	K3020
C1395	®1860	U5F70
p f t Sf о #
123456789
.# ,t Mb
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (persuade to act) urge,
persuade, advise
0 encourage, promote
kankoku advice, counsel, recommenda-
tion
kan'yusuru induce, invite, canvass,
persuade
b 8ЙЖ kangyd encouragement of industry
iSsST'S kanshosuru encourage, promote,
stimulate
1ЙЙМ1ЙЖ kanzenchdaku rewarding good
and punishing evil, political justice
fijil kangin hypothecary bank
[kun]
[susumeru
O0 urge, persuade, advise
0 encourage, promote, stimulate
a susume exhortation, encouragement
setsunisusumeru urge strongly
b fl*	iku уд ni susumeru en-
courage someone to go
0 offer, present
sake о susumeru offer wine;
press wine on
IHOMOPHONESI
susumeru
ENCOURAGE =>02842
Й RECOMMEND =>1537
ADVANCE =>1991
1	2	3	4	5
:?
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 proclaim the merits of a person (to the
public), make (a person's virtues) well
known, give public recognition
kenshdsuru give recognition, ex-
alt, honor
hydshosuru commend (officially),
give public recognition
►enemy
йстЛ/ TEKI kataki
in	Joyo-5	S15-4-11	K3708
66	C1238	®1864	U6575
' *	* ft ft ft ft ft
123456789
ft ft # n»
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also prefix] enemy, foe
0 opponent, rival
а ЙЙИ tekkoku enemy country
йм tekii hostility, enmity
kydteki powerful enemy [rival]
b tekid opponent's king (in shogi)
(Ml® tekikantai enemy fleet
0 confront the enemy, oppose, resist
ЙЙЙ'Тtekitaisuru oppose, fight against
'FSftZi futekina daring, dauntless
0 unclassified compounds
sutekina grand, cute, fine
[independent!
[teki enemy, foe
1202-1204
430
[kun]
[kataki 8ft] enemy, foe; opponent, rival;
revenge, retaliation
shdbaigataki business rival
katakiuchi vendetta, revenge
1205
E1-11-4
► RESOLUTE
KI (D tsuyoshi take takeshi taka
takashi hatasu tsuyo yoshi
kowashi takeru
Names	S15-4-11	K2103
D1608	01866	U6BC5
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф resolute, determined, firm, dauntless
kizen to shite resolutely, firmly,
bravely
gokina hardy, sturdy
► JOYOUS
KAN m yoshi
1206
Bl-11-4
	Joyo	S15-4-11	K2031
76	Cl 162	01867	U6B53
[COMPOUNDS!
• [original meaning] be joyous, be happy, be
merry, rejoice
kanki joy, delight
kanraku pleasure, merriment
kandan pleasant chat [talk]
kangei welcome
©ill kanso sending off
kansei cheers, shout of joy
1207
Bl-11-4
► LAY
FU shi(ku) -shi(ki) [D nobu
in	Joyo	S15-4-11	K4163
66	Cl 199	01870	U6577
W Ж ]
11-4 []
~.........;...,.....,....,.........,....,....,	1
h [n |f=? |е |й £	|j|? |
f i fc
10 11 12 13 14 15
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] (dispose over a surface) lay
(as a railroad track), spread
Six fusetsu construction, laying
[KUN]
[shiku S< ]
O0 (spread over a surface) lay, spread, lay
under
© (dispose over a surface) lay (as a railroad
track), construct, pave
shikitsumeru spread all over
shikimono carpet, rug
S'fl? shikifu sheet
shikibuton (Japanese style) mattress
Ф S futon о shiku make a bed
b shikiishi paving stone, pavement
SM1 shikichi (building) site, (plot of) ground,
lot
SHI shikii threshold, doorsill; windowsill
ЖК yashiki mansion, residence; residential
lot
0 [in compounds] make a deposit
shikikin deposit money
L-shiki -Sof][alsosuffix] underlay,mat
TScT shitajiki underlay; being buried;
model
[SPECIAL READINGS]
SS sajiki reviewing stand, box, gallery
IHOMQPHONESI
yashiki
S STATELY RESIDENCE =>®1131
BS =>1973,1207
1208
El-11-4
► SPORT
Gl tawamu(reru)
	Joyo	S15-4-11	K2126
62	D1812	©1875	U622F
431
1205-1208
Е 11-5
IcompoundsI
О sport, frolic, play
jffiSS yiigi game, pastime, amusement
0 theatrical play, performance, drama
gikyoku drama, play
[kun]
[tawamureru	sport, play, frolic;
joke,jest
tawamure play, sport, fun, caprice; joke,
jest; flirtation
Konekoga
bdru ni tawamurete iru The kitten is
playing with a ball
ISPECIAL READINGS]
MSV itazura mischief, prank, practical joke
IHOMOPHONESI
itazura
=>1758,1208
ft =>®416
1209
B1-11-5
► AYU
DEN NEN ayu
&	Names	S16-11-5	K1630
195	D2227	01876	U9B8E
[KUN]
[ayu fifi] ayu, sweetfish
ЖЙА chiayu young ayu
ICOMPOUNDSI
О FRESH
sengyo fresh fish
sendo (degree of) freshness
SlW-fe shinsenna fresh
seisen na fresh
00 vivid, brilliant, clean
© (of colors) vivid, brightly-colored
а senreina vivid, gorgeous
senretsuna glaringly vivid, striking
senmeina vivid, clear
b senko scarlet, bright red
© Korea
Sl$¥ chosen (North) Korea
nansen South Korea
hokusen North Korea
[KUN]
[azayaka
azayakana	vivid, clear; (of colors)
vivid, bright; neat, graceful
azayakasa vividness, brightness
Ш azayaka na hikoburi
skillful piloting
1211
E1-11-7
► CARP
Rl koi
Ж	Names	S18-11-7	K2481
195	D2131	01879	U9BC9
[kun]
[koi Ж1 CARP
BI Ш koinobori carp streamer
nishikigoi colored carp
► FRESH
► VIVID
SEN aza(yaka)
	Joyo	S17-11-6	K3315
195	B0543	01877	U9BAE
1210
B1-11-6
7	77	f		1Й			I	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
IS 1»»	1»"		Г' Л"	&	& 1»"		й	
10.......11........12	13	14	15	16	17
Ж
1212
E1-11-7
► VIEW
KAN Щ mi
Я.	Jdyd-4	S18-7-11	K2049
147	B0521	©1880	U89B3
t i v r r ip wi
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
1209-1212
432
п-13 E
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] view, behold, look; observe,
inspect
®?t kanko sightseeing
®^ kankyaku audience, spectators
®®1 kangeki theatergoing
®Ж kansatsu observation, supervision
Ш kansho admiration, enjoyment
ву®~<Г<5 bokansuru look on, sit as a specta-
tor
2fe® rakkan optimism, hopeful view
00 view, spectacle, sight
© appearance, look, condition
а Ж® keikan scene, spectacle, view, sight
It® bikan fine view, beautiful sight
tt® sokan grand sight, magnificent view
b ^k® gaikan external appearance, outward
show
© [also suffix] view, conception, outlook, theory
®,S kanten point of view
IS & kannen idea, conception, notion
z£® shukan subjectivity; subject
It A® sennyukan preconception, bias,
prejudice
Alfe.® jinseikan one's view [theory] of life,
outlook on life
ffi^® sekaikan world view, outlook on the
world
w
El-11-7
ffl
1213
Ё1-11-8
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-8-10: M at 2102
► TAI
CHO tai
%,	Names	S19-11-8	K3468
195	D2519	@1881	U9BDB
[KUN]
[tai tai, sea bream, porgy
taimeshi rice and minced tai
taiyaki fish-shaped pancake filled
with bean jam
ЖЙИ madai red tai, red sea bream
Is
1214
E1-11-8
► WHALE
GEI kujira
	Joyo	519-11-8	K2363
195	C1325	@1882	U9BE8
'	« S ¥ !
::	i j i [ j [ p p» i
123456789
S
ij»»'	i<»»'	p»»*	p»»' pn' p»»' J pnVJ i
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
its
19
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] whale
ЙЙЙ geiniku whale meat
ЙКЙЙ geiyu whale oil
IS# geikotsu whale bone
kyogei huge whale
1ЙЙЙ hogei whaling
[KUN]
[kujira ЙЙ] [also suffix] whale
kujiramaku black and white curtain
(spread at a funeral service)
kujiraza the Whale, Cetus
kujirajaku long foot
makkokujira sperm whale
shironagasukujira blue whale
incorrect stroke-count
=>see d-10-8: Ж at 1195
El-11-8
Bl
1215
El-11-13
► FEMALE CHINESE UNICORN
RIN
	Names	524-11-13	K4659
198	D2726	@1885.5	U9E9F
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] female Chinese unicorn
ШГ Bl kirin giraffe; male and female Chinese
unicorn
433
1213-1215
Е 12-3
► BEAST
JU kemono
Ж 1216
Ш-12-3
► SHADOW
El kage
	Joyo	S15-3-12	K1738
59	A0488	01889	U5F71
vi...........Г*?..IS...|S...)S...IS
		...		
T	я			
10	11	12	13	14	15
В1-12-4
	Joyo	516-4-12	K2935
94	D1777	01892	U7363
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (partial darkness) shadow,
silhouette
0 (reflected image) shadow, image, reflection
а eikyd influence, effect
an'ei shadow, gloom
in'ei shadow
b eizo image; shadow, phantom
AJ^ jin'ei human figure; shadow of a person
Jx® tdei cast shadow; projection
tdei inverted image
Й® satsuei photographing, shooting (of a
movie)
[kun]
[kage
O0 (partial darkness) shadow, silhouette
© (reflected image) shadow, image, reflec-
tion
a	awaikage light shadow
b	kagemusha dummy general, gen-
eral's double
kageoutsusu mirror the image
(of)
00 (faint indication) shadow (of), traces (of),
signs (of)
0 [in compounds] figure, appearance
kage mo katachi mo nai
nowhere to be seen
omokage face; traces
b AJk£ hitokage human figure; shadow of a
person
IHOMQPHONESI
kage
1Ш SHADE =>0397
Жх =><8>2517
0 [original meaning] beast, animal
ЖЕ jui veterinarian
If Ж yaju wild animal, wild game
ёЖ rnojO fierce [savage] animal [beast]
6Ж kaiju monster; beast
>Ж chinju rare animal
[kun]
[kemono Ж] beast; brute
ЖШ kemonomichi animal trail
Ж® kemonohen kemonohen, 'dog' radical
U)
1218
El-12-5
► AGE
REI
	Joyo	517-12-5	K4680
211	B0870	01895	U9F62
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 AGE, years
^Йр nenrei age, years
ШЙр jurei age of a tree
гжгЙр korei advanced age
Йр rorei old age
^Йр gakurei school age
Я Йр getsurei moon's age
1216-1218
434
13-2 [|
----- 1
Й
1219
С1-12-6
► TURN OVER
► RENDER
HON hirugae(ru) hirugae(su)
	Joyo	S18-6-12	K4361
124	C1467	©1897	U7FFB
'	" ”  t If # f fl
i s i.«si s айда
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
О turn over, reverse
SIT'S hon'i suru change one’s mind
honzento suddenly
0 render (written texts) in another form,
translate, adapt, transcribe
hon'yakusuru translate, render
НЖ hon'an adaptation
[KUN]
[hirugaeru Iffl £ ] v/turn over; wave, flutter
1 hirugaette kangaeru to
on (further) reflection, on second
thought
Iffl <5 kaze ni hirugaeru flutter [wave] in
the wind
[hirugaesu HT] vtchange (one's mind),
reverse (a decision); wave, flutter; dodge
zensetsu о hirugaesu change
one's former opinion
Й' Й'Т mi о hirugaesu dodge, turn aside
adroitly
► LOOKBACK
KO kaeri(miru) Ц] mi
1220	Ж	Joyo	S21-9-12	K2460
El-12-9	181	C1023	01900	U9867
123456789
О I I'OrWfip

ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] look back, turn around
0 look back upon (the past), retrospect
a ilfn| komon adviser, consultant	jg
—H	H ikko mo shinai take no notice
of, not give a damn
b kdko looking back, worry
НВЙ'Т"-?) kaikosuru look back on, retro-
spect
0 show favor to, patronize, take care of
kokyaku customer, patron, client
onko favors, patronage
ftMI aiko patronage, favor
[kun]
[kaerimiru
0 look back, turn around
0 look back upon the past, review, retro-
spect
a BIЖ	kaerimite ta о iu give an
evasive answer
b	mukashiоkaerimiru lookback
upon the past
IHOMOPHONESI
kaerimiru < ministry =>1583
1221
E1-13-2
► DRAMA
GEKI
Jdyd-6	S15-2-13	K2364
B0635	01904	U5287
7 ' - т ft? ? ?
123456789
%J f i iri'i'
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also suffix] drama, play, theatrical perform-
ance
gekijo theater
SOH gekidan dramatic company, theatrical
troupe
gekieiga film drama
gekitekina dramatic
engeki drama, play
kageki opera
ЖЖЧ kigeki comedy
435
1219-1221
Ш 13-6
*1 -------------------------------------------
' ffiSO higeki tragedy, tragic drama
l£f f^®lj jidaigeki period adventure drama,
period film
[INDEPENDENT!
a [geki ®!|] drama, play, theatrical perform-
ance
15 geki о enjiru perform a play
1222
В1-13-6
► CHARMING
► ROMANCE
EN tsuya nama(mekashii)
ade(yaka) Щ yoshi
	Names	SI 9-6-13	K1780
139	D2390	®1908	U8276
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] charming, beautiful,
fascinating, voluptuous
en'yd fascinating figure, charming look
1ЁH enbi beauty, charm
ndenna charming, bewitching, en-
chanting
yoenna fascinating, voluptuous
© romance, love, love affair
НЁМ enbun love affair, romance, one's love
story
sfelr ensho love letter
enpuku good fortune in love
[kun]
[tsuya 86]
О gloss, luster, glaze
sfefSl/Zt tsuyatsuya shita glossy, bright
86ГЙ L tsuyakeshi grinding, frosting; disillu-
sionment
@ charm, color
tsuyanoarukoe charming
voice
[namamekashii §6ЙЙ^ЬИ] charming,
fascinating; coquettish, voluptuous
namamekashii sugata be-
witching figure
86 L V # сТТ" namamekashii
metsukide with coquettish eyes
[adeyaka
adeyaka na I6^^Z£ charming, fascinating,
fair
adesugata charming figure
► PROFOUNDLY WISE
El ® satoshi satoru akira toru
masa yoshi tada toshi
1223
E1-14-2
У	Names	S16-2-14	K1735
29	D2352	01910	U53E1
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] profoundly wise, intelli-
gent, farsighted, wise
SX® eichi sagacity, wisdom
1222-1223
436
1-2 В
2
UP-DOWN
± Т 3?
► WO
NI futa futa(tsu) Ц) tsugi tsugu
a kazu
1224	—	Jbyb-1	S2-2-0	K3883
Я2-1-1	7	A0009	01922	U4E8C
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] two, second
12Й nihyaku 200
12 Я nigatsu February
21^ niji second, secondary
—Ц nirui second base
—I® nikai second floor; upstairs
[INDEPENDENT!
[ni 21] two, second
[KUN]
[futa 12] [in compounds] two
—Ж futakoto two words; repetition
—A futari two persons
12>L? futagokoro (=nishin) duplicity, double
dealing; divided loyalty
[futatsu ^2>]two; two years old
—2) @ futatsume second
[SPECIAL READINGS]
+Ж 21А Ж toehatae manifold, multitude
hatachi 20 years old
—"H В hatsuka 20 days; 20th of the month
12 В futsuka two days; 2nd of the month
IHOMOPHONESI
futa SET of two =>0013
-----* kTHREE
----SAN mi mi(tsu) mit(tsu) Ц) zb
sabu so sb kazu samu
1225	—	Jbyb-1	S3-1-2	K2716
И2-1-2	1	A0011	01924	U4E09
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] three, third
sanzen 3000
sankaku triangle
sankakukei triangle
HA$F sanninsho gram third person
sanrui third base
sanbun suru trisect
sankyaku tripod
Г.Й© sanryuno third-rate
shichigosan the lucky numbers; gala
day for children of three, five and seven
Ж— daisan third
[INDEPENDENT!
[san 4] THREE, third
[KUN]
[mi H] [in compounds] three
437
1224-1225
В 1-2
9 —-----------------------------------------
zs 0 Л mikazuki new moon
[mitsu HO] three; three years old
p—,	mitsuori threefold, folded in three
__ zs 0 mikka three days; 3rd of the month
[mittsu HO] three; three years old
ISPECIAL READINGS]
НЙ^Ж shamisen shamisen (Japanese three-
stringed musical instrument)
incorrect stroke-count
=>seeB2-1-3: at 1228
В 2-1-2
1226
В2-1-3
► ORIGIN
GEN GAN moto [Ц hajime
motomu tsukasa motoi haru yuki
masa
JL	Joyo-2	S4-2-2	K2421
10	A0179	®1929	U5143
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 origin, beginning, original state
0 ORiGiNal, first, basic
0 beginning of a new period, first year of a
new era
a 7E 0 ganjitsu New Year's Day
ШтЕ kongen root; base
iHjE kangen restoration; reduction, deoxidi-
zation
b 7E>lc ganrai originally, primarily, essentially
ТЕЙ. ganso originator, pioneer
с НЖ kigen nisennen year 2000 of
the Christian era
ФтЕ chOgen midyear gift; July 15th (lunar
calendar)
0 primordial energy of the universe
ТСЖ genki vigor, energy; spirits; health
00 element, unit, basic element, essence,
entity
0 math element, dimension
а 7ЕЖ genso element, chemical element
—TEtra nigenron dualism
ЖтЕгЭДЙЁ tangen seido unit credit system
b Ж&7Е tan'igen unit element
^1<^7E sanjigen three dimensions
0 era
gengo era name
0 (leading figure) head, leader, chief, eldest
7ЕЙ" genshu ruler, sovereign
TE^s genro elder [senior] statesman; senior
member
[KUN]
[moto те]
O0 origin, beginning, genesis
0 [also suffix] place of origin, source
0 one's origin, one's antecedents, one's
past
a TE^ motowa originally
ТЕТЕ motomoto originally, from the first
[outset]; by nature
>k0TE hi no moto origin of a fire
b SSiaTE seizomoto manufacturer
gasu no motosen о
kiru turn the gas off at the main
c jimotomin local people
#TE mimoto one's birth, one's identity, one's
background
0 [also prefix] former, ex-, one-time, past
TE'B’ti motoshusho ex-Prime Minister
ТЕ Оty moto no tori as it was before
0 capital, principal; prime cost
TE^ motode capital, fund
7E/W:O^<5 moto да kakaru cost much, be
expensive
[HOMOPHONES]
moto
Ж BASIS =>2183
36 BASE =>1716
T DOWN =>2115
PERMIT =><8)1470
Ж ELEMENT =>1590
1227
B2-1-3
► DOOR
► HOUSEHOLD
KO to1 to2 [Ц be do he
я	Joyo-2	84-4-0	K2445
63	B0505	®1930	U6238
2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] door
1226-1227
438
Р kogai open-air, outdoors
Ир* топко door, entrance; school
00 (house as a social unit) household, house,
family
0 counter for households or houses
a P I* kobetsu ni from house to house
PP koko every [each] house
pjf koseki family register
P Hi koshu head of a family, master of a
house
P kosu number of households [houses]
b Sp goko five houses
[KUN]
[to1 P ] DOOR, sliding door; shutter
P □ toguchi door, doorway
Pffl todana closet, cupboard, wardrobe
ЖР amado shutter
#?XP garasudo glass door
РЙ^ 0 tojimari fastening the doors
[to2 P ] [in compounds] used phonetically for
to
P 9 tomadou be puzzled, be perplexed
^kP ido (water) well
► SCANTY
BO tobo(shii)
1228	)	Joyo	S4-1-3	K4319
В2-1-З	4	C1598	01933	U4E4F
12	3	4
[COMPOUNDS!
0 (insufficient) scanty, scarce, lacking, defi-
cient
© (lacking in resources) poor, destitute
a >^2 ketsubb lack, shortage, scarcity
b 1Й2 kyiibd destitution, poverty
binbdna poor, destitute
ftf2 taibb austerity, voluntary privation
[kun]
[toboshii 2 L scanty, scarce, meager,
short of
2 L $ toboshisa scarcity
2 L toboshiku naru run short, get
scarce
1-4 В
-----;--------------------------------------- 9
СИ капе ga toboshii be short of
money
В2-1-3
1229
В 2-1-4
incorrect classification
=>see 04-4-3 at 2152
incorrect classification
=>see 04-4-3 at 2155
► SHOW
JI SHI shime(su)
75	Joyd-5	S5-5-0	K2808
113	A0255	<8)1936	U793A
[COMPOUNDS]
О (cause to be seen) show, display, present
St5 tenji display, exhibition
Й/К’Т-?) hyojisuru indicate, show, express,
manifest
^75'T‘b hyojisuru post up, declare, dem-
onstrate
Ж 75 keiji notice, bulletin
teijisuru present, exhibit
"и 75 kokuji notification, bulletin
0 (point out) show, indicate, suggest, instruct
/ГС® shisa suggestion, hint
75l& jidan out-of-court [private] settlement
75 ЙС jii show of force
751Й jitatsu (=shitatsu) instructions, direc-
tions
fs 75 shiji instruction; indication
Вез 75 anji hint, suggestion
f§75’^~'b kojisuru make a display of, show
_____off
Й75 keiji revelation
Sill 75 kunji instruction
^{75 kybji instruction, teaching
[KUN]
[shimesu 75T J (cause to be seen) show,
display, present; (point out) show, indicate,
suggest, instruct
75 L shimeshi discipline; revelation
кв L 75'3* sashishimesu indicate, show,
439
1228-1229
В 1-4
2-------:—
point to
► ETERNAL
El naga(i) Щ naga hisa hisashi
nori
4 1230
" В2-1-4
zk	Joyo-5	S5-4-1	K1742
85	B0710	®1937	U6C38
i И mzK
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 eternal, everlasting, permanent, long,
perpetual
e/en eternity
eikyu permanence, eternity
Ж ft eiju permanent residence
Ъ eizoku suru last long, remain per-
manently
Ж HE eimin eternal sleep, death
eiju long life
[KUN]
[nagai кН] (lasting forever) eternal, ever-
lasting, long
naganen many years, longtime
ЖЖ < suenagaku forever
IHOMOPHONESI
nagai ft LONG =>1626
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж ICE =>0024
1231
► MAIN
► MASTER
SHU SU nushi omo arujiA
Ц] kazu tsukasa chikara
	Jdyd-3	S5-1-4	K2871
3	A0081	©1938	U4E3B
В 2-1-4
2	3	4	5
[compounds!
О [also prefix] main, principal, head, leading,
chief
shuydna main, principal, essential
ftfS shugi principle, -ism
2ЁЛ shuryoku main force, main body
ft'/ju shuryu main current, mainstream
%> shuen suru play the leading part
ftS shuyaku leading part, starring role
Hi Ж shuyoku wing (of an aircraft)
shuseibun principal ingredient, main
component
00 be the main performer of a function,
preside over, sponsor, officiate
0 regard as main or central, hold in high
regard
a	shusaisuru sponsor, promote
shudoken leadership, initiative
shusaisuru preside (over), super-
intend, supervise
b	shuchosuru insist on, assert, main-
tain
00 [also suffix] master, lord, chief, host, head,
owner, proprietor, employer
© master of the house, head of a family,
husband
0 master of a religious rite, chief priest;
presiding officer, superintendent, man-
ager
0 master of a state, ruler
а ЁЛ shujin master, head, host, proprietor;
husband
iW shusho captain
ftft shuju (=shuju) master and servant, lord
and vassal
ЙЕНЕ moshu chief mourner
fl{jHi senshu shipowner
Й/Eft shotenshu proprietor of a shop,
storekeeper
b ft$ shukyaku host and guest; principal and
auxiliary; main guest
ft® shufu housewife
,Fft koshu head of a family, master of a
house
^ft teishu husband; master, host
с ft Ж shuji manager, director, superintendent
ftft shunin person in charge, head, chief
ft ft bozu Buddhist priest [monk], bonze;
shaven head; sonny, sonny boy, boy
ftft hossu (=hoshu, hosshu) high priest (of
a Buddhist sect)
ISft saishu masterof a religious rite
d ft$S shuken sovereignty
ft'/RMftJS md takutd-shuseki Chairman
Mao Zedong
1=1 ft jishu independence, autonomy
1230-1231
440
1-6 в
Ц; ЕЁ ЕЁ IS minshushugi democracy
Ж ЕЁ kunshu monarch, sovereign
0 subject (opposite of object)
ЕЁ{$ shutai main part; subject
НЕЙ shukan subjectivity; subject
НЕЙИ shukanteki subjective
ЕЁИ shudai subject, theme
[INDEPENDENT!
[shu ЕЁ] main thing, primary object, first
consideration
i LX shu to shite mainly, chiefly
[kun]
[nushi ЕЁ]
О [also suffix]
0 owner, proprietor
© master, chief, head
о 0$ nushinonaikasa ownerless
umbrella
ЖЕЁ yanushi house owner, landlord, land-
lady
ЙНЕ kabunushi stockholder
Ё?Ё>ЕЁ mochinushi owner, proprietor
Я1НЕЁ yatoinushi employer, master
fis]0HE kainushi pet owner
b ЁЙшЕЁ shotainushi head of a family, house-
holder
0 [also suffix] performer of an action
Й^ЬеЁ otoshinushi ownerof a lost article,
loser
jit НЕЁ kainushi buyer, purchaser
[ото ЕЁ]
ото na ЕЁ/£ chief, principal, main, foremost
omoni mainly, chiefly; mostly
ЗЁЕ±оЖ omodatta principal, leading, chief,
main
[aruji ЕЁ] master, landlord; husband, mis-
tress
—Ж О i ikka no aruji master of the house-
hold
IHOMOPHONESI
ото Ж HEAVY =>®3573
1232
H2-1-5
► EXTEND OVER
KO wata(ru) Щ nobu sen watari
tsune
	.	Names	S6-2-4	K4743
7	D1808	®1939	U4E98
[KUN]
[wataru Ж E5 ] extend over, extend for,
range, span, last
EL <5 ikunen ni mo wataru extend
over so many years
Ф □ (3 JUL Ъ sukiro ni wataru extend over
several kilometers
[HOMOPHONES]
wataru	CROSS =>0445
fT?	incorrect classification
I—I	=>see И2-3-3: X at 1384
H2-1-5
1233
H2-1-6
► SAY
► SPEECH
GEN GON i(u) koto [1] toki nobu
и	Joyo-2	S7-7-0	K2432
149	A0120	®1941	U8A00
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] say, speak, talk
ЖВД genmei declaration, announcement
genkyusuru refer to, mention,
touch upon
йЖ'Т-Ь hatsugensuru speak, utter
ЖЖ sengen declaration, proclamation
Ч’Ж'Т^ yogensuru predict, forecast
MXЪ dangen suru assert, declare
ЙЖ teigen proposal, suggestion
}©Ж kagon saying too much, exaggeration
ffiB*XЪ tagon suru tell to others, divulge
0 speech, words, saying
ЖВд gengo language, speech, words
genron speech, discussion
ЖппЖ®г/£ gongododanna inexcusable,
outrageous, absurd
ЙЕЖ shogen testimony, verbal evidence
1§Ж kakugen maxim, proverb
441
1232-1233
В i-с
2 hogen dialect
ffiW kydgen noh farce, comic interlude in a
noh drama; kabuki play; sham, put-up
job
Й£Ж mugon silence, muteness
s [KUN]
— [iu
O0 say, speak, talk (about)
0 tell, relate
а ВЬЙ iwaba so to speak, in a sense; in short
iimawashi expression, manner
[turn] of expression
Ж^А iikata way of speaking, expression
iiarawasu expressway
iikaeru express in different
words
Ж H HuT iidasu begin to speak; suggest,
propose
b 4^)Ж И monoii manner of speaking; objec-
tion
0 state, declare, affirm
iibun one's say [claim]; objection,
complaint
Жiiwatasu announce, tell; sentence;
order
Ж V	0 iinari doing as one is told
Ж НШ* V iigakari false accusation
[charge]
ЖНЖЦ'-Ь iitsukeru tell,order
ЙЯ Ж Z) iken о iu state one's opinion
©0 call, name; express (in a foreign lan-
guage)
© refer to, call—used chiefly in certain set
expressions
a ДЖ A noriko to iu hito person
called Noriko
Z.ЖЖZ) Koreоonsotoiu To
this is given the term "phoneme"
b Ж *5 ЖЖЪ^В& iuniiwarenu inexpressible,
indescribable
0 sound, be heard
9UА7 Ж Z) Ж gatagata iu oto rattling
sound
[koto Ж J [in compounds] word
Ж^Ж kotonoha literary word
ЖЖ kotoba word, term; wording; language
HSn kotobazukai wording, usage
Ж{'ПЙ<Б kotozukeru leave a message
‘ s hitokoto single word
a hitorigoto soliloquy, monologue
ЙЖ negoto talking in one's sleep
IHOMQPHONESI
iu
ffix =>®1595
7Xx SUCH =><8)1931
1234
B2-1-6
► RETURN
REI modo(su) modo(ru)
p	Joyo	S7-4-3	K4465
63	B0772	®1942	U623B
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 RETURN, give back
henreisuru return, give back
[KUN]
[modosu ЖТ] return, give back, send
back
L modoshi returning, giving back
haraimodoshi refund, repayment
Ж V Ж’З” torimodosu take back, regain, re-
store
jtlWL kaimodoshi redemption, repur-
chase
[modoru Ж <5 J return, come [go] back;
turn back; return to, revert to, unwind itself
ty modori return; reaction, recovery
tachimodoru return, come back
££ V Ж modorimichi the way back
1235
В 2-1-6
s	Jdyd-3	S7-7-0	K3806
151	C1337	®1943	U8C46
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 bean, pea
0 soybean
а .&Ж tofu tofu (Japanese bean curd)
1234-1235
442
1-7
JZ-B. daizu soybean
b _S?L tonyQ soybean milk
Й-Э. natto fermented soybeans
[KUN]
[mame !l]
0 [also suffix] bean, pea
0 soybean
a -S enddmame peas
ь Ж.Э. kuromame black soybean
[mame- S-] [prefix] miniature, midget, mini-,
small
Лmamedenkyu miniature light bulb
Ни1 Д mametaifu small typhoon
[SPECIAL READINGS]
azuki adzuki bean
1236
Я2-1-6
► SYSTEM
► LINEAGE
KEI (Ц ito
Ж	Jdyo-6	S7-6-1	K2347
120	B0583	®1944	U7CFB
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
О (group of interrelated elements) system, inter-
related group
Ж^Й keito system; geological formation; line-
age, ancestry
Ж^У keiretsu order, succession; series
Ж taikei system, organization
0 lineage, family line, descent, ancestry
ЖЙ keizu genealogy, pedigree
ЙЖ chokkei direct descent line
ЖЖ kakei family line, lineage, ancestry
Б ЖЖ A nikkei-beijin American of Japa-
nese descent, Japanese-American
B2-1-6
incorrect classification
=>see B2-4-3: at 1556
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-5-2: Ж: at 1616
1237
B2-1-7
|]n
► CHAMBER
BO fusa Ц] nobu
я	Joyo	S8-4-4	K4328
63	B0813	®1946	U623F
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] chamber, (small) room,
cell
0 chamber for sleeping, bedroom
a KW danbd heating
?nW reibo air conditioning
iiW kanbo cell, ward
W kanbo secretariat
frW shobo bookstore, publishing company
AW Д bunbdgu stationery, writing materi-
als
b W* boji sex, lovemaking
AW nydbd wife; court lady
[KUN]
[fusa W] tuft, tassel, fringe; cluster, bunch
WWl/Zt fusafusa shita tufty, fringy
W Aft hitofusa no kami a tuft of hair
7\AA^W banana hitofusa a bunch
[cluster] of bananas
1238
И 2-1-7
► SHOULDER
KEN kata
я	Joyo	S8-4-4	K2410
130	C1242	®1947	U80A9
"A 7=3 7Г /п /й/W
..1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] shoulder
ЖФИ” kenkokotsu shoulder blade, scapula
ЖЖ kensho shoulder strap
7ХЖ soken both shoulders
*Й1Ж kydken baseball strong arm
[KUN]
[kata Ж] shoulder
Ж kata ni katsugu shoulder, bear
443
1236-1238
Hl-7
э —------------------------
katakori stiff shoulders
katagaki title, degree
H2-1-7	incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>see Я2-5-2: at 1616
H2-1-7	incorrect classification =>see 04-8-2 at 2219
	. incorrect classification =>see В 2-5-3: Ж at 1623
H2-1-7	
ДХ4 vT/ H2-1-7	incorrect classification  =>seeB2-4-4: w at 1569
H2-1-8	incorrect classification =>see 04-9-2 at 2223
B2-1-8	incorrect classification =^see B2-5-4: at 1637
► FAN
SEN ogi
1239	Я	Joyo	S10-4-6	K3280
H2-1-9	63	D1823	®1950	U6247
								
	—»		КI				<1	
ICOMPOUNDSI
ОФ (implement for creating a current) fan, fold-
ing fan
© (machine for creating a current) fan
a sensu folding fan
ИШЙ senjochi alluvial delta
ЙЖ hakusen white fan
b kankisen ventilation fan
0 (create a current) fan, blow
senpuki electric fan
[KUN]
[ogi S] fan, folding fan
maiogi dancer's fan
► HINGED DOOR
HI tobira
1240	Я	Joyo	S12-4-8	K4066
H2-1-11	63	D1908	®1955	U6249
10	11	12
IcompoundsI
© [also suffix] [original meaning] hinged door,
door, door leaf
kaihisuru open the door
Р5Ж monpi leaves [doors] of a gate
ft W teppi iron door
bdsuihi watertight door
[KUN]
[tobira W] [also suffix] hinged door, door;
door leaf
W Ъ tobira о haisuru push open the
door
W & HI	Tobira wa hirakareta The
door is open (to the public)
Й jiddtobira automatic door
bokatobira firedoor
1241
► EMPLOY
KO yato(u)
	Joyo	S12-8-4	K2459
172	B0880	®1956	U96C7
IcompoundsI
0 employ, engage
koydsuru employ, hire
koshu employer
1239-1241
444
2-2 В
Ж fl koin employee
Я?Ж kaiko discharge, dismissal
[KUN]
[yatou Ж 5 J
0 employ, engage
0 hire (as a boat), charter
yatoi employee;employment
Ж yatoi government employee
Ж HALT'S yatoiireru employ, engage
Ж^П yatoiguchi employment,job
0 Ж И hiyatoi daily employment; day la-
borer
b Яй Ж O fune о yatou hire a boat
IHOMQPHONESI
yatou Wx =>0)160
yatoi ЛГ =>®160
H2-1-11	incorrect classification =>see B2-7-5: at 1761
H2-1-12	► incorrect classification “ =>see В 2-4-9: at 1606
H2-1-16	incorrect classification =>see B2-4-13: at 1611
t H2-2-1	incorrect classification =>see И4-3-2 at 2126
И2-2-1	incorrect classification/ stroke-count ^seeB2-1-3: at 1228
► LETTER
► WRITINGS
BUN MON fumi ауат [Ц yuki nori
1242
H 2-2-2
	Jdyd-1	S4-4-0	K4224
67	A0168	®1962	U6587
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (written symbol) letter, character, script,
inscription
52 moji character, letter
52^Й 0 mojiddri literally
monji character, letter; writings
52Ж monmb illiteracy
sfe H 52 kinsekibun ancient inscriptions on
monuments
00 [also suffix] writings, composition, text,
document
0 written or spoken language
0 written work, book
0 LETTER, note
а 2Й2Ж bunsho writing, composition, essay;
prose
bunsho (=monjo) document, letter,
note
52ЙК bunken literature, documentary records
2Й2{$ buntai (literary) style
Д bunbogu stationery, writing materi-
als
fm52 ronbun thesis, paper, treatise, disserta-
tion
f^52 sakubun composition, essay; writing
genbun text, original text
1^52 zenbun whole text
0^52Ш fubunritsu unwritten law [rule]
8:52 chumon order, ordering; request
¥*Ji&52 hanketsubun judgment paper
jtSirtF52 kishbmon written pledge
b bunpd grammar
топки phrase, expression; complaint
ЙХ wabun Japanese text
с 52 Ж bunko library; collection of literary
works; box for stationery
d 521Й buntsu correspondence, exchange of
letters
52® bunmen contents of a letter
© [also suffix] sentence
52 № bunmyaku context
52{ЬИ bunkateki cultural
0 letters, literature, the pen
52^ bungaku literature, letters
52^^' bungakusha literary man; man of
letters
52 й bungei literature, literary art, art and
literature
52ЙЕ bungo greatmanofletters, literary mas-
ter
5CS& bungo literary [written] language
445
1242
В 2-2
2--------------------------------------------
©0 culture, learning, the arts
0 abbrev. of A A bunka: culture
a Aft bunka culture
,. AM bunmei civilization, culture
bunkyd education, culture
Z4 AnKW monbushd Ministry of Education,
.	Science and Culture
' Л АЗД^А jinbun-kagaku cultural sciences,
>—-	humanities
. ьАЖ bunkei liberal arts (department)
[INDEPENDENT!
[bun Al
V О writings, composition; (literary) style
А^Ш^э bun о neru polish one's style
0 sentence
A^rffiAftA 'Ъ bun о kumitateru con-
struct a sentence
ЕИ
[fumi A J letter, love letter
^SA koibumi love letter
[HOMOPHONES]
aya twill =>0933
1243
H2-2-2
► DIRECTION
► WAY
► SQUARE
HO kata -kata -gata -nata*
ЕЮ masa michi
£	Jdyd-2	S4-4-0	K4293
70	A0047	01963	U65B9
’ A A
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] direction, bearing, orien-
tation
АЙ hdko direction, bearing; course
Aft hoi direction, bearing
MA shiho all directions, cardinal points
ВЙА zenpd front
A A ft sahd ni to the left, on the left side
ftA hoppo north, northward; northern dis-
trict
ft A ft А) О kaiho ni mukau get better,
improve, convalesce
A ft toho ni kureru be at a loss,
be puzzled
0 locality, place, district, region, area, coun-
tryside
A® homen direction, district; field, sphere
AW hdgen dialect
AAA hobo ni in several places; everywhere,
all over
jsA enpd great distance; distant place
ftA chiho locality, district, region
©0 (one part of) side, one side
0 (one of concerned persons) side, party, part
a ippo one side, one hand; a party, the
other party; in the mean time; only
Яг A kataho one side, the other side
Ж A ryoho both
ffi A taho other side [hand]
b УЮз soho both sides [parties]
SA toho I, we, our part
A A senpd the other party, they; one's desti-
nation
0 way of doing, method, means, procedure
Aft hohd method, way; system; scheme,
means; process, procedure; plan
A£f hoshin course, policy, plan
АЖ hosaku plan, policy, scheme
Aft hoshiki formula, mode; method
ASA hbteishiki equation
00 (equal-sided rectangle) square
0 (second power) square
a AH hoen squares and circles
AiSffi hoganshi graph paper
iEA^ seihdkei square
b ft A heihb square (measure); square (of a
number)
[INDEPENDENT!
[ho AJ direction, side, way
...0Aft .. .no ho ni in the direction of, to-
wards
migi no ho ni on the right side, to
the right
Б 0 ADochira no ho e which way
[kun]
[kata Al
О DIRECTION
Ж0 A ft higashino kata ni in an easterly
direction
0 [honorific] person, gentleman, lady
1243
446
2-2
A ^7 katagata all gentlemen, all people
$>©5 ano kata that gentleman [lady], he,
she
[-kata -AJ
О [verbal suffix]
0 way of doing, manner, style, method;
how to (do)
0 suffix of nominalization
a ft A shikata way, method, means
gSLA hanashikata one's way of speaking
SAA oshiekata method of teaching
tsuzurikata composition; spelling
Hu A dekata one's attitude, move; theater
attendant, usher
0 A yarikata way of doing, method, pro-
cedure; step, measure
b Ж Ъ A Jh Uchikata yame Cease fire!
0 [also suffix] side, party
A mikata friend, ally, one's side
fflAA aitekata other [opposite] party
A 0 chichikata no on the paternal side
0 A urikata seller, selling side; art of sell-
ing
О about, approximately, roughly
@ A mekata weight
[gata -A]
О [also suffix] (of time) toward
J7 A yugata evening
ВДЦ*А akegata toward daylight
О polite plural suffix
4эША oeragata dignitary, exalted person-
alities
MA okugata wife of a nobleman
®A tonogata men, gentlemen
Ж A A anatagata you (plural)
AAA senseigata teachers; doctors
[-nata -A] direction; place
J<A anata you
Mx A sonata there, your place; thou, you
ffiA kanata other side, there
[SPECIAL READINGS!
fryukue one's whereabouts
2
► SIX
ROKU mu mu(tsu) mut(tsu) mui
1244
H2-2-2
/к	Joyo-1	S4-2-2	K4727
12	A0048	®1965	U516D
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 SIX, sixth
/хИГ roppyaku 600
ABvf rokuji six o'clock
7\Я rokugatsu June
АЙ rokkaku hexagon
roppo the six codes (of law), statute
book
Ж/x^iS dairokkan the sixth sense, intuition
[INDEPENDENT!
[roku A] six
[KUN]
[mu A] [in compounds] six
А Я @ mutsukime the sixth month
[mutsu AO] six; six years old, 6 o'clock (in
former time system)
BfJW'AO akemutsu the sixth hour of the
morning
[muttsu AO] six; six years old
AO| muttsume sixth
[mui A] [in compounds] six
AH muika six days; 6th of the month
► MEDIATE
KAI ID suke tasuku yuki yoshi
1245
H2-2-2
A	Joyo	S4-2-2	K1880
9	B0600	®1967	U4ECB
ICOMPOUNDSI
О mediate, intervene, go between; lie be-
tween
^ЬА kainyQ intervention
kaizaisuru lie between
baikai mediation, intervention,
447
1244-1245
В 2-2
о--------------------------------------------
intermediation
fan ft shdkai introduction, presentation
r	chukai mediation
,. © give a helping hand, lend support to, pro-
tect
fti&ft%) kaihosuru nurse, care for
. i TЪ kaishaku suru assist a person in
'	committing hara-kiri
*—*	yakkai trouble, annoyance
1246
H 2-2-2
► PRESENT
►THIS
KON KIN ima
Jdyd-2	S4-2-2	K2603
A0069	01968	U4ECA
home)
imadoki recently, these days
imafu modern style
ima-urashima Urashima [Rip Van
Winkle] of today
^7 ИГ о ZtW ima itta koto what you said just
now
ftlZ^b imanimo at any moment
^fT Ima ikimasu I'll come at once
(C imani before long, someday, one of
these days
ISPECIAL READINGS]
0 kyd today
kesa this morning
kotoshi this year
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
1247
H2-2-2
О PRESENT, now
kongo after this, from now on
0 konnichi today, these days
konjaku past and present, yesterday
and today
^0 Й konnichi wa Hello/Good morning
[afternoon, day]
sakkon these days
©0 [also prefix] this (week, etc.), the present
(term)
© today, today's
a ^7 0 konkai this time; lately
^Л kongetsu this month
konshu this week
konki present term
b kon'ya tonight, this evening
© next, following
kondo this time; next time, another
time; recently
[kun]
[ima now, this moment; [also prefix]
present day, modern; just now, a moment
ago; soon, at once
imagoro about this time
ima made till now, so far, up to the
present
tadaima at present, now; just now;
soon; Hello (used by person returning
► DIVIDE
► PART
► MINUTE
BUN FUN BU wa(keru) wa(ke)
wa(kareru) wa(karu) wa(katsu)
	Jdyd-2	S4-2-2	K4212
18	A0024	01972	U5206
O0 [original meaning] divide into parts, part,
separate, sever
© (become separated into parts) divide, be
divided, come apart
0 (group according to kind) divide, separate,
sort, classify
a Ъ bunkatsu suru divide up, partition,
split
bunjo sale (of land) in lots, lotting-out
fttJf bunseki analysis
5^88 bunri separation, split
buntan partial charge, allotment
bunkai disintegration, disassembly;
analysis, decomposition
bunsu fraction
Ъ shobunsuru dispose of, deal [do]
with; punish
kubunsuru divide, section, subdi-
vide
b bun'ya field, sphere, area
bunretsusuru be divided, split,
1246-1247
448
2-2 В
break up, be disrupted
bunkakai sectional subcommittee
bunsan dispersion, breakup, diver-
gence; variance
bunritsu separation, segregation
bunpitsu (=bunpi) secretion
A'fti bunpu distribution
с	bunruisuru classify, divide into
classes
ibSO'T-S bunbetsusuru classify, distinguish;
divide, separate
0 (parcel out) divide (up), distribute, apportion,
share
bunpaisuru divide, distribute, al-
lot.
haibun distribution, division, allocation
anbunsuru divide [distribute]
proportionally
00 branch off, branch out, diverge
© [also prefix] branch, offshoot
a 53RAЪ bunkisuru diverge, branch off
7Л^ bunshin the other self, one's alter ego;
branch, offshoot
b 7Л^ bunke branch family, offshoot; setting
up a branch family
bunpa branch, sect, denomination
0 tell apart, distinguish
53Я0 funbetsu discretion, prudencejudg-
ment, good sense
kenbunsuru inspect, examine,
survey
00 (segment of a whole) part, division, section,
piece
© [also suffix] (equal portion of a whole) part,
fraction
0 (constituent element) part, component
© [also suffix] (allotted portion) part, share,
portion, ration, helping
a fa ж bun гуд quantity
bubun part, section, portion
^rfa hanbun half
^(53 sekibun integral calculus, integration
jibun self, oneself
b zz/fa(D— sanbun no ichi one third, a third
part
c 333F bunshi molecule; numerator
fifcfa seibun ingredient, component, con-
stituent
d	iibun one's say [claim]; objection,
complaint
yobun excess, extra, surplus
Ж 0 A toribun one's share, portion
EA^f yoninbun four helpings [servings]
—ichinenbun a year's supply
0 [also suffix] content, percentage; quantity,
amount
suibun water, moisture, humidity
A tobun sugar content
TJI/3—Jl/fa arukdrubun percentage of
alcohol
eiyobun nutritious substance, nour-
ishment
zbkabun increment
00 relative degree, extent, rate
© condition, state
a AAfe jubunna full, enough, sufficient-
plentiful
&fa tabun probably, perhaps, maybe
Ж A ikubun partially, somewhat, in a way
Й A zuibun extremely, considerably ("as
much as one pleases")
^fa \Z. zonbun ni to one's heart's content,
freely
b nanibun anyway, anyhow; please
kibun feeling, mood; atmosphere
© one’s lot, one's place, one's station in life,
social position
#5^ mibun social position [standing]; cir-
cumstances; rank, identity
shobun nature, temperament
A A tenbun one's natural gift [endowment]
Jib fa (Z) obunno appropriate, reasonable (in
view of one's position), within one's
power [means]
00 (unit of time) minute
© (unit of angular measure) minute
0 counter for minutes
а АЭ! funsoku speed per minute
maifun every minute
be A A nijippun 20 minutes
АЙЗЕЕЙ A A hokuigodojippun 5° 10'
north latitude
0 time, short period of time
A A tobun for some time, for a while, for the
present, temporarily
Й A yabun nighttime, night, evening
449
1247
В 2-2
2------------------------------------------------
(Dequinox
shunbun vernal equinox
©0 tenth part of an equally divided whole
01/10 of 10%: 0.01
аИ^7\ shiburoku ratio of four to six
sato sanbu ni mizu
. ।	shichibu three parts of sugar to seven of
water
b	sanwarigobu 35%
I	hyakubunritsu percentage
[independent!
[bun Я]
V О amount, quantity
О tz/j$ nokotta bun amount left over
0 (allotted portion) part, share, portion, ration,
helping
-r 1=1 jibun no bun one's share [own]
[fun	MINUTE; fun
[KUN]
[wakeru
O0 divide into parts, part, separate, sever
0 (group according to kind) divide, separate,
sort, classify
G (cause to separate) part, separate, set aside
a	futatsu niwakeru divide into
two
W 0 ft kiriwakeru cut and divide
b	t kdmokubetsu ni wakeru
classify by subject
miwakeru discriminate, distin-
guish
18 0 ft yoriwakeru sort out, classify
с ЙЕнх1йр1х ^ftU^) кепка о wakeru separate
quarreling persons
0 (parcel out) divide (up), distribute, apportion,
share
Я’М'ЙЙ wakemae share, portion
o’ 5 wakeau share (with a person)
0 draw (with), end in a tie
51 oT hikiwake draw; drawn game
[match]
[wake ] [also suffix] draw, drawn game
issho nihaiichiwake one
victory, two defeats, one draw
[wakareru
0 (become separated into parts) divide, be di-
vided, come apart; disperse
0 branch off, branch out, diverge
a ftfatl wakare branch, offshoot, fork
sayu ni wakareru part
right and left
b	wakaremichi branch road, fork
[wakaru
O0 (grasp the meaning of) understand, com-
prehend, see
0 (be sympathetic toward) understand, show
understanding for (another's feelings)
a ftfa 0 wakari understanding
ftt> 0 И wakarinikui hard to understand,
incomprehensible, unintelligible
wakarazuya obstinate person,
hardhead
4Й 0 0 Й H monowakari no yoi u n-
derstanding, sensible
00 know, tell, recognize
0 be made known, be brought to light
a	sakinokotowa
wakaranai cannot tell what will happen
in the future
b	mimoto да wakaru be iden-
tified
[wakatsu
О divide, separate
ft%IKV wakachigatai inseparable
0 distinguish, discriminate
ЛЙ	chuya о wakatazu day
and night, by day and night
0 distribute (things among people)
if/0^15 o’ Z) wakachiau share (with others)
IHOMOPHONESI
wakeru JrJiJ separate =>O1117
wakareru SO SEPARATE =>0760
wakare £[J separate =>0760
wakaru
ВД JUDGE =>O1122
TAKE APART =>01517
wakatsu distribute widely =>01043
1248
H2-2-2
► FATHER
FU chichi
5$	Joyo-2	S4-4-0	K4167
88	B0690	01973	U7236
1248
450
[COMPOUNDS!
00 (male parent) father
© FATHER-in-law
a fubo father and mother, parents
fukei one's father and older brothers;
guardians
fushi father and child
sofu grandfather
b gifu father-in-law; foster father, stepfa-
ther
0 (title of respect for priests) father
shinpu priest, Father
[KUN]
[chichi (male parent) father; founder,
originator
chichioya father
Ж T	О X genshi-butsurigaku no
chichi father of atomic physics
[SPECIAL READINGS]
otosan daddy, papa
oji uncle (older than one's parent)
oji uncle (younger than one's parent)
ojiisan grandfather
1249
И2-2-2
► PUBLIC
KO KUT dyake ® kimi hiro
tadashi akira masa tada tomo kin
taka
/к	Jdyd-2	S4-2-2	K2488
12	A0108	01974	U516C
1	2	3
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 [original meaning] (relating to the public)
public, open
© the public, society, community
а 4a St кдеп public performance
kden park, public garden
kokai opening to the public
4a Ш kogai environmental pollution
4аЙ kohyo public [official] announcement,
proclamation
ja^IJ kohan (public) trial [hearing]
2-2 В
------------------------------------------------- 5
4a kochokai public [open] hearing
4a kosen public election, election by popu-
lar vote
4a Ж kobo appeal for public subscription
4a tro koron public opinion, consensus
4a HT<5 kogen suru declare in public; pro-
fess
b 4a Л kokyd public society, community A
4>4x1£ kokaido town [public] hall	>—>
4a koshu the public
0 0 [also prefix] (relating to the government) ।
public, formal, official, governmental, Д
state-managed
© public office, government office
а 4а^Д kdmuin public service personnel, r—
government worker
4a kosha public corporation
4a HI kodan public corporation	-r
4a koshikino formal, official
4a konin official recognition [approval],
authorization, certification
4a koei public management
4аАЛ0 koritsuno public (institution)
4a^J koyaku public pledge [promise]
4a лЕ kotei official, officially fixed
b 4a® kdtei official residence
4a kobunsho official document
4a$K koho public [official] report [bulletin]
$4a hoko public duty [service]; domestic
service, apprenticeship
© [also prefix] math common, general
4a koshiki formula; formality
4a Ж kosan probability
4a koyakusu common divisor
4a{§^ kdbaisu common multiple
0 impartial, fair, unbiased, just
4a ifl kdmei fairnessjustice
4a IE kosei justice, fairness, impartiality
4>¥ kohei impartiality, fairness
[kun]
[dyake 4a J the public, the government
4a О dyake no public, formal, official, gov-
ernmental
4а(Е~<Г-?) dyake nisuru publish, announce
officially
451
1249
В 2-2
2 ;	► REDUNDANT JO			
1250 уч H2-2-2	14	Joyo	S4-2-2	K3073
		D1902	01976	U5197
Т 0 (exceeding what is necessary) redundant,
Д superfluous, useless, unnecessary
jochona verbose, redundant, prolix
jodan joke
► BRANCH
► SUPPORT
SHI sasa(eru) Ц] hase
- 1251
H 2-2-2
£	Joyo-5	S4-4-0	K2757
65	A0158	©1979	U652F
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (something structurally analogous to a branch)
BRANCH, offshoot
ЖЙ5 shiten branch (office), branch (store)
ЖЯи shikyoku branch office
ЖдЕ shibu branch office
shisha branch office
00 (bear the weight of) support, prop up, hold
up
0 (provide with aid) support, maintain
а ЖЙ shichu prop, stay, support
ЖЖ shiten fulcrum, point of support
b shiji support, maintenance, backing
Ж-® shien support, backing, aid
00 pay out, disburse, defray
0 allocate, distribute, provide
а ЖиН shishutsu expenditure, disbursement,
outgo
shiharau pay
1КЖ shushi incomings and outgoings, earn-
ings and expenses
b Ж&п shikyu provision, supply; allowance,
grant; payment
shitakusuru arrange, prepare
0 control, regulate
Ж5ЕЖЪ shihaisuru control, manage, gov-
ern
[kun]
[sasaeru	(bear the weight of) sup-
port, prop up, hold up; (provide with aid) sup-
port, maintain
ЖЛ sasae prop, fulcrum, stay, support
yane о sasaeru hold up the
roof
—ikka о sasaeru support one's
family
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЖЬЖЛ'Ь sashitsukaeru be hindered
[impeded]
► GIVE CONSENT
IN Ц] masa mitsu nobu makoto
mitsuru tadashi yoshi suke
1252
H2-2-2
	Names	S4-2-2	K1684
10	D2180	01982	U5141
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 give consent, comply, accede to, permit
inka compliance, permission, assent
ASf inkyo compliance, permission, assent
► IN ADVANCE
YO HI yasushi
1253
H2-2-2
J	Joyo-3	S4-1-3	K4529
6Л	A0200	01983	U4E88
ICOMPOUNDSl
О in advance, pre-, fore-, beforehand, previ-
ously, prior to, preliminary
yogen prediction, forecast
^Ml yochi premonition, foreknowledge
yohd forecast, prediction
yosoku estimate, forecast, prediction
yosan budget; estimate, calculation
yoki expectation, anticipation, hope
Ч’Ш yoka probable [predetermined] price
^$5 yoyaku reservation, preengagement;
1250-1253
452
subscription
yotei schedule, plan, prearrangement;
expectation; estimate
yobi reserve, spare; preparation, pre-
liminaries
yoka preparatory course
yobd prevention, protection, precaution
yoshu preparation (of one's lessons)
yokan premonition, hunch
0 waver, vacillate; delay, dally
yuyosuru postpone, delay, extend;
hesitate
1254
H2-2-2
► NOON
GO
Joyo-2	S4-2-2	K2465
A0204	01984	U5348
• noon, noontime
gosui nap, afternoon sleep
gozen morning, forenoon
gogo afternoon
lE^F shogo noon, noontime
1255
В2-2-2
► LACK
KETSU ka(keru) ka(ku) ka(kasu)
Ц] kake
	Jdyd-4	S4-4-0	K2371
76	B0781	<8>1987	U6B20
1	2	3
[compounds!
O0 lack, be short of, be deficient
© lack, shortage, deficiency
a ketsubo lack,shortage,scarcity
ketsujo lack, shortage
Alt ketsuin vacant position
'f'OjAZi fukaketsuna indispensable
b Alft kesson deficit, deficiency; loss
^JXA gasuketsu running out of gas
00 incompleteness, imperfection, defect
© incomplete, imperfect, defective
____________________________________ 2-3 В
a ketten weak point, defect	2
A kanzen-muketsu absolute perfec-
tion
b A [% kekkan defect, fault, deficiency
© be absent from
kesseki absence, nonattendance уч
А1Й kekkin absence (from work)
0 vacancy, vacant post, absence
hoketsu filling a vacancy; substitute,	J]
alternate	.
tHA shukketsu	attendance	'
[KUN]	H
[kakeru Att3]	lack, be short of, be defi-	Д
cient; be vacant [missing]; wane; be broken
off
IC A	joshiki ni kakeru lack in V
common sense
—A &З’ТИ<5 hitori kakete iru one per-
son missing
А И'Т'Ф < Я kakete yuku tsuki waning
moon
A^b kakera fragment, chip
A 'у У kaketa koppu chipped cup
[kaku A < J lack, want, be short of; neglect,
omit; break off, chip
Ж A < kotokaku lack, be in need of
ЙЖ A < giriо kaku fail in one's social
duties
koppunofuchiоkaku
chip the rim of a glass
[kakasu A/MJ miss, fail to attend
kakasenai indispensable
ISPECIAL READINGS]
А1ФЖ akubi yawn
incorrect classification
A— =>see H2-1-3: at 1228
Я 2-2-2
► PROFOUND
GEN HO moto haruka
453
1254-1256
В 2-3
2 ,	----------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
О profound, abstruse, mystic, occult, myste-
rious, esoteric
-l*	genmyona abstruse, occult, mysteri-
ous
74 AM genkan entrance, (front) door
® AZ£ уйдеп na subtle and profound, quiet
and beautiful, occult
ZJ О unpolished
-|- АЖ genmai unpolished rice
ISPECIAL READINGS]
A A kuroto expert, master hand; prostitute
A--------------------------------------------
► STAND
► ESTABLISH
RITSU RYU ta(tsu) -ta(tsu)
ta(chi)- ta(teru) -ta(teru) ta(te)-
tate- -ta(te) -da(te) -da(teru)
1257
—' H 2-2-3
A	Jdyo-1	S5-5-0	K4609
117	A0061	01992	U7ACB
ICOMPOUNDSl
©0 [original meaning] stand, stand up, stand
erect
© stand on one's own legs, be independ-
ent
a xL\%. ritsuzo standing image, statue
AIM АЪ rippuku suru get angry, lose one's
temper
risshinsuru establish oneself in life
rikkoho candidacy
jEXL kiritsu standing up, rising
ЙАА'Ь chokuritsu suru stand erect
[upright], rise perpendicularly
b ЙАА§ jiritsusuru become independent,
establish oneself
8(AA<5 dokuritsu suru become independ-
ent, stand on one's own legs [feet]
© STANDpoint, stand, position
ЙА tairitsu opposition, antagonism
ФА churitsu neutrality; neutralization
MAS'S koritsusuru be isolated, stand
alone
©0 establish, set up, erect, found, institute
© ESTABLiSHed by (the nation, municipality,
etc.)
a lx A setsuritsu establishment, foundation,
setting up
UtASS juritsusuru establish, found
ASS soritsusuru establish, organize,
start
A kakuritsu establishment
Ж A konryu erection, building (as a temple)
b Tff A© shiritsu (=ichiritsu) no municipal,
city
?ДАФ shiritsu (=watakushiritsu) no private,
nongovernmental
ЙЙАО kaisharitsu no established by the
company
0 establish regulations, enact, lay down
AfiE rissho proof, demonstration, substantia-
tion
rippo legislation, lawmaking
ASSS ritsuansuru make a plan, devise,
draft
Алб risshi fixing one's aim in life
© exist, come into existence
A seiritsu coming into existence, materi-
alization; formation, organization; con-
clusion
ЖлЛ rydritsu coexistence, compatibility
?¥A sonritsu existence, subsistence
0 cubic, three-dimensional
A A rittai solid (body), cube
О unclassified compounds
rippana fine, excellent, admirable
[KUN]
[tatsu Ao]
O0 stand, stand up, rise
© stand out, be conspicuous
а АШ tachiba standpoint
A15 _hAA> tachiagaru stand up, rise to
one's feet; take action
A Й £ tachinaoru regain one's footing,
recover; (ofthe market) improve
biAO medatsu stand out, be conspicuous
cf А'Э hikitatsu be set off, improve in
appearance, contrast well
0 rise (to action), rouse oneself
Ш В 0	A A О sokoku no tame ni tatsu
rise to the rescue of one's country
© (begin an action) start (on a journey), leave,
depart
1257
454
t’ciL'S) sakidatsu precede, go before; die
before
tabidachi departure
0 (of birds) take wing, rise in the air
tobitatsu rise in the air, take flight
0 stand in good stead, be useful
&XLX> yakudatsu be of use, serve a purpose
[-tatsu -uO]
О verbal suffix indicating intensity of action or
beginning
^XL"D nitatsu boil up, begin to boil
0 take form, be formed
А Ю ILO naritatsu consist of; be realized,
be concluded, materialize
40Й oitachi one's upbringing, one's
childhood
© unclassified compounds
^XL't) yudachi sudden evening shower
ЖаГ'Ё» kaodachi looks, features
[tachi-
О [also prefix] STANDing
XL	%> tachiyomi suru browse (in a
bookstore)
tachishoben urinating outdoors
(while standing)
tachibanashi chatting while stand-
ing up
0 emphatic verbal prefix
xL'b^'b tachimodoru return, come back
ХкЪАЪ tachiiru enter,trespass
xLX £ 9 tachiau attend, take part in, wit-
ness
ХТ/Ы^Ъ tachisaru leave, depart; quit
tachiiri kinshi no trespassing
[entry]
tachinoku leave, depart, evacuate;
take refuge; vacate, leave, quit
[tateru
О stand, make stand, erect, raise, set
tatekakeru lean against, set
against
Ж A IL TA hata о tateru hoist a flag
^^^^xLX^ kohosha о tateru put up a
candidate
00 ESTABLISH, set up, form
© establish (laws), enact, lay (plans),
develop (a theory)
2-3 В
a st® %:xlXkeikakuо tateru make plans
b ЙТЙ'Т tatenaosu rally, make over; reor-
ganize
kondate menu, preparations
{ОЙ^5±ТТ> kasetsu о tateru build up a
hypothesis
© render (distinguished services)
xLXZ) tegara о tateru do a merito-
rious deed	j]
0 make use of	.
^xLXЪ yakudateru put to use, make use ।
of, turn to account	н
[-tateru -3±T<5]	д
О [emphatic verbal suffix] repeatedly, inces-
santly; intensely
&tibxLX%) semetateru make an incessant
onslaught
0 assemble, make
kumitateru assemble, construct,
erect
ttVlT-b shitateru tailor; prepare
[tate- xLX-f v.-]
О ©STANDing
© vertical, upright
a xLX^^R tatekanban standing signboard
b XLX^. tfT J tategata piano upright
piano
0 unclassified compounds
xLX^7L%) tatekaeru pay for another; pay
in advance
[-tate -SlT] [also suffix] stand, standing
object
^xLX kasatate umbrella stand
WAT tsuitate single-leaf screen
[-date -5±T]
counter for:
0 number of carriage horses or boat oars
© number of films in a multifeature movie
а	yontodate no basha
carriage and four
b —ФмТОЙ® nihondatenoeiga double
feature movie
[-dateru	suffix for forming verbs
from nouns
SdSlTA aradateru aggravate, make serious
HEffiffiTA shokodateru prove, substan-
tiate
455
1257
В 2-3
2	--------------
IHOMOPHONESI
tatsu
Ж	BUILD =>1965
,.	rise =><3)3307
START =>1634
74	PASSTHROUGH =>0898
{ tateru
Ж BUILD =>1965
POINT =><8)2084
,	M CLOSE =>®3319
I tate-
H	Ж VERTICAL =>0952
gx =><8)2837
Ж BUILD =>1965
-date Ж BUILD =>1965
V ______kCITY
|-+-t	► MARKET
I J J SHI ichi
1258	Ф Joyo-2	S5-3-2	K2752
В 2-2-3	50 A0049 01993 U5E02
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 CITY, town
0 [also prefix] (unit of local administration) city,
municipality
G suffix after names of cities
а	shisei no dekigoto events on
the street
rfj Л shinai city
TffK shimin citizens, townsmen
shigai city outskirts, suburbs
b S5 rff toshi cities, urban communities
doshi same city
TfjJS shicho mayor
TfT'M' shiei municipal management
shiyakusho municipal office, city hall
с Ж osakashi Osaka city
rWj'KTfj takamatsushi Takamatsu city
00 [original meaning] market, fair
© economics market
офШ shijo market, mart
rfjfJz shihan marketing
b W shikyd market conditions, tone of the
market
rfffiffi shika market price
[independent!
[shi TfiJciTY
[KUN]
[ichi ft? J market, fair
ЖШ ichiba market, marketplace
0 rff seriichi auction sale
rfr yamiichi blackmarket
Tfi garakutaichi rummage sale
► COMMAND
REI Ц] yoshi ryd nori
1259
H 2-2-3
	Jdyd-4	S5-2-3	K4665
9	B0844	01995	U4EE4
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
[also suffix]
О [original meaning] command, order, decree
meirei command, orders; edict, decree
shirei commanding; commander, com-
mandant
ЖтГ gunrei military command
8$ тГ jirei written appointment; wording,
phraseology
Jhtj" shirei order, instruction
Billon kunrei instructions, (official) orders, di-
rective
Ъ goreisuru give an order, com-
mand
doinrei mobilization order(s)
0 ordinance, law, act
tj" seirei government ordinance, cabinet
order
ii horei laws and ordinances, statute
kaigenrei martial law
1260
И2-2-3
► COPY
SHA utsu(su) utsu(ru)
	Jdyd-3	S5-2-3	K2844
14a	B0647	®2000	U5199
2	3	4	5
1258-1260
456
2-3
[COMPOUNDS!
О (reproduce an original, esp. by writing) copy,
make a copy, transcribe, reproduce, imitate
shakyd copying of a sutra, copied sutra
^4. shasei sketching [drawing] from nature;
portrayal
shahon manuscript, written copy
tosha copy, reproduction, mimeograph
fukusha copy, duplication
shosha transcription, copying, handwrit-
ing
mosha copying, tracing, reproduction
0 (depict in pictures or words) portray, picture,
depict, describe
shashin photograph
shajitsu objective description; realism
bydsha depiction, description; portrayal;
drawing
О shoot, photograph, take pictures
shashoku phototypesetting
tokusha exclusive shooting
[photographing] (for a magazine)
sessha close-up photograph
[KUN]
[utsusu
О copy, make a copy, transcribe, reproduce,
imitate
L utsushi copy, transcript, duplicate, imi-
tation
ikiutsushi close resemblance
0 take a picture, photograph, shoot
^¥Ж shashin о utsusu take a picture,
photograph
[utsuru ^&]v/
О (of pictures) be taken, come out
0 utsuri print, impression
kono shashin ni
utsutte iru hito the man in this photo-
graph
0 be seen through
sukete utsuru be seen through
[HOMOPHONESI
utsusu
Eft REFLECT =>0600
SHIFT =>0798
utsuru
Eft REFLECT =>0600
H
2
SHIFT =>0798
utsuri
Eft REFLECT =>0600
SHIFT =>0798
1261	► SUMMON SHO me(su)				71
	□	Joyo	S5-3-2	K3004	
H2-2-3	30	D1763	©2001	U53EC	
и юр
1	2	3	4	5	Д
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] summon (esp. one's infe-
rior), call together, convene	V
shoshusuru call together
SlftT-b shokan suru recall, call back
shokan summons, citation
oshdsha draftee
[KUN]
[mesu ST] [honorific] summon, call, send
for; wear, put on
S'®* meshitsukai servant
4oS omeshimono dress, clothes
meshiagaru eat, drink
1262
H 2-2-3
► OLD
KO furu(i) furu- -furu(su)
□	Jdyd-2	S5-3-2	K2437
30	A0470	©2002	U53E4
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (not new) old
0 [also prefix] (ofthe remote past) old, ancient,
obsolete
a Sft kosho old book, rare book
kofd old style; old customs
Й1*Ж keiko practice, rehearsal; learning
b S’ft koten classics; old book
"Йз fi-ft koseki historic remains, ruins
frft kodai ancient times, antiquity, remote
ages
457
1261-1262
Яг-3_____________________________________________
2 ’Й'Вп кода obsolete word; old proverb
fi^lr komonjo ancient documents; pale-
ography
fi^v kokon ancient and modern times
koki three score and ten, seventy years
of age
kdkogaku archaeology
f|["fi fukko revival (of the ancient regime),
j-j	restoration
i [KUN]
* [furui $И] OLD/ antiquated, outdated,
ь ancient
у fi" furu old thing, used article
fi$ furusa oldness, antiqueness
furubiru grow old; look old
"fijMH furukusai antiquated, old-fashioned;
obsolete
fi*^ furuhon old book, secondhand book
‘ Ф"Й“ chuburu (=chuko) secondhand [used]
goods
[furu- fi-J [prefix] old, secondhand
fi"9rffl furushinbun old newspapers
[-furusu -rST] [verbal suffix] become or
cause to become old
V tsukaifurusu wear out (a thing) by
use
iifurushita kotoba hack-
neyed saying
1263
H2-2-3
► OCCUPY
► DIVINE
SEN shl(meru) urana(u) IS ura
shime
b	Joyo	S5-2-3	K3274
25	B0669	®2003	U5360
1 ‘‘.Ш
ICOMPOUNDSl
О occupy, hold, seize, take (up)
fit® senkyo occupation, exclusive posses-
sion
fi W*?*%> sen'yu suru occupy, take posses-
sion of
firMttil senryochi occupied area
fi dokusen exclusive possession, monop-
oly
0 [original meaning] divine, tell fortune, augur
fi ЖЖ senseijutsu astrology
[KUN]
[shimeru fi£)&] occupy, hold, take (up)
0 fi hitorijime monopoly, exclusive
possession
jit И fi <5 kaishimeru buy up
[uranau fi 5 J divine, tell (a person's) for-
tune, augur
fiH uranai divination, fortunetelling
fil^Brfi uranaishi diviner,fortuneteller
£ fi И hoshiuranai astrology
IHOMOPHONESI
uranau К =><8>3367
uranai bx =><8)3367
1264
H2-2-3
► SPEAK ELOQUENTLY
► VALVE
BEN
	Joyo-5	S5-3-2	K4259
55	B0620	®2004	U5F01
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 speak eloquently, orate, talk
0 speech, talk
a benshi speaker, talker; film interpreter
yuben eloquence, fluency
netsuben fervent speech, passionate
eloquence
nobenka eloquent speaker, orator
tobensuru reply, answer; defend
oneself
b benzetsu speech
tabenna talkative
totsuben slowness of speech
0 [suffix] (regional speech) dialect, accent
tdhokuben Tohoku dialect [accent]
kansaiben Kansai dialect [accent]
00 argue, debate, dispute
0 argue for [in favor of], speak (up) for,
defend, explain, justify
a benron discussion, argument; oral pro-
ceedings
LtFBIzt bengoshi lawyer, attorney
1263-1264
458
kiben sophism, sophistry
f^^F'3*Ъ daiben suru speak [act] for an-
other; pay by proxy
b benmei vindication, explanation, de-
fense
5^FJW benkai explanation, vindication, justifi-
cation, excuse
trLzfplTЪ kdbensuru make a plea, demur,
defend oneself
0 [also suffix] (machine part) valve
^^^F anzenben safety valve
haikiben exhaust valve
0 distinguish, discriminate, differentiate,
discern
benshoho dialectic
Ж A shiben speculation
kanbensuru pardon, forgive; tol-
erate
00 dispose of, manage, attend to
0 pay, defray
a ^Ff^W benmukan commissioner
^Fii± benrishi patent attorney
^FS bento box lunch, lunch, picnic lunch
o'^F goben joint management [venture]
b zfF^T bensai repayment, payment, settlement
ztF'fit'T'?) benshosuru compensate, indem-
nify
§ ^FT%) jiben suru pay one's own expenses
5^F’3~Ъ shiben suru pay, defray, disburse
0 abbrev. of ^F Уа bento: box lunch, lunch
WR^F ekiben station lunch
0 petal (of a flower)
IE# kaben (=hanabira) petal
1265
Я 2-2-3
► STAND
► COUNTER FOR VEHICLES
DAI TAI
□	Joyo-2	S5-3-2	K3470
30A	A0264	©2005	U53F0
1	2	3	4	5
[COMPOUNDS!
О [also suffix]
0 (structure for placing on) stand, pedestal,
rack, table, support, mount
0 (elevated structure) stand, platform
2-3 В
. -------------------------------------------2
а о Ж daiza pedestal, base, stand
д' shokudai candlestick, candlestand
д' gakufudai music stand	r
ЙД kyddai dressing table	, _
fpf д' nidai carrier, bed (of a truck)
shindai bed, sleeping berth	/ч
St L’o nagashidai sink, washstand
д' jikkendai testing bench; subject of
an experiment	J]
b д' eppeidai reviewing stand	,
шЕДд* shdnindai witness stand	'
Eft A suberidai (playground) slide; launch- н
ing platform
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] (elevated structure
commanding a wide view) observatory, look-
out, tower, tall building
ДХ o' tenmondai astronomical observatory
ЯША kishodai meteorological observatory
fl* o' tddai lighthouse; oil-lamp stand
A miharidai lookout
0 (elevated land structure) heights, hill, terrace,
tableland
АЙ1 daichi plateau, tableland
гй A takadai high ground, hill, height
00 counter for vehicles (as automobiles
or bicycles)
0 counter for machines or mechanical
devices (as sewing machines, televisions,
telephones, etc.)
a A^fc daisu number of vehicles [machines]
ЙКЖАА jiddshajudai ten cars
b S. ДДАА mishin rokudai six sewing
machines
00 (physical) base, framework, base material
0 (nonphysical) basis, foundation
a i A dodai foundation,base,basis;utterly
b АШ daichb ledger, register
Д	dainashininaru be spoiled,
come to nothing
0 stage; the stand, the theater
A A daihon playbook, script, scenario
W A butai stage, the boards
0 Taiwan, Formosa
AEW taiwan Taiwan
АФМ'К taichu kankei relations between
Taiwan and China
АД taihoku Taipei
459
1265
Н2-3
2----------------------------------------------
© typhoon
д'Ж taifu typhoon
0 kitchen
_l*	daidokoro kitchen
midai wife of a shogun or a highest-
ranking nobleman
[independent!
-p [dai pF] stand, pedestal, rack, table, mount;
platform
o' id Wc'ti’-2) dai ni noseru set on a stand
I f incorrect classification
Д	=>seeB2-1-4: at 1231
B2-2-3
► HALBERD
Jf > MU hoko
2^1 . , ,
1266	У Joyo S5-5-0 K442?
В 2-2-3	110|d1601| ®2008 U77DB

ICOMPOUNDSl
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] arrow
kyushi (=yumiya) bow and arrow
—isshiо mukuiru return a
blow, retaliate
[kun]
[ya
OG arrow, dart
0 wedge
a yajirushi arrow (mark)
yasaki arrowhead
SA dokuya poisoned arrow [dart]
0 used phonetically for ya
yatarani indiscriminately; reck-
lessly; thoughtlessly
A5S 0 yahari as I thought, as expected; also;
still; after all (is said and done)
1268
H2-2-4
► ALSO
EKI mata
Names	S6-2-4	K4382
D2906	®2011	U4EA6
0 [original meaning] ancient Chinese weapon
resembling a halberd or spear
mujun contradiction
[kun]
[ hoko	] ancient halberd or spear consist-
ing of a long shaft and a double-edged blade
hokosaki spearhead; the aim (of an at-
tack); the brunt (of an argument)
IHOMQPHONESI
hoko
Йх =><8>1720
=>®3462
1267
H 2-2-3
► ARROW
SHI ya
%	Jdyd-2	S5-5-0	K4480
111	C1257	®2009	U77E2
[KUN]
[mata [often preceded by mo] also,
too, as well
Karemomataiihitoda
He is a nice man, too
Ф watashi mo mata I also, me too
IHOMQPHONESI
mata
X AGAIN =>2108
Ж RETURN TO =>®575
1269
H2-2-4
► THE BOAR
GAI i
Names	S6-2-4	K1671
D2726	®2012	U4EA5
[KUN]
[i Ж J twelfth sign ofthe Oriental zodiac:the
BOAR
Мой / no коки 10 o'clock in the evening
1266-1269
460
2-4 В
[HOMOPHONESI
/ WILD BOAR =>0392
1270
И2-2-4
► GARMENT
I E’ koromo kinu’
a.	Jdyd-4	S6-6-0	K1665
145	C1201	@2013	U8863
—J—			%	
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 garment, garments, clothing, clothes
0 outer garment, gown, (priestly) robe,
surplice
a ic^ isho clothes, garment, dress, costume
irui clothes, garments
icflR ifuku clothes, dress, clothing
ic*4 iryo clothing, garments
icittt ishokuju food, clothing and shelter,
the necessities of life
Ta ic chakui one's clothes [clothing]
b icl£ ihatsu (=ehatsu) mysteries (of Bud-
dhism or an art)
Sic hakui(=byakue) white robe [dress];
white coat
hoi (=hde) sacerdotal robe
{sic so/ priestly robe
5^icS£81 ten'imuho perfect beauty with no
trace of artifice
fflsJic doi jacket, vest
^kic gaii outer garment
|KUN]
[ koromo ic] outer garment, gown,
(priestly) robe; garments, clothing, clothes
>Hic hagoromo robe of feathers
fi^^Oic sumizome no koromo black
robe (of a priest)
ic®X. koromogae seasonal change of
clothes
[special readings]
Йic yukata (=yokui) informal summer ki-
mono, yukata
IHOMOPHONESI
kinu SILK =>0920
JU a(teru) Ц] mitsu mitsuru atsu
makoto yoshi
1271	JL	Joyo	S6-2-4	K2928
B2-2-4	10	C1032	@2014	U5145
1		£
ICOMPOUNDSl
00 fill, become full
0 fill, fill up, stop up	-r-
а JWTjutensuru fill, fill up, plug
<5 juman suru be full, be filled with,
overflow
jubun na full, enough, sufficient;
plentiful
kakuju expansion, amplification
b jusoku sufficiency
LZz jujitsu shita full, complete, rich
0 fill up (a vacancy), make up for (a defi-
ciency)
ЙМ juin reserves
hojusuru supplement, replenish,
recruit
[KUN]
[ateru	allot, assign, appropriate
kaneoshakkin
no hensai ni ateru allot money to the
payment of debts
IHOMOPHONESI
ateru
THE PRESENT =>1378
ADDRESS =>02222
1272
B2-2-4
► INTERCOURSE
► INTERCHANGE
KO maji(waru) maji(eru) ma(jiru)
ma(zaru) ma(zeru) -ka(u)
ka(wasu) Щ kata
—L->	Joyo-2	S6-2-4	K2482
8	A0214	®2015	U4EA4
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 intercourse, friendly relations,
461
1270-1272
В 2-4
2-------------------------------------------------
association, friendship
© have friendly relations with, associate
a 35IS kosai association, friendship, inter-
course
Ш35 kokko diplomatic relations, national
friendship
b ^k35 gaikd diplomacy, foreign relations
®f35 dankd severing [breaking off] relations
©0 (give and receive mutually) interchange,
exchange
0 (succeed each other) interchange, alter-
nate, go back and forth
а 35ШХ6) kokansuru exchange, interchange,
barter, substitute
/-*	koeki trade, commerce
35{t35'St bunkakdryu cultural exchange
b	kotaisuru relieve (a person), take
turns, alternate
35S kdban police box
355 kdgoni mutually, reciprocally, alter-
nately
5СЙ1 кдгуй alternating current; interchange
35111 kotsu traffic, transport; communications
35111 It kdtsuhi transportation expenses, car-
fare
35 ill Ж kotsu-jiko traffic accident
35'?$ kosho negotiation, bargaining, discus-
sion
© [original meaning] intercross, intersect, cross
35zrE"3~<6 kosasuru cross, intersect (each
other)
kosaten crossing, intersection, cross-
roads; junction
35Wg kosen war, battle
0 intermingle, mix, blend
35$a kosaku mixture, blending, complication
?Ж35зГЪ konko suru mix up, jumble to-
gether
© hand over, deliver
35Ъ kdfusuru deliver, grant, hand (a
ticket) to (a person)
Ж35Х-6 shukosuru hand, deliver
[KUN]
[majiwaru 35Ъ-6] vi cross, intersect; asso-
ciate with, keep company with, mingle with,
mix with; have friendly relations with, associ-
ate
—Ш 0 35Ъ Ъ	nisen no majiwaru ten
junction of two lines
35 Ъ V majiwari acquaintance, relations;
sexual intercourse
[majieru 35A-6]vt mix; cross
п-Х7£Зел6> уйтоа о majieru inter-
sperse with humor
ЖХ^35А_Т hizaomajiete sitting knee to
knee; intimately
[majiru 3513-6] vibe mingled, be mixed,
intermingle (with the constituents remaining
distinct)
Й ^3513 0 0® shiragamajiri no kami
grizzly hair
3513 *9 X itt kodomo ni majitte
asobu join children at play
[mazaru 35 cS-6] same as majiru 35136
^15^'355 о 55C eigoga mazatta bun
writing interspersed with English
[mazeru 35i?-6] vt (combine together, with the
constituents remaining distinct) mix, shuffle
Se-tno mazeori mixed weave
5И355 naimaze intertwinement, blend
[-kau -35 Z) ] [verbal suffix] act reciprocally
Я1О^35'9 tobikau fly about
fr cf "9 ikikau come and go, go back and
forth
[kawasu 35ЪТ] exchange
® 35torikawasu exchange, inter-
change
М35Ъ'Х mikawasu exchange glances
I HOMOPHONES |
majiru ® mix =>0381
mazaru mix =>0381
mazeru ® mix =>0381
r >	► RASH MO BO			
				
1273				
		Joyo	S6-3-3	K4449
H2-2-4	38	D2284	®2016	U5984
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] rash, reckless, wild, outra-
geous, thoughtless, indiscriminate
1273
462
S з bogen (=тбдеп) rash remark, thought-
less words
moso wild idea [fancy], paranoiac delu-
sion
SIM mdshin blind belief, credulity
keikyo-modo suru act rashly
Q.	incorrect stroke-count
4	=>see H2-2-5: at 1286
Я2-2-4
1274
В2-2-4
► COMBINE
► FIT
GO GAT- KAT- a(u) -a(u) a(i) ai-
-a(i) -ai a(wasu) a(waseru)
-a(waseru)
□	Joyo-2	S6-3-3	K2571
30	A0026	02019	U5408
2	3	4	5	6
IcompoundsI
О [original meaning] combine, unitejoin to-
gether, meet
|H]0 gdddno combined, united, joint-
congruent
□'gt'^'b gokeisuru add up, total
ел ЙС gdsei composition, synthesis
o’ztF goben joint management [venture]
gappeisuru combine, unite,
merge
'□ЖИЙ gasshukoku the United States (of
America)
d’Pb gassho chorus
gasshukusuru lodge together,
stay in a camp for training
□	*®c kassen battle, encounter
shugosuru gather, meet, assem-
ble; summon, call together
tsugo convenience, circumstances; in all,
altogether, totally
sogo synthesis, integration
ketsugdsuru unite, combine, join
together
rengo combination, union, alliance; as-
sociation
togosuru integrate, combine,
unify
{L □“4Й kagobutsu (chemical) compound
2-4 В
Zttsln "Ъ'Ъ kongd suru mix, mingle
О juxtapose, put side by side
shdgosuru verify, compare, collate
© fit, suit, agree, accord, coincide
n't# gokaku passing an examination, eligibil-
ity
□	'll gori rationality
o'SKt gorika rationalization, streamlining
□	'S goho legality, legitimacy
n\HC goi mutual agreement [consent] [x
□"1^ gatchi agreement, concurrence
Й □“’З"<5 tekigd suru suit, be fit, conform
(to)
[KUN]
[au n"5]v/
©0 FIT, suit
© harmonize, agree with, coincide
a IZ. Й < ел О karada niyoku au fit (a
person) well
b (И o' Z) niau befit, suit; match well
0 come together, meet
kamiau gear [engage] with, be in
gear [mesh]; bite each other
© be right [correct]
awanaikotae incorrect an-
swer
[-au - o' О ] [verbal suffix] act upon each other,
act reciprocally
0 o"9 shiriau get acquainted with each
other .
oreau make concessions, come to
an agreement
(Sc V naguriau fight, exchange blows
[ai o’V\ai- o’-]
О [in compounds]
© FiTting
0 prearranged, agreed upon
а □‘H®x aikagi duplicate key, passkey
b □‘IS aizu signal,sign
aikotoba password
© (space between) interval, space, opening
o' ai no to door between the rooms
© (time between) interval, intermission
n*ainote interlude
□'flfl aima interval
0 [in compounds] mixed (blood)
463
1274
В 2-4
n ——--------------------------------------------
□ Иainoko derogatory person of mixed
parentage; crossbreed
o' И cS aibiki beef and pork ground to-
gether
[-ai -□’H, -"nJ
Z4 О element after verbs:
0 for forming nouns
© indicating reciprocality
J—* a ffila kumiai union, guild, association
[/ Йен shiai match, game
L"* b IS I/ И hanashiai talk, discussion, nego-
-r-	tiation, consultation
ЛсГ И miai meeting with a view to mar-
riage; looking at each other
A- 00 appearance, general impression
© situation, condition, occasion
iroai tone [shade] of color, coloring,
tint
b Д-o' guai condition, state; health; manner,
way
Шо' baai occasion, situation, circumstances,
case
© degree, extent
Йен doai degree,extent, rate
o' buai rate, percentage; commission
o' wariai rate, proportion, ratio; compara-
tively
[awasu nW! same as awaseru £зЪ#<5
о'Ъ’Й’Йя awasekagami mirrors set against
each other
Zthif о'Ъ'Т mazeawasu mix together;
blend, compound
tt □‘Ъ’ё’ shiawase happiness, blessing;
good fortune
[awaseru rnbthSJvr
O0 (make into one) combine unite,join
© (bring two or more things together) join
together, combine, merge
а ffl. <7^	kumiawaseru combine,
assort, join together, match
b	awasewaza judo combined trick
0 mix, compound
kusuri о awaseru compound
a medicine
00 make fit, adjust, tune
© harmonize, match
a	rajio о awaseru tune in
the radio
b i=f	гл Ъ’Й’T ЙЙ Ъ ongaku ni awasete
odoru dance to the music
0 sum [add] up
□'Ъ'&ТМЙ awasete hyakko a hundred
in total
0 collate, tally with
b L <5 terashiawaseru check by
comparison, collate, verify
15 H'obU toiawase reference, request for
information
JTt? ГЗ foii* uchiawase preliminary
[previous] arrangement, preliminaries
Ф L'&bii?) mdshiawaseru make ar-
rangement, mutually agree
[-awaseru -o'bit <5 ] [verbal suffix]
О act upon each other, act reciprocally
JnL £3 foizt miawaseru look at each other;
put off, give up
machiawaseru wait, meet by
appointment
0 happen to
Oo'bit’O ariawaseno available, in
[on] hand
IHOMOPHONESI
au
£ MEET =>1275
if MEET WITH =>2019
Ж TREAT =>®3135
ai
Щ INTERVAL =>®3323
ffl PHASE =>0609
awaseru
TOGETHER =>0060
£ MEET =>1275
if MEET WITH =^>2019
shiawase
=>1408
=>0088
=>0021,1274
1275
H2-2-4
► MEET
► SOCIETY
KAI E a(u) a(waseru) ® ai
Joyb-2	S6-2-4	KI 881
A0006	©2020	U4F1A
1275
464
IcompoundsI
О [original meaning] (encounter by chance or
arrangement) meet, see, encounter, interview
kaiwa conversation
kaidan conversation, talk, conference
AJIL kaiken interview, audience
kaishokusuru dine together, have
[take] a meal together
saikaisuru meet again
mikkaisuru meet secretly
menkai seeing, interview
©0 [also suffix] MEETing, gathering; assembly,
conference
© [also suffix] party
0 session (of a legislative body, esp. the
Japanese Diet)
a o' kaigd meeting, gathering
kaikan hall, assembly hall
kaijd place of meeting, site
АВЙ kaigi conference, meeting, council
Ж^ shukai gathering, meeting, assembly
Жзх sokai general meeting
^] A kaikai opening a meeting
taikai mass meeting, rally; meet, tour-
nament
zadankai round-table talk, sympo-
sium
b bonenkai year-end party ("forget the
year party")
bansankai dinnerparty
с	kaiki session (of the Diet)
kyukai adjournment, recess (of the Diet)
0 (legislative) assembly, council
Ш A gikai assembly, national assembly
kokkai National Diet; national assembly,
congress
kenkai prefectural assembly
00 [also suffix] society, association, club,
circle, guild
© suffix after names of societies or clubs
a kaisha company, corporation, firm
AM kaiin member
Ш A kydkai association, society
Й1А shakai society, the world
A ddkdkai association of like-minded
persons; club
b 'X XXX A iezusukai Society of Jesus
2-4 В
-----------------------------------------------2
© comprehend, understand, realize
АЯН eshaku salutation, greeting, bow
AA© kaishinno congenial, satisfying, after
one's heart	r
© opportunity, occasion
A kikai opportunity, occasion
©accounting
A§t kaikei account, finance; bill
© chief city, capital
S5 A tokai city, town
© verify
Й^АЖ-Ь shokaisuru inquire, apply for in-
formation	s*
[INDEPENDENT!
[kai A] MEETing, gathering, party; society,
association
A А	kai ni shusseki suru attend a
meeting
АОЙОлЛ^ kai no soritsusha founder of a
society
[KUN]
[au Ad] (encounter by chance or arrangement)
meet, see, encounter, interview
A A A d hito ni au meet [see] a person
A A A d tachiau attend, take part in, wit-
ness
ffiAV^ deai meeting, encounter
[awaseru	] have (a person) meet
(another), allow (a person) to see (someone)
A AA)id^) shacho niawaseru ar-
range a meeting with the company
president
IHOMOPHONESI
au
1® MEET WITH =>2019
11 TREAT =>®3135
□ COMBINE =>1274
awaseru
A COMBINE =>1274
TOGETHER =>0060
I® MEET WITH =>2019
465
1275
2-4
Ml
1276
В2-2-4
► PROJECT
KI kuwada(teru)
Joyo	S6-2-4	K2075
A0241	®2021	U4F01
” l I TrmiPiiEi
ICOMPOUNDSl
L О (form a plan or intention for) project, draw up
-r- [organize] a project, lay plans, undertake a
project
Q) project, plan, program
f—	a	kite plan, scheme, intention
k 4	kigyo undertaking, enterprise; business
enterprise, company
b	kikaku plan, project
[KUN]
[kuwadateru ±iiTX] plan, contrive, design,
plot, scheme, project; attempt, try, under-
take
jJsT kuwadate plan, scheme, project, enter-
prise; attempt
inbo о kuwadateru plot
against
satsugai о kuwadateru
make an attempt on a person's life
1277
► WHOLE
ZEN matta(ku) sube(te)A
[D mata masa take
Л	Jdyd-3	S6-2-4	K3320
9Л	A0088	®2022	U5168
В 2-2-4
O0 [also prefix] (including everything) whole, all,
complete, total, entire
0 in all, a total of
a rP zenbu all, the whole; wholly, entirely
^{$0 zentai no whole, entire; general
zenryoku all one's might, full capacity
zensho total destruction by fire
zenpanno whole, general, overall
zenshu complete works
isH zen'in all members, entire staff
zengaku sum total, total amount
zensokuryoku full [top] speed, full
steam
b zenzen wholly, totally, completely; (not)
at all
0 (extending over the full range) whole, all, pan-
zenkoku the whole country
zenкд the whole school
zenbei all America, pan-America
zensekai the whole world
zen'ajia kaigi Pan-Asiatic
Conference
0 (free from flaws or damage) whole, complete,
perfect, intact
kanzenna perfect, complete, whole
banzenno perfect, infallible, abso-
lutely secure
anzen safety, security
kenzenna healthy, sound
[KUN]
[mattaku < ] entirely, completely, wholly,
utterly; truly, indeed
OMft mattaku no rdhi sheer waste
Z) matto suru accomplish, fulfill,
carry out
[subete
O0 all, everything, the whole
0 entirely, wholly
a subete no all, entire, whole
0 generally, as a rule
IHOMQPHONESI
subete
Я commonplace =><8)2938
Ш TOTAL 379
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-3: at 1383
В2-2-4
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-2-3: ~ at 1260
В2-2-4
1276-1277
466
2-4
1278
И2-2-4
► PURPORT
SHI типе
H	Joyo	S6-4-2	K2761
72	C1243	®2024	U65E8
RIB
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (main idea) purport, meaning, tenet, sub-
stance, gist, point
0 (reason for an action) purport, purpose, aim
аМв ydshi gist,point,essentials,summary;
purport
is shushi gist, main point, substance
Bras ronshi point of an argument
b ffi в shushi purpose, aim; purport, meaning
7П в shushi tenets of a religious sect;
(religious) sect
honshi main object, true aim
[KUN]
[типе в]effect,purport
sonomuneo
kakiokuru write to (a person) to that ef-
fect
IHOMOPHONESI
типе RELIGIOUS SECT =>1419
1279
Я 2-2-4
► HUNDRED
HYAKU momov Ц] do
a	Joyd-1	S6-5-1	K4120
106	A0071	®2026	U767E
,'Т".'ГТ1.ЖЖ
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О HUNDRED
HF4 hyakuen 100 yen
ЖАФ hyakubunritsu percentage
MAS hyakubai hundredfold, hundred times
fWii gohyaku nanaju 570
0 numerous, various
1=3 hyakusho farmer, peasant
ЖЖЙ? hyakkaten department store
hyakka-jiten encyclopedia
Жnf hyakkei all means
[INDEPENDENT!
[hyaku И] HUNDRED
[SPECIAL READINGS]
АЖД yaocho rigged affair, fixed game
ЛИЖ yaoya greengrocer; jack-of-all-trades
мГ|
1280
H2-2-4
► COLOR
SHOKU SHIK1 iro
6	Jdyd-2	S6-6-0	K3107
139	B0649	®2029	U8272
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] color, coloring
shikisai color, coloring, hue, tinge
Ж.Ж shikiso pigment, coloring matter
Wfi seishoku (=aoiro) blue
genshoku primary color
tennenshoku natural color; techni-
color
© (facial expression) color, complexion, coun-
tenance, look
ЖЙ ganshoku (=kaoiro) complexion, coun-
tenance, expression
ifnfi kesshoku complexion
M'S kishoku (=keshiki) mood, feeling; looks,
countenance
© [also suffix] (characteristic feature) color,
character, feature
tokushoku characteristic
chihoshoku local color
Д'ЁА ishokuno novel, unique
busshokusuru look for, pick out
0 scenery, scene
keshiki scenery, landscape
© lust, sensual pleasure, sexual passion, love
&IW shikijd lust
shikiyoku lust, carnal desire, sexual pas-
sion
ЖЖ shikima woman hunter, sex fiend
А Ж joshoku woman's charms, lust
koshokuka lecher, Don Juan
shushoku wine and women, sensual
467
1278-1280
В 2-4
2------------------------------------------------
pleasures
[KUN]
tiro
O0 [also suffix] color, hue, tint, shade
© counter for COLORS
G (substance that imparts color) color, dye,
'' pigment
, a irodoru color, paint, dye; make up
M'S kiiro yellow
К faxdaidaiiro orange (color)
aMSS komugiiro light brown, suntan
barairo rose color
b miiro three colors
c	iroonuru paint, daub
, 00 (skin tone) color, complexion
0 (facial expression) color, look, expression;
indication, tone
iro о ushinau lose color, turn pale
feW iroka beauty, loveliness, feminine
charms; color and scent
b	akinoiro autumnal tints
0 kind, sort
'S/ufe ironna various kinds of
iroirona various kinds of
1281
H2-2-4
► CONTEND
SO araso(u)
Jdyd-4	S6-1-5	K3372
A0335	02030	U4E89
0 [original meaning] (struggle in opposition) con-
tend, contest, compete, struggle for
© (strive in debate) contend, dispute, argue
a sodatsu scramble, contest, struggle
senso war, battle
kyososuru compete, contend, vie
funso conflict, strife
НФ toso fight, conflict
b Ф1Й sogi dispute, strike
soten point of contention, issue
Вф- ronso dispute, argument
[kun]
[arasou Ф- d J (struggle in opposition) con-
tend, contest, compete, struggle for; (strive in
debate) contend, dispute, argue
arasoi dissension, feud, discord, quarrel;
competition; dispute
yushd о arasou contend for
victory
ikkoku о arasou race against
time
seiken arasoi struggle for political
power
arasowarenai indisputable
ж iiarasoi dispute, quarrel
incorrect classification
/ EL =>see ПЗ-4-2: at 2041
H2-2-4
1282
H2-2-4
► CAN
KAN
&	Joyo	S6-6-0	K2044
121	C1514	02033	U7F36
O0 CAN, tin
0 [suffix] CANned [tinned] food
a f&W 0 kankiri can opener
катите canned goods, canning;
cooping-up, confining
b	bt& bisukettokan can of biscuits
kanikan canned crab
00 steam boiler
0 kettle
a	kikanshitsu boiler room; stokehold,
fire room
b yakan kettle
[independent!
[kan ®] can, tin
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with 55 =>®2032
1281-1282
468
1283
В2-2-4
► EVERY
MAI -goto(ni)* О tsune
s	Joyo-2	S6-4-2	K4372
80	B0738	®2034	U6BCE
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [also prefix] every, each
ff 0 mainichi every day
ff maiasa every morning
ff® maikai everytime
ff mainen (=maitoshi) every year
ff maigo each [every] issue
ff ЙЁ maido every [each] time, always
ffiffl maishd every week
SdtBS 0 maidoyobi every Saturday
[KUN]
[-gotoni -ff IZ ] every, each, at an interval
of
— 0 11 ff IZ futsukame-gotoni every other
day
► YEAR
NEN toshi Ц] tose ne minoru
Joyo-1	S6-3-3	K3915
A0008	®2035	U5E74
1284
В 2-2-4
1	2	3	4	5	6
[COMPOUNDS!
OO [also suffix] (period of revolution around the
sun) year, solar year
О [also suffix] (period from January 1 to Decem-
ber 31 or equiv.) year, calendar year
G YEARly, annual
G counter for YEARS
Ф suffix indicating the chronological order
of years in a given era
a nennen year by year, annually
taiyonen solar year
b nendo year, fiscal year; school year; term
Afsl nenkan period of one year
Я nengetsu years (and months), time
2-4 В
a nengappi date	2
ff^ mainen every year
kyonen last year
shinnen New Year	(
—issakunen (=ototoshi) the year be-
fore last	yx
c nenkin annuity, pension
nensan yearly output, annual produc-
tion
nenshu annual income
d ЙФА gojdnen 50 years	Lj
e ФЛЖ5+senkyuhyaku-	-r-
gojdhachinen 1958
showa rokujunen sixtieth year
of the Showa era (1985)
© years, one's age
nenrei age, years
^^(=^@H) nenpai age, years; elderly age
shdnen boy
teinen mandatory retirement age
chunen middle age
bannen late in life
О age, era, epoch
nendai age, era, period; date
nengd name of era, reign title
[kun]
[toshi
О YEAR
otoshidama New Year's (money) gift
kotoshi this year
ff^ maitoshi every year
hantoshi (=hannen) half a year
urudoshi leap year
© one's years, age
W 0 toshiyori old [aged] person, the
aged; older councilor
toshiueno older, senior
toshitotta old, aged
toshigoro age; marriageable age; ado-
lescence, puberty
[HOMOPHONES]
toshi
YEAR =>02490
fip AGE =>01895
469
1283-1284
В 2-4
Н2-2-4
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-4-2: at 2037
  r > ►FORGET I	BO wasu(reru) JQjA 		
1285	>L? Jdyo-6	S7-4-3	K4326
В 2-2-5	61 Cl 187	®2036 U5FD8
-tb -f-dri -r-	\	\	[/	KSd.1	nir ItJt
1	2	3	4	5	6
/r ICOMPOUNDSl
G [original meaning] forget
bokyakusuru forget
boon ingratitude
bonenkai year-end party ("forget the
year party")
kenbo forgetfulness, short memory
ffiaS bibo reminder
[KUN]
[wasureru	forget; leave behind
miwasureru forget, not recognize
wasuremono something left
(behind), lost item
wasureppoi forgetful, have a
bad memory
1286
H2-2-5
► GO SMOOTHLY
KO KYO [Ц toru akira губ michi
yuki
I->	Names	S7-2-5	K2192
8	D1891	@2037	U4EA8
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with enjoy =>1296
1287
В2-2-5
► PUNGENT
► HARD
SHIN kara(i) Ц] kara
$	Joyo	S7-7-0	K3141
160	D1637	@2038	U8F9B
ICOMPOUNDSl
О PUNGENT, hot, spicy
shinratsuna bitter, pungent, acrid,
poignant, severe
koshinryo spices, seasoning
© (difficult to bear) hard, trying, bitter, painful,
toilsome
^1? shinku hardships, trials; labor, trouble
shinsan hardships, privations
shinbd patience, endurance, forbear-
ance
shinro toil, trouble
[KUN]
[karai
O0 PUNGENT, hot
© salty, briny, saline
G dry (wine)
a	karai aji pungent taste
karashi mustard
“F togarashi red pepper
shiokarai salty
c □ 0 karakuchi no salty; hot; dry (sake)
0 strict, severe
ten да karai be severe in marking
1Й£П$ H sechigarai hard to live, exigent
[HOMOPHONES]
karai =>@1885
E=> incorrect stroke-count
=>see H 2-2-6: at 1296
H2-2-5
► CONTAIN
GAN fuku(mu) fuku(meru)
1288	□	Joyo	S7-3-4	K2062
H2-2-5	30	A0480	@2041	U542B
p	|7чр				
			—7' —7	
	1	 2	3	I	4	5	6	7	
G (have as a part) contain, include, comprise
gan'yusuru contain, have, hold
а'ХККЖ gansui-tanso carbohydrate
hogan suru include, encompass,
cover; imply
1285-1288
470
[KUN]
[fukumu iir contain/ include, comprise;
hold [keep] in one's mouth
fukumareru be included
[comprised] in
fukumaseru soak (in water), satu-
rate
fukumiwarai suppressed laugh
[smile]
[fukumeru Is’<5 ] include
.IS ...ofukumete including,inclu-
sive of
1289
H2-2-5
► REMAINING
► EXCESS
YO ama(ru) ama(ri) ama(su)
Joyd-5	S7-2-5	K4530
B0652	®2042	U4F59
ICOMPOUNDSl
2-5 В
Ikun]
[amaru <6 ] remain over, be in excess, be
more than enough
S V Ъ omoiamaru be at a loss
ariamatte iru be in excess
amattakane surplus money
[amari ^0]	/к
О remainder, residual; surplus, excess
^00 amarino remaining, residual; exces- .
sive, too much	"T
0 [colloquially also anmari] EXCESSively, too, too
much; (not) very, (not) much
ty l£( t>) amari ni (mo) too, excessively
amariomoshirokunai
not very interesting	„
0 tz. Sore wa anmari da That's too
much
[amasu ] leave over, let remain
^*3“ moteamasu do not know what to
do with, find unmanageable
amasu tokoro naku exhaus-
tively, thoroughly
O0 remaining, lingering, secondary
0 after
a yochi room, space, margin
yoka leisure, spare time
yosei one's remaining years
yoha secondary effect, aftereffect
aft yoin lingering tone, resonance, rever-
beration; aftertaste, impregnated ele-
gance
b yoshin aftershock
00 excess, surplus, remainder, overplus
0 [suffix] in excess of, over, more than
a yojo surplus, remainder, residue
уоуй surplus, margin, room; composure
yobun excess, extra, surplus
yokeina excess, surplus; needless
yohodo very, greatly, highly, considera-
bly; by far
zan'yo remainder, residue, remnant
b sen'en'yo over 1000 yen
0 other, another, additional
yoso another place, strange parts
yoginai unavoidable, inevitable
yodan digression
1290	► VALLEY KOKU tani Ц] ya yatsu hazama			
	&	Jdyd-2	S7-7-0	K3511
В2-2-5	150	A0407	®2043	U8C37
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] valley, gorge, ravine
keikoku ravine, valley, canyon
kydkoku gorge, ravine, canyon, valley
уйкоки deep ravine, secluded valley
[KUN]
[tani valley, ravine, gorge
ЛI tanigawa valley stream, mountain
stream
tanimizu valley water, rill
tanisoko bottom of a ravine, valley bot-
tom
^[У] tanima valley, gorge
471
1289-1290
В 2-5
2~
В2-2-5
1291
Н2-2-5
► YOUNGER BROTHER
TEI DAI DE ototo [£] oto
	Joyo-2	S7-3-4	K3679
57	C1115	®2044	U5F1F
4 ,	1	2	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSI
О YOUNGER BROTHER
teimai younger brothers and sisters
kyddai (=keitei) brother
Ж'И? gitei brother-in-law
gutei my foolish younger brother
0 (someone who follows a master) disciple, pupil,
apprentice
deshi disciple, pupil, apprentice
А deshiiri suru become a disci-
ple [pupil, apprentice]
P'l'B montei pupil, disciple
l®*B shitei master and pupil
[KUN]
[ototo YOUNGER BROTHER
1292
В2-2-5
► OVERCOME
KOKU ka(tsu)v ® yoshi masaru
JL	Joyo	S7-2-5	K2578
10	C1143	®2046	U514B
ICOMPOUNDSI
О overcome, conquer, win
ЗпЖ kokufuku conquest, subjugation
JnL EL kokki self-denial, self-control
sokokusuru struggle with each
other, conflict
TjnL-t gekokujo the lower dominating the
upper
0 be able to do something well
kokumei scrupulousness, diligence
IHOMOPHONES]
katsu win =^0686
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-3-5: Tat 1412
► ANGLE
► HORN
KAKU kado tsuno (U sumi
1293	ft	Joyo-2	S7-7-0	K1949
H2-2-5	148	B0737	®2047	U89D2
;	S’?	Г	Л	Л	я	я
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
ОФ [also suffix] ANGLE
© [prefix] phys angular
аЙЙ kakudo angle, angular measure, degree
^>ft&9Z£ takakutekina multilateral, many-
sided, diversified
zsft sankaku triangle
®ft chokkaku right angle
Aft hogaku direction
b ftA®( kakubunsan angular dispersion
00 corner, angle, edge
0 baseball corner
a A 0—ft ten no ikkaku corner of the sky,
point of heaven
JJfft sekkaku with much trouble; specially
b ftft naikaku inside corner; inner angle
0 [original meaning] horn, antler, antenna
ftfeft shokkaku feeler, antenna
0 [also prefix and suffix] square, squared
ft® kakubin square [shoulder] bottle
ft^/t kakuzai squared timber
ft MT kakuandon square paper lantern
STMT ft gosenchikaku 5cmsq.
[INDEPENDENT!
[kaku ft]square;angle
ft A W T) kaku nikiru cut into squares
[cubes]
XOOft futatsu no kaku two angles
[kun]
[kado ft ] corner, edge; angle
ftO'^f'S kadonoaru angular, angled
E^ft yotsukado street corner, intersection
ft kado о toru round off the corners
[tsuno ft ] horn, antler; tentacle, antenna
1291-1293
472
ЙО Й shika по tsuno antler
Я её tsunobue bugle, horn
1294
И2-2-5
► RARE
► ASPIRE
KI mareA Ц] nozomi
	Jdyd-4	S7-3-4	K2085
50	B0900	®2049	U5E0C
О (not frequent) rare, uncommon, unusual,
scarce
kigenso rare element
kishona scarce, rare
ЙГkoki three score and ten, seventy years
of age
0 (thin in density) rare, rarefied, dilute, thin
kihaku na dilute, thin, rare, sparse
kishaku dilution
0 aspire, hope, desire, long for
kibo hope, wish, aspiration
Ъ kikyu suru aspire to, seek, demand
[kun]
[mare
marena SZi rare, uncommon, scarce,
unique
IHOMQPHONESI
mare RARE =>0805
1295
H 2-2-6
► RAISE
IKU soda(tsu) soda(chi)
soda(teru) Ц] yasu naru
я	Jdyd-3	S8-4-4	KI 673
130	A0345	©2050	U80B2
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (care for the growth of children, animals or plants)
raise, bring up, rear, breed, cultivate
WJ^c'Tikuseisuru bring up, rear
Wikuji infant rearing, nursing of children
W® ikushu plant breeding
hoiku nurture, upbringing; lactation,
2-6 В
nursing
UW ydiku fostering, bringing up, education
Йй] W"J"<5 shiiku suru raise animals, breed,
rear
0 [original meaning] grow, grow up, be brought
up
H W'f"-6 hatsuiku suru grow, develop
fz£W'3~seiikusuru grow (up), be brought
up	-p
© educate, teach, train	R
W3? ikuei education ofthe gifted or promis-
ing	Д
SW kybiku education, teaching
{$W taiiku physical training [education]
[KUN]
[sodatsu WO ] be brought up, grow up;
grow, be bred
W^>J©aS<b sodachisugiru be overgrown
[sodachi W^J
О breeding, upbringing
И sodachi да yoi be well-bred
0 [suffix] RAISEd in
W^W^) kobesodachi raised in Kobe
[sodateru WX<5] bring up, rear, raise;
breed, cultivate
WX±(fi) sodateageru bring up, rear,
educate
WT©8 sodate no oya foster parent
1296
H 2-2-6
► ENJOY
KYO [£] toru taka akira michi yuki
Joyo	S8-2-6	K2193
D1894	®2051	U4EAB
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
© (benefit from something given) enjoy, receive,
be given, possess
kyojusuru enjoy, receive, be given
kydyusuru enjoy, possess, partici-
pate in
ЖВЙ kydraku enjoyment
kyonen age at death
473
1294-1296
В 2-6
2 [note]
★do not confuse with Ж go smoothly =>1286
,	r *	► CAPITAL r~1	► TOKYO Z4 xj \	► KYOTO 1297 kyo kei kina	miyako atsu
+ H 2-2-6	J°yo-2	S8-2-6	K2194
8 | A0076	02052 U4EAC
a I	’	ЖЖЖЖ	Ж1Ж1Ж1
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
S' ICOMPOUNDSl * О capital, metropolis Ж kyoto Kyoto ЖЖ tokyo Tokyo	
pekin Beijing, Peking
0 TOKYO
Ж8£ keihin Tokyo and Yokohama
Ъ jokyo suru go to Tokyo
'ЖЖЖ<5 kikydsuru return to Tokyo
ЖТ%> taikyo suru stay in Tokyo [the capi-
tai]
ЙЕЖ Ф zaikyochQ during one's stay in Tokyo
0 KYOTO
ЖЖ kydonna Kyoto woman
ЖЛЯ£ kyoningyo Kyoto doll
keihanshin Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe
ЖЖ kyodai University of Kyoto
		► BLIND MO			
	298	§ 109	Joyo	S8-5-3	K4453
H2-2-6			D1850	©2053	U76F2
ICOMPOUNDSl
OG [original meaning] blind, blindness
0 [also prefix] blind person
G (closed at one end) blind
a WA mojin blind person
WEI momoku blindness
W/гХ moten blind spot; scotoma
feW shikimd colorblindness
b WOIAk mdddken guide dog, Seeing Eye dog
W^tS mogakkd school for the blind
c W1 mocho cecum, appendix
0 (not based on reason) blind, reckless, aimless
Wfif moju blind obedience
W#J modo acting blindly
Wfe mdshin blind belief
W® moso wild idea [fancy], paranoiac delusion
WSS mobaku blind [unscrupulous] bombing
SEI SAP Ц] hitoshi hisashi itsuki
1299 H2-2-6	210	Joyo	S8-8-0	K3238
		C1188	©2054	U6589
1	—1—					
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О uniform, equal, even, symmetrical
kinsei symmetry
О in unison, simultaneously
seishosuru sing in unison
issei ni all together, all at once, simul-
taneously
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with W OBSERVE RELIGIOUS absti-
nence =>1340
1300
H2-2-6
► GRADUATE
SOTSU
Jdyd-4	S8-2-6	K3420
B0877	©2055	U5352
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
OG graduate, complete one's studies
0 [also suffix] graduate student, graduate
а sotsugyo graduation
sotsuron graduation thesis, dissertation
b ЖЖ gakusotsu (university or school) gradu-
ate
ФЖ chusotsu junior high graduate
ЖЖЖ tddaisotsu graduate from Tokyo
University
1297-1300
474
0 [original meaning] private, common soldier;
pawn (in Chinese chess)
heisotsu private, common soldier
1301
П2-2-6
► NIGHT
YA yo yoru
37	Joyo-2	$8-3-5	K4475
36	B0587	02056	U591C
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] night, evening
ЙМ yakan night, nighttime
yabun nighttime, night, evening
yahan midnight
yagaku evening class, night school
ЙД yagu bedclothes, bedding; quilt
ЖЙС chuya day and night
kon'ya tonight, this evening
tetsuya all night vigil [sitting]
ЗЖ shin'ya dead of night, midnight
ЙЙ zen'ya previous night; eve
[KUN]
[yo S] NIGHT, evening
ЙФ yonaka midnight, dead of night
ЙсВДМ* yoake dawn,daybreak
FciS yozora night sky
ЙС ЛЕ W" yofuke late at night; in the dead of
night
Л Й tsukiyo moonlit night
[yoru night, evening
yoruhiru day and night
1302
H2-2-6
► METAL
► GOLD
► MONEY
KIN KON капе капа- -gane
	Joyo-1	S8-8-0	K2266
167	A0053	02057	U91D1
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
IcompoundsI
О [original meaning] metal
2-6 В
--------------------------------------------- 2
kinzoku metal
o'gokin alloy, compound metal
sfe yakin metallurgy
Й^ hakkin platinum, platina
0 [also prefix] gold
zfejf kinka gold coin
kinko gold ore; gold mine
TfePvfgt kindokei gold watch
junkin pure gold, solid gold	“P
ogon gold; money	H
О GOLDen, yellow
kin'iro (=konjiki) golden color
kinpatsu blonde, golden hair
0 money, cash, coin
kingaku amount of money, sum
sferaJ kin'yu circulation of money, money
market, finance
^^lj kinri interest (on money); rate of interest
genkin cash
yokin deposit, bank account
shikin funds, capital
rydkin charge, rate, fee, fare
taishokukin retirement allowance
[pay]
© Friday
^И1( 0) kin'yo(bi) Friday
Л sfe getsukin (=gekkin) Mondays and Fri-
days
[INDEPENDENT!
[kin	gold; sum of money; Friday
kinnoyubiwa gold ring
kinsen'en one thousand yen
[KUN]
[капе з£] money, cash, coin; metal, iron
okane money
kanemochi wealthy [rich] person
kanekashi moneylender, moneylend-
ing
kanemoke making money
fA d капе о harau pay money
W & arigane money on hand, ready cash
kanenoko hacksaw
[капа- <t>-J metal
kanamono hardware
kanaami wire netting, screen
kanagu metal fittings or fixtures
475
1301-1302
В 2-6
2----------------------------------------
kanazuchi hammer
[-gane -sfe] something made of metal
r-^	31 sfe hikigane trigger
_i—*.	□ kuchigane metal clasp, snap; metal cap
harigane wire
Й vfe shirogane silver; silver coin
|HOMOPHONES]
।. shirogane
* SILVER =>®1722
н Й^ =>2175,1302
1303
H2-2-6
► ORDER
► LIFE
MEI MYO inochi Ц] makoto nobu
□	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K4431
30	A0489	©2058	U547D
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] order, command, instruc-
tion
fih’Ti’ meirei command,orders;edict,decree
shimei mission, appointed task
chokumei Imperial order [command]
© LIFE
Ф'пгЭ' seimei life
IZ isshokenmei ni for life, with all
one's might
jumyo life span
ЛФ chdmei long life
Al^ jinmei (human) life
ЙФ bomei exile
chimeisho fatal wound
© fate, god's will, destiny, luck
meiun one's fate [doom]
Ж kakumei revolution
зЖ'ЙТ unmei fate, fortune, destiny
shukumei fate, destiny
honmei probable [prospective] winner,
most likely candidate
00 assign a name [title], name
0 appoint to a post
а meichd hit, on-target impact
meimei naming, christening
ninmeisuru appoint, nominate
[INDEPENDENT!
[meizuru (=meijiru)	C<5)]
order, command; appoint, nominate
[kun]
[inochi tffr] LIFE
ФЙПФС inochigakede at the risk of one's
life
0 0 inochitorino fatal, deadly
1304
H2-2-6
► THOUGHTS
NEN
	Jdyd-4 S8-4-4 K3916
61	A0439 ©2059 U5FF5
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 thoughts, inner thoughts, mind, idea,
conception
© thought of doing something, intention,
desire, wish
a	< nento ni oku give thought to,
bear in mind
kannen idea, conception, notion
gainen general idea, concept
zannen regret, disappointment, chagrin
fg shinnen belief, faith
Ъ kenen suru be anxious, feel con-
cern, fear
1$Г^ФЪ dannen suru give up (an idea),
abandon, relinquish
sennen suru give undivided atten-
tion to, concentrate (on), devote oneself
to
315^ janen vicious mind, evil thoughts
b nengan one's heart's desire, one's
heartiest wish
shunen tenacity of purpose, vindictive-
ness, spite
ichinen wholehearted wish, determined
soul
© attention, care, precaution
л^А nen’irina careful, elaborate
A^Z пуйпеп ni carefully, scrupulously
tannen application, assiduity, diligence
© keep one's thoughts on, bear in mind,
1303-1304
476
remember
kinen commemoration, memory
shitsunen lapse of memory, oblivion
it	incorrect classification =>see ПЗ-1-7:1—at 1862	2-6 В 2
B2-2-6		F—4
1305	Л	Joyo-5	S8-2-6	К2843
H2-2-6	9Д	0222	©2060	U820E
у УкУ			i пи i	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О building, house, quarter, hut
Ж ft ekisha station building
tSft kosha school building
ft ft chosha government building
Sift keisha henhouse
0 temporary quarters, dormitory, lodging
house, inn
ft Im shakan dormitory inspector
[superintendent]
heisha barracks
Wft shukusha lodgings, quarters
ilrft kyakusha hotel, inn
WWft kishukusha dormitory, boarding
house; hostel
[SPECIAL READINGS]
B0ft inaka country, rural district
H*	► TABLE |==|	► PROMINENT ‘ 1 *	TAKU Ц] suguru taka takashi - q/\-7	masaru tsuna			
В 2-2-6	+	Joyo	S8-2-6	K3478
24	C1352	@2064	U5353
|	'	|		i й		
12	3	4 ICOMPOUNDSl	5	6	7	8
О table, desk
Ж ft takkyu table tennis, ping-pong
takujo-denwa desk phone
ft Ж shokutaku dining table
Р0-Ж entaku round table
ШЖ dentaku pocket calculator
0 [original meaning] prominent, eminent,
outstanding, unexcelled, superior
ЖЙ takken farsightedness, penetration, ex-
cellent views
Ж® takuetsu excellence, superiority
Ж8Й takusetsu excellent opinion
ЖЙ.'Т'Ь takuritsu suru be prominent,
stand out
takubatsu prominence, excellence, su-
periority
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-5: at 1436
H2-2-6
► YAO
GYO |£] taka takashi aki akira
1306
H2-2-6
±	Names	S8-3-5	К2238
32	D2196	©2063	U5C2D
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 name of a legendary sage king in ancient China:
YAO
gyoshun Yaoand Shun (two of the most
celebrated kings in ancient China)
1308
H2-2-6
► PARTICIPATE
► VISIT A HOLY PLACE
SAN SHINa mai(ru) U mi
A	Jdyd-4	S8-2-6	K2718
28	A0269	©2066	U53C2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О participate, take part in, join in
sankasuru participate, join, take
part in
sanbo staff officer, the staff; adviser,
counselor
^Ж sanji councilor, secretary
sangiin House of Councilors, Upper
477
1305-1308
В 2-6
2------------------------------------------------
House
sansen participation in a war
r	san'yo participation (in public affairs);
counselor, consultant
0 VISIT a HOLY PLACE (as a temple, shrine or
уч the Imperial Palace), make a pilgrimage;
visit (a superior) in order to pay one's re-
spects
-p sanpai worship, visit to a shrine
[temple]
#Ihx sankei visit to a temple [shrine], wor-
Д	ship, pilgrimage
Ъ sanjd suru go to see, call on, pay
one's respects
sandai attendance at the Imperial Court
bosan visit to a grave
nissan daily visit (of worship); frequent
visit
О go somewhere, go (to), come
sankan visit, inspection
tMU’T<5 sanshusuru gather, meet, con-
gregate
Ъ jisan suru bring [take] with one,
carry
kosan senior, old-timer, veteran; senior-
ity
Sf shinzan newcomer, greenhorn
0 refer, consult, collate
sanko reference, consultation
Hr sankosho reference book [work]
Й^Я$ sansho reference, comparison
0 be stumped, be beaten
-b kosan suru surrender, submit,
yield
0 unclassified compounds
A# ninjin carrot
[KUN]
[maim #-6]
O0 [humble] go, come
0 [humble verb following the TE-form of other
verbs] go and do, perform an action and
return to the point of departure
a	Ima mairimasu I'm coming
Ь'МЗ; Й? 0	Sochira e wa
mairimasen I won't go there
b	Ю Totte mairimasu I'll fetch
it
Ж Ч? huV^- £ [y j; Kuruma о
yonde mairimashd ka Shall I send for a
cab?
0 visit A holy place (as a temple, shrine or
grave), make a pilgrimage
omairi worshipping at a shrine; visit-
ing a temple
^РЙ^ 0 teramairi visit to a temple
oreimairi visiting a shrine or tem-
ple to offer thanks; calling on a person to
settle old scores
1309
В 2-2-6
► EXEMPT
MEN manuka(reru) manuga(reru)
JL	Joyo	S8-2-6	K4440
10	C1081	02067	U514D
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
00 exempt from, free from, release, excuse,
forgive
© be EXEMPTed, be immune
а menjo exemption, exoneration, dis-
missal
menzei tax exemption
shamen pardon, amnesty, clemency
gomen (your) pardon; decline, refusal-
permission
И Gomennasai I'm sorry/Excuse
me
Gomen kudasai Excuse
me/Pardon me
b men'eki immunity (from a disease)
00 license, permit, grant a request
© abbrev. of menkyo: license
a	menkyo license, permit
menjo license, diploma
b	tokumen special exemption; special
license
[kun]
[manukareru, manugareru ^itl&Jbe
EXEMPTed from, be released from; escape, be
saved from, avoid
shoshitsu о manukareru be
saved from the fire
1309
478
1310
Н2-2-7
► SORROW
► PITY
Al awa(re) awa(remu)
□	Joyo	S9-3-6	K1605
30	D1795	®2068	U54C0
00 sorrow, grief, sadness, pathos
0 SORROWful, sad, pathetic
a К ft aikan joys and sorrows
kidoairaku joy and anger; emo-
tion
b hiai sorrow, sadness
ЖЙ* aikan pathos
aishu sadness, sorrow, pensiveness
Ж1Й aiwa sad story, tragic tale
aisetsuna pathetic, plaintive
00 pity, sympathy
0 feel pity for, pity
airen pity, compassion, affection
b	kawaisdna poor, pitiable, pa-
thetic
[KUN]
[aware Ktl] pity, sympathy; pathos
aware na pitiable; miserable
[awaremu	pity, sympathize, feel
compassion
awaremi pity, compassion
IHOMQPHONESI
awaremu 'Йх =>®731
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж inner heart =>1643
^5	► CHANGE ► ABNORMAL HEN ka(waru) ka(wari) ka(eru)			
1311	X	Joyd-4	S9-3-6	K4249
И2-2-7	34л	A0232	®2069	U5909
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] change, alter, trans-
2-7 В
------------------------------------------------2
form, vary, shift
0 change, variation, mutation
a henka change, transformation, variety;
declension	,
henshitsu change in quality, degenera-
tion
henko alteration, change, modification
^9] hendo change, fluctuation
Ж henkei transformation
hendensho transformer substation
henkaku change, reform, revolution
henbo transfiguration, metamorphosis -j-*
b Ъ ippen suru change completely
gekihen sudden change, upheaval
0 abnormal, extraordinary, unusual, irregu- Д
lar, eccentric, odd
hensokuno irregular, abnormal
hentaiseiyoku abnormal sexuality, V
perversion
henjin eccentric person, crank
henge goblin, ghost
© extraordinary event:
0 unexpected event [incident], extraordi-
nary phenomenon, accident, disaster,
emergency
0 uprising, upheaval, disturbance
а 2£Ж henji accident, emergency
henshi accidental [unnatural] death
ДЖ ihen accident, extraordinary event
tenpenchii extraordinary natural
phenomenon
taihenna awful,terrible;serious,
grave
b ЖЗс jihen incident, upheaval; accident
seihen coup d'etat
[INDEPENDENT!
[hen uprising, disturbance, incident
jokyunohen Jokyu Uprising
[hen na strange, extraordinary, odd,
weird, eccentric, funny-looking
henna gaijin weird foreigner
[kun]
[kawaru
О change, undergo change, be altered, be
transformed
0 @ kawarime turning point
0 ЗсЪ'б utsurikawaru change, shift
479
1310-1311
В 2-7
n -----------------------------------------------
umarekawaru be born again;
start one's life afresh
Zt Tenki да kawatta The
weather changed
aikawarazu as usual, as before
A 0 be different, differ; be extraordinary, be odd
0 kawarimono eccentric person,
/к	queer fish
.,	Zt kawatta different; unusual, ex-
traordinary, odd
[kawari
T ® CHANGE
н ty M’ <4 kawarinaku without change,
uniformly; peacefully, well
Д 0 difference
V ЙЙН Dotchi demo
kawari wa nai Whichever you choose, it
makes no difference
©eccentricity
Ж^ЪО fugawari eccentricity, extraordi-
nariness
[kaeru ^A<5]
0 change, alter, convert, transform, turn into
© change to a different time or place
0 reform, revise, amend
a §£A kae change, changing
<h	Л Ъ katachi to iro о kaeru
change the shape and color of
Ф	A <5 namari о kin ni kaeru
convert lead into gold
SLS £A Ъ kanten о kaeru change one's
point of view
b	A-Ь yoteiokaeru change the
schedule
fiet A <5 ichi о kaeru change the posi-
tion of
с йёШ'^^А'Б horitsuоkaeru revise
[amend] the law
IHOMOPHONESI
kawaru
ft substitute =^>0018
ft EXCHANGE ^>0429
# REPLACE =>1780
kawari
ft substitute =>0018
ft EXCHANGE =>0429
# REPLACE =>1780
kaeru
ft SUBSTITUTE =>0018
ft EXCHANGE =>0429
# REPLACE =>1780
kae
ft SUBSTITUTE =>0018
ft EXCHANGE =>0429
® REPLACE =>1780
1312
55 2-2-7
► SOUND
ON -NON IN oto ne
	Joyo-1	S9-9-0	K1827
180	A0461	©2070	U97F3
1	2
IcompoundsI
О [also suffix]
0 (vibratory disturbance) sound, noise, roar
© (auditory sensation) sound
0 [original meaning] speech sound, voice,
pronunciation
о	on куб sound
й в1 soon noise
rokuon sound recording
b is Ж onshitsu sound [tone] quality
h"onsei voice, sound
c is St Ira on'inron phonology
is ЙЙ onsetsu syllable
56# hatsuon pronunciation
Ж# eion English pronunciation
Hl shiin (=shion) consonant ("child sound")
Ш r1 boin vowel ("mother sound")
S Ais gojuon Japanese syllabary
haretsuon plosive, stop
0 sound of music, music, note, tune, melody
is ongaku music
is Й1 onchi tone deafness
is Ж onpu note; phonetic element of kanji
teion low-pitched sound, bass
i'WOIa fukyowaon discord, dissonance
© Chinese-derived pronunciation of kanji, on
reading
is Д on'yomi Chinese-derived pronuncia-
tion of kanji, on reading
вг8Л1 onkun on and kun readings
Ж# kan’on Han reading of Chinese char-
acters
1312
480
[INDEPENDENT!
[on la ] SOUND; speech sound; on reading
SOh1 esunoon s sound
is on deyomu read kanji in the on
reading
[KUN]
[oto в1] sound, noise, roar
otoodasu produce a sound
Sis ashioto sound of footsteps
ЙЙеГ monooto noise, sound
naminooto roar of waves
[ne eF] sound, note, tone
lafe neiro tone, quality of a sound
К капе no ne toll of a bell, chimes
Ф eF honne one's real intentions
1313
H2-2-7
► LUCID
RYO HJ akira aki makoto suke
toru yoshi
Names	S9-2-7	K4628
D1732	<8>2071	U4EAE
ICOMPOUNDSl
© show lucid understanding
rydsatsusuru consider, take into
account, sympathize with
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж INN =>1314
Ж	► INN ► PSEUDONYM SUFFIX TEI			
1314		Joyo	S9-2-7	K3666
B2-2-7	8	C1574	®2072	U4EAD
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 inn, hostelry
© suffix after names of inns
a Ж Hi teishu husband; master, host
ИсЖ ryotei inn, hotel
b JEi'f sekitei The Sekitei (name of an inn)
©0 restaurant, Japanese restaurant
© suffix after names of quality restaurants
2-7 В
a Sf-4^ ryotei high-class restaurant, Japanese
restaurant
b *7 Л Ж yuzukitei The Yuzukitei (name of a
Japanese restaurant)
© suffix for forming pseudonyms or stage
names
—ЖЖ futabatei Futabatei (name of a
writer)	/ к
san'yutei enka Enka Sanyutei 4,
(name of a comic story teller)
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with й lucid =>1313	-f-
	► EMPEROR TEI		A 	—		
					
1315	Ф	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3675	
В 2-2-7	50	C1265	@2073	U5E1D	V
0 emperor, empress
© imperial
a 'SrEE te/o monarch, emperor
H'S kotei emperor
jotei empress, queen
H'S? rotei Czar, Russian emperor
b teikoku empire, imperial
teisei imperial government
'Sr®1] teigeki The Imperial Theater
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-6-3:7* at 2072
H2-2-7
1316
Я2-2-7
► EAT
► FOOD
SHOKU JIKI ku(u) ku(rau) ta(beru)
A	Jdyd-2	S9-9-0	K3109
184	A0377	@2075	U98DF
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] eat
shokuji meal, dinner, board
481
1313-1316
В 2-7
ft$( shokuyoku appetite (for food)
ft Ж shokutaku dining table
ft^ shokudd dining hall [room]; restaurant
®Cft inshoku eating and drinking
ftft shinshoku eating and sleeping
®fft danjiki fasting
Sft’^'b sanshokusuru encroach on, make
an inroad into
^ftft^^ saishokushugisha vegetarian
; 0 [also prefix and suffix] food, dish
ft® shokuryd provisions, food, foodstuffs
ft^PS shokuchudoku food poisoning
H ft/^> shokupan plain bread
ftfe shokumotsu food, provisions
A	ft ft shushoku staple food
Йft washoku Japanese-style food
^xft kojiki beggar
ft"	St®]ft ryuddshoku liquid food [diet]
/r © meal
ft^ft shokugoni after meals
®lft choshoku breakfast
ft и ft kyiishoku (provision of) meals
0 [also suffix] eclipse, occultation
H ft nisshoku solar eclipse
•jifSEft kaikishoku total solar [lunar] eclipse
ft St ft kinkanshoku annular eclipse
[independent!
[shoku ft] EATing; appetite; food
ft Ют'Е) shoku о tatsu fast
ft^iSti shoku ga susumu have a good
appetite
[KUN]
[kuu &o]colloq
O0 eat, have a meal
© live on, subsist on, feed on
a ftV^^J kuimono food; victim
ft HjS о kuichigau cross; be in discord
(with)
® ft ft Z) meshi о кии have a meal
b ftV^In^-Ь kuitsumeru go broke
BR Tft О Tff < hon'yaku de kutte iku
live on translation
ft Hit <£><5 kuitomeru check, hold back
[kurau ft в О ] vulgar eat, drink
^kft И ogurai glutton
[taberu ft^&J eat, have a meal; live on,
subsist on, feed on
ft^i©^ tabesugi overeating
ft^fe tabemono food
ft^ttPCD tabegorono good for eating,
ripe enough for eating
IHOMQPHONESI
kuu =>®552
kurau lftx =>®552
► TRAY
► BON FESTIVAL
BON
1317
H2-2-7
ЛП.	Joyo	S9-5-4	K4363
108	D1658	@2079	U76C6
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 TRAY, dish
© [original meaning] basin, pot
a chabon tea tray
MftjfSr kashibon cake tray [dish]
b jSl®, bonsai bonsai (potted dwarf tree)
bonchi basin, valley
0 BON festival, Feast of Lanterns (Japanese
festival held in July)
D bonmatsuri Bon Festival
1&Й1 Ю bon'odori Bon Festival dance
1ЕШ kyubon Bon Festival by the lunar calen-
dar
HNDEPENDENTl
[bon ^] tray; Bon Festival
obon Bon Festival
iltj W«•
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-6:at 1451
В2-2-7
0 hold on to (in one’s mouth), not let go
ftftft^ft) kuisagaru hang on (to one’s
opponent); persist
ft kuikomu eat (one’s way) into, en-
croach; cause a deficit
1317
482
2-7 В
1318
И2-2-7
► ARMY
GUN Ц] susumu
♦	Jdyd-4	S9-7-2	K2319
159	A0285	02080	U8ECD
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also prefix and suffix] army, the military,
armed forces, troops
© military
a ЖВ guntai army, troops
ЖЛ gunjin soldier, military man
ЖЖЙ gunjiryoku military force
ЖЙЕ gunshuku reduction of armaments
ЖпЕ> gunbu military authorities, the military
Ж^^ guntdkyoku military authorities
^Ж кйдип airforce
ЙЖ tekigun hostile army force, enemy
troops
b ЖЭЖЙ gunkokushugi militarism
0 [also suffix] team
ЕЛЖ kyojingun Giants (Japanese baseball
team)
—Ж ichigun major league team
^СЙЖ joseigun women's team
IlNDEPENDENTl
[gun Ж] ARMY, troops
Ж^ЙФ$^<Ь gun о chuton saseru post
military forces in
1319
Я2-2-7
► CROWN
KAN kanmuri [£] kamuri
	Joyo	S9-2-7	K2007
14	C1571	©2081	U51A0
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] crown, coronet; cap,
headgear
© wear a crown as a symbol of coming of age
a EEh! okan crown, diadem, cap
1®хйз£ taikanshiki coronation (ceremony)
b	kankonsosai ceremonial occa-
sions (coming of age, marriage, funeral
and ancestral worship)
kanja young man (come of age)
[KUN]
[kanmuri S J crown, coronet, diadem
Й & {'t kanmuri о tsukeru put on a
crown
яЗ ±E $ Ж Rika ni kanmuri о
tadasazu Refrain from doing anything
that may incur suspicion
► SOUTH
NAN NA minami Ц] nami mina
1320
H2-2-7
+	Joyo-2	S9-2-7	K3878
24	A0404	©2082	U5357
—	I	Ж	Ж;Ж	ж	ж	ж	ж
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
© SOUTH, southern
Ж4Ь nanboku north and south
ЖЙ nansei southwest
Ж Ж nankai southern sea; South Seas
ЖШ nankyoku South Pole
ЖТ’^'Ь папка suru go down south
ЖвёА nanbanjin early Europeans (in Ja-
pan); southern barbarians
Ж Ж nanto southeast
ЖЙК nanbu south(ern) part; South
Ж Ж tdnan southeast
[KUN]
[minami Ж J [also prefix] south
Й7/ U A minamiamerika South America
Ж Ж minamikaze south wind
Ж □ minamiguchi south exit
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ЖЖХА kabocha pumpkin
► CHASTE
TEI [£] sada tada tadashi
1321
Я2-2-7
я	Joyo	S9-7-2	К3671
154	С1208	©2083	U8C9E
483
1318-1321
В 2-7
2 ’ | ’'|ГЖ1^|^)й|Я111
123456789
—, ICOMPOUNDSI
0 chaste, faithful
Ж^С teijo chaste woman, faithful wife
ЖШ teisd chastity, virginity
/к ЖЙП teisetsu chastity, virtue;constancy,prin-
ciple
Ж Ж teishuku chastity, female virtue
* ЖЖ& teiketsuna chaste and pure
I,	^Ж^ futeina unchaste
ЖЖ dotei male virgin, virginity
V 1322
H 2-2-7
► POINT
TEN
	Joyo-2	S9-4-5	K3732
86л	A0152	02084	U70B9
4.....•..I.ггьГ^^
:	j ; j i	; /	; / »	: / I); / » yy
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
00 (small spot) point, dot, spot
0 math point
а Ж£Е’3~‘Ь tenzaisuru be dotted [studded]
with
ЖШ tensen dotted [perforated] line
b 35Ж koten intersecting point
0 (any dotlike mark or symbol) point, decimal
point, dot, period
Ж^Ь tenji Braille
<ЬЙ^Ж shosuten decimal point
/дЛ%Ж kutdten punctuation marks
© [also suffix]
0 (definite place) point
0 (definite position) point
а ЙЖ chiten spot, point, place
ЖЖ shoten focus, focal point;
(photographic) focus
ЙЖ kyoten strongpoint, base
&5Ж shuten last stop, terminus
Ж^Ж shuppatsuten starting point
b Й&Ж fatten boiling point
^ЕЖ shiten dead point
МЖ gyokoten freezing point
0 [also suffix] (unit of scoring) point, mark
Ж^ tensu points, score
?#Ж tokuten the marks obtained, the points
made, score
И Ж doten tie, draw
ЙсЖ saiten marking, grading, rating
0 [also suffix] (specific matter) point, detail,
particular
ЖЖ juten important point; importance, em-
phasis, stress; priority
^Ж ketten weak point, defect
ФЖ sdten pointof contention, issue
Р^ИЖ mondaiten controversial point
0 counter for various articles
НЖ’Ьу b santensetto set of three pieces
(of furniture)
О kindle, light, ignite
ЖЙТ-5 tenmetsu suru (of light) go [come]
on and off; turn [switch] on and off
[INDEPENDENT!
[ten Д]
00 (small spot) point, dot, spot
© math point
абЖ<Ь^Ж ten to sen points and lines
00 (any dotlike mark or symbol) point, decimal
point, dot, period
0 dot (as opposed to a stroke) of Chinese
characters
оьЖ^ЬТ'Э ten о utsu mark with a dot [point]
0 (definite place) point
£'0Жд^х dono ten made to what extent
0 (unit of scoring) point, mark
ten да yoi have good marks
0 (specific matter) point, detail, particular
^11ОЖ mondainoten point in dispute
“€"0Ж sono ten ni oite on that point,
in that respect
1323
В 2-2-7
► REMISS
TAI okota(ru) nama(keru)
-L'	Joyo	S9-4-5	K3453
61	D1740	02085	U6020
1322-1323
484
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (inclined to idleness) remiss,
idle, lazy, sluggish
© (neglectful) remiss, negligent, careless
a	taidana lazy, idle
kentai fatigue, languor, weariness
b	taimanna negligent,inattentive,
remiss
[kun]
[okotaru -6 ] be remiss, neglect
ty okotari negligence, carelessness
[namakeru Й W'-S] be lazy, be idle; neglect
namakemono idle [lazy] fellow
benkyd о namakeru neglect
one's studies
f *	► FACE
MEN omo omote tsura
1324 ® Jdyd-3 S9-9-0 K4444
В 2-2-7 176 I A0226 | 02087 U9762
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (front of head) face,
countenance
0 (value in the eyes of others) face, dignity,
honor
a ®fll menso countenance, features, looks
ffiilL mentdshi identification parade
®jfcH menkui person who puts much store
by good looks (in choosing his [her]
lover)
®® menmen everyone, all
Ж® ganmen face
#fc® senmen washing one's face
"tSM shichimencho turkey
b ® @ menboku (=menmoku) face, honor,
prestige
®"f* mentsu face, honor
00 (front or significant surface) face, front
© (outer surface) fac^ surface, side
a St® hyomen surface, face, outside; appear-
ance
^® zenmen front, facade
2-7 В
ТЕВпЖЙ shomenshototsu head-on colli-
sion, front crash
®® gamen picture; television field; screen
₽P® inmen face of a seal
H® gakumen face value; denomination
Ш® shomen letter, document	уч
El® zumen drawing, plan, map, sketch
b ЙЁ® jimen surface, ground, land	S'
Я ® getsumen lunar surface
/^® shamen slope, slanting surface
© [also suffix] math face, surface, plane
®flt menseki area, square measure
0 0 (have the front toward) face, front on, look H
toward
0 meet face to face, confront in person
а	chokumen suru face, confront
S ® 0 tomen no present, immediate; ur-
gent, pressing	V
b ®:гх'7Г<15 menkaisuru see, have an inter-
view
®ёг mensetsu interview
®BX menba abusing someone to his [her]
face
®Bi£ menshiki acquaintance
®i$c mendan interview
©0 side, quarter, direction
0 [also suffix] (distinct aspect) side, aspect,
phase, plane
a ffl!|® sokumen side, flank
Ж® ryomen both sides
7;® homen direction, district; field, sphere
“^® ichimen one side; on the other hand;
whole surface
Й® hanmen the other side
^®&5 zenmenteki all-out, overall, general
b Я5® kyokumen situation, aspect of an affair;
position (in a chess game)
Ш® bamen scene; situation
gijutsumen technical side
ЖЖ® gunjimen military plane
© [also suffix] mask
{Й® kamen mask, disguise
1?^® bugakumen mask worn by a bugaku
dancer
О [also suffix] page (of a newspaper)
ffi® shimen space (on a printed page)
0 unclassified compounds
®@|Z£ mendona troublesome, worrisome;
485
1324
В 2-7
2 difficult
mendokusai troublesome, tire-
some, annoying
kumensuru contrive, manage,
make shift; raise (money)
/4 [INDEPENDENT!
. [men ®]
О FACE
® [nJо 77 men to mukatte face to face
*—> 0 mask
। 5ffix0® kitsunenomen mask of the fox
‘ © surface, face, side
H S'bWffi namerakanamen smooth sur-
A face
0 (distinct aspect) side, aspect, phase
zaiseino men the financial aspect
V [mensuru ®T<5] face, front on
И
[omo ®] [in compounds] (front of head) face
®Jk£ omokage face; traces
®jyF^> omomochi look, countenance, face
®ЙН omoshiroi interesting,amusing,
pleasant
[omote ® ] (front of head) face
ЙН® hosoomote slender face
[tsura ® ] colloq (front of head) face, surface;
[suffix] (facial expression) face, look
ЖЖХ® abatazura pockmarked face
{ДЖ® butchozura sulky look, sour face
® *9 ® yokottsura side face
^® jizura appearance ofwritten words, face
J11 ® kawazura (=kawamo) surface of a river
ISPECIAL READINGS]
<®SfcA majimena serious, sober, earnest,
steady
®ffiXA nikibi pimple, acne
IHOMOPHONESI
omote й EXPRESS =>1572
1325
H 2-2-7
► SOFT
JU NYO yawa(raka) yawa(rakai)
yawa(ra)v
	Joyo	S9-4-5	K2932
75	C1168	02088	U67D4
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (supple and yielding) soft,
tender, pliant
jiimo soft hair
junanna soft, pliable, flexible
© (of gentle disposition) soft, softhearted,
gentle, mild
jujunna obedient, gentle
nyuwa gentleness, mildness, tenderness,
meekness
©judo
judo judo
jujutsu jujitsu, jujutsu
[kun]
[yawaraka
yawarakana if<b^££
О soft, tender
yawarakami (touch of) softness
0 gentle, meek, mild
b/O^feM yawaraka na kaze gentle
breeze
4o=F^lb^NCl oteyawaraka ni gently,
mildly; Don't be hard on me!
[yawarakai ^IbZptb]
©soft, tender
yawarakai mofu soft blanket
© gentle, meek
4^)1^ О	b /0^ И monogoshi no yawarakai
gentle-mannered
IHOMOPHONESI
yawaraka SOFT =>0994
yawarakai jfc soft =>0994
► BRAVE
YU isa(mu) Ц] isa isami haya
toshi
1326
H2-2-7
	Jdyd-4	S9-2-7	K4506
19	C1306	®2089	U52C7
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] brave, courageous, bold,
1325-1326
486
valiant
© BRAVEry, courage, valor, heroism
а уйкаппа brave, courageous, daring,
heroic
МЖ yuki courage, valor, bravery, nerve
ft ft yusho brave general
ftfi уйтд daring, bravery, valor
ftzt yushi brave warrior
Жзй'Т'б yutaisuru retire voluntarily
ьЙД Ьиуй bravery, valor
ЖЖ goyu bravery, valor, daring
ЖЖ ban'yu brute courage, reckless valor
[KUN]
[isamu be encouraged, be in high
spirits
isamashii brave,courageous, bold,
valiant
1327
H2-2-7
► BEAR
► LOSE
FU ma(keru) ma(kasu) o(u)
Д	Joyd-3	S9-7-2	K4173
154	A0440	02091	U8CA0
123456789
[compounds!
О [original meaning] bear [carry] on the back
ft Ж fuka load, burden
00 bear (responsibility), take upon oneself,
sustain
© bear a debt, owe
a ftjfi futan burden, charge, responsibility
futakusuru charge (someone)
with responsibility
ft{Joft<5 fushosuru be injured [wounded],
get hurt
b ft Ж fusai debt, liabilities
© lose, be defeated
КЛ shobu victory or defeat; match, game
[KUN]
[makeru ft ^-6] lose (a game), be de-
feated [beaten]; yield to, be overcome; reduce
(the price)
ft ft make defeat, loss, losing (a game)
ftfttia 1/<7л makeoshimi unwillingness to
2-7 В
------------------------------------------2
admit oneself beaten
R ft ft -6 yuwaku ni makeru yield
[succumb] to temptation
ft R ft ft -b hyakuen makeru take off 100
yen
[makasu ft^Tl defeat, beat, vanquish,
outdo, outplay
aite о makasu defeat the
opponent	''
iimakasu talk (a person) down,
confute
[ou ft □ ] bear [carry] on the back; bear -p
(responsibility), take upon oneself
seou carry on one's back, shoulder,
bear	A
Bit ft ft H ukeoi contract (for work), con-
tracted work
------------------------------------------V
/>.	► URGENT
► HURRY
►SUDDEN	—1
«I ОЭО 1(70 iso(gu) iso(gi)
-L?	Jdyo-3	S9-4-5	K2162
61	A0375	@2092	U6025
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
О urgent, imminent, pressing
куйти urgent business, pressing need
Й1Й kyuhaku urgency, imminence
ЖД куйуб urgent business
kinkyuna urgent, pressing, emer-
gent
ЖлВА sakkyu (=$дкуй) na urgent, pressing
ft shikyu ni urgently, with all haste, at
once
©0 hurry, hasten
© rapid, fast, swift, speedy, express
а ЖдВ kyuzo hurried construction
kyuhasuru dispatch, expedite,
rush
Ж ft* куйко express train [bus]; going in a
hurry
b	kyusokuna rapid, swift, prompt
Ж ft 'У ft kyupitchi quick [fast] pace
ВЙЮ kyuseino acute
kyushinsuru advance rapidly,
487
1327-1328
В 2-8
Л
+
X
make rapid progress
Ж St куйгуй rapid stream, swift current; swift-
running river; rapids
ЖЙГ куйкуо in a hurry, in haste
капкуй fast and slow motion, high and
low speed; emergency
0 abbrev. of куйкд: express train [bus]
tokkyu super-express
junkyu local express, semi-express
(train)
0 [also prefix] sudden, unexpected
MSlZi kyugekina sudden, abrupt
Ж^е! куйгд sudden [rapid] increase
ЖЙ? куй гаки sudden drop [fall], steep de-
cline
kyuhen sudden change [turn]; accident
kyushi sudden death
kyubyd sudden (attack of) illness
— У kyukabu sharp curve [turn]
лВ'Л'т'Ж kyuteisha sudden stop
0 [also prefix] (sharply inclined) steep
Ж4Й kyuhan steep hill [slope]
ЖЖй kyukeisha steep slope [incline]
0 vital
ЖЙТ kyusho vital part; vital point, tender
spot
[INDEPENDENT!
[куй й] emergency, crisis
Жкуй na urgent; hasty; rapid, sudden;
steep, sharp
[kun]
[isogu й <"] vi [also verbal suffix] hurry (up),
hasten
michioisogu hurry on one's way
7Й О Ж <T uriisogu sell in haste, be eager to
sell
[isogi Же? J hurry, haste
Sic? О isogi no hurried, hasty; pressing, ur-
gent
jBc?® isogiashi quick pace
ХЖ gS~C oisogide in a great [urgent] hurry,
against time
► LIVESTOCK
CHIKU
1329
H2-2-8
EB	Joyo	S10-5-5	K3560
102	D1807	®2096	U755C
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 livestock, domestic animals or fowls
0 beast, animal
a is xM chikurui livestock, domestic animals
chikusangyd stockraising
WФ chikusha barns and poultry sheds
Ж W kachiku domestic animal, livestock
WWMH yuchiku-ndgyd agriculture with
livestock raising as a major side line
chikushd beast; Damn it!
0 raise livestock, rear, domesticate
ft is bokuchiku livestock farming, cattle
breeding
[note]
★do not confuse with Ц store up =>1506
1330
H2-2-8
► HIGH
KO taka(i) taka -daka
taka(maru) taka(meru)
d] takashi take
foj	Joyb-2	510-10-0	K2566
189	A0058	®2097	U9AD8
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (extending upward) high, tall, lofty
0 height; high place
а ЖЙЁ kodo altitude, height; high degree
rWj ill kozan high mountain, lofty peak
kochi high ground, plateau, heights
ВЖ kdgen plateau, tableland, heights
ЖтЙЙ kokasen elevated railway; overhead
wires
1329-1330
488
2-8
saikdhd highest peak; highest
authority
b Ш iWj hyoko elevation, (height) above the sea
ЭЖ toko climbing a height
00 [also prefix] (of great degree or quantity) high
© HiGH-priced, expensive
а ЖЭ1 kosoku high speed, high gear
kdnetsu intense heat; high fever
rWj&R кдкуй high rank, high class [grade]
Ж^р/Х kdtdna higher, high-grade, ad-
vanced
Ж^^Й kdtd-gakkd senior high school
rWjtJ kdkd senior high school
ЖЙ kdsai high court
[спЙр korei advanced age
rWjкдкуй high salary
rHjlflLEE kdketsuatsu high blood pressure
[Wj'/jm кооп high temperature
кооп high-pitched sound [tone], high
key
iriMEE kdkiatsu high (atmospheric) pressure
kdsoku-ddro freeway, express-
way; highway, turnpike
ЖЖ^ saikono maximum, supreme, high-
_ est
b nMffiZX kdkana expensive, high-priced
iw® koto steep rise (in prices), jump
© (elevated in rank or character) high, noble,
eminent, lofty
iWifiL koi high rank, honors
ЖЖ kdkan high office, high official, dignitary
kokina high and noble
kdmei fame, high reputation; your name
kdshdna high, noble, elegant
Ю& kdketsuna noble, high-minded, up-
right
[kun]
[takai ЙИ]
О (extending upward) high, tall, lofty
Ж $ takasa height, altitude; pitch
rjA takami height, elevated place
Ж®Ю takatobi high jump
iWjn4 takadai high ground, hill, height
takanami high waves
/hnljH kodakai slightly elevated
00 (of great degree) high, elevated, superior
© HiGH-priced, expensive
0 loud (voice)
a dra takadaka at most, at the highest
rill WHS takai nodo high concentration
И kandakai high-pitched, shrill
iWj V nadakai famous, well-known
b takane high price
c rWj bZPfc takarakana loud, sonorous, ring-
ing
takawarai loud laughter
© (elevated in rank or character) high, lofty, noble
Mi® H kedakai noble, lofty, high-minded
Ф rai И A mibun no takai hito man of
high position
[taka Ж ] quantity, amount, sum
Ж taka ga at most, at best, only
rw taka о kukuru make light of, un-
derrate
iWj ^'Й1 tlXV Ъ taka ga shirete iru not
amount to much
[-daka -Ж1 [suffix]
O0 amount of money, total (proceeds)
© amount, quantity, yield
а тЕ -ЬЙ uriagedaka sales, proceeds
b zfeStiWj seisandaka output, yield
0 indicates a rise in prices
bukkadaka high prices of commodi-
ties
S FH irj goendaka (be quoted) 5 yen higher
[takamaru Ж <5 J rise (in degree or rank),
be raised; increase; build
Ж 0 takamari rise, swell, elevation
Й^'Ж£3 kanshin ga takamaru take a
growing interest in
[takameru Ж <5 ] raise, elevate, enhance,
improve
ЖА0ЙЁ{4^ЖЙ>^> fujinnochiio
takameru raise the position of women
1331
H 2-2-8
Ecn [ H < < ; -R -H IX Г ]
► LOVE
REN ko(u) koi koi(shii)
-L'	Joyo	S10-4-6	K4688
61	C1367	02098	U604B
489
1331
2
—X—			TfT	TfT-	!		
Л
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] love (the opposite sex)
0 love (for the opposite sex)
а ren'ai love (for the opposite sex)
renjo love, attachment
renbo suru love, fall in love with
b shitsuren unrequited love
hiren blighted love
[kun]
[k0U ^9] LOVE
Ж V * Ж O koishitau miss, yearn for
[koi love (for the opposite sex), tender
passion
ЗЕ'Тkoisuru love, fall in love with
koibito lover, sweetheart
f&R. koibumi love letter
hatsukoi first love
[ koishii L И] beloved, dear, darling
1332
H2-2-8
► DRAGON
RYO tatsu
И 212	Joyo	S10-10-0	K4621
	C1279	©2099	U7ADC
IcompoundsI
0 DRAGON
ryujin dragon god, dragon king
гуйдй Palace of the Dragon King
ЖЙ гуйко (=rydko) dragon and tiger; hero
[KUN]
[tatSU DRAGON
IHOMOPHONESI
tatSU M THE DRAGON =>1901
► DECLINE
SUI otoro(eru)
1333		Joyo	$10-6-4	K3174
B2-2-8	145	C1551	@2100	U8870
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 decline, fall into decay, degenerate,
weaken, emaciate
suitai decline, decay, degeneration
suijakusuru weaken, lose vigor
ММ'Т'?) gensuisuru damp, be attenuated
rosui senility
seisui ups and downs, rise and fall,
prosperity and decline
[KUN]
[otoroeru	weaken, lose vigor,
become emaciated
otoroe weakening, emaciation, decline
yaseotoroeru become emaci-
ated, grow thin and worn out
H2-2-8
1334
H2-2-8
incorrect classification/
stroke-count
=>see В 2-5-4: at 1643
► STOREHOUSE
SO kura
	Jdyd-4	S10-2-8	K3350
9	B0955	@2104	U5009
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 storehouse, warehouse, granary
Й’Ж soko warehouse, storehouse
kokuso granary, grain elevator
dansd magazine (of a rifle)
1332-1334
490
2-8 H
[kun]
[kura ЙГ] storehouse (esp. for grains or
goods), warehouse, granary
kurani warehouse goods
Й'ЙхЬ kurawatashi ex warehouse
IHOMQPHONESI
kura
H STORE =>1530
Ж STORAGE CHAMBER =>1985
►OLDMAN
О Ц oki
1335		Joyo	SI 0-6-4	K1807
В2-2-8	124	D2059	<92108	U7FC1
у	У 'Ч.			Ж	ж	I V		
ICOMPOUNDSl
• old man, aged man, elder
rod old man
В 2-2-8	incorrect classification =>see D3-7-3: F at 2082
В 2-2-8	f incorrect classification s- =>see В 2-3-7: at 1468
► THREATEN
KYO obiya(kasu) odo(su)
odo(kasu)
1336
В 2-2-8
я	Joyo	S10-4-6	K2228
130	C1283	<92109	U8105
ICOMPOUNDSl
• threaten (with force), intimidate, menace,
coerce
kyohakusuru threaten, intimidate,
menace	*"
kydi threat, menace
kyohakujo intimidating letter
[KUN]	,,
[obiyakasu threaten, menace,
endanger; intimidate, scare	Z4
Heiwaga
obiyakasarete iru Peace is at stake
[odosu W'?"] threaten, menace, intimidate
§ L odoshi threat, menace, intimidation	Л
odoshimonku threatening Ian-	-L*
guage, bluff
[odokasu
0 threaten, menace, intimidate
© startle
а Й 7^ L T	Ж <5 odokashite капе о toru
scare money out of (a person)
b	Odokasu nayo What a start you
gave me!
[HOMOPHONES]
odosu Й4 MIGHT =><8)3578
odoshi
MIGHT =>®3578
ST =><8)1391
odokasu
Й, MIGHT =><88578
Ш INTIMIDATE =><8)784
► TRUE
SHIN ma ma- makotov Щ sana
masa mana mako sane chika
1337
В2-2-8
a	Jdyd-3	S10-5-5	K3131
109	A0361	<8)2111	U771F
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also prefix] true, real, actual, genuine
© truth, reality, genuineness
a shinka true value
ЖЖ shin'i true meaning [signification]; real
intention
M^lj shinken real sword; seriousness
Mffl shinso truth, facts, real situation
491
1335-1337
В 2-8
Ж5ВЛ shinhannin the real criminal
ь Жй shinjitsu truth, reality
Жв shingi truth or falsehood; authenticity
t _ ^Ж shashin photograph
[INDEPENDENT!
74 [shin Ж] truth, reality, genuineness
/ Д © shin no true, real, genuine; utter
Ж^ shin ni truly, indeed, really
Ж^ЭХ shinnotomo true friend
Ж Ъ shin nisemaru be true to nature
.	[life], be lifelike
"Г [Run]
X [ma Ж J truth
Ж	ma ni ukeru take seriously, be-
lieve
[ma- Ж-] [also prefix]
О true, genuine, pure
Ж>Ь magokoro sincerity, true heart
ЖТиФ mannaka center, middle
mane о suru imitate, mimic,
mock
Ж®<6 maneru imitate, mimic
О right, just, exactly, due (north)
Ж± maue right above
Ж4£ makita due north
Ж1Е® mashomen right in front
О complete, full
ЖШЙ mashikaku regular square
Ж Zu A manmaru perfect circle
ЖоН1э/£ makkurana pitch-dark
0 in the midst of
ЖЖ manatsu midsummer
Жо§Ф massaichQ midst, height
ЖЙФ mayonaka middle [dead] of the
night
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Ж®^А matomona decent, self-respecting;
honest; right-minded
IHOMOPHONESI
makoto
SINCERITY =>1023
H REAL =><S>2225
H2-2-8
incorrect classification
=>see H2-4-6:^at 1587
► MULBERRY
SO kuwa
1338		Joyo	S10-4-6	K2312
B2-2-8	75	D1603	®2112	U6851
			A I	I	
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 mulberry; mulberry tree
ffeffl soden mulberry plantation
[KUN]
[kuwa	mulberry; mulberry tree
kuwabatake mulberry field
kuwatsumi picking mulberry leaves
ИЖИЖ kuwabara kuwabara Heaven for-
bid that thunder strike us!
1339
H2-2-8
► SUMMER
KA GE natsu
%.	Jdyd-2	S10-3-7	K1838
35	B0709	®2113	U590F
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 SUMMER
Ж¥ kaki summer, summer season
ЖЙ0 kaki summer, summertime
Ж^ geshi summer solstice
*Ж?Л^ shunkashuto four seasons, all
(the) year round
?ЛЖ shoka early summer
§§Ж seika midsummer
[KUN]
[natsu Ж] SUMMER
Жй^ natsuyasumi summer vacation
Ж ЙТТГЪ natsubate suru suffer from the
summer heat
ЖЖ manatsu midsummer
1338-1339
492
^Ж tokonatsu everlasting summer
1340
H 2-2-9
► OBSERVE RELIGIOUS
ABSTINENCE
SAI Ц] hitoshi itsuki
%	Joyo	S11-8-3	K2656
210	C1182	@2115	U658E
10	11
IcompoundsI
О OBSERVE RELIGIOUS ABSTINENCE, abstain,
purify oneself, fast
kessai religious abstinence, purification
© study, room for study
If Ж shosai study, library
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with UNIFORM =>1299
1341
H2-2-9
► TRADE
SHO akina(u) Щ aki
□	Joyo-3	S11-3-8	K3006
30	A0348	02116	U5546
23456789
ЙЙ
2 -9 В
—---------------------------------------------- 9
ЙЙ tsusho commerce, trade, commercial
relation [intercourse]
Ь*Й gyosho itinerant trade, peddling
Я Й gessho monthly sales
© [also suffix] merchant, TRADEr, dealer, busi-
nessman, shopkeeper	/
®Й gasho picture dealer
ЙЕЙ goshd wealthy merchant
ЙЖЙ boekisho trading merchant, importer,
exporter
зЬМХЙ shindkdshd warriors, farmers, arti-
sans and tradesmen (the four classes of
Tokugawa Japan)
[kun]
[akinau Й □ J sell, trade in, deal in, handle
ЙН akinai trade, business
±ЙН dakinai heavy turnover [trading]
Ж £ Й Z) cha о akinau sell [handle] tea,
deal in tea
1342
H2-2-9
► CHAPTER
► BADGE
SHO [Ц aki akira aya fumi nori
yuki taka
\L	Joyo-3	S11-5-6	K3047
117	B0923	©2117	U7AE0
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
IcompoundsI
O0 trade, trade in, deal in
0 trade, commerce, business; sales
а Йпп shohin goods, commodities
ЙЙл shoten shop, store
ЙЖ shogyo commerce, trade, business
Ktt shosha company, firm
ЙтБ shobai trade, business, commerce
ЙЙ; shoho trade, business, commerce;
commercial law
ЙЛ shonin merchant, trader, tradesman
ЙЙп shosen merchant ship, trading vessel
Й® shohyo trademark
Ь Йр$ shodan business talk; negotiations
О [also suffix] (division of text) chapter
shoku passage, chapter and verse
ЖЙ5 shosetsu chapter and verse
daiisshb Chapter 1
© writing, letter
bunsho writing, composition, essay;
prose
ЗЕЖ gyokushd excellent composition; your
letter
©0 [also suffix] (device serving as insignia) badge,
emblem, medal, insignia
0 (distinctive mark) badge, emblem
a(l|( boshb badge on a cap
wansho armband, arm badge
ДЖ kaiinshd membership badge
493
1340-1342
В 2-9
ЙСЖ monsho crest, family insignia, coat of
arms
Й Ж kosho school emblem
b insho seal, stamp
0 [also suffix] decoration, medal, order
ЖЖ kunsho decoration, order, medal
ЖЖ hosho medal of merit
®зЖЖ zuihosho Order of the Sacred Treas-
ure
[INDEPENDENT!
[shd Ж] CHAPTER
Ж Ъ shd о aratameru begin a new
chapter
[INDEPENDENT!
[ritsu 4^1 rate, proportion, percentage
$ & ЙЕ %) ritsu о sadameru fix the rate
[KUN]
[hikiiru Жlead, head, command
(troops)
—‘Ж	V ichigun о hikiite at the head
of an army
H2-2-9
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-6-5at 2075
	► RATE ► LEAD SOTSU RITSU hiki(iru)			
1343 B2-2-9	95	Jdyd-5	S11-5-6	K4608
		A0342	02118	U7387
О [also suffix] rate, proportion; index, coeffi-
cient; modulus
hiritsu ratio, percentage
koritsu efficiency
hyakubunritsu percentage
ndritsu efficiency
nobiritsu growth rate; coefficient of
extension
riritsu interest rate, interest
daritsu batting average
kakuritsu probability
hokenrydritsu premium rate
0 lead, head, command (troops)
Жт’с sossen taking the lead [initiative]
tosotsusuru lead, command
insotsusha leader,commander
© frank, straightforward
sotchokuna frank, openhearted
0 rash, hasty
keisotsuna rash, light-headed, care-
less
1344
H 2-2-9
ICOMPOUNDSl
► POOR
HIN BIN mazu(shii)
ж	Jdyd-5	S11-7-4	K4147
154	C1272	02123	U8CA7
О [original meaning] (lacking in wealth) poor,
destitute
MS binbd poverty, destitution
MSA binbonin poor person, the poor
Mffl hinkon poverty, indigence, destitution;
lack, shortage
МЖ hinpu rich and poor
МЙ hinkyd poverty
MM hinno needy peasant
ЖЖМ sukanpin dire poverty; pauper
0 (lacking in) poor (in), scanty
MDijfe hinjakuna poor, meager, scanty
Mifil hinketsu anemia
[KUN]
[mazushii M poor, needy, destitute
Mmazushisa poverty
M Ь < ® mazushiku kurasu live in
poverty
1343-1344
494
2-Ю В
— 2
1345
В2-2-9
► FISH
GYO uo sakana -zakana IS о
	Joyo-2	S11-11-0	K2191
195	C1219	®2127	U9B5A
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [also suffix] [original meaning] fish
gyorui fishes
gyokairui marine products
kingyo goldfish
sengyo fresh fish
ЛЙ ningyo mermaid, merman
81ЖЖ shinkaigyo deep-sea fish
nettaigyo tropical fish
[kUn]
[uo Й J fish
ДШШ uoichiba fish market
Л1Д kawauo (=kawazakana) river fish,
freshwater fish
tobiuo flying fish
[sakana Й,-zakana -Й] [also suffix] fish
MH sakanaya fish shop; fish dealer
<I\M kozakana small fish, fry
-Fl/Й hoshizakana dried fish, stockfish
yakizakana broiled fish
(SPECIAL READINGS]
zako small fish, small fry; lesser fry
► TURTLE
KI kame Ц] hisashi susumu hisa
1346
В2-2-9
Из	Names	S11-11-0	K2121
213	C1385	®2128	U4E80
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] turtle, tortoise
4RF kikko carapace of a turtle, tortoiseshell
Ж H x kiboku divination by tortoiseshells
[KUN]
[kame Ж] turtle, tortoise
ЙЖ. umigame (sea) turtle
1347
H2-2-10
► BARBARIAN
BAN
&	Joyo	S12-6-6	K4058
142	D2180	®2129	U86EE
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
* barbarian, savage, uncivilized tribe
ISA banjin savage, barbarian; aboriginal
banzoku savage tribe
yabanna savage, barbarous, uncivi-
lized
nanban southern barbarians, Europeans
from the South (from 16th to 18th cen-
turies); meat cooked with onions; red
pepper
►CHILD
DO warabe
1348 H 2-2-10	XL 117	Joyo-3	S12-5-7	K3824
		C1202	®2130	U7AE5
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф (young person) child, youngster
Ж>1? doshin child's mind [heart]
жЙ dogan boyish face, baby face
Ж aS doyo children's song, nursery rhyme
ЖдЙ dowa nursery tale, fairy tale
/ьЖ jidd child, juvenile
Мж gakudd schoolchild
[KUN]
[warabe Ж] child
SIR warabeuta children's folk songs
495
1345-1348
В 2-10
incorrect stroke-count
see Я2-2-11: at 1353
H 2-2-10
0 something shaped like an umbrella
© something that protects like an umbrella
а tessan iron dome
sankano under the influence or
jurisdiction of, subsidiary
rakkasan parachute
[KUN]
[kasa umbrella, parasol
kasa о sasu hold an umbrella
amagasa umbrella
higasa parasol
yogasa umbrella, parasol
IHOMOPHONESI
kasa gx =>®2662
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-7-5: Ж at 2086
H 2-2-10
fe incorrect classification
j [=| etc. =>see В 2-3-9:	at 1499
H 2-2-10
1350
И 2-2-10
► PHENOMENON
► ELEPHANT
SHO ZO [Ц kisa
ж	Jdyd-4	S12-7-5	K3061
152	A0417	®2134	U8C61
IcompoundsI
О (outward manifestation of things) phenome-
non, outer appearance, material form;
things, object
З^Ж gensho phenomenon
МЖ kisho atmospheric phenomena,
weather conditions
7 Ж tensho astronomical phenomena
71 Ж banshd all things [manifestations] in the
universe
Й’Ж taisho object (of study), subject, target
ЙЖ chusho abstraction
0 represent, symbolize
Ж^ТГ-Ь shochosuru symbolize
ЖЯ^5^7 shokei-moji hieroglyph, picto-
graph
© (mental representation) image, mental image
₽РЖ insho impression
>С?Ж shinsho image, mental picture
ЙЖ hydsho representation, image, idea
0 [original meaning] elephant
Ж$/и zosan elephant
Ж5Г годе ivory
|1Ж kyozo gigantic elephant
77 lJ ЛЖ afurikazd African elephant
[independent!
[ZO Ж] ELEPHANT
ЖОД zonohana trunkof an elephant
1351
H2-2-10
► WITHOUT
► NOTHING
MU BU na(i)
	Jdyd-4	S12-4-8	K4421
86	A0273	®2135	U7121
IcompoundsI
О [also prefix] without, -less, non-, un-, in-,
1349-1351
496
no—element indicating nonexistence or lack
Ж&п mu куй de without pay [salary]
muyono useless; unnecessary; for-
bidden
mugenno infinite, endless, unfath-
omable
T' mudan de without permission; with-
out notice [warning]
muryd no charge, free
murina unreasonable, unjustifiable;
impossible; forced; excessive; irrational
(equation)
0 IZ muriyarini by force, against
one’s will
mushi baseball with no outs
ШЬ burei discourtesy, rudeness
Mtt mund inefficiency, incompetence
MWO mudokuno nonpoisonous
J&WCT! mukyQde without leave [holiday]
mukankeino irrelevant, unrelated
musekinin irresponsibility
mujiko no accident, no trouble
mushokuno without occupation,
unemployed
ЖДИ 010 mukigenno indefinite
^^(^0 mujokenno unconditional, un-
qualified
muishikini unconsciously, with-
out thinking
mujinno uninhabited; unmanned
mushinkei na insensitive, incon-
siderate
muzosa ni easily; casually
ЯЖ muchi shamelessness, impudence
Ж^0 mumeino nameless, obscure
muyamini rashly, thoughtlessly;
excessively; needlessly
muimina meaningless;absurd
SSWZi mugaina harmless
mukanshin apathy, indifference
^$O®0 museigen no unlimited, free, un-
restricted
museibutsu inanimate object
muchi ignorance
buyojin insecurity, carelessness
mushokuno colorless;neutral
muryoku powerlessness, helplessness,
impotence
musuno countless, innumerable
2-Ю В
muron of course, no doubt, naturally 2
muekina useless; futile
muhona lawless, unlawful; unrea-
sonable; outrageous
mukeino immaterial, incorporeal;
invisible; abstract
mujitsuno innocent; false, untrue;
groundless
mujona heartless, coldhearted
lZ musho ni very much, extremely
mushin innocence; request
ЙДО mufuno calm, windless
mukibutsu inorganic substance
muyokuna unselfish; disinterested
0 nothing, nothingness, nonexistence
kaimu nothing
W umu existence, presence; yes or no
zetsumu nothing, nil, naught
© set at naught, disregard
mushisuru ignore, disregard
[INDEPENDENT!
[mu Ш nothing, naught
Mukarayuwa
shojinai Nothing comes from nothing
munisuru bring to naught
munikisuru come to naught
[nothing]
[KUN]
[nai
O0 there is no, do not exist, have not
0 be missing, lack
a LT? nashide without
И капе да nai have no money
shihon nashi de without capital
кодаnai have no children
ab 'T nakusu lose, be deprived of; get rid of,
remove, do away with
nakunaru disappear, be gone; run
short; get lost, be missing
b	И Saifu да nai My purse is miss-
ing
© not, do not
ff gT/l < M V * ikitaku nai do not want to go
Samukumonai
shi atsuku mo nai It is neither hot nor
cold
497
1351
В 2-11
2 .	----------------
IHOMOPHONESI
nai t DECEASE =>2126
nakusu t DECEASE =>2126
,, nakunaru t decease =>2126
1352
H 2-2-11
► MIND
► MEANING
I (Ц oki
	Jdyo-3	S13-4-9	K1653
61	A0113	@2136	U610F
ICOMPOUNDSl
О mind, heart, thoughts, feelings; opinion
Ждй ishiki consciousness, awareness
iken opinion, view; admonition
ЙЖ iki heart, mind, (high) spirits
igaina unexpected, unforeseen, sur-
prising
мй iji nature, disposition; will power, back-
bone
ijiwaru nastiness; ill-natured person
chili attention, care, advice
ydisuru prepare, ready oneself,
make arrangements
koi goodwill, favor, kindness
Ю seii sincerity, good faith
goi mutual agreement [consent]
0 mind (to do something), intention, will,
inclination, desire
Ж[р] iko intention, inclination
Жлё ishi will, volition
iyoku volition, will, desire
ЖЕЗ /to intention, aim
ЙгЖ'Ж-b ketsuisuru make up one's mind,
resolve, determine
tokui one's forte; pride; customer
8Ж zen'i good intention; favorable sense
nin'ino optional, voluntary, discre-
tionary; arbitrary
© meaning, sense, intent
ЖЙ; imi meaning, intention, significance,
purport
ЖЙ igi meaning, sense, signification, signifi-
cance
iyaku free translation
Жл1С shin'i true meaning [signification]; real
intention
bun'i meaning (of a passage), purport
hyoi-moji ideograph, ideographic
character
[INDEPENDENT!
[i mJ mind, heart, thoughts,feelings; opin-
ion
/ nikaisuru mind, take
(something) to heart
/о tsuyoku suru be reassured,
feel encouraged
1353
H2-2-11
► ABANDON
KI
*	Joyo	S13-4-9	K2094
75	B0809	@2137	U68C4
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 abandon, forsake, desert, discard
© [original meaning] throw away; give up,
ABANDON
а ЖЙ'Й"kiken suru abstain from voting,
abandon one's right
kikyakusuru turn down, reject,
renounce
hokisuru abandon, resign
hakisuru break (a treaty), annul
аЬЙЖ haiki discarding, abolition, annulment
b %> tokisuru abandon, give up, throw
away
0 destroy, ruin, damage
hakisuru reverse (the original
judgment)
1352-1353
498
2-13 В
1354
В 2-2-11
► REAR
Rl ura
	Jdyd-6	S13-6-7	K4602
145	B0875	®2138	U88CF
123456789
Kot
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
О rear, back, reverse, other side
Ж® rimen back, reverse, other side, inside;
background
hyori front and rear, both sides (of a
thing or matter); duplicity
Шй kuri temple's kitchen; priest's living
quarters
0 inside, within, in
ЯЙЖ nori brain, mind, memory
WM kyori one's bosom, one's heart, one's
feelings
ФЖ^У shuriken throwing knife
^Ж kinri the Imperial Palace
[kun]
[ura Ж J [also prefix and suffix] rear, back;
reverse, other side; inside, hidden part; sup-
port, backing, proof
Ж ill 0 uraddri back street
ЖЙ uraniwa rear garden
Ж □ uraguchi back door, kitchen door
MM uramon back gate
pejinourani overleaf
Ж®! uragawa back [reverse, other] side,
wrong side
ЖЙ uraomote both sides; two faces; reverse,
opposite; the reverse; double-dealing
Ж1И L Ъ uragaeshinisuru turn over,
turn inside out, turn upside down
Ж ЖЖ ига о kaesu turn the other way,
turn inside out
ЖУТ15 urauchi lining, backing
Vt urazuke guarantee, endorsement-
support, backing; substantiation, proof
ЖЗДЗ uragiru betray, turn traitor, double-
cross
EtlEL incorrect classification/
stroke-count
В 2-2-11 ^see В2-9-3:	at 1807
incorrect classification
^see В2-3-10: —at 1514
B2-2-11
► GREAT MAN
► MAGNIFICENT
GO |£| tsuyoshi takeshi take hide
	Joyo	514-7-7	K2575
152	C1017	®2140	U8C6A
1355
B2-2-12
О great man, person of extraordinary powers,
champion, hero
gdketsu hero, great [extraordinary] man
bungd great man of letters, literary mas-
ter
УЙЖ shugo great [heavy] drinker
Й1Ж kengo great swordsman, master fencer
Йж куддд veteran, champion
иЖ fugd wealthy man, millionaire
0 magnificent, grand, grandiose, great,
splendid
gokana gorgeous, splendid, pom-
pous
iHife gosdna grand, magnificent, splendid
gdseina great, grand, magnificent
0 powerful, heavy
ЖЖ gou heavy rain, downpour
ЖИ gosetsu tremendous snowfall
1356
B2-2-13
► COMMEND
HO ho(meru)
	Joyo	515-6-9	K4311
145	D2135	®2144	U8912
499
1354-1356
2-13
к» л
			-r		J*			4*
23456789
					ft
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
* commend, praise, laud, award, give recog-
nition to
St Ж hosho medal of merit
Ж Л hobi reward, prize
Silt hosho prize, reward
§BcXefSO£x kiyohdhen praise and censure,
criticisms
[KUN]
[homeru praise, commend, admire,
compliment, eulogize
Ж&бй'Л-?) hometataeru admire,applaud,
praise
IHOMOPHONESI
homeru
HONOR =>®2502
Ж PRIZE =>®2618
H2-2-13
1357
H2-2-13
incorrect classification
=>seeH2-3-12: — at 1531
► BE ANXIOUS
YU ure(eru) ure(i) u(i) u(ki)
'i>	Joyo	S15-4-11	K4511
61	D1674	02145	U6182
ICOMPOUNDSl
О be [feel] anxious, fear, worry, be concerned
yuryo anxiety, concern, worry
SEI уйкоки patriotism, concern for one's
country
0 grief, sorrow
yuutsu melancholy, gloom
yushu melancholy, gloom, grief
[kun]
[ureeru ЗЕЛ'Ь] be anxious, fear, be ap-
prehensive
El W Ж ЗЕ Л Ъ kuni no shorai о ureeru
be anxious about the future of one's
country
[urei 8^] anxiety,trouble,worry
V* kokonourei anxiety about the
future
[ui Ж melancholy, sad
usa gloom, melancholy
monoui languid, melancholy
[uki M cf ] literary grief, sorrow
ScS	ukime о miru have a bitter
experience, have a hard time of it
IHOMOPHONESI
ureeru melancholy =^>1811
urei MELANCHOLY =>1811
1358
И2-2-13
► DANCE
BU ma(u) -ma(u) mai IS ma
	Joyo	515-7-8	K4181
136	B0646	@2146	U821E
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
[original meaning]
0 dance, dancing
© to DANCE
а ЯЙ bukyoku dance music, music and danc-
ing
kenbu sword dance
0 S? nichibu Japanese dancing
kabuki kabuki
b ЯЙ buto dancing
S & butai stage, the boards
butokai ball, dance
[kun]
[mau Л D J dance (gracefully, esp. tradi-
tional dances); flutter, fly, circle (in the sky)
Ц 5 mai о таи perform a dance,
1357-1358
500
3-1
dance
maiagaru soar, fly high
[-mau 9 J verbal suffix
Л'бЯ'З furumau behave oneself; enter-
tain, treat
J1S5 mimau ask for, visit (a sick person)
ttW 9 shimau close, finish; put away, lay
away
[mai ЯП dancing, dance
ЙЖ maiogi dancer's fan
maihime dancing girl, dancer
► OF GRACEFUL BEAUTY
REI uruwa(shii) Ц] urara
ICOMPOUNDSI
• [original meaning] of graceful beauty,
lovely, beautiful and neat [refreshing], re-
splendent
Ж A reijin beauty, belle
НЖ reishitsu beauty, charm
kireina beautiful, pretty; clean; fair
UffllA bireina beautiful, gorgeous
kareina splendid, magnificent, re-
splendent, gorgeous
tanreina graceful, elegant, hand-
some
It Ж A hdreina rich (design), beautiful,
splendid
bijireiku flowery words
[KUN]
[uruwashii M L beautiful and graceful,
lovely, pretty
mime-uruwashii good-looking,
fair
1360
H2-3-1
► GREAT
► THICK
TAI TA futo(i) futo(ru) IS 6 futo
dai taka uzu
	Joyo-2	S4-3-1	K3432
37	A0471	«>2152	U592A
12	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (extremely large in size or scale) great, large,
big, enormous
AFJI taiyd sun
ASJ taiko (big) drum; professional jester;
flatterer; big obi bow
AIS taiin moon
taiko ancient times, remote ages
taiheiyd Pacific Ocean
0 of highest rank, grand, great
taishi Crown Prince
A№ taiko father of the Imperial adviser;
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
taishu governor general, viceroy
A A tayu chief actor in a noh play; enter-
tainer, courtesan
Affl taiso founder; first Emperor (of a Chi-
nese dynasty)
© (great in diameter) thick
AA maruta log
[KUN]
[futoi A H ] (of great diameter or width) thick,
big; fat; broad, wide
AgS futosa thickness; depth (of voice)
futoji thick character, bold-faced type
futoisen thick line
А о 15 =k futotcho fat person
futoi enpitsu broad pencil
[futoru A ] grow fat, fatten, gain weight
A о A futotta fat, stout, plump
ISPECIAL READINGS]
A JJ tachi long sword
IHOMOPHONESI
futoru JIB FATTEN =>®879
501
1359-1360
3-1
incorrect classification
=>see H2-2-2: V at 1253
Н2-3-1
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-2: ^at 1246
H2-3-1
1361
H2-3-2
► NUMBER
► DESIGNATION
► SIGN
GO
□	Jdyd-3	S5-3-2	K2570
30A	B0605	<8)2153	U53F7
12	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 (numerical designation or label) number, as:
room No., house No., type size No., rail-
road car No., route No., item [subsection]
No., etc.
© (single copy of a periodical) number, issue
a ддзй number or size of periodicals or
pictures, type size
ШЯ bango number, serial number
МЯ^ hyakugoshitsu room No. 100
—— ШЙЁАЯ itchome nibanchi
куйдд 2-9,1-chome (part of an ad-
dress)
ЗГЯЙ^ gogo katsuji No. 5 type, small pica
~Н5ЯЖ jugogosha (railway) car No. 15
^Я81 nigdsen Route No. 2
352И]|ЖШЯ dainikodaiyongo Subsec-
tion 2, Paragraph 4
b Я A gdgai newspaper extra
Ж^-Я dainigo second issue; number two
®1Т11Я sdkango inaugural number, first is-
sue
00 designation, title, name, pen name,
pseudonym
0 suffix after names of ships, trains, aircraft,
horses or dogs
a $5Я shdgo title, degree
ШЯ gagd pen name, pseudonym
ШЯ yagd name of a store; stage title
Ж Я nengo name of era, reign title
b 9Л U —Я kuinmerigo S.S. Queen
Mary
Ufa V Я hikarigo Hikari (name of a bullet
train)
© (arbitrary sign, esp. in mathematics) sign, sym-
bol, mark
^РЯ togo equal sign [mark]
ДЯ fugo negative sign
??|*Я fugo sign, mark, symbol
пВЯ kigo symbol, mark, sign
Ra Я ango code, password
0 SIGNal
{ЖЯ shingo signal; traffic light
1362
H2-3-2
► OLDER BROTHER
KEI KYO ani (D e
JL	Jdyd-2	S5-2-3	K2327
10	C1208	02154	U5144
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 OLDER BROTHER
Я^В kyodai (=keitei) brother
ft Я chokei eldest brother
ШЯ jikkei one's own older brother
ft Я gikei brother-in-law
5£Я fukei one's father and older brothers;
guardians
[kun]
[ani Я1 older brother, big brother
Я ft aniki older brother; one's senior
ЯЮ‘ anideshi senior schoolmate, senior
apprentice
ISPECIAL READINGS]
Я $ niisan older brother
1363
И2-3-2
► FREE OF CHARGE
► ORDINARY
SHI tada tada-
□	Names	S5-3-2	K3494
30	D2352	®2155	U53EA
[KUN]
[tada Я]
1361-1363
502
О no charge
Я 0 tada no free of charge, cost-free, for
nothing; ordinary, common, plain
© ordinariness, plainness
tadanohito common [ordinary] per-
son, man in the street
tadanaranu unusual, alarming,
serious
© doing nothing, being idle
Tada de wa okanai zo
You shall pay dear for that
[tada- Я-]
О free of charge, cost-free, for nothing
tadabataraki working for nothing
Я.Ж 0 tadanori free ride
© ordinary, common, plain
RW tadamono ordinary person, common
mortal
Tadagotodewa nai It is no
common case
© only, just, merely, solely
R^ tadaima at present, now; just now;
soon; Hello (used by person returning
home)
IHOMOPHONESI
tada I® ONLY =><8)463
1364
H2-3-2
► GO AWAY
KYO KO sa(ru) -sa(ru)
A	Joyo-3	S5-2-3	K2178
28	B0509	®2156	U53BB
IcompoundsI
O0 GO away, leave, retire, depart from
© (go away from this world) pass away, die
a АЖ kyorai coming and going; recurrence
jikyosuru leave, quit, retire
ШАЖ-Ь taikyosuru retreat, withdraw,
evacuate
b	АЖЪ shikyo suru die, pass away
©0 pass away, elapse, go by
© last (year, etc.)
a kako the past, bygone days
b АЖ kyonen last year
3-2 В
АЛ kyogetsu last month
[kun]
[saru A'S] GO away, leave, depart, resign;
be distant [away] from; pass, elapse, go by;
remove, take of, get rid of
Ж A А Ъ toku ni saru go far away
8 cf А Ъ okizari ni suru leave (a
person) behind
i®ofA<5 sugisaru pass (away), elapse
® 0 A<b torisaru take away, remove, leave
out
[-saru -А Ъ ] [verbal suffix] completely
£ПА& wasuresaru forget completely
1365
B2-3-2
> t }- >4r hb О ]
► WINTER
TO fuyu
z	Joyo-2	S5-2-3	K3763
15	C1100	<8*2157	U51AC
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] winter
toki winter season
toki winter, wintertime
tdji winter solstice
tomin hibernation ("winter sleep")
etto passing the winter, wintering
shotb early winter
ritto first day of winter
shunkashuto four seasons, all
(the) year round
[KUN]
[fuyu WINTER
fuyumeku become wintry
fuyuyasumi winter vacation
^lll fuyuyama mountain in winter
fuyumono winter clothing, winter
goods
fuyushogun hard winter, Jack Frost
Ж^ mafuyu depth of winter, midwinter
503
1364-1365
В 3-2
2------------------
, Г к ► HOLE
□ ^366				KETSU ana					
				116		Jdyo-6		S5-5-0	K2374
±	B2-3-2					C1370		®2159	U7A74
&	1						7^		
-H-	1	2	3	4	5 ICOMPOUNDSl 0 hole, cavity Ж A boketsu grave [KUN]								
А [ana Л]
0 hole, opening, gap; hollow, cavity
© open or bottomless hole, opening, aper-
ture, perforation
0 cave, lair; pit
а	botan no ana buttonhole
b LA otoshiana pit, trap
horaana cave, cavern, den
IHOMOPHONESI
ana ?L OPENHOLE =><8>179
B2-3-2	incorrect stroke-count =>see B2-3-3: at 1374
B2-3-2	incorrect stroke-count =>see B2-3-3: * at 1380
B2-3-2	incorrect classification =^see B2-2-3: V at 1266
B2-3-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-3: at 1259
B2-3-3	incorrect stroke-count =>see B2-3-2: □ at 1361
1367
H2-3-3
► BUDDHIST TEMPLE
JI tera
	Jdyd-2	S6-3-3	K2791
41	B0796	®2164	U5BFA
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 buddhist temple, temple
© suffix after names of buddhist temples
а jiin temple
ttvf shaji shrines and temples
koji old temple
b kokubunji state-established provin-
cial temple
todaiji Todaiji Temple
kinkakuji Temple of the Golden Pavil-
ion
[KUN]
[tera buddhist temple, temple
0 teramairi visit to a temple
JStF amadera nunnery, convent
lll^F yamadera mountain temple
► SHARP CORNER
KEI KE HI tama ka yoshi kiyoshi
kiyo
1368
H2-3-3
ICOMPOUNDSl
Names	S6-3-3	K2329
D1767	02165	U572D
0 sharp corner (of ancient ceremonial jade
tablet), point
keikakunoaru angular, harsh-
mannered, rough
ft! □ > □—Д senkei-konjiromu
pointed condyloma
► LUCKY
KICHI KITSU В yoshi
1369
H2-3-3
□	Joyo	S6-3-3	K2140
30	B0606	®2167	U5409
1366-1369
504
3-3
....i........Ll..1Г7.1&
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] lucky, propitious, auspi-
cious, favorable, good
kitcho good omen, lucky sign
j|0 kichijitsu (=kitsujitsu) lucky day
гГИ kikkyo good or ill luck, fortune
езЖ kichiji auspicious event
jK cf daikichi excellent [good] luck
д’ fukitsu ill omen, inauspiciousness
1370
H2-3-3
► EACH
KAKU onoono
□	Jdyd-4	S6-3-3	K1938
30	A0268	@2168	U5404
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also prefix] each, every, every one, all, vari-
ous
S’tt kakusha each company
i=r Й kakuji each one, every individual
&И kakkoku every country, each nation,
various states
1=гЙх kakuhan every, various
kakuchi every place, various parts
[areas] (ofthe country)
kakushuno each [every] kind, vari-
ous
iMi kakui gentlemen, sirs
kakudantai each group
kakudaigaku each university, all uni-
versities
[INDEPENDENT!
[kaku Й-Jeach
kakuichibu one copy each
[kun]
[onoono each, every, respectively
onoonogata all of you
onoono no kangae de at indi-
vidual discretion
► NAME
MEI MYO na -na
1371	□	Joyo-1	S6-3-3	K4430
H2-3-3	30	A0170	@2169	U540D
' '/'/ 7 Ы
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
Em [ n-H-H 7 <4 I
O0 [also suffix] name, first name
© (mere designation) name
а meibo register [list] of names
4=t$l| meishi calling [business] card
meisho appellation, name, title
myoji surname, family name
shimei (full) name
Жshomei signature, autograph	zx
shimei nomination, designation
tokumeino anonymous, incognito,
pseudonymous
If daimei title
honmyo one's real name
kaimyd posthumous Buddhist name
shohinmei trade [brand] name
b @ meimoku name, title; pretext
meigi name, title
0 (reputation, esp. good reputation) name, fame,
reputation
meiyo honor, glory; dignity
meisei fame, reputation
yumeina famous, noted, celebrated;
notorious
chomei prominence, eminence, distinc-
tion
omei bad name, ill fame, disgrace
Й£| кдтуб great exploit; distinction, fame
© [also prefix]
0 (of well known name) famous, noted, cele-
brated
0 first-rate, master, excellent, fine, great
a meibutsu specialty, noted product
meisho noted place, sights, scenic place
meisho place of scenic beauty
M meimon distinguished [noted] family;
prestigious establishment
meibamen famous [impressive]
scene
505
1370-1371
В з-з
2 ----------------------------------------------
b 8 A meijin (past) master, master hand, ex-
pert
meisaku masterpiece, fine work
81H meiga famous picture, masterpiece;
U noted film
8 ffi meikyoku excellent [exquisite] piece of
music, famous tune
zt 8 Я meigetsu full moon, harvest moon
8-1хФ meitoshu star pitcher
88ИК meitantei great detective
З7 о counter for persons
л-1--	kaiin gomei five members
[KUN]
М/ ----
[na 8 ] name, first name; (mere designation)
name; (reputation, esp. good reputation) name,
-ьр fame, reputation
namae name, given name
nazukeru name, give a name to
hon nona name of a book
-r	nadakai famous, well-known
8О 0zE nabakariпод a king in
Zk	name only
8 Ъ V A na mo nai hito nameless
[insignificant] person, nobody
[-na -8 ] character, letter
kana капа, Japanese syllabary
ISPECIAL READINGS]
adana nickname
[HOMOPHONES]
-na CHARACTER =>02172
1372
H2-3-3
► MANY
TA o(i) И kazu
37	Joyo-2	S6-3-3	K3431
36	A0159	®2170	U591A
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] many, much, numerous
© [prefix] many-, multi-, poly-
fl takaku many-sided, versatile; polygonal
tasu large number, multitude
taryd large quantity, great deal
tamen many sides, many phases
tabun probably, perhaps, maybe
tasho a little, somewhat
tadaino great, considerable, a great
deal of; serious
^4® tashitsu high humidity
b @ И tamokuteki multipurpose
tashinkyd polytheism
ЙР taonsetsu polysyllable
0 used phonetically for ta
mettani rarely
[kun]
[di И] much, lots of, many, numerous
*s oku much, many, abundantly; largely,
mostly
Ж ome ni plenty, lots
1373
В 2-3-3
► PEACEFUL
► INEXPENSIVE
AN yasu(i) yasu(maru) yasu
yasu(raka) Щ a yasushi
Joyo-3	S6-3-3	K1634
A0149	02171	U5B89
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 peaceful, tranquil, calm, quiet, gentle
0 have peace of mind, feel contented, be at
ease; give peace of mind, pacify
0 public peace, order
a	anjusuru live peacefully
antai peace, security, tranquility
anmin quiet sleep, peaceful slumber
antei stability; composure
ansei rest, quiet, repose
bS'D anshin peace of mind, relief
Я'Зс fuan uneasiness, anxiety
с chian public peace and order
hoan preservation of public peace
koan public peace
0 safe, secure
anzen safety, security
anpi safety, welfare
anda safe hit, base hit
anpojoyaku (Japan-U.S.) security
treaty
© (without effort) easy, comfortable
1372-1373
506
3-3 И
апЧпа easy,easygoing
anzan easy [smooth] delivery (of a
baby)
anrakuna comfortable, carefree,
cozy
0 INEXPENSIVE, cheap
anka low price
зёгШк/Х anchokuna cheap, inexpensive; easy,
simple
[kun]
[yasui ЙИ]
О inexpensive, cheap, low-priced
yasuku inexpensively
Sr7® yasune low price
yasumono cheap article, bargain
yasuuri bargain sale
yasuppoi cheapish, flashy
0 peaceful, quiet, tranquil
С Ъ yasunjiru feel at ease, ease a per-
son's mind
S b cf yasuragi peace of mind
kiyasui friendly
[yasumaru $ <5 ] feel rested; be set at
ease
1 L? 0 Ъ Bvf Ш V kokorono
yasumaru toki ga nai have no moment
of ease
[yasu
О [prefix] cheap, inexpensive, low (cost)
:2c ЯНр yasugekkyu low salary
0 [suffix] low price, cheap
juen'yasu down 10 yen (foreign ex-
change market)
[yasuraka
yasurakana	peaceful, tranquil
yasuraka na nemuri peace-
ful sleep
IHOMOPHONESI
yasui Ж EASY ^>1561
yasumaru rest =>0036
	► CHARACTER JI aza	2
j		
1374	Joyo-1 S6-3-3	K2790	□
H2-3-3	39 A0436 ©2172 U5B57	+
		
	I Ji 1	±
1	2	3 [compounds!	I	4	5	6	
00 character, letter; type; word		
0 Chinese character, kanji, ideograph,		
logograph
a jitai character form, type	4,/
Й jigi character definition, meaning of a
word [term]
jibiki dictionary
moji character, letter	za
omoji capital letter
monji character, letter; writings
□ —romaji Roman letters
kanji Chinese characters, kanji
katsuji movable type, printing type
suji figure, numeral
shuji penmanship
akaji deficit, red figures
b ® jikaku stroke-count
0 nickname, pseudonym
myoji surname, family name
[INDEPENDENT!
[ji CHARACTER, letter
hosoiji slender character
[kun]
[aza village or town section in the Japa-
nese addressing system
oazakatayama name of a town
section
1375
H2-3-3
► PROTECT
SHU SU mamo(ru) mamo(ri)
mori -mori [Ц morio
Joyo-3	S6-3-3	K2873
A0469	02173	U5B88
2	3	4	5	6
507
1374-1375
В 3-3
2 .	---------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
О protect (from, against), defend, guard,
p—<	watch over
□	shubi defense; fielding
shugo protection, guard, defense, safe-
st	guard
-[- уРШ shuei guard, doorkeeper
shushu stupidity, lack of innovation
& rusu absence (from home); caretaking;
defending when the lord is absent
ЙС koshu offense and defense; batting and
fielding
M/	Ъ shishu suru defend to the last, de-
fend desperately
0 observe, obey, keep, adhere, abide by
(t.	ЖтР’З'%) junshusuru observe, obey,follow,
conform to
z* genshu strict observance
hoshu conservatism;maintenance
И
[mamoru
О protect, defend, guard, watch over
—	mi о mamoru defend oneself
mimamoru watch, keep watch over
00 observe, obey, keep to, abide by
0 keep (a promise), fulfill
а Ж ДО Ъ kisoku о mamoru keep to the
regulations
[mamori vf 0 ] PROTECTion, defense;
good-luck charm
0 W mamorigami guardian deity
43^0 omamori good-luck charm
[mori \F] baby-sitting; nursemaid
omori baby-sitting; baby-sitter
komori baby-sitting; baby-sitter
[-mori -yf ] [also suffix] keeper
todaimori lighthousekeeper
IHOMQPHONESI
mamoru Ж PROTECT =>1088
1376
H2-3-3
► DWELLING HOUSE
TAKU m yake
Joyo-6	S6-3-3	K3480
A0423	02174	U5B85
0 [also suffix] (house where one lives) dwelling
house, home, abode, house, residence
takuchi land for housing, residential
land
otaku your home, your house; you
kitaku homecoming
Й jitaku one's house, one's home
settaku my home, my humble abode
jutaku housing, dwelling house, resi-
dence
shataku company house
Й|5^ё teitaku residence, mansion
yokoeshi-taku residence of Mr.
Yokoe
0 universe, infinite space, world
E& uchu universe, cosmos; (outer) space
1378
H2-3-3
► THE PRESENT
► HIT
TO a(taru) a(tari)1 a(tari)2 a(teru)
a(te) Ц] masa
М/	Joyo-2	56-3-3	K3786
42*	A0090	02177	U5F53
1	4	4/			
ICOMPOUNDSl
00 [also prefix] the present, this, that, the
said, the very
0 (occurring presently) the present, present,
current
a lu tdkyoku the authorities concerned
toji at that time, in those days; at the
1376-1378
508
3-3
present time
О? tdjisha the person [party] concerned
S A tonin the one concerned, the said per-
son
S JiS toten this shop, we
S SR tdeki this station
S ВД togai the said, the concerned
S 0 tojitsu the appointed day, that day
S ft tosha this firm; this shrine
toeigyosho our [the present]
business office
b tobun for some time, for a while, for the
present, temporarily
S®0 tomenno present, immediate; ur-
gent, pressing
0 proper, appropriate, fitting, applicable
S tozen naturally, as a matter of course
SS tohi rightor wrongjustice; propriety
IE S t& seitd na just, right, due; legal
Ж SA tekitona suitable, fit; irresponsible
datona proper, appropriate
gaitosuru come under, be appli-
cable to
ASA futona unfair, unreasonable, unjust
Ф S 0 honto no true, real, genuine
©0 assign, allot, appropriate
0 be assigned, undertake, take charge of
a BBS haito apportionment, allotment
A S juto suru allot, appropriate, ear-
mark
0 S nitto daily allowance
®)S kando disinheritance
b S # toban being on duty [guard]; person on
duty
Sttx tochokuin person on duty
ffl S tanto suru undertake, be in charge
of
0 be elected, be selected, win
S дй tosen election to office; winning (a lot-
tery)
© [original meaning] be equivalent, correspond
to, equal
ffl S soto suru correspond to, be pro-
portionate; be suitable for, become
^7'7Д^ж guramutoryo gram equivalent
© confront, come across, face
S Ш tomen suru face, confront
S <5 towakusuru be perplexed, be con-
[]cn [ □ -H 43	3 I
fused [puzzled], be embarrassed
О guess, conjecture
JUS kento estimate, guess; aim
© unclassified compounds
itFS bento box lunch, lunch, picnic lunch
US geito feat,trick,stunt
|KUN]
[ataru SA<5]y/
O0 hit, strike
© hit the mark
0 strike against, touch, be touched, be
exposed
0 (be struck by light or heat) shine upon,
strike; warm oneself, bask
a gT SA <5 tsukiataru hit against, run into;
come to the end of (a street)
'ASAAAA taiatari suru hurl oneself (at), zx
dash oneself (against)
b fT S A <5 ikiataru strike into, light on;
come against	rp
c S tz О РЖ О 0M V * atarisawari no nai
harmless and inoffensive
□ S tz 0 kuchiatari taste
d 0 S tz 0 hiatari exposure to the sun
00 hit on, guess rightly; come true
© make a hit, come off, succeed; win in a
lottery
о ® И omoiataru occur to, strike
JRL S А Ь А И miataranai not be found
>C?SA0 kokoroatari knowledge, idea, clue
b AS tz 0 oatari big hit, great success, bo-
nanza; bumper crop
fij A' S tz О tz Kuji да atatta I drew a prize
© treat (unkindly)
SA^SbA atarichirasu find fault with
everybody, make oneself disagreeable
ЛЭ S tz V	yatsuatarisuru snarl (at
the wrong person), take it out on
(someone)
[atari1 S tz V ] hit, on-target impact; hit,
success
S tz ty A Ъ atari о toru make a hit
[atari2 SAO]
О [suffix] per
—* 0 S tz О А РЧ ichinichiatarisen'en 1000
yen a day
0 [in compounds] [often in the form of S tz z> T
509
1378
t T } H- H- n 1
В 3-3
atatte] at present
Jn L S Zt 0 sashiatari for the time being,
for the present, at present
© [in compounds] proper, appropriate
^3 Zt О Й atarimae proper, right, just; of
course
[ateru
O0 hit, strike; touch
© hit the mark
a	atenige hit-and-run accident
(causing property damage)
WT S X sayaate rivalry ("touching of
sheaths")
b	mate о ateru hit the mark
00 hit on, guess
© make a hit, succeed
а Иiiateru guess right
b IS 0 horiateru strike, find, dig up
© apply (to), put (to), lay, place
-p	STЙ£х Ъ atehamaru apply, be valid; be
”1	in conformity with; fit in
H XKx#)Ъ atehameru apply,fit,adapt
teate provision; medical care, treat-
ment
teate allowance, compensation, bene-
fits
0 allot, assign, appropriate
WJ 0 wariateru assign,allot
[ate
О aim, end, goal
^3 T < ate mo naku aimlessly, at ran-
dom
@ meate guide, aiming; aim
© hopes, expectation
lil X/O'WTl-b ate ga hazureru be disap-
pointed
© reliance, confidence, trust
^3 T Ъ ate nisuru rely upon, have trust
in
IHOMOPHONESI
ataru Ф MIDDLE =>2150
atari2 Ш VICINITY =>1916
ateru
% FILL =>1271
ADDRESS ^02222
ate ЙГ ADDRESS =^>02222
H2-3-3
1379
H2-3-3
incorrect classification
=>see B2-4-2: at 1550
► THREAD
SHI ito
&	Joyo-1	86-6-0	K2769
120	C1362	®2179	U7CF8
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] thread, yarn, filament
menshi cotton yarn [thread]
kenshi (=kinuito) silk thread
tfezfc basshi removal [extraction] of stitches
J; H x tD'TlT isshi mo matowazu ni
without a stitch of clothing on, stark-
naked
IKUN]
[ito [also suffix] thread, yarn, filament
itomaki spool, bobbin
keito woolen yarn, wool
tateito warp
□ itoguchi beginning, first step; clue
[HOMOPHONES]
itoguchi
Й OUTSET =>01378
ЖП =>1379
tateito
® PASSTHROUGH =>01331
^0952
=>0898
1380
В2-3-3
► LAWN GRASS
shiba
-H-	Joyo	S6-3-3	K2839
140	C1075	®2180	U829D
1	2	3	4	5	6
[KUN]
[shiba
0 LAWN GRASS, zoysia
1379-1380
510
3-3
0 lawn, turf, sod
shibakusa lawn
fin H	koraishiba Korean lawn grass
b 21S shibafu lawn, turf
shibai play, drama
IHOMQPHONESI
shiba =>®2653
1381
H2-3-3
► POTATO
imo
—н—	Joyo	S6-3-3	K1682
140	D2310	®2181	U828B
[imo potato; sweet potato; tuber
jagaimo potato, white potato
satoimo taro
Й1ГЖЕ satsumaimo sweetpotato
gTE yakiimo baked sweet potato
incorrect classification
=>see B2-4-2: at 1551
Я2-3-3
► COME TO
SHI ita(ru) [Ц yuki yoshi michi
1382
H2-3-3
	Jdyd-6	86-6-0	K2774
133	Cl 123	<3)2182	U81F3
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] come to, arrive at, reach
i&SZl hisshida be inevitable
0 to, as far as
shitokushima to Tokushima
Jbl±L naishi from...to..., between...and...;
or
© utmost, most, extreme
shikyu no urgent, pressing
Sit© shinanno most difficult
shijo supremacy
Sffi shigoku very, most, exceedingly, ex-
tremely
0 solstice
XS geshi summer solstice
toji winter solstice
[KUN]
[itaru ] come to, arrive at, reach; lead
(to)
S 0 itari extremity, utmost limit; result
S<E)® itaru tokoro everywhere, all over
IHOMQPHONESI
itaru ARRIVE =Ф0848
t K- $ }	1+ H- О ] мд
► SHEEP
YO hitsuji
1383
H2-3-3
¥	Jdyd-3	S6-6-0	K4551
123	D1988	<3>2183	U7F8A
4
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] sheep, ram, ewe
ЕЙ ydniku mutton
yomo wool
Й yotokuniku using a better name
to sell inferior goods, crying wine and
selling vinegar
убкап sweet jelly of beans
bokuyd sheep farming
[kun]
[hitsuji sheep, ram, ewe
И hitsujikai shepherd
kohitsuji lamb
[HOMOPHONES]
hitsuji E NOT YET =>®3506
1384
H2-3-3
►TONGUE
ZETSU shita
3*	Jdyd-5	S6-6-0	K3269
135	D1892	02186	U820C
-EEilll
2	3	4	5	6
511
1381-1384
Нз-3
2 .	----------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] tongue
eF zetsuon lingual sound
д	zetsugan cancer of the tongue
, 0 (manner of speech) tongue, speech, lan-
guage, words
~T c&Uc zessen war of words
Z7	zeppo (sharp) tongue
benzetsu speech
37 WS dokuzetsu wicked tongue, abusive lan-
j lf	guage, blistering remarks
(ЙГЕл jozetsu garrulity, loquacity
М/	hitsuzetsuni
tsukushigatai be beyond description
[KUN]
[shita T] tongue
za ЕтЯТ shitauchi tongue clicking
ЙзЕл ZE nekojita da have a tongue too sensi-
tive to heat
Т EEM О Д V * shitazawari да yoi be soft
and pleasant on the tongue
incorrect classification
П =>see H2-2-4: at 1274
В 2-3-3
► PHONETIC [ro]
RO RYO Ц] naga tomo
1385
В 2-3-4
□	Names	S7-3-4	K4704
30	D1793	®2187	U5442
ICOMPOUNDSI
• used PHONETically for ro
MS furo bath
InS goro sound harmony
iroha iroha, the Japanese syllabary
[alphabet]
1386
H2-3-4
► FOOT
► SUFFICE
SOKU ashi ta(riru) ta(ru) ta(su)
[Ю tari
	Joyo-1	S7-7-0	K3413
157	A0358	®2188	U8DB3
...1...2....3.....4...5.....6....7...
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] foot, leg
© travel on foot, walk, run
a SM sokuseki footprint, footmark; the course
of one's life, one's achievements
ЙаЕ gisoku artificial leg
46S dasoku superfluity, redundancy
b JE^j sokurd trouble of going somewhere
ЖаЕ ensoku excursion, hike, long walk
hossoku (=hassoku) starting, inaugura-
tion
chbsokunoshinpo rapid prog-
ress [strides]
0 counter for pairs of FOOTwear, as shoes,
slippers or socks
Wt—kutsu issoku a pair of shoes
© suffice, be enough, be adequate
SIaE manzoku satisfaction, contentment
TaE fusoku insufficiency, shortage, deficit;
want; dissatisfaction
Й aE jisoku self-sufficiency
0 supplement
ffiJE hosoku supplement, replenishment
Й/E jusoku sufficiency
[KUN]
[ashi S]
O0 leg, limb; foot, paw
© (leg-shaped support) leg
a aEJB< ashikoshi legs and loins
лЕНГ ashikubi ankle
ST ashimoto gait, pace, step
TaE teashi hands and feet, limbs
b ШОаЕ tsukue no ashi legs of a table
00 [also suffix] walking, traveling
© step, stride
a TMS chidoriashi tottering gait
b —S hitoashi a step
© movement, pace
HjaE deashi start
[tariru	suffice, be sufficient
[enough]; serve, answer, do; be satisfied
[content]
T H T aE 0 <5 Sen'en de tariru A thousand
yen will suffice
1385-1386
512
'Sit? лё 0 3 michitariru be content, have
enough, be happy
ЧЙлЕТ££И monotarinai be somehow un-
satisfied, feel something wanting; be un-
satisfactory
[taru лёЗ] literary or dialect form of tariru лё
03
SJH'bTfc shitatarazu na lisping; lame
(expression)
[tasu ST] add; supplement, make up for
SLM tashizan addition
1йсГлёТ tsugitasu add, extend
[SPECIAL READINGS]
лёз§ tabi Japanese [digitated] socks, tabi
IHOMOPHONESI
ashi Щ1 LEG =>0664
1387
В2-3-4
► PRESENT
TEI
□	Joyo	S7-3-4	K3672
30	D1720	®2189	U5448
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] present (a gift), give
JH_b teijo presentation
1HJeT3 shinteisuru proffer, present
ШН.ТЗ kinteisuru present, make a pres-
ent
Жзе. zdtei presentation
ЖЛ11И annaishotei presentation of a
guidebook
© (offer to view) present, show, display, exhibit
Je7KT3 teijisuru exhibit, present
teishiki color, coloring
rotei exposure, disclosure
► VILLAGE
YU Ц] mura о 6 sato kuni
1388
В2-3-4
в	Names	S7-7-0	K4524
163	D2448	®2190	U9091
3-4 В
,	------------------------------------2
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф VILLAGE, town; fief
Sb toyQ city, town
—1—*•	► RED SEKI SHAKU aka aka- aka(i) aka(ramu) aka(rameru)			
				
1389 H2-3-4	ft 155	Joyo-1	S7-7-0	K3254
		B0545	®2193	U8D64
□
±
±
&
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 red, crimson, scarlet
© red, Communist
a SSH shakudd gold-copper alloy
sekigaisen infrared rays
sekiri dysentery
STT sekijuji Red Cross
S®T3 sekimen suru blush [turn red]
(with shame), feel ashamed
sekishoku red; Communism
SILT3 sekka (=sekika) suru turn red; go
Communist
b SW sekigun Red Army
0 equator
S1K sekido equator
«<
5
Я
[KUN]
[aka SJ red, crimson, scarlet
akachan baby
akasen red-light district
ST akaji deficit, red figures
SA>tt akanbo baby
ST akagane copper
[aka- S-J [prefix] red
S ЖЙ akadenwa red public phone
[akai S J red, crimson, scarlet
[akaramu S bti] become red
S 6 /viz akaranda ruddy, florid
[akarameru S G £)3 ] blush, REDden
Ж S b 3 kao о akarameru blush,
change color
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Ж о S makka deep red
513
1387-1389
В 3-4
2 .	--------------
IHOMQPHONESI
акадапе
ft COPPER =>®1721
г-t	=>1389
akai £С crimson =>®1277
~h akaramu id bright =>0572
1390
H2-3-4
► RUN
SO hashi(ru) Щ hashiri
	Jdyd-2	S7-7-0	K3386
156	B0640	«2194	U8D70
1	2	3
]=* ICOMPOUNDSl
n. О [original meaning] run, dash, rush
7$^ sdsha runner
Я ЯИГтЁ gochiso feast, treat
Xk WSfixхЁШ gochisosama Thank you (for the
meal)/l've enjoyed the meal
Ъ honsdsuru bustle about, exert
oneself for, devote oneself to
kyoso race, sprint
dokusd running alone; easy victory,
walkover
0 RUN away, flee
ЖЙЕ tdsb flight, escape
dassdsuru desert, escape
© travel by vehicle or craft, drive, sail
sokd traveling, driving
ИЬаЁ boso reckless driving; running wild
kassbro runway
Л/ё hanso sailing by boat
[KUN]
[hashiru ] run, dash, rush; drive, ride
zt: V hashiri season's first supply (of toma-
toes); running; dialect sink
dE 0 Jr cf hashirigaki running script, cursive
writing
yonjukkirode
tsuppashiru fly along at 40 kph
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЙВхЁ shiwasu December
1391
В2-3-4
► SELL
BAI u(ru) u(reru)
±	Jdyd-2	S7-3-4	K3968
33л	A0183	®2196	U58F2
\ — i
‘ 07^ 7U
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] sell
© sale
а Я Ж baibai buying and selling, trade
baiten booth, stand; store
ТЁЙ baikyaku sale
tE# baishun prostitution
ЙтЕ shdbai trade, business, commerce
ЖтЕ hanbai sale, selling, marketing
'b hatsubaisuru sell, put on the mar-
ket
b IPtE sokubai sale on the spot, spot sale
t^fyE tokubai special sale, bargain sale
[kun]
[uru 9E<5]sELL
tEO uri sale, selling
yE 0 _h W uriage sales, proceeds
yE Hj'T uridasu put on sale; rise in fame
0 Wtl urikire sellout; sold out
yE 0 urikireru be sold out, go out of
stock
0 urikomu sell, market; push (one's
wares); become well known
yE *9 Ш uriba (place where something is sold)
counter, sales floor, shop
tE 0 Ф urite seller
ФтЕ V kauri retail, sale in small quantities
flJyE 0 oroshiuri wholesale
[ureru yEtl<5] sell, be in demand, enjoy a
large sale
ureyuki sales, demand
1392
В2-3-4
► ONE
ICHI [&] i kazu hajime
Joyo	S7-3-4	KI 677
D2359	<8)2197	U58F1
1390-1392
514
3-4 В
ICOMPOUNDSI
• one—used in legal documents and checks
FJ til kin issen sanbyaku-en
nari one thousand three hundred yen
1393
B2-3-4
► VOICE
SEI SHO koe kowa-
±	Joyo-2	S7-3-4	K3228
33*	A0387	®2198	U58F0
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] voice, sound
F* 1Ж seicho tone of voice, style; tone (in Chi-
nese phonetics)
seitai vocal cords
#Ж onsei voice, sound
ИЖ hassei vocalization, utterance
8ЙЖ jQsei sound of gunfire
ШеЖрд giseigo onomatopoeic word
ta Ж daionjd very loud voice
О speak out, announce, declare
ЖВД seimei declaration
ЖЙ seien shout ofencouragement, cheer-
ing; support
Жв seiyu radio actor; dialogue speaker (in
dubbing)
© reputation
ЖЯ seika reputation, fame
&Ж meisei fame, reputation
[KUN]
[koe Ж, kowa- Ж-] [also suffix] voice, sound,
cry
dokushanokoe reader's voice
Ш(Ж utagoe singing (voice)
ЖЖ dgoe loud voice
Ш Ж Ж kakegoe shout to mark time, shout of
encouragement
1394
H2-3-4
2
► AMBITION
SHI kokoroza(su) kokorozashi
-L?	Jbyo-5	S7-4-3	K2754
61	B0754	®2199	U5FD7
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
OO ambition, aim, intention, purpose, aspi-
ration, desire, wishes
© [original meaning] have ambition to, in-
tend, aim, aspire to
а ЖЕМЖ-?) shigansuru volunteer, apply for
ЖЖ risshi fixing one's aim in life
Ж taishi lofty ambition, aspiration
Й1Ж shoshi original aim [intention]
ЖЖФ yushino voluntary, interested
(ЖЙ shiko intention, aim
ЖЖ shishi noble-minded patriot
0 will, mind, purpose, determination
USЖ toshi fighting spirit, will to fight
ЙЖ ishi will, volition
ИЖ doshi like-minded person, comrade
ififi ishi wishes of a deceased person
[KUN]
[kokorozasu ЖТ] aim, have an ambition
for, intend, aspire
^И^ЖТ gakumon nikokorozasu set
one's heart on learning
[kokorozashi Ж] ambition, aspiration,
intention, desire, wish; will, mind
Wil О Ж seiun no kokorozashi high [lofty]
ambition
1395	7k	Jdyd-5	S7-4-3	КЗО82
H2-3-4	75	A0432	®2200	U6761
V	?	p 1	2	3	4	5		6	7	
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
□
±
±
%.
«<
E
Я
OO article, item, section, clause
© (written regulations) articles (of law),
515
1393-1395
В 3-4
2---------------------------------------------------
provision, stipulation, rule, law
G counter for articles or sections
a Joko articles (and clauses), terms
§ jdmoku article, stipulation
joken condition; item, proviso
~h Ж	Ш cT'T<5 kajogaki suru itemize
±	1 и	shinjo principle, creed, article of a relig-
L* ion
kyojd tenet, dogma
;.l; b jobun text (of a regulation), provision
joyaku treaty
м/	jorei regulations, rules, law
zenjd preceding article
с	kenpodaikyujd Article 9 of the
constitution
hyakusanjo 103 articles (of a consti-
tution)
-+»- 00 strip, stripe, streak, vein, line, groove,
thread
© strip of material (esp. metal), rod, rail
а jokon streak
seijdki the Stars and Stripes
b tetsujomo barbed wire entangle-
ments
kijo rails
1396
Я2-3-4
► COMPLETE
KAN ID tamotsu yutaka hiroshi
sada
Joyo-4	S7-3-4	K2016
B0657	02201	U5B8C
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (having all its parts intact) complete, perfect,
whole, full, intact
kanzenna perfect, complete, whole
kanpekina perfect, flawless
kanbishita fully-equipped, perfect,
complete
kantosuru pitch a whole game
капрй complete blockade [seal]; base-
ball shutout
0O (bring to a final stage) complete, conclude,
finish, end
© be coMPLETEd, come to an end
а	kanseisuru complete, finish; be
completed, be finished
тейп kanketsu completion, conclusion, finish
kansuisuru execute successfully,
accomplish, bring to completion
b	kanrydsuru complete, finish; be
completed, be finished
mikanno incomplete, unfinished
► GRAND
KO ID hiro hiroshi hiromu atsu
1397
H2-3-4
	Names	S7-3-4	K2508
40	C1151	02202	U5B8F
ICOMPOUNDSl
© (large in scale) grand, great, magnificent
kosona grand, magnificent, impos-
ing
► STUDY EXHAUSTIVELY
KYO kiwa(meru)
1398 |Лрбуб-3| S7-5-2 I K2170
В 2-3-4 |11б|А03б9| 02203 U7A76
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О study exhaustively, investigate thor-
oughly, delve into, go to the bottom of
куйте/suru investigate, study
kyQri study of natural laws
кепкуй research, study
tsuikyusuru investigate thor-
oughly, inquire into
даккуй scholar, student
tankyu investigation, search, inquiry
0 reach the extreme, reach the very end
куйкуокипо ultimate, final
[kun]
[kiwameru	investigate thoroughly,
study exhaustively, master
ogi о kiwameru master the
secrets of an art
IHOMOPHONESI
kiwameru
1396-1398
516
3-4
ffi EXTREME =>0695
Й BE IN EXTREMITY =>1525
> ft ► MODEL
R “°
1399	Я	Joyo	S7-4-3 K305?
В 2-3-4	130 D1901 ®2205 U8096
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] (make a model of) model,
imitate
И Ш shozd portrait, likeness
H2-3-4	incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>see B2-5-3: at 1625
H2-3-4	incorrect classification =>see B2-5-2: at 1619
► NATURAL CALAMITY
SAI wazawa(i)
1400
H2-3-4
X	Jdyd-5	S7-4-3	K2650
86	B0982	®2206	U707D
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] natural calamity, disas-
ter, misfortune, serious trouble
sainan calamity, disaster, accident, mis-
fortune
л&Ш saika accident, natural calamity, disaster,
misfortune
saigai calamity, disaster, accident
saiyaku calamity, disaster, accident
kasai fire, conflagration
tensai natural calamity [disaster]
jinsai man-made calamity
sensai war damage
hisaichi disaster stricken area
[kun]
[wazawai И ] calamity, misfortune, disas-
ter, evil, serious trouble
wazawai suru be the ruin of (a
person)
V fusoku no wazawai unex-
pected disaster
IHOMQPHONESI
wazawai Ш calamity =>®1030
En [ □ -H -H J5< -£
|	► MOURNING ► ABHOR				М/
J P	KI i(mu) i(mi) i(mawashii)				n,
1401	v	Joyo	S7-4-3	K2087	«<
H2-3-4	61	D2006	®2207	U5FCC	
рфЭДЁ 1	2	3	i'Ts 4	Г|а.Т 	5		6	7			1	I
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О mourning, mourning period
kichu in mourning
3 f kibiki absence from work [school]
due to mourning
kifuku mourning
О [also suffix] death anniversary
0 kinichi death anniversary
isshuki first anniversary of death
dtdki Death Anniversary of Dazai
Osa mu
[KUN]
[imu (regard with horror) abhor, loathe,
detest, hate
imikirau abhor, detest
imubeki detestable, abominable
[imi MOURNING
0 imibi death anniversary; unlucky day
[imawashii	disgusting,detest-
able
imawashiijiken abomi-
nable incident
517
1399-1401
В 3-4
2
□
±
1402
Н2-3-4
► LOTUS
FU Ц] hasu
-H-	Names	S7-3-4	K4171
140	D2255	02208	U8299
-j- IcompoundsI
* •h°Ius
fuyd cotton rose; lotus
'"ц‘ HUlW fuyoho Mt. Fuji ("lotus-shaped
mountain")
М/
-H-
«<
s 1403
* H2-3-4
► ART
GEI
-++-	Jdyd-4	S7-3-4	K2361
140	B0702	02209	U82B8
Я
1234567
ICOMPOUNDSI
О art, craft, skill
geijutsu art, the arts
ИЖ geigoto artistic accomplishments
kogei technical art, technology
KH mingei folkcraft
shugei handicrafts, manual arts
SH gigei arts, crafts, accomplishments
bungei literature, literary art, art and
literature
gakugei arts and sciences; culture
Tageiwamugei Jack-of-all-
trades and master of none
© [also suffix] entertainment, performance,
show business, acting
НЙь geind public entertainment
geisha geisha girl
geimei stage name
HA geinin artiste, entertainer
НЖ geifu style (of one's performance)
]f(H engei performance, entertainments
4zjAH meijingei masterly performance, vir-
tuosity
А® И daidogei street performing
© [original meaning] plant, cultivate
OH engei gardening, horticulture
[INDEPENDENT!
[gei H] art, craft, artistic accomplishment;
trick, feat, stunt
И kt S Й	Gei wa mi о tasuku Accom-
plishments are a lifelong benefit to their
possessor
H	gei о suru inu dog that knows
[does] tricks
1404
H2-3-4
► FRAGRANT
HO kanba(shii) Ц] yoshi kaoru
kaori ka
ч-ь	Joyo	S7-3-4	K4307
140	C1436	02210	U82B3
2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSI
© fragrant, aromatic, balmy
HU hdko perfume, fragrance, aroma
hoki fragrant scent
И Ж hoso fragrant herb
НтШШ hojunna aromatic, rich
[KUN]
[kanbashii И LH] fragrant, aromatic;
favorable, fair
L < kanbashiku nai poor, unfavor-
able; disgraceful
1405
B2-3-4
► FLOWER
KA hana
-++-	Joyo-1	S7-3-4	KI 854
140	A0462	02211	U82B1
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
1.d'JL
© [original meaning] flower, blossom
ТЁЙ kadan flower bed
kaben (=hanabira) petal
ИЖ kabin flower vase
TEW' kafun pollen
StE кокка national flower
4L zbka artificial flower; artificial flower
making
1402-1405
518
3-5
ПЯТЁТЪ kaikasuru flower, blossom, come
into bloom
jinchoge (=chinchdge) (sweet-
smelling) daphne
[KUN]
[hana 7Ё]
О [also prefix] flower, blossom; cherry blos-
som
0 flower arrangement
a hanami flower [cherry blossom] viewing
hanayome bride
hanabi fireworks, firecrackers
ЖтЁ kusabana flowering plant
b 4э4Ё ohana flower arrangement
IHOMOPHONESI
hana В MAGNIFICENT =>1465
1406
И2-3-4
► JAPANESE PARSLEY
KIN GON seri
140	Names	S7-3-4	K2260
	D2162	@2211.5	U82B9
S W ninja ancient spy who mastered ninjutsu
[kun]
[shinobu SLK]
О bear, endure, suffer, stand, put up with
shinobigatai unbearable, intoler-
able
Ecn [ +H -К К rb <
00 conceal oneself, hide
© perform by stealth, steal one's way to (a
lover)
а Ж £5 shinobi stealing (into); art of mystifica-
tion; incognito, traveling incognito
b shinobiashi tiptoeing, stealthy steps
shinobikomu steal in, sneak in
shinobiyaka na stealthy, secret iti
[shinobaseru	] vtconceal, secrete
У ЬIZ. У Ж I'i'ti’ b poketto ni
naifu о shinobaseru conceal a knife in
one's pocket
IHOMOPHONESI
Shinobu ® RECOLLECT =>0103	jj*
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-5: at 1288
[kun]
[seri ff] JAPANESE parsley, Oenanthe
stolonifera, dropwort
orandazeri parsley
1407
H2-3-4
► BEAR
NIN shino(bu) shino(baseru)
[Ц oshi
-С?	Joyo	S7-4-3	K3906
61	D1689	@2212	U5FCD
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О bear, endure, tolerate, suffer patiently
nintaisuru persevere, be patient,
endure
jS'S: ninju submission, resignation
SUf ninku endurance, stoicism
0 perform by stealth, practice the art of mak-
ing oneself invisible
Ж Ж ninjutsu art of making oneself invisible
ninpd art of making oneself invisible
H2-3-4
1408
H2-3-5
► GOOD FORTUNE
► HAPPINESS
KO saiwa(i) sachi shiawa(se)
Ц] yuki miyuki saki yoshi
T	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K2512
51	B0759	@2216	U5E78
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] good fortune, good luck
0 happiness, well-being, felicity
а	koun good fortune, good luck
shakoshin speculative spirit
b	kofuku happiness; good fortune
hakkd unhappiness; sad fate, misfor-
tune
fuko unhappiness; misfortune; be-
reavement
tako great happiness; great fortune
[kun]
[saiwai happiness, blessing;good
519
1406-1408
L 40	]
В 3-5
fortune
saiwaina happy, blessed
saiwai ni fortunately, luckily
[sachi happines! ; good fortune
Ъ sachiaru happy, fortunate, lucky
[shiawase happiness, blessing; good
fortune
shiawase na happy, fortunate
fushiawase unhappiness, misfortune,
ill luck
М/ IHOMQPHONESI
shiawase	=>0021,1274
1409
H2-3-5
© [original meaning] rush, rush about, run fast,
gallop, hurry
honsdsuru bustle about, exert
oneself for, devote oneself to
honryu torrent, rapids
honto price jump, boom
honba galloping horse
Ъ kyohonsuru rush around, run
madly about, run wild; make frantic ef-
forts, be very busy (in)
tdhon-seiso suru be on the
run, bustle about, bestir oneself
► UNUSUAL
KI
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K2081
37	C1419	02217	U5947
1411
В2-3-5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О unusual, strange, odd, extraordinary,
queer, eccentric
WSZ£ kiina unusual, strange
WA kijin eccentric (person), queer [odd] fel-
low
Wfcl'fc kimydna strange, queer, odd
WKF kiseki miracle, wonder
Wwfe kidan strange story
3^W& chinkina novel, curious; rare; strange
'IHW kaiki mystery, wonder
W;L? kokishin curiosity
0 beautiful, gorgeous, elegant
WStfc kireina beautiful, pretty; clean; fair
© math odd, odd number
WS kisu odd number
ISPECIAL READINGS]
WH sukiya tea-ceremony arbor
1410
H2-3-5
► RUSH
HON
*	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4359
37	D1985	®2218	U5954
ICOMPOUNDSl
► MENCIUS
МО Ц] take takeshi takeru
tsutomu hajime osa haru
► PHONETIC [na]
NA NAI
	Names	S8-3-5	K3864
37	B0735	02219	U5948
© used PHONETically for na, esp. in the trans-
literation of foreign words
naraku Hell; trap cellar
nad Napoleon
kanada Canada
1412
В2-3-5
	Names	S8-3-5	K4450
39	D2114	®2220	U5B5F
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф MENCIUS
moshi Mencius; the works of Mencius
komo no oshie the teachings of
Confucius and Mencius
1413
В2-3-5
► SPACE
► MIDAIR
CHU OU hiroshi
Jdyd-6	S8-3-5	K3572
C1182	02221	U5B99
1409-1413
520
3-5
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 (expanse of the universe) space, outer space,
heavens
© (point above the ground) midair, air, space
a E& uchu universe, cosmos; (outer) space
b 0 chQnori aerial stunts
Ш 0 chuzuri hanging in midair
chugaeri somersault
1414
H2-3-5
► RIGHT
Gl yoro(shii)A yoro(shiku)A
IU yoshi nobu nori
Joyo	S8-3-5	K2125
D1634	02223	U5B9C
I I IП R Й IkI
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 right, just right, appropriate, suitable,
opportune, good
bengi convenience, facility
ЙЙ tekigi suitableness, appropriateness;
suitably
Hfll jigi right time [occasion], proper time
[kun]
[yoroshii Й lz И] all right, well; all right,
OK (in answer to a request)
Й LzZ^O tz 6 yoroshikattara if you like; if
you don't mind
lz~C Й L И shite mo yoroshii may (do),
may as well (do), have a right (to do)
[yoroshiku Й lz < ] properly, suitably, as
one thinks fit; one's regards, one's best wishes
Й L < yoroshiku yaru do at one's own
discretion; make cozy with
Yoroshikuotsutae
kudasai Please send my best regards
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж proclaim =>1440
J
1415
H2-3-5
► TREASURE
HO takara taka
Jdyd-6	S8-3-5	K4285
C1134	®2224	U5B9D
- -- 'T Tii
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 treasure, treasured object
© (something very valuable) treasure, heirloom
a ®[S hoko treasure house, treasury
Ж 5 hoseki gemjewel
zaiho treasure, valuables; riches, wealth
Ж JI juho (=chdhd) priceless treasure
b Bl® kokuho national treasure
Ж® kaho family treasure, heirloom
ЖД hoten thesaurus, treasury of words; pre-
cious book
[KUN]
[takara ® ] treasure, precious thing; riches,
wealth, money
takaramono treasure
ЖЖХ takarakuji public lottery
lz takarasagashi treasure hunt
takarajima treasure island
1416
H2-3-5
► REAL
JITSU mi mino(ru) Ц] sane michi
	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K2834
40	A0079	®2225	U5B9F
O0 [also prefix] real, actual, true
© REALity,fact, truth
a Ъ jisshisuru carry out, enforce, exe-
cute
jitsugensuru realize, materialize
jikken experiment
jitsuryoku real ability [power], capability,
competence
ЖЖ jisseki (actual) result, positive
achievements
521
1414-1416
В 3-5
7	----------------------------------------
jippi actual expenses, cost price
jitsumei one's real name
jisshakai actual world
.	jissai truth, reality; actual state; practice
-L- b jijitsu fact, reality; as a matter of fact
genjitsu actuality, reality
kakujitsuna certain, sure, reliable;
sound, solid
ЖЖ shinjitsu truth, reality
© practical
Ж ffl jitsuyo practical use, utility
4/ iJlfflMffl jitsuydtekina practical
4SZ jitsumu practical business
ЖЙ jitsugi practical technique [skill]
ш © substance, contents
-H-*	^0^ LZt jujitsushita full, complete, rich
'ЙЖ jojitsu private circumstances, personal
consideration; favoritism
□ Ж kojitsu excuse, pretext, pretense
.. 0 faithfulness, sincerity, fidelity
*-* ЖЙЖ jitchokuna upright, honest, steady
setsujitsu na acute, keen, earnest-
urgent
seijitsuna sincere, honest, faithful
chujitsuna faithful, devoted, honest
© fruit
Ж Ж kajitsu fruit, berry
ketsujitsu suru bear fruit; be suc-
cessful, achieve success
menjitsu cottonseed
[INDEPENDENT!
[jitsu REALity, fact, truth
jitsuni truly, surely
Ж & jitsu wa to tell the truth, the fact is
[KUN]
[mi Ж J fruit, nut, berry, seed
^0^ kino mi nut, berry
[minoru 'b ] bear fruit, ripen
Ж 0 minori crop, ripening
Й fe^ffl minoranakatta
doryoku fruitless [resultless] efforts
IHOMOPHONESI
minoru RIPEN =>0815
minori ripen =>0815
1417
И2-3-5
► GOVERNMENT
► GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL
KAN
Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K2017
A0190	®2226	U5B98
. I Т.Г
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] government, court
Ж ffl kanbo secretariat
W® kantei official residence
1=Пт kancho government office [agency]
ШЧЙ kanryd government official(s); bureauc-
racy, officialdom
ЖШ0 kanseino government manufactured
ИПЁ kanri government official
kanjo court lady
© [also suffix] government official, officer
fiHr chokan director, administrator, chief
WW keikan police officer, policeman
jikan vice-minister, undersecretary
saibankan judge
fjBcW gyoseikan executive [administrative]
official
0 organ (of the body)
kikan (body) organ
1418
В2-3-5
► SKY
► AIR
► EMPTY
KU sora a(ku) a(ki) a(keru) kara
muna(shii)A
	Joyo-1	S8-5-3	K2285
116	A0333	®2227	U7A7A
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 sky, heavens, the air, space
© (space where aircraft operate) air, airspace
а хФТ kuchu de in the air [sky]
zc-Ih! кйкап space, room
tenkQ sky, air, firmament, heavens
кокй empty space, sky
b ЖЖ-Jbzci tokydjoku the skies of Tokyo
1417-1418
522
3-5
ffi^E кбкй aviation, aerial navigation
fftlzt-tfi seiku ken command of the air
0 AiRcraft, airplane
кйкд airport
kOgun airforce
^$00 кйуи air transportation
kOro air route, airway
О AIR
ЕпЖ kOki air; atmosphere
ЕпрЙ kOcho air conditioning
EtUEE kOatsu air [pneumatic] pressure
0 [original meaning] empty, vacant, unoccupied,
blank
^Ж kOsha vacant taxi, empty car
zt-ЙЙ kOho blank shot [cartridge]
Й kuhaku blank, empty space; void, vac-
uum
ziEJ® kOseki vacant seat; vacancy
Ж^Е shinku vacuum
0 (insubstantial) empty, void, vain, idle, futile,
meaningless
ziEKul kOkyo emptiness, voidness; inanity
ze-JB kOso fancy, fantasy; imagination
ziEoffl kOron abstract [impractical] theory
3iJt kiihi waste
[KUN]
[sora 'Ж1
О sky, heavens; the skies, the air
zr-fe sorairo sky blue
zc Ж sora о tobu fly in the air
в ziE kumorizora cloudy sky [weather]
0 weather
ziEtStH soramoyo weather
Ф <51 onnagokoro to aki no sora
woman's heart and autumn weather (are
both fickle)
[aku S<]
О become vacant, become vacated [empty]
<51 V И <5 aite iru heya vacant room
0 become free [unoccupied]
faiBxf Pel /0^V *T H %) Watashi wajikan
ga aite iru I have time to spare
[aki
О gap, aperture, space; vacancy; free time
cf	akiо umeru fill a gap
0 [prefix] vacant, empty
Е^Е^Ж akiya vacant house
zt-cSfEf akikan empty can
[akeru
О empty, clear, vacate, clear out
дКИ	heya о akeru clear a room
0 leave space, make room
—*^?iE W'b ichijiakeru leave a space
(between words)
0 bore, make a hole
Л ziE	ana о akeru make a hole
[kara Ж]
О emptiness, vacancy, hollow
EiEO kara no empty, vacant, hollow
karappo empty, hollow
Е1ЕЖ karate karate; empty hand
0 [prefix] (void of content) empty
Ecjfi karabin empty bottle
[munashii 'ЖЬИ]
00 EMPTY, void
0 vain, futile
a	munashisa emptiness, futility
Ес	munashiimeisei empty name
b	?Ji L < doryoku mo munashiku
after efforts in vain
0 dead, lifeless
ziE L munashiku naru die, expire
IHOMQPHONESI
aku
ВД BRIGHT =>0572
Й OPEN =>2092
aki ВД BRIGHT =>0572
akeru
ВД BRIGHT =>0572
Й OPEN =^2092
kara ях shell =>1000
munashii Й5 void =>03237
1419
H2-3-5
► RELIGIOUS SECT
SHU SO munev Щ типа moto
toki
Joyo-6	S8-3-5	K2901
C1014	02228	U5B97
2	3	4	5
523
1419
В 3-5
2 . ~	:-----------------------------------
IcompoundsI
0 religious sect (esp. Buddhist), denomina-
tion
© suffix after names of religious sects
0 religion
а тгЖ shuha religious sect, denomination
в shushi tenets of a religious sect;
(religious) sect
b jodoshu Jodo sect (of Buddhism)
л-ч	tendaishu Tendai sect (of Buddhism)
с zkS shukyd religion, faith, creed
4,z	kaishu conversion; proselytism
IHOMOPHONESI
,,, типе s PURPORT =>1278
1420
tt B2-3-5
► FIX
TEI JO sada(meru) sada(maru)
sada(ka) ® sada sadamu sadao
yasu
	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K3674
40	A0056	02229	U5B9A
1 t X.
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
IcompoundsI
O0 Fix, determine, decide, set, settle
0 lay down, prescribe, establish
а дЕ kettei decision, settlement, conclusion
®ГЙЕ dantei decision, conclusion
~itteisuru fix, define, unify
® ЙЕТ%> kakuteisuru make a definite deci-
sion, decide upon; be decided
^Т'дЕ yotei schedule, plan, prearrangement;
expectation; estimate
5ЙЕ hitei denial, negation
fs ЙЕ shitei designation, appointment
WJaeE kanjo calculation; account, settlement
of accounts
b ®1ЙЕ7Г<5 seiteisuru establish, enact
Й1дЕ kitei regulations, rules; provisions
ЙЙЕ kydtei agreement, pact
00 (firmly in position) Fixed, stationary
© [also prefix] [original meaning] (unchanging)
Fixed, definite, regular, constant
а дЕЯв teichaku fixing, fastening, fixation
ЙЕ'?#Ж teikassha fixed pulley
H ЙЕ”<Г<5 kotei suru fix, settle, be fixed
b ЙЕШ teika fixed [set] price
ЙД teiin fixed number of regular personnel;
capacity
ЙЕ1Я teiki fixed term; fixed deposit; com-
muter's pass; regular, periodic
дЕЙ1^ teikiken commuter's pass
дЕ^ teikyu regular holiday
ЙЕЛ 0 teikyubi regular holiday
дЕ?8( teisu fixed number, constant
ЙЕ fl ll teisoku established rule
ЙЕЙ1 teikoku regular [appointed] time
дЕ1£> teikei fixed form
ЙЕ1з£ teishoku day's special, table d'hote
SSELZz. anteishita stable, steady, firm;
calm
© as it is; without fail
annojd as feared, sure enough
[KUN]
[sadameru дЕ^6<5] fix, determine, decide,
set
дЕ&З sadame law; decision; destiny, karma;
certainty
дЕ&31> sadameshi surely
ЙЙЕЙ>-Ь misadameru make sure of, ascer-
tain
[sadamaru дЕ1£ <51 be decided, be settled
ЙЕ ^3 sadamari custom, rule; tranquility
дЕ o Zz ШрЯ sadamatta basho specified
place
дЕ	6 Z£ V	sadamaranai tenki
changeable weather
[sadaka дЕ^>]
sadakana ЙЕ#>Х£ certain, positive
дЕЙЧ^Е sadakani clearly
1421
H 2-3-5
► DASH
► THRUST
TOTSU tsu(ku)
	Joyo	S8-5-3	K3845
116	B0651	®2230	U7A81
ICOMPOUNDSI
О dash forward, thrust, charge
tosshinsuru dash [rush] forward,
push ahead
1420-1421
524
3-5
5cftl^Ъ tokkan suru charge at, make a
dash at (the enemy's position)
5!A’3~<?> totsunydsuru dash into, thrust
into, rush into
5cl8'T<b totsugekisuru charge at, make a
dash at (the enemy's position)
5сЙ&”7Г;5 toppasuru break [smash] through;
surmount; exceed
0 (strike with violence) dash against, collide,
crash against
shdtotsusuru collide (with), crash
(into); conflict [clash] (with)
;й5с’<Г^) tsuitotsu suru collide with from
behind
Ж 5! gekitotsu crash, collision
© protruding, projecting, sticking out
tosshutsu suru project, protrude,
stick out, jut out
5ciS tokki projection, protuberance
5c Й1 tottan tip, point
5c Йе tottei pier, breakwater
0 abruptly, suddenly, unexpectedly
5c^$ totsuzen abruptly, suddenly, unexpect-
edly
5c totsujo suddenly, unexpectedly
5c JU toppu squall, sudden gust
5сЖ& toppina wild, extravagant, extraor-
dinary
Ж 5c [31 tototsuni abruptly
© chimney
Й?5с entotsu chimney, smokestack
[KUN]
[tsuku 5;<]
О (penetrate with a pointed end) thrust, pierce,
stab, prick
tsukisasu stab, pierce, thrust
5c cT ST tsukikorosu stab to death
Ш tsukinuku pierce through
5сс!’ЙН'<5 tsukinukeru go [push, thrust]
through, penetrate
5cgT®'5 tsukiyaburu break [smash]
through, pierce
ffix tatetsuku oppose, defy; rebel
0 (strike forcibly with a pointed end) thrust,
push, give a push [thrust]; poke, strike (a
bell)
cf tsuki thrust, push; lunge
5c сГ ШЖ tsukidasu thrust out, push out;
push out of a sumo ring
5c cf ТсЪ tsukiataru hit against, run into;
come to the end of (a street)
5c of Zl 0 tsukiatari end [bottom] of a
street
5cо lit? tsukkomu thrust in, ram into, stuff
into; dash [run] into
5c О Ш	tsukkakeru slip on, slip into
(slippers)
flg 5c < капе о tsuku strike a bell
W >h H-1 МД
IHOMOPHONESI
tsuku W COLLIDE =^®725	М/
► STILL
► VALUE HIGHLY
SHO naoA Ц] hisa hisashi taka
takashi masa
1422
М/	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3016
42	C1426	®2233	U5C1A
’ " 'VMM
tt
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О still, yet
fn]-?-(Z) shdsono premature
0 value highly, esteem, be enthusiastically
devoted
shdbu militarism, warlike spirit
[KUN]
[nao ft]
Ф (in increasing degree) still (more), all the
more
© further, in addition, by the way
a	nao no koto all the more, still more
ГЙ-nao isso waruikoto wa
what is worse still
Z. (7У%in] Д H Kono ho ga nao yoi This is
still better
b fp] J? naosara still more, all the more
ГЙХ naomata further, besides
ЙДО naokatsu and yet
[HOMOPHONES]
nao Ж DELAY =>0449
incorrect classification
=^>see Я2-5-3: at 1625
H2-3-5
525
1422
1423
B2-3-5
► ROCK
GAN iwa IS iwao
	Jdyd-2	S8-3-5	K2068
46	B0730	02235	U5CA9
W > * H- J
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [also suffix] [original meaning] rock
м/ C-H ganseki rock
ЙЙ ganso rock formation
gansho bedrock
mj S’® gansho reef
Sill gan'en rocksalt
^Clll^q kazangan volcanic rock, lava
TtslSrW kakbgan granite
[KUN]
[iwa hEj ] rock, crag
^lll iwayama rocky mountain
IHOMQPHONESI
iwa
IT =>(8)2850
Й CRAG =>1547
ISPECIAL READINGS]
kashi riverside; fish market
1425
В2-3-5
► THATCH GRASS
BO MYO kaya chigaya [Ц chi
140	Names	S8-3-5	K1993
	D1902	02236.5	U8305
ICOMPOUNDSl
• thatch GRASS such as cogongrass, eulalias
and other gramineous plants
bdoku thatched cottage, hovel; my
humble abode
[KUN]
[kaya IP] cogongrass, eulalias and other
gramineous plants
|Plfx kayabuki roofing with thatch grass
kayato hilly place with a thick cogon-
grass bush
[chigaya IP] cogongrass, alang grass, blady-
grass; Impereta cylindrica
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Д bud =>1429
1424
В 2-3-5
► SHORE
GAN kishi
uu	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K2063
46	B0801	02236	U5CB8
Ч+-
1426
И 2-3-5
► SEEDLING
BYO MYOa пае nawa- Ц] mitsu
tane
-H-	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4136
140	C1507	02237	U82D7
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] shore, bank, coast, beach
ganpeki quay (wall), wharf
й) Яр engan coast, shore
Й5Ж kaigan seashore, (sea) coast, beach
sagan left bank (of a river)
Й'Ж taigan opposite bank [shore]
[KUN]
[kishi shore, bank, coast, beach
&Шkishibe ni ashore, on the shore
[r] Z. mukogishi opposite bank, farther
shore

1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] seedling, sapling, young
plant
myoji surname, family name
Й ES shubyo seedlings, seeds and saplings
[KUN]
[пае й] seedling, sapling
EH/fc naegi sapling, young tree
naedoko seedbed
Д-EH sanae rice sprouts
[nawa- bS-J seedling, rice seedling
ffiKi nawashiro bed for rice seedlings, rice
1423-1426
526
3-5
nursery
1427
В2-3-5
► DISTINGUISHED
► ENGLAND
El hanabusaT Щ hide hideshi
hana suguru akira fusa tsune teru
	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K1749
140	A0396	02238	U82F1
ICOMPOUNDSI
О distinguished, outstanding, excellent,
talented; wise
eiyu hero
5?^" eisai talent, genius; gifted person, tal-
ented person
eidan prompt decision; resolute step
е/ch/ sagacity, wisdom
5?^ eishi gallant figure, majestic appearance
eiki spirit, energy; vigor
00 England, United Kingdom; English,
British
G English (language)
a eikoku England, Great Britain, the U.K.
5?Ж eibei England and America, Anglo-
American
eiryd British territory [possession]
eibungaku English literature
b eigo English
JEIfc eisu English and mathematics
eikaiwa English conversation
eiwa English-Japanese
eibun English; English writing
1428
В2-3-5
► IMPERIAL GARDEN
EN ON sono
	Names	S8-3-5	K1781
140	D1814	02239	U82D1
[COMPOUNDS!
• IMPERIAL GARDEN, garden, park
naien inner garden of the Imperial Palace
jingugaien Outer Gardens of Meiji
Shrine
gyoen Imperial garden
ЙВ?5Ё rokuyaon The Deer Park, Mrgadava
(where Buddha delivered his first ser-
mon)
[kun]
[sono 5Ё] literary
О garden
0 institution
IHOMOPHONESI
sono Й GARDEN =>>2017
W > >Ш J MJ
► bud
GA me [§ mei
-H-	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K1874
140	D1626	02240	U82BD
1429
В2-3-5
0 [original meaning] bud, sprout
J® gaho spore
hatsugasuru bud, sprout, germi-
nate
bakuga wheat germ, malt
haiga embryo bud, germ
[KUN|
[me bud, sprout, germ
mebaeru bud, sprout; begin
shinme sprout, bud, shoot, ratoon
S If wakame young bud
IHOMOPHONESI
me
@ EYE =>1927
IB EYE =>0796
[note]
★do not confuse with thatch grass =>1425
1430
В2-3-5
► YOUNG
JAKU NYAKU waka(i) waka-
mo(shikuwa) mo(shi)A
[£] wakashi
-H—	Joyo-6	S8-3-5	K2867
140	A0449	©2241	U82E5
527
1427-1430
ИЗ-5
2 ,------
ICOMPOUNDSl
О YOUNG
jakunen youth, early age
-[- ЁЦ jakuhai young people; greenhorn
,	rojakudanjo (=rdnyakunannyo)
sZ	people of all ages and both sexes
О somewhat, a certain amount, a little
~F jakkan a number of, some, a little
[KUN]
[wakai young, youthful, younger,
ч/ junior; immature
S $ wakasa youth, youthfulness
wakawakashii youthful, young-
ш	looking
u [waka- [also prefix] young
wakate young man; young official
Swakamono young person [fellow],
youth
wakafdfu young couple
tt [moshikuwa Sb< JI] or, either...or
[moshi L ] if, in case of
L t) moshimo if; the worst
SLZP L/Lb moshikashitara possibly,
perhaps
S	moshikasuruto possibly,
perhaps
1431
H2-3-5
► EGGPLANT
KA KE nasu nasubi
-++*	Names	S8-3-5	K1856
140	D2519	®2241.5	U8304
[kun]
[naSU SB] EGGPLANT
nasu (=nasubi) eggplant
[naSUbi EGGPLANT
3ii"F nasubi (=nasu) eggplant
► STEM
KEI kuki
1432
H2-3-5
-H-	Joyo	S8-3-5	K2352
140	D2005	®2242	U830E
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] stem, stalk
kyukei corn, bulb
chikakei subterranean shoot, root-
stock
[kun]
[kuki H] stem, stalk; long and narrow object
nagai kuki no aru long-
stemmed
zKSE mizuguki writing brush
1433
H2-3-5
► SUFFERING
► BITTER
KU kuru(shii) -guru(shii)
kuru(shimu) kuru(shimeru)
niga(i) niga(ru)
	Jdyd-3	S8-3-5	K2276
140	B0632	®2243	U82E6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 suffering, hardship, pain, distress
0 (characterized by suffering) hard, painful,
distressing
a SW kutsu pain, agony, anguish
SF4X kumon agony, anguish
S'1'й kuno suffering, distress, anguish
SIS kunan suffering, hardship
S^x kujO distress, affliction
b kukyd distressing circumstances, straits
kugai bitter [hard] world; life of prostitu-
tion
kurd difficulties, trouble, hardships, la-
bor
0 hard, energetically
kusen hard fight, desperate battle
S'L? kushin pains, efforts, hard work
kugakusuru study under adversity,
work one's way (through school)
©0 [original meaning] bitter
0 (disagreeable) bitter, unpleasant
a Sft kumi bitter taste
S'lW kujo complaint, grievance
1431-1433
528
3-5
Sff kuhai bitter ordeal
b kusho forced [strained] smile
[KUN]
[kurushii S L И] hard, painful, distressing;
straitened, needy
kurushisa pain, agony; suffering,
hardship
S 1/7^'<5 kurushigaru complain of a pain,
suffer
типе да kurushii have a pain in
one's chest
[-gurushii -S L [verbal suffix] difficult to
bear, disagreeable, unpleasant
JRISLH migurushii dishonorable, unsightly,
jjg|y
M cf S L V kikigurushii disagreeable to
hear, offensive to the ear
MSLH ikigurushii breathe with difficulty;
suffocating, choking
[kurushimu IS LtT] suffer (from), groan; be
troubled, be distressed; be worried
S kurushimi pain, anguish; distress, suf-
fering, hardship
(h CtT shakkin de kurushimu be
distressed with debts
[kurushimeru SLid-Ь]torment,distress,
harass; trouble, worry
oya о kurushimeru cause
one's parents distress
[nigai SH]
0 BITTER
0 (disagreeable) bitter, sour, trying, hard
nigasa bitterness, bitter taste
SHM nigaikusuri bitter medicine
SJ+ nigari bittern, brine
Sft nigami bitter taste
b nigate person that is hard to deal with;
weak point
nigawarai bitter smile
[nigaru S <5 J feel bitter, scowl
IS О Ш nigarigao sour [wry] face
SOW'?) nigarikiru look sour [disgusted]
► JASMINE
MATSU Ц] ma
1434
H2-3-5
44-	Names	S8-3-5	K7193
140	D2943	®2244	U8309
B<N [ -H -К К rb {
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 jasmine, white jasmine
l^^i] matsuri jasmine, Jasminum sambac
matsurika jasmine, Jasminum
sambac
\|Z
	► GROW THICK MO shige(ru) ® shige moto taka				LU
1435 H2-3-5	140	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4448	
		C1090	®2245	U8302	
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8 ICOMPOUNDSl 0 grow thick, grow luxuriantly, be over-					th
grown
ЖЙсТ'?) hanmosuru grow thick, luxuriate
[KUN]
[shigeru S Ъ ] grow thick, be luxuriant, be
overgrown
shigemi thicket, bush
Ф V rS, Ъ oishigeru grow luxuriantly
[thickly]
IHOMOPHONES]
shigeru К thrive =>1826
		► LINEUP HEI nami na(mi) nara(beru) nara(bu) nara(bini)			
					
1436		—	Jdyo-6	S8-1-7	K4234
B2-3-5		F	B0571	®2246	U4E26
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 line up, place in a row, place side by side,
stand in a row
© [original meaning] side by side, in line,
together
529
1434-1436
В 3-5
2 —т--------------------------------------------
а ЗЁЙ heiritsu standing abreast
heiretsu arrangement; row, parallel
b heiko going side by side; occurring
.	together
-*-*• fit heichi juxtaposition, placing side by side
heiyo suru use together [jointly]
/ч [KUN]
[nami й,
O0 medium quality, common run, average
0 [in compounds] ordinary, common, aver-
mz аЭе
a	nami no ordinary, average, mediocre
Й naminiku meat of medium quality
,,, b 3£®(m namiseihin common article, article of
average quality
MHtlT namihazurete extraordinary, un-
commonly
tsukinamina conventional, com-
ZK	monplace; trite, hackneyed
r । 0 row, line
w	namiki row of trees, roadside trees
nokinami row of houses; all round,
across the board
© [also suffix] equal, match, peer
ЛЗЁ0 hitonamino common,ordinary,av-
erage; decent
dbeinamini as in Europe and
America
[naraberu	vt line up, arrange, put
side by side, juxtapose, place in order; display
(goods); set up (chess pieces); enumerate,
itemize
shinamono о naraberu ar-
range goods
gomokunarabe gobang
narabetateru enumerate
[narabu vi line up, form a line, stand
in a row, be parallel
ЗЙ £/ narabi line, row; side
tachinarabu stand in a row; be
equal to
[narabini	and also, besides, and, in
addition
ЙЯИ	Z[U If seibetsu narabini
kokuseki sex and nationality
^=7*- incorrect classification
M|J >=>see H2-2-6: at 1302
В2-3-5
incorrect stroke-count
-4^ =>see Я2-4-5: ft at 1582
В2-3-5
DD
1437
В2-3-6
► ARTICLE
HIN shina
□	Jdyd-3	S9-3-6	K4142
30	A0215	©2248	U54C1
	Г?	U7	V7	О ГГ	C7 a	о	О | XJ \vvi\vv
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix]
0 [original meaning] article, thing
0 article of merchandise, goods, commod-
ity, product
a m^S hinmei name of article
ftm sakuhin (piece of) work, performance,
product
ftm shokuhin food, foodstuff
m ydhin article, supplies
yakuhin medicine, drug; chemicals
ЙЖпд kichohin article of value
shdhin goods, commodities
Шт seihin manufactured goods [articles],
product; refined petroleum products
£Йт nohin delivery of goods; delivered
goods
Жил henpin returning goods; returned goods,
article sent back
ЙЙЖт hakuraihin imported goods
00 grade of excellence, quality, character
0 refinement, grace, elegance, good char-
acter
а тЖ hinshitsu quality
mtt hinsei character
mfe hin'i dignity, grace, nobility; grade, qual-
ity
mt# hinkaku dignity, grace
b _hm johin elegance, refinement
Mm kihin dignity, grace, nobility
0 category, classification, type
m @ hinmoku list of articles [items]
1437
530
ппЯ hinshu kind, variety, description, brand
nnIbO hinshi part of speech
[INDEPENDENT!
thin nnl refinement, grace, elegance, good
character; grade of excellence, quality, char-
acter
ЙЮЙПЛ hinnoyoihito person of re-
fined manners
[kun]
[shina ffl] article, thing; article of mer-
chandise, goods, commodity, product, stock;
quality, grade of excellence
shinamono article, thing, goods
shinagire absence [exhaustion] of
stock
пп Ж V) shina да ii be of good quality
3-6 В
----------------------------------------------- 9
jokyaku passenger, fare
kankyaku audience, spectators
kankokyaku sightseer, tourist, visitor
© object	j-j
kyakkan object; objective
kyakkanteki na objective
0 skilled person, -er, -ian	h-,
kenkyaku swordsman, fencer
kyokaku chivalrous person, self-styled
humanitarian	,,,
shikaku assassin
[independent!
[kyaku visitor, caller, guest; customer,
client	<
okyakusan visitor, caller, guest;
customer, client; spectator; passenger;
outsider
1438
H2-3-6
► ANDROMEDA
KEI KI |£] fumi
Names	S9-3-6	K5287
D2726	©2248.5	U594E
► PROCLAIM
SEN Ц] nobu nori yoshi wataru
1440
H2-3-6
	Jdyd-6	S9-3-6	K3275
40	B0811	<8)2252	U5BA3
1439
H2-3-6
► VISITOR
► CUSTOMER
KYAKU KAKU
z-4	Jdyo-3	S9-3-6	K2150
40	B0576	©2250	U5BA2
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] visitor, caller, guest
Ж A kyakujin caller, visitor, company
kyakushitsu guest room, stateroom
kyakuma drawing room
А Ж raikyaku visitor, guest
5^ Ж chinkyaku unexpected (but welcome)
visitor
0 [also suffix] (one who pays for a product or serv-
ice) customer, client; spectator; passenger
Ж Ж kyakuseki seat (in the theater); passen-
ger seat
kyakusen passenger boat
ЖЙтЕ kyakushobai hotel, restaurant or en-
tertainment business
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (make widely known) proclaim, declare,
announce, publicize
0 (declare in public) proclaim, pronounce,
declare
а Ж1Й senden publicity, propaganda; adver-
tisement
ЖЙ sen куб missionary work
b ЖЖ sengen declaration, proclamation
Ж®с sensen proclamation [declaration] of
war
Ж fl? senpu proclamation, promulgation
Ж fl? senkoku sentence, verdict, pronounce-
ment
Жв sensei oath, swearing, vowing
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж RIGHT =>1414
531
1438-1440
В 3-6
2	►STEAL	
□ 1441 Л joyo	S9-5-4	K3264
В 2-3-6	1 116 I D2162	®2253 U7A83
’ p’	
1	23456789 ICOMPOUNDSl	
UJ • STEAL/ pilfer
-н-	settd theft, larceny
sesshu theft, larceny
' j—►ROOM f	SHITSU muro Щ muroya				
1442 B2-3-6	40	Jdyd-2	S9-3-6	K2828
		A0491	®2254	U5BA4
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] room, chamber,
compartment
0 cave, house
a shitsunai indoors
kydshitsu classroom, class
Й'И koshitsu private room, single room
ЙЖ shinshitsu bedroom
ftl^S washitsu Japanese style room
—ittoshitsu first-class compartment
koishitsu changing room
b onshitsu greenhouse
[KUN]
[muro cellar
murozaki blooming under glass
1443
H2-3-6
► PARDON
YU U nada(meru) Ц] yutaka hiro
iku suke
	Names	S9-3-6	K4508
40	D3161	<8)2254.5	U5BA5
ICOMPOUNDSl
• pardon, excuse, forgive
Ъ yuwasuru forgive and make peace
[KUN]
[nadameru	soothe, calm (someone)
down
W &£> naku ко о nadameru
soothe a crying child
► SINGLE
| I I TAN
1444	>'/ I Joyo-41 S9-3-6 K35V
в2-3-6 42- B0575 ®2256 U5358
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] single, one, lone, uni-, mono-
Ж^& tan'itsuna single, simple, sole, indi-
vidual
ЖЖ tansha motorcycle, motorbike
ЖЙ^ tandokuno single, independent, sole,
lone
Ж'Ё tanshoku single color, monochrome
Ж St tansu gram singular number
Ж1§ tangan one eye, ocellus
ЖЙВ1® tansaibo single cell, one cell
0 simple, uncomplicated, plain
ЖО tanjunna simple, uncomplicated,
plain
ЖЙ tanri simple interest
ЖИц)££ tancho na monotonous, dull
йНЖ^£ kantanna simple, easy, light
О unit
Ж{£ tan'i unit
Ж Я tanka unit cost, unit price
ЖВп tango word
Ж?Е tangen unit
[INDEPENDENT!
[tan ni Ж £ J merely, simply
[tannaru ЖХ£&] mere, simple, sheer
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-5-4:	at 1642
В2-3-6
1441-1444
532
З-б
1445
В 2-3-6
► COAL
► CHARCOAL
TAN sumi
Jdyd-3	S9-4-5	K3526
C1246	®2257	U70AD
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] [original meaning] coal
fictn, tanko coal mine, coal pit
fi&& tanko coal mine
ISfii sekitan coal
muentan anthracite, smokeless coal
0 CHARCOAL
mokutan charcoal
shintan firewood and charcoal
totan misery, distress
О carbon
tanso carbon
tansuikabutsu carbohydrates
tansan carbonic acid; seltzer
tanka carbonization
[kun]
[sumi CHARCOAL
sumibi charcoal fire
sumiyaki charcoal making
ГЙ keshizumi cinders
IHOMQPHONESI
sumi 3 INDIA INK =>1763
1446
В2-3-6
► TEA
CHA SA
-++-	Jdyd-2	S9-3-6	K3567
140	C1156	@2259	U8336
1...2.....3....4.....5....6	7	8	9
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 tea (the beverage), tea leaves
© tea ceremony
а ЖМ saka (=chaka) tea and cakes, refresh-
ments
sawakai tea party
Ж5ЙХ chawan tea cup; rice bowl
chanoma living room
chanoyu tea ceremony
ЙтЖ shincha new season's tea
kocha black tea
bancha coarse tea
I^^JS kissaten coffee shop, tea house
b ЖЖ chashitsu tea arbor, tea ceremony room
ЖШ sado (=chadd) tea ceremony
0 light brown
Ж'Ё chairo light brown
kogecha dark brown
6 used phonetically for cho
muchana absurd, unreasonable;
reckless; excessive; disorderly
muchakuchana confused; in-
coherent; absurd, unreasonable
[INDEPENDENT!
[cha tea, green tea, tea leaves; light
brown
4эЖ ocha tea, green tea; tea ceremony
}• > □ ]	K>[1
	► WILD KO ara(i) ara- a(reru) a(rasu) -a(rashi) [§ ra araki			
				
VfL				
1447	-H—	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2551
H2-3-6	140	C1119	®2260	U8352
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (in a primitive or uninhabited state) wild, bar-
ren, desolate, bleak, deserted; devastated,
ruined
^1? kdya wilderness, the wilds, wasteland
лъВЙ kohai desolation, waste, ruin
koryotaru desolate, dreary
kojd ruined castle
0 (of natural phenomena) wild, stormy, fierce
koten stormy weather
[kun]
[arai
0 (of natural phenomena) wild, violent, rough
© (of behavior) wild, rough, rude, savage
arasa wildness, roughness; ex-
travagance
533
1445-1447
В 3-6
О —Z7------:-------------------------------------
Sm И Йс arainami wild [raging] waves,
stormy seas
b	araarashii wild, violent; rough,
r"''	rude, gruff
□	arappoi rough, wild, rude
tearana violent, rough
[ara- Й-]
О (in a natural state) wild, barren, desolate
jSlff arano wilderness, deserted land
,,, 00 (ofnatural phenomena) wild, violent,rough
© [prefix] (of behavior) wild, rough, rude,
savage
а araumi rough sea, stormy sea
b aramusha daredevil, rowdy
[areru	(of natural phenomena) be
wild, become rough, rage; (of people) run wild,
rage, go berserk; run waste, be devastated; (of
skin) become rough, get chapped
are tempest, stormy weather; chaps (of
skin)
Z) arekuruu get stormy, rage; get
angry
arechi wilderness
areta te rough [chapped] hands
[arasu b'T] devastate, lay waste, dam-
age
fumiarasu trample down, dev-
astate
[-arashi	[suffix]
0 robbery, burglary; intrusion
0 robber, burglar; intruder
a 77\— b Jn; b L apatoarashi apartment
house robbery [robber]
[HOMOPHONES]
arai Ж COARSE =>0895
ara- Ж COARSE =>0895
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж flurried =>0425
1448
В2-3-6
► MADDER
SEN akane [Ц sei
-++-	Names	S9-3-6	K1611
140	D2628	@2261	U831C
[KUN]
[akane WJ
0 madder, Rubia cordifolia
to madder red, crimson
a If akanenone madder root
b akaneiro madder, crimson
If HE zei akane sasu sora glowing sky
4-R	► VILLA
Й±	► DIGNIFIED SO
1449	-++*	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3381
H2-3-6	140	C1532	@2262	U8358
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 villa, cottage
0 suffix after names of villas, inns or
apartment houses
а 80Й besso villa, country cottage
llljt sanso mountain villa
b dLlzKSt sansuisd TheSansui Inn
0 dignified, solemn, grave, sublime
sdgonna solemn, sublime
JtlSZi sochona solemn, grave, impressive
1450
В2-3-6
► GRASS
SO kusa kusa- -gusa
-H-	Joyo-1	S9-3-6	K3380
140	B0912	@2263	U8349
123456789
[COMPOUNDS!
О [also suffix] grass, weed
ЖЖ sogen grassland, prairie, savannah,
pampas, steppe
Ж^Ь somoku trees and plants, vegetation
Ж^О soshokuno herbivorous
if Ж yaso wild grass
St Ж zasso weed
Ж Ж kaiso seaweed
|^ЖЙУ josozai herbicide
—'^ЖЖ ichinenso annual plant, therophyte
1448-1450
534
© draft, manuscript, outline
Ж^га soko outline, draft
ЖЖ soan (rough) draft
ЙЖЖЪ kisdsuru draft (a bill), draw up
[KUN]
[kusa Ж J [also suffix] grass, weed
Ж7Ё kusabana flowering plant
ЖЖ kusaki plants, vegetation
ЖЗН!' kusawake pioneer, pathfinder, origi-
nator
~F l/Ж hoshikusa hay, dry grass
ЖЖЖ matsuyoigusa evening primrose
[kusa- Ж-] [prefix] amateur, crude
Ж1?kusayakyu sandlot baseball
[-gusa -Ж] material, stuff
ЖЖ shichigusa article for pawning
ИИЖ waraigusa laughingstock
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Ж® zdri Japanese sandals, zori
Й?ЖЖ tabako tobacco; cigarette
ЖЁКХ^1^)А kutabireru get tired, be worn
out
IHOMOPHONESI
-gusa Я VARIETY =>0823
дГ	incorrect classification
-4^	=>see И2-4-5: tf* at 1582
И2-3-6
з-б В
Л-ft bika beautification	2
]Mlt yubi grace, elegance
ВДМЖ meibina picturesque, beautiful
© (very satisfactory) beautiful, good, superior n
ИЖ bifQ beautiful [laudable] custom
It biten point of beauty, good point 7^
lt^ bimi good flavor, delicacy	;
Ж Ж bimei good name, high reputation
It® bitoku virtue, good deed
© regard as beautiful, praise, extol	u_i
Jf It^-b sanbisuru praise, admire
[INDEPENDENT!
[bi It] beauty, grace, charm
ffiWOlt seishin no bi moral beauty, mental
charm
[KUN]
[utsukushii It Ь И] beautiful, pretty,
lovely
It ЬЖ utsukushisa beauty, grace, charm
ISPECIAL READINGS]
Ittt oishii tasty, good; nice
1452
H2-3-6
► HEAD
► NECK
► LEADER
SHU kubi
	Jdyd-2	S9-9-0	K2883
185	A0133	©2265	U9996
1451
Я2-3-6
► BEAUTIFUL
Bl МГ utsuku(shii) Ц] yoshi haru
¥ 123	Joyo-3	S9-6-3	K4094
	A0405	02264	U7F8E
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] beautiful, pretty, lovely
It A bijin beautiful woman
ItA^F bishonen handsome youth
It bijo beautiful woman [girl]
jt^Srl^E biydin beauty shop [parlor]
Itffi bijutsu art, fine arts
Itffiffi bijutsukan art museum [gallery]
It Ж bikan fine view, beautiful sight
O0 [original meaning] head
© (forepart of a vessel) head
а Жshuкд suru assent, nod one's as-
sent, consent
Ж?К shukyu decapitated head
zanshu decapitation
b Й1Ж kishu nose (of an airplane)
Ж Ж kanshu bow (of a war vessel)
© NECK
й£ЖМ koshukei death [execution] by hang-
ing
© (person occupying a head position) leader,
head, chief
Жfi shucho leader, chief, head
535
1451-1452
В з-б
9-------------------------------------------
Мйй shuno head, leader
shusho prime minister
r МШ® shubosha ringleader, mastermind
M	toshu party chief [leader]
JEtt genshu ruler, sovereign
A O0 (occupying a head position) leading, top,
,,, first
© (most important) leading, main, principal
abtJJrfi shuseki top seat [place]; chief, head
b shuto capital (city)
M{i shui first place, leading position
-14- ffi shuhan head (of state or of a cabinet),
prime minister
u 0 confess
Й M jishu self-surrender
[KUN]
[kubi MJ
O0 NECK
0 narrow part, neck (of a bottle)
а	0 kubikazari necklace
b	tekubi wrist
/Vf #У>0|| baiorin no kubi neck of a
violin
0 HEAD
kubi о kashigeru put one's
head on one side
IHOMQPHONESI
kubi IIх =>01611
iu
1453
H2-3-6
► BEFORE
ZEN mae -mae (D saki susumu
Joyo-2	S9-2-7	K3316
A0032	®2266	U524D
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] (in front) before, ahead, front,
fore
iut^ zengo before and after; order, sequence
iu^7 zenpd front
iuiS zenshin advance, going ahead
ififfl zenmen front, frontage, facade
iu^ zensen front line, fighting front;
meteorology front
zento one's future, prospects; distance
yet to cover
00 [also suffix] (preceding in time) before, ago,
previous, past
0 [also prefix] (immediately preceding in order of
time) previous, former, ex-, onetime
a it] 0 zenjitsu the day before
iu¥ zennen the year before
ifl^S zennendo preceding (fiscal) year
^Fiu gozen morning, forenoon
tAiU izen before, ago, since
\l*iu^ sunzenni immediately before
sannenzen three years ago
b itj^ zenpu former husband, ex-husband
iu^k&Epfi zendaitdryd former president
iuftPff zenjdsho one's former address
©0 (preceding in order) former, preceding, first
(of two)
0 (in an earlier part of a text) preceding, above
a iu® zensha the former
iu¥ zenhan (=zenpan) first half
itl fe zenpen first volume; first part
ЙШ zenba morning session (of stock market)
iuSB zenki first term, first half year; first se-
mester
iu ВЙ zenryaku Dispensing with the prelimi-
naries...(salutation)
b iu® zenkai last time
[KUN]
[mae iu]
О front, fore part
it] maeni ahead, before
iuS maeashi forelegs
iuB^ maeoki introductory remark
iU>^ maegaki preface, foreword
00 before, ago, since
0 BEFOREhand, in advance
a tW mae no former, previous, old
iumaeni previously,formerly
b iuJ^X maemotte in advance
maebarai advance payment
iufto maegari advance payment
iUTE 0 maeuri advance sale
ЙтБ 0 maeuriken advance ticket
iutttl maebure previous notice, sign
© unclassified compounds
£iu namae name, given name
1453
536
3-7
Д tz О ЙЙ atarimae proper, right, just; of
course
[-mae -ЙЙ J [also suffix]
O0 ago, before, since
0 (10 minutes) to (seven), before (seven)
a X В ЙЙ futsukamae two days ago
b	juji gofunmae five to ten
0 in front Of, BEFORE
®^ЙЙ 0 ekimaeno in front of the station
© function word for forming pronouns
43ЙЙ omae [belittling] you; darling, my child
ЖЙЙ temae [humble] I; [belittling] you
0 portion, helping, serving
^^ЙЙ wakemae share, portion
^ЛЙЙ ichininmae one helping, one portion
0 worthy of, becoming of
^АйЦ ichininmae full-fledged man
5? ЙЙ otokomae man's looks
ЛЙЙЙ udemae skill, ability, capacity
ЖЙЙ kimae generosity
► MEMBER
IN И0 kazu
1454	□	Jdyd-3	S10-3-7	K1687
Я 2-3-7	30	A0051	©2269	U54E1
IcompoundsI
О [also suffix]
0 member of a staff [profession], personnel,
person in charge
0 member of an organization
а Й1 it. shain staff member, employee
® Д shokuin staff, employee, personnel
Д zen'in all members, entire staff
kakariin clerk in charge
kensain inspector
kaishain company employee, office
worker
йчЙгЙ. komuin public service personnel,
government worker
jimuin clerk, clerical staff
keibiin guard
b § Д iin committeeman; delegate
бЙД giin member of an assembly, assem-
blyman
ЗЙД toin party member
0 fixed number, capacity
лЁM teiin fixed number of regular personnel-
capacity
'SjJt man'in full to capacity
1455
H2-3-7
En [ □ { 7 ' H t
► PROPOSAL
AN
*	Jdyd-4	S10-4-6	KI 638
75	A0208	©2270	U6848
10
IcompoundsI
O0 [also suffix] proposal, plan, scheme
0 draft
а Ж1Ф anken matter, case, item
ШЖ teian proposition, proposal, suggestion
ЙЖ hoan bill, legislative proposal
ВЙЖ gian bill, measure
ЖЖ gen'an original bill [plan]
ЙЖ shian tentative plan, draft
ЙЖ taian counterproposal
ЛлЖ^~%> ritsuan suru make a plan, devise,
draft
£ЖЖ zdzeian tax increase proposal
Д{$Ж gutaian concrete proposal
b ЖЙ'Ж^) annaisuru guide, show; inform,
notify
ЖЖ soan (rough) draft
00 think out, devise
0 thought, idea, design
anshutsu suru think out, contrive,
devise, invent
® Ж shian thought, consideration, reflection
^Ж koan idea, plan; project
b ШЖ ken'an pending question [problem]
^□Ж meian splendid idea
0 official documents, records
^Ж toan examination paper; answer
537
1454-1455
t н < On] мд
3-7
0 expectations
angai contrary to one's expectations,
unexpectedly
annojd as feared, sure enough
[INDEPENDENT!
[an Ж1 plan, scheme
an о tateru draft a proposal
[anjiru C <5] be anxious, be concerned
about; think out, devise
[anzuru ЖТ-Ы ponder; worry over
1456
H2-3-7
► BANQUET
EN
Joyo	S10-3-7	K1767
D1749	02271	U5BB4
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] banquet, feast, dinner party,
dinner; entertainment
enkai dinner party, banquet, feast
ЖЙз enseki banquet hall, dinner party
tSt shoen invitation to a party; party
ЙЕЙ-Ж hiroen wedding reception
®(Й!Ж kangeien welcome party
®ХЖ kyden banquet, feast, dinner
[note]
★do not confuse with fl late =>1585
1457
H2-3-7
► HARM
GAI
	Joyo-4	S10-3-7	K1918
40	A0367	®2272	U5BB3
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 harm, evil, ill effect
0 harm, injure, damage
a WW gaidoku harm, evil, evil influence
higai damage, harm
heigai evil, abuse, vice
yQgaina harmful, pernicious, nox-
ious
b gaichu harmful insect
(HW shogai injury, bodily harm
ftW shingai infringement, violation
0 damage; pollution
kogai environmental pollution
saigai calamity, disaster, accident
tit W songai damage, harm
reigai damage from cold weather
7j<W suigai flood damage
© [original meaning] stand in the way, hinder,
obstruct, interfere with
IWW shogai obstacle, hindrance; (physical)
disorder
Ъ bogaisuru disturb, hinder, ob-
struct, hamper, impede, interfere
sogaisuru obstruct, check, impede,
hinder
[INDEPENDENT!
[gai W] harm, evil, ill effect; damage
inshu no gai ill effects of drinking
[gaisuru WT<5 J harm, injure, damage
► HOUSE
► FAMILY
KA KE ie ya
uchiA Ц] yaka
Jdyd-2	S10-3-7	K1840
A0111	®2273	U5BB6
1458
H2-3-7
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] house, home, dwelling
ЖИ kaoku house, building
ЖМ kagu furniture
Л Ж jinka dwelling (house), human habita-
tion
К Ж minka private house
00 family, house, household
1456-1458
538
3-7
© [suffix] FAMILY, House
a kazoku family, household
ЖК katei home, family, household
ЖпЬ kakei household economy, family fi-
nances
ЖЛ kanai family, household; wife
ЖЖ kaji household affairs, housework
ЖЖ kasai family court
^ЙЖ jikka family in which one was born;
one's parents' home
ДЖ гудке good family
^Ж ikka family, household; one's family;
style (of established reputation)
b ^ЖЖ shogunke family to inherit the sho-
gunate
ЙЛ1Ж tokugawake the Tokugawas, the
House ofTokugawa
®йЖ miyatake the Miyata family
© [also suffix]
0 professional, member of a profession
0 performer of an action or person associ-
ated with something
а {^Ж sakka writer, novelist, author
ИЖ gaka artist, painter
Й?пЖ seijika politician
senmonka specialist, expert
ь ЙЙЗ^Ж benkyoka diligent student, studious
person
Й’ЙЕЖ zaisanka person of wealth
АИЖ juka Confucian, Confucianist
ЖЖ doka Taoist scholar
0 territory, country
ИЖ кокка state, country, nation
[KUN]
[ie Ж] house, home, dwelling; family,
household
ЖЖ ieie houses
Ж ie о okosu found a house; raise the
reputation of one's family
ЖЖ iede running away from home
ЖЬНЖ mazushiiie poor family
ЖЙ iegara social standing of a family; line-
age, descent; good family
[ya Ж] [also suffix] house, home
ЖЖ yanushi house owner, landlord, land-
lady
Жм yachin (house) rent
»Ж wagaya one's home [house]
{la Ж shakuya house for rent, rented house
—Ж ikken'ya solitary house; private home
[uchi Ж]
0 house, one's home
© one's family, household
аЖ^ЙТ^ uchiotateru build one's house
uchinohito my husband; one's fam-
________»ly
IHOMOPHONESI
ya Ж HOUSE =>1973
uchi
I^J INSIDE =>2162
Ф MIDDLE =>®3451
1459
H2-3-7
► ROYAL PALACE
► SHINTO SHRINE
KYU GU KU miya
Jdyd-3	S10-3-7	K2160
A0292	®2274	U5BAE
Ecn	н I
II
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 royal palace, imperial palace, magnifi-
cent dwelling
0 suffix after names of palaces
a ®® kyuden palace (of a royal person)
ЕЕ® окуй King's palace, royal palace
$t® rikyu detached palace, Imperial villa
e£® meikyu labyrinth, maze; mystery
Ж® гуйдй Palace of the Dragon King
b X U if ® erizekyu Ё1у$ёе
0 shinto shrine, imperial Shinto shrine
®a] guji chief priest of a Shinto shrine
ft® jingo Shinto shrine; Grand Shrine at Ise
iS® sengu transfer of a shrine
[KUN]
[miya ®]
О SHINTO SHRINE
®t^0 miyamairi shrine visit
®S miyai shrine compound; Imperial Palace
0 Imperial Court
®{±A miyazukae court service
539
1459
Em [ □ < т > H t
3-7
>-f-> ► PRESIDE
\ SAI Ц] tsukasa
1460		Joyo	S10-3-7	K2643
B2-3-7	40	D1738	®2275	U5BB0
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
ICOMPOUNDSl
• preside (over), superintend, supervise,
manage
sairyd supervision, management; su-
pervisor, superintendent
shusaisuru preside (over), super-
intend, supervise
1461		Joyo	S10-3-7	K3012
H2-3-7	40	D2428	®2276	U5BB5
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] early evening, evening,
nightfall
shunsho spring evening
[kun]
[yoi W J early evening, early hours of the
night
Й’© □ yoinokuchi early evening
ЖВДЖ yoi no mydjd evening star, Venus
koyoi this evening, tonight
О appearance, looks, view, figure, counte-
nance
yoshi face and figure, appearance
WSSX yobo looks, personal appearance
yodai one's condition, one's state of
health
HW biyd beauty
SiW iyo dignified [majestic] appearance
hen'yo transfiguration, transformation
00 (have within) contain, hold, accommo-
date
0 contents, substance
a yoki receptacle, container, vessel
yoryo capacity, volume
shuyosuru accommodate, receive
(guests)
hdydsuru encompass, compre-
hend; imply; tolerate
naiyd contents, import, substance
0 tolerate, permit, allow
Ъ ydshasuru pardon, forgive, have
mercy on
yogisha suspected person
yokyo procommunist
yoninsuru admit, approve, accept
SW'T'S juyosuru receive, accept
Ъ kyoyosuru tolerate, allow, permit
0 easy, simple
yoina easy, simple
ISPECIAL READINGS]
Wla tayasui easy, simple
H2-3-7
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-5-5: at 1647
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-4-6: — at 1588
1462
H2-3-7
► APPEARANCE
► CONTAIN
YO ID masa hiro
Jdyd-5	S10-3-7	K4538
A0320	®2277	U5BB9
Я2-3-7
1460-1462
540
1	► TRIBUTE KO KU mitsu(gu) [£] mitsugi mitsu			
1463				
	я	Joyo	S10-7-3	K2555
B2-3-7	154	C1093	@2281	U8CA2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] tribute
Ж ffl. koso tribute, annual tax
ffl Ж nengu land tax
0 render services to, contribute
Ъ kbken suru contribute to, serve
[KUN]
[mitsugu Ж <'] support, finance, contribute
Ж of mitsugi tribute
Mcffe mitsugimono tribute
1464
H2-3-7
► LOAD
KA ni
—H- 140	Jdyd-3	SI 0-3-7	K1857
	C1108	®2282	U8377
ICOMPOUNDSl
О load, burden; cargo, goods
?^Ж kaju load
ttj'fpT’ffl-b shukkasuru forward, ship, consign
nydka arrival of goods (at a shop), re-
ceipt of goods
shuka collection of cargo, cargo book-
ing
dzEfflif zaika stock, goods on hand
0 carry on shoulder, bear a burden
katan assistance, support, participation
fuka load, burden
3-7 В
|KUN|
[ni load, burden; cargo, goods;
(figuratively) load, burden
W	ni о orosu take a load off □
nimotsu baggage, load
Inf Ж nidai carrier, bed (of a truck)
nizukuri packing	м/
fpf® nieki loading, handling cargo
nifuda tag
hatsuni first cargo of the New Year	I
tsumini load, freight, cargo
Ж ft? omoni heavy load; burden, encum-
brance
► MAGNIFICENT
► CHINA
KA KE hana
1465 H2-3-7	140	Joyo	S10-3-7	K1858
		C1049	®2283	U83EF
				
				
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О magnificent, gorgeous, splendid, brilliant,
flowery
IB life kareina splendid, magnificent, re-
splendent, gorgeous
gbka na gorgeous, splendid, pom-
pous
0 [original meaning] flower, blossom
kado flower arrangement
hokekyd the Lotus Sutra
коде incense and flowers
Ъ sangesuru fall as flowers do, die a
glorious death
0 CHINA
kakyo Chinese merchant living abroad
kahoku North China
ФшИ-ЗЦ chuka-ryori Chinese food
В IB nikka Japan and China
[KUN]
[hana Ж J
О (figuratively) flower (of life), essence, cream
ЙсЬЖОЗ? bushidd no hana flower of
541
1463-1465
Ecn [ Q { s ' H *
3-7
chivalry [Bushido]
0 [in compounds] flowery, beautiful, gallant
hanayaka na flowery, gay, bright,
brilliant, gorgeous
ЗВшЬИ hanabanashii brilliant, magnifi-
cent, spectacular
HOMOPHONES]
hana flower =^>1405
1466
H2-3-7
► SMILE SWEETLY
KAN GAN
-H—	Names	S10-3-7	K2048
140	D2779	©2283.5	U839E
* ICOMPOUNDSl
• SMILE SWEETLY
kanjitaru with a (sweet) smile
-
я
1467
H2-3-7
► JASMINE
Rl Щ rei
-++-	Names	S10-3-7	K7229
140	D2390	©2284	U8389
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 jasmine, white jasmine
matsuri jasmine, Jasminum sambac
5^Ж|7Ё matsurika jasmine, Jasminum
sambac
incorrect classification
=>see B2-4-6: ±t at 1591
Я2-3-7
1468
Я 2-3-7
► BENEFIT
► PROFIT
EKI YAKU ma(su)A ИЗ mashi yoshi
yasu
mi 108	Jdyd-5	S10-5-5	K1755
	B0598	©2285	U76CA
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 benefit, good, advantage
0 beneficial, useful
a yuekina beneficial; profitable
koeki public benefit
jitsueki practical use, benefit, actual
profit
®P?lJ^ goriyaku grace of God
b ekichd beneficial insect
0 [also suffix] profit, gain
ekikin profit, gain
ZnrS: saeki marginal profits
rieki profit, gains; benefit
shueki profit, earnings, proceeds, re-
turns
son'eki profit and loss; advantage and
disadvantage
baikyakueki profit on sales
|KUN]
[ masu ] vi& vt increase, augment, mul-
tiply
masumasu increasingly
IHOMQPHONESI
masu increase =>0483
1469
H2-3-7
12
► CONCURRENTLY
KEN ka(neru) -ka(neru) Ц] капе
Joyo	S10-2-8	K2383
C1094	©2286	U517C
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (serving two functions) concurrently, simul-
taneously, together
© serve two functions or hold two jobs con-
currently
a ken'yd combined use; serving two pur-
poses
kenbisuru combine (one thing
with another)
ЙНт kenko doing simultaneously
b kennin holding two or more posts
1466-1469
542
кепти holding another post; additional
post
IftUS kengyd side business
[KUN]
[kaneru	serve two functions, com-
bine [unite] (one thing with another), serve as
well
o' И kaneai equilibrium, even balance
Ж	ydji to asobi о
kanete on business combined with
pleasure
[-kaneru	verbal suffix indicating
hesitation, difficulty, or impatience in per-
forming some action
Ф L	Mdshikanemasu да Ex-
cuse me, but...
yarikanenai would stop at
nothing, be capable of doing
mikaneru be unable to let pass
unnoticed
omachikane no long-
waited-for
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-7-3: 7^ at 2082
H2-3-7
incorrect classification
=^see В2-2-8: at 1334
► CHOKE
► NITROGEN
CHITSU
1470
H2-3-8
	Joyo	S11-5-6	K3566
116	D1777	02288	U7A92
10	11
[COMPOUNDS!
О choke, suffocate
SS chissoku suffocation, asphyxia
0 NITROGEN
chisso nitrogen
chikkabutsu nitride
1471
H2-3-8
3-8 В
-----------------------------2
► THE TIGER
IN tora ® nobu tomo
Names	S11-3-8	K3850
D1961	02289	U5BC5
[kun]
[tora Ж ] third sign of the Oriental zodiac: the
TIGER
Ж О %! tora no koku around four o'clock in
the morning
[homophones!
tora Й TIGER =>2048
Ж	► LONESOME JAKU SEKI sabi sabi(shii) sabi(reru)
1472	Joyo S11-3-8 K2868
H2-3-8	40 D1695 02290 U5BC2
	
	
1	2	3	I	4	5	6	7	8	9
ЙЖ 10 11	
ICOMPOUNDSI	
0 lonesome, lonely, desolate, deserted
0 [original meaning] quiet, still, serene
a	sekirybtaru lonely,desolate
b seijaku silence, quietness, stillness
Й5Ж kanjaku quietness, tranquility
[KUN]
[sabi Ж J patina, elegant simplicity, sabi
th Ж wabi to sabi wabi and sabi, taste for
the simple and quiet
[sabishii ® L И] lonesome, lonely, deso-
late, deserted
sabishisa loneliness
® sabishigaru feel lonely, miss
someone
[sabireru	decline in prosperity,
become desolate
sabireta kisetsu dead season
[HOMOPHONES]
sabishii Mx =>®520
543
1470-1472
В 3-8
► CONTRIBUTE
► DRAW NEAR
KI yo(ru) -yo(ri) yo(seru)
Joyo-5	S11-3-8	K2083
B0634	02291	U5BC4
1473
М/ Н2-3-8
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (give money or goods) contribute, donate
0 (submit for publication) contribute
a Wf't kifu contribution, donation
kikin contribution, donation
WMtTЪ kizo (=kisd) suru donate, present
as a gift
kiyo contribution, services
Ь Ъ kikosuru contribute (to a newspa-
per)
ЖИг kisho contributed article
0 lodge at, reside temporarily, be dependent
on (someone for food)
kishuku lodging, boarding
kiryu temporary residence, sojourn
ЖЙ kisei parasitism
© call at, call on, make a short visit
ЖЙ'Т<5 kiko suru call at a port
ЖЙЯ'Тkikosuru call at a(n) (air)port
|KUN|
[yoru W & J
O0 draw near, draw up, come near, ap-
proach
0 draw aside, step aside
a	chikayoru go near, approach
ayumiyoru step up; compromise,
meet halfway
Ж Ж 0 0 moyori no nearest, nearby
miyori relative, relation, kinsfolk
omoimoyoranai unex-
pected, unforeseen, inconceivable
b Jfix (ZЖ & waki niyoru draw aside
M*Ж %> katayoru concentrate on one side
[place], go aside
0 drop in, call on
Ж О Ж'ТЪ yorimichisuru drop in on the
way, go out of the way
XL % Ж Ъ tachiyoru drop in for a short visit,
call at
© increase, gain
Ж 0 toshiyori old [aged] person, the
aged; older councilor
[-yori -W 0 ] [also suffix] toward, leaning
toward
V 0® kitayori no kaze northerly wind
Т/ U Л W 0 0^5£ amerikayori no
gaiko pro-American diplomacy
[yoseru Wit-?»]
0 draw (a thing) near, allow to approach;
come near
0 draw up, bring together, gather, collect; add
up
a	yosetsukenai keep off, keep
away
kurumayose carriage porch
STW-fet shiwayose shifting (the loss) to
someone else
Matayosete
itadakimasu I shall call on you again
uchiyoseru break upon, beat
upon (the shore)
31	hikiyoseru draw near, pull
nearer
0 Ж’ёг-Ь toriyoseru order; get, obtain
b	yoseatsume mixture, odds and
ends
[SPECIAL READINGS]
sukiya tea-ceremony arbor
ЖЙз yose storyteller's hall, variety hall
IHOMOPHONESI
yoru
Й CAUSE =>1936
ft DEPEND ON =>®84
GROUNDS =>®312
Й REASON =>®3499
katayoru
=>oioi
=>2158,1473
1473
544
3-8
у Г >	► CLOSE
► SECRET
| f [	MITSU
1474 B2-3-8	40	Joyo-6	S11-3-8	K4409
		B0842	02292	U5BC6
1475
H2-3-8
► LODGE
SHUKU yado yado(ru) yado(su)
Jdyd-3	S11-3-8	K2941
B0778	02293	U5BBF
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (closely crowded) close, dense, thick,
compact, tight
© (very near in relationship) close, intimate
a	misshu suru crowd, swarm, aggre-
gate densely
mitsurin close thicket, dense forest,
jungle
ffi'Sz. mitsudo density
SE/lil misshitsu secret room [chamber];
locked room
jSSuZi kamitsuna overcrowded
b missetsuna close, intimate
kinmitsuna close, tight
shinmitsuna intimate, close
© (characterized by exacting minuteness) close,
minute, elaborate, careful
seimitsu precision, accuracy, minute-
ness
genmitsu na strict, precise, rigid, ex-
act
menmitsuna close, minute, detailed
chimitsuna minute, close, elabo-
rate, exact
© [also suffix] secret, private, clandestine,
illegal, stealthy
?u misshi secret messenger
Й д mikkoku secret information
mitsuyu smuggling, contraband trade
ЙтЕ mitsubai smuggling
SjASI mitsunyukoku illegal entry
[immigration]
Й'Й? himitsu secret, mystery; privacy
ASuO naimitsuno secret, confidential, pri-
vate
гГгг я I®
Iffiifsi
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] lodge, board, stay over-
night
shukuhaku suru lodge, stay
shukuchoku night duty, night watch
Ж® kishuku lodging, boarding
gasshukusuru lodge together,
stay in a camp for training
T® geshuku lodging, boarding house
0 lodging, inn, hotel, lodging house
®cf shukusha lodgings, quarters
®ЯТ shukusho address, lodgings
®'£=з shukuei billeting, camp
®H shukudai homework
K® minshuku tourist home
© from a previous life [incarnation]
®^fr shukumei fate, destiny
®& shukuen karma, destiny, fate
[kun]
[yado ®] lodging, inn, hotel; house, dwell-
ing
®Ж yadoya inn, hotel, lodging house
® St yadochin hotel charge
Йп ® funayado operator of pleasure boats;
shipping agent
®ML yadonashi vagabond
[yadoru ® <5 ] lodge, board, stay over-
night; dwell [reside] in
® yadori lodging abode; shelter
Ж® I9 amayadorisuru take shelter
from the rain
[yadosu ® T] conceive, be pregnant with
ко о yadosu be pregnant with a
child
545
1474-1475
В 3-8
► WINDOW
SO mado
1476		Joyo-6	S11-5-6	K3375
H2-3-8	116	C1188	@2294	U7A93
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [original meaning] window
sogai outside the window
shaso car window
[KUN]
[mado window, porthole; windowpane
madogarasu windowpane
Й □ madoguchi window, wicket; clerk at a
window
0 kazarimado show window, display
window
madowaku window frame, sash
ffi® demado bow window, bay window
incorrect classification
IN "r\ =>see B2-5-6: at 1656
H2-3-8
1477
П2-3-8
► NEST
SO su
М/	Joyo-4	511-3-8	K3367
42*	Cl 580	©2295	U5DE3
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [original meaning] (structure for birds or insects)
NEST
#Ж eiso nest building
4$x Ж hosd beehive, hive
[kun]
[su Ж] (structure for birds, insects or animals)
nest, beehive; web; lair, den
ЖЯ subako bird box, bird house
MSl О sudatsu leave one's nest; become
independent
ЖЖ furusu old nest, one's former haunt
incorrect classification
=>see B2-5-6: at 1658
H2-3-8
f Г r	► CRUMBLE
PI Pf	HO kuzu(reru) -kuzu(re) kuzu(su)
• crumble, collapse
ЯЙЖЖ-Ь hdkaisuru collapse, crumble,
breakdown, cave in
hdraku collapse, cave-in;crash; (ofthe
market) decline
[KUN]
[kuzureru ffiM] V/CRUMBLE, collapse,
break, cave in; get out of shape
kuzure crumbling, collapse
kuzuresaru collapse, crumble
away
ЦлЙяЖТ yamakuzure landslide, landslip
katakuzure getting out of shape
[-kuzure [suffix] delinquent, degener-
ate
gakuseikuzure degenerate ex-
student
haiydkuzure down-and-out ex-
film star
[kuzusu vt destroy, pull down, level;
cause to be relaxed or informal
W ty ЯЛ1Г kirikuzusu level (a hill); break (a
strike)
mochikuzusu ruin [degrade] one-
self
hiza о kuzusu sit at ease
1476-1478
546
3-8
[SPECIAL READINGS]
®ЯЯ nadare snowslide
г г Г ► REVERENCE
J * SU Ц] taka takashi so shu
1479	L1J	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3182
H2-3-8	46	D1870	®2297	U5D07
1	2	3	I	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 reverence, revere, worship, venerate,
adore, esteem
sukei reverence, admiration
suhai worship, adoration
sQkona lofty, sublime, noble
If sonsu reverence, veneration
1480
H2-3-8
► AUTHOR
► CONSPICUOUS
CHO arawa(su) ichijiru(shii)
-H-	Jdyo-6	S11-3-8	K3588
140	B0813	@2300	U8457
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 author, write, publish
© [suffix] AUTHORed by, by
a	chosakusuru write, author
Wchojutsuka writer, author
WW chosha author, writer
chosakuken copyright
й W kyocho joint authorship, coauthorship
b Нй Й mishima yukio-cho
authored by Mishima Yukio
0 literary work, book, writing
WW chosho literary work, book
meicho famous book, masterpiece
© (since writing makes things clearly visible)
mJ
(attracting attention) conspicuous, remark-
able, prominent, well-known
UFAZX chodaina exceptionally large
chomei prominence, eminence, distinc-
tion
kenchona notable, conspicuous; м/
clear, obvious
[kun]
[arawasu WT J author, write, publish ш
ИтоГИА" kakiarawasu publish (a book) -♦+-
[ichijirushii	remarkable, con-	—<
spicuous, marked
W L < ichijirushiku remarkably, considera-
bly, strikingly
IHOMOPHONESI
arawasu
Й EXPRESS =>1572
ACTUAL =>0657
H2-3-8
► GERMINATE
HO BO mo(eru) kiza(su) Щ moe
megumi
	Names	S11-3-8	K4308
140	D2180	@2301	U840C
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 GERMINATE, Sprout, bud
© germination, beginning, sign, indication
а ВД hoga germination, beginning; sprout
[kun]
[moeru ВД A<5] sprout, bud, burst into bud
ВД AllS> moetatsu sprout, burst into leaf
ВД moegiiro yellowish green
ТвдА shitamoe sproutof a plant shooting
from under the soil
[kizasu ВД germinate, sprout; spring up,
dawn
ВД L kizashi germination, sprouting; dawn-
ing
IHOMOPHONESI
moeru	BURN =^0739
kizasu sJ|£ omen =>0166
kizashi	omen =>0166
547
1479-1481
► CONFECTIONERY
KA
1482				140		Joyo			S11-3-8			K1859	
М/	532-3-8					D1670			(8)2302			U83D3	
	-—	-4—	-4-A-					&					-W
t [ I	1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9										
10	l=l*
Ф confectionery, confection, cake, sweets,
candy
Ж7Р kashi confectionery, cake, sweets
ЙЖ^ wagashi Japanese-style confection
ШЖ toka sweetmeats, sweets, confection
Ж Ж hydka ice cream, sherbet
ШЖ seika confectionery (making of confec-
tions)
saka (=chaka) tea and cakes, refresh-
ments
82Ж meika excellent cake, cake of an estab-
lished name
Ж reika ices, ice cream
1483
H 2-3-8
► CHRYSANTHEMUM
KIKU
-H—	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2138
140	C1341	@2303	U83CA
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [also suffix] [original meaning] chrysanthe-
mum
kikka chrysanthemum
kikuningyd chrysanthemum figure
[doll]
nogiku wild chrysanthemum; aster
ЙЙ shiragiku white chrysanthemum
jochugiku pyrethrum
IINDEPENDENTl
[kiku CHRYSANTHEMUM
kikunogomon Imperial crest of
the chrysanthemum
* [also suffix] bacteria, bacillus, germ, micro-
organism
Й0М saikin bacteria, germ, microbe
fS(x®i baikin bacterium, germ
sakkinsuru sterilize, pasteurize
byokin disease germ, virus
hokinsha germ carrier
^7711 chifusukin typhoid bacillus
ЙГЙ0Й sekirikin dysentery bacillus
IINDEPENDENTl
[kin Й1 bacteria, germ
Й £ ip kin о baiyo suru culture
[cultivate] bacteria
► VIOLET
KIN KON sumire Ц] kaoru
1485
H2-3-8
-++-	Names	S11-3-8	K7233
140	D3576	@2304.5	U83EB
[KUN]
[sumire Ж] violet (the flower)
sumireiro violet (the color)
zs'feM sanshokusumire (=sanshikisumire)
pansy, heartsease
1486
И2-3-8
► VEGETABLE
SAI na
-44—	Jdyd-4	S11-3-8	K2658
140	C1295	@2305	U83DC
1482-1486
548
3-9
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
О vegetable, greens
IS it saishoku vegetable diet
IS it НЕЙ saishokushugi vegetarianism
saien vegetable garden
if 5Й yasai vegetables, greens
Й IS hakusai Chinese cabbage, white rape
ill IS sansai edible wild plant
О dish accompanying the rice in Japanese
meals, side dish
tflIS zensai hors d'oeuvre
sozai daily [household] dish, side dish
[KUN]
[na IS] greens, vegetables; rape
Ж IS aona greens
nappa greens
1487
И2-3-8
► IRIS
SHO Ц] ayame
-H—	Names	S11-3-8	K3052
140	D2779	©2305.5	U83D6
IcompoundsI
0 iris, sweet flag
MST shobu (Japanese) iris, sweetflag,
Acorus Calamus
B2-3-8	incorrect classification =>see H 2-4-7: ±t at 1596
B2-3-8	incorrect stroke-count =>see B2-3-9:at 1497
► HAPPY
KI yoroko(bu) yoroko(basu)
Ц] yoshi nobu
1488
H2-3-9
□	Joyo-4	S12-3-9	K2078
30	B0699	©2308	U559C
ICOMPOUNDSI
d<N ( -H <
О [original meaning] be happy [glad], rejoice
ИИЙ kietsu delight, rapture, joy
Wfi kishoku glad countenance
Ъ kankisuru rejoice, be greatly de-
lighted
0 amusing, funny
ЖЙИ kigeki comedy
[KUN]
[yorokobu W Л>] vi be happy [glad], be
delighted
O' yorokobi joy, delight; felicitation, con-
gratulation; matter for congratulation
ЖЙ0Н yorokobashii joyful, delightful,
gratifying
ISA/C yorokonde willingly, with pleasure
IkWO' dyorokobi great joy, delight
[yorokobasu Ж ЙТJ vt please, gladden,
make happy
oya оyorokobasu make one's
parents happy
El	me о yorokobasu feast one's
eyes (on)
IHOMOPHONESI
yorokobu DELIGHTED 8
yorokobi
1Я DELIGHTED =>®418
Ж FELICITATION =>®3173
yorokobasu 1Й delighted =><S>418
1489
Я2-3-9
► RICH
FU FU to(mu) tomi
	Jdyd-5	512-3-9	K4157
40	B0589	©2310	U5BCC
549
1487-1489
В 3-9
2 .
ICOMPOUNDSl
ОФ [original meaning] rich, wealthy, affluent
0 RiCHes, wealth
-~p а Ж1® fuyu wealth, richness
b Ж1К fugo wealthy man, millionaire
ЖЙ fund rich farmer
mz	Ж Л furyoku wealth, riches
ЖЙ& fukina wealthy and noble
О (abounding in) rich, abundant, plentiful
LLJ ЖЙЛ fuko rich ore
u Л:Ж/£ hdfuna abundant, plentiful, rich
[KUN]
[tomu Ж tT] be rich; abound in, teem with
Ж tomasu enrich, make wealthy
ЙЕЙЖ [-Ж t? shigen ni tomu abound in
natural resources
[tomi Ж1 wealth, RiCHes
Ж 0^02 tomi no bunpai distribution of
wealth
1490
H2-3-9
► COLD
KAN samu(i)
	Jdyd-3	S12-3-9	K2008
40	C1399	©2311	U5BD2
H2-3-9
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-5-7: at 1666
incorrect classification
=>see B2-5-7: at 1667
H2-3-9
► STORM
RAN arashi
1491
H2-3-9
111	Names	S12-3-9	K4582
46	C1421	02314	U5D50
ICOMPOUNDSl
О storm, tempest
shunran spring storm
0 [original meaning] mountain air, mountain
vapor, mist
ЖЖ ranki mountain air, mountain mist
HrM seiran mountain vapor
[KUN]
[arashi Ш] storm, tempest; stormy wind
0^(5”$ arashi no mae no
shizukesa the lull [calm] before a storm
ftJ'M sunaarashi sandstorm
ICOMPOUNDSl
1492
H2-3-9
► RAISE
BO tsuno(ru)
	Joyo	S12-2-10	K4271
19	80896	02316	U52DF
1.................2............... 3	.............4	5	6	7	8	9
Ф (of weather) cold, chilly
SsM kanki cold, cold weather
WS kansho hot and cold
Ж St kanryu cold current
kanrei cold, coldness, chilliness
kanpa cold wave
kandankei thermometer
[kun]
[samui SSH] (ofweather) cold,chilly
samusa coldness, cold
ЙЖ samuzora wintry sky, cold weather
samuke chill
JUItSH hadazamui chill, chilly
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] (gather persons or money by
appealing to the public) raise (troops or funds),
collect, recruit, enlist
ЖЖ'Т-Ь boshusuru recruit, enlist; raise,
collect
bokin fund-raising, collection of sub-
scriptions
ЙлЖ'З"-?) bbosuru apply for, subscribe for
[to], enlist for
1490-1492
550
4а Ж kobo appeal for public subscription
й^Ж chobo recruitment
[KUN]
[tsunoru Ж Ъ ] vt recruit enlist levy; raise
(subscriptions or funds)
Ж{4^<&Ж<5 kifukin о tsunoru make an
appeal for contributions
1493
H2-3-9
► MALLOW
KI aoi Ц] mamoru
-H—	Names	SI 2-3-9	K1610
140	D2250	®2317	U8475
[KUN]
[aoi I?] mallow, hollyhock; asarabacca;
asarabacca crest (esp. of Shogunate govern-
ment)
zeniaoi common mallow
ж	► FALL RAKU o(chiru) o(chi) o(tosu)			
1494	-H-	Jdyo-3	S12-3-9	K4578
H2-3-9	140	A0389	®2318	U843D
O0 [original meaning] fall, fall off, drop, sink
0 let FALL, drop
О fall into (one's hands), receive
а ЖТ" rakka fall, drop, descent
<5 rakubasuru fall from a horse
Ж H rakujitsu setting sun
tsuiraku suru fall, drop; crash
b Ъ rakkyusuru fail to catch a ball
rakuruisuru shed tears
rakuban cave-in
c	rakusatsu suru make a successful
bid
0 (esp. of stock prices) (become less) fall, drop,
decline
teirakusuru fall, depreciate, go
3-9 В
----------------------------------------------- 9
down
geraku fall, drop, decline; deterioration
куй гаки sudden drop [fall], steep de-
cline
bdraku slump, crash, heavy decline (in
prices)
©0 (decline in status) fall, decline, decay
0 fall through, fail (an examination) 4 Iz
0 fall off, drop out, become omitted, be
missing
а rakuhaku straitened [reduced] circum-
stances	-+H
daraku degeneration, corruption, deca-
dence	3
botsuraku ruin, fall, collapse
b rakusen election defeat; rejection
rakudai failure in an examination
rakugosha straggler
c	datsuraku suru be omitted; fall
away [behind], drop out
0 be concluded, be settled, be completed
rakuchaku suru be settled, come
to a conclusion
rakusei completion
ichidanraku pause; (figuratively) end
of chapter
0 humor,jest, witticism
rakugo rakugo, Japanese-style comic
story
rakugaki scribbling, scrawling, graf-
fiti
[kun]
[ochiru
O0 fall, drop, go down; drip; sink
0 fall in, collapse, crumble
0 (of water) fall in, flow down, flow into
о	ochikomu fall [cave] in; fall into
depression
ochiba fallen leaves
ochikobore student who cannot
keep up with the class (in science);
dropout
b	kuzureochiru crumble down,
tumble down
c	ochiau gather, meet, join; flow
together
00 fall (in one's estimation); go down, be
inferior, fall short of
551
1493-1494
ИЗ-9
2------------------------------------------------
О fail (in an examination); be defeated,
surrender
a Й tz. shin 'yo да gataochi da
,	have a sudden fall in public estimation
Ж^'Ё»'!-^ kiochisuru be discouraged, be
л-ч	dispirited
b AU	Parigaochita Paris has fallen
© [in compounds] be settled
Й? 'Ё) Яж < ochitsuku calm down, settle down,
be steady; settle in, take up one's resi-
l_LJ	dence; harmonize with, match
-++- Й^~Ё>Ят of ochitsuki presence of mind, com-
posure
3 [ochi omission, slip, error, fault
Й? ~Ё> Й ochido fault, error; guilt
katateochi partiality, one-
sidedness, favoritism
[otosu
О drop, let fall, throw down, dump
1ЛЙ otoshimono lost article
18 "Ё>	uchiotosu shoot down
©0 remove, take away, clean
0 omit, miss
a	araiotosu wash off, wash out
b L miotoshi oversight, thing left
unnoticed
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЙХ$?А share witticism,joke; pun, wordplay
Йх Й? Ъ ж shareru pun, play on words; jest,
joke; dress smartly [stylishly]; make up
4э®х^ж oshare dressing up smartly
[stylishly]; make up; dandy
1495
В2-3-9
► HAG/
SHU hagi
-+H	Names	S12-3-9	K3975
140	D1670	®2319	U8429
[kun]
[hagi J&J hagi, Japanese bush clover,
Lespedeza bicolor
hagizoku Lespedeza
1496
В2-3-9
► FUNERAL
SO hdmu(ru)
-++-	Joyo	SI 2-3-9	K3382
140	B0892	®2320	U846C
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also Suffix] FUNERAL
soshiki funeral ceremony
tHtt sogi funeral service [rites]
kankonsdsai ceremonial occa-
sions (coming of age, marriage, funeral
and ancestral worship)
kokusd national funeral
kaishaso company funeral
© [original meaning] bury (a corpse), entomb,
inter
maisosuru bury, inter
kaso cremation
suiso burial at sea
[kun]
[homuru bury (a corpse), entomb,
inter
homurisaru consign to oblivion
1497
В2-3-9
► LEAF
YO ha1 ha2
Joyo-3	S12-3-9	K4553
A0392	®2321	U8449
23456789
[COMPOUNDS]
О [original meaning] leaf, foliage
ЖЖ yomyaku veins of a leaf
yoryokuso chlorophyll
Я1Ж koyo (=momiji) red leaves, crimson fo-
liage, autumn tints
1495-1497
552
3-9
rakuyo fall of leaves; fallen leaves
ТЖ shiyo seed leaf, cotyledon
ЗН*ЖШ shin'yoju conifer
КЖ^КЙР shiyomassetsu unimportant de-
tails
0 various leaflike objects, as: (sheet of paper) leaf,
sheet, page, paper
ЙцЖ zen'yo preceding page [leaf]
[kun]
[ha1 Ж] leaf, foliage; needle
ЖоЙ happa colloq leaf, foliage; needle;
blade, spear
Ж 69 Ж kusa no ha blade of grass
®Ж matsuba pine needle
Ж^Ж ochiba fallen leaves
[ha2 Ж] [in compounds] fragment, piece
—historically sometimes interchangeable with Йга,
as in the word hagaki, which is now always written
hagaki postcard
ИЖ kotoba word, term; wording; language
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ДЖ momiji red leaves, crimson foliage,
autumn tints; Japanese maple
[HOMOPHONES]
ha2 yS END ^>0826
incorrect stroke-count
>Tv\ =>see В 2-3-10: -**• at 1508
H2-3-9
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-3-10:at 1511
H2-3-9

► INQUIRE
JIN tazu(neru) hiroT Ц] hiroshi
^1-	Joyo	S12-3-9	K3150
41	C1413	<8)2322	U5C0B
1498
В 2-3-9
12
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 interrogate, question
Ц[п] jinmon questioning, examination, inter-
rogation
[KUN]
[tazuneru
O0 inquire (about, after), ask, question
© INQUIRE into, investigate into
о ЗЙ	riyu о tazuneru ask the rea-
son
b Й	yuraiо tazuneru inquire into
the origin
0 search for, look for
A tazunebito missing person
Ъ tazunemotomeru seek for
otazunemono wanted person,
person wanted by the police
IHOMOPHONESI
tazuneru Uj VISIT =>0985
J- H- ] мД
a
► WIDESPREAD
FU Ц] shin hiro
1499
H2-3-9
В	Joyo	S12-4-8	K4165
72	B0837	®2323	U666E
a
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 widespread, general, universal, common
0 common, ordinary
a la R fukyu diffusion, spread, propagation
iaFili fuhen universality, generality
IbjBMZX fuhentekina universal, omnipres-
ent, ubiquitous
дй fushin building, construction
b ia 1Й0 futsQno normal, regular, ordinary
ia ill fusen universal suffrage
la	fudanno usual, ordinary,
everyday, habitual
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with sf jin dynasty =>1701
553
1498-1499
В 3-9
2~р^~
± 1500
Н 2-3-9
► HONOR
SON tatto(i) toto(i) tatto(bu)
tdto(bu) [Ц taka takashi mikoto
Joyd-6	S12-3-9	K3426
C1213	©2324	U5C0A
-++- ICOMPOUNDSl
3 • honor, respect, venerate, esteem
sonchosuru respect, esteem,
value
%) sonkeisuru respect, esteem, honor,
revere
Й W'L? jisonshin (spirit of) self-respect, pride
0 [honorific] your HONORable, your
songan your countenance
sonpu your father
[KUN]
[tattoi	H ] exalted, august, awe-inspiring,
sacred
W V rWjSp tattoikdrei sacred old age
[totoi same as tattoi
[tattobu honor, respect, revere
W	kamiо tattobu revere God
[totobu same as tattobu
IHOMQPHONESI
tattoi ж NOBLE =>1669
totoi й NOBLE =>1669
tattobu M NOBLE =>1669
totobu Ж NOBLE =>1669
1501
H2-3-9
► GOOD
ZEN yo(i) Ц] yoshi
□	Jdyd-6	S12-3-9	K3317
30	B0766	©2325	U5584
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (having positive qualities) good
Um zen'i good intention; favorable sense
zenrydna good, virtuous
UK zensei good government
[administration]
KS kaizen improvement, amelioration
JIS saizen best
00 (morally excellent) good, virtuous
0 good, goodness, virtue, moral excellence
a zennin good people
Ufa* zenko good deed, benevolence
b SHE zen'aku good and evil
4SS gizen hypocrisy
© (on good terms) good, intimate
SIWM'S zenrinkankei good neighborly
relations
SS shinzen goodwill, friendly relations
IINDEPENDENTl
[zen UJ good, goodness, virtue
игж zen to aku good and evil
[kun]
[yoi UH] (morally excellent) good,
good-natured, virtuous, upright
UHfrH yoi okonai good deed
IS < U <C yokuyoku very carefully, very
closely; exceedingly
IHOMQPHONESI
Д GOOD =>2216
№ LIKE =>0155
incorrect classification
=>see D3-7-5:Uat 2086
H2-3-9
Ж ► LENIENT
KAN [Ц hiro hiroshi
1502 H2-3-10	40	Joyo	S13-3-10	K2018
		C1382	©2327	U5BDB
1500-1502
554
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 lenient, tolerant, largehearted, generous,
magnanimous, broad-minded
kandaina generous, magnanimous,
lenient
kan'yona tolerant, liberal, generous
HlHTZJ kankatsuna generous, large-
hearted
1503
H 2-3-10
► GO TO SLEEP
SHIN ne(ru) ne(kasu) ne(kaseru)
Joyo	S13-3-10	K3118
C1237	®2329	U5BDD
3-ю В
-------------------------------------------О
negaeri turning over in bed; chang-
ing sides, betray
ЙЙХ I’t <5 nebokeru be half asleep, be half
awake
Й^Ш^ш nemaki pajamas	'"4‘
^Й hirune siesta, nap
0 lie down
Й?БЛ>> nekorobu lie down
[nekasu ЙД*Т] put to sleep; bed down; lay -++-
down
Й/^ L-f'f И*Ъ nekashitsukeru lull (a child)
to sleep
[nekaseru ЙЙМ^] same as nekasu Й^
T
Ж Й	T Hr < fude о nekasete kaku
write with one’s brush slanted
incorrect classification
=>see H 2-4-9: at 1608
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
[original meaning]
0 go to sleep [bed], sleep
0 going to bed, sleeping, sleep
о Й o' shindai bed, sleeping berth
Й=Й shinshitsu bedroom
ЙМ shingu bedclothes, bedding
fushinban nightwatch
b ЙА shinshoku eating and sleeping
ЖЕЙ'З"shushin suru go to bed
[KUN]
[neru Й-Ы
O0 go to sleep [bed], retire (to bed)
0 sleep, fall asleep
0 be confined to one’s bed, be laid up
аЙ-ЬВФРв! nerujikan bedtime
b Й ne sleep
ЙИхГ netsuku go to sleep, fall asleep
Й1\1* cf netsuki going to sleep, falling asleep
ЙЖ nedoko bed
Йз§ nebukuro sleeping bag
Й4Й nebo late riser, sleepyhead; oversleep-
ing
ЙЖ neiki breathing of a sleeping person
ЙЙЙ negao one’s sleeping face
Й®<5 negaeru turn over in bed; go over to
the enemy, change sides, betray
И2-3-10
1504
H2-3-10
► BULK
SU kasa kasa(mu) Ц] taka
takashi take ко dake
Lil	Names	S13-3-10	K3183
46	D2906	<8)2331	U5D69
[KUN]
[kasa Ж J bulk, volume, size, quantity
SB IZ.о kasa nikakatte arrogantly,
highhandedly, overbearingly
Ж5й^> kasabaru be bulky [voluminous],
bulk large
ЙО toshikasano older,aged,elderly,
senior
ХКЖ mizukasa volume of water
ШЖЙ negasakabu high-priced stocks,
blue-chip shares
[kasamu ЖСЛ increase in volume [bulk],
accumulate; run up to a large sum
shakkin да kasamu get deeper
in debt
nigasami overstock, glut
555
1503-1504
И з-ю
► GRAVE
ВО haka
1505
- В2-3-10
±	Joyo-5	S13-3-10	K4272
32	C1422	©2332	U5893
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] grave, tomb
ЖЙ bohi tombstone, gravestone
Ж1Й bochi graveyard, cemetery, burial
grounds
ЖШ bohyd grave post, grave marker, grave-
stone
Ж^ bosan visit to a grave
[kun]
[haka Ж] grave, tomb, sepulcher; grave-
stone
Ж 'В hakaishi tombstone
Ж# ty hakamairi visit to a grave
1506
H2-3-10
► STORE UP
CHIKU takuwa(eru)
44-	Joyo	SI 3-3-10	K3563
140	C1251	<8)2333	U84C4
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф store UP, accumulate, amass, lay aside
chikuseki accumulation, stockpiling
chikudenchi storage battery, accu-
mulator
SteFl® chikuonki phonograph, gramophone
НИ chikuzai accumulation of wealth
ftrW'lT-b chochikusuru save (money), lay
aside
Ж Sr bichiku saving for [against] emergency,
storing
itH ganchiku implication, significance, sug-
gestiveness
[kun]
[takuwaeru H store up, lay in stock,
save, lay aside
И A. takuwae store, reserve, stock; savings
пепгуд о takuwaeru store
up fuel
IHOMOPHONESI
takuwaeru It layup =>®1509
takuwae If layup =>®1509
[note]
★do not confuse with W livestock =>1329
1507
H2-3-10
► SOW
JI SHI ma(ku) Ц] maki
44-	Names	S13-3-10	K2812
140	D2390	®2333.5	U8494
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф scatter
jikai (=makie) (gold [silver]) lac-
quering) (=makie)
[KUN]
[maku ЙК ]
О sow
S Й < tane о таки sow seed
0 scatter (powder)
makie (gold [silver]) lacquer(ing)
b W baramaku scatter; spend reck-
lessly
IHOMOPHONESI
maku j®(x =><8)736
I Г *	► STEAM
ZK	► EVAPORATE
j	JO mu(su) mu(reru)	mu(rasu)
1508 I Jdyo-61 S13-3-10 K3088
В 2-3-10	140 D1627 02334 U84B8
1505-1508
556
3-10
[COMPOUNDS!
О steam, heat with steam
kunjosuru fumigate, smoke
0 EVAPORATE
johatsu evaporation, volatilization; mys-
terious disappearance
josan transpiration
joryCi distillation
joki steam, vapor
[KUN]
[musu
О vt steam, heat with steam; foment
Ж L mushi steaming
LM'T mushigashi steamed cake
0 vi be sultry, be stuffy
mushiatsui sultry,sweltering
[mureru ] v/be STEAMed (to the
proper degree); be stuffy
[murasu вT) vt steam, cook by steam
meshi о murasu steam boiled
rice
[HOMOPHONES]
musu
£ LIFE =>®3497
Ж GIVE BIRTH =^®3298
1509
H2-3-10
► CURTAIN
► SHOGUNATE
MAKU BAKU
Ф	Jbyd-6	S13-3-10	K4375
50	B0830	02335	U5E55
10	11	12	13
[COMPOUNDS!
О [original meaning] curtain, screen
Ж Ж makuya tent, tabernacle; Makuya
(Original Gospel Movement of Japan)
tenmaku tent
И^ТЖ taremaku hanging screen, curtain
ЛЖ uchimaku inside facts, inner workings;
[original meaning] inner curtain
1^Жд£ jomakushiki unveiling ceremony
Ж enmaku smoke screen
0 theater act, scene
ВЯЖ kaimaku rising ofthe curtain;opening
scene of a play
JT Ж jomaku opening act, curtain raiser
^Ж shumaku end, close, curtainfall
0 shogunate, feudal government of Japan
Ж Ж bakuryo staff, staff officer
Ж)Й bakufu shogunate
IS Ж bakumatsu closing days ofthe
Tokugawa shogunate
&Ж sabaku adherence to the shogunate
[INDEPENDENT]
[maku Ж] curtain
Ж 31 «С maku о hiku draw a curtain
N> Д
1510
H2-3-10
► DREAM
MU yume
37	Jdyd-5	S13-3-10	K4420
36	B0999	02336	U5922
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] dream
musd dream, vision; daydream
5^® Ж musoka dreamer
mugen dream; vision; fantasy
muchude like one in a dream; like
one dazed; frantically
akumu nightmare, bad dream
Й®^ hakuchumu waking dream
[KUN]
[yume 1И DREAM
yumemiru dream, fancy
yumeuranai divination by means of
dreams
yumemakura ni in a dream
SJiF hatsuyume first dream ofthe New Year
1E^ masayume dream which comes true,
prophetic dream
557
1509-1510
В з-ю
ICOMPOUNDSI
- В2-3-10
► LOTUS
REN hasu hachisu
44-	Names	S13-3-10	K4701
140	D1819	№336.2	U84EE
0 LOTUS
51Ш renge lotus flower; Chinese milk vetch;
Chinese (porcelain) spoon
mokuren lily magnolia; cucumber tree;
Magnolia liliflora
[KUN]
[hasu ill lotus
51Й1 hasuike lotus pond
[hachisu elegant lotus
1512
H2-3-10
► PALE BLUE
SO ao(i) Ц] shigeru
4+-	Names	S13-3-10	K3383
140	D1954	®2507	U84BC
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] deep blue; green; gray
tfzfe sdsei people, the masses
boshoku-sozento
shite semaru Evening dusk is fast gath-
ering
0 (pale in appearance) green, pale
jfSZi sohakuna pale, pallid
© old, hoary
koshoku-sozentaru antique-
looking
0 hurried, flurried
5Йг1Жх soko to shite in great haste
[kun]
[aoi If H ] pale blue; pale; green
Ж/^lfV^ kaogaaoi look pale [green]
IHOMOPHONESI
aoi # BLUE =>1573
1513
H2-3-10
► COTTON ROSE
YO Ц] hiro
44-	Names	S13-3-10	K4554
140	D2415	№337	U84C9
[COMPOUNDS!
0 COTTON ROSE, hibiscus
fuyd cotton rose; lotus
1514
H 2-3-10
► RIGHTEOUSNESS
► MEANING
Gl (И yoshi nori yoshimi
¥	Joyo-5	S13-6-7	K2133
123	A0313	®2338	U7FA9
23456789
		^<4	^^4
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
00 righteousness, justice, right, morality
© righteous, just, upright
а 1ЕЙ seigi justice, righteousness
dogi morality, moral principles
tit jingi humanity and justice; moral code;
formal greeting among gamblers
jbgi justice and humanity
b ЙЛ gijin righteous man
ЙЙ gifun righteous indignation
0 faith, loyalty, duty
ЛЙ? gimu duty, obligation
giri sense of duty [honor], obligation,
debt of gratitude; justice; courtesy
Йв chugi loyalty, fidelity, devotion
{nil shingi fidelity, faith, loyalty
ongi obligation, debt of gratitude
0 meaning, sense, signification, significance
ЙЙ igi meaning, sense, signification, signifi-
cance
MtЙ! kdgi lecture
дЕЙ! teigi definition
jigi character definition, meaning of a
word [term]
ЙЙ gigi doubt, doubtful points
0 -in-law; step-, foster
1511-1514
558
3-11
gifu father-in-law; foster father, stepfa-
ther
ЙЯ gikei brother-in-law
gibo mother-in-law
► AFFECTIONATE
JI itsuku(shimu) Щ shige
-c?	Joyo	S13-4-9	K2792
61	DI 782	@2339	U6148
23456789
H2-3-10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] affectionate (towards
one's child), tender, gentle and loving, kind
MS jiai affection, love, benevolence
MS jibo affectionate [loving] mother
0 Buddhism compassion, active benevolence,
universal love, loving kindness
Mffi jihi mercy, compassion
MS jizen charity
MS jiu beneficial [welcome] rain
[KUN]
[itsukushimu M L be affectionate to,
treat tenderly, love
M itsukushimi affection, love
M Ь	Oya да ко о itsukushimu
Parents care tenderly for their children
1516
Я2-3-11
► HAPPY
KA yomi(suru) [Ц yoshi yoshimi
hiro
□	Names	S14-3-11	K1837
30	€1413	©2340	U5609
[COMPOUNDS!
• happy, auspicious, lucky, good
ЖЙП kasetsu happy [auspicious] occasion
Ж'И karei happy precedent, festive annual
custom
Ж 0 kajitsu auspicious day, good day
[KUN]
[yomisuru ЖТ<5 J commend (esp. an infe-
rior), praise, approve of, applaud
Ж E 0ЙЖ	ЖТ<5 kashin no koseki о
yomisuru approve one's retainer's
achievement
	► ROB DATSU uba(u)			
1517 H2-3-11				
	* 37	Joyo	S14-3-11	K3505
		C1016	©2343	U596A
i —				
1	2	3	I	4	5	6	7	8	9
				
io	и 1;	2	13	14		
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф rob, take by force, seize, deprive
L f T > H- J
SJS dakkan recapture, recovery
Ж dasshu capture, seizure
fflSW ryakudatsu pillage, plunder, looting
godatsusuru rob, seize, plunder;
hijack
ф-Sf sodatsu scramble, contest, struggle
hakudatsu suru deprive, divest
[kun]
[ubau W О J rob, take by force, deprive
ubaitoru plunder
ubaikaesu take back, recapture
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with W rouse up =>1532
1518
B2-3-11
	Joyo	S14-3-11	KI 841
40	D2140	©2344	U5BE1
ICOMPOUNDSl
О few, little
kashono few, little, scanty
kasen oligopoly
559
1515-1518
В 3-11
2	катокипа silent, taciturn, reticent
kabun having little knowledge (of), be-
ing ill-informed
taka quantity, number, amount
0 widow, widower, widowed spouse; wid-
owed
, ЖЙ kafu (=yamome) widow
1519
H2-3-11
► COURTEOUS
NEI Ц] yasu yasushi
Joyo	S14-3-11	K3911
D1728	02345	U5BE7
ICOMPOUNDSl
О courteous, polite
teineina polite, courteous
О peaceful, quiet, tranquil
Ж 0 neijitsu peaceful day
annei public peace, tranquility
1520
H2-3-11
► INSPECT
► GUESS
SATSU
Joyd-4	S14-3-11	K2701
B0520	02347	U5BDF
1	2	3	4	5	6
..........
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (examine officially) inspect, investigate,
examine
© (examine carefully) inspect, observe, scru-
tinize, examine
a US: keisatsu police, police station
shisatsu inspection, observation
junsatsu round of inspection, patrol
kensatsu criminal investigation; prose-
cution
3=ЕЖ sasatsu inspection, investigation
shinsatsu medical examination
ь ЖЖ kansatsu observation, supervision
ddsatsusuru see through, pene-
trate
0 guess, conjecture, infer, surmise, gather,
judge
satchisuru infer, gather
suisatsusuru guess, conjecture,
infer, imagine
kosatsusuru consider, contem-
plate, study
IINDEPENDENTl
[sassuru -6] GUESS, conjecture, infer,
gather, judge, imagine; sympathize with
sasshi guess, conjecturejudgment
1521
H2-3-11
► ADORE
BO shita(u)
	Joyo	S14-4-10	K4273
61	D2070	02353	U6155
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 adore, love deeply, be attached to
ЙСЖ'ТЪ keibosuru adore, love and respect,
admire
^ЕЖ renbo love, attachment
[KUN]
[shitau Ж O ] ADORE, love deeply, be at-
tached to; yearn for, long for
ЖЪЬН shitawashii dear,beloved
shitaiyoru approach in adoration
®(^^Жэ кокуд о shitau pine for home
1522
H2-3-11
► DUSK
► LIVE
BO ku(reru) ku(rasu) Щ kure
0	Jdyd-6	514-4-10	K4275
72	B0920	02354	U66AE
1519-1522
560
3-12 В
23456789
[COMPOUNDS!
ф [original meaning] dusk, nightfall
boshoku dusk, twilight scene
boya night
ЯК hakubo nightfall, dusk, twilight
[kun]
[kureru	grow dark; come to an end,
close
kure dusk, twilight, nightfall
H Ktl higure nightfall, dusk, evening
А'Ж KtlZl Kotoshi mo kureta The year
has come to an end
[kurasu Ц 6TJ (pass one's life) live, lead
one's life, spend one's day; (make a living) live,
earn one's livelihood
Sb L kurashi living, livelihood, subsistence;
circumstances
—AS 6 I/	<5 hitorigurashiо suru
live alone
K 6 LlAl A kurashimuki circumstances
H К 6 L sonohigurashi hand-to-
mouth life
1523
B2-3-11
► JAPANESE IVY
CHO tsuta Ц] kazura
-H-	Names	S14-3-11	K3653
140	D2751	®2355	U8526
[kun]
[tSUta JR] JAPANESE [Boston] IVY, ivy
Ж,ИХ tsutakazura ivyand vine, creepers
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-3-12:at 1530
Я2-3-11
Ф [original meaning] guest, visitor
hinkyaku (=hinkaku) guest, guest of
honor
ЯЙ kokuhin state guest
ЖЙ raihin guest, visitor
Й1ЙЙ1 geihinkan guest house [palace]
1525
H2-3-12
► BE IN EXTREMITY
KYO kiwa(meru) kiwa(maru)
kiwa(mari) kiwa(mi)
A	Joyo	S15-5-10	K2171
116	D1749	®2358	U7AAE
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 be in extremity, come to an extreme, be
in distress
0 destitute, poor
а ЙЙЁ kyuchi predicament, difficult situation,
dilemma
Й4£ kyujd distress, wretched condition
Й^ОЖ kyuyonosaku desperate measure
Й1Й kyuhaku straitened circumstances, dis-
tress
ЙН/£ kyukutsuna cramped, confined;
formal; poor
b Й2. куйЬд destitution, poverty
ЙЙ kyOrnin poor people, the poor
ЩЙ копкуй destitution, poverty, distress
ЙЙ hinkyu poverty
0 go to the extremity [extreme], go to the
limit, reach the end
561
1523-1525
В 3-12
2	Й®® куйкуокипо ultimate, extreme
[KUN]
[kiwameru ЙФ^]
0 carry to extremity, go to extremes, be ex-
tremely (cruel)
0 go to the extreme [end], reach an extreme,
-и- go to the highest point
а □ ^ЙФТ^ kuchiоkiwamete
homeru be lavish in another's praise
hinkonоkiwameru bere-
duced to extreme poverty, be extremely
poor
[kiwamaru Й <5 J come to an end, termi-
nate
Й^Й^-Ь michi ga kiwamaru come to a
dead end
[kiwamari Й 0 ] extremity, limit
Й 0 M H kiwamarinai extremely, in the
extreme
[kiwami Й<&] extremity, end, limit
Й^З^сГ kiwaminaki endless, without limit
IHOMQPHONESI
kiwameru
ffi EXTREME =>0695
STUDY EXHAUSTIVELY =^>1398
kiwamaru
ffi EXTREME =>0695
VALLEY =>®2043
kiwamari Ж extreme =>0695
kiwami IS extreme =>0695
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
lodging accommodations or similar facilities for use
by students, company employees or members of an
organization:
0 student dormitory, hostel
0 [also suffix] company dormitory, lodging
house, villa
a ryochd dormitory leader
ryobo matron of a dormitory
гудка dormitory song
^4. rydsei boarder
gakuryd dormitory, hostel; seminary
b lit^ koinryo dormitory for factory workers
dokushinryd company dormitory for
unmarried employees
IINDEPENDENTl
[ryd dormitory, lodging house, villa
rydnisumu live in a dormitory
ICOMPOUNDSl
О examine carefully, investigate
shingi deliberation, consideration, care-
ful discussion
shinsasuru examine, investigate,
judge
ЩВД shinpan (=shinban) refereeing, judg-
ment; referee, umpire
0 TRY, hold a court trial, hear, judge
Ъ shinrisuru try, examine, inquire
into
Srfol shinmon trial, hearing, formal interroga-
tion
0 detailed, clear
fushin doubt, question
1528
B2-3-12
► KILN
Yd kama
	Joyo	S15-5-10	K4550
116	D2075	®2361	U7AAF
1526-1528
562
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
* ceramics
ЖЖ ydgyd ceramics, ceramic industry
[KUN]
[ката Ж J kiln, oven, furnace, stove; pottery
ЖтЕ kamamoto pottery
Ж® kamajirushi potter's mark
IHOMOPHONESI
kama
=>02107
ЙГ =>01437
incorrect classification
=>see В2-5-10:^ at 1677
H2-3-12
1529
H 2-3-12
► PLANTAIN
SHO
-44-	Names	S15-3-12	K3054
140	D2037	@2363.5	U8549
3-12 В
йтй£ chozd storage, preservation
4Х/Ж shuzo garnering, storage
shizosuru hoard (up), keep
(something) idle
hizo treasuring
ZtjBcJS reizoko refrigerator
naizosuru have (a thing) within,
have (something) built in	4+‘
© own, possess, keep (a collection of books)
ЯВсИг zosho one's library, book collection
ВсФ zohon one's library
pJfBc shozo possession
© abbrev. of зкМ W okurashd: Ministry of
Finance
BM zosho Minister of Finance
[KUN]
[kura BU STOREhouse (for temporary pres-
ervation), storeroom, godown
BcHj L kuradashi delivery of goods from a
storehouse
ЖЖ komegura rice granary
^cBgW okurashd Ministry of Finance
[HOMOPHONES]
kura
> STOREHOUSE =>1334
Ж STORAGE CHAMBER =>1985
ICOMPOUNDSl
• PLANTAIN
□ГЖ basho Japanese banana plant, Musa
Basjoo; plantain
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж scorch =>1771
► STORE
ZO kura
-44-	Jdyo-6	S15-3-12	K3402
140	B0581	@2364	U8535
1530
H2-3-12
[COMPOUNDS]
О store, put away, lay by
1531
H2-3-12
► FOSTER
YO yashina(u)
£	Joyo-4	S15-9-6	K4560
184	B0893	@2365	U990A
ICOMPOUNDSl
©0 foster, bring up, raise to maturity, rear,
support, care for
© (affording parental care) foster (parent),
adopted
О breed, raise (animals or plants), keep
a Ъ ydikusuru foster, bring up, edu-
cate
НИ yogo protective care
563
1529-1531
В 3-13
2	ft jt fuyo support, maintenance
b St ft ydshi foster [adopted] child
r	56	yofu foster father
с 56 Ж ydshoku culture, cultivation, raising
5616 yokei chicken raising
56^Я1 ydmozai hair tonic
in 56 ft-S baiyd suru cultivate, culture, incu-
bate
00 foster one's intellect, cultivate one's
mind, train
© foster one's physical strength, nurse,
cure
а 'b yoseisuru train, educate, bring up
Й16 кубуд culture, education, cultivation
ft 56 shuyd mental culture, cultivation of the
mind, character-building
b ft 56 куйуд rest, recuperation, relaxation
ryoyosuru recruit one's health,
recuperate, receive medical care
0 nourishment
ft 46 eiyd nutrition, nourishment
Ж 56 jiyd nourishment, nutrition
[KUN]
[yashinau 56 d J foster, bring up, raise to
maturity, rear, support, care for; breed, raise
animals, keep
56 И yashinai bringing up, nurture; nutrition,
nourishment, sustenance
56 И ft yashinaigo foster [adopted] child
56^W~Cft yashinaisodateru foster, bring
up, rear
1532	► ROUSE UP FUN furu(u)			
		Jdyd-6	S16-3-13	K4219
B2-3-13	37	C1560	@2367	U596E
0 rouse up, rouse oneself (to action), be
stirred up, be stimulated, be enlivened
0 be ROUSEd up, get excited, be angered
0 energetically, strenuously, vigorously,
courageously
a	funkisuru rouse [bestir] oneself,
rise (to the occasion)
happun suru be stimulated, be
inspired, be roused
kanpunsuru be inspired, be
moved to action
b«S kdfun excitement, agitation, stimulation
c SWcft'b funsen suru fight desperately,
fight hard
ЖИ fungeki fierce attack
8 ft funjin dashing forward impetuously
W®) funrei strenuous efforts [exertions]
funzento resolutely, courageously,
vigorously
Ъ funpatsusuru exert oneself, make
strenuous efforts; come down hand-
somely
[kun]
[furuu Й S1 ROUSE UP, rouse oneself,
arouse
BoT furutte with energy, strenuously;
heartily, willingly
yukiofuruiokosu mus-
ter up one's courage
[HOMOPHONES]
furuu
jg SWING =>0316
Й QUAKE =>1794
f? WIELD =>®589
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with # ROB =^1517
► CONSTITUTION
KEN Ц] nori kazu toshi
1533	О	Jdyd-6	S16-4-12	K2391
H 2-3-13	61	B0503	®2368	U61B2
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 constitution, code of laws
ЖЙ kenpd constitution, constitutional law
1532-1533
564
ЖВС kensei constitutional government
ЖЖ kensho constitution, charter
seikensuru establish a constitu-
tion
ел Ж И gokenteki constitutional
л£Ж rikken constitutionalism
1534
► THIN
HAKU usu(i) usu- -usu
usu(meru) usu(maru) usu(ragu)
usu(ra)- usu(reru) Ц] usuki
140	Joyo	S16-3-13	K3986
	C1055	02370	U8584
H2-3-13
O0 (not thick)thin, flimsy
0 (lacking intensity)thin, weak
a hakuhen thin leaf; slice
ЙЖ hakuhyd thin ice; danger
JUS kohaku (relative) thickness
b hakko pale light, faint light
hakurikiko wheat flour of low viscos-
ity
kihakuna dilute, thin, rare, sparse
0 meager, scanty, little, small (amount)
Й£п hakkyu meager [scanty, small] salary
Й?IJ hakuri small profits, low interest
йпй hakusha small remuneration, small to-
ken of gratitude
Й1)§Ж hakujaku na weak, feeble, frail
00 frivolous, flippant, light, unthoughtful
0 lacking warmth, cold, heartless
а ®Й££ keihakuna insincere, frivolous, flip-
pant, fickle
fuhakuna frivolous, fickle, insincere
?^ЙЖ senpaku na shallow, superficial,
flimsy
b Й1Й& hakujona unfeeling, heartless, cruel
kokuhakuna cruel, inhumane
[KUN]
[usui ЙН]
О (not thick)thin,flimsy
3-13 В
--------------------------------------------2
Й И® usuiita thin plate, sheet
usugisuru be thinly dressed
©0 (not dense)thin, weak, watery
0 (of colors) pale,thin, light
0 (of taste) light, slightly salted
a Si/0^'Й V * kami ga usui have thin hair	'"ч
b Я V *fi usui iro light color
c	ajigausui lightly seasoned
[USU- Й-J
О (not thick)thin
ЙЙЕ usugami thin paper
0 (low in intensity or degree) slightly
Йв 0 0 usugumori no slightly cloudy
[-usu -Й] [also suffix] scarcity (of), shortage
(of)
ппЙ shinausu scarcity of goods, shortage of
stock
teusuna short of hands
Ж^Й/^ kitaiusu da be of little hope, not
to be depended on
[usumeru й^)^>] vTthin, lighten, weaken,
dilute
mizu de usumeru dilute with
water, water down
[usumaru Й1£<5] v/thin out [down], be
diluted
[usuragu S b vifade, become dim
HZl Hikariga usuraida The light
has faded
[usura- й b-] [also prefix] (low in intensity or
degree) slightly, somewhat, rather
usurasamui chilly, rather cold,
somewhat cold
Й 6 ИЙ usurabaka dimwit, simpleton,
sluggard
[usureru	same as usuragu ЙЬ<"
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with й record book =>1748
</ ь
1535
H2-3-13
► BALMY
KUN kao(ru) IU kaori shige
-++-	Joyo	S16-3-13	K2316
140	D1790	02371	U85AB
565
1534-1535
В 3-13
ф [original meaning] balmy, sweet-smelling,
fragrant
ЖЖ кипрй balmy breeze
ЖЙ? kun'en fragrant smoke
[KUN|
[ kaoru It -61 look sweet-smelling [balmy],
look fragrant
Ж 0 kaori fragrance, aroma
Wakaba ga kaoru The fresh
verdure looks sweet-smelling
IHOMOPHONESI
kaoru W SWEET SMELL =>1637
kaori § SWEET smell =>1637
1536
H2-3-13
► BUTTERBUR
RO fuki RU Ц] tsuyu
	Names	S16-3-13	K4189
140	D2906	№372	U8557
[kun]
[fuki ЙИ BUTTERBUR
1537
H2-3-13
► RECOMMEND
SEN susu(meru) Щ komo
	Joyo	S16-3-13	K3306
140	C1034	№373	U85A6
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
ф recommend (a person to a post or a prod-
uct)
senkyo recommendation
•fftBfTT-S suisensuru recommend, nominate
Ё1ЙВ jisen self-recommendation
[KUN]
[susumeru ЖФ-5] recommend (a person
to a post or a product to a person)
.ni susumerarete on the
recommendation of...
IHOMOPHONESI
susumeru
URGE =>1202
ENCOURAGE =>№842
it ADVANCE =>1991
fr
1538
H2-3-13
► FIREWOOD
SHIN takigi makiv
-H-	Joyo	S16-3-13	K3137
140	D2428	®2374	U85AA
..1.... 2.. 3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
• FIREWOOD, wood for fuel
shintan firewood and charcoal
ffZk shinsui cooking
[KUN]
[takigi Wf J firewood
Sfitn И takigihiroi firewood gathering
► DRUG
YAKU kusuri Ц] kusu
1539 H2-3-13	140	Jdyd-3	S16-3-13	K4484
		B0682	®2375	U85AC
[  ’— \'X—1				r
1	2	3	4		5		6	7	8	9
				
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] [original meaning] drug, medicine,
remedy, pharmaceutical
ЖЙ0 yakuzai medicine, drugs
Жпп yakuhin medicine, drug; chemicals
Ж/S yakkyoku drugstore, pharmacy
1536-1539
566
ЖЗЙ уаккб effect of a medicine
ЙЖ may аки narcotic, drug
ЕЖ iyaku medicine, drug; medical practice
and dispensary
®Ж seiyaku pharmaceutical manufacture
И>Ж mydyaku miracle drug, golden remedy
й Il Ж ichoyaku medicine for the stomach
and bowels
О chemical, compound
ИЖ noyaku agricultural chemicals
ЙЖ shiyaku (chemical) reagent
^<Ж kayaku gunpowder
ШЖ bakuyaku explosive compound, blast-
ing powder
[KUN]
[kusuri Ж J drug, medicine, remedy; pow-
dered medicine, pill; chemical
ЖЖ kusuriya drugstore
nomigusuri medicine, internal medi-
cine
®3?Ж kazegusuri remedy for a cold
Жйа kusuriyubi third finger, ring finger
3-15 В
—-------------------------------------- 2
IHOMOPHONESI
mine lW PEAK =>0306
rrn. H2-3-14	incorrect stroke-count	
	=^see B2-3-15:-*	- at 1543
	incorrect stroke-count	
B2-3-14	=>see H2-3-13:-*	- at 1537
► FEUDAL DOMAIN
HAN
1541 H2-3-15	140	Joyo	S18-3-15	K4045
		D1857	©2379	U85E9
1	2	3	4 5 5ЯЖ		/	Q Q 	6	7	8	9		
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
1540
H2-3-14
► RIDGE
REI RYO mine ne
Uj	Names	517-3-14	K4670
46	D1796	©2376	U5DBA
IcompoundsI
• RIDGE, ridge of a mountain, summit, peak
bunsuirei ridge, watershed
ЙЖ kairei (submarine) ridge
®тЙ setsurei snow-capped peak
I^tS shunrei steep peak, high rugged moun-
tain
[KUN]
[mine
O0 (summit or vicinity of a summit) peak, sum-
mit, RIDGE
0 high mountain
© back of a sword
[ne Hi] elegant peak, summit, ridge; high
mountain
takanenohana flower on the in-
accessible heights; unattainable object
0 han: feudal domain (governed by a
daimyo in Edo Japan), fief; feudal clan
0 suffix after names of feudal domains
a iWK hanko han school
SFrt hannai within the han
Й11Я hanbatsu clan favoritism, clanship
haihan abolition of the han system
b	satsumahan Satsuma Han
1542
H2-3-15
► COCOON
KEN mayu
&	Joyo	S18-6-12	K4390
120	D2428	©2380	U7E6D
fl fil гп.Ю.й
123456789
Й Й Й Й
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] cocoon
kenshi cocoon and silk-thread, silk-
thread
ЙМ кепка price of cocoons
567
1540-1542
ICOMPOUNDSl
• ORCHID
M ЙЙоЙ ransaibaiho orchidology
В 3-15
|KUN]
[mayu MJ cocoon
ЙЗЕ mayudama festive cocoons
JUL		► INDIGO RAN ai			
1543		-f-H	Names	S18-3-15	K4585
B2-3-15		140	D2071	®2381	U85CD
ICOMPOUNDSl 0 [also prefix] indigo blue, deep blue, blue © indigo plant, indigo dye а	ranju-hoshd Blue Ribbon Medal ranshoseki cyanite Wlni seiran indigo blue b	shutsuran no homare surpass- ing one's master [KUN] [ai Japanese indigo plant, indigo plant; indigo blue ainisomeru dye deep blue Safe aiiro indigo blue					
		► WISTERIA TO fuji			
1544		-+H	Names	S18-3-15	K3803
H2-3-15		140	A0254	®2382	U85E4
ICOMPOUNDSl © WISTERIA ЖХШ katto complication, troubles, discord [kun] [fuj’i jB] wisteria; light purple, lilac fujidana wisteria trellis [arbor] Jt 0 Ж noborifuji lupine SBfe fujiiro light purple, lilac					
—I	1-4-^	► ORCHID			
г r	► ALGAE SO mo			
				
1546	-++-	Joyo	S19-3-16	K3384
И2-3-16	140	D2072	®2384	U85FB
• [original meaning] algae, seaweed
sorui algae, seaweed
Will kaiso marine algae, seaweed, kelp
/ШОК ryokusd green algae
[KUN]
[mo SU algae, duckweed, seaweed
SSJPT mokuzu seaweed
► CRAG
GAN iwao iwa Щ gen take
itsuku yoshi
1547
H2-3-17
ICOMPOUNDSl
111	Names	S20-3-17	K2064
46	D1964	®2386	U5DCC
© [original meaning] crag, (massive) rock
ЖйЙ ganto top of a massive rock
ЖЙХ gankutsu cave, rocky cavern
kigan massive rock of unusual shape
[KUN]
[iwao Ж1 massive rock, crag
[iwa Ж) rock, crag
[HOMOPHONES]
1545
H2-3-16
RAN
-H-	Names	S19-3-16	K4586
140	D1850	®2383	U862D
iwa
S ROCK =>1423
IT =>®2850
1543-1547
568
1548
В2-4-1
► DAYBREAK
TAN DAN ® asa aki akira
0	Names	S5-4-1	K3522
72	D2372	®2389	U65E6
[COMPOUNDS!
00 [original meaning] daybreak, dawn, morn,
morning
© first day, day
a Л-B tanbo morn and eve, dawn and dusk
ДЖ tanseki morning and evening, day and
night
—* B. ittan once; for a while
b 7E.B gantan New Year's Day
Л J=L gettan criticism, comment
0 master, gentleman; husband
B.3I5 danna master, husband, patron, protec-
tor; sir; [original meaning] donor
В 2-4-1
1549
В 2-4-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-5-1: zfc at 1612
► EARLY
► QUICK
SO SAT- haya(i) haya haya-
haya(maru) haya(meru) saJ
Ц] hayashi
в	Joyo-1	S6-4-2	K3365
72	A0427	@2390	U65E9
i пне >
1 ..2....3....4...5....6..
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 [original meaning] (near the beginning of a
time period) early
© (occurring before the usual time) early,
premature
a Ж1Й socho early morning
ЖМ1 soki early stage
Ж§ soshun early spring
Ж^ soban sooner or later
b Ж^-ЙЖ sdjukuna precocious, forward
ЖЩ sosei early death
Ж^ sbzan premature birth
Ж)й sotai leaving earlier than usual
4-2 В
ЙЖ0 shosono premature
0 quick, fast
ЖЖ sosb quickly, without delay, immedi-
ately; early
ЖЙ sassoku immediately
ЖЖ Ж sakkyO (=sdkyu) ni urgently, press-
ing^, in a hurry
[KUN]
[hayai W]
О early, premature
Ж< hayaku early, soon; early age [time]
ЖЖ hayabaya to early, promptly
4э Ж d ohayd Good morning!
0 Stl/Д-Ж V * Higure ga hayai Dusk falls
early
SI ItZ. Ж	t&XVb oya ni hayaku
shinareru be orphaned while still young
0 (requiring little time) quick, prompt
hayai hanashi ga in short
ЖИЖ hayaikoto quickly
ЮТн mimi ga hayai be quick-eared
Ж о 1X О Ж < tettoribayaku expeditiously,
with dispatch
[haya Ж J already, now
ЖЖ mohaya already; no longer
^Ж¥Й/с Gogatsu mo haya nakaba
da It's already the middle of May
[haya- Ж-]
О EARLY
ЖЁсГ hayaoki early rising
ЖлА'Ё» hayadachi early morning departure
Ж^сТ hayabiki early leaving
ЖЯЕ'Тhayanesuru go to bed early
0 [also prefix] quick, fast, rapid
ЖЖJi hayamihyd list, chart
ЖЖ hayawaza quick work, (clever) feat
Ж □ hayakuchi fast [rapid] talking
[hayamaru Ж£<5]
О take place ahead of time
tSlW ВД Ж ЖЖ & tz?>	Tsuyuake wa
hayamaru dard The rainy season will
end early
0 be rash, be too hasty, act rashly
Ж^оТ hayamatte in one's hurry
[ hayameru Ж -51 perform an action
early, do ahead of time
[ ш К 1 К fl fl fl -B- -$\ ]
569
1548-1549
В 4-2
2 ИВ В ДЙ-5 kijitsu о hayameru advance
the date (of)
[sa- Ж-J young, supple
□	saotome rice-planting girl; girl
w ДЙ sanae rice sprouts
IHOMOPHONESI
hayai QUICK =>1978
, _ haya- Ж QUICK =>1978
7 4 hayameru JS QUICK =>1978
sa- Ф SMALL =>®7
H 2-4-2
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-4-3: at 1555
incorrect classification/
stroke-count
=>see □ 3-4-3: at 2044
H 2-4-2
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-4-2: at 2039
H 2-4-2
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-4: at 1272
0 [original meaning] shine, glow, glitter
у£!Ш kdsho shining
7^8^ Ъ kokiaru shining, brilliant, glorious,
splendid
© honor, glory
^y*C eiko glory
0 scenery, sight
7*сЖ kokei spectacle, sight, scene
Жу*С fukd (beautiful) scenery, natural beauty
llyt kanko sightseeing
[KUN]
[hikaru y£ <5 ] shine, emit light, glitter,
sparkle
yt 0 И < hikarikagayaku shine brilliantly
т’с ^9 hikarimono luminous body like a
shooting star; any bright metal
[hikari yt] light, flash, sparkle, beam
S§yt inabikari lightning
1551
H 2-4-2
► JOINT
KYO tomo tomo(ni) -domo
Joyo-4	S6-2-4	K2206
A0178	02393	U5171
И 2-4-2
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-2-4: at 1271
— it Jt ^t
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
► LIGHT
KO hika(ru) hikari Щ mitsu teru
akira mitsuru mitsushi hiroshi aki
1550
H 2-4-2
JL	Joyo-2	S6-2-4	K2487
10	B0553	02391	U5149
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] light, glow
ЗОЖ kosen ray (of light), beam
konetsu light and heat
kokagaku photochemistry
В yt nikkd sunshine, sunlight
Я yt gekko moonlight, moonshine
hakkosuru radiate, emit light
FJj7*C taiyoko sunlight
© [original meaning] joint, united, together, co-
|H] 0 kyodo no joint; common, concerted,
united; public
kyotsuno common
kydtsugo common language; lingua
franca
kyowakoku republic
kydwasei republicanism
kydsai joint auspices, cosponsorship
kyokan sympathy
й'Ж kyden coacting, costarring
Д-ЙЕЙ kyosanto Communist Party
kydzon coexistence
kyoto joint struggle, common [united]
front
W kyocho joint authorship, coauthorship
кудуйпо commonjoint
Ъ кудуд suru share, use in common
1550-1551
570
iift0 кдкудпо public,common
[KUN]
[tomo ft]
[in compounds]
0 JOINT/ together, simultaneous
0 both, neither; including
a ft^af tomokasegi working together (for a
living), working in double harness
tomodaore falling together, joint
bankruptcy
ftft tomodomo together, in common
b iM^ft ryohdtomo both, the two
i^Mft soryotomo including postage
[tomoni ft(^]
О together
ft A А ЙГ Z)>T tomoni ten о itadakazu
cannot live together under the canopy
of heaven
0 both, alike
SHft	boshi tomoni both mother and
child
[-domo -ft] belittling or humble plural
suffix
?Aft watakushidomo we
IHOMQPHONESI
tomo
ft OFFER =>0066
Ж FRIEND =>1873
ЯЯ COMRADE =>0593
tomoni =><8)111
-domo ft offer =>0066
1552
В 2-4-2
► AHEAD
SEN saki ma(zu)A
JL	Joyo-1	S6-2-4	K3272
10	A0185	(8)2394	U5148
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (at the head or front)
ahead, fore, before, forward
0 go ahead, precede
а АЁЙ sento forefront, head, top
Affi^ senkusha pioneer, forerunner
Al® senjin advance guard, vanguard
4-2 В
----------------------------------------------- 9
АЖ А"Ъ senken suru send ahead [in ad-
vance]
AA<b sossen suru take the lead
[initiative]
b A fl А%) senko suru precede, go ahead of H
AjfiBI senshinkoku advanced [developed]
nation [country]
0 (antecedent in time or order) ahead of, in
advance, first, previous, preceding, prior,
beforehand
A^AЪ senpatsu suru start in advance, go
ahead, precede	м/
A# senchaku first arrival
А^ГХЖЪ senshu suru take first, score first
AJRL senken foresight, anticipation	я-
A$t senketsu previous decision, prior set-
tlement	T
А АЖ sennyukan preconception, bias,	/К
prejudice
AS senban one's turn to make the first
move
A« senpai senior, superior, elder
A A sensei teacher; doctor
Ж A yusen preference, priority
©0 last (week, etc.)
0 the other (day), recently
а АЛ sengetsu last month
A® senshu last week
A A® sensenshu week before last
b A H senjitsu the other day, a few days ago
АзЙТ sendatte the other day, some time
ago; lately
0 (pointed end) point, end, tip
ASfi sentan pointed end, tip; spearhead;
vanguard
Aft senpei advance-guard point; advance
detachment
[KUN]
[saki A]
O0 (at the front) ahead, away, off
0 the head, the lead; the first; precedence
a HAD A IC sankiro sakini three kilometers
ahead
В A mesaki before one's eyes; near future;
foresight; appearance
JifiA misesaki storefront
Ж“Э A massaki head, beginning
b A A A %> saki ni suru give priority (to)
571
1552
В 4-2
2--------------------------------------------------
© [usu. followed by particle]
0 ahead of, in advance, prior to, previously,
beforehand
□	0 previous, former, ex-; recent
n a IC saki ni previously, beforehand, formerly
yfc	к) С Ъ sakinjiru go ahead, precede; fore-
ф,	stall, get the start of
т’сЙ'Э sakidatsu precede, go before; die
2^	before
тИДН sakibarai payment in advance, pay-
ment on delivery
м/. b	saki no sori daijin former
prime minister
sakigoro sometime ago, the other day
/4- © point, tip, end
,	sakibosono tapering
JfV tsumasaki tip of a toe, tiptoe, toe
zj>	pensaki pen point, nib
tesaki fingers; tool, implement
0 [also suffix] destination, place
fTaSTfc ikisaki (=yukisaki) one's destination
atesaki destination, address
kinmusaki one's place of employ-
ment
renrakusaki where to make contact
[mazu jtT] first, to begin with; nearly,
hardly, on the whole; anyway; well, now
incorrect classification
=>see И4-6-3 at 2199
H 2-4-2
1553
H 2-4-2
► INFERIOR
RETSU oto(ru)
	Joyo	S6-2-4	K4684
19	D1613	@2395	U52A3
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
© (lower in quality or status) inferior, poor,
subgrade, low-grade; weak
rettdkan inferiority complex
retsuakuna inferior, coarse
yuretsu superiority or inferiority, quality
hiretsuna mean, base, cowardly
[KUN]
[otoru -6 ] be inferior to, be worse than,
be second to
Ъ miotori да suru compare un-
favorably [poorly] with, be not so good
as
masaru to mo otoranu
not at all inferior to
1554
H 2-4-3
ICOMPOUNDSl
► APRICOT
KYO AN anzu
ж	Names	S7-4-3	K1641
75	D2247	02397	U674F
© [original meaning], apricot tree; apricot
anzu apricot; apricot tree
kydnin apricot stone
kydrin doctor
lUlzf ginnan (=ichd) ginkgo nut, ginkgo tree
[kun]
[anzu apricot; apricot tree
anzujamu apricot jam
1555
H 2-4-3
► PLUM
RI sumomo Ц] i momo
*	Names	S7-4-3	K4591
75	C1315	@2398	U674E
ICOMPOUNDSl
© plum tree; plum
rika plum blossoms
(E S £ IE $ T Rika ni kanmuri о
tadasazu Refrain from doing anything
that may incur suspicion
[KUN]
[sumomo plum, Japanese plum, prune;
plum tree
hoshisumomo prune
[note]
★do not confuse with season =>1624
1553-1555
572
4-3
1556
В 2-4-3
► СОМЕ ТО TERMS
DA
	Joyo	S7-3-4	K3437
38	C1013	02400	U59A5
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
О соме то terms, compromise, arrive at an
understanding, agree
dakyo compromise, agreement, under-
standing
daketsu compromise, agreement, un-
derstanding
О appropriate, proper, satisfactory
datdna proper, appropriate
H2-4-3	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-4-3: 5* at 2044
H2-4-3	incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>see □ 3-4-2: at 2039
Я2-4-3	incorrect classification =>seeH2-1-6: at 1236
H2-4-3	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-5M at 1288
► SAY NO
► OR NOT
HI ina
1557
В 2-4-3
□	Joyo-6	S7-3-4	K4061
30	B0644	@2406	U5426
IcompoundsI
О say no, negate, deny
hiteisuru deny, negate
SS: hiketsu rejection, voting down, nega-
tion
hinin denial, negation
JES kyohi denial, rejection
0 or not—used as the second element of a
compound to negate the meaning of the first
MS rydhi good or bad, quality
SS tohi right or wrong, justice; propriety
US sanpi approval or disapproval; yes or no
[KUN]
[ina 'S'l literary no, nay
St? inamu refuse, decline
inamenai undeniable, incontro-
vertible
S4^ inaya (whether...) or not; objection; as
soon as, no sooner than
E n [ HMM Mr K- W iM J
► I
GO ware waga- a-
1558	□	Names	S7-3-4	K2467
H 2-4-3	30	D1622	@2407	U543E
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] i
WA gojin literary we
[KUN]
[ware WJ
0 elegant i; we
0 slang you
a warera we, I; you
[waga- W-J literary my; our
WW wagahai I
[a- W-] elegant my
ako my child
[HOMOPHONES]
ware ® SELF =>2208
waga- self =>2208
1559
В 2-4-3
► WHEAT
BAKU mugi
	Joyo-2	S7-7-0	K3994
199	C1544	@2408	U9EA6
573
1556-1559
[ f?	мд
4-3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 wheat, barley, oats, rye
bakushu wheat harvest [season]; early
summer
Sift bakuka price of wheat
bakuga wheat germ, malt
bakushu (=biru) beer
seibaku cleaning barley or wheat; pol-
ished barley or wheat
[kun]
[mugi S3 wheat, barley, oats, rye
ЗсДН mugibatake wheat field
komugi wheat
bmugi barley
VH'Sc raimugi rye
ISPECIAL READINGS]
3SxScA soba buckwheat noodles, soba;
buckwheat
ST Sell* sobaya soba restaurant [vendor]
kankoku advice, counsel, recommenda-
tion
О accuse of (an offense), sue, accuse, appeal to
the law
д’Ur ^"<5 kokusosuru sue, complain, accuse
in kokuhatsu prosecution, indictment, ac-
cusation
_Ы=Г jokoku final appeal
Ж in hikoku defendant, the accused
дп senkoku sentence,verdict,pronounce-
ment
15Г in bukoku false accusation
|KUN|
[tsugeru in W<5 ] tell, inform, let know;
notify, announce; bid, tell, order
ЗэспМ1 otsuge oracle, revelation
in W □ tsugeguchi taletelling
H 2-4-4
incorrect classification
=>see H2-2-6: at 1299
1560
В 2-4-3
► NOTIFY
коки tsu(geru)
□	Jdyd-4	S7-3-4	K2580
30	A0237	@2409	U544A
1561
В 2-4-4
ICOMPOUNDSl
► EASY
► EXCHANGE
EKI I yasa(shii) yasu(i)A Ц] yasu
yasushi
0	Jdyd-5	S8-4-4	K1655
72	B0523	@2411	U6613
O0 (let know, esp. in writing) notify, inform,
announce, advise, tell, report
0 (make widely known) notify, announce,
proclaim
а	kokuchisuru notify, announce
jll rftsukokusuru notify, announce
hokoku report, information
Ф cf shinkoku report, statement, notification
T n yokoku advance notice, preliminary an-
nouncement
4a o' kokoku public notice
kokoku public notice; advertisement
b in 7K kokuji notification, bulletin
0 advise, instruct, warn, admonish
chukoku advice; counsel, warning; ad-
monition
Win keikoku warning,admonition
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] (without difficulty) easy, simple
yoina easy, simple
an'ina easy, easygoing
kan'i na simple, simplified; easy
heiina plain, simple, easy
0 exchange, trade
Я Hr bdeki trade, commerce
35^ kdeki trade, commerce
О divination, fortunetelling
ekisha fortuneteller, diviner
ekigaku science of divination
[kun]
[yasashii i easy, simple
L $ yasashisa easiness
1560-1561
574
4-4
|а	yasashii bunsho easy [simple]
writing
[yasui ЛзИ]
0 easy, simple
0 [verbal suffix] easy (to do)
a la Ла	yasuyasuto easily, without difficulty
4э la V> oyasuigoyd easy request
kowareyasui break easily, fragile
V la wakariyasui easy to understand
IHOMOPHONESI
yasashii в superior =>0130
yasui & PEACEFUL =>1373
► PROSPERING
SHO Ц] masa aki masashi akira
atsu yoshi atsushi sakae
1564
H 2-4-4
в	Names	S8-4-4	K3027
72	C1262	®2414	U660C
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 prospering, flourishing, prosperous, glori-
ous
Sila hanjo prosperity
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with W risk =>1576

► HIGH
КО Ц] taka takashi noboru akira
aki
1562
H 2-4-4
В	Names	S8-4-4	K2523
72	D2537	®2412	U6602
	► ASCEND SHO nobo(ru) Ц] nori nobori nobu			
1565 В 2-4-4	в 72	Joyo	S8-4-4	K3026
		B0821	®2415	U6607
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 HiGH-spirited, excited, elated
гпЖ kofun excitement, agitation, stimulation
kbshinsuru rise, exasperate, accel-
erate
koydsuru exalt, enhance, uplift;
surge up
gekko suru get excited, be exas-
perated, become indignant
LT ikikenko to shite in high
spirits
[note]
★do not confuse with Pleiades =^1579
1563
В 2-4-4
► INSECT
KON
В	Joyo	S8-4-4	K2611
72	D1861	<8)2413	U6606
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 insect; swarm of insects
.ttJb konchu insect
konbu (=kobu) sea tangle, kelp
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] ascend, rise, go up
0 ascend to a higher rank, rise in rank, be
promoted
a shoten the Ascension; death
□ shokoguchi entrance, hatchway
joshosuru ascend, rise
b й-Ф&ТГЪ shokaku suru be promoted
[raised] to a higher status
Ц-ХШТЪ shoshin suru be promoted, rise in
rank
Юп shokyu salary raise
[KUN]
[noboru
0 (rise up to the sky) ascend, rise
0 ascend to a higher rank, rise in rank, be
promoted
a ib # <5 Taiyo wa higashi kara
noboru The sun rises in the east
® О TfT < Kemuriga nobotte iku
Smoke is going up
b	kurai ga noboru rise in rank
IHOMOPHONES]
noboru
± UP =>2128
575
1562-1565
В 4-4
& CLIMB =>1661
В ”1566
lh В2-4-4
► WALK
НО BU FU aru(ku) ayu(mu)
® ayumi
It	Joyo-2	S8-4-4	K4266
77	B0536	®2416	U6B69
ЧЧ/1	Z	3	4	ь	6	/	U
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] walk, go on foot
hokdsuru walk
«Д.	hokosha pedestrian
hokosha-tengoku pedestrians'
"paradise" (an area of streets temporarily
closed to vehicular traffic)
hodo sidewalk, footpath
ф Д hohei foot soldier, infantry
Ъ sanpo suru go for a walk [stroll]
toho walking, going on foot
00 step, pace
0 steps, progress, course, path
0 counter for steps
a	hocho pace, step, cadence
hosu number of steps
b	shinpo progress, advancement, im-
provement
shoho first steps, rudiments, the ABCs
(of)
ЖФ joho concession, compromise
1ИФ taiho retrogression, backward step; de-
terioration
c niho two steps
0 percentage, rate
Фо1 buai rate, percentage; commission
[KUN]
[aruku Ф < ] walk, go on foot, step
Ф gT 0 Ъ arukimawaru walk about, walk to
and fro, pace around
< mochiaruku carry about
[ayumu elegant walk, step
ayumi walking; step, pace
[Z Ф jidai to tomoni ayumu
move along with the times
f	► ASSENT
KO
1567	Я	Joyo	S8-4-4	K2546
B2-4-4	130	D1926	®2417	U80AF
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 assent, nod agreement, consent, permit
WSi kdtei affirmation, affirmative
shuko suru assent, nod one's as-
sent, consent
1568
H 2-4-4
► FLAME
► INFLAMMATION
EN hono Ц] homura
Joyo	S8-4-4	K1774
C1253	®2420	U708E
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] flame, blaze
© (figuratively) flames (as of passion)
a 5k kaen flames, blaze
b £ fit < kien о haku talk big, talk a lot of
hot air
joen flaming desires, burning passions
yden The Fires of Enchantment (movie
title)
0 [also suffix] inflammation, -itis
ensho inflammation
ЯЙ^ noen brain inflammation, encephalitis
ЯФзЙ haien pneumonia, inflammation of the
lungs
chusuien appendicitis
[kun]
[hono
0 flame, blaze
© (figuratively) flames (as of passion)
а	hono о agete moeru
flame up
b $fcxffix shittonohond flames of
jealousy
1566-1568
576
4-4
[HOMOPHONES]
bond =>®996
1569
Я 2-4-4
► RECEIVE
JU u(keru) -u(ke) u(karu)
У	Jdyd-3	S8-2-6	K2885
29	A0148	®2421	U53D7
0 [original meaning] receive, accept, take, get
lIHl! jushin reception (of radio waves); re-
ceipt of a message
juko attending lectures
juryd receipt
juchusuru receive an order
junosuru accept, receive
Ъ jushosuru win a prize
judakusuru receive, accept
Ъ juken suru take an examination
S ЙЙ	judotekina passive
ёй駧 juwaki (telephone) receiver
kanjusei sensibility
[KUN]
[ukeru §#3]
O0 receive, accept, get, take, catch
0 accept (an offer)
uketoru receive, accept; under-
stand
SIX uketori receipt
uketsukeru receive; accept
Sfd* uketsuke receipt, reception, acceptance;
receptionist, information clerk; informa-
tion office [desk]
S W" JlF ukemi passiveness; passive voice
b4oSW'L;£Lck'9 Ouke shimasho I will
accept it
S ('"t Atl-Ь ukeireru accept, consent to; re-
ceive, accommodate
S IJ" ukemochi no in charge of, in
one’s care
hikiukeru undertake; answer for,
guarantee
0 inherit, get
xcH'SKC uketsugu inherit, succeed to
О be modified
[-uke -SW*J receptacle
iS'OElSH' уйЫп'ике mailbox
[ukaru	pass an examination
daigaku ni ukaru pass the
entrance examination to a university
IHOMQPHONESI
ukeru
¥ ENJOY =>®2051
ZS AGREE TO =>®16
It REQUEST =>1060
к> Д
1570
Я 2-4-4
► GATHER
SAI [Ц une
ж	Names	S8-4-4	K2651
75	D2140	®2421.2	U91C7
ICOMPOUNDSl
О GATHER; pick; select
hakushu-kassaisuru ap-
plaud with hand clapping
saihaiofuru direct, command
0 appearance
ЖЖ fusai appearance, air, mien, getup
H 2-4-4	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-4-4: 2* at 2047
H2-4-4	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-6: at 1304
H 2-4-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-6: at 1295
► POISON
DOKU
1571
Я 2-4-4
Jdyd-4	S8-4-4	K3839
C1302	®2428	U6BD2
577
1569-1571

4-4
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] poison, toxin
dokusatsu poisoning, killing by poison
ЖЛХ dokugasu poison gas
вЖ dokuyaku poisonous drug
dokubutsu poisonous substance, toxin
yudokuna poisonous
ФШ chudoku poisoning, toxication; addic-
tion
'/HW shodoku disinfection, sterilization
2lW mddoku deadly poison
[INDEPENDENT!
[doku SJ poison, venom, toxicant; harm,
injury
9^^ Ъ dokunoaru poisonous; harmful,
malicious
kinodokuna pitiable, miserable;
regrettable, too bad
1572
В 2-4-4
► EXPRESS
► SURFACE
► TABLE
HYO omote -omote arawa(su)
arawa(reru)
	Joyo-3	S8-5-3	K4129
145	A0083	®2429	U8868
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 express, manifest, show
© appear (on the surface)
G be made public, become open
а	hyomeisuru express, state, show,
demonstrate
hyogensuru express, represent,
manifest; give expression to
hyojisuru indicate, show, express,
manifest
hyosho commendation, awarding
hyoshojo certificate of commenda-
tion
hydketsu decision, resolution
hyoi-moji ideograph, ideographic
character
happyosuru announce, make pub-
lic, publish
kdhydsuru announce officially [in
public], proclaim
b hyosho representation, image, idea
SiW hyojo expression, look
c {ХЙФЪ daihyd suru represent, stand for;
typify
0 surface, face, exterior, outside
Scffi hyomen surface, face, outside; appear-
ance
ФЖ hydshi cover, binding
hyohi epidermis; bark, rind
hyori front and rear, both sides (of a
thing or matter); duplicity
ФрЕФХ) hyokisuru write, express in writ-
ing; write on a surface
chihyo surface ofthe earth, ground sur-
face
ЖЙ ihyo limits of one’s expectation
© [also suffix]
0 table, chart, diagram, schedule, tabular
form
© list
а ИЙ zuhyo chart, diagram
nenpyo chronological table
jikokuhyo timetable, schedule
yoteihyo schedule
b ~ichiranhyo list, table, schedule, cata-
log
[INDEPENDENT!
[hyo й] table, chart, diagram, schedule,
tabular form; list
й Ъ hyo nisuru tabulate; make a list of
[kun]
[omote й]
0 [also prefix] (front or outer side) front side, face,
outside, right side; the obverse, the head
© the front (of a house)
G superficial [outward] appearance, outside
а ЙЕ1В 0 omotedori main street, street
St 0 Ф omotenihon Pacific side of Japan
ЖЙ (F W Ъ uraomote ni kiru wear (a coat)
wrong side out
b	omote no to street [front] door
с ^Йс?Ф1-Й omotemuki no riyu ostensi-
ble [surface] reason
[-omote -й] [also suffix] quarters, place,
direction
'/Xf4^ edoomote Edo
1572
578
4-4
[arawasu йТ]
О express, manifest (one's feelings), indicate
(one's character), show (anger)
Ж Р^Ж Йyorokobi о kao ni
arawasu express one's happiness, show
happiness on one's face
0 express in symbols, represent, stand for,
symbolize
kigo de arawasu represent by
signs
[arawareru й^1^] be EXPRESSed, find
expression in, show, become manifest
Й^Т araware expression, manifestation, in-
dication
Й ff	0 Й PlZt <1 1Й chihdshoku no
arawareta shosetsu novel with local
color
IHOMOPHONESI
omote ffi FACE =>1324
arawasu
Ш ACTUAL =>0657
W AUTHOR =>1480
arawareru Ж ACTUAL =>0657
araware J® actual =>0657
1573
H 2-4-4
► BLUE
► GREEN
SEI SHO ao ao- ao(i) Ц) haru
ff	Joyo-1	S8-8-0	K3236
174	B0573	@2430	U9752
[COMPOUNDS!
OO BLUE
0 green, greenish
о seishoku blue
ffff seiten blue sky
SJff konjo Prussian blue, deep blue
rokusho verdigris, copper [green] rust
b Wfc seisho green pine
© youthful, young
ffS seishun bloom of youth
seinen youth, young man
ff^^P seishonen youth, young people
[KUN]
[ao ff ] BLUE; green; green light
W kotaku no aru ao peacock
blue
[ao- ff-]
О [also prefix]
О BLUE
0 GREEN
a Wfi aoiro blue
ffzS aozora blue sky
aoshingo green light, green (traffic)
signal
ffM aokusa green grass
ff®J aomono greens, vegetables
ffS? aona greens
0 (pale in appearance) green, pale
ff№ aojiroi pale, pallid
aozameru become pale
[aoi ffH]
OO blue
0 GREEN
a ff aoihata blue flag
0 (pale in appearance) green, pale
Ж^Ж V kao да aoi look pale [green]
ISPECIAL READINGS]
MoW massao deep blue; paleness, ghastli-
ness
IHOMOPHONESI
aoi Яг PALE BLUE =>1512
1574
H 2-4-4
► FORMER TIMES
SEKI SHAKU mukashi
0	Joyo-3	S8-4-4	K3246
72	C1233	®2432	U6614
I п H В
5	6 7 8
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI

О [original meaning] former times, ancient
times, past, antiquity
E=rPxf sekiji former times, old times
bT 0 sekijitsu ancient times, former days, by-
gone days
вГ^Р sekinen antiquity, former years
ff вГ konjaku past and present, yesterday
and today
579
1573-1574
В 4-4
2 [KUN]
[mukashi ef ] former times, old times,
antiquity, bygone years; formerly, in the past
mukashibanashi legend, old tale
’вй mukashifu old-fashioned
£ IH- ft 4 Nt a > ф ш X- ]
incorrect classification
=>see H2-3-5:at 1429
В 2-4-4
► LOYALTY
CHU [Ю tada tadashi tadasu tadao
	Jdyd-6	S8-4-4	K3573
61	C1068	®2433	U5FE0
1	FT		Ф	Ф /	Ф	Ф	&
Ф ICOMPOUNDSl
>tsz О loyalty, devotion, faithfulness, fidelity
chujitsu faithfulness, devotion, honesty
chuko loyalty and filial piety
ЙЙ chugi loyalty, fidelity, devotion
0 [original meaning] sincerity, honesty
chukokusuru advise; counsel, give
warning; admonish
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-5: at 1411
В 2-4-4
1576
В 2-4-5
► RISK
BO oka(su)
§	Joyo	S9-5-4	K4333
109л	C1410	®2434	U5192
ICOMPOUNDSl
О risk, brave, defy
bdken adventure, risk
botokusuru desecrate, profane
0 beginning
WBj5 botd beginning, opening
[KUN]
[okasu ВГ1 risk, brave, defy
kikenookasu brave [defy] a
danger
IHOMQPHONESI
okasu
OFFENSE =>0146
< INVADE =>0076
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with В prospering =>1564
► STAR
SEI SHO hoshi -boshi
1577	H	Jdyd-2	S9-4-5	K3217
H2-4-5	72	B0764	®2435	U661F
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] STAR
€> suffix after names of stars
а ЖЖ seiza constellation
^ЁЖ chokyosei supergiant star
^^гЖ ittdsei first magnitude star
b 4ЬЙЖ hokkyokusei Polaris
/Ш^СЖ shokujosei Vega
0 celestial body, planet, satellite
>ШЖ wakusei planet
ШЖ eisei satellite; moon
ЙЕЖ ryQsei shooting star, falling star
?<Ж kasei Mars
ЖХЕЕЖ meidsei Pluto
ВДЖ myojo Venus
© (prominent personage) star, great man
ЁЖ kyosei giant star; great person [star], big
shot
[kun]
[hoshi Ж] star, heavenly body, planet; spot,
dot
Ж й И hoshiuranai astrology
[-boshi -Ж] [also suffix] star, heavenly body,
planet
ЖХЖ hokiboshi comet
ЙЖЖ kiraboshi glittering stars
1575-1577
580
1578
В2-4-5
► RIGHT
ZE kore’ Щ yuki yoshi
в	Joyo	S9-4-5	K3207
72	C1178	@2436	U662F
i п я 'в а g g. g_ g
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8 .. 9
[COMPOUNDS!
0 RIGHT
0 (set right) right, correct
а zehi right and/or wrong; by all means, at
any cost
zehitomo at any cost, by some
means or other
zezehihishugi fair and unbi-
ased policy, principle of being fair and
just
zenin approval
b те IE zesei correction
IHOMOPHONESI
kore
POSSESSIVE PARTICLE =>2137
lhtx =><8)823
MEDITATE =>0352
J?n
1579
Я 2-4-5
► PLEIADES
BO Subaru Ц] ko noboru takashi
в	Names	S9-4-5	K5869
72	D2448	@2436.5	U6634
b'
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 the PLEIADES
In® bdshuku literary the Pleiades
[KUN]
[subaru the Pleiades
In0* subaruza the Pleiades
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with rn high =>1562
► LOOK INTO
SA
4-5 В
— 2
1580
H 2-4-5
75	Jdyd-5	S9-4-5	K2626
	A0217	<8)2437	U67FB

123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О look into, investigate, examine, check,
inspect, find out, inquire into
ЙгЙ sasatsu inspection, investigation
saetsu inspection, examination
jSfn] samon inquiry, hearing
ВИЗЕ chdsa investigation, examination, in-
quiry, survey
StSt sosa criminal investigation, search
kensa inspection, examination, test
shinsasuru examine, investigate,
judge
kansa inspection, audit
0 investigator, examiner
jS® junsa police, patrolman
1581
Я 2-4-5
► ALL
KAI mina minnaA
Й	Joyo	S9-5-4	K1907
106	C1354	<8)2445	U7686
w
tt
ft I ft I ft
b
bE tE hbi hbi hb
11 I ft \ ft I ft
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] all, whole, everything;
everybody, everyone
§ @ kaimoku altogether, wholly; (not) at all
kaimu nothing
•ft®) kaikin perfect attendance
WBS A kaikishoku total solar [lunar] eclipse
menkyo-kaiden initiation into all
the mysteries of an art
EIKSA kokumin-kaihei universal con-
scription
kokumin-kaihoken medical
insurance for the whole nation
581
1578-1581
В 4-5
[mina WJ all, everything; everybody, eve-
ryone
й $ /и minasan everybody; ladies and gen-
tlemen
ЙШ minasama everybody; ladies and gen-
tlemen
L minagoroshi massacre, annihilation
[minna colloquial form of mina §
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-7: A at 1317
tl* B2-4-5
В 2-4-5
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-6-3: Л at 2072
[patent] leather
[HOMOPHONES]
kawa S SKIN =>1923
it 1583 H 2-4-5	► MINISTRY ► SAVE ► INTROSPECT SEI SHO kaeri(miru) habu(ku)			
	g 109	Joyo-4	S9-5-4	K3042
		A0206	®2449	U7701
i J И И				
IcompoundsI	I	4	5	6	7	8	9
1582
В 2-4-5
► LEATHER
► REFORM
KAKU kawa
$	Joyd-6	S9-9-0	K1955
177	A0233	Ф2448	U9769
О leather, tanned skin
Sc Ж hikaku leather, hides
00 reform, transform, change
© abbrev. of Зк Ж kaikaku: reform, refor-
mation
а Ж®Т kakushin innovation, reform, renova-
tion
ЖФ kakumei revolution
Зк Ж kaikaku reform, reformation
ЙЖ henkaku change, reform, revolution
ЙпЖ enkaku history, annals
b ®Ж hokaku conservatives and reformists
??Ж(=Аг$кЗкЖ) дубкаки (=gydsei
kaikaku) administrative reform
[kun]
[kawa Ж] [also prefix and suffix] leather
Ж?ft kawagutsu leather shoes
ЖЖз§ kawatebukuro leather gloves
4^Ж дуйkawa cowhide, oxhide
X^/Jl/Ж enamerugawa enameled
О [also suffix] ministry, government depart-
ment [office]
WJT shocho Ministries and Agencies
W shdrei Ministerial ordinance
IrIW dosho the said Ministry
XrKW monbusho Ministry of Education,
Science and Culture
dkurasho Ministry of Finance
0 save, conserve
shoryoku labor saving
— shoenerugi energy conserva-
tion
Wshoshigen saving resources
© leave out, omit
iOS shdryaku omission, abbreviation,
abridgment
0 (examine oneself critically) introspect, reflect
upon oneself
JSW hansei reflection, introspection
sanseisuru reflect upon oneself
(three times a day), examine oneself
over and over again
Й W jisei self-examination [reflection], intro-
spection
0 pay a visit
kisei homecoming
[KUN]
[kaerimiru	introspect, examine
oneself, reflect upon oneself
11	jibun no okonai о
kaerimiru reflect upon one's deeds
[habuku W < ] leave out, omit, exclude;
save, curtail, cut down, reduce
1582-1583
582
4-6
ЙЖ < muda о habuku exclude waste-
fulness
$7 Л £ W < rdryoku о habuku save labor
IHOMQPHONESI
kaerimiru II lookback =>1220
fff
В 2-4-5
incorrect stroke-count
=^see B2-5-5: tit at 1648
► DAZZLING
Кб Ц] teru aki akira hikaru
noboru atsushi
1584
B2-4-6
В	Names	S10-4-6	K2524
72	C1429	@2450	U6643
1585
B2-4-6
► LATE
AN EN U yasu haru
в	Names	SI 0-4-6	K5871
72	D3756	@2450.2	U664F
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning, now rare] late (hours ofthe
day)
Ц/Ё anki getting up late in the morning, late
rising
[note]
★do not confuse with banquet =>1456
► SUNNY
SEI JO ® akira noboru aki teru
nari hikaru
1586
B2-4-6
H	Names	S10-4-6	K5880
72	D2481	@2450.5	U665F
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with В early morning =>1592
В 2-4-6
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-8: A at 1335
[ О И & Ш Ш ] KJ Д
—Ft	► SEARCH FOR SAKU	
1587	& Joyo	S10-6-4 K2687
В 2-4-6	120 C1182	@2455 U7D22
I -A 4-	
1	2	3	4	5 10	6	7	8	9
ICOMPOUNDSl
О search for (a word in a dictionary), look up,
retrieve, locate
Ж31 sakuin index
йЖ'Т^ sosakusuru search for, investigate
tansakusuru search for; inquire
into, investigate
ШЖ~<Г<5 mosakusuru grope for
^Ж'ТЪ kensaku suru look up (a word in a
dictionary), search for, refer to
ЖЖ~<Г<5 shisakusuru think, speculate
© [original meaning] cable, thick rope, cord
Ж^ sakujo cable, rope
1588
H 2-4-6
► NOMINATE
► NOTEWORTHY ACT
► RAISE
KYO a(geru) a(garu) Ц] taka
Jdyd-4	S10-4-6	K2183
A0163	@2456	U6319
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О nominate, appoint, recommend
lit* senkyo election
suikyosuru recommend, nominate
© noteworthy act, deed, scheme, attempt,
undertaking
Us* bokyo rash act, reckless attempt
tt* sokyo grand scheme, heroic [daring]
attempt
'R* kaikyo brilliant achievement, heroic
deed [feat]
583
1584-1588
В 4-6
2-------------------------------------------------
О deportment, behavior, action, conduct,
bearing
kyodd deportment, conduct, behavior,
action
kyoso behavior, manner
H 0 [original meaning] raise (one's hand), hold up,
лч lift
kyoshu raising [holding up] one's hand;
Э*	salute
0 whole, entire, all
kyokoku whole nation
kyoto whole party
ikkyo ni at a stroke, with a single
swoop
[KUN]
[ageru
О (raise something and hold it up for display) hold
up, raise (one's hand or a wineglass)
Те о agero Hold upl/Stick 'em
up!
0 cite, give (an example), mention
Ъ rei о ageru cite an example
0 hold (a function), perform (a ceremony)
-6 shiki о ageru hold a ceremony
0 unclassified compounds
ageku ni in the end; finally
[agaru	be cited, be mentioned, be
listed
Д V	‘	о T И Ъ Yoi rei ga agatte
iru A good example is given
IHOMOPHONESI
ageru
± UP =>2128
Ш RAISE HIGH =>0433
agaru
± UP =>2128
Ш RAISE HIGH =>0433
[note]
★do not confuse with fist =>1705
0 [original meaning] silkworm
sanshi silk-raising and reeling, sericul-
ture
sanshokusuru encroach on, make
an inroad into
MH ydsan sericulture, silkworm culture
[kun]
[kaiko Ж] silkworm
Н0ЕЖ sanminkaiko three-molt silkworm
1590
H 2-4-6
► ELEMENT
► PLAIN
SO SU motoT Ц] motoi
&	Joyo-5	S10-6-4	K3339
120	B0678	@2458	U7D20
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 element, basic constituent, component
0 chemical element
а 1?Ж yoso (essential) element, constituent,
factor
ЙЖ koso ferment; enzyme
'ЁЖ shikiso pigment, coloring matter
^КЖ eiyoso nutritive elements [substance]
ЖШЖ yoryokuso chlorophyll
7СЖ genso element, chemical element
b ШсЖ sanso oxygen
йЙЖ tanso carbon
1589
И2-4-6
► SILKWORM
SAN kaiko
	Jdyo-6	S10-6-4	K2729
142	D2064	®2457	U8695
0 [also prefix] primary, ELEMENTal, fundamen-
tal, original, primordial
ЖЖ soshitsu character, nature, makings,
constitution
ЖЕ so in basic factor, predisposition
ЖЙ? soryushi elementary particle
00 [also prefix] (lacking ornament) plain, simple,
1589-1590
584
unpretentious, natural, unadorned, unre-
fined, raw, crude
0 (lacking distinction) plain, ordinary, com-
mon
а ЖЙ sozai material; subject matter
ЖЙ sobyo (rough) sketch
sobokuna simple, naive, artless
ЖЖ sugao face without makeup
sunaona docile, obedient; honest,
frank
kansona plain,simple
shissona simple, modest, frugal
b	suddrisuru pass through with-
out stopping, pass by
Ж'/Й V sudomari staying overnight with-
out board
0 bare, naked
ЖЯЛ suhada bare skin
sude bare hands
suashi bare [naked] feet
0 emphatic prefix
sutekina grand, cute, fine
ЖВи 6 subarashii splendid, magnifi-
cent, wonderful, excellent
subayai nimble; quick
ISPECIAL READINGS]
Ж A shiroto amateur, novice, outsider; de-
cent woman
IHOMOPHONESI
moto
ф BASIS =>2183
7L ORIGIN =>1226
Ж BASE =>1716
~F DOWN =>2115
If PERMIT =>®1470
к ► RESPECTFUL
KYO uyauya(shii) Щ yasu yasushi
yuki taka
1591	Joyo S10-4-6 K2219~
В 2-4-6	61 D1698 02459 U606D
4-7 В
,	------------------------------------2
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] respectful, reverent
kydkei	respect, reverence	«
SS)I|M kyojun	obedience, submission	~^r
kyoga respectful congratulations
[KUN]	”
[uyauyashii	respectful, reverent ®
uyauyashiku respectfully,reveren-
tially
H2-4-6	incorrect classification =>see И 2-3-7: at 1465
H 2-4-7	incorrect classification =>seeH2-2-9: -1- at 1340
► EARLY MORNING
SHIN JIN Ц] aki akira hayashi toki
1592
В 2-4-7
В	Names	S11-4-7	K5879
72	D2847	®2459.2	U6668
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [rare] early morning, dawn, daybreak
tWS seishin a refreshing morning
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ® sunny =>1586
1593
В 2-4-7
► PENETRATE
KAN tsuranu(ku) nukiv Щ toru
ж	Joyo	511-7-4	K2051
154	C1229	®2460	U8CAB
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
О penetrate, pierce through, pass through
МЙТ'Ь kantsusuru penetrate, pierce, pass
through
kanryusuru flowthrough
Я. А каппуй penetration
585
1591-1593
[ It bt fy= Ф Ш X ]
В 4-7
jukansuru run through, traverse
tokkan (bayonet) charge, rush
0 carry through, attain, carry out
ЯЙТЪ kantetsu suru carry through, go
through with, accomplish, attain
ikkan shite consistently
[KUN]
[tsuranuku Ж ] penetrate, pierce, perfo-
rate, go through
КЯХ kabe о tsuranuku penetrate the
wall
1594
В 2-4-7
► MONEY
► GOODS
KA
Ж	Jdyd-4	S11-7-4	K1863
154	B0794	®2465	U8CA8

В2-4-7	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-9: A at 1344
Ж B2-4-7	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-6-5: Л at 2075
Prnj B2-4-7	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-9: at 1341
1595
В 2-4-7
► RESPONSIBILITY
► BLAME
SEKI se(meru)
ж	Jdyd-5	S11-7-4	K3253
154	B0574	®2467	U8CAC
ICOMPOUNDSl
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (legal tender) money,
currency
© coin
а Ж® kahei money, currency, coinage
gaika foreign currency [money]; foreign
[imported] goods
ЙЖ tsuka currency, current money
ЖЖ beika American currency, U.S. dollar
b koka coin, metallic currency
ЙЯ^м hakuddka nickel coin
0 GOODS, commodity
ИГЖЙ? hyakkaten department store
ШЖ zakka sundries, general cargo; miscella-
neous goods
© freight, cargo
kamotsu freight, cargo, goods
ЖЖ kasha freight car
Ж^ kakyaku freight and passengers
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж lend =>1664 and м
WAGE =>1730
О responsibility, liability
sekinin responsibility, liability
ЖЙ sekimu responsibility and obligation,
responsibility to do one's duty
ЖЖ juseki heavy responsibility, important
duty
1ЭсЖ shokuseki responsibilities pertaining to
one's work
?[Ж'Ж<?> insekisuru take responsibility
upon oneself
0 blame, condemn, censure
Ж ГЪ shisseki suru reproach, scold, re-
prove
|п|Ж monseki censure, reproof
§ Ж jiseki self-accusation
[kun]
[semeru Ж^^>1
О blame, condemn, censure, accuse, criticize,
reproach
ЖЙ> seme responsibility; blame; [also suffix]
torture, persecution
Л 0 Ж Ъ hito no taiman о
semeru blame [denounce] a person for
his [her] negligence
0 torture, persecute
1594-1595
586
4-8
semedogu instruments of torture
semetateru torture severely;
urge
mizuzeme water torture
[HOMOPHONESl
semeru Й attack =>0179
seme Й attack =>0179
[	►YELLOW । | -j KO 0 ki ko-	
1596 й Joyo-2	S11-11-0 K1811
В 2-4-7	201 Cl 293	02468 U9EC4
' — [ 4- i 44 i3±Jj±EJ	
1	2	3	4	5 ICOMPOUNDSl	6	7	8	9
• [original meaning] yellow
koshoku (=dshoku) yellow
ItW kokai the Yellow Sea
ogon gold; money
dnetsubyd yellow fever
ran'd yolk
fuitM id sulfur
[KUN]
[ki Ж) [also prefix] yellow
ItkKir kibamu grow yellowish
kiiro yellow
kihachijo yellow silk cloth
[ко- Й"] YELLOW
kogane gold; money
[SPECIAL READINGS]
tasogare dusk
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-8: at 1485
В 2-4-7
► SCENE
KEI Ц] kage
1597
В 2-4-8
H	Jdyd-4	S12-4-8	K2342
72	A0401	02470	U666F
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О scene, scenery, view, -scape
ЖК keishd picturesque scenery
WS haikei background; (stage) scenery, set-
ting, scene; backing
yakei night view [scene]
Ж JR fukei scenery, landscape, view
т'бЖ kokei spectacle, sight, scene
ЙЖ zekkei superb view, picturesque scenery
1WJR jokei scene, sight; nature and sentiment
HtJR zenkei complete view
О business conditions, market situation,
conditions, circumstances
ЖЖ keiki things, times; business conditions
JRiJnl keikyo situation, outlook
'FIRM fukeiki business depression, slump,
dull market
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ЖЙ keshiki scenery, landscape
1598
В 2-4-8
Есм	MO]
► QUANTITY
RYO haka(ru) Ц] kazu
ж	Jdyd-4	512-7-5	K4644
166	A0452	02471	U91CF
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] quantity, amount, volume,
capacity, magnitude; weight
rydsan mass production
ryokan massiveness
sOryo quantity, volume
tairyo large quantity, great volume,
mass
yoryo capacity, volume
Ж Ж juryo weight
ЙЙЖ kotsOryd traffic volume
?ЙЙЖ shdhiryd amount of consumption
587
1596-1598
В 4-8
2--------------------------------------------
0 [original meaning] (determine the volume, area or
weight of) measure, gauge, weigh
sokuryd suru measure, survey
keirydsuru measure, weigh
© weigh, consider, estimate, assess
ryokei assessment of a case
lP	ЖЖХЪ suiryd suru guess, conjecture, infer
sairyd discretion
[INDEPENDENT!
it [ryd ft] quantity, amount, volume, capac-
ф ity, magnitude
губ yorishitsu quality before
quantity
[KUN]
[hakaru ft&]
О (determine the weight or volume of) measure,
weigh
ft V) hakari measurements; weighing
Ж $9 D hakariuri sale by measure; sale by
weight
0 @ X ft <5 niku no mekata о hakaru
weigh the meat
0 [in compounds] guess, surmise, fathom
ffiLS-b oshihakaru conjecture,surmise,
guess
IHOMOPHONESI
hakaru
St PLAN =>0965
Й MEASURE =>0444
0 DRAWING =>1951
Ж SCHEME =>1069
ЙЙ CONSULT =>1070
1599
H 2-4-8
► MOST
SAI motto(mo) Ц] mo
El	Jdyd-4	S12-4-8	K2639
73	A0103	®2472	U6700
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also prefix] most, the most, -est, -most,
ultra-, extreme—used to indicate the superla-
tive degree
ЖЖ 0 saiko no maximum, supreme, high-
est
Ж saisho smallest, minimum, least
JftX0 saidaino biggest, largest, greatest
ЖЙТ0 saishinno newest, latest
ЖФ saichu in the middle [midst] of, during
jftM saishu last, the end; final
Jftfi0 saiteino lowest
ЖЖ0 sainanno southernmost
saiкокуй highest grade, top class
ft^0 saikydno strongest
Ж-Ь0 saijono best, the finest; highest
ЖХЙ saisentan leading edge; forefront
ЖХРД0 saidaigenno maximum, greatest
[KUN]
[mottomo Ж &] the most
Ж^ЖИ&Ж mottomo ]йуб na koto the
most important thing
ISPECIAL READINGS]
Ж^Г 0 0 moyorino nearest, nearby
[HOMOPHONES]
mottomo Xх =>®3023
► SUMMER HEAT
► HOT
SHO atsu(i)
1600	0	Jdyd-3	S12-4-8	K2975
B2-4-8	72	DI 680	@2473	U6691
0 [original meaning] summer heat, hot
weather, hottest day of summer, summer
SM shoki hot weather
shochu midsummer
shochu-mimai best wishes for the
hot season
shonetsu heat of summer
302# hisho summering
ensho scorching heat of summer
SIH zansho lingering summer
SU mdsho fierce heat
1599-1600
588
4-8
kokusho severe heat
taisho Japanese midsummer day
[KUN]
[atsui # V ] hot (weather), warm, sultry
# $ atsusa heat, summer heat, hot weather
manatsu no atsusa heat of
high summer
mushiatsui sultry, sweltering
IHOMQPHONESI
atsui В heat =>1834
► CRYSTAL
SHO Ц] aki akira masa
1601
H 2-4-8
i.i.Гл
H	Joyo	S12-4-8	K3029
72	C1572	®2474	U6676
я
в
в "I в i в
0П|0НЩ0|
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
* (body of crystalline structure) crystal
йзнн kessho crystallization, crystal; grain;
fruit(s)
Жен ekishd crystalline liquid
► THICK WOODS
SHIN mori
Ф [original meaning] thick woods, forest
shinrin forest, woodland
[KUN]
[mori thick woods, forest
morinomiyako tree-clad town
0(^0^ chinjunomori grove ofthe village
shrine
IHOMQPHONESI
mori tt GROVE =>0559
®
1603
H2-4-8
►TOOTH
SHI ha
	Joyd-3	S12-12-0	K2785
211	Cl 174	®2476	U6B6F
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
En [ ш к -K -fr Ж J
Ф [original meaning] tooth
®ft shika dentistry
shiseki tartar (on teeth), dental calculus
ft® basshi tooth extraction
z}c^\® eikyushi permanent tooth
ЙЙ gishi false tooth
[KUN]
[ha ®] [also prefix] tooth; (machine or tool
element) tooth, cog, dent
®Sf hamigaki toothpaste; brushing one's
teeth
haisha dentist
haburashi toothbrush
® [nj/^ □ hamukau stand up to; oppose
®Й^Х И hagayui feel impatient; be irritating
®ЗДЗТ0ДН hagirenoyoi crisp; clear and
crisp (in speaking); piquant (manner)
Atl® ireba dentures
® ® mushiba decayed tooth
®Ж haguruma cog, toothed wheel
hatsukiberuto toothed belt
®1L<& hadome drag, pallet; brake
H 2-4-8
H 2-4-8
incorrect classification/
stroke-count
=>see В 2-2-11: at 1353
incorrect classification
=*see Я 2-3-9:-"- at 1496
589
1601-1603
В 4-8
2~^~
В 2-4-8
incorrect classification
=>see Н 2-5-7:^- at 1669
Ж Ш -К 4	► TALL KYO Ц] taka takashi ko			
1604 B2-4-8	□ 30	Names	S12-3-9	K2212
		D1932	@2488	U55AC
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф * tall—said esp. of trees
HA kyoboku tall tree, forest tree
► YEAR
► AGE SUFFIX
SAI SEI Ц] tose
1605
H 2-4-9
lb
77
Joyo	S13-4-9	K2648
A0253	©2490	U6B73
	i		V-	1 H		L				
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
				
10	11	12	13			
О YEAR
йИЖ saimatsu year end
saihi annual expenditure
saigetsu time
A sainyu revenue, annual income
sei bo end oftheyear;year-end present
© AGE SUFFIX
—issai one year old
nansai how old, what age
banzai Banzai!/Hurrah!/Long live...!
[SPECIAL READINGS]
22 hatachi 20 years old
1606
И 2-4-9
► LOVE
Al ito(shii)A Hl mana a naru
megumi chika
'L?	Jdyd-4	S13-4-9	K1606
61	B0572	®2492	U611B
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] love, affection
S1W aijd love, affection
S'ts aizo love and hate
MS hakuai philanthropy
®ttS boseiai maternal love
IrPISS ddseiai homosexual love, lesbianism
©0 love, have affection for
G love (a person of the opposite sex), care
deeply for
a SI'S aiji one's beloved [favorite] child
МАЖ aikenka lover of dogs
Sffl'L? aikokushin patriotism, nationalism
^Ж aisha one's own car [bicycle]
SiB aisai one's beloved wife
b SA aijin lover
aiyoku love and lust, sexual passion
3£S ren'ai love (for the opposite sex)
© (have a strong liking for) love, like, be fond of
S^FT%) aiko suru love, be fond of
SfflT<b aiyosuru use habitually
ЙияТ'Ь aidokusuru read with pleasure
S^HT^ aisha suru love to sing
[independent!
[ai SJ love, tender passion
WOS kaminoai divine love
[aisuru ST %) J love, care for, be fond of
[KUN]
[itoshii S Ь 0] darling, beloved, dear
► EMPEROR'S NAME
SHUN Ц] kiyo mitsu satoshi akira
hitoshi toshi
1607
H 2-4-9
	Names	S13-7-6	K2956
136	D2448	®2492.5	U821C
ICOMPOUNDSl
© EMPEROR'S NAME
gyoshun Yao and Shun (two of the most
celebrated kings in ancient China)
1604-1607
590
Н 2-4-9
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-2-11: at 1353
0 honor, good reputation, fame, glory
meiyo honor, glory; dignity
eiyo honor, glory, distinction
[KUN]
[ho ma re Wtl] honor, glory, fame
kuninohomare national glory
E? !$ incorrect classification
«/ОгчТччч =>see Я2-10-4: йь at 1822
П2-4-10
1609
H2-4-11
► VIOLENT
BO BAKU aba(ku) aba(reru)
0	Jdyo-5	515-4-11	K4329
72	B0834	02515	U66B4
IcompoundsI
O0 (acting with destructive force) violent,
rough, wild, cruel, harsh, tyrannical
0 act ViOLENTly, rage about
аМЛ bdryoku violence, force
boko act of violence, assault
ЖЙ£ boso reckless driving; running wild
ЙЖ bogen offensive [abusive] language
ЖИ bdkun tyrant, despot
4-12 В
---------------------------------------------- у
Ж® bofu storm, violent wind
Ж® Ш bdfOu tempest, rainstorm
51Ж ranbo violence, roughness; rape
ШЖ^Х obona arbitrary, tyrannical, despotic
b Ж® bddd riot, disturbance, uprising
ЖЙ boto rioters, mobsters, insurgents
0 sudden, abrupt
ЖЙ? bdraku slump, crash, heavy decline (in
prices)
Ж ft bdhatsu spontaneous discharge, acci-
dental gun discharge
SK boto sudden (price) rise
© unrestrained, inordinate, wild, excessive,
irrational
Ж1& boin heavy drinking
ЖЭД bdri excessive profits, usury
0 disclose, divulge, expose
ЖШ bakuro exposure, disclosure
[kun]
[abaku Ж < ] disclose (a secret), expose (a
crime), lay bare, divulge
£ Ж < himitsu о abaku disclose a se-
cret
[abareru Ж11&] act violent^, rage about
Ж^ТЕП<5 abaremawaru rampage, run riot
Ж^ГШТ abaredasu grow restive, begin to
act violently
Ж M W" abaremono rowdy, roughneck
Ж^ТЖ abareuma restive horse, runaway
IHOMOPHONESI
abaku ft START =><8>2565
1610
H2-4-12
► CLOUDY
DON kumo(ru)
0	Joyo	S16-4-12	K3862
72	D1921	@2521	U66C7
0 [original meaning] cloudy
donten cloudy weather
591
1608-1610
В 4-13
[KUN]
[kumoru Д <5 ] doud up, become cloudy
SO kumori cloudiness, cloudy weather
v»7 S 0 kumorizora cloudy sky [weather]
Ц 0 №^5 kumorigachi cloudy
iWBO usugumori slightly cloudy weather
7Ё41 0 hanagumori cloudy weather in
springtime
1611
B2-4-13
► RANK OF NOBILITY
SHAKU
Joyo	S17-4-13	K2863
D2216	®2524	U7235
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
< rank of nobility, peerage, court rank
shakui rank of nobility
{ЙЙ hakushaku count, earl
Hz ft danshaku baron
► AIDE
JO [Ц suke susumu tsugu
1612
H2-5-1
1	Names	S6-1-5	K3071
	D2317	®2541	U4E1E
ICOMPOUNDSl
© aide, assistant officer (in ancient China)
'Sffl josho prime minister (in ancient China)
I? 1613 В2-5-2	► MAN DAN NAN otoko oT			
	ffl 102	Joyo-1	S7-5-2	K3543
		A0260	®2542	U7537
И | Г7| ТТЛ H7| Ш|			51Я	
1	2	3 ICOMPOUNDSl	I	4	5	6	7	
О [original meaning] man, male
danshi boy, young man, man
dansei male, man
dcmseiteki masculine, manly
danjo men and women, both sexes
dansonjohi predominance of men
over women, sexism
danji boy, son; man
ЛЛ/^F bidanshi(=binanshi) handsome
man
genan male servant, manservant
© son—used esp. to indicate order of birth
-tC ichinan-nijo one son and two
daughters
chbnan eldest son
H sannan third son
[KUN]
[otoko Щ ] man, male; adult male
JP} bLO otokorashii manly, masculine
JP? otoko no ко boy, baby boy
JR? HIJ otokomae man's looks
JPI^nJO otokozakari prime of manhood
yukiotoko abominable snowman
IHOMQPHONESI
o
St MALE =>0688
ttx =>®839
► SHELLFISH
kai
1614 H2-5-2	Ж 154	Joyd-1	S7-7-0	K1913
		D1655	®2543	U8C9D
[kai Д]
О SHELLFISH
Д§1 kairui shellfish
ДЙ kaibashira adductor muscle
Й^Д akagai arc shell
^сГД makigai roll-shell; snail
ЖДлМ gyokairui marine products
О seashell, shell
Дях kaigara shell
ДЙЕ1 kaizaiku shellwork
1611-1614
592
5-2
1615
Н2-5-2
► SEE
KEN mi(ru) mi(eru) mi(seru)
я	Jbyb-1	S7-7-0	K2411
147	A0039	®2544	U898B
ICOMPOUNDSl
00 [original meaning] see, look at, observe
0 become SEEn, come into view, appear
a kenbutsu sightseeing, visit
kengaku tour [field trip] for study and
observation
kenbunsuru experience, observe
ff ДTЪ haiken suru have the honor of see-
ing, see, look at, inspect
—ikken a look, a glance; apparently
gaiken outward appearance
bJIS kento estimate, guess; aim
fRs JRL hakken discovery, revelation, detection
ЖЙ roken discovery, detection, exposure
© (grant or be granted an audience) see
(someone), interview, give [be given] an
audience
kaiken interview, audience
0 view, personal opinion
ЙЙ? kenkai opinion, view
kenchi standpoint, viewpoint
iken opinion, view; admonition
1ЖЙ henken prejudice, biased view, narrow
view
[KUN]
[miru
O0 see, look (at), have a look
G view (flowers), watch (a movie), see,
observe, appreciate
a	mitsukeru find (out), locate, spot,
turn up
mitsukaru be found (out), be dis-
covered, come to light; be caught
miidasu find out, discover
ЙФ mihon sample, specimen
mitoshi perspective, vista; prospect,
outlook
miai meeting with a view to mar-
riage; looking at each other
miataru be found
JtLWZX migotona splendid, admirable,
beautiful
JRLiS ty miokuri seeing someone off
miageru look up (at); look up to,
respect
ЙПЕ-б'Т miorosu look down; overlook
minaosu reconsider, review; change
one's opinion for the better; have an-
other look
mikuraberu compare (with one's
eye), judge
minarau learn (by observation), fol-
low someone's example
(j" miwake distinction; identification,
recognition
jRLSF't mikake looks, appearance
ЙЙхЧГ miwatasu look out over
miotosu overlook, pass by; fail to
notice
mitsumeru stare
ЙШ1/ midashi headline, heading, caption;
title; index
W mimai inquiry (after a person's
health); expression of sympathy; visit
JtL/C El mitame outward appearance
JIL'T'fl] mizu-shirazu no strange,
unknown
JiL3|x^l<5 mitoreru be fascinated by, look
admiringly at
J^L^X bLH misuborashii shabby, poor-
looking, miserable
misu-misu before one's very eyes
miru-miru in a moment [instant]
-Ь yosomisuru look away, take
one's eyes off
mi kata (point of) view, way of looking,
viewpoint
ЙЯт midokoro good point, merit; highlight
ЖВн miharasu command a view, look
out onto
wakimi looking aside
b hanami flower [cherry blossom] viewing
0 look over, examine; look up, refer to
JRLflt 0 mitsumori estimate, assessment
mikiwameru see through, discern;
ascertain, grasp
JRLBEt'b mitodokeru make sure, see with
one's own eyes
~"FJRL shitami preliminary inspection; preview
[ № IE	мд
593
1615
В 5-2
О ----------------------------------------------
shoruiо miru examine papers
О take (for), regard (as), judge, estimate
minasu regard as, presume
m	mikomi hope, promise; prospect,
®	possibility
§ КЖ<5 mikagiru give up, abandon; desert
--г	Ъ mikubiru look down on, hold some-
one cheap
Ус 0 take care of, look after
-y	ЕНЙ Й Д V * mendomi да yoi take good
care of, be very helpful
10 [mieru ЖЛ-6] be visible, be SEEn; look like,
seem, appear; be able to see
KA mie appearance; show, ostentation, van-
w ity; [usu. Kt#] pose, posture
Kon'ya wahoshiда
mieru Stars can be seen tonight
Hl ^=f JRL A<E> wakaku mieru look [seem]
r-	young _
Й Ж	К A	byokida tomieru seem to
be sick
ЙА Ъ H yoru de mo mieru me eyes
capable of seeing in the dark
[miseru	show, let see, disclose,
exhibit; make (a thing) look like, give an air of,
pretend
misemono show, exhibition
misebirakasu show off, dis-
play
T#	furuku miseru impart an an-
cient appearance
-b misekakeru make (a thing) look
like, pretend
miseshime lesson,warning
[HOMOPHONES]
miru
ts VIEW =>®1880
W WATCH =>®3220
EXAMINE A PATIENT =>1008
mie
=>1615
Kt# =>1615,0351
► EXCELLENT
SHU hii(deru) Щ hide hideshi
suguru shigeru sakae minoru
1616
В2-5-2
tR	Joyo	S7-5-2	K2908
115	B0918	02545	U79C0
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
О EXCELLENT, supreme
shuitsu supreme excellence
shuka excellent [superb] tanka, gem of
tankas
shureina graceful, beautiful, hand-
some
yOshuna excellent, superior, best
0 genius, prodigy
shusai (person of) genius
shunshu genius, prodigy
[kun]
[hiideru excel, surpass
eigo ni hiideru excel in Eng-
lish
H2-5-2	incorrect stroke-count =^>see H2-5-3: ?R at 1624
H2-5-2	incorrect classification =>see H2-3-4: at 1398
H2-5-2	incorrect classification =>see H2-2-5: -1- at 1287
► CHILD
JI NI kov Ц] chigo
1617
В2-5-2
JL	Jdyd-4	S7-2-5	K2789
10	B0622	02546	U5150
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also suffix] child (of any age), youngster,
youth
1616-1617
594
5-2
© [original meaning] small child, infant
а jidd childjuvenile
SiS enji kindergarten child
shdnika (department of) pediatrics
kenkoji healthy child
yoji young child, infant
Й/l danji boy, son; man
nisaiji two-year old child
b ?Lvu nyuji infant, baby, suckling
WJ/l, ikuji infant rearing, nursing of children
йдуи taiji embryo, fetus
ISPECIAL READINGS]
fit7и chigo infant, child
IHOMQPHONESI
f CHILD =>2125
ЙЙ DAUGHTER =>®406
=>®33
Ф SMALL =^0002
1618
Я2-5-2
► EXERT
DO tsuto(meru) Ц] tsutomu
	Jbyo-4	S7-2-5	K3756
19	B0804	02547	U52AA
it	ft	-ft7	ffZ	4	я
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] exert (oneself), make
efforts, endeavor
doryoku endeavor, effort, exertion
doryokuka hard worker
doryokushd prize awarded for a per-
son's effort
[KUN]
[tsutomeru	endeavor, make efforts,
try hard, work diligently
§5^77 tsutomete with effort, as much as
possible
kyokuryoku tsutomeru do
one's best
[HOMOPHONES]
tsutomeru
№ ENDEAVOR =>®3318
1Й SERVICE =>1182
Й DUTY =>0797
Я2-5-2
incorrect classification
^see B2-2-5: at 1292
► LABOR
RO
El CN [ Ш Ш IK ш Й in t si 14 J
1619
B2-5-2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O© (work hard) labor, toil, do manual work
© (hard work) labor, toil, work, trouble,
pains
а:%в rodd (manual) labor, toil
rodosha laborer, worker
romu labor, work, service
^7^7 roryoku trouble, labors, efforts
b MJ ^7 kinro labor, work, service
kuro difficulties, trouble, hardships, la-
bor
0 abbrev. of	rodd kumiai or
rodosha: workers' union, labor union, labor,
laborer
Ж rdshi capital and labor
rdshd Labor Minister
SI^7 kokurd National Railway Workers'Union
© fatigue, become fatigued
hiro fatigue
>D^7 shinro cares, worries, anxiety
incorrect stroke-count
=>see H2-5-3:^at 1625
H2-5-2
► KINGDOM OF WU
GO Ц] kure
1620	□	Joyo	S7-3-4	K2466
В2-5-2	30	D1711	®2549	U5449
595
1618-1620
Нм
2 .	-------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
О kingdom of wu, name of an ancient Chi-
nese state in the Three Kingdom period
щ (220-280 A.D.)
SB gokoku Kingdom of Wu
и Mb1 goon Wu reading of Chinese characters
goetsu Wu and Yue, two rival states in
ancient China
goetsu-doshu bitter enemies in
the same boat
О originating from China or the Chinese main-
10 land
Дfflx gofuku dry goods; drapery
*
► SOLDIER
HEI HYO И take
1621
H2-5-2
/к	Jbyd-4	S7-2-5	K4228
12	B0559	®2551	U5175
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] soldier, private, rank and file
ftzt heishi soldier
ft^ heisotsu private, common soldier
ft В heitai soldier; troops
heisha barracks
ft kanadahei Canadian soldier
Sift kihei cavalry soldier, cavalry
0 the military, army, SOLDiERy
ft* heiji military affairs
fttS heieki military service
ftSt hydro army provisions, food
W(ft chdhei conscription, enlistment, draft
0 weapons, arms; sword
ft^§ heiki arms, weapon, ordnance
1622
H2-5-3
► IMPLEMENT
GU ® tomo ku
Jdyd-3	S8-2-6	K2281
B0625	®2552	U5177
2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 (utensil for work) implement, tool, utensil
0 (article serving to equip) implement,
equipment, gear, fittings, fixtures, outfit
а ЖД ddgu tool, utensil, implement; furniture;
theatrical appurtenances; tool, means;
ingredient
Д kigu utensil, implement, appliance
ffl Д yogu tool, instrument, appliance; outfit
X Д kogu tool, implement
enogu coloring materials, colors, oils,
paint
Д W Д bunbdgu stationery, writing materi-
als
b ЖД kagu furniture
ft Д shingu bedclothes, bedding
{ДД butsugu Buddhist altar fittings
If BE Д hikkigu writing materials
ЙДД soshingu personal ornaments [outfit]
0 [original meaning] possess, be possessed of,
be endowed with
Д1ЙД^> gubisuru be endowed [equipped]
with, possess
ДЖХЪ gushosuru embody, express con-
cretely
Д{Ф&3^£ gutaitekina concrete, definite,
specific
ДХ gusoku completeness; armor, coat of
mail
0 unclassified compounds
Д o' guai condition, state; health; manner,
way
[SPECIAL READINGS]
?7EX ДА omocha toy, plaything
1623
H2-5-3
► COMMIT
I
к	Joyo-3	S8-3-5	K1649
38	A0173	®2553	U59D4
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] commit, entrust, leave to,
delegate
1621-1623
596
5-3
fUtix iinkai committee
JKT-S itakusuru entrust with, charge
with, consign
SizElT-b inin suru entrust, delegate, com-
mit
ishokusuru charge, commission
[entrust] with
1624
Я2-5-3
► SEASON
KI Ц] sue toshi
Jbyo-4	S8-3-5	K2108
B0841	@2554	U5B63
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
00 (division of the year) season, quarter
© (period of time) season
a ^ЙП kisetsu season
kiko season
kikan quarterly publication
kaki summer, summer season
shiki the four seasons
uki rainy season
0 feature of a season term in haiku poetry,
season word
kigo season word (in haiku)
[note]
★do not confuse with $ PLUM =^>1555
H2-5-3
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-5-2: A at 1616
incorrect classification
—1 - =>see В2-3-5: at 1413
Я2-5-3
1625
Я2-5-3
► STUDY
► EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
GAKU mana(bu)
	Joyo-1	S8-3-5	KI 956
39	A0057	@2555	U5B66
Cn [ ш К £ t » < ]
IcompoundsI
О study, learn
gakushusuru study, learn
gakuryoku scholarship, scholastic ability
dokugaku self-study, self-teaching
ryugaku studying abroad
kengaku tour [field trip] for study and
observation
00 [also suffix] branch of study, -ology
© learning, study, education, scholarship,
knowledge, science
a bungaku literature, letters
[£^ igaku medical science, medicine
sugaku mathematics
kagaku chemistry
butsurigaku physics, physical science
b ^fn| gakumon learning, study
^xx gakkai institute, academy, learned soci-
ety; meeting of a research organization
gakushiki learning, scholarship
gakugei artsand sciences;culture
gakujutsu science, learning; arts and
sciences
© [original meaning] educational institution,
school, university, academy
gakuen educational institution, school
gakko school, college
gakuin institute, academy
gakucho college president, rector; dean
gakunen school year, grade
shogakko elementary [primary]
school
chugaku junior high school
daigaku university, college
shigaku private [nongovernmental]
school [college, university]
Ъ tsugakusuru attend [go to] school
А^'Ф-?) пуйдакизиги enter a school, ma-
triculate
0 scholar, student
даккуй scholar, student
gakusei student
gakusha scholar, learned man
gakuwari student discount
gakkai academic circles [world]
sengaku scholars of the past, senior
scholar
shukugaku renowned scholar
597
1624-1625
Пп [ ш ш м i
5-3
кодаки junior scholar; future reference
tokugaku love of learning, devotion to
one's studies
IINDEPENDENTl
[gaku studies, learning
-Ь gaku ga aru have learning, be
educated
|^UN]
[manabu learn, study, take lessons
manabi learning, study
1626
H2-5-3
► LONG
► CHIEF
CHO naga(i) Ц] naga osa nagashi
osamu tsukasa susumu
	Joyo-2	S8-8-0	K3625
168	A0013	®2556	U9577
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also prefix] (of considerable extent) long
0 length
a ft& chohen long section (as of a novel or a
film)
ft IT choda long hit
ft®^8 chokyori long distance
ft^fe chddaina long and massive; tall and
stout
b jj'fi shincho stature, height
0 [also prefix] (of considerable duration) long
ftSI choki long period
ft* choju long life, longevity
ftB^fel chojikan longtime
© grow (up), develop, prolong
$cft seicho growth
5Hft encho extension, prolongation, con-
tinuation
0 [also suffix] chief, head, president, director,
chairman
ft Ж chokan director, administrator, chief
l^ft kachd section chief [head]
Tfifft shicho mayor
ft sencho (ship) captain
ft ft shacho president (of a company)
^ft kaicho president (of a society)
i8ft gicho chairman, president (ofthe sen-
ate)
Ж ft shuchd chieftain
SfeWft saibancho presiding [chief] judge
0 strong point, merit, advantage, superiority
ftSJf chosho strong point, merit
Wft tokucho strong point, forte
0 eldest, older; old, senior
ftJPj chonan eldest son
ftjfc chojo eldest daughter
^ft nencho seniority
IINDEPENDENTl
[cho ft] chief, head, leader
-^^Oft ikka no cho head of a family
[KUN]
[nagai ftH]
0 (of considerable extent) long, lengthy, pro-
longed
0 (of considerable duration) long
oft$ nagasa length
ftST nagasode clothes with long sleeves
b ft 6 < nagaraku for a long time
ft 31 < nagabiku be prolonged, drag on
ftjrF^'T'b nagamochi suru last [keep]
long, endure
ft&ftcf'T'b nagatsuzuki suru last for a long
time
ftnS<^'3~<?> nagabanashi о suru have a
long talk
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ftl*JZ£A nodokana tranquil, peaceful
I HOMOPHONES]
nagai Ж eternal =>1230
► HIGH MOUNTAIN
GAKU take [1] taka oka
1627		Uj 46		Joyo		S8-3-5			K1957	
B2-5-3				C1455		®2557			U5CB3	
1	<			ЙГ			ЙС.		&		
										
1	2	3		4	5	6	7	8								
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 high mountain, mountain, peak
gakuyukai mountaineering club
ill® sangaku mountains
1626-1627
598
5-4
[KUN]
[take S] high mountain, mountain, peak;
suffix after names of mountains
$|fSJ(Z)-Sr asamanotake Mt. Asa ma
В ® asahidake Mt. Asahi
1628
H2-5-3
► WIFE
SAI tsuma
tc.	Joyo-5	S8-3-5	K2642
38	B0747	©2558	U59BB
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] wife
saishi one's wife and children, one's
family
AU fusai husband and wife, Mr. and Mrs.,
married couple
kyosaika henpecked husband, man
bossed by his wife
1ЕЖ seisai lawful [legal] wife
[KUN]
[tsuma wife, one's wife
AS hitozuma married woman, another's
wife
inazuma lightning.
1629
H2-5-3
► DEDICATE
HO BU tatematsu(ru) Щ tomo
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K4284
37	C1587	02559	U5949
О [original meaning] dedicate (esp. to a deity),
offer, present, proffer
АЙЙ'ТИэ handsuru dedicate (to a deity),
offer
АЙКАhdken suru offer (to a shrine)
00 reverentially, respectfully, humbly
—honorific term expressing respect toward
the person addressed, esp. the Emperor of Ja-
pan
0 serve reverentially, serve under (a mas-
ter)
а	hodokusuru read reverentially
АЖ hokan restoration to the Emperor
AW hotd reply to the Throne
АЖ hoga respectful congratulation
b	hoshisuru attend, serve
A A hdkd public duty [service]; domestic
service, apprenticeship
A®c А%) hdshoku suru be in the service of
[KUN]
[tatematsuru A <5 ] [honorific] dedicate,
offer [present] respectfully
SHEWIIAkokudnishoo
tatematsuru address a memorial to the
King
1630
H2-5-4

► A CERTAIN
BO
	Joyo	S9-4-5	K4331
75	D2339	02560	U67D0
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also prefix] a certain, one

Ж В bdjitsu a certain day
ЖК bdshi a certain person
Ж Я bokoku a certain country
Ж A? bojo Ms. So-and-so
ЖЖ bobo so-and-so
MWf bosho a certain place
bokdko a certain high school
Ж ffl? A bohakase Dr. X
1631
H2-5-4
► STOMACH
I
я 130	Jdyd-4	S9-4-5	KI 663
	D1742	©2561	U80C3
\.......
..............................................i...i....a
599
1628-1631
В 5-4
2	.
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] stomach
WJB icho stomach and intestines [bowels]
-jzf	ichobyogaku gastroenterology
ijaku dyspepsia, indigestion
EH	ibukuro stomach
W Tit ikasui gastric ptosis
,	/ел gastritis
S W?fx^x ikaiyo stomach ulcer
§ WSX igan gastric cancer
-y	ikataru gastric catarrh
[independent!
*[i W1 STOMACH
® 1632
ijl °2-5-4
It
► WORLD
► BOUNDS
KAI Щ sakai
ffl	Joyo-3	S9-5-4	K1906
102	A0162	02563	U754C
1
О [also suffix] (segment of society engaged in same
activity) world, circles
Ж"??- gyokai industry, business world
Й1?- seikai political world
kakkai every sphere of life, various cir-
cles
gakkai academic circles [world]
keizaikai economic world, financial
circles
geindkai entertainment world, world
of show business
0 (physical world) world
sekai world, universe
takaisuru die, pass away
HI?- gaikai external world
© [original meaning] bounds, boundary, border
PSI?- genkai boundary, limit, bounds
istl?- kydkai boundary, border
► THINK
SHI omo(u)
1633
	Joyo-2	S9-4-5	K2755
61	A0138	02564	U601D
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
H2-5-4
0 [original meaning] think, consider, regard,
believe, feel
Ж^ shiko thinking, thought, consideration
ЖЖ shii thinking, speculation
Ъ shian suru think, consider, reflect
ЖчЖТ-6 shisakusuru think, speculate
ЖЖ shiryo consideration, thought, discre-
tion
ЖЙ shisd thought, conception, idea
ЖЖ ishi intention, purpose
ТЖрЙ^ fushigina strange, mysterious,
wonderful
[KUN]
[omou Ж5]
O0 think, consider; regard
© (believe) think, believe, hold
О (consider likely) think, expect, hope; guess
a Ж И ото/ thought, idea; feelings; desire,
wish; heart
Ж V * ft <C omoitsuku think of, hit upon
BV^ftc^ omoitsuki idea, plan
ЖЛТ/Т omoiagaru get conceited, get
stuck-up
SH&tf omoikomu be under the impres-
sion that, be convinced that
ьШМтЬ1^ТИ6<ЬЖИГГ
Watashi wa kare да machigatte iru to
omoimasu I believe that he is wrong
с Жomowazu unintentionally; uncon-
sciously; unexpectedly
ЖчИШ^&И omoigakenai unexpected;
accidental
0 wish, desire, want
Ж^ omowaku thought, intention, purpose
omoikiru resign oneself to, give
up; resolve, determine
omoikitte boldly, decisively,
daringly
ЖчИ'Щ^ omoikiri decisiveness; resignation;
1632-1633
600
5-4
to one's heart content; with all one's
might
Ж V >it Ъ omoitodomaru abandon (an
idea), refrain from (doing)
Ж 5omouzonbun to one's heart's
content
L tz V > <ЬЖ □ shitai to omou want to do
something
© (recall a thought)think, recollect, recall,
remember
ЖчННи omoide recollections, memory, remi-
niscences
ЖНйд’<Г omoidasu recollect, recall, re-
member
0 think of, care for, love
жнжо omoiyari sympathy, compassion;
thoughtfulness
IHOMQPHONESI
omou Ж CONCEIVE =>02828
1634
В 2-5-4
► START
► EMIT
HATSU HOTSU ta(tsu)A И hiraku
akira
n	Jdyo-3	S9-5-4	K4015
105	A0050	02565	U767A
7 |7 7'
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
4	5	6	7	8	9
О (bring into being) start, originate, initiate,
give rise to, generate, produce
hottan origin, beginning, outset
ha кkai opening of a meeting; first meet-
ing
hossoku (=hassoku) suru start, be
inaugurated
hakkansuru publish, issue
hatsudd suru exercise, invoke;
move, put in motion
jRsiS hatsuden generation of electricity; tele-
graphing
iRsIrft hatsunetsu generation of heat; attack of
fever
hatsugan carcinogenesis, production
of cancer
ЙЖ hasso conception; music expression
hatsumei invention, contrivance
[M	мд
hokkinin originator; promoter; pro-
poser
0 (come into being) start up, arise, become,
occur
hasseisuru occur, happen; grow,
breed
hakkosuru become effective, take
effect, come into force
Ъ hakkyo suru go mad, become in-
sane [crazy]
happunsuru be stimulated, be
inspired, be roused
sRsfH hossa fit, attack, seizure
Й iRstt jihatsusei spontaneity, spontane-
ousness
© О (begin forward movement) start, depart,
set out, leave
0 departure
0 suffix indicating time or point of depar-
ture
a hatchaku departure and arrival
hasshasuru start, leave, depart
shuppatsu departure, starting
senpatsu suru start in advance, go
ahead, precede
b shihatsu first departure; starting station
c ABvf^s<Z)^IJ* hachijihatsu no ressha train
leaving at eight
Xл. — Э — £7	0® nyuyokuhatsuno
bin flight from New York
00 (give off) emit, send out, issue, discharge,
dispatch, transmit
0 (put forth or distribute officially) issue, prom-
ulgate, publish
a hakko radiation, luminescence
iRstF hakkan perspiring, sweating
hatsuon pronunciation
% A hakka ignition; combustion
hassan emission; radiation; evaporation
Ъ hatsubyd suru fall ill, get sick
johatsu evaporation, volatilization; mys-
terious disappearance
b hasshin sending a letter [telegram]
hasso sending, forwarding, shipping
hatsugensuru speak, utter
IRsff hakko publication, issue; (of bank notes)
issue
happu proclamation, promulgation
hatsureisuru announce officially,
601
1634
В 5-4
2 issue
ЙтЕЖ Ъ hats и bai suru sell, put on the mar-
ket
fl Qi hatchu ordering
я	й7ЁSih) hakkin (=hatsubai
m	kinshi) prohibition of sale, suppression
Ш	(of a book)
ranpatsu excessive issue
00 [original meaning] (emit a projectile) dis-
charge, fire, shoot
@ о (be discharged) discharge, explode
a	hasshasuru discharge, shoot,
launch
iRsf® happo firing, discharge of a gun
yc	ill fl renpatsu running fire, volley
, IBU bbhatsu spontaneous discharge, acci-
ЛЛ dental gun discharge
b Ж fl fuhatsu misfire
Ъ bakuhatsu suru explode, burst;
ЙХ	erupt
ль	isshokusokuhatsu touch-and-go
v L	situation, hair-trigger crisis
0 reveal, open up, disclose, make public,
announce
happyosuru announce, make pub-
lie, publish
?4Z fill hakken discovery, revelation, detection
fRsffi'TT'b hakkutsusuru dig, excavate
Ъ hakkisuru display, exhibit, dem-
onstrate
fIM hatsuro expression, manifestation
•ffifl'TT'S tekihatsu suru expose, lay bare,
disclose
0 develop, grow
fRsiil hattatsu development, growth, prog-
ress
hatsuikusuru grow, develop
’TЪ hatten suru expand, grow, de-
velop; prosper
HINT'S kaihatsu suru develop, open out;
enlighten
0 rebound, repel, repulse
hatsujb (=bane) spring
hanpatsu repulsion, repelling; rally (of
the market); opposition
© lively, energetic
QfflZX kappatsuna lively, active
[independent!
[hassuru fIT<5 J emit, radiate, send forth
hoshasen о hassuru emit
radioactive rays
[KUN]
[tatsu fl Э ] start (on a journey), leave,
depart
tdkydotatsu leave Tokyo
[HOMOPHONES]
tatsu
\L STAND =^1257
Ж BUILD =>1965
jE RISE =>®3307
Й PASSTHROUGH =>0898
► EMPEROR
КО О ID sumeragi sumera
1635
H 2-5-4
a	Jdyo-6	S9-5-4	K2536
106	B0668	©2566	U7687
0 emperor, sovereign
0 related to the emperor, imperial
a Ж^ kbtei emperor
Ж/д1 кода empress, queen
ЖЙ kohi empress, queen
ЖЖЖ kbtaishi crown prince
Ж Ж tenno Emperor of Japan
b Жё kbkyo Imperial Palace
ЖЖ kbshitsu Imperial Family
Ж Ж bji imperial prince
1636
H2-5-4
► SPRING
SEN izumi Ц] mizu
7k	Joyo-6	S9-4-5	K3284
85	C1072	®2567	U6CC9
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (source or issue of water) spring, fountain
0 [also suffix] hot spring
1635-1636
602
5-4 В
а '®Ж onsen hot spring
/тзЖ reisen cold water spring
b Й5Ж kosen mineral spring
ЯМЖ gensen fountainhead, source
ЙЙЛЖ iosen sulfur spring
TJWJ U Ж arukarisen alkali spring
[kun]
[izumi Ж] spring, fountain
Я1 utf 0 Ж chishiki no izumi source of knowl-
edge
B2-5-4	incorrect classification =>see B2-6-3: IB. at 1687
И2-5-4	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-7: V at 1325
1637
В2-5-4
► SWEET SMELL
KO KYO ka kao(ri) kao(ru)
[D yoshi
w	Joyo	S9-9-0	K2565
186	B0735	®2568	U9999
123456789
[COMPOUNDS!
0 [original meaning] sweet smell, pleasant
odor, perfume, fragrance, aroma, scent
Q swEET-SMELLing, fragrant
а ШЙЬИ kdbashii nice-smelling,fragrant
hoko perfume, fragrance, aroma
b shinko pickles
WzK kosui perfume
kdki fragrance, perfume, scent
koyu pomade, balm, perfumed oil
[KUN]
[ka sweet smell, fragrance, perfume,
aroma
7E0W hana пока fragrance of flowers
0 IS utsuriga lingering [absorbed] scent
fiW iroka beauty, loveliness, feminine
charms; color and scent
[kaori § 0 ] sweet smell, perfume, fra-
grance, scent
momo no hana no kaori
fragrance of peach blossom [ kaoru S Ъ ] smell sweet, be fragrant					' 2
IHOMOPHONESI kaori Ж balmy =>1535 kaoru Ж BALMY =>1535					tr ffl A a
incorrect classification 4/J	=^see B2-3-6: at 1441 B2-5-4					
Y-Vl	incorrect classification Э	=^see B2-2-7: at 1312 B2-5-4 -X||-|	► LAY ACROSS KA ka(keru) ka(karu)					§ Ус
					AL
1638	*	Joyo	S9-4-5	K1845	ЙП
B2-5-4	75	D1669	®2569	U67B6	
H [Zn	Jvo\
I.....I...........!....!....Jr
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9Zl|,
ICOMPOUNDSI
О lay (a bridge or wire) across, build across,
span (a river) with (a bridge), bridge
kasetsusuru construct, erect, build,
install
т1<Ш kasen aerial wiring	-йог
kakyd bridge building
kaku no overhead, aerial; fanciful,
fictitious
кдкакуд elevated bridge
0 rack, shelf, stand, mount, support, frame
£/£$£ juka arm rack, rifle stand
gaka easel
tanka stretcher
jujika cross, crucifix
shoka bookshelf, bookstack
kaika open access, open shelves
[KUN]
[kakeru tyVrf&l lay (a bridge or wire)
across, build across, span (a river) with (a
bridge), bridge
densen о kakeru lay a wire
[kakaru	span, (of cables) be laid
across, be built across
J11 (d	Ъ kawa ni kakaru hashi bridge
603
1637-1638
В 5-4
А	spanning a river
IHOMQPHONESI
kakeru
-н-	Sb set =>0361
И	® SUSPEND =>1855
ffl MX =>®1605
Ж DRIVE =>1185
Й SOAR =>0918
Q kakaru
B	j# SET =>0361
и	® SUSPEND =>1855
Ш CONNECT =>>0073
5gx =>®2902
Ж Sx =><8>2619
		► GET ANGRY DO ika(ru) oko(ru)			
$	1639		Joyo	S9-4-5	K3760
ft	H2-5-4	61	C1307	02571	U6012
	|< \!i -b				
£	ICOMPOUNDSl		5	6	7	8	9
0 [original meaning] get angry, be enraged
0 anger, rage
a donaru shout, yell
W fundo (=funnu) anger, rage, resentment
b doki anger, indignation
dosei angry voice, harsh words
dotd raging billows [waves]
dogo (angry) roar, outcry, bellow
gekido wild rage, fury
kidoairaku joy and anger; emo-
tion
[kun]
[ikaru ^^5] get angry, be enraged, get
excited
ikarasu offend, make angry
0 ikari anger, rage
0	5 ikarikuruu rage, be in a fit (of an-
ger)
[okoru -5 ] get angry, be enraged, get
excited; scold, rebuke
kankanniokoru blow
one's top
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with &R forgive with compassion
=>1695
1640
H2-5-4
► DYE
SEN so(meru) -zo(me) -zome
so(maru) shi(miru) -ji(miru)
shi(mi) [Ц some
Ж	Jdyo-6	S9-4-5	K3287
75	B0891	®2572	U67D3
О DYE, color
senshoku dyeing
senpatsu hair dyeing
senshoku dyeing and weaving
senryd dyes, dyestuffs
00 be infected, contract (a disease)
0 contaminate
a	kansen infection
densenbyd infectious disease
b	osen pollution, contamination
[KUN]
[someru
0DYE
0 color, stain, tinge
a some dyeing, printing
somemonoya dyer
somenaosu redye
ho о someru blush
chizomeno bloodstained
[-zome	[also suffix]
0 DYEing process
0 DYEd fabric
a sakizome yarn dyeing
b	ydzenzome silk printed by the
yuzen process
[somaru *6] be DYEd, take color
01 o' somariguai effect of dyeing
Ж < S kuroku somaru be dyed black
[shimiru	soak into, permeate
shimi stain, blot, spot
shimikomu soak into, permeate
W shimitsuku be dyed in deeply, be
1639-1640
604
5-4
stained
[-jimiru	[verbal suffix]
О be imbued with, be stained with
aburajimiru become greasy, be
oil-stained
0 have a touch of, look like
kichigaijimite iru have
a touch of insanity, be slightly crazy
[shimi stain, blot, spot
Л	ink!no shimi ink stain
IHOMOPHONESI
someru FIRST =>0759
-zome W FIRST =>0759
shimiru
=>®703
/Ж FREEZE =><8)129
1641
H2-5-4
► BACK
HAI se sei somu(ku) somu(keru)
Ц] shiro
я	Jdyo-6	S9-4-5	K3956
130	B0728	©2573	U80CC
-	4		V-		Г			
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 back (of the body)
0 (backside) back, reverse side, rear
а WnE haibu back
ЖЙК haiei backstroke
Wf^ haigo back, rear
b W® haimen rear, back, reverse
Ж Ж haikei background; (stage) scenery, set-
ting, scene; backing
BMW fukuhai back and front; opposition in
the heart
[KUN]
[se WJ
О back; backside
ЖФ senaka back
W# sebone backbone, spine
ЖЙ5 seou carry on one's back, shoulder,
bear
W [n] (Cf <5 seo mukeru turn one's back on,
pretend not to see
0 stature, height
senojun order of height
© unclassified compounds
W)X sebiro business suit
[sei WJ stature, height
Wtt7^ seikurabe comparison of statures
±W uwazei height, stature
[somuku W < J go against, disobey, rebel
against, violate
yakusokunisomuku break
one's promise
[somukeru Wturn (one'sface) away
Ш & W &t'b kao о somukeru turn one's face
away
IHOMOPHONESI
somuku Жх =><8)1143
И2-5-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-7: >- at 1322
	incorrect classification
	=>see B2-2-7: at 1328
H2-5-4	
уч/	► FLOURISH '	Г £	► GLORY El saka(eru) ha(e) -ba(e) ha(eru) -	л	ет [Ц saka sakae hide shige 	shigeru yoshi  n C A					
*	Jdyd-4	S9-4-5	K1741
75	B0928	®2574	U6804

1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О flourish, prosper, thrive, be prosperous
eikoseisui prosperity and decline,
rise and fall
han'eisuru prosper, thrive, flourish
0 glory, honor, splendor, fame, distinction
eiyo honor, glory, distinction
eiko glory
eiga prosperity, splendor, glory
eitatsu success in life, rise in the world
eikan honor, glory; garland, laurels
eiten promotion
© tonic, blood (in Chinese medicine)
605
1641-1642
2
й
§

&
Й
eiyo nutrition, nourishment
[KUN]
[sakaeru	flourish, prosper, thrive,
be prosperous
sakaetajidai prosperous age
kuninosakae prosperity of a
country
[hae >ЙЛ] glory, splendor
haearu glorious,splendid
[-bae -йсЛ]
О looking better
mibae improvement in appearance,
good show
О result, effect
dekibae result, effect, workman-
ship
ЙП [haeru look better [to advantage],
go well with
haenaiiro dull color
А<Б Sono kino
okage de niwa да haeru The tree sets
off the garden
| HOMOPHONES]
-bae 0Л REFLECT =>0600
haeru [ft reflect =^0600
1643
H2-5-4
► INNER HEART
CHU Щ makoto
	Joyo	S9-5-4	K3579
145	D2232	@2575	U8877
ICOMPOUNDSI
О inner heart, true heart, inner feelings;
sincerity
M'L? chQshin inner heart, inmost feelings
SM kuchu mental suffering, dilemma
О happy mean, moderation, propriety
Ж setchu compromise, eclecticism
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж sorrow =>1310
f	► SPRING
У	SHUN haru ID kasu su hajime
1644	В Joyo-2	S9-4-5	K2953
В 2-5-4	72 B0543 ®2576	U6625
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] spring
0 the spring of life, youth
a W shunki spring
shunto spring labor offensive
shunbun vernal equinox
shunmin morning sleep in spring
shunkashuto four seasons, all
(the) year round
risshun first day of spring
raishun next spring
konshun this spring
b WW seishun bloom of youth
0 love, sex, sexual desire, eros
tQW baishun prostitution
[haru #] spring; the New Year; spring of life,
youth
WW harusame spring rain; sticks of bean
jelly
harukaze spring breeze
harusaki early spring
harumeku become springlike
haruichiban first storm in the spring
A^feO W jinsei no haru the spring of life,
the flower [prime] of youth
hatsuharu early spring; the New Year
#0 @ $6 haru no mezame awakening of
the spring, puberty
1645
H 2-5-4
► PLAY MUSIC
SO kana(deru) ID капа
*	Jbyo-6	S9-3-6	K3353
37	B0908	@2577	U594F
1643-1645
606
[COMPOUNDS!
Ф play music, perform (on a musical instru-
ment)
ensdsuru perform, play
suisdgaku wind instrument music
1SW juso duet
□“W gassb ensemble, concert
W banso accompaniment
kyosokyoku concerto
[kUn]
[kanaderu WT'-б] play on (a musical in-
strument), perform
tfT 7	piano о kanaderu play the
piano
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж tranquil =>1650 and
Ж QIN DYNASTY =>1649
incorrect classification
ВЭ =>see H2-2-8: at 1329
В2-5-5
incorrect classification
HJi =>see H2-2-8: at 1332
В2-5-5
J>77 >KEEP ►STAY 1 [ 1 RYU RU to(meru) -to(meru) - - лл. -do(me) to(maru) todo(maru)A 1646 Etome  n r c						
и	Jdyd-5	SI 0-5-5	K4617
102	B0741	02580	U7559
C |£^|£77 £77|ЗД £77 £77
£77
Ш
ICOMPOUNDSl
О cause to remain in a given place or condition:
0 [original meaning] keep in place, keep from
moving, keep in position
0 keep in custody, detain
0 keep for future use, leave behind
keiryusuru moor, anchor
iryusuru dissuade from resigning
[ » EJ > X § W И 1
_______________________________________5j>B
b §зй ryuchi detention, custody, retention
JJI^a'T^) yokuryusuru detain, intern, seize,
arrest
с	ryuhosuru reserve, withhold, keep
back
{Ж® horyu reservation
Ш^а na iryCihin article left behind, lost prop-
erty
00 (remain in a given condition) stay, remain,
continue
0 (remain in a given place) stay, sojourn,
reside
а iatt'TЪ ryuninsuru remain [stay] in office
Ъ гуйпеп suru stay more than two
years in the same class
zanryusuru stay behind
{$183^ teiryujo (bus) stop, station
b ryOgakusei student studying abroad
ia rusu absence (from home); caretaking;
defending when the lord is absent
ЙИз'А'Ь churyusuru be stationed at, stay
tdryQsuru stay, sojourn
zairyu-hojin Japanese residents
[KUN]
[tomeru
O0 keep in place, retain, fix, fasten
0 (keep a vehicle from moving) park
tomegane clasp, latch,fastening
b Ж ia 7) Ъ kuruma о tomeru pa rk a ca r
0 keep in mind
3 §3 ?£)	ki ni tomeru mind, give heed to,
pay attention to
[-tomeru -Й 7) <5 ] writedown, register
ilia kakitome registered mail
[-dome - e§tb] clip, fastener, retainer
W^a tib obidome sash clip [fastener]
it® $b dodome sheathing, retaining (wall)
[tomaru
О be held in position, be fastened
fl*xkugidetomatteiru be
fastened with a nail
0 perch on
Ж ® Ъ ki ni tomaru sit in a tree
4огй < ®	otakaku tomaru assume an
air of importance, put on airs
[todomaru ® <5] stay behind, remain
Ж ® ie ni todomaru stay home
607
1646
Ня
2	:------------
IHOMOPHONESI
tomeru
it STOP =>1868
Й STAY OVERNIGHT =>0246
HALT =>®139
-tomeru it stop =>1868
-dome lb STOP =>1868
tomaru
it STOP =>1868
Й STAY OVERNIGHT =>0246
HALT =>®139
todomaru jt STOP =>®2941
щ
rtJ
► BELT
► WEAR
TAI o(biru) obi
1648		Joyo-4	SI 0-3-7	K3451
H2-5-5	50	B0800	®2582	U5E2F
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
[ м и t S К ]
incorrect classification
=>see В2-3-7: — at 1468
H2-5-5
>rz.	► PARTY TO			
1647				
	JL	Jdyo-6	S10-2-8	K3762
H2-5-5	10д	A0023	®2581	U515A
0 (political group) party, political party, faction
0 suffix after names of political parties
a Ж toin party member
jSl=i toshu party chief [leader]
totaikai party convention
toha party, faction, clique
ЙСЗЙ seito political party
if 3^ yato opposition party
Ж^ shukuto purging disloyal elements from
a party
b kyowato Republican Party
shakaito Socialist Party
[independent!
[to j£] political party, faction
td о dattai suru leave the
party
О [also suffix] [original meaning] belt, sash, girdle,
band, obi
hotai bandage, dressing
Bffi’ fukutai bellyband
Slnr"^-?) chakutaisuru wear a maternity
belt
itlfO.^ shiketsutai tourniquet
0 [also suffix] (geographical area) belt, zone,
region
obijo (=taijo) no belt-shaped
chitai zone, area
—nr ittai belt, zone, tract (of land), area
IB;nr nettai tropics, torrid zone
/ШЙпг ryokuchitai green belt
И$[У!пг jikantai time belt
0 wear (esp. at [on] the belt), bear, carry on
one's person, be armed with
nr 7J taito wearing a sword
taiken suru wear a sword, be
armed with a sword
keitaisuru carry, bring with one,
equip oneself with
0 have, possess
0?пг shotai household, home
saitaisha married man
ftnrWfe futaitekina incidental, secondary,
accessory
0 work together, cooperate
iSw rentai solidarity
[KUN]
[obiru	wear (esp. at [on] the belt),
bear, carry on one's person be armed with
В1] nr ken о obiru wear a sword at
one's side
[obi nr] belt, sash, girdle, band
1647-1648
608
5-6 В
W Й йд Ъ obi о shimeru do up a sash
obidome sash clip [fastener]
obikawa leather belt
fukuroobi double-woven obi
1649
В2-5-5
► QIN DYNASTY
SHIN JIN hata Щ hada
	Names	S10-5-5	K3133
115	D1964	©2582.5	U79E6
• QIN DYNASTY (221-206 B.C.)
[KUN]
[hata Ж J Hata: name of ancient Japanese
clan of Korean origin
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with W play music =>1645 and
Ш TRANQUIL =>1650
ICOMPOUNDSI
► TRANQUIL
TAI Ц] yasu yasushi hiro hata
1650
В2-5-5
zK	Joyo	S10-5-5	K3457
85	C1241	©2583	U6CF0
10
IcompoundsI
0 tranquil, peaceful, composed, calm
taihei tranquility, perfect peace
taizentaru calm, composed;firm
antai peace, security, tranquility
[note]
★do not confuse with W play music =>1645 and
QIN DYNASTY =>1649
1651
В2-5-6
► DIFFERENT
I koto koto(naru)
ffl	Jdyd-6	S11-5-6	K1659
102	B0681	©2584	U7570
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also prefix]
0 [original meaning] (not alike) different,
unlike; opposite
(of a different place) foreign	_un
а Д1Й igi objection, complaint	7
ДЙ isei opposite sex
ДЙ ido shifting, reshuffle
HE Д sai difference, disparity
ДЕЙИЬ ibunka different cultures
b Д^Й ikyd foreign country, strange land
ДЯЛ ihojin foreigner, alien
0 not ordinary: strange, unusual, abnormal,
unorthodox, extraordinary, exceptional, pe-
culiar
ijona abnormal, unusual, extraordi-
nary
ДЙ itan heresy, paganism, heterodoxy
Д>Ь? ishin treasonous intention, betrayal; ec-
centricity
Д{Я| irei singular case, exception
Д'ЁФ ishokuno novel, unique
Д^* isai genius, prodigy
pf Д/£ kiina unusual, strange
[kun]
[koto Д] difference
Д Ъ koto nisuru differ, be different
[kotonaru ДХХ&] different, be different
from
Z2 O (7) Д	<5 futatsu no kotonaru ten
two different points
IHOMOPHONESI
koto 5S SPECIAL =>0639
1652
В2-5-6
► CUMULATE
RUI
&	Joyo	S11-6-5	K4663
120	D1680	©2585	U7D2F
609
1649-1652
В 5-6
g ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф cumulate, accumulate, pile up
Ж fit ruiseki accumulation
\L	ЖЙЗ ruika cumulation, cumulative rise
+jq	Ж nt ruikei total
Ж^Ш ruizo cumulative increase, progressive
increase
Ж Ж ruijd math involution, power
► MAY
KO GO КО Щ takashi satsuki akira
noboru sai
1653
H2-5-6
S	Names	S11-5-6	K2709
106	D3576	©2586.5	U7690
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [rare] may (of the lunar calendar)
Ж Я kdgetsu (=satsuki) May (of the lunar
calendar)
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Ж Я satsuki elegant May
H2-5-6	£ incorrect classification	
	- =>see В 2-3-8:	at 1470
H2-5-6	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-9: at 1342	
► BUDDHIST SURPLICE
KE KA
1654
И2-5-6
%.	Names	S11-6-5	K2322
145	D2810	©2587.5	U8888
ICOMPOUNDSl
• BUDDHIST SURPLICE
kesa Buddhist surplice
ASeSSZi ogesana exaggerated, hyperboli-
cal
1655
H2-5-6
И И И'
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
► BAG
TAI fukuro
	Joyo	S11-6-5	K3462
145	C1129	©2588	U888B
4	5	6	7	8	9

* [original meaning] bag, sack
yutai mailbag
futai tare
[KUN]
[fukuro [also suffix] bag, sack, pouch
ofakuro one's mother
A 0 fukuroiri pouched, sacked
fukuroobi double-woven obi
kamibukuro paper bag
tebukuro gloves
ukibukuro air bladder
kyurydbukuro pay envelope
[SPECIAL READINGS]
tabi Japanese [digitated] socks, tabi
► HALL
DO
1656 B2-5-6	± 32		Jdyd-4		S11-3-8			K3818	
			B0950		©2589			U5802	
i 1 I 41 i 1	2	3		4		5	6	7	8		9
ivixi
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] (building for public gatherings) hall,
public building
kokaidd town [public] hall
ЙИ-S gijidd assembly hall; Diet Building
0 (large room for public gatherings) hall, meet-
ing place
ISIS kodd lecture hall, auditorium
1653-1656
610
5-7
shokudd dining hall [room]; restaurant
is ongakudo concert hall
0 (building or hall for worship) temple building,
temple, shrine, church
doto temple buildings, temple
О dignified, majestic
dodotaru dignified, magnificent,
imposing, majestic, stately
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with 'fit normal =>1657
► NORMAL
► REGULAR
JO tsune toko- Ц] toki tokiwa
1657	Ф	Jdyd-5	S11-3-8	K3079
H2-5-6	50	A0331	®2590	U5E38
О normal, ordinary, usual, common, regular
® joshiki common sense, common knowl-
edge
jotai normal state [condition]
^'fit hijo emergency, calamity
ijona abnormal, unusual, extraordi-
nary
IE® seijo normality, normalcy
ffi®0 tsujo no common, ordinary, usual
heijono ordinary, normal, usual
0 regular, habitual, standing
®Ж jomu managing [executive] director
joren regular visitors [customers], fre-
quenters
joryokuju evergreen tree
joshoku daily food, staple food
joyo common use, daily use
joyd kanji Chinese characters des-
ignated for daily use
®0yf0 jojino regular, standing
®£ESJ1 jdniniin standing committee
0 ® 0 nichijo no daily, everyday
[KUN]
[tsune Ж J ordinary course of events, nor-
mal condition
Ж (E tsune ni always, at all times
Щ:0Ж yo no tsune the way of the world
[toko- Ж-J everlasting, unending
®J0[1 tokonatsu no kuni land of ever-
lasting summer
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with It hall =>1656
1658
H2-5-6
► FIREFLY
KEI hotaru
	Joyo	S11-6-5	K2354
142	D2101	®2591	U86CD
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl

О [original meaning] firefly, glowfly
keika light of a firefly
keisetsu diligent study
0 (luminous as a firefly) fluorescent
keiko fluorescence
Off keikotd fluorescent lamp [light]
UtH keiseki fluorite
[kun]
[hotaru FIREFLY, glowfly
07*6 hotaru no hikari firefly glow; Auld
Lang Syne
H2-5-6
1659
Я2-5-7
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-6-6: lit at 1728
► TATAMI
► FOLD UP
JO tata(mu) tata(mi)- tatami
ffl	Joyo	S12-5-7	K3086
102	D1800	®2592	U7573
611
1657-1659
В 5-7
ICOMPOUNDSI
[ > (f ) > § Я g В W > Ш ]
ф counter for tatami or (straw) mats
|23JE^(Z)ЙЕЖ yojohannoheya four-and-
a-half-mat room
[kun]
[tatamu St?] fold up, fold; shut
tatamaru be folded (up)
®T Ю 4^*0 oritatamino collapsible
ie о tatamu shut up one's house
[tatami- S<&-] [prefix] folding, collapsible
tatamiisu folding [collapsible]
chair
tatamichizu folding map
[tatami S] tatami, mat, straw mat
tatamiomote mat facing
tatamigae refacing [renewing] mats
tatamijiki no heya straw-
matted room
W S aodatami new mat
► BASE
► SMALL FORT
RUI
1660
H2-5-7
±	Joyo	S12-3-9	K4661
32	B0678	®2593	U5841
ICOMPOUNDSI
О baseball base
ruishin base umpire
ЙИ manrui full bases
HU sanrui third base
honruida homerun
torui base stealing, steal
© [original meaning] (small military fortification
consisting of raised earthwork) small fort,
rampart, parapet, fortress, redoubt
ruiheki rampart
ztfS dorui earthwork, fieldwork
►CLIMB
/|—TO TO nobo(ru) Щ nobori taka
sumi
1661	A	Jdyd-3	S12-5-7	K3748
H2-5-7	105	B0595	®2595	U767B
ICOMPOUNDSI
О climb, ascend, mount, go up
Sill tozan mountain climbing, mountaineer-
ing
tocho climbing to the summit
SUITЪ toro suru go into a tall building;
visit a brothel
tokosuru climb up
О attend, go to, appear
toko attending school
tocho suru attend a government
office
SIS toin attendance at the House
НВЙ tojo attendance at a castle
Ъ tojo suru come on stage; appear
© register, enter, record
toroku registration
toki registration, registry
tosai registration, record
[kun]
[noboru § <5 ] (move up, esp. by using the
hands and feet) climb, mount, ascend, scale
0 nobori climbing, ascent
S V □ noboriguchi starting point (for the
ascent of a mountain)
yamanobori mountain climbing
endan ni noboru mount the
platform
IHOMOPHONESI
noboru
± UP =>2128
# ASCEND =>1565
nobori _h UP =>2128
1660-1661
612
5-7
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-10: at 1348
1662
H2-5-7
► BUY
BAI ka(u)
ж	Jdyd-2	S12-7-5	K3967
154	B0515	©2598	U8CB7
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] buy, purchase
ЖЧХ baishu buying up, purchasing; bribing
ЯП Ж kobai purchase, buying
ЙЖ baibai buying and selling, trade
[kun]
[kau Ж 5]
О buy, purchase
Я0 kai buying
МНф kaite buyer, customer
jtHfe kaimono shopping, marketing; pur-
chase
Ж И _E Ц1 <5 kaiageru buy, buy up; bid up
ЖИЛЬ kaiire purchase,buying
Ж ИЖ kaiki bullish [buying] sentiment
[feeling]
Ж^ЖЬ kaimodoshi redemption, repur-
chase
О appreciate
Ж <5 kaikaburu overrate, think too
highly of
► CONGRATULATE
GA Щ ka yoshi nori
1663	я	Joyo-5	S12-7-5	K1876
В2-5-7	154	B0831	©2599	U8CC0
|Т7 Я				
1. 23456789
wi
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 CONGRATULATE, greet
0 celebrate
а gajo greeting card
Я IE gasho New Year's congratulations,
Happy New Year
ЖЙ keiga congratulation, felicitation
nenga New Year's greetings; New Year's
card
b shukugakai celebration, party of
congratulation
► LEND
TAI ka(su) ka(shi)- kashi-
1664	Я	Joyo-5	512-7-5	K3463
B2-5-7	154	C1020	02600	U8CB8
				
/ Ij ij-			i Yi rrVr	
Ecn [ш< w a	t i «]
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] lend, loan; rent, hire out
file taishaku lending and borrowing, debt
and credit, loan
ft^ taiyo loan, lending
jtfi chintai lease, hiring out, charter
[KUN]
[kasu ftT] lend, loan; rent, hire out
ft L kashi loan, lending; renting
ftL@Jtl kashidaore irrecoverable debt
ft^z kashikin loan
ft I/ kashidasu lend, make a loan; rent-
hire
ft L Ш I/ kashidashi loan; lending service
ft L W 0 0 kashikiri no booked, reserved,
chartered
iS^JftL korigashi (=kdrikashi) loanshark-
ing, usury
ftfbl kashima room for rent
[kashi- ftL-, ft-] [also prefix] for rent, for
hire
ft L/фЖ kashihon'ya rental library
ft I/ Ж kashishitsu room for rent
ft Ж kashiya house for rent
613
1662-1664
В 5-7
9 —:------------------------------------------
48Й5пЙ kashitenpo store for rent
[NOTE]
, ★do not confuse with St money =>1594 and jf
щ WAGE =>1730
A rXZ? ►TRADE -ь- r~—1 BO лл			
1665 Ж ЛП B2-5-7	154	Jdyd-5	SI 2-7-5	K4339
	B0601	02601	U8CBF
ft P	\c		c- ™ ---	,	7	11 i И n I R  5	6	7	8	9		
			
ICOMPOUNDSl			
© [original meaning] trade, buy and sell, ex-
change
k 4 Яla bdeki trade, commerce
bdekigaisha trading firm
Я Sa® boekifu trade wind
Я Sana bdekihin articles of commerce
Я Sa Ж bdekigyd trading business
,\ГЛ	► PALM ► TAKE CHARGE OF SHO			
				
1666				
		Joyo	S12-4-8	K3024
H2-5-7	64	D1908	02602	U638C
О [original meaning] palm ofthe hand
shoakusuru hold, seize, grasp,
command
Ъ gasshosuru join one's hands (in
prayer)
shishomon hand print
© take charge OF, be in charge of, supervise
shdrisuru take charge of, preside
over, manage
shasho conductor
1667
H2-5-7
► MANAGE
► BARRACKS
El itona(mu)
М/	Joyo-5	SI 2-3-9	K1736
42A	A0316	02603	U55B6
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
O© manage (the affairs of an organization),
conduct, administer, operate, run, en-
gage in
© [also suffix] MANAGEd by, operated by
а	eigyosuru conduct [do] business,
trade in
'ЖН eirin forest management
jS'S*keieisuru manage (a firm), con-
duct (a business)
un'eisuru operate, manage
b kdei public management
JI rff'tn nagoyashiei managed by the
Nagoya Municipality
© BARRACKS, camp, encampment; fort
Д W heiei barracks
РШ'Ж jin'ei camp, quarters
If yaei camping, campground
© plan, realize (profits)
'S'eiri profit, gain
[KUN]
[itonamu manage, operate, conduct
itonami business, occupation, operation
1668
H2-5-7
► PERCEIVE
► COMMIT TO MEMORY
KAKU obo(eru) sa(masu)
sa(meru) sato(ru)v Щ satoshi
akira gaku
я	Jdyd-4	512-7-5	KI 948
147	B0703	02604	U899A
1665-1668
614
5-7
ICOMPOUNDSI
1669
H2-5-7
ОФ perceive, sense, discern, feel, be con-
scious; realize, know, comprehend
0 sense, sensation
ofc® kakugo readiness, preparedness; resig-
nation; resolution
ЙЖ chikaku perception, sensation
Ejjt'lT-S jikakusuru be conscious of, realize
b jjfc kankaku sense, sensation, feeling
shikaku sense of sight
ЯЙЖ tsukaku sense of pain
О awake, wake up; be disillusioned
1Й®Х’<ГЪ kakuseisuru awake, wake up; be
awakened, be disillusioned
kakuseizai stimulant
0 be detected, be disclosed, be discovered
hakkakusuru be detected, be dis-
closed, be discovered
[kun]
[oboeru
О commit то memory, remember, memorize
oboe recollection, memory; learning;
favor; feeling
oboegaki memorandum, memo,
note
mioboe recognition, remembrance
ftftA monooboe memory
0 learn, know, acquire
JS Л М И oboeyasui be easy to learn
[samasu Й^Т] vtawake, wake up
IIme о samasu awake, wake up,
awaken
El Ж L mezamashi alarm clock
[sameru Ф-S] viawake, wake up
0^ ty Ф S nemuri kara sameru
awake from one's sleep
[HOMOPHONES]
samasu	COLD =>0057
sameru	cold =>0057
satoru	AWAKE TO =>0312
► NOBLE
► YOUR HONORABLE
KI tatto(i) toto(i) tatto(bu)
tdto(bu) Ц] taka takashi atsu
yoshi
Я	Jdyd-6	S12-7-5	K2114
154	B0859	02606	U8CB4
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 (of noble rank) noble, high-ranking
0 (lofty in character) noble, exalted, honor-
able, dignified
а ДК kizoku nobility, noble
ЖЖЛ kifujin lady of rank, gentlewoman
b fukina wealthy and noble
iWjm/£ kokina high and noble
0 [also prefix] [honorific] your honorable,
your, your esteemed
Utt kisha your company
0 precious, valuable, costly
Mfo kichona precious, valuable
bukka toki rise in prices
[KUN]
[tattoi ftH]
О precious, valuable, priceless
ЙПф tattoi inochi precious life
0 (of noble rank) noble, high-ranking
tattoiiegara dearu be of
noble birth
[totoi mH] same as tattoi ЙИ
[tattobu ЖЛ>] value, set a high value on,
have a high regard for
ch 0 Ж inochi yori na о tattobu
value honor above life
[totobu ЖЛ<] same as tattobu
ISPECIAL READINGS]
M jfc* anata you (feminine pronoun)
[HOMOPHONES]
tattoi # HONOR =>1500
totoi ® HONOR =>1500
tattobu W HONOR =>1500

615
1669

5-7
tdtobu V- HONOR =>1500
1670
H2-5-7
► EXPENSE
HI tsui(yasu) tsui(eru)
я	Jdyd-4	512-7-5	K4081
154	A0270	®2607	U8CBB
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] expense, expenses, expenditure,
cost
Jtffl hiyo expenses, outlay
ЙЕ1 himoku item of expenditure
^Й kaihi fee, membership fee
^9 gakuhi school [educational] expenses
ftJt shokuhi food expenses; (charge for)
board
ЖЙ shuppi expenses, expenditure, outlay
ЙЕЙ keihi expense(s), cost(s), expenditure,
upkeep
seikatsuhi living expenses, cost of
living
0 [original meaning] expend, spend, consume,
use up
shdhi consumption, spending
rohi waste, extravagance
?г!Й kuhi waste
[KUN]
[tsuiyasu	expend, spend, consume,
use up; waste, squander
< Osfe Йбки no капе о tsuiyasu
spend [expend] a lot of money
L'x	munashiku
tsuiyasareta toki time passed in vain,
wasted time
[tsuieru be wasted
ЙЛ tsuie wasteful expenses
muinitsuieta
toshitsuki years spent idly
IHOMOPHONESI
tsuieru ЯГ =>®743
H2-5-8
incorrect classification
=>see H2-2-11: -1- at 1352
[M	► PLACE CHI o(ku) -o(ki)			
1671	ГШ	Jdyd-4	513-5-8	K3554
B2-5-8	122	A0304	©2608	U7F6E
OO place, put, install, set
О place, position
а B^ chikan substitution, replacement, dis-
placement
tdchi turning upside down; gram inver-
sion
haichisuru arrange; post (troops)
StlBnXl zenchishi preposition
anchisuru install, lay in state
SB sdchi equipment, device, installation
b {i® ichi position, place
0 found, establish, set up
setchisuru establish, found, set up
®B® jochino permanent; standing
0 take proper steps, adopt measures, deal
with
shochisuru dispose of, deal with
Ж В sochi measure, step, action
0 leave, let (alone)
hochisuru leave alone, neglect,
leave as it is
[KUN]
[oku В < J
OO put, PLACE, set
0 assign; post, station
а В сГ Ш okiba storehouse, place to put some-
thing in [on]
B^B^nf* okidokei table clock
ВсГЙ^А<5 okikaeru replace, rearrange,
interchange
BcS^J okimono ornament
1670-1671
616
5-8 В
ь В hosho о oku post a sentinel
0 leave, leave behind, leave with
W a^fit gS kakioki note [letter] left behind
lit	okiwasureru leave behind, for-
get
[-oki JS £] [suffix] every other, alternate
—“ 0 И cS	ichinichioki ni every other
[second] day
cT fii'TЪ juppun'okini unten
suru operate on a ten-minute schedule
IHOMQPHONESI
oku
Jb DISPOSE =^®502
BT =>®789
1672
Я2-5-8
► PUBLIC-SERVICE STATION
SHO
ГШ	Jdyd-6	S13-5-8	K2980
122	B0851	®2609	U7F72
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] PUBLIC-SERVICE STATION or office,
as a police station, fire station or tax office
Wdx shocho chief of police, office head
WM shoin member ofan office, staff
ИЖИ keisatsusho police station
YHKjW shobosho fire station
zeimusho tax office
ФЦ- honsho chief police station, principal
office
0 sign one's name
shomei signature, autograph
ЛИ rensho joint signature
Ttlf "T'b daisho suru sign for another
ft
1673
В 2-5-8
► CRIME
ZAI tsumi
ЕШ	Jdyd-5	S13-5-8	K2665
122	B0751	®2610	U7F6A
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] crime, offense
0 guilt
a ftt£ zaijo offense, charges
ftA zainin criminal, offender; sinner
<fflft hanzai offense, crime
^ft yozai other crimes [charges]
ffltft bizai minor offense, misdemeanor
fKSItftft harenchizai infamous offense
b Wft yuzai guiltiness, guilt
l^ftO muzaino not guilty, innocent
Osin
ft Ж zaiaku crime, sin, vice
ftlSe zaigo sin, iniquity
ftlW zaisho sins
lift genzai original sin
© fault, demerit
ftft kdzai meritsand demerits
Btft shazai apology
[kun]
[tsumi ft] crime, offense; sin; sinful act; vice
ft A tsumibito sinner
ftfoW tsumina koto sinful act, trick, cruel
thing
ftOSjH tsumi no nai innocent, guiltless
H2-5-8
1674
H2-5-8
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-10: u-* at 1504
► WORK
► BUSINESS
► INDUSTRY
GYO GO waza
	Jdyd-3	S13-4-9	K2240
75	A0033	02612	U696D
10	11	12	13
617
1672-1674
В 5-9
2 .	------------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSI
О0 (work as a means of livelihood) work, occu-
pation, business, employment, trade, pro-
pru fession
A G (operative activity or task) work, operation
а Ж Ж shokugyd occupation, vocation, profes-
sion
АЖ'^Г'Ь shitsugyd suru be out of work, lose
one's job
^Ж seigyd occupation, calling
ХЖ seigyd (=nariwai) livelihood; calling,
occupation
'ЙЁЖД jugyoin employee, workers
b ЖЖ gyoseki achievements; business results
sogyosuru operate, work, run
Я"Ж bungyd division of labor [work]
ft Ж sagyo work, operation
0 [also suffix] business, trade, enterprise
ЖЙ? gyomu business, affairs, work, service
Ж^з gyosha the trade, businessman
HI ЖТkaigyo suru start a business, open
a practice
ЙЖ shogyo commerce, trade, business
'ёзЖ eigyo business, trade
^Ж kengyd side business
ЖЖ jigyo undertaking, enterprise, business;
achievement
1ЬЖ kigyo undertaking, enterprise; business
enterprise, company
ЙЖ1Ж insatsugyd printing business
© [also suffix] INDUSTRY
Ж^ gyokai industry, business world
Ж® gyoshu type of industry, category of
business
ЙЕЖ sangyo industry
ХЖ kdgyd industry, manufacturing industry
ЖЖ nogyo agriculture
8ЙЖ kdgyd mining (industry)
ЯЖ kdgyd promotion of industry
Ш1ВЖ seizogyo manufacturing industry
0 studies, course of study, schoolwork
}§Ж jugyo teaching, instruction; lesson
ФЖ sotsugyo graduation
[kun]
[waza Ж] work, act, deed
ЖВФ wazashi tricky wrestler, shrewd fellow
ft Ж shiwaza act, action, deed, work
Л И Ж ningenwaza work of man
fl Ж karuwaza acrobatics
IHOMOPHONESI
waza Й SKILL =>0185
1675
H2-5-9
► PUNISHMENT
BATSU BACHI
ГШ	Joyo	S14-5-9	K4019
122	C1297	®2613	U7F70
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 punishment, penalty
0 divine punishment, Heaven's vengeance
0 [original meaning] punish, penalize
a bakkin fine, penalty
fflWJ bassoku penal regulations, punitive
provisions
batten black mark, X mark
JPJiO keibatsu penalty, punishment
b АЙ tenbatsu divine punishment
c SJfn chobatsu discipline, punishment
Й1 fq shobatsu punishment, penalty
[INDEPENDENT!
[batsu Xj] punishment, penalty
Я Ъ batsu о kasuru inflict a pun-
ishment
[bassuru	punish
[bachi Wj] divine punishment, retribution,
Heaven's vengeance
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-12: at 1524
H2-5-10
1676
И2-5-10
► DISMISS
HI
ГШ	Joyo	S15-5-10	K4077
122	D2169	®2617	U7F77
1675-1676
618
6-2
ICOMPOUNDSl
► EYEBROW INK
TAI DAI mayuzumi
1678
B2-5-11
	Names	S16-11-5	K3467
203	D2586	02619.2	U9EDB
Егч

Ф dismiss, remove from office
himen dismissal, discharge
1677
B2-5-10
► PRIZE
SHO
ж	Jdyd-4	S15-7-8	K3062
154	B0516	02618	U8CDE
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] prize, award, reward
0 award a prize
а Ж4г shdkin prize, award, reward
Ж^К shojd certificate of merit
Ж on shdhin prize, trophy
Жffl shdbatsu reward and punishment
Я8Ж kensho prize competition; prize, reward
^Ж'ТЪ jushosuru win a prize
b J—^Ч^кЖ ndberusho Nobel prize
00 express admiration, praise, commend
0 admire, appreciate, enjoy
а	shosansuru laud, praise, admire,
commend
ЙЖ gekishd high praise, unbounded admi-
ration
b £ЖТ§ kanshosuru appreciate
kanshosuru admire,enjoy
[INDEPENDENT!
[sho Ж] prize
shooukeru receive a prize
[KUN]
[mayuzumi Ж] eyebrow ink
Ж T JB 51 < mayuzumi de may и о hiku
paint one’s eyebrows with eyebrow ink
1679
B2-5-14
► PHONETIC [ra]
RA [Ц ro
ГШ	Joyo	S19-5-14	K4569
122	D1742	©2622	U7F85
: \	; v 1 i Г ; П П ; 0-0 ; ХЮ ; XXX7 i П Q
' £ £
123456789
i t~1 I? : П П  П О = П n : ri О : П О i Т1 Г> i П Г> i Г1 !*>
£ &	& X
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
О used PHONETically for ra or similar sounds,
esp. in the transliteration of proper names
or Sanskrit Buddhist terms
Ж®'4 rasha woolen cloth
tenpura tempura, Japanese deep-
fat fried food
konpira guardian deity of seafaring
0 spread out, arrange, line up; lie in a row
raretsusuru arrange, itemize
rashinban compass
shinrabanshd all creation, Nature
0 catch (birds) with a net
тога suru encompass, compre-
hend
H2-5-15
incorrect classification
^seeH2-11-9:riat1841
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-5-2: IS at 1620
В 2-6-2
619
1677-1679
6-2
МД
H 2-6-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-6: at 1307
H2-6-2	incorrect classification =>see H 2-2-6: at 1309
H2-6-2	incorrect classification see Я 2-2-6: + at 1306
H2-6-2	incorrect classification =>seeH 2-2-6: at 1300
incorrect classification
=>see H2-4-4: at 1569
ЙЗУ tenkei type, pattern, model, exemplar
ft§±l^)Z£ tenkeitekina typical, representa-
tive
0 formal ceremony, celebration
ft?L tenrei formal ceremony
xtft shikiten ceremony
IS ft saiten festival
Aft shukuten celebration, festival
0 offering
Wft koden obituary [condolence] gift, in-
cense money
1681
H 2-6-2
► TICKET
► CERTIFICATE
KEN
	Jdyd-5	S8-2-6	K2384
18	B0584	©2630	U5238
1680
H 2-6-2
► STANDARD WORK
► CANON
TEN Ц] nori tsukasa tsune fumi
suke michi yoshi
/к	Jdyd-4	S8-2-6	K3721
12	C1024	®2627	U5178
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] standard work of refer-
ence or scholarship:
0 reference book, dictionary, encyclopedia
0 classics, scriptures
а jiten dictionary
Ж ft jiten cyclopedia
^ft jiten Chinese character dictionary
b Ж ft genten original text
Aft koten classics; old book
fift seiten sacred book, scriptures
00 (standard code of laws) canon, code, law,
rule, principle
© (standard of authority or evaluation) canon,
model, standard, authority
a ftfjj tensoku regulations
iift hoten code of laws, statute
ffijft keiten penal code
b tenpan model, standard; law, code
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
О TICKET, coupon
1k shokken food ticket
joshaken railway [passenger] ticket
АШ^ nydjoken entrance [admission] ticket
teikiken commuter's pass
0 certificate, voucher, bond
ryoken passport
11# shaken bill, bond, securities
saiken bond, debenture
kabuken share [stock] certificate
0	nichiginken Bankof Japan bond
IINDEPENDENTl
[ken	certificate, voucher;ticket, cou-
pon
incorrect classification
=>see Я2-3-6: — at 1451
В 2-6-3
1682
В 2-6-3
► BAD SMELL
SHO kusa(i) -kusa(i) nio(u)A
nio(i)A
	Joyo	S9-6-3	K2913
132	D1693	©2633	U81ED
1680-1682
620
6-3
' Г 7i А й й _й j=l Д
...1	23456789
gOMPOUNDSl
0 BAD SMELL, Stink
0 smelly, stinking
a taishu body smell
ЖЖ akushu offensive [foul] odor, stench
1Й/М boshu deodorization
HJS: ishu offensive smell, stink
b ЖЖ shuki offensive [odious] smell, bad [foul]
odor, stench
[KUN]
[kusai Жill-smelling, stinking, smelly
kusami bad smell; fulsomeness
ЙДИ sakekusai reek of liquor
zK Д V mizukusai not frank, reserved; wa-
tery
zkJlrH namagusai smelling of fish [blood]
[-kusai [suffix] smack of, look like
AIsJMH ningenkusai quite human, full of
human traits
ЖАЖН shirdtokusai amateurish
[niou Д O ] stink, reek
Z) Gasu да niou There is a smell of
gas
[nioi MH]
0 stench, stink
0 smack, inkling (of something disagreeable)
a JfeWH L nioikeshi deodorant
b TFIEOHH fuseinonioi smack of evil
[HOMOPHONES!
niou =>®2944
nioi =>®2944
1683
Я 2-6-3
► IMPORTANT
► SUMMARIZE
► REQUIRE
YO i(ru) kaname* Щ toshi
	Jdyd-4	S9-6-3	K4555
146	A0116	®2635	U8981
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
О important, essential, principal, leading
мд
убуаки summary, abridged statement
I?Ж yoso (essential) element, constituent,
factor
l<S yoin primary factor, main cause
yoken important matter; necessary con-
dition
ydten main [essential] point, gist
yddan important talk
ydsho important point; strategic posi-
tion
jijydna important, essential, princi-
pal
shuyona main, principal, essential
kan'yona important, vital, essential,
necessary
fuydna unnecessary, useless; disused,
waste
00 summarize (the important points),
outline
0 [also suffix] summary (of important points),
gist, essence
«81 yoshi gist, point, essentials, summary;
purport
yoko outline, gist; general plan
HfSt убгуб gist, essentials; outline; procedure
b gaiyo outline, summary, synopsis
SW kiyo bulletin, proceedings
00 require, demand, request
0 [also prefix] REQUiREd, necessary, essential
a 1?^ убкуй requirement, demand, request
ЮЙ ydsei request, demand
H13 yobo demand, request
'Й® кубуб coercion, extortion
hitsuyona needed, necessary
ASH juyd demand
ЗтИО shoydno required, needed
b yochui attention [care] required
IO yokakunin confirmation required
[INDEPENDENT!
[yd ® ] main [essential] point, secret; sum-
mary, gist; necessity, need; REQUiREd, neces-
sary
yowa the point is...; in short
STS К ydsuruni ina word,in short
[ydsuru WT-6] REQUIRE, need
shOri оyosuru want [need]
mending
621
1683
6-3
к» л
[KUN]
[iru S3]
0 need, want, require
0 be necessary [REQUiREd]; cost, take
a	Kane ga iru I need [want]
money/lt takes money
iri expense(s)
[kaname Ц] pivot; main point, key
kanameishi keystone, cornerstone
IHOMOPHONESI
iru A ENTER =>2113
iri A ENTER =>2113
1684
H 2-6-3
► FIGURE
SHI sugata IS shina
	Joyd-6	S9-3-6	K2749
38	A0472	02636	U59FF
	✓	у						
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (outer shape, esp. of the body)
figure, form, shape, appearance, looks, as-
pect
0 posture, bearing, pose
a itrlS yoshi face and figure, appearance
eishi gallant figure, majestic appearance
ЙУс у Oshi brave [imposing] figure
b 15 U shisei posture, position, poise, attitude
shitai figure, person; pose
[KUN]
[sugata IS] figure, form, shape, appearance
ic'cTl'BA sugata о kesu disappear
onnanosugataninaru dis-
guise oneself as a woman
pajamasugata de in pajamas
1SJRL sugatami full-length mirror
1685
Я 2-6-3
► TYPE
KEI kata -gata
Jdyd-4	S9-3-6	K2331
A0490	©2638	U578B
- Г ft
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (pattern from which something is made) type,
mold, model
0 (representative specimen) type, model
а JMS genkei archetype, prototype, model
IKS mokei model, pattern, mold
MS shikei papier-mache mold, paper mold
ЖS zokei molding, modeling
b MS tenkei type, pattern, model, exemplar
0 (general form characterizing a class) type, kind,
pattern, form
SA keishiki model
*MS ruikei similar type, prototype, pattern
IrIS dokei same type [pattern]
SiS teikei type, definite form
f$S taikei form, figure
[KUN]
[kata S]
О (general form characterizing a class) type, kind,
pattern, form
S %) kata ni hameru squeeze into a
pattern, regiment
AS ogata large size; large pattern
®f S shingata new style, new model
ST'S’S yasegata slender figure
0 (pattern from which something is made) type,
mold, model
SM katagami paper pattern (for a dress)
S igata mold, cast, matrix, die
®S hagata impression of the teeth, tooth-
mark
[-gata -S] [also suffix] type, model
OS ogata model 0; blood type 0
ifUjfiS ketsuekigata bloodtype
AAMSlAK^S sen kyuhyaku gojOyo-
nen-gata 1954 model
IHOMOPHONESI
kata SHAPE =>0565
-gata shape =>0565
1684-1685
622
6-3
1686
В2-6-3
► MAKE AN AGREEMENT
KEI chigi(ru) IQ chigiri
	Joyo	S9-3-6	K2332
37	B0901	®2639	U5951
•t | +
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
• make an agreement, agree on, pledge,
promise
keiyaku contract, agreement
[KUN]
[chigiru 5^ %> ] pledge, vow, swear, promise
Ю chigiri pledge, vow, promise
Й <	kataku chigitta koibito
plighted lovers
H 2-6-3
H 2-6-3
1687
B2-6-3
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-7: at 1311
incorrect classification
^seeH 2-2-7:	at 1315
► PREFECTURE
KEN IU gata agata
§ 109A	Jdyd-3	S9-5-4	K2409
	A0135	®2641	U770C
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
0 [also prefix and suffix] (largest administrative
subdivision of Japan) prefecture
© suffix after names of prefectures
а !Д)т kencho prefectural office
Жж kenkei prefectural police
Ж$£ kenzei prefectural tax
Ж1Ю kenritsuno prefectural
ЖЗ±УЙК kenritsu bydin prefectural hospital
Ж К kenmin citizens of a prefecture
ЖЯ1Ж kenchiji prefectural governor
И^Ж fuken prefectures
ййсЖ rinsetsuken neighboring prefecture
ьИиНЖ kagawaken KagawaPrefecture
IINDEPENDENTl
[ken Ж] PREFECTURE
► MEAN
HI iya(shii) iya(shimu)
iya(shimeru)
1688	+	Joyo	S9-2-7	K4060
B2-6-3	24	D2067	®2642	U5351
23456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (low in social status) mean, lowly, humble
ФЯГ hisen lowly position, humble condition
sonpi upper and lower classes, high and
low
0 (lacking in elevating human qualities) mean,
vulgar, despicable
hikutsuna mean, meanspirited; ser-
vile
hiretsuna mean, base, cowardly
Ф'|£х hikyo cowardice, meanness, unfairness
If Ж yahi vulgarity, meanness
[KUN]
[iyashii
О (low in social status) mean, lowly, humble,
inferior in position
iyashisa meanness,vulgarity
iyashii umare no lowborn
0 (of poor appearance) mean, shabby, seedy
iyashiiminari shabby appear-
ance
LZP iyashikaranu decent, respect-
able
0 greedy, gluttonous
ДЬА/Й iyashinbo greedy person, glutton
[iyashimu Ф Lt?] despise, disdain, look
down on, regard with contempt
iyashimi contempt
^Ltr^c*’ iyashimubeki despicable
{flj Ф L t? rodd о iyashimu despise la-
bor
[iyashimeru ^La£)<5] same as iyashimu
^Lt?

623
1686-1688

6-3
IHOMOPHONESI
iyashii Цх =>®1584
iyashimu ЙГ =>®1584
iyashimeru ®x =>01584
► EXTREMELY
JIN hanaha(da) hanaha(dashii)
Ц] shin
1689 H 2-6-3			tr 99	Joyo		S9-5-4		K3151	
				D1889		02643		U751A	
*—•	r	-rt -w							
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 extremely, very, exceedingly
0 extreme, excessive
а jindaina extremely big, very great-
serious; heavy
kojindearu be very glad, deem
a favor
b SciSZi shinjin na profound; careful, mature
[kun]
[hanahada 1£Zz] extremely, very, exces-
sively, greatly
hanahadafushinsetsu
de aru be extremely unkind
[hanahadashii й/zLextreme, exces-
sive, intense, tremendous
hanahadashii gokai serious
misunderstanding
1690
B2-6-3
► EXCLUSIVE
SEN moppa(ra)
4	Jdyd-6	S9-3-6	K3276
41	B0525	02644	U5C02
123456789
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] exclusive, special, special-
ized
© take exclusive possession of, monopolize
a sen'yo exclusive use, private use
senkdsuru major in, specialize in
WM senmon specialty, profession
W/fe sennen close attention, concentration
senbai monopoly
b WW sen'yu exclusive possession, monopoly
[kun]
[moppara W: b ] entirely, exclusive^,
wholly, solely
♦ 6...	Ъ moppara...окепкуй
suru devote oneself to the study of...
► ROLL UP
► VOLUME
KAN ma(ku) maki ma(ki)
1691 B2-6-3	В 49л	Jdyd-6	S9-3-6	K2012
		B0941	02645	U5DFB
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] roll up, roll, scroll
Ф kanshihon scroll, roll, rolled book
0 volume, book
kanmatsu end of a book
zenkan the whole volume [reel]
jochugekan set of three volumes
bekkan separate volume, extra issue
[kun]
[maku # < ] roll up, roll; wind, reel; wrap
cf ± makiageru roll up; hoist, heave
up; take away; blow up (dust)
makikomu roll (up), wrap; involve,
drag in
makiokosu create (a sensation);
give rise to
makizoe involvement, entangle-
ment
uzumaki eddy, whirlpool; coil
[maki #, roll, winding
makigami rolled letter paper
hamaki cigar
1692
В 2-6-4
► LAUGH
SHO wara(u) e(mu) [Ц emi e
Л-А-	Jdyd-4	S10-6-4	K3048
118	B0928	02646	U7B11
1689-1692
624
6-4 В
[COMPOUNDS!
2
10
[COMPOUNDS!
0 laugh, smile
© LAUGHter, smile
a ~Ъ isshosuru laugh a laugh, smile a
smile
bakushosuru roar with laughter,
burst into laughter
b bisho smile
kusho forced [strained] smile
[KUN]
[warau 5 ] laugh, smile; laugh at, ridi-
cule, deride
И warai laughter, smile; sneer
waraigoe laughter
waraibanashi funny [humorous]
story
5? Н4Й waraimono object of ridicule, subject
of derision
[emu smile, beam; bloom, come out
emi smile
hohoemu smile
О [original meaning] breath, respiration
ШВ tansoku sigh
!®ХШ zensoku asthma
^B chissoku suffocation, asphyxia
0 live, BREATHe, be alive
УЙВч shosoku (personal) news, movements;
letter
0 rest, repose
^B kyusoku rest, repose
ФВ 0 ansokubi Sabbath
0 son, child
BA sokujo daughter
Вч shisoku son
0 interest
ЙВ risoku interest
[KUN]
[iki BJ breath
B'Wtl ikigire breathlessness
?§xS£bB tameiki sigh
—'B hitoiki breath; pause, rest; a little bit of
effort
Й
ж
&
£
£
[SPECIAL READINGS]
egao smiling face, smile
A-£v- Я2-6-4	incorrect stroke-count =>see Я2-6-5: ** at 1708
H2-6-4	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-7-3: F at 2082
► BREATH
SOKU iki
1693
H2-6-4
	Jdyd-3	S10-4-6	K3409
61	B0907	@2647	U606F
[SPECIAL READINGS]
B'“F musuko son
ВЛ ibuki breath
1694
В 2-6-4
► CHESTNUT
RITSU RI kuri и kuru
*	Names	S10-4-6	K2310
75	C1456	®2649	U6817
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] chestnut tree, Japanese
chestnut tree; chestnut
S®x risu squirrel
[KUN]
[kuri Ж1 chestnut tree, Japanese chestnut
tree; chestnut
kurige chestnut (horse)
В
ffi
Ж
j? ' ft' А й й й й й

625
1693-1694
6-4
Егч [ U пп g S 6 9= Kg i>® К & К 4 И Й ffl « tt Ж J
1695
В 2-6-4
ICOMPOUNDSl
► FORGIVE WITH
COMPASSION
JO SHO Ц] hiro yoshi yuki hiroshi
hiromu shinobu nori kuni michi
hakaru
-L?	Names	S10-4-6	K2990
61	D3317	®2649.5	U6055
0 forgive with compassion, pardon, toler-
ate
kanjosuru forgive, pardon, toler-
ate
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with	get angry =>1639
	► FEAR KYO oso(reru) oso(ru) oso(roshii)			
1696	'L?	Joyo	S10-4-6	K2218
H 2-6-4	61	B0869	®2650	U6050
F F F В 
[..j...)...j..[...j...[/..
123456789
KS^i
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] fear, be afraid of, dread
© FEARful, frightening
a kyofu fear
kyoko panic, scare, alarm
кубки dread, fear, awe
kyosaika henpecked husband, man
bossed by his wife
heisho-kyofusho claustropho-
bia
LT sensenkyokyd to shite
with fear and trembling
b ® щ кубгуй dinosaur, titanosaur
0 be overwhelmed (as with gratitude or aston-
ishment)
Ъ kyoshuku suru feel much obliged,
deeply appreciate; regret; feel embar-
rassed
kyoetsugaru congratulate oneself,
chuckle with delight
[KUN]
[osoreru
0 fear, dread, be afraid of
0 apprehend, be anxious about
0 be overawed, stand in awe, fear
a osore fear, dread, terror; fears (of unde-
sirable event), danger, risk, signs, ad-
verse chance, possibility
b ®0 osorete ita tori as appre-
hended
c	osoreoi gracious, august
таплз osoreiru be overwhelmed
[dumfounded] (as with gratitude, shame,
regret or astonishment)
[osoru literary fear
osorubeki fearful, formidable
osoru-osoru fearfully; cautiously,
gingerly
® osoraku probably
[osoroshii ^5 L И ] terrible, FEARful,
fierce; awful, tremendous, marvelous
MIT osoroshisa fear, terror
-5 L < osoroshiku fearfully, terribly, aw-
fully
IHOMQPHONESI
osoreru tF =>®2562
osore Ж FEARS =>2054
1697
H 2-6-4
► BOOKMARK
KAN shiori
*	Names	S10-4-6	K5957
75	D3317	®2651.5	U681E
[KUN]
[shiori S£] bookmark; guidebook
Йс 0 tabino shiori travel guidebook
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with =>®2653
1698
H 2-6-4
► VEHEMENT
RETSU
Joyo	S10-4-6	K4685
C1537	®2652	U70C8
1695-1698
626
6-4
- Г у
;	:..j..j.j...i_<).Z?.\...
.1. 23456789
?;]
10
[COMPOUNDS!
ф vehement, violent, strong, furious, fierce,
intense
Ж геррй violent [strong] wind
ЖЯ1 resshin violent [disastrous] earthquake
kyoretsuna intense, severe
tsuretsuna sharp, biting, scathing,
cutting
Strife moretsuna violent, vehement, fierce
Strife gekiretsuna vehement,furious, vio-
lent, severe
netsuretsuna ardent, fervent, vehe-
ment
Л1А В 2-6-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-8: at 1331
B2-6-4	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-8: A at 1336
Ж В2-6-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-8: X at 1338
В 2-6-4	incorrect classification =4>see B2-4-6: at 1588
В2-6-4	incorrect classification =>see H2-3-7: at 1455
В 2-6-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-3-7: * at 1466
► BONE
KOTSU hone
1699
Я 2-6-4
#	Jdyd-6	S10-10-0	K2592
188	B0969	02654	U9AA8
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
* [also suffix] [original meaning] bone
kossetsu bone fracture
#♦& kokkaku frame, physique; framework,
skeletal structure
Ait jinkotsu human bone
Jftx# rokkotsu rib, costa
SU' ikotsu (skeletal) remains; ashes
Й # hakkotsu bleached bone, skeleton
da itaikotsu thighbone, femur
®x# gaikotsu skeleton
[kun]
[hone #] bone, skeleton; frame, rib; back-
bone, spirit, grit
honegumi skeleton; framework
hone no aru otoko man of
spirit
#	%) hone о oru take pains, make ef-
forts; break one's bone
hone да oreru require much
effort, be hard to do; have one's bone
broken

| rJ ► GRACE |7\|	► DEBT OF GRATITUDE
j	ON Щ megumi
1700		Joyo-5	S10-4-6	K1824
B2-6-4	61	C1360	®2655	U6069
I1 n	1=1	PI	0	s	s /	ZS	ZS
123456789
0.
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] grace, favor, kindness,
benevolence, blessing
ЖЙ onkei benefit, grace, favor, blessing
ongaeshi repaying another's kind-
ness
®A onjin benefactor, patron
HIT oncho grace (of God), favor
0 debt of gratitude, gratitude, obligation,
627
1699-1700

6-4
indebtedness
ЖИ ongi obligation, debt of gratitude
ЖЙР onshi one's respected teacher, one's
former teacher
ЖЙп on куй pension
ЖЯ1 б'Т onshirazu ingratitude, ingrate
nW Ж shaon expression of gratitude
boon ingratitude
IINDEPENDENTl
[on Ж] debt of gratitude, gratitude,
obligation, indebtedness; kindness, favor
Ж/ЯГЗ on ga aru owe a debt of gratitude
Ж	on nikiseru demand gratitude
► JIN DYNASTY
SHIN Щ susumu kuni yuki
1701
H2-6-4
в	Names	S10-4-6	K3124
72	D1838	02656	U664B
IS'L'Rb J®. gishin'anki suspicion and fear
bjl® kimen maskof a devil, startling appear-
ance
0 [original meaning] ghost, departed spirit
A <5 kiseki niiru join the majority,
pass away
ffij® gaki hungry ghost; slang kid
[kun]
[oni (imaginary evil monster with horns)
devil, demon, ogre; (person with a demonical
passion for something) demon, fiend; tagger,
"it"
onibaba hag, witch
shigoto no oni devil for work,
work fiend
E'.~D Z onigokko tag game
[oni- Ш-] [prefix] daredevil, extremely com-
petent, inhumanly sharp
onikeiji crack detective
ICOMPOUNDSl
• JIN DYNASTY (265-420 A.D.)
shinjo History of the Jin Dynasty
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with # widespread =>1499
1703
H 2-6-4
► WRITE
► BOOK
SHO ka(ku) -ga(ki) -gaki
El	Jdyo-2	S10-4-6	K2981
73	A0166	02658	U66F8
'.r?..
ICOMPOUNDSl
► DEVIL
KI oni oni-
ж	Joyo	S10-10-0	K2120
194	C1492	02657	U9B3C
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
ОФ (harmful evil spirit) devil, demon
0 (imaginary evil monster with horns) devil,
ogre
a JSW kishin terrible god; departed spirit,
ghost
JSW kichiku devil
kikisemaru ghastly, bloodcurdling
kijo demoness, witch
Ж1Ё akki devil, demon, evil spirit, goblin
О WRITE
shosha transcription, copying, handwrit-
ing
ШВЁ shoki clerk, secretary
Ж ef'Tseisho suru write out fair, make a
fair [clean] copy
daishosuru write for another
00 writing, art of writing, calligraphy, pen-
manship
0 style of writing, calligraphic style
а shoho penmanship, calligraphy
ШдМ shodo calligraphy, penmanship
ШЖ shoka calligrapher
b shotai penmanship style, calligraphic
style
1701-1703
628
6-4 Д
kaisho printed [square] style of Chi-
nese characters
Ж W sosho sosho, cursive writing
О written materials:
0 [also suffix] writings, document, papers,
certificate
© (written message) letter, note, message
а shorui documents, papers
Jrffi shomen letter, document
bunsho (=monjo) document, letter,
note
Й'вг hisho secretary; treasured book
lr shomeisho certificate, diploma
b fiH shokan letter, correspondence
shojb letter, note
tdsho contribution, letter (from a
reader)
it® isho testamentary letter, will
shishobako post office box (P.O.B.)
shintensho confidential letter
ippan kydsho State ofthe Union
message
0 [also suffix] book, literary work
shomotsu book, volume
shoten bookstore
WO shoseki books, publications
jisho dictionary
tosho books
HWfiB toshokan library
BftUr dokusho reading a book, reading
Ж Hr rydsho good book, valuable work
kyokasho textbook, schoolbook
[KUN]
[kaku »<]
0 write, pen
© (compose written texts) write, compose
a Hr	kakikaeru rewrite, renew (a bill),
transfer
Ш cS Ж kakijun stroke order (in writing Chi-
nese characters)
kakikata how to write, way [style] of
writing
kakikotoba written language
HI of 1X 0 kakitori dictation
kakitome registered mail
g!’ yomikaki reading and writing
Ь HF shosetsu о kaku write a novel
[-gaki -Ш] writing, written docu-
ment, written statement, note
yokogakisuru write laterally,
write from left to right
Ж X.(г	oboegaki memorandum, memo,
note
Ж в cf katagaki title, degree
Ж la hagaki postcard
IHOMQPHONESI	B
kaku Jffi DEPICT =>®488	W
	► FAVOR KEI E megu(mu) Ц] megumi yasu satoshi ei aya			
1704		Joyo	S10-4-6	K2335
И2-6-4	61	B0846	02659	U6075
ж
?IJ
ft
3,
a
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO favor, grace, kindness
© [original meaning] favor, bestow with a
favor, show kindness to
а ЖЖ onkei benefit, grace, favor, blessing m
ZLW gokei reciprocity, mutual benefits
WW tokkei special favor [benefit], preference, Ж
preferentialism
Ь Ж A eho lucky direction
0 intelligence, wisdom
Й1Ж chie wisdom, intelligence, sagacity
[KUN]
[megumu Ж£Г]
О bestow with a favor, show kindness to;
have mercy on, render benevolence
Ж<А megumi favor, benefaction; blessing,
grace, mercy
Ж£ПЗ megumareru be blessed; be privi-
leged, be favored
Ж^^Т^АА megumareta hitobito fa-
vored [privileged] people; blessed peo-
ple
0 give charity [alms]
ЖIZ. Ф Ж tV kojiki ni капе о megumu
give money to a beggar
629
1704
В 6-4
1705
¥ Н2-6-4
► FIST
KEN GEN kobushi [£] tsutomu
tsuyoshi
Names	S10-4-6	K2393
D2016	Ф2659.2	U62F3
g ICOMPOUNDSI
TH? ° F,ST
kenju pistol, handgun
Ф# genkotsu fist
rn	tekken clenched fist
© sparring feat; boxing
TF ФЙ kento boxing
^|J	taikyokuken tai chi
15 ТиФ janken janken: game of paper-
scissors-stone
g? [kobushi fist
kobushi onigiru make a fist
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with nominate =>1588
/г/у*	► ORDINAL NUMBER PREFIX дв. । j 1 DAI ra 5d-7 		
1706	** Joyo-3	S11-6-5 K3472
“7 H2-6-5	118 A0182 ГТ1	02660 U7B2C
™ \^\_ Ж	
	
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
perial examinations in China were placed)
K.H'T-?) kyudaisuru pass an examination
МЖ rakudai failure in an examination
FU
О [also suffix] (arbitrary sign other than a letter
representing meaning) symbol, sign, mark
fugo sign, mark, symbol
gimonfu question mark
shushifu period
W?3F onpu note; phonetic element of kanji
nibuonpu half note
© [original meaning] tally (of wood or bamboo)
split in half used for identification (esp. in
ancient China); tag
warifu tally, check
Wf? kippu ticket
1708
H 2-6-5
► BAMBOO GRASS
sasa
AA-	Names	S11-6-5	K2691
118	D1637	©2663	U7B39
О prefix for forming ordinal numbers
HE daigo the fifth, No. 5
daiichi-insho first impression
H^ daiichi the first, number one; the best;
to begin with, above everything else
HEW daisansha third party
Иdairokkan the sixth sense, intuition
© [original meaning] order, sequence
$CH shidai order; circumstances, reasons; as
soon as
© examination (originally referred to grades
into which successful candidates in the im-
[kun]
[sasa SJ BAMBOO GRASS
kumazasa Sasa albo-marginata, low
and striped bamboo
1709
H 2-6-5
► SHO
SHO SO SEI
AA*	Names	S11-6-5	K6789
118	D2537	©2663.5	U7B19
1705-1709
630
ICOMPOUNDSl
© sho: free-reed mouth organ used in Japa-
nese court music
shoka (=seika) singing and playing sho
1710
И2-6-5
► FLUTE
TEKI fue
ДУг	Joyd-3	S11-6-5	K3711
118	D1877	02664	U7B1B
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] flute, pipe, recorder
ШсеЕЖ kotekitai drum and fife band
bokuteki shepherd's pipe
SSffi ginteki flageolet
Ж IS mateki magic flute; The Magic Flute (by
Mozart)
© whistle, horn
Ж eS kiteki steam whistle
HeS muteki foghorn
W eS keiteki alarm-whistle, horn
[KUN]
[fue eS ] flute, pipe, clarinet, oboe; whistle
eS^gT fuefuki flute player
yokobue flute, fife
ЖеБ kusabue reed
eS mugibue oaten pipe
eS nodobue windpipe
□ IS kuchibue whistle
6-5 В
,	------------------------------------2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О learn, acquire, be taught, study
shutoku learning, acquirement
gakushu study, learning	дуг
MW renshu practice, training
oSW koshu short training course
?SW dokushu self-study, self-teaching ж
zSW jisshu practice, training
il(W enshu exercise, practice; military ma-
neuvers; seminar
MW hoshd supplementary lessons
© custom, habit, practice, tradition
WtS shukan custom, habit
tlW kanshu custom, usage, tradition
Mia fushu manners and customs
MW akushu bad habit
kishu strange custom
[KUN]
[narau W 9 ] learn, be taught, study; prac-
tice
JLWH minarai apprenticeship, apprentice
W^W naraigoto practice
[narai W H ] habit, custom, practice
W Ъ L narawashi custom, practice
[HOMOPHONES]
narau ffi COPY AFTER =>0083

VtVt ► THE FOLLOWING
YOKU
1712 B2-6-5	124	Joyo-6	511-6-5		K4566
		Cl 159	02668		U7FCC
i ч я iijTsri 1	2	3	4	5			35) 3.3 6	7	33 33 8 9	
1711
Я 2-6-5
	
1	
10	и
ICOMPOUNDSl
► LEARN
► CUSTOM
SHU nara(u) nara(i)
я	Joyo-3	S11-6-5	K2912
124	B0705	02667	U7FD2
1 П |j] 31|5ГЧ 5)Я|Ф1
© THE following, the next (month or year)
0 yokujitsu the following [next] day
yokunen the next [following] year
yokushun next spring
0 yokuyokujitsu two days after
yokuasa the following morning

631
1710-1712
В 6-5
л* 1713
Н2-6-5
► VOTE
► SLIP
HYO
75	Jdyd-4	S11-5-6	K4128
113	A0424	02669	U7968
10	11
ЛН ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
О vote, ballot
wC ЖЕВ hydden favorable voting constituency
}хЖ tdhyd vote, ballot
ЙЖ hakuhyd blank ballot
^Ж tokuhyd number of votes obtained
Bl Ж kaihyo official counting of votes
Я51^1Ж sanpiddhyd tie vote
0 slip, chit, voucher, card
{таЖ denpyo slip, chit, ticket
щЕЖ shohyd voucher, chit
ЖЖ gunpyo military scrip, army note
Л^Ж nyukinhyo deposit slip
ft К Ж juminhyd resident card
ВЛЙЖ chosahyo questionnaire
IINDEPENDENTl
[hyo Ж] VOTE, ballot
Ж<^йЯ$7 hyo о yomu count the votes
1714
В 2-6-5
► STEAL
TO nusu(mu)
108	Joyo	S11-5-6	K3780
	C1097	02670	U76D7
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 steal, burglarize
SSnn tohin stolen article [goods]
ЖО toheki kleptomania
ЖЖ tonan robbery, burglary, theft
SulS settd theft, larceny
[KUN]
[nusumu STEAL, rob
nusumi theft
ЙА nusubito (=nusutto) thief
nusumigiki eavesdropping, tap-
ping
nusumidasu steal (from a person)
1715
В 2-6-5
► FESTIVAL
SAI matsu(ru) matsu(ri) matsuri
75	Jdyd-3	S11-5-6	K2655
113	C1092	©2672	U796D
p Ip ?		9?				Я*.]
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] festival, feast, celebration,
holiday
0 saijitsu national holiday, festival [feast]
day
0 shukusaijitsu national holiday, festi-
val [feast] day
bunkasai cultural festival
2x^1geijutsusai art festival
zen'yasai eve
[KUN]
[matsuru Ж <5 J
0 worship as god, deify
0 enshrine
senzo о matsuru worship one's
ancestors
[matsuri ^0, [alsosuffix]festival,
celebration, feast day
0 natsumatsuri summer festival
0 hinamatsuri Doll Festival (March 3)
IHOMQPHONESI
matsuru ЖЕХ =>®1128
incorrect classification
=^see В 2-3-8: ш at 1479
В 2-6-5
1713-1715
632
6-5
► BASE
KI moto motoi Щ motoshi motoe
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (physical support) base, basis, foundation
kiso basis, foundation
kiban bedrock, base, foundation
ЙЙ kitei base, basis, foundation; math base
kiseki foundation stone
kichi base
0 (nonphysical support) base, basis, foundation,
ground
ЙФ kihon basis, foundation
2ЕФ kijun standard; criterion, basis
kikan mainstay, nucleus
S vh kikin fund, foundation, endowment
kicho keynote, underlying tone, basis
[KUN]
[moto 3£] (underlying support) basis, founda-
tion, grounds, authority
® C)	motozuku be based on, be grounded
on; originate, be due to
S Ъ shiryd о moto ni suru on
the basis [grounds] of the data
[motoi 38] (nonphysical) basis, foundation,
essence
shinko о motoi to suru be
based on faith
[HOMOPHONES]
moto
Ф BASIS =>2183
7t ORIGIN =>1226
T DOWN =>2115
Ж ELEMENT =^>1590
ff PERMIT =>®1470
r-ty ►PROSPEROUS
SEI J6 mo(ru) saka(ru) saka(n)
rm Hl mori sakari shige sakae
Ш1	Jdyo-6	S11-5-6	K3225
108	B0684	®2675	U76DB
1717
H2-6-5
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
H
2
F—4
АУг
ли
О prosperous, flourishing, successful, boom-
seisui ups and downs, rise and fall, W
prosperity and decline
seikyo prosperity, boom, success
hanjdsuru prosper, flourish, thrive
ryusei prosperity
0 grand, splendid, great, excellent
seidaina grand, magnificent, pros-
perous
seiso gala dress, beautiful attire
[kun]
[moru ЙЕ&]
O0 heap up (sand), pile (up)
0 fill (a bowl with rice), serve food
аЙПОТ moriagari climax (of a story),
upsurge
_bIdmoriageru pile up, heap up; stir
up, bring to a climax
IZ ft Й	bon ni kurumi о moru
heap a tray with walnuts
ьШ mori helping, serving; quantity
moritsukeru dish up
[Ж yamamori a heap, a full measure
*9 sakamori drinking bout, merrymak-
ing
0 put into
morikomu incorporate, include
0 mark out (in degrees), graduate
memori division, scale, graduations
[sakaru <5 ] prosper, thrive, flourish
IQ sakari height, peak, prime; heat, rut
Ш sakariba public resort, bustling place
АЙ *9 hatarakizakari prime of life
[sakan
633
1716-1717
В 6‘6
7--------------------------------------------------
sakanna prosperous, flourishing;
vigorous, energetic, active
f—,	sakanni vigorously, energetically,
actively; heartily, enthusiastically
sakan na shobai thriving busi-
ness
л	sakanninaru prosper,grow
prosperous, thrive
Ц IHOMOPHONESI
3B sakanna HEE energetic =>0573
я
1718
A H2-6-6
► BRUSH
► WRITING
HITSU fude
ЛЛ-	J6yd-3	S12-6-6	K4114
118	C1105	®2677	U7B46
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] brush, writing brush,
paintbrush
mohitsu (writing or painting) brush
И Ж gahitsu paintbrush
0 writing instrument, pen, pencil
enpitsu pencil
75 mannenhitsu fountain pen
teppitsu steel pen, stencil pen
©0 writing, literary profession
© (something written) writings, handwriting,
writing, composition
а	bunpitsugyo literary profession,
writing
b ffiiS zuihitsu essay; stray notes
0 write
hissha writer
hikkisuru take notes of, write
down
hikki-shiken written examination
ЖрВДД hikki-убди writing materials, pens
and pencils
shippitsu writing
W®'TЪ tokuhitsu suru mention specially
|KUN|
[fude Ц] writing brush, paintbrush; writ-
ing, painting handwriting, penmanship
ЖтЬ fudesaki brush tip
efude paintbrush, drawing pen
Kobo fude о erabazu The
cunning workman does not quarrel with
his tools
hitofude a stroke (of the pen or brush)
ijE'FlW fudebusho poor correspondent
® И < fude о oku put down one's pen,
stop writing, close (a letter)
fttJ	► MUSCLE ► THREADLIKE STRUCTURE KIN suji			
1719 H2-6-6	АУг 118	Jdyo-6	S12-6-6	K2258
		B0901	®2678	U7B4B
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] muscle
05 Й kinniku muscle, sinews
05# kinkotsu sinewsand bones
'L?05 shinkin myocardium, heart muscle
Ж 05 fukkin abdominal muscle
-ЫЙ05 jowankin brachial muscle
[kun]
[suji m
O MUSCLE; tendon, sinew
0538 о Zt sujibatta sinewy, brawny; stringy
05Й1Н sujichigai cramp, sprain; misplace-
ment, irrelevance
0 threadlike structure, as: line, stripe, strip,
streak
tf 05 sesuji spinal column, spine; seam in the
back
^05 kinsuji gold stripes
0 thread, coherence, reason, logic
051=Г И sujiai reason
05 Ж sujimichi reason, thread (of an argu-
ment), coherence; systematic method,
due formality
1718-1719
634
e-б в
ffijj(Dill о Zz suji no tdtta logical, rational,
coherent
ФЙ5 honsuji right course (of action); main
thread
osuji outline
0 plot
sujigaki plot (of a play), synopsis, out-
line; plan, scheme
Й 0 Й5 shibai no suji plot of a play
0 [also suffix] quarters, circles, source, channel
sonosuji authorities concerned
RWSS seifu-suji official quarters
shosoku-suji informed circles
1720
Я 2-6-6
► SCHEME
► MEASURE
SAKU
ЛЛ-	Joyo-6	S12-6-6	K2686
118	A0219	®2679	U7B56
¥	ж	ж
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (clever plan of action) scheme, device, plan,
stratagem
© [also suffix] policy
а ЖШ sakubo artifice, stratagem
Ж^Ь sakushi tactician; schemer, machinator
b ЙСЖ seisaku policy, political measures
^7 Ж hosaku plan, policy, scheme
Bl Ж kokusaku national policy
$й®Ж kydkosaku hard-line policy, drastic
measures
© [also suffix] measure, means, step, resource
МЖ taisaku countermeasure, counterplan
ЖЖ shisaku enforcement of a policy
77Ж bansaku all means [measures]
^Ж shissaku blunder, slip, error
ЙИ^Ж zengosaku remedial [relief] measure,
countermeasure
[INDEPENDENT!
[saku Ж1 scheme, device, plan, stratagem;
policy
ЖЙ0Ж saizen no saku the best policy
[measure]
то tsutsu
pipe
© тивЕ-shaped encasement
а Р4Ж ento cylinder	-fe
hatsuento smoke ball [bomb]
b ZKIW suito canteen
Й1и| fiitd envelope	>4
[kun]	-
[tsutsu ] tube, cylinder, pipe; tube-shaped
encasement
tsutsugata cylindrical, tube-shaped
tsutsusode tight-sleeved kimono
АЙШИ’ tsutsunuke passing directly through
ЖЖ chazutsu tea caddy
1722
H 2-6-6
► ANSWER
TO kota(eru) kota(e)
л*-	Jdyd-2	S12-6-6	K3790
118	A0473	<8>2681	U7B54
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] answer (a question), reply,
respond
© answer (to a question), reply
0 ANSWER, Solve
0 answer (to a problem), solution
a torei return salute
Ф tbshin report, reply (to the jury)
tbben reply, answer; defending oneself
635
1720-1722
В б-б
р ----------------------------------------------
b oto answer, response, reply
0^ kaito reply, answer
r fiSiS- kakutd definite answer [reply]
hento reply, answer
mondo questions and answers, cate-
chism
, с	toan examination paper; answer
d	kaito solution, answer
tt [KUN]
aa [kotaeru З^Я-б]
0 answer (a question), reply, respond
© answer (a problem), solve
lit а Ж IrJ & %- Ъ shitsumon ni kotaeru a n-
,	swer a question
[kotae ^Я] answer (to a question), reply;
Yb answer (to a problem), solution
§ИЗ=гЯ ukekotae reply, response
IHOMOPHONESI
kotaeru )S respond =>®3066
1723
H 2-6-6
► EQUAL
► CLASS
TO hito(shii) -гаж [Ц hitoshi toshi
ЛЛ-	Joyo-3	S12-6-6	K3789
118	B0700	®2682	U7B49
О [also prefix] [original meaning] equal, same,
alike
togd equal sign [mark]
Ъ tobun suru divide equally
toka equivalence, equal value; parity
byodo equality, impartiality
kinto equality, uniformity
nitohen-sankakkei equilat-
eral [isosceles] triangle
0 [also suffix] class, grade, rank, degree, place,
magnitude (of a star)
tokyu class, grade, rank, magnitude
kotdna higher, high-grade, ad-
vanced
jotono first-class, superior
retto inferiority
chuto middle-class, secondary grade
itto first class; first place
santdsei third magnitude star
О etcetera, and the like, and so forth
toto etcetera, and so forth
[kun]
[hitoshii	equau same, alike
X H 2 Y (C.	L H Ekkusu wa niwai ni
hitoshii X equals 2Y
[-ra -WJ [suffix]
О and others, and the like, et al.
ill ffl^F yamadara Yamada and the others
0 plural suffix with deprecatory overtones
®£^f yatsura those guys, they
ISPECIAL READINGS]
naozari ni suru disregard, ne-
glect
-jt-Ч incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-7-5: F at 2086
H 2-6-6
► MULTITUDE
SHU SHU
O0 the multitude(s), populace, the masses,
the public
© (large crowd) multitude, crowd
а К Ж minshu populace, the people, the
masses
ЯЖ taishti the masses, populace
kdshu the public
b gunshu crowd of people, multitude
Ш1Ж kanshu audience
Т/ U Я	amerikagasshukoku
United States of America
0 abbrev. of	shugiin: Lower House,
1723-1724
636
House of Representatives
shusan-ryoin both Houses (of the
Diet)
ЖК shuin Lower House, House of Represen-
tatives
б-e в
[kun]
[yosoou S D J dress [attire] oneself, wear;
make up
£ H yosooi dress, outfit; equipment a-a-
1725
В 2-6-6
► DRESS
► FIT OUT
SO SHO yosoo(u)
	Jdyo-6	S12-6-6	K3385
145	B0676	@2685	U88C5
1 3				i	
ICOMPOUNDSl
00 DRESS, put on clothes
© dress up, disguise, play the part
0 dress, outfit, attire, ornaments
a 1E£'3~<5 seiso suru dress up
b SJfrM soshingu personal ornaments [outfit]
Л/й'Т-б dansosuru disguise oneself as a
man, wear men's clothes
hensdsuru disguise oneself
Ъ kaso suru disguise oneself, dress
up (as)
с ЙЖ shdzoku costume, attire
SRS fukusd dress, garments, attire
ryoso traveling outfit
wasd Japanese dress, kimono
isho clothes, garment, dress, costume
0 fit out, equip, outfit, furnish, install
Sfifg'TЪ sobisuru equip, fit out, furnish
SB sochi equipment, device, installation
SS buso armament, equipment
©0 (decorate) dress (up), ornament, trim
0 coat, lay on
a	soshokusuru ornament, adorn,
decorate
STS shinso refurbishment, redecoration
c&S kaiso remodeling, refurbishing
b toso painting, coating
KS hoso paving
0 load (a gun), charge; pack
cLlS hoso wrapping, packing
1726
В 2-6-6
► SOUTHEAST
SON tatsumi Щ sen yuzuru
в	Names	S12-3-9	K3507
49	D2324	@2686.2	U5DFD
[KUN]
[tatsumi Ж]
О SOUTHEAST
И Ф)Я1 tatsumi no hogaku southeast di-
rection
0 old name of Yoshiwara (prostitute quarters in
Edo Era)
tatsumiagari speaking in a high-
pitched voice or a graceless manner
1727
H 2-6-6
► SPLIT
RETSU sa(ku) sa(keru)
	Joyo	S12-6-6	K4686
145	Cl 121	@2687	U88C2
.i..2.3.4..5..6.7..8..9.
W®
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (separate or become separated
into pieces) split, tear, crack
haretsu explosion, bursting
kakubunretsu nuclear fission
© (sever relations) split up, separate, break off
bunretsusuru be divided, split,
break up, be disrupted
[KUN]
[saku S < ] vt
О split, tear, rend, rip
ЦI cT	hikisaku tear off, tear to pieces,
split; separate, estrange, sever
AS>!^ if Ъ yatsuzaki nisuru tear (a
person) limb from limb, tear to pieces
ltd
tt
aa
?IJ
ilt
itF
637
1725-1727
В e-б
0 (sever relations) split up, separate, break off
0(Ф £Sc < fufu no пака о saku
r	bring about marital separation
[sakeru 5?	] vi split, tear, crack, burst
ЛА*
SF'tEI sakeme rent, tear, crack, split, cleft,
rip
rfn 5Й V harisakeru burst (open), break,
1111 split
tt IHOMQPHONESI
bb saku WO DIVIDE =>1180
nt
1728
► PURPLE
SHI murasaki
ж	Joyo	S12-6-6	K2771
120	D1622	02688	U7D2B
9 [original meaning] purple, violet
shikon purplish blue
shigaisen ultraviolet rays
^В£Х2Й shihanbyd purpura
[KUN]
[murasaki purple, amethyst
murasakiiro purple color, purple
akamurasaki purplish red
B2-6-6
H 2-6-6
В 2-6-6
H 2-6-6
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-10: at 1347
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-10: " at 1350
incorrect classification
=>see В2-4-8: H at 1597
incorrect classification
=>see B2-5-7: A at 1661
► JOINT
► SEASON OF THE YEAR
SETSU SECHI fushi -bushi
Ц] takashi makoto toki sada misao
B2-6-7			118		Joyo-4			S13-6-7			K3265	
					B0957			©2691			U7BC0	
	A-	A-		А-/		AA-	A-A-		aa-			
2	3
F	F	F	Khz EP
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] anat joint, knuckle, node
0 [original meaning] bot joint (as in a bam-
boo), node, knot
a	sessokudbbutsu arthropod
kansetsu joint
U rinpasetsu lymph node
W^® shinkeisetsu ganglion
b тк® massetsu minor details, nonessentials
00 SEASON [division] of the year, season,
turning ofthe seasons
© time, occasion
a ®5^ setsubun eve ofthe beginning of spring,
close of winter
®^R sekki end of year, year end
^® kisetsu season
b Bxf® jisetsu season, times; occasion
S ® tdsetsu these days
0 [also suffix] festival, annual festival
®>rJ sekku seasonal festival
osechirydri festive food for the
New Year
0 [also suffix] (subdivision, as of a text) paragraph,
passage, section, part
Ж® shosetsu chapter and verse
Ж—® dainisetsu Paragraph 2
Ф® shosetsu bar, measure
0 tune, air, melody
ft® kyokusetsu tune,air
00 economize, save, be frugal
0 be moderate, be temperate
а	setsuyaku suru economize, save
®M setsugen curtailment, economy
®zK sessui water economy
®Ж setsuden economy of electric power
1728-1729
638
b sessei temperance, moderation, self-
restraint
tfi® setsudo standard; moderation
ffi® setsuen moderation in smoking
sesshoku moderation in eating, spare
diet
1ИЙП chosetsu regulation, adjustment; modu-
lation, tuning
osekkaina meddlesome, nosy
О moral integrity, principle, fidelity, loyalty
ЙПЙ1 sesso constancy, fidelity, integrity,
honor
ЖЙП teisetsu chastity, virtue; constancy, prin-
ciple
chusetsu loyalty, allegiance, fidelity
0 token or bamboo tally used in ancient times
as credentials
ffiSp shisetsu envoy, ambassador
fusetsu tally, check
[INDEPENDENT!
[setsu Й5]
О time, occasion
kono setsu now, at present, in these
days
0 (subdivision, as of a text) paragraph, passage,
section, part
ЙЙ 0 ffi I mae no setsu de in the former sec-
tion [stanza]
[kun]
[fushi ffi]
О ©JOINT, knuckle
0 joint (as of a bamboo), node, knot
a fushibushi joints
1н0® yubi no fushi knuckle
b И0ЙП take no fushi node [joint] of a bam-
boo
0 tune, air, melody
6п[Й| L fushimawashi melody, intonation
# H" fushizuke setting to music, composi-
tion
[-bushi -ЙЙ ] suffix after names of
(traditional) Japanese folk songs
У — У >Й5 soranbushi Soran-bushi
(Hokkaido folk song)
1730
В 2-6-7
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-10: at 1514
6-7 В
— 2
► WAGE
► CHARGES
CHIN
M	Jdyd-6	S13-7-6	K3634
154	B0935	02694	U8CC3
[COMPOUNDS!
O0 wage, wages, salary, pay
0 [original meaning] hire for wages, employ
a мЛ chin'age wage increase
rochin wages, pay
Im kdchin wage, wages, pay
UWm temachin wages [charge] for labor
chingin wages, pay
0 [also suffix] charges (for rental or transpor-
tation), fare, rent, hire, fee
мЙ I/ chingashi lease, hire
Жм yachin (house) rent
)Жм unchin freight [shipping] expense, pas-
senger fare
ЙОм funachin boat fare, passage; shipping
charges
Sfi® muchinno charge-free
® 0 Я karichin rent, hire
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ft lend =>1664 and ft
MONEY =>1594
► RESOURCES
SHI [£] moto yoshi suke
1731	Я	Joyo-5	513-7-6	K2781
B2-6-7	154	A0174	@2695	U8CC7
639
1730-1731
В 6-7
2 .	------------------------------------
ICOMPOUNDSl
ОФ [original meaning] monetary resources,
funds, capital, money
Q material resources, materials, means
а Ж^ shikin funds, capital
ЖФ shihon funds, capital
ЖФНЁ18 shihonshugi capitalism
ЖФЖ shihonka capitalist
ЖЖ shisan property, assets, fortune
К Ж toshi investment
^4Ж yushi financing, advance of funds, loan
*1Ж zoshi increase of capital, capital increase
ШЖ shusshi investment, financing
.и-.	^Ж gaishi foreign capital
033	^Ж gakushi school expenses, education
fund
b Жft shiryo materials, data
Ж?Й shigen resources
ЖИ" shizai materials
*ЙЖ busshi commodities, goods, resources
О natural ability, qualification
ЖФ& shikaku qualifications, competence, ca-
pacity
ЖЯ shishitsu nature, disposition
incorrect classification
=>see В2-4-9: at 1608
H2-6-7
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-10:-^at 1513
H2-6-7
incorrect classification
=^>see В 2-4-9: at 1606
H2-6-7
► PLENTIFUL
HO yuta(ka) Щ toyo to bun
minoru te noboru
1732
H 2-6-7
g	Joyo-5	513-7-6	K4313
151	B0739	@2697	U8C4A
	V?						1	
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
О plentiful, abundant, ample, rich
hofuna abundant, plentiful, rich
HzK hosui abundance of water
Ulfyjfe hojun na rich and prosperous, luxuri-
ous
horeina rich (design), beautiful,
splendid
homanna plump, corpulent
Ф abundant harvest, good crop
w hdsaku good [abundant] harvest
hdnen fruitful year
SlSI hdjd abundant crop, rich harvest
[KUN]
[yutaka
yutaka na Иabundant, plentiful,
ample, rich
ЖЙК^И/^&И shigen noyutakana kuni
country rich in natural resources
► FARMING
NO Щ minoru minori
1733
H 2-6-7
Jg	Jdyd-3	S13-7-6	K3932
161	A0353	®2698	U8FB2
a | r-7 | fr? | fit? |
123456789

10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 farming, agriculture
0 [original meaning] farm, till
а пддуд agriculture
ЖЖ пока farmhouse, farmer
ft ft noson farm village, agricultural com-
munity
ЖЙ nochi farmland, farming land
ЖШ nojo farm
ЖШ nokyo agricultural cooperative
ЖЙС nosei agricultural administration
ЖЙЗДВ nokanki leisure season for farmers
Ж Д поди farming implements
rind giving up farming
rakund dairy farming
b Ж^Ё nosaku land cultivation
1732-1733
640
ndfu farmerette
MS nomin peasants, farmers
О farmer
ЖМ gono wealthy farmer
ЖМ hinno needy peasant
1=1 fMI jisakund owner farmer
ЖМЖ tokundka exemplary good farmer
ztMliS shinokosho warriors, farmers, arti-
sans and tradesmen (the four classes of
Tokugawa Japan)
1734
H 2-6-7
► GO
GO
5	Joyo	S13-5-8	K2475
112	D1823	©2699	U7881
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] go, Japanese checkers
® 5 goishi go stone
goban go board, checkerboard
gokaisho commercial go playing par-
lor
igo (the game of) go
seiyogo checkers
(INDEPENDENT!
[go #]go
® H'S) goo utsu play (a game of) go
► COUNTER FOR ITEMS
1735	AA-	Joyo	S14-6-8	K1853
И 2-6-8	118	D2751	©2700	U7B87
6-8 В
—------------------------------------------2
a —ffiFf nikasho two places
ikkagetsu one month
b kajo items, articles
с*- kajogaki itemization
futsukasho tied-up places [spots]
-------------------------------------------
►PIPE
► EXERCISE CONTROL	H
KAN kuda [Щ suga
1736
H2-6-8
AA-	Jdyd-4	S14-6-8	K2041
118	80512	©2701	U7BA1
123456789
10	11	12	13	14
[COMPOUNDS!
О [also suffix]
0 (tubular conveyance) pipe, tube, duct
€> anat (tubular part or organ) tube, pipe, duct
a WtfcO kanjono tubular
SHW kokan steel pipe [tubing]
EW haikan piping
MiSW shinkukan vacuum tube
ISMW shikenkan test tube
blflLf kekkan bloodvessel
MW kikan trachea, windpipe
0 exercise control [jurisdiction] over,
control, manage, administer, take charge of
WS'T-^) kanrisuru administer, supervise,
manage, exercise control [jurisdiction]
over
Win kankatsu jurisdiction, control
W®J kansei control
{£W’?"'b hokansuru take custody [charge]
of, keep
^W ikan transfer of control [jurisdiction]
iitW senkan Election Administration Com-
mission
[compounds!
0 COUNTER FOR items, places or units of time
0 item, place
(INDEPENDENT!
[kan WJ pipe, tube, duct
[KUN]
[kuda WJ tube, pipe
Sl'AOW gomunokuda rubber tube
641
1734-1736
6-8
1737
В 2-6-8
► CALCULATE
SAN Щ kazu
АЛ-	Joyo-2	S14-6-8	K2727
118	A0344	®2702	U7B97
О green; verdure
0 elegant young leaves
IHOMQPHONESI
midori S GREEN =>0934
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 calculate, compute reckon, count
0 [also suffix] calculation, arithmetical opera-
tion
а ЖНд'Т^э sanshutsusuru compute, calculate
JHcfc sansu arithmetic; calculation
Ж Ж sanjutsu arithmetic
StЖ keisan computation, calculation
ЖЖЙ kansanhyo conversion table
b ЙСЖ saisan (commercial) profit
ЯЖ gaisan approximation, rough estimate
[calculation]
if* seisan settlement, liquidation; clearing
(off)
O anzan mental arithmetic [calculation]
^Ж yosan budget; estimate, calculation
Ж Ж	densanki electronic computer
£ЬЖ tashizan addition
Вя^-Ь^'Ж yomiagezan calculation by
abacus, having the figures read aloud by
another person
1738
H2-6-8
ICOMPOUNDSl
► JADE GREEN
SUI midori Ц] misu akira
	Names	SI 4-6-8	K3173
124	D2114	®2705	U7FE0
0 jade green, emerald green, verdure, yel-
lowish green
Ж'Ё suishoku verdure, emerald green
suigyoku emerald,jade
IIх Sfe hisuiiro jade green
[KUN]
► NOSE
Bl hana
ICOMPOUNDSl
0NOSE
JK bion nasal sound
JI7L bikd nostrils
bien nasal inflammation
bikacho amorous man, spoony
jibi nose and ears
[kun|
[hana JH nose, snout, trunk
Mlfn. hanaji nosebleed
hanamizu nasal discharge
hanabashira bridge ofthe nose; self-
assertion
MM hanaiki snorting; temper; vigor
hanagami tissue paper (for wiping the
nose)
hanatsumami disgusting fellow
V hana ga takai be proud (have
one's nose up)
JUyftbZXibZiH hanamochinaranai be
intolerable; stink
@	< mehana ga tsuku take a con-
crete shape, materialize
IHOMQPHONESI
hana ЯЙ end =><8>1221
[midori Ж]
1737-1739
642
6-9
SB
1740
H2-6-9
► MODEL
HAN g) nori
a-a-	Joyo	S15-6-9	K4047
118	C1088	02709	U7BC4
123456789
!₽> jg Ж JM#E>|
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (something to be followed) model, example,
pattern, standard
Ш1Й mohan model, pattern, example
Brftl© shihan teacher, master, coach
tenpan model, standard; law, code
О range, limits, scope, sphere
ЙЙЙ han't range, scope
1Йвх hanchu category
1741
H 2-6-9
► BOX
hako
AA*	Jdyd-3	515-6-9	K4002
118	C1339	02711	U7BB1
[KUN]
[hako ЙП [also suffix] box, case, chest, bin
ША ^9 0 hakoirino cased, boxed
Я A 0 № hakoirimusume innocent [naive]
girl of a good family
kobako small box; casket
yubinbako mailbox
subako bird box, bird house
ФЯ honbako bookcase
куйкуйЬако first-aid kit
IHOMOPHONESI
hako ШГ =>®3001
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-12: at 1531
1742
H 2-6-9
► VESSEL
► INSTRUMENT
KI utsuwa
□	Jdyb-4	515-3-12	K2079
30	A0460	02713	U5668
№ * J мД
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] vessel, receptacle, con-
tainer
yoki receptacle, container, vessel
RS®? toki pottery, porcelain, chinaware
benki toilet bowl, urinal
shokki tableware, dinner set
kaki flower vase [bowl]
0 [also suffix] instrument, device, appliance,
implement, utensil
Д kigu utensil, implement, appliance
kikai instrument, apparatus, appliance
gakki musical instrument
kiki machinery and tools, apparatus
nt§§ keiki meter, gauge; instrument
heiki arms, weapon, ordnance
chushaki syringe
shokaki fire extinguisher
dennetsuki electric heater, electric
cooker
© [also suffix] organ (of the body)
kikan (body) organ
zoki internal organs, viscera
0 capacity, ability, talent
Jtfr ft kiryd ability, capacity; personal appear-
ance; dignity
kiyo na skillful, clever, ingenious
taiki person of great talent
[kun]
[utsuwa vessel, receptacle
kirei na utsuwa beautiful bowl
643
1740-1742
В 6-10
л* 1743
— Н2-6-10
► CONSTRUCT
CHIKU kizu(ku) Ц] tsuki
ЛА-	Joyo-5	S16-6-10	K3559
118	B0839	®2715	U7BC9
ЖЖЖ tokundka exemplary good farmer
b ЖлёЖ tokushika benevolent person; volun-
teer, supporter
ULIUZX kontokuna cordial, kind
ICOMPOUNDSl
kWING
III YOKU tsubasa
1745	33 Joyo SI 7-6-11 K4567~
B2-6-11	124 C1228 ®2720 | U7FFC~
Гп...........
0 [original meaning] construct, erect, build
ЖЖ chikko harbor construction
chikujo castle construction
kenchiku construction, building, archi-
tecture
kenchikuka architect
tSSS kdchiku construction, building
shinchiku new building [construction]
zochiku enlargement of a building
[kun]
[kizuku ^ < ] build, construct, erect,
throw up
kizukiageru build up, establish
(one's reputation)
№ £ Ж < teibd о kizuku construct an
embankment
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ISlll tsukiyama artificial hill
ICOMPOUNDSl
► DEVOTED
TOKU [£] atsu atsushi
O0 [original meaning] wing of a bird, wings
© [also suffix] wing of an aircraft, airfoil
а ЯЖ yokujo wing shape
>ЙЖ uyoku wings; assistance
b ЕЁЖ shuyoku wing (of an aircraft)
/К^РЖ suiheiyoku horizontal plane
Я1ЙЖ hojoyoku aileron
0 (political) wing, faction; (army) wing, flank
/ЕЖ sayoku left wing [flank]; left wing
[faction]; left field
ЖЖ ryoyoku both flanks; two wings
[kun]
[tsubasa MJwing
Ж &JA	tsubasa о hirogeru spread the
wings
1744
H 2-6-10
ЛЛ-	Joyo	S16-6-10	K3838
118	D1867	®2716	U7BE4
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 devoted, fervent, sincere
0 cordial, warmhearted, affectionate
tokugaku loveof learning, devotion to
one's studies
1746
H 2-6-12
► SIMPLE
KAN
A*-	Jdyd-6	S18-6-12	K2042
118	B0994	®2721	U7C21
Г/....FXr.FXe>.
.................I	f r
ЕЁМЙЙНЙМЙ
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 simple, easy, light
0 simplified, brief, concise
1743-1746
644
а ЙЙЖ/Х kantan na simple, easy, light
kansona plain, simple
kan'i na simple, simplified; easy
b	kanmeina terse, concise
fBKS kanryaku simplicity, brevity, concise-
ness; informality
(йЖ/Х kanketsuna brief, concise
1747
H 2-6-12
► COVER
► OVERTURN
FUKU d(u) kutsugae(su)
kutsugae(ru)
	Joyo	S18-6-12	K4204
146	C1476	®2726	U8986
О [original meaning] cover
S® fukumen mask, veil
0 OVERTURN, upset, turn over
SST'S fukubotsu suru capsize and sink
Ж 6T Fukusui bon ni kaerazu It
is no use crying over spilt milk
feWT& tenpuku suru overturn, turn over,
upset; overthrow
[KUN]
[du
0 cover, veil
0 hide, conceal, screen
aSH di cover, mantle
S О kao о du cover one's face
b ЖШ S Z) jijitsu о du disguise a fact
hioi sunscreen
[kutsugaesu ST J vt overturn, upset, turn
over, capsize; overthrow, undermine
& ST gentaisei о kutsugaesu
overthrow the present regime
[kutsugaeru S <6 J w overturn, upset,
topple over, capsize; fall, be overthrown
okina funemo
kutsugaeru hodo no nami wave so
high as to capsize a big ship
[HOMOPHONES]
Й BE SUBJECTED TO =>®1163
SSX =>®2503
Йх =>®2523
ffix =>®489
6-13 H
-----2
г—4
Mr
incorrect stroke-count
=>see H2-6-13:^at 1749
H2-6-12
1748
H2-6-13
► RECORD BOOK
BO
Mr	Joyo	S19-6-13	K4277
118	C1361	®2727	U7C3F
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also suffix] record book, book(s), account
book, register
boki bookkeeping
chobo account book, ledger, register
meibo register [list] of names
j|Lg| keisanbo account book
^рВЙ tokibo register
kakeibo housekeeping account book
tsuchibo report card [book]
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with й THIN =>1534
1749
Я2-6-13
► SUPREMACY
HA
	Joyo	S19-6-13	K3938
146	C1220	®2730	U8987
645
1747-1749
В 6-14
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 supremacy, mastery, hegemony, domina-
tion, leadership
haken supremacy, mastery, hegemony,
supreme power
ЯЖ hado military government [rule]
seihasuru conquer, dominate,
gain supremacy; win the championship
► REGISTER
SEKI
O0 register, family [domiciliary] register;
record
0 one's domicile, nationality
0 membership
koseki family register
Ж18 gunseki army register
iseki transfer of one's name in the regis-
ter
АЖ nyuseki entry in the family register
b Из kokuseki nationality, citizenship
ФЯз honseki one's legal domicile, one's per-
manent residence
с ЙЕЙа'Тzaisekisuru be on the register, be
a member of
toseki party membership
0 books, written works, records
ШЯз shoseki books, publications
Жйз kanseki Chinese books, Chinese classics
H2-7-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-7: н at 1321
H2-7-2	incorrect classification =>see H2-2-7: at 1327
H2-7-2	incorrect classification =*see B2-2-7: V at 1326
1751
H2-7-3
► HUMILIATE
JOKU hazukashi(meru)
E	Joyo	SI 0-7-3	K3111
161	D1808	02736	U8FB1
" r						7^	I
							
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 humiliate, disgrace, dishonor, insult
{fi® 'Tbujoku suru insult, treat with con-
tempt
0® kutsujoku humiliation, disgrace, insult
Ifc® chijoku disgrace, dishonor, shame
11®7Г<6 setsujoku suru vindicate one's
honor, get revenge for one's defeat
ryojokusuru insult, disgrace; rape
[KUN]
[hazukashimeru ®£)-6] humiliate, put to
shame; disgrace, insult, dishonor
®&£> hazukashime shame, disgrace; being
raped
Ж ® Ъ kamei о hazukashimeru
bring disgrace upon one's family name
1752
H2-7-3
► LIP
SHIN kuchibiru
□	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3116
30	D2180	@2737	U5507
1750-1752
646
7-4
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
J b\4
1754
В2-7-4
► BLACK
KOKU kuro kuro(i)
	Joyo-2	S11-11-0	K2585
203	B0599	@2740	U9ED2
Ф [original meaning] lip, lips, labium, labia
inshin labium
□ ® koshin lips, labia
[kun]
[kuchibiru ®] lip, lips
Jb® uwakuchibiru upper lip
1753
В2-7-3
► SAGACIOUS
► PHILOSOPHY
TETSU Ц] sato satoshi satoru aki
akira nori
□	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3715
30	Cl 120	@2738	U54F2
- i 3 3' If
:.;....  [... \...L).L..F7..J
123456789
%.
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] sagacious, wise, intelli-
gent
ВД® meitetsu wisdom, sagacity; wise man
ф PHILOSOPHY
tetsugaku philosophy
®SI tetsuri philosophy (of something)
Ф® chutetsu Chinese philosophy
intetsu Indian philosophy
H2-7-3
Я 2-7-3
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-8: “h at 1337
incorrect classification
^see В2-2-8: at 1339
Ф [also suffix] [original meaning] black, blackish
Ж#5 kokkai Black Sea
Ж® kokuban blackboard
Ж>Й kokuten black [dark] spot, sunspot
Ж A kokujin black, Negro
ЖШ® kokkasshoku blackish brown
^Ж shikkoku pitch black
En Ю	Ю 1
[KUN]
[kuro ЖJ BLACK
Ж-S kuromame black soybean
ЖИ kurokami black hair
Ж^? kuroji the black, surplus
Ж'Т^Г kurozumu blacken, darken
В Ж shirokuro black and white; right or
wrong
Ж^Ж& makkurona deep-black, jet-black
[kuroi ЖИ] BLACK;dark(-colored)
ШЖИ haraguroi blackhearted, malicious
asaguroi dark-complexioned, tanned,
swarthy
► LEISURELY
YU HI shinobu
Ф leisurely, at ease, relaxed, composed,
serene
647
1753-1755
7-4
мд
L уйуй to calmly, leisurely; easily, with-
out difficulty; boundlessly
yuchona leisurely, easygoing; tedi-
ous
<h LT yuzen to shite with an air of per-
fect composure
1756
H2-7-4
► HOPE
► LOOK AFAR
BO MO nozo(mu) Щ nozomi
	Jdyd-4	S11-4-7	K4330
74	A0479	@2742	U671B
1	u-		if	tn	in	in	iS	¥
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О hope, expect, wish, aspire to, desire
bogaino unexpected, unanticipated
kibosuru hope, wish, aspire to
lei! yobo demand, request
&6П zetsubo despair, hopelessness
^З^Ъ shitsubosuru be disappointed,
lose hope
'$3 yokubo desire, craving
Л25ИТЪ shibo suru desire, wish, aspire to
taibono hoped-for, long-awaited
WH1/L yubdna promising, hopeful
ФП honmo one's long cherished desire; sat-
isfaction
SUITЪ konmosuru entreat, solicit, beg
earnestly
0 LOOK AFAR, gaze into the distance, com-
mand a view of
ШИТ%> boken suru watch from afar
ЗЯ bdkyo homesickness, nostalgia
HisSS bdenkyd telescope
tenbosuru have a view of
chobd view, prospect, outlook
[KUN]
[nozomu nt?]
O0 desire, wish, crave for
0 hope (for), expect, look forward to
a П<^ nozomi desire, wish; hope, expectation,
prospect; preference
ПЗТН nozomashii desirable, welcome
heiwa о nozomu crave for
peace
b	seiko о nozomu hope to suc-
ceed
Wt>nt? machinozomu expect, look for-
ward to
0 expect (a person) to do, ask for
Й Ж & П t? jicho о nozomu ask for pru-
dence
IHOMOPHONESI
nozomu Ей BE PRESENT AT => 1083
1757
H 2-7-4
► PEAR
RI nashi
*	Names	S11-4-7	K4592
75	C1236	@2744	U68A8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 pear tree; pear
rika pear blossoms
SI Ж rika pome
[KUN]
[ nashi SI ] pear; pear tree
SIO^ nashi no mi pear
SIO^L nashino tsubute no communica-
tion
incorrect classification
=>seeH 2-2-9: at 1345
H 2-7-4
► BAD
AKU 0 waru(i) waru- a(shi)A
1758
И2-7-4
-c?	Joyo-3	S11-4-7	K1613
61	B0550	@2745	U60AA
0 (morally evil) bad, evil, wicked, immoral
0 (inferior in quality) bad, inferior, poor,
1756-1758
648
7-4
unsatisfactory
G (disagreeable) bad, unpleasant
а ЖЖ akuma devil, demon, satan
Ж® akutoku vice, corruption, immorality
ЖЖ akuji evil deed
ЖЛТ'Ь akkasuru worsen, aggravate, de-
teriorate
ЖД akuyd abuse, misuse, improper use
ЖЛ akunin wicked person, scoundrel
Ж^С akujo wicked woman; ugly woman
bSWft akushitsuna bad, malicious; malig-
nant
akuhitsu poor handwriting
ЖШ5т1 akujunkan vicious circle
Ж^{ф akujoken bad terms
ЖЖ saiaku the worst
с ЖМ akushu offensive [foul] odor, stench
Ж* okan chill
Ж^{^ akutenko bad weather
© [also suffix] (something bad) evil, BADness, vice
IS Ж zen'aku good and evil
ЙЖ shoaku various evils
Й^Ж shakaiaku social ills
4&ИЖ hitsuydaku necessary evil
© hate, bear ill will, despise
Ж® akui malicious intent
ШЖ zoo abhorrence, hatred
ken'o hatred, dislike, repugnance
IINDEPENDENTl
[aku Ж] evil, BADness, vice
ЖКШ aku nisomaru steeped in vice
[KUN]
[warui Ж0]
O0 bad, evil, wicked, immoral
0 (inferior in quality) bad, inferior, poor,
unsatisfactory
G (disagreeable) bad, unpleasant
а Ж waru bad fellow, knave
waruiokonai bad [evil] deed
b ЛЙЙ^Ж^ atama да warui weak-headed,
slow
с ЖИВ¥¥У waruihyoban unsavory rumor
OMH kimariwarui awkward, embar-
rassed
©0 (causing harm) bad, injurious, harmful
0 bad (luck), ill (omen)
а ЖИВЮТ warui kaze bad cold
1=1 Ж H me ni warui bad for the eyes
b ЖНЙ £>'£* warui shirase bad news
© (ofthe body) bad (eyesight), sick, ill
@$ЖН me ga warui have bad eyesight
G blamable, in fault
Ж 7^0 Zt Warukatta I’m sorry/lt’s my fault
&$ЖИ Watakushiga warui I am to
blame/lt is my fault
[waru- Ж-J bad, evil
ЖЖ warugi malice
ЖЖН warugashikoi cunning, artful, sly,
crafty
ЖЙЖ warujie cunning, craft, serpentine
wisdom
ЖП warukuchi (=akkd) slander, abuse, foul
language
[ashi Ж L J elegant bad, evil, wrong
ЖAshikarazu I beg you to under-
stand my position
if l/Ж L yoshiashi good or bad [evil], right
or wrong
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЖЙЙ* itazura mischief, prank, practical joke
[HOMOPHONES]
itazura
f/Ё FOLLOWER =>®416
ЖЙ =>1758,1208
1759
H 2-7-4

► SERGEANT
SO
s	Joyo	S11-4-7	K3366
73	D1879	®2746	U66F9
ICOMPOUNDSl
© sergeant, petty officer
socho sergeant officer, sergeant major
gunsd sergeant
W# kaiso petty officer (navy)
ISW rikusd noncommissioned officer
649
1759
В 7-4
S 1760
H2-7-4
► AFFECTED BY DISEASE
KAN wazura(u)
	Joyo	S11-4-7	K2021
61	B0862	Ф2747	U60A3
10	11
j£ ICOMPOUNDSI
• affected by disease, diseased, sick
kanja patient
Ф ЖЗ kanbu diseased part, affected area
|KUN|
[wazurau Ж О ] fall ill, be afflicted with
Жи wazurai illness, sickness
nagawazurai lingering sickness
W&S'S типе о wazurau have trouble in
one's lungs, suffer from pulmonary tu-
berculosis
IHOMOPHONESI
wazurau Й( vexed =>0701
wazurai Ж vexed ==>0701
H 2-7-4
incorrect classification
=>see В2-6-5:^ at 1715
1761
H2-7-5
► NUMERICAL ORDER
► WATCH
BAN
E0	Joyo-2	S12-5-7	K4054
102	A0366	02748	U756A
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 suffix for expressing numerical order or
forming ordinal numbers: No., number
0 numerical order, order, ranking, place
a ichiban first, first place; first verse; most,
best; a game, a round, a bout; a number,
a piece
sanbansen Track No.3
b bango number, serial number
banchi lot [house] number, address
bangumi (TV) program
banzuke ranking list
ЮЛ banto (head) clerk
bankuruwase upsetting of ar-
rangements, upset, surprise
AS senban one's turn to make the first
move
ФИг honban acting for the audience, take,
going on the air
JSS junban order, turn
0 [also suffix] watch, vigil, guard, lookout
SA bannin watchman, guard, caretaker
SA banken watchdog
\FS rusuban caretaking (during a per-
son's absence); caretaker
О (one's) turn, duty, shift
5CS koban police box
HjS deban one's turn, one's time
SS toban being on duty [guard]; person on
duty
OS hiban off duty
IfiS rinban turn, rotation
[INDEPENDENT!
[ban SJ one's turn, duty, shift; watch, vigil,
guard, lookout
S	ban ni ataru be on duty, have
one's inning
И2-7-5
H2-7-5
1762
H2-7-6
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-3-9:at 1492
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-4-8: A at 1604
► BUDDHIST CASSOCK
SA SHA
%.	Names	S13-6-7	K2632
145	D2847	©2750.5	U88DF
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 BUDDHIST CASSOCK
kesa Buddhist surplice
1760-1762
650
8-2
FSciSZX dgesana exaggerated, hyperboli-
cal
H 2-7-6
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-10:at 1505
| I t ►INDIAINK " 1	BOKU sumi 7				
1763 H2-7-7	± 32	Joyo	S14-3-11	K4347
		C1569	@2753	U58A8
ICOMPOUNDSl
* India ink, Chinese ink, ink stick
® ?T bokuju India ink, black writing fluid
zKUffl suibokuga India ink drawing, paint-
ing in India ink
[KUN]
[sumi ® ] India ink, Chinese ink, ink stick
Sfi sumiiro India ink color
sumie India ink drawing, painting in In-
dia ink
osumitsuki handwriting; certifi-
cate, authorization; paper bearing the
signature of the shogun or feudal lord
IHOMOPHONESI
sumi COAL =>1445
►vow SEI chika(u)			
1764 В	Joyo	S14-7-7	K3232
H2-7-7	149	D1656	@2754	U8A93
F	F	F	F'	'	Зтгда		
123456789
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] vow, swear, pledge, make
[take] an oath
вЙ'ТЪ seiyakusuru vow, pledge, make
[take] an oath, swear
вЙЙ seigan oath, vow, pledge
SlIBF%> senseisuru make [take] an oath,
swear, vow
[KUN]
[chikau S О J vow, swear, pledge, make
[take] an oath
chikai vow, oath, pledge
SoT chikatte upon my word, by Jove
IS H foF chikaikawasu vow to each
other
incorrect classification
=>seeB2-3-H:^at1521
H 2-7-7
H2-8-1
1765
H2-8-2
E™ [ ЦП ]
incorrect classification
=>see 03-3-6: Г at 1972
► ONE OF A PAIR
► COUNTER FOR SHIPS
SEKI
	Joyo	S10-8-2	K3241
172	D1653	@2755	U96BB
и и	г r- ft-	&	&		
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
li
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] one of a pair, esp. when
the second member is absent
Ж IS sekigan one eye
О COUNTER FOR SHIPS
isseki one ship
suseki several ships
1766
H2-8-2
► FALCON
SHUN hayabusa Ц] haya hayashi
jun
	Names	S10-8-2	K4027
172	D2086	@2756	U96BC
[KUN]
[hayabusa falcon, peregrine falcon,
651
1763-1766
В 8-3
2----------------------------
duck hawk
hayabusaka Falconidae
АЖ dhayabusa gerfalcon
[ й 3 М S Я В ]
► SNOW
SETSU yuki
1767	Ж	Jdyd-2	S11-8-3	K3267
B2-8-3	173	C1087	02759	U96EA
0 snow, snowfall
®_ЬЖ setsujosha snowmobile
Ж® gosetsu tremendous snowfall
IWU kdsetsu snowfall, snow
StU sekisetsu (fallen) snow
ЙтИа shinsetsu fresh snow
keisetsu diligent study
[kun]
[yuki ®] snow, snowfall
® tnWc yukigassen snowball fight
yukiyake snow-tan
HIS 0 yukimatsuri Snow Festival
Й® hatsuyuki first snow ofthe season
ISPECIAL READINGS]
nadare snowslide
l^W fubuki snowstorm
► OLD WOMAN
BA baA
* old woman, old maid, old mother; woman
roba old woman
ydba witch, hag
robashin grandmotherly solicitude
san ba midwife
[kun]
[ba SJ [in compounds] old woman, old wife
obasan old woman, old wife,
grandma
► ENLIGHTEN
KEI HO hiro hiroshi hira akira yoshi
О enlighten, edify, awaken, educate
keimd enlightenment, instruction
keihatsusuru enlighten, develop,
edify
0 address respectfully—used esp. in polite
salutations
Sr-L'T'S keijosuru speak respectfully
haikei Dear Sir, Dear Madam
kinkei Dear Sirs, Gentlemen
1770
H2-8-3
► COMET
SUI ZUI El E u kei
Names	S11-3-8	K5534
D2448	№765.5	U5F57
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 COMET
S Ж suisei comet
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж intelligent =>1798
H 2-8-3
incorrect classification
=>see B2-6-5: j=tat 1716
1767-1770
652
incorrect stroke-count
=>see H2-9-3: PW at 1804
H 2-8-3
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-9-3: К at 1805
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with M plantain =>1529
8-4 В
— 2
► COLLECT
SHU atsu(maru) atsu(meru)
tsudo(u)

1771
H 2-8-4
► SCORCH
► BE IMPATIENT
SHO ko(geru) ko(gasu)
ko(gareru) ase(ru)
Joyo	S12-4-8	K3039
Cl 140	02770	U7126
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] scorch, burn
shdten focus, focal point;
(photographic) focus
shddo scorched earth
shdnetsu scorching heat
ЖЙ shobi emergency, urgency, imminence
0 be impatient, be too eager, burn to do
something
Ж® shoso fretfulness, impatience
ЖЖ shoryo impatience; worry
Ж'Ь' shoshin impatience
[KUN]
[kogeru ЖН&] v/scorch, burn, singe
Ж^Д^ kogekusai smell burnt
kogechairo dark brown, olive
brown
[ kogasu Ж	] vt scorch, burn, char
[kogareru Ж/Wl-S ] pine for, yearn for; be
deeply in love with
И Ж koikogareru pine for, burn
with passion
[aseru Ж Ъ ] be impatient, be hasty, be in a
hurry, be too eager
Ж 0 aseri impatience
Жт5££<=к Aseru nayo Don't be in such a
ЬиггуЯаке your time
1772	W	Jdyb-3	S12-8-4	K2924
B2-8-4	172	A0225	02771	U96C6
'.1...I7.
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
OO (bring together) collect, gather, concen-
trate, assemble, recruit
G [original meaning] (come together) collect,
gather, congregate
G gathering, meeting, assembly; collec-
Tion
а Жз& shukin collecting money
Ж SB shdhai collection and delivery
ШЖ'Т^ saishusuru collect, gather
4ХЖ'<Г<5 shushusuru collect, gather, accu-
mulate
ЙЖ^^> shoshusuru call, summon, con-
vene
boshusuru recruit, enlist; raise,
collect
ЖЖТ& choshusuru levy, recruit
b Ж Ф shuchu suru concentrate, focus;
converge
Жп^ТЪ shugosuru gather, meet, assem-
ble; summon, call together
Ж^ shuraku community, settlement, town,
village; colony
йпЖ'З"'?) kesshusuru concentrate, marshal
с Ж^ shukai gathering, meeting, assembly
Ж Bl shudan group, body, mass, crowd
ОЖ gunshu crowd, mob; forming a large
group (of people)
0 [also suffix] coLLECTion of literary works,
anthology, series
ЙЖ shishu anthology of poems
Л1яШ^Ж kawabata-zenshu the complete
works of Kawabata
7ТЖЖ man'yoshd (=manny6shu) Japan's
653
1771-1772
[ да м й & t аг $ $ й s « w 1 мд
8-4
oldest anthology of poems
ИгйЙЖ shokanshu collection of letters
©O (collect written materials) edit, compile
© edition, series
а Ж® shuroku compilation, editing
ШЖ^-Ь henshusuru edit, compile
b ^Ж tokushu special edition
[KUN]
[atsumaru Ж S 6] vi gather, collect, meet,
crowd, flock; (of money) be collected; center,
converge, focus
Ж 0 atsumari gathering, meeting, assem-
bly; collection
Ж О Ж^-Ь yoriatsumaru gather, assemble
[atsumeru ЖФ-&] vt collect, gather,
assemble, recruit; raise (funds); focus, concen-
trate
ЙГаГЖФ^) kakiatsumeru gather up,
scrape up together
^ФЖЙ> kitteatsume stamp collecting
[tsudou Ж 5 ] v/ gather, collect, meet
ЖН tsudoi meeting, gathering, get-together
1773
H 2-8-4
► ATMOSPHERE
FUN
ж	Joyo	S12-8-4	K4223
173	C1423	®2772	U96F0
© ATMOSPHERE
35НЖ fun'iki atmosphere, mood
1774
Я 2-8-4
► CLOUD
UN kumo -gumo
	Jdyd-2	S12-8-4	K1732
173	C1311	®2773	U96F2
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] cloud
Я Ж unkai sea of clouds
undeinosa great difference (as
between clouds and mud)
fltSLft sekiran'un cumulonimbus
[KUN]
[kumo ft]cloud
ftlStV^"kumogakure suru vanish be-
hind the clouds; disappear, run away
ftfsl kumoma rift between clouds
??cfft ukigumo cloud drift
[-gumo -ft] [suffix] cloud
AiMS nyudogumo gigantic columns of
clouds (in summer), cumulonimbus
417 □ ft kinokogumo mushroom cloud
(from a nuclear blast)
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЯШХА hibari skylark
1775	► SAD HI kana(shii) kana(shimu)			
		Jdyd-3	S12-4-8	K4065
H 2-8-4	61	C1086	®2775	U60B2
D j
i.....\....j...i.....j....i....j....i.....J....
i 2.......3....4.....5....6....7....8...9
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
О sad, sorrowful, pathetic
hitsuna sad, grievous
JKWfc hisanna miserable, wretched, tragic,
pitiable
hisona pathetic, tragic
higeki tragedy, tragic drama
himei shriek, scream
ЯЙШ'Т'Ь hikansuru be pessimistic, lose
heart
hikantekina pessimistic
1773-1775
654
8-4
0 Buddhism mercy, compassion
jihi mercy, compassion
[KUN]
[kanashii tLRLH]
0 (low in spirit) sad, unhappy, sorrowful
0 (causing sorrow) sad, sorrowful, pathetic
a kanashisa sadness, sorrow, grief
L W kanashige ni sadly, with a sad look
b	kanashigaru be sad, feel sorrow
[kanashimu Ж LtT] feel [be] sad, grieve,
feel sorrow; lament, regret
?£ 1/^9- kanashimi grief, sadness
kanashimubeki куддй
pitiable condition
IHOMOPHONESI
kanashii Й sorrow =>®2068
1776
H2-8-4
► PHONETIC [i]
Hl I [Ц aya
	Names	S12-4-8	K4069
67	D2048	02776	U6590
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 used PHONETically for /
Ф Ъ kaiga aru fruitful, effective,
worth, worthwhile
► GENERAL
SO Щ nobu michi fusa
1777
B2-8-4
	Names	S12-4-8	K3358
61	D2352	02780	U60E3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (applicable to the whole or the usual) general,
overall; ordinary
sozai daily [household] dish, side dish
ЙЙ1 soja shrine enshrining several gods
sdka streetwalker (in the Edo period)
► KOTO
KIN koto
1778	3E	Joyo	S12-4-8	K2255
H 2-8-4	96	C1130	02781	U7434
0 [original meaning] koto, (Japanese) harp, lyre
kinkyoku koto music
[kun]
[koto [also suffix] koto, (Japanese) harp,
lyre
Л? kotozume artificial fingernail
[plectrum] of ivory used in playing the
koto
§£X^P tategoto harp
taishdgoto Japanese harp with three
to five strings
г эш м & s $ ж § i w i wa
[HOMOPHONES]
koto =><8>2703
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
О suffix for forming modifiers (noun adjec-
tives and adverbs); suffix attached to a
one-character base to express a state of be-
ing or quality
totsuzen abruptly, suddenly, unexpect-
edly
£^0 kozenno open, public
heizento calmly, quietly, with
composure
655
1776-1779
В 8-4
9----------------------------------------------
junzentaru pure, sheer; absolute
<h LT funzen to shite indignantly,
wrathfully, in a rage
zenzen wholly, totally, completely; (not)
В at all
®fdanzen resolutely, decisively
bdzentosuru be struck dumb
(with surprise), be stupefied
0 so, be definitely so, be as it is
tennenno natural
shizen nature
guzen chance, accident, coincidence
S tdzen naturally, as a matter of course
izen still, as yet
0 [original meaning] replace (one thing or
person by another), change places, substi-
tute, change
{L® daitai substitution
kotai alternation, shift, change
[KUN]
[kaeru
O0 replace (one thing or person by another),
renew, change
0 change to something new (as a job or set
of clothes), change over to
kae replacement, spare
tatami no omote о kaeru
replace the covers of old mats with new
ones
0 ®Z_<5 nurikaeru repaint
®	torikaeru change, renew, re-
place, substitute
WS rydgae money changing, exchange of
money
b	shdbai о kaeru change to a
new business
kigaeru change clothes
0 exchange, interchange, trade, barter,
change (money), convert
31	hikikaeru exchange, change,
convert
[kae- SA-] substitute, spare, extra
§Z_3E kaedama substitute, double
®Z.JH kaeba extra blades
#Z.^f kaegi spare (change of) clothes
[kawaru ЙЪ-Ы be REPLACEd, change
places with, replace, take turns, relieve,
change
0 kawari turn, shift; replacement (for a
maid); substitute program (of a kabuki
play)
tachikawaru take turns, alter-
nate
irekawari replacement, substi-
tution, change, shifting
Kochoдаkawatta Anew
school principal took over the job
ISPECIAL READINGS]
kawase money order, exchange
IHOMOPHONESI
kaeru
CHANGE =>1311
Ж EXCHANGE =>0429
R SUBSTITUTE =>0018
kae-
CHANGE =>1311
Ж EXCHANGE =>0429
R SUBSTITUTE =>0018
kawaru
CHANGE =^>1311
Ж EXCHANGE =>0429
ft SUBSTITUTE =>0018
kawari
CHANGE =>1311
Ж EXCHANGE =>0429
ft SUBSTITUTE =>0018
► WISDOM
CHI [Ц tomo satoshi sato satoru
toshi nori akira masaru satori
1781
H 2-8-4
H	Names	S12-4-8	K3550
72	B0911	®2784	U667A
1780-1781
656
8-4 В
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 wisdom, intelligence
0 [original meaning] wise, clever, resourceful
а chino intelligence, mental capacity
chie wisdom, intelligence, sagacity
chishiki wisdom; Buddhist priest of re-
nown
chibo resources, artifice
muchi ignorance, stupidity
b W Ж chiryo foresight
chisha wise man; learned priest
WЙ chisho resourceful general
B2-8-4	incorrect classification	
	=>see B2-2-10: >	— at 1351
	incorrect classification	
в H2-8-4	^see B2-3-9:	-at 1499
► BOIL
SHA ni(ru) -ni ni(eru) ni(yasu)

1782
H 2-8-4
Joyo	512-4-8	K2849
C1331	(8)2785	U716E
0 [original meaning] (cook by boiling) boil, cook
shafutsu boiling
[KUN]
[niru ^<6] vtboil,cook,do
nikomu boil well; stew, cook to-
gether
Жлл'Э nitatsu boil up, begin to boil
nitsumeru boil down
nimame boiled (cooked) beans
[-ni -Ж] [suffix] BOiLed food, boiling
kanroni sweet boiled food
[nieru	vi boil, be boiled, be cooked
niekiranai half-cooked;
vague, halfhearted
nieyu boiling water
nieyuоnomasareru
be betrayed
[niyasu	vt boil down, wear out
go о niyasu be exasperated,
lose one's temper
1783
H2-8-4
► BEWILDERED
WAKU mado(u)
	Joyo	512-4-8	K4739
61	B0820	®2786	U60D1

ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] bewildered, perplexed,
puzzled, confused
0 mislead, lead astray, entice
a wakuran bewilderment, confusion
meiwaku trouble, annoyance
towaku perplexity, confusion, embar-
rassment
konwaku embarrassment, perplexity,
confusion
b fflslS miwaku fascination, enchantment,
charm
yuwaku temptation, seduction
ЙГЙК genwaku dazzle, daze, bewilderment
[KUN]
[madou □ J be bewildered, be puzzled
madoi delusion, illusion, infatuation;
bewilderment, perplexity
tomadoi loss of orientation, bewil-
derment
ЙйЪ^ madowasu mislead, lead astray, en-
tice; fascinate; bewilder, perplex, puzzle
incorrect stroke-count
=>see H2-9-4: II at 1813
H 2-8-4

657
1782-1783
В 8-5
г- 1784
$| Н2-8-5
► ELECTRICITY
DEN
s	Jdyd-2	$13-8-5	K3737
173	A0187	02790	U96FB
10	11	12	13
[COMPOUNDS!
	► THUNDER RAI kaminari			
1785 B2-8-5	ж 173	Joyo	S13-8-5	K4575
		C1553	02791	U96F7
go ELECTRICITY
k л	® Я denki electricity; electric light
®^ denshi electron
denryoku electric power, electricity
ЖЖ densha train, electric train, trolley
®Йс denpa electromagnetic waves, radio
waves
®IS denwa telephone; phone call
® denwacho telephone book
[directory]
®$R denpd telegram
® densanki electronic computer
® dengen power source [supply]
!нз®Ж<5 hatsudensuru generate electricity;
telegraph
f¥® teiden stoppage of electric power,
power failure
0 various devices operated by electricity, as:
© abbrev. of ®Ж densha: electric railway,
train
© abbrev. of ® IS denwa: telephone
0 abbrev. of ®$x denpd: [also suffix] tele-
gram
a ^® shuden last train
Ш® kokuden National Railway
b ® ® ft denden kosha Nippon Telegraph
and Telephone Public Corporation
(defunct)
c gaiden foreign telegram, cablegram
Я® Ж-2) daden suru send a telegram, tele-
graph
□ ^7—fg roitaden Reuter dispatch
0 [original meaning] thunder
S® raiden thunder and lightning, thunder-
bolt
взЖ raiun thundercloud
esW raijin god of thunder
[kun]
[kaminari tf] thunder, thunderbolt; light-
ning; thunderous rebuke, thundering at (a
person)
kaminarioyaji irascible old man
0 zero, naught
W® reido zero, freezing point
reika below zero, sub-zero
^0$ reiji twelve o'clock
reihai whitewash, being shut out
II-Ж reiten zero, no marks
IINDEPENDENTl
[rei zero, naught
1784-1786
658
8-6
►ALLIANCE
MEI
JUL
1787	mi	Jdyo-6	S13-5-8	K4433
И 2-8-5	108	B0666	®2794	U76DF
1 in |R IB BJ	0Л	ВЛ 0Я	0Я 1
T 1 i ГГ7 ; rm ; ТТЛ,
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
• ALLIANCE/ league, pledge, pact
meiyaku pledge, pact, alliance, league
meiho ally, allied powers
meiyu sworn friend
Й® domei alliance, league, union
SS ® renmei union, federation, league
id® kamei participation, affiliation
1788
Я 2-8-5
► PROHIBIT
KIN
ZK	Joyd-5	S13-5-8	K2256
113	B0715	®2795	U7981
-..p......p..ГтИ
123456789
LrZ.„LXJ2TJ.^.J
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
О prohibit, forbid, ban
kinshisuru prohibit, forbid, ban
kin'en NO SMOKING; giving up smoking
JS'p] kinku tabooed word
genkinsuru prohibit strictly, taboo
iRiSi hakkin prohibition of sale, suppression
(of a book)
0 abstain from, refrain from, give up
kinshusuru abstain from [give up]
drinking
kin'yokutekina abstentious, self-
denying, ascetic
© confine, imprison
ЖЙ kinko imprisonment
kankinsuru imprison, confine
IhJtS kokin detention, confinement, impris-
onment
(INDEPENDENT!
[kinjiru (=kinzuru)
prohibit, forbid
1789
Я2-8-5
► SUPERVISE
► COMMANDER
TOKU Щ masa suke
s	Joyo	S13-5-8	K3836
109	B0531	®2796	U7763
[ й Ж Ю J ЮД
p.p.p.p.
5
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] supervise, oversee, super-
intend
kantoku supervision, superintendence;
supervisor; film director
0 commander, governor-general, viceroy
sotoku governor-general, viceroy
Ke® teitoku admiral
0 urge, press, demand
tokusokusuru urge, press, de-
mand
B2-8-5	incorrect classification =>see B2-3-10:at 1510
B2-8-5	incorrect classification see В 2-3-10:at 1506
B2-8-5	incorrect classification see H 2-6-7: at 1734
► DEMAND
JU
1790
B2-8-6
ж	Joyo	S14-8-6	K2891
173	B0882	®2797	U9700
659
1787-1790
В 8-6
ICOMPOUNDSl
£fr 0 DEMAND/ needs, requirements
0 need, require
ЁХ a fl® jukyu supply and demand
Ixffn tokuju emergency demand, special pro-
curements
Жттлдп gunjuhin war supplies
jitsuju actual demand
Kfn minju private demands, civilian re-
quirements
gaiju foreign demand
b fnl? juyd demand
i&fSnn hitsujuhin necessaries, necessities
► ORIGINATE
CHO Ц] hatsu hajime hajimu toshi
kei tadashi
1791
H2-8-6
♦	Names	S14-6-8	K4005
129	D1895	02799	U8087
ICOMPOUNDSl
• Jrare] originate, found, create, begin
ЖИ chokoku founding of a state
1792
H2-8-6
► MANUFACTURE
SEI
it	Jdyb-5	S14-6-8	K3229
145	A0385	02803	U88FD
>i]
2	3	4	5	6	7	8..9
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 manufacture, make, produce, fabricate;
bind (books); refine (oil)
0 [also suffix] indicates place or agent of
MANUFACTURE
а ЙзёЖ seizogyo manufacturing industry
ISf^ seisaku manufacture, production
®nn seihin manufactured goods [articles],
product; refined petroleum products
seiyaku pharmaceutical manufacture
seihon bookbinding
seizu drafting, drawing
seisei refining; careful manufacture
tokuseino specially made
[manufactured]
^8© teseino handmade
b kanseino government manufactured
В nihonsei no made in Japan
H2-8-6
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-9-6: ЁЯ at 1816
► SPIRIT
REI RYO tama
1793
H 2-8-7
ж	Joyo	S15-8-7	K4678
173	C1448	02805	U970A
ICOMPOUNDSl
О departed spirit, ghost
Ж US reien cemetery park
reizenni before the spirit ofthe de-
parted
ft*® reikon spirit, soul
ireisai memorial service
ЙЖ yurei ghost, apparition
tS borei departed spirit, ghost
eirei spiritof the war dead
ЯЖ shoryd spirit of a dead person
© (incorporeal part of man) spirit, soul
ItfiSI reichdrui Primates
lltMZX reitekina spiritual, incorporeal
>L?f=t shinrei spirit
zenshin-zenrei body and soul;
one's best
© miraculous, sacred, divine
ЖШ reijo holy ground, sacred place
ItlW reiho sacred mountain
ЖЖ reigen (=reiken) miracle, miraculous
virtue
1791-1793
660
8-7
reikan inspiration, extrasensory percep-
tion
HzK reisui miracle-working water
[KUN]
[tama ft] soul, spirit, ghost
ЖЛЁ 0 tamaokuri sending off the spirits of
the dead
WSt-H mitamaya mausoleum
IHOMOPHONESI
tama soul =><8>1063
► QUAKE
SHIN furu(u) furu(eru)
0 quake, earthquake, shock, tremor
a ®shindd shock, tremor, vibration
ЖЖ jishin earthquake
b St® shingen earthquake [seismic] center
ЖК shindo seismic intensity
shinsai earthquake disaster
IS HI jakushin weak earthquake, minor
tremor
[kUn]
[furuu Й 5 ] tremble, quiver, shudder
Ж И furui trembling, shaking, shivering
miburui shivering
[furueru	tremble, quiver, shake,
vibrate, shudder
Ж A furue trembling, shaking, shivering
ЖА/4 furuegoe trembling voice
furueagaru tremble violently,
shudder
HOMOPHONES]
furuu
St SWING =>0316
Ж ROUSE UP =>1532
WIELD =>®589
if	► FELLOW HAI					
1795 H 2-8-7	ж 159	Joyo	S15-7-8		K3958	
		C1418	©2807		U8F29	
И :-l H M 1^'						
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 fellow(s), companion, comrade
0 [also suffix] [belittling] fellow, guy
a senpai senior, superior, elder
kohai one's junior, younger generation,
peer
|r|« ddhai fellow, comrade, colleague
ЯНИ hobai comrade, friend, associate
jakuhai young people; greenhorn
b tohai set, company, fellows
wagahai I
Пгм [ (! £ И I U О О]
► QUALITY
► MATTER
SHITSU SHICHI CHI 1] tada
O0 [also suffix] (natural attribute) quality,
nature, character, property, temperament,
disposition
0 (degree of excellence) quality, grade
а ФЖ honshitsu essence, reality
ЙЖ seishitsu nature, temperament, charac-
ter; (characteristic) property, quality
taishitsu physical constitution
ЖЖ soshitsu character, nature, makings,
constitution
ЖЖ jisshitsu substance, essence
661
1794-1796
[Я п ш
В 8-7
п --------------------------------------------------
Ф? Ж tokushitsu characteristic, property, qual-
ity
ФФ£1Ж shinkeishitsu nervous temperament
b шЖ hinshitsu quality
ЖЖ& akushitsuna bad, malicious; malig-
# nant
s Ж onshitsu sound [tone] quality
** 00 matter, substance, material
0 [suffix] (specific substance or constituent)
MATTER
** а Ж Ж shitsuryd phys mass; quality and quan-
7^7	tity
ФЙЖ busshitsu matter, substance
b ФЙФ^Ж shokubutsushitsu vegetable matter
ЦХЙЖ tanpakushitsu protein, albuminous
substance
© query, question, verify, confront
ЖГо) shitsumon question
Ж88 shitsugi question, interrogation
Я‘Ж'Т-2) taishitsu suru confront, cross-
examine
00 (thing serving as security) pawn, pledge
0 (person serving as security) pawn, hostage
а ЖЖ shichiya pawnshop
b Л Ж hitojichi hostage, prisoner
0 simple, unadorned
Ж Ж shisso simplicity, modesty, frugality
[INDEPENDENT)
[shitsu Ж] quality; nature, disposition
Ж & Ж < shitsu оyoku suru improve
the quality
ЙА0Ж/2 Ryd yori shitsu da Quality mat-
ters more than quantity
[shichi Ж J pawn, pledge
Ж A	shichi ni ireru pawn, pledge
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 approve of, agree with
0 back up, give support, assist, help
а ЙЙс sansei approval, agreement, support
54 S sanpi approval or disapproval; yes or no
54Ж san'i approval
Я|Й] sando approval, endorsement
b 54sanjo backing, support, approval
kybsan support, cooperation
Ж 54 yokusan support, countenance, assis-
tance
0 praise, laud, admire, commend
54 S? sanji eulogy, praise, compliment
54 It sanbi praise, admiration
541§I santan praise, admiration
Ж54А-Ь shbsansuru laud, praise, admire,
commend
zessan great admiration
5L5I raisan worship, adoration, glorification
► INTELLIGENT
KEI E [Ц satoshi sato satoru toshi
ei akira megumi
1798
И 2-8-7
	Names	515-4-11	K2337
61	D2140	®2810	U6167
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] intelligent, wise, bright,
clever, cunning
0 intelligence, wisdom
a SI® keigan discerning [quick] eye, keen
insight
b WS chie wisdom, intelligence, sagacity
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ® comet =>1770
► APPROVE OF
► PRAISE
SAN
1797 H2-8-7			я 154		Joyo-5		515-7-8			K2731	
					B0762		<8)2809			U8CDB	
—				*							
1799
H2-8-7
► BLACK
REI RAI RI
3?	Names	515-12-3	K8353
202	D2268	@2811.5	U9ECE
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф black, dark
reimei dawn, daybreak, beginning (of a
new age)
1797-1799
662
8-11 В
B2-8-7	incorrect classification =^see Я2-2-13:at 1357
B2-8-7	incorrect classification =>see H2-2-13: at 1358
B2-8-7	incorrect classification =^>see Я2-3-12: — at 1531
B2-8-7	incorrect classification =>see H2-4-11: H at 1609
w B2-8-7	incorrect stroke-count =>seeB2-9-7: Kat 1817
► MIST
КА kasumi kasu(mu)
1800
В 2-8-9
Ж	Names	517-8-9	K1866
173	D1618	02814	U971E
ICOMPOUNDSl
• mist, haze
® Я enka mist [haze] and smoke; beauties of
nature
unka no gotoku in swarms
choka morning mist [haze]
[KUN]
[kasumi ® ] mist, haze; dimness of sight,
mist; Japanese mist net
kasumi о kuu live on air
IH'ir M kasumigaseki Japanese Foreign Min-
istry
SR harugasumi spring haze
[kasumu ЯШ] haze, be hazy, mist; have
dim sight
JS <C Д' ty toku ni kasumu loom in the dis-
tance
toshi de kasunda me eyes
dimmed with age
1801
B2-8-9
► FROST
SO shimo
ж	Joyo	517-8-9	K3390
173	D2169	02815	U971C
i i	r—	I rrf^i ЙЙ» i
1	2	3	4		5	6	7	8
		4 nli* i rrft* i nTs* i ;
it	it	i	it	Itl	itnitn itmtm
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [original meaning] frost, hoarfrost
ftШ sogai frost damage
IWffi kdsd (fall of) frost
[KUN]
[shimo fll] frost, hoarfrost
ЯЙ shimobashira frost columns
ЯЁЖМ" shimoyake frostbite, chilblains
ЯЁЙ 0 shimofuri pepper-and-salt; marbled
meat
ЙИ osojimo late frosting
Ф [original meaning] fog, mist
StS muteki foghorn
ЛЖ muhyo rime, hoarfrost, silver frost
ЙЙЖ nomu dense [thick] fog
enmu smog
unsan-mushd suru scatter
and vanish, vanish like mist
[KUN]
[kiri fog, mist; spray
663
1800-1802
В 8-11
э -----------------------------------------------
IxM yogiri night fog [mist]
Л Ж kirisame (=kiriame) drizzle, misting rain
Л^с^ kirifuki sprayer, atomizer
incorrect classification
=>seeB2-2-17: — at 1359
H2-8-11
О [original meaning] dew, dewdrop
Ж® uro rain and dew
©0 expose, bare to view, disclose
© EXPOSEd, uncovered, open
a roshutsu exposure, disclosure;
(photographic) exposure
SJe. rotei exposure, disclosure
WO roken discovery, detection, exposure
b W#rokotsu na candid, plainspoken;
indecent
S'® bird announcement; introduction
W И ohirome debut
bakuro exposure, disclosure
SK roten open air, the open
®JiE roten roadside stand
[KUN]
[tsuyu WJ dew, dewdrop
W	tsuyu ni nureta dewy, wet
with dew
WJAH tsuyuharai herald; heralding, usher-
ing
yotsuyu evening dew
И2-9-2	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-9: at 1343
B2-9-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-4-7: it at 1596
H2-9-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-5-6: EB at 1651
B2-9-3	incorrect classification =>seeC 1-3-9: P at 0405
► DEGENERATE
DA
1804	±	Joyo	S12-3-9	K3436
H2-9-3	32	D2190	®2822	U5815
’MF'	r	Pt	Pt	Pt	Pt
...1.......2.......3.......4.......5.......6.......7.......8......9"
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
© degenerate, become degraded into, sink
into evil ways, descend to
daraku degeneration, corruption, deca-
dence
1805
H 2-9-3
► FIRM
KEN kata(i) -gata(i) Щ kata
katashi
Joyo	S12-3-9	K2388
C1127	№823	U5805
|1 |r jr t	p		та		EX
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] (resisting deformation) firm,
hard, solid, sturdy
kenzai hard wood
kenrona solid, durable, fast
1803-1805
664
9-3
Ов (of а person's character) firm, steadfast,
trustworthy
0 (unfluctuating) firm, steady, stable
a HSZi kengona strong, secure, firm, stead-
fast
ИЖ& kenjitsuna steady, sound, reliable
ФИ chuken the mainstay, nucleus (of a
company)
b ЮЯ! kencho bullish, firm (market)
[KUN]
[katai НИ,-gatai -ИИ]
О (resisting deformation) firm, hard (lumber)
H $ katasa firmness, hardness; steadiness,
honesty
kataizaimoku hard lumber
katapan hardtack, hard biscuits
0 steady (market or business), sound
(investment)
ИИЙтЕ katai shobai sound business
sokogatai steady undertone (of the
market)
ФИ И tegatai steady (market); safe; trust-
worthy
© stiff, formal, bookish
HS LH katakurushii formal, stiff-
mannered
katabutsu straight-laced person
ИНЖЙ katai kotoba stiff speech
IHOMOPHONESI
katai
В SOLID =>1963
H HARD =>0802
86 DIFFICULT =^>1196
B2-9-3	incorrect classification	
	=^see B2-3-9: -	-at 1501
	incorrect classification	
В 2-9-3	=>see В 2-3-9:	-at 1500
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-9: * at 1496
H2-9-3
1806
H 2-9-3
► INNER PART
0 oku
*	Joyo	S12-3-9	K1792
37	B0978	02824	U5965
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 inmost, mysterious, deep, profound
0 inmost part, innermost, mystery, inner
depths
а ЖЙ ogi (=okugi) secret principles, secrets,
hidden mysteries
)ЙЖ куда one's heart of hearts, the depths of
one's mind
b Й^Ж shin'd esoteric doctrines, mysteries,
depth
ЙЖ naid inner part, depths, recesses
[kun]
[Oku Ж1
Ecn [ a £ Й ffl ш t « fll ]
O0 inner part, interior, the back, the heart,
the depths, the recesses
© [also prefix] the interior (of a country),
inland, back country
0 interior room, inner chamber, parlor
0 [in compounds] inner, interior
а ЖЪ* okuyuki depth, length
lidЖ yamaoku deep in the mountains, in the
recesses of a mountain
ЙОЖ morino oku deep in the forest
b ЖЙ1 okuchi interior, hinterland, backwoods
с Ж^РЫ oku no ma backroom
^СЖ ooku inner palace; place where sho-
gun's wife resided
d ЖЙ okuniwa inner garden, backyard
Ж® okuba molars, back teeth
Ж 0 7*0 okunikko the secluded spots
[recesses] of Nikko
ЖЖтЙ okuzashiki inner room [chamber]
0 (from the idea that the wife of a nobleman lives in
the inner chambers) wife
Ж $ hj okusan married lady, Mrs.; your wife
ЖШ okusama married lady, Mrs.; your wife
665
1806
[fN [ISKOl
9-3
okugata wife of a nobleman
1807
H2-9-3
► MOURNING
SO mo
□	Joyo	S12-3-9	K3351
30	C1131	®2825	U55AA
ICOMPOUNDSI
ф lose, be deprived of
soshitsu loss, forfeit
iOTsoshin suru lose consciousness
soso loss of spirit, dejection
[KUN]
[mO KJ MOURNING
ЙЕЙЙ mofuku mourning dress
moshu chief mourner
КФ mochu in mourning
Ж К fukumo mourning
>r4z ► PLEASURE /th ►COMFORTABLE ► MUSIC 1 QOQ GAKU RAKU tan°(sh") 1 BUS tano(shimu) n Л					
	Joyo-2	S13-4-9	K1958
75	A0363	®2826	U697D
i 'if ft 1 ft I ft I 1	2 3 4	5 ;йС;йФйФй<1 irT7LrtjZtlZlSi		'ft |;6 ; ..„6 7	co :	П>: S • V i i «> : ТТЬ: ✓ Si
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 PLEASURE, joy
0 pleasurable, pleasant, merry
a kydraku enjoyment
kairaku pleasure, enjoyment
goraku amusement, pastime
koraku excursion, outing, holidaymak-
ing
b rakuen paradise
0 comfortable, easy
rakkan suru be optimistic, take a
hopeful view
rakkantekina optimistic
rakuinkyo comfortable life in retire-
ment
rakurakuto comfortably; very easily
rakushd easy victory, walkaway
rakutenteki optimistic
anrakuna comfortable, carefree,
cozy
© [also suffix] music, musical composition
IKIb gakufu (sheet of) music, musical score
gakki musical instrument
la Ж ongaku music
hogaku Japanese music
[INDEPENDENT!
[raku comfort, ease; relief
rakuna easy, light; comfortable
raku nikurasu live in comfort
[KUN]
[tanoshii L И] pleasurable, pleasant,
enjoyable, merry
tanoshisa pleasure,joy; pleasantness
tanoshii omoide happy
[sweet] memory
[tanoshimu take pleasure in,
enjoy (oneself)
tanoshimi pleasure, enjoyment-
amusement, diversion, hobby; expecta-
tion
L ty eiga о tanoshimu enjoy a
movie
ISPECIAL READINGS]
kagura sacred (Shinto) music and danc-
ing
кота top
IHOMOPHONESI
tanoshii Ш pleased =>®582
tanoshimu Ш pleased =^®582
tanoshimi 'fift pleased =^®582
1807-1808
666
9-4 В
ПТ7 ►illuminate
У |—|	SHO te(ru) te(rasu) te(reru)
1809
H2-9-4
	Jdyd-4	S13-4-9	K3040
86	C1083	@2827	U7167
In |fl |0 Э^ Н^ НГ В?? 0S
ICOMPOUNDSl
9
О [original meaning] illuminate, shine, reflect
Й^ВД shomei illumination, lighting
shosha irradiation
Й^ЙЁ shodo intensity of illumination
НЙ^Ж nisshoken right to sunshine
0 check (one thing) against (another), collate,
examine by comparison, refer
Й^ЗЕчГЪ shosa suru check against [up], ex-
amine by reference, verify
й^ Ъ shogosuru verify,compare,collate
shdkaisuru inquire, apply for in-
formation
ЙЙ^ taishd contrast, comparison; control
[kun]
[teru ЙЙ <5 ] vi shine; be fine
й$ 0 ten sunshine; dry weather; luster
futte mo tette mo rain
or shine
[terasu ЙИ bT] illuminate, shine on, shed
light
й^ b Ln1 Ъ'Й'-Ь terashiawaseru check by
comparison, collate, verify
[tereru	feel shy, be abashed
Й^^1Д terekusai embarrassed
1810
H 2-9-4
► CONCEIVE
SO SO
-l?	Jdyd-3	S13-4-9	K3359
61	A0434	02828	U60F3
-..|"Г......^1.ж
1	2	3	4	5	6	78...9
2
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 conceive, think of, think, contemplate,
imagine
G think ofthe past, recollect, reminisce
а sozo imagination
SB/5l sotei hypothesis, supposition, assump-
tion
“FSB yoso prospect, expectation, conjecture
SfcSB kansd thoughts, impressions
Ж SB rensd association (of ideas)
b EHSB kaiso recollection, reminiscence
0 conception, idea, thought, image, concept
Ж Ж shiso thought, conception, idea
Ж SB koso conception, idea; plot, plan
3HSB riso ideal
Я SB genso fantasy, illusion
HiSB aiso (=aisd) civility, hospitality
SB hasso conception; music expression
1811
H 2-9-4
>й<
ва
ЖП
► MELANCHOLY
SHU ure(eru) ure(i)
-L'	Joyo	S13-4-9	K2905
61	D2067	@2829	U6101
1
10	11
12	13
0 melancholy, sad, gloomy, worried
G melancholy, sadness, grief, sorrow, lone-
liness
a S&JS shubi worried look, melancholy air
yushu melancholy, gloom, grief
b aishu sadness, sorrow, pensiveness
kydshu homesickness, nostalgia
ffibSS ryoshu loneliness on a journey
[KUN]
[ureeru A *6] grieve, lament, feel sorrow
tomo no shi о ureeru
667
1809-1811
В 9-4
grieve for the death of a friend
[urei melancholy, grief, sorrow,
sadness
ureigao sad face
IHOMOPHONESI
ureeru > BE ANXIOUS =>1357
urei Ж BE ANXIOUS =>1357
МП
► HOLY
► SAINT
SEI hijiriT Ц] sato satoshi kiyo
kiyoshi satoru
1812
В 2-9-4
w	Jdyo-6	S13-6-7	K3227
128	C1293	02830	U8056
Tr.If.|r.If.Ш..ШпШ*
2
IMp Mp Яр M?
ICOMPOUNDSl
О holy, sacred, divine
ffiUr seisho Bible
1еЖ seirei Holy Ghost, Holy Spirit
1=Ж seika sacred song, hymn
seiiki holy [sacred] precincts, sanctuary
ffl A. seika sacred fire [torch]
Wffl/£ shinsei na holy, sacred, divine
00 SAINT
0 title before names of saints: St.
a ffl К seiken saints and sages
b	seipetero St. Peter
seiroka bydin St. Luke Hospital
В 2-9-4
1813
В 2-9-4
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-10: at 1515
► FOOLISH
GU oro(ka)
-l?	Joyo	S13-4-9	K2282
61	D1767	02834	U611A
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] foolish, stupid, ignorant
guretsuna stupid, silly, foolish
ЖЙП guchi idle complaint, grumble; queru-
lousness
gudonna stupid, silly
ISM gumon silly question
[KUN]
[oroka
oroka na foolish, stupid, dull, silly
orokasa foolishness, stupidity
orokashii foolish,stupid, dull, silly
orokamono fool, dunce
>0^4	► SENSE ► FEEL KAN			
1814		Joyo-3	S13-4-9	K2022
H2-9-4	61	A0249	02835	U611F
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] sense, feeling, sensation,
sentiment, emotion
0 (faculty of perception) sense
a 'IW kanjo feelings, emotion, sentiment
kanso thoughts, impressions
|r|^ dokan same sentiment, sympathy
rettokan inferiority complex
sekininkan sense of responsibility
shinkinkan feeling of intimacy
b SlJS gokan the five senses
dairokkan the sixth sense, intuition
binkanna sensitive
©0 feel, perceive
0 [original meaning] feel deeply, feel admira-
tion, be moved, be affected, be impressed
а kankaku sense, sensation, feeling
1812-1814
668
9-7
kanchisuru perceive, become
aware of
kannosayo induction
Ъ kydkan suru sympathize with, feel
sympathy (for)
Ъ jikkan suru feel actually; realize,
experience personally
b Ъ kanddsuru be moved, be im-
pressed
kanmei deep impression
kangeki deep emotion
kanshin admiration
© be affected, be influenced, be struck by,
contract
SfcH kanden electricshock
kansen infection
0 feel gratitude, thank
kansha gratitude, thanks
(INDEPENDENT!
[kanjiru (=kanzuru) D<5(=^T<5)] be
conscious of, suffer, be sensible to, have a
FEELing that
C kanji feeling, sense, sensation, touch,
feel; impression, sentiment
1815
H 2-9-5
► DEEP BLUE
HEKI (U midori ao aoi
5	Names	S14-5-9	K4243
112	D2299	®2836	U78A7
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] deep blue, azure, blue
HzX hekisui blue water
H® hekiku blue sky
sfe S? Hr IS 0 A kinpatsu-hekigan no
gaijin foreigner with golden hair and
blue eyes
ШНг konpeki deep blue, azure
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-6-8: **• at 1736
H 2-9-5
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-10-5: at 1825
H2-9-5
1816
Я 2-9-6
В
2
► TIGHTEN
► EXIGENT
KIN
&	Joyo	S15-6-9	K2259
120	B0803	®2838	U7DCA
8	9
ER
j !г r;r > f? "ё
7
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] tighten, make tight
[tense], become tight [tense]
kinbakusuru bind tightly
Ъ kincho suru become tense, be
strained, be keyed up
kinshuku contraction, shrinkage; strict
economy
0 exigent, urgent, pressing, imminent
kinkyuna urgent, pressing, emer-
gent
kin'ydna important, momentous;
exigent, urgent
KiSLA kinpakushita tense, strained
kinsetsuna urgent, pressing
► WISE
KEN kashiko(i) Щ satoshi masaru
masa kata yoshi ma koto
1817
H 2-9-7
Д 154	Joyo	516-7-9	K2413
	C1314	®2839	U8CE2
\\ г т Jr Г Г M
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 wise, intelligent, sagacious, bright
0 wise man, sage
а	kenmeina wise, intelligent; sensible
RW kenja wise man
kenbo wise mother
b if @ kentetsu sage, wise man
[KUN]
[kashikoi К И] wise, intelligent, sagacious,
669
1815-1817
В 9-7
2------------------------------------------------
bright
Ж сЕ kashikosa wisdom, intelligence, sagac-
ity
rcrj	warugashikoi cunning, artful, sly,
crafty
zurugashikoi sly, cunning
Jjg H2-9-7	incorrect stroke-count =4>see B2-10-7: st at 1827
fl H2-9-8	incorrect classification
	=>see B2-4-13: « at 1611
В 2-10-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-3-9:-"-at 1492
incorrect classification
=>see B2-9-3: at 1806
B2-10-2
^Sl 0 hitonuri one coat of paint
wajimanuri Wajima lacquer
Ф (stimulate by assistance) encourage, promote,
stimulate
shdrei encouragement, promotion,
stimulation, incitement
shogakukin scholarship (grant)
hoshd reward, compensation
► MODEL
SO
1818
H2-10-3
► APPLY ON A SURFACE
TO nu(ru) nu(ri)
±	Joyo	S13-3-10	K3741
32	C1557	02841	U5857
1820
B2-10-3
Joyo	S13-3-10	K3326
D2570	®2843	U5851
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] apply on a surface, lay
on, spread on, coat, paint
§18 toso painting, coating
toryd paint
Ъ tofu suru apply (an ointment)
toko painter
[kun]
[nuru Si <5 ] lay on, spread on, paint, coat
Si 0	W"Ъ nuritsukeru daub, smear
S? V nurie picture for coloring
[nuri Si 0 ] [also suffix] coating, painting;
painted or lacquered product
uwanuri final coating of paint
if й
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8 ..9
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] (make by shaping a plastic
material, esp. clay) model, mold, sculpt
sozd modeling, molding
choso carving and modeling, plastic
arts; clay model
Я 2-10-3
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-10: -+*- at 1505
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-11-3: at 1830
H 2-10-3
1818-1820
670
10-5
► HAIR
hatsu kami
1821
В2-10-4
	Joyo	S14-10-4	K4017
190	C1449	®2846	U9AEA
ogy
shitai figure, person; pose
0 [original meaning] attitude, posture
Я&Й taido attitude, manner
taisei attitude, preparedness, condition
IГ F |F £ i> > IJTI^
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
1823
H 2-10-4
► BEAR
YO kuma
Names	S14-4-10	K2307
B0986	®2848	U718A
0 hair (on the head)
tohatsu hair, head hair
mohatsu hair
sanpatsu haircut
ЙК ha ku hatsu white [gray] hair
[KUN]
[kami St] hair (of the head); [also suffix]
hairstyle, coiffeur
kaminoke hair
ЮпИ kamiyui hairdresser; hairdressing
0 ФИ nihongami Japanese coiffeur
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Й Sf shiraga white [gray] hair
► STATE
TAI
1822		Jbyo-5	S14-4-10	K3454
B2-10-4	61	A0408	@2847	U614B
		ft	ft	4oz	ft	ft'	ft*	
ftB	ft&	ft&	ft£	ftM
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] state, condition, situation; form,
appearance
jotai state, condition, appearance, situa-
tion, aspect
seitai ecology; mode of life
jittai actual conditions, state
Жйй jUtai serious condition, critical state
Жйй jitai situation, state of affairs
keitai shape, form, structure, morphol-
[kun]
[kuma IS] bear; [in compounds] as fierce or
big as a bear
SIS shirokuma sea bear, polar bear
ISl^x kumabachi hornet
ЕЭ, incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-11:-H-at 1521
H2-10-4
sit	incorrect stroke-count
AVs	=>see В 2-11-4: Hl at 1836
В 2-10-4	
№	incorrect stroke-count Jv»	=>see И2-11 -4: EE at 1837 B2-10-4 Kt/tl ►DISK ►BOARD ГГ|\ BAN Ц] iwa iwao						
1824	Ж	Joyo	S15-5-10		K4055	
В 2-10-5	108	B0913	®2851		U76E4	
'	/	ft	ft	ft	ft	ft* 1	2	3	4	5	6	7 ftS^	jg 10	11	12	13	14	15 ICOMPOUNDSl O0 disk, round plate © [also suffix] phonograph disk, re a	enban disk; flying saucer kyuban sucker, sucking disk rashinban compass taiban placenta				ft"' 8 cord		9
671
1821-1824
10-5
Ем [ ii J
b eF38- onban disk, record
Ift A® yunyuban foreign [imported] record
© [also suffix] (flat surface for specific purpose)
board (as for shogi or chess), panel, plate
ШЙ31 shogiban chessboard
kenban keyboard
Ж 38- soroban Japanese abacus, soroban
30038: seigyoban control panel
haidenban distributing board [panel],
switchboard
© bedrock, base rock, base, foundation
38-?з banjaku huge rock; firmness
S38- kiban bedrock, base, foundation
Ш38: ganban bedrock, base rock
Й38- jiban ground, foundation, base
$£38- rakuban cave-in
rm.
1825
H2-10-5
► OVERSEE
KAN
M	Joyo	S15-5-10	K2038
108	A0386	@2852	U76E3
Г |r IF |F |P ip Pz PA
gt ^gfcigArigfcigfcigt
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
О oversee, supervise, overlook, watch over,
superintend, inspect
kantokusuru supervise, superin-
tend; direct (a film)
kanshisuru watch, keep under
observation, exercise surveillance
kansa inspection; inspector, supervisor
ifljW kanshu (editorial) supervision
© prison
imJS kankin imprisonment, confinement
UhlJTj kanbd cell, ward
1826
B2-10-6
► THRIVE
HAN shige(ru)v Ц] shige
& 120	Joyo	S16-6-10	K4043
	C1297	®2853	U7E41
t...Il.1...Il..i¥..
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (grow vigorously) thrive, luxuriate, grow
thick
SJM'lT'b hanshokusuru breed, propagate,
increase, multiply
SSSc hanmo luxuriant growth
©0 (enjoy prosperity) thrive, prosper, flourish
0 bustling, busy
а	han'eisuru prosper, thrive, flourish
SISI hanka prosperity, bustle
hanjosuru prosper, flourish, thrive
b Sift hanbo pressureof business, business
Ж 1*1 hankan press and slack of business
ЖЖЙЯ nohanki busy farming season
© numerous, frequent
hinpanni frequently, very often
IHOMOPHONESI
shigeru grow thick =>1435
1827
H 2-10-7
► LOOK OVER
RAN
	Jdyd-6	S17-7-10	K4587
147	C1386	®2854	U89A7
|i....|r...|r...|F...|F...|F...|W....[I'..FF^
H П i П ! M i ЕЭ
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] look over (a wide area),
look at, glance at, view, see
© (make an overall inspection of) look over,
inspect, read
a —‘K ichiran a look, a glance, a reading;
summary, synopsis
ichiran suru look, glance through,
inspect
goran [honorific] look, see; try
ЖИЖ kanransha Ferris wheel
b JUH'T'b tenransuru exhibit, show
1825-1827
672
11-2
tW hakurankai exhibition, fair, exposi-
tion
etsuranshitsu reading room
К benran (=binran) handbook, manual
ybran survey, outline, handbook
incorrect stroke-count
=>see H2-11-9: W at 1840
H 2-10-9
SSj incorrect classification
X/L	^see E1 -10-10: f at 1200
H2-10-10
► STANDARD
► QUASI-
JUN
1828	7	Joyd-5	513-3-10	K2964
H2-11-2	85	A0388	®2856	U6E96
...|;....IF....IF...
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8!
; /FF : /ТЕ. !/EE; /tfe
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
О standard, norm, criterion
ФМИ junsoku regulations, standard
7КФ suijun level, standard; water level
36Ф kijun standard, criterion, basis
hybjun standard, norm, criterion
heijun level; equality
© [also prefix] quasi-, semi-, associate
ФЖ junkyu local express, semi-express
(train)
junkesshb semifinal
Ж junkaiin associate member
© prepare, provide for
ФЖ’З-'?) junbisuru provide for [against],
prepare for [against]
► POWER
SEI ikio(i) Ц] nari
1829
B2-11-2
Л	Jdyd-5	513-2-11	K3210
19	A0259	®2857	U52E2
'.p.P.p.p.p.p.ip;
23456789
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
Сеч [	« К 1
©0 (ability to influence) power to influence,
influence, strength, authority
0 spiritual energy or power, vigor, spirit,
dash
а seiryoku influence, power, might; force
(of a typhoon)
kensei power, influence, authority
tbsei strength of a party
yuseina superior, leading, predomi-
nant
SEH7ZX gbseina great, grand, magnificent
kyosei bluff, bluster, false show of
power
b kisei spirit, ardor
isei spirits, dash; power
© physical power, force; momentum; energy
kasei force ofthefire, flames
kyosei emphasis, stress, accent
ff hissei stroke [dash] ofthe pen
yosei surplus power, reserve energy
© (numerical force) strength, number (of sol-
diers or people), large numbers
tazei great numbers, superiority in
number
dzeino great number of, multitude
of
00 course of events, state of affairs, situation,
condition, circumstances
0 trend of events, drift, tendency
а keisei situation, state of affairs; pros-
pects
Ю josei state of things, situation
taisei attitude, preparedness, condition
kokusei state [condition] of a country
b AcH? taisei general trend [tendency]
jisei trend ofthetimes, spirit ofthe age
0 outward appearance
shisei posture, position, poise, attitude
[KUN]
[ikioi 1Й* V *] force, vigor, power, energy,
spirit; momentum, impetus; influence, power
673
1828-1829
В 11-2
2	ikioiyoku forcibly, with vigor
Ъ Z) ikioiо furuu exercise author-
ity, wield power
shizen no ikioi de by force of
OE	circumstances
incorrect classification
=>see B2-8-5: at 1786
— H2-11-2
► PRIVATE SCHOOL
JUKU
1830
H2-11-3
±	Joyo	514-3-11	K2946
32	C1428	02860	U587E
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [also suffix] PRIVATE SCHOOL, school run
outside normal school hours, cram school
jukucho principal of a private school
jukusei private school student
AIS nyujuku entering a private school
IS eigojuku private school for the study
of English
IINDEPENDENTI
[jukU PRIVATE SCHOOL
IS JU! ИТ И <5 juku о hiraite iru run a pri-
vate school
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-11: at 1517
H2-11-3
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-12-3: В at 1842
Я2-11-3
incorrect stroke-count
=>see B2-12-3: at 1845
H2-11-3
► STRIKE
GEKI u(tsu)
О strike, make a military attack, destroy
ЖШ'АЪ gekihasuru defeat, rout; destroy
J&SS код eki attack, assault; criticism; baseball
batting
bakugeki bombing, bombardment
SW'T'b hangekisuru counterattack, strike
[fight] back
ЯЖ'А'б shugekisuru raid, attack, assault
0 fire, shoot, discharge
® gekitsuisuru shoot down
SSl'T'b gekichin suru attack and sink a
ship
shagekisuru shoot, fire at
Sl® jugeki shooting, gunning (down)
© [original meaning] strike, beat
dageki blow, strike; batting, hitting
Д® chokugeki direct hit
ffi® shdgeki impact, shock, impulse
И mokugekisha eyewitness
Ж® dengeki electric shock; lightning attack,
blitz
[KUN]
[utsu
О fire, shoot, discharge
® tS Ж uchiotosu shoot down
hayauchi quick [snap] shooting;
quick [snap] shot [draw]
0 attack, strike, assault
® Effie'S uchiyaburu defeat,crush
JflJ AIS'S) mukaeutsu fight the attack of an
enemy
[HOMOPHONES!
utsu
ft STUDY =>0977
Я STRIKE =>0142
1830-1831
674
1832
В2-11-4
► SHORT WHILE
ZAN shibara(ku)A
0	Joyo	S15-4-11	K2735
72	C1009	®2864	U66AB
i' rr |f> e ij|
i^-iirl^rj^r|^-|^| 7
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] short while, a while
0 for the time being, temporary, provisional
a zanji short while, a moment
b zanteino provisional, tentative
zanteian provisional plan
[KUN]
[shibaraku W < J awhile, a moment; good
while, long time; for the time being
Ш < Shibaraku desu ne It's been a
while
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж gradually =>0500
1833
H2-11-4
► SILENT
MOKU dama(ru)
	Joyo	S15-11-4	K4459
203	C1381	@2865	U9ED9
1 ;VT

Midili7
\i in i' \i \ \ v
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 SILENT, taciturn
<s> (unexpressed) silent, tacit
a	mokuhisuru keep silent, keep
secret
mokuto silent prayer
mokudokusuru read silently
chinmoku silence, reticence, taciturnity
kamokuna silent, taciturn, reticent
b mokunin tacit [silent] approval, tolera-
tion
11-4
ВвзЙФ anmokuno tacit
[KUN]
[damaru ] become silent, shut one's
mouth
US 0 danmari silence; taciturnity; refusing
explanation; pantomime
IS V) damarikomu sink into silence
► HEAT
► HOT
NETSU atsu(i)
1834		Jdyd-4	S15-4-11	K3914
H2-11-4	86	B0733	@2866	U71B1
r...Г+..>................

10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI

О (source of warmth) heat
rWj^! konetsu intense heat; high fever
kanetsu heating
T’cRSlt konetsuhi fuel and electricity ex-
penses
Й1Й jinetsu (=chinetsu) terrestrial heat
tainetsusei heat-resisting property
О [also suffix] (abnormal bodily heat) fever, tem-
perature
iAsWft hatsunetsu generation of heat; attack of
fever
© [original meaning] hot, boiling
netto boiling water
BSfir nettai tropics, torrid zone
UtM nekki hot air, heat; fevered air, enthusi-
asm
shakunetsu heat
0 (showing intense feeling) hot (with excite-
ment), fervent, passionate, ardent, enthusi-
astic, earnest
netsui zeal, ardor, enthusiasm
nesshinni enthusiastically, zealously,
fervently, earnestly
SSWc nessen hot contest, hard fight
netchu suru be absorbed in, be-
come enthusiastic
UH netsubd fervent hope, earnest desire
675
1832-1834
В 11-4
n --------------------------------------------
netsuretsu па ardent, fervent, vehe-
ment
ЮпЖ nekketsukan hot-blooded man
IW^J: jbnetsu passion, enthusiasm
IINDEPENDENTl
®f [netsu IS] heat; fever
benkyb ni netsu ga hairu
become very keen on one's studies
[nessuru l&T*6] heat, make hot; become
gj- hot, get excited
nesshiyasui excitable
[KUN]
№ [atsui
jt)j О нот (to the touch), heated
IStcS atsusa heat
H □ — t — atsui kohi hot coffee
0 hot (with excitement), passionate
IHOMQPHONESI
atsui > SUMMER HEAT =>1600
rj p ► CONSOLE I nagusa(meru) nagusa(mu)			
1835 H2-11-4	61	Joyo	S15-4-11	K1654
	C1249	@2867	U6170
”	3 Г	. 10	11	12	13	14 ICOMPOUNDSl		% |f 6	7	8	9 I 15	
0 [original meaning] console, comfort; show
sympathy to
Ж|п| imon inquiring after a person's health;
consolation
ЖЖ irei comforting the spirits ofthe dead
isharyo consolation money
ird recognition of services
[kun]
[nagusameru ® Ф <5 ] console, comfort,
cheer up
Шйб nagusame consolation, comfort
fi & > L? Ш Sake wa kokoro о
nagusameru Drink comforts the soul
[nagusamu ] be diverted (by)
nagusami amusement, pastime, pleas-
ure; fooling around
H nan no nagusami
mo naimainichi a pleasureless life
1836
H2-11-4
► MATURE
JUKU u(reru)
Jdyd-6	S15-4-11	K2947
C1408	@2868	U719F
О (become ripe, as of fruit) mature, ripen
jukushi ripe persimmon
mijukuna unripe, immature; un-
skilled, poor
00 (become fully developed) mature, ripen,
attain full growth
0 become skilled, attain proficiency
а jukusei aging, ripening, maturation
ЛЙзЙ'З"Ъ seijukusuru mature, ripen, attain
full growth
sojukuna precocious, forward
b l&M jukuren skill, dexterity
ISjST'S jukutatsu suru attain proficiency,
become expert
enjukushita mature, mellow, ripe,
fully developed
Ю-Й”?"shiijukusuru get skilled (in), be-
come practiced (in)
0 (of words) get into popular use, come to
sound natural
Юп jukugo compound word (esp. in Japa-
nese); phrase, idiom
[kun]
[ureru	ripen, become ripe, mellow,
MATURE
ure ripeness, maturity
ureta kajitsu mellow [ripe] fruit
1835-1836
676
11-5
£ 18: H2-	В	► BRIGHT KI [§ hiro hiroshi hiromu nori yoshi			
	37 11-4	86	Names	515-4-11	K8406
			D9999	@2868.5	U7199
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 bright, prosperous; glorious, peaceful
kikitaru literary in a delightful
manner; extensive, vast; (of traffic) busy
► MERITORIOUS SERVICE
KUN isaoT Ц] isa isamu
1838 H2-11-4	19	Joyo	S15-2-13	K2314	
		C1485	@2869	U52F2	
Г7 |f* 1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8					9
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl

• meritorious [distinguished] service, merit,
meritorious deed, exploits
ЙЙЙ kunko distinguished services, merit
Я&Ж kunsho decoration, order, medal
shukun meritorious deeds, distin-
guished service
bukun deeds of arms, distinguished
military service
IHOMOPHONESI
isao Й MERIT =>0138
incorrect classification
7m =>see H2-3-12: at 1528
H2-11-4
► PUT IN ORDER
SEI totono(eru) totono(u)
Ц] hitoshi
1839
H2-11-5
%	Jdyd-3	516-4-12	K3216
66	A0464	@2871	U6574
- Г" > > > > > >>-
=	е	, ।
i j i i »F i jE- i
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] put in order, arrange,
adjust properly, make straight
0 in good order, well-arranged, proper, intact
а	seirisuru put in order, arrange;
liquidate, disorganize; retrench; cut, dis-
pose of
fit® seibi maintenance, servicing, prepara-
tion
seikeigeka orthopedic surgery,
orthopedics
Ъ seiretsusuru stand in a row, line
up
1ПЙ seichi leveling of ground, soil prepara-
tion
seiton proper arrangement
IHU chosei regulation, adjustment
b	seizentaru orderly, systematic
seisH integer
kinsei symmetry
[kun]
[totonoeru Ш A<5] (put in order) arrange,
tidy up, adjust (clothes), regulate
kamiо totonoeru arrange [tidy
up] one's hair
choshi о totonoeru putin
tune
[totonou 1П 5 ] be in order, be adjusted
[regulated], be made up properly
8o tz totonotta in good order, well-
ordered, well-regulated; well-featured
flRS ЙЯП О T V * <5 fukuso ga totonotte iru
be properly dressed
IHOMOPHONESI
totonoeru tone =>1051
totonou Hi TONE =>1051
incorrect classification
=>see H2-3-13: at 1532
H2-11-5
En [&»]
677
1837-1839
В 11-9
2--------------------------
► REVERBERATE
KYO hibi(ku) Ц] hibiki
W 1840 H 2-11-9	180	Joyo	S20-9-11	K2233
		B0501	№878	U97FF
—	\<Г \<Г W* \Ф
23456789
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
’ з p p' p*' r’r PTX
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] (fall suddenly from a great
height) drop down, drop, fall down, crash
down
0 cause to drop down, drop
а tsuiraku fall, crash
tsuishisuru fall to one’s death (as
from a cliff)
b	gekitsuisuru shoot down
0 [original meaning] reverberate, resound,
echo, ring
0 reverberation, echo, sound
a	hankyosuru echo, reverberate
ВШ hankyo echo, reverberation; response,
repercussions
eikyo influence, effect
b ia W onkyd sound
5CW kokyo reverberation
W® kdkydkyoku symphony
[KUN]
[hibiku W < J reverberate, resound; ring,
sound; vibrate
hibiki sound, echo; vibration; influence
wow <C narihibiku reverberate, echo, re-
sound
t&Wc*' jihibiki earth tremor
► PERFUME
KEI KYO Ц] kaoru kaori hajime
1841
B2-11-9
	Names	S20-9-11	K1930
186	D2135	02879	U99A8
1842
В 2-12-3
► DROP DOWN
TSUI
±	Joyo	S15-3-12	K3638
32	D1825	02881	U589C
O0 evil [corrupt] practice, bad habit, defect
0 (something undesirable) evil(s), abuse
a	heisei misgovernment, maladministra-
tion
b	heigai evil, abuse, vice
akuhei evil, vice, abuse
Io gohei defects in expression, improper
word
tohei party evils
0 [humble] our [my] humble
heisha our firm
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with currency =>1844
1844
B2-12-3
► CURRENCY
HEI Ц] shide
Ф	Joyo	515-3-12	K4230
50	D1782	©2885	U5E63
1840-1844
678
12-7
Em
i pi pp
Ш^Ж^" michibikidasu draw (a conclusion),
deduce
1	2	3	4	5	6
pfr4- i	pfe&pteSu ЯЙс pffic
11 ) n | ф J
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSl
►TAKE A REST
|-*-f Fl KEI iko(i) iko(u)
О currency, money, coins, legal tender
heisei currency [monetary] system
kahei money, currency, coinage
rMi zohei coinage, mintage
shihei paper currency, bank note, bill
О offering of doth or paper to the gods, esp.
in Shinto rituals
IBPgohei pendant paper strips in a Shinto
shrine, sacred staff with cut paper
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with 5$ evil practice =^>1843
1845
H2-12-3
► GUIDE
DO michibi(ku) Щ michi
	Jdyd-5	S15-3-12	K3819
41	A0352	Ф2888	U5C0E
F..Fl.F).Fl..Fl.F
ICOMPOUNDSl
ОФ (show the way) guide, lead, conduct
0 (give guidance to) guide, teach, instruct,
direct
а аЦА’З"%) donyusuru lead into, bring into
WS doin inducement, incentive
shuddken leadership, initiative
Ъ yudd suru induce, incite; guide,
lead
modoken guide dog, Seeing Eye dog
b Ъ shiddsuru guide, lead, instruct
ЙОг'З-<5 kyddo suru instruct, teach, train
0 (serve as a medium) conduct, transmit
handotai semiconductor
[KUN]
[michibiku W < ] guide, lead, conduct,
usher
2® c*- michibiki guidance
1846	'0	Joyo	S16-4-12	K2338
H2-12-4	61	D1944	®2890	U61A9
P....>....f...it..itt Itr |tfi
.....j.....i......u....
io 11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 take A rest, repose, relax, rest
kyukeisuru rest, repose
shdkei short rest, brief recess
[kun]
[ikoi ЙН] rest, repose, relaxation, vacation
ikoino ba place for relaxation and
refreshment
[ikou j® 'З ] take A rest, repose, relax, rest
kokage niikou take a rest un-
der a tree
	► GUARD AGAINST ► WARN KEI			
1847				
	и	Joyd-6	S19-7-12	K2357
H2-12-7	149	A0393	®2893	U8B66
.. F’4£ Fib fib Fib Fib Fib Fib7"l
/	:^7 ;T7	i'W i'W
i.....i.....i......I.....i....i......i......кл...k..r».J
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 guard against, protect, police, watch
0 guard, watchman, police officer
a ШгЖ keisatsu police, police station
HЖ keikan police officer, policeman
keishicho Metropolitan Police Office
ИЖ keikai caution, precaution, warning;
watch, guard, vigilance
679
1845-1847
12-10
WAS keibi guard, defense
keishu guard, attendant
b ЙсНг yakei night watch; night watchman
fukei policewoman
0 abbrev. of HU keisatsu: police (force)
iH дВ keibu police inspector
keimu police affairs
ЖИ kenkei prefectural police
kydtofukei Kyoto Prefectural Po-
lice
© [original meaning] warn, admonish
keikoku warning, admonition
keiho warning signal, alarm
keishd alarm bell, warning
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж surprise =>1848
AvU
1848
H2-12-10
► SURPRISE
KYO odoro(ku) odoro(kasu)
ж	Joyo	S22-10-12	K2235
187	Cl 171	02894	U9A5A
~...p.....p....P..........IP....i’P..ip....iP'
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 surprise, startle, astonish, frighten
0 [original meaning] be suRPRiSEd, be startled,
be astonished
а Ж»x kyogaku astonishment, surprise, fright,
shock
b Ж®Й'Т<Ь kydtansuru admire, wonder, be
struck with admiration
Ж Д kyoi wonder, marvel, miracle
ЖЖ kyoki pleasant surprise
[KUN]
[odoroku Ж < J be suRPRiSEd, be aston-
ished, be startled; be frightened
ЖсТ odoroki surprise, astonishment,
amazement; fright
Ж < cf odorokubeki astonishing, amazing,
surprising, wonderful
[odorokasu Ж^Т] surprise, astonish,
amaze; frighten
odorokasareru be surprised
sejin о odorokasu strike ter-
ror in people's hearts
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж guard against =>1847
w incorrect classification
=>see И2-8-7: at 1796
B2-13-2
incorrect classification
JM. =^see И2-8-7: ** at 1797
H2-13-2
► WALL
HEKI kabe
1849	±	Joyo	S16-3-13	K4241
H2-13-3	32	C1057	®2895	U58C1
-г	э	r	г	£	£			
@ ££
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSI
[also suffix]
О [original meaning] wall, partition, fence,
barrier
ft® hekiga wall painting, fresco
P^ft shoheki fence, wall; barrier
PS^Cft bdkaheki firewall
© any WALL-like structure such as a cliff or
precipice
Jfelt zeppeki precipice, cliff
Prft ganpeki quay (wall), wharf
W Ж iheki walls of the stomach
ilEft hokuheki northern cliff
hyoheki ice ridge
Melt joheki castle wall, rampart
□ IS kakoheki crater wall
[KUN]
[kabe wall, partition, barrier
lt/Ш kabegami wall pa per
lt^ 0 kabenuri plastering
1848-1849
680
14-2
kotobanokabe language barrier
► RECLAIM
KON Ц] hiraku
1850
H2-13-3
±	Joyo	S16-3-13	K2606
32	D2660	02896	U58BE
I* И 13 ГГ
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] reclaim (wasteland), open
up new land for farming, clear land, culti-
vate
IS ffl konden new rice field
HUS kaikon clearing, reclamation
тй© mikonno uncultivated, wild
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with H earnest =>1851
1851
H2-13-4
► EARNEST
► FAMILIAR
KON nengo(ro)
-0	Joyo	S17-4-13	K2609
61	C1230	©2899	U61C7
ICOMPOUNDSl
a4
.9.
О earnest, fervent, sincere
SUH'Td kongansuru beg earnestly, im-
plore, entreat
H|]il konmo entreaty, solicitation, earnest
request
konseisuru request earnestly, so-
licit, entreat
Sl^l konkon to earnestly, repeatedly
0 familiar, friendly, intimate
kondan familiar talk [chat]
kondankai social gathering; round
table conference
SIHc kon'i intimacy, friendship; kindness
SIS! konshin friendship, intimacy
SIsS konwa friendly [familiar] chat [talk]
[KUN]
[nengoro Hd]
nengorona SI dfo cordial, kind, hearty;
polite, courteous; familiar, intimate
Sld(^lfd nengoro ni homuru bury with
due ceremony
Uld^fcd nengoro ninaru become ac-
quainted; become intimate
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with H reclaim =>1850
И
>4
1852
H2-14-2
»	[ Й ]
► RISE TO PROSPERITY
► AMUSEMENT
KO KYO oko(ru) oko(su) Ц] oki
tomo
ffl I Joyo-5 I S16-7-9 K222~9
1341 B0711 ©2909 U8208
|r |f ........fl...Tri..ifri.tOr
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
О rise to prosperity, rise, prosper, flourish
ЙЙ кбгуй prosperity, rise
Wt kobo rise and fall, ups and downs
JWSTd kokisuru rise, be in the ascendant-
rouse, stir
ЙТЙО shinkono rising, newly-established
bokko sudden rise, sudden increase in
power
00 cause to rise (to prosperity), promote,
further, advance, develop
0 rouse up, be stirred, be excited
а ЯЖ кддуд promotion of industry
Я Д kokoku making a country prosperous
Ж{бЗт koshinjo private inquiry agency,
credit bureau
ШЯ- shinkd promotion, furtherance, rousing
ЖЙ1Гd fukko suru revive, restore to the
original state, reconstruct
ЙЯ'Тd saiko suru revive, restore
sakkosuru promote; awaken,
arouse, enhance
b d kofun suru get excited, be
681
1850-1852
14-4
agitated, be aroused
© amusement, entertainment, fun, interest,
desire to enjoy
ЙЙ kyomi interest
ЙЪ* kdgyd public entertainment, show
business
yokyo entertainment, side show
Й1Й yukyd merrymaking, spree
—И ikkyd amusement, fun
[INDEPENDENT!
[куб Й1 interest, fun, amusement
ЙД^-Й* kyd да aru be interesting, be fun
[kyojiru (=kyozuru) ЙС-6(=ЙТ'^>)]
amuse oneself, have fun, make merry
|KUN|
[okoru ЙЗ]
О rise то prosperity, prosper, thrive, flourish
Д /0^'Й 'b Kuni да okoru The country pros-
pers
© (come into existence) rise, spring up, be estab-
lished
Atarashiisangydда
okotta A new industry has sprung up
[okosu Й*<Г] cause to rise (to prosperity),
promote, further, advance, develop
ХЖ^Й^ kdgyd о okosu promote indus-
try
sutareta ie о okosu re-
store a family to its former prosperity
IHOMOPHONES]
okoru ® RISE =>2079
okosu Ё RISE =>2079
pline
choaku chastisement, punishment
chobatsu discipline, punishment
chokai official reprimand, discipline
choeki penal servitude, imprisonment
with hard labor
[kun]
[koriru 0 learn by experience, learn a
lesson; have had enough of, be sick of
8	0T6 korigorisuru learn to one's
sorrow
shokori mo naku incorrigibly
[korasu chastise, punish, discipline
Ь'Х аки о korasu punish the wicked
[korashimeru в same as korasu
® b L-Й) korashime chastisement
1854
H 2-14-5
► IMPERIAL SEAL
JI
Joyo	S19-5-14	K2805
D3161	®2911	U74BD
ICOMPOUNDSI
► CHASTISE
CHO ko(riru) ko(rasu)
ko(rashimeru)
© IMPERIAL SEAL
WB gyoji Imperial seal
1853		Joyo	S18-4-14	K3608
H2-14-4	61	C1396	<8)2910	U61F2
' 1 \	W		r F \F F	
1	2	3	I	4	5	6	7	8	9
ie
1855
H2-16-4
► SUSPEND
KEN KE ka(keru) ka(karu) HU kake
<l?	Joyo	S20-4-16	K2392
61	B0921	®2915	U61F8
F	F'	F"	F?	F*.	Ж /	ж	ж	
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
© [original meaning] chastise, punish, disci-
1853-1855
682
i..Гп..Гп
® F F F
R

10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
19	20
ICOMPOUNDSl

О suspend, be suspended (in midair), hang
(over), overhang
kensui suspension, pendency; chinning
exercises
kengai overhanging cliff
0 pending, unsettled, unresolved
ken'an pending question [problem]
О occupy the mind, be anxious
kenen anxiety, concern, fear
0 stake, risk
(C isshokenmeini for life, with all
one's might
© offer [set] a prize
® Ж kensho prize competition; prize, reward
[KUN]
[kakeru
О stake (one's life), risk
inochigakede at the risk of one's
life
0 offer [set] a prize
Жshdkinоkakeru offer a prize
[kakaru
О be susPENDed in midair (as of the moon),
hang
Я	-b Tsuki ga sora ni kakaru
The moon hangs in the sky
0 have a prize offered, have a reward (set on
one's head)
Hannin no kubi ni shdkin ga kakatte
iru There is a reward on the criminal's
head
[HOMOPHONES]
kakeru
M SET =^0361
LAY ACROSS =>1638
ffi DRIVE =>1185
JgX =>®1605
Й SOAR =>0918
kakaru
S set =>0361
LAY ACROSS =>1638
Ш CONNECT =>0073
ЙХ =>®2902
Sx =>®2619
16-е в
— 2
•tiHE
1856
H2-16-6
► RAID
SHO oso(u)
*	Joyo	S22-6-16	K2917
145	C1133	®2917	U8972
..p.Г.F.F.F.F..F.F.
F* F&F&FtFlFl i
19	20	21	22
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 raid, make a surprise attack on, assault,
invade
© raid, surprise attack
абЯЖ shugeki raid, attack, assault
raishQ attack, invasion, raid
ЖО kyushu raid, surprise attack
kushu air raid
pfS! kishu surprise attack
ЙЁ® gyakushu counterattack
[KUN]
[osou Й d ] raid, attack, invade
osoikakaru assault, pounce
upon, sweep down on (a person)
feE 81О shiro о osou raid a fort
683
1856
о 1-1
3
□
ENCLOSURE
S 2?
► SWORD
ТО katana Щ tachi
► POSSESSIVE PARTICLE
NAI DAI no sunawa(chi)
Ц] osamu
1857
03-1-1
7J	Jdyd-2	S2-2-0	K3765
18	D1674	02926	U5200
1858
□ 3-1-1
) 4	Names	S2-1-1	K3921
	D1705	02927	U4E43
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [also suffix] [original meaning] (single-edged)
sword, blade, cutting tool
token sword
71	tosh in sword blade
71 meito excellent blade, famous sword
feJJ tanto dagger
ЖЙ171 chdkokutd graver, chisel
H Ф71 nihonto Japanese sword
[kun]
[katana JU J sword, blade
katcmakaji sword smith
Ф71 kogatana pocketknife
ISPECIAL READINGS]
7^71 tachi long sword
1771 shinai bamboo sword
$lT JJ A kamisori razor
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф otherwise
AH naishi from...to..., between...and...;
or
[kun]
[no 7Ь J POSSESSIVE PARTICLE
H 7b hinomaru Rising Sun flag
[sunawachi 7b
G thereupon, whereupon, accordingly
0 and then
a IS A Й7b A	tatakaeba sunawachi
katsu win every battle (that is fought)
IHOMQPHONESI
no £ POSSESSIVE PARTICLE =>2137
sunawachi IP immediate =>0763
A
1859
□ 3-1-1
► EIGHT
HACHI ya ya(tsu) yat(tsu) yd
A	Joyo-1	S2-2-0	K4012
12	A0045	®3	U516B
1857-1859
684
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
• eight, eighth
A“T hachiju 80
A® hachimen eight faces
AS hakku the eight sufferings (of Bud-
dhism)
RA shakuhachi bamboo flute
IINDEPENDENTl
[hachi A] eight
[kun]
[ya A] [in compounds] many, varied
A®^ yaezakura double flowered cherry
tree
АМЖ yaoya greengrocer; jack-of-all-trades
АЖЙ yaochd rigged affair, fixed game
[yatsu AO] eight
AO W yatsugiri cutting into eight parts;
octavo
AO tc 0 yatsuatari unjustified outburst
of anger
4эАО oyatsu afternoon tea, refreshments
[yattsu AO] eight; eight years old
[yd A] [in compounds] eight
A H yoka eight days; 8th ofthe month
□3-1-1	incorrect classification =^see И4-2-4 at 2113
□3-1-2	incorrect classification =>see 4-3-1 at 2124
► BLADE
JIN ha
1860
□ 3-1-2
	Joyo	S3-2-1	K3147
18	D1815	®2929	U5203
7	77	я
15Q
----------------------------------------------3
© (weapon for cutting) blade, sword, dagger,
knife
S hakujin drawn sword
[X[^J kyojin assassin's dagger [knife]
heijin sword
[kun]
[ha ] blade, edge
hamono edged tool, cutlery; sword
hasaki edge of a blade
E incorrect classification
=>see  4-4-1 at 2144
□ 3-1-3
► OFFICIATE
SHI HI tsukasa tsutomu osamu
1861	□	Jdyd-4	S5-3-2	K2742
□3-1-4	30	B0636	®2931	U53F8
П=]П^5]
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] officiate, administer, take
charge of, manage
AIS; shiho administration of justice
Al HI shisho librarian
AIS shisai Catholic priest, rabbi
A® shichoku administration of justice; judi-
cial authorities
shireikan commander
Ъ shikaisuru preside at, take the
chair, officiate; emcee (a show)
0 [also suffix] officiator, officer, official, admin-
istrator
±A joshi superior officer; superior
fTAI gyoji sumo umpire
0 used phonetically for shi
i^FAl sushi sushi (raw fish and vinegared rice)
incorrect classification
=>see D3-3-3: A at 1929
□3-1-5
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (part for cutting) blade,
edge
685
1860-1861
□ 1-7
u 1862
— ПЗ-1-7
► STRAIGHT
► FIX
CHOKU JIKI ЛКАЖ tada(chini)
nao(su) -nao(su) nao(ru) nao(ki)
su(gu)A Ц] nao tada tadashi
sunao masa ma
§	Joyo-2	S8-5-3	K3630
109	A0238	02932	U76F4
-—	-4-	Г	fr			it
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] (unbent) straight
© (upright) straight, vertical, perpendicular,
right
a ЙШ chokusen straight line
ЙЙ< chokkyu straight ball [pitch]
ЙзЙ'Тchokushin suru go straight on
ЙЖЙ chokkakko straight descent, schuss
[MS chokkei diameter
ЙШМ"Ъ chokushisuru look in the face,
look straight at
ЙЙ kochoku stiffness, rigidity
b HiL'TS chokuritsu suru stand erect
[upright], rise perpendicularly
ЙЯ chokkaku right angle
ИЙ<7) suichokuno vertical, perpendicular
00 straight away, immediately
© [also prefix] direct, personal
а ЙШ chokugo immediately after
chokuto prompt answer; direct answer
Й^ jiki to direct answer
Й'/л£ chokuryu direct current
ЙЖ chokutsu direct communication
[service]; through service [traffic]
Й® chokkan intuition
ЙЙ9 chokuzen ni just [immediately] be-
fore
H^J chokuretsu elec (in) series
ЙЖ chokkan intuition
b Й&ё'М^Е) chokketsu suru connect directly
with
chokumen suru face, confront
HBR chokuyaku literal translation
ЙИкГ chokuyu simile
ЙВ jikihitsu autograph, one's own hand-
writing
ИЙоА chokuyunyu direct import
[importation]
0 STRAiGHiforward, straight, upright, honest
1EHZ£ shojikina honest, upright, frank
ЖЙ^£ jitchokuna upright, honest, steady
rSHft guchokuna honest to a fault, stu-
pidly honest
Х1Й shichoku administration of justice; judi-
cial authorities
[INDEPENDENT!
[jiki Й] at once, soon
Й	jikini at once, soon, on the spot; easily
[jika ni H J directly, at first hand; person-
ally
[KUN]
[tadachini ЙИ at once, immediately
tadachini henji suru re-
play immediately
[naosu ЙТ]
О fix, repair, mend, set right
ЙЬЙ naoshimono mending, thing to be
mended
Л^/^^ЙТ panku о naosu fix a flat tire
0 correct, rectify, remedy, reform, cure (a bad
habit)
О £HT ayamari о naosu correct an
error
ЙМ" gyogi о naosu mend one's
manners
©0 alter, change
© convert
0 render, translate
a PvTleJSlJ О	jikanwari о naosu alter
the schedule
b + □	л|\ > H* (С ЙМ~ kiro о pondo ni
naosu convert kilograms to pounds
с БФрд^ЙТ nihongo ni naosu render
into Japanese
[-naosu J verbal suffix indicating repeti-
tion: do over again
yarinaosu do over again
(гсГЙМ’ kakinaosu rewrite
ИЙТ omoinaosu reconsider, think bet-
ter of
О Й L yarinaoshi doing over again, redo-
ing
[naoru И-S]
О be Fixed, be mended, be repaired
1862
686
2-1 □
Й naoranai irreparable, beyond re-
pair
О be corrected, be reformed, be cured (of a
bad habit)
ЖЙ?Д^Й<Ь akuheki да naoru get over a
bad habit
© be restored, return to normal
{ФЙ 0 nakanaori reconciliation
Й^Й-Ь tachinaoru regain one's footing,
recover; (of the market) improve
[naoki Й gT ] elegant straight, upright,
honest
ЖЙ& sunaona docile, obedient; honest,
frank
[sugu Й < ] at once, immediately, directly;
soon; easily, readily; just, right
Жов<" massuguni dead straight; hon-
estly
IHOMOPHONESI
naosu in GOVERN =>0250
naoru Йл GOVERN =>0250
□3-1-12
incorrect classification
^>see Я2-5-8: и at 1671
1863
□3-2-1
SHAKU
SHAKU
	Joyo	S3-2-1	K2859
20	D3576	®2933	U52FA
' 'J'y)
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 shaku: former unit of capacity equiv. to
approx. 0.018 liters or 1 /10 of a go (□*)
isshaku 1 shaku
incorrect stroke-count
=>see ПЗ-1-1: at 1858
□ 3-2-1
ж kA BIT OF
SUN
1864	4	Jdyo-6	S3-3-0	K3203
□ 3-2-1	41	D1727	Ш935	U5BF8
3
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (of small amount) A bit of, very little, small,
brief
0 (of small size) a bit of, very little, small
sunzen ni immediately before
\tW sunji a moment, a minute
b \f* ©J sungeki skit, short play
sunbyd thumbnail [brief] sketch
sundan suru cut into pieces
[shreds]
4
T
r
u
0 sun, (Japanese) inch: unit of length equiv. to
approx. 3.03 cm or 1/10 of a shaku (R)
— \|* nisun 2 sun
© measurement, measure, dimensions, length,
size
\|*?i sunpd measurements, size; plan
Ж \f* gensun full [actual] size
Ш saisun taking measurements
[SPECIAL READINGS]
—‘ \f*A chotto just a moment; just a little, a bit;
[in negative constructions] easily, readily
1865
□ 3-2-1
► TEN THOUSAND
MAN BAN Ц] kazu
Joyo-2	S3-1-2	K4392
A0099	®2936	U4E07
	7.И
1...2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О TENTHOUSAND
mannen 10,000 years, eternity
71— man’ichi (=man'itsu) if by any chance
ichiman 10,000
©0 myriad, multitude, many
©all
banzai Banzai!/Hurrah!/Long live...!
687
1863-1865
3

л
U
ь ТУ [U bankoku all nations
ЛЙ manbyo all kinds of diseases
banzenno perfect, infallible, abso-
lutely secure
Tift banno omnipotence
7? Ж banji all things, everything
7j Л bannin (=banjin) all people
© used phonetically for man
7j§IgT manbiki shoplifting; shoplifter
IINDEPENDENTl
[man Jj] TEN THOUSAND
1866
□ 3-2-1
► COMMONPLACE
BON HAN [£] nami tsune oshi
JI	Joyd	S3-2-1	K4362
16	D1755	®2938	U51E1
ТЖя
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [also prefix] commonplace, mediocre, ordi-
nary, common
НЖZ£ bon'yo na commonplace, mediocre,
banal
ЛЖ bonsai mediocrity, ordinary ability;
(man of) mediocrity, man of no genius
JLA bonpu (=bonbu) ordinary man;
Buddhism common mortal
/LA bonjin (man of) mediocrity, ordinary
person
JL{£ bonzoku mediocrity, commonplace-
ness; (man of) mediocrity, ordinary
person
JL 37 V И* bonfurai easy fly (in baseball)
bonshiai dull game (of baseball)
heibonna common, ordinary, com-
monplace, mediocre
^HZ£ hibonna rare, unique, extraordinary
► MOUNTAIN
SAN yama
1867
□ 3-2-1
LU	Joyd-1	S3-3-0	K2719
46	A0092	®2940	U5C71
ICOMPOUNDSl
O© [original meaning] mountain
© suffix after names of mountains
a ill® sangaku mountains
ШЖ sanmyaku mountain range
§|ll tozan mountain climbing, mountaineer-
ing
Alli kazan volcano
b Willi fujisan Mt. Fuji
© mine
SKlll kozan mine
[KUN]
[yama ill ] mountain, peak; heap, pile;
climax
ill ill yamayama mountains; very much
Sill iwayama rocky mountain
bV tomato hitoyama a pile of to-
matoes
|1|Ш yamaba climax, turning point
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ill Ж dashi festival car, float
incorrect stroke-count
jGbXi ^>see □ 3-3-2: Д at 1916
□ 3-2-2
		► STOP —SHI to(maru) -do(mari) to(meru) -to(meru) -do(me) ya(meru)A
ya(mu)A Ц] tome todomu
1868
□ 3-2-2
It
77
Jdyd-2	S4-4-0	K2763
A0299	02941	U6B62
I I I ]_ J_
1	2	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSl
O© (cease moving) stop, come to a standstill,
halt; stop over
© (motionless) still, quiet
а 1ЬЙ shishuku lodging
teishisuru stop, stand still; sus-
pend, put to an end
tKlhiseishisuru stand still, come to a
standstill
1866-1868
688
b	mokushisuru keep quiet; take no
measures
00 (cease acting) stop, cease, discontinue
0 cause to stop, arrest, discontinue, sus-
pend
a Mlt shiishi termination, cessation
^ib kyushi pause, standstill, dormancy; rest
b lblfrL'3"Ъ shiketsusuru stop [arrest] bleed-
ing
ФлЬ'Т'Ь chushisuru suspend, stop, discon-
tinue
haishisuru abolish, abandon, dis-
continue
© stop an action from occurring, check, deter,
dissuade
Й11Ь1Г-?) yokushisuru deter, check, hold
back
soshisuru obstruct, check, hinder
SltT-S seishisuru control, check, stop (a
person) from (doing)
^lb kinshi prohibition, forbiddance, ban
Bjlb boshi prevention, check
йГ.1ЬТ& kanshisuru dissuade
[KUN]
[tomaru ib^&J
00 come to a stop, stop, halt
0 (of vehicles) roll to a stop, stop (at a sta-
tion)
a it 0 tomari stop, stoppage; end
lb О Ж tomarigi perch, roost; footrail
XL % it	tachidomaru stop, halt, stand
still
b SR it Ъ eki ni tomaru stop at a station
0 (cease acting) stop, cease; be suspended, be
interrupted
fT cT it	0 ikidomari dead end, blind alley,
cul-de-sac
[-domari -it £ 0 ] [suffix] stop, stopping,
last stop
дп J11 it	0 shinagawadomari train whose
last stop is Shinagawa Station
[tomeru lb^6<6]
O0 (arrest motion) stop, bring to a standstill,
arrest
0 (bring a vehicle to a temporary halt) stop (a
bus or train), bring to a halt, brake
a H?£/lt Ъ yobitomeru stop, call to stop
2-2 □
-------------------------------------------4
S t lb & uketomeru stop, catch; receive
b Ж it $6 Ъ kuruma о tomeru bring a car to
a halt
0 (cause an action to cease) stop (an engine),
turn off; arrest, stop, hold
tomedo naku endlessly, cease- |
lessly
# X lb <5 gasu о tomeru turn off the '
z- gaS	T
Шт1ЬФ tsUkddome suspension of traffic
'/Й Libkeshitomeru put out, extin-	/
guish	j-“
00 stop an action from occurring, check,
arrest	/
0 stop a person from doing, dissuade
a JtHlb^-?) kuitomeru check, hold back
b	Litsashitomeru	prohibit, forbid;	। J
suspend (a paper)	[ |
□ it %) kuchidome suru forbid to men-
tion, hush up	L
[-tomeru -itkill
Jtlt^'b itomeru shoot to death; win, ac-
quire
lb$)<5 tsukitomeru ascertain, run to
the ground
[-dome -lb 1 device for STOPping, stopper
Ж1ЬЙ> kurumadome bumping post,
bumper
Hflt&b hadome drag, pallet; brake
0 lb$ suberidome tire chains; creepers;
taking the entrance examination to a
university as a safety measure in case
one fails at other universities
[yameru lb£)^>]
O0 stop (performing an action), cease,
discontinue
0 give up, abandon, quit
a ft Ж it Й) Ъ shigoto о yameru stop
[leave off] work
b lb<5 yameninaru be discontinued,
be given up
® 1ЬЙ>-Ь toriyameru cancel, call off
tabako оyameru give up
smoking
0 abolish, do away with
[yamu ibtl]
00 stop, cease, come to an end
0 abate, die away
689
1868
□ 2-2
Э ———;----------;-----------------------------
э	A/Zl Arashiдаyanda The storm has
calmed down
0 (cannot) help
4	yamuоenai unavoidable,
cannot be helped
I . ISPECIAL READINGS]
j- Й£1ЬШ hatoba wharf, quay
IHOMOPHONESI
tomaru
® KEEP =>1646
Й STAY OVERNIGHT =>0246
L HALT =>® 139
y- tomari Й stay overnight =^>0246
tomeru
-+ g KEEP =>1646
ГП STAY OVERNIGHT =>0246
HALT =>0139
LI -tomeru & keep =>1646
p -dome KEEP =>1646
yameru
S? WORD =>0922
Й DISMISS =>02617
yamu Ex =>03377
1869
□ 3-2-2
► COUNTER
HAN HON TAN so(ru) so(rasu)
Ц] sori
	Jdyb-3	S4-2-2	K4031
29	A0213	02945	U53CD
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 counter, oppose, go against
0 act contrary to (the rule), act against,
violate, infringe
0 rebel, revolt
а Sj£f'1T<5 hantaisuru oppose, object (to)
StfL hanko resistance, opposition, defiance
S 1=1 hanmoku antagonism, hostility, feud
SWJ hansoku violation of rules, infringement,
foul
S^ hankan ill feeling, antipathy
b	ihan suru violate (the law), in-
fringe; act contrary to
WS”^"-?) haihan suru revolt, rebel; go
against, violate
c SSL hanran rebellion, revolt
S31 hangyaku revolt, rebellion, mutiny
^®S rihan estrangement, alienation, deser-
tion
RS muhon rebellion, revolt, treason
0 [also prefix] counter, counter-, anti-, oppo-
site, reverse, inverse
S^'T'b hanpatsusuru repulse, repel; rally;
oppose
Sim hanron counterargument, refutation
SI? hangeki counterattack
SS] hando backlash, recoil, reaction
SWc hansen antiwar
S* hanbei anti-America
S 0 hannichi anti-Japanese
S^ hanraku reactionary fall (in stock prices)
StL'PO hanpirei inverse proportion
SBCW hanseif и anti-government
SfHffl hansayd reaction
0 return in the original direction, reflect, be
reflected; react
S)S hanno reaction, response
SW hankyo echo, reverberation; response,
repercussions
SIL hansha reflection
SStW hanshateki reflective, reflexive
SW hansei reflection, introspection
[INDEPENDENT!
[hansuru S^~<5] oppose, be opposed to,
go against; act contrary to (the rule), act
against, violate, infringe
|KUN|
[soru S <5 J V7 bend, curve, warp, lean back-
wards
SO sori curve, bend, warp; disposition,
natural inclination
[sorasu S 6*TJ vtbend (backward), curve,
warp
S b karada о sorasu bend oneself
backward
J® & S 6*3" типе о sorasu throw out one's
chest, be puffed up with pride
IHOMOPHONESI
sorasu Й LET SUP =>®3120
1869
690
► MISFORTUNE
YAKU
1870	Г	Joyo	S4-2-2	K4481
□3-2-2	27	D2209	®2947	U5384
ICOMPOUNDSl
• misfortune, trouble, evil, ill luck
JbI^ W* yakuyoke warding off evil fortune;
talisman against evils
Jb H yakubi unlucky day, critical day
JB^ yakudoshi climacteric [critical] age, un-
lucky year
jB^f yakkai trouble, annoyance
AJb taiyaku great misfortune [calamity];
grand climacteric
^<Jb saiyaku calamity, disaster, accident
incorrect classification
=>see И4-4-1 at 2141
□ 3-2-2
	1 1	
► CATTY
KIN
1871	Jt
□ 3-2-2	69
Joyo	S4-4-0	K2252
D3756	@2949	U65A4
			Ft
			
ICOMPOUNDSl
2-2 □
ICOMPOUNDSl	3
O0 courtesy title after family names: Mr.,
Mister	f—,
0 [polite] person
а В0ФК tanakashi Mr. Tanaka
b ЖК boshi a certain person	1—
|ц|Й doshi the said person, he	J
mumeishi anonymous person, a no-
body	/
© family name, surname	J"
shimei (full) name	j—
shiseiseido former naming system
©0 dan, family
Q suffix after names of dans or families
а Ййс shizoku clan, family
b ®К genji the Genji family, the Minamotos П
heishi the Heike [Taira] clan [family], the i i
Heikes
0 suffix for temperature scales	C
ЖК(=Н^К) sesshi (=seshi) centigrade
© he
kareshi he; lover, beau
IINDEPENDENTl
[shi ft] [polite] third person pronoun, he
КОЙЙ shinoiken his opinion
[KUN]
[uji Й] family name, surname
КЖЙ ujisujo (a person's) family back-
ground
[-uji -J5J honorific courtesy title: Mr.
Katouji Mr. Kato
© CATTY, kin: unit of weight equiv. to 600 g or
160 mommeft)
)tS kinryo weight
7^ Jt pan sangin three catties of bread
1873
□3-2-2
	PC
	
► FRIEND
YO tomo
У	Jdyd-2	S4-2-2	K4507
29	B0631	®2952	U53CB
1872	ft
□3-2-2	83
► COURTESY TITLE
► FAMILY NAME
SHI uji -uji
Jdyd-4	S4-4-0	K2765
A0121	®2951	U6C0F
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
			
			^^4
0 friend, comrade
© be FRIENDS with
oSA yujin friend
S?IW yujo friendship, fellowship
691
1870-1873
□ 2 2
•э ----------------------------------------------
shin'yu close [intimate] friend
hoyu friend, companion
губуй comrade, colleague, fellow
worker
WcS sen'yu comrade-in-arms
[ b уйкб friendship, amity
p [KUN]
[tomo Й] friend, companion, pal
ЖЙ1 tomodachi friend, companion
f- ФТЖОЖ chikuba no tomo childhood friend,
old playmate
IHOMOPHONESI
tomo
I OFFER =>0066
JOINT =>1551
П ЯЯ COMRADE =>0593
u
c
1874
□3-2-2
► DIPPER
► TO
TO
68
Joyo	S4-4-0	K3745
D1956	02953	U6597
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] dipper, ladle
© the Big dipper
а rdto funnel ("dipper for leaking")
b	hokuto shichisei the Big Dipper
0 TO: unit of capacity equiv. to approx. 18
liters or 10 sho (Я*), used esp. for sake or rice
toshu a to of sake, big supply of sake
Д- nito 2 to
1875
□ 3-2-2
► CIRCLE
► YEN
EN maru(i) maru Щ tsubura
madoka mado
П	Joyo-1	S4-2-2	K1763
13д	A0060	02955	U5186
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 CIRCLE
0 [also prefix] circular, round
а НЖ1 enshu circumference
daenkei ellipse
doshin'en concentric circles
b НЖ entaku round table
enban disk; flying saucer
enkidd circular orbit
0 rounded out, whole, complete; smooth
enmanna perfect, harmonious, well-
rounded
enkatsuna smooth, harmonious
enjuku maturity, perfection
© [also prefix and suffix] yen, ¥
H Ж enka yen currency
Hi® endaka appreciation of the yen
НЙ en'yasu low yen rate, depreciation of
the yen
ensoba yen exchange rate
31ЖН gohyakuen 500 yen
[INDEPENDENT!
[en HJ circle; yen
en о egaku draw a circle
НОКЖ en no toki rise of the yen
[KUN]
[marui НИ] (shaped like a circle) circular,
round
marusa roundness
FH <	Tiffi Ъ maruku wa ni natte
odoru dance in a circle
[maru HJ circle
H 7? Й tV maru de kakomu enclose (a word)
with a circle
IHOMOPHONESI
marui A ROUND =>2134
maru
A ROUND =>2134
ox =>®3342
► MOON
► MONTH
GETSU GATSU tsuki
1876	Я	Joyo-1	S4-4-0	K2378
□ 3-2-2	74	A0021	02956	U6708
J	Л	1Л	я
1874-1876
692
22 □
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] moon
Я gekko moonlight, moonshine
Я Sff getsumen lunar surface
Я Йр getsurei moon's age
Я it gesshoku lunar eclipse
Йп Я mangetsu full moon
©0 MONTH
© suffix after names of the months
0 MONTH ly
аЯЭ gappi date
Я Ж getsumatsu end of the month
^Я kongetsu this month
Ж Я raigetsu next month
—ffl] Я nikagetsu two months
IE Я shogatsu New Year, New Year's day;
January
4^Я0 seinengappi date of birth
b — Я nigatsu February
с ЯЙ geppu monthly installments
Я деккуй monthly pay [salary]
ЯА10 gekkanno published monthly
О Monday
Я BS( H) getsuyo(bi) Monday
Я zKsfe gessuikin Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays
IINDEPENDENTl
[getsu Я J Monday
[KUN]
[tsuki Я]
О MOON
Я tsukiyo moonlit night
Я JRL tsukimi о suru view the moon,
enjoy the moonlight
n 0 Я mikazuki new moon
© MONTH
Я 0 tsukihi time, days
Я tsukihajime ni in the beginning of
the month
ЙЯ maitsuki every month
^Я toshitsuki time, years
I SPECIAL READINGS]
S Я Ж samidare early summer rain
1877	u
□ 3-2-2	17
► BAD LUCK
► ATROCIOUS
KYO
Joyo	S4-2-2	K2207
D1613	02961	U51F6
3
7 X uL	12^4	г
....1..2..."'"З...«...	T
ICOMPOUNDSl	7
O0 bad luck, misfortune, calamity	Г
0 unlucky, bad, disastrous
a cf И kikkyo good or ill luck, fortune
b 1Х1Ж kyoji calamity, misfortune	'
И kyoho bad news
kyohen calamity, disaster; tragic acci-
dent	I J
00 atrocious, ferocious, wicked, brutal,	LJ
cruel	[—
0 atrocious [lethal] crime, murder,
wicked deed
a kyoakuna atrocious, villainous,
fiendish
Иkyobona atrocious, ferocious, brutal
kyokan villain, ruffian, assailant
ИЕг кубкб violence, murder, crime
b [2^t§ kyoki murder [dangerous] weapon
[XW kyojin assassin's dagger [knife]
1878
□3-2-2
► COUNTER FOR ANIMALS
HITSU hiki
Joyo	S4-2-2	K4104
C1522	®2962	U5339
2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 match, be a match for
hittekisuru match, rival
[KUN]
[hiki и COUNTER FOR ANIMALS
EE [ZE inu gohiki five dogs
|&[E suhiki several animals
IHOMOPHONES]
hiki JEX =>03480
693
1877-1878
► DISTRICT
► WARD
KU
□3-2-3
incorrect stroke-count
=>see ПЗ-З-З: at 1929
i_ 1879	c
I 03-2-2	23
Jdyd-3	S4-2-2	K2272
A0142	02963	U533A
——		X	К
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] district, zone, region, area,
section
КШ kuiki zone, area; limits
КПЯ kukan section, territory
ЙЁК chiku district, area, region, lot
WK капки district (under jurisdiction); par-
ish
gakku school district [area]
senkyoku electoral district, precinct
kin гудки game preserve, wildlife
sanctuary
00 (major subdivision of a city, esp. in Japan)
ward, municipal [urban] district, bor-
ough
0 suffix after names of wards or municipal
districts
a KtSBf kuyakusho ward office
К J6 kucho ward headman, borough mayor
K1L0 kuritsuno established by the ward
kukai ward assembly
b shinjukuku Shinjuku Ward
A — Ж К kuinzuku Queens Borough
00 [original meaning] divide into sections,
partition
0 divided, in little pieces
a	kubunsuru divide, section, subdi-
vide
kubetsusuru distinguish; classify,
divide
b KW-S kugiru punctuate, mark off by a
comma
IINDEPENDENTl
[ku K] WARD
kunozaisei ward finances
1880	
03-2-3	20
► WRAP
► ENCOMPASS
HO tsutsu(mu) Щ tsutsumi капе
Jdyd-4	S5-2-3	K4281
C1112	02966	U5305
7	/7	A?	^7	a
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 wrap, pack, envelop, cover
0 WRAP(per), package, parcel
a SSS hosd wrapping, packing
konpd packing, crating, package
b Qffi hdtai bandage, dressing
00 (hold within) encompass, include, envelop,
contain; include hidden meanings, imply
0 [original meaning] (surround with) encom-
pass, surround, encircle
а	hogan suru include, encompass,
cover; imply
SWT-Ь hoyosuru encompass, compre-
hend; imply; tolerate
hozosuru contain, comprehend;
imply; cherish
|^]S naihd connotation, intention, compre-
hension
b hokatsuteki inclusive, comprehen-
sive
hdisuru surround, encircle, en-
velop
0 kitchen
ST hdchd kitchen knife, carving knife
[KUN]
[tsutsumu StP] wrap, pack
tsutsumi bundle, wrapper, package,
parcel
tsutsumikomu wrap up
tsutsumigami wrapping paper
TS kozutsumi parcel, package
Г
Г
п
U
с
I—|	incorrect stroke-count
I—=>see □ 3-3-2: EL at 1924
□ 3-2-2
1879-1880
694
2-3 □
1881
□3-2-3
► PHRASE
► HAIKU
KU
□	Joyo-5	S5-3-2	K2271
30	C1053	02967	U53E5
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix]
0 phrase, expression, set phrase
0 gram (sentence subdivision) phrase, clause
a In goku words and phrases
топки phrase, expression; complaint
fitkan'ydku idiom, common phrase
b kutoten punctuation marks
0 haiku, 17-syllable poem
kukai gathering of haiku
kushu collection of haiku poems
haiku haiku
hokku haiku, hokku
[INDEPENDENT!
[ku ] phrase, set phrase; clause
'frj W Ъ ku о kiru punctuate a sentence
pj
1882
□3-2-3
► -ABLE
► APPROVE
KA HJyoshi
□	Jdyd-5	S5-3-2	K1836
30	A0370	©2969	U53EF
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also prefix] -able, -ible, possible, can
kandna possible, potential, practical
kadono movable
kaydsei solubility
рТШЗОЖ kashikosen visible ray
kanenbutsu combustibles,
(in)flammable materials
fukakaina incomprehensible, in-
explicable, baffling
0 [original meaning] approve, be in favor of,
permit
pjft: kaketsu approval [adoption] of a bill
pJS kahi right or wrong, propriety	$
W kyokasuru permit, approve,
authorize
pJ ninka approval, authorization, permis-
sion
© be worthy of	/-j
р11Йх karen na cute, sweet, pretty; tiny
pJSV^ kawaii dear, darling,charming, lovely, J
sweet	j—
pJft^-Ь kawaigaru love, make a pet of,
treat with affection; caress	7~
kawairashii lovely, charming, r~
cute, sweet	7
PJ-RtSZi kawaisdna poor, pitiable, pa-
thetic	j—.
1883
□3-2-3
► PRESSURE
ATSU
± 32	Joyo-5 S5-3-2	K1621
	B0721	02970 U5727
-'FFF.F
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSI
О ©PRESSURE
0 [original meaning] apply PRESSURE, press
down
a zKff suiatsu water pressure
ЖЕЕ kiatsu atmospheric [air] pressure
ketsuatsu blood pressure
ШЕЕ den'atsu voltage, electric pressure
b ЕЕЛ atsuryoku pressure
ЕЕЙ§'7Г<6 asshukusuru compress, constrict
ЕЕй'Т'Ь assakusuru press, compress
ЕЕЙ* assai crushing
0 pressure, bring pressure to bear on, press,
suppress
ЕЕ1ЙТ<5 appakusuru press, oppress, pres-
sure
EhfM assei oppression, coercion
ЙЕЕ'З"^) yokuatsusuru oppress, repress,
suppress
dan'atsusuru oppress, suppress
© overwhelming
EEffiJ'T'b attosuru overwhelm, overpower,
crush
EEJ§ assho overwhelming victory
695
1881-1883
□ 2-3
5	аккап the best part, masterpiece
[NOTE]
, ★do not confuse with ЕЁ feudal village =>1933
1884
□ 3-2-3
► STONE
SEKI SHAKU KOKU ishi Щ shi iwa
iso akira
5	Joyo-1	S5-5-0	K3248
112	A0312	®2971	U77F3
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
|-| • [also suffix] [original meaning] stone, rock
л sekizd stone statue
sekitan coal
sekken soap
45ЙЙ sekiyu petroleum, oil
Тз S ganseki rock
hoseki gem,jewel
jishaku magnet; compass
dairiseki marble
[KUN]
[ishi Б] [also suffix] stone, small rock, pebble
S Z <6 ishikoro piece of stone, pebble
ishiatama hard head, obstinate person
/.h5 koishi pebble, stone
dodaiishi foundation stone, corner-
stone
1885
03-2-3
► EXPEL
SEKI
ff	Joyo	S5-4-1	K3245
69	D2101	®2972	U65A5
г л/тбг
ICOMPOUNDSl
• expel, repel, reject, exclude
/тЛ sekiryoku repulsion, repulsive force
haisekisuru expel, reject, exclude,
ostracize
1886
□ 3-2-3
► CLOTH
► SPREAD
FU nuno
Ф	Joyo-5	S5-3-2	K4159
50	B0981	®2973	U5E03
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] cloth, textile
^фх fukin dishcloth, napkin
mofu blanket
^^7 menpu cotton cloth
fHW saifu purse, wallet
© (distribute over a surface) spread, lay out,
apply
tofusuru apply (an ointment)
sanpu (=sappu) suru scatter,
sprinkle, spray
haifu wide distribution
bUffi hanpu distribution, circulation
© (become or cause to become widely known)
spread, disseminate, distribute
fukokusuru proclaim, declare
fukyo propagation, missionary work
'ftiTj’ furei official notice, proclamation, an-
nouncement
kofusuru promulgate, proclaim
rufusuru circulate, disseminate,
spread
0 cattail, reed mace
'ftjffl futon futon, bedquilt
[KUN]
[пиПО CLOTH
nunoji cloth
asanuno hemp cloth, linen
[SPECIAL READINGS]
wakame wakame (kind of seaweed)
1887
□3-2-3
► LEFT
SA hidari Щ suke
Joyo-1	55-3-2	K2624
B0612	®2974	U5DE6
1884-1887
696
2-3 □
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] left
A A sahd leftside
"T sasetsu suru turn to the left
ЙЕ pE saki undermentioned (statement), fol-
lowing
ЙЕЙ& sayu right and left
sayu suru command, dominate,
control
© the left, leftist
ЙЖ saha left wing, left faction
АЖ sayoku left wing [flank]; left wing
[faction]; left field
© low rank
sasen relegation, demotion
0 used phonetically for sa or sha
saydnara goodbye, farewell
[KUN]
[hidari fc] left; left hand
fefflO hidarigawa leftside
ЙЕф hidarite lefthand
ЙЕ[и] gT hidarimuki turning to the left
gT hidarikiki left-handedness; left-
hander; drinker, wine lover
1888
□ 3-2-3
► RIGHT
U YU migi Щ suke
□	Jdyd-1	S5-3-2	K1706
30	B0551	02975	U53F3
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] right
A®f usetsu right turn
'&ЙЁЙЕЙЁ'7ГЕ5 udsadsuru go this way and
that
ugan right bank
tEStj sayu right and left
zayQ ni at one's (right) hand; by one's
side
© the right, right wing
uha rightwing
АЖ uyoku right wing; right field kyokuu extreme right [KUN]	3
[migi SI [also prefix] right	Д	
Й&4Й1 migigawa (=usoku) right side	A-r
migite righthand	J
—	Л
incorrect stroke-count	
1 J	=>see ПЗ-2-4: A at 1894	г
□3-2-3	T
| | I ► EMPLOY	г
► THINGS TO DO	у-
/II YO mochi(iru)	гл
1889 ffl Jdyd-2 S5-5-0 K4549	1 J
□ 3-2-3	101 | AP117 1 02976 U7528	
)	л	л	ч	1Ж
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 employ, use, make use of, utilize, apply
© [also suffix] used for, for
ydisuru prepare, ready oneself,
make arrangements
yoga terminology; diction, wording; vo-
cabulary
yoto use, service, application
ffl ЙЕ yohd usage, directions for use, use
yojin care; caution
yojinbukai careful; cautious;
watchful
ЭДЯЭ riyo suru utilize, make use of, avail
oneself of
Ъ shiyo suru use, employ, apply
saiyo adoption, acceptance; employ-
ment, appointment
tekiyo application
Ъ un'yd suru make use of; invest in;
apply to
b ЖДЖ joyosha passenger car, automobile
kateiyd for domestic use
henshin'yd for reply
© employ (a person), engage
A ydnin steward, manager
Жkayo employment, hire
©0 be useful, be effective, work
© use, usefulness, utility
697
1888-1889
□ 2-4
3 a fPffl sayd action, operation, function; effect
fgffl shin'yd trust, credit, confidence
3®ffl кдуб use, usefulness, effect
b 2®ffl 0 muyd no useless; unnecessary; for-
bidden
Wfflfe уйубпа useful, serviceable
I 0 things to do, business, task, errand
' “	ffl Ж yoji things to do, errand, business, en-
Aj	gagement
ffl ft yoken matter (of business), things to be
/	done
J"	ffl wk yodan business talk
ffl S L yotashi taking care of business, run-
r ning an errand; relieving oneself
|—|	0f ffl shoyo things to do, errand, business,
engagement
M £tffl кбуб official business [duty], official mis-
sion; public use
L- ®xffl shiyo private business; private use
0 needed for (a specific use), required
fflffi yoshi blank form, stationery
ffl ЙЁ yochi land, lot, site
ffl Д yogu tool, instrument, appliance; outfit
'f'fflZi fuyona unnecessary, useless; disused,
waste
Affl пуйуб need, demand, necessity
^Kfflnn gakkoyohin school requisites
[supplies]
0 expenses, expenditures
It ffl hiyo expenses, outlay
[independent!
[yd ffl]
О things to do, business, task, errand
ffl Ъ уб ga aru have things to do
0 use, usefulness, utility
ffl 19 yoni tarinai be useless, be of
no use
[KUN]
[mochiiru ffl employ, use, make use
of, utilize, apply
< ffl hirokumochiiru be in wide use
аЛ--	incorrect stroke-count
Xi	=>see □ 3-3-4: К at 1938
□3-2-4
etc.
incorrect stroke-count
=>see □ 3-3-4: i_ at 1939
□ 3-2-4
1890
□ 3-2-4
► RISING SUN
KYOKU asahi Щ aki akira teru
noboru
a	Names	S6-4-2	K1616
72	Cl 179	®2977	U65ED
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] rising sun, morning sun
Ж 0 kyokujitsu rising sun
Ж 0 Ж kyokujitsusho Order of the Rising
Sun
ffiyt kyokko rays of the morning [rising] sun
|KUN|
[asahi ffi] rising sun, morning sun; rays of
the morning sun
IHOMOPHONESI
asahi $10 =>1114,1915
1891
□3-2-4
► TEN-DAY PERIOD
JUN SHUN*
0	Joyo	S6-4-2	K2960
72	B0865	®2978	U65EC
7
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] ten-day period
iCJ 0 junjitsu ten-day period
'Rffl junkan published every ten days
junpd ten-day report
jojun first ten days of a month
Ф'Й chujun middle [second] ten days of a
month
[independent!
[shun iaj ] season (for specific products), the
best season (for sports)
"Й0®ч shun no sakana fish in season
1890-1891
698
1892
□3-2-4
► ASH
KAI hai
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
Jdyd-6	S6-4-2	K1905
D1709	02979	U7070
2	3	4	5	6
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] ash, ashes
0 ASHen, gray, grayish
а kaijin ashes, ashes and cinder
kaibun ash content
ЖЕк jukai dense ash
b UK Sfi kaihakushoku ash color, light gray
[KUN]
[hai Mashcs
Ek HE haizara ashtray
EkfeO haiirono ashen, gray
^E0Ek shinohai lethal radioactive fallout,
atomic dust
У — УЕк sodabai soda ash
ill Ek kazanbai volcano ashes
1893
□ 3-2-4
► EMPRESS
КО Щ mi
□ 30	Jdyd-6 S6-3-3	K2501
	C1590 02981 U540E
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 (wife of an emperor) empress, queen
/ИЙ kohi queen consort, empress, queen
Ж/Н kogo empress, queen
kotaiko empress dowager, queen
mother
&
1894
03-2-4
► EXIST
SON ZON IS ari
1895	I	Joyo-3	S6-4-2	K4513
□3-2-4	74	A0308	02983	U6709
ICOMPOUNDSI
Jdyd-6	S6-3-3	K3424
B0604	@2982	U5B58
O0 [also prefix] have, possess, own, retain
2-4 □
— 3
O0 (have actuality) exist, be	J_
0 (have life) exist, live, remain alive
a sonzai existence, being
sonpi existence; life or death
4?^ sonzoku continuation, maintenance	/-t
& t sonbo destiny; life or death
kydzon coexistence	Г
ftl? izon (=ison) dependence, reliance	j-“
kisonno existing
§11? 0 genzon (=genson) no existing, living
%> zanson (=zanzon) suru survive,
subsist, be extant
^4? jitsuzon existence
b Ъ seizon suru exist, live, survive
0 keep, preserve, maintain
Ъ hozon suru preserve, conserve,
maintain, store, keep
0 hold an opinion, believe, think
zongai contrary to one's expectations;
beyond expectation
zonbun ni to one's heart's content,
freely
fjfj? shozon one's opinion [view], intention
Si? izon objection
[INDEPENDENT]
[zonjiru (=zonzuru)
[humble] think, believe; know, be aware of, be
acquainted with
4эТЕМ 0Ж 1? G Ogenki no koto
tozonjimasu I trust you are in good
health
gozonji your knowledge; your ac-
quaintance
П
Д
c
.Ж kHAVE
YU U a(ru) ID ari
699
1892-1895
2-4
© having the characteristic [property] of
a	yusan-kaikyu propertied
[proprietary] classes, bourgeoisie
yuigina significant, useful,
worthwhile
МГЖ1#^ yushikakusha eligible person,
qualified person
shoyusuru have, own, possess
hoyii possession, maintenance
b yubona promising, hopeful
yugaina harmful, pernicious, nox-
ious
МГЭД/Х yurina advantageous, favorable;
profitable
ydmei na famous, noted, celebrated;
notorious
уйкдпа effective, valid
уйгуокипа powerful, influential
МГЙ10 уйдеппо limited;finite
Mf^0 уйгудпо fee-charging, pay, toll
0 exist, be, be present
WM umu existence, presence; yes or no
S,Mf0 gen'yuno present, existing
IINDEPENDENTl
[yiisuru WT<5] have, possess, own
[KUN]
[aru
О be, exist, be present, there is
Mf 0 IM arisama condition, state of affairs;
sight
W О Ж *5 arigato thank you
arigatai welcome, appreciated;
precious
Mf 0 0fflT 0 arinomama no as it is, plain,
bare
Mf О о‘Ъ’&0 ariawaseno available, in
[on] hand
Mf Mtlfc arifureta common, run-of-the-
mill, trite
Я 9 U—	Tsuki ni wa
kureta ga aru There are craters on the
moon
0 have, possess, own
MT 0 arigane money on hand, ready cash
ЛМГ Ъ Kanojo ni wa
kodomo ga futari aru She has two chil-
dren
© have the experience of doing something
V V IZfr O ТсЖ^'МГ Furansu ni
itta koto ga aru ka Have you ever been
to France?
0 (have a magnitude of) number, cover, weigh,
measure
Й0ВШ^И¥^/- b Ano
nojo wa nihyaku heihometoru aru
That farm covers 200 sq. meters
0 happen, occur, take place
O Zt Jiko ga atta There was an
accident
0^ 0	О Zl Kind kaigi ga atta The
conference was held yesterday
IHOMQPHONESI
aru BE =>1896
1896
□ 3-2-4
► BE
ZAI a(ru) ® ari
±	Jdyd-5	S6-3-3	K2663
32	A0261	©2984	U5728
О [also prefix] [original meaning] (exist in a specified
place) be at [in], be situated in, be sited
ffiЖ zaiko stock, stockpile
zaigakusuru be in school
zaiko suru be in school
'b zaitakusuru be in, be at home
ЙЕЖЖ zaitokyo situated in Tokyo
Я'Й: fuzai absence
ЯтЙ shozai whereabouts, position, situation
00 reside [live] temporarily, stay
© [prefix] resident in
a 0 0 zainichino (staying) in Japan
ft^$0 zaigaino overseas
zaijusuru live, reside, dwell
йЖФ zaibeichu while resident in America
zairyusuru reside, stay, be resi-
dent
ЙЙ chuzai residence, stay
taizai stay, sojourn
b	>^A zaiberurin hojin Japanese
(resident) in Berlin
0 (exist in actuality) be, exist
1896
700
2-4 □
I^ft0 genzaino present time, now; present
tense; actually
ftft'3"<5 sonzaisuru exist, be
Sft^ jizaini freely, unrestrictedly, at will
$ift jitsuzai real [actual] existence, entity
[KUN]
[aru ft <5 ] (exist in a specified place) be at [in],
be situated in, be sited
Ш 0 Jt IC ф ft Ъ Tsukue no ue ni hon ga
aru There is a book on the desk
IHOMOPHONESI
aru ft HAVE =>1895
1897
□ 3-2-4
► SAME
DO ona(ji)
□	Jdyo-2	S6-3-3	K3817
30	A0027	®2987	U540C
I ПППЙЯ
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix]
0 same, similar, equal
0 (the one previously mentioned) the same (as
above), the said, the aforementioned
a |Й|— doitsu sameness, identity
|rHM0 ddydno similar
|rJ£F doko similar tastes
IftJJm. domei alliance, league, union
|r|® ddhd brothers; brethren, fellow coun-
trymen
|n]3§^ dosdkai alumni association
Ir® doi consent, approval
IrJ^bO doonno of the same sound, homo-
phonous
IrJeFIp ddongo homophone, homonym
IrI^ doto equality
IrIKD ddki same period
|r]± dojo as above, ditto
IrH40 doseino ofthe same sex
IrI^IJ doretsu same rank
b IrJ H dojitsu the same day, the said day
IrI JE£ doshi the said person, he
IrJSI dokoku the same country, the said
country
IWMx ddiinkai the same committee
00 together, in common
0 come together, gather
a IrIE’^*'?) ddkyosuru live together
IrPIW dojo sympathy, compassion
|^Й"Т<Е) ddfusuru enclose (in a letter)
ЖГ dosei cohabitation, living together
IrI kyddd suru work together, coop-
erate
IrI ichidd all (of us), all persons concerned
b £□ IrI gddo combination, unionjoint, merger;
congruence
[KUN]
[onaji |s| C ] same, identical, similar
IrI C < onajiku in the same way, similarly
IrIUIM^ onajiyd ni in the same way
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-4-2: ft at 2042
□ 3-2-4
1898
□3-2-4
5_
Л
Г
г
Г
П
Д
c
► CALM
na(gu) nagi HE nagisa
7L 16	Names	S6-2-4	K3868
	D3425	®2988.5	U51EA
[KUN]
[nagu Д <"] (ofthe wind) become calm, calm
down, abate, drop
МД^'Ж <' Kaze да пади The wind drops
[nagi И] (ofthe wind) calm, lull
З7 Ж yunagi evening calm
► RECTIFY
KYO Ц] masa tada tadashi tadasu
masashi kuni
1899
□ 3-2-4
c	Names	S6-2-4	K2209
22	D2026	®2989	U5321
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 rectify, correct, reform
kydseisuru reform (bad customs)
701
1897-1899
5_ 1900
; ПЗ-2-4
22
	"Z—L"			f-	Th	E
► CRAFTSMAN
SHO takumiv
Joyo	S6-2-4	K3002
D1724	®2990	U5320
► MEDICINE
► DOCTOR
I
c	Jdyd-3	S7-2-5	K1669
23л	A0458	®2993	U533B
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 (skilled workman) craftsman, artisan,
workman
G (master of an art) craftsman, master, artist
a IE kosho artisan, mechanic
E meisho skilled craftsman
b ЙРЕ shisho master, teacher
HE kyosho great master, maestro
C IHOMOPHONESI
takumi Pj skillful =>0137
П
П
□ 3-2-5
incorrect stroke-count
=>see 03-3-5: jL at 1952
iZBifietc.
incorrect stroke-count
=>see □ 3-3-5: L at 1953
□ 3-2-5
1901
□ 3-2-5
► THE DRAGON
SHIN tatsu yoshi toki nobu
noburu
	Names	S7-7-0	K3504
161	D1645	®2992	U8FB0
[kun]
[tatsu J§] fifth sign of the Oriental zodiac: the
DRAGON
Й 0	tatsu no toshi the year of the Dragon
HE 0 tatsu no koku the fifth hour, 8 a.m.;
the Hour of the Dragon
[homophones]
tatSU Ж DRAGON =>1332
1902
□3-2-5
IcompoundsI
О medicine, medical science, art of healing
ЕЖ ido art of medicine
E^C idai medical college
E'ffc^ ikagaku medical chemistry
j£E^ hoigaku legal medicine
0 [also suffix] doctor, physician
ESfi ishi doctor, physician, surgeon
ЕЯ] ikyoku medical staff room, medical of-
fice
ЖЕ JOi veterinarian
^E joi woman doctor
shikai dentist
© cure
E^ igaku medical science, medicine
ЕШ iryo medical treatment [care]
E< isha doctor
E^ iyaku medicine, drug; medical practice
and dispensary
ЕЖпп iyakuhin pharmaceuticals, medicines
ЕЙ Hn clinic
□3-2-6
□ 3-2-6
□ 3-2-6
► PERIPHERY
SHU mawa(ri) Ц] chika makoto
этапе капе su nori
incorrect stroke-count
=>see □ 3-3-6: at 1965
etc.
incorrect stroke-count
=>see □ 3-3-6:L_ at 1966
incorrect stroke-count
=>see □ 3-2-7: C at 1905
1903
□З-2-б
□	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K2894
30	B0637	®2998	U5468
1900-1903
702
J ЖПМИ
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О periphery, circumference, perimeter
Ж ffl s/ш/ circumference, periphery; sur-
roundings
ЖШ shuhen environs, outskirts; circumfer-
ence
Ж0 shukai circumference, girth, surround-
ings
РЭЖ enshO circumference
ШЖ shishQ circumference, periphery
©0 circuit, cycle, circle
0 counter for circuits or laps
О circuit, circle, go round
а Ж Ж shuha cycle
ФЖ hanshO semicircle, hemicycle
b НЖ sanshO three rounds [laps]
isshO suru make a round, circuit;
sail round, revolve
сЖЙ shOki period, cycle
ЖЙ1 shuyO (circular) tour, pleasure [round]
trip
[KUN]
[mawari Ж 0 ] periphery, surroundings,
circumference
Ж О0Л mawari no hito surrounding peo-
ple
(J) Ж ty chi куй no mawari circumfer-
ence of the earth; space around the
earth
IHOMOPHONESI
mawari
[hJ turn round =>1937
W =>®3089
Й	k ► PICTURE ► DRAW UP A PLAN GA KAKU				
					
1904		ffl	Joyo-2	S8-5-3	K1872
□3-2-6		102	A0209	®3000	U753B
i n ffi	:]®]|
..i....2....3....4... 5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also suffix] picture, drawing, painting
0 draw, paint
27 □
--------------------------------------------3
0 abbrev. of eiga: film, movie, motion **
PICTURE
G (television) field
а ИЖ garo picture gallery
ИЖ Ж gaydshi drawing paper
kaiga pictures, paintings, drawings	Ж
Й1® manga cartoon, comic strip	r—
^n® meiga famous picture, masterpiece;
noted film
0&® eiga cinema, film, movie	। i
НФ® nihonga picture in the Japanese style
b И Ж gaka artist, painter
c J¥® yoga foreign film; Western painting
ЭД® hoga Japanese film [movie]; Japanese
painting
d ®® gamen picture; television field; screen
0 [original meaning] mark off, draw a line,
demarcate, partition
®XIMZ£ kakkitekina epoch-making, ep-
ochal
®—kakuitsuteki na uniform, stan-
dardized
[А®ФЪ kukakusuru divide, draw a line,
mark off
00 draw up a plan, plan, design
0 plan
о®ЖТ& kakusakusuru plan, scheme
b st® keikaku plan, project
jfe® kikaku plan, project
^® sankaku participation in planning
0 stroke of a Chinese character
®^fc kakusO stroke-count
[independent!
[kakusuru ® Фmark off; plan
2 tS	incorrect stroke-count
121 IS etc- =4>see 03-3-7: i_ at 1975
□3-2-7
1905
□3-2-7
► THICK
► KIND
KO atsu(i) Ц] atsu atsushi
Joyo-5	S9-2-7	K2492
B0725	®3003	U539A
703
1904-1905
□ 27_______________________________________________
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO (great in depth) thick, deep
, 0 thick, rich, plentiful
а Ж31 kohaku (relative) thickness
b 'iHWfe пдкд na thick, dense, heavy, rich
О kind, cordial, hearty, heartfelt, kindhearted,
f- warm
r-i	Ж Ж koi kindness, favor
* Ж1Ш kojo kindness, favor, hospitality
U Жл£ koshi kindness, kind thought [intention]
ь—-	Wifi kogu cordial welcome, kind treatment
onkona gentle, courteous
О make plentiful, enrich
Ж 4. kosei public welfare, health promotion
[kun]
[atsui Ж V ] (great in depth) thick, bulky,
deep
atsusa thickness
Ж$£ atsuita thick board, plank
Ж/^^LV^ atsukamashii unabashed, bra-
zen
WSl'lTЪ atsugisuru be heavily clothed
^ЖИ buatsui bulky, massive
IHOMOPHONESI
atsui ж DEVOTED =>02716
1906
□ 3-2-7
► R/N
RIN
Joyo	S9-2-7	K4650
D1948	®3004	U5398
).Г fi ЯЯ/s fi ЖЖ
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О RIN: former monetary unit equiv. to 1 /1 000
of a yen (Fl)
—ichirin 1 rin
1907
□3-2-7
► SHIELD
JUN tate
	Joyo	S9-5-4	K2966
109	C1483	®3006	U76FE
0 [original meaning] shield
mujun contradiction
mujun suru be contradictory, be at
variance
[kun]
[tate Ж] shield, escutcheon
Ж>§ < tatetsuku oppose, defy, rebel
IHOMOPHONESI
tate Wx =>01016
Д
1908
□ 3-2-7
► WIND
► MANNER
FU FU kaze kaza- .-kaze
в	Jdyd-2	S9-9-0	K4187
182	B0507	®3007	U98A8
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] wind, breeze
ЖЖ fusoku wind velocity
ЖЙЕ fuha wind and waves, rough seas, storm
MTj furyoku forceofthe wind; wind power
o'Ш taifu typhoon
kyofa strong [high] wind
ИЖЖ senpuki electric fan
kisetsufu seasonal wind, periodic
wind
0 (prevailing customs) manners, customs,
tradition
Mfi? fuzoku manners, customs; popular
[public] morals
SW fushu manners and customs
ЖЖ kafu family traditions [customs]
0 [also suffix] (characteristic style) manner, style,
school
SM seifu rectification
yofu Western [foreign] style
kafu style of poetry
0 nihonfu Japanese style
ogaifuni in [after] the manner of
Ogai
0 [also suffix] air, airs, appearance, manner,
1906-1908
704
2-8 □
bearing, atmosphere
Ж$& fuka к и (distinctive) character,
(admirable) appearance; style, race
ЖЖ fusai appearance, air, mien, getup
Ж{$ futei (=futai) appearance, looks; posture
ЖЛЖО gunjinfuno of military bearing
0 elegance, charm, taste
ЖЙ fdrni flavor, taste
ЖЖ fuga elegance, refinement, daintiness
Ж St furyu refined elegance, taste
0 (beautiful) scenery
ЖЖ fukei scenery, landscape, view
Ж$? fubutsu natural objects [features], scen-
ery; scenes and manners
Жт^ fukd (beautiful) scenery, natural beauty
fudoki topography
0 insinuate, hint, satirize
Ж$!1 fushi satire, sarcasm
0 used phonetically for fu
ЖВ furo bath
Ж8Ж furoya bathhouse; public bath
Ж8Ш furoba bathroom
ЖЭтК furoshiki wrapping cloth
IINDEPENDENTl
[fu Ж1
О (characteristic style) manner, style, school
cZ/и^Ж^ konnafuni in this way
0 air, airs, appearance, manner, mien, bear-
ing, atmosphere
erasonafu air of importance
0 type, kind
^.АЛЖ&^Й konna fu na mono things of
this kind
[KUN]
[kaze Ж, kaza- Ж-J wind, breeze, draft,
current
ЖЖ kazaguruma (=fusha) windmill; pin-
wheel
Ж[и] gT kazamuki wind direction
Ж±0 kazakamino windward, upwind
Ж S 0 V kazeatariga tsuyoi be wind-
swept; receive harsh treatment
4ЬЖ kitakaze north wind
АЖ kamikaze providential [divine] wind;
suicide plane, kamikaze
^скЖ soyokaze gentle breeze, soft wind
[-kaze -Ж] [suffix] air, airs
senpaikaze о fukasu put
on a patronizing air
(SPECIAL READINGS]
Ж5Р kaze (=fiija) (common) cold
Й	► QUIET AND SECLUDED YU			
1909				
	£	Joyo	S9-3-6	K4509
□3-2-7	52	D2114	®3008	U5E7D
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 QUIET AND SECLUDED, deep and remote
Й^ёг уйкоки deep ravine, secluded valley
yujakuna quiet, sequestered
0 deep hidden, profound
ЙЙ& уйдеп na subtle and profound, quiet
and beautiful, occult
0 world ofthe dead, the other world, Hades
ЙШ yurei ghost, apparition
ydkai Hades, realm ofthedead
ЙЙ yuki departed soul, spirit ofthe dead
iS □3-2-8	incorrect stroke-count =>see □ 3-3-9: i_ at 2001
	incorrect stroke-count =>see 03-3-9: at 2008
□3-2-8	
it®	incorrect stroke-count etc =>see □ 3-3-8: at 1990
□3-2-8	
1910
□ 3-2-8
► PLAIN
► ORIGINAL
GEN hara Ц] baru
Jdyd-2	S10-2-8	K2422
A0157	®3009	U539F
705
1909-1910
2-8
IcompoundsI
1911
□3-2-8
► CONCEAL
TOKU
Joyo	510-2-8	K3831
D1879	03011	U533F
О [also suffix] plain, field, plateau
Ж If gen'ya vast plain, wilderness, field
Ж Ж kogen plateau, tableland, heights
ЖЖ sogen grassland, prairie, savannah,
pampas, steppe
ЖЖ heigen plain, prairie
ЖЖ hydgen icefield
М<ПЖ kakogen crater basin
©0 [also prefix] original, primary, primitive
0 in the original state, raw, crude
а Жй gen'in cause, origin
ЖМУ gensoku principle, general rule
Ж^М gensaku original (work)
Ж Ж genshi atom
ЖЖ gen'an original bill [plan]
ЖЙд genshi primitive; primeval
Ж#п1Й)с£ genshitekina primitive, primeval
Ж'Ё genshoku primary color
Ж^ genkoku plaintiff
genhanketsu original decision
[judgment]
ЖШ gensho the original (work)
Ж/S genten starting point, origin
Ж^йЯЙЙЕ депкб-yoshi manuscript paper;
writing pad
b ЖВ genryd raw material
ЖЙ gen'yu crude oil
0 abbrev. of ЖТЛ genshiryoku: atomic
energy
ЖЖ genbaku atomic bomb
[KUN]
[hara Ж] plain, field, plateau
Ж harappa open field, empty lot
if Ж nohara field, plain
Й8Ж unabara sea, ocean
ISPECIAL READINGS]
МЖ kawara dry riverbed, river beach
incorrect classification
тГ 1=1 =>see H2-7-3: Ж at 1751
□ 3-2-8
10
[COMPOUNDS]
0 [original meaning] conceal, hide
tokumei anonymity, incognito, pseudo-
nym
intoku concealment; misprision
hitokusuru hide, conceal
iliSetc.
incorrect stroke-count
=>see D 3-3-9: at 1999
□ 3-2-9
incorrect stroke-count
etc =>see O3-3-10:L_ at 2013
□3-2-10
etc.
etc.
incorrect stroke-count
=>see 03-3-11:L at 2018
□3-2-11
incorrect stroke-count
^see 03-3-12: i_ at 2023
□ 3-2-12
1912
□3-2-12
► CALENDAR
REKI koyomi
a	Joyo	514-4-10	K4681
72	D1804	®3018	U66A6
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [also Suffix] CALENDAR
rekinen calendar year
taiyoreki solar calendar
1911-1912
706
10® kyureki old [lunar] calendar
If® seireki Christian Era, a.d.
1Ш® inreki lunar calendar
[KUN]
[koyomi ®] calendar, almanac
7Ё® hanagoyomi floral calendar
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ® personal history
=>1913
1 r. rt ► PERSONAL HISTORY ) г REK*				
1913	lb	Joyo-4	S14-4-10	K4682
□ 3-2-12	77	B0656	<8)3019	U6B74
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] PERSONAL HISTORY, one's career,
experience, personal record
Й® rireki personal history, career
gakureki academic career
S® keireki personal history
$3® bydreki case history
ЖЯ® taihoreki criminal record
^йиЖ® ichirinshareki one's experience as
a unicyclist
0 pass, elapse, pass through, experience
® rekishi history
®®g rekisen long record of active service
ils® henreki travels, pilgrimage
0 clear, plain, obvious
rekizentaru clear, obvious, plain
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ® calendar =>1912
в
1914
□ 3-2-12
► MALE PHOENIX
HO BU otori EE) tori po
Jfe	Names	S14-11-3	K4317
196	D1753	@3019.5	U9CF3
__________________________________________31 □
ICOMPOUNDSl	3
• male phoenix, mythical Chinese phoenix
hod male and female Chinese phoe-
nixes	j=i
hakuho-jidai name of an archaic
Japanese era
[KUN]	j=^
[otori M]
О large wild bird such as a crane or white stork
0 huge bird such as a mythical Chinese phoe-
nix □
IHOMOPHONESI
otori
К MYTHICAL HUGE BIRD =>0752
Й8 LARGE WILD BIRD ^>0542
jUjs □ 3-2-13	 incorrect stroke-count . =>see 03-3-13: at 2031
□ 3-3-0	incorrect classification =>see И4-3-1 at 2119
R □ 3-3-1	incorrect classification =>see И4-4-1 at 2146
□ 3-3-1	incorrect classification =>see И4-4-1 at 2141
Jt □ 3-3-1	incorrect classification =>see ПЗ-2-2: Г at 1871
□ 3-3-1	incorrect classification ^•seeH 2-2-2: -1- at 1243
incorrect classification
=>see И4-4-4 at 2158
□ 3-3-1
707
1913-1914
□ 3-1
Г 1915
03-3-1
► DAY
► SUN
►JAPAN
NICHI JITSU hi -bi -ka
0	Jdyo-1	S4-4-0	K3892
72	A0001	®3027	U65E5
7-|l in H HI
.......1...2....3	4
ICOMPOUNDSl
□ °® (period of light) day
k л G [also suffix] (24-hour period) day, daily
G counter for days
© suffix for days ofthe month
о H Й nichiya day and night
0 Ф nitchu during the day
b ЕНд nikkyu daily wage
08fc nissu number of days
Elfflpq nichiyohin daily necessities
0 nikkan no published daily
® 0 mainichi every day
0 konnichi today, these days
— 0 ichinichi a day; all day
Ф 0 honjitsu today
Ж 0 heijitsu weekday
Al®0 taiyojitsu solar day
c 0 gojunichi 50 days
d	0 juichigatsu sanjunichi No-
vember 30
G (day on which something occurs) date, day,
anniversary
0 0$ nichiji date, time
Ж 0 kijitsu (fixed) date, due date
0 seinengappi date of birth
Ф0 meinichi anniversary of death
G [original meaning] sun, sunlight
0 nikko sunshine, sunlight
0 nichibotsu sunset
0 it nisshoku solar eclipse
0 Я jitsugetsu sun and moon; time, days,
years
0 rakujitsu setting sun
0 suNday
0 Mt( 0) nichiyo(bi) Sunday
zt 0 donichi Saturday and Sunday, weekend
G JAPAN
0 Ф nihon (=nippon) Japan
0ffi nichigin Bank of Japan
0 Ж nichibei Japan and U.S.
0 Wx nikkan Japan and (South) Korea
0 У nisso Soviet-Japanese, Japanese-Soviet
0 ФЙ nihonshu sake, rice wine
Ж 0 rainichi suru come to Japan
IINDEPENDENTl
[nichi 0] japan; Sunday
[kun]
[hi 0]
О sun, sunlight
0 hinomaru Rising Sun Flag
00$ st hidokei sundial
0 0Ш hi no de sunrise
0 0 A V hinoiri sunset
01Ш hikage the shade
0Je£ hikage sunshine; shadow
0 [nJ hinata sunshine, sunny place
0HEL hizashi rays ofthe sun, sunlight
1Й 0 asahi rising sun, morning sun; rays of
the morning sun
G day, date, time
0 0 hibi daily; days
0 0 hinichi date; number of days
0 hizuke date, dating
0 higoro usually; always
0	0 higawari changing on a daily basis
0 IZ. 0 (3. hini-hini day by day, every day
flit 0 yobi day ofthe week
[-bi - 0 ] [suffix] DAY
Й £ 0 tanjobi birthday
0 kinenbi memorial day, anniversary
0 saishubi the last day
[-ka -0]
0 counter for DAYS
© suffix for days ofthe month
a H 0 ЙЦ mikkamae three days ago
b + Я “E 0 jugatsu toka October 10
ISPECIAL READINGS]
0 kyd today
— 0 tsuitachi 1st ofthe month
ВД 0 asu tomorrow
ВД 0 A ashita tomorrow
0^ 0 kind yesterday
1915
708
IHOMOPHONESI
hi Ш SUN =>0453
asahi
Ж RISINGSUN =>1890
=>1114,1915
tsuitachi
$| FIRST DAY OF THE LUNAR MONTH =>0890
^0 =>2105,1915
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with El =>®3025
► VICINITY
► BORDERLAND
HEN ata(ri) -be Щ nabe
1916		Jdyd-4	S5-3-2	K4253
□3-3-2	162	B0517	03029	U8FBA
"7	77	'77	?77	
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also suffix] (nearby area) vicinity, surround-
ings, neighborhood, environs, outskirts
© (space next to something, as a body of water)
-side
a shuhen environs, outskirts; circumfer-
ence
#12 shinpen one's person, one's immediate
surroundings
kinpen vicinity, neighborhood
kanpen government [official] circles,
official quarters
МжИТ tokyohende inthe vicinity of To-
kyo
b suihen waterside, shore
0 math side
—ippen a side (of a triangle)
—nitdhen-sankakkei equilat-
eral [isosceles] triangle
0 borderland, frontier, remote region, outer
regions, deep rural areas
henchi remote place
henkyo frontier (district), remote region,
border(land)
henpina out-of-the-way, unfre-
quented, remote
[independent!
[hen л221 vicinity, neighborhood, part,
3-2 □
-----------------------------------------------3
locality, quarters
Z. kono hen ni in this neighborhood
<E'0j2 donohen where, whereabout
[KUN]
[atari 0 ]
0 vicinity, neighborhood, surroundings
© [also suffix] (near that place or time) therea- /
bouts, about
ie no atari ni around the house
b	0 issakunen'atari the year before '
last or thereabouts	F=»
[-be -Я]	.
r
О 0 (space next to something) -side, vicinity, '
surroundings
© (space next to a body of water) -side, water- i—
side, bank
a madobede near the window П
michibe roadside	j-j
b umibe seaside, beach, seashore
J11Ш kawabe riverside, edge of a river П
Rs Ш	kishibe ni ashore, on the shore |~|
0 indefinite term referring to a person or
thing	।
Ж Ъ Ш yorube person to depend on, one's
resort
[HOMOPHONES]
atari the PRESENT =>1378
1917
□ 3-3-2
► MOVE INWARD
► EMPHATIC VERBAL SUFFIX
-ko(mu) ko(mu) ko(mi) -ko(mi)
ko(meru)
	Joyo	S5-3-2	K2594
162	A0220	03030	U8FBC
1	2	3
[KUN]
[-komu
O0 [original meaning] move inward, get in,
come in
© cause to move inward, put in, bring in
—used as a verbal suffix to indicate action di-
rected inward
а Ж Ю jit? norikomu board, go on board;
march into
709
1916-1917
□ 3 2
Г
г
г
г
г
с
□
mayoikomu stray [wander] into
WA 0 warikomi breaking into a queue,
wedging oneself in
b	h araikomu pay in, pay up
suikomu inhale, breathe in; suck in
Jrf mochikomu carry [bring] in; pro-
pose, refer to; bring (a matter) to
0 emphatic verbal suffix indicating intense
involvement in an activity (similar to up in
polish up)
BE 0 lity nemurikomu fall asleep
0 iitr damarikomu sink into silence
[komu iitJj be crowded, be congested, be
packed
^<^□"9 komiau be crowded, be packed,
be jammed
hitogomi crowd [throng] (of people)
[komi &<&] inclusiveness
П	Ж 9 komi de kau buy in buIk, buy
the whole lot
[-komi -&<&] [also suffix] including
Л	H zeikomiyonman'en 40,000
|—।	yen, tax included
unchinkomide freight included
[prepaid]
[komeru
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO deal with, dispose of, manage, cope
with, treat
0 deal with (lawbreakers), punish
a Ъ shorisuru manage, deal with,
dispose of; process, treat
shochi disposal, measure, treatment
shohdsen prescription
shobun disposal, measure; punishment
taishosuru cope [deal] with, meet
Ъ zensho suru make the best of
b ® ffll shokei execution, punishment
shobatsu punishment, penalty
0 [original meaning] stay in one's place, stay home,
as: stay home and not get married
shojo virgin, maiden
IHOMOPHONESI
tokoro FJf PLACE =>0568
1919
□3-3-2
► BUDDHIST NUN
NI ama
Joyo	S5-3-2	K3884
D1895	@3033	U5C3C

О [also verbal suffix] put in, coop in, shut up
M 15 tojikomeru shut in [up], lock in
[up]
ijlojiSd-b hikkomeru put [pull, move]
back
0 concentrate on, devote oneself to
'L?	kokoroоkomete with all one's
heart, wholeheartedly
IHOMOPHONESI
komu Mix =>®519
komeru IIх basket =>®2734
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 buddhist nun [priestess], sister
niso nun, sister; (Buddhist) priestess
wjs zenni Zen nun
shuddni nun
[KUN]
[ama Л1] buddhist nun, sister
amadera nunnery, convent
1918
03-3-2
1920
□3-3-2
JI
16A
► DEAL WITH
SHO tokoro*
Jdyo-6	S5-2-3	K2972
B0561	@3031	U51E6
► GOVERNMENT AGENCY
CHO
r	Joyd-6	S5-3-2	K3603
53	A0365	@3034	U5E81
1918-1920
710
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [also suffix] [original meaning] government
agency# government [public] office
/Тез chdsha government building
Ж/T kancho government office [agency]
tochd Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Office
Ж/T kencho prefectural office
1HJ1JT keishichd Metropolitan Police Office
kankyocho Environment Agency
IINDEPENDENTl
[cho Jt J public office
1921
□3-3-2
► WIDE
KO hiro(i) hiro(maru) hiro(meru)
hiro(garu) hiro(geru) Ц) hiro
hiroshi hiromu
Jdyd-2	S5-3-2	K2513
A0240	®3035	U5E83
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф0 [original meaning] (extending over a large
area) wide, broad, vast, extensive, large,
spacious
0 [also prefix] (having great scope) wide,
wide-ranging
a JA^ZX kodaina vast, extensive, grand
koiki wide area
)Aif koya vast plain, prairie
b kokaku wide angle
]АЙ kogi broad sense, broader application
)А«ЙИ kdhan'i wide scope, vast range
0 spread, disseminate
JA® kokoku public notice; advertisement
)A$K koho (public) information, public rela-
tions
[KUN]
[hiroi JA H] wide, broad, vast, extensive,
large, spacious; wide-ranging; generous
JA $ hirosa area, extent
JaJAcLLZl hirobiro to shita spacious, open,
extensive
^JA < tebiroku extensively, widely, on an
extensive scale
_________________________________________3-2 □
Фш)А V habahiroi wide, broad
>L?OJaH kokoro no hiroi broad-minded,
generous
WJA sebiro business suit
[hiromaru Ja^-S J spread, be diffused, be in J—
general circulation, become popular
)A 0 hiromari spread	i=i
JA о Zl Uwasa ga hiromatta A ru-
mor went about [spread]
[hiromeru /аФ<5] spread, disseminate;	r=^
extend, broaden, wiDEn
4э1АЙ> ohirome debut	E*
{AS JA$6<5 bukkyd о hiromeru propa-	J**
gate Buddhism
Й1п^^)АЙ>‘Ь chishiki о hiromeru extend	1
one's knowledge
[hirogaru JaZ^SJv/
0 spread out, stretch, unfold	*
0 expand, extend	П
0 spread, reach, go about	r-.
hirogattaeda spreading
branches
b JA/OW hirogari extent, expanse, stretch,	r—.
spread	*
с	Hi ga moehirogatta
The fire spread
[hirogeru JaH-6] vt
0 spread (out), outstretch
0 unfold, unroll, open
а ЙЁ El JA chizu о hirogeru spread a
map
b JA WfclW hirogeta ude outstretched arms
Ф ^lA -b hon о hirogeru open a book
IHOMQPHONESI
hiromaru disseminate =>0141
hiromeru & disseminate =>0141
hirogaru ENLARGE =>®309
hirogeru tfe enlarge =>®309
incorrect classification
=>see 03-2-3: Г at 1885
□ 3-3-2
711
1921
□ 3 2
L_ 1922
Г 03-3-2
► PEOPLE
MIN tami (D mi hito
ft	Joyb-4	S5-4-1	K4417
83	A0031	®3036	U6C11
г
r
r
г
г
с
□
п
□
п
□
*—>		r		&
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSI
[also suffix]
Ф people, nation, race
© the people, populace, folk, civilians, citizens,
inhabitants
а BE Ж minzoku race, people, nation
BE Ж minshu populace, the people, the
masses
SK kokumin people, nation; the people
ЙЙ senmin chosen people
ь КЯЁ minshu democracy
ВгНЁЗЁЙ minshushugi democracy
RnS min'yd folksong [ballad]
К И minkan private citizens, civilians
BE'S' min'ei private management
ВгЙ; minpd civil law [code]
AS jinmin the people, populace, subjects
ft BE jumin residents, dwellers
ЙЖ shomin common people, the masses
Ж К kenmin citizensofa prefecture
nogyomin the fishing and agrarian
populace
© SKIN (of plants), bark, peel, husk, shell
о ЙЙ hifu skin
ft¥ hikaku leather, hides
ftTSkW' hika-chQsha hypodermic injection
ЙсЙ hiniku cynicism, sarcasm; irony
JKft dappi ecdysis; self-renewal
ьШЙ juhi bark
[KUN]
[kawa ft]
0 skin, hide, pelt; fur; leather
© skin, bark, peel, husk, shell
a ftf$W kawazaifu leather wallet
4^ft gyukawa cowhide, oxhide
ft kegawa fur
IT ft wanigawa crocodile skin [hide]
bMAAОft banana no kawa banana peel
IHOMOPHONESI
kawa Ж leather =>1582
□ 3-3-2
► HUGE
KYO Ц] о б ко nao mi
incorrect classification/
stroke-count
=>see □ 3-2-4: A at 1894
1924
□ 3-3-2
	.	Joyo	S5-2-3	K2180
7*	B0821	®3039	U5DE8
[KUN]
[tami BE] people, nation, race
ruronotami wandering people,
the Jews
1923
□3-3-2
► SKIN
Hl kawa
	Joyb-3	S5-5-0	K4073
107	Cl 126	®3037	U76AE
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] skin (of human beings or
animals), hide, pelt; fur; leather
1	2	3	4	5
[COMPOUNDS]
© (of extraordinary size) huge, enormous, giant,
big, large, great
[=lAZ£ kyodaina huge, gigantic, enormous
kyojin giant; great person
Ж Ж kyosei giant star; great person [star], big
shot
kyozd gigantic elephant
B=LЯЕл kyogan huge rock, crag
kyoshiteki macroscopic, all-inclusive
1922-1924
712
1925
□ 3-3-2
► RICE FIELD
DEN ta
ffl	Joyo-1	S5-5-0	K3736
102	A0065	03041	U7530
1	П	ffl	ffl	ffl
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 RICE FIELD, paddy field
© [original meaning] field, farmland
a ffl ЙВ denpata (=tahata) fields and rice pad-
dies
fflffi denchi land, farm, rice fields
fflf£ densaku rice-field tilling
$£ffl kanden dry rice field
Zkffl suiden paddy field, rice field
b fflU den'en fields and gardens, rural districts
0 (land area yielding or worked for a natural re-
source) field
Й ffl yuden oil field
E^ffl tanden coalfield
[kun]
[ta ffl ] RICE FIELD, paddy field
fflffix. taue rice planting
fflUT tanbo rice field
ffl ffl inada rice field
[SPECIAL READINGS]
ffl "a inaka country, rural district
1926
□3-3-2
► PRISONER
SHU
□	Joyo	S5-3-2	K2892
31	D1827	03042	U56DA
0 [also suffix] prisoner, convict, criminal
ИЛ shujin prisoner, convict
ИЙ shui prison uniform
joshu female convict
Ж И ryoshu captive, prisoner
^ЕЖ1И shikeishu criminal condemned to
death
3-2 □
1ЙЖИ datsugokushu jail-breaker, escaped
prisoner
ТГ	incorrect classification
-Ш-L	^see И4-5-1 at 2164
° 3-3-2________________________________________Г
1927	► EYE ► ITEM MOKU BOKU Ц] sakka			me -me ma-			г r r
□3-3-2	s	Joyo-1			S5-5-0	K4460	F
	109	A0084			03043	U76EE	r+*
1 i: 1’ и ICOMPOUNDSl O0 [original meaning 0 (perform an actioi gaze, glance, ke 0 before one's EY a E Й 0 mokuzen minent W § momoku bli M E jimoku eyes b E	Ъ mokugt			II 5 |] EYE nwith tepan es, rig no be ndnes and e; eki sui		the eyes) look, eye, eye on ht now fore one's eyes, im- s ars; one's attention fu observe, witness,		r c □ П □ n □
see
§ Й1 mokusoku eye measurement
mokureisuru nod, greet
@ кё'ТЪ mokuso suru follow with one's
eyes, gaze after
ЙЕ @ chumoku attention, notice
ichimokurydzen no quite obvi-
ous, as clear as day
c mokka now, at present
0 aim, object, objective
E Ш mokuhyo mark, target, goal, object
§ И mokuteki object, purpose
ЕЙЙ1 mokutekichi destination, goal
00 [also suffix] item, subdivision, subitem,
category
0 counter for items
0 list of items, list, catalog
0 item heading, title, name
а E komoku clause, item, provision
ffl E shumoku item; event (as a race)
E saimoku details, specified items
E kamoku school subject; subdivision,
713
1925-1927
□ 3j2________________________________________
items
daiichimoku item one
c E	mokuroku catalog
4 E	mokuji table of contents
no E hinmoku list of articles [items]
d Й E kyokumoku number; program, selec-
tion (for a concert)
' E meimoku name, title; pretext
IB E daimoku title, heading; theme; prayer
ofthe Nichiren sect
' 0 bearing, attitude
® E menboku (=menmoku) face, honor,
.	prestige
' [KUN]
Г[me g]
[2 О0 EYE; eyesight
|—।	0 looking, seeing, watching
l—l	0 look, stare, expression
П ©point of view
pt a E EE medama eyeball; loss leader (of mer-
chandise)
[~[ E т*с mesaki before one's eyes; near future;
foresight; appearance
I—।	E Ж megusuri eye lotion, eyewash, eyedrops
E Ж $) & mezameru wake (up); come to
one's senses; be awakened
E^fc^LV^ mezamashii striking, remark-
able, phenomenal; marvelous
mezamashi-dokei alarm
clock
Е0Г memai dizziness, giddiness
b E mejirushi mark, sign, landmark
E medo aim, goal; prospects, outlook
— E hitome a look, a glimpse
4э E	omenikakaru [humble] see,
meet; have the honor of seeing
E Ih "T mezasu aim for, have an eye on
c 0 E lE Whinan no me о mukeru
turn a look of reproach
с/^Л©Е^ЬЙ§^ gaijin no me kara
miru to from a foreigner's point of view
00 watchful eye, attention, notice
0 discerning eye, judgment, an eye for
a E	menifureru catch the eye,
attract attention
E^^ meokuramasu blind the
eyes of; deceive
b E М'Э medatsu stand out, be conspicuous
© (linear pattern) texture, weave; grain (of
wood); mesh (of a net)
EOfflH me no arai coarse (texture or
grain)
E amime stitch
*Bg amime meshes (of a net)
0 cross of a go board; territory (in a go game)
0 E aite no me the opponent's terri-
tory
St E dame go cross that does not constitute
a territory; no good, useless; No!
© graduations (of a scale)
E^ 0 memori division, scale, graduations
© weight
E^7 mekata weight
О unclassified compounds
ЕЙ meyasu standard,criterion;aim
ffll E HjSc'S omedeto Congratulations!
[-me -E]
О suffix indicating ordinal numbers or order
S+¥E gojunenme 50th year
E nibanme second
0 adjectival suffix indicating that the quality in
question is slightly greater than normal: rather,
-ish, on the (large) side
® E karume rather light, lighter
J$AEZ£ hikaemena modest, temperate,
reserved
© dividing point, border line
0 E kawarime turning point
Wtl E kireme rift, gap, break; end, pause,
interval
0 degree, extent
of E kikime effect, efficacy
© things (to do), role
E yakume duty, function; role
[ma- E-Jeye
E 0 Zt 0 manoatari ni before one's
eyes; personally; actually
Е1Г mabuta eyelid
IHOMQPHONESI
me
0Й EYE =>0796
5F BUD =>1429
1927
714
33 □
incorrect classification
=>see И4-5-1 at 2173
□3-3-2
► FOUR
SHI yo yo(tsu) yot(tsu) yon
1928
□3-3-2
□	Joyo-1	S5-3-2	K2745
31	A0022	®3044	U56DB
				
l	Г7	Г7		E3
				
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSI
• FOUR
Kft shikaku square, quadrilateral
Щ Я shigatsu April
ESJ shikyu base on balls
shiki the four seasons
shikakui square,four-sided
jushi 14
[INDEPENDENT!
[shi M]four
[kun]
[yo M ] [in compounds] four
Ш Л yonin four people
yoji four o'clock
[yotsu ИО] four; 10 o'clock (in former time
system)
K'S)Я yotsukado street corner, intersection
К H yokka four days; 4th of the month
[yottsu KO] four
BOB yottsume fourth
[yon KJfour
K[U yonkai four times
К I® yonkai 4th floor
► SWIFT
JIN
1929	x_	Joyo	S6-3-3	K3155
□3-3-3	162	D2031	®3046	U8FC5
Til +L ss+CS+C
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
© [original meaning] swift, fast, rapid
jinsokuna swift, rapid
► MAKE THE ROUNDS
JUN megu(ru) megu(ri)
1930	<«	Joyo	S6-3-3	K2968
□3-3-3	47	C1113	®3047	U5DE1
<	«I				
1	2
IcompoundsI
О MAKE THE ROUNDS, patrol, make a round of
inspection, go round
ЖЙ junsa police, patrolman
junshi inspection tour
ЙКЕП junkai round, patrol
jun'ydkan cruiser
Ъ junsatsu suru make a round of in-
spection, patrol
ЖЙЛ junko cruise, cruising
Ъ ichijun suru make a round
© tour around, visit, make a pilgrimage
jungyd provincial tour
junreki tour, trip
junrei pilgrimage; pilgrim
Ж fa junko round, patrol, tour
Ж J? junpai circuit pilgrimage
[KUN]
[meguru Ж <5 J go round, turn round, re-
volve; circulate; tour, visit, make a pilgrimage
Ж6”?~ megurasu enclose (with), surround
(with), encircle
Ж 0 Ф meguriaruku travel around; walk
around
Ж 0	"5 meguriau come across, meet by
chance
[meguri Ж 0 ] going round, circulation
^^Ж ty doddmeguri roll-call vote; going
round and round, vicious circle
jfl 0Ж	chi no meguri circulation of blood
ISPECIAL READINGS]
fa Ж 0	omawarisan policeman

715
1928-1930
□ зз
З7
Г
Г
г
г
п
□
► STYLE
► CEREMONY
SHIKI
1931
□з-з-з
-t	Joyd-3	S6-3-3	K2816
56	A0296	®3049	U5F0F
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 style, type, form, sort, manner
0 (way of doing) style, method, system, way
a tMlt ydshiki mode, manner; style, order
IH it kyiishiki old style, old type
kabushiki stocks, shares
В 1) X it dorisushiki Doric style
(architecture)
ftllt washiki Japanese style
b ^7 hoshiki formula, mode; method
®ftit denddshiki electric, electrically oper-
ated
hebonshikiromaji
Hepburn romanization system
0 [also suffix] ceremony, rite, rituals, celebra-
tion, exercises
itft shikiten ceremony
{it it gishiki ceremony, rite, ritual
<^it kyoshiki holding a ceremony
t^lt soshiki funeral ceremony
it kekkonshiki wedding ceremony
^^it sotsugyoshiki graduation ceremony
0 form, prescribed regulation, model, law,
standard
fl^it keishiki form, model, formality
jEit^ seishikini formally, regularly
0§lt<Z) ryakushikino informal, summary
0 [also suffix] formula, expression
koshiki formula; formality
Sit hoteishiki equation
^Jllt murishiki irrational expression
<L^lt kagakushiki chemical formula
[INDEPENDENT!
[shiki it]
O0 style, type, form, sort, manner
0 (way of doing) style, method, system, way
a ...©SIC .. .no shiki ni after the fashion
[manner] of
ta no shiki noju another type
of gun
b ...	^7 ...toittashikino
yarikata a method in the style of...
0 ceremony, rite, ritual, celebration, exer-
cises
it^^l'f^) shiki о ageru hold a ceremony
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Bt TWO =>2038
□ 3-3-3	incorrect classification =>see B2-3-3: 37 at 1371
□3-3-3	incorrect classification =>see H2-3-3: 37 at 1372
► EXHAUST
JIN tsu(kusu) -tsu(kusu)
-zu(kushi) tsu(kiru) tsu(kasu)
1932	г	Joyo	S6-3-3	K3152
□ 3-3-3	44л	C1296	®3050	U5C3D
...i....2....3....4.... s"	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 exhaust, use up completely, finish
0 be EXHAUSTed, come to an end
tojinsuru squander, dissipate
rifujinna unreasonable, unjust,
absurd
daijin millionaire, magnate; seeker of
riotous pleasures; last day of 31-day
month
b mujin inexhaustibility; mutual financing
association
mujinzo inexhaustible supply
0 use [exhaust] all one's strength (in the
performance of one's duties), make utmost
efforts, exert oneself
jinryoku efforts, assistance
fujin Yours sincerely
[KUN]
[tsukusu ® < T] use [exhaust] all one's
strength (in the performance of one's duties),
make utmost efforts, exert oneself
1931-1932
716
3-3 □
L kokorozukushi kindness, consid-
eration, solicitude
jftiS	saizen о tsukusu do some-
thing to the best of one's ability, do
one's best
shudan о tsukusu leave no
stone unturned, try everything
jinrui no tame ni
tsukusu render a service to humanity
[-tsukusu	[verbal suffix]
0 exhaust, use up completely
0 do to the utmost
а	tabetsukusu eat up
Ж < ’J* iitsukusu tell all, exhaust a sub-
ject
b L J?X X shitsukusu do everything possible,
exhaust
[-zukushi -S < L] [also suffix] full enumera-
tion of
BJ^X I/ kunizukushi enumeration ofthe
names of countries
[tsukiru ® of be EXHAUSTed, be used up,
be consumed; come to an end, terminate
tsukihateru be exhausted
Shokuгуд ga tsukita The
provisions have run out
tsukinai inexhaustible, everlasting
[tsukasu	run out of, use up
aiso о tsukasu run out of pa-
tience, be disgusted with, fall out of love
1933
□ 3-3-3
► FEUDAL VILLAGE
SHO SO [Ц masa
г	Names	S6-3-3	K3017
53	C1495	03051	U5E84
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 feudal farm village, hamlet or district in
Edo period that used to be a manor until the
end of Muromachi period
shdya village headman
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with EE pressure =>1883
□3-3-3
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-2-4: Г at 1893
incorrect classification
=>seeH 2-2-4: at 1270
□3-3-3
incorrect classification
1HT =>see □ 3-2-4: X at 1894
□3-3-3
[B]
1934
□3-3-3
► TURN TOWARD
KO mu(ku) mu(ki) -mu(ki)
mu(keru) -mu(ke) mu(kau)
mu(kd) mu(kd)- Ц] mukai
□	Jbyo-3	S6-3-3	K2494
30	A0193	03052	U5411
-t
г
r
r
г
rT
□
/	lz	
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 TURN TOWARD, face, look toward
0 turn (one's heart or mind) to
0 (meet face to face) face, confront
a [p] H tt kdjitsusei disposition (in flowers) to
turn toward the sun, heliotropism
b IrJJEjL? kdjdshin ambition, aspiration
[в]^£? kogakushin desirefor learning, intel-
lectual appetite
c [r]* kdkan facing the winter
й[в)Ш taikosha car (running) on the oppo-
site lane
0 head toward, go toward, proceed to
[в|>С?Й koshinryoku central force, centripe-
tal force
Hj [в)Х<Б shukko suru proceed to, leave for,
be temporarily transferred to
X[p]X<5 gekd suru go away from the capi-
tal, go down (to a province)
0 direction, orientation
>?7[r] hoko direction, bearing; course
S[r] tenkd turn, conversion, about-face
JbIkIX-?) shikosuru point to
SfR] fuko direction ofthe wind
(Ц[в] hen кд deviation, deflection
0 tendency, inclination, turn
Ж[р] keiкд tendency, trend; disposition
717
1933-1934
□ зз___________________________________________
ЖЙ ikd intention, inclination
5h[p] doko trend, tendency, movement
r	ttfn] seiko inclination, disposition
,	ffiL] shuko idea, contrivance, plan
[KUN]
[muku [nJ < ] v/face, front, look upon; turn
^7 toward, look toward; tend toward, be in-
dined to
'	41 X Гр] V	kita ni muita mado window
to the north
±|р] <C uwamuku look upward; turn upward,
'	rise
< un да тики be in luck's way
.	kigamukanai benot in-
1	dined (to do)
p] [muki (nJ gT] direction, turn
Ж 0 [в] gS kaze no muki direction of the
wind
[-muki -[p] effacing toward
tfj|o] gT X maemukini facing forward; posi-
tively, constructively
[mukeru |r] Vt<5] vtturn toward, look
toward; point at, aim at, direct
# [p] W’-Ь se о mukeru turn one's back on,
pretend not to see
{P|pJ aomukeru turn up (one's face)
[p| Vt bXXlXЖ wareware ni
mukerareta hinan criticism leveled
against us
[-muke -|p] Vt J [suffix] (bound) for, meant for
HO Л |p] VtO kokunaimuke no for domestic
use
[mukau [p]□ J viface, front, look upon;
confront, oppose; head toward, go toward,
proceed to; near, approach
[p]Z^0 mukai opposite side
|p]О XX IC mukatte hidarini on the left
as one faces (it)
mukaikaze head wind, adverse
wind
Й'Ё>[р]^'5 tachimukau stand against;
head for
,J:|n]^TV^ .. .nimukatte iru be
going (toward), be headed (for)
samusa ni mukau to as
winter approaches
[muko [r] Z □ ] the other side, the opposite
direction; the other party; opponent; abroad,
overseas; beyond, across; destination
[nJ L Z) ffi!l mukogawa other side
|p] Z О 'fr Ь X Ъ muko kara kuru come
from the opposite direction
fp] L Z) V * Muko да warui He is in the
wrong
|r] Z Z) X 0 LX muko nimawashite in
opposition to
[p] Z Z) X'H bX muko de kurasu live over-
seas
[o] Z □}Z	V * 1Z b muko ni tsuitara when
you get to the destination
[muko- [p] Z □-] [prefix] (days) to come,
coming, next
[o] Z L X В FsJ muko-tokakan for the next
ten days
1935
□3-3-3
► BODY
DAN TON
□	Joyo-5	S6-3-3	K3536
31	A0198	®3053	U56E3
i ппжа
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also suffix] (collective group) body, corps,
group, party
© gather in one body, form a group
a dantai group, party, body, corps; corpo-
ration, organization
fflfi dancho leader [head] ofa body [party]
Sl5£ danko collective bargaining
ЖЕЯ shudan group, body, mass, crowd
ichidan body, group, party, troupe
ЖИ seidan star cluster
SDtffl kankodan sightseeing party
ЛХЙ gaikodan diplomatic corps [body]
BI |p] ffl komondan advisory body
b НЙ1 danchi (public) housing development
danketsu unity, union, solidarity
0 (organized entity) bod , corporation, organi-
zation, association
kodan public corporation
@Jffl gekidan dramatic company, theatrical
troupe
1935
718
33 □
I® ffl shidan army division
ft ffl shadan corporation, association
lYffl zaidan foundation, consortium, en-
dowment; syndicate
Ж ffl gundan army corps, corps
^ИЙ(=^й^ ffl ft	o' й) keidanren
(=keizai dantai rengokai) Federation
of Economic Organizations
© [original meaning] round
ft" ffl futon futon, bedquilt
► CAUSE
IN yo(ru)
1936
□ 3-3-3
□	Joyo-5	86-3-3	K1688
31	B0748	©3054	U56E0
iпаям
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 cause, reason, origin, factor
© Buddhism direct cause, connection, relation,
affinity
a fflЖ inga cause and effect; karma
ffl ft inshi math factor
fflS; insQ math factor
shiin cause of death
ЖЙ gen'in cause, origin
Uffl ydin primary factor, main cause
b ffl/Ш innen karma, fate; direct and indirect
causes; connection, affinity; pretext; ori-
gin
[KUN]
[yoru И Ъ ] be CAUSEd by, be due to
ffl %)	kaze niyoru hatsunetsu
fever caused by a cold
IHOMOPHONESI
yoru
Й REASON =>®3499
ft DEPEND ON =>®84
% GROUNDS =><8)312
W CONTRIBUTE =>1473
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ffl be in trouble =>1950
1937
□ 3-3-3
► TURN ROUND
► TIME
KAI E mawa(ru) -mawa(ru)
-mawa(ri) mawa(su) -mawa(su)
mawa(shi)- -mawa(shi) Ц] meguri
□	Joyo-2	S6-3-3	K1883
31	A0062	©3055	U56DE
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
00 [original meaning] turn round, revolve,
rotate, circulate
© go round, make the rounds; circulate,
make a circular tour
a ffllfcft-Ь kaitensuru revolve, rotate, turn
Кffl tenkai turning over; revolution, rotation
ffiffl senkai revolution, rotation, circling,
swiveling
b ffl§£ kaishin make a round ofvisits (to one's
patients)
ffl^S kairo (electric) circuit
fflKT-?) kairansuru circulate, send round
J^fflft<5 junkaisuru go round, make the
rounds, patrol
$fxfflTr<5 haikai suru loiter, wander about
00 turn back, return, come round
© turn (something) back, return, reply,
bring back
a ffltS kaifuku recovery, restoration; rehabilita-
tion
fflffi kaiki revolution, recurrence, regression
ffl^t kaiki death anniversary
fflfnJ eko Buddhist memorial service
Ira ffl rinne Buddhism transmigration of souls,
samsara
b ffl^ kaito reply, answer
ffl^Rft-b kaishusuru collect, recover; with-
draw
fflft kaishin (=eshin) conversion
ffi^fflft^ tekkaisuru withdraw, retract
0 turn one's thoughts back to, look back,
retrospect
ffl® kaisd recollection, reminiscence
ffl HI ftЪ kaiko suru look back on, retro-
spect
00 [also suffix] time; round, game; inning

719
1936-1937
□ 3-4
5_
Г
Г
и
г
□
© counter for number of times, rounds or
innings
a 0^ kaisu frequency, number of times
0^^ kaisQken book of tickets
^0 konkai this time; lately
Ж^0 saishukai last time; last inning
b Ж0 hyakkai 100 times
A[U> hachikaiura second half of the
eighth inning
[KUN]
[mawaru @*6]
O0 turn round, revolve, rotate
0 go round, circulate, make a round
О detour, go round (to)
a 0 0 mawari rotation; detour; close sur-
roundings; spreading (of flames); effi-
cacy
0 0 Йй mawaributai rotative stage
b<03 mimawaru make one's rounds
c 0 0 Ж mawarimichi roundabout [long] way,
detour
0 swing over to, come round to, be trans-
ferred
ЙЙ 0 Ъ hantai nimawaru go into op-
position
[-mawaru -0 -£> ] [verbal suffix] about, around,
to and fro
Ф cT 0 Ъ arukimawaru walk about, walk to
and fro, pace around
Ж 0 Ъ tobimawaru fly a bout, jump
about, rush around
Ж0 Ъ demawaru appear on the market, be
moving
[-mawari -0 Ю ] [also suffix]
O0 indicates direction of turning
0 counter for rounds
a Bvfnt0 ^90 tokeimawari no clockwise
If 0 0 nishimawari west circuit
b£0O mimawari three rounds
0 a size (larger or smaller)
—0 ty	hitomawari chiisa na a size
smaller
© via, by way of
0 V T'a Ж S	< oshumawari
de gasshukoku e iku go to the U.S. via
Europe
[mawasu 0T1 turn (round), rotate
komao mawasu spin a top
[-mawasu -0T] [emphatic verbal suffix]
about, around
дВИ0'3~ oimawasu chase about, follow
about
0 0*5" norimawasu drive about, ride
around
Ж И 0L iimawashi expression, manner
[turn] of expression
ЙГ 0^ kakimawasu stir (up); ransack,
throw into confusion
[mawashi- 0 L-] by turns, alternately
0 mawashinomi drinking in turn
from one cup
0 l/nft^ mawashiyomi reading a bookin
turn
[-mawashi -0 L ] turning, rotating
fcC0 L nejimawashi screwdriver
IHOMQPHONESI
mawaru =>®3089
mawari
=>®3089
Я PERIPHERY =>1903
mawasu £®x =>®3089
1938
□ 3-3-4
► COURT
TEI
	Joyo	S7-3-4	K3678
54	C1366	03058	U5EF7
— 4-
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] court of law
ЙЛ7? teinaide in the court
HIS. hdtei law court
kaitei opening of a court, trial
shuttei appearance in court
kdhantei court, public trial court
© court, Imperial Court
teishin court official
chotei Imperial Court
ЖЙ kyQtei the Court, the Palace
[note]
★do not confuse with EXTEND =>1952
1938
720
1939
□ 3-3-4
► WELCOME
GEI muka(eru) [Ц mukae
	Joyo	S7-3-4	K2362
162	B0714	®3059	U8FCE
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 welcome, greet, receive
© [original meaning] go (out) to meet, meet face
to face
a jfflW geihin welcoming guests
ЖЙП'Т'б kangeisuru welcome
sdgeisuru welcome and send off
ь ИЖ geigeki interception, counter
[KUN]
[mukaeru jfflЛ&] welcome, greet, receive,
play host; meet, go out to meet; invite, call,
send for; meet (an occasion)
ЙЛ mukae meeting; person sent to pick up
an arrival
ЙВА.Й mukaezake another drink in the
morning
mukaeireru receive (a person),
usher
JUSSI'S» mukaeutsu fight the attack of an
enemy
ж
1940
□ 3-3-4
► RETURN
HEN kae(su) -kae(su) kae(ru)
-kae(ru) Ц) kaeri
162	Jdyd-3	S7-3-4	K4254
	A0482	03060	U8FD4
| r				
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
О return, give back, send back, repay
Ж® henkan return, restoration, repayment
Ж-Ь'З"Ъ henjosuru return, send back
Жпп henpin returning goods; returned goods,
article sent back
Жз^'ТЪ hensosuru send back, return
ЖЙ henkyaku return
ЖзЗг henkin repayment
3-4 □
0 reply, answer
Ж fll henshin reply, answer
ЖЖ henji answer, reply
ЖЖ henden reply telegram
Ж^§- hentd reply, answer
[KUN]
[kaesu ЖТ]
0 return, send back, put back, give back,
repay
© return (a kindness), repay
а4оЖ1> okaeshi return present; answer,
reply; revenge; change (for money)
b ® Ж L ongaeshi repaying another's kind-
ness
[-kaesu -ЖТ] [verbal suffix]
О do over, redo, re-
Ш 0 Ж~<Г kurikaesu repeat, do over again
иЙЭ'Ж'Т yomikaesu reread, read again
00 do back, do in return
© take back, recover
a ft Ж L shikaeshi doing over, tit for tat, re-
venge
ИНЖТ iikaesu talk back, retort
b IX 0 Ж'Т torikaesu take back, regain
? I of Ж*1~ hikikaesu turn back, retrace one's
steps
© turn over, overturn, reverse
ГЛо	hikkurikaesu turn over, upset
ШЖ^" uragaesu turn over, turn inside out
[kaeru Ж <5 J be restored to, return to (the
original state)
Ж К gT kaerizaki second bloom; a come-
back (in business)
Ш 0 Ж <5 furikaeru turn one's head, turn
round
^аГЖ-Ь ikikaeru revive, come to oneself;
be restored to life
[-kaeru -Ж <5 J [emphatic verbal suffix] utterly,
completely
0 Ж Ъ shizumarikaeru become still as
death
akirekaeru be utterly amazed
[HOMOPHONES]
kaesu
Ш RETURN =>0098
Й COUNTER =>02945
kaeru
[ □ П □ Г r 1
721
1939-1940
3 return =>0098
S COUNTER =><8)2945
Ж RETURN =>03180
-kaeru R counter =><8)2945
Г 1941
И ПЗ-З-4
► NEAR
► RECENT
KIN KONT chika(i) Щ chika
	Jdyd-2	S7-3-4	K2265
162	A0181	03061	U8FD1
s			fr	'fr	?fr	%r
I I 1......23	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (close in space) near, dose, nearby, neigh-
boring
0 [original meaning] (come close) near, ap-
proach
а kinshi nearsightedness, shortsighted-
ness
Й5ft kinko suburbs, outskirts
kinjo neighborhood
ifiR kinrin neighborhood
kinken neighboring prefectures
jfiSEЙ6 kinkyori short distance
fukin neighborhood, environs, vicinity
b Ъ sekkin suru approach, draw near,
come close
0 (close in time) recent, near, modern
kin куб recent condition [situation]
jfi kin'ei one's recent photograph
kinnen recent years, late years
ifiiS kinsei modern ages
jfi'R kindai modern [recent] times
kindaiteki na modern
ЙН kinjitsu soon, shortly, one of these days
Й15О saikinno late, recent
[kun]
[chikai jfi V> J near (in space), close, not far;
near (in time), early, soon
chikasa nearness
jfi < 0 chikaku no nearby, neighboring
< chikazuku approach, near, get near;
get acquainted
jfi# t'tЪ chikazukeru bring [put] close (to)
chikayoseru bring close to
chikamichi shortcut
chikagoro recently, nowadays
mijikana near oneself, close to one,
familiar
► TAIL
Bl о
Joyo	S7-3-4	K4088
B0782	03062	U5C3E
□ 3-3-4
О [original meaning] tail
yubirui tailed amphibians
00 (rear part) tail, rear
0 end
а Ж pB bibu tail, tail section
ЖЖ biyoku tail, tail plane
ЖЯ* bito taillight
ЖЪ* biko following, shadowing
ЖпЖ senbi stern, poop
b ЙЖ shubi beginning and end; result, issue
ШйЙКЖ ryutddabi bright start, dull finish
^Ж kanbi end of a book
Ж matsubi end, close
ррЖ gobi ending of a word
[kun]
[о Ж] tail, scut, caudal fin
Жй^Й onagazaru long-tailed monkey
ЖЗЙ'М* cT okashiratsuki fish served whole
[complete with head and tail]
ЖОГ ohire (=obire) tail and fin
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЙХЖ shippo tail; one's true colors
1943
□3-3-4
► BUREAU
► LIMITED PART
KYOKU
Г
44
Jdyd-3	S7-3-4	K2241
A0211	03063	U5C40
	F3				
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] bureau, department (esp. of a
1941-1943
722
3-4 □
government office)
ЛиД kyokucho bureau chief, director, post-
master
дКЛи bukyoku department, bureau
Ж Ж Ли suiddkyoku Water Works Bureau
ЙЙ11Л1 hbseikyoku Legislative Bureau
sdmukyoku General Affairs Bureau
Ж Ли yakkyoku drugstore, pharmacy
jimukyoku secretariat
S Ли tokyoku the authorities concerned
© [also suffix] public service office or station, as
a post office, telegraph office, telephone ex-
change office or broadcasting station
Й0ЕЛВ yubinkyoku post office
ЖЙШ denpokyoku telegraph office
Л5 hosdkyoku radio broadcasting sta-
tion
shikyoku branch office
T U Ли terebikyoku TV station
®п8Ли denwakyoku telephone exchange
office
© limited part, portion (of space), locality
ЛОИ kyokugensuru localize, limit, set
limits to
ЛодВ kyokubu limited part, section; affected
part
kyokusho (limited) part, section
ЛиЙИ kyokuchiteki local
0 current situation, state of affairs
kyokumen situation, aspect of an affaim-
position (in a chess game)
3$Ли jikyoku situation, circumstances
¥ЗсЛи senkyoku stateofthe war, war situation
Ж Ли nankyoku difficult [delicate] situation,
deadlock
ЖЛ; seikyoku political situation
© close, end, conclusion
^Ли shukyoku end, conclusion, termination;
end of a game
пЙЛи kekkyoku after all, finally, in conclusion
[INDEPENDENT!
[kyoku Л6] bureau, department; public
service office
I^J СЛи onaji kyoku same (radio) station
1944
□3-3-4
► URINE
NYO
г	Joyo	S7-3-4	K3902
44	D1687	03064	U5C3F
Ф [original meaning] urine
Ж Ж nyoso urea
Ж§£ nybsan uric acid
SF-Ж hainyo urination
^Ж kennyo urinalysis
®ЖЙ tonyobyo diabetes
ЙЖЙЕ yanyoshd bed wetting, nocturia
[INDEPENDENT!
[nyd Ж] URINE
Ж^^1< nydnokensa urinalysis
[ □ П □ 11 г r ]
► INTRODUCTORY PART
► ORDER
JO
r	Joyo-5	S7-3-4	K2988
53	C1256	03065	U5E8F
©0 INTRODUCTORY part of something: open-
ing, beginning, inception, first stage
© introductory part of a book: preface,
introduction, foreword
а Ж^ joban opening (in the game of go)
ЖЙ jokyoku prelude, overture
Ж1Й josetsu introduction
Ж JS jomaku opening act, curtain raiser
jijo author's preface
©0 order, precedence, sequence
© ORDER(liness), methodical arrangement
а Ж^О joretsu rank, grade, order
Ж<^С joji order, sequence
ШЖ junjo order, sequence; system, proce-
dure
b ^Ж chitsujo order, discipline; method,
system
723
1944-1945
□ 3-4
kajo inflorescence
► RESPOND
О -NO
i- 1946
Г ПЗ-З-4
-c?	Joyo-5	S7-4-3	K1794
61	A0332	03066	U5FDC
П
c
□
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (act in return) respond to (a situation), react,
act in accordance with, cope with
obo application, subscription, enlist-
ment
<5 den suru aid, reinforce; support;
cheer
oshusuru respond, reply; counter
osetsu reception
hannosuru react, respond
й’Йл’З"'?) taiosuru correspond to, answer to;
be equivalent; deal [cope] with
ЖЙл'Т-Ь tekiosuru adapt (oneself) to, ad-
just (things) to
junno adaptation, accommodation, ad-
justment
0 (make a reply) respond, answer, reply
oto answer, response, reply
ЬТ koo shite in concert, in response
® suitable, appropriate
jSffl oyo practical application
obunno appropriate, reasonable (in
view of one's position), within one's
power [means]
soo suru be suitable, befit, corre-
spond
0 used phonetically for d
—ichio once; in outline; tentatively; for the
time being
[INDEPENDENT!
[ojiru (=ozuru) JS	(act in
return) respond to (a situation), act in accor-
dance with; (make a reply) respond, answer;
comply with, accede to, consent; be suitable
[appropriate]
Л Л (5 Ъ chikara ni chikara de ojiru
meet force with force
tib (ZJS C -6 motome ni ojiru answer a
request
So1 (ЗЙлЦ'Т baainiojite in accordance
with the situation
1947
□ 3-3-4
► BED
► FLOOR
SHO toko yuka
Joyo	S7-3-4	K3018
C1181	03067	U5E8A
53
О bed, sickbed
kishosuru getup,rise
rinshoi clinician
© (bed-shaped support or underlying part) bed,
foundation or ore deposit
onsho hotbed
ШЙс shisho thalamus
jusho gunstock
|KUN]
[toko	bed, sickbed; bed (as of flowers);
alcove; barber
ЖIZ St < toko ni tsuku go to bed; be sick in
bed, be laid up
ЙЖ nedoko bed
Jl|j^ kawadoko riverbed
toko no ma alcove
ЖЖ tokoya barber; barbershop
[yuka Ж] floor
ЖT yukashita under the floor
1PJ
□3-3-4
incorrect classification
=>seeE 1-2-5: { at 0050
1948
□ 3-3-4
► RETAINER
SHIN JIN Щ omi tomi
	Jdyd-4	S7-7-0	K3135
131	C1167	03068	U81E3
I irrrjFFiW
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1946-1948
724
3-4 □
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 retainer, subject, vassal
E~F shinka retainer, subject, vassal
EK shinmin subjects
ЖЕ kashin retainer,vassal
ЙЕ kunshin sovereign and subject, lord and
vassal
JEE chushin loyal retainer, loyal subject
AE daijin minister (of state)
► ENCLOSE
I kako(mu) kako(u) kako(i)
1949
□3-3-4
□	Jdyd-4	S7-3-4	K1647
31	B0785	®3069	U56F2
	П	Fl	Fl	И'	и	a
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] enclose, encircle, sur-
round
0 circumference, surroundings
а Й igo (the game of) go
hoisuru surround, encircle,en-
velop
tEH han'i range, scope
bSHS fun'iki atmosphere, mood
Ж1Й shui circumference, periphery; sur-
roundings
kyoi chest measurement
[KUN]
[kakomu ВЮ] enclose, encircle, surround
kakomi enclosure; siege
Ж 0 BtV torikakomu enclose, encircle
[какой Й 5 ] enclose, fence
niwa о kaki de какой en-
close a garden with a fence
[kakoi ИИ] enclosure,fence
ЙНFAtl%> kakoiniireru place in an en-
closure
A	► BE IN TROUBLE KON koma(ru) F—4	
1950	□ Joyo-6	S7-3-4	K2604
□3-3-4 1 in ICOMPOUNI 0 [origins	31 B0954 IIFIIFIIFII 3	4	5 2S| il meaning] be inti	03070 U56F0 FH S	Z	Г double, be	П
hard-pressed, be distressed, suffer
konnan difficulty, trouble, distress,	_
hardship	I—I
konwaku embarrassment, perplexity,
confusion
НЭЙ коnкуй destitution, poverty, distress
копки hardships, privation
Jtffl hinkon poverty, indigence, destitution;
lack, shortage
[KUN]
[komaru Щ <5 ] be in trouble, be distressed,
be annoyed, be embarrassed, be perplexed;
be destitute
komaraseru annoy, embarrass
fflO komarimono good-for-nothing,
scapegrace, nuisance, trouble
komarihateru be hard up, be at
one's wit's end, be in a bad fix
AfFFffl'b seikatsu ni komaru live in want
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Й CAUSE =>1936
► DRAWING
ZU TO haka(ru)
1951
□ 3-3-4
□	Jdyd-2	S7-3-4	K3162
31	B0596	®3071	U56F3
I П i I  I! 1El El
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 drawing, plan, diagram, figure, illustra-
tion, picture
0 [original meaning] map, chart
a El® zumen drawing, plan, map, sketch
725
1949-1951
□ 3-5
Е1Л^ zukei figure, diagram
El^ zuhyo chart, diagram
Effi zukan picture [illustrated] book
El HF tosho books
Е1ШЖ toshoshitsu library
El 75 zushi illustration, graphic(al) representa-
tion
Шс1Н*Е1 sekkeizu plan, blueprint
b fflEI chizu map, atlas
J® El hanto territory
^ЖЕ1 tenkizu weather chart
ТрШИ shigaizu city map
00 systematic plan, scheme, attempt
0 intention
a ft El soto grand scheme
kitosuru plan, scheme, intend
ffiEI yuto ambitious enterprise, grand project
Ь /to intention, aim
□“El aizu signal, sign
© [emphatic prefix] extraordinary, outrageous,
audacious
El Ш WX И <5 zunukete iru be outstanding
El El L И zuzushii cheeky, impudent
E№ zutai body, frame
[INDEPENDENT!
[zu El] drawing, plan, figure, illustration,
diagram; map, chart
EI^Jffi< zu о kaku draw a diagram
[KUN]
[hakaru El-6 ]
О strive for, work for, promote, look to, pro-
vide for, seek
EI-6 sogo rikai о hakaru strive
for mutual understanding
£^£EI Ъ kdeki о hakaru labor for the
public good
anzen о hakaru provide for
safety
0 bring about, attempt
bengi о hakaru accommodate,
suit the convenience of
Й El -b jisatsu о hakaru attempt sui-
cide
IHOMOPHONESI
hakaru
1+ PLAN =>0965
Ж SCHEME =>1069
Ж QUANTITY =>1598
jffl MEASURE =>0444
IS CONSULT =>1070
1952
□ 3-3-5
► EXTEND
► POSTPONE
EN no(biru) no(beru) no(be)
no(basu) Ц] nobu
	Jdyd-6	S8-3-5	K1768
54	B0685	®3073	U5EF6
	iT	£		Ji	
..1....2....3....4....5...6....7...8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] extend (in space or time),
prolong, spread
MS enchd extension, prolongation, con-
tinuation
M'M ensho spread of afire
en'entaru lengthy
MSS enzui medulla oblongata
0 postpone, delay, defer
МЖ enki postponement, deferment
МЙЙ enno delayed [deferred] payment
МЙ enpatsu postponement of departure,
delayed departure
entai arrear, arrearage
1BM chien delay, retardation
[KUN]
[nobiru vi
О extend (in space or time), be extended, be
prolonged
nobi extension; postponement
nobiritsu growth rate
Kono
tetsudd wa kokkyd made nobite iru
This railway extends as far as the frontier
0 be POSTPONEd, be delayed
nobinobi repeated delays, drag-
ging on and on
Shuppatsu да nobita The
departure was postponed
[noberu
О extend, stretch out (one's arm)
te о noberu stretch one's arm
0 postpone, delay
0 hinobe postponement, adjournment
1952
726
3-5
[nobe [also prefix] total, aggregate
M nobejikan total man hours
[nobasu WfTJvt
О extend (in space or time), prolong, spread
31 gSM fcfT hikinobasu extend, draw out;
enlarge; prolong, filibuster
jumyo о nobasu prolong
one's life
H ®	Й’З" kigen о nobasu extend the
term
0 postpone, delay, defer
Ж Ж &Ж	henji о nobasu delay one's
answer
IHOMOPHONESI
nobiru ft STRETCH =>0051
nobi ft STRETCH =>0051
noberu ft STRETCH =>®70
nobasu ft STRETCH =>0051
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with court =>1938
► PRESS
HAKU sema(ru) Ц] sako seko
hasami hazama hasama
1953
□ 3-3-5
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3987
162	B0789	@3074	U8FEB
OO [original meaning] (dose in on) press on,
close in, draw near
Ф PRESSing, urgent, imminent, impending,
close
а 1ЙЖ hakugeki close attack
hakushin no true to life, realistic
seppakusuru draw near, press;
become acute, grow tense
b Ж1Й LZt kyuhaku shita pressing, urgent,
imminent
kinpakusuru become tense, grow
strained
00 (force to action) press upon, press for, urge,
force, compel
0 (cause distress) oppress, press hard, perse-
cute
a hakuryoku power, force, punch, appeal
Wjfi'T'S kyohakusuru threaten, intimidate,
menace
kydhaku coercion, compulsion
I±jS'T'S appaku suru press, oppress, pres-
sure
b jfiW hakugai persecution, oppression
kyuhaku straitened circumstances, dis-
tress
hippakusuru be tight, get strin-
gent
[KUN]
[semaru jA <5 ] press (a person), urge, com-
pel; close in on, press, draw near; be imminent
jfi Ъ jishoku о semaru urge to re-
sign
shin nisemaru be true to nature
[life], be lifelike
ZrE 1/1Й <5 sashisemaru be imminent, be im-
pending
► STATE
JUTSU no(beru)
□ 3-3-5
x_	Joyo-5	S8-3-5	K2950
162	A0442	®3075	U8FF0
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 STATE orally, expound, mention, declare
© state [express] in writing
a Й11Й jukkai effusion of one's thoughts (and
feelings), reminiscence
jutsugo predicate
Ж kyojutsu testimony, statement; confes-
sion
□ jZfi'Tkojutsu suru state orally, dictate
fWlZE chinjutsu statement, declaration
jojutsu description, depiction
shojutsu (detailed) expatiation, full ac-
count
tiJlZilO iB 0 zenjutsu no tori as stated
[mentioned] above
b ЙКЁ'Т'Ь kijutsusuru describe, give an
account, write
WjZE chojutsu writing (of books); book, lit-
erary work
727
1953-1954
□ 3-5
[noberu	state orally (or in writing),
expound, mention, declare
L < ЙЁ^<5 kuwashiku noberu expound
ч ЙЖкТб nobetateru dwell eloquently
(on), relate at great length
F* Ф	mdshinoberu state, mention,
_	tell
□ im		► EDIFY TEKI Ц] michi susumu			
	1955		Names	S8-3-5	K7776
	□3-3-5	162	D2546	03076	U8FEA
ICOMPOUNDSl
Ф [rare] edify, enlighten, guide, teach
keitekisuru edify, enlighten, guide
kunteki guide, teach; master
1956
□ 3 3-5
► ALTERNATE
TETSU
	Joyo	S8-3-5	K3719
162	D2054	03077	U8FED
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] alternate, change, take
turns
kotetsusuru reshuffle, change (as
of government officials), exchange
places
[note!
★do not confuse with send =>1968
1957
□ 3-3-5
► DELIVER
► REACH
todo(keru) -todo(ke) todo(ku)
г	Jdyd-6	S8-3-5	K3847
44	B0960	03078	U5C4A

[kun]
[todokeru JSW'&J
О deliver (a letter or goods), send, forward
Ж (j'Tfc todokesaki destination, address
О Ж okuritodokeru send to, deliver;
escort (a person) home
WЖ	tsuketodoke present, tip; bribe
0 give notice (to the authorities), report,
notify, file notice
Ж W todoke report, notice; delivery, forward-
ing
Ж &j" Ш Ъ todokederu report, notify
Й^ЖЖО mutodokeno without notice
[-todoke -Ж W" J [suffix] report, notice; notifi-
cation
ffin-ЖЙ higaitodoke report of damage
shusshotodoke register of birth
[todoku Ж <J
O0 (succeed in touching) reach, get at
0 (be delivered) reach (a destination), arrive,
be received
te no todoku tokoro within
one's reach
@ 0Ж < PK «9 me no todoku kagiri as far
as the eye can reach
b	todokanai tegami letter that
fails to reach its destination
0 be attentive, be careful
fT Ж < yukitodoku (=ikitodoku) be scru-
pulous, be attentive, be prudent; be
complete, be thorough
1958
□ 3-3-5
► BEND
KUTSU
r	Joyo	S8-3-5	K2294
44	C1437	03079	U5C48
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] bend, flex, crouch
Ж Ж kusshin bending and stretching, exten-
sion and contraction
Ж®Т kussetsu bending, turn; refraction
ЖЙЖ'Б kukkyokusuru bend, wind
kusshino leading, foremost
1955-1958
728
ЙЙ® zenkutsu bending forward, anteflexion
0 bend in submission, bow, submit to, yield
ЙИЛ'З"kuppuku suru bend in submission,
submit to, surrender, yield to
®S kutsujoku humiliation, disgrace, insult
'FHO fukutsuno indomitable, unyielding
^®Z£ hikutsuna mean, meanspirited; ser-
vile
О be in an uncomfortable position, be
cramped, reach the limit
}§®Z£ taikutsuna tedious, boring
®1®Z£ kyukutsuna cramped, confined;
formal; poor
0 cave, cavern
S® rikutsu reason, logic; argument; pretext;
theory
[INDEPENDENT!
[kussuru ® T&J bend, flex; bend in sub-
mission, bow, submit to, yield
1959
□3-3-5
► RESIDE
KYO i(ru) -i o(ru)‘ UI ori sue
p	Joyo-5	S8-3-5	K2179
44	B0874	@3080	U5C45
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
IcompoundsI
O0 reside, live, dwell
© RESiDEnce, dwelling, address
а Ъ kyojusuru live, dwell, reside
®§ай1 kyoryuchi settlement, concession
dokyosuru live together
$lj® bekkyo separation, limited divorce
WB'T-?) gunkyosuru live gregariously
b ft® jukyo house, dwelling, residence
Ж В kokyo Imperial Palace
А®*?*Ъ пуйкуо suru move into (a flat)
E®^^) tenkyosuru move, change one's
residence
0 (of living beings) be present, be, be found,
stay
ЖВАЪ kakyosuru stay at home
© [original meaning] sit
j£2® kikyo one's daily life
___________________________________________3j>D
[KUN]______________________________________3
[iru ®&]
О be present, exist, be found—said esp. of living
things
®£Ы*3 iawaseru happen to be present >
®{^ isdro hanger-on, parasite
0 RESIDE, live, dwell, inhabit
®Sff idokoro one's address [residence], one's h-
whereabouts
©sit
®0KO inemuri doze, nap	|~|
®ЙЁЛ> inarabu sit in a row, be arrayed
®И ima living [sitting] room
®ЙЖ izakaya bar, pub
0 [following theTE-form of verbs] be...-ing, be
engaged in
waratteiru be smiling
[laughing]
Г-i -Й1
О presence; someone present
ft® nagai long visit [stay]
1Ф® nakai parlormaid, waitress
®\F® rusui caretakerjanitor; caretaking
(during a person's absence)
© sitting; seat
21® shibai play, drama
[oru ® <5 ] variant of ® *6 iru
5£й® IQ Chichi wa orimasen Fa-
ther is not home
ISPECIAL READINGS]
^W®i ichigenkoji ready critic, one ready
to comment on any and every subject
I960
□ 3-3-5
► URBAN PREFECTURE
FU
г	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K4160
53	A0171	®3082	U5E9C
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSI
О urban [metropolitan] prefecture (limited
to Kyoto and Osaka prefectures)
jftjf fucho urban prefectural office
WSr fukei prefectural police
729
1959-1960
□ 35_________________________________________
WaL0 furitsuno prefectural
ЖЖЛ? kydtofu Kyoto Prefecture
О capital, metropolis
7 WT fuka suburban districts (of a metropolis)
MW shufu capital, metropolis
О government office, seat of government
j=i BCW seifu government, administration
sorifu Prime Minister's Office
) SW kokufu National Government (of China);
provincial capital
SSW bakufu shogunate
П IINDEPENDENTl
[fu W] urban prefecture; center, focus
bunkydnofu fountainhead of cul-
ture; Ministry of Education
1961
□ 3-3-5
► BOTTOM
TEI soko
Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K3676
B0863	®3084	U5E95
О bottom, base
Ж St teiryu bottom current, undercurrent
jfiK kaitei sea bottom
shintei bottom of one's heart, inmost
thoughts
© (fundamental part) bottom, basis, origin
ЙФ teihon original text
kontei root, basis, foundation
SS kitei base, basis, foundation; math base
tettei thoroughness, completeness
[KUN]
[soko Ж] bottom, sole, bed; bottom (as of
one's heart), depths
ЖЖ sokogawa sole, sole leather
hakonosoko bottom of a box
Л1К kawazoko riverbed
sokone bottom price
EAjBs donzoko rock bottom, depths
kokoro no okusoko innermost
depths of one's heart
► SHOP
TEN mise
[also suffix]
0 [original meaning] shop, store; stall
0 (small) business establishment, as a bank or
restaurant
а /ЕЖ ten'in clerk
/ЕрЙ tenpo shop, store
JEMS tentd shop [store] front
Й/E shoten shop, store
Ш/E shoten bookstore
tEJE baiten booth, stand; store
Ж IS IE hyakkaten department store
ab j£]E shiten branch (office), branch (store)
Ф/E honten head [main] office [store]
b	ten'yamono dishes from a caterer
KiSjE dairiten agency, agent
W^JJE tokuyakuten special [sole] agency
[agent]
l?l?MJE kissaten coffee shop, tea house
[kun]
[mise J£] shop, store
JEU miseya shop, store
JE^C misesaki storefront
JEJU Ж misebiraki opening of a business
Ж/E chamise tea stall, rest house
HjJE demise branch (store)
Й incorrect stroke-count
=>see □ 3-3-6: Л at 1974
□ 3-3-5
ZZ/ incorrect classification
^see H2-2-6: at 1301
□ 3-3-5
1961-1962
730
1963
□ 3-3-5
► SOLID
► FIRM
KO kata(meru) kata(maru)
kata(mari) kata(i)
□	Jdyd-4	S8-3-5	K2439
31	B0762	03086	U56FA
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 SOLID
0 SQLiDify, harden
a 0{$ kotai solid, solid matter
0fl^0 kokeino solid
b 0{L koka solidification
$50 gydko solidification, coagulation,
congelation
00 [original meaning] (fixed in place) firm,fixed,
immovable, stable
0 (having determination) firm, resolute,
determined
a 0^$tlZL koteisareta fixed,stationary,
permanent
Ъ kochaku suru adhere to, stick fast
b	kojisuru decline positively, decline
firmly
§?0 kengo na strong, secure, firm, stead-
fast
$10 Z£ kydko na firm, stable, solid, strong
© FiRMly persistent, stiff, unyielding, stubborn
0^^Ъ koshitsu (=koshu) suru adhere to,
persist in
j®0Z£ gankona stubborn, obstinate, big-
oted
0 intrinsically, originally
0W"O коуйпо peculiar to, characteristic,
inborn
[KUN]
[katameru 0$6<5] vt harden, souoify;
tamp; strengthen, make secure, establish
oneself
0iZ) katame hardening; defense, fortifying;
pledge
zt 0 Ф Ъ tsuchi о katameru harden earth
into a mass
0 kesshin о katameru make a
firm resolution
_________________________________3j>D
[katamaru 0	viharden, soLiDify,
congeal
0 0 Ъ kataku katamaru form a hard
mass
shisdga
katamatte inai have no fixed ideas
$5 0 0 korikatamaru be fanatical; co-
agulate, clot
[katamari 0 S 0 ] lump, mass, clod; ingot
ft©0O tetsu no katamari iron ingot
[katai 0H]
О 0 (glutinous or not flexible) stiff, firm, thick
0 (not easily moved) stiff, tight, fast
a 0 $ katasa stiffness
0®	U — h katanerikonkurito
stiff-consistency concrete
0 НЙ 7 — katai kara stiff collar
В 0 V Doa ga katai The door sticks
[has stiff hinges]
b 0 И£/1=1 katai musubime tight knot
0 H fi 19 katai nigiri tight grip
00 (unshakable) stiff, firm, resolute, strong
0 (unyielding) stiff (stand), obstinate, stub-
born, inflexible
а 0НЙЖ kataiyakusoku solemn promise
0 V * ketsuiga katai be firmly de-
termined
ffl0 H danketsu ga katai be strongly
united
b 0151/H katakurushii formal, stiff, strained;
strict; rigid
§MZ^'0 И atama да katai obstinate, thick-
headed, inflexible
r
г
r
□
IHOMOPHONESI
katamari 4Й LUMP =>0457
katai
® HARD =>0802
p FIRM =>1805
It DIFFICULT =>1196
		► COUNTRY KOKU kuni			
1964		□ 31	Joyo-2	S8-3-5	K2581
03-3-5			A0003	©3087	U56FD
i !п!п!тр1ияи
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
731
1963-1964
□ 3-6
3 ICOMPOUNDSI
О О [also suffix] country, nation, state
<	© national, government-operated
а ЯЖ kokka state, country, nation
ч Я^ kokkai National Diet; national assembly,
congress
—Я1Ж kokusai international
kokusaiteki na international
Я JR kokki national flag
Я I® kokubo national defense
u Я К kokumin people, nation; the people
Я^й коккуд (national) boundary [border]
kokugaino foreign, external
kokusaika internationalization
Я« kokumei country name
zenkoku the whole country
^$Я gaikoku foreign country
ЖЯ keikoku beautiful woman; courtesan
TtiSH senshinkoku advanced [developed]
nation [country]
b ЯЛ kokusai national bonds; national debt
[loan]
kokuritsu national (park, etc.)
II-Ж kokutetsu Japanese National Railways
(defunct)
ЯЖ kokudd national highway
ЯЙ kokuhi national expenditure
Я Из kokuei government-managed; state-
operated
Я®£ kokuzei national tax
Я^0 кокиуйпо state-owned, nationalized
ЯЛ kokuryoku national power; national re-
sources
0 (of Japan) Japanese
Явп kokugo national language; Japanese
[KUN]
[kuni HJ country, state, nation, land,
territory, realm
Я±Й kunizakai (national, state or provincial)
boundary [border]
Я Я kuniguni nations
Ж Я shimaguni island country
1965
□3-3-6
► BUILD
KEN KON ta(teru) ta(te) -da(te)
ta(tsu) Щ take takeshi takeru
tatsu ru
	Jdyd-4	S9-3-6	K2390
54	A0256	03090	U5EFA
IcompoundsI
0 build (a building), construct, erect, put up
kenchiku construction, building, archi-
tecture
kensetsusuru construct, build,
erect
kenzd building, construction
Mil konryu erection, building (as a temple)
Ж Si saiken reconstruction, rehabilitation
[KUN]
[tateru	build, construct, erect, put
up
tatemono building, structure
ЗЙТЙЙ tatemae erection of house frame-
work; principle, rule, one's position;
one's words (as opposed to one's real in-
tentions)
[tate ЖT J [in compounds] business com-
mitment, sales contract
tatene official quotations, rates of
exchange, market
[-date -ЖХ J [also suffix] way of BUiLDing,
method of construction
—nikaidate no ie two-storied
house
[tatsu I'D ] be built, be erected, be estab-
lished
О Dozo ga tatta A bronze
statue was erected
IHOMOPHONESI
tateru
XL STAND =>1257
Д POINT =><8)2084
ffl CLOSE =><8)3319
tate
XL STAND =>1257
VERTICAL =>0952
§x =^>(S)2837
1965
732
-date \L STAND =>1257
tatsu
\L STAND =>1257
S3 RISE =>®3307
START =>1634
PASSTHROUGH =>0898
ЙЙ
1966
□ 3-3-6
► REVERSE
GYAKU saka saka(sa) saka(rau)
	Jdyo-5	S9-3-6	K2153
162	B0729	@3091	U9006
		Л2-	2U- L-		у			2^
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] reverse, inverse, backward,
contrary, counter
хЁ(б gyakuten reversal, turnabout, inversion;
reverse rotation
хЁ?й gyakuryu countercurrent, adverse tide;
regurgitation (of blood)
хЁ!^ 0 gyakumodori retrogression, reversal,
going back
ХЁ1& gyakusu reciprocal number
ЙЁ8Й gyakusetsu paradox
ХЁ5ЙЖ gyakukoka counter result, reverse
effect
хЁgyakuhirei inverse proportion
© contrary, adverse, unfavorable
хЁ^Й дуаккуд adversity, adverse
[unfavorable] circumstances
© rebel, defy, disobey
ЙЁЙЁ gyakuto rebel, traitor
5схЁ”3~<5 hangyakusuru revolt [rebel]
against, rise in mutiny
IINDEPENDENTl
[gyaku хЁ] reverse, inverse, contrariness
хЁХ£ gyaku na contrary, adverse; reverse, in-
verse
[KUN]
[saka хЁ]
© [in compounds] reverse, inverse
0 upside-down
а хЁЛЛ'Ё» sakadachi handstand
хЁЗЁО sakadatsu stand on end, stand up,
bristle up
3-6 □
----------------------------------------- 4
хЁ_Ь<Ь sakanoboru go upstream; go back
(to the past); retroact
b хЁ~Р* sakago foot presentation
хЁШО sakasamano upside-down, reverse
хЁ(^ХХ<5 sakaninaru turn upsidedown 2—
[sakasa хЁ $ ] reverse, inversion
хЁ $ CD sakasa no inverted, upside-down, _
reverse
хЁ cUZ sakasa ni bottom up, upside-down f21
[sakarau хЁ 6 5] act contrary to, go against,
oppose, disobey, defy
йтН^хЁ b d oya ni sakarau disobey one’s
parents
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ХЁnoboseru have a rush of blood to
the head, feel dizzy; get excited; run
mad after; become conceited
IHOMQPHONESI
sakanoboru
=>03257
ХЁ±3 =>1966,2128
noboseru
=>2128
ХЁ±^±& ==>1966,2128
	► PERPLEXED MEI mayo(u)			
1967 □3-3-6	162	Jdyo-5	S9-3-6	K4434
		B0904	№092	U8FF7
ICOMPOUNDSl		4	5	6	7	8	9			
О (be at a loss at what to do) be perplexed, be
puzzled, be bewildered; hesitate
meiwaku trouble, annoyance
хЖ{в meishin superstition
®xe£ konmei confusion, bewilderment
®XZ^ konmei stupor, unconsciousness
{ЙхеЁ'Т'Ь teimeisuru hang low; (ofthe mar-
ket) be sluggish
© [original meaning] lose one’s way, get lost, go
astray
хЖ^ meiro maze, labyrinth
Х^Ж meikyu labyrinth, maze; mystery
733
1966-1967
□ 3-6
3 [KUN]
[mayou □] be perplexed, be puzzled;
hesitate; get lost, lose one's way
mayoi bewilderment, doubt, indecision;
infatuation; Buddhism maya
ЖЪТ mayowasu perplex, puzzle; fascinate,
infatuate; lead astray
[SPECIAL READINGS]
maigo lost child
[ Д J Г L < ]
© see off, send off
дЁ 0 okuri seeing off; funeral; sending
Л1дЁ<5 miokuru see off
© add капа affixes to Chinese characters
Ss 0 okurigana okurigana, капа affixes
IHOMOPHONESI
okuru ,1s PRESENT A GIFT => 1084
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with дИ alternate =>1956
□ 3-3-6
► SEND
SO oku(ru)
x_	Jdyd-3	S9-3-6	K3387
162	A0322	®3093	U9001
1969
□ 3-3-6
► RETREAT
TAI shirizo(ku) shirizo(keru)
x_	Joyo-5	S9-3-6	K3464
162	A0468	®3094	U9000
	4/			*			
1	2
[COMPOUNDS]
OG [original meaning] send, dispatch, deliver,
mail
© transmit
а sokin remittance
Ж# sofu sending, remittance
дЁ^-^%> soken suru commit for trial, send
to the prosecutors office
дЙ$4 sdryd postage, carriage
Йд^'ТЪ yusdsuru mail, send by mail
yuso transport, conveyance
Ъ hasso suru send out, dispatch, ship
b soden electrical transmission
дШв soshin transmission (of a message)
ЙдЁ hoso broadcasting
© send off, see off, escort
Ssiffl'TЪ sdgeisuru welcome and send off
дИ^И sobetsu farewell, send-off
sobetsukai farewell [seeing-off] party
ЖЙ goso safeguard, convoy, escort
[kun]
[okuru дИ<5]
О send, ship, dispatch, mail; transmit
дЁ 0 Tfc okurisaki destination; receiver, con-
signee
дЁ 0 дА£? okurikomu send into
Ф L/дй Ъ moshiokuru send word to, hand
over (one's business to another)
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
OG [original meaning] retreat, move back,
withdraw, leave
© cause to retreat, drive back, repulse
а дЕШ~3"<Ь taijosuru leave, exit
дЕзё taikyo retreat, withdrawal, evacuation
дЕШ taishutsu leaving, withdrawal
дЕЕъ taiin discharge from a hospital
ШдЕtettaisuru withdraw, evacuate,
pull out
ЙсдЕ'Т-Ь kotaisuru retreat, recede
ЯЙдЕ dattai withdrawal, secession
b дЕ^ taigaku leave school; be expelled from
school
8дЕ"<Г-?> gekitaisuru repulse, drive back-
reject, repulse
© (retreat from public life) retire, resign, leave
дЕШ taishoku retirement, resignation
!ЛдЕТintaisuru retire, go into retirement
1ШдЕ intai retirement, seclusion from the
world
© keep one's distance, hesitate
8?дЕjitaisuru decline, refuse
0 decline, decay
дЕЙ taihai degeneration, decadence, dete-
rioration
дЕЙИ taihaiteki decadent, degenerating
Ж'дЕ suitai decline, decay, degeneration
© become spiritless, be languid
1968-1969
734
xSJS taikutsu tedium, boredom
[KUN]
[shirizoku ig < ] retreat, recede, back;
withdraw, leave; retire, resign
—ippo shirizoku take a step back-
ward
gozen (=omae) о shirizoku
withdraw from the presence (of the Em-
peror)
shoku о shirizoku resign from
one's post
[shirizokeru
О (cause to retreat) drive away, repel, expel,
keep away
ZA Ь Ж H”-?) yoshoku kara shirizokeru
expel (a person) from an important posi-
tion
hito о shirizokeru keep others
away
© defeat, beat
йОЖjJlW-6 tekinokogekiо
shirizokeru beat off an attack by the
enemy
© reject, refuse, turn down
fil Ж £ Ж	teian о shirizokeru turn
down a proposal
[HOMOPHONES]
shirizokeru JT expel =>®2972
3^
1970
□ 3-3-6
► ESCAPE
TO ni(geru) ni(gasu) noga(su)
noga(reru)
x_	Joyo	S9-3-6	K3808
162	B0944	®3095	U9003
j b b btbt
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] escape, run away, flee
tobosuru escape, abscond, desert
З^тё toso flight, escape
© (succeed in avoiding) escape, evade, shirk
ЗЖ tohi escape, evasion, flight
[KUN]
[nigeru 3j J escape, run away, flee
3bb nige escape, evasion
Ы J r L к ]
3-6 □
Ж W'Hj'T nigedasu make a break, run off,
make off
З^Ж nigemichi way of escape
Ж S nigeashi flight, running away
gT 3i IcTTЪ hikinige suru hit and run
[nigasu 3^'TJ let go, set free; let escape;
let slip, miss
Ш 0 Ж torinigasu fail to catch, let slip
[nogasu 3iTJ same as nigasu 3>^'T
ЙЙК'Т minogasu overlook, miss
koki о nogasu let an opportu-
nity slip
[nogareru escape, get away; get
clear of
sekinin о nogareru shirk
one’s responsibility
► CHASE
TSUI o(u) m oi
x_	Jdyd-3	S9-3-6	K3641
162	A0445	®3096	U8FFD
1971
□3-3-6
ICOMPOUNDSI
OO chase, pursue, follow, seek
© chase away, drive out, expel
tsuisekisuru pursue,chase,follow
up
tsuitotsu rear-end collision
tsuikyusuru pursue
tsuikyusuru pursue, seek after,
follow, press (a person) hard
tsuikyu thorough investigation, close
inquiry
ЖЪ tsuizuisuru follow (in the wake of)
tsuisho flattery, sycophancy
ЙЖ motsui hot chase [pursuit]
tsuihosuru banish, purge, exile
©0 add, perform in addition to
© [also prefix] additional, supplementary
а ЖЯП tsuika addition, appendix, supplement
ЖТО tsuikan additional publication
b	tsuichokin additional imposition
tsuishiken supplementary exam
© remember the dead, mourn
735
1970-1971
□ 3-6
3 tsuito mourning
tsuizen mass for the dead
_ [KUN]
[OU дй 'Э ] CHASE, pursue, follow
ч ЁоТ otte later, afterwards, by and by
ill И Ш	oikakeru chase, run after
“ill V In tf) Ъ oitsumeru corner, drive to the
.-j	wall, run down
' И# oitsuku overtake, catch up with
jBViS'T oikosu outrun, pass; overtake
oinuku pass, overtake
oikomu drive [chase] (into a cor-
ner); run on (in printing)
oikomi last spurt, final lap
ill V i ffi'T oidasu turn [drive, throw] out; dis-
charge; evict
□3-3-6
incorrect classification
=>see И4-9-1 at 2222
► DAYTIME
CHU hiru
1972 □ 3-3-6	В 72	Jdyd-2	S9-4-5	K3575
		C1225	@3097	U663C
				
123456789				
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] daytime
JBfW chukan daytime, day
chuya day and night
0 midday, noon
chushoku lunch
hakuchQ daytime, broad daylight
[KUN]
[hiru daytime; midday, noon
hiruma daytime, day
mahiru noon
hirune siesta, nap
hirumae in the morning, before noon
cF hirusugi early afternoon
hirudoki noon, lunch time
hiruyasumi noon recess, lunch break
1973
□ 3-3-6
► HOUSE
► SMALL SHOP
OKU ya
r	Jdyd-3	S9-3-6	K1816
44	A0420	@3098	U5C4B
О house, building
okugai outdoors, open air, exterior of a
house
Ж fa okunai indoors
ЖЖ kaoku house, building
Й1Ж shaoku office building
ЙЖ haioku deserted house
0 [original meaning] roof
Ж Jt okujo housetop, roof
[KUN]
[ya Ж]
О [in compounds] house, dwelling house
Ж^ yashiki mansion, residence; residential
lot
ФЖ koya cottage, hut, cabin; playhouse
heya room, chamber
§Ж omoya main house [wing]
0 [in compounds] roof
ЖШ yane roof
00 [also suffix] small shop or place of busi-
ness, store
0 [suffix] shopkeeper, dealer
0 suffix for forming names of business
establishments
а Ж o' yatai stall, stand; float, festival car
ЙЖ miseya shop, store
Й-ЙЖ rydriya restaurant
аЬ^Ж sakanaya fish shop; fish dealer
7ЁЖ hanaya flower shop; florist
ФЖ hon'ya bookstore; bookseller
^8)ЖЖ fudosan'ya real estate agent, Real-
tor
с КЖЖ matsuzakaya Matsuzakaya Depart-
ment Store
0 colloquial suffix indicating the peculiarity or
idiosyncrasy of a person
Ш^ЬТ'Ж wakarazuya obstinate person,
1972-1973
736
hardhead
[HOMOPHONES]
ya HOUSE =>1458
yashiki
S|5 STATELY RESIDENCE =>®1131
BSt =>1973,1207
1974
□ 3-3-6
► DEGREE
► TIME
DO TO TAKU tabi Щ wataru nori
r	Joyo-3	S9-3-6	K3757
53	A0089	<8)3100	U5EA6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] degree, extent
doai degree, extent, rate
SS teido degree, extent, standard
rSS kodo altitude, height; high degree
®S shindo seismic intensity
HscS gendo limit, bounds
ЖЙ sokudo speed, velocity
fflS seido precision, accuracy
iS^S tomeido transparency, degree of
clearness
^D^SS chimeido publicity
©0 (unit of angular measure, latitude, longitude,
etc.) DEGREE
0 (unit of temperature or humidity) degree
а SS& dosu degree
ft S kakudo angle, angular measure, degree
$tS ido latitude
^S keido longitude
—SH+^f nido sanjuppun 2° 30'
b ?mS ondo temperature
®S shitsudo humidity
frfiH+AS taion sanjuhachido 38° (of
fever)
00 time, occasion
0 counter for number of times
a S^fc dosu number of times
kondo this time; next time, another
time; recently
MS nando how many degrees; how many
times
®S maido every [each] time, always
3-6 □
b —S nido two times [degrees]
0 standard of propriety, limit
dogaishisuru leave out of ac-
count, neglect
®IS seido system, organization, institution
ffiS setsudo standard; moderation
^?t>S ochido fault, error; guilt
SO kadono excessive
ffiS hatto law, ordinance, prohibition
0 period, term
^S nendo year, fiscal year; school year; term
0 manner, bearing, attitude
l&S taido attitude, manner
0 [original meaning] measure
3£S^"-?> shitakusuru arrange, prepare;
[original meaning, now archaic] measure,
estimate
0 unclassified compounds
S£^l dowasure slip of memory
7ГS chodo just, exactly; as if
[INDEPENDENT!
[do S]
О DEGREE, extent
^5ROS kinchdnodo degree of tenseness
0 optics degree (of refraction), diopter unit
S О	И do no tsuyoi megane pow-
erful spectacles
[KUN]
[tabi SJ time, occasion; counter for number
of times
SSSlc miru tabini whenever [each time]
one sees (it)
SS tabitabi often
—^S hitotabi onetime
ffiP	incorrect stroke-count
/Гр	^see 03-3-7: Г at 1986
□3-3-6
Й	incorrect stroke-count
=>see 03-3-7: Г at 1987
□3-3-6
737
1974
□ 3-7
1975
□ 3-3-7
[ Г' 1
► ONE BY ONE
► DRIVE OUT
CHIKU
x_	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3564
162	D2199	®3102	U9010
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
О one by one, successively, one after another
1^—* chikuichi one by one, in detail
chikuji one by one, successively
if^IoiR chikugoyaku word for word transla-
tion
О DRIVE OUT, expel
КЖ’З"Ъ hochikusuru expel, banish, expa-
triate
kuchikusuru drive away, drive out,
expel
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж accomplish =>2004
1976
□3-3-7
► LINK
► IN SUCCESSION
REN tsura(naru) tsura(neru)
tsu(reru) -zu(re) [Ц tsura muraji
162	Jdyo-4	S10-3-7	K4702
	A0063	®3103	U9023
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 (join together) link, join
0 (connect as if by linking) link, connect, join,
unite
а i8^a renketsu connection, coupling, linking
181? renji copula
81Й rensa chain (as of reasoning), link, series;
connection
b 18 renraku connection, contact; communi-
cation
18 renritsu alliance, coalition
18 renkei connection, linking, contact
iBffi* rentai solidarity
rengo combination, union, alliance; as-
sociation
18 renmei union, federation, league
M18 kanren connection, relation, association
0 federation, union, alliance, league
У 18 soren Soviet Union
S18 kokuren United Nations
zengakuren All-Japan Federation of
Student Self-Government Associations
60 in succession, in series, continually,
repeatedly
0 [also prefix] successive, in a row, consecu-
tive, continued
a 18^*8renpatsusuru fire in rapid succes-
sion, fire in volleys
18Ш”8<Ь rensaisuru serialize, publish seri-
ally
8/^'8Ъ renzoku suru continue, occur in
succession
8® rensen series of battles [games], every
battle [game]
3i8f& gorenpai five-game losing streak
b 8tfc renkyu consecutive holidays
8 H renjitsu day after day, everyday
8U-I renzan mountain range
0 [also suffix] set, party, company, gang, clique
8Ф renchu (=renju) party, company, clique;
those fellows [guys]
^8 joren regular visitors [customers], fre-
quenters
[KUN]
[tsuranaru 8Zi<5] range, stand in a row;
attend
llll£S1U^8Z£oT0<b Yamawa
nanboku ni tsuranatte iru The moun-
tains range north and south
[tsuraneru 8fe<5] put in a row, join, put
together
na о tsuraneru have one's
name entered (in a list)
[tsureru 8tl<5] take along, bring along,
accompany
88l tsure companion
8 tl o' И tsureai spouse, mate
8tl5tO tsuredatsu accompany
1975-1976
738
jStVCfiX tsureteiku take [bring] along
(with one); take (person) away
jjltVCSz'b tsuretekuru bring, fetch (a per-
son)
51	hikitsureru take [bring, have]
along (with one)
[-zure -ilStl] [suffix] with, accompanied by
XAllStl futarizure party of two
'KSlA. kodomozure accompanied by
children
►DEPART THIS LIFE jgyj*' SEI yu(ku)			
1977 L	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3234
03-3-7	162	D2024	@3104	U901D
- t	t	t 12	3	4 10 ICOMPOUNDSl	III 5	iriiiwi 6	7	8	9	
© depart this life, pass away, die suddenly
Ж A A <5 seikyo suru pass away, die
ЖЖ'Т-?) kyuseisuru die suddenly
[KUN]
[yuku Ж < J depart this life, pass away,
die
IHOMQPHONESI
yuku fr GO =>0157
► QUICK
SOKU haya(i) haya- haya(meru)
sumi(yaka) Щ hayami
1978 03-3-7	162	Jdyd-3	S10-3-7	K3414
		B0628	@3105	U901F
I Г"; т			£ 'ЗъЖ	
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] quick, speedy, fast,
rapid, swift, prompt, hasty
© QUiCKly, swiftly
_________________________________________
a sokkyu fast ball
ЖЙ1 sokutatsubin special delivery, ex-
press mail
ЖЯг sokuho prompt report, news flash
kaisoku high speed; fast (local) train 7—
kyusoku na rapid, swift, prompt	J=>
jfiЖZ£ jinsokuna swift, rapid	.
b ЖМВ sokki shorthand, stenography	/
sokudan hasty conclusion; prompt deci-
sion
Ж Si sassoku immediately
© speed, velocity
JfiSt sokudo speed, velocity
jisoku speed per hour
Жйб fdsoku wind velocity
[KUN]
[hayai SA]
0 (acting or moving quickly) quick, speedy, fast,
rapid, swift
© (requiring little time) quick, prompt
a $ hayasa speed
л&зЙН ashibayai swift-footed, light-footed
b ЖзЙИ subayai quick, nimble,agile
mimiga hayai be quick-eared
[haya- Й-] quick, fast, rapid
1Ж □ hayakuchi fast [rapid] talking
ЙЖ hayawaza quick work, (clever) feat
A 0 hayawakari quick understanding;
guide, handbook
[hayameru	QUiCKen, accelerate,
speed up, hasten
<5 ashiо hayameru quicken one's
pace [steps]
[sumiyaka
sumiyakana	swift, quick, prompt
sumiyaka ni swiftly, quickly,
promptly, immediately
sumiyakasa swiftness, prompt-
ness
IHOMQPHONESI
hayai Ж EARLY =>1549
haya- -Ф- EARLY =>1549
hayameru early =>1549
739
1977-1978
□ 3-7		
3	►RELAY	
1979	Joyo	S10-3-7 K3694
□ 3-3-7	162 D2022	03106 U9013
ri ' Г	
1	2	3	4	5 ICOMPOUNDSl	6	7	8	9
О (transmit by stages) relay, forward
jUftf teishin communications
teiso forwarding
0 progressively, successively, gradually, in
order
teiji in order, successively
1980
□ 3-3-7
► WAY
TO
1_	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3751
162	B0750	03107	U9014
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] way, route, course, road,
path
ЙФТ tochu de on the way
tojode on the way
chutode halfway, in the middle
hatten-tojokoku developing
countries
zento one's future, prospects; distance
yet to cover
kito one's way home, return trip
0 (method of doing) way, means
hoto means, way, measure
ffl Jzi yoto use, service, application
sfe	капе no shito how money is used
0 shut out, stop, prevent
tozetsu stoppage, interruption, cessa-
tion
1981
□3-3-7
► PASSTHROUGH
► TRANSPARENT
TO su(ku) su(kasu) su(keru)
td(ru)v
x_	Joyo	S10-3-7	K3809
162	C1043	©3108	U900F
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (move through something) passthrough, let
through, permeate, penetrate
jSill toka penetration, transmission
iStJf toseki chem dialysis
ЖШй tdjisei magnetic permeability
S:iS shinto permeation, penetration
0 (allow light to pass through) be transparent,
be seen through
tomeina transparent
toshizu perspective drawing, trans-
parent view
ЗёШ Ь/c totetsushita lucid, clear, penetrat-
ing
[KUN]
[suku Ж < J be transparent, be seen
through
miesuku be easily seen, be obvi-
ous
[sukasu
0 make transparent
0 look through, peer into
a L sukashi watermark; openwork
b	yamiоsukasu peer into the
darkness
[sukeru	be [grow] transparent
jS ('j' V V *j7 X sukeru burausu sheer
blouse
[HOMOPHONES]
suku
Q SKY =>02227
|@x =>0670
sukasu
1979-1981
740
S SKY =^®2227
=Ж670
toru is PASS =>1982
1982
□3-3-7
► PASS
► COMMUNICATE
TSO TSU to(ru) to(ri) -td(ri)
-dd(ri) to(su) to(shi) -do(shi)
kayo(u) [£] michi
	Joyo-2	S10-3-7	K3644
162	A0085	®3109	U901A
r	n		Я		'Й	
3	4	5	6	7	8	9
a
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] pass (by), passthrough
0 pass current, pass for
a Ж1Ё tsuka passing, passage
Ж^Т tsuko passing, passage, transit, traffic
ЖЙ tsdro passage, pathway, alley, aisle
^Ж'Т-Ь kaitsusuru be opened to [for] traf-
fic
^5Ж futsQ impassability, interruption, stop-
page, tie-up
tsuyosuru pass, circulate, pass [go]
current, hold good
Ж Ж tsuka currency, current money
St Ж ryutsu circulation of money or goods;
flow of water; ventilation
0 go to and from, go back and forth, commute
Ж1Й tsukin commuting, commutation, at-
tending office
Ж^ tsQgaku attending school, going to
school
ЖЙ tsusho commerce, trade, commercial
relation [intercourse]
00 (transmit or interchange information) com-
municate, exchange information, let
know
0 interpret (from a foreign language)
0 (form a connecting passage) communicate
(with), lead to
a fflll tsushin correspondence, communica-
tion, information
tsutatsusuru communicate, no-
tify; attain proficiency
_________________________________________
Ж & tsukoku notice, notification, an-
nouncement
Жп£ tsuwa telephone call
5^Ж buntsQ correspondence, exchange of
letters
b ЖЖ tsQyaku interpreting; interpreter
Ж 5^ tsuben interpreter (in Edo period)
с МЖ chokutsu direct communication
[service]; through service [traffic]
0 through, from beginning to end
ЖЖ tsusan sum total, aggregate
Жд^'Т-Ь tsQdoku suru read through
Ж^ tsQkan consecutive number of volumes
ЖЙ tsuya vigil, deathwatch
0 common, general, universal, popular
Ж^0 tsujdno common, ordinary, usual
ЖВ tsusho popular [common] name
Ж^ tsQnen common idea, generally ac-
cepted idea
Ж1Й tsusetsu common opinion, popular view
Ж{&И tsuzokuteki popular, common
^ЖО futsQ no normal, regular, ordinary
ЙЖ^ kydtsQno common
0 know [understand] thoroughly, be thor-
oughly familiar with, master
ЖЛ tsQjin manoftheworld,manabout
town; dilettante
18Ж’<Г^ seitsusuru be well versed in, have
thorough knowledge of
[INDEPENDENT!
[tsGjiru (=tsuzuru) Ж136(=ЖТ<5)]
0 pass, run, be opened to, communicate with
0 pass electric current, transmit
а Ж13 tsuji passage, evacuation; movement of
the bowels
Ж13Т tsQjite through; through(out)
[KUN]
[toru Ж <5 J
O0 pass (by), go along [past], get through
0 pass for [as], be known as, pass current
а Ж 0 tdrikakaru happen to pass by
Ж 0 Ж tdrimichi path
ИТ^Ж<5 machiotoru pass through town
t> ф^ТгЖ Ъ honmono de toru pass for [as]
genuine
0 be transparent, be pervious to (light)
}2сГЖ<5 suki tor и be transparent
[ JL к J
741
1982
[ "п г 1
ЕН?_____________________________________________
3 [tori ВО]
О0 PASSage; drainage
© street traffic, coming and going
а Ж О И torigayoi pass [run] well
b ЛЖ0 hitodori traffic
0 street, avenue, road
^чЖ odori main street
© accordance, agreement, conformity
ЙЖ О Ж 0 yakusoku no tori true to one's
promise, as promised
[-tori -Ж0]
0 counter for kinds
© counter for ways (of doing)
аьНЖ 0 mitori (=santori) three kinds; three
ways
L-dori -Ж0]
О suffix after names of streets [avenues]
Ft lllffi ty aoyamaddri Aoyama Street
0 [also suffix] as, according to, in accordance
with
Ж ty katadori formally, in due form
Й15СЖ ty chumondori as ordered
[tOSU ЖТ]
O0 let pass, let go by; run (a thread) through
0 let in, admit, usher
0 pass through, penetrate, pierce
а Ж’Йг/иЙ tosenbo barring (a person's) way
Ж”5~ saki ni tosu let (a person) pass first
Ь?£ЖТ kyakuotosu showaguestin
с ^ЙЖЬ senmaidoshi eyeleteer
Ж£Ж2&И mizu о tosanai be impervi-
ous to water
0 be transparent, be pervious to (light)
Ж”Т hikariо tosu be pervious to light
0 pass [carry] (a bill)
ШЖ£ЖГ gian о tosu pass [see] a bill
(through the House)
0 [also verbal suffix] carry through, stick to
ffl? L Ж'Т oshitosu push through, carry it
through, hold out to the end
[toshi ЖЫ
О letting pass; showing in
ЖЖ L kazetdshi ventilation
ЗоЖЬЬ/£$Н Otoshi shinasai Ask
[Show] him in
0 through, consecutive, straight
Ж L7T toshide right through, direct, straight
ЖЬЩ$ toshikippu through ticket
ЖЖЬ mitoshi perspective, vista; prospect,
outlook
[-doshi -ЖЬ] continuing
L yodoshi all through the night
XL "Ё> Ж L $) Ъ tachidoshi de aru keep
standing (all the way)
[ kayou Ж О ] go to and from, go back and
forth, commute; frequent a place, visit often
ЖН kayoi going back and forth, commuting;
living out; passbook
^Й^Ж 5 gakko e kayou attend school
IHOMOPHONESI
toru jft PASSTHROUGH =^1981
tori xS PASSTHROUGH =>®3108
tosu jS passthrough =>®3108
► MAKE
ZO tsuku(ru) tsuku(ri) -zuku(ri)
O0 make, produce, manufacture, shape, coin
0 build (various structures as building or
ships), construct
a ielfll zoketsu blood making, hematosis
IsTL zoka artificial flower; artificial flower
making
ХаЖ zokei molding, modeling
iSK zohei coinage, mintage
KiS seizo production, manufacture
t&Xa kaizo remodeling; reorganization
Шзй kozo structure, construction, framework
ЙОЖ sozo creation
ЙШйн shuzo sake brewing; distilling
b in®) zosen shipbuilding
ЖЙс'ТЪ zoseisuru create, clear, reclaim
Жды chikuzo building, construction
0 suffix indicating material composition
1983
742
3-7
ЖзВФ mokuzdno wooden
[KUN]
[tsukuru jB<5]
O0 make (as an object that requires time and
skill), manufacture, fabricate, fashion
© build (ships or buildings), construct
Й&^зВ-Ь funeо tsukuru build a ship
0 make (wine), brew
fiiB 0 sakezukuri sake brewing
[tsukuri iBO]
0 making, building, constructing (as buildings
or ships)
© make, structure, construction
a JB 0 faW'CD tsukuritsuke no built-in
b iB	tsukuri no ganjd na ie
house of solid structure
[-zukuri -iB 0 ] [also suffix]
0 make, structure; style of building
© building, constructing, developing
a	bokazukuri fireproof construction
^СЖЖ5В 0 sukiyazukuri sukiya style of
building, style of a tea-ceremony arbor
b Я0ЙЙЁ1В 0 bessochizukuri developing a
villa site
IHOMQPHONESI
tsukuru
ft MAKE =>0049
CREATE =>01815
tsukuri ft MAKE =>0049
-zukuri MAKE =>0049
► UNFOLD
► DISPLAY
TEN [Ц nobu hiro hiraku
1984 □ 3-3-7		Г 44	Joyb-6		S10-3-7			K3724	
			A0419		®3111			U5C55	
\ —7 i ~==3 1	2	rr 3 4			5	6	7	Ж 8		Ж 9
ICOMPOUNDSl
О unfold, develop, expand, evolve
tenkai unfolding, development, evolu-
tion; deployment
hatten expansion, growth, develop-
ment; prosperity
iBU shinten development, progress
Жй'Т-Ь shinten suru expand, extend
00 (spread out before the view ofthe public)
display, exhibit, put on display
0 [also suffix] abbrev. of tenrankai:
exhibition, exhibit
tenjisuru put on display, exhibit
tenrankai exhibition
tenkansuru exhibit
ь (ЮЖ koten personal exhibition
dezainten design exhibition
37 U Ш dariten exhibition of Dali's paintings
© take an extensive view of
SU tenbo view, outlook, prospect
1985
□3-3-7
► STORAGE CHAMBER
KO KU kuraT
Jdyd-3	S10-3-7	K2443
B0667	®3112	U5EAB
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [also suffix] [original meaning] storage cham-
ber, esp. a large structure for storing vehi-
cles; storehouse, warehouse
^=ГЖ soko warehouse, storehouse
4еЖ kinko strong box, cashbox
Ж Ж shako car shed, garage
ЖЖ hdko treasure house, treasury
ХЖ bunko library; collection of literary
works; box for stationery
ЙЕЖ zaiko stock, stockpile
(И Ж kokko (National) Treasury
4аЖ koko municipal [state] treasury
Ж&ЙЖ kakundko hangar, airplane shed
[HOMOPHONES]
kura
Ж STORE =>1530
> STOREHOUSE =>1334
743
1984-1985
□ 3-7
L_ 1986
□ 3-3-7
► SEAT
SEKI
	Jdyd-4	S10-3-7	K3242
50	A0414	03113	U5E2D
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] seat, one's place
sekiji order of seats, seating precedence;
class standing
zaseki seat
И8JSj giseki seat (in an assembly house)
sokusekino impromptu, offhand
Я*daseki batter's box; one's turn at bat
НЁ/Ж shuseki top seat; the Chairman
ИнлЁЙ» shiteiseki reserved seat
—ippanseki general admission seat
0 meeting place, hall; meeting
JtTF' sekijo de at the meeting; on the oc-
casion
ffiJS shusseki attendance, presence
АЙ» kesseki absence, nonattendance
kaiseki meeting place
3c enseki banquet hall, dinner party
IINDEPENDENTl
[seki Йэ] seat, one's place
< sekini tsuku take a seat
(SPECIAL READINGS]
ЖЙ» yose storyteller's hall, variety hall
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] court, courtyard, yard
КЙ kotei schoolyard, campus
0 garden, ornamental garden
ЙЙ teien garden, park
5Й sekitei rockgarden
0 home, family
ЖЙ katei home, family, household
[KUN]
[niwa Й] garden; court, courtyard
Й A niwaki garden tree, shrub
ЙЙР niwashi gardener
ФЙ nakaniwa courtyard
1988
□ 3-3-7
► TANG DYNASTY
TO kara
□	Joyo	510-3-7	K3766
30	D1702	03115	U5510
10
IcompoundsI
1987
□3-3-7
► COURT
► GARDEN
TEI niwa HI ba
r	Jdyd-3	510-3-7	K3677
53	B0860	03114	U5EAD
О TANG DYNASTY (618-907 A.D.)
tocho Tang Dynasty
MfHf toshi Tang poetry
0 Cathay, China; foreign countries in general
WA tdjin Chinese; foreigner
w# toon Tang reading of Chinese characters
“F togarashi red pepper
keto slang foreigner, Westerner
[KUN]
[kara W] elegant term for China, Cathay
W® karayd Chinese style [design]
IHOMOPHONESI
kara IIх SOUTH KOREA 1757
A
1989
□ 3-3-7
► SEAT
► SIT
ZA suwa(ru)
r	Jdyd-6	510-3-7	K2634
53	B0619	©3116	U5EA7
1986-1989
744
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (place for sitting) seat
ЖЖ zaseki seat
ЖЯа^ Ш zayu nosho one's desk-side book
Ж1& zashiki drawing room, parlor; Japanese-
style room
Ж'ЛзВЗ zabuton (floor) cushion
НЕЙ* dza throne
_ЕЖ kamiza (=joza) top seat, seat of honor
00 (one's position) seat, status, (social) posi-
tion
© place, position
а Й5Ж koza lectureship, (professor's) chair;
course of study
b Ж® zahyo coordinates
йРЖ(С1 sokuzani immediately, promptly, at
once
□ Ж kdza (bank) account
S Ж tdza the present, the time being; cur-
rent account
© sit, take a seat, sit down
жёг zaga sitting and lying down
Ж® zazen Zen meditation
ЖВ1’3"'Ь zashosuru run aground, be
stranded
тЕЖ'Т'Ь seizasuru sit upright [straight]
0 company, gathering, party
Жп^с^с zadankai round-table talk, sympo-
sium
0 suffix after names of theaters
ВД?пЖ meijiza the Meijiza Theater
>С^Ж bungakuza the Bungaku Company
0 constellation
ЖЖ seiza constellation
0 used phonetically for za
$ФЖ И	gozaimasu [polite] be, exist
[KUN]
[suwaru Ж %> ] sit down, take a seat
Ж 0 suwari stability
Ж 0 suwarikomi sit-in, sit-down
(strike)
Й’Ж'Ь isuwaru settle down, stay on; remain
in the same position unwantedly
IHOMQPHONESI
3-8 □
— 3
suwaru
=>03547	'
INSTALL =>0365
suwari *EX =><S>3547
I fp	incorrect stroke-count
)j\\\	=>see ПЗ-З-8: Г at 1997
□ 3-3-7
► LET SLIP
ITSU Ц] hayaru
1990 □3-3-8	162	Joyo	S11-3-8	K1679
		C1526	®3120	U9038
	^’l		&T		® я- Ж it	
ICOMPOUNDSl
О let slip, miss, lose, let go, let pass
ikkyu muffed ball, missed ball
ikkisuru miss a chance, lose an
opportunity
koitsusuru let (a ball) pass, miss (a
grounder)
0 deviate from the norm, swerve from a
course
ЙЖ itsudatsu deviation, departure from the
norm
hoitsu self-indulgence, looseness, disso-
luteness
0 exceptional, superb, outstanding, excellent
Йди ippin superb article
ЙИ" itsuzai person of (exceptional) talent
shuitsu supreme excellence
1991
□ 3-3-8
► ADVANCE
SHIN susu(mu) susu(meru)
m nobu
162	Jdyd-3	S11-3-8	K3142
	A0153	03121	U9032
745
1990-1991
□ 3-8
3 RtTWZo
123456789
ZE®
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (move forward in position)
advance, go forward, proceed
© (move forward in rank) advance in rank,
become promoted
a <5 shinkdsuru advance, make prog-
ress, go forward
ЖЙ shinro course, route
jUHj shinshutsu advance, march; debouch-
ment
shinnyusuru penetrate, go into,
enter
zenshinsuru advance, go ahead
koshinsuru march, parade
tosshinsuru dash [rush] forward,
push ahead
—-b nishin suru advance to second
(base)
b shingaku entering a school of higher
grade
shinkyu promotion (to a higher grade)
shoshin promotion, advancement
00 (make progress) advance, make progress,
improve
© (aid the progress of) advance, promote,
further
а ХШФ shinpo progress, advancement, im-
provement
ХЁЖ shinten development, progress
ifiiL shinka evolution, progress
U senshinkoku advanced [developed]
nation [country]
yakushin rapid advance [progress]
b -b suishin suru propel, drive; pro-
mote
Ъ sokushin suru promote, spur on,
facilitate
zoshinsuru promote, improve,
advance
© present to a superior, proffer, offer
ХЁзе'Т-Ь shinteisuru proffer, present
shinmotsu gift
Wifi kishin contribution, donation
[KUN]
[susumu BtT]
O0 (move forward in position) advance, go
forward
© (of clocks) go too fast
a	susumideru step forward
0 (make progress) advance, make progress, be
promoted
susumi progress
bunmei ga susumu
ni tsurete with the advance of civiliza-
tion
daigaku e susumu enter a uni-
versity
[susumeru
O0 (cause to move forward in position) advance,
move forward
© (raise in rank) advance, raise, promote
0 set (a clock) ahead
а Ж	gun о susumeru move troops
forward
0 (aid the progress of) advance, promote,
further
keikaku о susumeru carry a
plan forward
IHOMOPHONESI
susumeru
&J URGE =>1202
Й ENCOURAGE =>02842
Ж RECOMMEND =>1537
Ж	► WEEK SHU			
1992		Jdyd-2	S11-3-8	K2921
□3-3-8	162	B0641	®3122	U9031
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 week, weekly
shukan week
ЙТ1] shukan weekly publication, weekly
konshu this week
1992
746
—iBlfyj nishukan two weeks
[INDEPENDENT!
[Shu iS]WEEK
Ж H 0 shu ni sankai three times a week
------------------------------------------------- 4
kenkd na healthy, sound, well
0 (free from danger or hardship) peaceful, secure,
safe
ФЖ shoko lull, respite, breathing spell (of
peace)
Ж	► CATCH A CRIMINAL TAI			
1993 □ 3-3-8	162	Joyo	S11-3-8	K3465
		B0783	®3123	U902E
1	2	3 ICOMPOUNDSI	4	5	6	7	8	9			
0 [original meaning] (chase after and reach out to
capture) catch a criminal, capture
MJS tai ho arrest, capture
taihojo warrant of arrest
□3-3-8	incorrect stroke-count =>see 03-3-9: i_ at 2001
	incorrect stroke-count
□ 3-3-8	=>see □ 3-3-7: i_ at 1981
1^	incorrect stroke-count
1/JT □ 3-3-8	=>see □ 3-3-9: x_ at 2008
► HEALTHY
КО Ц] yasu yasushi
1994	r	Jdyd-4	S11-3-8	K2515
□ 3-3-8	53	B0806	®3124	U5EB7
ICOMPOUNDSI
О HEALTHY, robust
kenkd health
1995
□ 3-3-8
► HEMP
► BECOME NUMB
MA MAA asa
Й	Joyo	S11-11-0	K4367
200	C1234	®3125	U9EBB
				г		
10	11
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] hemp, flax or other
similar plants
0 hemp fiber, flax fiber
а SlJ® ama flax
abltW кота (=dma) jute
ЛЙ taima hemp; paper amulet used in
Shinto rites
0 become numb, become palsied
masui anesthesia
ЙЖ mayaku narcotic, drug
1ЙЖ* mahi paralysis, palsy, numbness, anes-
thesia
О unclassified compounds
]Й1Г majan mahjong
[KUN|
[asa J®] hemp, flax, jute; hemp fiber, flax
fiber
asanuno hemp cloth, linen
asabukuro jute bag
► DEER
ROKU shika ka Ц] kano
□ 3-3-8
Й	Names	S11-11-0	K2815
198	B0734	®3126	U9E7F
[kun]
[shika Й] deer, stag, hind
ЙЙ shikagawa deerskin
747
1993-1996
□ 3-8
3 [ка
О [in compounds] deer
kanoko dapples, pattern of white
>	spots; fawn
© used phonetically for ka
ЖЙ baka fool, blockhead; nonsense
[note]
★do not confuse with Ж =><S>160
|ft|7	incorrect stroke-count
/W	=>see ПЗ-З-9: Г at 2011
□ 3-3-8
► MANIFOLD
SHO
1997	Г	Joyo	S11-3-8	K2978
□3-3-8	53	D1722	©3127	U5EB6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О manifold, many, numerous, various, gen-
eral
shomu general affairs
shoji various matters
ЙЖ shosei all phases of government
© the masses, common people, populace
shomin common people, the masses
► MEDIOCRE
YO Щ nobu yasu tsune
1998
□ 3-3-8
r	Joyo	511-3-8	K4539
53	D2072	03128	U5EB8
ICOMPOUNDSl
© mediocre, commonplace, common, ordi-
nary, banal; stupid
yosai mediocre talent
bon'ydna commonplace, mediocre,
banal
ФЖ chuyo the (golden) mean, the middle
path
1999
□3-3-9
► SLOW
► LATE
CHI oku(reru) oku(rasu) oso(i)
x_	Joyo	512-3-9	K3557
162	B0807	03133	U9045
123456789
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (not fast) slow, tardy
J®®/!-?) chichitaru slow, lagging, tardy
chimyaku slow pulse
©0 (delayed) late, tardy
© be late, be tardy, be delayed
a jS® chien delay, retardation
chihai delay in rationing
b iB^IJ chikoku tardiness, lateness
18^ chisan lateness, tardiness
[kun]
[okureru
0 be late, be tardy, be delayed
0 (ofclocks) go slow, lose
a JBtl okure being late; (ofclocks) going slow
chieokure mental retardation
Ж Ю noriokureru miss [fail to catch]
(a train)
[okurasu	delay, put off, retard
henji о okurasu defer one's
reply
Pxf — Byf fej jB it Ъ tokei о ichijikan
okuraseru turn back a watch one hour
[osoi И] (not fast) slow, tardy; (delayed)
late, tardy
H ashi ga osoi be slow-footed
osoumareno born after April 1
(school entrance date)
of osozaki late blooming, late flower
1997-1999
748
I HOMOPHONES]
okureru AFTER =>0267
okure Ш AFTER =>0267
► WAY
DO TO michi (D osamu wataru
torn
2000		Jdyd-2	SI 2-3-9	K3827
□3-3-9	162	A0145	03134	U9053
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 [original meaning] way, path, road, track
0 passage, duct
а ЖЙг doro road, street, way
Ж?И dotei distancejourney, itinerary; proc-
ess
ЙЖ tetsudo railway
ЖЖ kaido thoroughfare, highway
$ЛЖ kido track, railway; planetary orbit-
beaten track
ФЖ hodd sidewalk, footpath
b ЙЁАЖ chikado underpass, underground
passage
7КЖ suido water service [supply]; channel
ЖЖ kido air passage
АЖ shokudd esophagus
0 the way of moral conduct, moral principles,
morality, right way of life (esp. according to
Confucian precepts), truth
Ж® dotoku morality, morals
ЖЙ dori reason, right, justice, truth
ЖЙ! dogi morality, moral principles
1ЕЖ seido path of righteousness, right track
ЛЖЙ/£ jindotekina humane, humanitar-
ian
© the way, Tao, Do—a basic concept in Oriental
religion and philosophy:
0 Taoism unitary first principle of existence,
Taoism
0 Buddhism the way ofthe Buddha, the
teachings of Buddha
1ФЖ shinto Shinto, the Way ofthe Gods
3-9 □
,_,a--------------------------------------a
texE dendo gospel preaching, missionary •"*
work, evangelism
а Ж^ dokyo Taoism
ЖЖ doka Taoist scholar
b ЖД dogu tool, utensil, implement; furniture;
theatrical appurtenances; tool, means;	j=j
ingredient	'
Ж>С? doshin faith (in Buddha), piety; bonze,
priest; sense of morality	г—.
АЖТЪ nyudo suru become a bonze, re-	’
nounce the world
0 [also suffix] the way of an art, esp. the princi-
ples of training and mental discipline of an
art (as a martial art); art, way of life
ЖШ dojo dojo, gymnasium
ЯгЖ judo judo
ЙЖ budo martial arts
ШЖ shodd calligraphy, penmanship
ЖЖ sadd (=chado) tea ceremony
ЙзЬЖ bushido Bushido (samurai code of
behavior)
1Ш1У1Ж onmyodo (=on'yddo) art of divining
0 [also prefix] District of Hokkaido (northern
island of Japan)
Ж К domin people of Hokkaido
ЖЙё dogikai Hokkaido Prefectural Assem-
bly
4Ь#5Ж hokkaido Hokkaido
^Ж)ЙЖ todofuken urban and rural prefec-
tures
0 say, convey
ФИЖ hodo news, report, information
ЖВдЖ®т££ gongododan na inexcusable,
outrageous, absurd
[KUN|
[michi Ж]
O0 [also prefix and suffix] way, road, path,
street; highway, track
© (distance in general) way, distancejourney
0 halfway
а ЖЙЙ michibata roadside, wayside
Ж)® michijun route, itinerary
ЖЖЛ michiannai guiding, guide; guide-
post
ЖМ&ёз michikusa о кии loiter, dawdle;
waste one's time on the way
Й^Ж sakamichi slope
Й5Ж sujimichi reason, thread (of an
749
2000
[ □ "b T Г' J
О 3-9
argument), coherence; systematic
method, due formality
sanpomichi walk, promenade, espla-
nade
b	gokiro no michi distance of five
kilometers
с Ш 0	kaerimichi de on one's way home
0 way of doing, means, course of action
§	05Й jikatsu no michi independent liv-
ing
jimichina steady, straight, fair
tsukaimichi use, application
© the way of moral conduct, path of right-
eousness, moral principles, morality, right
way of life
michinaranu improper, illicit
AZt'Silf <C hitotaru michi ni somuku
stray from the path of righteousness
ISPECIAL READINGS]
hidoi cruel, harsh, rough; severe,
intense, heavy
IHOMOPHONESI
michi ROAD =>1031
hidoi
85 И =>®1562
#11И =>0598,2000
► TREAT
► ENCOUNTER
GU
2001	x_	Joyo	S12-3-9	K2288
□ 3-3-9	162	C1290	@3135	U9047
Ъ sogusuru encounter, come across
nfjf! kigu unexpected meeting, chance en-
counter
senzai-ichigu no experienced
once in a thousand years, very rare
0 fate, luck, one’s lot
куодй one’s lot, circumstances, situation
in life
2002
□3-3-9
► ALLOVER
HEN
x_	Joyo	S12-3-9	K4255
162	D1902	@3136	U904D
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
О all over, everywhere, universal, ubiqui-
tous, widespread
lUffi henzai omnipresence, ubiquity
jjiHf henreki travels, pilgrimage
henro pilgrim
fuhentekina universal, omnipres-
ent, ubiquitous
< manben naku evenly, equally;
without exception; all over
0 counter for number of times
Ейш gohen five times
nanben how many times
{йрйаЪ nanben mo several [many] times,
very often
		15
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
О treat, entertain, receive, deal with
Ъ taigusuru treat, receive, entertain
shogusuru treat, deal with
/tjjS reigii cold treatment, frigid reception
Й31М chigu favor, warm friendship
Ъ уйди suru treat favorably, receive
warmly
0 (meet by chance) encounter, happen to
meet, come across, meet with
2003
□ 3-3-9
► PASS BY
► EXCEED
KA su(giru) -su(giru) -su(gi)
su(gosu) ayama(tsu) ayama(chi)
x_	Joyo-5	SI 2-3-9	K1865
162	A0298	<8)3137	U904E
1 | П | TH | TH
i.....г.....3.....4

2001-2003
750
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] pass by, go past, pass
through
3®S katei process, course
з®Йх^Я katoki transitional period [stage]
зЖзЙ’З'-б tsuka suru pass through, carry (a
resolution)
®3® keika progress, course, development-
lapse, passage
^3®'IS<Z) ikkaseino temporary, transitory
0 (of time) pass by [away], elapse
3®£ kako the past, bygone days
3® 0 kajitsu the other day, some days ago
©0 exceed, be above, be over
0 [prefix] excessive, over-, too much, super-
fl 3®Я kajo surplus, excess
3®?n kamitsu overcrowding
3® kato na excessive, undue, unreason-
able
3®^*^^ kanetsusuru overheat, superheat
3®^ karo overwork
choka suru exceed, be in excess,
be above
b з®Ф8& kahansQ majority, more than half
I®ffiS kahogo overprotectiveness
0 error, fault, mistake, slip
i®^ kashitsu error, fault, mistake; negli-
gence
>кз® taika serious error, gross mistake
Из® zaika fault
[kun]
[sugiru з® cf <5 J pass by, go past, pass
through; (of time) pass by [away], elapse, ex-
pire; exceed, be above, go too far
3®af5fe<5 sugisaru pass (away), elapse
зШ ^9 3® cf torisugiru go past, pass
3® aSТсЖ sugita koto the past, bygones,
past event
S+ j® cf Ъ goju о sugiru be above 50
jddan ga sugiru carry a joke
too far
[-sugiru -j® [verbal suffix] over-, too, to
excess, to a fault
ft^j® tabesugiru overeat oneself
?|J □ 3® of <5 rikosugiru be too clever
[-sugi -j®^]
О [suffix] past, after
3-9 □
rwi®<£ niji sugi ni after two o'clock
0 [verbal suffix] over-, too much, excessive
aS nomisugi overdrinking
[sugosu j®£T]
О pass [spend] (time), tide over, get through
0 ^3® ichinichi о sugosu pass a day
#&3®ГТ fuyu о sugosu go through the
winter
00 [verbal suffix] let pass, leave alone
0 [also verbal suffix] go too far, overdo
a ty 3® yarisugosu let (a person) go
past
йз®^'Т misugosu let go by, let pass; over-
look, miss
ь Й1® nesugosu oversleep
[ayamatsu 3®O] err, make a mistake
3® о T ayamatte be mistaken, in error; by
accident
[ayamachi з®] fault; error, mistake
3®t5	ayamachi о aratameru cor-
rect a fault
[ JL L□]
2004
□ 3-3-9
► ACCOMPLISH
SUI to(geru) tsui(ni)A
x_	Joyo	S12-3-9	K3175
162	C1443	03138	U9042
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (complete successfully) accomplish, achieve,
attain, complete, carry out, execute, commit,
perform
ЖЪ*’?"-?) suikosuru accomplish, execute,
perform, carry out
^Ж'Т-^ kansuisuru execute successfully,
accomplish, bring to completion
тКЖФ misuino attempted (suicide, etc.)
[KUN]
[togeru Ж J accomplish, achieve,
attain, fulfill, realize, carry out
ЙсЬЖ^-Ь nashitogeru complete, carry
out, accomplish
751
2004
□ 3-9
Ж О Ж U1 Ъ yaritogeru carry out, complete;
achieve
r [tsuini Ж J at last, at length, in the end,
4 finally
IHOMOPHONESI
f3* tsuini END =>®1336
[NOTE]
г—г ★do not confuse with Ж one by one =>1975
2005
□ 3-3-9
► ATTAIN
TATSU -tachiA ID toru satoru date
	Jdyd-4	S12-3-9	K3503
162	B0540	®3139	U9054
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (arrive at) attain, reach, arrive, come up
to, gain
© (succeed in reaching a goal) attain, achieve,
reach, realize
a totatsu arrival; attainment
sendatsu guide, precursor, pioneer,
leader
hattatsu suru develop, grow,
make progress
tasseisuru attain, achieve, accom-
plish
DUS chotatsu supply, procurement; execu-
tion (of an order); raising (money)
eitatsu success in life, rise in the world
© attain proficiency or maturity, understand
thoroughly, be versed in, be skillful
l^A tatsujin expert, master
tappitsu good handwriting
tassha na expert, proficient, clever;
healthy, well, strong, robust
_bj8’<r<5 jdtatsusuru make progress, attain
proficiency
jukutatsu suru attain proficiency,
become expert
© deliver, convey
ЙЕЖ haitatsu delivery
sokutatsu special delivery, express mail
fcjH dentatsu transmission, conveyance,
communication; propagation
sdtatsu conveyance, delivery, dispatch
0 issue a notice, issue [deliver] orders, notify
tsutatsu communication, notification;
proficiency
7КЙ1 jitatsu (=shitatsu) instructions, direc-
tions
[INDEPENDENT!
[tassuru -6] (arrive at) attain, reach,
arrive, come up to, amount to; issue a notice,
issue [deliver] orders, notify
Ж-Ь (СЖ'TЪ chojo ni tassuru attain the
summit
11Й %) mokuteki о tassuru attain
one's aim, achieve one's purpose
[KUN]
L-tachi -й] [suffix]
О suffix, often polite, for forming the plural of
pronouns, people or animals
watakushitachi we
dobutsutachi animals
© ...and the others
ill ffl $ /uiS yamadasantachi Mr. Yamada
and the others
ISPECIAL READINGS]
JCjH tomodachi friend, companion
я
2006
□3-3-9
► CARRY
► MOVE
► FORTUNE
UN hako(bu)
	Joyo-3	S12-3-9	K1731
162	A0277	®3140	U904B
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (move something from one place to another in
one's hands or in a vehicle) carry, transport,
ship
© carriage, transport, transportation
a J®ft un'yu transport(ation), conveyance
unso shipping, transportation
2005-2006
752
ЙЙЙх’З"Ъ ипрап suru carry, transport, con-
ч vey, deliver
1ЙЖ kaiun marine transportation, merchant
shipping
HttjH rikuun land transportation [carriage]
shuun transportation by water
b JS jf unchin freight [shipping] expense,
passenger fare
ЙМ unga canal
©0 [original meaning] move, revolve
0 control MOVEment skillfully, handle, set
in motion
а 2Й undo motion, movement; exercise;
campaign
undokai sports meeting, meet
ЙЕЙЯ unko navigation; (airline or shipping)
service
ЙЕ f“TЪ unko suru revolve, orbit; operate
ипкуй suspension of (bus) service
b Ъ unten suru operate, drive, run
untenshi officer, mate; driver
un'eisuru operate, manage
ЙЕД'Т'Ь un'ydsuru make use of; invest in;
apply to
unpitsu handling the brush
© fortune, luck, fate, destiny, chance
ЙЕ unmei fate, fortune, destiny
un'yoku fortunately, luckily
koun good luck
'T‘31 fuun misfortune, bad luck
ttiS shaun fortune of the company
[INDEPENDENT!
[un 31] fortune, luck, fate, destiny, chance
ungawarui out of luck
ЙЕ <5 un ni makaseru trust to luck
[kun]
[hakobu carry, transport
ha ко bi carriage; step, pace; progress,
development; stage
hakobidasu bring out, carry out
2007
□ 3-3-9
► FAR
YO haru(ka) Щ haru
x_	Names	S12-3-9	K4558
162	D2467	03141	U9065
ICOMPOUNDSI
3-9 □
— 3
Ф far, faraway, far-off, distant, remote
iSS yohai worshiping from afar
[KUN]
[haruka	j=r
haruka na far, faraway, far-off, dis- .
tant, remote	/
haruka kanatano faraway, far- Д
off
haruka mukashi long ago
ЖЙЧС haruka ni far, far off, in the distance; a
long time ago; by far
Sill harubaru from afar, all the way; at a
great distance
YU YU aso(bu) aso(basu)
2008	x_	Jdyd-3	S12-3-9	K4523
□3-3-9	162	B0879	03142	U904A
1 1 1 p		il'		| У i		
123456789
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
О play, amuse oneself
ЖЙЖ yugi game, pastime, amusement
ЖИ уйкуд merrymaking, spree
ЖНЙ1 yuenchi amusement park
© tour, take a pleasure trip or excursion, make
a study tour
Ж^ yugaku traveling to study
жш yusan excursion, outing, picnic
Ж1Й yuzei electioneering tour; campaign
speech
^$Ж gaiyu foreign tour, trip abroad
®Ж rekiyu traveling, tour, pleasure trip
[KUN]
[asobu Жplay, amuse oneself; play
around with, flirt; make an excursion, take a
trip; visit
ЖО^ asobi play, sport; amusement, fun; di-
version; visit; outing; dissipation; play (of
a wheel)
ЖГ/Ш asobiba playground
753
2007-2008
□ 3-9
3
Г
Г
□
ЙЦХЛ asobinin gambler; playboy
[asobasu	[honorific] be pleased to,
deign, condescend
ЖЙ’&ЖЖ asobasekotoba polite language
used by women
► BELONG TO
ZOKU [Ц sakka
OG belong to, pertain to, be one of
0 be subordinate to, depend upon
a #Ж'Т-Ь fuzoku suru be attached to, be-
long to
ЙЛтЖ'Т^) shozokusuru belong to, be at-
tached to
^Ж'З"^) senzokusuru belong exclusively to
Ж® gunzoku army civilian employee
b Ж Ж zokuryo possession, dependency, do-
minion
Ж ffl zokkoku vassal state, dependency
®ЁЖ juzoku subordination, dependency
0 [also suffix] subordinate official
ВЕЖ^-Ь haizokusuru assign, attach
д|5Ж buzoku section, division
00 genus, kind, sort, family; category
0 biol genus
а ^Ж kinzoku metal
®Ж sonzoku ascendant
b Ж^з zokumei generic name
ЙЖ nekozoku the cat genus
IINDEPENDENTl
[zokusuru ] belong to, pertain to,
be one of, be associated with
Й^^Ж'Т'Ь seito nizokusuru belong to a
political party
k ABOLISH
IgX ► WASTE
/ J | HAI suta(reru) suta(ru)
2010	Г Joyo	S12-3-9 K3949
□ 3-3-9	53 B0665 <8)3146 U5EC3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О abolish, abandon, discontinue, give up
haishisuru abolish, abandon, dis-
continue
ЙЖ haian rejected bill [project]
ЛйТО haikan discontinuance of publication
ЛйЖ haiki discarding, abolition, annulment
ЛЙ31 haihan abolition of the han system
ЛЙЙЁ haizetsu extinction
^ЛЙ zenpai (total) abolition
И&ЛЙ teppai abolition, removal
0 waste, useless, discarded, abandoned,
obsolete
ЛЙдд haihin waste articles, junk
ЛЙ#Х haigasu waste gas
ЛЙЙ: hainetsu waste heat
ЛЙЙ haikd abandoned mine
^ЛЙ kohai desolation, waste, ruin
[KUN]
[sutareru ЛЙ J go out of use, fall into
disuse, be outmoded
ЛЙ^17С1 sutareta disused, out of date, obso-
lete
[sutaru ЛЙ^] same as sutareru ЛЙ^Ьб
ЛЙ 0 sutari waste, wastage, waster
2011
□ 3-3-9
► CORRIDOR
RO
Joyo	512-3-9	K4713
C1598	03147	U5ECA
2009-2011
754
3-10 □
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] corridor, gallery, pas-
sageway, hall
roka corridor, gallery, passage
И® gard picture gallery
0Ж kaird corridor, gallery
2012
□ 3-3-9
► SPHERE
KEN
□	Joyo	S12-3-9	K2387
31	C1029	03148	U570F
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
[also suffix]
O0 (spherical domain of action) sphere, realm,
circle, domain, zone, radius, range
0 circle
а seibutsuken biosphere
ЖИ1Ш bdfuken storm zone
tsdshinkengai out ofthe range of
communication
BH pondoken sterling zone
hokkyokuken arctic zone; Arctic
Circle
b	□ — X taiken kosu great circle route
© (domain of influence) sphere, circle, domain
eiкуб ken sphere of influence
kyosanken the Communist bloc
2013
□ 3-3-10
► DISTANT
EN ON to(i)
	Jdyd-2	S13-3-10	K1783
162	B0825	03150	U9060
I ' I I I у I Jp I Jp I
1	2....3.... 4....5....6.....7....8....9...
Ж Ж Ж
10 11 12 13
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 distant (in space), far, remote
© distant (in time), far-off, remote
0 become distant
a jallfeO enkakuno distant, remote, far
IS Ж enkei distant view, perspective
Ж>?7 enpo great distance; distant place
ensoku excursion, hike, long walk
jSfiE ensei (punitive) expedition, invasion;
tour
ЖШ enshi farsightedness
ЖЙ1 if enkyori long distance
ИЖ$Й bdenkyd telescope
Ь тКЖ e/en eternity
^\Ж kuon eternity
c Ж'1?Л enshinryoku centrifugal force
0 distant (in relationship), estranged
ЖЖ enryo reserve; hesitation; forethought,
prudence
§£Ж*<ГЪ keien suru keep at a respectful dis-
tance; avoid
ЙЖ soen estrangement, alienation, neglect
[KUN]
[toi Ж H ] far(-off), distant, remote (in time
or space)
ЖсГ/^& tozakaru become distant; keep
away
Ж < toku great distance
1S0 0 to ma wari roundabout way
ЖНеГ toimukashi remote past
Ж/^в1Г tokarazu in the offing
► DIFFER
► VIOLATE
I chiga(u) chiga(i) chiga(eru)
-chiga(eru)
2014
□3-3-10
	Joyo	S13-3-10	K1667
162	A0338	03151	U9055
755
2012-2014
□ 3-10
II £0^21 A & kusuri о nomichigaeru
take the wrong medicine
ICOMPOUNDSI
PI О DIFFER, be different
u	iwakan feeling of being out of place,
incongruity
ffljS soi difference, disparity
© violate, break, disobey
iSS ihan violation (of the law), infringement-
breach
ЙЙ; ihd illegality, unlawfulness
ЖЖ iken unconstitutionally, violation of the
constitution
31Й iyaku breach of promise
[KUN]
[chigau 31 d]
О differ, be different; differ in opinion, disa-
gree
31 □ Chigau No (that's not true)!
О Hanashi да chigau That's a differ-
ent story
© be mistaken, be wrong
МзЭ'Э machigau be mistaken, be incorrect
[chigai 31И]
О DIFFERence
kuichigai difference (in opinion),
cross-purposes; cross
© [also suffix] mistake
31И И chigainai no mistaking it, for cer-
tain
kanchigaisuru be under the
wrong impression
keisanchigai miscalculation
[chigaeru 31A6]
О change, alter
gS Ь 31A -b hanashikata о chigaeru
disguise one's speech
© mistake, make a mistake
machigaeru mistake, confuse
[-chigaeru -31 A<5] [verbal suffix] mis-, make
a mistake in performing an action
Жiichigaeru mistake, make a slip
JRL31A<5 michigaeru mistake, fail to recog-
nize
► DISPATCH
KEN tsuka(u) -tsuka(i) -zuka(i)
tsuka(wasu) Щ yari
2015 □ 3-3-10	162	Joyo	S13-3-10	K2415
		B0802	®3152	U9063
		V»	c=>	4»	Jfe.	l			it
12	3	4					5	6	7	8	9				
			5g	'<					
10	11	12	13
ICOMPOUNDSI
© dispatch, send
ЖЖ'Й’ kentoshi Japanese envoy to Tang
China
ЖЖ kenbei sending to America
Й^Ж’З"Ъ haken suru dispatch, send
Я^Ж bunken detachment, detail
т’сЖ’?"%) senken suru send ahead [in ad-
vance]
[KUN]
[tsukau Жэ]
О spend, use (time or money)
^Ж □ капе о tsukau spend money
© be anxious, worry
ЖЖ О kizukau feel anxious about, worry
about, have apprehensions of
[-tsukai,-zukai -jfiH]
О spending, spending money
mudazukai wasting money
/ЫИ kozukai pocket money, spending
money
© worrying, being anxious
Ж'ЖИ kokorozukai consideration, anxiety
© use (of language), spelling
kanazukai капа orthography, use
of капа
[tsukawasu ЖЪТ] dispatch, send; pres-
ent, bestow
shisha о tsukawasu dispatch
a messenger
[HOMOPHONES]
tsukau	USE =>0068
-tsukai	USE =>0068
2015
756
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ж leave behind =>2023
incorrect stroke-count
=>see D3-3-11: L_ at 2018
□ 3-3-10
2016
□ 3-3-10
► INCORRUPT
► CHEAP
REN Hl yasu kado yasushi
Г	Joyo	S13-3-10	K4687
53	D1895	03153	U5EC9
О incorrupt, honest and clean, upright,
cleanhanded
ЖЙ renchoku integrity, uprightness
renketsuna honest, incorruptible
seiren na incorruptible, honest, up-
right
ЙЖКА harenchina shameless, infamous,
impudent
© cheap, low-priced, bargain-priced, inex-
pensive
Ж®А renkana cheap, low-priced
ЖтЁ renbai bargain sale
(ЙЖХ£ teirenna cheap, inexpensive
2017
□ 3-3-10
► GARDEN
EN sono
□	Jdyd-2	S13-3-10	K1764
31	B0578	03156	U5712
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] [original meaning] garden, park,
plantation, farm
IUS engei gardening, horticulture
3-11 □
------------------------------------------------ 4
ffl H den'en fields and gardens, rural districts
ЙЕН teien garden, park
4a И koen park, public garden
^H rakuen paradise
ЖШН kajuen fruit garden, orchard
© public premises, institution	f31
^H gakuen educational institution, school h-
ЙЙН dobutsuen zoo	'
Й£НЙ yuenchi amusement park
yochien kindergarten
© abbrev. of ydchien: kindergarten
HiB enji kindergarten child
АН пуйеп entering kindergarten
0 suffix after names of business establish-
ments such as restaurants and tea shops,
esp. where there are gardens
A^H nagatanien Nagatanien (nameofa
tea shop)
[kun]
[sono H]//terary
О GARDEN
7ЁН hanazono flower garden
© institution
IHOMOPHONESI
sono IMPERIAL GARDEN =>1428
2018
□3-3-11
► INTERRUPT
SHA saegi(ru)
x_	Joyo	S14-3-11	K2855
162	D2040	03158	U906E
ICOMPOUNDSl
© interrupt, block (off), intercept, obstruct
ЖЙТ'Т'Ь shadansuru intercept, interrupt,
block, blockade, isolate
]KUN]
[saegiru 1Й & J interrupt, block (off), inter-
cept, obstruct
michi о saegiru block the way
kdsen о saegiru intercept the
757
2016-2018
□ 3-11
3 light
hanashiо saegiru interrupt (a
person)
* [original meaning] (come upon, esp. by accident)
meet with (disaster)
iBSS'Tsonan suru meet with disaster
Ж Ъ sogusuru encounter, come across
[kun]
[au ii 'S ] (come upon, esp. by accident) meet
with, encounter, be confronted
§§ V > @ Ж Z) hidoi me ni au have a bad
time
[awaseru Ж fait <5 ] subject to (an unfavor-
able experience), expose to
Й H @ (Z ЖЪ’Й’ %) itai me ni awaseru
make (a person) pay for (something)
IHOMQPHONESI
au
® TREAT =>03135
£ MEET =>1275
o' COMBINE =>1274
awaseru
£ MEET =>1275
o' COMBINE =>1274
TOGETHER =>0060
2020
□ 3-3-11
► SUITABLE
TEKI
x_	Jdyd-5	S14-3-11	K3712
162	B0775	@3160	U9069
23456789
				
				2^ |
				
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 suitable, fit, proper, appropriate, right
0 suit, fit
a tekitona suitable, fit; irresponsible
tekiseina proper, appropriate, rea-
sonable, right
SWZX tekisetsuna appropriate, adequate,
proper
tekijino timely, opportune
ЙЙ tekigi suitableness, appropriateness;
suitably
SB tekiryd proper quantity
jMW tekisha suitable person
ЖЙС tekido moderate, proper
tekireiki marriageable age
saitekina optimum
tekiyosuru apply
tekiho legality, lawfulness
ЖЙл tekid adaptation, adjustment
Йп'ТЪ tekigosuru suit, be fit, conform
(to)
ЙЙ tekisei aptitude
IINDEPENDENTl
[tekisuru	suit, fit; be suitable
[appropriate]
2021
□ 3-3-11
► STRATUM
SO
Г	Joyd-6	S14-3-11	K3356
44	B0773	@3161	U5C64
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] stratum, layer
Йс/Н Щ seisoken stratosphere
ЖЙ8Я denriso ionosphere
0 [also suffix] social stratum, class, bracket
RSJW kaiso social stratum, class; tier
2019-2021
758
ПРЯ kaso lower classes
shakaiso stratum of society
£ПЙ£й chishikiso the intellectual class
dokushaso class of readers
[subscribers]
О story (of a building)
kdso high altitude; tall (building)
2022
□3-3-11
► ROT
FU kusa(ru) -kusa(ru) kusa(reru)
kusa(re) kusa(rasu)
	Joyo	S14-6-8	K4169
130	C1033	®3162	U8150
ICOMPOUNDSI
3-12 □
takara no mochigusare
pearls thrown before swine
futekusare sulkiness
0 base, despicable, worthless
kusareen unhappy yet inseparable
relation; fatal bonds
[kusarasu rot, spoil, decay; corrode
if 1й	yasai o kusarasu spoil the
vegetables
4 tfct ► LEAVE BEHIND
О [original meaning] rot, decay, decompose;
corrode
fuhaisuru rot, decay; become cor-
rupt
fukyu deterioration, decay
Ж ft fushoku corrosion; erosion
ЙЖ bofu preservation from decay
5.Ж tdfu tofu (Japanese bean curd)
О worn-out, worthless, useless, old
chinpuna old-fashioned,trite, worn-
out
[kun]
[kusaru Ш <5 ] rot, decay, decompose;
corrode
Йя 0 kusari rottenness, decay; corruption
$8 Kusaru na Cheer up!
kusarihateru be completely
rotten; be corrupted to the bottom
[-kusaru -Ж & ] suffix indicating speaker's
spite
ty Ж Ъ ibarikusaru be puffed up,
throw one's weight around
[kusareru	go ROTten
'FKJSt'l-b futekusareru have a fit of the
sulks; become desperate
[kusare ] [in compounds]
О becoming ROTten, rottenness
0 leave behind (at one's death), bequeath,
bestow; be left behind, remain
0 [original meaning] leave (a thing) behind,
forget
а ЖЙ isan inheritance, bequest
ЖЖ izoku bereaved family
Ж'if ikotsu (skeletal) remains; ashes
ЖКХ£ ikanna regrettable
Mfe iden hereditary transmission
ж{$ itai remains, body, corpse
Жпд ihin article left by the deceased, article
left behind
Ж Ж yuigon will, testament
ЙсЖЙ- koisho sequela, aftereffect (of a dis-
ease)
b	ishitsubutsu lost article
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж dispatch =>2015
2024
□ 3-3-12
► OBEY
JUN
	Joyo	S15-3-12	K2969
162	D3233	®3167	U9075
759
2022-2024
□ 3-12
J=J ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] obey, observe, abide by,
' follow
Ъ junshu suru observe, obey, follow,
conform to
19 Й junpd law observance
2025
□3-3-12
► FARAWAY
RYO Ц] haruka
	Names	S15-3-12	K4643
162	D2054	®3168	U907C
0 faraway, remote, distant, stretching a
great distance
rydenna remote, far-off
ICOMPOUNDSl
2026
□3-3-12
► CHOOSE
SEN era(bu)
	Jdyd-4	S15-3-12	K3310
162	A0064	®3169	U9078
	•3	В	B”	S'3	BB	bb		
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] choose, select, elect
sentakusuru select, choose
1ВШ senbatsu selection, choice
Ж К senmin chosen people
iB^f senja judge, selector
lB^'T-Ь senko suru select, screen
senkyo election
1ВЖ”5'<Ь senshutsu suru elect
jg?- senshu representative athlete [player]
1B{£ sennin assignment, nomination
senteisuru select, choose
yosen preliminary match; primary elec-
tion
0 [also suffix] election
S 18 tosen election to office; winning (a lot-
tery)
18 kdsen public election, election by popu-
lar vote
Й1В saisen reelection
rfjfiiB shichosen mayoralelection
© lot, lottery
fflffl chusen drawing of lots
[kun]
[erabu choose, prefer, select; elect
erabareru be chosen; be elected
jozu nierabu make a good
choice
erabidasu select, pick out
► TRANSFER
SEN
x_	Joyo	515-3-12	K3311
162	D1882	®3170	U9077
*2027
□3-3-12
ICOMPOUNDSl
OO transfer, relocate, move
© transfer (an official) to
a if sengu transfer of a shrine
if®5 sento transferofthecapital
b ЙЕЙ sasen relegation, demotion
0 undergo transition, change, elapse, pass by
!<if hensen changes, vicissitudes
2028
□3-3-12
► FULFILL
RI ha(ku)
г	Joyo	515-3-12	K4590
44	D1717	®3171	U5C65
10	11	12	13	14	15
2025-2028
760
3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (carry out an obligation) fulfill, carry out,
execute, perform, complete
Ъ riko suru fulfill, perform, carry out
rireki personal history, career
BlEHr rirekisho resume, personal history
ЯКЙЕ rishu completion (of a course), taking (a
course)
0 footwear, footgear; sandals, shoes, clogs
ЖИ zdri Japanese sandals, zori
heiri worn-out sandals [shoes]
[KUN]
[haku И < ] put on footwear, wear (shoes)
И 4^1 hakimono footwear, footgear; clogs,
sandals
hakichigaeru put on another's
shoes; be mistaken
IHOMQPHONESI
haku =>®2251
► FELICITATION
KEI Щ yoshi chika nori yasu
2029	jL?	Joyo	S15-4-11	K2336
□ 3-3-12	61	C1170	®3173	U6176
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 felicitation, congratulation; celebration,
rejoicing
keishuku celebration, congratulation
®E^ keicho congratulations and condo-
lences
ЙЖ keiji happy [auspicious] event
|p]® ddkei (matter of) mutual congratula-
tions
Blffi kokkei National day (of China)

► RUB AGAINST
MA
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 rub against, rub, chafe, scrape, wear away
masatsu friction; rubbing, chafing
ЖЙ mamo wear, abrasion
Ж Ж mametsu wear, defacement
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ш polish =>2033
2031
□3-3-13
► AVOID
Hl sa(keru)
x_	Joyo	S16-3-13	K4082
162	B0812	03179	U907F
r I Г I JR £ | S' Г F
123456789
JR* JR* № %
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
ICOMPOUNDSl
• [original meaning] avoid, evade, shirk
hisho summering
hinin contraception
®If hinan refuge, shelter, evacuation
Ж® tohi escape, evasion, flight
taihi taking refuge, evacuation
0ЙТЪ kaihi suru evade, dodge, avoid
fukahina inevitable, unavoidable,
unescapable
[KUN]
[sakeru avoid,evade,shirk
A 0 1=1	j® J't'b hito no me о sakeru avert
people's eyes
® sekinin о sakeru shirk a re-
sponsibility
V у A nJvf	rasshuji о sakeru
761
2029-2031
□ 3-13
з —
avoid the rush hours
0 [original meaning] return, come back, come
round
© return, give back, restore
а Ж Ж капгуй return current; convection
kikansuru return, come home, be
repatriated
ЖЖ shokan repayment, refunding, reim-
bursement
seikan suru return alive; baseball
reach the home plate
b Ъ kanpusuru return, restore, refund
ЖтЕ kangen restoration; reduction, deoxidi-
zation
1ЙЖ henkan return, restoration, repayment
sokan sending back, repatriation
dakkan recapture, recovery
2033
□3-3-13
► POLISH
MA miga(ku) Щ togi
5	Joyo	S16-5-11	K4365
112	C1478	®3181	U78E8
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] polish, grind
mametsu wear, defacement
kenmasuru grind, polish; study
hard, brush up
[KUN]
[migaku H < ] polish, grind, burnish, rub
migaki polish, burnishing
Ш -b migakiageru polish up
hamigaki toothpaste; brushing one's
teeth
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with J? RUB AGAINST =>2030
2034
□ 3-3-15
► CLASSICAL MALE NAME
SUFFIX
maro
№	Names	S18-11-7	K4391
200	D2190	®3184	U9EBF
[KUN]
[maro Й] classical suffix for forming
MALE NAMES
Ш-Ь EWTЙ sakanoueno tamuramaro
Sakanoue Tamuramaro
incorrect classification
=>seeE 1-10-9:1Ж at 1199
□ 3-3-16
2035
□3-3-18
► DEMON
MA
	Joyo	S21-10-11	K4366
194	C1584	®3187	U9B54
19	20	21
ICOMPOUNDSl
О demon, devil, evil spirit
majin evil spirit, devil
И4Й mamono goblin, apparition
ЖЖ akuma devil, demon, satan
byoma demonofill health;disease
jama hindrance, obstruction, im-
pediment
2032-2035
762
0 (related to the powers of a demon) magic(al),
evil
1ИЙ maho magic, sorcery, witchcraft
ИЙЖ mahobin thermos bottle
ИЖ majutsu magic, sorcery, witchcraft
ЖЛ maryoku magical powers
majo witch, sorceress
H eS mateki magic flute; The Magic Flute (by
Mozart)
mashu evil power
2036
□ 3-3-21
► HAWK
YO 0 taka
	Names	S24-11-13	K3475
196	D1657	03189	U9DF9
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] hawk, falcon
Й[Ж hoyd hawking, falconry
[KUN]
[taka Ж J hawk, falcon
ЖЕ takajo falconer, hawker
2037
□3-4-2
► GAS
► SPIRIT
KI KE
n	Joyo-1	S6-4-2	K2104
84	A0109	03194	U6C17
2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] gas, vapor
0 air
а kitai gas, vapor, gaseous body
kika gasification, evaporation
kuki air; atmosphere
Ж haiki exhaust, used steam; exhaustion,
evacuation
ь kiryu air [atmospheric] current, air
stream
ЖЕЗ kidan airmass
reiki cold air; cold, chill
kanki ventilation
00 atmosphere
[ rrik E
4-2 □
0 (psychological environment) atmosphere,
tone
а ЖВЕ kiatsu atmospheric [air] pressure
Жйш. kion (atmospheric) temperature
taiki the atmosphere
b ЖЖ keiki things, times; business conditions
JJISM fun'iki atmosphere, mood
sakki menace of death, reek of murder
nekki hot air, heat; fevered air, enthusi-
asm
0 breath
MW kikan trachea, windpipe
MM kisoku breathing; breath
^M ikki ni at a breath, in one breath; on
[at] a stretch [stroke]	PSI
0 vital energy, spirit, breath of life, vitality 1
МЛ kiryoku energy, spirit, vitality, pluck,
guts
M^ kisei spirit, ardor
'ЙМ byoki illness, sickness, disease
ТЕМ genki vigor, energy; spirits; health
мМЙ/uZl ikisakanda be in high spirits
ЖМ yuki courage, valor, bravery, nerve
ЙМ kakki vigor, spirit, animation
SI Ж seiki spirit, energy, essence
0 energy, force
®M denki electricity; electric light
ШМ jiki magnetism
0 natural phenomenon
МЖ kisho atmospheric phenomena,
weather conditions
M^ kiko climate, weather; season
^<M tenki weather, atmospheric conditions;
fine weather
00 spirit, mind, consciousness
0 (emotional state) spirits, one's feelings,
mood, frame of mind
a MI't kizuku notice, become aware of, find
out
kinodokuna pitiable, miserable;
regrettable, too bad
МША kigamae readiness of mind, prepar-
edness; expectation
МЙ kizetsu fainting
MjB^ kichigai insanity; insane person, lu-
natic
IEM shoki consciousness; sanity, reason
EEM kydki insanity, madness
763
2036-2037
□ 4-2
ч —----------------------------------------------
b Ж}\Г kimochi feeling, sensation, mood
Ж5^ kibun feeling, mood; atmosphere
ЖЙЙ kimae generosity
Ж^^ kigaruna lighthearted, cheerful;
ready
Л Ж ninki popularity;temperament ofthe
people; business conditions
ТЖ heiki nonchalance, unconcern; compo-
sure
А Ж honki seriousness, earnestness
t	А* Ж	akke ni torareru be as-
zj4 tonished, be amazed
© [also suffix] temperament, temper, disposi-
Д	tion, one's nature, character
pfcj	ЖЖ kishitsu temperament, disposition
ЖЙ kisho disposition, nature, temper
ЖЙ1L H kimuzukashii moody, hard to
please
Ж$)^1 kimagure whim, caprice
5®Ж^ tsuyokino strong,firm, bullish
£йЖ& tankina short-tempered, hot-
tempered
А^АЖ makenki unyielding [competitive]
spirit
О Ж utsurigi caprice, fickleness, frivolity
© mind to do something, intention, will
ЖЖ V kinorishinai halfhearted, in-
disposed
Ж^</£ kirakuna easygoing; comfortable,
easy, carefree
ft И Ж kaiki bullish [buying] sentiment
[feeling]
^-ЬЖ yaruki mind to do something, deter-
mination to do
0ЕЖ nemuke sleepiness
Oto!’Ж hakike nausea
МЖ^и nanigenai casually, unconcern-
edly
© care, attention, precaution
ЖЖ 5 kizukau feel anxious about, worry
about, have apprehensions of
MSB V kikubari attention to detail
Ж{\Г kizuke c/o (care of)
%> kiganesuru feel hesitant, be ill
at ease, be afraid of giving trouble
© [also suffix] sign, indication, symptom, trace,
air
MSB kehai sign, indication
Жпп kihin dignity, grace, nobility
Ж1Х^) kidoru make an affected pose, as-
sume airs
ЖЖ kedakai noble, lofty, high-minded
'ЁЖ iroke sex appeal, sensuality; fanciful-
ness; inclination, interest; shade of color
® О Ж kazarike affectation, love of display
ts ЬЖ^ oshigeni grudgingly
© flavor, a dash of
ЖЙ kimi feeling, sensation; a touch [tinge]
_ (of)
ЙЖЯ&Н ajikenai (=ajikinai) wearisome,
insipid
®Ж shikke (=shikki) moisture, dampness,
humidity
IINDEPENDENTl
[ki Ж]
O© spirit, mind, consciousness
© (emotional state) spirits, one's feelings,
mood, frame of mind
а Ж & ki ni suru take to heart, be con-
cerned
Ж А %> ki ni iru like, be pleased with
Ж AW < kiga tsuku notice, become aware;
be attentive
b ЖАЖН kigaomoi be heavyhearted, be
dispirited
ЖАТ	kiga suru have a feeling [hunch]
© temperament, temper, disposition, one's
nature, character
Ж A1& V ki ga tsuyoi strong of heart
ЖАЖИ kigamijikai quick-tempered
Ж S ^<5 kiо waruku suru take of-
fense, feel hurt
© mind to do something, intention, will
ЖА'З^Ъ<5 kigakawaru change one's
mind
М^Ж^ч	nan no ki nashi ni uninten-
tionally, casually
0 care, attention, precaution
kiо tsukeru take care of, pay
attention to
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЖЖЖ ikuji (=ikiji) pride, (a sense of) honor,
self-respect
2037
764
—-[ч	►two
.1	NI
2038	Л Joyo	S6-3-3	K3885
□3-4-2	56й D3233 ®3195 U5F10
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] two—used in legal docu-
ments and checks
РЭ kin nisen'en the sum of two
thousand yen
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with style =>1931
2039
03-4-2
►THINK
KO kanga(eru) kanga(e) Щ taka
takashi
	Jdyd-2	S6-4-2	K2545
125	A0203	®3196	U8003
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О think, give thought to, consider, reflect
koryo consideration, deliberation, care-
ful thought
kosatsusuru consider, contem-
plate, study
koan idea, plan; project
Ж ^5 shiko thinking, thought, consideration
ikkd consideration, thought
00 study, investigate, research
© [also suffix] study, treatise, monograph
a kosa consideration, test, quiz
#SiE kosho investigation, research
kokogaku archaeology
sanko reference, consultation
18^ "TЪ senko suru select, screen
b ronko study (on English literature)
тап'удкб AStudy of Manyoshu
[kun]
[kangaeru think, consider, reflect,
deliberate; imagine, suppose; invent, devise;
expect, hope; intend, mean
4-2 □
SjA-SVs kangaebukai deep-thinking,
thoughtful
kangaerarenai unimaginable
#	A ffi'T kangaedasu think out, devise,
invent; begin to think	“I
[kangae #A] thought, THiNKing,consid-
eration, reflection, deliberation; thought,
view, opinion; idea, fancy, imagination; inten-
tion, resolution
#	kangae о tsutaeru convey
one's thoughts
[NOTE]	7J>
★do not confuse with ^5 OLD =>2040	n
2040
□3-4-2
► OLD	Л
RO o(iru) fu(keru) Ц] oi
£ 125	Jdyd-4	S6-6-0	K4723
	B0861	®3197	U8001
-; ‘ 1 •
...1..2......3	4	5	6.
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also prefix] (not young) old, aged
© grow old, degenerate
o^sA rojin old person, old folks
ronen old age
rorei old age
roboku old tree
rogo one's old age
rogan presbyopia, farsightedness due
to old age
rdseijika venerable statesman
b roka aging
rdsui senility
LZl гдкуйка shita outworn, deterio-
rated
0 [original meaning] old person
ronyaku the old and the young
keird respect for the aged
кого elder, old man; old-timer
[KUN]
[oiru grow old
oi old age; old person
oisaki remaining years (of one's life)
oikomu grow old, weaken with
age
765
2038-2040
□ 4-2
з------------------------------------------
J [fukeru	grow old
fukeyaku roleof an aged person
— ISPECIAL READINGS]
ebi lobster, shrimp
[note]
★do not confuse with # think =>2039
	
zz.	incorrect stroke-count
7	=>see 03-4-3: at 2044
2* □ 3-4-2
□ 3-4-2
► DANGEROUS
KI abu(nai) aya(ui) aya(bumu)
E	Jdyd-6	S6-2-4	K2077
26	B0660	03199	U5371
□ 3-4-2
О [original meaning] dangerous, precarious
fal^Zi kikenna dangerous
fell kiki crisis, emergency
fen- kigai injury,harm;danger,risk
fall kinan danger, distress, hazard
fa Ж kitoku on the verge of death, critical
condition
0 fear, apprehend
}аШх kigu fear, misgivings
[KUN]
[abunai )aZ£H] dangerous, perilous,
risky; critical, serious, uncertain, insecure
faZiZ^'-S abunagaru be afraid, be appre-
hensive, doubt
Ж О	/Wa Z£ И Kare no inochi да abunai
His life is in danger
[ayaui fa 5 same as abunai faZ£V>
fa О ayauku almost, nearly, in imminent
danger of
[ayabumu fa fear, apprehend
□ 3-4-2
incorrect classification
=> see H 2-2-4: at 1270
incorrect classification
=>see Я2-4-2: at 1553
incorrect classification
=>see 03-3-3: F4 at 1932
2042
□ 3-4-2
► FLESH
NIKU
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [original meaning] flesh (of humans or
animals)
0 (article of food) flesh, meat
a ЙЕХ nikushu sarcoma
Й^б^Т nikubanare torn muscle
1ЙЙ kinniku muscle, sinews
ЙЙ hiniku cynicism, sarcasm; irony
b Й nikushoku meat diet
4^Й gyuniku beef
1кЙ shokuniku meat
tfe* of Й hikiniku ground [minced] meat
¥ЯМ^Х Й yotokuniku using a better name
to sell inferior goods, crying wine and
selling vinegar
0 the flesh (versus the spirit)
Й{$ nikutai body, flesh
Й$к nikuyoku lusts ofthe flesh, animal pas-
sions
0 one's flesh and blood, one's kindred
Й^Й nikushin blood relation
# Й kotsuniku one's own flesh and blood,
kinsmen
0 unaided by mechanical devices, in the
natural state; in person
Й06 nikugan naked eye
Й^ nikusei natural voice
Й® nikuhitsu one's own handwriting, auto-
graph
[INDEPENDENT!
[niku Й]
2041-2042
766
4-3 □
0 flesh (of humans or animals)
© (article of food) flesh, meat
а ЛИ0Й ningen noniku human flesh
□ 3-4-3
2043
□3-4-3
incorrect classification
=>see B2-5-2: IS at 1620
► CAUTION
KAI imashi(meru) й ebisu
	Joyo	S7-4-3	K1892
62	C1103	®3204	U6212
———			F	5?^	*	ж
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 caution against, admonish, warn, give
warning
© [original meaning] take caution (against),
guard against, be careful
a kaikoku caution, warning, reprimand
kunkaisuru admonish, warn
Й Ъ jikaisuru admonish oneself
b ЙЖтТ kaigenrei martial law
Ж'Ь kaishin caution, precaution, care
keikai caution, precaution, warning;
watch, guard, vigilance
[KUN]
[imashimeru
O0 caution against, admonish, warn
© take caution (against), take precautions,
guard against
а imashime caution, admonition, warn-
ing; caution, guard; commandment,
precept; binding, bondage
Ж Ъ fukokoroe о imashimeru
caution a person against misconduct
b Ц ЬЯ&йЬЪ mizukaraimashimeru take
precautions, guard against
© bind, restrict
Ш Ж Ъ ushirode ni imashimeru
bind a person's hands behind his back
IHOMQPHONESI
imashimeru H guard against =>02893
imashime W guard against =>02893
incorrect classification
=>seeH2-1-6: — at 1234
2044
□3-4-3
► FILIAL PIETY
КО Щ taka takashi nori yuki
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
Jdyd-6	S7-3-4	K2507
C1078	®32O5	U5B5D

HI & Г ]
© filial piety, filial devotion
koko filial piety
koshin filial devotion [affection]
kdyd discharge of filial duties
kdshi filial child, good son
chuko loyalty and filial piety
fukd(=fukyd) lack of filial piety, unduti-
fulness
□ 3-4-3	incorrect stroke-count =>see 03-4-2:^ at 2039
□ 3-4-3	incorrect classification =^see B2-2-5: / at 1294
2045
□ 3-4-3
► RULER
► FAMILIAR TITLE
► YOU
KUN kimi -gimi
□	Jdyd-3	S7-3-4	K2315
30	B0977	®3206	U541B
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] ruler, sovereign, monarch,
king; lord
kunshu monarch, sovereign
Ъ kunrin suru reign, rule over, domi-
nate
Uhll bdkun tyrant, despot
НЁИ shukun one's lord, one's master
meikun wise ruler, enlightened
767
2043-2045
[	3 К 'О! Я Г 1
□ 4-3
monarch, benevolent lord
0 familiar title used in addressing peers,
friends or inferiors (usu. restricted to men)
ill ES ft yamadakun Mr. Yamada
tarokun Taro
© term of respect used in addressing family
members, peers or men of rank
kunshi man of virtue, wise man
Bl® shokun Ladies and Gentlemen, my
friends, you
[KUN]
[kimi S]
О ruler, sovereign, emperor, one's master
[lord]
kimigayo Imperial reign; title of
Japanese national anthem
wagakimi my lord
okimi sovereign, Emperor
0 you, old boy—familiar second person pronoun
used in addressing friends, peers or inferiors
HiB kimitachi you (plural)
fj© kimino your
[-gimi ® ] former title of respect used in
addressing parents, ancestors and men of
rank
S® hahagimi mother
85S himegimi princess, highborn young
lady
fa
□ 3-4-3
incorrect classification
=>see E1 -2-5: { at 0045
incorrect classification
=>see H2-2-5: at 1293
□ 3-4-3
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-3-4: P at 1943
□ 3-4-3
► MILITARY
BU MU [Ц take takeshi
2046
03-4-4
lh	Joyo-5	S8-4-4	K4180
77	A0350	®3210	U6B66
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
00 military, martial; military affairs, mili-
tary might
0 military [martial] arts, science of war,
Bushido
оЙЛ buryoku military power, armed might
bujutsu military [martial] arts
b ЙЖ budd martial arts
bunbu literary and military arts
0 warrior, samurai; military man, officer
ЙзЬ bushi samurai, warrior
jtfcW musha warrior, soldier
SW bukan military officer
0 (military equipment) armaments, weapons
busdsuru arm, bear arms
ЙИг buki weapon, arms
incorrect classification
^see Я2-1-7:— at 1237
□ 3-4-4
2047
□3-4-4
► PERSON
SHA mono
	Jdyd-3	S8-4-4	K2852
125	A0019	®3211	U8005
12	3	4	5	6	7	8
[COMPOUNDS!
О PERSON
jakusha weak person, the weak
shisha dead person, the deceased
0 [also suffix] person [one] who performs an
action or holds an occupation: -er (as in reader)
dokusha reader, subscriber
gakusha scholar, learned man
kisha journalist, reporter; editor
chosha author, writer
isha doctor
fTdasha batter, hitter
sanseisha approver, supporter
hibakusha victim ofatomic air raid
kagakusha scientist
2046-2047
768
4-5 □
0 used to designate a thing or person
zensha the former
kosha the latter
rydsha both
[KUN]
[mono	person, fellow, somebody
wakamono young person [fellow],
youth
namakemono idle [lazy] fellow
warumono bad fellow, ruffian
[SPECIAL READINGS]
mosa stalwart; veteran
IHOMOPHONESI
mono THING =>0587
2048
□ 3-4-4
► TIGER
KO tora Ц] take
J*	Names	S8-6-2	K2455
141	D1813	03212	U864E
ICOMPOUNDSl
2049
□3-4-5
► CRUEL
GYAKU shiita(geru)
J*	Joyo	S9-6-3	K2152
141	C1518	03218	U8650
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 cruel, savage, tyrannical, oppressive
G [original meaning] treat CRUELly, oppress,
tyrannize
a jltfvF gyakutai maltreatment, abuse, cruelty
zangyakuna cruel, atrocious, brutal,
inhuman
akugyakumudd no treacher-
ous, heinous
bogyakuna tyrannical, cruel, atro-
cious
b ЛЙВС gyakusei oppressive [tyrannical] gov-
ernment
gyakusatsu massacre, butchery, geno-
cide
Arc
r
r
r
я
П
R
0 [original meaning] tiger
koketsu tiger's den; dangerous place
□ koko tiger's den; dangerous place
ЙШМЙНЛЙ koshitantan on the alert, eye
covetously
ЖЙryuko no arasoi well matched
contest ("serpent and tiger fight")
bdkohydga foolhardy courage
[KUN]
[tora
О TIGER
tora no maki key, crib, pony; secret
(of a trade)
0 drunkard
IHOMOPHONES]
tora Ж THE TIGER =>1471
[KUN]
[shiitageru <£>] oppress, persecute,
tyrannize, grind down
Jet H b WcA A shiitagerareta hitobito
downtrodden people, the oppressed
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-2-7: Г at 1907
► EYEBROW
Bl Ml mayu
2050		Names	S9-5-4	K4093
□3-4-5	109	D2310	03219.5	U7709
ICOMPOUNDSl
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-6: at 1301
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-6-3: К at 1687
0 EYEBROW
ЖЯЮЖ shobinokyu urgent need
[kun]
[mayu ж J EYEBROW
Ж43 mayuge eyebrows
JS	mayu о hisomeru knit one's
brows, frown
769
2048-2050
□ 4-5
incorrect classification
=>see H2-4-5: at 1583
— ПЗ-4-5
2051
03-4-5
► WATCH
► CARE FOR
KAN
s	Jdyd-6	S9-5-4	K2039
109	C1045	03220	U770B
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
kv
r
r
r
/>
5s
П
R
О [original meaning] (look carefully) watch, look,
see, observe
W® kanban signboard, sign
kanpasuru see through, penetrate,
read (another's thoughts)
kanshusuru perceive, detect; see
through
© (keep a watchful eye on) care for (the sick),
watch, look after, nurse
ШЖ'Т'Ь kanbydsuru nurse, care for
WIS® kangofu nurse
WtF kanshu jailer, prison guard
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-7: "b at 1320
□ 3-4-5
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-3-6: f at 1972
□ 3-4-5
□ 3-4-6
□ 3-4-6
2052
□ 3-4-7
incorrect classification
=>see B2-1 -9: — at 1239
incorrect stroke-count
=>see □ 3-4-5: fat 2049
► BALL
KYO GU mari iga
	Names	S11-4-7	K6160
82	D2390	03228.5	U6BEC
[kun]
[mari SJball
mariuta (children's) handball song
[iga SJburr
ЙЖ igaguri chestnuts in burrs; close-
cropped head
igaguriatama close-cropped head
IHOMQPHONESI
mari Й BALL =>1173
2053
□ 3-4-7
► VOID
► FALSE
KYO KO
r*	Joyo	S11-6-5	K2185
141	C1487	03237	U865A
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (containing nothing) void, empty, vacant,
hollow
ЖЖ£ kyomu nothingness; nihility
ЖЯИШ komuso flute-playing Zen mendicant
priest
Ж ЯЙ kyodatsu (physical) collapse, prostra-
tion; absentmindedness
кокй empty space, sky
кйкуопа empty, void; inane
© without substance, in name only, empty,
vain, inane, hollow, void
ЖЙ£ kyoei vanity, vainglory
Ж^Е'С? kyoeishin vanity
ЖИ? kyosei bluff, bluster, false show of
power
Ж®Р kyoshoku ostentation, affectation, show
Ж?Ь kyorei empty [useless] formalities
© false, sham, untrue, feigned
Ж^ kyogi falsehood, lie, fallacy
Ж Ж kyogen falsehood
ЖЯх kyoho false alarm
Ж® kyoko fabrication, fiction
ЖЖ^Й <Z) Wg И kyokyojitsujitsu no
tatakai match between persons equal
in shrewdness
2051-2053
770
4-11 □
0 openhearted, humble
kenkyona humble, modest
incorrect classification
=>see B2-1-11: at 1240
□ 3-4-8
□ 3-4-8
incorrect classification
=Фsee H 2-8-4: < at 1782
2054	J*	Joyo	513-6-7	K2283
□3-4-9	141	D3161	@3254	U865E
iKUNl
[ OSO re st] FEARS (of undesirable event),
danger, risk, signs, adverse chance, possibility
0 Ш shippai no osore risk of failure
Ж О	' W i Arne no osore да aru There
is some fear of rain
0 Д Ж < kansen no osore о
nakusu preclude the possibility of infec-
tion
[HOMOPHONES]
osore FEAR =>1696
2055
□ 3-4-9
► CAPTIVE
RYO
Г6	Joyo	513-6-7	K4626
141	D1705	(8)3255	U865C
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] captive, prisoner
ryoshu captive, prisoner
horyo prisoner of war, captive
furyo prisoner, POW, captive
NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж consider =>2057
Ж incorrect stroke-count
=>see □ 3-4-9: Ж at 2054
□ 3-4-10
2056	Я	Joyo	515-4-11	K4170
□3-4-11	130	D1725	@3265	U819A
IcompoundsI
0 skin (of the human body)
hifu skin
тг JWM cf	kanpu-naki made thor-
oughly, beyond recognition; scathingly
► CONSIDER
RYO
2057	-L?	Joyo	515-4-11	K4624
□3-4-11	61	B0962	(8)3266	U616E
IcompoundsI
О [original meaning] consider, think over,
deliberate
G show coNSiDERation, be prudent, be dis-
creet
koryosuru consider, deliberate,
give thought to
Ж senryo indiscretion, imprudence,
thoughtlessness
ЖЖ> shiryo consideration, thought, dis-
cretion
771
2054-2057
О —;-----------------------------------------
ЙсЖ shinryo thoughtfulness, prudence
ь xsflS'TЪ enryosuru be reserved; hesitate;
refrain
IIЖ koryo regard, consideration
ЕЖ hairyo consideration, care, concern
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with Ж CAPTIVE =>2055
□ 3-5-1	incorrect classification ^see 04-6-4 at 2202
□ 3-5-2	incorrect classification ^>see 04-7-4 at 2216
□ 3-5-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-3-4: at 1399
[O □ 3-5-3	incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>see B2-5-2: at 1620
□ 3-5-3	incorrect classification =>see B2-3-5: ± at 1409
□ 3-5-3	incorrect classification =>see B2-3-5: at 1422
& □3-5-4	incorrect classification =>see 04-9-4 at 2225
2058	Г	Joyo	S9-5-4	K1754
□3-5-4	104	C1598	®3276	U75AB
1	_x—	r	J*-				&	
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] epidemic, disease
ЙЙ ekibyd epidemic, plague
ekigaku epidemiology
ЙЖ№ yakubydgami God ofthe plagues;
abominable person, pest
Й1Й men'eki immunity (from a disease)
^Й ken'eki quarantine, medical inspection
Е5Й bdeki prevention of epidemics
к	incorrect classification =>see В 2-3-6: ш at 1445
□ 3-5-4	
□ 3-5-4	incorrect classification =>see 04-9-4 at 2226
□ 3-5-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-7: — at 1324
► ILLNESS
BYO HEI ya(mu) -ya(mi) yamai
2059
□ 3-5-5
г	Jdyd-3	S10-5-5	K4134
104	A0390	@3277	U75C5
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] illness, sickness,
disease
0 sick, ill, weak
а ЙЖ byoki illness, sickness, disease
byoin hospital
УЙ1& byoshitsu patient [sick] room
bydshi death of sickness
ЙЙ shippei sickness, disease
kanbyd nursing, nursing care
Й nanbyd incurable [intractable] disease
ЯФЙ haibyo lung disease; pulmonary tuber-
culosis
seishinbyd mental disease
й |l[$j kozanbyo altitude sickness
ЙГЙ okubyo cowardice, timidity
Ь ЙЯ' bydshin weak constitution, ill health
ЙА bydnin patient, invalid
byojakuna weak, weakly, sickly
2058-2059
772
5-5 □
[KUN]
[yamu fall ill, betaken ill, suffer from
*\ yamitsuku be taken ill; be ad-
dicted to, become absorbed in, give
oneself up [to]
aS yamitsuki infatuation, beginning
(of a bad habit)
yamiagari convalescence
[-yami [suffix] patient affected with...
haibyoyami patient with pulmo-
nary tuberculosis
[yamai sickness, disease
fuji (=fuchi) no yamai incurable
illness
► TIRED
HI tsuka(reru) -zuka(re)
tsuka(rasu)
2060 □3-5-5	Г 104	Joyo	S10-5-5	K4072
		Cl 356	03278	U75B2
2	3	4	5
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] tired, fatigued
hiro fatigue
hihei exhaustion; impoverishment
[KUN]
[tsukareru vi get tired, become
fatigued
tsukare fatigue, exhaustion
tsukarehateru be tired out
kizukare nervous strain, worry
arukitsukareru be tired from
walking
[-zukare [suffix] fatigue
ryokozukare fatigue from travel-
ing
[tsukarasu вТ] vttire, fatigue, exhaust
kokoro о tsukarasu tire one's
mind
► DISEASE
SHITSU
10
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] disease, illness
shikkan disease, ailment, trouble, disor-
der
Й shippei sickness, disease
© fast, swift, at full speed
shisso sprint, dash
Ъ shikku suru ride fast, drive a horse
fast
shippu gale, strong wind
► PATHOLOGICAL CONDITION
SHO
О pathological condition, illness, disease,
-osis, -ia
shinkeisho neurosis, nervous disease
kidshd previous illness, medical his-
tory
'FIBS fuminsho insomnia
ScHSi nyodokusho uremia
ИЙ! jusho serious illness
© [original meaning] symptom, nature of a
disease, syndrome
fiitK shojo symptom
shoko symptom
koisho sequela, aftereffect (of a
773
2060-2062
□ ^7____________________________________
disease)
daunshd Down's syndrome
2063
□ 3-5-7
► DIARRHEA
Rl
Г	Joyo	S12-5-7	K4601
104	D2082	№283	U75E2
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
• DIARRHEA
ТЙ geri diarrhea
sekiri dysentery
ЙЙ0 ekiri children's dysentery
2064
□ 3-5-7
► SMALLPOX
TO
r	Joyo	S12-5-7	K3787
104	D2390	®3284	U75D8
ICOMPOUNDSI
• [original meaning] smallpox
ЖЙГ toso smallpox
Ж 03 tobyd vaccine, vaccine virus; smallpox
vaccine
tennento smallpox
shuto vaccination against smallpox
2065
□ 3-5-7
► PAIN
TSU ita(i) ita(mu) ita(mashii)
ita(meru)
г	Jdyd-6	SI 2-5-7	K3643
104	B0926	®3285	U75DB
123456789
О
IcompoundsI
О [also suffix] [original meaning] (physical suffering)
pain, ache
tsQkaku sense of pain
SW kutsu pain, agony, anguish
ЖЖ zutsu headache
chintsuzai anodyne, painkiller
shinkeitsu neuralgia
Й5ЙГЙ kinnikutsu muscular pain
0 bitter(ly), severe(ly), vehement(ly), keen(ly)
tsOretsuna sharp, biting, scathing,
cutting
<5 tsQkan suru feel strongly, take to
heart
Wft tsukai thrill, keen pleasure
ЖW (C tsusetsu ni keenly, acutely
WfT tsuda hard blow, severe attack
tsukon deep regret, great sorrow
[KUN]
[itai И] PAiNful,sore
W cS itasa pain, ache
ЖЖ LH itaitashii pitiful, pathetic
haita toothache
ЙИ @	itaime niawasu make a
person sweat for it
itaisonshitsu painful loss
[itamu feel pain, hurt, ache
itami (physical or mental suffering) pain,
ache
itamidome painkiller, analgesic
[itamashii LH] sad, piteous, miser-
able, heartbreaking, pathetic
itamashisa sadness,piteousness
[itameru
О inflict pain, hurt, injure
Ж	hara о itameru have a stom-
achache; give birth to
>L? Я<£> Ъ kokoro о itameru be grieved at
heart
0 pain, bother, worry, afflict
itametsukeru rebuke, taunt-
give a good shaking, knock about
2063-2065
774
IHOMOPHONESI
itamu
В wound =>0118
Ш MOURN =>0356
itameru (S WOUND =>0118
2066
□ 3-5-8
► STUPID
CHI
г	Joyo	S13-5-8	K3552
104	D1879	@3286	U75F4
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] stupid, foolish, silly
ЙЖХ chiho imbecility, dementia
ЙпЛ chijin fool, simpleton, idiot, dunce
Й ЙП hakuchi idiocy, idiot
ЖЙП guchi idle complaint, grumble; queru-
lousness
0 infatuated, crazy about, blindly in love,
amorous
ЙЖ chikan molester of women, masher
Sfl'IW chijd blind love, infatuation, amorous
passion; jealousy
ЙЙ15 chiwa lover's talk, sweet nothings
iWSi jochi love foolery
□ 3-5-9
incorrect classification/
stroke-count
=>see B2-12-3: Ж at 1845
► TREAT
RYO
2067	Г	Joyo	S17-5-12	K4637
□ 3-5-12	104	B0650	@3288	U7642
5-12 □
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] treat, care for
© medical TREATment
а	chi губ suru treat, cure
shinryd diagnosis and treatment
b ШЙ; ryohd method of treatment, cure, rem-
edy
ryoyochu under medical care, in re-
cuperation
ЕЖ iryo medical treatment [care]
seryo gratuitous treatment, free medical
treatment
butsuryd physiotherapy, physical
treatment
[ 41
► SEVERE
GEN GON ogoso(ka) kibi(shii)
Ц] iwao itsuki
2068	М/	Jdyo-6	S17-3-14	K2423
03-5-12	42*	B0672	@3289	U53B3
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] strict, severe, stern, rigor-
ous, harsh
ЖЙ/£ genkakuna strict, stern, severe, rig-
orous
ЖЙ?££ genmitsuna strict, precise, rigid, ex-
act
Ж IE gensei exactness, strictness, rigor
Ж jfife genju na strict, severe, close; secure,
firm, strong
ЖтР genshu strict observance
ЖЙ genbatsu severe punishment
Ж iff gensen careful selection
ЖЖ тГ kaigenrei martial law
0 (of great intensity) severe, intense, extreme
ЖЖ genkan severe [intense] cold
Ж^ gento severe winter
0 solemn, grave, awe-inspiring, dignified
Ж^?Е<5 genzentaru solemn, grave, majes-
tic, stern
ЖЖ genshuku na grave, solemn, austere
Й1Ж igen solemn dignity
775
2066-2068
□ 5-13
Э -z-----------------------------------
MtjiKZX kingen па stern, grave, solemn
sogonna solemn, sublime
_ M
[ogosoka Ж^]
-±±- ogosoka na Ж^Х£ solemn, grave,
П awe-inspiring, dignified
Ж/^£НЙз£ ogosoka na gishiki solemn
ceremony
[kibishii Ж L И] severe, strict, stern, rigor-
ous, harsh; (of great intensity) severe, intense,
extreme
kibishisa severity,strictness;intensity
Ж1>Н#ЕВ¥ kibishii hihyd severe criticism
ЖЬ(/^§$ kibishiiatsusa intense heat
2069
□ 3-5-13
► HABIT
HEKI kuse kuse(ni)
Г	Joyo	S18-5-13	K4242
104	D2031	03290	U7656
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] habit, habitual practice, propen-
sity, peculiarity, weakness
akuheki bad habit, vice
ЙЗЙ seiheki one's natural disposition, pro-
pensity, mental habit
WS? shoheki (bad) habit, habitual practice
byoheki peculiarity, weakness, morbid
habit
keppeki love of cleanliness, fastidious-
ness
J&iO? inshuheki inebriety, drinking habit
ЙЙЙ horoheki vagrant habits, vagabond-
ism
[KUN]
[kuse JSJ habit, habitual practice, propen-
sity, peculiarity, weakness; mannerism, affec-
tation
□ kuchiguse way [habit] of saying, one's
favorite phrase
nankuse fault, blemish
Nakute nanakuse Every man
has his own peculiar habits
Л? 0Йх tsume о кати kuse habit of
biting one's nails
kuse no aru bunsho man-
nered style
[ kuseni	(Z ] though, in spite of
shinmaino kuseni though (one
is) only a beginner
Я О T Ъ Й IZ Shitteru kuseni As if you
didn't know!
2070
□ 3-5-13
► HEAL
YU
г	Joyo	S18-5-13	K4494
104	C1500	03291	U7652
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] heal, recover
0 heal (a wound), cure
a Ж chiyu healing, cure, recovery
heiyu recovery, restoration to health
b yuchaku adhesion, conglutination;
connection, collusion
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-15:at 1542
□ 3-5-13
□ 3-6-2
2071
□ 3-6-3
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-4-4: Г* at 2048
► EXCLAMATORY PARTICLE
SAI капа ya Щ nari hajime suke
chika toshi
□	Names	S9-3-6	K2640
30	D1692	03294	U54C9
[KUN]
[ капа ЙЮ literary exclamatory particle,
used esp. in classical texts: Alas! Oh! How...!
2069-2071
776
What...’
Kanashiikana Alas!/How sad!
[ya йё] classical interrogative or rhetorical
particle like modern ka
S’ Ж Л Ъ Йё Kimi mayoeru ya Did you lose
your way?
IHOMOPHONESI
til CLASSICAL COPULA =>2130
MP INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE =>®1283
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-4-5: Г* at 2049
□ 3-6-3
2072
□ 3-6-3
► MALE NAME ELEMENT
GEN hiko (U hiro yoshi yasu
	Names	S9-3-6	K4107
59	B0856	03295	U5F66
[KUN]
[hiko element for forming male names
► HORSE
BA uma uma- ma Ц] ha me
2073 □ 3-6-4	Ж 187	Joyo-2	SI 0-10-0	K3947
		B0686	03296	U99AC
(I |r|rf|ff 12	3	4		: F₽l 5	6	7	8	9	
IcompoundsI
О [also suffix] [original meaning] horse
ЖЖ basha horse-drawn carriage, coach,
wagon
ЖЛ bariki horsepower; energy, effort; cart,
wagon
Ж* bashin horse's length
ЖЙ baniku horsemeat
ЖЖ joba horse riding
5% Ж keiba horseracing
FfЖО^ chikuba no tomo childhood friend,
old playmate
6-4 □
ЯШзЖ kansaiba Kansai horse
© candidate (for an election)
НиЖ1Г^ shutsubasuru come forward as a
candidate; go in person
'ЁГЛЖ yuryokuba hopeful [promising,
strong] candidate
© used phonetically for ba or ma
Ж® baka fool, blockhead; nonsense
[KUN]
[uma Ж]
0 HORSE, pony
© vaulting horse
а Ж Д* *5 uma да au get on well (with a
person)
^Ж kachiuma winning horse
ИЖ takeuma (=chikuba) stilts
[uma- Ж-J the larger of a species of animals
or plants
Ж MF umabae horse botfly
[ma Ж] [in compounds] horse
Ж“Р* mago packhorse driver
ema votive picture of a horse
[HOMOPHONES]
uma Ж NOON =>®1984
[ ШГ Г J
^ё
2074
□3-6-4
► PLANT
SAI
*	Joyo	510-4-6	K2647
75	C1567	03297	U683D
10
ICOMPOUNDSI
О plant (saplings), transplant, grow, raise
Ой saibai cultivation, raising, growing
ffiO shokusai raising trees and plants
traO rinsai rotation of crops
ЖШОй kaju saibai fruit culture, pomicul-
ture
© garden plant, potted plant
iSlO bonsai bonsai (potted dwarf tree)
ttlO senzai elegant trees and flowers in a
garden; garden
777
2072-2074
□ 6-5
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-4-7: Г at 2053
— 03-6-5
□ 3-6-5
► GIVE BIRTH
► PRODUCE
SAN u(mu) u(mareru) ubu-
£	Joyo-4	S11-5-6	K2726
100	A0132	®3298	U7523
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 give birth (to), deliver, bear, breed
0 be born
О childbirth, delivery
а sanpu woman in childbirth
san ran egg-laying, spawning
Й!©А?4 sanfujinka obstetrics and gyne-
cology
shussan suru give birth (to), de-
liver, bear (a child)
b St® sansei birth control
c anzan easy [smooth] delivery (of a
baby)
shizan stillbirth
00 produce, yield
© [also suffix] production
sanshutsu suru produce, yield
St Ж sangyd industry
sanchi place of production; place of
birth
sanbutsu product, produce
b ИЖ kokusan home [domestic] production
© product, PRODUCE
suisan marine products, fisheries
4ЙЖ bussan product, produce
meisan noted product
0 abbrev. of ЙЖ sangyd: industry
sanbetsu kaigi Congress of Indus-
trial Organizations (CIO)
tsiisansho Ministry of International
Trade and Industry
0 property, fortune, wealth
HzfЙ zaisan property, fortune, wealth
shisan property, assets, fortune
ffilW tdsan insolvency, bankruptcy; breech
birth
Й5ЙЁ hasan bankruptcy
kyosanshugi Communism
'T'fftSE fuddsan immovable property, real
estate
[KUN]
[umu Й t?] (produce offspring) give birth to,
bear offspring, beget, breed
umi (physical) birth
umidasu begin to give birth to
Й1АЛ umizuki last month of pregnancy
ЙЕ	Kanojo wa
gonin kodomo о unda She gave birth
to five children
[umareru S] (undergo the physical act
of birth) be born
Ф Ж Akanbo ga umareta
The baby was born
[ubu- ЙМ related to birth, as when born
ubugoe baby's first cry
ubuge downy hair
[SPECIAL READINGS]
miyage souvenir
[HOMOPHONES]
umu 4. LIFE =>2179
umi £ LIFE =>2179
umareru life =>2179
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-9: at 1341
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] cut out (a garment)
2075-2076
778
© abbrev. of Й&1 saiho. sewing, dressmak-
ing
а ЙЙ1 saiho sewing, needlework, dressmaking
Й№тЁ1? saidanshi (tailor's) cutter
b ?¥Й ybsai foreign-style dressmaking
© (pass judgment) judge, decide, try, arbitrate
ЙФИ saiban trial, judgment, decision
ЙдЕ saitei decision, ruling, arbitration
Й'$ч saiketsu decision, ruling
Й* sairyd discretion
®1Й seisai sanction, punishment, discipline
{ФЙ chusai arbitration, mediation
© rule, administer, manage
ШЙ sdsai president, governor
5ФЙ dokusai dictatorship, autocracy
© form, style
^Й teisai decency, form, style, appearance
[KUN]
[tatsu ЙО ] cut out (a garment), cut
(paper)
ЙФэ Hj'T tachidasu cut out (a dress) from
cloth
ЙФэёВН tachinui cutting and sewing
ЙФэШ tachiita (tailor's) cutting board
[sabaku Й < ] judge, pass judgment, de-
cide
Й^ sabaki judgment, decision, verdict
Й gS01ЙЕ sabaki no niwa law court
IHOMQPHONESI
tatsu
®T CUTOFF =>1001
BREAK OFF =>0917
2077
□ 3-6-7
► LOAD
► PUT IN PRINT
SAI no(seru) no(ru)
ж	Joyo	513-7-6	K2660
159	B0832	®3300	U8F09
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] load (a vehicle or ship
--------------------------------------------3
with cargo), lade, carry
ЙК'^"<Ь mansaisuru be loaded to capacity
(with)
sekisaisuru load (a vehicle or ship
with cargo), carry
fl? К tosai loading, embarkation
©0 put in print, publish, carry, put on record
© appear in print, be published
а ШК keisai publication, insertion, printing
MBK'T-b kisaisuru record, state, mention
abJIK rensai serialization, serial publication
& tensai suru reproduce, reprint
3£К~<Г<5 tosaisuru register, record
[KUN]
[noseru Kit-6]
О load (a vehicle or ship with cargo), lade,
carry
IZ Sf	& Kit Ъ fune ni kamotsu о
noseru load a ship with cargo
© place on, put on
fflH^^^Kit-b tana ni hon о noseru
place a book on a shelf
© put in print, publish, carry, put on record
pB® IZ Kit	kiroku ni noseru put on rec-
ord
[noru КЗ]
О appear in print, be published, be recorded
ЙтМ^КЗ shinbun ninoru appear in the
newspaper
© be placed upon
tana no ueninotte
iru be [lie] on a shelf
IHOMQPHONESI
noseru RIDE =>2224
noru RIDE =>2224
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with К receive humbly =>®3302
[ r ]
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-4-9: Г* at 2054
□ 3-6-7
incorrect classification
=>see B2-12-3: Ж at 1845
□ 3-6-9
779
2077
□ 6-9
3	--------------------------
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-4-11:Г at2056
□ 3-6-9
[ Тг Г ]
□3-6-10
2078
□ 3-7-2
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-13:at 1537
► PROCEED TO
FU omomu(ku)
	Joyo	S9-7-2	K4175
156	D1734	<8)3303	U8D74
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSI
• proceed to (as a new appointment), go to,
head for, attend
funin proceeding to a new post
[kun]
[omomuku Й < ] proceed to, go to, head
for
shichi ni omomuku ride into
the jaws of death
IHOMOPHONESI
omomuku @ flavor =>®3317
► RISE
KI o(kiru) o(koru) o(kosu) Щ oki
10
IcompoundsI
O0 [original meaning] (assume a standing posi-
tion) rise (to one's feet), stand up
0 (get out of bed) rise, get up
a EXXЪ kiritsusuru stand up, rise
E® kikyo one's daily life
b ЁЖ kisho getting up, rising
EffiXЪ kiza suru sit up in bed
00 (project upward) rise, protrude
0 raise up, lift
а Е1Л kifuku ups and downs, undulations
^!EX<5 tokkisuru project, protrude
ryuki protuberance, elevation
b ЕЖШ kijOki crane, derrick
© used in forming verbal compounds—roughly
equiv. to up in bring up
fl:EX<5 teikisuru raise (a question), bring
forward
JREXЪ sokisuru remember, recollect
0 rise [rouse oneself] to action, spring up, be
stirred up
SsEX'b funkisuru rouse [bestir] oneself,
rise (to the occasion)
ft EXЪ kekkisuru rise to action, spring up
ME saiki comeback, recovery, restoration
00 start, begin, initiate, promote
0 starting point, beginning, origin
a ESS kiso prosecution, indictment, litigation
ЕЖХ<5 kiso suru draft (a bill), draw up
EX kiko start of construction work
ЕЖ kibaku priming (in explosives)
b Е,Й kiten starting point, terminus
ЕЙМ kigen origin, beginning
/ШЕ engi origin, history; omen, luck
[KUN]
[okiru EgT<5]
OO rise to one's feet, get up
0 rise (from one's bed), get out of bed
a E cf XXX okiagaru get up, rise
b XEX hayaoki early rising
0 wake up, awake
Й	osoku made okite iru
stay up late
0 happen, take place, occur, break out
?7 — ^'^7—X£ of X Kddeta да okita A
coup d'etat broke out
[okoru E£X]
О happen, occur, take place
ZBcfE^X wakiokoru arise
0 (come into existence) rise, spring up, be estab-
lished
ЙТ tZ (ZE Z. -o tZ El arata ni okotta kuni
newly established country
0 arise from, originate in, result from
2078-2079
780
E Z 0 okori origin, source, beginning; cause,
genesis
'F	6 E Z Ъ	$7 fumin kara okoru
hi rd fatigue resulting from insomnia
0 (of heat or electricity) be generated, be pro-
duced
ЖШ T'E Z 'O 7Z masatsu de okotta
netsu heat generated from friction
0 (of diseases) develop, have an attack of
l®xШ/^'Е Z Ъ zensoku ga okoru have an
attack of asthma
[okosu E^TJ
О raise up, set upright
Й cfE dakiokosu lift (a person) in
one’s arms, help (a person) sit up
0 wake up, awake, arouse
fe 0 E yuriokosu shake up, wake by
shaking
© give RISE to, bring about, raise
31 cf E hikiokosu bring about, cause,
provoke; pull up
| HOMOPHONES]
okoru И RISE TO PROSPERITY ==>1852
okosu Я RISE TO PROSPERITY =>1852
► VALIANT
KYU m take takeshi tsuyoshi
isamu
2080
□3-7-3
A	Names	S10-7-3	K7666
156	D2177	03308	U8D73
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [rare] valiant, brave and strong, gallant
ЕЕА'бЙА kyukyutaru bufu soldier of
dauntless courage
2081
□3-7-3
► ISLAND
TO shima
Ш	Jdyo-3	S10-3-7	K3771
46	A0184	03310	U5CF6
' r r		FF-	%	*	
___________________________________________
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] island
MS tomin islanders
ЙЖ shoto archipelago
hanto peninsula
ЯМ retto archipelago
Я&ЛЖ mujinto uninhabited island
|KUN|
[shima Й] [also suffix] island, isle, islet
МИ shimaguni island country
МЖ 0 shimameguri tour ofthe islands, tour
of an island
hanarejima solitary island
SM takarajima treasure island
ЛзСЖ hachijojima Hachijo Island
[ 3 > r* J
	► DIFFERENCE SA sa(su) sa(shi)			
/ | \				
2082	I	Joyo-4	S10-3-7	K2625
□ 3-7-3	48	A0443	03311	U5DEE
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 [original meaning] difference, discrepancy,
inequality, differential
0 (quantitative) difference; math remainder
а sai difference, disparity
sabetsu discrimination
Alt taisa big difference
fezn kakusa difference in quality [price]
АНАПЕ kojinsa individual differences
b H3I sagaku difference (in prices), balance
jisa time difference
0 cross, intersect
kosa crossing, intersection
[INDEPENDENT!
[sa zt] DIFFERENCE
it	saotsukeru discriminate;estab-
lish a lead
chingin nosa wage difference
781
2080-2082
□ 73___________________________________________
3 [KUN]
[sasu m-J
О offer, present, provide
sakazuki о sasu offer a cup (of
_	sake)
J 0 hold up, spread (over one's hand)
Я	kasa о sasu hold an umbrella
© wear in one's belt or hair
7J ^^*3" katana о sasu wear a sword
[sashi HL]
O0 [emphatic or polite prefix] do, execute
G [verbal prefix] send, present
a it L tc K) sashiatari for the time being,
for the present, at present
iirE L_bl\f<5 sashiageru give (to superior)
sashihikaeru be moderate in;
withhold, desist from, refrain from
HELibsashitomeru prohibit,forbid;
suspend (a paper)
ZrELj#/^ sashikakaru come near, ap-
proach
z-S L 31 cT sashihiki balance (of an account);
ebb and flow
HELSlX. sashitsukae hindrance, complica-
tions; objections
sashidasu present,submit,send;
stretch, reach
© [in compounds] measure, measuring
ФЙНЕ L monosashi ruler
© unclassified compounds
L manazashi look, expression
IHOMQPHONESI
sasu
Is FINGER =>0278
$0 STAB =>0855
1Ф INSERT =>0317
ЙЁ POUR =>®325
SI SHOOT =>0979
1E STOP =>®2941
sashi
Я STAB =>0855
Is FINGER =>0278
it STOP =><8>2941
incorrect classification
Й
=>see B2-3-7: ++- at 1464
► BIRD
CHO tori
2083 A □3-7-4	196	Joyo-2	S11-11-0	K3627
	B0949	®3312	U9CE5
/ Г Г		►IWA	
123456789 .I",/’, 10	11 ICOMPOUNDSl			
© [also suffix] [original meaning] bird, fowl
chorui birds, fowls
if Ш yacho wild fowl, wild bird
aicho shokan Bird Week
hogocho protected bird
ekichd beneficial bird
W Ш gaichd injurious bird
В Ж hakuchd swan
"tshichimencho turkey
eh Ж raicho snow grouse
—S’—Ж isseki-nicho killing two birds with
one stone
[KUN]
[tori Ж1
0 Bl RD, fowl
G chicken; fowl, poultry
a MS tori/ torii, Shinto shrine archway (ff)
$5 Ж umidori seabird
<ЬЖ kotori small [little] bird
Йс 0 Ж wataridori migratory bird
/KM mizutori waterfowl
ьВЙ toriniku chicken
ЖЖ toriya bird dealer; poulterer
МЖ mendori hen
IHOMQPHONESI
tori
IS CHICKEN =>®1768
® THE BIRD =>2207
□ 3-7-4
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-3-8: at 1480
□ 3-7-3
2083
782
7-5 □
► SURPASS
CHO ko(eru) ko(su)
O0 (go beyond the limit) surpass, transcend,
excel
© [also prefix] super-, ultra-
a /ШВ'Ж-б choetsusuru transcend, surpass
chozetsu transcendence; excellence,
superiority
chozentaru transcendental, stand-
ing aloof
b jS A chojin superman
choshizenteki na supernatural
SI Ж И A chokokkateki na ultranational-
istic
Й1Н1 Ж chbonsoku supersonic speed
chodgata extra-large
chotokkyu superexpress (train)
0 (go beyond in quantity or degree) surpass,
exceed, be over
ЙЕле! choka excess
[kun]
[koeru ЙЛ-6]
0 (go beyond in quantity or degree) exceed,
surpass, be over
0 (go beyond the limit) surpass, excel, be
above, transcend
a 'сГЙ’Х.'б gendoo koeru pass the limit,
go beyond the limit
ШЗ? ЖЖ A ® XZz Kankyaku wa
hyakunin о koeta The audience ex-
ceeded 100
b AMl^iSAZt jinchi о koeta beyond hu-
man understanding
[kosu ] (go beyond in quantity or degree)
surpass, exceed, rise above, be over
—'Ж Л	A A ichimannin о kosu
hitobito more than 10,000 people
IHOMOPHONESI
koeru ® GO BEYOND =>2085
kosu ® GO BEYOND =>2085
2085
□ 3-7-5
► GO BEYOND
ETSU ko(su) -ko(su) -go(shi)
ko(eru) -go(e) Ц] koshi echi koe
okoshi
	Joyo	S12-7-5	K1759
156	B0654	03314	U8D8A
ICOMPOUNDSI
[ Г» J
O0 go beyond or over a physical or abstract
boundary: go over, skip overjump over
0 go beyond the bounds of propriety or
authority: transgress, overstep, exceed
а Ъ hietsusuru jump over (a hurdle),
clear (a fence)
b ® esso (=osso) appeal made directly to a
senior official without going through
formalities
ekkyd border transgression, violation of
the border
ekken going beyond one's authority
sen'etsu na presumptuous, arrogant
00 GO or be beyond in degree: be more than,
exceed,surpass
0 GO beyond the bounds of the ordinary: be
better than, transcend, surpass, excel
а gekietsuna violent, vehement
JSS'lT'b choetsusuru transcend,surpass
b yuetsu superiority, supremacy
takuetsusuru excel, surpass
[KUN]
[kosu
O0 go over, cross over, pass, go across
© surmount, pass through, overcome
а Ж 0 ® T torikosu go beyond, pass through
Ж 0 norikosu ride past
b |1|<сГЙ£”?~ yamaokosu go across a moun-
tain; surmount a difficulty
00 be better than, surpass
783
2084-2085
ПК Г* ]
□ 7-5____________________________________________
© outstrip, outrun
a	Sorenikoshita
koto wa nai Nothing could be better
К % ® *3“ kachikosu have more wins than
losses; lead (someone) by (three)
matches
b	oikosu outrun, pass;overtake
0 move, change quarters
'jlojffilT hikkosu move, change quarters
[-kosu ] shift over, shift onward
jvfASA mochikosu carry forward, bring
over, defer
Ш 0 kurikosu transfer, bring forward,
carry over
yokosu send; give, hand over
[-goshi -ЙЬ] [also suffix]
0 across, over, beyond
© after, over
а ШЙсЙ!	kakinegoshi ni miru look
over the fence
b	cf o' V > jQnengoshi no
tsukiai acquaintance often years’ stand-
ing
[ koeru ® Л <5 ] go over, go across, go be-
yond, jump over
0 iffiA <5 norikoeru get over, climb over;
surmount, overcome
JII^SA-Ь kawa оkoeru cross a river
[-goe A ] crossing over, going over
7 \	® A bankagoe no ichida
a shot over the bunker
IHOMOPHONESI
kosu SURPASS =>2084
koeru Й SURPASS =>2084
2086
□ 3-7-5
► PUT ON
► ARRIVE
► STICK
CHAKU JAKU ki(ru) -gi ki(seru)
-ki(se) tsu(ku) tsu(keru)
¥	Joyo-3	512-6-6	K3569
123	A0410	03316	U7740
«2Щ
ICOMPOUNDSl
О put on (clothes), don, dress, wear
"ЖЪ chakuyd suru wear, have on
Stic chakui one’s clothes [clothing]
chakubo putting on one’s hat
00 arrive at, reach, come to hand
0 land
0 suffix indicating time, place or order of
arrival
a chakueki destination station
ТмЧй chakushin arrival of mail
tochaku arrival
senchakujun order of arrival
kichakusuru return, come back;
arrive at, result in
IRISI hatchaku departure and arrival
b chakuriku landing, alighting
* ЙЙ chakuchi landing
#7K chakusui alighting [landing] on the wa-
ter
c SfRfM gojichaku no ressha train
due at five o'clock
ЖЖТж Ю(Rf M tokybchaku no jikan time of
arrival in Tokyo
daiitchaku first to arrive
00 stick, adhere, become attached
© (figuratively) stick to, adhere to, hold fast
to
a fuchaku adhesion, agglutination; cohe-
sion
mitchaku close adhesion
kyuchaku adsorption
IS* setchaku adhesion, gluing
Ж* yuchaku adhesion, conglutination; con-
nection, collusion
йзТз АЪ nenchaku suru stick to, be glued
to, adhere to
b shuchaku (=shujaku) attachment;
tenacity
Ц’Яз aichaku (=aijaku) attachment, affec-
tion; love
Ж’1®** A mutonchaku na indifferent, un-
mindful, careless
0 apply, coat, cover, attach to
Яз Ai chakushoku color, coloring
йяэ A-?) sochaku suru fit, install
©0 (come to rest in one place) settle (down),
settle [seat] oneself, become situated,
2086
784
settle down (in a place)
0 (reach a decision) settle, come to a settle-
ment
G settle down, become calm [composed],
become steady
а	chakusekisuru take one's seat
St chakuza taking a seat
ЯэЖ chakuhyo icing (on a plane); ice formed
by icing
chakusho implantation
X^fO dochakuno native, indigenous, abo-
riginal
b i&Sf ketchaku conclusion, decision
'МЯ? rakuchaku settlement, conclusion
c h chakuchaku to steadily, step by step
chakujitsuna steady, solid, sound
ochakuna impudent, brazen; idle,
lazy
chinchaku composure, self-possession
© set about, start, commence
SIX chakko starting construction
chakushu start, commencement
IINDEPENDENTl
[chaku if] arrival
0* sdcho no chaku early morning
arrival
[KUN]
[ kiru W ] vi put on clothes, dress, don,
wear
Im kimono clothes, kimono
Sf'f'tW’ kitsuke dressing, fitting
ЦХ&Ж kikonasu wear [dress (oneself)]
stylishly
kikazaru dress up
kigae change of clothes
□ — b SI <6 koto о kiru put on [don]
one's coat
[-gi -Sf ] [also suffix] wear, clothes, dress, suit
XlW haregi one's best (clothes), gala
[holiday] dress
Mlf hadagi underwear
XSt uwagi outer garment, coat, jacket
ZKW mizugi bathing [swimming] suit
ХЮгЯш fudangi everyday wear [clothes],
home wear
IS RSI homongi visiting [gala] dress
[kiseru	vt dress (a person), put on
[ -hJ Uk J
____________________________________________7^ □
clothes, clothe
Xfa O TlfX'Ъ tetsudatte kiseru help (a
person) dress
X" oshikise clothes provided by the
employer; livery
[-kise -HX?J coated with
$BIfXr0 ginkiseno silver-plated
[tsuku < < ]
O0 arrive at, reach, come to hand
© (succeed in touching) reach, come in con-
tact with, touch
о < eki ni tsuku arrive at the station
It of St <4 ikitsuku arrive at, get to
b Bn Io if Ш funatsukiba harbor; landing place
X X Ц <[ oitsuku catch up with
0 (come to rest in a position) settle, settle [seat]
oneself, become situated, settle down (in a
place)
Й» St <C sekini tsuku take a seat
kitoni tsuku leave for home
SlXIm ochitsuku calm down, settle down,
be steady; settle in, take up one's resi-
dence; harmonize with, match
[tsukeru SHXX]
О (cause to arrive) bring (a vehicle or boat)
alongside, put ashore, berth
Ж — b & № lZ Ц (X Ъ boto о kishi ni
tsukeru put a boat ashore
kuruma о mon ni tsukeru
pull a car up at the gate
0 put on clothes, don, wear, be dressed
ffl X Iff X<5 men о tsukeru put a mask on
IHOMQPHONESI
-gi GARMENT =>®2013
tsuku
{X АПАСН =>0019
Й АПАСН =>®347
SET ABOUT =>1113
BP IMMEDIATE =>®1120
Д POINT =>®2084
tsukeru
# АПАСН =>0019
Й АПАСН =>®347
gt SET ABOUT =>1113
BP IMMEDIATE =>®1120
Ж POINT =>®2084
Ж PICKLE =>0496
785
2086
□ 7-8
[ ]
2087
□3-7-8
► FLAVOR
► PURPOSE
SHU omomuki
	Joyo	S15-7-8	K2881
156	Cl 191	®3317	U8DA3
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 flavor, distinctive charm, elegance,
taste, beauty, sentiment
О interest, taste, hobby
a 'IW® jdshu mood, sentiment, artistic effects,
charms
fEFffi yashu charms of the countryside, rural
beauty
Я® kyoshu taste, elegance, flavor
b ffift; shumi hobby, interest, taste
zokushu vulgar taste
0 purpose, aim, motive, object, meaning,
purport
ffi e shushi purpose, aim; purport, meaning
®M shui purpose, motive, aim; purport,
meaning, point
®|p] shuko idea, contrivance, plan
M® ishu spite, grudge, enmity; [original
meaning] purpose, meaning
[KUN]
[omomuki ®] purport, effect, meaning,
tenor, gist; flavor, distinctive charm, taste,
elegance
LSLZz Otegamino
omomuki shochi shimashita I have
duly noted the contents of your letter
®<Z)W<5 omomukinoaru tasteful,zestful,
elegant
и
□ 3-8-0
incorrect classification
=>see E 1-4-4: P at 0597
► ENDEAVOR
BEN Щ tsutomu
2088		Jdyd-3	S10-2-8	K4257
□3-8-2	19	Cl 128	®3318	U52C9
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] endeavor, make efforts,
work diligently, exert oneself
benrei diligence, industry
benkyo study; selling cheap
bengaku study
kinbenna diligent, assiduous, indus-
trious, hardworking
► MAGNIFICENT
HYO HYO [1] take takeshi akira
tsuyoshi aya tora
2089
□ 3-8-3
Names	511-3-8	K4123
D2847	®3318.5	U5F6A
► CLOSE
HEI to(jiru) to(zasu) shi(meru)
shi(maru)
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] (move into closed position)
close, shut, confine
1Я8Й heisa closing, closure, shutdown
И □ heiko suru be dumfounded
[stumped], be silenced
kaiheisuru open and shut [close];
make and break (circuits)
mippeisuru close up tightly, seal
hermetically
2087-2090
786
8-4 □
0 (bring to an end) close (a shop), adjourn, end
ffl^ heikai dosing (of a meeting), adjourn-
ment
fflJS heiten dosing the shop
ffl Ж heimaku to naru come to a
dose [end]
fflK heiko dosing a school
[KUN]
[tojiru HlU&Jw&vt
О CLOSE, shut
ffl	tojikomeru shut in [up], lock in
[up]
ffl 15 ЙГ tojikomoru shut oneself up (in
a room)
© (come or bring to an end) close (a meeting)
SI ffl 15 <5 maku о tojiru close the curtain;
come to an end
[tozasu ffl c$ T] vt shut, close, fasten, lock
fflF* ffl cfT топко о tozasu close the
door to, exclude
[shimeru ffl vt (move into closed position)
Shut, CLOSE
Цх & ffl id %> futa о shimeru shut the lid
[shimaru fflS&] v/beshut,becLOSEd,
shut, dose
ffl 0 shimari shutting, closing
P^ffl^oZt To ga shimatta The door
shut [closed]
IHOMOPHONESI
tojiru HF =><8)1381
shimeru
ft CONCLUDE =>0945
1/x ^®3372
S STRANGLE =>0913
shimaru
ft CONCLUDE =>0945
STRANGLE =>0913
ffl
2091
□3-8-3
► QUESTION
MON to(u) to(i) ton
□	Joyd-3	S11-3-8	K4468
30	A0077	03320	U554F
irififгmm3
123456789
ffliffl
10 11
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] question, ask, inquire
0 question, inquiry, problem
а Ж ffl shitsumon question
Uffl'F'S jinmonsuru question, examine,
interrogate
nnffl'T^) kitsumonsuru cross-examine,
cross-question, question closely
IS ffl komon adviser, consultant
b fflIS mondai problem, question, issue, mat-
ter
fflt? mondo questions and answers, cate-
chism
iffiffl nanmon difficult problem [question]
0 call on, pay a visit
Uffl hdmon visit
ffijtffl imon inquiring after a person's health;
consolation
[KUN]
[tou ffl 5 J ask, question, inquire
toiawaseru inquire, make a
reference, apply
fflHM’F toitadasu inquire, question
ffl ИВп toitsumeru press a question,
cross-examine
[toi ffl И ] question, query, inquiry, interro-
gation
ffl V %> toi о kakeru ask a question of
(a person)
[ton ffl ] [in compounds] unclassified com-
pounds
ffl ft ton'ya (=toiya) wholesale store, whole-
saler, commission agent
IHOMOPHONESI
tou visit =^><8)1468
□3-8-3
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-2-9: at 1341
□ 3-8-4
incorrect classification
=>see B2-4-8: 0 at 1600
787
2091
□ 8-4
3 F—4	пи 2092 □ 3-8-4	► OPEN KAI hira(ku) hira(ki) -bira(ki) hira(keru) a(ku) a(keru)						
		169	Joyo-3	S12-8-4			K1911	
			A0075	®3321			U958B	
n	II IF if	IF		IF'.		Fl	Fl	Fl		
b—J	12 3 4 ИИЙ'		5	6	7		8	9
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] open, open up, become
open, unfold, expand
0 open up land, develop, clear (land),
reclaim
а BHMtTЪ kaiheisuru open and shut [close];
make and break (circuits)
ПИЙ-^Ъ kaifusuru open (a letter), unseal
Ufffi kaitsu opening to [for] traffic
®5H tenkai unfolding, development, evolu-
tion; deployment
kdkai opening to the public
b HH^s'T<5 kaihatsu suru develop, open out;
enlighten
kaitaku reclamation, opening up, clear-
ing; exploitation
0 open, commence, establish
kaishisuru begin, commence,
open
HH^ kaikai opening a meeting
Mffl kaiso founder, originator
HHlS kaiun beginning of good luck
Ъ kaisai suru hold an event, open
(an exhibition)
HHJE7<b kaitensuru open a store [shop];
set up a business
saikaisuru reopen, resume
[KUN]
[hiraku 1л1 < ]
0 open, open up; unfold, flower
0 open up, commence operations
0 open (a conference), hold (a meeting)
а НПсГЕ-Ь hirakinaoru switch to a defiant
attitude
ьЙЖ mise о hiraku open a business
c A—77 — UH < patiо hiraku give a
party
[hiraki HI cf ] OPENing; split and dried fish;
adjournment, breakup (of a wedding)
НИ сГЙЙХ hirakiaji split and dried saurel
Я ПН gF ohiraki breakup of a wedding
L-biraki -HHcd OPENing
WHHcf rydbiraki double door
[hirakeru НИ widen, become oPENed
up; develop, become civilized; be up-to-date
ВП & и <5 Machi ga hirakete iru The
town is opened up
[aku ВИ < J
0 open, become open
0 (of a shop) open, begin
a В 7Й^ НИ ИХИ <5 Doa ga aite iru The
door is open
ЖПИ gT makuaki raising ofthe curtains; be-
ginning
jujiniaku (the shop) opens ten
o'clock
[akeru open, unlock
P	НП ft %) tooakeru open the door
IHOMQPHONESI
hiraku
Й OPEN UP =>(8>317
ENLIGHTEN =>®2763
aku
$ SKY =>1418
ВД BRIGHT =>0572
akeru
Ф SKY =>1418
ВД BRIGHT =>0572
► LEISURE
► QUIET
KAN Ц] shizu
2093		Joyo	812-8-4	K2055
□ 3-8-4	169	D2019	®3322	U9591
I г г r r firirv-i
123456789
ИЯМ
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 leisure, idleness, spare time
0 idle, LEisuREly, idly
a kansan leisure, inactivity
2092-2093
788
йММ nokanki leisure season for farmers
b IMH kankyo idle life, quiet retreat
fMO kanshoku leisurely post, do-nothing job
jSfMch ankanto idly, in idleness
© quiet, tranquil
kanseina quiet, tranquil
LZt shinkan toshita quiet, still, si-
lent as a graveyard
►INTERVAL
► BETWEEN
KAN KEN aida ma Ц] hazama
	Joyo-2	S12-8-4	K2054
169	A0041	03323	U9593
I г г rr'iwiH
123456789
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [also suffix] (space between) interval, space,
opening, distance
НРй kankaku interval, space
Мёс kansetsu indirect
ФМ кйкап space, room
KM kukan section, territory
ЖЖАЙАМ tokyo-osaka-kan between
Tokyo and Osaka
© [also suffix]
0 (time between) interval, duration of time,
period
© for an interval of, during
a HfM jikan time, period; hour
Ж M [3 yakan ni at night
МЯГн| kikan term, period
®M shukan week
b “h^₽M junenkan for ten years
© [also suffix] between, among, midway
MJt kanshoku eating between meals; snack
ФН chukan middle, midway
КМ<£) minkanno private, nongovernmen-
tal, civil
seken world, society; the public, people
AM ningen human being, man; people,
mankind
zzjffiM san'yukan baseball between third
and shortstop
8-4 □
A M yujinkan ni among one's friends
[INDEPENDENT!
[kan Ml (space between) interval, space,
opening, distance; (time between) interval, _p.
duration of time, period
M—kan'ippatsu by a hairbreadth
i2(Z)M kono kan during this period
[KUN]
[aida Ml
О (space between) interval, space, opening,
distance
aidaoakeru leave space
(between)
§ф-О©М sukironoaida for several kilo-
meters
0 (time between) interval, duration of time,
period
M ё Vaida о oite at intervals (of), in-
termittently
fiV^M nagaiaida longtime
Z. 0M konoaida the other day, recently
© (something between) middle; between,
among, midway; relationship, terms
Mffi aidagara relation, terms
[ma Ml
О (space between) interval, space, opening
^M tanima valley, gorge
l®xM sukima gap, opening; crack, crevice
© (time between) interval, duration of time,
period
ma mo naku soon, in a short time
majikani nearby, close at hand
JEM hiruma daytime, day
ФМ tema labor, trouble; time (required for a
task)
© between, among
{ФМ nakama company, fellow, comrade, as-
sociate
0 timing, situation, occasion
М^ел О maniau be in time; answer the
purpose; can do without
M^	ma niawaseru manage,
make do, make shift; have (something)
ready (by a certain time)
М^'аЪ’Ё’ maniawase makeshift, tempo-
rary expedient
MifH machigai mistake, error
789
2094
□ 8-4
ч----------------------------------------
И8^ manuke stupid fellow, bonehead,
nitwit
MM noroma dull fellow
0 room, chamber
ё M /та living [sitting] room
Ж^ОМ chanoma living room
луг ЙлйсМ osetsuma drawing room, guest room
I-*	7L® * 0 M kujaku no ma the Peacock Room
IW
□ 3-8-4
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-6-6: ** at 1721
► LEADER
KAI sakigake Ц] isamu isao
hajime suguru tsutomu
2095
□ 3-8-6
	Names	S14-10-4	KI 901
194	D1946	®3324.5	U9B41
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 leader, chief, head, the highest
© as great or eminent as a leader
a /Hl=f kaishu leader; top candidate for the
classical examinations in ancient China
b kaiina gigantic, large-boned and
impressive
[kun]
[sakigake
0 the lead, the initiative
© pioneer, forerunner; herald, sign
a Stfl Ф	<5 гуйкб no sakigake to naru
lead the fashion, take the lead
haru no sakigake harbinger of spring
2096
□ 3-8-6
► CLIQUE
BATSU
Pl	Joyo	S14-8-6	K4022
169	C1149	®3325	U95A5
L.LJLLL
M MM MH
ИННИН
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [also suffix] clique, clan, power group
JrM habatsu clique, faction, coterie
MM zaibatsu financial clique [combine],
zaibatsu
gakubatsu academic clique, academic
diquism
ЖМ gunbatsu military clique
iWM hanbatsu clan favoritism, clanship
[ЗГЖМ satsumabatsu Satsuma clan
2097
□ 3-8-6
► HEAR
BUN MON ki(ku) ki(koeru)
5	Jdyd-2	S14-6-8	K4225
128	A0266	®3326	U805E
Il	ir ir J r нп	ri	и
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (perceive by ear) hear
© (learn by being told) hear of, be told
оЯМ kenbun experience, observation,
knowledge
Ь ЧёИзх chdmonkai hearing
ЙиК^ткМО zendaimimon no unheard-of,
unprecedented
0 HEARsay, rumor, news
faffl denbun hearsay, rumor, report
ЖМ fubun rumor, hearsay
SfM shinbun newspaper
IBM kyubun old news
[KUN]
[kiku M<]
O0 HEAR
© hear of, be informed
a Mcf kikigurushii disagreeable to
hear, offensive to the ear
M£^ kikite listener,audience
И сГ <5 kikitoru catch, follow, understand
ffl cTIR ty kikitori aural comprehension
Й^Мс^ nusumigiki eavesdropping, tap-
ping
b MZ)VU'<5 kikaseru inform, tell; read to, play
for, sing for
0 ask, inquire
kikikaesu inquire again
Ж M < michi о kiku ask the way
2095-2097
790
[kikoeru И cL Ahear, be heard
[audible]
Ж M Z.Л Ъ Кое да kikoeru I hear a voice
IHOMQPHONESI
kiku
5® LISTEN =>0956
ВДХ =>®1452
О TALL MAGNIFICENT BUILDING, tower, pavil-
ion, stately mansion, palace
kakka Your [His] Excellency
HSfS rokaku multistoried building
tenshukaku castle-tower; dungeon,
keep
bukkaku Buddhist temple
ginkakuji Ginkaku Temple
0 cabinet (of a government)
НЖ kakuryo cabinet members
РУЗйИ kakugi cabinet conference
ЛИ naikaku cabinet
1Ж 2099	► CONCERN ► BARRIER KAN seki -zeki kaka(waru)A			
		Jdyd-4	S14-8-6	K2056
□3-8-6	169	A0073	®3328	U95A2
|	Г	Г I	r	г	n			H
мнййй'
10	11	12	13	14
ICOMPOUNDSl
8-6 □
----------------------------------------------3
relate, involve, be connected with
М1Ж kankei relation, relationship, connection
M3S kanren connection, relation, association
ЩЬС? kanshin concern, interest	л
Ъ kan'yo suru take part in, partici- 7I—
pate in, be concerned in
kanchisuru be concerned (with),
have a concern (in)
sdkan mutual relationship, correlation
00 barrier, customs barrier, checkpoint
0 entranceway, gateway
of® kanzei customs, custom duty
kanmon barrier, gateway
МЖ kanto Kanto district
kansai Kansai district
zeikan customhouse
ЖЙ nankan barrier, obstacle, difficulty
ЙМ tsukan customs clearance, entry
bJM genkan entrance, (front) door
0 connection, link; turning point
И5ЙЙ kansetsu joint
tUH kikan engine, machine; agency, facilities,
institution
IINDEPENDENTl
[kansuru MT&J concern, relate to, be
connected with
[KUN]
[seki MJ [in compounds] champion wrestler,
sumo wrestler
HIX sekitori ranking sumo wrestler
ЛМ dzeki sumo wrestler of second highest
rank
[-zeki -B5] suffix after names of sumo wres-
tlers
wajimazeki Champion Wajima (sumo
wrestler)
[kakawaru
О be coNCERNed in, be involved
kakawari relation, connection
jiken ni kakawaru be in-
volved in a case
0 influence (adversely), affect
inochi ni kakawaru be threat-
ening to one's life, be a matter of life and
death, fatal
О concern (oneself), be concerned (with),
791
2098-2099
□ 8-7
3 IHOMOPHONESI
kakawaru
{7^ CONNECT =>0073
Й ARREST =>0230

2100
□3-8-7
► CHARM
Ml
	Joyo	515-10-5	K4405
194	C1285	03329	U9B45
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSI
• charm, bewitch, enchant, fascinate
miryoku charm, glamour, appeal
miwaku fascination, enchantment,
charm
® T'T-b mirydsuru charm, fascinate
ИЗ
2101
03-8-7
► REVIEW
ETSU
РЧ	Joyo	515-8-7	K1760
169	D1731	03330	U95B2
i г r r г тин
пмт йй ’
10	11	12	13	14	15
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 review manuscripts, read carefully, look
over, revise, edit
0 [original meaning] review (troops), inspect,
examine
а 1Я5£'3--?> etsuransuru read, pursue
^R3 ken'etsu censorship; inspection, review
К S3 kdetsu revision, reviewing, editing
b 53 Д eppei inspection [review] of troops
®53 kan'etsu inspection of troops
2102	► FIGHT TO tataka(u)			
	Pl	Joyo	518-8-10	K3814
□3-8-10	169л	B0791	03334	U95D8
ITT.............Г г; ПШИ
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 FIGHT (with)
0 fight, fighting, struggle
a togyu bullfight, fighting bull
abSH funto hard fighting
SLИ ranto free-for-all [confused] fight, melee
ЙсМ sento battle, fight, combat
ketto duel
© (struggle with) fight (against), contend with,
compete with
IIФ toso fight, conflict
11 zt toshi fighter, boxer
IIS togi competition, contest
fill II kento good fight; strenuous efforts
WftB shunto spring labor offensive
[KUN]
[tatakau И О ] (struggle with) fight (against),
contend with, strive against
ЦЦИ tatakai struggle, conflict
child konnan to tatakau contend
with difficulties
[HOMOPHONES]
tatakau Wc war =>1169
tatakai Wc war =>1169
ЖГ	incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-17: ULJ at 1547
□3-8-12
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-5-8:110 at 1672
□ 3-9-4
2100-2102
792
2103
□ 3-9-9
► TITLE
► TOPIC
► PROBLEM
DAI
я	Jdyo-3	S18-9-9	K3474
181	A0129	@3337	U984C
14-4 □
[INDEPENDENT!
[dai IS]title, caption; topic, subject, theme
daiotsukeru entitle
sakubun no dai subject of a com-
position
13 ]
ICOMPOUNDSl
О title, caption, heading, headline
IS @ daimoku title, heading; theme; prayer
ofthe Nichiren sect
daimei title
ЙИ hyddai title, heading, caption
t&lS kaidai change of title
0 topic, subject, theme
SStt daizai subject matter, theme
HEH shudai subject, theme
ЙИ wadai topic [subject] of conversation
Sllf endai subject of a speech, speech title
ВЙИ gidai topic for discussion
kanwakyudai to return to the sub-
ject
© problem, question
fojll mondai problem, question, issue, mat-
ter
BSIB kadai task, assignment; problem
ШВ nandai difficult problem [question]
ШИТ-Ь shutsudaisuru set a problem
Ш1В shukudai homework
□ 3-10-4
□3-10-5
□ 3-11-4
□3-11-5
□ 3-11-7
м
□ 3-11-8
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-8-6: at 2095
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-8-7: L at 2100
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-3-12: Г at 2030
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-3-13: Л at 2033
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-З-15: P* at2034
incorrect classification
=>see H2-3-16: * at 1545
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-З-18: Г at 2035
□ 3-11-10

incorrect classification
=>seeH2-6-12:^at1746
□3-14-4
793
2103
1-1
4
Ъ
Т
SOLID
± ft а
► SECOND
OTSU oto-A Ц] to
► ONE
ICHI ITSU hito- hito(tsu) Ц] kazu
hi hajime osamu makoto susumu
2104
4-1-1
ZL	Joyo	S1-1-0	K1821
5	D1969	®3339	U4E59
2105
4-1-4
Joyo-1	S1-1-0	K1676
A0002	®3341	U4E00
ICOMPOUNDSl
ICOMPOUNDSl
• the second, B; second class, grade B; the
latter
ZLH otsushu second grade
Ф ZL kootsu first and second, former and lat-
ter
IINDEPENDENTl
[otsu ZL] the SECOND, B; the latter; second
calendar sign; bass (in traditional Japanese
music)
|KUN|
[oto- ZL-] (ofgirls) young, youngest
otome virgin, maiden
T
incorrect stroke-count
=>see  4-2-1 at 2107
O0 [also prefix] [original meaning] one, unity,
first
© one time, once
G make one, unify, become one
a —jj ippo one side, one hand; a party, the
other party; in the mean time; only
—ichibu part, portion, section; a copy (of a
book)
IZ issho ni together; at the same time; in
a lump
ichiban first, first place; first verse; most,
best; a game, a round, a bout; a number,
a piece
—issen 1000
ittai one body; a style, a form; (why,
what) on earth, (what, why) in the world
—Ж ikka family, household; one's family;
style (of established reputation)
—*Йл ichid once; in outline; tentatively; for the
time being
ichigatsu January
isshun instant, moment
2104-2105
794
2-1
—lZ isshokenmeini for life, with all
one's might
ichidaiji matter of great importance
* ichiichi one by one; in detail
—issd more, even more, all the more
—ichidoni at a time, all at once
ichibubun part, portion, section
ichien the entire region [district]; one
yen
daiichi the first, number one; the best;
to begin with, above everything else
^0 yuiitsuno the only, the sole
b (Z ippen ni once
c №—toitsusuru unify, coordinate, stan-
dardize
© [also prefix] (a certain) one, a, an, another
ichiya (=hitoyo) one night, a night
ichiin member
© (one and the) same, identical
itchi accord, agreement
ichiritsu uniformity, equality
— kin'itsu uniformity, equality, evenness
0 all in one, everything, the whole
^®0 ippanno general, universal, wide-
spread
~^0 issaino all, entire, whole
issd suru clean out, wipe out, dis-
pel, eradicate
—*IrJ ichido all (of us), all persons concerned
ichiza the whole company, all present
itten the whole sky
© one and only, sole, exclusive
—*J^(Z ichizu ni with all one's might; blindly
^Й(^) ikkd (ni) (not) at all, (not) in the least
-^lAZ isshinni wholeheartedly, with one's
whole heart
© the best
^St0 ichiryuno first-rate; peculiar
© one little bit, slight amount
ikken a look, a glance; apparently
—ichiji for a time, temporarily; once; one
o'clock
ippu-kawatta odd, queer;
eccentric
[INDEPENDENT!
[ichi one, unity
ч ZZ > H > Ш... ichi, ni, san, shi... one,
two, three, four...
"t^0— nanabun no ichi one seventh
[KUN]
[hito-
О one, onetime
—A hitori one person; only (child, son or
daughter)
—A^A hitori-hitori one by one, one at a
time
1=1 hitotsukime first month
ft hitoshdbu one round
—hitobanju all night (long)
—hitomazu for the time being, for the
present
-^10 hitoeno single (layer)
0 hitotori briefly, in a general way
Ъ hitoyasumisuru take a (short)
rest
—® 0 hitonigiri a handful (of rice)
© at one time, once
— еэ hitomukashi age, generation; decade
[hitotsu one; the same
@ 0 hitotsumeno one-eyed; first
ISPECIAL READINGS]
—* 0 tsuitachi 1 st of the month
—ototoshi (=issakunen) year before
last
IHOMOPHONESI
hitori
Ж0 =>0293
^A =>2105,2111
tsuitachi
$! FIRST DAY OF THE LUNAR MONTH =>0890
^0 =>2105,1915

2106
4-2-1
► TOWN SUBSECTION
► MISCELLANEOUS COUNTER
CHO TEI
1	Jdyd-3	S2-1-1	K3590
	B0967	®3348	U4E01
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
О (minor subdivision in the Japanese addressing
system) town subsection, chome, subsec-
tion of a cho (town section)
@ nichome 2-chome
795
2106
И21
4	ЩИлТ ИТ НТ* И kokufucho sanchome 3-
chome, Kokufu-cho
_ 0 counter for miscellaneous things, as:
T 0 cakes (of bean curd)
у © servings (as of cutlet, noodles, etc.)
a ‘T tofu itcho one cake of bean curd
b7— X XzlTT ramen sancho three bowls
of Chinese noodles
© worker, servant
ЖГТ hdcho kitchen knife, carving knife
J] 0 just, exactly
Tffi chddo just, exactly; as if
© courteous
teineina polite, courteous
ТЖК teichoni politely, courteously
T
2107
4-2-1
► FINISH
► COMPREHEND
RYO
J	Joyo	S2-1-1	K4627
6	B0937	®3350	U4E86
ICOMPOUNDSl
О finish, complete, conclude
girydsuru finish discussion, close a
debate
miryo unfinished, incomplete
kanryosuru complete, finish; be
completed, be finished
SOtX shuryosuru end, conclude, com-
plete; expire
(ЙТ shuryo completion (of a course)
manryosuru expire, become due
0 comprehend, know dearly, understand
TЙ? ryokai understanding, comprehension;
consent
Tryoshosuru acknowledge, under-
stand, note
ryochisuru know, understand, ap-
preciate
2108
4-2-1
[mata X]
► AGAIN
mata mata- mata(no)-
X	Joyo	S2-2-0	K4384
29	D1865	®3351	U53C8
О again, once more [again], repeatedly
X^ d H	mata au hi made till we meet
again
XL~Ct) matashitemo once again
0 [often preceded by mo] also, too, as well
X watakushi mo mata I also, me too
XTl^XStSZs Sore mo mata kekko da
That's also good
0 [often followed by H wa] or, in other words
ХЙ matawa or; in other words
[mata- X-] [also prefix] indirect, through an
intermediary
XI? L matagashi underlease, sublease
XMcf matagiki hearsay, secondhand in-
formation
Х'йсЯ^В mataitoko second cousin
[matano- X<Z)-J another, next
X0?i matanona another name, alias
X© 0 matanohi the next day; another day,
some other day
IHOMQPHONESI
mata
Ф ALSO =>1268
Ж RETURN TO =><8>575
n	incorrect classification =>see ПЗ-1-1: T at 1858
4-2-1	
4-2-1	incorrect stroke-count =>seeB4-1-1 at 2104
4-2-1	incorrect stroke-count =>see И4-3-1 at 2125
2107-2108
796
2-4
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-1-1:1 at 1857
4-2-1
► SEVEN
SHICHI nana nana(tsu) nano
[£] na
2109
4-2-2
1	Joyo-1	S2-1-1	K2823
	A0066	©3362	U4E03
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
• seven, seventh
shichiyohyd calendar
АЯ shichigatsu July
“0"b 0 jushichinichi 17 days; 17th ofthe
month
[INDEPENDENT!
[shichi -t] seven
[KUN]
[nana t]seven
"t Ж flfl nanashukan seven weeks
"0Ж nanakusa the seven spring herbs, the
seven autumnal flowers
[nanatsu 0Э] seven; seven years old
nanatsume seventh
[nano "t] [in compounds] seven
"t 0 nanoka (=nanuka) seven days; 7th of
the month
[SPECIAL READINGS]
"ЬЗ7 tanabata Festival ofthe Weaver [Star
Vega]; the Star Festival
2110
4-2-3
► TEN
JU JIT- to to Ц so
	Joyo-1	S2-2-0	K2929
24	A0004	©3365	U5341
ICOMPOUNDSl
О ten, tenth
“03$ jdji ten o'clock
shichiju 70
S§“0 daiju tenth
0 complete, completely, perfect
“0^0^ jubunna full, enough, sufficient-
plentiful
“0^0 juzenno perfect, absolute
© cross
“0^$£ jujika cross, crucifix
“0^58 jujiro crossroads
[INDEPENDENT!
[j0 -0]TEN
~“0ichi kara ju made without
exception
[KUN]
[to “0] ten, tenth
+ 0 toka ten days; 10th ofthe month
[to ~0]ten
+Ж toe tenfold
“0 A“0fe Junin toiro So many men, so many
minds
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Zl-0 hatachi 20 years old
—“00 hatsuka 20 days; 20th of the month
+Ж—+Ж toehatae manifold, multitude
2111
4-2-4

► HUMAN BEING
JIN NIN hito -ri* -to*
A	Joyo-1	S2-2-0	K3145
9	A0007	©3368	U4EBA
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] [original meaning] human being,
person, man; people, mankind
© counter for people
а А|я] ningen human being, man; people,
mankind
A® jinrui mankind, humankind
A1E0 jinkono artificial
A^ jin'i human work, artificiality
Aiii0 jinzdno artificial, man-made
A К jinmin the people, populace, subjects
Az0 jinsei human life, life
AM ninki popularity;temperament ofthe
797
2109-2111
2-4
people; business conditions
A£j jinmei personal name
АЖ 2ЁЙ jinddshugi humanitarianism
A A A fujin wife, married lady, Mrs.
ЙА shonin merchant, trader, tradesman
i ftfi A tanin another person, other people;
stranger
si fill A kojin individual
JJ1AA gendaijin modern person [people]
"t b ASfc ninzu number of people
Z1+ A nijunin 20 people
0 [suffix]
0 person of specific geographical origin,
nationality or race
© person of certain category, as the performer of
an action or holder of an occupation: -er (as in
manager)
а У У U A A amerikajin American
AHA gaikokujin foreigner, alien
b JRL4^A kenbutsunin spectator, sightseer
ft Ji A ryorinin cook
ЗЖА shihainin manager, executive
гОьА geinojin performing artist
© personality, character, disposition
At# jinkaku character, personality
[kun]
[hito A]
O0 man, human being, person, mankind
© people, men
a A® L hitogoroshi murder; murderer
А Ж hitojichi hostage, prisoner
A A hitobito people
AiSH hitochigai mistaken identify
f£A koibito lover, sweetheart
b А Ж hitode turnout, crowd
hitodakari да suru be
crowded with people
AA/0^^9 hitodakari crowd, throng
0 other people, others
А Ж hitogoto other people's affairs
A О	hito no капе other people's money
AIHAlOA-S hitomishiri suru be shy of
strangers
A R hitome attention, public notice
© nature, character, personality
Affi hitogara character, personality
4oA£FL ohitoyoshi good-natured person;
credulous person
[-ri -A] counter for people
—A hitori one person; only (child, son or
daughter)
22 A futari two persons
[-to -A] person
A A kuroto expert, master hand; prostitute
Ж A shiroto amateur, novice, outsider; de-
cent woman
A1 A nakbdo go-between, matchmaker
SA wakodo youth, young man
ISPECIAL READINGS]
A A otona adult
IHOMOPHONESI
hitori
=>0293
—A =>2105,2111
► NINE
KYU KU kokono kokono(tsu)
Ц] hisashi
2112	£	Joyo-1	S2-1-1	K2269
4-2-4	5	A0028	®3369	U4E5D
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 NINE
А Ж kydhyaku 900
AIR kyukai nine times
AHLffi kydseijutsu astrology
А Я kugatsu September
A A kyunin nine people
[independent!
[kyu A] NINE
[ku A] NINE
[KUN]
[kokono A] [in compounds] nine
A0 kokonoka nine days; 9th of the month
АЖ kokonoe ninefold; Imperial Palace
[kokonotsu AO] NINE; nine years old
2112
798
2-4
2113
4-2-4
► ENTER
► PUTIN
NYU i(ru) -i(ru) -i(ri) i(reru) -i(re)
hai(ru)
Joyd-1	S2-2-0	K3894
A0046	©3370	U5165
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] enter, come in, go in
ЛШ nyujd entrance, admission
ЛИ пуйкоки entry [entrance] into a country
A^'T^) nyushitsu suru entering a room;
join (a laboratory)
JRA shunyu income, earnings, receipts
SAT^) shinnyusuru invade, raid, trespass,
intrude
^|*A kainyu intervention
00 (become a member of) enter, join, be
admitted
0 abbrev. of A^ пуйдаки: ENTERing a
school
a	пуйдаки suru enter a school,
matriculate
АР5^"-Ь пуйтоп suru become a pupil of,
enter a private school
Afffl'T'S пуйкаки suru join the Cabinet,
become a Cabinet member
АЖ nyusho winning a prize
ЛЖ’^'Ь nyusen suru be accepted, be se-
lected
ЯПА'Т<?) kanyusuru enter,join
b AH nyOshi entrance examination
0 put in, insert, enter, admit
AtL nyusatsu tender, bidding
A?1 Ъ nyushusuru obtain, get, come by,
procure
АЙ пуйгуоки input; power input
A^z nyukin receiptof money; money re-
ceived
BE ATkinyu suru enter, write in, record
£ЁЛ сЬйпуй pouring into, injection
IftA уипуй import, importation
WA donyu introduction
[kun]
[iru AS]
0 enter, go in, come in
0 (ofthe sun) set
a AO iri setting (ofthe sun); attendance; be-
ginning; income
A 0 □ iriguchi entrance
ff L А Ъ oshiiru enter by force, break into
b A 0 0 irihi setting sun
[-iru -A <5 J emphatic verbal suffix
StlAS osoreiru be overwhelmed
[dumfounded] (as with gratitude, shame,
regret or astonishment)
M A & kikiiru listen attentively to, be lost
in
[-iri -AO] [also suffix]
O0 ENTERing
0 be encased, be placed in
а ША 0 deiri going in and out; frequentation,
usual visit (as by a merchant); indenta-
tions; incomings and outgoings; trouble,
fight
TTAO tachiiri entering
b Й1Л Ю 0 hakoiri no cased, boxed
0 (be accepted as a member) enter, join, enroll
УпАО puroiri turning professional
{ФМЛ 0 nakamairi joining the ranks of
[ireru Att6]
O0 put in, enter, insert, fit; add to
0 let in, admit, show in
a Atl#A irekae replacement, shifting;
switching
H~AtV5 poketto ni ireru put (a
thing) in one’s pocket
00 (cause to enter) send, deliver, extend
0 (put into action or use) exercise (care), exert
а Ф LAtl-S moshiireru propose; make
representations to
b At! teire care, repairs, trimming; (police)
raid
0 accommodate, hold, contain
Atl^ iremono receptacle, container
S^TAtl ukeire reception; acceptance
Ж 0 Atl noriire extension (of a railway line)
into
1X 0 Atl-S toriireru take in; harvest; accept,
adopt, introduce
fflPLAtl oshiire closet; wall-cupboard
0 accept, tolerate, be compatible
ukeireru accept, consent to;
[ rt- N- > > ]
799
2113
2-4
receive, accommodate
«ЛЙйИ aiirenai incompatible
M gTkikiireru comply with, accept
Д [-ire -Atl] [suffix] receptacle, container
A fflUAtl kozeniire change purse
A [hairu A <5 J enter, come in, go in; break in;
A enter (a school), join, go into; contain, hold,
accommodate; have, get, receive; begin, set in
A 0 hairikomu get in, come in, enter
>7 v V А %> kurabu ni hairu join a club
EAA^IS^ sennin hairu kodo audito-
rium with a seating capacity of 1000
А Ъ капе да te ni hairu get hold
of money
ШЖ £ A О Zt Tsuyu ni haitta The rainy
season has set in
IHOMOPHONESI
iru Ж IMPORTANT =>1683
iri Ж IMPORTANT =» 1683
ireru W APPEARANCE =>®2277
2114
4-2-4
► POWER
RYOKU RIKI chikara Щ tsutomu
isamu
	Joyo-1	S2-2-0	K4647
19	A0068	<S>3371	U529B
7#
ICOMPOUNDSl
OG [also suffix] [original meaning] muscular
power, physical strength, force, might
© military power, armed force
0 (power in general) power to influence,
strength, influence, authority
a A A jinryoku human power [strength]
ЙЙА kinryoku muscular strength [power]
(A A tairyoku physical strength, strength of
one's body
RA bdryoku violence, force
*j£A goriki Herculean strength; mountain
carrier [guide]
WAIt shoryokuka labor savings
is A T zenryoku de with all one's might, to
the best of one's ability
H A A <5 goninriki ga aru have the
strength of five men
b i A shuryoku main force, main body
jffcA buryoku military power, armed might
с Ж A kenryoku power, authority, influence
15* A seiryoku influence, power, might; force
(of a typhoon)
Ж A iryoku power, might, authority, influ-
ence
1ЙА hakuryoku power, force, punch, appeal
'Й A W yuryokusha influential person, man
of importance
^A kinryoku power of money
53tAZ£ kydryokuna strong, powerful,
mighty
00 (source of energy) power, energy; motive
power
(•) phys force
а Ж A denryoku electric power, electricity
JMtF A genshiryoku atomic energy, nuclear
power
Ж A bariki horsepower; energy, effort; cart,
wagon
b SiAifi doryokugen power source
ffl A shutsuryoku generating power, output
Ж A juryoku gravity, force of gravity
EEJ'J atsuryoku pressure
A®^MA hyomen choryoku surface tension
00 [also suffix] (ability to do or act) power,
ability, faculty
© mental power, vigor, vitality
а йь A noryoku ability, capacity, faculty
зЙА jitsuryoku real ability [power], capability,
competence
®WA rikairyoku comprehensive faculty,
power to understand
WgA senryoku war potentials, fighting power
^A gakuryoku scholarship, scholastic ability
ЙА miryoku charm, glamour, appeal
Si A koryoku effect, efficacy; effect (as of a
law), validity
3¥A danryoku elasticity, spring
A kyokuryoku to the utmost, to the best
of one's power
b Ж A kiryoku energy, spirit, vitality, pluck,
guts
& A nenriki will power; psychokinesis
A katsuryoku vital power [force], vitality,
energy
00 efforts, endeavors
© assistance, help
2114
800
3-1
а doryoku endeavor, effort, exertion
Л Ж < shiryoku о tsukusu make
frantic efforts
5ЁЛ dokuryoku one's own efforts
Ь	kyoryoku suru cooperate, collabo-
rate, work together
IINDEPENDENTl
[rikimu Л t?] strain (oneself); swagger, brag
Л/иТЙ’ЙГ-Ь rikinde miseru show a bold
front
[KUN]
[chikara Л]
O0 muscular strength, power, force
© (physical) force; power, energy
0 (power in general) power, authority, influ-
ence, force, emphasis
аЛЙ'Ё chikaramochi man of great strength,
muscleman
chikara ippai with full force, with all
one's might
Л < T5 chikarazuku de by force, by sheer
strength
chikarazuyoi powerful, vigorous, re-
assuring
chikarashigoto heavy work
ЖЙЛ bakajikara great physical power,
animal strength
ьЛ®® chikara no ba field offeree
сЛЯЙ chikara-kankei power relationship
©0 (ability to perform) power, ability, faculty;
proficiency
© vigor, spirit, energy
а ЛВЙ1/ chikaradameshi test of one's ability
[strength]
ЙЙ sokojikara latent power
0 Л gogaku no chikara one's linguis-
tic ability
b	chikarazukeru encourage, cheer
up, support
chikaraotoshi disappointment,
sorrow, grief
© efforts, endeavors
Л *3" chikara о tsukusu make efforts,
exert oneself

incorrect stroke-count
=>see И4-3-4 at 2137
4-2-4
4-2-4
incorrect classification
=>see  4-2-2 at 2109
2115
4-3-1
► DOWN
KA GE shita1 shita2 shimo moto
sa(geru) sa(garu) kuda(ru)
kuda(ri) kuda(su) -kuda(su)
kuda(saru) o(rosu) o(riru)
Joyo-1	S3-1-2	K1828
A0097	03378	U4E0B
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also suffix] down, under, below; lower
part
© [also prefix] (in a lower position) lower, un-
der-, sub-
fl "PSI kasen underline
"PfE0 kaki no following, undermentioned
_L"P joge upper and lower parts [sides], high
and low; going up and down, rise and
fall; first and second volumes
Й1Т chika underground
-b toka suru throw down, drop, air-
drop; invest
ШПР roka corridor, gallery, passage
j£A~P ika or less than, not more than, under;
and downward; the following
hydtenka below the freezing point
b "PSt karyu downstream, lower reaches of a
stream
"PnE kabu lower part
"Pfx gedan lowest step; lower berth
"Pit geta geta, wooden clogs
"Р^РЖ' kahanshin lower half of one's body
kaishiki subconsciousness
©0 of low rank, inferior
© of low grade, low-class, humble
0 persons of low rank, juniors, inferiors, the
people
a "Tfi kai lower rank [grade], subordinate
position
"Р1Й kain Lower House
"PJS какуй lower grade [class]
b ~P^?Z£ kato na low, lower, inferior, mean
"РШ geshuku lodging, boarding house

801
2115
И З’1
/I  т--------------------------------------------
Г ZK gesui sewerage, drainage; foul water
~FnnZ£ gehinna vulgar; low; mean; dirty
cT^ genan male servant, manservant
HF ~F^j££ geretsuna base, mean, vulgar
zp	T JnL Jt gekokujd the lower dominating the
p	upper
buka subordinate
© [also suffix] (subject to the influence of) under
П (the rule of), in a state of
®”F0 gankano under one's eyes
X fl*~FT tokade by lamplight
W~F0 капка no under the jurisdiction of
^7 jn ~FO chika no under the rule of
□	joka castle town, capital of a daimyo's
fief
ЖТ кепка throughout the prefecture
77	@~F mokka now, at present
75 WgIHFF senjika in times of war
я O0 (proceed to or as if to a lower place) go down,
* descend, drop, sink
0 get down from (a horse or vehicle),
dismount, alight
0 (cause to go down) bring down, lower
a	kakosuru descend, go down;
subside
~F ill^“<5 gezan suru descend a mountain;
leave a temple
^"F'lF%> rakka suru fall, drop, descend
{£~FТЪ teika suru fall, sink, lower, go
down
папка suru go down south
b И'Ж'Тgeshasuru alight, get off
TH geba dismounting
с	kyakkasuru reject, dismiss, turn
down
0 give to an inferior, grant
"Fill kashi imperial grant
0 last (in a series of two or three)
T"Q gejun last ten days of a month
Tgekan second [third] volume
0 diarrhea
ТЙО geri diarrhea
IINDEPENDENTl
[ge TJ low class, inferiority
T©T ge no ge the lowest of its kind
[KUN|
[shita1 TJ
O0 [in the form of T shita + particle] DOWN,
under, below, underneath
0 lower part, bottom, foot
0 down stairs
a T0 shitano under, lower
M~F mashita ni just under, directly below
¥ft~F kutsushita socks, stockings
M 0 T	tsukue no shita ni under the desk
b fiOT saka no shita ni at the foot of a
slope
c ”F0nK!i shita no heya downstairs room
0 (of lower rank, grade or degree) lower, under,
below, inferior, younger
TH shitamawaru be less than, fall below
T>kshitabininaru burn low; de-
cline
Tshitate humble position
teshita subordinate, underling
toshishitano younger, junior
E T meshita one's inferiors [subordinates]
[shita2 T]
О [in compounds]
0 lower, under-
0 of lower rank or degree, inferior
a ТВ shitakuchibiru lower lip
T< shitagi underwear
T'L? shitagokoro underlying motive, secret
intention
ьТЙ shitane lower price
shitauke subcontract
0 [also prefix] preliminary
TPJ^ shitashirabe preliminary examina-
tion [inquiry], preparation
TSc^ shitagaki draft (of a manuscript)
Й7Т hanshita camera-ready copy, mechani-
cal; block copy
[shimo TJ
00 lower part, bottom, foot
0 lower stream
a T shimo ni below, down, downward
b ST kazashimo leeward, lee side
J11T kawashimo lower part of a river
0 [also prefix] last (in a series of two or three)
T0T shimo no ku second half of a tanka
poem
ТТЙЯ shimohanki second half of the year
T^fiT shimofutaketa last two figures of a
2115
802
3-1
number
[moto T]
О lower part, bottom
TOTl^ kino motoni under a tree
0 [in the form of T13 moto ni] (subject to the
influence of) under (the supervision of)
TT UT У 0 fia t?OT	naporeon no
shiki no moto ni under the command of
Napoleon
—Ji ©T t ichigeki no moto ni by a single
blow
[sageru ТИ<5]
O0 (move downward) lower, bring down, drop
© (lower the level of) lower (the price), bring
DOWN, CUt
0 reduce to lower rank, demote
a 8$:Ttf § atama о sageru bow one's
head
•ffl V T horisageru dig down; investi-
gate, probe, delve into
ь JjiT W nesage reduction in price
c	hikisageru lower, reduce, put
back; pull down
t#TW kakusage degradation
0 hang (down), suspend
4oTH osage hair hanging down the back,
pigtail
burasageru hang, suspend,
dangle
[sagaru Тй^]
OO come down, go down
© hang down, dangle, sag
а ffit$C0?ltT^T^'<b Kanojono
kutsushita ga sagaru Her socks slip
down
t>HtlT/^<b taresagaru hang, dangle
Л\£>ТЙ^5 burasagaru hang down, dangle
00 (decline in level or intensity) go down, fall,
drop, decline
© (decline in rank, status or quality) sink down
(to a lower level), drop, be degraded, de-
cline, deteriorate
a±#WT#W agarisagari rise and fall, ups
and downs, fluctuations
at»T$W sagari lowering; sagging; decline,fall
HlTtfW nesagari fall in price, depreciation
of price
© withdraw, leave
osagari clothes handed down,
hand-me-downs; withdrawn offering
0 elapse, pass
HT7^ 0 hirusagari early afternoon
[kudaru T<5]
0 go down, descend, step down from; go
downstream
© go down or away from a central place (as
the capital)
a Ji T Ъ oka о kudaru go down a hill
J11 £T Ъ kawa о kudaru descend a river
(iT'S kakekudaru run down
b Л/РН ^T	kyushu e kudaru go down to
Kyushu
!f(CT<5 ya ni kudaru leave the govern-
ment service
[kudari TO]
О [also prefix] DOWNhill, descend, going down
ТОЙ kudarizaka downward path; decline,
ebb
© going DOWN (away from the capital, esp.
Tokyo), outbound
T 0 kudarisen down line (away from To-
kyo)
[kudasu TTJ
О bring down, lower
TT kurai о kudasu lower in rank, de-
grade
ЙТТ mikudasu look down upon, think
lightly of
00 give to an inferior, grant, bestow
© give a command, issue orders
а ЙОТ Z) '/ztyj kamino
kudashitamdta mono heavenly gift,
godsend
b ifl Ж 0 Ф tj* TT shingun no meirei о
kudasu give a marching order
© pass (judgment), hand down (a decision)
Bra TT ketsuron о kudasu draw a con-
clusion
[-kudasu -TT J perform an action smoothly
Hr cf TT kakikudasu write down; translit-
erate [read] classical Chinese (into Japa-
nese)
[kudasaru T$<5]
0 [honorific] give, confer (to the speaker or
speaker's group)

803
2115
И31
л -----------------------------------------------
© [following the TE-form of verbs] perform an action
for the benefit of the speaker: favor with, oblige,
do (a courtesy)
X a Xtl (С X $ H Sore о watashi ni
zp	kudasai Give it to me
Sono hito wa shinsetsu ni michi о
X	oshiete kudasatta The man kindly told
□	me the way
XXSX L'T’X^'SX okokoroyasuku
.	shite kudasaru kata gentleman who
favors me with friendship
[orosu X^5X] bring down, take down, let
X down, lower, pull down
£ Ш V X^SX furiorosu swing downward
X ШХ "5 L yukioroshi removing snow from
the roof of a house
-rr X— Ь XX ^5X boto о orosu lower a boat
XX -5X ne о orosu take root
2L [oriru X0&] (move downward) go down,
come down(stairs), descend (from a moun-
tain)
IE WX 0 *6 kakeoriru run down
X X X 0 'b saka о oriru go down a slope,
go downhill
ЖЛ*Х V Ъ Маки да oriru The curtain falls
ISPECIAL READINGS]
XXZi hetana unskillful, unskilled, poor,
clumsy
IHOMOPHONESI
moto
7C ORIGIN =>1226
X BASIS =>2183
S BASE =>1716
If PERMIT =><8)1470
Ж ELEMENT =>1590
sageru 11 present =>0431
kudaru К descend =>®458
kudasu й DESCEND =>®458
orosu
[W DESCEND =>0335
fl! WHOLESALE =>0971
oriru IW DESCEND =>0335
2116
4-3-1
► DRY
KAN ho(su) ho(shi)- -bo(shi)
hi(ru)
	Jdyd-6	S3-3-0	K2019
51	C1355	03379	U5E72
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
OO dry, dry up, desiccate
© (of tides) ebb, recede
О drought, DRY weather
а XffiX-S kantakusuru reclaim by drainage
XjH kangyo dried fish
b ХЙЯ kanchd ebb tide
ХЙ kanman ebb and flow, tide
с ХШ kangai drought damage
XX kanten drought, dry weather
0 concern oneself in, interfere, intervene
X?^X^> kanshosuru interfere, intervene
© somewhat, a little
^X jakkan a number of, some, a little
[RUnI
[ hosu XX] vt dry (up), desiccate, air
(clothes)
XL 4^ hoshimono clothes for drying
4ЙХ L monohoshi clotheshorse, dothes-
drier
НХЬЮ hiboshino sun-dried
[hoshi- XL-][alsoprefix]dried
X L Ж hoshikusa hay, dry grass
XLX hoshigaki dried persimmons
[-boshi -XL] [also suffix]
О sunning, DRYing, airing
фЖХ L koraboshi basking in the sun
ifflXL doydboshi summer airing
0 dried food
ШХ L umeboshi pickled ume
[hiru X-6]v/
0 get dry, parch
ХЖ hiuo (=hoshizakana) dried fish
Xl®xL^X) hikarabiru dry up completely
XX XX hiagaru dry up, parch; ebb away
0 (of tides) ebb, recede
ЙЯХ<ЙР 0 shiohigari shell gathering (at low
2116
804
3-1
tide)
IHOMQPHONESI
hosu DRY =>®1679
hiru DRY =><8)1679
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with X THOUSAND =>2132
► ONESELF
KO ki onore
2117
4-3-1
E	Jdyd-6	S3-3-0	K2442
49	C1080	®3380	U5DF1
ICOMPOUNDSl
• ONESELF, self
fl Й jiko oneself, self, ego
rikoshugi egoism
kokki self-denial, self-control
ЯЕ chiki acquaintance; intimate friend
[KUN]
[onore BJ myself
onoreosuteru rise above one-
self
[note]
★do not confuse with В =><8>3377and В THE
serpent =>2124
*
2118
4-3-1
► MANUFACTURE
► CONSTRUCTION
KO KU Щ takumi
Jdyd-2	S3-3-0	K2509
A0205	03381	U5DE5
~ XX
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (make by tools or machinery) manufacture,
process, fabricate, construct
XfFX'S kosakusuru make; construct,
build; maneuver, scheme
kojo (=kdba) factory, plant, workshop
1Д код и tool, implement
IS kogei technical art, technology
X^X кодаки engineering
Х^ХдВ kogakubu department of engineer-
ing
ХЖ kogyd industry, manufacturing industry
IM koin industrial worker
JDX kako processing, manufacturing
© abbrev. of ХЖ kdgyd: manufacturing indus-
try
ЙХ shoko commerce and industry
Si juko heavy industry
© construction, building, engineering
project
ХЖ koji construction
ХЖ kdmu engineering
XJt kohi cost of construction
JtEXXЪ seko (=shikd) suru execute (a
building contract), carry out
Й1гХХ<5 chakkbsuru start (construction)
work
©0 [also suffix] workman, worker, artisan,
craftsman, mechanic
© workmanship, craftsmanship, work
a UK kojin workman, craftsman
ЙХ shokkd workman, mechanic, (factory)
hand
XX daiku carpenter
'ВX ishiku (=sekkd) stonemason, mason
FPBlJX insatsukb printer
,?A^SX jukurenko skilled workman, master
mechanic
b ЙЗХ saiku work, craftsmanship; artifice,
tactics
© used phonetically for ku or gu
XX kufu device, contrivance; scheme, re-
sources
X®T<5 kumensuru contrive, manage,
make shift; raise (money)
X o' guai condition, state; health; manner,
way

2119
 4-3-1
► MOUTH
KO KU kuchi
□	Joyo-1	S3-3-0	K2493
30	A0301	03382	U53E3
805
2117-2119
чг (H-H-nJH □ ПГ^&^ПЗН-’КЙК]
И3"1
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] (oral cavity) mouth
□ йхх кдкй (=кдкд) mouth, oral cavity
□ Л kbnai in the mouth
□ Й kokaku corners of one's mouth
□ (7) keiko no oral
heiko suru be dumfounded
[stumped], be silenced
0 [also suffix] (mouthlike opening) mouth, open-
ing, hole, aperture
□	S kokei caliber, bore; diameter
НП kako river mouth, estuary
АП kakd crater
□	jukb muzzle (of a rifle)
ЙЁЖ □ haikiko exhaust port
□ toppako breach, breakthrough
©0 give mouth to, mouth, speak, talk
© (expression in words) mouth, speech
a Elpffl kdron argument
□	tn kogo colloquial language
□	kdgaisuru tell, divulge
□	kojitsu excuse, pretext, pretense
□	Dr] kuchb tone, expression
□	1Й < kudoku persuade; seduce
□	Ж kojutsu oral statement, dictation
bMD akko (=warukuchi) slander,abuse,foul
language
ikudoon ni with one voice,
unanimously
?lj □ Z£ rikd na clever, bright, sharp, shrewd
0 number of persons (mouths to feed)
ЛП jinko population
P □ koko houses and inhabitants, popula-
tion
[KUN]
[kuchi □]
О О (oral cavity) mouth
© counter for MOUTHfuls
а	kuchi no chiisai small mouthed
□ 7C kuchimoto mouth, shape of the mouth
□ kuchibeni lipstick, rouge
□ A kuchisaki lips, mouth; lip service
b — □ it^<5 hitokuchi taberu eat a mouth-
ful
00 (mouthlike opening) mouth (as of a recep-
tacle or river), opening, hole
© [also suffix] entrance, exit, entranceway,
doorway, gateway, door
а □ kyusu no kuchi spout of a teapot
b □ kuchigane metal clasp, snap; metal cap
□ madoguchi window, wicket; clerk at a
window
ГН □ maguchi frontage, front; width
A 0 □ iriguchi entrance
Ж □ nishiguchi westside entrance [exit]
hijoguchi emergency exit
dfc'I'L □ kaisatsuguchi ticket barrier [gate],
wicket
0 (expression in words) mouth, tongue, speech,
talk, words
□	V kuchi ga umai honeymouthed,
fair-spoken
□	Ж'Т kuchiо dasu butt [chip] in
□	□ (3 kuchiguchi ni individually, severally;
unanimously
□	kuchiguse way [habit] of saying, one's
favorite phrase
□	PeTW* kuchigenka quarrel
□	Цх Ъ kuchigomoru mumble, be stuck
for a word, stammer
□	О X5 V kuchisaki no umai smooth-
tongued; fair-spoken
□	Ж %) kuchidashi suru butt in, inter-
fere
□	kuchikazu number of dependents;
speech, words; number of shares
□	kuchigotae back talk
□ mudaguchi idle talk
I® □ mukuchi taciturnity, reticence
0 (place from which an ascent to a mountain is
made) route, ascent
Sill □ tozanguchi place where an ascent to
a mountain is made
2120		Joyo-2	S3-3-0	K2161
4-3-1	57	D1637	@3383	U5F13
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] bow
^7 Ж kyudo archery
2120
806
3-1
kyOjono bow-shaped, arched
kyujutsu archery
удкуй Western archery
[KUN]
[yumi ] bow; archery; bow (of a violin)
yumiya bow and arrow
yumizuru (=yuzuru) bowstring
yuminari arch, curve
О	yumitorishiki conferment of the
championship bow (in sumo)
2121
4-3-1
► OF LONG DURATION
KYU KU hisa(shii) Ц] hisa hisashi
haru
Joyo-5	S3-1-2	K2155
B0594	03384	U4E45
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
• of LONG DURATION, longstanding, lasting
for a long time
kuon eternity
eikyuno permanent, eternal, lasting
кдкуй no lasting, everlasting, perma-
nent, eternal
taikyusei durability, persistence, last-
ing quality
уйкуй na eternal, everlasting, per-
manent
[KUN]
[hisashii LV(of long duration) long,
longstanding
L И вГ hisashii mukashi a long time ago
W hisabisa ni after a long time, for the
first time in a long period
SW	hisashiburi ni after a long time
[interval]
2122
4-3-1
► REACH TO
KYO oyo(bu) oyo(bi) oyobi
oyo(bosu) [Ц oi
)	Joyo	S3-1-2	K2158
4Л	B0673	©3385	U53CA
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl

0 [original meaning] (go as far as or arrive at a goal)
reach to, come up to (a standard), attain
(successful results)
0 (extend as far as) reach to, extend over,
range over
a	kyudaisuru pass an examination
RS? kyuraku passing or failing an examina-
tion
tsuikyusuru pursue, seek after,
follow, press (a person) hard
ifeRT%) kikyu suru try to attain
(something)
b R fukyu diffusion, spread, propagation
$£RT<b hakyusuru be propagated; extend,
spread; affect
[KUN]
[oyobu R(go as far as or arrive at a goal)
reach to, come up to, amount to
R suhyakuman ni oyobu
reach [range] into the millions
[oyobi Rt5, R] and, as well as
taiyo oyobi chikyu the sun
and the earth
[oyobosu R(ST] exert (influence upon),
cause (harm), extend (benefits)
W R gai о oyobosu cause harm (to)
2123
4-3-1
► EVENING
SEKI yu 1] yu
37	Joyo-1	S3-3-0	K4528
36	B0985	03387	U5915
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] evening, dusk, night
konseki this evening, tonight
—37 itchd-issekini in one day, in a
short time
HR tanseki morning and evening, day and
night
ОП7
3-1

[уй 37] EVENING, dusk
37 yube evening
З7^ yugata evening
yuyami dusk, twilight
yugure evening, twilight
37 H yuhi setting sun
37 yushoku supper
37 TU уйкап evening edition [paper]
ISPECIAL READINGS]
"ЬЗ7 tanabata Festival of the Weaver [Star
Vega]; the Star Festival
2124
4-3-1
► THE SERPENT
SHI mi
в	Names	S3-3-0	K4406
49	D1840	03388	U5DF3
[kun]
[mi E] sixth sign ofthe Oriental zodiac:the
SERPENT
Й] E hatsumi first Serpent day ofthe year
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with E =>®3377 and E
ONESELF =>2117
2125
4-3-1
► CHILD
► NOUN SUFFIX
SHI SU ко -ко -(k)ko [§ tane
Joyo-1	S3-3-0	K2750
A0054	03390	U5B50
Л1.Е
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (offspring of man) child,
son, daughter, offspring
0 boy, young man
a E& shijo children, sons and daughters
EM shisoku son
Eia shiin (=shion) consonant ("child sound")
§E boshi mother and child
S6E yoshi foster [adopted] child
b EE taishi Crown Prince
danshi boy, young man, man
^BE deshi disciple, pupil, apprentice
0 (term of respect for men) gentleman, man of
learning—sometimes used as familiar second
person pronoun
kunshi man of virtue, wise man
Й£Е yushi wanderer, traveler
© suffix after nouns, esp. names of small
objects:
0 various articles and fixtures, esp. furni-
ture
© small entities such as particles, esp. nu-
clear particles
0 various abstract concepts
а 1ШЕ shoji paper sliding-door, shoji
^}XE isu chair
ЖЕ kashi confectionery, cake, sweets
HE boshi cap, hat
b ЙЕ ryushi particle, grain
ЖЕ genshi atom
10E denshi electron
iBSE idenshi gene
shdshi crystallite
c #E kosshi essence, gist
ийЕ choshi tone, tune; key, note; condition,
state (of health); manner, way
ШЕ yosu situation, aspect, circumstances;
appearance, looks; sign, indication
0 ("offspring" of money) interest
ЭДЕ rishi interest
[KUN]
[ko E]
offspring of humans or animals:
0 child, son, daughter
0 offspring, youngling; puppy; cub; roe
0 (boy or girl) child, kid, youngster
a kodomo child, kid; son, daughter
HE oyako (=shinshi) parent and child
ME musuko son
b koinu puppy
c <Z)E otoko no ko boy, baby boy
Й§Е maigo lost child
[-ko -E,-kko -of]
О [also suffix] [also -kko] child, kid, boy, girl
ЖЕ mamako stepchild
ЖЙс о E itazurakko mischievous kid
© [also -kko] person, performer of an action
2124-2125
808
3-2
тБ 0 “F* uriko shopgirl, sales clerk
Й1± odoriko dancer, dancing girl
urekko-kashu popular singer
0 [also -kko] noun forming suffix, esp. for
small objects
tSW “F furiko pendulum
3E“F tamago egg
®O~F nekko root; stump, stub
hashigo ladder
0 element for forming female names
keiko Keiko
Jft“F noriko Noriko
[SPECIAL READINGS]
gyoza dumplings (stuffed with meat
and vegetables)
t&x“FAne/7 screw
IHOMOPHONESI
ko
CHILD =>1617
&Й DAUGHTER =>®406
ffX =>®33
Th SMALL =>0002
-ko CHILD =>®2546
tamago
EGG =>0567
±± =>2166,2125
1—»	incorrect classification / J	=>see ПЗ-2-1: A at 1865 4-3-1 J К	incorrect classification/ / -J	stroke-count 4-3-1	=>see 03-1-1: ~b at 1858								
-1 I	incorrect classification У-J	=>see □ 3-1-2: “] at 1860 4-3-1								
				► DECEASE BO MO na(i) na(ki)-				
	>126 14-3-2			8		Jdyo-6	S3-2-1	K4320
						B0769	03402	U4EA1
	1	-J— 2	1_ 3					
ICOMPOUNDSl
О decease, die, pass away, perish
tS borei departed spirit, ghost
shibosuru die
St sonbo destiny; life or death
mibdjin widow, widowed lady
0 [original meaning] (become destroyed) perish,
go to ruin, cease to exist
tH bdkoku ruined country, national ruin
Ъ metsubosuru go to ruin, fall
Mt suibo ruin, fall, collapse
0 flee, escape
tf»fr bomei exile
i^t tobo escape, abscondence, desertion
[kun]
[nai tt] not in this world, dead
t < t nakusu lose (a parent), be bereft of
t nakunaru die, pass away, breathe
one's last
[naki- 11] DECEASEd, the late
t gT A nakihito the deceased
11 fit nakihaha dead mother
t®x nakigara remains, corpse, body
IHOMOPHONESI
nai without =>1351
nakusu without =>1351
nakunaru without =>1351
[ E £ H- к H П- ]
► SOIL
DO TO tsuchi Ц] hiji ha hani
2127
4-3-2
±	Joyo-1	S3-3-0	K3758
32	A0341	©3403	U571F
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] [original meaning] soil, earth,
mud, sand, clay
0 earthen
a ±0^ dosha earth and sand
±Ш dojo soil, earth
±^ dohyd sumo (wrestling) ring; sandbag
±*& dodai foundation, base, basis; utterly
± A doboku engineering works
±0'1® 0 doshaburi pouring rain,
809
2126-2127
3-2
[Е’Й;Н"ИгН'ГИ
downpour
ztt® Ш dotanba the last moment
dosokude with one's shoes on
zt?- dote bank, embankment
ztfs] doma earth floor, dirt floor; pit
felt nendo clay
Jflzt kddo arable soil
T)]/^J U arukaridorui alkaline earths
b ztiHr doki earthenware
ttffi dobin earthen teapot, pipkin
ztffl doyo midsummer
00 land, ground, territory, country
© ofthe land, local, native
a tochi land
Ш± kokudo country, territory, realm
nMzt ryodo territory, domain
$zt hondo mainland; the country proper
®dt fudo natural features (of a region), cli-
mate
i kyddo one's birthplace
b zt{§ dozoku local customs
ztWK dochakumin natives, aborigines
О Saturday
0) doyo(bi) Saturday
± 0 donichi Saturday and Sunday, weekend
IINDEPENDENTl
[do ±] Saturday
[KUN]
[tsuchi ±] soil, earth, mud, clay; ground
ztfi tsuchiiro earth color
ihli tsuchikabe mud wall
ЯЕ AZti koeta tsuchi rich [fertile] soil
4® ty ± moritsuchi earth pile
ISPECIAL READINGS]
A St miyage souvenir
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with ± military man =>2129
2128
4-3-2
► UP
JO SHO ue -ue uwa- kami
a(geru) -a(geru) a(garu) -a(garu)
a(gari) -a(gari) nobo(ru) nobo(ri)
nobo(seru) nobo(su) Щ age kado
Joyb-1	S3-1-2	K3069
A0029	®3404	U4E0A
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 upper part, top; up, above
0 [also prefix] upper, higher, outer
0 [also suffix] on top of, over; on, at; aboard
a joge upper and lower parts [sides], high
and low; going up and down, rise and
fall; first and second volumes
Ж-Ь chojo summit, peak, top; dimax
H_h okujo housetop, roof
b _t nE jobu upper part [section], top; surface
AS joku skies, upper air
AlB0 jbkino above-mentioned
joryu upper stream (of a river); upper
class
AS johi outer skin, epidermis
АФШ jokanpan upper deck
ААЛ' johanshin upper part ofthe body
ЙАА ijo or more than, not less than; beyond;
the above-mentioned; now that; that's
all
c I® A rikujo land, ground; shore; track and
field
#8A0 kaijono maritime
ffiAT shijo de on paper, in print; by letter
hatten-tojokoku developing
countries
ЙAT sekijo de at the meeting; on the oc-
casion
Й£|сА0 chikydjono on the earth
00 (of higher rank or position) upper, higher,
superior, advanced
0 [also prefix] of upper grade, top-quality,
first-class, excellent, best, good
a joi higher rank, precedence
A?S jokyd higher grade, advanced class,
high class
AW jokan higher officer, senior
-ЫЙ join Upper House
АЛ shonin Buddhist saint
b AzK josui water supply; tap water
ASA jozuna skilled, dexterous, good at
A^0 jotono first-class, superior
AS! josei superior make; superior (book)
binding
АЙ jdhaku first-class rice; first-class sugar
AAA jodeki good performance, master
2128
810
3-2
stroke
±^Ж jbtenki fine weather, splendid
weather
0 proceed upward:
0 (proceed to or as if to a higher place) go up,
rise, ascend; board, get on
© go up [proceed] to the capital
О go UP in value or quality, rise, advance,
make progress
0 (cause to move upward) raise
a ±й-±3 joshosuru ascend, rise
±I^T3 jorikusuru land, disembark
±ЮЪ josen suru embark
?¥±T%) fujosuru surface, rise [float] to the
surface
j$|x±±3 sojosuru go upstream; retroact,
retrospect
±±±hokujosuru go up north
b ±Ж±3 jokyosuru go to Tokyo
с ±jli'±3 jotatsusuru make progress, attain
proficiency
|R]± kojo elevation, improvement, progress
d ±®j£ jotoshiki ceremony of raising the
ridgepole
0 [also suffix] from the viewpoint of, -ly, by
reasons of
±± shijo historically, from the historical
point of view
± shinjo one's history; one's merit
#± shinsho fortune, property
Ж^± jijitsujo actually, asa matter of fact
{МЖ± bengijo for convenience' sake
00 present something before a superior or
higher authority; perform an action for a
superior
0 present for consideration, introduce; take
UP, deal with
0 present before the public, exhibit, make
public
a ±^Й jond payment (to the authorities)
Ъ jdsd suru report to the Throne
Й£±±Ъ kenjo suru present (a gift to a su-
perior)
#±TЪ sanjo suru go to see, call on, pay
one's respects
b ± Ъ jokokusuru appeal to a higher
court
±@"^"3 jdteisuru introduce on the agenda,
lay [introduce] a bill before the Diet
±-Ш±3 jdjdsuru list (stocks)
с -ЫЖ joen stage performance
±^±3 jdeisuru screen, show, project
0 first (in a series of two or three)
±^ jokan first book [volume]
±±) jojun first ten days of a month
[INDEPENDENT!
[jo ±] first class, the best
±0 jo no first, best, excellent
[KUN]
[ue ±]
O0 [in the form of ± ue + particle] up, over,
above, on
0 upside, upper part, top, summit; the
surface
a±0 ueno upward, upper, higher (than)
tll0_t©$ tsukue no ue no hon book on
the desk
b ±~F ueshita up and down, above and below
±£[n]< ueomuku lookupward
00 (of higher rank, position or grade) upper,
higher, above, better, greater, older
0 (persons of) higher rank, superiors, nobility
a _Ь0ЙЁ uenochii higher position
±0~F ueno ко the older child
1=1 ± meue one's superiors, one's seniors;
one's elders
b ±/0^ b 0 fn?'± ue kara no meirei order from
above
0 as far as...is concerned, concerning
minoue one's career, one's condition,
one's fortune
0 besides, moreover, in addition
±*0± sonoue on top of that, what is more,
moreover
[-ue -±] honorific title for addressing per-
sons of superior rank, esp. family members
S± hahaue my dear mother
[uwa- ±-]
O0 upper, top, upward
0 (of higher rank, grade or quantity) upper,
higher, better, greater
a ±W uwakuchibiru upper lip
b ±± uwate upper part; better hand, superior
±03 uwamawaru exceed, be more than
[EfSH-HH-rH
811
2128
 3-2
4-------------------------------------------------
© outer, external
_EW uwagi outer garment, coatjacket
uwabe outward appearance; exterior,
t	surface
+ [kami ±]
h OG upper part, top, head
-j-	0 upper stream
jLj a kamite upper part, upper reaches; left
j	stage
Ш b Jl[± kawakami upstream, upriver
© persons of superior rank:
0 superiors, high rank
0 government, authorities
0 Emperor, sovereign
a kamishimo superiors and inferiors
b ФР_Ь okami government, authorities; Em-
peror; wife, madam, landlady
[ageru
OG (cause to move upward) raise, elevate, lift
UP
0 (increase the level of) raise, increase, hike
G (elevate in rank) raise, promote, elevate
0 raise one's voice, shout
G (raise the quality of) improve (one's skill),
advance
а	kao о ageru raise one's face
d I gT _h Ii Ъ hikiageru draw [pull] up; pro-
mote; increase
b -bld1 age rise in price; making a tuck
neage suru raise [increase] the
price
jS-tld chin'age wage increase
с	kakuagesuru raise to higher
status, promote to a higher rank
d i Ъ кое о ageru raise one's voice
e Ж Sr _bld^5 ude о ageru improve one's skill
© give, offer, present, hand (to a superior,
equal or others, not the speaker)
® l^ Ф _tl WZl Kare ni hon о ageta I
gave him a book
© [following the TE-form of verbs] perform an
action for (the benefit of) someone, do for a
person
$ £ пТЕ	Jt Id1 ch d Hon о yonde ageyd
I'll read a book for you
0 complete, finish
shigoto о ageru finish the
work
© achieve (results), gain (profits)
Д И ЙсЖ _h	yoi seiseki о ageru
achieve satisfactory results
7Ё 0 -Lid1 uriage sales, proceeds
[-ageru
О up, upward
fvf 15 _h (d-b mochiageru raise, lift up; flatter
fT 15 Jtld1 uchiage letting off, launching;
close (of a run of performances)
Ж 0 toriageru take [pick] up; take
away, confiscate; deliver a baby; accept,
listen to; adopt (a proposal)
©G emphatic verbal suffix (as up in stir up)
Q) verbal suffix indicating completion of an
action
a W _tld% shibariageru bind [tie] up
Ж H-hld1^ kaiageru buy, buy up; bid up
b D tsukuriageru make up, build up,
complete
{±_Kd<5 shiageru finish, complete, perfect
© honorific verbal suffix
Ф L _L I'd' %) mdshiageru tell, say, speak
humbly; (have the honor to) do
[agaru ±7^-5]
OG go up, come up, rise, climb
0 go UP in price, rise, jump
а	yaneniagaru go up on the
roof
Ж S 7^P b	furo kara agaru step out
ofthe bath
b	деккуй да agaru get a raise
in salary
©0 be completed, be finished
0 come to an end, stop (raining); die, die
out
а	Zt Genko ga agatta The
manuscript is completed
b ШЬЫЬ/: Amega agatta It stopped
raining
© issue, accrue, be derived
кока да agaru take effect,
bear fruit
0 [honorific] take, have; eat, drink
*7^ У & 'S Ь Wain о meshiagare
Please help yourself to the wine
©0 come in, enter (a house), be admitted to
(a school)
0 [honorific] call on, visit
2128
812
3-2
a	agarikomu enter, come in, step
in
b	Ekimade
omukae ni agarimasu I'll go to the sta-
tion to meet you
[-agaru
О up, upward
tachiagaru stand up, rise to
one's feet; take action
§8 0 Jb7^<5 moriagaru swell, rise; upsurge;
be brought to climax
00 emphatic verbal suffix (as up in stir up)
G verbal suffix indicating completion of an
action
a	chijimiagaru cringe, wince,
flinch
b	dekiagaru be completed, be
finished
[agari
О rise, advance; ascent
neagari rise in price
0 finish, completion
shiagari finish, completion; result
[-agari 0 ] [also suffix] just after the
completion of an action
Ж (Г)ЙС ameagari no niji rainbow
after the rain
[noboru JL<6 ] go up (stairs), walk up (a hill);
go [swim] upstream
Ria lx _L kaidan о noboru go up the
stairs
Й % _tl <5 Kemuri да tachinoboru
Smoke ascends to the sky
Й2_Ь<Ь sakanoboru go upstream; go back
(to the past); retroact
[nobori ±0]
0 going UP, going upstream
0 ascent, uphill road
а _Ь 0 T V noborikudari going up and down
b _b 0 ® noborizaka ascent, upward slope
[noboseru ] bring up (a proposal for
discussion)
shininoboseru publish, bring
(a book) into the world
[nobosu _ETJ same as noboseru
1ЙИ (3 _Ь~<Г gidai ninobosu bring up for
discussion
ISPECIAL READINGS]
ЙЁA noboseru have a rush of blood to
the head, feel dizzy; get excited; run
mad after; become conceited
umai skillful, clever; splendid, excel-
lent
IHOMOPHONESI
kami yf protect =>02173
ageru
NOMINATE =>1588
Ш RAISE HIGH =>0433
age Ш raise high =>0433
agaru
NOMINATE =>1588
Ш RAISE HIGH =>0433
noboru
Й CLIMB =>1661
# ASCEND =>1565
sakanoboru
=>03257
=>1966,2128
nobori CLIMB =>1661
noboseru
=>2128
=>1966,2128
umai
15И =>0188
=>03494
=>2128,2155
__ *
2129
4-3-2
► MILITARY MAN
► PROFESSION SUFFIX
SHI Hl о mamoru koto
Joyo-4	S3-3-0	K2746
A0343	03405	U58EB
[ E H- hr H" rb J
IcompoundsI
O0 military MAN, warrior, soldier, knight;
officer
© warrior class of feudal Japan: samurai, re-
tainer
a ztW shikan officer
ztM shiki fighting spirit
heishi soldier
kishi knight
bushi samurai, warrior
813
2129
3-2
b ztK shizoku descendant of samurai
zt^ shibun status of samurai
ztjftXlS shindkosho warriors, farmers, a rti-
sans and tradesmen (the four classes of
.	Tokugawa Japan)
K+XX shijushichishi Forty-Seven Loyal
X	Retainers
± © man of learning and virtue, gentleman,
til scholar, man of good breeding
L|j XlaX shikunshi man of learning and virtue,
<	gentleman
tWX hakushi doctor, Ph.D.
?№X shinshi gentleman
^□X meishi man of distinction, big name
BX kokushi distinguished citizen; patriot
[rJX doshi fellow (as in ^XIr]X
gakuseidoshi 'fellow students')
© suffix for members of a profession, esp.
for a licensed profession
ХЙ8Х bengoshi lawyer, attorney
XX rikishi sumo wrestler
ЖХ kishi professional go [shogi] player
ISPECIAL READINGS]
t$X hakase expert, learned man; doctor,
Ph.D.
HrX ichigenkoji ready critic, one ready
to comment on any and every subject
[note]
★do not confuse with X soil =>2127
2130
4-3-2
► CLASSICAL COPULA
YA nari
L	Names	S3-1-2	K4473
5	C1164	@3406	U4E5F
INTERROGATIVE PARTICLE =><8>1283
incorrect classification
=>seeD3-2-1: U at 1867
4-3-2
2131
4-3-3
► TALENT
► AGE SUFFIX
SAI 1] toshi
	Joyo-2	S3-3-0	K2645
64	C1521	@3410	U624D
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 talent, natural ability, gift, genius
© person of talent, man of ability, capable
person
а saino talent, ability
saiki talent
ХЯ1 saichi wit and intelligence
eisai talent, genius; gifted person, tal-
ented person
shisai poetic genius
shosai business ability [talent]
b shunsai genius, person of exceptional
talent
tensai (person of) genius
shusai (person of) genius
© AGE SUFFIX
XXX junisai 12 years old
ИХ nansai how old, what age
© used phonetically for sai
'?f!X manzai comic dialogue, comic backchat,
manzai
[kun]
[nari til] classical copula equiv. to Tab-6
de aru: be
^X F4 til kin jden nari ten yen
[ya til] classical particle rhetorical or interroga-
tive particle like modern ka
C	Kore wa nanzo ya What can
this be?
[HOMOPHONES]
yo
nK EXCLAMATORY PARTICLE =>2071
► THOUSAND
SEN chi
+	Jdyd-1	S3-2-1	K3273
24	A0098	@3411	U5343
ICOMPOUNDSl
© THOUSAND
XFJ sen'en 1000 yen
2130-2132
814
3-4
Sd2 gosen 5000
IINDEPENDENTl
[sen THOUSAND
[KUN]
[chi ^FJ [in compounds] thousand
^FR chiyo a thousand years, a very long pe-
riod
=F^. chigusa various flowering plants
^F^tZ chijini in pieces
chidoriashi tottering gait
^FW Ъ chigiru tear (to pieces), tear off
chigireru be torn off, come off
[note!
★do not confuse with Ж dry =>2116
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-2-1: “f at 1864
2133
4-3-4
► BIG
► UNIVERSITY
DAI TAI 6- o(kii) d(ini) Ц] hiroshi
hiro futoshi masaru takashi hajime
yutaka
*	Jdyd-1	S3-3-0	K3471
37	A0005	®3416	U5927
О [also prefix] (great in size, extent or quantity) big,
large, great, major, grand, vast, numerous
dkd4 daisho large and small; size; long and
short swords
taikai mass meeting, rally; meet, tour-
nament
dkUtt tairiku continent
taishu the masses, populace
Л1 tairyo large quantity, great volume,
mass
daikibo large scale
taikin large sum of money
taisho Taisho era
kakudaisuru magnify, enlarge,
expand
saidaino biggest, largest, greatest
kyodaina huge, gigantic, enormous
bakudaina vast, immense,enor-
mous
© [also prefix] (of great intensity or degree) big,
great, extreme, intense, severe, loud
taihenna awful,terrible;serious,
grave
taibyd serious illness, dangerous disease
taisetsuna important, weighty; valu-
able
daijobu safe, sure, all right
daijishin big earthquake
daikangei warm welcome
taiso very, greatly, highly, very much
daikiraida hate, detest
cS/z daisuki da like very much, be very
fond of
dkWc taisen world war; great war
©0 (characterized by greatness) big, great,
grand, important, chief, prominent, excel-
lent
© BiG-hearted, generous, kindly
а taishi ambassador
daitdryd president
daijin minister (of state)
daigaku university, college
daigakusei university student; un-
dergraduate
taikoku world power, great country;
large country
daiji great thing, serious affair; impor-
tance
taika great master, authority
daizentei major premise
idaina great, mighty, grand
judaina important, serious, grave
b kandaina generous, magnanimous,
lenient
00 abbrev. of daigaku: university,
college
© suffix after names of universities
а daisotsu university graduate
joshidaisei female university stu-
dent
tandai junior college
b	— FЛ okkusufddodai
Oxford University
Ж^ч todai Tokyo University
© in substance, on the whole, in general, for

815
2133
 3-4
4-------------------------------------------------
the most part
АЖ taii substance, gist, general outline
’ AM taigai generally, mostly; probably,
A maybe
Al? taisei general trend [tendency]
Aft daitai outline, substance; generally,
roughly, on the whole
А18 taitei generally, mostly, for the most
A part
A^ taihan the greater part, majority
А A daibubun most, greater part; mostly,
,	for the most part
7"	daibu (=daibun)	very, greatly, consid-
A	erably
A A^S daitasQ majority, greater part
til [INDEPENDENT!
[dai Al BiGness, largeness; large size, large
jK fa Ф A A’faЪ Dai wa sho о kaneru The
greater serves for the lesser
tf—J1/0 A birunodai large beer
[taishita A LA] enormous, great, grand
[taishite	(not) very, greatly
[KUN]
[d- A-] [also prefix]
O0 (of considerable extent or intensity) big, large,
great, extreme, severe
© grand, great, BIG, magnificent
0 many, much
a bgata large size
A^ bte major companies
АЖ gFA disogide in a great [urgent] hurry,
against time
A/К bmizu flood, inundation
A® dyuki heavy snow
Afefa bhabani sharply, by a large margin
АЙ0 dmori large helping [serving]
b А Ж 1=1 dkurashd Ministry of Finance
А4Й omono great man, big shot
АЖ дуа owner, proprietor, landlord
c	dzeino great number of, multitude
of
© main, chief, representative
ABtf) dzume finale, end
АЙГ H dmisoka last day of the year, De-
cember 31
© more or less
A® dkata almost, nearly; probably
dmaka na rough, general, broad
A®J dsuji outline
A^tlEA dzappana rough, broad, sketchy
[dkii V ^] BIG, large, extensive; massive,
enormous; great, grand
A^A dkina noun adjective form of okii A
Ac^cS dkisa size, dimensions
[dini jfc V *fa] very, greatly, highly, exceed-
ingly
AHfalU< diniyorokobu be highly
pleased
ISPECIAL READINGS]
A A otona adult
А А 1/ИА otonashii gentle, meek
А?П yamato Yamato (old name for Japan)
► ROUND
GAN maru1 maru2 maru(i)
maru(meru)
Joyo-2	S3-1-2	K2061
B0565	03417	U4E38
4-3-4
1	2	3
IcompoundsI
0 round body, pellet, ball
© round projectile, ball
а Л Ж gan'yaku pill
—A L А Э ichigan to natte in a body
[lump]
b hogan cannon ball
A dangan shot, bullet, shell
ISA jugan bullet
[KUN]
[maru1 A]
O0 round or spherical shape
© circle
a 0 0 A hinomaru Rising Sun Flag
© wholeness, completeness
A®fiF maru no mama whole, in its en-
tirety
AT maru de just like; completely, perfectly
© check mark for correct answers (similar to
z)
AAfafa-Ь maruotsukeru mark a correct
2134
816
3-4
answer with a circle
О small circle corresponding to a period in a
sentence
[maru2 AJ
О [in compounds] round, circular, spherical
Affi marugao round face, moon face
marumaru to futotta plump,
rotund, chubby
0 [also prefix] complete(ly), total(ly), perfect(ly)
А о cf 0 marukkiri just like; completely,
perfectly
AISTH" marumdke clear profit
[marui AH]
0 (shaped like a ball) round, spherical
0 (shaped like a circle) round, circular
a A<^ таги mi roundness
ЯДОАН sega marui round-backed
b A < Zio maruku natte in a circle [ring]
[marumeru АФ'б] round, make round,
roll up
®^гАЙ>& yuki о marumeru make a
snowball
marumekomu cajole, coax, whee-
dle
IHOMOPHONESI
таги1
FJ CIRCLE =>1875
Ox =>®3342
marui El CIRCLE =>1875
2135
4-3-4
► WOMAN
JO NYO NYO onna me
	Joyo-1	S3-3-0	K2987
38	A0176	03418	U5973
2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix and suffix]
0 [original meaning] woman, female
0 girl, maiden
a Att josei woman, female; feminine gender
joseiteki feminine, womanly
joshi woman, girl
joyd actress
jod(=jdd) queen; belle, mistress
nyonin woman
nyobo wife; court lady
АФ jochu maidservant, maid
kanojo she; one's sweetheart
Hz A danjo men and women, both sexes
shudojo nun, sister
ь joseito schoolgirl, girl student
(P'tC shojo girl
Й1A shojo virgin, maiden
Sc AH. shokujosei Vega
0 daughter—used esp. to indicate order of birth
dikA chojo eldest daughter
[KUN]
[onna A] [also prefix] woman, lady, female;
girl; mistress
A^E onna no ko girl, daughter
Ъ LH onnarashii womanly, ladylike;
feminine
АШ$?в£ onna-kabuki girls'kabuki
[me A] elegant the fair sex, woman, female
AW megami goddess
[SPECIAL READINGS]
jfi A ama woman diver
IHOMOPHONESI

me
Iftt FEMALE =>0724
ft* =>®826
2136
4-3-4
► STOUT
► STATURE
JO take [§ takeshi
—	Joyo	S3-1-2	K3070
1	C1318	©3419	U4E08
ICOMPOUNDSl
О stout, robust, strong, tough
AAA jdbuna healthy, strong, robust; stout,
solid
Ж AA kijona stouthearted, courageous
дПАА ganjona solid, firm; strong
0 stature, height
Ш A A ijofu towering [great] man; hero
AAA daijdbu safe, sure, all right
817
2135-2136
3-4
4~-------------------------------
[KUN]
[take 3t] stature, height; length, measure
takekurabe comparison of statures
setake stature, height
[ -К 4л «-Н -N НМ 4J £ ]
2137
4-3-4
► POSSESSIVE PARTICLE
SHI no kore Ц] yuki itaru
Names	S3-1-2	K3923
B0910	03420	U4E4B
|KUN|
[ПО	POSSESSIVE PARTICLE
tori no su bird's nest
[kore pronoun this
Kore wa nan desu ka What is
this?
I HOMOPHONES]
no 7b POSSESSIVE PARTICLE => 1858
kore
7E RIGHT =>1578
lttx =>®823
Ш MEDITATE =>0352
2138
4-3-4
► GIVE
YO ata(eru) Ц] yoshi
Joyo	S3-1-2	K4531
A0357	03421	U4E0E
1	7 2	-5- 3
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О give, present, grant
-b kydyosuru offer, present, submit
kyuyosuru allow, grant; pay (a sal-
ary)
juyosuru grant, give, confer
Жkiyosuru contribute, render serv-
ices to
zdyosuru donate, present
0 take part in, participate in, side with
yoto party in power
^7-if Й yoyato both parties, parties in and
out of power
yokoku ally
san'yosuru participate in, take
partin
IM-tFT<5 kan'yo suru take part in, partici-
pate in, be concerned in
[KUN]
[ataeru	give, present, grant, award;
provide (with food); cause, inflict (damage)
wakeataeru distribute, hand
out
4-3-4	incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>seeB2-1-3: at 1228
t 4-3-4	incorrect classification =>see И4-3-2 at 2126
4-3-4	incorrect classification =>see И4-3-1 at 2121
37 4-3-4	incorrect classification =>see 4-3-1 at 2123
4-3-4	incorrect classification =>see  4-3-2 at 2130
► CONDOLE
CHO tomura(u)
2139		Joyo	S4-3-1	K3604
4-4-1	57	D1906	03432	U5F14
ICOMPOUNDSl
 condole, offer one's condolences to a
bereaved person, console, mourn
^8? chop message of condolence
^7® choden telegram of condolence
chomon condolence call
choi condolence, sympathy
[KUN]
[tomurau о ] mourn, condole (with a
bereaved family); perform a memorial service,
2137-2139
818
4-1
hold a Buddhist mass
tomurai funeral service; mass for the
dead; condolence
2140	—	Names	S4-1-3	K1715
4-4-1	1	D2481	03433	U4E11
[KUN]
[ushi it] second sign of the Oriental zodiac: the
ox
ushi no koku two o'clock in the morn-
ing
ushi no toshi Year of the Ox
ib-zsOHf ushimitsudoki midnight
IHOMOPHONESI
ushi Ф CATTLE =>2151
2141
4-4-1
► NOT
FU BU
Jdyo-4	S4-1-3	K4152
A0107	03434	U4E0D
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSI
* [also prefix] not, un-, in-, non-, dis—element
of negation usu. placed before nouns or noun ad-
jectives
'FaEs fusoku insufficiency, shortage, deficit;
want; dissatisfaction
Й'Й fuan uneasiness, anxiety
^F®J0 fudono immobile
'Fift fukyd depression, slump, recession
^FjS fuun misfortune, bad luck
'F'S fuman dissatisfaction, discontent
fushigi mystery, wonder
^5^- fujin Yours sincerely
bukimina uncanny, weird, ghastly
'FSsffl bukiyo na clumsy, unskillful
buydjin insecurity; carelessness
fuhei discontent, dissatisfaction, com-
plaint
^F?lj furi disadvantage
fuini suddenly, unexpectedly
fujichaku suru make an emer-
gency landing; ditch
'FJlliZi fujunna unseasonable; irregular
fujunna impure;mixed
funenbutsu incombustibles
'F'ffi fubi defect, imperfection
Й'Й fuho unlawfulness, illegality, wrong
fuhon'i ni reluctantly, unwillingly
furyono unexpected, unforeseen;
accidental
'FSii^Zi fushinsetsu na unkind, unfriendly;
inattentive
'FSaEl fuantei instability
fukandna impossible
fukanzen imperfection, incomplete-
ness
^FSO fukigen bad mood, displeasure
''FSUJfc fukisokuna irregular
fugokaku failure, disqualification
fukoheina unfair, unjust
fushizenna unnatural, artificial
1=1 S fujiyu inconvenience; disability; pov-
erty
fujtibun insufficiency, lack
'FfiSZPfc futashikana unreliable, uncertain
Й'ЙЁМ fuchui carelessness, inattention
futokui one's weak point
fuhitsuydna unnecessary; super-
fluous
fubyodona unequal, unfair
fuka F, fail(ure); improper; inadvisable
fugorina irrational,unreasonable
fushimatsu mismanagement, irregu-
larity
^F^S fujori absurdity
'F'ffljSfc fusoona unsuited, unbecoming
futsugo inconvenience; misconduct
futomeina opaque
'FtJttlfc funarena inexperienced,unfamil-
iar
^F^Zi fuhenna unchanging, invariable;
eternal
furieki disadvantage
ISPECIAL READINGS]
mazui bad-tasting, unpalatable;
poor, clumsy; unwise, foolish

819
2140-2141
4-1

► FIVE
GO itsu itsu(tsu) Ц] i
—	Joyo-1	S4-2-2	K2462
7	A0016	03436	U4E94
—	r	7?	A
12	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] five, fifth
SUf gohyaku 500
s+eT gojuon Japanese syllabary
S^ gokan the five senses
S Js goshi the five fingers
S^ gobu half, fifty percent
SHSH gobugobu evenly matched; tie
Sfffl® gorinki five ringed Olympic flag
S @ IS gomokumeshi Japanese pilaf
5Я gogatsu May
S|® gokai fifth floor
IINDEPENDENTl
[go S] FIVE, fifth
daiya no go five of diamonds
[KUN]
[itsu S] [in compounds] five
S В itsuka five days; 5th ofthe month
5Я itsutsuki five months
[itsutsu So] FIVE
SOifi itsutsugo quintuplets
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Sietl satsukibare fine weather in early
summer [during the rainy season]
5ЯЖ samidare early summer rain
SW gokei reciprocity, mutual benefits
SU gojo mutual aid, cooperation
gokaku equality; good match
Siit gosen co-optation, mutual election
ffiS© sogono mutual, reciprocal
kogoni mutually, reciprocally, alter-
nately
|KUN]
[tagai SH] reciprocal^
SHOD tagaino mutual, reciprocal
SS tagaini mutually, reciprocally
S V iS V IZ tagaichigai ni alternately
2144
4-4-1
► CIRCULAR COMMA PATTERN
HA tomoe Ц] tomo
в	Names	S4-3-1	K3935
49	D1798	03438	U5DF4
[KUN]
[tomoe E] circular comma pattern,
eddy, whirl (®)
ЕЮ tomoegawara comma pattern tile
zzzOE mitsudomoe circular pattern of three
commas; three-sided fight
	
► KING
О -NO
2145
4-4-1
96
Joyo-1	S4-4-0	K1806
B0692	03439	U738B
ICOMPOUNDSl
* [original meaning] reciprocal, mutual, each
other
0 king, monarch, ruler, emperor
© [also suffix] (the most powerful of a group) king,
magnate, baron
a Hl osama king
ЗЯ okoku kingdom, monarchy
dza throne
zES q/7 prince
zEjfc djo Royal princess, princess
[BIS kokud king, monarch
S3E jod (=jbo) queen; belle, mistress
teid monarch, emperor
2142-2145
820
4-1 
b HEW oja king, monarch, champion
ffijzE hod Pope
?ЙЖЕЕ kaizokuo pirate king
RSlzE sekiyud oil magnate
IINDEPENDENTl
[о И king, monarch; (the most powerful of a
group) king, magnate
zE&XL'X'b ootateru enthrone a king
1=3 Ж A HE hyakujunoo king of beasts
2146
4-4-1
*SHAKU
SHAKU
p	Jdyd-6	S4-3-1	K2860
44	D1899	®3440	U5C3A
О SHAKU: unit of length equiv. to approx. 30.3
cm or 10 sun (\f*)
RSS shakkanho Japanese system of
weights and measures
RA shakuhachi bamboo flute
^R isshaku 1 shaku
© [also suffix] rule, measure, scale
R® shakudo linear measure; standard
#cfR makijaku measuring tape
BtffR keisanjaku slide rule
>	► CINNABAR
TAN niT и aka akashi nii makoto
akira
2147		Joyo	S4-1-3	K3516
4-4-1	3	C1368	®3441	U4E39
ICOMPOUNDSl
О cinnabar red, vermilion, red
botan peony, Paeonia suffruticosa
0 wholeheartedly, sincerely, devotedly
tansei efforts, pains
tannenna painstaking, assiduous,
diligent
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with R small boat =>2203
2148
► HEAVEN
TEN ame ama- Ц] takashi
	Jdyd-1	S4-3-1	K3723
37	B0513	®3442	U5929
4-4-1
O0 heaven(s), sky, celestial sphere
0 (state ofthe) weather, look ofthe sky
а Rffi tenchi heaven and earth; top and bot-
tom
Rzt- tenku sky, air, firmament, heavens
R{$ tentai heavenly body
RZ^R tenmongaku astronomy
R~F tenka the whole country [empire], the
world
Ric^SSS ten'imuho perfect beauty with no
trace of artifice
fffR shoten high spirits
b RM tenki weather, atmospheric conditions;
fine weather
RMRSt tenki yoho weather forecast
R{^ tenko weather
ffltR seiten fine [fair] weather, cloudless sky
MR uten rainy weather, rainy day
0 (abode of God and blessed souls) heaven,
paradise
RBI tengoku Kingdom of Heaven, Paradise
R1® tenshi angel
#R shoten the Ascension; death
0 heaven, the Creator, Ruler ofthe Universe,
God
RR tentei Lord of Heaven, the Creator
RR tenshu Lord of Heaven, God
0 heaven's messenger on earth, the Emperor
RM tenno Emperor of Japan
R~F tenshi son of Heaven, Emperor
00 nature, laws of nature
0 by nature, innate
aR$ tennen nature
R#< tensai natural calamity [disaster]
b RR tensai (person of) genius

821
2146-2148

 4-1
tensei nature, one's innate disposition
sententekina native, inborn
0 [original meaning] top, head
teppen top, summit
[INDEPENDENT!
[ten heavens, sky; Heaven, God;
Heaven's will, providence; fate, destiny
bIW 0 -5 ten kara oriru fall from
heaven [the sky]
[kun]
[ame ama- ^-] literary heaven, sky
amegashita the world
amanogawa Milky Way
	14-4-1		incorrect classification ^seeD3-2-2:F at 1869
4-4-1			incorrect stroke-count =>see И4-3-1 at 2120
4-4-1			incorrect stroke-count =>see H4-3-1 at 2122
0 4-4-1			incorrect classification ^seeD 3-3-1: □ at 1915
	14	-4-1	incorrect stroke-count =>see  4-5-1 at 2170
4-4-1			incorrect stroke-count =>see И4-5-1 at 2174
	0F 4-4-1		| incorrect classification I =>see □ 3-2-2: П at 1875
	14-4-2		incorrect stroke-count =>see И4-5-2 at 2176
incorrect stroke-count
=>see И4-5-2 at 2178
4-4-2
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-2-2:1—at 1868
4-4-2
► TREE
► WOOD
BOKU MOKU ki ko-
2149
4-4-3
*	Joyo-1	S4-4-0	K4458
75	A0271	®3450	U6728
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] [original meaning] tree
tKS bokuseki trees and stones, inanimate
objects
jumoku tree; trees and shrubs
somoku trees and plants, vegetation
taiboku gigantic tree
kdboku fragrant wood; aromatic tree
00 wood, timber
0 wooDen
а тКИ* mokuzai wood, timber, lumber
Ж @ mokume wood grain
mokko woodworking, woodworker
IKtK genboku material wood; pulpwood
idoboku engineering works
b JJ bokutd wooden sword
mokuseino wooden, made of wood
тКйзф mokuzdno wooden
0 Thursday
H) mokuyo(bi) Thursday
kamoku Tuesdays and Thursdays
[INDEPENDENT!
[moku Thursday
[KUN]
[ki Ж]
О TREE
0 kinobori tree climbing
ЙЖ ueki garden plant, shrub, pot plant
03^ naegi sapling, young tree
namiki row of trees, roadside trees
0 wood, timber, lumber
kigire pieceof wood, splinter
0 kibori woodcarving
Й Ж shiraki plain wood
2149
822
4-3
[ко- А-] TREE
А1Ш кокаде shade of a tree, bower
kodachi clump of trees, thicket
ЖОЖ konoha foliage of trees
[SPECIAL READINGS]
A £8 momen cotton, cotton cloth
IHOMOPHONESI
ki STANDING TREE =>0735
2150
4-4-3
► MIDDLE
► IN
CHU naka ata(ru)T Щ nakaba
Joyo-1	S4-1-3	K3570
A0012	®3451	U4E2D
ICOMPOUNDSI
О lying between two extremes of space:
0 [original meaning] middle, center, midway
0 middle, Middle, mid-, central, intermedi-
ate
а ФМ chdkan middle, midway
ФА chushin center, middle
ФЙ chdkaku core, nucleus; kernel
ЖФЖ^) shuchusuru concentrate, focus;
converge
b Ф,Й chuten middle point
ФпК chdbu central [middle] part
ФМ chdji middle ear, auris media
Ф®( chuo Central Europe
ФЖ chutd Middle East
Ф^9(=ФЖ^1)®Д£) chdrbi (=chdb
roddiinkai) Central Labor Relations
Committee
Ф АЪ chdkei suru relay, rebroadcast
00 (of time) middle, medieval, Middle
0 in the middle, halfway
chunen middle age
Ф1ФО chukono medieval
ФЩ chusei Middle [Medieval] Ages
chusekki jidai Mesolithic period
ФЖ! chuki middle period; metaphase
b Ф1Ь'Ф'Ь chushisuru suspend, stop, discon-
tinue
ФЮг chddan interruption, discontinuance,
suspension
Ф Ж Жchdtaisuru drop out of [quit]
school
Й? Ф T tochu de on the way
©0 [also prefix] (of intermediate size, quality or
extent) middle, medium, intermediate,
average
0 (being at neither extreme) middle (course),
moderate, neutral, medial
а Ф§У chdgata medium size
Ф Й Ф W chuniku-chuzeino of medium
build
Ф t—Jl/ chuhiru medium-high heel
ФА1ФЖ chushokigyo small-to-medium-
sized enterprises
ФЯЮ chubosono medium-fine
ФФлО chuко (=chuburu) no secondhand,
used
Ф8?Д chujiten medium-sized dictionary
ФЖЙЖ chusankaikyu middle class,
bourgeoisie
Ф^ chdgaku junior high school
Ф^Й chdgakkd junior high school
Ф'АА chugakusei junior high school stu-
dent
ФЙ&0 chukyuno middle-class [grade], in-
termediate
b Ф Jit chuyo the (golden) mean, the middle
path
Фл£ churitsu neutrality; neutralization
ФЙ1Т<5 chuwasuru neutralize; counteract
ФЖ chCido middle road, golden mean
0 second in a series of three: middle, second
ФШ chdhen second part [volume]; medium-
length story
Ф'Й chujun middle [second] ten days of a
month
ФтЕ chugen midyear gift; July 15th (lunar
calendar)
© [also suffix] within the confines of a given range:
0 in, within, inside, interior
0 (indicates one of many) in, one of, among
о^ФТ kdchdde in the air [sky]
7КФ®®а suichu megane swimming gog-
gles
ЖФЙИт shichdginko city bank
^нФЖЖ anchd-mosaku groping in the
dark
Ж Ф 0 A ichu no hito person one is
thinking of; man of one’s heart

823
2150
4-3
4
*
Ф
Ф
€
#
Я
Ф
Ш
Ф
ж
zk
—ВйФй^ЖФТ' issankatansochO de in an
atmosphere of carbon monoxide
b “И Ф ЛЛ jitchu hakku nine cases out often
38 Ф renchCi (=renju) party, company, clique;
those fellows [guys]
^<Ф jochu maidservant, maid
ФО—A jdkyakuchu no hitori one of
the passengers
0 [also suffix] within the confines of a given period:
0 IN, in the course of, during, while
0 in the process of, in progress, under
а^ФЙЙФ gozenchu in the morning
Ж Ф konshuchu ni in the course ofthe
week, before the week is over
}§ЖФ jugydchO while in class
ьЖЖФ kenchikuchu under construction
(^Й1Ф shuzenchu during repairs, in the
process of being repaired
О [also suffix]
0 (in every part) throughout, all over, every-
where
© (during the entire time) throughout (the
night), all through
а И ф 7Г kuniju de all over the country
ЖЖФ tokyoju all over Tokyo
b ^^Ф ichinenju throughout the year, al-
ways
В Ф ichinichijd all day long
©0 People's Republic of China, China
0 Modern Chinese, Mandarin
а ФВ chuka Middle Kingdom, China; Chinese
food
ФЛ chukyd Communist China
85 Ф hdchu visit to China
В Ф^^РШ^х nitchii уйкд kydkai Japan-
China Amity Association
b Ф В 8? ft chunichijiten Chinese-Japanese
dictionary
© hit the target [mark]
Ф	tekichu suru hit the mark, hit (on)
it
ФФТ§ meichusuru hit the mark [target]
® be absorbed N, be immersed
В&Ф netchu absorption, enthusiasm
^ФТ muchude like one in a dream; like
one dazed; frantically
0 be subjected to the harmful effects of
(poison); suffer from
ФЖТ^ chudokusuru get poisoned; be
addicted
ФЖ'5~/Ь chOshosuru slander, libel
IINDEPENDENTl
[chu Ф ] middle, medium; medium size,
medium quality; mediocrity, average
H—71/0 Ф birunochu medium-sized beer
ФЗА-Ь chuijb above average
[KUN]
[пака Ф]
О iNside, interior
Ф А %) пака e hairu step into, go [come]
inside, enter
Ф°Ж nakami interior, content, substance
ФЙ nakaniwa courtyard
00 middle, the second
0 middle course, mean
а Ф 0 Я пака no ani middle brother
ФЖ nakayubi middle finger
ФЙ11 с^(=Ф<^с?) nakatsugi intermedia-
tion; agent; relay
ЖАФ mannaka center, middle
#Ф senaka back
b Ф^Ж^Ь пака о toru take the middle
course [mean]
© within the confines of a given range
Ф (7 naka ni in; in the middle of; between,
among
Ф nakani wa some (of them), among
(them)
BJ Ф 7r machinaka de in the streets
ЙФ yonaka midnight, dead of night
Щ'0ф yo no пака the world, society, life
< 0 Ф	6 Ж oku no naka kara
erabu choose among many things
[HOMOPHONES]
naka 1Ф INTERMEDIARY =>0027
ataru =3 THE PRESENT =>1378
2151
4-4-3
► CATTLE
GYU ushi
Ф	Jdyo-2	S4-4-0	K2177
93	C1203	®3452	U725B
2151
824
4-3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (any bovine animal) cattle,
cow, bull, ox
0 beef
дуйпуй (cow's) milk
Ф Й gyuniku beef
дуйkawa cowhide, oxhide
gyuin-bashokusuru gorge
and swill, drink like a cow and eat like a
horse
дуй ho-senj utsu cow's-pace tactics
пуйдуй (=chichiushi) milch cow, dairy
cattle
И41 togyu bullfight, fighting bull
b 4^b gyushi beef tallow
[kun]
[ushi XJ [also suffix] cattle, cow, bull, ox
Ф41 koushi calf
kyoseiushi bullock
IHOMOPHONESI
ushi fi THE OX =>2140
2152
4-4-3
► HAIR
MO ke
	Jdyd-2	S4-4-0	K4451
82	Cl 147	03453	U6BDB
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] hair (of humans or ani-
mals), fur, feather
mohatsu hair
mohitsu (writing or painting) brush
убтб wool
итб feathers, plumage, down
0 wool
moseihin woolen goods
mofu blanket
junmd pure wool, all wool
genmo raw wool
0 vegetation
fumono barren; infertile
[kun]
[ke ^] hair, fur; trichome; wool
V kebukai hairy, thickly haired
keito woolen yarn, wool
W keto slang foreigner, Westerner
kaminoke hair
hanage hairs ofthe nostril
akage red hair, carroty hair
I 1.	► WELL
ztt	SEI SHO i
2153 4-4-3	7	Joyo	S4-2-2	K1670
		A0286	03454	U4E95
H~S				
[	г	(T 1	2	3		й			
ICOMPOUNDSl О [original meaning] well ЙЙ2 yusei oil well 0 something resembling a well crib tenjo ceiling |KUN| [i #]WELL ido (water) well				
XU	► SHO SHO masu			
) 1				
2154 4-4-3	+ 24	Joyo	S4-2-2	K3003
		D2212	03455	U5347

/ I Т-Я..
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 sho: unit of capacity equiv. to approx. 1.8
liters or 10 go (□“), used esp. for sake or rice
^fijffi isshobin 1-sfio bottle
[KUN]
[masu fi]
0 measure, measuring box
G box (seat)
□ fig masume measure; square (of graph
paper)
fififi goshomasu 5-sho measure
IHOMOPHONESI
masu =>®860
825
2152-2154
 4-3
4
Ф
Ф
€
Я
Ф
ф
ж
/К
4
2155
4-4-3
► HAND
► OCCUPATION SUFFIX
SHU ZU* te te- -te ta-
Ф	Joyo-1	S4-4-0	K2874
64	A0059	®3456	U624B
12	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSI
О [original meaning] hand, palm, arm
shuchuni in the hands
Л? akushu handshake, handshaking
ft?- hakushu applause, clapping
Й? gishu artificial arm [hand]
А?ФЪ nyushu suru obtain, get, come by,
procure
0 perform an action with one's hands
?W shujutsu surgical operation
shugei handicrafts, manual arts
shuki note, memorandum; memoirs
shuwa talking with the hands; sign lan-
guage
© [also suffix] holder of an occupation or per-
former of an action: -er (as in singer)
kashu singer
1Й? kishu rider, horseman, jockey
iif? senshu representative athlete [player]
toshu pitcher
Й? joshu assistant, helper
SHfc? untenshu driver
0 means, method
shudan means, way, step
shuho technique, mechanism, style
0 skill, proficiency
shuwan ability, skill
shuren skill, dexterity
jdzuna skilled, dexterous, good at
[KUN]
[te ?]
О hand, palm, arm
?0? tenohira palm of the hand
teashi hands and feet, limbs
tekubi wrist
teniireru obtain
?Ж tegata promissory note; hand print
temoto at hand, within reach; cash at
hand
?ЙлА tegotae response, reaction; resis-
tance; effect
?пд tejina sleight of hand, magic
?JWX 0 tesuri handrail, railing
?ЙХИ tenugui (hand) towel, facecloth,
washcloth
tekozuru not know what to do
with (a person)
?3I cf tebiki guidance;introduction;guide
book, handbook
0 teburi gesture (of one's hand),
movement
© HANDle, knob
IRo? totte handle, knob
© hand, help
tewakesuru divide (work
among several people), split
A? hitode hand, manpower; another's hand
0 tega tarinai be short of
hands
0 labor, trouble, care, charge
? 0 te no konda elaborate, intricate
tema labor, trouble; time (required for a
task)
tesu (=tekazu) trouble, bother, pains
teate allowance, compensation, bene-
fits
teate provision; medical care, treat-
ment
?ifStl teokure being too late
teochi omission, slip; error
© achievement, skill
tegara meritorious deed, merit;
achievement
tegiwa skill, dexterity; workmanship
tegiwayoku skillfully, cleverly
0 means, device, trick
te о kaeru resort to other means
tetsuzuki procedure, formalities
Д0? okunote last resort; secrets
[te- ?-] [also prefix] performed with one's
hands, manually handled
?®0 teseino handmade
tenimotsu hand baggage, personal
effects
teshigoto handwork, manual labor
[-te -?] performer of an action, holder of an
2155
826
4-4
occupation
fflA aite partner; opponent
ЦНА kaite buyer, customer
Bn	A katarite narrator, storyteller
[ta-	-] performed with one's hands,
manually handled
tazuna bridle, reins
ISPECIAL READINGS]
TAZ£ hetana unskillful, unskilled, poor,
clumsy
umai skillful, clever; splendid, excel-
lent
(HOMOPHONES]
tenohira
Ж PALM =>®2602
=>2155,2167
umai
15 И =>®188
=>03494
=>2128,2155
2156
4-4-3
► STATION TROOPS
TON
	Joyo	S4-3-1	K3854
45	D1956	®3457	U5C6F
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
© station troops, encamp, post
chutonsuru be stationed, occupy
4-4-3	incorrect classification =>see H2-2-2: /- at 1254
4-4-3	incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>see B2-2-3: at 1258
4-4-3	incorrect classification =>seeE 1-1-3: У at 0003
4-4-3	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-2-2: A at 1874
2157
4-4-4
► HUSBAND
► MAN LABORER
FU FU BUA otto HI о
*	Jdyo-3	S4-3-1	K4155
37	A0334	®3460	U592B
О HUSBAND
A!® fufu husband and wife, married couple
AH fusai husband and wife, Mr. and Mrs.,
married couple
A A fujin wife, married lady, Mrs.
ЙцА zenpu former husband, ex-husband
© [also suffix] man laborer, male worker
ft A nofu peasant, plowman
A A ninpu coolie, porter, laborer
entotsu sojifu chimney
sweeper [cleaner]
® male adult, man
AAA daijobu safe, sure, all right
0 unclassified compounds
ZEA kufu device, contrivance; scheme, re-
sources

[KUN]
[otto A] HUSBAND
АОЙ1ЭД ottonokenri marital rights
SASA aisuruotto lord of one's bosom
2158
4-4-4
► FRAGMENT
► ONE OF TWO
HEN kata- kata
H-	Joyo-6	S4-4-0	K4250
91	C1039	®3461	U7247
) 7Ж
12	3	4
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [also suffix] fragment, (flat thin) piece, slice,
chip, flake
®fM* danpen fragment, piece
ЙМ* hahen fragment, broken piece, scrap
AM* mokuhen block, chip [piece] of wood
ippen piece, bit, fragment, scrap
ЖЯ* seppen snowflake
827
2156-2158
 4-4
4 shihen piece [scrap, bit] of paper
kinzokuhen piece of metal
— [KUN]
[kata- M*-J [also prefix]
H* 0 one of two, one, single
'X G) one side, one part, one way
a kataippd one side, the other one
M*® katamen one side, one face
ЯгФ katate one hand
zj4	katamichi oneway
katagawa one side
b Яг Ж katakoto imperfect speech, babytalk
>k	katayoru concentrate on one side
[place], go aside
Щ	katabdeki	one way [unbalanced]
Be	trade
, ЯгЖН kataomoi unrequited
*2-	[unreciprocated] love
'L?	katakana katakana
;k [kata H* J settlement, conclusion
41 C katazuku be put in order; be settled;
t=j	be cleared; get married
-t- ЯНС katazukeru put in order, tidy up,
clear away; dispose of, deal with, bring
/Т	to a conclusion; do away with, kill; give
one's daughter in marriage
IHOMOPHONESI
katayoru
^>0101
=>2158,1473
2159
4-4-4
► FIRE
KA hi -bi ho-
Joyo-1	S4-4-0	K1848
B0653	®3463	U706B
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] fire
^k^c kasai fire, conflagration
^кЖ kaji fire
kaen flames, blaze
^кЛ karyoku caloric force; firepower
,Й>к tenka ignition, lighting
shukka outbreak of fire
A^k taika great fire, conflagration
$f^k shoka firefighting
0 Tuesday
^kfl|t( В) kayo(bi) Tuesday
© Mars
>кЖ kasei Mars
[INDEPENDENT!
[ka Tuesday
[KUN]
[hi ^k,-bi -3k]
О [also prefix and suffix] fire, flame
>ктЕ himoto origin [source] of a fire
ikjfc hibana spark
hikagen condition ofthe fire
fl*L^k tomoshibi light, lamp, flame
hanabi fireworks, firecrackers
□ ^k kuchibi fuse; pilot burner; cause (of a
war)
^ВШ>к fushinbi suspected case of arson
0 heat
hi о tosu heat, cook
[ho- ^C-]fire
hokage shadows from firelight
3k$l<5 hoteru feel hot, flush
[SPECIAL READINGS]
MSb* yakedo burn
IHOMOPHONESI
hi fl* LAMP =>0552
ho- fl* LAMP =>®825
2160
4-4-4
► DOG
KEN inu inu-
Joyo-1	S4-4-0	K2404
C1330	®3464	U72AC
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also suffix] [original meaning] dog, hound
JErk chuken faithful dog
ШЯк banken watchdog
Йгк rydken hound, hunting dog
if ck yaken stray dog
СП U —koriken collie
2159-2160
828
4-4
modoken guide dog, Seeing Eye dog
[KUN]
[inu ^ч] DOG, hound, puppy
kaiinu housedog
/Jv£ koinu little dog, puppy
[inu- ^-] worthless, shameless
-6 inujinisuru die in vain
IHOMOPHONESI
inu
W =>®345
ЙГ =>03535
2161
4-4-4
► MOMME
monme
0	Joyo	S4-2-2	K4472
20	D3756	@3465	U5301
[monme &] momme: unit of weight equiv.
to 3.75 g or 1/1000 of a кап (Ж), now used esp.
for weighing pearls
ichimonme 1 momme
2162
4-4-4
► INSIDE
NAI DAI uchi
П	Joyo-2	S4-2-2	K3866
13д	A0055	®3466	U5185
i
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also prefix] [original meaning] (inner side or
part) inside, interior, within, internal, in-
ner
0 [also suffix] (inside a given range) within,
within the scope of, in
а ft^ naiyd contents, import, substance
fto|5 naibu interior, inner parts
ft^k naigai inside and outside; approxi-
mately
ft?4 naika (department of) internal medicine
ftffiffil naishukketsu internal hemorrhage
ft^f® naibunpitsu internal secretion
ft>L? naishin one's inmost heart; one's real
intention; math inner center
ftl® nairiku inland, interior
ft ft naiko introversion
naikdteki introversive
ft® naimen inside, interior
annaisuru guide, show; inform,
notify
blfi® kokunaino domestic,internal,inland
fa ft keidai grounds [premises] (of a shrine or
temple)
J£Aft inai within, less than
JSfKft kengennai ni within the scope of
authority
URftTF' tonaide in Tokyo Metropolis
0 (pertaining to the affairs of a country) internal,
domestic
ft®C naisei domestic administration, internal
affairs
ftWc naisen civil war
ft® naifun internal trouble [strife]; storm in
a teacup
ft^ naimu internal [domestic] affairs
ftffll naiju domestic demand
© not public, private, secret, unofficial, infor-
mal
ftft0 nainaino private, informal; secret,
confidential
ftSi naitei informal decision
ft Ф naishin unofficial report
ft^S naiki private rules [regulations], bylaws
ft fit naiho secret report [information]
ft§5'(2) naimitsuno secret, confidential, pri-
vate
0 (person inside the house) wife
ftli) naijo wife's help
ft fit naigi other's wife
^ft kanai family, household; wife
0 Imperial Palace, Imperial Court; center of
politics
ft И naikaku cabinet
#ft sandai attendance at the Imperial Court
[KUN]
[uchi ft]
О [also prefix and suffix] inside, interior
ftffllj uchigawa inside, interior
ft Ж uchimaku inside facts, inner workings;

829
2161-2162
4-4
[original meaning] inner curtain
ftIR uchiwake items (of an account), details,
breakdown
ft 4^'7 b uchipoketto inside pocket
jjb	ftMZi uchikina shy, bashful
,	(ФМЛ0 nakamauchino private, informal,
among one's people [group]
0 within (a given period), in the course of,
while, during
ft —Ж flfl 0 ft	isshukan no uchini within a
week
wakaiuchi while young
,	-^'0ft sonouchi before long, one of these
days, sooner or later; in the meantime
00 house, one's home
Itt 0 one's family, household
ft а ft ЖТ Ъ uchi о tateru build one's house
b	uchino hito my husband; one's fam-
,j\	ily
, ft ft uchiju whole family; all over the house
ft^T uchideshi pupil boarding in his mas-
ft ter's home, apprentice
0 (group or organization one belongs to) we;
ourselves; our group, our company
j=f- ft ft T uchiuchi de among ourselves
JS'ft miuchi relations, relative
IHOMQPHONESI
uchi
ft MIDDLE =><8)3451
Ж HOUSE =>1458
	► LITTLE SHO sukunai) suko(shi)			
2163 4-4-4	/J' 42	Jdyb-2	S4-3-1	K3015
		A0297	03467	U5C11
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О 0 (of small quantity or number) little, few,
small
© [original meaning] reduce in quantity
a shosho a little, a few, slightly
shosu small number, minority
4>Ж(=Фш) shoryo small quantity [amount]
ftiH shogaku small sum
tasho a little, somewhat
^6^0 keishdno little, slight,trifling
kinshosa narrow [slim] margin
b genshd decrease, reduction, lessening
0 young
shonen boy
shojo girl
^<J>0 nenshono youngjuvenile
[KUN]
[sukunai	(of small quantity or number)
little, few, limited, insufficient
sukunakarazu not a little [few]
бЬХ£<С sukunakutomo at least
sukunai jikan limited time
[sukoshi	L ] (of small quantity) a little, a
few, some; a bit, somewhat; a little while;
short distance
L sukoshimo (not) at all
ft'l/'SS'S) sukoshizutsu little by little
4-4-4	incorrect classification =>seeB2-1-3: at 1228
4-4-4	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-2: z-> at 1255
4-4-4	incorrect classification =>see И4-4-3 at 2152
4-4-4	incorrect classification/ stroke-count ^see И4-5-2 at 2178
4-4-4	incorrect classification =»see □ 3-2-2: Г at 1872
4-4-4	incorrect stroke-count =>see И4-3-4 at 2137
incorrect classification
=>see E1-1-3: ‘ at 0004
4-4-4
2163
830
5-1
incorrect classification
=>seeB2-3-1: Л at 1360
incorrect classification
=>see И4-4-3 at 2156
2165
4-5-1
► MOTHER
BO haha
	Jdyd-2	S5-4-1	K4276
80	B0613	03475	U6BCD

incorrect stroke-count
=>see И4-3-4 at 2138
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-2-2: Л* at 1873
incorrect classification
=>see ПЗ-2-2: Г at 1871
2164
4-5-1
► PLATE
sara
mi	Joyo-3	S5-5-0	K2714
108	D1622	03474	U76BF
11 |г/|тп|пп|ли|
1	2	3	4	5
[kun]
[sara UR]
О [also suffix] [original meaning] (shallow container
for holding food) plate, dish
saraarai dishwashing; dishwasher
Л — 77°Л11 supuzara soup plate
§ ЛП. ukezara saucer
johatsuzara evaporating dish
ШЖМ seihydzara ice-making pan
©0 (food served in a plate) plate (of vegeta-
bles), dish, helping, course
© counter for plates or helpings
а OHL saishonosara first course
b	yasai hitosara a dish of vegeta-
bles
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] (female parent) mother
® T‘ boshi mother and child
®?L bonyu mother's milk
boin vowel ("mother sound")
X® fubo father and mother, parents
ffl® sobo grandmother
Se® seibo Holy Mother, Virgin Mary
00 (relating to one's birthplace) mother, native
© (relating to the place of origin or base)
mother, home
а ®И bokoku one's mother country, home-
land
®И1п bokokugo one's mother tongue, na-
tive language
®t£ boko one's alma mater, one's old school
Ь ®'Ж boko home port
®fla bosen mother ship
0 base material
9® kobo yeast; ferment
^® bunbo denominator
[kun]
[haha ®] (female parent) mother
®0S haha no ai maternal love
®^й hahaoya mother
®M hahadori mother bird
ISPECIAL READINGS]
4э®$/и okasan mother
ffl® oba aunt (older than one's parent)
<K® oba aunt (younger than one's parent)
4offl® obasan grandmother
?L® uba wet nurse
®B omoya main house [wing]
831
2164-2165
5-1

2166
4-5-1
► GEM
GYOKU tama tama- -dama
Joyo-1	S5-5-0	K2244
B0696	03477	U7389
-—	T|3	Ii	i
			
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSI
© GEM, jewel(ry), precious stone
gyokuseki-konko mixture of
good and bad, jumble of wheat and
tares
5 HE hogyoku jewel, gem, precious stone
ftzE shugyoku jewel, gem
®HE kogyoku jadeite
[KUN]
[tama HE]
О gem, jewel, precious stone, pearl; bead
HE Я ft* tamanikizu flaw in the crystal, fly in
the ointment
£jxHE magatama comma-shaped bead
0 various spherical objects, as: ball, globe; lump
of noodles; egg; lens
HE^ccT tamatsuki billiards; serial collisions
(of cars)
HEtamago egg
l=l HE medama eyeball; loss leader (of mer-
chandise)
jftfiSHE teppodama gunshot, bullet; lost
[truant] messenger; bull's-eye
[tama- HE-] [also prefix]
О beautiful, exquisite
HETffii tamatebako Pandora's box; treas-
ured casket
0 round, spherical
HE^X tamanegi onion
HESTJ tamajari gravel
[-dama -HE]
О coin suffix
“EH HE juendama 10-yencoin
Et > Ь ЗЕ gosentodama nickel
0 [also suffix] round or spherical object
Нх-утЕП^НЕ shabondama soap bubble
ЙГЙГНЕ kanshakudama firecracker; tem-
per, fit of rage
[HOMOPHONES]
tama
ft PEARL =>0643
ft BALL =>0658
PROJECTILE =>0418
tamago
EGG =>0567
HET =>2166,2125
2167
4-5-1
► FLAT
► CALM
HEI BYO tai(ra) -daira hira hira-
Ц] pei
	Jbyd-3	S5-3-2	K4231
51	A0154	03478	U5E73
!4	77	77	ft	
				
1	2	3	4	5
[COMPOUNDS]
О [original meaning] flat, level, even
heiho square (measure); square (of a
number)
HP If heiya plain(s), open field
^P® heimen level surface, plain
Т#=Г heitan na flat, level, even
ZMPO suiheino horizontal, level, even
0 equal, impartial, fair
^P^J heikin average, (arithmetical) mean;
equilibrium, balance
W heiko parallelism, parallel; going side by
side; occurring together
bybdd equality, impartiality
kohei impartiality, fairness
© common, ordinary, average
^P H heijitsu weekday
heibonna common, ordinary, com-
monplace, mediocre
^P^ heinen normal [average] year, common
year
-ft Ж О heijo no ordinary, normal, usual
0 calm, peaceful, quiet
heiwa peace, harmony
ftM he/к/ nonchalance, unconcern; compo-
sure
heion calmness, quiet, tranquility
ftf^T^ heisei na calm, serene
ftS heian calmness, peace, quietness,
tranquility; Heian period
2166-2167
832
5-1
^РЙс heisei Heisei era
wahei peace
^C^F taihei tranquility, perfect peace
[KUN]
[taira Vb]
taira na ^F в /X flat, even, level, smooth;
calm, peaceful, tranquil
^F 6 ХХхЙ taira na michi level road
>L? 0 ^F	какого no taira na even-
tempered
^F 6 kf'b tairageru eat up, finish, consume;
quell, subdue, put down
[-daira -^F] suffix after names of flats or
plains
H Ф^Р nihondaira Nihon Plain
[hira ^F] common [ordinary] member(ship)
of an organization; the broad [flat] (of a
hand); breaststroke
hiranoshain mere clerk
ф0-^Р tenohira palm of the hand
^РЙ< cf hiraoyogi breast stroke
[hira- ¥-] [also prefix]
О flat, not elevated
^FfcH hiratai flat, even, level; simple, plain
^РЖ hiraya one-story house
^Рй hirachi flat [level] ground
IF'KiS hiragana hiragana, cursive капа
characters
Jlffi hirayane flat roof
О common, ordinary, plain
hiramaku plain sumo wrestler of senior
grade
^FISJl hirakyoin common teacher
^Fjn£ Д hiratdin rank-and-file party member
IHOMOPHONESI
tenohira
Ж PALM =>®2602
ф05р =>2155,2167
[note]
★do not confuse with ^P =>®3504
► THIRD
HEI
2168	—	Joyo	S5-1-4	K4226
4-5-1	1	D2537	®3479	U4E19
© the third, C; third class, grade C
iWffl heishu third class, class C
ffl ZLjffl kootsuhei 1 st, 2nd and 3rd; A, В and
C
► SHELL
► FIRST
KO KAN KAA [I] kabuto ki
2169	ffl	Joyo	S5-5-0	K2535
4-5-1	102	C1042	®3481	U7532
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
О shell (of animals); carapace, tortoise cara-
pace
ffl^x kokaku carapace, shell, crust
ФЖ kora shell, carapace
ffl#X kokotsubun ancient inscriptions of
Chinese characters on oracle bones and
carapaces
ffl® kanpan (=kdhan) deck
Ж ffl kikko carapace of a turtle, tortoiseshell
© the first, A; first class, grade A; the former
ffl Z_i kootsu first and second, former and lat-
ter
fflH koshu grade A, first grade
© used phonetically for ka
ffl^l^MF <5 kaiga aru fruitful, effective,
worth, worthwhile
[INDEPENDENT!
[ ко ffl ] shell, tortoiseshell; armor; back of
the hand, instep; the first, A; the former; first
calendar sign
F©? tenoko back ofthe hand
ffl ZL koto otsu A and B, the former and
the latter

833
2168-2169
5-1

2170
4-5-1
► CONCAVE
О boko*
u	Joyo	S5-2-3	K1790
17	D2199	®3482	U51F9
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
© [original meaning] concave, hollow, in-
dented
Ы®^ omenkyo concave mirror
ЫЙЁ ochi hollow, pit
МД ototsu unevenness, irregularities
Ml/>X drenzu concave lens
МЙЙЕРВО dhaninsatsu intaglio printing
ДЩЯЕ totsudshi embossed paper
[KUN]
[boko Hl [in compounds] concavity
ДЩ dekoboko unevenness, roughness; im-
balance
0 counter for books, volumes or copies
0 bound book, volume, copy
a sassu number of books
ШАН" yonsatsu four volumes
b /hffiFF shosasshi booklet, pamphlet
bunsatsu separate volume
Xffif taisatsu great volume, bulky book
bessatsu separate volume, extra issue
► RIGHT
SEI SHO tada(shii) tada(su) masa
masa(ni) [Ю tada tadashi masashi
2172	It	Jdyd-1	S5-4-1	K3221
4-5-1	77	A0156	®3484	U6B63
- T T iFjE
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (not mistaken) right, correct, proper
0 (set right) right, correct, rectify
а 1ЕЙ? seikai right answer, correct solution
1ЕЙО shomino net, full, clear
j®IEZ£ tekiseina proper, appropriate, rea-
sonable, right
b	kaiseisuru revise, amend
BTIE'T^) teiseisuru correct, amend, revise
shuseisuru amend, revise, correct;
retouch
zeseisuru correct
tJZE kdsei proofreading
Й5Й1Ж1Е kokishukusei enforcing discipline
(among government officials)
0 [also prefix] (in a precise manner) right, accu-
rate, exact(ly), just, due (north)
lEffife seikakuna accurate, precise, exact
IE2!1 shogo noon, noontime
1ЕЙЙ seihantai exactly opposite
IE/\0f (3 shorokujini at six sharp
© (morally correct) right, righteous, just, up-
right
lE^P seija right and wrong
1ЕЙ seigi justice, righteousness
IE Ез	seito na just, right, due; legal
IE fra seiron sound argument
lEftlX^ shojikina honest, upright, frank
&IEft kdseina just, fair, impartial
^IE fusei injustice, wrong, illegality
О RIGHT side, front
IE® shomen front, frontage, facade
ШЙЙ; seikdhd regular tactics for attack
ЛЕШ'Т'Ь seishisuru look in the face; con-
front
©0 [also prefix] regular, full, normal, proper,
formal, orthodox; legitimate, legal
0 genuine, authentic, pure
а 1ЕЙЮ seikino regular,formal, legitimate
IEseishikino formal, regular
lEi^O seito no legitimate, orthodox, tradi-
tional
lEftffc seijdna normal, regular
1ЕЖ’?"<Ь seizasuru sit upright [straight]
1ЕЖ shoki consciousness; sanity, reason
2170-2172
834
5-1
IE Л seisai lawful [legal] wife
IE^M seikaiin regular member
seikyoju full professor
b TEjKtlE.£%(£) shoshin-shomeino true, genu-
ine, authentic
IE{$ shotai one's natural [true] shape; con-
sciousness
0 [also prefix] math (of equal sides or congruent
faces) regular
seihokei square
О [also prefix] chief, main, principal
IE'S* seishi senior envoy, chief
seifukugicho chairman and vice-
chairman
1EP^ seimon main gate, main entrance
1ЕШ seihen main part of a book
1ЕЙ seigen sine (of an angle)
IEH{i shdsanmi senior grade of the third
court rank
0 first month of the year, January
IE Я shdgatsu New Year, New Year's day;
January
SUE gashd New Year's congratulations,
Happy New Year
lINDEPENDENTl
[sei IE] right, righteousness,justice; math,
elec positiveness
sei no math, elec positive
[KUN]
[tadashii IE L V ^] correct, right, accurate,
exact; right, righteous, just; lawful, legitimate
IEL$ tadashisa rightness, righteousness,
lawfulness; correctness, propriety
IE L V	Л tadashiikotae correct answer
SJHIIELH kisoku-tadashii regular, sys-
tematic
IELWtV* tadashii okonai right conduct
reigi-tadashii courteous, deco-
rous, polite
[tadasu IETJ
0 correct, rectify
0 set right, reform, redress
а Ж 0 tlffiEit Ayamari да areba
tadase Correct mistakes, if any
b	shiseiо tadasu straighten
oneself
[masa IE] [in compounds] just, exact, definite
ZE Ж masayume dream which comes true,
prophetic dream
[masani ZE JZ] just, exactly; surely, certainly
lE^WZl Masaniharu da Spring is really
here
IHOMOPHONESI
tadasu
Ж QUALITY =>02808
INQUIRE INTO =>01278
masani
THE PRESENT =>02177
GENERAL OFFICER =>0460
► AS WELL
ka(tsu)
2173 4-5-1	1	Joyo	S5-1-4	K1978
		D3576	<88485	U4E14
2	3	4	5
[katsu KO ] as well (as), at the same time,
besides, moreover, both... and
KOX katsumata moreover
К О К О О katsu nomi katsu utau
drink as well as sing, drink and sing at
the same time
£ nS I/J=lOHr < Kare wa eigo о
hanashikatsu kaku He speaks English
and writes it as well
a
2174
4-5-1
► CONVEX
TOTSU deko*
U	Joyo	S5-2-3	K3844
17	D2121	03486	U51F8

- J, via
IcompoundsI
0 [original meaning] convex, gibbous, protrud-
ing
totsurenzu convex lens
Д® totsumen convex surface
tokkaku convex angle
£hl® toppan letterpress, relief printing
835
2173-2174
И51
МД dtotsu unevenness, irregularities
[KUN]
[deko dh] [in compounds] coNVExity
4o£h odeko brow, forehead
ДМ dekoboko unevenness, roughness; im-
balance

4	-5-1	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-3-2: □ at 1925
4-5-1		incorrect stroke-count =>see  4-4-1 at 2143
s 4-5-1		incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>see H2-5-1: A at 1612
4-5-1		incorrect classification =>see □ 3-3-2: Г at 1922
E 4-5-1		incorrect classification =>see □ 3-3-2: □ at 1927
4-5-1		incorrect classification ^seeH 2-3-2: & at 1365
4-5-1		incorrect classification =>see □ 3-2-3: П at 1889
4-5-1		incorrect classification =>see □ 3-3-2: □ at 1928
► WHITE
HAKU BYAKU shiro shira- shiro(i)
2175
4-5-2
Й	Joyo-1	S5-5-0	K3982
106	B0532	03493	U767D
\ / fl fl Ф
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] white
Й A hakujin white man, Caucasian
ЙШ hakucho swan
Й W hakusho white paper [book]
Й6 hakushoku white
ЙЯ hakuboku chalk
ЙА hakui (=byakue) white robe [dress];
white coat
Й ® byakuren white lotus
ЙЛ^ hakkekkyu leucocyte
ЙШ hakusen white line; warning line (on
station platform)
0 (not written or printed upon) white, blank
ЙЖ hakushi blank sheet, flyleaf; clean slate
ЙЖ hakuhyd blank ballot
Й J® hakuchi idiocy, idiot
?сЙ kuhaku blank, empty space; void, vac-
uum
© (free from blemish) white, morally pure,
innocent, dean
Ж Й Xi keppaku na innocent, pure, upright
00 dear, bright
0 dean, plain, distinct
а Й Wft hakunetsu white heat [glow]; climax
Й H hakuchu daytime, broad daylight
b ВД Й meihaku na clear, plain, obvious
0 state clearly, confess, admit
Й^К hаки jo confession
пЙ kokuhaku confession, admission, decla-
ration
§ Й jihaku confession
[KUN]
[shiro Й ] [also prefix] white
Й Ж shirokuro black and white; right or
wrong
ЙЖ shiroji white (back)ground
Й	shirogane silver; silver coin
Й1Ш shirohachimaki white headband
Й shiro no boshi white hat
Й/Vf shirobai white police motorcycle;
motorcycle policeman
Мой masshiro pure [immaculate] white
ЙЙ© irojirono fair, light-complexioned
[shira- Й-] white
Й & shiramu grow light, turn gray; (ofthe
atmosphere) become chilled
Й shiraga white [gray] hair
[shiroi Й H] white; gray (hair); blank, white
2175
836
5-2
Й И4Й shiroi mono something white; snow;
gray hair
Й И £ £ 0ЙЕ shiroi mama no kami blank
[unwritten] paper
Й $ shirosa whiteness
aojiroi pale, pallid
ЙЙН omoshiroi interesting,amusing,
pleasant
ISPECIAL READINGS]
Й oshiroi (face) powder
IHOMQPHONESI
shirogane
SILVER =>01722
a^ =>2175,1302
2176
4-5-2
► SWEET
KAN ama(i) ama(eru)
ama(yakasu)
tr	Joyo	S5-5-0	K2037
99	C1270	<83494	U7518
-rtrfl.tr
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 (of sugary taste) sweet
А*Й*4 kanmiryo sweetener
fl* Ifx kansho sweet potato
"ЙЖ kanro nectar, honeydew
fl*jST kansho sugarcane
fl*B§ kansan sweet and bitter; pain and
pleasure
[KUN]
[amai fl*V^J
О sweet, sugary
ttS amami sweetness, sugary taste
fl*^l amaguri broiled sweet chestnuts
fl* □ 0 amakuchi no sweet (wine), mild
(tobacco)
00 indulgent, lenient, generous
0 easygoing, too optimistic
amanjiru be resigned to (one's
fate), be contented [satisfied] with (one's
lot)
kodomoniamai be indulgent
to (one's) children
[amaeru fl*Я.-6] play the baby (to), be
coquettish; fawn on (a person)
fl* Л amae amae, dependence
amaeta choshi de in a co-
quettish tone
fl*Ao^ amaekko spoilt child
[amayakasu fl*J be indulgent to,
spoil, pamper
fl*Гamayakashite sodateru
bring up indulgently
	► HILL KYO oka			
2177	—	Joyo	S5-1-4	K2154
4-5-2	1	C1365	®3495	U4E18
[ Ж- & № (£r ш- EE 4 m ]
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] hill
-EeI^I куйгуб hill, hillock
fttfr sakyu sand dune, sand hill
□ Ji какдкуй volcanic cone
IRON]
[oka fr] hill, hillock, mound
JtjZI okabe vicinity of a hill
[HOMOPHONES]
oka
Mx HILL =>®2997
Й LAND =>®543
& BESIDE =>0147
► WORLD
► AGE
SEI SE yo
Jdyd-3	S5-1-4	K3204
A0160	@3496	U4E16
2178
4-5-2
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 (human society) world, society, commu-
nity, public
0 woRLDly, earthly, public, popular
a tifsJ seken world, society; the public, people
Щпго seron (=yoron) public opinion
Ш Ш shusse success in life; promotion
837
2176-2178
[ Hf ft HE fir Ш- EE KF Й ГП 4 Щ- ]
 5-2
b ШЖ seji worldly affairs
Ший sewa help, aid, good offices; care; eve-
ryday affairs
sezokuno common, worldly
0 (physical world) world, universe
sekai world, universe
jglJtSlB soseiki Genesis
0 AGE, period, century, era, the times
tOB seiki century
ФЩ chusei Middle [Medieval] Ages
kinsei modern ages
SLtt ransei turbulent times
00 generation, family line
0 counter for generations or reign periods
а 1ЙК; sedai generation
b —Ш nisei second-generation [American-
born] Japanese, nisei
naporeon-sansei Napo-
leon III
0 used phonetically for se
setai household, home
[KUN]
[yo
0 world, society, public
0 this world, life, existence
jff 0 ф yo no naka the world, society, life
b Z. 0Ш konoyo this world, present life
cfcOtk anoyo the otherworld, world of the
dead
[HOMOPHONES]
yo R SUBSTITUTE =>0018
2179
4-5-2
► LIFE
► BE BORN
► STUDENT
SEI SHO i(kiru) i(kasu) i(keru)
u(mareru) u(mare) umare u(mu)
o(u) ha(eru) ha(yasu) ki nama
nama- -uv Щ iku ubu о i bu oi
mi iki fu
4	Joyo-1	S5-5-0	K3224
100	A0034	@3497	U751F
1	2	3	4	5
IcompoundsI
O0 (act of being alive) life, existence
© (interval between birth and death) LiFEtime,
life
а seimei life
Ф®(=Ф	^) seiho (=seimei hoken)
life insurance
seishi life and death
Ф® shogai life, lifetime, career; for life
ЛФ jinsei human life, life
b ФЙЙ seizen during one's lifetime
isshd a lifetime
МФ shusei all one's life
yosei one's remaining years
ФФ Й heizei wa in ordinary days
0 (living organisms) life, living things
seibutsu living thing, life, organism
ФЭ^ seirigaku physiology
Ф seitai ecology; mode of life
1ЖФЙ^ gensei dobutsu protozoan
yosei larva
ЙФ^И kosei busshitsu antibiotic
й£Ф sessho destruction of life; cruelty
W Ф chikushd beast; Damn it!
^ФФЪ shaseisuru sketch [draw] from na-
ture; portray
00 livelihood, living
0 health, welfare
a Фп1* seikei livelihood, living
Ф?5 seikatsu life, existence; livelihood
ФШ seikyo cooperative association [society]
ФЖ seigyd occupation, calling
b Щ[Ф eisei hygiene, sanitation, preservation of
health
1ЖФ kosei public welfare, health promotion
0 (be alive) live, exist
Ф??Ф<Е) seizon suru exist, live, survive
Ф^Ц seibetsu separation, parting
ЖФ kisei parasitism
ЙХФ sosei revival, resuscitation
ВЙ© yaseino wild, feral
00 BE BORN
0 bear, give birth to
а ФЖ seika house where one was born
ФФЯН seinengappi date of birth
1ЙФФ<5 tanjosuru be born, come into the
world
НЕФФ <5 koseisuru be born again, start
one's life all over; recycle
saisei reclamation; regeneration,
2179
838
5-2
resuscitation; playback
?ХЕЁ/и sdseiji twins
ЁЁЕЁ'^ЕЕ) djo suru pass away; be at a loss
b seibo one's (biological) mother
seishoku reproduction, procreation,
generation
5РЕЁ0 ranseino oviparous
0 (bring into existence) produce, give rise to
ЕЁ Si seisan production
ЕЁД£"<Г<5 seiseisuru create, generate; be
created
О raw, uncooked, crude
ЕЁ?1 seinyu raw milk
shoyaku crude drug
ЕЁ??К seisekkai quicklime, unslaked lime
0 [original meaning] (of plants) grow
seiikusuru grow, vegetate
ЕЁй seicho (physical) growth
§ ЕЁ^"%) jiseisuru grow wild [naturally]
ЭЁЕЁ'3"<Ь gunseisuru grow gregariously [in
crowds]
ЙЕЁШ^Й banseishokubutsu slow grower
0 occur, happen
^ЕЁ^-Ь hasseisuru occur, happen; grow,
breed
0 [also suffix] student, pupil; scholar
ЕЁЙ seito pupil, student
gakusei student
гйЖЕЁ kokdsei highschool student
Р^ЖЕЁ dokyusei classmate
Р^ТЕЁ monkasei disciple, pupil
ЙЕЁ kydsei student teacher
Е’еЕЁ sensei teacher; doctor
[INDEPENDENT!
[sei ЕЁ] life, living; [humble] I
ЕЁ Ж sei о ukeru be born, live
[shojiru (=shdzuru) #£ C<5(=ЕЁТ<5)J
happen, arise, be produced; produce, create,
cause; grow
Henka ga shojita Change
took place
ЕЁ СЪ neoshojiru put forth roots,
take root
[kun]
[ikiru ЕЁ^&]
OO (be alive) live, exist
0 (make a living) live (on), subsist
a ЕЁ of iki freshness; stet
ЕЁоГ^Й ikimono living creature
ЕЁ aS ^7 ikikata way of life, lifestyle
ЕЁ aS ? й ‘W Ъ ikigai ga aru worthwhile
living
ЕЁ (''А <ЫРех ikeru shikabane living corpse
ЕЁ^^^оЕ ikijibiki walking dictionary
ДЕЁоЕ nagaiki long life, longevity
b	Hitowa
pan nomi nite ikuru ni arazu Man does
not live by bread alone
0 be enlivened
ЕЁ aS ЕЁ of ikiiki to lively, vividly
-f’O—ЕЁ #Sono ichigo de
bunshd ga ikiru That single word gives
life to the style
[ikasu ЕЁ£М“]
О let live, keep alive
© revive; stet
a	Aitsuwa
ikashite okenai I can't let him live
b ^Е^^ЕЁ/^Т shishao ikasu revive the
dead
[ikeru ЕЁЁ^] arrange (flowers)
ЕЁ^ТЁ ikebana flower arrangement
[umareru ^E	] (of persons) (come into
being) be born, come into existence
ЕЁ aS umaretsuki one's nature; by
nature
umarete hajimete for the
first time in one's life
ЕЁ£Ё^1/₽Х ЬОвФЛ umarenagara no
shijin born poet
Karewa
amerika de umareta He was born in
America
[umare ^Ё^^Т, Efe] [also suffix] birth; origin,
lineage
Л S В ЕЁ Showa
sanjuninen sangatsu itsuka umare
born on March 5,1957
<Ё' ЕЕ Ь ЕЁ & Dochira no
oumare desu ka Where do you come
from?
ЕЁ^ПОДН umare noyoi wellborn, of
noble birth
К И* ЕУ ЕЁ	Л З7 V Л doitsuumare
noyudayajin German Jew
[нтми2г»ЕЕнтгп4пн
839
2179

 5-2
4 [umu ЗЁСГ]
О have children
3£<?A umi production, bringing into the world
Ж	S Л £ Kanojo wa
kodomo о gonin unda She has five
children
0 produce, bring forth, give rise to, yield
З^^сН'Т umidasu bring forth, produce,
yield
[ou 4 5 ] [in compounds] grow
3i И <5 oishigeru grow luxuriantly
[thickly]
oitachi one's upbringing, one's
childhood
[haeru ЗЁЛ&] grow, spring up; grow (hair
or wings), cut (a tooth)
ЗзЛШс^О haenukino native-born, true-
born
ЗЁЛ^ haegiwa borders of the hair,
(receding) hairline
mebaeru bud,sprout;begin
[hayasu ЗЁ^Т] grow (a beard), cultivate
Ц^З^ЬТН-?) hige о hayashite iru
have [wear] a beard
[ki ЗЁ] [also prefix]
0 pure, genuine
0 raw
a 3i7rifctT kidenomu drink (whisky) straight
ztJI-O kissuino trueborn, pure, genuine
31Й kiji one's true color [character]; (plain)
cloth, texture; unglazed pottery
3iSSx'Ml kijoyu pure soy, raw soy
31~*Ф/£ kiipponna straightforward, hon-
est
31Ш kimusume virgin, innocent girl
b 3i7^ kiito raw silk (thread)
3i$Mx kird crude Japan wax
31Ж kigami unsized paper
[nama ЗЁ] raw, uncooked, green, fresh, live;
impudence, cheek
ЗеТ'И^^ nama de taberu eat raw [fresh]
3i3i L H namanamashii green, fresh, vivid
3i01W?H nama nojohd firsthand informa-
tion
ЗЁЖЖ& namaikina impudent, audacious,
conceited, affected
5? 3i gennama real money
[nama- 4-J
O0 raw, uncooked, green, fresh; crude
0 [also prefix] live
a namamono uncooked food; perishables
ЗЁ7К namamizu unboiled water
b namami living body; raw meat [fish]
31SSW namaenso live performance
0 [also prefix] imperfect, half-, slight, little
31йшН namanurui lukewarm; halfway; half-
hearted
З1Ц7 LH namayasashii simple, easy
ISPECIAL READINGS]
213i shibafu lawn, turf
3ittfA ainiku unfortunately, unluckily; I am
sorry, but...
IHOMQPHONESI
ikiru ft ACTIVE =>®385
ikasu Й active =>®385
ikeru
ACTIVE =>®385
S BURY =>®403
umareru Й GIVE birth =>2075
umu Ж GIVE BIRTH =>2075
umi & GIVE BIRTH =>2075
2180
4-5-2
► GO OUT
► PUT OUT
SHUTSU SUI de(ru) -de da(su)
-da(su) ® ide izu izuru
u	Jdyo-1	S5-2-3	K2948
17	A0014	®3498	U51FA
I +
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] (of persons) go out,
come out; depart, leave
0 cause to GO out (on a military expedi-
tion), dispatch (troops)
G (of things) come out, issue, flow out
a ttjB'T'S shukkokusuru go out of a country
shuppatsu departure, starting
Ж Жshukko suru leave port, set sail
Ж^В~ЖЪ shutcho suru travel on official
business
ЖК'Т^) shutsudd suru take the field, be
dispatched, turn out
2180
840
5-2
ЯЙЖ^~-Ь dasshutsu suru escape, extricate
Жgaishutsu suru go out
b	shuppeisuru dispatch troops
$КЖЙТ hashutsujo branch office; police box
c Ж-ЙГ^"<5 shukketsu suru bleed; hemor-
rhage
/ЙЖ'’3"*<5 ryushutsu suru flow out, effuse
00 (come into view or existence) come out,
appear, emerge, occur
0 come from, originate
a Ж^ shutsugen appearance, emergence
Ж A shukka outbreak of fire
shinshutsukibotsu no appear-
ing and disappearing unexpectedly, elu-
sive
ИЖ shoshutsu first appearance
^Ж”^-Ъ zokushutsu suru appear in succes-
sion
ЙЖ roshutsu exposure, disclosure;
(photographic) exposure
b ЖЙ^ shussho origin, source; release from
prison
ЖЖ' shusshin coming from; graduate from
ЖЯ'ЙЁ shusshinchi one's native place
ЖД shutten source, authority
©0 go to, proceed to, come to
0 appear, attend, be present at
а Ж)®'А<5 shutsuryd suru go (off) fishing
ЖЖ'ТЪ shutsuba suru come forward as a
candidate; go in person
HutS'lTЪ shussesuru succeed in life; be
promoted
iSttjlT-?) shinshutsu suru advance, go
[march] into; debouch
b Ж J® shusseki attendance, presence
ЖЗЙ'ТЪ shukkin suru attend one's office,
go to work
ЖДЙ’^"'?) shuttosuru attend, present one-
self
shutsuensuru appear on stage,
perform, play
shutsujosuru take part, participate
ЖЙЙ'ТЪ shutsugan suru make an applica-
tion
0 cause to move toward or as if toward an outward
direction:
0 put out, give out, discharge, send out,
take out
0 put on display, exhibit
a Hj'jpf'f <5 shukka suru forward, ship, consign
ЖШ shutcho excessof exports over imports
ЙСЖ'Т-?) hdshutsusuru release, discharge,
emit
kenshutsu suru detect, find
ЖЖ'Т'Ь senshutsu suru elect
ЙЖ'А^Ь kyushutsu suru rescue, relieve,
deliver
ftSiHj yushutsu export
ЙЖ'Т<5 teishutsu suru present, submit,
turn in
b	shuppansuru publish
Жоп^~Ъ shuppin suru exhibit, show, dis-
play
0 expend,spend, pay
ЖЖ1Г<5 shusshisuru invest, finance
ЖЙЙ suitd receipts and expenses, incomings
and outgoings
31Ж shishutsu expenditure, disbursement,
outgo
^Ж saishutsu annual expenditure
0 (bring into being) put out, produce, beget
Жл*с shuttan coal production
ЖЖ shussan birth, delivery
Ж 4 shussho birth
ЙЕЖЗ"^) sanshutsu suru produce, yield
?ЖЖЗ~<5 enshutsu suru produce (a play);
represent
^Ж'Т'Ь anshutsusuru think out, contrive,
devise, invent
[KUN]
[deru ЖЗ]
O0 go out, come out; leave, go away
0 depart, start
0 (of things) come out, issue, flow out
a Ж de coming [going] out; outflow; rising (of
the sun or moon); graduate (of); one's
turn to appear on stage
Ж A «9 deiri going in and out; frequentation,
usual visit (as by a merchant); indenta-
tions; incomings and outgoings; trouble,
fight
ЖАП deiriguchi doorway,gateway
ЖЙ1Х. demukae meeting (someone at the
station), receiving
Ж^~9 deau (happen to) meet; transact
Ж □ deguchi exit; exit ramp
ЖйЙ demae delivering dishes to order
b Ж8НЗ<5 dekakeru go out, set off; be about

841
2180
 5-2
4--------------------------------------------
to go out
Ж V Жл& yoi deashi good start; good turn-
out of people
g c zK 0 Ж ТД'Ж V * Mizu no de ga warui The
water does not come out wel I
p- 0 go beyond the limit:
0 stick out, protrude, project
Щ	0 intrude, interfere
Ж	0 be more than, exceed
Ж а Ж 'О Ъ depparu project, protrude
ЖэЙ deppa projecting teeth
Й cS Ж %) tsukideru project, stick out, stand
Ф	out.
Ь Ж L Й'Ь deshabaru intrude, butt in
ал	junen о denai uchi ni
within ten years
tfe cf /иЖ -Ь nukinderu excel, stand out, be
preeminent
^ЖЗ hamideru protrude; project
00 (come into view) come out, appear, emerge,
turn up; be revealed; be found; (of dishes)
be served
0 appear (in print), come out; be published
аЖЙХ 'S desorou appear all together, come
out fully
Ж 0 Ъ demawaru appear on the market, be
moving
(Д/Ж Ъ Obake да deru A ghost
haunts the place
Ж Ь^^^'ЖТЖ^ Nakushita
tokei ga dete kita The lost watch was
found
ВНЖ omoide recollections,memory, remi-
niscences
ЕУТ^^Ж/^ Bifutekiдаdeta Beefsteak
was served
ьЙтМ^ЖТИ<5 Shinbun nideteiru It is in
the papers
00 attend, be present, appear; go to (work)
0 take part in, join
а tWcftT dekasegisuru work away from
home
Ж TV ^<5 kaisha ni dete iru work for
a company
ь 1/-Х^ЖЗ resunideru run in a race
00 go to, proceed to; lead to
0 go forth into (the world), enter upon
а ЖЖ^ Ж <5 tokyd e deru go to Tokyo
Z. 0Ж й Ж Ъ Kono michi wa umi ni
deru This path leads to the sea
b Щ (Z Ж Ъ yo ni deru go out into the world,
come to the front
Ж^^Ж<Б senkyonideru run for election
00 come from, originate, arise; graduate
0 break out, occur, originate
0 (results) come out, work out
а ЖЖ& dekiru be made, be completed, come
into being; can; be good at (a subject)
ЖЖ	dekiru dake as much [far] as
possible
ЖЖ-Ь/ЛО dekiagari completion,finish
® Ж ЙЖ?5 0 Ж ZS Kanojo wa kyoto no de
da She is from Kyoto
Ж^^Ж^ daigaku о deru graduate from
a university
b Ж^'ЖТс Hi да deta A fire started
0 unclassified compounds
Ж$в* И Z£ detaramena random, haphazard
|=1ЖбЁ^ medetai happy, propitious, joyous
[-de -Ж J [suffix] graduate (of)
Д^ЖОЛ daigakudenohito university
graduate
[dasu ЖТ]
00 put out, push [thrust] out, send out, hold
out
0 take out, bring out
а 5$ЖТ shita о dasu put out one's tongue
^^ЖЖ teodasu reach out one's hand,
turn one's hand to
ТЖ ЖЖ tegami о dasu mail a letter
ь	Ж Ж saifu о dasu draw [take] out
one's purse
00 (bring into being) put out, produce, yield
0 (issue printed material) put out, publish;
print, insert
а	umidasu bring forth, produce,
yield
Ж О Ж Ж tsukuridasu make, turn out, create
£ Ж Ж □	Ж T gojikkiro о dasu d rive 50
kph
b ЖЖ jisho о dasu publish a diction-
ary
0 pay, put up, invest
Й^^ЖЖ shikin о dasu furnish with
funds
00 put out (a dish), serve
0 present, submit; tender
2180
842
5-3
a IS Ji & Ж T choshoku о dasu serve break-
fast
b Iz/fr— b Ж^ repoto о dasu turn in a
report
00 expose, lay bare
0 put on display, exhibit
а ШФ senaka о dasu bare one's back
b JU ЖТ tenrankai ni dasu send to
an exhibition
0 utter
ogoeodasu shout, raise one's
voice
[-dasu -ЖТ] [verbal suffix]
О (proceed or cause to proceed outward) go out,
come out; put out, send out; jut out
Ж£/Ж~3~ tobidasu fly out, run out, jump
out; project
О Ж~<Г noridasu lean forward; start, set
out; embark on, launch into
ЖТ uridasu put on sale; rise in fame
IX X) Ж^~ toridasu take out, pick out, extract
Ж "I- mochidasu take out, carry out; run
away with; advance (one's opinion); be-
gin to have
Й Ж L hikidashi drawer; withdrawal (of
money)
ЖНЖТ omoidasu recollect, recall, re-
member
ЗйОЖ'З" haridasu project, jut out
hamidasu protrude; project
0 begin to do, start doing
IQ Ж l/Zt Ате ga furidashita It be-
gan to rain
ЙК ЖТ nigedasu make a break, run off,
make off
2181
4-5-2
► REASON
YU YO YUI yoshi Ц] yori
ffl	Jdyd-3	S5-5-0	K4519
102	A0314	03499	U7531
1	Г7	rh	&	&
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 reason (for what has happened), cause,
origin, derivation
0 be caused by, originate in, derive from, be
based on
а ЙЖ yurai origin, source, cause; history
ЙЙ1 yuisho history, lineage
ИЙ riyu reason,cause,ground
ЖЙ jiyu reason, cause, ground
b Й Й jiyu freedom
0 pass through
keiyu via, through
[kun]
[yoshi Й ] reason, ground, cause; means,
way
Й^сГ yoshinaki senseless, meaningless,
absurd
...0ЙТТ .. .no yoshi desu hear that.../It
is said that...

& 4-5-2	incorrect classification =>see D3-2-3: at 1880
4-5-2	incorrect classification/ stroke-count see В 2-3-3: ± at 1368
XL 4-5-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-2-3: at 1257
4-5-2	incorrect classification =>seeB2-1-4: at 1231
► HALF
HAN naka(ba) Щ naka
2182
4-5-3
Jdyd-2	S5-2-3	K4030
A0248	03501	U534A
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [also suffix] half, ...and a half
0 [also prefix] half (of), semi-, hemi-, demi-,
bi-
a hanbun half
zenhan (=zenpan) first half
ЙФ yahan midnight
taihan the greater part, majority
843
2181-2182
5-3
4
¥
*
Ж
тк
Ф
Ж
—ninenhan two years and a half
b Ж® hanmen profile; one side
Ж SI hangaku half price, half amount
ЖЖ hankyu hemisphere
hankei radius, semidiameter
ЖШЙ! hanseiki half a century
ЖЙХ hansode short-sleeved shirt
Ж 0 hannichi half a day
Ж Я hantsuki half a month
ЖМ hangen 50 percent reduction
Ж S' hanshin half the body, one side of the
body
Ж^ hansu half the number
00 HALFway, half-done, uncompleted
0 [also prefix] (not fully) semi-, quasi-, partly
а Ж^ЙЙ hanpana fragmentary, odd; half-
done, incomplete; noncommittal
Жд^ hanto halfway, unfinished
Ж ft hanto peninsula
Ж?ЙФ hanjukuno half-boiled; half ripe
ь Ж!Кдд hanseihin semimanufactured goods
Ж^М'Ж handotai semiconductor
ЖЖЖИ han'eikyuteki semipermanent
[KUN]
[nakaba ЖЙ] half; semi; middle, halfway
ЖЙКоТИ'Ь nakaba nemutte iru half
asleep
Я Жй£ tsukinakaba ni in the middle of
the month
2183
4-5-3
► BASIS
► BOOK
► THIS
HON moto [§ hajime
*	Joyo-1	S5-4-1	K4360
75	A0010	®3502	U672C
O0 basis, base, foundation
0 (basic funds) principal, capital
а ЖШ honkyo base, stronghold, headquarters
Ж{4 hon'i (monetary) standard; standard,
basis; original standing
ЖЖ kihon basis, foundation
ШЖИЙ bappontekina radical, drastic
8c Ж konpon basis, foundation; origin, source
МЖЗЁЙ nohonshugi "agriculture-first"
principle
b ЙЖ shihon funds, capital
ТСЖ ganpon capital, principal
00 origin, source, root, beginning
0 original, inherent, inborn
О originally, from the start
a 0 Ж nihon (=nippon) Japan
b Ж Ж honshitsu essence, reality
ЖЙь honno instinct
ЖИ hongoku one's native country, father-
land
ЖШ honba home, habitat, center
с Ж Ж honrai originally, essentially, naturally
0 the original, model, sample
ЙЖ mihon sample, specimen
Ж Ж tehon model, example, pattern
^ЖЖ shahon manuscript, written copy
00 [also suffix] (source of knowledge) book,
volume, work, magazine
0 playbook, script
а Ж Ж hon'ya bookstore; bookseller
ВтЖ tokuhon reader, reading book
^Ж ehon picture book
Ь1ХЖ binibon vinyl-covered porno maga-
zine
Mfr Ж tankobon separate volume, inde-
pendent volume
b И1Ж kyakuhon script, playbook, drama,
scenario
o'Ж daihon playbook, script, scenario
© [also prefix] this, the same, the present, in
question
Ж 0 honjitsu today
ЖЖ honnen this year
Ж1г honsho this book
ЖЙС honshi this newspaper
Ж A honnin the person himself, the said per-
son
ЖЖЖ honnendo the current fiscal year
0 [also prefix] head, main, principal
Ж pK honbu head office, headquarters, ad-
ministrative building
Ж Ж honten head [main] office [store]
Жhonsha head office, this office; head
shrine, this shrine
ЖЖ. hondo mainland; the country proper
2183
844
5-3
Ф^Ж hon'yosan main budget
Ф3£ honbun (=honmon) (main part of a
text) text, body; this sentence [passage,
article]
Ф$Й honsen main line, trunk line
00 real, true, genuine
0 [also prefix] regular, proper, formal, legal,
full-fledged
а ФФ hontai substance, thing itself; object of
worship; main part
thontono true,real,genuine
Ф SIZ honto ni really, truly, indeed
Ф4Й honmono real thing [stuff], genuine ar-
ticle; expert performance
Ф^з honmyo one's real name
Ф>С? honshin one's true mind, one's real in-
tention; one's conscience
b ФЖ honkaku fundamental rules, propriety
Ф# honban acting for the audience, take,
going on the air
0 counter for:
0 cylindrical objects, as bottles, pencils, etc.
0 rounds or points of a match (as of karate)
а Дф(7)|В^ happon no enpitsu eight pen-
cils
tf—71/12ф birunihon two bottles of beer
b -^Ф©^ ippon toru gain a point; beat,
upset
[INDEPENDENT!
[hon Ф] book, volume, work, reading
magazine
Ф^ШФ hon о dasu publish a book
[KUN]
[moto Ф]
О (the most important thing) basis, essential
thing, principle
kuninomoto foundation ofthe
country, national principles
0 counter for plants with roots
—'ф© Д hitomoto no kusa a blade of grass
IHOMOPHONESI
moto
ТЕ ORIGIN =>1226
S BASE =>1716
T DOWN =>2115
Ж ELEMENT =>1590
PERMIT =>®1470
2184
4-5-3
► LAST PART
MATSU BATSU sue
*	Jdyd-4	S5-4-1	K4386
75	A0474	®3505	U672B
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О last part, last stage, termination, end
Жmatsubi end, close
Ф?к nenmatsu end of year
М0Ж kimatsu end of term
ЖФ shumatsu weekend
Йтк ketsumatsu termination, end, close,
conclusion
shimatsu management, dealing, dis-
posal; circumstances; result, outcome
0 last in time, terminal, final
Ж 0 matsujitsu last day
ткйй makki closing years, final stage
ЖЖ1&9 makkiteki decadent; terminal
(patient)
ткЙ matsuyo end [close] of an epoch; de-
scendant
ткМЗ matsugo hour of death, one's last mo-
ments
Ж1Й matsuro last days; fate
0 last in importance, trivial, insignificant
ткй5 massetsu minor details, nonessentials
somatsuna coarse, crude, inferior,
humble
фтк honmatsu root and branch, means and
end
0 end, tip
ткй mattan end, tip, termination
massho tip, end; tip of a twig; anat pe-
riphery
ЙШтк tanmatsu terminal
0 powder
$)тк funmatsu powder
[kun]
[sue Ф 1 last part, last stage, termination,
end
sangatsu no sue end of March
lit fra giron no sue ni after a heated
discussion

845
2184
5-3
[***>**]
suekko youngest child
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with A not YET =>2185
2185
4-5-3
► NOT YET
Ml ima(da)A ma(da)A
ж	J6yd-4	S5-4-1	K4404
75	B0638	®3506	U672A
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [also prefix] not yet, un- (as in unpublished)
A'® miman less than
AS mirai future
miren lingering affection, reluctance to
give up
АзпЕЙс mikansei incompletion
michino unknown
mikanno unpublished
АЙЕ0 miteino undecided, pending
miharaino unpaid
AWf0 mikonno unmarried
miseinenno minor, underage
tKIRO mikaino primitive, uncivilized; sav-
age
mizen ni before it happens, before-
hand, previously
zendaimimon no unheard-of,
unprecedented
[kun]
[imada ATc] yet, as yet, never; up to now
imada katsute
nai idaina hito the greatest man that
ever lived
[mada АУс] (not) yet, still; more, besides
STV0 Kare wa mada kite
inai He has not come yet
[NOTE]
★do not confuse with A LAST PART =>2184
2186
4-5-3
► REPORT
► SPEAK HUMBLY
SHIN md(su) md(shi)- Ц] nobu
ffl	Jdyd-3	S5-5-0	K3129
102	B0527	®3507	U7533
1	2
[COMPOUNDS!
О report (to a superior), state, submit a
report
Ф cf shinkoku report, statement, notification
_L Ф joshin suru report (to a superior
official)
izF tdshin suru submit a report [reply]
|*J Ф naishin unofficial report
яйФ tsuishin postscript
© apply, appeal
ФЙ shinsei application, petition, request
[KUN]
[rnosu ФТ] [humble]
0 speak humbly, say, tell, speak of, talk
about
0 state humbly, declare, affirm, assert
a	Ф LTAOAS Shujinmosb
moshite orimasu My husband also says
so
b Ф	mdshinoberu state, mention,
tell
Ф LIR mdshiwake excuse, apology, expla-
nation
Ф	moshiwakenai lam
sorry/Excuse me
Ф L SR W 0 Ait A; moshiwakearimasen I
am very sorry/Please excuse me
Ф L 0 V mbshibun no nai perfect,
impeccable
Ф	moshiageru tell, say, speak
humbly; (have the honor to) do
[moshi- Ф L-] apply, appeal
Ф LlZst? moshikomu apply, make an appli-
cation; make a proposal
Ф LjAA mdshikomi application; proposal,
request
Ф mdshideru offer; propose; apply;
report
2185-2186
846
5-4
Ж
incorrect classification
=>see E1-2-3: 7 at 0024
4-5-3
► CENTER
0 Щ hiro hiroshi naka chika teru
о
2187
4-5-4
X	Jdyd-4	S5-3-2	K1791
37	B0617	®3509	U592E
1	2	3	4	5
ICOMPOUNDSI
 [original meaning] center, middle
ФЖ child center
ИЖ shin’d epicenter (of an earthquake)
chuosen Chuo Line (central railway
line in Tokyo)
1МЖ doo central Hokkaido
► HISTORY
SHI Ц] fumi hisashi aya hito chika
2188
4-5-4
□	Jdyd-4	S5-3-2	K2743
30	B0504	<8>3510	U53F2
1	T~7	C=7	Ж	
IcompoundsI
* [also suffix] history, chronicles; history book
ЖМ shiryo historical materials [records]
5ЁЙ shisho history book
5&Й* shiseki historic spot [remains]
shigakusha historian
Ж Jt Ж ffil & JRLV shijo ni rei о minai be
unparalleled in history
ИЖ rekishi history
sekaishi world history
H ФЖ nihonshi Japanese history
IcompoundsI
О lose, miss
ЖЖЖ-b shitsugyd suru be out of work, lose
one's job
Ж fl-. shitsurei impoliteness, rudeness; bad
manners; I beg your pardon/Good-by
ЖШЖ-Ь shitsubosuru be disappointed,
lose hope
^&Ж funshitsu loss
ЖЖ soshitsu loss, forfeit
жЖТ& ishitsusuru lose, leave behind
00 slip (up), make a slip, make a mistake
0 slip, oversight, mistake, error
a ЖЖ shitsugen slip of the tongue
ЖЖ’Ж'Ь shisshosuru burst out laughing
ЖЖ shissaku blunder, slip, error
Ж1Й shippai failure, mistake
b ill Ж kashitsu error, fault, mistake; negli-
gence
[KUN]
[ushinau Ж 6 ] lose, miss, be deprived of
ЖЖ'Э miushinau lose sight of
ИШ^Жз ryoshin о ushinau be bereft of
one's parents
 4-5-4
4-5-4

incorrect classification/
stroke-count
=>seeB2-1-3: at 1228
incorrect classification
=>seeH2-1-4: at 1230
incorrect classification
see □ 3-3-2: Ж at 1923
incorrect classification
=>see Б1-1-4: > at 0006
2189
4-5-4
► LOSE
► SLIP
SHITSU ushina(u)
*	Jdyd-4	S5-3-2	K2826
37	A0484	03511	U5931
 4-5-4
incorrect classification
=>see 4-5-2 at 2178
847
2187-2189
5-4

incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-2-3: Г at 1885
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-3: at 1267
2190
4-6-1
► EAR
JI mimi
ж	Joyo-1	S6-6-0	K2810
128	C1286	®3516	U8033
ryogawa both sides
WEt ryoin both Houses
ryote both hands
iWUJ rydyd dual use
WS! ryoshin parents
Wffi ryoyu two great men
0 vehicle, railway car
ЖМ sharyo vehicle, car; rolling stock
© ryo: former monetary unit equiv. to 4 kan
(Ж)
Wlif ryogae money changing, exchange of
money
i‘[®j jdryd Wryo
* [original meaning] ear
M H jimoku eyes and ears; one's attention
J=f ДР@ХР(^Х jibi-inko nose, ear, and throat
jibika otorhinology
chujien otitis media; tympanitis
gaiji external ear, concha
[KUN]
[mimi M J
0 EAR
0 hearing
a MtcT" mimimoto de close to one's ears
МРд Ю mimizawari na offensive to the
ear, rough, rasping
ZnM hidarimimi left ear
M*M katamimi one ear
b МЖ 0 Z£ mimiyorina welcome (news)
hatsumimi something heard of for the
first time
► BOTH
RYO Ц] того
2191	—	Joyo-3	S6-1-5	K4630
4-6-1	P	A0317	®3518	U4E21
.1
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] both, two
ryoho both
f ►ANOTHER TIME
SAI SA futata(bi)
2192	П	Joyo-5	S6-2-4	K2638
4-6-1	13	A0315	®3519	U518D
J пД'ЯМ.
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] another time, re-, again, a
second time, another
saido another time, a second time
SIH! saikai reopening, resumption
sairai return, second coming; Second
Advent
saigensuru reenact, reproduce
wa saisan again and again, repeatedly
SIR- saikb revival, restoration
ДЖ saisei reclamation; regeneration, resus-
citation; playback
WpTI® saiteiban second revised edition
W® saikon remarriage, second marriage
saikento reexamination, restudying
0 [prefix] after next
saraishO the week after next
НЖЯ saraigetsu the month after next
МЖЖ sarainen the year after next
[KUN]
[futatabi M££] again, twice, a second time,
once more
futatabiyomu read again, reread
2190-2192
848
6-1
2193
4-6-1
► WEST
SEI SAI nishi (Ц iri
	Jdyd-2	S6-6-0	K3230
146	A0252	03520	U897F
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 west, western
0 the west, the Occident; Western
a SnK seibu western part; the West
ЙЙЕ seikei west longitude
ШФФА seiydjin Westerner
kansai Kansai district
MS tdzai east and west
4ES hokusei northwest
b Sl4fc se/o West Europe, the Occident
S® seireki Christian Era, A.D.
[kun]
[nishi S] [also prefix] west, western
SfflO nishigawa west side; west European
countries and America
S¥^< nishihankyu Western Hemisphere
Sl®^ nishijin'ori Nishijin brocade
ISPECIAL READINGS]
SHU* suika watermelon
2194
4-6-1
► DIE
SHI shi(nu) shi(ni)-
У	Jdyd-3	S6-4-2	K2764
78	A0294	©3521	U6B7B
ICOMPOUNDSl
O0 [original meaning] DIE, perish, come to an
end
G [also suffix] death, demise
0 [original meaning] dead body, corpse
a ^Et shibo death
^EfflJ shikei capital punishment, death pen-
alty
^EQc shigo after one's death
^EA shikyo death, passing away
b Ъ senshisuru die in battle
ЙР^Е sokushi instant death, death on the spot
tS^E shoshi death by fire
ФШ^Е chudokushi death from poisoning
с 5Е{Ф shitai corpse
?E A shinin dead person, corpse
© struggle to the death, desperation
^Еур*3"Ъ shishu suru defend to the last, de-
fend desperately
i&^E IZ hisshi ni for one's dear life, desper-
ately
IINDEPENDENTl
[shi ^E] death
^E^^tnA %) shi о kakugo suru be ready
to die
[KUN]
[shinu ^E^] die, pass away
^Eifo Wc Z) shinu made tatakau fight to
the last [death]
[shini- ^E [also verbal prefix] dying, death
5EJ3^6A-S shinitaeru die out, become ex-
tinct
^E^^ shinigane wasted money, idle capital
^Е^^ЙЙ^Т? shinimonoguruide desper-
ately, frantically

I-2-»'	incorrect classification tl	=>see В2-2-4: at 1279  4-6-1	
yj5*	incorrect classification =>see B2-5-1: zfc at 1612 4-6-1	
incorrect classification TH	=>see H2-3-3: & at 1370 4-6-1	
/>7*	incorrect classification И-J	=>see B2-3-3: 37 at 1371 4-6-1	
4-	incorrect stroke-count =>see И4-5-1 at 2170 6-1
incorrect stroke-count
=>see И4-5-1 at 2174
4-6-1
849
2193-2194
6-2
Ift.
Й
u—4
4----------------------------------
r k SELF
JI SHI mizuka(ra) ono(zukara)A
2195		Joyb-2	S6-6-0	K2811
4-6-2	132	A0017	®3525	U81EA
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 [also prefix] self, oneself
© one's own, one's
о t Я jibun self, oneself
1=] EL jiko oneself, self, ego
Й # jishin self, oneself; itself
jishin self-confidence
jisatsu suicide
Й jikyd (voluntary) confession
Й Ш jiei self-defense, self-protection
Й ft jiman pride, self-praise, vanity
§ la jishu self-study, self-teaching
fi'iaO jiei no independent, self-employed
Й jimon suru question oneself
jieigyd self-employment
© dokuji no original; personal, individ-
ual
b jitaku one's house, one's home
Й ffl jikoku one's own country
0 by itself, naturally, spontaneously
Й shizen nature
|=I$UC1 shizen ni naturally, instinctively
Й shizen-kagaku natural science
ЙЮЖ jidosha automobile
ЙК jiten rotation (of the earth)
jihatsuteki spontaneous, voluntary
Й2ЁИ jishuteki independent, autonomous;
active
§	jitensha bicycle
§	jimei no self-evident, obvious
0 as one pleases
§ Й jiyu freedom
Й ffi jizai ni freely, unrestrictedly, at will
ЙJ® jiteki easy and comfortable living
[KUN]
[mizukara II b ] oneself
§ b <Z) mizukara no one's own, personal
[onozukara Й ТД* в ] naturally, by itself,
spontaneously
Й 6 ВД onozukara akiraka na
self-evident
ISPECIAL READINGS]
§ yake desperation
Й	unuboreru be vain, be conceited
Й unubore self-conceit, vanity
О [also suffix] [original meaning] blood
iflli® ketsueki blood
ifnW kekkan bloodvessel
ifuEE ketsuatsu blood pressure
SRjfil kenketsu blood donation
Mlftl hinketsu anemia
ttjlfll shukketsu bleeding; hemorrhage; sacri-
fice
0 blood (relation), lineage
ketsuzoku blood relative
ifll&t kettd lineage, blood, bloodline
konketsu mixed-blood, racial mixture
[KUN]
[chi Й1] BLOOD
ifiliS chimanako bloodshot eye
chimamire no bloodstained,
bloody
Mlfil hanaji nosebleed
	
	
2197
4-6-2
► MUSICAL COMPOSITION
► CURVE
KYOKU ma(garu) ma(geru)
® magari kuma
H	Jdyd-3	S6-4-2	K2242
73	B0718	®3527	U66F2
1 П/7 jttl Й
1	2	3	4	5	6
2195-2197
850
6-3
[COMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] musical composition, (piece of)
music, melody, tune, song
Й1^ kyokuchd melody, tune
ftffi kyokusetsu tune, air
Й^п kyokumei title of a musical composition
[song]
Й @ kyokumoku number; program, selec-
tion (for a concert)
5ЙЙ gakkyoku musical piece, composition,
tune
sakkyoku composition
ШЙ henkyoku arrangement (of a melody)
Й meikyoku excellent [exquisite] piece of
music, famous tune
1ЛЙ shinkyoku new musical composition,
new tune [song]
|?Й bukyoku dance music, music and danc-
ing
® Й gikyoku drama, play
И^пШЙ kaydkyoku popular song
Й kokyokyoku symphony
00 curve, bend
Ф cuRVEd, bent
а	kyokusetsu suru bend, wind;
zigzag
7$Й wankyoku curve, crook, bend
enkyokuna roundabout, indirect;
euphemistic
b ЙЙ kyokusen curve, curved line
Й1? kyokuкап curved pipe, siphon
[INDEPENDENT!
[ kyoku Й J musical composition, (piece
of) music, melody, tune, song
Й	kyoku о tsukeru write music for
a song
[kun]
[magaru Й^'<5] vibend, curve; warp, get
crooked; turn (to the left)
Й/^W magari curvature, warp
ЙД* 0	magarikuneru turn and twist,
zigzag
Й/О^ОЙ magarikado street corner, turning
ЙЕ Йhidari ni magaru turn to the
left
[mageru	bend, curve
ЙМ* mage bending, flexure
magemono round chip [bent wood]
box
incorrect classification
=>see И 2-2-4;/- at 1282
2198
4-6-3
► RICE

► AMERICA
BEI MAI kome yonev
ж	Jdyd-2	S6-6-0	K4238
119	A0070	®3529	U7C73
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] RICE
Ж lx beikoku rice
ЖЛ beika price of rice
Ж№ beisaku rice crop
Ж® beihan cooked rice
£Ж genmai unpolished rice
^ЙЖ seimai rice polishing; polished [white]
rice
^$Ж gaimai foreign [imported] rice
5ЖЖ haikyumai rationed rice
1ЛЖЖ niigatamai Niigata rice
00 America, United States; American
© continent of AMERICA
а Ж И beikoku U.S.A.
ЖЖ beigun American armed forces
ЖЖ beika American currency, U.S. dollar
H Ж nichibei Japan and U.S.
b ?ЖЖ tobei going to America
®СЖ obei Europe and America
ЖЖ nanbei South America
[KUN]
[коте Ж1 rice
Ж'ЙА kometsubu grain of rice
ЖЖ komedawara (straw) rice bag
ЖИ1 komeya rice merchant
851
2198
6-3

2199
4-6-3
► INSECT
CHU mushi
	Joyo-1	S6-6-0	K3578
142	C1334	®3530	U866B
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [also suffix] insect, worm, bug
ЙЯЖ churui insects and worms
ЙаШ chugai insect damage
fbli chusui appendix
ЛьЙЗ. konchu insect
Й/£ЁЙ]Ю bochukakdno mothproof
satchuzai insecticide, vermicide
ЖЙ1ЙЯ kiseichu parasite
[kun]
[mushi
О [also suffix] insect, worm; bug; roundworm
ЙЯТ L mushikudashi vermifuge, anthelmin-
tic
< mushi да tsuku become vermin-
ous; begin to keep bad company; have
an (unfavorable) lover
kemushi hairy caterpillar
ЙЙЗ, aburamushi cockroach
О worm-eaten; in an unfavorable condition
mushiba decayed tooth
/КЙа mizumushi athlete's foot, dermatophy-
tosis
О [also suffix] belittling term indicating a nega-
tive quality in a person
yowamushi weakling
МсГЙа nakimushi blubberer, crybaby
2200
4-6-3
► VERMILION
SHU akev Ц] ju aka
*	Joyo	S6-4-2	K2875
75	D1770	®3531	U6731
ICOMPOUNDSI
• VERMILION, red
shugan flushed face
shuiro vermilion, Chinese red
shuniku red ink pad
^fellr'TЪ shushosuru write in red
IHOMOPHONESI
ake SCARLET =>0925
4-6-3	incorrect classification =>see H 2-2-4;/- at 1284
4-6-3	incorrect classification =>see H2-3-3: — at 1383
2201
4-6-4
► OFFICIAL
Rl
□	Joyo	S6-3-3	K4589
30	D2467	®3536	U540F
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [also suffix] [original meaning] official, officer
Wifi kanri government official
kori public official
zeikanri customs officer
2202
4-6-4
► FORM
► ACHIEVE
SEI JO na(ru) na(su) -na(su)
Hl nari shige masa minoru
	Jdyd-4	S6-4-2	K3214
62	A0128	®3537	U6210
O0 [original meaning] (become formed) form,
constitute, be completed, come into exis-
tence
© (give form to) form, make, create, bring to
completion
G established, existing, completed
а seibun ingredient, component,
constituent
2199-2202
852
ЙсмХ-6 seiritsusuru come into existence,
materialize; be formed, be organized; be
concluded
^ЙсЙ-^ keiseisuru form, make up, mold
seisei-bunpd generative grammar
Ь^лЕЙсТГ-Ь kanseisuru complete, finish; be
completed, be finished
□‘ЙсЙ’^) goseisuru compose, compound,
synthesize
henseisuru form, compose, com-
pile
ЖЙс'Т^ kesseisuru form, organize
ШЙс kdsei composition, construction, forma-
tion, organization
с ЙсХ1 seiku set phrase
8ЕЙС0 kiseino established, existing
0 achieve, attain, accomplish, succeed
ЙсЙТГЪ seiko suru succeed, be successful
Й£Ж seika result, fruit, outcome
ЙС/Ж seiseki results, record, achievement
joju suru accomplish, achieve, at-
tain
Йс{ДЙ~Ъ jobutsu suru enter Nirvana, attain
Buddhahood;die
ЙсЖ seisan prospects of success
00 grow up, mature
0 fully grown, adult
а	seichosuru grow up
Йс^А seijuku maturity, ripeness, full growth
Йс ^ГЙ-^ seiikusuru grow (up), be brought
up
ЙЙсЙ"Ъ yoseisuru train, educate, bring up
DE ЙсЙ^д CD	sokusei-saibai no yasai
forced vegetables
b JifcK seijin adult, grownup
Йс5Ь seichu imago, adult (insect)
ЙС^Ё seinen full [adult] age
0 acceptable
ЙЙсЙ-^ sanseisuru approve of, agree,
support
[KUN]
[naru Йс<5 ]
О be accomplished, succeed, be attained,
materialize
ЙС <5^ < narubeku as.. .as possible, if pos-
sible
Йс JU naruhodo I see, really, indeed
Х-Ю^Йсо tc Koji ga natta The work was
6-4 
finished
АТЙсоХйИ таги de natte nai not
good at all
0 form, constitute, consist of, be composed
of
Йс 0 naritatsu consist of; be realized,
be concluded, materialize
Йс D nariyuki course [turn] of events,
issue
fl	ЬЙС'б iinkaiwagonin
kara naru The committee consists of
five members
[nasu ЙсТ]
О form, make, constitute
H -^ЙсЙ" en о nasu form a circle
ШЙсХ yamanasu mountainlike, a mountain
of
0 achieve, accomplish, succeed
ЙсЛ^ЖЛХ nashitogeru complete, carry
out, accomplish
ЙсТ na о nasu make a name, become
famous
[-nasu -ЙсТ] [verbal suffix] perform an action
deliberately
Ш D ЙсХ torinasu mediate, intercede; rec-
ommend
Jvf XЙсЙ" motenasu entertain, show hospi-
tality
IHOMQPHONESI

naru
DO =>®3577
£ L|FE =>@3497
nasu
DO ^>2225
£ LIFE =><8)3497
2203
4-6-4
► SMALL BOAT
SHU fune funa- -bune
fl-	Joyo	S6-6-0	K2914
137	D1667	<93538	U821F
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 [original meaning] (small) boat, ship
shutei boat, craft
Jfrff shuko navigation, going by ship
853
2203
 6-4
shuun transportation by water
тЯЙИЯ* goetsu-ddshu bitter enemies in
the same boat
£ [KUN]
ДЙ [fune small boat [craft], (row)boat
Й* /ЬЛ* kobune small craft
[funa- Й*-] [also prefix] small boat
Й ЖЙ сГШ funatsukiba wharf
Я*Л funabito sailor
funadaiku boatbuilder
[-bune -Я*] [also suffix] SMALL BOAT
* Й ty Й* tsuribune fishing boat
Йх L Я* watashibune ferryboat
IHOMOPHONESI
fune
Ю SHIP =>0906
fl TANK =>®1067
funa- Йй SHIP =>0906
-bune ЙЙ SHIP =>0906
[note]
★do not confuse with Я* cinnabar =>2147
4-6-4	incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>see □ 3-4-3: at 2044
l^j	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-4-2: ft at 2042
4-6-4	
	incorrect classification =>seeB2-4-2: at 1553
4-6-4	
	incorrect classification =^see И2-3-3: Л at 1379
4-6-4	
	incorrect classification 1 =>see □ 3-4-2:	at 2039
4-6-4	
► SUB-
► PHONETIC [a]
A
2204
4-7-1
Joyo	S7-2-5	K1601
C1344	03540	U4E9C
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also prefix] sub-, subordinate
anettai subtropics
3&Й ama flax
3Ein aen zinc
© used PHONETically for a, esp. in the translit-
eration of foreign place names
amerika America
© Asia
Ж 31 toa East Asia
[INDEPENDENT!
[a 31] Asia
2205
4-7-1
► RENEW
KO sara sara(ni) fu(keru)
fu(kasu) Ц] fuke
H	Joyo	S7-4-3	K2525
73	B0885	®3541	U66F4
1
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
ICOMPOUNDSl
0 renew, replace, change, alter
© change, exchange, alternate
a ЖйЕ'Ж'?) kdshinsuru renew, renovate,
innovate
ЖЗ& kokai renewal, renovation
Ж IE kosei correction, revision, rectification
Ж ЗЕ kdsei rebirth, rehabilitation; recycling
Ж'^С'Ж^Ь koisuru change one's clothes
^Ж'Т'Ь henkosuru alter, change, modify,
shift
b ЖЙ kotetsu reshuffle, change, exchanging
places
[kun]
[sara Ж1 literary of course, naturally; [in com-
pounds] furthermore, moreover; still more
[nJЖ naosara still more, all the more
^7 Ж imasara now, after so long a time
'ЖЖ manzara (not) wholly, (not) altogether
[sarani Ж J furthermore, moreover; still
more
Ж [E —‘	Ж saraniippoоsusumeru
2204-2205
854
7-3
go a step further
[fukeru Ж vi grow late, advance, wear
on
?АЖН"~С akifukete late in autumn
[fukasu Ж^Т] vt sit up till late (at night)
ЙЖ/0^ L yofukashi sitting up late at night,
keeping late hours
► COUNTRYSIDE
► LEAGUE
Rl sato
2206
4-7-1
ж	Joyo-2	S7-7-0	K4604
166	B0972	<8)3542	U91CC
1
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
О countryside, country, rural district
МЖ kydri one's old home, native place
© hamlet, village
Ж A rijin villagers, countryfolk
© (former unit of distance) league, mile, ri
Жйе ritei mileage
Й5Ж kairi nautical mile
^ЖШ ichirizuka milepost, milestone
[KUN]
[sato Ж] hamlet, village
Ж¥ satoimo taro
It Ж murazato village
ЖЖ furusato hometown, birthplace
ill Ж yamazato mountain hamlet [village]
IHOMOPHONESI
sato Ж HOMETOWN =>0403
2207
4-7-1
► THE BIRD
YU tori Ц] naga minoru
w	Names	S7-7-0	K3851
164	D2448	®3544	U9149
[kun]
[tori Ш] tenth sign of the Oriental zodiac: the
BIRD
toridoshi Year of the Bird
tl Oj tori no hogaku west
HfCOrfT tori no ichi "Bird Day"
IHOMOPHONESI
tori
Ш BIRD =>2083
Й CHICKEN =>®1768

4-7-1	incorrect classification =>see H2-3-4: A at 1395
4-7-1	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-4-3: Ж at 2045
4-7-1	incorrect classification =>seeH 2-3-4: □ at 1385
4-7-1	incorrect classification/ stroke-count ^seeEl-1-7: 7 at 0007
2208
4-7-3
► SELF
GA ware wa wa(ga)- waga-
-%	Joyd-6	S7-4-3	K1870
62	B0915	®3548	U6211
ICOMPOUNDSI
O0 self, one's own self
© ego, self
a gaman patience, endurance; self-
restraint
garyu self-taught method, one's own
way
b @8 jiga self,ego
muga self-effacement; Buddhism nonself,
nonego
© SELFishness, egotism
gayoku selfishness
gari one's own interests, self-interest
gashCi egoistic attachment, egotism
© used phonetically for да
кеда injury, wound; accident
[KUN]
[ware Ш
855
2206-2208
 7-3
4-------------------------------------------
О oneself, self, ego
b'T' wareshirazu in spite of oneself,
unconsciously
ft 01; we
ft ft wareware we
[wa 3&] [archaic] I
[waga- ft/^-, ft-] literary my; our
ft^W wagahai I
ft^fflT wagamama selfishness, willfulness
-±- ft^B3 wagakuni our country, Japan
„ ft/^'Ж wagaya one's home [house]
IHOMOPHONESI
ware M I =>1558
waga- HF I =>1558
► BARELY
HO FU haji(mete) Щ hajime suke
moto toshi ura tasuku nami
2209
4-7-3
ffl	Names	S7-5-2	K4267
101	D2250	03549	U752B
[KUN]
[ hajimete Ж literary barely, just
Wagayowai
wa hajimete kokonotsu naru ni I was
barely nine years old
IHOMOPHONESI
hajimete
W FIRST =>0759
BEGIN =>0211
2210
4-7-3
► SEEK
KYU moto(meru) Ц] moto
motomu
	Jdyd-4	S7-5-2	K2165
85	A0245	03550	U6C42
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (go in search of) seek (for), search, pursue;
wish for, desire
kyQjin job offer
лКЙ kyushoku seeking employment
АЖ kyudo(=gudd) seeking fortruth; seek-
ing for enlightenment
tankyu suru investigate, search
(for), pursue
tsuikyu pursuit
уоккуй want(s), desire, wish
0 (ask for) seek, request, demand
куйкоп proposal of marriage
kyukeisuru demand a sentence
(for the accused)
yokyusuru require, demand, re-
quest
sei куй demand, request, claim
[KUN]
[motomeru (go in search of) seek
(for), search, pursue; wish for, desire
л|<г£) motome request, appeal, claim, de-
mand
jB И ft Ф Ъ oimotomeru seek after, pursue
^-te^ft^X kofuku о motomete in
search [pursuit] of happiness
2211
4-7-3
► COME
RAI ku(ru) kita(ru) kita(su)
	Joyo-2	S7-4-3	K4572
75л	A0130	©3551	U6765
O0 come, come to
0 come from, derive
а Ж8Й raihd visit, call
ft 0 rainichi coming to Japan
ft?r raikyaku visitor, guest
SI ft ft & toraisuru come, arrive
feftftЪ denraisuru be transmitted, be im-
ported
SSftO hakuraino imported, foreign-made
ft ft О zairaino ordinary, common, usual
ft ft drai come-and-go, traffic; road, street
b Sft yurai origin, source, cause; history
00 the coming, the following, the next
0 coming generations, the future
rainen next year
ftЖ raishu next week
ft^S0 raigakki next school term
Ь Aft mirai future
2209-2211
856
shorai future; in the future
0 [also suffix] since, as of, from
ЁАЖ irai as of, since then, from that time on
juraiwa hitherto, so far
honrai originally, essentially, naturally
ё!зЖ korai from ancient times
sakunenrai since last year
[kun]
[kuru Ж <5 J
O0 come (over), come near, arrive
0 come to see, call on, visit
0 (seasons) come (round), set in
0 come from, derive from, be due to
а 'Ж о "Ofe-?) kaettekuru come back, return
yattekuru come (along), turn
up
b	Mata asobi ni kite
kudasai Come and see me again
c	Harugakita Spring has come
girishagokara
kita kotoba word derived from Greek
00 [auxiliary following the TE-form] come to be,
become, grow
0 [in the form of tekita] auxiliary
indicating present perfect progressive
a	Atatakaku natte kita
It's getting warmer
Hidoku
shisso na seikatsu о okutte kita \Ne
have been living in the simplest way
[kitaru Se-6] come, arrive
^7 ।J > Ь	Kurinton daitoryd
kitaru President Clinton Arrives
[kitasu ] bring about, cause, give rise
to; result in
ЖЖ hatan о kitasu fail, be ruined;
go bankrupt
7-3 
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix] any wheeled vehicle:
0 [original meaning] vehicle, cart, wagon
0 motor vehicle, car, automobile
0 railway car, train
а ЖЖ basha horse-drawn carriage, coach,
wagon
ЛЛЖ jinrikisha rickshaw, man-pulled cart
аЬ^Ж sensha tank; chariot
b Ж Ж shado road, roadway
ЖЖ tansha motorcycle, motorbike
Й1ЙЖ jidosha automobile
St Ж chusha parking
ЙЖЖ kyukyusha ambulance
be ЖЖ sharyo vehicle, car; rolling stock
ЖЛ shanai inside a vehicle (as a car or train)
ТЖТgesha suru alight, get off
{?Ж teisha stoppage (of a vehicle)
с ШЖ densha train, electric train, trolley
ЯЖ ressha (railway) train
^Ж kyakusha passenger car
Й1ЯЖ kikansha locomotive
0 WHEEL
Жйн sharin wheel
ТХЖ suisha water wheel
ft Ж hakusha spur, rowel spur
[kun]
[kuruma Ж J wheel, caster; wheeled vehicle,
esp. cars or taxis
ЖЖ kazaguruma (=fusha) windmill; pin-
wheel
Ж^яГЖ kurumaisu wheelchair
Ж®^ kurumayoi car sickness
^Ж niguruma cart, wagon
ISPECIAL READINGS]
illЖ dashi festival car, float
2212
4-7-3
► VEHICLE
► WHEEL
SHA kuruma
ж	Jdyd-1	S7-7-0	K2854
159	A0250	©3552	U8ECA
► BODY
► ONE'S PERSON
SHIN mi
2213 4-7-3	158	Jdyo-3	S7-7-0	K3140
		A0336	03553	U8EAB
a
ж
Ж
Ж
Ж
ж
ж
857
2212-2213
7-3
4 ~ ........-------------------------------------
IcompoundsI
О (material) body, human body (esp. vs.
77 mind), one's person, the flesh
3*	Й^	shintai body
Ж	ЙЛ	shincho stature, height
Ж ЙЙНз shinshosha physically handicapped
t|7	person, disabled person
jjj-	^Й	zenshin the whole body
'L/Й	shinshin mind and body
_	shoshin burning oneself (to death), self-
Ж	immolation
З.Й	henshin transformation, metamorphosis
0 one's person, one's own person, oneself,
self
Й?2 shinpen one's person, one's immediate
surroundings
Й Й jishin self, oneself; itself
ШЙЙЙ shusshinchi one's native place
Й1Й dokushin single life; celibacy
ЖЙ tanshin alone, by oneself, unaccompa-
nied
til Й zenshin one's former self, one's past life;
predecessor
ЙЙ hoshin self-protection
ЙЙЙ kenshin self-sacrifice, devotion
0 social status, social standing
ЙК1 shindai fortune, one's property
иЙТЪ risshinsuru establish oneself in life
ЖЙ shoshin humble position
[kun]
[mi Й]
О BODY, one's person
Й^^Н*^ minitsukeru put on, wear
Й0® minomawari one's person, one's
appearance
Й6& migaruna light, agile, nimble
ЙЯ^ minari dress, clothing; one's appearance
ЙНЙ hosomi slender figure; narrow blade
0 body or main part of a thing
Ф Й nakami content, substance; interior
МЙ kimi yolk, vitellus
© one's person, one's own person, oneself,
self
Й0_Ь minoue one's career, one's condition,
one's fortune
Й1ЙХ£ mijikana near oneself, close to one,
familiar
Й7Е mimoto one's birth, one's identity, one's
background
ЙЖ*Э miyori relative, relation, kinsfolk
Йёс W minage suicide by drowning or jump-
ing from a high place
ЙЙ migara one's person; social standing
Й^Ж migatte selfishness, egoism, egotism
0 (one's) social status, one's station in life;
one's position
ЙО$§ minohodo one's social position, one's
own place
Й5^ mibun social position [standing]; cir-
cumstances; rank, identity
0 meat, flesh
Ф0Й sashimi sashimi, sliced raw flesh (esp. of
fish)
2214
4-7-3
► TIE UP
► BUNDLE
SOKU taba taba(neru) tsuka*
ж	Joyo-4	S7-4-3	K3411
75	B0973	03554	U675F
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
0 [original meaning] tie up (in a bundle), bundle,
bind
0 (restrict the freedom of) tie (a person) up,
restrain, bind
а Ж18 sokuhatsu bundled hair, hair done up in
a bun
Жш sokutai old ceremonial court dress
£ Ж shozoku costume, attire
b Ж^Ж-Ь sokubakusuru restrain, restrict,
bind, fetter
$9ЖЖ<5 yakusokusuru promise, vow,
pledge
ЙЖ kosoku restriction, restraint, binding
МЖЖ<6 kessokusuru band together, unite
[kun]
[taba Ж] bundle, bunch, batch, sheaf;
counter for bundles
Ж T taba ni natte in a bunch; in a
group
ЖЖ hanataba bunch of flowers
ЯЖ satsutaba bundle of (bank) notes, wad
of bills
2214
858
7-4
^Ж“Н Н hitotaba jiien 10 yen a bundle
[tabaneru Ж^<5] tie up in a bundle, bun-
dle
Ж£Э1 tabane bundle; management
[tsuka Ж1 hand breadth
Ж^ЯЯ tsukanoma brief space of time, mo-
ment
IHOMOPHONESI
tsuka CHARACTER =>®897
4-7-3
2215
4-7-4
incorrect classification
=>see B2-2-5: '' at 1291
► LONGEVITY
► CONGRATULATIONS
JU SUA kotobuki [Ц toshi hisa
hisashi yasushi
	Joyo	S7-3-4	K2887
41A	C1255	03557	U5BFF
—						
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] longevity, long life, old
age
if^sA jurojin God of Longevity
ЛЬ A choju long life, longevity
0 life span, age, natural life
jumyo life span
A HF tenju one's natural life span
© used phonetically for su
sushi sushi (raw fish and vinegared rice)
[KUN]
[kotobuki HF] congratulations, felicita-
tion, celebration, greetings
shinnen no kotobuki New Year's
greetings
2216
4-7-4
► GOOD
RYO yo(i) -yo(i) i(i)A Ц] yoshi
naga tsukasa makoto
в	Jdyd-4	S7-6-1	K4641
138	A0493	03558	U826F
1	2	3	4	5	6
ICOMPOUNDSl
О (having positive qualities) good, fine, favor-
able, excellent
MSFA ryokdna good, fine, excellent, favor-
able
ДЖО rydshitsuno of fine quality, superior
MS ryohi good or bad, quality
ryodotai good conductor
ЖЙО sairydno best, superfine, most excel-
lent
ffiMA уйгубпа superior,excellent
kairyosuru improve, reform, make
better
Й!Йпп junrydhin genuine article
'FM furyo badness, inferiority; delinquency;
juvenile delinquent
0 (having good character or moral excellence)
good, good-natured, virtuous
M'C? rydshin conscience
rydshiki good sense
if MA zenryona good, virtuous
[independent!
[губ Д] (school mark) good, В
О ЙсЖ M о Sugaku no seiseki
wa ryo datta I got a В in math
[KUN]
[yoi ДН]
O0 good, fine, nice, pleasant, excellent
© GOOD-looking, handsome, beautiful,
pretty
Q good for (one's health), beneficial
a yosa merit, virtue, good quality, good
point
Д < yoku well, right(ly), thoroughly, skillfully,
carefully, closely; much, usually, often
Ж АЖ yoitenki fine [fair] weather
ЙААсЬ yokattara if you like
МА/ЯЙ H kibun gayoi feel good
[pleasant]
ЬЙНЯ yoiotoko handsome man
с Ж V kenko niyoi be good for the
health
© suitable, proper, fitting; useful
ТЗс Ж И Bvf (Cl chodo yoi toki ni just at the
right moment

859
2215-2216
Z tlT' Д V	Kore deyoika Will this do?
О intimate, friendly
{ФДЬ nakayoshi intimacy, familiar terms;
bosom friend
Д O0 preferable, better
0 I wish, I hope
a S & Z Zi V Z^'Д 0 Kimi wa
koko ni inai ho gayoi You had better
not stay here
b Й W’TX tlTt)ДЙ^О^0(С Tasukete
kurete mo yokatta no ni You might
have helped me
к л 0 [following the TE-form of verbs]
0 may, can, be allowed
0 need not (do), do not have to
a AsTt) ЙH Haittemoyoi You may enter
b	A “С Д 0 Kimi wa ikanakute
yoi You need not go
[-yoi - Д 0 ] [verbal suffix] easy
й7С^Д0 yomiyoi easy to read
[ii Д0] colloquial form of yoi Д0
Д 0	Ii kimi da Serves you right!
Д V & Iidesu ka Is it all right?/You see?
ЬТД0ТГ^ Kuruma о
okari shite ii desu ka May I use your
car?
fr о ~C Д 0 Ittemoii I wouldn't mind
going there
ISPECIAL READINGS]
If Д nora the fields
[HOMOPHONES]
yoi
# GOOD =>1501
£F LIKE =>0155
ii LIKE =>0155
4-7-4	incorrect classification =>see H4-7-3 at 2208
4-7-4	incorrect classification ^seeB2-1-6: at 1236
	incorrect classification
4-7-4	=>see H2-2-5: / at 1294
4-7-4	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-4-3: at 2044
4-7-4	incorrect classification/ stroke-count =>see □ 3-4-2: at 2039
4-7-4	incorrect classification =>see И4-7-3 at 2213
► FRUIT
KA ha(tasu) -ha(tasu) ha(teru)
-ha(teru) ha(te)
2217
4-8-1
Ж	Jdyd-4	S8-4-4	K1844
75	A0284	03560	U679C
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [original meaning] fruit
Ж Ж kajitsu fruit, berry
Ж Я" kaju fruit juice
*Ж seika vegetables and fruits
1ЙЖ tekika thinning out superfluous fruit
0 fruit, result, outcome; effect
kekka result, outcome, consequence
ДЙЖ seika result, fruit, outcome
Й4Ж kdka effect, efficacy; result
inga cause and effect; karma
®сЖ senka fruit of battle, war results
[KUN]
[ hatasu Ж J vt effect, carry out, dis-
charge, accomplish; realize (one's wishes)
'^^^Ж/t'T shimeiоhatasu carryout
one's mission
ЖтАЬ'Х hatashite as was expected, sure
enough; really
[-hatasu -Ж^Т] emphatic verbal suffix
indicating completeness
{!Ё0Ж/1"3~ tsukaihatasu use up, spend all
[hateru Ж"C<5 ] w end, be finished
Ж^ЖТЪ Utage да hateru The party has
ended
[-hateru -Ж"С<5] emphatic verbal suffix
indicating completeness
2217
860
8-3
kuchihateru decay completely,
rot away; rust away; rusticate oneself
ЙАЛТ& taehateru be extinguished, be
exterminated; cease completely
[hate ЖХ] end, extremity, limit
sekai no hate end ofthe world
ЖТЬХ£Н hateshinai endless, boundless,
everlasting
[SPECIAL READINGS]
Ж4Й kudamono fruit
incorrect classification
=>see B2-5-3:at 1626
incorrect classification
=>see E1-1-7: У at 0007
Г Inih. JcZ 1
L rip Ж J
► HANG DOWN
SUI ta(reru) ta(rasu) ta(re)
-ta(re) Ц] taru tari
► RAIN
U ame ama- -same*
2219
4-8-2
±	Jdyd-6	S8-3-5	К3166
32	D1705	03565	U5782
2218
4-8-1
ж	Joyo-1	S8-8-0	K1711
173	B0946	03561	U96E8
ICOMPOUNDSI
—	1	1 ]	ff)	ж	ж	ж	ж
1	2
ICOMPOUNDSI
Ф [original meaning] rain, rainfall
Bfi uryd rain, rainfall
Ж Ж uki rainy season
Р?Ж kdu rainfall, rain
Ж Ж дои heavy rain, downpour
ШЖ baiu rainy season (of early summer)
ЖЖ fuu wind and rain, storm
[kun]
[ame Ж,ата- Ж-Jrain
ЖР amado shutter
ЖхК amamizu rainwater
ЖЯ amagumo rain cloud
ЖЖ amagumori overcast weather
Ж±^'О ameagari just after a rainfall
ЖД amagu raingear, rainwear
ЖР? 0 amefuri rainfall; rainy weather
^СЖ dame heavy rain
®ХЖ niwakaame (rain) shower
[-same ^Jrain
#Ж harusame spring rain; sticks of bean
jelly
Ж Ж kosame drizzle
ISPECIAL READINGS]
5ЯЖ samidare early summer rain
В$Ж shigure late fall or early winter rain
ЖЖ tsuyu rainy season (of early summer)
О hang down, hang, droop, dangle
HSU kensui suspension, pendency; chinning
exercises
О perpendicular, vertical
suichokuno vertical, perpendicular
suisen perpendicular line
[kun]
[tareru Ж] hang down, hang, droop
taresagaru hang, dangle
ЖЖД amadare raindrops
[tarasu HbT] hang down, suspend
Si	ЬЖ kamiо tarasu let one's hair
hang down
[tare f£tl] sauce, gravy
gomadare sesame sauce
[-tare -S3 tl] suffix for forming swearwords
ЛГ О Ж Д Kusottare You swine!
shimittare stinginess; miser
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-4-4: at 2047
4-8-2
2220
4-8-3
► AFFAIR
► ABSTRACT THING
JI ZU koto
J	Jdyd-3	S8-1-7	K2786
6	A0018	03567	U4E8B
861
2218-2220
8-3
1	2	3
ICOMPOUNDSl
О [also suffix]
0 (something that is done) affair, something,
matter, thing, fact
0 (something that occurs) affair, something,
event, occurrence, incident, unexpected
event, accident
а Ж®/ jibutsu things, affairs
Ж Ж jijitsu fact, reality; as a matter of fact
Ж^Й jiko matters, facts; articles, items
Ж Ж henji answer, reply
]ХЖ bq/7 sex, lovemaking
ВВЖ kiji news, article; account
1кЖ shokuji meal, dinner, board
b Ж ft1 jiken affair, incident, case, event
ЖЙ jiko accident, incident, trouble
Ж1Ш jijo circumstances, conditions, situation
ЖЙ& jitai situation, state of affairs
^Ж buji ni safely, without accident, suc-
cessfully; peacefully, amicably
А Ж kaji fire
£РЖЖ kozuka dilettante, person of fantastic
taste
[зХС?Ж kanshinji matterof concern and in-
terest
0 (business matters) affairs, business, work
ЖЙ? jimu business, clerical work, duties of an
office
Ж^Ж jimushitsu office
ЖЖ jigyd undertaking, enterprise, business;
achievement
ffl Ж yoji things to do, errand, business, en-
gagement
ЖЖ kaji household affairs, housework
ЖЖ gunji naval and military affairs
ХЖ koji construction
Л Ж jinji human affairs, personnel affairs
© officer, official, public officer [servant]
Я]Ж chiji (prefectural) governor
Ж1Ж keiji (police) detective
ЭДЖ hanji judge
|£Ж kanji manager, secretary; organizer
ЖЖ ryoji consul, consular representative
ЗИЖ riji director, trustee
[KUN]
[koto Ж1
O0 [also suffix] ABSTRACT THING, affair, matter,
fact
0 abstract thing or act—word used for the
nominalization of verbs, adjectives or phrases
a kotogara matter, affair, circumstances
ВДВ А Ж meihaku na koto obvious fact
0 Ж BS'T gakko no koto о hanasu
speak about the school, talk about
school affairs
4ЙЖ monogoto things, matter; everything
IS fl Ж shobugoto gambling, competition,
game
b А’Х.^Ж kangaeru koto what one thinks
...suru koto ni shite
iru make a point of (doing), be in the
habit of (doing)
АИЖ nagaikoto for a long time
... <Ь0ЖХ'бЬ<Е) ...to no koto de aru It is
said that.. .Xhey say that.. ./I hear
that...
0 (event of special import) affair, something,
incident, case, occurrence; trouble
Ж^^Ё^'А koto о okosu cause trouble [a
disturbance]
Ж^ХАХ® kotonakareshugi peace-at-
any-price principle
А^&ЖЙ^ “Э A Taihen na koto ga
okotta A terrible accident occurred
йлЖЖ dekigoto occurrence, happening;
affair, incident; accident
0 (business matters) affairs, business, work,
duty
Ж koto о hakobu proceed, go ahead,
carry on
® H 0Ж mainichino koto daily affairs,
daily routine
ft Ж shigoto work, employment, business
0 things, occasions, circumstances, details,
particulars
Ж^АЖХ koto to shidaide under certain
circumstances, if things permit
<EААЖ/O^W oTt) donna koto ga atte
mo under any circumstances
& Karewa
gakko о chikoku suru koto ga aru He is
sometimes late for school
© worthwhileness
2220
862
9-1
migotona splendid, admirable,
beautiful
0 experience
0 Kyotoni
itta koto ga arimasu ka Have you ever
been to Kyoto?
► EAST
TO higashi Ц] azuma haru hajime
2221
4-8-3
ж	Jdyd-2	S8-4-4	K3776
75	A0040	@3568	U6771
—	A	Г7	Y=7	I	%	ж
12	3	4	5	6	7	8
ICOMPOUNDSl
О EAST, eastern
Ж>?7 toho east, eastward
Ж Ж tonan southeast
Ж® toa East Asia
Ж# toyo Orient
ЖдЕ tobu eastern part; the East (ofthe
United States)
Ж®ЙЖ tbzainanboku north, south, east
and west
МЖ kanto Kanto district
ФЖ chuto Middle East
0 Tokyo
Ж Ж tokyo Tokyo
Ж± tdjd going up to Tokyo
Ж^зЖЗ*Ж1й tomei kosokudoro Tokyo-
Nagoya Expressway
[KUN]
[higashi Ж J [also prefix] east, eastern
ЖЛ higashigawa eastern side
Ж □ higashiguchi east exit
ЖЯ^Ж higashihankyu Eastern Hemisphere
 4-8-4
4-8-4
incorrect classification
=>see □ 3-4-4: at 2046
incorrect classification
=>see B2-5-3: at 1629
incorrect classification
=>see B2-3-5: at 1410
4-8-4	incorrect classification =>see B2-6-2: at 1681
4-8-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-6: at 1299
2222
► FLY
HI to(bu) to(basu) -to(basu)
Ц] tobi
ж	Jdyd-4	S9-9-0	K4084
183	B0627	@3572	U98DB
4-9-1
[ ]
O0 FLY
0 baseball fly
а Ж?Т hiko flight, aviation
Ж?тШ hikbki airplane
ЖЪ*Ш hikojo airport, airfield
ЖЖЖ<5 hiraisuru come flying, come by air
ЖЖ hicho flying bird
ЙЖ'Ф-Ь yuhisuru launch out, embark upon
(a career)
Ь ЖЙ hikyu fly ball
ШЖ gihi sacrifice fly
0 leap, spring up, jump
ЖЖ'Я-^) hiyakusuru leapjump
^Ж^ toppina wild, extravagant, extraor-
dinary
[kun]
[tobu Ж fly; travel by air
Ж£Ь'_БЙ^5 tobiagaru fly up, jump up
ЖП^^Г tobikomu downjump from, jump
[leap] in; dive into
Ж£РЙ 0 tobikiri exceptionally, by far
Ж£/Ж tobiuo flying fish
[tobasu Ж TJ vt FLY; shoot, send
AS Ж ЙЖ hato о tobasu fly a pigeon
ШХ^ЖЙЖ geki о tobasu issue a
manifesto
863
2221-2222
 9-2
4 [tobasu -Ж НТ] [emphatic verbal suffix] off,
away, recklessly
ftx О Ж ИТ shikaritobasu scold away, re-
Ж buke strongly
IHOMOPHONESI
W tobu
Я SOAR =>0918
©Ь JUMP =>1030
► HEAVY
► DUPLICATE
JU CHO e omo(i) omo(ri)
kasa(neru) kasa(naru) [Ц shige
shigeru
2223
4-9-2
ж	Jdyd-3	S9-7-2	K2937
166	A0197	®3573	U91CD
O0 [also prefix] [original meaning] heavy,
weighty
0 weight, heaviness, load, gravity
а 1ЙЙ juyu fuel oil
Ж^Ж jukinzoku heavy metal
ЖЖХ£ kajuna too heavy
b Шж jOryo weight
ЖЙ juryoku gravity, force of gravity
ft Ж taiju body weight
ft Ж hiju specific gravity, density; relative
importance
<пГЖ kaju load
© [also prefix]
0 (involving large-scale manufacture) heavy
0 (great in degree) heavy, serious, severe
а ЖХЖ jukogyo heavy industry
ЖЖШ judenki heavy electric apparatus
ЖК Д jukihei heavy cavalry
b Ж Ж jusho heavy [serious] wound, severe
injury
ЖЙй jdtai serious condition, critical state
Ж^Й juzei heavy taxation
Ж^АЙ jurddb heavy labor
ЖЖ^ genju ni strictly, severely, closely; se-
curely, firmly
©0 (great in importance) heavy, weighty,
important, grave
0 set value on, value, attach importance to,
esteem
а Ж^Н juyona important, essential, princi-
pal
ЖЖ juten important point; importance, em-
phasis, stress; priority
ЖТН judaina important, serious, grave
Ж1ЛТ<5 jushisuru attach importance to,
think much of
Ж ft junin heavy responsibility, important
duty; reappointment
ЖЖ choho convenience, usefulness, handi-
ness
jubun (=juyd
bunkazai) important cultural property;
compound sentence
ЙЖН kichona precious, valuable
b ЖЙНЁЙ jushoshugi mercantilism
®ЖТ<5 sonchosuru respect, esteem,
value
АтЖТ<5 henchdsuru attach too much im-
portance, overemphasize
>ЖТЪ chinchd suru value highly, treasure
0 dignified, composed, solemn
ШЖ shincho prudence, discretion, circum-
spection
Й:ЖХ£ sochona solemn, grave, impressive
©0 pile up, heap up, stack
0 -fold, layer, story (of a building)
о ЖЯ jubako nest [tier] of boxes
ЖИ juso duet
Ж o' jugo polymerization
Ж^йТ^) jusekisuru pileup
ЖЙ/2<Б chojbtaru piled up, placed one
upon another; excellent, splendid
b ^Ж© taju no multiple, multiplex
НЖ© sanjuno threefold, triple
©0 duplicate, repeat, redo
0 duplicate, double, multiple
а ЖЖ juju repeatedly; extremely, very much
Ж?Я chofuku (-jufuku) duplication, over-
lapping; repetition
b Ж2£ juto double steal
ЖЖ juhan second printing, reprint; second
edition
ЖЯ jukon bigamy
[kun]
[e Ж] [in compounds] fold, layer, row
2223
864
9-3 
тЙЖ ikue(=ikuju) many folds
31ЖО futae (=niju) no twofold
yaezakino double-flowering
[omoi Ж1^]
O0 heavy, weighty
© (difficult to move) heavy, slow to move
omosa weight
Ж ZtH omotai heavy
Ж^А omomi weight; importance; dignity
Ж??Г omoni heavy load; burden, encum-
brance
b И koshi ga omoi be slow to act, be
slow in starting work
0 (weighed with concern) heavy, depressed
ЖЙЬИ omokurushii heavy, oppressed,
gloomy
© (great in degree) heavy, serious, severe
Ж И ft omoitsumi serious [grave] crime
0 (great in importance) heavy, weighty, impor-
tant, grave
ЖН££Ж omoininmu important task
[omori Ж 0 ] weight, plumb, sinker, plum-
met
IZ Ж 0	W" Ъ ito ni omori о tsukeru
weight a line
[kasaneru Ж^<5] vt pile up, heap up, stack
in layers; repeat, add
ЖЙ1 kasane pile, heap; lapping over; suit
^Ж^Ж^'Ь tsumikasaneru pile up, heap up,
stack in layers
kasanete repeatedly, again
[kasanaru ЖХ£&] vibe piled up, lie on top
of one another; fall on, coincide with; come
one after another, happen in succession
Ж^О kasanari pile, piling; overlapping
®T О Ж&-?) orikasanaru lie on top of one
another, be in a heap
fuko да kasanaru have a
series of misfortunes
IHOMOPHONESI
omori fit spindle =>01744
incorrect classification
□2? =>see И2-6-3: at 1691
4-9-2
4-9-2	incorrect classification =^see □ 3-4-5: Я- at 2051
4-9-2	incorrect classification =>see B2-4-5: at 1583
4-9-2	incorrect classification =>see В 2-5-4:	at 1644
[«]
► RIDE
► GET ON
JO no(ru) -no(ri) no(seru)
2224	)	Jdyo-3	S9-1-8	K3072
4-9-3	4	A0433	®3576	U4E57
123456789
ICOMPOUNDSl
О ride, ride in, travel
ЖДЖ joyosha passenger car, automobile
Ж^ jokyaku passenger, fare
ЖЙ? Jt jdmuin trainman, crewman
ЖЖТjoba suru ride a horse; mount a
horse
[^ЖЖ^ ddjosuru ride together
К Ж shijo trial ride
ИЖЖ-Ь keijosuru police (a train)
binjdsuru take advantage of an
opportunity; go on board
0 [original meaning] (take a place on a vehicle or
animal) get on, board, go aboard, mount
Ж Ж Жjdsha suru take a train, get aboard,
get on
ЖЙЙ'Жjosen suru embark, go on board
ЖЙ joko boarding and alighting, getting on
and off
0 math power
§ Ж jijo square, second power
ZZЖЖ<5 nijdsuru raise to the second power
[independent!
[jojiru (=jdzuru) Ж С&(=ЖТ<5)] take
advantage of, avail oneself of
АЖ hitonomuchinijojiru
abuse [take advantage of] another's
ignorance
865
2224
 9-4
4~---------------------------------------------
[KUN]
[noru ^3]
О RIDE, ride in, travel
2 Sift norikumiin crew
%* Ж 0 norlire extension (of a railway line)
Л into
IU 0 ЙХ. norikae change, transfer
V j® L norikoshi riding past one's stop
Ж 0IX Ъ nottoru take possession of; cap-
ture, hijack
0 norimono vehicle, conveyance
ЦЖ Ц Ъ densha ninoru take a train
© (take a place on a vehicle or animal) get on,
board, mount
IQ jA norikomu board, go on board;
march into
uma ninoru get on (mount) a
horse
© (move or be placed on something) get on, step
on, mount
О Ш’?' noridasu lean forward; start, set
out; embark on, launch into
fumidai ni noru step on a
footstool
0 feel like doing
norikininaru get enthusias-
tic about, be keen to do
Ж О Ж noriki keenness [enthusiasm] to do
ЖЖ О kinorisuru be interested in, feel
like (doing)
[-nori 0 ] suffix indicating passenger
capacity
ЛАЖ О ОЖ goninnori no kuruma five-
seater (car)
[noseru	take (a person) on board,
carry (passengers), pick up (passengers)
jdkyaku о noseru take pas-
sengers on board
IHOMQPHONESI
noru ® LOAD =^2077
noseru Ш LOAD =>2077
► DO
► SAKE
I tame1A tame2A na(su)A Ц] nari
2225 4-9-4	86л	Joyo	S9-4-5	K1657
		B0823	®3577	U70BA
ICOMPOUNDSl
© do, make; act, behave
iseika politician
koi act, deed, conduct, transaction
mui inactivity; Buddhism that which is
not created
sakui artificiality, intention; commission
(of a crime)
[kun]
[tame1
O0 sake, benefit, advantage, profit
© [often followed by ni] for the sake
[purpose] of, on behalf of, so that
а	®	hito no tame о omou wish
someone well
b Й 0 tZ jibun no tame ni for one's own
sake, for oneself
... V .. .shinai tame ni so as not to
© [often followed by (Z ni] because (of), owing
to, as a result of
ame no tame ni because of the
rain
[tame2 [in compounds] exchange
tamegin exchange bank
gaitame foreign exchange
[nasu ] do, perform, carry out
Ж If fuzen о nasu do evil, commit
vice
ISPECIAL READINGS]
kawase money order, exchange
IHOMQPHONESI
nasu
FORM =>2202
£ LIFE =>03497
2225
866
11-3
► MIGHT
► THREATEN BY FORCE
I Ц] take takeshi
tn	Joyo	S9-3-6	KI 650
38	C1157	©3578	U5A01
2226
4-9-4
ICOMPOUNDSI
О might, impressive strength, power, author-
ity, influence
iryoku power, might, authority, influ-
ence
isei spirits, dash; power
ibaru put on airs, be haughty; boast,
brag
ЖЙ4 ken’i authority, power
75ЙС jii show of force
SiSi moi fierceness, fury, vehemence
kyui no aru tokyu baseball
powerful delivery
0 dignified, majestic, imposing
igen solemn dignity
ЙЖ ifu majesty, dignity
iyd dignified [majestic] appearance
igi dignity, dignified manner
ЙИв ishin prestige, dignity, authority
0 threaten by force, dominate by power
iatsu coercion, high-handedness
ikakusuru intimidate, threaten,
menace
kyoi threat, menace
	incorrect classification =>see В 2-3-6: at 1451
4-9-4	
Sc 4-9-4	incorrect classification =>see D3-6-3: at 2071
4-9-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-5-4: at 1645
incorrect classification
AvJ =>see □ 3-6-4: Щ at 2073
4-10-1
-rrV	incorrect classification =>see В 2-3-7: at 1465	
4-10-4	
	incorrect classification =>see В 2-6-4: at 1705
4-10-4	
г	incorrect classification
4-10-4	=£>see 03-6-4: at 2074
Ж	incorrect classification =>see □ 3-7-3: ®r at 2081
4-10-4	
4-10-4	- incorrect classification ' =>seeH2-5-5:^at 1649
L n^ J
2227
4-11-3
► PURGE
SHUKU
Ж	Joyo	S11-6-5	K2945
129	C1585	©3581	U7C9B
ICOMPOUNDSI
О purge (a political party), clean up, reform
Ж^Й'Т<5 shukuseisuru purge (a political
party), clean up, liquidate
ЖТЕ'Т'Ь shukuseisuru regulate, enforce
(discipline)
ЖЙ shukuto purging disloyal elements from
a party
0 solemnly, with profound awe; reverently,
respectfully
Ж^§ shukuzen to quietly, silently; sol-
emnly; reverently
ЖЖХ£ genshukuna grave, solemn, austere
0 still, hushed, quiet
ЖЖ shukushuku to in solemn silence
н^Ж seishuku silence, stillness
867
2226-2227
11-3
г ттМ Sak 1
«incorrect classification/
stroke-count
 4-11-3 =>see B2-7-5: Ж at 1761
2228
4-11-4
► REFRESHING
SO SHO sawa(yaka) Ц] sawa sa
akira sayaka
	Names	S11-4-7	K3354
89	D2331	@3581.5	U723D
ICOMPOUNDSl
О REFRESHING, fresh
sokaina refreshing, invigorating, ex-
hilarating
© [original meaning] dawn; bright
maiso literary dawn, daybreak
[KUN]
[sawayaka
sawayakana
О REFRESHING, fresh
sawayaka na kaze refreshing
[bracing] wind
© clear, distinct (voice); fluent, flowing
benzetsu sawayaka fluent
[eloquent] in speech
ж	incorrect classification =^see □ 3-7-4: *r at 2083
4-11-4	
4-11-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-9: at 1346
4-11-4	incorrect classification =>see В 2-2-9: at 1340
2229
4-12-4
► HOW MANY
► SOME
KI iku- iku(tsu) iku(ra)
Joyo	S12-3-9	K2086
D1830	@3582	U5E7E
'< ь ь ! i‘ i & * i \	££ j pj
123456789
ЖТЖТЖ1
10	11	12
ICOMPOUNDSl
© HOW MANY, how much
8£M(^) kika(gaku) geometry
[KUN]
[iku- 8£-J [also suffix]
О how many, how much
ikujikan how many hours
8££Й® 0	& Ikuhako irimasu ka How
many boxes do you want?
©0 (being of indefinite number or quantity) some,
several
© (being of considerable number) some, very
many
a 8Ж ikuyomo for several nights
ikubun partially, somewhat, in a way
ЖТ <h 5х d Л ikusen to iu hito thousands
of people
b 81 В ikunichimo for some days, for many
days
8£бЁ£> ikudo (=ikutabi) mo many times,
frequently
[ikutsu 8£O] how many; how old
L Ikutsu hoshii no ka How
many do you want?
8£12k2Z£oTt) ikutsuninattemo how-
ever old one may be
Oikutsu desu ka How old are
you?
[ikura Ц £>] how much, how many; no
matter how much [many], however; even,
with all (something)
©Й81 Kazu wa ikura ka How many
are there?
Z tiki 81b TTKore wa ikura desu ka
How much does this cost?
81 bZ^ ikuraka some, something, anything;
somewhat, a little, in part
81L ЙЙЗЙ LT ikura benkyd shite mo
however hard one may work
8£ b T	ikura de mo as many [much] as
one likes
8^ Ш < ikubaku mo naku not long af-
ter, before long
2228-2229
868
15-1 
incorrect classification
=>see B2-9-3: at 1806
4-12-4
2230
4-14-1
► THAT
JI NI Ц] chika shika mitsuru akira
incorrect classification
=>see 03-6-6: at 2076
89
Names	S14-4-10	K2804
D2048	®3587	U723E
4-13-4
incorrect classification
=»see 03-6-7: at 2077
ICOMPOUNDSl
• that
jirai from that time on, ever since
jigo from this [that] time onward, hence-
forth, thereafter
incorrect classification
=>see В 2-6-9: on at 1742
4-15-1
869
2230
APPENDIXES
1.	System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns..........873
2.	How to Count Strokes.........................895
3.	Капа and Romanization........................900
4.	Important Variants...........................906
5.	Characters Ranked by Frequency...............910
APPENDIX 1
SYSTEM OF KANJI INDEXING BY PATTERNS
5У it ii
1	INTRODUCTION	p.873
2	DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM	p. 874
3	INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE	p. 882
4	HOW TO IDENTIFY THE PATTERN	p. 889
5	HOW TO DIVIDE THE CHARACTER	p. 890
6	HOW TO SUBCLASSIFY THE SOLID PATTERN	p. 893
QUICK GUIDE TO SKIP
The System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns (SKIP) can be used to locate entry characters with
great speed and little effort. To learn the bare essentials of the system, do as follows:
1. Read section §2.1 Overview of SKIP on p. 874.
2. Refer to the charts inside the front and back covers.
To get a more thorough understanding, read the sections below. An in-depth treatment of all
the aspects of the system can be found on pages 1699 to 1733 of the NJECD, but it is not neces-
sary for the general user to understand these details.
1	INTRODUCTION
The lack of an efficient system for ordering
Chinese characters has long been a source of
frustration, posing a major obstacle to the
effective use of character dictionaries. The
traditional method of looking up characters
presupposes a knowledge of kanji elements
known as radicals. Searching by radicals is a
time-consuming, laborious, and unreliable
process that may require weeks of practice to
learn. Although many alternative systems have
been devised, none have achieved the speed
and simplicity required to meet the practical
needs of the learner.
To overcome the shortcomings of the tradi-
tional methods of ordering characters, the
New Japanese-English Character Dictionary
(NJECD) introduced a new scheme, called the
System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns, or SKIP,
that can be used to locate entries as quickly
and as accurately as in alphabetical dictionar-
ies. This system, also used in this dictionary, is
based on a novel concept: the direct identifi-
cation of geometrical patterns. With the help
of simple rules, each character is unambigu-
ously classified under one of four easy-to-
identify patterns: E1 left-right, В 2 up-
down, □ 3 enclosure, and  4 solid. For
example, is classified under pattern E 1
since it can be divided into left and right parts.
SKIP is a product of seven years of computer-
assisted research and experimentation on how
kanji elements are intuitively perceived in
terms of their parts. Since the system can be
learned in a very short time and is easy to use,
it has been adopted as the system of choice in
a growing number of kanji dictionaries and
software applications. SKIP represents a radi-
cal departure from all traditional systems, and
is rated by Japanese language experts as an
important advance in kanji lexicography.
873
SKIP
2	DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM
2.1	Overview of SKIP
2.2	SKIP Patterns
2.3	Basic Elements of SKIP
2.4	SKIP Patterns Chart
2.5	Classification Scheme
2.6	Cross-References
2.7	SKIP Guides
2.1	Overview of SKIP
The central idea of the System of Kanji Index-
ing by Patterns is the classification of charac-
ters into four major categories on the basis of
easy-to-identify geometrical patterns: D1
left-right (^@), В 2 up-down (^), D3 en-
closure (®), and  4 solid (T).
Characters belonging to the first three patterns,
called the divisible characters, are arranged in
ascending order of hyphenated numerals
called the subsection number. The first nu-
meral indicates the number of strokes in the
shaded part, which corresponds to the shaded
segment of the pattern symbol, and the sec-
ond the number of strokes in the blank part,
which corresponds to the nonshaded segment.
The pattern number followed by the subsec-
tion number is referred to as the SKIP number.
To locate a divisible character, first identify
the pattern to which it belongs to determine
the first part of the SKIP number, then divide
it and count the strokes of each part to deter-
mine the second and third parts of that num-
ber (the subsection number). For example,
can be divided into left and right parts and is
thus classified under pattern E 1. Since it
contains four strokes in the shaded part (t )
and six strokes in the blank part (^&), its SKIP
number is E1-4-6. It thus appears under
pattern E 1, subsection 4-6, along with other
characters that share the same SKIP number
(such as and Яв).
Divisible characters in the same subsection are
divided into subgroups containing a shared
element (such as 0 and Я), called the sub-
group element. The characters within each
subgroup are further subdivided into progres-
sively smaller groups until each character is
assigned its own position.
Characters that cannot be divided by SKIP
rules, called the indivisible characters, are
classified under pattern  4, solid. These are
arranged by total stroke-count and subclassi-
fied into four solid subpatterns on the basis of
easy-to-identify lines: П 1 top line (T)> □ 2
bottom line (_Ь), ШЗ through line (Ф),
and П4 others (Л). The first part of the
subsection number for these characters repre-
sents their total stroke-counts, and the second
part represents the number of the solid sub-
pattern. T, for example, is a three-stroke
character containing a top line, and is thus
classified under pattern 14, subsection 3-1
(SKIP number 4-3-1).
The entry characters in the main part of the
dictionary are ordered according to the above
scheme. To attain greater search speed, they
are also listed in exactly the same order in the
Pattern Index. Thus, after determining the
SKIP number, there are two ways to look up
entries: (1) locating the entry in the Pattern
Index, or (2) locating the entry character
directly without using the index. In addition,
there is a special shortcut called the Scan
Method that makes it possible to locate entries
quickly without determining their SKIP num-
bers.
Although SKIP rules are simple, a small num-
ber of characters may be difficult to locate. To
eliminate dead-end searching, many of these
are systematically cross-referenced at one or
more locations where they might be mistak-
enly sought.
To summarize, SKIP offers the following
advantages over traditional systems:
1.	Entries can be located with great speed and
little effort. The experienced user can often
locate an entry in less than twenty seconds.
SKIP
874
2.	The basic principles of the system can be
learned in a few minutes. Tests have con-
firmed that after only ten to fifteen minutes
of learning the rules, beginners can locate
entries with an accuracy of 90 to 100 per
cent.
3.	No prior knowledge of kanji elements is
required.
4.	A cross-reference system practically elimi-
nates dead-end searching.
5.	The system is reliable and logically consis-
tent, eliminating guesswork and repeated
false attempts.
2.2	SKIP Patterns
The System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns
classifies the characters into four major cate-
gories on the basis of easy-to-identify geomet-
rical patterns. A pattern is a configuration of
character elements. Each pattern is identified
by a pattern symbol and pattern number, as
illustrated below.
Structure of SKIP Patterns
Pattern
Pattern
Shaded segment
It is important to understand that it is the
position or arrangement of the elements in
relation to each other, not their forms, that
determines the pattern. For example, № con-
sists of two elements, { and placed side by
side, and thus constitutes a left-right pattern.
The shape of { , or the fact that it is a radical, is
irrelevant. The pattern is thus, in principle,
independent of the character's form, radical,
reading, stroke order, etc.
The four SKIP patterns are described below.
Rules for identifying each pattern are given in
§4 How to Identify the Pattern.
SKIP PATTERNS
Pattern Number	Pattern Symbol	Pattern Name	DESCRIPTION
1	D	LEFT-RIGHT	Character elements placed side by side. The elements are separated from each other by a space ($c).
2	В	UP-DOWN	Character elements stacked more or less one on top of the other. The elements are separated from each other by a space (zK), a horizontal line (^F), or a frame element (ТЁГ).
875
SKIP
3	□	ENCLOSURE	A completely exterior element enclosing the rest of a character on two or more sides. The enclosure ele- ment may be separated from the rest of the character by a space (JA), or may be in full physical contact (ffl) with it.
4		SOLID	A character element or combination of elements that does not constitute a left-right, up-down, or enclosure pattern. Solid characters, such as □ and <|c, cannot be divided according to SKIP rules. The solid pattern is subclassified into solid subpatterns.
2.3 Basic Elements of SKIP
Characters are divided into two major groups: divisible and indivisible. The former are divided
into two parts: the shaded part and the blank part.
SKIP Number of Divisible Characters
— 3— 10 ----------Subsection number
I Stroke-count of blank part
— Stroke-count of shaded part
— Pattern number (1=E )
— Pattern symbol (left-right)
Characters that cannot be divided are referred to as indivisible or solid characters. These are
subclassified according to a principle described in §6 How to Subclassify the Solid Pattern.
SKIP Number of Indivisible Characters
4 — 3-1
------Subsection number
-----Solid subpattern number (1 = П)
Total stroke-count of character
Pattern number (4=B)
Pattern symbol (solid)
SKIP
876
Basic Elements of SKIP
Pattern	A configuration of character elements that characterizes the SKIP classification scheme. Each pattern is identified by a pattern symbol and pattern number.
Divisible characters	Characters that can be divided according to SKIP rules; i.e., characters classified under patterns Б 1, В 2, or □ 3, such as ffl, and 1A.
Indivisible characters	Characters that cannot be divided according to SKIP rules; i.e., characters classified under pattern  4, such as Ж, Ф, and Л.
Shaded part	The part of a divisible character corresponding to the shaded segment of the pattern symbol; i.e., the part removed at the first division point. For example, t is the shaded part of i (SKIP number E1-4-5).
Blank part	The part of a divisible character corresponding to the blank segment of the pattern symbol; i.e., the part remaining after the shaded part is removed. For example, E is the blank part of ffl (SKIPnumber El-4-5).
SKIP number	A pattern symbol followed by hyphenated numerals consisting of three parts; for the divisible characters, (1) the pattern number, (2) the stroke-count of the shaded part, and (3) the stroke-count of the blank part; for the indivisible characters, (1) the pattern number, (2) the total stroke-count, and (3) the solid subpattern number. For example, ffl is classified under pattern E 1 and di- vided into t (shaded part, 4 strokes) and 1=1 (blank part, 5 strokes), giving a SKIP number of E1-4-5. T is a three-stroke solid character containing a top line (solid subpattern П 1), giving a SKIP number of 4-3-1.
Subsection	A subdivision of entry characters sharing the same SKIP pattern in which the divisible characters are classified by subgroup element and the indivisible characters are classified by entry type. The subsections are arranged in ascend- ing order of their subsection numbers.
Subsection number	Hyphenated numerals used to identify a subsection and corresponding to the second and third parts of the SKIP number. For example, the subsection num- ber for ffl (SKIP number Б1-4-5) is 4-5.
Subgroup	A group of divisible characters sharing the same subsection number and shar- ing a common subgroup element.
Subgroup element	The shared element of a subgroup of divisible characters, e.g. t is the subgroup element of the subgroup	'ffl etc. Many, such as + above, are also radicals; others, such as in are not.
Solid Subpattern	One of the four groups into which the solid characters are subclassified accord- ing to the presence or absence of prominent lines; i.e., П 1 top line, □ 2 bot- tom line, CD 3 through line, and □ 4 others.
2.4	SKIP Patterns Chart	to identify, a glance at this chart	will often
The chart below has been carefully designed to	enable you to locate a character	without a
provide you with a good understanding of	detailed knowledge of SKIP rules.	For refer-
SKIP patterns. Since these are intuitively easy	ence, it also appears inside the front	cover.
877
SKIP
SKIP PATTERNS CHART
No.	Pattern	Classification	Examples
1	D LEFT-RIGHT	clear space conceptual space	r iw ф jii м ж m 4-5	2-3	3-8	1-2	1-2	2-4	1-11	2-11 3-3	6-3	11-4	3-9	5-2	12-6	10-9	2-5
2	H UP-DOWN	clear space conceptual space horizontal line frame element	1-4	1-1	1-2	1-6	2-2	2-5	2-2	3-3 3-4	2-4	11-9	2-8	1-6	4-7	6-2	5-4 e& ¥ ж » 3-3	3-5	2-2	2-7	2-5	5-3	4-6	3-10 2-3	2-7	2-6	4-2	2-6	3-3	2-7	2-2
3	ENCLOSURE	□ □ □ П n □ □□□□□	3-8	4-2	7-3	3-5	8-7	1-7	1-1	2-2 2-4	6-7	1-1	1-4	2-3	4-3	7-4	6-4 Й El Й S t 4 3-8	2-3	3-4	5-5	2-3	4-2	7-5	2-2 0	и	a	[rj	й	и	ш	и 8-4	2-6	2-7	3-3	4-2	2-2	2-1	2-6 E	Ё	E	£ 2-5	3-4	2-9	2-2 0	1	Ш	0	@	И	И 3-3	3-5	3-2	3-1	3-2	3-2	3-2
4	 SOLID	□	1 top line □	2 bottom line Ш 3 through line □	4 others	3-1	6-1	8-1	3-1	5-1	3-1	7-1	14-1 ±±;±ййЙ^Ж 3-2	2-2	3-2	5-2	5-2	6-2	7-2	9-2 4-3	2-3	4-3	5-3	7-3	9-3	4-3	11-3 ХЯ^ХХ^.Л^> 2-4	2-4	3-4	4-4	4-4	6-4	7-4	9-4
SKIP
878
2.5	Classification Scheme
The order of entries is based on a new classification scheme in which the characters are subdi-
vided into progressively smaller groups until each character is assigned its own position. The
scheme of SKIP classification keys is shown below.
SKIP Classification Keys
All Entries		
О	By SKIP pattern The entry characters are divided into four major categories by SKIP pattern: 1.	Cl left-right 2.	В 2 up-down 3.	□ 3 enclosure 4.	 4 solid	
	С1В2ПЗ	 4
0	By shaded part Divisible characters of identical pattern are ordered by the stroke-counts of their shaded parts.	By total stroke-count Indivisible characters are ordered by their total stroke-counts.
О	By stroke-count of blank part Divisible characters of identical shaded- part stroke-count are ordered by the stroke-counts of their blank parts.	
0	By enclosure subpattern: Pattern □ 3 characters of identical blank- part stroke-count are ordered by enclosure subpattern: 1.	two sides: LJ П □ □ 2.	three sides: П □ □ □ 3.	four sides: □ □ □	By solid subpattern: Indivisible characters of identical total stroke-count are ordered by solid subpat- tern: 1.	П 1 topline 2.	□ 2 bottom line 3.	ED 3 through line 4.	□ 4 others
0	By subgroup element: Divisible characters of identical blank-part stroke-count (and enclosure subpattern) are grouped by subgroup element in the following order: 1. radical elements by radical number 2. nonradical elements by stroke- count and SKIP number	
879
SKIP
All Entries		
0	By entry type: Divisible characters of identical subgroup element are grouped by entry type in the following order: 1. standard em 2. cross-refere:	By entry type: Indivisible characters of identical solid subpattern are grouped by entry type in the following order: tries nee entries
О	By principal reading: Characters of the same entry type are ordered by their principal readings.	
incorrect classification
2.6	Cross-References
Finding entries by SKIP rules is normally
speedy and reliable. However, difficulties may
arise in unusual cases, such as characters with
difficult-to-identify patterns, characters for
which it is difficult to count the strokes, or
both. For example, /l is an up-down charac-
ter that may be classified as a left-right charac-
ter by mistakenly considering \ the shaded
part, whereas “F is a three-stroke element that
may be incorrectly counted as a two-stroke
element.
Such characters are systematically cross-
referenced at one or more incorrect
locations—that is, locations where they might
be mistakenly sought—in the main part of the
dictionary and in the Pattern Index. The cross-
reference entry that appears there supplies a
cross-reference to the corresponding correct
location.
The cross-references greatly enhance the value
of the system, since they practically eliminate
dead-end searching and inform you of the
kind of mistake you have made.
2.6.1 Cross-Reference Types There are two
kinds of cross-reference entries:
1.	Single-character cross-references consist
of one character at an incorrect location.
The correct location (SKIP number and
entry number) is indicated after the arrow.
=>see В 2-3-4: at 1398
H2-5-2
In the example, appears under the
incorrect classification В2-5-2, and the
cross-reference points to 1398, the entry
number under the correct classification
B2-3-4.
2.	Multiple-character cross-references con-
sist of characters of similar structure
(pattern classification or stroke-count) at
an incorrect location. The correct location
is indicated after the arrow.
jbpt ibfc? incorrect classification
|_EL |M=F etc =>seeE1-3-6: i' at0270
E1-1-8
If the group consists of two characters, both
are given. If the group consists of three or
more characters, the first two are given and are
followed by etc. This indicates that the other
members of the group have the same structure
as the first two and can also be found at the
same correct location. In the example above,
etc. indicates that, in addition to ffi and Ш,
other left-right characters sharing the sub-
group element Ф , in this case tH, can also be
found at the correct location!]3-6.
2.6.2 Incorrect Locations Incorrect loca-
tions are of two kinds: (1) locations under an
incorrect pattern classification, and (2)
SKIP
880
locations under an incorrect stroke-count. On
rare occasions, an incorrect location may be a
combination of both types.
№ incorrect stroke-count
^>seeE 1-4-10: it at 0724
В1-3-10
In the main part of the dictionary, the kind of
incorrect location is indicated by the brief
description preceding the arrow =>; in the
index, by the following superscript symbols:
p incorrect pattern classification
s incorrect stroke-count
ps incorrect pattern classification and in-
correct stroke-count
2.7	SKIP Guides
The various guides printed in the outer cor-
ners and margins of the page have been care-
fully designed to facilitate the speedy location
of entries, especially when finding an entry
directly from its SKIP number (without con-
sulting the Pattern Index).
The guides in the main part of the dictionary
are illustrated and described below.
SKIP Guides
SKIP Guides
1. Pattern guide	A guide in the upper, outer corner of a page that indicates the pattern and pattern number for that page.
2. Pattern symbol	A symbol that identifies one of the four patterns in the SKIP classi- fication scheme.
3. Pattern number	A number that identifies the SKIP pattern.
881
SKIP
4. SKIP number	A pattern symbol followed by hyphenated numerals used to locate characters according to SKIP rules.
5. Subsection guide	Boldface numerals in the upper corner of a page that indicate the subsection number for that page. The pattern guides and subsec- tion guides in the upper left indicate the SKIP number for the first entry in left-hand pages, while those in the upper right indicate that of the last entry in right-hand pages. Together they indicate the SKIP number range for both pages.
6. Subgroup guide	A guide in the outer margin of a page, enclosed in heavy square brackets [ ], used to locate the subgroup element corresponding to the shaded part of divisible characters. It lists the subgroup elements for the SKIP number of the first (left-hand page) or last (right-hand page) entry character on that page.
7. Current subgroup guide	The subgroup element of the first (left-hand page) or last (right- hand page) entry character on that page is printed in red within the subgroup guide. This red guide moves up and down as you turn the pages, allowing rapid location of your subgroup element within the subgroup guide.
8. Entry guide	A guide in the outer margin of a page, enclosed in heavy square brackets [ ], used to locate indivisible characters sharing the same SKIP number. It lists all the entry characters (not just those on that page) for the current SKIP number; that is, the SKIP number of first (left-hand page) or last (right-hand page) entry character on that page.
9. Current entry guide	All the indivisible entry characters on a page that share the same current SKIP number are printed in red within the entry guide. This red guide moves up and down as you turn the pages, allowing rapid location of your entry character within the entry guide.
3 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
3.1 Overview
3.2	How to Determine the SKIP
Number
3.3	Index Method
3.4	Direct Method
3.5	Scan Method
3.6	Hints for Speed
3.1 Overview
There are three basic methods of locating
entries by SKIP rules:
1.	The Index Method consists of determining
the SKIP number of your character, then
locating it in the Pattern Index to deter-
mine its entry number. This is the most re-
liable method for normal dictionary work.
2.	The Direct Method consists of determining
the SKIP number of your character, then
locating it in the main part of the diction-
ary without referring to the Pattern Index.
This method is often faster than the Index
Method for certain characters.
3.	The Scan Method is a special shortcut for
locating a character without determining
SKIP
882
its SKIP number. This method is effective
only for characters containing elements of
high stroke-count.
3.2 How to Determine the SKIP Number
The chart below gives detailed instructions for
determining the SKIP number.
The gist of the method is simple. Identify the
pattern to get the first part of the SKIP num-
ber. To get the second and third parts, count
the strokes of the shaded part and blank part
of the divisible characters, or count the total
stroke-count and determine the solid subpat-
tern of the indivisible characters.
How to Determine the SKIP Number
DETERMINE THE SKIP NUMBER OF YOUR CHARACTER		
STEP1	IDENTIFY PATTERN Determine to which of the four patterns your character belongs to get the first part of the SKIP number (the pattern number). If your character belongs to pattern D 1, В 2, or □ 3, carry out the steps in the left column; if it belongs to pattern  4, carry out the steps in the right column. =>§4 How to Identify the Pattern	
	El B2 ПЗ	 4
STEP 2	DIVIDE CHARACTER Divide the character into two parts at the first division point. =>§5 How to Divide the Character	OMIT Since solid characters cannot be divided, go to STEP 3.
STEP3	COUNT STROKES OF SHADED PART Count the strokes of the shaded part to get the second part of the SKIP number. =>Appendix 2. How to Count Strokes	DETERMINE TOTAL STROKE-COUNT Determine the total stroke-count of your character to get the second part of the SKIP number. ^Appendix 2. How to Count Strokes
STEP 4	COUNT STROKES OF BLANK PART Count the strokes of the blank part to get the third part of the SKIP number. =>Appendix 2. How to Count Strokes	IDENTIFY SOLID SUBPATTERN Determine to which of the four solid subpatterns your character belongs to get the third part of the SKIP number. Select from: □ 1, □ 2, EE 3, or □ 4. =>§6 How to Subclassify the Solid Pattern
883
SKIP
Example: Determine the SKIP Number of ffl
STEP1	IDENTIFY PATTERN	Since ffl can be divided into left and right parts, we iden- tify it as belonging to pattern В 1, left-right. This gives the first part of the SKIP number as 1: ffl - Bl
STEP 2	DIVIDE CHARACTER	Dividing ffl into two parts at the first division point yields t , the shaded part, and Ж the blank part: ffl = t + Ш
STEP3	COUNT STROKES OF SHADED PART	Counting the strokes of the shaded part (t ) yields a stroke-count of 4. This gives the second part of the SKIP number as 4: ffl El-4-
STEP 4	COUNT STROKES OF BLANK PART	Counting the strokes of the blank part (ЯЯ) yields a stroke- count of 8. This gives the third part of the SKIP number as 8: ffl В1-4-8
		SKIP number of ffl : В1-4-8
Example: Determine the SKIP Number of T
STEP1	IDENTIFY PATTERN	Since T cannot be divided into parts, we identify it as an indivisible character belonging to pattern  4, solid. This gives the first part of the SKIP number as 4: T -И4
STEP 2	OMIT	Since T cannot be divided, go to STEP 3.
STEP3	DETERMINE TOTAL STROKE-COUNT	Counting the strokes of the entire character yields a stroke-count of 3. This gives the second part of the SKIP number as 3: T И4-3-
STEP 4	IDENTIFY SOLID SUBPATTERN	Since T contains a line on top, we identify it as belonging to subpattern П 1, top line. This gives the third part of the SKIP number as 1: T И4-3-1
		SKIP number of T : И4-3-1
3.3 Index Method
After determining the SKIP number of your
character, it must be located it in the main part
of the dictionary. The surest way to do this is
by the Index Method.
The gist of this method is simple. Flip through
the Pattern Index until you locate the pattern
number and subsection number for your
character. When searching for a divisible
character, scan the subgroup guides to locate
SKIP
884
your shaded part. Next, find your character of the dictionary until you find your entry
and its entry number. Finally, turn the pages number.
How to Use the Index Method
DETERMINE THE ENTRY NUMBER IN THE PATTERN INDEX, THEN LOCATE YOUR ENTRY CHARACTER		
STEP1	LOCATE PATTERN Turn the pages of the Pattern Index until you locate the pattern number (the first part of the SKIP number) which corresponds to your character. Use the pattern guides in the upper, outer corners of the pages. =>How to Use the Pattern Index on p. 982	
STEP 2	LOCATE SUBSECTION Continue turning the pages until you locate the subsection number (the second and third parts of the SKIP number) which corresponds to your character. Use the red subsection guides in the left part of the column. =>How to Use the Pattern Index on p. 982	
	E1 H2 ПЗ	 4
STEP3	LOCATE SUBGROUP Scan the column of subgroup guides until you locate the one which corresponds to the shaded part of your character. =>Pattern Index on p. 984	OMIT Since solid characters cannot be divided, they are not grouped by subgroup elements.
STEP 4	DETERMINE ENTRY NUMBER Scan the column of characters until you locate your character and its entry number.	
STEP 5	LOCATE ENTRY CHARACTER Turn the pages of the dictionary until you locate the one which includes your entry number, then scan that page until you locate your entry character. Use the entry number guides in the lower, outer corners of the pages. =>§2.7 SKIP Guides	
3.4 Direct Method
After determining the SKIP number of your
character, there is a second method for locat-
ing your entry. This is called the Direct
Method, and is usually faster than the Index
Method. The gist of this method is as follows.
Turn the pages of the dictionary (without
referring to the Pattern Index) until you locate
the pattern number and subsection number
for your character. Scanning the subgroup
guides or entry guides, continue turning the
pages until you locate your entry character.
885
SKIP
How to Use the Direct Method
LOCATE YOUR ENTRY CHARACTER DIRECTLY FROM ITS SKIP NUMBER		
STEP1	LOCATE PATTERN Turn the pages of the dictionary until you locate the pattern number (the first part of the SKIP number) which corresponds to your character. Use the pattern guides in the upper, outer corners of the pages. =>§2.7 SKIP Guides	
STEP 2	LOCATE SUBSECTION Continue turning the pages until you locate the subsection number (the second and third parts of the SKIP number) which corresponds to your character. Use the subsection guides in the upper, outer corners of the pages. =>§2.7 SKIP Guides 		
	El B2 03	 4
STEP3	LOCATE SUBGROUP Continue turning the pages until your subgroup element appears in red within the subgroup guide in the outer margins. HINT: Subgroup elements that are radicals are ordered by radical number. =>§2.7 SKIP Guides =>§2.5 Classification Scheme =>§3.6 Hints for Speed	OMIT Since solid characters are not grouped by subgroup element, go to STEP 4.
STEP 4	LOCATE CHARACTER Continue turning the pages until you locate your entry character.	LOCATE CHARACTER Continue turning the pages until your entry character appears in red within the entry guide in the outer margins.
	HINT: The divisible characters in a given subgroup and the indivisible characters in a given subsection are further classified by entry type and ordered alphabeti- cally by their principal readings. =>§2.5 Classification Scheme =>§3.6 Hints for Speed	
3.5 Scan Method
3.5.1 A Powerful Shortcut To locate an
entry character, it is normally necessary to
count the strokes of the character's compo-
nents to determine its SKIP number. While
mastering the techniques explained in Appen-
dix 2. How to Count Strokes helps, counting
the strokes of complex characters could be an
error-prone, laborious task.
The Scan Method is a powerful shortcut that
makes it possible to dispense with counting
the strokes of elements of high stroke-count.
Since such characters are relatively few and
SKIP
886
appear close together, it is only necessary to
find their approximate location and then scan
the vicinity. For complex characters, this is
much faster than counting strokes to deter-
mine the SKIP number.
The Scan Method is used for locating divisible
characters that have shaded or blank parts of
high stroke-count, or indivisible characters of
high total stroke-count. Basically, “high
stroke-count” refers to approximately 12 or
more strokes. It is not sufficient for the total
stroke-count of a divisible character to be
high; one of its parts must have 12 or more
strokes. For example, although {я (blank part
15 strokes) is ideally suited for this method, Hi
(total 18 strokes) is not, since neither Ж (10
strokes) nor Ж (8 strokes) has 12 strokes.
The higher the stroke-count is, the shorter the
scanning distance and the better the method
works. If the shaded part has, for instance, 15
or more strokes, characters can be located
almost immediately.
Finding a character by the Scan Method con-
sists of four steps:
1.	Identify the pattern See §4 How to
Identify the Pattern for details.
2.	Divide the character In the case of divis-
ible characters, divide the character to de-
termine the shaded part. In the case of in-
divisible characters, omit this step. Don’t
count strokes. See §5 How to Divide the
Character for details.
3.	Find the Approximate Location To find
a divisible character by the Scan Method, it
is first necessary to determine the ap-
proximate location from where to begin
the scan. This is the vicinity where the sub-
section numbers begin with or end in 14;
that is, 14-1, 14-2, 14-3 for characters with
shaded parts of high stroke-count, or 1-14,
2-14, 3-14 for characters with blank parts
of high stroke-count. Be sure to use the
subsection guides to find your subsection
as quickly as possible.
Though fourteen is often the optimal
approximate location, you can start the
search at, for instance, 16 or 13, if that
seems more appropriate. With a little prac-
tice you should soon be able to find the
approximate location in a few seconds.
4.	Scan Scan the subgroup guides to locate
the shaded part of your character by turn-
ing the pages until your subgroup element
turns red, then scan the entry characters
within that subgroup until you locate your
character.
3.	5.2 Instruction Chart Essentially, the Scan
Method consists of turning to the approximate
location and scanning until you locate your
character. The chart below is a step-by-step
example of how to locate Й by scanning.
The Scan Method can be carried out in two
ways:
1. Determine the entry number of your char-
acter by scanning the Pattern Index. This is
similar to the Index Method.
2. Locate your entry directly by scanning the
main part of the dictionary without using
the Pattern Index. This is similar to the Di-
rect Method.
In either case, there is no need to determine
the subsection number, nor to count strokes,
since you locate your subsection by finding
the approximate location and then scanning.
887
SKIP
Example: Find Й by the Scan Method
INSTRUCTIONS	EXAMPLE: Find Ж
O IDENTIFY PATTERN =>§4 How to Identify the Pattern	Since Я can be divided into up-down parts, we identify it as belonging to pattern В 2.
0 DIVIDE CHARACTER If your character belongs to pattern E 1, В 2, or □ 3, divide it into two parts. =>§5 How to Divide the Character	Dividing Й into up-down parts yields ft, the shaded part, and the blank part.
6 FIND APPROXIMATE LOCATION Using the pattern and subsection guides, turn to your pattern section and go to the vicinity where the subsection numbers begin with 14; i.e., 14-1, 14-2, 14-3, etc.	Turn to the subsection numbers beginning with 14 under pattern В 2. This can be done quickly by finding the beginning of the pat- tern □ 3 section and working your way backwards.
0 LOCATE CHARACTER BY SCANNING Using the subgroup guides, scan until you locate your entry character.	Scanning the subgroup guides quickly leads you to st, the shaded part of Й. You then easily locate your entry character in subsec- tion 16-6.
The Scan Method can also be used for locating
indivisible characters of high stroke-count,
especially over 10. Simply turn to the very end
of the Pattern Index or of the dictionary, and
search the vicinity until you find it. As there
are very few characters of this kind, you
should find your entry almost immediately.
The Scan Method may sound complicated on
paper, but it is actually very simple to use.
There is no need to think of it as consisting of
distinct steps. Essentially, you swiftly move
from one subgroup to another using the sub-
group guides as visual signposts. For charac-
ters of high stroke-count, you can even scan
the entry characters directly without using the
subgroup guides, since the scanning distance
is short.
Don't bother using the Scan Method unless it
suits your taste—any character can always be
found reliably with the Index Method.
3.6 Hints for Speed
Every effort has been made to eliminate
guesswork and make SKIP an efficient and
reliable system. Below are various time-saving
hints and shortcuts that will help you locate
entries with maximum speed and minimum
effort.
1.	Pattern identification Since SKIP rules
are based on intuition, it is often possible
to identify the correct pattern at once by
merely looking at the character. When in
doubt, the best guide is the SKIP Patterns
Chart appearing inside the front cover,
which has been carefully designed to make
it easy to identify the pattern quickly with-
out thinking about the rules.
2.	Counting strokes The ability to count
SKIP
888
strokes quickly and accurately will make it
easier to determine the SKIP number faster.
Although many cross-references appear at
incorrect stroke-count locations, it is
worthwhile to learn the stroke counting
techniques explained in Appendix 2. How
to Count Strokes. Particularly effective is
memorizing the stroke-counts of high-
frequency radicals and difficult-to-count
elements.
3.	Index vs. Direct The main advantage of
the Direct Method is that it dispenses with
the need for searching through the Pattern
Index. It is usually faster than the Index
Method, but for some characters the re-
verse may be true. A distinct advantage of
the Index Method is its high reliability;
once the entry number is located in the in-
dex, the desired entry character can be
found with great speed and no hesitation.
Try both methods and use the one that
best suits your personal taste.
4.	To scan or not to scan Normally, to
locate a character it is first necessary to de-
termine its SKIP number. This is a safe
method that works reliably all the time.
The Scan Method, on the other hand, is a
kind of rough, speedy shortcut. Its main
advantage is that there is no need to count
the strokes of complex elements. For char-
acters containing parts of 12 or more
strokes (e.g. Й), it could considerably
speed up the search, but for characters
containing parts of medium stroke-count
(say 7 or 8), it is inefficient or totally use-
less.
5.	Scanning If you cannot locate a charac-
ter from its SKIP number, there is a chance
that you have miscounted by one stroke.
Rather than count again, you might save
time by looking for your entry character in
the next or in the previous subsection.
6.	SKIP guides Be sure to make full use of
the various SKIP guides (§2.7), which are
designed to facilitate speedy retrieval. Par-
ticularly useful are the red current sub-
group guides and current entry guides in
the outer margins, which help you swiftly
zero in on the item you are searching for.
7.	Subgroup Elements The divisible char-
acters in a given subsection are grouped by
subgroup element (§2.3). If you are using
the Index Method, you can quickly locate
your element by skimming through the
subgroup guides of the Pattern Index. If
you are using the Direct Method, you can
speed up the search by keeping in mind
that (1) the current subgroup element ap-
pears in red in the subgroup guides, and
(2) that subgroup elements that are radi-
cals appear in order of their radical num-
bers, followed by those that are not radicals.
8.	Principal reading In the final stage of
the search, you may locate your character
more quickly by keeping in mind that the
entries are ordered alphabetically by their
principal readings, which is usually the
most common on reading. If you know the
reading of your character, this may speed
up the search.
4 HOW TO IDENTIFY THE PATTERN
4.1 Pattern Identification
To identify the pattern, just look at the charac-
ter (or imagine it in your mind's eye) and
decide to which pattern it belongs. Most of the
time, your intuition will lead you to the correct
classification at once. If you have trouble
classifying your character, a glance at the SKIP
Patterns Chart inside the front cover should
usually enable you to easily identify the pat-
tern without referring to the formal rules given
below
889
SKIP
4.2 Pattern Identification Rules
О DETERMINE TO WHICH OF THE FOUR PATTERNS YOUR CHARACTER BELONGS D 1 CHARACTERS THAT CAN BE DIVIDED INTO LEFT AND RIGHT PARTS (a)	The resulting parts must be separated by a space. (b)	The resulting division must be more or less vertical.	Right	Wrong
	ffl /Ь ж 4-5 1-2 1-11 & 2-5 3-4 3-3	и-	ffl	ft 1-3	1-4	2-6 ffl	®	% 3-2	3-5	3-3
В 2 CHARACTERS THAT CAN BE DIVIDED INTO TOP AND BOT- TOM PARTS (a)	The resulting parts must be separated by a space, horizontal line, or frame element. (b)	The resulting division need not be hori- zontal.	—	if 1-1	3-3	2-3 £	*	# 2-4	3-3	5-4	ffl 1-2 4-2 Ffl N 8-4 4-3 2-2
□ 3 CHARACTERS THAT CAN BE DIVIDED BY AN ENCLOSURE ELEMENT (a)	The resulting parts may be separated by a space or be in full physical contact. (b)	The resulting division must be more or less rectangular.	it PO i 3-8 8-3 3-5 ffl JA M 2-3	3-2	2-2	A	(fl	a 1-1	3-4	4-3 > 4-3	3-3	5-4
 4 CHARACTERS THAT CANNOT BE CLASSIFIED UNDER PAT- TERNS E 1, В 2, OR □ 3	m e ф 4 8-1 5-2 4-3 3-4	ffl В zk 2-1 4-1 4-3
О IF A CHARACTER CAN BE CLASSIFIED UNDER MORE THAN ONE PATTERN, SELECT THE ONE THAT FOL- LOWS THE NATURAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE CHARACTER	Я В 2-5-2 «В2-6-9	йВ1-2-5 fflП1-7-8
О DO NOT VIOLATE THE PRINCIPLE OF ELEMENT INTEGRITY 1.	NEVER BREAK THROUGH STROKES 2.	NEVER BREAK THROUGH INDIVISIBLE UNITS 3.	NEVER MAKE UNNATURAL DIVISIONS	□ 4-3-1 1W В1-3-8 ffl В 2-6-9	□ B2-1-3 «В1-1-10 ffl И1-7-8
5 HOW TO DIVIDE THE CHARACTER
5.1 Character Division
The imaginary line that divides the character
splits it into a pattern that roughly resembles
the pattern symbol. Sometimes you may not
be sure at which point the division should be
made, since some characters (such as Л I,
and Ж) may contain several points at which a
division could conceivably be made.
SKIP
890
To divide such characters correctly, it is im-
portant that you get a clear understanding of
the concept of division points, which is de-
scribed in the next section. The most impor-
tant thing to remember is: if there is more
than one way to divide a character, divide at
the first division point.
When dividing a character, be sure not to
violate the principle of element integrity. This
rule prohibits breaking through strokes or
indivisible units. For example, you must not
divide characters such as П into I and □,
or characters such as 'IW at the first dot » . It
also prohibits making unnatural divisions. For
example, should be classified under D 1,
and not be divided into up and down parts,
i.e., '""‘and'/M.
5.2 Division Points
The first rule for dividing the pattern is: DIVIDE
THE CHARACTER INTO TWO PARTS AT THE F/RST DIVISION
POINT. That is, if there are several ways in which
a character can be divided, always divide at the
first place possible.
Division Points
Division point A space, horizontal line, frame element, or enclosure ele- ment at which it may be possible to divide a character. A division point is not necessarily the point at which a charac- ter is actually divided according to SKIP rules.	Examples
	JU	JU	ffi	=	в	£ 1-2	2-4	2-11	1-2	1-6	2-2 Ж	ВТ	Я	ft	ж	® 3-9	5-2	12-6	2-8	1-6	4-7
Space A gap or breaking point between elements. A clear space is a clearly visible gap, especially one formed by parallel strokes or elements. A conceptual space is a natural breaking point where one would expect a gap; i.e., a gap that may not be visible because the elements are crowded closely together.	
Attachment One or more usually short strokes, stroke segments, or ele- ments in physical contact, or almost in physical contact, with the main body of an element. Top attachments are never separated from a main element except when dividing by frame element. Side or end attach- ments are never separated from the main element. Top attachments Side attachments End attachments	й Ж # fc Й *₽ ж г ю Ж 4- 4г 4
891
SKIP
Horizontal line A horizontal, or almost horizontal, stroke not intersected by any other strokes. Division by horizontal line applies only to pattern В 2.	e s	x	« 3-3	3-5	2-2	2-7	5-3 3-10
Frame element A combination of strokes or stroke segments forming a figure enclosed on two, three, or four sides. Division by frame element applies only to pattern В 2.	W ft	Й £ 2-3 2-6 4-2 3-3 2-7 2-2
Enclosure element A completely exterior element that encloses the rest of a character on two or more sides. Division by enclosure ele- ment applies only to pattern □ 3.	it	Ю Й IS	0 3-8	2-4	3-8	8-4 2-5	3-3
Pattern Division Concepts
Element integrity	A principle that consists of three parts: (1) Never break through strokes, (2) Never break through indivisible units, and (3) Never make unnatural divisions.	
Indivisible unit	A combination of strokes regarded as an indivisible whole.	R □ iW
Unnatural division	Division of a character in a manner that is in con- flict with the way it is intuitively perceived as a combination of certain constituent parts.	Ж «
5.3 Character Division Rules
MAIN RULES	Right	Wrong
О DIVIDE THE CHARACTER INTO TWO PARTS AT THE FIRST DIVISION POINT D GOING FROM LEFT TO RIGHT, DIVIDE AT THE FIRST SPACE Divide at the first clear or conceptual space.	ВД /Ь й 4-4 1-2 3-3	2-1	9-3
SKIP
892
В GOING FROM TOP TO BOTTOM, DIVIDE AT THE FIRST SPACE, HORIZONTAL LINE, OR FRAME ELEMENT, WHICHEVER COMES FIRST (я) Divide at the first clear or conceptual space. (b)	Divide after the first horizontal line. The horizontal line, along with its side, top, and end attachments, goes to the top. (c)	Divide at the first point where the first frame element is encountered. Top at- tachments become part of the top (shaded) part. (d)	When dividing by horizontal line or by frame element, each part must have at least two strokes.	—	W 1-2	2-4	2-8 Ф	S	Ж	¥ 3-4	3-5	5-8	2-4 w	s	ж	Ж 2-3	3-3	2-7	4-2 Ж 2-6	2-2	2-2	2-2	—	□x	& 2-1	3-3	6-4 Ж 2-5	5-3	8-5 g	% 4-3	6-2 т	t	т	a 1-2	2-1	1-1	1-4
□ GOING FROM THE OUTSIDE TOWARD THE INSIDE, DIVIDE AFTER THE FIRST ENCLOSURE ELEMENT Separate the first enclosure element from the rest of the character, whether it is sepa- rated from it by a clear or conceptual space, or is in full physical contact with it.	Й it ffl s 3-6 3-8 8-3 3-2	Й Ж 7-2 11-5
© DO NOT VIOLATE THE PRINCIPLE OF ELEMENT INTEGRITY 1.	NEVER BREAK THROUGH STROKES 2.	NEVER BREAK THROUGH INDIVISIBLE UNITS 3.	NEVER MAKE UNNATURAL DIVISIONS	И □ 3-2-2 WU 1-3-8 ЖПЗ-4-2 ЖЕ1-3-10	ME1-1-4 1WE1-1-10 Ж В 2-2-4 Ж В 2-4-9
COROLLARIES О EACH PART MUST HAVE AT LEAST ONE STROKE © THE SHADED PART MUST NOT BE FURTHER DIVISIBLE UNDER THE SAME PATTERN	ME 1-4-4 □ 4-3-1 ?ME 1-3-9 ЛЙЕ1-1-11	МПЗ-8-0 □ □3-3-0 ffl Е1-10-2 ЙЕ1-3-9
6 HOW TO SUBCLASSIFY THE SOLID
PATTERN
6.1 Subclassification of Solid Pattern
Characters that cannot be divided according
to SKIP rules are referred to as indivisible or
solid characters, and are classified under
pattern  4. They are arranged in ascending
order of their total stroke-counts and are
subclassified into four solid subpatterns. The
893
SKIP
second part of the SKIP number indicates the
total stroke-count of the character, whereas
the third part indicates one of the four solid
subpatterns. T, for example, is a three-stroke
character containing a top line (subpattern
П 1), giving a SKIP number of  4-3-1.
6.2 Solid Subpatterns
A formal definition of each solid subpattern is
given below.
	Solid Subpattern	Example
П1	Top Line A horizontal, or almost horizontal, stroke or stroke seg- ment extending across the very top of a solid character.	T	M	Ж	A 3-1	6-1	8-1	3-1	3-1 д	□	®	w 5-1	3-1	7-1	14-1
□ 2	Bottom Line A horizontal, or almost horizontal, stroke or stroke seg- ment extending across the very bottom of a solid character.	-t	±	t	E	Й 2-2	3-2	3-2	5-2	5-2 1=1	jfn.	IU	Ж 6-2	6-2	8-2	9-2
□0 3	Through Line A perfectly vertical stroke or stroke segment intersecting another stroke of a solid character and extending over its entire, or almost its entire, length.	Ф	3"	Ж	Ж	Ж 4-3	2-3	4-3	5-3	6-3 Ж	Ж	Ж	Ж 7-3	7-3	9-3	11-3
□4	Others Solid characters that cannot be classified under subpatterns □ 1,Q2,or[E3.	Л	Л.	Л	Л 2-4	2-4	3-4	4-4	4-4 5Ё	Ж	& 5-4	6-4	6-4	9-4
6.3 Pattern Subclassification Rules
О DETERMINE ТО WHICH OF THE FOUR SOLID SUBPATTERNS YOUR CHARACTER BELONGS П 1 CHARACTERS THAT CONTAIN A TOP LINE □	2 CHARACTERS THAT CONTAIN A BOTTOM LINE U 3 CHARACTERS THAT CONTAIN A THROUGH LINE □	4 CHARACTERS THAT DO NOT CONTAIN A TOP LINE, BOTTOM LINE, OR THROUGH LINE	Right	Wrong
	в	т	ж	ж 8-1	3-1	6-1	8-1 ±	E	S 3-2	5-2	8-2 Ф	Ж	Ж 4-3	8-3	4-3 Ж	Л	Й 3-4	3-4	7-4	Л	Ж	Ж	Е 2-1	3-1	8-1	5-1 Lil	&	W 3-2	5-2	8-2 7к	Ж	Ж	Ж 4-3	3-3	4-3	7-3 A J 6-4	3-4	4-4	6-4
0 IF A CHARACTER CAN BE CLASSIFIED UNDER MORE THAN ONE SUBPATTERN, THE SUBPAT- TERN WITH THE SMALLEST NUMBER TAKES PRECEDENCE	ее	e	®	ж 4-1	3-1	7-1	8-1 Ж	Ж	ф 5-2	5-2	5-1	ЗЕ	В	Ж	Ж 4-2	3-2	7-2	8-3 Ж	Ж	Ф 5-3	5-3	5-3
SKIP
894
APPENDIX 2
HOW TO COUNT STROKES
В О & X A
1 Introduction
Chinese characters consist of one or more
interconnected line segments called strokes.
Most character dictionaries, including this one,
require the user to count strokes. This appen-
dix briefly explains the principles of counting
strokes, and includes several supplementary
charts to help speed up the counting process.
The ability to count strokes quickly and accu-
rately is useful in two ways: (1) it helps you use
character dictionaries more efficiently, and (2)
it helps you write the characters correctly by
making you aware of where one stroke ends
and the next one begins.
Stroke counting may be difficult for two rea-
sons:
1. The standard typeface used in Japan often
includes ornamental serifs that make a
character appear to have a stroke-count
different from its handwritten form. For
example, S appears to have nine strokes
in its printed form, but has only eight
strokes in its written form (^l).
2. For the beginner, it is sometimes difficult
to tell where one stroke ends and the next
one begins. An element such as □, for ex-
ample, may be viewed as consisting of four
separate line segments, of two L-shaped
components (l_ + ~1), of one continuous
line, or of three segments (I + ~1 + —).
Only the last division is considered correct
according to the traditional method of
counting strokes.
In this dictionary, we have made every effort
to ease the task of locating difficult-to-count
characters by cross-referencing them at com-
mon incorrect stroke-count locations. For
example, “F is a three-stroke character cross-
referenced under two strokes. Nevertheless, to
attain maximum speed, it is worthwhile to
master the stroke counting principles given
below.
2 Stroke Counting Principles
To count strokes with complete accuracy, a
knowledge of how to write the characters is
necessary (see Appendix 3. How to Write Kanji
in the NJECD). For practical purposes, how-
ever, the guidelines below will enable even the
complete beginner to count strokes accurately
with just a little practice.
1. Learn to recognize the basic strokes. A
stroke is defined as a character element
such as a dot or line segment traditionally
written with one sweep of the brush or pen.
To rephrase: if a line or element is written
continuously without lifting the pen or
brush, it is considered a single stroke. To
the beginner, however, it may not always
be obvious what constitutes “one sweep,”
or when to lift the pen. It is thus necessary
to learn to recognize the basic stroke types.
Strokes may be straight I ), diagonal
(J ^ ), orbent ( —I L fti). The chart below
shows elements that must always be
counted as single strokes.
895
STROKE COUNTING
Basic Strokes
Strokes	Examples
1 —	— in Д
2 7 1 -? Д Ь	in
3 1	) J ] )	1 in
4 L L 2- <	V in
5 L- L L	I in 41
6 г	ь	in
7 '	\ -	in Ж
8 7 э ’	? in £2
2. Ignore serifs. There are various flips,
hooks, and protrusions sometimes found
at the ends of strokes that must be ignored
when counting. Many of these are merely
ornamental serifs (shown by small circles
in the chart below) appearing in the
printed form that are not considered
strokes in their own right. It is the hand-
written form (square style), not the printed
form (Ming typeface), that forms the basis
for stroke counting. The chart below lists
typical characters of this kind.
STROKE COUNTING
896
Apparent and Actual Stroke-Counts
Ming Typeface	Apparent stroke-count	Square style	Actual stroke-count
	9		8
(^4	6		5
Д	8	Я	7
	9		8
	6		5
	11	%	10
Ji	5	th	4
(ft	5		4
Count element by element, rather than
stroke by stroke. Do not count all the
strokes of a complex character in one pass.
It is easier to break the character up into
several components, count the strokes of
each component, then add the subtotals to
get the total stroke-count. For example, to
determine the stroke-count of IB, count as
follows: (6) + I (4) + Л (2) = 12. This
method is especially effective if you have
memorized the stroke-counts of the im-
portant radicals.
4. Memorize the stroke-counts of important
radicals. Since certain radicals occur very
frequently as character components,
memorizing the stroke-counts of high-
frequency radicals will help you count
strokes faster. The most frequently occur-
ring radicals are listed below in increasing
order of their stroke-counts. The numeral
to the right of each radical is its radical
number, which is followed by a typical
character in which it occurs.
897
STROKE COUNTING
Important Radicals
Count	Radical	Example	Count	Radical	Example	Count	Radical	Example
1	1	—1		'Г 61	ft		116	
2	8	Ж		1 64	ff		ПП 122	ft
	{	9	t		'7 85	&		145	ft
	JL io			$ 94			A-л- ne	
	/к 2			140	ft		% 119	
	Ij 18			X_ 162	&		£ 120	
	Л 19	in		[5 163	SU		I 128	US
	t 24	tf		|5 170	Й7		1 137	D
	P 26	ff	4	-% 62			4 142	ft
	Г 27			%. 66			1 149	Illi
3	P 30	nt		В 72	ВЛ		M 154	M
	□ 31	0		Я 74			1 154	Й?
	t 32	ж		t 75	ft		8 157	
	Л 37	£		X 76	&		4 159	
	% 38	ff		4 86			6 164	№
	J 39			86		8	4 167	
	40			Ф 93	№		Fl 169	и
	41			I 96			ft 172	
	P 44	R		% 113	te		sE- 173	ж
	Il 46			Я 130	Й		t 184	ft
	ш 46	ё	5	EH юг	I®	9	Я 181	ли
	Ф 50			R 104	w	10	S 187	ж
	Г 53	Ja		@ 109		11	1 195	S9
	3 57	за		5 112	CT			
	60			? 115				
5. Memorize the stroke-counts of difficult-to-
count elements. The stroke-count of some
elements is difficult to determine without
some knowledge of how to write them. For
example, -T (Radical 39) is a three-stroke
element that is often miscounted as a two-
stroke element.
The most common elements of this kind
are listed below, accompanied by their cor-
rect and incorrect stroke-counts and typi-
cal character examples, which are followed
by their total stroke-counts. Pay special at-
tention to the elements marked by an aster-
isk. Memorizing their stroke-counts will
help you count strokes with greater speed
and accuracy. The Variant column gives a
variant of the element (usually an old
form) that slightly differs from it in form
and consequently in stroke-count.
STROKE COUNTING
898
Incorrect Stroke-Counts
Element	Right	Wrong	Example	Variant
b	1	2	4 з	
7	1	2	'S з	
7	2	1	7 2	
|5	3	2	К 7	
|5	3	2	Я5 7	
	3	2	a 4	
1|	2	3	4	l| 2
	*	3	2	5	4
	3	2 or 4	г в	
	3	2	g 7	
X	3	4	9	4
Ik*	3	4	Ш 6	
□*	3	4	ffi 7	
5 *	3	4	51 4	
tt	4	3	If 9	
	4	3	W 8	a* 3
4*	4	3	IW 10	Ф 3
-H-	3	4	7Ё 7	
-+‘-	4	3	8	
e	5	4	IE 12	
	5	4	® 11	
if	5	4	8	4
I	5	4	® 12	
lit	6	5	« 10	
a	6	5	Ж 18	
e*	7	6	18	
	9	8	11	
her aid to learning how to count
ou may wish to check the stroke-
individual characters. Refer to the
reference data box for your entry character,
which gives detailed stroke-count data (see §4
on p. 37a)
899
STROKE COUNTING
APPENDIX 3
KANA AND ROMANIZATION
£ г □ - v x
The Japanese writing system uses two phonetic syllabaries, called
hiragana and katakana. Hiragana is used primarily to write
grammatical elements and certain native Japanese words. Katakana is
mostly used to write Western loanwords. A brief description of капа
and romanization appears below. For a detailed treatment refer to
Appendix 4	ofthe New Japanese-English Character Dictionary.
1.	Капа Syllabary
The basic капа syllables are arranged in a table called the Sl+eF Й gojuonzu ‘table of 50 sounds’
(though it only has 48 syllables). The table of basic sounds, which consists of ten columns ar-
ranged in five rows, can be written in either hiragana or katakana. In the tables below, the Hep-
burn romanization of each syllable is given in red, followed by hiragana and katakana immedi-
ately below. In either system, the symbols represent the same sounds.
Basic Sounds
a & 7	ka	sa $ it	ta 9	na & i~	ha A	ma £	ya V	ra b	wa 7	n Zu
i	ki	shi	chi	ni	hi	mi		ri	i	
		L		IZ				0	[£>]	
	A	z/	7	—	t			u	[4]	
u	ku	su	tsu	nu	fu	mu	yu	ru		
Z)	<	r	7)	&	Л>	tr	Ф	§		
V		л	У	7	7	A	ZL			
e	ke	se	te	ne	he	me		re	e	
A	It	it	X	fa				n	[Д]	
X	У	dz				7		к	[XI	
о		so	to	no	ho	mo	yo	ro	О	
4э		X	г	0	15		J;	6	&	
A	□	у	b	7	zh	X	H	□	7	
[ ] indicates obsolete characters
REMARKS:
1.	The syllables L shi, chi, О tsu, A fu, and о are not phonetically uniform with the
other syllables in the same column.
2.	Although 'X and 11 are normally pronounced he and ha, they are pronounced e and wa
when used as particles, e.g., ИЖ’Мт < is pronounced kare wa umi e iku.
KANA AND ROMANIZATION
900
2.	Voiced Sounds
The voiceless consonants k, s, t, and h are turned into the voiced sounds g, z, d, and b ($§la
dakuon) by adding a diacritical mark called dakuten or 0 nigori ( ) to the right of the
капа character. Another mark, called	handakuten (°), is used to write the p sound.
(Phonetically, p is a voiceless consonant, but traditionally it is treated together with the b
sounds.)
Voiced Sounds
ga 3	za if	da Zf У	ba kf	pa Ц° A°
gi	ji	ji	bi	Pi
	13		a'	U
	:/		t	tf
gu	ZU	ZU	bu	pu
<	r	У		
У	X'	J	У	У
ge	ze	de	be	ре
tf	if	T	✓X	/X
У	if	'T	A	
go	zo	do	bo	po
		£	tf	Й
У	У	В		4?
3.	Palatalized Sounds
Syllables ending in / can be followed by a small ф ya, Ф yu, or <k yo to form new combinations
pronounced as a single syllable. For example, cf is combined with to give cf kya. These
contracted or palatalized sounds are called yoon in Japanese.
Palatalized Sounds
kya	sha	cha	nya	hya	mya	rya
						(9^
			—-V	tv		ij
kyu	shu	chu	nyu	hyu	myu	ryu
						
			—Л.	ta	ZL	Уз
kyo	sho	cho	nyo	hyo	myo	ryo
c?=k					<^ck	19 «к
		f 3	^3	ta	^3	Us
901
KANA AND ROMANIZATION
Voiced sounds are also combined in a similar manner to form the syllables shown below:
Palatalized Voiced Sounds
gya	ja	ja	bya	Pya
				ОЧ3
34	S/V			tfv
gyu	ju	ju	byu	pyu
				w
Л.	5/CL		e'sL	
gyo	jo	jo	byo	РУО
			№	№
^3	i/3	^з	Ез	h°3
4.	Long Vowels
Japanese vowels are of two kinds: short vowels tan'on) and long vowels (Д § choon). A
long vowel is pronounced approximately twice as long as a short vowel. Except in katakana
loanwords, sounds ending in o, /, or и are lengthened by adding the капа character for the corre-
sponding vowel:
7^	+	&	&$)	ka
gT	+	H	—>	сГИ	kii
<	+	5	< □	кй
Sounds ending in о are normally lengthened by adding the vowel 5 to a sound ending in o, as in
kd, but in a small number of exceptions, as in	(XcfH) okii ‘big’, is used in-
stead of O for historical reasons.
Sounds ending in e are sometimes lengthened by adding A, as in fax. ne, but more often by
adding V^, as in 1)0 kei. The vowel of a palatalized sound is lengthened in the same way as an
ordinary sound, as in gT <£ 5) куб.
The main difference between hiragana and katakana is that in writing katakana loanwords long
vowels are indicated by adding to the previous character a dash-like symbol called
choonfu:
A +------>	ka
A +------>	ki
/7 +----->	77—	kQ
У	+----->	У—	кё
□	+----->	кд
+	“	—*	gya
5.	Double Consonants
The consonants k, s, sh, t, ch, and p can be doubled. In katakana loanwords, other consonants,
such as d and g, are sometimes doubled.
KANA AND ROMANIZATION
902
Double consonants are indicated by a small o placed before the consonant to be doubled, and
by /Q/ in phonemic transcription. Both basic sounds and palatalized sounds can be doubled, as
shown below.

ftp Ж kekka
jRs'Zi hatchu
НВЖ kassai
hassha
ketto
(j'o of J; < £д kekkyoku
11 о Й <	Й keppaku
^y В	beddo
A double consonant sokuon) lasts twice as long as an ordinary consonant, with a slight
pause in the middle. However, in the case of sh and ch, it is pronounced as shown by the roman-
ized spellings above.
6.	Romanization Systems
There are several systems for romanizing Japanese, the most important of which are the Hepburn
system	hebonshiki) and the Kunrei system (BJIItjkunreishiki). The Nippon system
from the late nineteenth century is not much used today and has been replaced by the Kunrei
system.
With the rapid spread of word processors, a new “system” evolved, which for lack of a better
name will be referred to as the Wapuro system (from U'— ВУсН£1Ь“ wadopurosesa ‘word
processor’). This is actually more of an input system, rather than a romanization system, and has
many variants. Only the most important variants are shown here.
The romanization used in this dictionary is the widely used Hepburn system, with the slight
modifications adopted in Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary.
The tables below show the main differences between the three systems. Syllables not appearing in
these tables are romanized in the same way in all three systems.
Basic Sounds
Капа	Hepburn	Kunrei	Wapuro
L	shi	si	shi/si
15	Ji	zi	ji/zi
	chi	ti	chi/ti
	ji	zi	di
Z)	tsu	tu	tsu/tu
О	ZU	ZU	du
	fu	hu	fu/hu
£	о	о	wo
hj	n	n	n/nn
903
KANA AND ROMANIZATION
Palatalized Sounds			
Капа	Hepburn	Kunrei	Wapuro
	sha	sya	shaZsya
L «Ф	shu	syu	shuZsyu
	sho	syo	shoZsyo
	ja	zya	jaZzya
	ju	zyu	juZzyu
	jo	zyo	joZzyo
	cha	tya	chaZtya
	chu	tyu	chuZtyu
	cho	tyo	choZtyo
	ja	zya	dya
е'Ф	ju	zyu	dyu
	jo	zyo	dyo
Long Vowels			
Капа	Hepburn	Kunrei	Wapuro
#>$>	а	а	аа
НИ	ii	ii	ii
99	й	й	ии
лл	ё	ё	ее
АН	ei	ei	ei
	б	б	ои
	б	б	оо
7-	а	а	а-
	i	।	i-
	й	й	и-
х—	ё	ё	е-
А—	б	6	о-
7.	Guide to Japanese Pronunciation
A kanji dictionary is not the place for a detailed treatment of Japanese pronunciation, but for the
convenience of the user, here is a description of the Japanese sounds and how to pronounce them.
The basic Japanese sounds (phonemes) are given between slashes in Hepburn romanization.
Syllabic hj is represented by ZNZ, as opposed to ordinary ZnZ. Double consonants are considered
separate sounds and are represented by ZQZ.
Those who know the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) can get a much better idea of the
sounds from the IPA transcription given inside the square brackets. You can also point your
browser to the KDPS website at www.kanji.org to hear the actual sounds.
ZaZ	[a]	approx, as a in father, but shorter
ZiZ	[i]	approx, like ее in sheet, but shorter
[i] at word end or between voiceless consonants ZkZ, ZtZ, ZpZ, ZsZ, ZshZ, ZhZ, ZfZ, often
becomes almost silent (voiceless) when unstressed
ZuZ [ш] approx, like oo in look, pronounced by compressing the sides of the lips without
rounding them
[u] at word end or between voiceless consonants ZkZ, ZtZ, ZpZ, ZsZ, ZshZ, ZhZ, ZfZ, often
becomes almost silent (voiceless) when unstressed
ZeZ	[e]	approx, like e in set
ZoZ	[o]	approx, like the first half of oa in soar
ZkZ	[k]	like к in karate
/%/	[g]	like g in game
[ij]	in noninitial position, sometimes like ng in sing
ZsZ	[s]	approx, like s in see
ZshZ	[g]	approx, like sh in sheet, but produced further back
KANA AND ROMANIZATION
904
/j/ [dz] approx, like j in Jim, but produced further back
[z] between vowels, after /N/, and after /Q/, approx, like g in mirage
/z/ [dz] in initial position, after /N/, and after /Q/, like ds in words
[z] between vowels, like z in zoo
/t/	[t] like t in tin
/ch/	[tq]	approx, like ch	in cheer, but	produced further back
/ts/	[ts]	like ts in cats but pronounced as a single sound
/d/	[d]	like d in dart
Ini	[n]	like n in net
[ji] before /у/, and sometimes before /i/, approx, like Spanish Ini
/h/	[h] like h in heart
fc] before HI and /у/, like ch in German ich
/f/	[ф] like /h/, but with lips only slightly apart; upper teeth must not touch lower lips like
in English If I
Ibl	[b]	like b in barn
/р/	[p]	like p in part
/m/	[m] like m in market
/у/	[j]	like/ in yard
/г/	[f]	produced with quick tap of the tongue against the upper gum; like American
English tt in butter or Spanish r in pero
/w/	[w] like w in want, but unrounded; occurs only in Ъ wa, but can occasionally occur in
other positions
/N/	[m]	before m, b, andp, like m in market
[n]	before It/, Id/, Ini, Ichi, /ts/, [dz], [dz], and /г/, like n in nation
[pj before [p] (i.e., before /пуа/, /nyu/, Inyo/ and sometimes /ni/), approx, like Span-
ish Ini
[g] before /к/ and /g/, approx, like ng in sing
[n] at word end (before a pause), like ng in sing but further back, with back of tongue
against the uvula
[V] before vowels, /у/, /w/, /s/, /h/, /sh/, and /f/, it becomes a nasalized vowel of varying
quality depending on the previous vowel; e.g. /boN/ sounds like French bon
/Q/	Double consonant represented by о. See §5 above.
REMARKS:
1.	The consonants /t/, /ts/, /d/, Ini, I si, Izl, Ishi, Ichi, and /j/ differ from their English counter-
parts in that they are produced with the blade, not the tip, of the tongue against or near the
upper gums (aleveolar ridge). These sounds are produced further back than in English, with
the tip of the tongue hanging loose behind the lower teeth.
2.	An apostrophe (’) is placed after n representing syllabic /N/ (Zu) if it is followed by a vowel or
by /у/. This is done to show that the /N/ is not part of the following syllable:
Zz/uH Mfu tan'i	tani
сГ/иФо	kin'yu	kinyu
In the example, the apostrophe of tan'iserves to distinguish between Zt/uV^ and 7c (C.
905
KANA AND ROMANIZATION
APPENDIX 4
IMPORTANT VARIANTS
This appendix lists 386 variants or nonstandard forms of kanji. This refers mostly to the tradi-
tional form (lE^ seiji) used in prewar literature and in names, but also includes some alterna-
tive forms	itaiji). A knowledge of variants is essential for reading prewar publications,
classical literature, and proper names.
All the variants of Jinmei Kanji and Joyo Kanji officially sanctioned for use in names, as well as all
the variants appearing in the Joyo Kanji list, are listed here. The nonstandard forms, which ap-
pear to the left of the arrow, are listed in increasing order of their SKIP numbers. The corre-
sponding standard forms, followed by their entry numbers, appear to the right of the arrow.
El
LEFT-RIGHT
2-5 ffc-	{Д 0010
2-7 W—	W 0059
2-8 {#—*	0060
2-9 {$?-	1395
W-	{1% 0034
2-11	—	fe 0028
2-12 IS—	Ш 0099
	fH 0119
2-13 fl( —	{ffi 0064
	0086
r .	W	Г -
/ж—	7Ж 0126
3-4 1R —	1R 0017
3-5	*	0183
$-	4Д 0143
3-6	*	ffl 0271
3-7	R 0264
	£1 0216
ш—	Ж 0270
	ffl 0277	3-10 Ш—	Ш 0406	?s-	0521
	W 0284	Ж-	’1Ж 0463	3-13 Шг—	W 0526
	0387		ffl 0434		Ж 0232
	Ж 0448		Ж 0380		IR 0191
	ffl 0294		•ffl. 0442	it-	• ffl 0238
	W 0299	$p-	$P 0403		ffl 0201
	fit 0309	3-11 l$|—	•Pjl 0455	Ж-	0293
	0282	Й—	0407	P^—	•|5^ 0398
ГЖ-	ffl 0324	Ш—	'ffl 0354	И-	pit 0454
Й-	0289	Й-	Ж 0471	3-14 W—	0214
P£-	'Pfl 0334	Ж-	'Ж 0441	Ж-	0320
I®—	•P-B 0337	Ж—	’Ж 0498	M—	0383
11-	'1Й 0313	ffi-	0477	?B—	7Ж 0443
ffl-	•ffl 0362	3-1 ±f-	•£в 0483	i-	’Pft 0502
	’ffl 0317	да-	'Ж 0418	3-15 Ж —	’Ж 0229
	ffl 0318	m-	0485	Ж—	’ 5Ж 0394
*	‘ffl 0379		0486	3-16 fe —	"Ж 0524
	’Ж 0386	Ж-	'IS 0462	Ш-	'1Ш 0528
	'<$3 0392		'Iti 0489	Ж—	’Ж 0545
Pi-	'Pi 0401	felt-*	$< 0377	jti-5	0476
VARIANTS
906
3-17 Ш —Ш		0523 0525	4-14 ВЦ—*ВЦ 4-16 ffi—'Л3	0742 0583	5-13 Фэ —	В 4L	0833 0547	7-7 7-8	t t	1015 1033
										
3-18	ЭЙ 4	0467	!Ц|—>!Ц|	0746	5-14	*	Ш	0834			0996
3-21		0506	4-17 Ж-*Ж	0731	5-17 Ш—		0843	7-9	Вй-	1054
3-22		0447		0632	6-4 fife-	X	1255			1061
4-3		0165	м	0754			0849		1264	
4-4		0204	4-18 Ж—Ж	0753	6-6	ж	1379			1153
4-5		0224	5-3 fct-	0562	6-7	0898				1075
4-7		0668	5-4 ff-	0588	6-8	*	№	0871	7-10	1071	
	$5“>$5	0626	Й—й	0589		•ш	0934	7-11	пЙ^пЖ	1077
		0336	5-5 j$—$$	0787	6-9	*	ш	0940			0995
4-8		0633	Й—W	0615	м—	м	0931	7-12		1010
	в-в	0640	ifsft-1Я	0616	т	№	0935			1084
	ж—ж	0661	ffi—Ш	0617	6-и Ж-*	«	0952	7-13		1018
4-9	Л-Яй	0665	Й —ft	0618	в-	0936				0989
	Ж-В	0908	М—Й	1436	в-	W 0938				0997
4-10	Ж-Ж	0722	5-6 ЙЯ—Jiff	0771	6-13 В-*	•ш	0942	7-15	рЯ^рЯ 1038	
	ж-ж	0703	jji^—#	0644	—>		0910	7-17		1089
4-11	ж-ш	0697	5-7 ОЙ-	0662	6-14 ЛШ-*	•ж	0919			1090
	ИМ *1®	0581	5-8 5$—*5$	0820	6-15 В”»	0921		8-4		1000
	ж-ш	0723	5?-^	0773	6-17 )Ш—	«	0954	8-8		1147
4-12	вй—нй	0669	Ж	0684	ж-		1282		в-в	1136
	Ж-Ш	0717		1361	7-2 1Р-	ЙР	0763			1138
	ж-ж	0733	5-9 Wa-	0705	7-3 Д|5—	Й|5	0867	8-9	в	1146
		0681	Й~	0706	7-4 ££ —	$	0970	8-10		1154
	^-я	0552	®й-Ж	0707			0889	8-13		1126
	Ж—Ж 0726		>$[\ 0788		t£—		0887	8-14		1139
		1253		0818	ЙЛ-	вл	0891	8-15		1124
4-13		0674	5-10 f§~	0824			0973	9-3		1106
	ж-m	0622	5-12 Й~	0708	7-5 Ж-		0791	9-7	(В—	1289
907
VARIANTS
	Ш 1332
	Ж 1687
10-2	Ж11164
10-8	M 0939
IK	'B 0098
10-9 IS-	Ж 1176
O-10 SS—	IS 1194
0-11 ®I—	Ж 1185
lt-	Ж 1158
0-12	W 0956
o-i3 i?—	Ж 1184
fe-	1192
ll—	0052
fi-	tit 1198
11-2 Й-	8Й 1182
11-3 Ж—	M 0556
11-4 Ж-	1186
	& 1170
	0595
	ISfc 0596
11-8 B-	'Й 1196
12-1 UL —	j§L 0846
12-3 1?J —	1799
12-4 Ж —	1833
Jgx		1169
12-5	*	Ж 1322
12-7 S?—>	S? 0922
12-9	iffi 1219
13-2	>	WJ 1096
13-4	>	1208
14-2 ЙН	WJ 1094
	Ш 0762
	ЯЙ 1838
14-4 ЮТ-*	®T 1001
14-9	*	Ш 1175
15-4 Ж-*	Ж 1217
15-5 &p —	Up 1218
16-4 Ж-*	M 1167
17-2 UK	W] 1202
17-4 Ж-*	1206
18-6 ВЙ-*	Sfe 1222
В2
UP-DOWN
1-9	s	1701
2-3		2230
2-5	i=j5—	1309
	>fij	1283
2-8	Й—	1337
2-9		1308
2-11		1275
2-12	w—*1=^	1299
2-14		1346
2-15		1356
	Ж Ж	1340
3-6		1421
3-7	—> jjc	1432
		1449
3-8		1477
3-9		1306
	1392	
		1865
3-10		0460
3-11	Ж-* o'	1265
	|Ц—	2215
	—>л>	1524
	ж—	1416
	Ж—>Ж	1502
	й	1503
3-12	Ж~^ТЕ 1391	
		1260
3-14	1HI0	0005
		1627
	ЯК—	1535
3-15		1403
	—>1§|	1539
		1530
3-17	у—	1415
3-19		1441
3-20		1547
4-3		1566
4-4		1281
4-8		2225
	jlf—	1596
4-9	§—	1600
		1480
4-11	®—^‘ТЙГ	1603
4-17	М^ИЙ	1545
5-7		1634
5-8	W —	1378
5-9	—>:W	1672
	Si-*1^. 1932
5-12	1678
5-13	Ц—1660
5-15	Ж-1647
	J|a	m
5-17	1659
6-2	1617
	1691
6-4	1682
6-5	Ж-*® 1972
1648
6-6	1444 1904
6-9	1729
6-10	1742
6-12	2199
6-14	2068
7-5	1714
7-6	•3^^	1 /25
8-3	1559
	1690
8-4	1619
	Ж->Ж 1754
	1758
	Ж-1704
8-6	1642
8-7	Щ—1763
8-8	1658
8-9	1667
8-13	1749
8-16	9.—1793
VARIANTS
908
9-4	1782	13-9		1840	3-9	2038		2007
10-3	1806	15-4		1853		H^ffl 1949	4-12	1999
Ю-5	1821	15-7	И-*!К 1827		3-10	Ж^Ж 2011	4-1	1916
о-1б й	1589	16-2		0013		ИВ->Н 1875	5-14 .Ж-*5® 2066	
п-2	2138	17-7		1212	3-11	М~*|3| 1935	7-2	2088
11-3	1819	19-4		1311		й~*й 1951	8-1 ВИ^Й	2099
п_4 ]6В-»£Е	1837			1331	3-12	2021	10-10 КН	2102
—><|к	1808	19-6	^~f~^	1347		W-2010	 4	
n-б	1393	20-5	|5|э—	0456		W^JA 1921	SOLID	
	1826		□ 3		3-14	Ж-*® 1946	6_, М-» ж	1232
	1588	ENCLOSURE			3-18	IB-*Ж 2009	8-i iffi—	2204
и-7 В^Е	1902	2-6	|И—	1234	3-22	АЙ-*1Т 1920	pH]—	2191
[Щ|	. ЕШ _&	_е.	1732	2-9		1879	4-5	W-2047	8-3	2211
Ц-9	1608	2-14		1912	4-6	2037	8-4 Ж~	1688
I2-3 ЭД">1Щ	1804			1913	4-7	1918	10-3	’ Ж	2224
I2-7	1797	2-15		1883	4-8	1990	12-4 5^—>5^	2228
I3-3	1625		3-5		1957		Й—*!Й 2053	13-3	2227	
.3-4 Ж^Ж	1831	3-8	ВНЩ	2012		Ж-*Ж 2055		
I3-7 ft-1668				1964	4-10	1979		
909
VARIANTS
APPENDIX 5
CHARACTERS RANKED BY FREQUENCY
£ Ж Ж * - К
This appendix lists the 1000 most frequent characters in order of their frequency ranking, along
with their core meanings for ready reference. This includes the 993 main entry characters of
frequency levels A and B, and another seven characters not in this dictionary because they are
not in the Joyo Kanji or Jinmei Kanji lists. See §4 on p. 37a for more information on frequency
levels and ranking.
In the main part of the dictionary, these characters (as well as all characters in the Education
Kanji list) are presented in red. Some learners may wish to concentrate on these characters in the
initial stages of study. The frequency level and ranking of all characters may be found in the
reference data box for each main entry.
The frequency ranking is a number that expresses the relative frequency of occurrence of a char-
acter (see §4 on p. 29a). It is based on the largest Japanese corpus ever used for frequency statis-
tics, consisting of a full year of data from the Asahi Shimbun, a major Japanese newspaper. This
corpus contains a total of nearly 55 million characters, about 24 million of which are kanji. The
survey was conducted by The National Language Research Institute, and the results were pub-
lished in July 1998 by Sanseido in a book entitled	TO/fe? shinbun denshi
media no kanji.
This appendix is useful to both the learner and teacher in three ways:
1.	It enables the learner to know the frequency ranking of each character.
2.	It helps the developer of teaching materials compile graded lessons.
3.	It enables the student to review the core meanings of the most frequent characters in a
convenient, easy-to-read format.
The characters are listed in increasing order of their frequency rankings. The information is
presented in four columns in the following format:
1.	Frequency ranking Note that though there are 1000 characters, a few have the same
frequency ranking.
2.	Character If the character is not in this dictionary, it is followed by a superscript x (x).
3.	Core meaning This is a concise keyword that defines the most dominant character mean-
ing (see §4 on p. 25a for details).
4.	Entry number If the character in question is not in this dictionary, a number preceded
by ® refers to an entry number in the New Japanese-English Character Dictionary. If it is
also not in the NJECD (two characters), the entry number is replaced by a dash.
FREQUENCY TABLE
910
1	в	DAY SUN JAPAN	1915
2	—‘	ONE	2105
3	s	COUNTRY	1964
4	+	TEN	2110
5		BIG UNIVERSITY	2133
6	£	MEET SOCIETY	1275
7		HUMAN BEING	2111
8	¥	YEAR	1284
9				TWO	1224
10	*	BASIS BOOK THIS	2183
11		THREE	1225
12		MIDDLE IN	2150
13	ft	LONG CHIEF	1626
14	ж	GO OUT PUT OUT	2180
15	ft	POLITICAL ADMINISTRATION	0779
16	E	FIVE	2142
17		SELF	2195
18		AFFAIR ABSTRACT THING	2220
19		PERSON	2047
20	ft	COMPANY SOCIETY	0562
21	Я	MOON MONTH	1876
22	US	FOUR	1928
23	Я	PARTY	1647
24		DIVIDE PART MINUTE	1247
25		TIME	0625
26	A □	COMBINE FIT	1274
27	И	SAME	1897
28	ft	NINE	2112
29		UP	2128
30	ft	GO ACT	0157
		LINE	
31	ft	PEOPLE	1922
32	mJ	BEFORE	1453
33	Ж	WORK BUSINESS INDUSTRY	1674
34	£	LIFE BE BORN STUDENT	2179
35	Й	DISCUSS LEGISLATIVE BODY	1087
36		AFTER	0267
37	$T	NEW	1166
38	Ж	SECTION	1099
39	Я	SEE	1615
40	ж	EAST	2221
41	га	INTERVAL BETWEEN	2094
42	й	GROUND PLACE	0152
43	й	TARGET ADJECTIVAL SUFFIX	0767
44		PLACE	0408
45	л	EIGHT	1859
46	А	ENTER PUTIN	2113
47		DIRECTION WAY SQUARE	1243
48		SIX	1244
49	Ж	CITY MARKET	1258
50	Я	START EMIT	1634
51	Ж	MEMBER	1454
52		OPPOSITE OPPOSE	0556
53		METAL GOLD MONEY	1302
54	т	CHILD NOUN SUFFIX	2125
55	1*3	INSIDE	2162
56	ж	FIX	1420
57		STUDY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION	1625
911
FREQUENCY TABLE
58	iWj	HIGH	1330	ITEM			
59	?	HAND	2155	85	a	PASS	1982
		OCCUPATION SUFFIX				COMMUNICATE	
60	R	CIRCLE	1875	86	it	CHANGE INTO	0012
		YEN		87		GOVERN	0250
61	XL	STAND	1257			CURE	
		ESTABLISH		88		WHOLE	1277
62	0	TURN ROUND	1937	89	s.	DEGREE	1974
		TIME				TIME	
63	£	LINK	1976	90	s	THE PRESENT	1378
		IN SUCCESSION				HIT	
64	ig	CHOOSE	2026	91	a	REASON	0659
65	ffl	RICE FIELD	1925			BASIC PRINCIPLE	
66	-t	SEVEN	2109	92	ill	MOUNTAIN	1867
67	ft	SUBSTITUTE	0018	93	/h	SMALL	0002
		GENERATION		94		PASSTHROUGH	0898
		CHARGE				MANAGE	
68	Л	POWER	2114	95		SYSTEM	0854
69		PRESENT	1246			CONTROL	
		THIS		96	й	LAW	0248
70	ж	RICE	2198			METHOD	
		AMERICA		97	T	DOWN	2115
71	ж	HUNDRED	1279	98	Ж	THOUSAND	2132
72		PHASE	0609	99	Л	TEN THOUSAND	1865
		MUTUAL		100		PROMISE	0860
		MINISTER				CONTRACT	
73	M	CONCERN	2099			APPROXIMATELY	
		BARRIER		101		WAR	1169
74	03	BRIGHT	0572	102		OUTSIDE	0135
		CLEAR		103	ft	MOST	1599
75		OPEN	2092	104	Pi	TONE	1051
76	JR	CAPITAL	1297			INVESTIGATE	
		TOKYO				PREPARE	
		KYOTO		105		FIELD	0998
77	И	QUESTION	2091	106		ACTUAL	0657
78	ft:	BODY	0052			APPEAR	
		FORM		107		NOT	2141
79	Ж	REAL	1416	108	£	PUBLIC	1249
80	&	DECIDE	0197	109		GAS	2037
81		MAIN	1231			SPIRIT	
		MASTER		110	В	WIN	0686
82	ft	MOVE	1163			EXCEL	
83	Ж	EXPRESS	1572	111	Ж	HOUSE	1458
		SURFACE				FAMILY	
		TABLE		112	Ж	TAKE	0847
84	g	EYE	1927	113	Ж	MIND	1352
FREQUENCY TABLE
912
MEANING				139	pX	SETUP	0987
114	№	MAKE	0049	140		PRESERVE	0072
		WORK		141		HOLD	0275
115	Л1	RIVER	0001	142	в	DISTRICT	1879
116	5	IMPORTANT	1683			WARD	
		SUMMARIZE		143	&	REFORM	0180
		REQUIRE		144		TO THE...OF	0025
117		EMPLOY	1889			BY MEANS OF	
		THINGS TO DO		145	ж	WAY	2000
118	ж	RIGHT	0731	146	as	METROPOLIS	1106
		POWER				METROPOLIS OF TOKYO	
119	Й	NATURE	0222	147	ft	HARMONIOUS	0769
		SEX				PEACE	
		-ITY				JAPAN	
120	l~-j	SAY	1233	148	§	RECEIVE	1569
		SPEECH		149		PEACEFUL	1373
121	к	COURTESY TITLE	1872			INEXPENSIVE	
		FAMILY NAME		150	ira	ADD	0023
122	ox	ZERO	<8)4069	151	Й	CONTINUE	0921
123	&	DUTY	0797	152		POINT	1322
124		PLACE	0568	153	ж	ADVANCE	1991
		PARTICLE OF NOMINALIZATION		154	¥	FLAT	2167
125	к	SPEAK	1027			CALM	
126	ж	TERM	1120	155		TEACH	1002
		EXPECT				RELIGION	
127		MACHINE	0736	156	IE	RIGHT	2172
		AIRCRAFT		157	Ж	PLAIN	1910
		OPPORTUNITY				ORIGINAL	
128		FORM	2202	158	X	BRANCH	1251
		ACHIEVE				SUPPORT	
129	1И	TITLE	2103	159		MANY	1372
		TOPIC		160	ttt	WORLD	2178
		PROBLEM				AGE	
130	&	COME	2211	161		ORGANIZE	0904
131		TOTAL	0936			ASSEMBLE	
		GENERAL		162	Я	WORLD	1632
132	ж	GIVE BIRTH	2075			BOUNDS	
		PRODUCE		163	*	NOMINATE	1588
133	tr	HEAD	1452			NOTEWORTHY ACT	
		NECK				RAISE	
		LEADER		164	IB	WRITE DOWN	0974
134	&	STRONG	0349	165		INFORM	1115
135	Д	PREFECTURE	1687			REQUITE	
136		NUMBER	1170	166		WRITE	1703
137		COOPERATE	0070			BOOK	
138	Jg	THINK	1633	167	'C?	HEART	0004
913
FREQUENCY TABLE
168	£	LETTER WRITINGS	1242	203		LIVE THINK	2039
169		NORTH	0147	204	Ж	NOON	1254
170		NAME	1371	205	I	MANUFACTURE	2118
171	W	URBAN PREFECTURE	1960			CONSTRUCTION	
172	fit	FINGER	0278	206		MINISTRY	1583
		POINT				SAVE	
173	§	COMMIT	1623			INTROSPECT	
174		RESOURCES	1731	207	Л	KNOW	0768
175	и	FIRST	0759	208	Ж	PROPOSAL	1455
176		WOMAN	2135	209	и	PICTURE	1904
177		INSTITUTION	0331			DRAW UP A PLAN	
178		JOINT	1551	210	51	DRAW	0133
179		ORIGIN	1226	211	ft	BUREAU	1943
180	Ж	SEA	0284			LIMITED PART	
181		NEAR	1941	212	fT	STRIKE	0142
		RECENT		213		COUNTER	1869
182	ж	ORDINAL NUMBER PREFIX	1706	214		INTERCOURSE	1272
183	тс	SELL	1391			INTERCHANGE	
184	ft	ISLAND	2081	215	ПД	ARTICLE	1437
185	ft,	AHEAD	1552	216		TAKE APART	1017
186		UNITE	0916			DISSOLVE	
		INTERCONNECTED SYSTEM				CLARIFY	
187	ж	ELECTRICITY	1784	217	ж	LOOK INTO	1580
188		THING	0587	218	f£	OFFICE	0037
189		SETTLE	0383			LEAVE TO	
		RELIEVE		219	Ж	SCHEME	1720
190	ж	GOVERNMENT	1417			MEASURE	
		GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL		220	ii	MOVE INWARD	1917
191	ж	WATER	0003			EMPHATIC VERBAL SUFFIX	
192	ft	THROW	0192	221		TERRITORY	0828
		SEND IN		222		ADVANTAGE	0757
193	Ipj	TURN TOWARD	1934			PROFIT	
194		SECT	0281	223		NEXT	0038
		DISPATCH		224		VERGE	0503
195	m	BELIEVE	0075			OCCASION	
		MESSAGE		225	Ж	COLLECT	1772
196		TIE	0912	226	ffi	FACE	1324
		CONCLUDE		227		ACQUIRE	0351
197	ж	HEAVY	2223			GAIN	
		DUPLICATE		228		DECREASE	0436
198	a	BODY	1935	229		SIDE	0105
199		TAX	0807	230		VILLAGE	0558
200	y*	IN ADVANCE	1253	231	at	PLAN	0965
201	w	JUDGE	0765			COMPUTE	
202	s	ACTIVE	0285	232		CHANGE	1311
FREQUENCY TABLE
914
		ABNORMAL		265		REPETITION SIGN	—
233	Ж	LEATHER	1582	266		HEAR	2097
		REFORM		267		BASE	1716
234	1га	ARGUE	1058	268		EACH	1370
		THEORY		269		PARTICIPATE	1308
235	S'J	SEPARATE	0760			VISIT A HOLY PLACE	
		ANOTHER		270		EXPENSE	1670
236	&	USE	0068	271	ж	TREE	2149
		ENVOY				WOOD	
237	i=r	NOTIFY	1560	272		PERFORM	0491
238		STRAIGHT	1862	273	te	WITHOUT	1351
		FIX				NOTHING	
239		MORNING	1114	274		LET GO	0570
		DYNASTY		275	(ft	YESTERDAY	0601
240	ft	WIDE	1921			LAST	
241		PROJECT	1276	276	W	SPECIAL	0641
242	w	RECOGNIZE	1041	277		CARRY	2006
243		HUNDRED MILLION	0125			MOVE	
244	w	CUT	0015			FORTUNE	
245	я	SEEK	2210	278		CONNECT	0073
246	ft	MATTER	0035			PERSON IN CHARGE	
247	it	INCREASE	0483	279	ft	LIVE	0044
248	¥	HALF	2182	280	&	BE DEFEATED	0991
249		SENSE	1814	281	ft	RANK	0042
		FEEL				POSITION	
250	Ж	VEHICLE	2212	282	&	PRIVATE	0758
		WHEEL				1	
251	ft	SCHOOL	0630	283		SERVICE	0181
		COLLATE		284	Ж	FRUIT	2217
252	И	WEST	2193	285	ж	ARMY	1318
253		YEAR	1605	286	ft	WELL	2153
		AGE SUFFIX		287	ж	NORM	0627
254	В	WISTERIA	1544			STATUS	
255	75	SHOW	1229	288	&	FEE	0870
256		BUILD	1965			MATERIALS	
257		PRICE	0064	289	ПП	LANGUAGE	1040
		VALUE				WORD	
258	ft	ATTACH	0019			TELL	
259		POWER	1829	290	к	EMPLOYMENT	0960
260	£	MAN	1613	291		END	0903
261	a	BE	1896	292	ж	ROYAL PALACE	1459
262	nt	EMOTION	0353			SHINTO SHRINE	
		ACTUAL CONDITIONS		293	&	EXAMINE	0674
263		BEGIN	0211	294		DIE	2194
264	o'	STAND	1265	295		WITHOUT FAIL	0006
		COUNTER FOR VEHICLES		296		STYLE	1931
915
FREQUENCY TABLE
297	zj>	CEREMONY LITTLE	2163	330	1Й	EXPLAIN THEORY	1042
298		PASS BY	2003	331	Ж	NORMAL	1657
		EXCEED				REGULAR	
299	Ih	STOP	1868	332	fa	RESPOND	1946
300	f'J	DIVIDE	1180	333		SKY	1418
301	□	MOUTH	2119			AIR	
302	Ж	CERTAIN	0830			EMPTY	
303	йс	CUTOUT	2076	334	*	HUSBAND	2157
		JUDGE				MAN LABORER	
304	в	PLACE	1671	335	&	CONTEND	1281
305		PRESENT	0431	336		BODY	2213
306	ж	FLOW	0325			ONE’S PERSON	
		CURRENT		337		SUPERIOR	0130
		STYLE				ACTOR	
307	IE	ABILITY	0888	338	7^	DIFFER	2014
308	W	HAVE	1895			VIOLATE	
309	ВТ	TOWN	0756	339	«	PROTECT	1088
310	Ж	MARSH	0201	340		SHOP	1962
311		BALL	0658	341	±	SOIL	2127
312	5	STONE	1884	342		RATE	1343
313		RIGHTEOUSNESS	1514			LEAD	
		MEANING		343	±	MILITARY MAN	2129
314	а	REASON	2181			PROFESSION SUFFIX	
315		ANOTHER TIME	2192	344	Ж	CALCULATE	1737
316	ж	MANAGE	1667	345	w	RAISE	1295
		BARRACKS		346	0B	DISTRIBUTE	0981
317	j®]	BOTH	2191	347		PRACTICAL ART	0350
318	w	GOD	0615	348	Й	TRADE	1341
		MIND		349	JR	TAKE IN	0017
319	ht	COMPARE	0014	350		MILITARY	2046
320		APPEARANCE	1462	351		STATE	0039
		CONTAIN		352	*	GUIDE	1845
321	&	REGULATION	0667	353		FARMING	1733
322		SEND	1968	354	Й	CONSTRUCT	0719
323		EXTINGUISH	0327			MIND	
		SPEND		355		DOUBT	1050
324		SILVER	1133	356		REMAIN	0640
325		FORM	0204			RUTHLESS	
		CONDITION		357	4	GIVE	2138
		LETTER		358	S	FOOT	1386
326	tm	TRANSPORT	1074			SUFFICE	
327	ffl	GRIND	0771	359	Й	WHAT	0045
		RESEARCH				HOW MANY	
328	Px	HILL	@2997	360		CUT OFF	1001
329		TALK	1053			RESOLVE	
FREQUENCY TABLE
916
361 362	Ж к	TRUE TURN	1337 0995	394 395	IS	SKILL TRY	0185 1025
363	£	PLEASURE	1808	396		DISTINGUISHED	1427
		COMFORTABLE				ENGLAND	
		MUSIC		397	fi	PINE	0580
364	ж	CARRYOUT	0599	398	BU	YOUNG MAN	0867
365	Jt	GOVERNMENT AGENCY	1920			MALE NAME SUFFIX	
366	S	NUMERICAL ORDER	1761	399	fi	BEAR ON SHOULDER	0238
		WATCH				UNDERTAKE	
367		HARM	1457	400		TRUNK	1130
368	s	AID	0428	401	ж	SCENE	1597
369	2b	STUDY EXHAUSTIVELY	1398	402		PROVIDE	0109
370	nJ	-ABLE	1882	403	I®	PREVENT	0203
		APPROVE		404	ж	SOUTH	1320
371		RISE	2079	405	ж	BEAUTIFUL	1451
372		REGARD	0662	406		LABOR	1619
373	S'J	SECONDARY	1161	407	•S'	VALLEY	1290
374		LINE	0944	408		STATE	1822
375		URGENT	1328	409	IW	PROMONTORY	0345
		HURRY		410	*	PUT ON	2086
		SUDDEN				ARRIVE	
376	0>J	EXAMPLE	0067			STICK	
377	ft	EAT	1316	411	ж	SIDEWAYS	0733
		FOOD		412		REFLECT	0600
378		SUPPLEMENT	0809			PROJECT	
379	&	AMOUNT	1174	413	ж	SHAPE	0565
380	®E	PROVE	1010	414	ж	SEAT	1986
		CERTIFICATE		415		BOUNDED AREA	0341
381	fig	PUBLIC BUILDING	1150	416		WAIT	0269
382	И	QUALITY	1796	417	%.	PHENOMENON	1350
		MATTER				ELEPHANT	
383		LIMIT	0296	418	№	HELP	0764
384	it	DIFFICULT	1196	419	в	UNFOLD	1984
		DISASTER				DISPLAY	
385		MANUFACTURE	1792	420		HOUSE	1973
386	rm	OVERSEE	1825			SMALL SHOP	
387	_Lr	VOICE	1393	421		WORK	0113
388	s	STANDARD	1828	422	&	ASSIST	0048
		QUASI-				FIELD OFFICER	
389	&	FALL	1494	423		DWELLING HOUSE	1376
390		ILLNESS	2059	424	Ifl	VOTE	1713
391	SB	SPREAD	0348			SLIP	
		STRAIN		425	fi	TRANSMIT	0028
392	ж	LEAF	1497	426		FORTUNE	0705
393		GUARD AGAINST	1847	427		EARLY	1549
		WARN				QUICK	
917
FREQUENCY TABLE
428		EXAMINE CAREFULLY TRY	1527	461	la	INSTRUMENT SOUND	1312
429		BOUNDARY	0482	462	ft	FLOWER	1405
		SITUATION		463	SI	HEAD	1073
430	я	CONDITIONS	0252	464	s	PUT IN ORDER	1839
431	ft	SERVE	0021	465	st	WEALTH	0978
		DO		466		GATE	0597
432	&	ARTICLE	1395	467		VALUE	0081
433	ж	RIDE	2224	468		RETREAT	1969
		GET ON		469	ft	PROTECT	1375
434		CONCEIVE	1810	470	a	OLD	1262
435	ж	CROSS	0445	471	ft	GREAT	1360
436		CHARACTER	1374			THICK	
437		MAKE	1983	472		FIGURE	1684
438	ft	TASTE	0206	473	%	ANSWER	1722
439		THOUGHTS	1304	474	ft	LAST PART	2184
440	i	PARENT	1172	475	в	PARTY	0452
		RELATIVES		476	ж	PAPER	0879
		INTIMATE		477	a	POUR	0240
440	A	BEAR	1327			CONCENTRATE	
		LOSE		478	ft	STOCK	0635
442		STATE	1954	479	a	HOPE	1756
443		DIFFERENCE	2082			LOOK AFAR	
444		FAMILY	0651	480		CONTAIN	1288
445	j!s	CHASE	1971	480		VARIETY	0823
446	Rx	OSAKA	<8)271			SEED	
447	&	TEST	1192	482		RETURN	1940
448		INDIVIDUAL	0087	483	a	OCEAN	0292
		GENERAL COUNTER				WESTERN	
449	T=f	YOUNG	1430	484	ft	LOSE	2189
450	Ilf	APPEAL TO	1011			SLIP	
		SUE		485		COMMENT	1005
451	g	LOW	0054	486		MODE	0723
452	ж	QUANTITY	1598			FORMAL TITLE	
453	%	MODIFIER FORMING SUFFIX	1779	487	№	LIKE	0155
		SO				FAVORABLE	
454		ALONE	0293	488		SHADOW	1216
		GERMANY		489		ORDER	1303
455		OFFER	0066			LIFE	
456	£ш	SLENDER	0900	490		TYPE	1685
		MINUTE		491		ROOM	1442
457	s	CONFER	0360	492	ES	ROAD	1031
458	E	MEDICINE	1902	493	Д	GOOD	2216
		DOCTOR		494	A	RETURN TO	0420
459		GUARD	0526	495	ft	SECTION	1057
460		VESSEL	1742			LESSON	
FREQUENCY TABLE
918
496	Ш	EXTENT ESTABLISHED FORM	0806	531	§	SUPERVISE COMMANDER	1789
497		RING	0747	532	Й	WHITE	2175
		SURROUND		533	Ж	RETURN	0098
498	M	TALL MAGNIFICENT BUILDING	2098	534		STRIKE	1831
		CABINET		535		BRIDGE	0738
499		PORT	0440	536		WALK	1566
500		SUBJECT OF STUDY	0775	537	44	TIMBER	0560
501	§	REVERBERATE	1840			MATERIAL	
502		VISIT	0985	538		DISCRIMINATE	1086
503	Ж	CONSTITUTION	1533			KNOWLEDGE	
504	£	HISTORY	2188	539		MALE	0688
505	F	DOOR	1227			HEROIC	
		HOUSEHOLD		540	ill	ATTAIN	2005
506		SECOND	0774	541	s	RECORD	1147
507	ж	WIND	1908	542	n4	STUDY	0977
		MANNER				SUPPRESS BY ARMED FORCE	
508	s	EXTREME	0695	543		SPRING	1644
		POLE		543	$	FRESH	1210
509	*	GO AWAY	1364			VIVID	
510		EUROPE	0596	545	ft	RED	1389
511	&	STEP	0780	546	%}	EFFECT	0849
512	w	PIPE	1736	547	Ж	BE SUBJECTED TO	0790
		EXERCISE CONTROL		548	D?	CALL	0205
513		HEAVEN	2148	549		SOUTH KOREA	01757
514		IS NOT	0598	550		BAD	1758
515	я	BUY	1662	551	£	RIGHT	1888
516	ж	PRIZE	1677	551	4Й	ROOT	0631
517	и	VICINITY	1916	553	ft	LIGHT	1550
		BORDERLAND		554	fill	OTHER	0022
518	»я	COMPETE	1200	555	$	HAVE RELATIONS WITH	0387
519	ж	SWING	0316	556		FUSE	1190
520		INSPECT	1520	557	Й-	NEEDLE	1092
		GUESS		558		FULL	0441
521		VIEW	1212	559		SOLDIER	1621
522	ж	INFER	0373	560		CULTIVATE	0092
523		EASY	1561			REPAIR	
		EXCHANGE		561	&	DEAL WITH	1918
524		SHIFT	0798	562		CATCH	0315
525		EXCLUSIVE	1690	563	fit	ACCUMULATE	0835
526	&	MULTITUDE	1724	564	M	RIVER	0251
527	ф	REPORT	2186	565	A	ROUND	2134
		SPEAK HUMBLY		566		COMPILE	0941
527		BEACH	0320			KNIT	
529	ж	DEEP	0385	567		MASTER	0892
530	й	SEPARATE	1195	568		SONG	1187
919
FREQUENCY TABLE
569		THICK WOODS	1602	606		LUCKY	1369
570		IRON	1126	607		RID OF	0333
571		LINEUP	1436	608	IB	FORMER	0005
572	Ц	LOVE	1606	609	ж	SURPASS	2084
573	W	BLUE	1573	610		ROBUST	0102
		GREEN		611		HINDRANCE	0504
574	Ж	RESPONSIBILITY	1595	612	£	LEFT	1887
		BLAME		613		MOTHER	2165
575	ж	SINGLE	1444	614		DANGER	0398
576	%-	VISITOR	1439			STEEP	
		CUSTOMER		615		VIOLENT	0534
577	a	AUTUMN	0776	616	$	PICK	0490
578	й	GARDEN	2017	617	Ж	CENTER	2187
579		OFFER	1167	618	st	CRITICIZE	0187
580		FOREST	0577	619	ж	SEAT	1989
581		STORE	1530			SIT	
582		PATTERN	0720	620		SPEAK ELOQUENTLY	1264
583	ж	SYSTEM	1236			VALVE	
		LINEAGE		621		HOLD AN EVENT	0117
584	£	TICKET	1681			PRESS FOR	
		CERTIFICATE		622	J'S	CHILD	1617
585	ж	CLEAR	0384	623	ff	INLET	0162
586		ADULT WOMAN	0343	624		SUPPLY	0914
587		NIGHT	1301			PAY	
588	&	NUCLEUS	0628	625	я	IMPLEMENT	1622
589	is	RICH	1489	626	$	KILL	0889
590	&	CONTACT	0368	627	ж	FLY	2222
591		CASTLE	0261	628	л	QUICK	1978
592	Ж	ENGAGE IN SALES	0992	628	ж	WAVE	0245
593	rtf	REQUEST	1060	630		FLOOR	0451
594	Л	OF LONG DURATION	2121			RANK	
595		CLIMB	1661	631	£	FRIEND	1873
596	и	DRAWING	1951	632		SUFFERING	1433
597	rtt	READ	1038			BITTER	
598		BENEFIT	1468	633		WIDTH	0417
		PROFIT		634	w	CONTRIBUTE	1473
599	ж	BLACK	1754			DRAW NEAR	
600	ft	MEDIATE	1245	635	Й	DRAMA	1221
601	я	TRADE	1665	636	B]	OFFICIATE	1861
602	1й	BRAIN	0665	637	J#l	PERIPHERY	1903
603		SEASON	0089	638	Ж	NOT YET	2185
		SEASONAL WEATHER		639	к	ENLARGE	0229
604	Йр	EXIST	1894	640	ХЁ	RUN	1390
605	7^	NUMBER	1361	641	5Й	WEEK	1992
		DESIGNATION		642		FOLLOW	0309
		SIGN		643	й	PICK	0367
FREQUENCY TABLE
920
GATHER				678	§	BASE	1660
644		SAY NO	1557			SMALL FORT	
		OR NOT		680	и	BAMBOO	0168
645		WEAVE	0958	681	%	DIFFERENT	1651
646		DANCE	1358	682	ж	DRUG	1539
647		COPY	1260	683	ft	TAG	0546
648		PULLOUT	0183	684		PROSPEROUS	1717
		STAND OUT		685	ж	EXTEND	1952
649	fi	COLOR	1280			POSTPONE	
650		TREAT	2067	686		HORSE	2073
651		DASH	1421	687	ж	LEAVE BEHIND	2023
		THRUST		688		GRADE	0859
652		REMAINING	1289	689	Ж	PHONETIC [i]	0033
		EXCESS				ITALY	
653	X	FIRE	2159	690	5^	FATHER	1248
654		GO BEYOND	2085	691	Й	DESCEND	0335
655		ATTACK	0179	692	HE	KING	2145
656	g	PERSONAL HISTORY	1913	693	it	LECTURE	1078
657		COMPLETE	1396	694		FIBER	0926
658	Ж	BREAK	0784	695		FACE	1177
659	ftc	REST	0036	696	HE	GEM	2166
660		DANGEROUS	2041	696		EVEN	0173
660	ЙЙ	SHIP	0906	698		OIL	0255
662	Ж	DEBT	0116	699	w	HAPPY	1488
		BOND		700		EQUAL	1723
663		NAVIGATE	0885			CLASS	
664	ft	COLD	0057	700	ж	KIND	1176
665	ft	ABOLISH	2010	702		ART	1403
		WASTE		703	1	PERCEIVE	1668
666		ALLIANCE	1787			COMMIT TO MEMORY	
667	Ж	STORAGE CHAMBER	1985	704	fl	QUIET	1138
668	Д	EMPEROR	1635	705		LEARN	1711
669	fi	OCCUPY	1263			CUSTOM	
		DIVINE		706		EXCHANGE	0429
670	w	GENERAL OFFICER	0336	707	s	MARK	0730
671	a	LOOK FOR	0318	708	ЙД1	SORT	0884
672	ж	SEVERE	2068	709	Ж	SUMMER	1339
673	R	REACH TO	2122	710	zk	ETERNAL	1230
674		ERA	0856	711	и	RISE TO PROSPERITY	1852
675		OLD	0778			AMUSEMENT	
		THE LATE		712		FEATHER	0167
676	g	DRESS	1725			WING	
		FIT OUT		713	if	EXTENSIVE	0112
677	St	SET ABOUT	1113			DOCTOR	
678	*	ELEMENT	1590	714	ffl	WELCOME	1939
		PLAIN		715		PROHIBIT	1788
921
FREQUENCY TABLE
716	fe	SHORT	0801	748	it	HARBOR	0290
717		THIRD PERSON PRONOUN	0215	750		WAY	1980
718	Й	MUSICAL COMPOSITION	2197	751	fl	CRIME	1673
		CURVE		752	и	RULE	0967
719	№	STRETCH	0051	753	вй	VARIOUS	1061
720	ж	SUCCEED	0919	754		AMBITION	1394
721		PRESSURE	1883	755	Ж	SOURCE	0470
722	Ж	ACHIEVEMENTS	0953	756		BAY	0447
723	SI	RELYON	1075	757		TREAD	1066
		ASK		758	JA	CLEAR AWAY	0143
724	&	COLLEAGUE	0122			PAY	
725	№	THICK	1905	759		GOOD FORTUNE	1408
		KIND				HAPPINESS	
726	Й	RESIST	0188	760	If	PERMIT	0986
727		REPLACE	1780	761		ABRIDGED	0793
728		BACK	1641			STRATEGY	
729	$	REVERSE	1966	762	0	SOLID	1963
730		ROCK	1423			FIRM	
731		LAND	0399	762	5=^	APPROVE OF	1797
732	EP	MARK	0554			PRAISE	
		SEAL		764	в	STAR	1577
733	IIJl	HEAT	1834	765	&	EXECUTE	1102
		HOT				SEIZE	
734	Й	DEER	1996	766	й	GOOD	1501
735		SWEET SMELL	1637	767	№	PRINTING PLATE	0585
735	£	PHONETIC [na]	1411			PUBLISHING	
737		ANGLE	1293	768		REFINE	0924
		HORN				ESSENCE	
738		EVERY	1283			SPIRIT	
739		PLENTIFUL	1732	769	t	DECEASE	2126
740		WHEEL	1067	770	w	PLANT	0677
		RING		771	1Й	CRUMBLE	1478
741		KEEP	1646	772		RETURN	1234
		STAY		773	и	STRATUM	2021
742		ORDER	0009	774		LISTEN	0956
		OBEY		775	is	SUITABLE	2020
743	S?	WORD	0922	776	Д	BELONG TO	2009
		RESIGN		777		QUAKE	1794
744	fl!	CONVENIENT	0071	778	IS	LODGE	1475
		POST		779	w	PUSH	0234
		EXCRETA		780		REMOVE	0663
745	№	SCATTER	1118			ESCAPE FROM	
746		CONCLUDE	0945	781		LACK	1255
		TIGHTEN		782		TAIL	1942
747	S	WIFE	1628	783	Й!	CATCH A CRIMINAL	1993
748	S	CAUSE	1936	784	Bg	LUMINOUS	0602
FREQUENCY TABLE
922
785	и	ENCLOSE	1949	823	&	DO	2225
786	№	MARRY	0344			SAKE	
787	№	TRAVEL	0624	824	f	HALT	0107
788		TIMES	0080	825		DISTANT	2013
		DOUBLE		826		LIGHT	1015
789		PRESS	1953	827		OMEN	0166
790	Ж	SEASIDE	0321			TRILLION	
791		FIGHT	2102	828	йк	MIX	0381
792		POND	0160	829		OFFING	0196
793		IMAGE	0123	830	Ж	CURTAIN	1509
794	Ж	MONEY	1594			SHOGUNATE	
		GOODS		831	Ж	CONGRATULATE	1663
795	вд	CUT BY CHIPPING	0972	832	®	LOAD	2077
796	e	BUDDHISTTEMPLE	1367			PUT IN PRINT	
797	ж	SLOPE	0172	833	fl	CREATE	1179
798	ж	BREAK DOWN	0524	834	№	BATTLE FORMATION	0332
799	а	DISORDERED	0846			CAMP	
800	w	BELT	1648	834		VIOLENT	1609
		WEAR		836		TOPPLE	0093
801		SHORE	1424	837	в	WIDESPREAD	1499
802	Ж	DISPATCH	2015	838	я	MISCELLANEOUS	0939
803		TIGHTEN	1816			MIXED	
		EXIGENT		839	%	CONSTRUCT	1743
804	%	EXERT	1618	840	ЙЁ Ъо?	VIRTUE	0486
805	Л'Ж	TRAIN	0931	841		SEASON	1624
806	Ж	HEALTHY	1994	842		CLOSE	1474
807	ж	SLOW	1999			SECRET	
		LATE		843		FLOAT	0319
808		AIM	—	844		COMMAND	1259
809		ABANDON	1353	845		STANDING TREE	0735
810	fflj	PENALTY	0555	846		FAVOR	1704
811	Г±2- в.	PROCLAIM	1440	847	ж	CEREMONY	0124
812	ж	AVOID	2031	848	я	STATE	0566
813		AUTHOR	1480			JAPAN	
		CONSPICUOUS		849	ж	OFFENSE	0146
813		CHAMBER	1237	850	ж	RECOMPENSE	0129
815		MOUND	0406	851		PUBLIC-SERVICE STATION	1672
816	ю	SERVICE	1182	852	fflj	SUPPRESS	0193
817	яв	CLOTHES	0591	853	й	BREAK OFF	0917
		SUBMIT				COME TO AN END	
818		BE PRESENT AT	1083	854		DISPOSE	0371
819	м	MEASURE	0444	855		EXPLODE	0751
		CONJECTURE		856	э	MALE NAME ELEMENT	2072
820		BEWILDERED	1783	857	flj	PUBLISH	0139
821	в	HUGE	1924	857		REEL	0961
821		ASCEND	1565			SHIFT ONWARD	
923
FREQUENCY TABLE
859	Ж	NOBLE YOUR HONORABLE	1669	900		RARE ASPIRE	1294
860	Й	COURT	1987	901	ж	MUSCLE	1719
		GARDEN				THREADLIKE STRUCTURE	
861	£	OLD	2040	901		MAKE AN AGREEMENT	1686
862	ж	AFFECTED BY DISEASE	1760	903	St	BRING ABOUT	0883
863		BOTTOM	1961			DO HUMBLY	
864		MAIL	1107	904	ж	PERPLEXED	1967
865		TEN-DAY PERIOD	1891	904	я	ROW	0551
866	ж	LOSS	0468	906		GROUNDS	0232
867		FOLLOWER	0310	907	в	BREATH	1693
868		AGREE TO	0007	908		PLAY MUSIC	1645
869		FEAR	1696	909		MERIT	0138
870	№	AGE	1218	910		POSSESSIVE PARTICLE	2137
871	в	PROSPER	0401	911		WISDOM	1781
872		MAGAZINE	1043	912	ж	GRASS	1450
873	Ж	SELECT	0191	913		DISK	1824
874	1	RESIDE	1959			BOARD	
875	ж	REAR	1354	914	ft	BOARD	0575
876	Ж	STATION	1184			PLATE	
877		GRADUATE	1300	915	a	SELF	2208
878	Ж	WOUND	0118	915	it	SHOOT	0979
879	Ж	PLAY	2008	915		TOUCH	1018
880		EMPLOY	1241	918	я	EXCELLENT	1616
881		TOGETHER	0060	919	йш.	WARM	0442
882		DEMAND	1790	920		DUSK	1522
883		HUG	0227			LIVE	
884	Ж	PUT UP	0362	921		SUSPEND	1855
885	5	RENEW	2205	922		WEAK	0792
886		SLACK	0943	923	Ж	CHAPTER	1342
887		DEPICT	0358			BADGE	
888		DIRTY	0163	924	ж	WITHDRAW	0515
888	Ж	INVITE	0236	925		PAY	0877
890		DESIRE	0990			ACCEPT	
891		DYE	1640			PUT AWAY	
892		FUNERAL	1496	926	ж	PAIN	2065
893		FOSTER	1531	927		CITY QUARTER	0421
894		INTERLINK	0915	928		FLOURISH	1642
		ENTWINE				GLORY	
895	iR	TRANSLATE	0989	928		LAUGH	1692
		SENSE		930	ft	SAVE	1003
896	В	RAISE	1492	931	Jfjjjl	WISH	1199
897	Ж	COMPOUND	0827			ASK A FAVOR	
898	ЙУ	ENGRAVE	0851	932	ж	PROBE	0374
		POINT OF TIME				SEARCH	
899	Й1	BLOOD	2196	933	№	INTERMEDIARY	0027
FREQUENCY TABLE
924
PERSONAL RELATIONS				966	ft	COUNTER FOR FLAT THINGS	0576
934	Ж	ABUNDANT	0810	967	T	TOWN SUBSECTION	2106
935	Й	WAGE	1730			MISCELLANEOUS COUNTER	
		CHARGES		968	в	BORROW	0091
936	&	HANDLE	0159	969	#	BONE	1699
937	T	FINISH	2107	970		INCLINE	0114
		COMPREHEND		971	ж	RETURN	2032
938	ft	FRAME	0582	972	s	COUNTRYSIDE	2206
939		SECRET	0787			LEAGUE	
940		BELL	1125	973	ж	TIE UP	2214
941	%	ROLL UP	1691			BUNDLE	
		VOLUME		973	ft	ACCOMPANY	0041
942		SHRINK	0955	975	Й	TRACE	1032
943		BREAK OFF	0189	976	Й	ALCOHOLIC DRINK	0328
		FOLD		977	©	RULER	2045
944	jS	ESCAPE	1970			FAMILIAR TITLE	
945	Bp	REPRIMAND	1021			YOU	
		STUFF		978		INNER PART	1806
946	ж	RAIN	2218	978	IR	CLAUSE	0415
947		PROJECTILE	0418	980	it	LEAP	1091
		SPRING BACK		981	Ж	CLOTH	1886
948	ж	UNIVERSE	1377			SPREAD	
949		BIRD	2083	982		NATURAL CALAMITY	1400
950	it	ENTRUST	0976	983		BURN	0681
950	&	HALL	1656	984	и	CLOSE	2090
952	ft	BUDDHA	0010	985		EVENING	2123
		FRANCE		986	$	BEAR	1823
953	U	DISSEMINATE	0141	987	ft	HASTEN	0078
954	Й	BE IN TROUBLE	1950	988	W	GROUP	1037
955	>	STOREHOUSE	1334	989	Ж	SHALLOWS	0545
956	йГ	PROMONTORY	®466	990		REFUSE	0231
957		RECIPROCAL	2143	990	ж	ROPE	0942
957		JOINT	1729	992		MONEY	1136
		SEASON OF THE YEAR		993	ft	LAW	0268
959	&	PICTURE	0910			RHYTHM	
960	Я	DELIVER	1957	994	ffi	SIMPLE	1746
		REACH		994		PURE	0874
961	ж	PRUDENT	0463	996		OUTSET	0935
962	ж	CONSIDER	2057	997	fit	PRESENT A GIFT	1084
963	ж	LEVY	0485	998		SUN	0453
		SYMPTOM		999		DREAM	1510
964		END	0826	999		DEPOSIT	0713
965	ж	FLESH	2042				
925
FREQUENCY TABLE

INDEXES 3^1
On-Kun Index.....................................929
Wils^l
Radical Index
How to Use the Radical Index..................958
Quick Reference Radical Chart................961
Radical Index................................966
Pattern Index
^^51
How to Use the Pattern Index......................982
Pattern Index.................................984

ON-KUN INDEX
В UH 31
The On-Kun Index lists the characters alphabetically by their on (Chinese-derived) and kun
(native Japanese) readings. It offers a quick way to look up a character from its reading.
1.	Scope This index lists all the ordinary readings appearing in the entry-head data for each
entry character (see §3 on p. 36a); it does not list readings used exclusively in names (nanori).
Readings identical in form (ha\ ha2) or readings differing only in okurigana (yu(ki), yuki) ap-
pear only once.
2.	Format On readings are set in capitals; kun readings in lowercase. Okurigana endings are
not shown in parentheses. The tiny numerals to the left of the character column indicate the
total stroke-count if a reading block has more than ten items; the numerals to the right are the
entry numbers.
3.	Order of Entries The characters are listed alphabetically by the romanized transcriptions of
their readings. They appear in the following order: (1) short vowels precede long vowels (o, d),
(2) on readings precede kun readings (AKU, aku), (3) ordinary readings precede prefixes and
suffixes (ai, ai-, -ai). Characters having the same reading are listed in increasing order of their
total stroke-counts, and further grouped by radical number.
4.	Hints for Speed Since there are often many characters under a given on reading, but only
one or a few under the kun readings, it is usually faster to look up by kun reading. When there
are many entries under a given reading, you might save time by estimating the stroke-count
of your character and using the tiny numerals as a rough guide for finding it more quickly.
			ageru	± 2128	1127		akuru	IS 0572
	A —			1588	akatsuki	ВЙ 0669	ama	JE 1919
				Ш 0433	ake	ft 2200	ama-	2148
A	И	2204 0256	Al	& 1310 ft 1606	-ake	0925 IS 0572	amaeru	Ж 2218 ff 2176
a- abaku	s 1=1	1558 1609	ai	1274 Ж 1543	akebono akeru	К 0742 IS 0572	amai amari	ff 2176 Ф 1289
abareru		1609	ai-	0609		1418	amaru	Ф 1289 1289
abiru	№	0329	aida	FbJ 2094		И 2092	amasu	
abiseru		0329	aji	ft 0206	aki	3? 1418	amayakasu	ff 2176
abunai	Ja	2041	ajiwau	ft 0206		ft 0776	ame	2148
abura		0255	aka	1389	akinau	Й 1341		Ж 2218
adeyaka aete	IB % ft	0649 1222 1121	akai akane akarameru	Й 1389 S 1448 1389	akiraka akiru akogareru	IS 0572 tS 1127 tit 0511	ami -ami amu	0930 & 0941 te 0941
aezu agari agaru -age	ft ± ± * ж	1121 2128 2128 1588 0433 0433	akaramu akari akarui akarumu akasu	7$ 1389 IS 0572 IS 0572 IS 0572 IS 0572 ВД 0572	AKU aku	Ж 1758 S 0427 iS 0435 IS 0572 Q 1418 И 2092	AN	Й 1373 (Т 0157 S 1554 > 1585 1455 00 0689
929
ON-KUN INDEX
ana - ВО
ana	Л 1366		0081	ayamaru	1039		Ж 0575
anadoru	К 0059	atama	Й 1073		Ш Ю79		0668
ane	Й 0210	atarashii	1166	ayamatsu	1® 2003		# 1761
ani	Я 1362	atari	Й 1916	ayashii	6 0220		Ж 1347
anzu	S 1554		S 1378	ayashimu	Ж 0220		Ж 1824
ao	1573	ataru	Ф 2150	ayatsuru	Ш 0531	-barai	& 0143
aogu	0032		S 1378	ayaui	® 2041	-bare	Hr 0670
aoi	W 1573	atataka	fi 0442	ayu	1209	-bari	Ж 0348
	1493		К 0690	ayumu	Ф 1566	-bata	Ж 0826
	> 1512	atatakai	fi 0442	aza	ft 1374	-batake	Д0 0611
ara-	Ж 1447		Й 0690	azamuku	Ж 1119	BATSU	ft 2184
	fi 0895	atatamaru	fi 0442	azayaka	1210		tft 0026
	ff 1166		К 0690	azukaru	Ж 0713		ft 0183
arai	Ж 1447	atatameru	fi 0442	azukeru	Ж 0713		fl 1675
	fi 0895		Й 0690	azusa	0655		M 2096
arashi	Ж 1491	ate	S 1378			-be	И 1916
-arashi	Jtl 1447	ateru	Й 1271		В —		ЙК 1099
arasou	1281		S 1378			BEI	Ж 2198
arasu	JiL 1447	ato	Ш 0267	BA	S 2073	BEN	ft 1264
a rata	ff 1166		В Ю32		Й 1768		® 0071
aratamaru	& 0180	ATSU	)± 1883	ba	Ш 0408		Й 2088
aratameru	0180	atsui	Ж 1905	ba	Й 1768	beni	/tt 0857
arau	0288		> 1600	BACHI	WJ 1675	BETSU	Й 0760
arawareru	Й 1572		1Й 1834	-bae	0600	Bl	Ж 1942
	0657	atsukai	Ш 0159		1642		3ft 0214
arawasu	Й 1572	atsukau	® 0159	BAI	7Й 1391		Ж 2050
	0657	atsumaru	Ж 1772		0080		Ж 1451
	S 1480	atsumeru	Ж 1772		Щ 0297		W 0109
areru	Яъ 1447	au	ft 1275		Ш 0626		Ж 0461
aru	ft 1896		ft 1274		tn 0340		Д 1739
	ft 1895		11 2019		Й 0395	-bi	0 1915
aruji	ЕЁ 1231	awa	Й 0249		Ш 0412		X 2159
aruku	1566	awai	Ж 0389		Я 1662	-biki	ЗИ 0133
asa	Jft 1995	aware	1310		ДЙ 1063	BIN	Ж 0071
	ВД 1114	awaremu	1310	bakasu	{Ь 0012		0887
asahi	ffi 1890	awaseru	ft 1275	bakeru	{b 0012		Ж 0908
asai	Й 0289		ft 1274	BAKU	Л 1559		Й 1344
ase	0161		0060		М 0112	-biraki	И 2092
aseru	Ж 1771		11 2019		Ж 1509	BO	® 2165
ashi	£ 1386	awasu	ft 1274		Ж 0469		В 1492
	Ж 1758	awatadashii	Ж 0425		В 1609		И 1505
	W 0664	awateru	Ш 0425		Я 0949		> 1521
asobasu	1Й 2008	aya	1242		Ж 0751		S 1522
asobu	jtt 2008		0933	BAN	71 1865		Ш 0720
ataeru	ft 2138	ayabumu	2041		№ 0041		Й 1748
atai	ffi 0064	ayamachi	ifi 2003		W 0765	BO	3t 2126
ON-KUN INDEX
930
boko-CHO
4 2L 1228	2157	15 Я 1796	?T 0145
5JP 0148	ft 0059	chi	2132	0166
1273	¥ 1629	JM 2196	7BT 0756
ft 0158	Ф 1566	?L 0964	8 ft 1626
7Й 0171	Й 2046	chichi	5$ 1248	9 ft 0273
№ 0175	ЙК 1099	?L 0964	Ж 2223
Й 1285	Ж 1351	chigaeru	S 2014	11 tt 0347
Efr 0203	W 1358	chigai	Й1 2014	ft 0348
1237	B0	R 1914	chigau	iS 2014	Ж 1104
Ю 0590	-bukai	Й? 0385	chigaya	1425	0795
> 1425	BUN	1247	chigiru	1686	Й 1098
9 ® 1579	£ 1242	chiisai	0002	Ж 0108
Ж 1630	M 2097	chijimaru	0955	M 2083
 1576	-bune	Й* 2203	chijimeru Ж 0955	12 Й 0431
10	1095	Ш 0906	chijimu	0955	ВД 1114
№ 0872	-buri	fi? 0316	chijirasu	0955	ft 0685
11 §! 1756	buru	8 0316	chijireru	0955	|S 2084
№ 0794	-bushi	ffi 1729	chikai	ifi 1941	13 ЙЯ 0709
1481	buta	К 0666	chikara	Л 2114	Й 1030
12 W 0110	BUTSU	{Д 0010	chikau	Iff 1764	14 ft 0485
ffl 0416	Щ 0587	CHIKU	П 0168	Ш 0829
Ш 0671	BYAKU	Й 2175	W 1329	< 1791
Я 1665	BYO	¥ 2167	Ж 1975	M 1523
15 > 1609	Ш 1426	Ц? 1506	15	0516
16 К 0741	0774	1743	0517
Ж 1069	Й 2059	CHIN	St 0195	0946
19 № 0752	ffi 0358	& 0613	ID 1051
boko	M 2170	Ж 0391	К 0645	17 К 0956
BOKU	2149		Й 0396	18 ® 1853
@ 1927	— c —	Ш 0693	19 ЙЙ 1213
0548		jt 1730	CHOKU	Й 1862
ft 0586	СНА	Ж 1446	Я 1154	Й 0973
® 0812	CHAKU	< 2086	chirabaru ft 1118	CHO	4 Й 2140
ft 0121	Й 0484	chirakaru ft 1118	Ф 2150
S 1763	CHI	6 Й 0152	chirakasu ft 1118	6 {Ф 0027
ft 0513	M 0160	chirasu	ft 1118	Ф 2199
BON	Я 1866	8	0250	chiru	ft 1118	7?Ф 0196
S 1317	£0 0768	CHITSU	Й 0786	8 E& 1413
Ж 0701	10 ffi 0081	S 1470	ffi 1575
-bori	1104	0882	CHO	0392	Й 0223
-boshi	Ф2116	Sfc 0883	W 1480	ft 0240
Ж 1577	12 W 1781	Sf 1012	9® 1972
ВОТ-	Й" 0171	?S 1999	Й 0935	ft 0603
BOTSU	Й 0194	13 Й 2066	CHO	2T 2106	Ж 1643
BU	2141	0814	42139	11 Й 0896
ft 1247	И 1671	5/Т 1920	15 Й 1139
931
ON-KUN INDEX
CHUN -FU
Й 1188	ЯЙ 0663	doro	iE 0241	10 Ж 1456
CHUN	ff 0693	# 1517	-doshi	Я 1982	5 1585
	DE	Й 1291		12 S 0413
— D —	-de	Ш 2180	— E —	Й 0428
	DEI	0241		13 Й 2017
DA	Я 0142	deko	Cl 2174	E	^1275	J® 0456
1556	DEN	ffl 1925	0 1937	ffi 0700
К 0907	0028	ft 1270	ЗЙ 0479
И 1804	Ж 1171	ft 0061	5Й 2013
fit 0424	Ж 1784	Ж 1704	SB 1122
St 1183	1209	в 1770	14 Ж 0491
DAI	75 1858	deru	Ж 2180	0910	15 Ш 0940
± 2133	DO	± 2127	It 1798	19tfe 1222
Л 2162	Й 0136	0526	erabu	Ж 2026
ft 0018	$5 1618	e	JI 0162	erai	Ш 0111
1265	Й 1974	ffi 0604	eri	ff 0777
1291	1639	1642	Ш 0845
Ш 0314	DO	6 |r| 1897	Я 2223	eru	ff 0351
1706	9 Я 0280	eda	Й 0579	St 0537
It 1678	10 Я 0637	egaku	0358	ETSU	1Й0311
ffl 2103	ЯЙ 0646	El	5zK 1230	Й 2085
-daira	T 2167	11 ®J 1163	8 ЙС 0242	fl 1054
-daka	rMj 1330	1656	1427	ПЭ 2101
-daki	'Ж 0584	12 M 1348	9 № 0600	
DAKU	Й Ю52	Ж 2000	1642	— F —
0533	13 » 0113	11 в 1770	
daku	0227	14 S@ 1132	12 Й 1667	FU	4	2141
-dama	5 2166	15 2# 1845	Ж 0682	2157
damaru	1833	® 0511	ЙС 1004	X 1248
DAN	J=L 1548	17 Ii 0836	15	1216	4\f 0019
И 1935	-doki	Brf 0625	ЙЙ 1140	ft 1886
% 1613	dokoro	РЛ 0568	16 ft 1223	7tt 0184
Й 0780	DOKU	Ш 1571	Ж 0526	Ж 2209
1001	ЗЙ 0293	EKI	Ф 1268	% 1402
5¥ 0418	1038	S 0181	8W 1960
Й 0690	-domari	it 1868	Й 1561	fifi 0219
1053	-dome	lb 1868	ЙЕ 2058	Ф 1566
ft 0522	S 1646	Й 1468	Pft 0257
Й 0743	-domo	zb 1551	Й 0375	9 Ж 1327
-dana	Я 0672	ft 0066	Ж 1184	Й 2078
-daore	@| 0093	DON	Й 1108	emu	1692	Ж 1908
dasu	Ж 2180	ft 1610	EN	4E) 1875	10 S- 0319
-date	\L 1257	-dono	Ж 1171	8 51 1952	11 № 0343
Ш 1965	-dori	® 0847	ift 0243	Я 1707
-dateru	\L 1257	Й1 0514	1568	12 Ж 1489
DATSU	Й5 0366	-dori	Я 1982	Ж 1428	1499
ON-KUN INDEX
932
FO-GI
14 Ж 2022		Ш 0873		1429		Ш 1196	
	ffl Ю46		9 1773		Я 1663	GATSU	Я 1876
	15	1207		PR 0505		Ш 0811	gawa	0105
	W 2056		tR 0507		® 1141	-gawari	ft 0018
	К 1064		tR 0512	-gachi	В 0686	GE	T 2115
	19 tf 1085		Ж 1532	GAI	Я 0135		Я 0135
fO	2157	funa-	Д- 2203		Ж 1269		Ж 1339
	Й* 0865		Яп 0906		Я] 0850		Ж 1017
	В 1908	fune	Й* 2203		W 1457		0718
	Ж 1489		Ш 0906		S 0376	GEI	$ 1403
	Ж 0694	fureru	М 1018		®l 1181		Я 1939
fuchi	Ж 0940	furi	fi 0316		ffi 0421		M 1214
fuda	tL 0546		Й 0335		Ж 0462	GEKI	ЙЙ 1221
fude	1718	furu	fi 0316		M 1019		Ж 1831
fue	ffi 1710		IW 0335		Ж 0717		Ж 0534
fueru	М 0680	furu-	fil 1262	-gakari	Ш 0073	GEN	4 ТЕ 1226
	it 0483	furueru	® 1794		Ш 0361		0 0132
fuji	К 1544	furui	fi* 1262	-gakaru	Ш 0361		5 5 1256
fukai	Й! 0385	-furusu	S 1262	-gake	® 0361		7 Ж 1233
fukamaru	Ж 0385	furuu	fi 0316	-gaki	it 1703		8 К 0213
fukameru	Ж 0385		Ж 1794	GAKU	1625		9 Й 2072
fukasu	М 2205		ff 1532		S 1627		KS 0296
fukeru	2040	fusa	m 1237		1808		10 ДМ 1910
	Ж 2205	fusegu	Й 0203		S 1174		* 1705
fuki	1536	fuseru	ft 0029	GAN	3 A 2134		11 S 0657
FUKU	ft 0029	fushi	ffi 1729		4TL 1226		BS 0796
	№ 0591	fusu	ft 0029		7 Ж 1288		Й 0897
	Й 1161	futa	— 1224		8 Ж 1423		12 М 0436
	Фй 0417		Ж 0013		Ж 1424		13 Ж 0459
	Ш 0420	futatabi	Д 2192		10 # 1466		ЙМ 0470
	0705	futatsu	Zl 1224		11 0S 0796		17 Ж 2068
	ЯМ 0710	futoi	1360		13 SB 0712		18 Ж 1192
	Ж 0827	futokoro	® 0528		18Ж 1177	GETSU	Я 1876
	Я 1747	futoru	1360		19 Ж 1199	Gl	6 & 0030
fuku	«К 0170	FUTSU	ft 0010		20 Ж 1547		7Й 0185
	PR 0505		ft 0143	-gane	1302		8 Ж 1414
fukumeru	Ж 1288		W 0244	gara	Ж 1000		11	0099
fukumu	1288	fuyasu	Ж 0680		0604		12 Ж 1119
fukuramu	Ж 0741		it 0483	-gari	& 0295		13 Й 1514
fukureru	№ 0741	fuyu	1365	-gashira	Sf 1073		14 й 1050
fukuro	1655			GAT-	'n 1274		15 {И 0124
fumaeru	Й 1066		G —	-gata	1243		Ш 1208
fumi	1242				0565		It 1055
fumu	Й 1066	GA	0046		Й 1685		17 Й 0540
FUN	Я 1247		ft 2208		® 0520		* 0746
	0869		И 1904	-gatai	1? 1805		20 11 1087
933
ON-KUN INDEX
-gi - hanabusa
-gi	W 2086	-goroshi	JS 0889		Ж 1749	hakaru	Й 1951
-gime	& 0197	-goshi	Й 2085	ha	JU 1860		St 0965
-gimi	g 2045	-gotoni	Ш 1283		0167		Й 0444
GIN	0^ 0169	gotoshi	0154		Й 1603		ft 1598
	1133	GU	5Д 0141		Ж 1497		Й 1069
-gire	W 0015		Д 1622		JS 0826		Й 1070
-giri	W 0015		8 2052	haba	fe 0417	hako	1741
-giwa	IS 0503		Й 1813	habamu	Ifl 0258	hakobu	Й 2006
GO	4S 2142		Йв 0542	habuku	< 1583	HAKU	S 2175
	5 2143	GO	IS 1459	HACHI	A 1859		{Й 0040
	© 1254		ffi 0100		Й 1123		ffi 0225
	6ffi 0031		Й 2001	hachisu	® 1511		Й 0246
	7 ?5F 0056		PS 0450	hada	SJl 0553		J0 1953
	® 1558	-gumi	0904	hadaka	® 0819		ЙЙ 0905
	1620	-gumo	Ш 1774	hae	1642		W 0112
	9 Ш 0267	GUN	Ж 1318	haeru	£ 2179		Й 1534
	0623		0984		0600	haku	ft 0151
	10	0301		Й 1037		Ж 1642		0372
	18 0312	gurai	<4 0042	hagane	Я 1145		И 2028
	11 Ш 0652	-gurushii	Ж 1433	hagemasu	Й 0762	hama	0320
	12 W 0422	-gusa	Ж 1450	hagemu	Й 0762	HAN	3 Я 1866
	MS 1120		Я 0823	hageshii	Ж 0534		1869
	13 ЙЯ 0702	GYAKU	J® 2049	hagi	ЯП 1495		5АИ 2182
	# 1734		ЙЁ 1966	haha	© 2165		ЗЕ 0146
	14 8? 1039	GYO	Ж 0652	HAI	3 0224		6 Л 0156
	8& 1040		& 1345		ff 0574		7	0041
	20 Й 1088		Й 0422		Й 0619		Й 0765
GO	© 1361		0492		# 1641		® 0172
	1274	GYO	Ж 0134		0082		8 ® 0575
	№ 0274		ДО 0032		К 0981		№ 0585
	ffl 1097		("Г 0157		Й 0359		’° НЕ 0642
	5® 0349		Ж 0565		0991		0781
	Ж 1653		Й 1306		Й 2010		Же 0884
	Я 0403		ВЙ 0669		Ц 1795		" ® 0992
	Ж 1674		Ж 1674	hai	0< 1892		12Ах ню
	Ж 1355		0128	hairu	А 2113		13 Ж 0464
-goe	й 2085	GYOKU	ЕЕ 2166	haji	?L? 0882		'Ж 0701
-gokoro	0004	GYO	Ж 2151	haji ma ru	in 0211		ЙЙ 0714
GOKU	ffi 0695			haji me	fi] 0759		15 Й 1740
	Ж 0501		н —	hajimeru	in 0211		16 Ж 1826
GON	/Т 1406			hajimete	0759		18 S 1541
	Ж 1233	HA	В 2144		Ж 2209	han-	Ш 0721
	0569		ffl 0186	hajirau	№ 0882	hana	7Ё 1405
	ttj 1182		Й 0245	hajiru	0882		18 1465
	Ж 0731		Ж 0281	haka	Ж 1505		Д 1739
	Ж 2068		Й 0784	hakarau	g+ 0965	hanabusa	1427
ON-KUN INDEX
934
hanahada - HITSU
hanahada hanahadashii hanareru hanashi	® 1689 в 1689 ft 0570 Й 1195 Й 1027	hatsu haya haya- hayabusa	К 1821 ffl 0759 Ж 1549 Й 1978 Ж 1766	HI	4 it 0014 5Й 1923 6Й 0153 1557 St 0187	hikui hikumaru hikumeru hima	5* 0418 Й 0054 0054 fi 0054 Bg 0691
hanasu	ft 0570	hayai	Ж 1549		8® 0215	hime	#5 0303
	IS 1027		Й 1978		& 0226		№ 0413
	Й6 1195	hayamaru	Ж 1549		Ж 0247	himeru	Й 0787
hanatsu	ft 0570	hayameru	Ж 1549		ЯЕ 0592	HIN	дд 1437
hane	0167		Й 1978		# 0598		® 0320
haneru	1030	hayashi	# 0577		’W- 1688		Ш 0653
hara	Ж 1910	hayasu	£ 2179		Ж 2222		Й 1344
	И 0710	hazukashii	0882		10 ft 2060		Ж 1524
-harai	JA 0143	hazukashimeru			Й 0787		Ж 1153
harasu	fflf 0670		в 1751		ft 0790	hina	Ж 1197
harau	JA 0143	hazumu	Й 0418		12 ffi 1775	hira	Ж 2167
hare	0W 0670	hazureru	Я 0135		Я 1240	hirakeru	Й 2092
hareru	fflf 0670	hazusu	И 0135		Й 1776	hiraki	Й 2092
hari	1092	hebi	К 0907		Й 1670	hiraku	И 2092
	ft 0721	hedataru	РЙ 0480		14 5$ 0820	hiro	# 1498
-hari	® 0348	hedateru	РЙ 0480		W 0925	hirogaru	JA 1921
haru	# 1644	HEI	5Й 2168		15 fl 1676	hirogeru	JA 1921
	Ж 0348		Ж 2167		16	2031	hiroi	Ja 1921
haruka	Й 2007		7 Ж 1621	hi	В 1915	hiromaru	Ja 1921
hasamaru	ft 0277		8Й 1436		X 2159		5Д 0141
hasamu	ft 0277		0J 0060		Ж 0024	hiromeru	Ja 1921
hashi	S 0826		9 ffi 0604		Д' 0552		5Д 0141
	ffi 0738		10 Й 2059		№ 0453	hirou	Jn 0279
hashibami	ft 0721		К 0330	hibiku	Й 1840	hiru	Ж 2116
hashira	ft 0603		11 И 2090	hidari	& 1887		S 1972
hashiru	ЙГ 1390		12 W 0407	hieru	Jr 0057	hirugaeru	Й 1219
hasu	31 1511		15 Й? 1844	higashi	Ж 2221	hirugaesu	Й 1219
HAT-	ft 0248		1843	hiideru	1616	hisashii	2121
hata	Й0 0611	HEKI	В 1815	hiiragi	Й 0608	hisomu	Й 0521
	Ж 1649		Э 1849	hijiri	S 1812	hitai	Ж 1174
	Ж 0716		2069	hikae	Й 0363	hitaru	S 0326
	Й5 0826	HEN	Jt 2158	hikaeru	Й 0363	hitasu	S 0326
	ft 0736		Ш 1916	hikari	УС 1550	hito	Л 2111
hatake	ЙЗ 0611		Jg 1940	hikaru	УС 1550	hito-	— 2105
hata raku	(И 0113		Й 1311	hikeru	91 0133	hitomi	0$ 0794
hatasu	Ж 2217		® 0101	hiki	ЕБ 1878		Й 0836
hate	Ж 2217		Й 2002		91 0133	hitori	5® 0293
hateru	Ж 2217		fe 0941	-hiki	0418	hitoshii	« 1723
hato	AS 0120	herasu	® 0436	hikiiru	¥ 1343	hitotsu	— 2105
HATSU	1634	heru	Й 0898	hiko	Й 2072	HITSU	Е 1878
	Й 1123		М 0436	hiku	91 0133		& 0006
935
ON-KUN INDEX
hitsuji-inoshishi
	Ж 0247 Ж 1718	hodo	19 № 0752 @ 0806	HYO	2089	ike ikeru	Ж 0160 £ 2179
nitsuji	¥ 1383	hodokosu	0599		I —	IKI	S 0341
hiya	0057	hogaraka	ffl 0891			iki	Ж 1693
hiyakasu	0057	hoka	H 0135	I	5 И 0025		# 0871
niyasu	0057	hoko	У 1266		6 & 0033	-iki	fr 0157
hiyayaka	Ф 0057	hokoru	W Ю22		Й 1270	ikidoru	® 0512
niyoko	Ш 1197	HOKU	ft 0147		7 fi 0042	ikioi	1829
HO	Ж 2209	homare	> 1608		E 1902	ikiru	£ 2179
	Ф 1566	homeru	Ж 1356		Й 1949	ikoi	® 1846
	{ж 0072	homuru	Й 1496		8 ft 0061	ikou	1846
	Я 0315	HON	S 1869		fi 1623	IKU	W 1295
	0321		Ф 2183		Ж 1561		® 0866
	И 0809		1410		9 Й 2226	iku	ft 0157
	tt 1046		Й 1219		> 2225	iku-	2229
	1142	hone	# 1699		W 1631	ikura	Й 2229
ho	ФЯ 0156	hono	1568		10 fi 0094	ikusa	К 1169
	M 0833	hora	0280		11 № 0339	ikutsu	Й 2229
ho-	'X 2159	hori	Ш 0342		Ш 1105	ima	1246
HO	Ж 1243	horobiru	Й 0475		'It 0352	imada	Ж 2185
	1880	horobosu	M 0475		Ж 1651	imashimeru	i Ж 2043
	75j 1404	horobu	Й 0475		0798	imawashii	S 1401
	Я 0566	horu	Ж 1104		12 ft 0111	imi	Ж 1401
	1629		ffi 0364		Й 1776	imo	¥ 1381
	i 1415	hoshi	Ж 1577		13 Ж 1352	imoto	Й 0208
	Й 0227	hoshi-	2116		Й 2014	imu	S 1401
	Й 0570	hoshii	0990		14 Ш 0926	IN	4 ft 1252
	ЯЙ 0593	hosoi	Й5 0900		15 Ж 1835		5I 0133
	Й 0248	hosoru	jffl 0900		Ж 2023		6 EP 0554
	Й 0249	hossuru	0990		16 Й 0951		И 1936
	9	0072	hosu	Я2 2116	j	# 2153		9 Й 0262
	Й 0865	HOT-	S 0248		Й 1269		ML 0008
	ЯЙ 0620	hotaru	1658		0392		в* 1312
	10 Ж 0083	hotoke	ft 0010	-i	Й 1959		10 Ж 1454
	Ш 0084	HOTSU	Й 1634	ICHI	— 2105		0331
	0306	HYAKU	H 1279		Й 1392		11 Ж 1471
	SS 0785	HYO	Ж 0024	ichi	Ж 1258		1Ш 0397
	11 ЙЯ 1478		Д 1621	ichijirushii	W 1480		12 jJ: 1111
	ЙМ 1481		ffi 0225	idaku	Й 0227		14 ® 0502
	Й 0985		Й 1572	idomu	ft 0273		19 нЙ 1178
	12 ® 1115		Ш 0085	ie	Ж 1458	ina	S 1557
	13 < 1732		2089	iga	в 2052	ina-	0824
	IS 1127		Ж 1713	ii	SF 0155	ine	S8 0824
	14 Ж 1914		W 1005		Д 2216	inochi	1303
	15 Ж 1356		S 0493	ikaru	1639	inoru	W 0588
	16 Й 0950		Ш 0730	ikasu	£ 2179	inoshishi	Й 0392
ON-KUN INDEX
936
inu - JUN
inu	A 2160	Ж 1547		JIKU	tt 1014	12 Ш 0408	
inui	1101	iwao	Ж 1547	-jime	Й 0945		® 1659
-ire	A 2113	iwau	fit 0616	-jimiru	Й 1640		13 Ж 1508
ireru	A 2113	iya	0214	JIN	2 A 2111		14 В 1138
-iri	A 2113		Ш 0459		3Я 1860		15 Й 0942
iro	1280	iyashii	Ж 1688		4 t 0011		16 Ш 0523
irodoru	В 1103	iyashimeru	Ф 1688		1932		в 0525
iru	A 2113	iyashimu	1688		ffl 1929		1143
	В 1959	izumi	Ж 1636		7 E 1948		18 Й 0843
	® 1683				9 в 1689		20 Й 1089
	Й 0979		J		W 0615		Й 1090
	Й 1139				10 Ж 1649	JOKU	в 1751
isagiyoi	Ж 0519	JA	0766		S 0332	JU	2215
isamu	Ж 1326		Й 0907		11 ft 1592		§ 1569
isao	Й 0138	JAKU	® 1430		12 # 1498		0309
	1838		0792		13 Й 0815		8 0360
ishi	5 1884		1472	-jirushi	EP 0554		1113
ishizue	88 0842		Яш 2086	JIT-	+ 2110		4® 0715
iso	® 0839		ffi 0822	JITSU	0 1915		Ж 1790
isogashii	tt 0158	JI	5 ft 0021		Ж 1416		® 0127
isogi	В 1328		zj\ 1229	JO	& 2135		Й 0735
isogu	В 1328		6 Ж 0152		0154		Ш 1197
ita	Ш 0575		Ж 1374		Й 0764	JO	2 + 2110
itadaki	Ж 0108		Ф 1367		1945		5?+ 0144
itadaku	Ж 0108		& 0038		® 0970		6 Я 1271
itai	Й 2065		M 2190		0308		7	0044
itamashii	Ш 2065		§ 2195		Й5 1695		9 tn 0279
itameru	Ж 2065		7	0043		Йч 0333		S 1325
	® 0118		1617		Bt 0742		Ж 2223
ita mu	Й 0356		8 Ж 2220	JO	3Jb 2128		10	0309
	Ш 2065		ft 0062		2136		11	0377
	® 0118		0250		47b 1250		14 № 1134
itaru	5 1382		9 ft 0275		6zK 1612		16 Ж 1217
	Й 0848		10 Bt 0625		2202		Ж 0952
itasu	Sfc 0883		Й 0333		7Ж 1395	JUKU	В 1830
ito	Ж 1379		12 Ж 0437		0204		В 1836
itonamu	Ж 1667		13 S 1515		8 Ж 1420	JUN	6 Ж 1930
itoshii	ft 1606		Й 1507		9 Ж 2224		<1 1891
ITSU	— 2105		Й 0922		Й 0261		9 ГЙ 0283
	® 1990		14 Й 2230		0282		® 1907
itsu	S 2142		Ш 0821		10 ® 1586		10 Ж 0095
itsukushimu	S 1515		19 в 1854		11 ft] 1164		Я) 0638
itsutsu	Н 2142	-ji	8S 1031		Ж 1657		М 0874
itsuwaru	0099	JIKA	И 1862		1W 0353		11 If 0357
iu	Ж 1233	JIKI	Ж 1862		Й 0370		/Ж 0378
iwa	Ж 1423		A 1316		Ж 1717		12 Ш 0423
937
ON-KUN INDEX
JUTSU - KAN
Л1Я 0009	Ш 0718	Й 0284	Й 0628
13 Ф 1828	Ж 1187	ft 1632	11 ® 1000
Й Ю20	® 1735	W 1581	Й 1100
15 ГЙ 0518	15 Ш 0831	11 tt 0654	12 Й 1668
ff 1056	Й 1057	12 fl 1181	13 К 1034
1Й 2024	17 Я 1800	0910	РЙ 0480
® 1068	ка	ЭД 0862	W 0421	14 И 2098
JUTSU	JzB 1954	S 1637	M 2092	15 Ж 0830
Ж 0350	К 0886	К 0451	16 Ж 0537
	Ж 1996	13 Я 0457	17 в 0539
— К —	-ka	S 1915	1017	18 Ш 0844
	kaba	Ш 0718	14 M 2095	21 й 1201
KA	3T 2115	kabe	® 1849	16 Ж 0524	kaku	X 1255
4{t 0012	kabu	йс 0635	® 0528	Ш 1703
X 2159	kado	Я 1293	kai	Ж 1614	какигеги РЖ 0502
5 ЙП 0023	Н 0597	kaiko	Ж 1589	kakushi-	РЖ 0502
nJ 1882	кае-	# 1780	kakaeru	Й 0227	kakusu	РЖ 0502
Ф 2169	kaede	Ш 0694	kakageru Я 0362	ката	Ж 1528
6	0034	kaerimiru ® 1583	kakari	Ш 0073	Й 1155
7 И 0045	1220	Ш 0361	катаеги Ш 0719
® 0046	kaeru	0018	kakaru	Ш 0073	катай	Ш 0719
1405	Ж 1940	Й 1638	кате	Ж 1346
8 ft 0063	Й5 1311	Ш 0361	kami	± 2128
Я 0064	'Ж 0098	Я8 1855	W 0615
Ж 2217	Й 0429	kakasu	X 1255	0879
H 0251	# 1780	kakawaru Я 0230	1К 1821
В 1431	kaesu	Й 1940	Ш 0073	kaminari	Из 1785
95£ 1638	№ 0098	Й 2099	kamosu	И 1090
0775	kagami	fll 1157	каке	Я 0361	KAN	3 Я2 2116
10 в 0087	kagayaku W 0947	kakeru	X 1255	5 ТУ 0139
® 0094	Я 0962	1638	# 2176
Ж 1339	kage	1Й 0397	Й1 0361	ф 2169
Ж 1458	Ж 1216	Я 0918	6FF 0161
Й 1464	kageru	Й 0397	Ж 1185	1282
1465	kagiri	РЙ 0296	Й 1855	7тё 1396
11 Ж 1482	kagiru	Рй 0296	kaki	fe 0260	If 0563
Й 1654	KAI	4 ^1245	kakoi	Й 1949	8 Ш 0065
Ж 1594	1275	kakomu	И 1949	Ж 1417
12	0438	0 1937	какой	И 1949	98 1319
2003	0< 1892	KAKU	6 в- 1370	# 1691
13 ® 0458	7 ft 0182	7Й 1293	W 2051
ЧЙ 0691	Ж 2043	8 ffi 0229	10	1697
Ш 0706	0180	Я 1904	1466
Й 1165	8 S 0220	9 Ж 1439	РЙ 0334
14 Ж 1516	Я 0228	Ж 1582	11 Й 1101
Ж 1518	9 Ш 0270	10 Ж 0627	Й 1162
ON-KUN INDEX
938
кап- - KEI
	Й 1760	kangae	# 2039		® 0520		1311
	Я 1593	kangaeru	# 2039	katachi	Ж 0565		Й 0429
	12	0404	kanmuri	Й 1319	katai	0 1963		# 1780
	0409	kano	0215		1805	kawasu	1272
	# 1490	kao	Ж 1177		Й 0802	kaya	> 1425
	Ш 0429	kaori	W 1637		H 1196	kayou	Й 1982
	1121	kaoru	§ 1637	kataki	Ж 1204	kaza-	S 1908
	fi 0673		Ж 1535	katamari	0 1963	kazari	fffi 1129
	1116	kara	1418		Й 0457	kazaru	1129
	M 2093		W 1988	katamaru	0 1963	kaze	® 1908
	И 2094		ffij 1000	katameru	0 1963	kazoeru	1170
	13 tt 1202	karada	•ft 0052	katamukeru	Ж 0114	kazu	1170
	J® 1502	karai	Ф 1287	katamuku	Ж 0114	KE	4 ft 0012
	1130	karamaru	Ж 0915	katana	71 1857		6 ® 0034
	1814	karamu	M 0915	katarau	fi 1040		Й 1368
	Ж 0471	karasu	tt 0605	kataru	fi 1040		M 2037
	14 tt 0487	kare	® 0215	katawara	0110		80220
	W 1736	kareru	tt 0605	katayoru	fi 0101		ЙП 1431
	Jffl 0932	kari	IR 0034	kate	ffl 0957		10 Ж 1458
	И 2099		0295	KATSU	ffi 0276		1465
	15 Ж 1206	kariru	{в 0091		0285		11 Ж 1654
	In 1825	karoyaka	® 1015		0337		12 ft 0805
	Й 0943	karu	Я 0016		Й 0379		20 Ж 1855
	16 К 0529		0295		WO 1180	ke	2152
	Ж 2032		Ж 1185		'?# 0472	kegarawashii 0163	
	ЙЙ 1150	karui	6 1015		Й 0818	kegareru	ft 0163
	17 £R 0747	kasa	1349		И 1081	kegasu	& 0163
	18ffi 1746		Ж 1504	katsu	J=L 2173	KEI	5 Я 1362
	Ж 1212	kasamu	Ж 1504		Й 1292		6 fflj 0555
	21 Ж 0963	kasanaru	Ж 2223		В 0686		1368
	23 ибо	kasaneru	Ж 2223	katsugu	fi 0238		7 Ж 0565
kan-	W 0615	kasegu	Й 0831	katsu ra	8 0629		Ж 1236
kana	2071	kashi-	Й 1664	kau	Ж 1662		8M 1297
kana-	1302	kashigeru	ffi 0114		Й 1128		8 0216
kanaderu	# 1645	kashikoi	R 1817	-kau	1272		ЗЁ 1432
kanaeru	0134	kashira	Ж 1073	kawa	Л1 0001		9 Ш 0073
kaname	Ж 1683	kasu	Й 1664		Й 1923		Й 0969
kanarazu	ifr 0006	kasuka	й 0461		M 0251		ЗУ 1685
kanashii	ffi 1775	kasumi	Ж 1800		Ф 1582		S 1438
kanashimu	ffi 1775	kasumu	В 1800		ffi 0105		Я 1686
kanau	0134	KAT-	o' 1274	kawakasu	Й 1101		0965
kanbashii	1404	kata	1243	kawaku	1101		10 Ж 1704
капе	1302		Н" 2158		0379		8 0629
	fi 0783		ffj 0565	kawari	ft 0018		11 & 1769
	ЙЙ 1159		В 1238		Й5 1311		Й 0362
kaneru	Ж 1469		ЗУ 1685	kawaru	ft 0018		Ж 0380
939
ON-KUN INDEX
kemono - kiyoi
Si 0898	16 Ж 1533	0430	11 Й 1484
Й 1658	R 1817	10 1120	Ж 1485
12й 1117	17 Ж 1076	Ж 0675	12 ЙЙ 1182
Ж 1597	18 M 1542	Ш 0805	ft 1109
6 1015	gg 1175	1493	1778
13 {Й 0114	Ж 1192	Ж 1669	1719
Й 0465	20 й 1855	13	0692	13 ® 1788
Ж 0919	kesu	0327	Ж 1353	15 Й 1816
14 Й 0482	KETSU	1255	14 Ж 0716	16 M 1144
15 ® 1798	Л 1366	M 0927	17 ® 1077
Й 2029	A 2196	15 S? 1742	18 Ш 0845
16 38 1846	ft 0197	№ 0508	kinu	Й 1270
19 W 1847	SS 0912	S 0732	Sfl 0920
II 1158	Ж 0115	1205	kirai	Ж 0459
20 It 1200	0519	Sg 1837	kirau	Ж 0459
® 1841	kewashii |ft 0398	0947	kire	W 0015
cemono	Ж 1217	kezuru	ВД 0972	16 № 0736	kireru	W 0015
kemui	Й? 0700	KI	3Й2117	17 Ж 0839	kiri	W 0015
<emuri	® 0700	6 ft 0030	18 Й 1193	0637
<emuru	Й 0700	1276	ki	Ж 2149	S 1802
KEN	4 ^2160	2041	£ 2179	kiru	W 0015
6	0035	Ш 0549	Й 1596	* 2086
7 Ж 1615	Ж 2037	fit 0735	-kise	Йа 2086
8|£ 1681	7lft 0178	kibishii	Ж 2068	kiseru	Ж 2086
Ж 1238	Ф 1294	KICHI	‘n 1369	kishi	Ж 1424
9Ш 1965	Й 1401	kieru	Ж 0327	kisou	Ж 1200
Ж 1687	A 0198	kikoeru	2097	kita	41 0147
СТ 0771	8?f 1409	KIKU	W 1483	kitaeru	SS 1152
10 ft 0086	Ф 1624	Й 1173	kitanai	0163
* 1469	iff 0588	kiku	Й 0757	kitaru	Ж 2211
1096	9ЗЕ 1438	ЯЙ 0849	kitasu	Ж 2211
* 1705	S£ 0856	M 2097	KITSU	n7 1369
ff 0980	(Л 0968	Й 0956	0405
11 ft 0102	10 !ffi 0098	kimaru	ft 0197	fp 1021
Ift 0398	® 0303	kimeru	ft 0197	ffi 0737
12 S 2012	Й 0791	kimi	S 2045	kiwa	0503
1g 1805	IB 0974	kimo	Iff 0563	kiwamari ® 0695
ft 0674	2079	KIN	4 ^7 1246	Й 1525
Й 0911	fid 1093	ff 1871	kiwamaru ffi 0695
M 2094	Й 1702	0173	Й 1525
13 Ж 0459	11 S 1716	It 1406	kiwameru	1398
К 1167	W 1473	ffi 1941	® 0695
0920	0667	8 J?» 1297	Й 1525
Ж 2015	Ж 1346	0569	kiwami	® 0695
14 ft 0932	12 Ж 1488	1302	Й 1525
15 Ж 0731	2229	9	0777	kiyoi	Ж 0384
ON-KUN INDEX
940
kiyomaru - kori
kiyomaru Ж 0384	5/х 0141	Ж 1463	kokoroyoi	0182
kiyomeru Ж 0384	5 2169	Й 0335	kokorozashi jfe 1394
kizami	WJ 0851	6_В 1232	гЖ1 1330	kokorozasu Ss 1394
kizamu	WJ 0851	1272	11 Ж 1994	KOKU	S 1884
kizashi	0166	ffl 0032	Й 0363	Я 1292
kizasu	Уъ 0166	Ж 1550	Ж 1653	Ж 1560
Й 1481	JH 1893	Ж 1596	1290
kizu	0118	[л] 1934	12 Ж 0425	WJ 0851
kizuku	Ж 1743	ЙР 0155	Ж 0440	И 1964
-kko	T 2125	ff 0162	ЙЙ 0800	Ж 1754
КО	Ё 2117	< 2039	® 0802	® 1186
1227	h 0157	S 0913	Йд 1048
5i 1364	7Х 1286	Я 0415	кота	1189
Ж 1262	Й 0174	13 Ж 0473	komaka	ЙВ 0900
8 P? 0205	2044	Ж 0474	komakai ЙВ 0900
@ 1963	Й 1397	Ж 1124	komaru	Щ 1950
Ш 0232	Jft 0188	14 Ж 0719	коте	Ж 2198
Й 2048	УХ 0179	0928	komeru	ii 1917
9 I® 0263	Й 2205	Й 1047	komi	ii 1917
5® 0266	8 ЗЙ 0849	15 Й 0832	komu	ii 1917
Й 0778	# 1408	16 Я 1852	komuru	S 0790
ЙЯ 0623	Й 0230	W 0527	KON	4^ 1246
tt 0605	® 1562	Й 1145	7 ffl 1950
10 в 0087	# 1567	17 Й| 0542	jfi 1941
Ж 1985	9 & 0074	Ж 1078	8 Я 1563
11 Ж 1653	Я 1905	Ж 1080	1302
St 2053	0267	ко-	W 0615	9Ш 1965
12 ЙВ 0439	ta 0271	kobamu	Ш 0231	® 0272
В 1241	0286	kobushi	Ж 1705	10ffi 0631
13 ЙЯ 0702	ft 0287	кое	Ж 1393	11	0344
№ 1022	Ж 1635	ЯЕ 0592	® 0381
gj 1168	ff 0857	koeru	ЯЕ 0592	Й 0899
21 Bl 1220	Йъ 1447	ffi 2084	Ж 1485
ко	IT 2125	ff 0863	® 2085	13fi£ 1167
J® 1617	0864	kogareru	1771	14	0729
0869	§ 1637	kogasu	1771	16 SI 1850
ко-	Ф 0002	10 W 0088	kogeru	1771	17	1851
* 2149	Ш 0089	kogoeru	0097	kona	0869
Ж 1596	Я 1584	koi	Ж 1331	копоти	0155
КО	3 □ 2119	Й 0627	Ж 0535	korashimeru	1853
X 2118	К 0630	® 1211	korasu	Й 0128
4li 1249	Ж 0322	koishii	Ж 1331	Ж 1853
?L 0131	& 0875	kokono	Л 2112	kore	2137
5Й 0138	Ж 0880	kokonotsu Л 2112	> 1578
15 0137	№ 0881	kokoro	'L? 0004	Ш 0352
Ja 1921	ЯЙ 0885	kokoromiru Bit 1025	kori	Ж 0024
941
ON-KUN INDEX
koriru - KYO
	HP 0984	9 Й1 0857	kureru	В 1522	W 0664
koriru	® 1853	10 Ж 1459	kuri	Ж 1694	KYO	|=L 1924
korobu	fi 0995	Ж 1985	kuro	Ж 1754	i 1364
korogaru	fi 0995	ЙЁ» 0783	kuroi	Ж 1754	В 1959
korogasu	fi 0995	М 1463	kuru	Ж 2211	Ш 0231
korogeru	fi 0995	14 Ж 1185		0961	ft 0232
koromo	Й 1270	15	1189	kuruma	Ж 2212	Ж 1588
korosu	® 0889	КО	1418	kuruoshii	£Е 0202	ffi. 2053
koru	ЙЕ 0128	1173	kurushii	S 1433	If 0986
koru	Ж 0097	kubaru	SB 0981	kurushimeru	Й 1433	ЕЁ Ю13
koshi	К 0711	kubi	If 1452	kurushimu	S 1433	KYO	4 И 1877
kosu	2084	kuchi	□ 2119	kuruu	£Е 0202	5 Я 1362
	® 2085	kuchibiru В 1752	kuruwaseru	£Е 0202	П+ 0134
kotae	Sr 1722	kuchiru	0550	kuruwasu	£Е 0202	1551
kotaeru	fr 1722	kuchisusugu 5Й 0498	kusa	Ж 1450	В 1899
koto	Ж 1233	kuda	W 1736	kusai	Ж 1682	Щ 0149
	Ж 2220	kudakeru	0773	kusarasu	Ж 2022	7Х 1286
	Й 0639	kudaku	5^ 0773	kusare	Ж 2022	$ 1554
	S 1651	kudari	T 2115	kusareru	Ж 2022	<Е- 0202
	1778	kudaru	T 2115	kusari	Ж 1156	8 Ж 1296
kotobuki	Й 2215	kudasaru X 2115	kusaru	Ж 2022	М 1297
kotonaru	Я 1651	kudasu	T 2115	kuse	Й 2069	ft 0066
kotowaru	®Т 1001	kudoi	I? 1056	kuseni	Ш 2069	Ш 0070
KOTSU	# 1699	kuiru	Й 0270	kusu	0696	0252
kou	Й 1331	kujira	1214	kusunoki	0696	9 Й 0969
	8# 1060	kuki	8 1432	kusuri	Й 1539	0264
kowa-	Я 1393	kuma	HI 1823	KUTSU	В 1958	0277
kowagaru	ffi 0219	kumi	Ж 0904		ffl 0364	й 0294
kowai	ffli 0219	kumo	St 1774	kutsu	it 1165	S 1637
kowareru	Ж 0524	kumoru	в 1610	kutsugaeru	St 1747	10 Ж 1591
kowasu	Ш 0524	kumu	ft 0982	kutsugaesu	S 1747	® 1696
koyashi	ЯЕ 0592	Ж 0904	kuu	А 1316	Й 0647
koyasu	ЯЕ 0592	KUN	Ж 2045	kuwa	Ж 1338	W 1336
koyomi	В 1912	ЯП 0975	kuwadateru	X 1276	11 5Й 0349
kozue	1Й 0656	Ж 1838	kuwaeru	ЙП 0023	Й 1002
KU	2 Л 2112	Ж 1535	kuwashii	1026	Й 0898
	3Л 2121	kuni	И 1964	kuwawaru	ЙП 0023	Я 0403
	□ 2119	kura	1334	kuyamu	Ш 0270	12 Ж 1604
	X 2118	Ж 1985	kuyashii	Ш 0270	14 Ш 0482
	4£> 1249	Й 1530	-kuzure	ЯЯ 1478	16 Ш 0738
	К 1879	kuraberu	0014	kuzureru	ЯЯ 1478	Я 1852
	5Й 0138	kurai	Вв 0689	kuzusu	ЯЯ 1478	17 Ш 0838
	1881	fi 0042	KYA	fllD 0046	19Й 1157
	7 Ж 0561	kurasu	В 1522		W 0664	20 ЯЯ 1200
	8 Ж 0066	kurau	Л 1316	KYAKU	0761	W 1840
	Ж 1433	kurenai	tt 0857		1439	® 1841
ON-KUN INDEX
942
KYOKU - mi-
	22 Ж 1848	-machi	0269	в 0488		mawasu	0 1937
KYOKU	ffi 1890	mada	2185		Я 0494	mayou	Ж 1967
	ft 2197	mado	Й 1476	manabu	* 1625	mayu	Ж 2050
	Ж 1943	madou	Ж 1783	manako	0796		Й 1542
	® 0695	mae	ttl 1453	maneku	ffi 0236	mayumi	tt 0743
KYO	2Л 2112	magarii	ft 2197	manugareru	ft 1309	mayuzumi	Ж 1678
	3 \ 2121	mageru	ft 2197	manukareru	ft 1309	mazaru	X 1272
	R 2122	magirasu	0873	mare	fia 1294		® 0381
	^7 2120	magirawashii	0873		Ж 0805	mazeru	X 1272
	5 Ji 2177	magirawasu	0873	mari	в 2052		® 0381
	10 0005	-magire	0873		% 1173	mazu	7*0 1552
	6 Й 0036	magireru	0873	maro	Ж 2034	mazushii	Й 1344
	® 0150	mago	0305	maru	F4 1875	me	tC 2135
	Й 0550	MAI	# 1283		A 2134		@ 1927
	7л£ 2210		Ж 2198	marui	A 2134		IT 1429
	3& 0561		0208		РЭ 1875		0Л 0796
	Й 1398		ft 0576	marumeru	Л 2134	me-	ffi 0724
	8 ffi 0253		Я 0300	masa	IE 2172	megumu	Ж 1704
	9 В 1328	mai	Ж 1358		tt 0606	meguri	Ж 1930
	ffi 0606	mairu	# 1308	masaki	ffi 0606	meguru	Ж 1930
	£4 0858	majieru	1272	masani	IE 2172	MEI	£ 1371
	Ж 0859	-majiri	® 0381	masaru	В 0686		1303
	10 IS 1459	majiru	1272		Ж 0130		0Л 0572
	S 2080		® 0381	mashi	J® 0483		Ж 1967
	11 Й 1003	majiwaru	1272	masu	Я 2154		SI 1787
	8$ 2052	makanau	1028		Й 1468		IS 1135
	ЙС 0658	makaseru	{J 0037		J® 0483		Hl 0481
	12 Jn 0914	makasu	EE 0037	mata	X 2108	MEN	1309
	13 A| 0120		ft 1327		Ф 1268		® 1324
	15 Й 1525	makeru	ft 1327	matano-	X 2108		Ш 0929
	17	1173	maki	ft 0586	matataku	й 0841	meshi	1110
			Й 1691	mato	И 0767	mesu	3 1261
	M —		Ш 0722	MATSU	тк 2184		Ж 0724
			1538		Й 0233	METSU	Ж 0475
MA	Й 1995	ma koto	Ж 1337		1434	mezurashii	> 0613
	Ж 2030		Й 1023	matsu	® 0580	Ml	тк 2185
	Ж 2033	MAKU	Ж 1509		ft 0269		Й 0206
	Ж 2035		ЯМ 0728	matsuri	1715		ЗФ 0214
ma	Ж 1337	maku	1691	matsurigoto	ft 0779		Ж 2050
	Ж 2073		Й 1507	matsuru	S 1715		1451
	М 2094	mame	_Э. 1235	mattaku	1277		2100
ma-	@ 1927	mamori	vf 1375	mau	Ж 1358	mi	- 1225
MA	№ 1995	mamoru	Тр 1375	mawari	Ж 1903		В 2124
maboroshi	Я 0132		Й 1088	-mawari	0 1937		# 2213
machi	НТ 0756	MAN	Л 1865	mawaru	0 1937		Ж 1416
	W 0421		0441	mawashi-	0 1937	mi-	Я 0422
943
ON-KUN INDEX
michi - nagai
michi	Ж 2000	miyabi	Й 0811		Й 1602		® 0678
	ES 1031	miyako	Ж 1106	того	Й 1061	munashii	1418
michibiku	Ж 1845	mizo	Ж 0473	moru	Й 1717	типе	S 1278
michiru	Й 0441	mizu	/К 0003		Ж 0495		A 1419
midareru	SL 0846	mizu-	Ж 0704	moshi	S 1430		Й 0647
midaru	SL 0846	mizukara	Й 2195	mdshi-	Ф 2186		Й 0678
midasu	SL 0846	mizuumi	ЙИ 0439	moshikuwa	Й 1430	mura	Й 0558
midori	S 0934	MO	Й 1435	mosu	Ж 0739		1037
	H 1738		Ц 0720	rnosu	Ф 2186	muragaru	1037
mieru	Я 1615	mo	ft 1807	moteru	0275	murasaki	Ж 1728
migaku	Ж 2033		1546	moto	T 2115	murasu	1508
migi	1888	MO	t 2126		7E 1226	mure	Й 1037
migiwa	Я 0145		2152		* 2183	mureru	1037
mijikai	fe 0801		Ж 1273		Ж 1590		1508
mijime	Ш 0354		Ж 1412		Й 1716	muro	Ж 1442
miki	Й 1130		Ж 1298	motoi	Ж 1716	mushi	Ш 2199
mikotonori	йЗ Ю09		Й 0881	motomeru	A 2210	musu	1508
mimi	3 2190		S 1756	MOTSU	W 0587	musubu	Й 0912
MIN	R 1922		Й 0393	motsu	0275	musume	Й 0302
	0782		0930	motte	0025	mutsu	A 1244
mina	W 1581	-mochi	Й 0275	mottomo	Ж 1599	mutsumajii	К 0812
minami	Ж 1320	mochiiru	1889	moyasu	Ж 0739	mutsumu	® 0812
minamoto	ЙМ 0470	modoru	1234	moyosu	Ж 0117	muttsu	A 1244
minato	Ж 0440	modosu	1234	MU	1266	muzukashii	В 1196
mine	в 0306	moeru	1481		Й 2046	MYAKU	Ж 0648
	Ж 1540		Ж 0739		В 0797	MYO	£ 1371
minikui	1082	moguru	№ 0521		1351		№ 0176
minna	W 1581	mokeru	0987		9- 1510		ф 1303
minoru	Й 1416	MOKU	A 2149		Ж 1069		ВД 0572
	0815		@ 1927		S 1802		> 1425
mio	Ж 0536		1833	mu	А 1244		Щ 1426
miru	Я 1615	momo	И 1279	mugi	S 1559		
	1008		Й 0636	mui	А 1244	— N	
misaki	W 0212	MON	X 1242	mukaeru	И 1939		
misao	Ш 0531		0597	mukashi	ЕГ 1574	NA	ЯК 0564
misasagi	Й 0400		0876	mukau	[р] 1934		1411
mise	Й 1962		Й 2091	-muke	[р] 1934		Ж 1320
miseru	Я 1615		Й 2097	mukeru	[р] 1934		$3 0877
mitasu	Ж 0441	monme	% 2161	muki	[р] 1934		S 0366
mitomeru	В 1041	mono	0587	muko	М 0414	na	£ 1371
MITSU	Й? 1474		# 2047	muko	[в] 1934		Ж 1486
mitsu	ZS 1225	moppara	W 1690	muku	|р] 1934	NACHI	0366
	Й 0441	morasu	Ж 0495		0676	nadameru	Ж 1443
mitsugu	Ж 1463	moreru	Ж 0495	mukuiru	Й 1115	пае	Щ 1426
mittsu	Z1 1225	mori	Tf5 1375	mukuu	Ж 1115	nagai	/к 1230
miya	Ж 1459		tt 0559	типа-	Й 0647		ft 1626
ON-KUN INDEX
944
nagameru - nokoru
nagameru	№ 0795	nanatsu	-t 2109	NEI	Ж 1519	nikushimi	fl 0489
nagare	Ж 0325	nani	Й 0045	nekaseru	Й 1503	NIN	Л 2111
nagareru	Ж 0325	nano	"b 2109	nekasu	Й 1503		fi 0037
nagasu	Ж 0325	nao	Ж 1422	neko	Ж 0391		Й 0177
-nage	& 0192		Ж 0449	nemui	0K 0782		Ж 1407
nagekawashii 0455		naoki	Й 1862	nemuru	0K 0782		IS 1041
nageku	Ш 0455	naoru	Й 0250	NEN	Ф 1284	ninau	fi 0238
nageru	1Й 0192		В 1862		1304	nioi	Ж 1682
nagi	В 1898	naosu	0250		Й 0893	niou	Ж 1682
nagisa	Я 0145		Ж 1862		1779	niru	0043
	Й 0386	naraberu	Й 1436		Й 0815		it 1782
nagomu	fi 0769	narabini	Й 1436		Ж 0739	nise	№ 0099
nagoyaka	fi 0769	narabu	Й 1436		fifi 1209	nishi	Й 2193
nagu	В 1898	narai	W 1711	-NEN	Ж 0940	nishiki	ЙВ 1144
naguru	К 0595	narasu	fl 0487	nengoro	1851	niwa	Й 1987
nagusameru	Ж 1835		RS 0481	neri-	® 0931	niwatori	Ц 1158
nagusamu	Ж 1835	narau	№ 0083	neru	Ш 1503	niyasu	1782
NAI	7Ь 1858		S 1711		Й 0931	no	75 1858
	1*5 2162	nareru	fl 0487	NETSU	1834		2. 2137
	1411	nari	Ш 2130	NI	И 1224		SF 0998
nai	t 2126	naru	ДЙ 2202		С 0011	NO	Я 0313
	** 1351		® 0481		В 1919		Й 0877
naka	Ф 2150	nasake	1W 0353		St 2038		йь 0888
	{Ф 0027	nashi	Ш 1757		1617		Й'Й 0665
nakaba	Ф 2182	nasu	ЙС 2202		И 2230		ft 1733
na ki-	t 2126		ЙП 1431	ni	Я* 2147		Ж 0535
na ku	Й 0253		2225		Й 1464	-NO	ЗЕ 2145
	0481	nasubi	ЙП 1431	-ni	Ж 1782		1946
nama	£ 2179	NAT-	#3 0877	nibu-	Sifi 1108	nobasu	# 0051
namakeru	Й 1323	-nata	1243	nibui	tE 1108		М 1952
namamekashii		NATSU	S 0366	niburu	ЙЕ 1108	nobe	Ж 1952
	1222	natsu	Ж 1339	NICHI	0 1915	noberu	® 1952
namari	й) 1122	natsukashii	® 0528	nieru	1782		Ж 1954
nameraka	0472	natsukashimu® 0528		nigai	1433	nobiru	# 0051
nami	Й 1436	natsukeru	® 0528	nigaru	¥ 1433		Ж 1952
	ft 0245	natsuku	® 0528	nigasu	Ж 1970	nobori	± 2128
namida	ft 0324	nawa	Я 0942	nigeru	Ж 1970	noboru	± 2128
NAN	% 1613	nawa-	EEf 1426	nigiru	Я 0427		# 1565
	Ж 1320	nayamasu	0313	nigoru	Я 0533		® 1661
	Й 0877	nayamu	® 0313	nigosu	Я 0533	noboseru	± 2128
	0994	ne	"s* 1312	nii-	ff 1166	nobosu	± 2128
	tfi 0696		ffl 0081	niji	Й[ 0863	nochi	Ш 0267
	Й 1196		fi 0631	NIKU	Л 2042	nogareru	Ж 1970
nan	Ж 0045		W 1540	nikui	fl 0489	nogasu	Ж 1970
nana	-t 2109	nebaru	tt 0893	nikumu	fl 0489	noki	ff 0980
naname	ft 0999	negau	ВЙ 1199	nikurashii	ft 0489	nokoru	Э 0640
945
ON-KUN INDEX
nokosu - osu
nokosu	38 0640	IB 1613		oiru	2040	оп-	W 0422
-nomi	№ 1111		0935	oite	0571	onaji	IrI 1897
nomu	№ nil	0-	Ф 0002	ока	JEt 2177	oni	Ж 1702
NON	ЙЙ 0690		И 0256	okasu	?E 0146	onna	tC 2135
-NON	# 1312		0422		ft 0076	onoono	# 1370
nori	ft 0248		Ж 0688		 1576	onore	5 2117
	MU 0967	O	4 BE 2145	okeru	0571	onozukara	Й 2195
-nori	® 2224		5 H 2170	oki	ff 0196	oreru	iff 0189
noru	Й 2224		2187	-oki	fi 1671	ori	iff 0189
	ft 2077		7 J® 1946	okii	Л 2133		Ж 0958
noseru	2224		8f£ 0217	okiru	Ё 2079	oriru	T 2115
	ft 2077		ff 0234	okonau	fr 0157		Й 0335
nozoku	0333		EE 0573	okoru	3S 1639	oroka	® 1813
nozomu	3 1756		Й 0596		fij 2079	oroshi	ffll 0971
	1083		К 0595		Я 1852	orosu	T 2115
nugeru	ЯЙ 0663		9 В 1635	okosu	2079		fffl 0971
nugu	ЯЙ 0663		10 № 0632		Ж 1852		Й 0335
nukaru	ft 0183		Й 1335	okotaru	Й 1323	oru	tff 0189
nukasu	ft 0183		11 Й 1596	OKU	Ж 1973		Й 1959
nukeru	ft 0183		12 Ж 1806		ffi 0125		0958
nuki	ft 0183		13	0474		fit 0530	osaeru	ff 0193
	Ж 1593		15 Ж 0733	oku	Ж 1806		ff 0234
nuku	ft 0183		24 Ж 2036		И 1671	osamaru	® 0017
numa	Й? 0254	d-	Л 2133	okurasu	® 1999		0250
nuno	Ф 1886	obi	Ж 1648	okureru	ft 0267		0092
nuri	1818	obiru	Ш 1648		Д 1999		0877
nuru	1818	obiyakasu	# 1336	okuru	Ж 1968	osameru	® 0017
nushi	± 1231	oboeru	Ж 1668		Ж 1084		0250
nusumu	1714	ochi	1494	omo	ЗЁ 1231		Ш 0092
nuu	Й 0950	ochiiru	ЙЙ 0334		И 1324		0877
NYAKU	Й 1430	ochiru	$£ 1494	omoi	Ж 2223	osanai	%] 0140
NYO	tC 2135	odayaka	® 0834	omomuki	ffi 2087	ose	ff 0032
	0154	odokasu	W 1336	omomuku	& 2078	oshi-	ff 0234
NYO	tC 2135	odori	ffi 1045	omoneru	И 0256	oshieru	Й 1002
	Й 1944	odorokasu	Ж 1848	omonmiru	№ 0352	oshii	te 0355
NYO	A 2113	odoroku	Ж 1848	omori	Ж 2223	oshimu	tit 0355
	?L 0964	odoru	й 1045	omote	Й 1572	osoi	Й 1999
	S 1325		й 1091		Н 1324	osore	Ш 2054
		odosu	W 1336	omou	Ж 1633	osoreru	® 1696
	o —	oeru	№ 0903	ON	Ж 1428	osoroshii	S 1696
		ogamu	ff 0224		# 1312	osoru	S 1696
0	0163	ogi	Ж 1239		® 1700	osou	Й 1856
	0769	oginau	И 0809		Ж 0413	osowaru	Й 1002
	0571	ogosoka	Ш 2068		fi. 0442	osu	ff 0234
	1758	di	1372		2013		S 0366
о	Ж 1942	dini	Л 2133		Ж 0834		Ж 0373
ON-KUN INDEX
946
ot--RYOKU
Ж 0688	RAN	SL 0846	’’ Й 1757	Ж 0684
ot-	ff 0234	JP 0567	S 0659	Й 0934
oto	"в* 1312	Ж 1491	12 ffi 2063	Ш 1147
oto-	ZL 2104	К 1827	13 Л 1354	RON	fm 1058
otoko	1613	Й 0544	14 Й 0725	RU	Й 0325
otori	В 1914	Ц 1543	15 И 2028	S 1646
0542	И 1545	1799	St 0660
it 0752	ЙЙ 0754	18 Й 1195	Йв 0726
otoroeru Ж 1333	REI	5 711259	ffl 1211	Й 1536
otoru	1553	0547	-ri	Л 2111	RUI	0324
otoshiireru ЙЙ 0334	7 fp 0047	RICHI	Ж 0268	Ж 1652
otosu	1494	0057	RIKI	Л 2114	H 1660
ototo	1291	Й 0762	RIKU	Й 0399	Ж 1176
otozureru IS 0985	1234	RIN	8 # 0577	RYAKU	IS 0793
OTSU	2104	8 Я 0067	’Ж 1906	RYO	S 1385
otto	2157	'|р 0221	10 (ft 0090	Jfc 0624
ou	4 2179	95р 0614	12 # 0683	Ж 2055
Я 1327	13	1125	13	1125	Ж 2057
7Й 1971	* 1786	14 ft 0932	RYO	2 T 2107
du	Я 1747	15 Ж 1793	15 !Ж 0126	6 Й 2191
owaru	0903	1799	tfe 1067	7Д 2216
oya	SB 1172	16 Ж 0536	,б й 0538	9Й 1313
oyake	1249	® 1151	18 ffl 1083	10 ® 0096
oyobi	R 2122	17	1540	24 ffl 1215	M 0870
oyobosu R 2122	Й 1218	RITSU	IL 1257	11 1® 0346
oyobu	R 2122	19 Й 1359	Ж 0268	® 0382
oyogu	ЙС 0242	REKI	® 1912	1694	Ж 0394
	К 1913	¥ 1343	0400
_ P —	REN	0221	RO	S 1385	12 Ш 0676
	1331	ft3 0583	ft 1598
-ppanashi ft 0570	Й 1976	Й 1031	13 Й 0816
	Ж 2016	1536	14 Ж 0122
— R —	Ж 1511	№ 1803	Ж 0492
	М 0931	RO	6	2040	Й 0933
RA	Ж 0819	Й 1146	7 % 1619	Ж 0828
Ж 1679	Ш 1155	9 05 0867	15 Й 1526
-ra	1723	RETSU	Я 0551	10 ВД 0891	ЙН 1059
RAI	0547	1553	26 0323	Й 2025
Ж 2211	1698	12 Ш 2011	S 1793
W 1785	Й 1727	'3 Ш 0697	16	0536
Ж 1799	RI	6 ]£ 2201	Й 0816	Й 0740
1075	7 й 0757	14 Ж 0495	17 Й 1540
RAKU	Й 0915	$ 1555	18 ffl 0957	Ж 2067
1494	® 2206	21 ffl 1803	ЙЙ 0837
1808	10	1694	ROKU	7л 1244	18 ffl 0957
BS 1035	W 1467	ffi 1996	RYOKU	Л 2114
947
ON-KUN INDEX
RYO - SEI
RYU	/Ш 0934 ЛА 1257	saguru SAI	0K 0374 3	2131	saki	jffi 2031 7*С 1552	sasaeru sasaru	£1251 Я 0855
	Я 0607		4W 0015		Й 0345	sashi	Й 0855
	St 0325		6 W 2192	sakigake	В 2095		£ 2082
	Й 1646		E 2193	SAKU	W 2171	-sashi	fa 0278
	Ж 1332		1400		0049	sasou	Й 1044
	Ж 0660		8 Ж 1628		ffl 0972	sasu	$1 0855
	S 0894		Ж 1570		0601		Jb 0278
	® 0401		1299		0890		It 0979
	Й 0803		9 Sc 2071		Ж 1587		M 2082
	JS 0726		0773		Ж 1720		ff 0317
			10	1460		S 1016	SAT-	1549
	s		Йо 2074		Й 0466	sato	® 2206
			Й 0889		£н 1148		Я 0403
SA	5£ 1887		It 0978	saku	К 0259	satoi	В 0938
	6 W 2192		11 ffi 0103		ffl 1180	satoru	0312
	7	0048		Ш поз		1727		X 1668
	№ 0049		S 0367	sakura	0632	satosu	ЗЙ 1072
	0199		Й 0383	sama	Ж 0723	SATSU	ffft 2171
	9$ 1580		1715	samasu	0057		tL 0546
	& 0772		В 0900		ft 1668		M 0853
	Ж 1446		Ж 1486	samatageru	№ 0175		$£ 0889
	10	0298		Sf 1340	-same	Ж 2218		Й 1520
	Й 2082		12 > 1599	sameru	Ф 0057		® 0825
	0878		Й 2076		ft 1668		Ж 0514
	12	1006		13 flt 0116	samui	SJ 1490		Ж 0541
	13 Й 0460		ffi 0117	samurai	Й 0062	sawa	2R 0201
	1762		1605	SAN	3^ 1225	sawagu	И 1194
	14 Й 0727		в 2077		Lil 1867	sawaru	Й4 1018
	18 ii 1156		14	0503		8# 1308		Й 0504
sa-	1549	saiwai	1408		10 Й 0633	sawayaka	Й 2228
sabaku	Ж 2076	saka	® 0172		Ж 1589	sazukaru	S 0360
sabi	1472		ЙЁ 1966		11 > 0354	sazukeru	S 0360
sabireru	Й 1472	sa ka-	Й 0328		Ж 2075	SE	Щ 2178
sabishii	Й 1472	sa kaeru	Ж 1642		12 Ф 1349		Й 0599
sachi	Ж 1408	sakai	Ш 0482		Ж 1118	se	Й 1641
sadaka	ЙЕ 1420	sakan	HE 0573		14 Ж 1737		Ж 0983
sadamaru	Й 1420		® 1717		Й Ю49		JR 0545
sadameru	£ 1420	sakana	& 1345		15 R 1797	sebamaru	Й 0294
saegiru	Ж 2018	sakarau	Й2 1966		17 Ш 0744	sebameru	0294
saeru	№ 0056	sakaru	Й 1717	sara	ЛИ 2164	SECHI	Й 1729
sagaru	Т 2115	sakasa	ЙЁ 1966		Ж 2205	SEI	4# 2153
sagasu	01 0318	sakazuki	ff 0574	sarani	Ж 2205		5Ш 2178
	Я 0374	sake	Й 0328	saru	4 1364		IE 2172
sageru	Т 2115	sakebu	4 0149		Ж 0479		£ 2179
	Ж 0431	sakeru	S! 1727	sasa	® 1708		6 ЙС 2202
ON-KUN INDEX
948
sei - shibui
ffi 2193		16 fit 0835		Й5 1729		1379
7 Ж 1393		17 Ж 0953		14 SJ 1042		g 2195
8 M 0854		20 Яз 1750	SHA	1260		3! 1382
ft 0209	seki	M 2099		7Й> 0199		7 ffi] 0050
ffi 0218	semai	0294		ft 0562		jfe 1394
14 0222	semaru	ifl 1953		Ж 2212		& 0758
W 1573	semeru	Й! 0179		ST^ 1305		8 ft* 0068
Ж 1299		Ж 1595		Ж 2047		M 0855
9 Й 0779	SEN	3=F 2132		9	0772		№ 0210
Ж 1577		Л1 oooi		'° Й 0979		tn 0211
Й 0612		5 Illi 0020		0878		Й 0579
< 1583		Й 1263		" й? 0369		lit 0589
10 ® 1586		1552		£4 0999		К 0594
Ж 1977		9 Ж 1440		№ 0993		1684
” 1W 0353		W 1690		12	1782		S 1633
Ж 0384		3= 1640		13 й? 1762		1в 0278
Й 1717		0288		14 Й 2018		Jffi 0599
Ж 1709		$5 0289		17 St 1079		10 ® 0892
12	0414		Ж 1636	SHAKU	1863		ffi 0879
BW 0670		Ц 1448		R 2146		Яв 0649
13	1829		'° Я 1239		5 1884		” ® 0103
Й 1605		te. 0634		Ф 1389		# 0655
1812		” Й 0650		Ж 1574		IS 0662
1Й 1023		ЯЙ 0906		> 0091		12	1728
0817		13 К 1169		S] 0982		|Й| Ю07
14	0924		I® 1033		Ж 0997		ЙГ 1603
®S 1792		,4Й 1136		Й 1611		13 Й 1131
If 1764		ЙС 1137		Я 0750		Й 0460
1138		15	0521	SHI	3±. 2137		Й 1507
15 M 1060		0944		± 2129		W Ю24
16 Й 1839		Я 2026		Т 2125		IS 1025
ff 1641		iS 2027		В 2124		Ж 1731
’37 2123		16 M 1537		43£ 1251		ЙЯ 1128
5 Iff 1885		17 Ш 0954		1Ь 1868		14 Й 1043
H 1884		W 1210		Вё 1872		Й 0724
0164	seri	Ж 1406		5 tt 0021		15 ® 1065
7Ф 1389	seru	ЯЯ 1200		Я 1363		16 Й 1070
8 вГ 1574	SETSU	4W 0015		Й 1861	shiawase	Ф 1408
Iff 0578		7tff 0189		Ф 2188		0088
10	1986		8Ш 0235		И 1928	shiba	1380
® 1765		9?0 1441		TU 1258	shibaraku	® 1832
" ® 1472		10 йг 0889		1267	shibaru	M 0949
1b 0355		” й 0368		/5 1229	shiboru	0913
Ж 1595		Й 0987		6 S 1278		№ 0466
”1011 1032		W 1767		& 0038	shibu	Й 0377
14 SI 0822		13 £5 0467		2194	shibui	0377
949
ON-KUN INDEX
shiburu - SHO
shiburu	0377	fi 0316	shirushi	EP 0554	6 Е 1900
SHICHI	±1 2109	“ 1701	shirusu	IB 0974	ЁЁ 1933
	Ж 1796	ft 0326	shita	S 1384	7 Я 1393
shigeru	Й 1435	Ж 1337		T 2115	Ж 1947
	Й 1826	1649	shitagaeru	0309	й> 0190
shii	0679	fl- 1092	shitagau	0309	И 1399
shiiru	0349	’’ Л 1592	shitashii	В 1172	8 Й 0209
shiitageru	Й 2049	Ж 0385	shitashimu	Ш 1172	Й 1422
shika	Й 1996	0901	shitataru	fi 0499	14 0222
SHIKI	Й 1931	it 1991	shitau	> 1521	7Ж 0007
	6 1280	12 Ш 1602	SHITSU	zfe 2189	Я 0236
	0958	1008		S 1442	1=з 1564
	Й Ю86	13 Ш 1503		5Й 2061	# 1565
-shiki	Й 1207	Ш 0463		fl 1102	® 0580
shiku	ffc 1207	9Т 1166		fi 0443	Ж 0254
shima	В 2081	14 W 0721		0497	W 1573
shimari	Ж 0945	Ш 0722		Ж 1796	9 К 0779
shimaru	И 2090	15 If 1527	shizu-	> 1138	0S 0602
	0913	bW 1060	shizuka	В 1138	Ж 1577
	М 0945	® 1794	shizuku	'/Й 0499	ffl 0609
-shime	Й 0945	16 Wf 1538	shizumaru	1138	< 1583
shimeru	£ 1263	Й 1172		Й 1154	10 Ж 1461
	И 2090	shina	пд 1437	shizumeru	it 0195	Й 0336
	fi 0443	shini-	2194		В 1138	0309
	%£ 0913	shinobaseru S 1407		ЙЙ 1154	Ж 0327
	ЙВ 0945	shinobu	Ж 1407	shizumu	it 0195	2062
shimesu	7К 1229	® 0103	SHO	1918	# 0644
	fi 0443	shinogu	0096		7 Я 0759	® 0788
shimi	Й 1640	shinu	JE 2194		8 ЕЙ 0568	1692
shimiru	1640	shio	№ 0164		10	1695	11 ПЦ 0338
shimo	Т 2115	Ш 0456		Ш 1703	Й 1341
	Я 1801	ЙЯ 0516		11 Ж 1997	Й 0370
SHIN	4 'С? 0004	shiori	S: 1697		й 0386	ffl 0656
	5 Ф 2186	shira-	В 2175		12 > 1600	Ж 0384
	ЧФ 0051	shirabe	ПЙ 1051		13 8 1672	0387
	Е 1948	shiraberu pJ5 1051		14 Ж 0935	Й 2228
	# 2213	shiraseru Я1 0768		15 Й Ю61	Ж 1342
	$ 1287	shireru	Я1 0768		17 Й 0742	Ж 1709
	JR 1901	shirizokeru Ж 1969	SHO	3± 2128	ffl 0902
	8# 1308	shirizoku JS 1969		/Ь 0002	Ж 1487
	9 {В 0075	shiro	В 2175		4# 2153	0988
	ft 0076	Ш 0261		Я 2154	12 > 0686
	Ш 0290	R 0018		7J> 2163	Ж 1666
	W 0615	shiroi	6 2175		5S 1261	S 1601
	10 В 1752	shiru	0144		IE 2172	Й 0681
	Ш 0304	Я 0768		£ 2179	В 1771
ON-KUN INDEX
950
SHOKU - sono
	5Й 0804		15 в 0511		17 IK 1191		Ж 0498
	ffi 0909		ffi 2087		18 Й 0841		В 0936
	Я 0918	SHO	4® 0017	SHUTSU	Ж 2180		0937
	8 1725		5 И 1926	SO	8 I® 0258		Й 0938
	8S 1009		6#l 0039		9 tl 0617		j® 2019
	SE 1010		> 2203		10 fi 0789		Я 0825
	Я 1350		73§ 1616		Ж 1590		15 tt 0734
	13 Ш 0118		8 Ж 1903		11 ts 0371		16 Ш 0531
	ft 1819		S 1419		fi 0895		17	0745
	1809		9 tn 0279		М 0904		JI 1801
	1026		ft 0608		12 М 0799		18 It 1084
	0715		Й 0291		Я? 1011		Й 1194
	14	1203		0616		13 S 1820		19	1546
	Й 0924		ft 0776		Я 1810	soba	0110
	fl 0504		ft 1682		18	0842	sodachi	W 1295
	15'll 0511		10 H 0092	SO	4 Ж 0013	sodateru	W 1295
	Ж 1529		11 fl 1102		6> 1281	sodatsu	W 1295
	W 0509		ft 0903		tt 0165	soeru	Й 0390
	X 1677		W 1711		1933	soko	Й 1961
	17 fit 0129		W 0104		Ж 1549	sokonau	Ш 0468
	Ж 0840		S 1992		7ЙГ 1390	sokoneru	Ж 0468
	20 St 1159		121113		8йх 1419	SOKU	EP 0763
SHOKU	ft 1280		Й 1495		9 W 1645		Ж 2214
	ft 1316		Ж 1724		ffl 0609		Ж 1386
	ffi 0677		Ж 1772		1449		f£ 0078
	Ж 0680		13 Я 1811		1450		йО 0967
	M 1018		И 1036		Ж 1968		Ж 1693
	IS 1129		17 Й Ю82		10 > 1334		Й 1978
	РЦ 0506		22 Й 1856		t¥ 0317		Л 0105
	0958	SHUKU	Й 0852		St 0318		Я 0444
	0960		tS 0616		Ж 1338	somaru	Sfe 1640
SHU	4Ф 2155		® 1475		11 Ж 1477	someru	Ж 1640
	5 ЕЁ 1231		Ж 0388		Я? 0372	-someru	tU 0759
	6tF 1375		Ж 2227		W 1759	somukeru	# 1641
	Ж 2200		ffi 0955		Й 2228	somuku	W 1641
	8 Ж 0847	SHUN	6/Ю 1891		1476	SON	1894
	9 ft 0608		9	0077		Ж 1709		t't 0558
	0295		# 1644		12 Ж 1179		Ш 0305
	M 1452		10 й 0307		Й 1807		# 1500
	10 Ш 0092		Ж 1766		Я 1777		Й 1726
	ft 0639		11 1$ 0357		# 1496		Ш 0468
	ft 0643		12	0808		Й 1725	sonaeru	tS 0066
	Ж 0328		13 Й 1607		13 ft 0119		tffl 0109
	12 Ж 1724		Й 1020		Я 1810	sonawaru	Ш 0109
	Ж 0419		15 И 1056		> 1512	sono	Й 1428
	14 Я 0823		1068		14 Я 2021		й 2017
951
ON-KUN INDEX
sora-taku
sora	1418		9 6Ф 0868		0541	TAI	3± 2133
sorasu	К 1869		10	0871	surudoi	1140		4 Ж 1360
soro	0089		Ж 1333	susugu	Ж 0498		5R 0018
soru	R 1869		11 в 1770	susumeru	j® 1991		o' 1265
sosogu	ft 0240		Ж 0373		1202		7 ft 0052
sosonokasu	Й 0298		0996		Ж 1537		Й 0556
soto	0135		12 Ж 0679	susumu	i® 1991		ft 0200
SOTSU	Ф 1300		Ж 2004	sutareru	ffi 2010		9	0269
	$ 1343		13	0704	sutaru	Й 2010		Й 1323
sou	Й) 0243		К 0813	suteru	ft 0369		Ж 0861
	Ш 0390		14 Ц 1738	SUU	® 0150		В 0621
SU	T 2125		15 Й 0833	suwaru	Ж 1989		Й 1969
	ft 1231		16 в 1149		Й 0365		10 Ш 1648
	1375	sui	Ю49	suzu	1125		Ш 1650
	Й 2215	suji	В 1719	suzumu	ffc 0382		11 Й 1655
	Ж 1590	sukasu	58 1981	suzushii	7Я 0382		Ж 1993
	Я 0419	suke	Й 0764				12 # 1780
	& 1170	sukeru	Й 1981		T —		Я 1664
su	M 0039	sukoshi	7J> 2163				В 0452
	0291	sukoyaka	ft 0102	TA	Ж 1360		13 Ж 0477
	Ж 1477	suku	№ 0155		ft 0022		14 Я! 1822
	Й Ю16		Й 1981		1372		16 Ж 1678
SO	Ж 0581	sukunai	2163		Й: 0200	tai	Я 1213
	Ж 1479	sukuu	Й юоз		St 1183	taira	¥ 2167
	Ж 1504	sumanai	Й 0383	ta	ffl 1925	taka	rWj 1330
	Й 1170	sumaseru	№ 0383	ta-	2155		Ж 2036
	Ж 1197	sumasu	ЙГ 0383	taba	Ж 2214	takai	iWj 1330
subaru	Я 1579		0517	tabaneru	Ж 2214	takamaru	1330
suberu	Ж 0916	sumau	ft 0044	taberu	A 1316	takameru	iWj 1330
	ft 0472	sumi	Ж 1445	tabi	Й 1974	takara	ft 1415
subete	1277		И 0450		0624	take	Ж 2136
sudeni	0791		S 1763	tachi-	ft 1257		П 0168
sue	Ж 2184	sumire	Ж 1485	-tachi	Ж 2005		ft 1627
sueru	Й 0365	sumiyaka	Й 1978	tachibana	0737	taki	Й 0476
sugata	Й? 1684	sumomo	$ 1555	tada	Я 1363	takigi	ff 1538
sugi	0557	sumu	ft 0044	tadachini	Й 1862	TAKU	ft 1376
-sugi	Й 2003		№ 0383	tadashi	{0 0053		0191
sugiru	Й 2003		® 0517	tadashii	IE 2172		SR 0201
sugosu	Й 2003	SUN	1864	tadasu	IE 2172		Ж 1307
sugu	Л 1862		Й 1191	tadayou	S 0493		ffi 0237
sugureru	в 0130	suna	0199	tae	0176		Й 1974
SUI	4 7Х 0003		& 0772	taeru	Ж 0861		® 0299
	5 Ж 2180	sunawachi	ТЬ 1858		Й 0409		It 0976
	0170		ВР 0763		В 0917		Ж 0661
	8 ft 2219	sureru	0541	tagai	ft 2143		Й1 0543
	'Ж 0584	suru	И 0853	tagayasu	J# 0880	taku	'Ж 0584
ON-KUN INDEX
952
takumi-TO
takumi	15 0137	tariru	aEz 1386	5'?T 0145	® 1753
E 1900	taru	aEz 1386	7	0052	1126
takuwaeru S 1506	tashika	ffil 0830	fi 0054	Ш 0510
tama	5 2166	tashikameru ® 0830	JU 1387	1ft 0515
ft 0643	tasu	аЁ 1386	1938	TO	3±2127
ft 0658	tasukaru Й 0764	1291	4 4 1874
0418	tasukeru Й 0764	8Й 1420	6tt 0151
Ж 1793	tatakau	Wc 1169	Й 1961	7 Й 1951
tamago	0567	H 2102	ffi 0239	tt 0559
tamaru	Ж 0409	tatami	fi 1659	Й 0770	9Й 1974
tamashii §8 0729	tatamu	fi 1659	9^ 1314	10 № 0310
tamawaru ЙВ 1065	tate	Ш 1965	1315	1980
tame	2225	JS 1907	ВТ 0966	11 Ж 1106
tameru	0838	Ж 0952	Ж 1321	12 Ж 0445
tamesu	Bit 1025	Й 1150	10 Й 1987	S 1661
tami	й 1922	tate-	XL 1257	Ш 0314	13 В 1818
tamotsu	0072	tatematsuru Ж 1629	Ж 1979	16	1073
TAN	4 Я* 2147	tateru	XL 1257	11 ft 0106	to	4*2110
S 1869	Ш 1965	0107	-to	Л 2111
5 EL 1548	tatoeru	0067	12 ig 0410	ТО	Л 1857
8 fi 0238	TATSU	Й! 2005	Я 0431	5< 1365
9 Ж 1444	tatsu	XL 1257	В 0806	6 S 1378
Й< 1445	В 1901	13 ft 0707	fl* 0552
IE 0622	В 1965	Й® 0923	7 8 0192
11 ft 0374	Й 1634	15 J® 0945	tt 0559
0389	Ж 1332	TEKI	Й 0767	.S 1235
12 fe 0801	Bf 1001	Й 1955	8 ?lj 0848
13 Ш 0455	Й 0898	ffi 1710	Ж 2221
14 ® 0826	Ж 0917	0490	9 Ж 1970
15 B® 1062	Лс 2076	Ж 0499	10 ffil 0093
16 Й 0522	tatsumi	И- 1726	Й 2020	1647
17 ffi 0743	tattobu	1500	1204	ft 0097
IR 1152	Ж 1669	TEN	2148	W 1988
tana	ffi 0672	tattoi	# 1500	Д 1680	Ж 2081
tane	Jfl 0008	М 1669	Й 1962	0636
ft 0823	tawamureru	1208	А 1322	0637
tani	1290	tawara	ft 0085	В 1984	ffl 0877
tanomoshii ffi 1075	tayasu	ffl 0917	Ш 0390	ВТ 0977
tanomu	ffi 1075	tayori	fi? 0071	0995	Й 1981
tanoshii	Ж 1808	tayoru	Й 1075	Ж 1171	11 ft 0356
tanoshimu Ж 1808	tazuneru U 0985	ft 0722	Ж 1714
taoreru	ffil 0093	# 1498	tera	tF 1367	Р© 0402
taosu	ffil 0093	tazusaeru ft 0465	terasu	fE 1809	12 Ж 0411
tarasu	H 2219	tazusawaru ft 0465	tereru	{E 1809	Ж 0432
tare	® 2219	te	2155	teru	1809	ft 0678
tareru	Hl 2219	TEI	2T 2106	TETSU	Й 1956	0446
953
ON-KUN INDEX
to - tsumoru
Ж 2064		Я? 0568		toru	Ж 0847	tsuieru	Й 1670
	S 1661	токи	К 1911		Й 0315	tsuini	2004
	ffi 1721		№ 0299		Wl 1102	tsuitachi	0890
	1722		0641		Й 0367	tsuiyasu	К 1670
	1723		0351		SI 0514	tsuka	Ж 2214
	0916		® 1789	toru	J5 1981		Ж 0406
	JI 2000		® 0486		Я 1982	tsukaeru	tt 0021
	14	0824		1ft 1038	toshi	1284	tsukai	ft 0068
	1ft 1038		® 1744	toshi	Й 1982	-tsukai	Ж 2015
	15 Й 1066	toku	0478	tosu	Я 1982	tsukamaeru	Ж 0315
	16 Й 0948		Й? 1017	totobu	# 1500	tsukamaru	И 0315
	W 1073		1Й 1042		M 1669	tsukarasu	ft 2060
	17 И 0836	tomaru	it 1868	totoi	W 1500	tsukareru	ft 2060
	it 0748		Й 0246		M 1669	tsukaru	Й 0496
	18 В 1544		Й 1646	totonoeru	1И 1051	tsukasu	® 1932
	H 2102	tomeru	it 1868		8 1839	tsukau	ft 0068
	20 К 0755		Й 0246	totonou	Щ 1051		Ж 2015
to	+ 2110		§ 1646		8 1839	tsukawasu	Ж 2015
to	P 1227	tomi	Ж 1489	TOTSU	fl 2174	tsuke	# 0019
tobasu	Ж 2222	tomo	Ж 1873		1421	tsukeru	# 0019
-tobi	Й 1030		Д 1551	totsugu	S 0458		St 1113
tobira	P 1240		ft 0066	tou	И 2091		Ж 2086
toboshii	S 1228		ЯЯ 0593	tozasu	ffl 2090		Ш 0496
tobu	Ж 2222	tomoe	E 2144	TSU	Я 1982	tsuki	Я 1876
	Я 0918	tomonau	№ 0041		1106		{Я 0019
	Й 1030	tomoni	Л 1551	tsu	Й 0290		Ж 0732
-todoke	Й 1957	tomu	Ж 1489	TSU	Я 1982	tsukiru	1932
todokeru	В 1957	tomurau	2139		Ж 2065	tsuku	{Я 0019
todokdru	Ж 0477	TON	2156	tsubaki	Ш 0693		Й 1421
todoku	В 1957		И 1935	tsubasa	Ж 1745		St 1113
todomaru	Ж 1646		0357	tsubo	0207		< 2086
toge	ЙТ 0265		M 0666	tsubu	0894	tsukue	Ш 0549
togeru	Ж 2004		Sfc 1112	tsuchi	± 2127	tsukuri	№ 0049
togi	flffl 0046	ton	fn] 2091	tsuchikau	Ж 0340		Ж 1983
togu	0771	tonaeru	Pi 0338	tsudou	Ж 1772	tsukurou	Ж 0959
toi	Й 2091	tonari	0538	tsugeru	и1 1560	tsukuru	0049
toi	Ж 2013	tonaru	SI 0538	tsugi	0038		Ж 1983
tojiru	И 2090	tono	Ж 1171	tsugu	& 0038	tsukusu	1932
tokasu	Й? 0478	tora	Й 2048		fic 0368	tsuma	Ж 1628
	Я? 1017		Ж 1471		Ж 0919	tsumaru	В 1021
tokeru	Й? 0478	toraeru	Й 0315	tsugunau	Л 0129	tsume	В 1021
	Я? 1017	torawareru	Ж 0315	TSUI	0556	tsumeru	В 1021
toki	0$ 0625	tori	@ 2207		Л 1971	tsumetai	0057
toko	Ж 1947		Ж 0847		Ж 0679	tsumi	Р 1673
toko-	Ж 1657		> 2083		S! 1842	tsumori	Й 0835
tokoro	1918	tori	Й 1982	tsuibamu	0299	tsumoru	Ж 0835
ON-KUN INDEX
954
tsumu-warau
tsumu	Bn 1021 0490 И 0835 ® 1149	# 1895 ЭД 0167 #3 0055 Ж 2218		unagasu une uo	Ж 1774 0078 ЙХ 0983 Й 1345	utsukushii utsuru	S 1831 Й 1451 1260 Й 0600
tsumugi	й 0896		W 1443	ura	0321		& 0798
tsumugu	№ 0872		ЙЙ 0623		Ж 1354	utsusu	1260
tsuna	Й 0928		№ 0618	urameshii	tg 0272		Й 0600
tsune	Ж 1657	и	5П 0148	uramu	fg 0272		0798
tsuno	Я 1293	-и	£ 2179	uranau	Й 1263	utsuwa	§5 1742
tsunoru	Ж 1492	ubau	W 1517	ureeru	1811	uttaeru	1011
tsura	® 1324	ubu-	Ж 2075		Ж 1357	uwa-	± 2128
tsuranaru	Ж 1976	uchi	Л 2162	urei	В 1811	uwaru	W 0677
tsuraneru	Ж 1976		Ж 1458		Я 1357	uyamau	Й 1117
tsuranuku	Ж 1593	uchi-	ff 0142	ureru	7Ё 1391	uyauyashii	# 1591
tsureru	Ж 1976	ude	8Й 0687		1836	uzu	0438
tsuri	Й 1098	ue	± 2128	ureshii	® 0508		
tsuru	Й 0213	ueru	fill 1093	uru	Тб 1391		w —
	Й 1098		ft 0677		t# 0351		
	Я 1201	ugokasu	ft 1163	urumu	iM 0518	WA	l'± 0186
tsurugi	$0 1096	ugoku	ft 1163	uruosu	j® 0518		0769
tsuta	> 1523	ui	M 1357	uruou	1Й 0518		8? 0094
tsutaeru	fe 0028	ui-	0759	urushi	0497		Й 1027
tsutau	fa 0028	uji	Й 1872	uruwashii	Я 1359	wa	0167
tsutawaru	fa 0028	ukaberu	S 0319	ushi	ft 2140		ft 2208
tsutomaru	№ 1182	ukabu	?? 0319		41 2151		$И 1067
tsutomeru	1618	ukagau	® 0050	ushinau	2189	waga-	® 1558
	0797	ukareru	Г? 0319	ushio	0516		ft 2208
	№ 1182	ukaru	S 1569	ushiro	Й 0267	WAI	1028
tsutsu	® 1721	-uke	§ 1569	usu-	# 1534	waka-	if 1430
tsutsumi	й 0410	ukeru	§ 1569	usui	Й 1534	wakai	Й 1430
tsutsumu	1880		Mt 1060	usumaru	Ж 1534	wakareru	Я- 1247
tsutsushimu	Ж 0463	uketamawaru Ж 0007		usumeru	S 1534		B!| 0760
	If 1077	uki	Ж 1357	usura-	Я 1534	wakaru	Я 1247
tsuya	Й 1222	uku	?? 0319	usuragu	Й 1534	wakasu	В 0244
tsuyoi	?Й 0349	uma	Ж 2073	usureru	Й 1534	wakatsu	ft 1247
tsuyomaru	ЗЙ 0349	umare	£ 2179	uta	Ш 0297	wake	4 1247
tsuyomeru	ЗЙ 0349	umareru	£ 2179		Ж: 1187		IR 0989
tsuyu	в 1803		Ж 2075	utagau	ЙЕ 1050	wakeru	1247
tsuzukeru	0921	umaru	в 0300	utai	Й 1071	WAKU	j® 1783
tsuzuku	Й 0921	ume	Й 0626	utau	Щ 0297	waku	13s 0582
tsuzumi	® 1168	umeru	0300		ЯК 1187		W 0244
		umi	Ш 0284		ВЙ 1071		0448
— и		umoreru	в 0300	utoi	Я 0799	WAN	Й 0447
		umu	£ 2179	utomu	Ж 0799		Й 0687
и	1888		Ж 2075	utsu	Я 0142	warabe	Ж 1348
	Ф 1377	UN	Й 2006		W 0977	warau	% 1692
955
ON-KUN INDEX
ware - YO
ware	M 1558		0860		Й 1301	yomisuru	Ж 1516
	® 2208		Й 1468	YO	5	0140	yomu	Mt 1004
wareru	WO 1180		IR 0989		ffl 1889		1ft 1038
wari	WU 1180		Ж 1539		1383	yon	Щ 1928
waru	WO 1180		Щ 1091		9	0292	yone	Ж 2198
waru-	Ж 1758	yaku	'ft 0681		Ж 1683	-yori	Ж 1473
warui	Ж 1758	ya ma	LU 1867		10	1462	yorokobasu	Ж 1488
wasureru	S 1285	yamai	Й 2059		"Ж 1998	yorokobu	Ж 1488
wata	Й 0929	yamato	0094		12 Я 0433	yoroshii	Ж 1414
watakushi	& 0758	yameru	it 1868		fe 0434	yoroshiku	Ж 1414
wataru	j=L 1232		Й? 0922		2Й 0448	yoru	й 1936
	0445	-yami	Й 2059		Ж 1497		Й 1301
watashi	0758	yamu	it 1868		if 2007		Ж 1473
watasu	jg 0445		Й 2059		И 0453	yoseru	W 1473
waza	Й 0185	yanagi	W 0607		13 Ж 0699	yoshi	Й 2181
	Ж 1674	yasashii	Ж 1561		Й? 0478	yoshimi	Й 1055
wazawai	1400		fit 0130		Й 0703	yosoou	Й 1725
wazurau	В 1760	yashinau	It 1531		ЯЙ 0711	yotsu	Щ 1928
	0701	yashiro	tt 0562		1513	yottsu	Щ 1928
wazurawasu ж 0701		yasu	Й 1373		14 IM 0723	you	0996
		yasui	£ 1373		ffi 1045	yowai	0792
	Y —		В 1561		15 Ж 1528	yowamaru	Й 0792
		yasumaru	# 0036		# 1531	yowameru	Й 0792
YA	til 2130		£ 1373		16 Й 0532	yowaru	Й 0792
	0058	yasumeru	Л 0036		ffi 1071	YU	Й 2181
	Й 1301	yasumu	0036		18 BS 0749		Й 0255
	Ж 0862	yasuraka	Й 1373		Я 0750		tt 0610
	8? 0998	yatou	® 1241		20 Й 0962		1ft 0426
	W 0698	yatsu	Л 1859		24 Ж 2036		ffl 2008
ya	A 1859		Ж 0136	уд	7\ 1859		1ft 1072
	1267	yattsu	Л 1859	yobu	PF 0205		Sft 1074
	5Ф 0214	yawara	Ж 1325	yogoreru	ft 0163		ffi 2070
	Sc 2071	yawarageru	0769	yogosu	0163	yu	0446
	Ж 1973	yawaragu	0769	yoi	0155	YU	4Й 1873
	Ж 1458	yawaraka	Ж 1325		Д 2216		5^& 1888
yabureru	ffi 0784		ft 0994		Ж 1461		Й 2181
	0991	yawarakai	S 1325		® 0996		6# 1895
yaburu	0784		0994		# 1501		7 ft 0055
yado	Ш 1475	YO	2138	yoko	St 0733		В 1388
yadoru	Ш 1475		1253	YOKU	W 0193		S 2207
yadosu	® 1475		1289		0329		8 {W 0069
yakeru	0681		> 1608		Sft 0990		9 Я 1326
yaki	Й 0681		Ж 0713		32 1712		W 1443
YAKU	1870	yo	ti± 2178		Ж 1745		Й 1909
	0181		R 0018	yome	0458		tt 0610
	Й 2058		Щ 1928	-yomi	Vt 1038		0618
ON-KUN INDEX
956
уй - -zutome
11 Ж 1755	yurumeru	Й 0943	-zeki	W 2099	tt 0559
Я 1107	yurumu	S 0943	ZEN	± 1277	_S 1235
12 Й1 0448	yurusu	W 0986		W 1453	Ж 2220
Ж 0449	yuruyaka	Ж 0943		# 1501	ffl 1073
0810	yusaburu	fe 0434		1779	ZUI	в 1770
2008	yusuburu	Й 0434		0708	ft 0679
Ж 0688	yusuru	ffi 0434		Ж 0500	ffi 0454
141ч 1823	yutaka	® 1732		Ш 0959	Й 0704
Ш 1044	yuu	0912	zeni	Й 1136	ft 1198
15 Ж 1357	yuwaeru	Й 0912	ZETSU	® 1384	-zuka	Ш 0406
16 га® 1190	yuzu	tt 0610		В 0917	-zukai	fjS 0068
17 Ж 0130	yuzuru	Ю 1089	ZO	it 1983	it 2015
уй	З7 2123				> 1350	-zukare	ft 2060
yubi	fs 0278		z —		ft 0123	-zuke	f'f 0019
yue	0778				if 0483	Ж 0496
YUI	Й 2181	ZA	Ж 1989		ft 0489	-zukeru	f'f 0019
в 0339		(Й 0460		Й 0939	-zuki	M 0019
ft 0352	ZAI	ЙЕ 1896		Й 1530	-zuku	0019
Ш 2023		U 0560		Ж 1084	-zukuri	0049
уика	1947		ЙЯ Ю94		® 0753	it 1983
yuki	ft 1767		It 0978	-zoi	Й) 0243	-zukushi	1932
-yuki	fa 0157		P 1673	ZOKU	® 0079	-zumai	ft 0044
yuku	fr 0157	-zakana	Й 1345		Ж 0651	-zume	|r 1021
jffi 1977	-zaki	К 0259		Ж 2009	-zumi	'Й 0383
yume	1510	ZAN	0640		Й 0921	Ж 0835
yumi	2120		> 0354		ЙС 1029	-zu re	iS 1976
yuragu	fe 0434		W 1832	-zome	0759	0541
yureru	fej 0434	ZATSU	Ц& 0939		® 1640	-zuri	ВД 0853
yuru	fe 0434	ZE	7E 1578	ZON	# 1894	-zutai	te 0028
yurugu	0434	ZEI	0807	ZU	Ф 2155	-zutome	В 1182
yurui	Ж 0943		1Й 1042		E3 1951	
957
ON-KUN INDEX
HOWTO USE THE RADICAL INDEX
№ Ж SB 51 ® « l' Л
For those familiar with the radical system, we
have included the Radical Index, which lists
the characters according to their traditional
radicals and additional strokes. It is best not to
use this index unless you are well acquainted
with the traditional radical system, which is
based on the 214 radicals introduced by the Ж
koki jiten (Chinese: kangxi z'idian), a
comprehensive character dictionary published
in China in 1716.
1 Format of Radical Index
1.1	Scope The Radical Index lists all the
main entry characters. It also lists nonstan-
dard forms in cases where the original radicals
have been lost (see §3 below).
1.2	Format The heading at the beginning of
each section consists of the radical number
and the parent radical in its full traditional
form. Variant forms are given in parentheses
only in cases where the difference between the
parent and variant forms is so great as to be
difficult to recognize.
For example, Radical 64 ^ (I) includes the
variant in parentheses, but Radical 75 Ж,
which has the very common left-side variant
t , does not, since both forms are so similar
that no confusion is likely to arise. The small
numerals to the left of the character column
indicate the stroke-count of the nonradical
element; the numerals to the right are the
entry numbers.
1.3	Order of Entries The radicals appear in
order of increasing stroke-count and are
numbered from 1 to 214 according to the
traditional historical arrangement. Characters
sharing the same radical are listed in increas-
ing order of the stroke-counts of their non-
radical elements. The characters within a given
stroke-count subsection are listed in alpha-
betical order of their principal on readings or,
in cases where no on reading exists, their
principal kun readings.
2 Instructions for Use
STEP1	Determine the radical and radical number of your character: (a)	Determine the radical. See §4 How to Determine the Radical below. (b)	Determine the stroke-count of the radical. See Appendix 2. How to Count Strokes on p. 895. (c)	Determine the radical number using the Quick Reference Radical Chart on p. 961. NOTE: If you have memorized the number of the radical in question, skip steps /band 1c.
STEP 2	Determine the stroke-count of the nonradical element.
STEP3	Turn to the section of the Radical Index which corresponds to your radical number.
STEP 4	Locate your character under the stroke-count of the nonradical element with the aid of the small numerals on the left of the character column. The main entry number appears to the right of the character.
RADICAL INDEX
958
Example: Determine the Radical of Ш
STEP1	Carrying out STEP 1 as described, we determine that the radical of Ш is the 2-stroke element Л (^f), Radical No. 9.
STEP 2	Counting the strokes of the nonradical element Ж yields a stroke-count of 12.
STEP3	Turn to the section headed Radical 9 Л И).
STEP 4	Under the nonradical stroke-count of 12 appears the character entry number 0123.
3	Cross-References
The simplification of characters that took
place in the postwar period has resulted in the
disappearance of the radical element from
some characters. For example, й is tradition-
ally classified under El (Radical 73) based on
its old form but El has completely disap-
peared from the simplified form These
lost-radical characters are listed under their
traditional radicals, followed by the old form
in parentheses. For example, the index entry
for £ appears at its traditional radical El
(Radical 73):
9	1275°
In addition, the lost-radical characters are
cross-referenced under another radical based
on their simplified forms, which is followed by
the number of the traditional radical in square
brackets. For example, is cross-referenced
under its new radical Л (Radical 9):
[RAD.73] 1275°
The entry numbers of all lost-radical charac-
ters, both at their traditional radicals and at
their new radicals, are followed by a small
superscript circle (°).
4	How to Determine the Radical
To determine which element of a character is
the radical can be a laborious task. The follow-
ing guidelines should be of help.
4.1	Radical Position The position of the
radical within a character may be difficult to
predict. A character may contain several radi-
cal elements, and to choose between them may
require a knowledge of character etymology.
S, for example, consists of Ж and ffl, all
of which are radicals. The general rule is: take
the left radical in left-right characters (such as
{ in ЙС), the top radical in up-down charac-
ters (such as in ^), and the enclosing
radical in characters containing enclosures (as
Г in JA).
The Important Radicals chart below lists the
most important radicals, classified by their
position within the character. The radicals are
shown in the form in which they occur most
frequently. The position of many radicals is
constant in relation to the rest of the character
(though there are exceptions). These are clas-
sified in the chart below under the headings
left, right, etc. The position of other radicals,
classified under the heading others, is variable.
4.2	Important Radicals Memorizing the
most important radicals and their numbers
will greatly speed up the lookup process. Since
many Japanese and Chinese character diction-
aries follow the traditional radical system,
users making extensive use of radical indexes
will find it worthwhile to memorize the table
below.
4.3	Stroke Counting Since the characters
within a given radical group are arranged in
increasing order of the stroke-counts of their
nonradical elements, it is important to learn
how to count strokes accurately. Refer to
Appendix 2. How to Count Strokes on p. 895.
959
RADICAL INDEX
4.4	Variant Forms Radicals may occur in
their unabbreviated traditional forms, or in an
abbreviated form. For example, Л (Radical
94) appears in its complete form in but in
its abbreviated form of 3 in $&. Some radicals,
such as W (Radical 140), always appear in
their abbreviated forms (in this case 44'). To
use the Radical Index effectively, one needs the
ability to identify the parent radical from its
variant forms. See the Quick Reference Radical
Chart on p. 961 for information on standard
forms and their variants.
4.5	Lost Radicals Since the radicals of some
characters are based on their old forms, a
knowledge of the latter may sometimes be
necessary in order to identify the radical. See
§3 above for details on how this problem is
overcome in this dictionary.
4.6	Quick Reference Radical Chart This
chart, which appears immediately before the
Radical Index on p. 961, is the quickest way to
determine the radical number.
Important Radicals
LEFT RADICALS E fin hen 9 { 24 f 30 P 32 i 38 fy 39 J 46 jl 57 5 60 if 61 '|' 64 f 75 t 85 86 £ 93 ф 94 j 96 J 112 5 113 115 119 |	120 $ 128 j 130 fl 137 fl 142 J 145 jf 149 g 154 | 157 g 159 $ 164 g 167 | 170 |J 184 | 187 | 195 g RIGHT RADICALS Д	tsukuri 18 IJ 26 P 62 66 £	76 X 163 p 181 M TOP RADICALS В 3 kanmuri 8 -L- 37 Ук 40 46 ш 116 Ус 118 aa- 122 шз 140 -н- 173 BOTTOM RADICALS Q ashi 10 JL 12 /к 86 154 Д	ENCLOSURES □ У kakoi 27 Г 31 □ 44 Г 53 Г 104 162 169 OTHERS 1 — 19 Л 41 vf" 50 ф 72 В 74 Я 102 Щ Ю9 @ 172
RADICAL INDEX
960
QUICK REFERENCE RADICAL CHART
® n ж я - к
The Quick Reference Radical Chart helps the user quickly look up radical numbers as an aid to
using the Radical Index efficiently.
1.	Format The left part of each column gives the radical number in boldface; the right part
shows the radical in its standard or parent form, followed by the radical name.
2.	Order of Entries The radicals and their variants are listed in order of increasing stroke-
count of their standard forms. These are numbered consecutively from 1 to 214 according to
the traditional historical arrangement. When a radical has more than one form, the standard
form is given first, followed by all its variants.
3.	Radical Names When talking about the components of Chinese characters, it is convenient
to describe them by naming their constituent radicals. For example, we can say that con-
sists of '7 sanzui (the ‘water’ radical) on the left and ¥ hitsuji (the ‘sheep’ radical) on the right.
Each radical is followed by a romanized version of the most common radical name in Japa-
nese. If the character is a variant that is not itself used as a radical, the radical name is replaced
by a dash.
4.	Cross-References If the stroke-count of a variant differs from that of its standard form, it is
cross-referenced under the stroke-count of its corresponding standard form. The cross-
references appear at the end of a given stroke-count section, and are distinguished by radical
numbers in square brackets. For example, Radical 162 has the six-stroke parent form 7^, one
three-stroke variant L_, and one four-stroke variant j______All three forms are listed together
under Radical 162, but the variants also appear at the end of the three- and four-stroke sec-
tions respectively.
1 STROKE
1	—* ichi
2	I bo
3	ten
4	J no
no
5	Z-i otsu
L re
6	J hanebo
2 STROKES
7	—. ni
8	nabebuta
9	\ hito
		ninben	19	A	chikara
		hitoyane	20	A	tsutsumigamae
10	A	ninnyo, hitoashi	21	L	sajinohi
11		iru	22	C	hakogamae
12	A	hachigashira	23	c	kakushigamae
	A	hachi		c	kakushigamae
		hachigashira	24	+	]й
13	П	keigamae		t	juhen
14		wakanmuri	25	b	bokunoto
15	7	nisui		H	bokunoto
16	A	tsukue	26	p	fushizukuri
	Д	kazagamae		E	fushizukuri
17	u	kannyo, ukebako	27	Г	gandare
18	A	katana	28	A	mu
	'J	ritto	29	X	mata
961
RADICAL CHART
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
X. mata
3 STROKES
П kuchi
П kuchihen
П kunigamae
± tsuchi
t tsuchihen
± samurai
ty fuyugashira
ty suinyo
natsuashi
ty yube
ty. okii, dai
okii, dai
ty> onna
£ onnahen
ko
J kohen
ukanmuri
sun
/J4 chiisai
4,/ naogashira
tsu
mageashi
P shikabane
Ф tetsu
|JLl yama
Й yamahen
ш yamakanmuri
((( magarigawa
)11 sanbongawa
Л2 takumi
I takumihen
E onore
E mi
Ф haba
“F hosu
52	£	itogashira	69	ft	ono
53	r	madare	70		kata
54		ennyo	71	ж	munyo
	5_	ennyo		ft	sudenotsukuri
55	#	nijCiashi		ft	sudenotsukuri
56	ft	shikigamae	72	El	hi
57		yumi		В	hi
	5	yumihen	73	S	hirabi
58	H.	keigashira		H	hirabi
	a-	keigashira	74	fl	tsuki
		keigashira		Я	tsuki
59		sanzukuri		Я	tsuki
60		gyoninben	75	*	ki
[61]	-1'	risshinben		t	kihen
[64]		tehen	76	X	akubi
[85]	7	sanzui	77	it	tomeru
[94]	*	kemonohen		Jt	tomehen
[140]	-++-	kusakanmuri	78	У	gatsuhen
[162]		shinnyo, shinnyd	79	£	rumata, hokozukur
[163]	p	ozato	80		haha, nakare
[170]	p	kozatohen			haha, nakare
	4 STROKES		81	Ji	kuraberu, hi
61	ft	kokoro	82		ke
	-1'	risshinben			ke
	zb>	shitagokoro	83	ft	uji
62	X	kanohoko	84		kigamae
63	F	tobiranoto	85	7K	mizu
	J=3	tobiranoto		'7	sanzui
64		te		*	shitamizu
		tehen	86	'X	hi
65		shinyojumata			hihen
	£	shinyo, jumata		7^4	rekka
66	ft	bokuzukuri, tomata	87	Ж	tsume
	ft	nobun		vv/	notsu
67	%.	bun, bunnyo		ЛХ	tsumekanmuri
	ft	bun, bunnyo	88		chichi
68	л|*	tomasu		x	—
RADICAL CHART
962
89	%. £	meme meme	109 110	a ж	те hoko	125	£	hane oi
90	fl	shohen	111	ж	уа			oikanmuri,
91	M-	kata		£	yahen			oigashira
92	?	kiba	112		ishi	126	ffij	shikashite
		kiba		5	ishihen	127	ж	raisuki
93		ushi	113	75	shimesu		i	raihen
	4=	ushihen		$	nehen, shimesuhen		$	sukihen
94	Я	inu		I	shimesuhen	128		mimi
		kemonohen	114	A	gunoashi		I	mimihen
[96]	s	tamahen	115	Ж	nogi	129		fudezukuri
[113]		nehen, shimesuhen		%	nogihen	130		niku
[122]		yonkashira	116	Л	ana		я	nikuzuki
[125]		oikanmuri,		Ус	anakanmuri		fl	tsuki
		oigashira			—	131	E	shin
[130]	я	nikuzuki	117	XL	tatsu			shin
	fl	tsuki			tatsuhen	132	§	mizukara
[140]	-+<-	kusakanmuri	[71]	ж	sudenotsukuri	133		itaru
	-I I-	kusakanmuri	[85]		shitamizu	134	a	usu
[162]	x_	shinnyo, shinnyu	[92]		kiba		a	usu
	5 STROKES		[122] [145]	un *	yonkashira koromohen	135	ж s	shita shitahen
95 96	3E	gen tama		6 STROKES		136	n-	masu maiashi
	£	tamahen	118	n	take	137	Л-	fune
97	Д	uri		Mr	takekanmuri		я	funehen
98	Ж	kawara	119	ж	коте	138		kon, ushitora
99	fl-	amai			komehen		g	kon, ushitora
100	£	umareru	120	ж	ito	139		iro
101		mochiiru		*	itohen		fe	irozukuri
102	Ш	ta	121		hotogi	140	w	kusa
103	TE	hiki	122	И	amigashira		4-R	kusakanmuri
	i	hikihen		пл	yonkashira			kusakanmuri
104	Г	yamaidare		<7U	yonkashira			kusakanmuri
105	n	hatsugashira	123		hitsuji	141	Г6	torakanmuri
106	Й	shiro			hitsujikanmuri			torakanmuri
107	£	kegawa		£	hitsujihen	142		mushi
108	ПП	sara	124		hane		*	mushihen
963
RADICAL CHAF
143	ifo. Jj	chi chihen	161 162		shinnotatsu shinnyd, shinnyd	9 STROKES
144	It	gyo			shinnyd, shinnyu	176® men
	t T	gyogamae			shinnyd, shinnyd	177	kawa
145		koromo	163	В	mura	¥ kawahen
	*	koromohen		R	ozato	178 Ж nameshigawa
	r -					-f-t.
		koromo	164		hiyominotori	nameshigawa
146		nishi		0	torihen	179 MM nira
	r±±J	nishi	165	Ж	nogome	180 "g1 oto
		—			nogomehen	W oto
	7 STROKES		166		sato	181 Ж ogai
				s	satohen	182 Ж kaze
147	я	miru	[131]	e	shin	IL kaze
148	ft	tsuno	[134]	ЕЭ	usu	183	tobu
	й	tsunohen	[136]		maiashi	184	shoku
149	s	kotoba	[168]		nagai	jl shokuhen
	n	gonben	[199]	L	bakunyo	shokuhen
150		tani			—	shoku
	£	tanihen		8 STROKES		185 Ж kubi
151	u	mame				186 W nioiko
	S	mamehen	167	A	капе	10 STROKES
152		inoko		s	kanehen	
	r	inokohen	168		nagai	187 Ж uma
153	%	mujina			nagai	1 umahen
154	ж	kai	169	n	mon, mongamae	188 'S' hone
	Й	kaihen	170	ж	gifunofu	§ honehen
155	%	aka		p	kozatohen	189 гЖ| takai
	ft	akahen	171	ж	reizukuri	190	kamikanmuri
156		hashiru	172		furutori	191 П togamae
	II	sdnyo	173	ж	ame	192 Й cho
157		ashi			amekanmuri	193 fS kaku
		ashihen	174		ao	Й kaku
158		mi			ao	194 Ш oni
		mihen	175		arazu	Й_, kinyd
159	Ж	kuruma	[184]	f	shokuhen	[178]	nameshigawa
	i	kurumahen	[210]		sei	[212] Ж —
160	Ж	karai				
	£	karai				
RADICAL CHART
964
	11 STROKES		202	Ж	kibi		15 STROKES
195	%.	uo	203	s	kuroi	211	Ш ha
		uohen			kuroi		Й hahen
196		tori	204	ж ж	futsu		Й hahen
	,1	tori	[211]	Й	hahen		Ш ha
197 198 199	ж	ro shika baku		ЙГ ha 13 STROKES		212	16 STROKES йЙ tatsu
	r	bakunyo	205	О	ben		Ж -
		bakunyo	206		kanae		ft -
		—	207	&	tsuzumi	213	® kame
200	ft	asa	208	m	nezumi		Ж kame
		asakanmuri		bL	nezuminyo		Ж -
	ft	asakanmuri		14STROKES			17 STROKES
[201]	ж	—	209	ж	hana	214	1ЙГ yaku
[203] [213]	Ж a	kuroi		*	hanahen		18 STROKES
	12 STROKES		210		sei sei	[213]	Й kame
201	ж	kiiro					
965
RADICAL CHj
RADICAL INDEX
о
1
2
3
4
5
7
3
2
3
4
1
2
3
8
			s		Ж	SI			
			RADICALS	(L)			0011	ft	0055
1 STROKE					A		1245	6 is	0059
		0	£	2104			1246		0060
RADICAL 1	—	1	A	2112	з ft		0018	ft	0061
T	2105 2106	2 6	til SL ?L	2130 0846	tit И		0019 0025	it ft	0062 0063
-t	2109	7		0964	тГ		1259	e	0064
±	2128	10		1101	fill		0020	ж	0065
5t T	2136 2115		RADICAL 6	J	ft		0021 0022	ft	0066 221Г
Л [RAD.140]	1865°	1	T	2107	4 ft		0026		0067
—-	1225 2138°	3	T [RAD. 152]	1253°	(Ф		0027	cf [RAD.135]	1305'
[RAD.134]		5	> [RAD.87]	1281°	fe		0028	ft	0068
	2140	7	Ж	2220	ft		0029	ft	0069
	2141						0030	7 ft	0071
	2168		2 STROKES		ffi		0031	ft	0072
Ji	2177				ffli		0032	ft	0073
it	2178		RADICAL 7		ft		0033	ft ft	0074
Д	2173				Ия.		0034		0075
zg	1612	0	—	1224		[RAD.73]	1275°	&	0076
Ж [RAD.11]	2191°	2	5 TZT	2142	ft		0035		0077
Й [RAD.117]	1436°			2143 2153	ft		1276 0036	ft ft	0078 0079
RADICAL 2	I	3	Ц [rad.48]	1924°	ft		0037	8 ft	0080
Ф	2150	4	в	1232	[RAD.11]		1277°	tt	0081
		5	3i	2204	5 ft		0040		0082
RADICAL 3			RADICAL 8		ft		0041	Ж	0083
A	2134				ft		0042		0084
Я	2137 2147	1 4	t	2126 1268	ft ft		0043 0044	ft ft	0085 0086
	1231		Ж	1269	ft		0045	IS	0087
				1272	tin		0046	ft	0088
RADICAL 4	)	5	т	1286	fp		0047	ft	0089
n	1858	6		1296	ft		0048	ft	0090
X	2121			1297	ft		0049	ft	0091
Ж [RAD.29]	2122°	7		1313	fs]		0050		0092
5.	1228			1314	ft		0051		1334
Ж	2224	RADICAL 9 К		(()	1Ж [RAD.188]		0052°	@1	0093
					la.		0053	s	0094
		0		2111	ffi		0054	9 ft	0099
		2		0010	&		1289		0100
RADICAL INDEX
966
2
RAD. 24
		0101	RADICAL 12 Л		(')	RADICAL 18		Т) (IJ)	7	Я	0973
	ft	0102								Й	0969
		0103	0	л	1859	0	л	1857		ж	1326
	я	0105	2	£	1249	1	л	1860	8	й	2088
	«	0106			1244	2	к	1247	9	ю	1163
	ft	0107	4	л	1551		ffl	0016		»	1162
io		0109	5	д	1621			0015		&	0797
	№	0110	6	в	1622	3	и	0139	10	в	1492
	ft	0111		д	1680	4	ffl	0555		ffl	1182
		1349	8	*	1469		я	0551		в	0686
и	№	0113 0114		RADICAL 13	п	5	ffl ffl	0760 0765	11	№ &	1202 1829
	ft	0115	2	R [RAD.31]	1875°		ffl	0757	13	ОН	1838
	ft	0116		R) [RAD.11]	2162°		эд	0759		RADICAL 20	
	ffi	0117	3	ш	2171	6	£	1681			0
	ft	0118	4		2192		ffl	0851	1	Л	1863
	ft	0119	7	(И)	1576°		и	0853	2	л	2161
12	ft ft	0121		RADICAL 14			ffl	0854	3	&	1880
		0122					я	0855		RADICAL 21	
	ft	0123	2	7L	1250		й|	0848			L
13	Ж	0124	3	Л [RAD.40]	1260°	7	м	0972	2		0012
	[RAD.135]	1142°	7	S	1319		МИ	0967	3	ft	0147
	ft /as-	0125		RADICAL 15	Z		ffl ffl	1453		RADICAL 22	С
14	W	0127				8		1095			
15	«	0129	3		1365		ffl	1097	4	s	1899
	ft	0130	5	Я	0056		ffl	1096		Е	1900
	RADICAL 10	JL		Ж Ж	0057		Ж [RAD.77]	0098°		RADICAL 23	С
					0058		ffl	1094			
2	7t	1226	8	ж	0095	9	ffl	1161	2	ЕЕ	1878
	ft	1252		it	0096		я	1164		К	1879
3	Я	1362		it	0097	ю W0		1180	5	Е [RAD.164]	1902°
4		0166	13	ж	0126		ffl	1179	8	К	1911
	М/	1271	14	(И	0128	13	ffl	1221		RADICAL 24	+
	7t AR	1550		RADICAL 16	71		RADICAL 19 il				
	я	1552							0	+	2110
5	yg	1617	1	Я	1866	0	л	2114	1		2132
	й	1292	3	® [RAD.141]	1918°	3	йп	0023	2		1254
6	я	1309	4	В	1898		Й	0138		Я	2154
8	Й [RAD.203]	1647°	ю Ж,		1181	4		1553	3	Ф	2182
	RADICAL 11	А		RADICAL 17	Ц	5		1618	6	ш	0070
							Й	0764			1300
0	А	2113	2	И	1877		Й	0762		41	1307
2		2162°	3	ы	2170			1619	7	Ж	1688
4	£(£)	1277°		ш	2180	6	ffl	0850		й	1320
6	Й(Ж)	2191°		л	2174		ffl	0849	10		0112
967
RADICAL INDEX
RAD. 25
2
	RADICAL 25	b	£	1262	8	IQ	0337			0173
			-bj	1881			1769		Й	0174
3	£	1263	tt	0134		и	2091	5	Й	1306
RADICAL 26 П		(E)	Я Tfl	1363 1861		IB Й	0338 1341		ff	0207 2219
3		0148	£	2188		«t	0339	6	Ja	0260
4		0554	S	1261	9	&	0404			0261
		2041	£	1888		w	1488			1685
5	a	0761	3 Iff	1897			0405	7	tn	0300
	jp	0567		1274			1604	8	Ж	0340
	EP	0763	e	1370		й	1807		£	1656
6	#(«)	1691°	a	1369		Ж(Ж)	1444°			0341
7		0971		1893		e	1501			1716
	RADICAL 27	Г	[ff ff	1934 0149	10	Й	1131 0455		« &	0342 1102
2	JQ	1870		0150	11	ж	1516	9		0406
7	ff	1905	%	1371	12	1®	0505		и	1804
	Я	1906		2201			1742		s	0407
8	Я	1910	tt	0151			0506			1115
	RADICAL 28	A	4 В Iff	1288 0169	14 17		0539 2068°			0408 0409
3	£	1364		1558		RADICAL 31			я	1805
6		1308	£	1620			□		я	1660
	RADICAL 29 Я			1557	2	cs	1928			0410
			и	1560		И	1926		ж	0411
0	X	2108	в	2045	3	Ш	1935	10	ж	1505
2	к	1869	s	1385		s	1936		Ш [RAD.197]	0456е
	R(R.)	2122°	ft	0170		[ff	1937		й	0457
	|R [RAD.66]	0017°	D	1387	4	H	1949			1820
	Ж [RAD.172]	0013°	5 Iff	0205		s	1950			1818
	£	1873		1303		и	1951	11	Ж	1763
6	§	1569	ft	0206	5		1963		в	1830
	Ж	0847	Я	1903		Э	1964			0482
	Й	0852	ft	0769	9		2012		*	0483
7	7$. [RAD.66]	0970°	6 Я;	1310	10	gl	2017	12	ж	0507
14		1223	□□	1437		Н(И)	1875°			1842
				2071		RADICAL 32	±	13	я	0522
	3 STROKES		ft	0259						1849
			7 ЧЙ	0297	0	±	2127			0523
	RADICAL 30	□	ft	1454	2	EE	1883		ж	0524
				0298	3		0152		g	1850
0	□	2119	в	1752		£	1368		RADICAL 33	
2	д' [RAD.133]	1265°		0299			1896			±
	Я- [RAD.141]	1361°		1753	4	Я	0171	0	±	2129
	nJ	1882	w	1988		%	0172	3	tt	0165
RADICAL INDEX
968
3
RAD. 46
4	Я [RAD.154] Ж [RAD.128]	1391° 1392 1393°	&		1556 0176 0177	4 5	5t £ S	1396 1397 1413	8 9	Ш	1105 1498 1500
11	»(»)	2215°	5		1623		Й	1414	12	£	1845
					0208		4?	1415			
	RADICAL 34	к					J у /		RADICAL 42		('')
				s	1628		ж	1416			
6	[RAD.149]	1311°		Й	0209		w	1417	0	zb	0002
	RADICAL 35			w	0210		r±^_ 7Jn	1419	1	zj>	2163
		&		№i	0211			1420	3	S [RAD.102]	1378°
7	Ж	1339	6	$	2226	6		1439	5	ft	1422
	RADICAL 36			№ £	0262 1684		в £	1440 1442	6 8	Ж [RAD.30] M [RAD.47]	1444° 1477°
0		2123	7	№	0301		w	1443	9	Ж [RAD.86]	1667°
2	n	0135		te	0302	7	ж	1456	14	Ж [RAD.30]	2068°
3 5	%	1372 1301			0303 0304		ж ж	1457 1458		RADICAL 43	
10		1510	8		1768		ж	1459	9		1113
	RADICAL 37	к		&	0343		ж	1460		RADICAL 44	Г1
				да	0344		ж	1461			
0	*	2133	9		0412		§	1462	1	R	2146
1	£	2157		№.	0413	8	ж	1471	2	Jg	1919
		1360		Й5	0414		ж	1472	3	R. [RAD. 108]	1932°
		2148	10		0458		ж	1473	4	Я	1942
2	*	2187		Ж	0459		ж	1474			1943
	£	2189	11	№	0484		ж	1475			1944
5		1410	12	№	0508	9	"в	1489	5	Й	1957
		1629	13		0525		Ж	1490		Я	1958
		1409		RADICAL 39		10	ж	1502		Я	1959
		1411			Г		Й	1503	6	s	1973
6		1438	0	T	2125	11	ж	1518	7	в	1984
		1686	1	7L	0131			1519	9	ж	2009
		1645	3		1374		ж	1520	11	я	2021
9	n	1806		j?	1894	12	ж	1526	12	и	2028
10		1819	4	*	2044		Ж(Ж)	1260°		RADICAL 45 Ф	
11	w	1517	5	¥	1625			1527			
13	в	1532			1624		RADICAL 41		1		2156
	RADICAL 38	£		rm. “7TfT	1412					RADICAL 46	Ш
			6	Iffi	0263	0	\f*	1864			
0	£	2135	7		0305	3		1367	0	[JU	1867
2 3	ffi	0136 0153		RADICAL 40		4	Ж [RAD.33]	2215° 0556	4 5	К s	0178 1627
		0154	3	£	1373	6	й	0865		й	1423
		0155			1375		w	1690		Н=!-	1424
	£	1273			1376	7	w	0979		w	0212
4		0175			1377		w	0336	6	К	0264
969
RADICAL INDEX
RAD. 47
3
ЙТ	0265	1657		7 Ж	0308
7 ft	0306	9 И	0416	RADICAL 55 Л'	0309
1®	0307	ФВ	0417	2 #	1264	0310
ft	2081	10 Ж	1509	12	1843	8 Ш	0351
8 ЯЯ	1478	12 Й?	1844		9 Ш	0420
Й	0345		RADICAL 56 X	Й	0422
®	0346	RADICAL 51 X	3	[RAD. 154] 2038°	ffi	0423
1479	0 X	2116	Й	1931	10 ffi	0461
9 Ж	1491	2 X	2167		11 ffi	0485
10 Й	0460	3 X	1284	RADICAL 57	®	0486
Ж	1504	5 X	1408	0	2120	12 ffi	0510
14 Ж	1540	10	1130	1 X	2139	
17 Ж	1547	RADICAL 52 X	Bl	0133 2 5Д	0141	4 STROKES
RADICAL47	(ЛI)	1 fl	0132	4 Й	1291	RADICAL61 >L? (t)
0 ЛI	0001	2 Й	0140	5 К	0213	
3 1	1930	6 ffi	1909	5Ф	0214	0 X	0004
ffl	0039	9 Ш	2229	6 Щ	0266	1	0006
8 М(Ж)	1477°		7 Й	0792	3 1t	0158
	RADICAL 53 Г'	8 56	0348	Й	1285
RADICAL 48 X	2 Jf	1920	5Й	0349	Ж	1401
0 T	2118	JA	1921	9 5¥	0418	Ж	1407
2 15	0137	3 4	1933		1946
g(E)	1924°	4 JX	1945	RADICAL 58 1	jfe	1394
£	1887	Ж	1947	8 в	1770	4 Й	1575
7 й	2082	5 Й	1960		ft	0182
	Й	1961	RADICAL 59 Л	1304
RADICAL 49 В	Ж	1962	4 Ж	0565	5 S	1639
0 В	2117	6 Й	1974	6	2072	ffli	0219
В	2124	7 Ж	1985	8 Ж	1Ю4	6	0220
1 В	2144	Й	1987	Ш	0653	В	1328
6	[RAD.26] 1691°	Ж	1989	Й	2089	tn	0221
9 Я	1726	8 Ж	1994	Ш	поз	Й	0222
	Й	1997	11	1203	S	1633
RADICAL 50 Ф	Ж	1998	12 Ж	1216	Й	1323
2 Ф	1886	9 Й	2010		6 %	0882
Ж	1258	Й	2011	RADICAL 60 t	&S	1695
3 ФЯ	0156	10 Ж	2016	4 ®	0181	Ш	0270
4 #	1294		5 ®	0215	Ш	1704
6 ЙФ	0868	RADICAL 54 X	S	0216	ffi	0272
Ф	1315	4 g	1938	0217	ffi	0271
7 ft	1986	5 g	1952	fiE	0218	ft	1591
Й	0892	6 1	1965	6 Ш	0267	®	1696
Ш	1648		Ш	0268	Ж	1700
8 Ш	0347		0269	1331
RADICAL INDEX
970
4
RAD. 66
Д	1693	В	1851	Й	0230	ft	0431
7 S	1758	ft	0530	ft	0231	ft	0432
1Й	0311	14 Ж	1853	%	0232	ft	0433
'IS	0312	16 й	1855	Й	0233	ft	0434
Ш	1760	RADICAL 62	t¥	0234	10 ЙЙ	0464
0313		ft	0235	Й	0465
Й	0314	2	2202	ffi	0236	Й	0466
Ж	1755	3	2208	ffi	0237	ft	0467
8 Ж	1775	Ж	2043	ft	0238	ft	0468
ft	0352	9 ®	1169	ffi	0239	11 S	1831
1W	0353	11 ЙЙ	1208	6	0273	Ж	2030
‘l>	0354	RADICAL 63 Я	t#	0274	ft	0490
1h	0355		tvf	0275	12 ft	0513
Й	1777	0 Р	1227	ft	0276	Ш	0514
I?	0357	3	1234	*	1705	1ft	0515
0356	4	1237	1588	13 Ш	0531
1783	Я7Т	0568	ft	0277	Й	0532
9 Ж	1606	6	1239	fa	0278	14 S	0540
ffi	0424	8 i	1240	ft	0279	Ж	0541
S	1813	RADICAL64 Т- (t)	7ft	0315	RADICAL 65
M	1352		Ж	0316	
Й	1515	0	2155	ft	0317	0 5	1251
Ж	1814	PF	2131 -I*-1*	fit	0318	RADICAL66 £ (%)
Ш	0425	2 Л	0142	8 ft	0358	
1811	JA	0143	Sh	0359	2 XR(llfc)	0017е
ffi	1810	3 ®	0159	Й	0360	3 3k	0180
Ш	0426	4 ft	0183	j#	0361	Й	0179
10 >	1521	ft	0184	tf	0362	4 ft	0570
1Я	0462	ft	0185	Й	0363	5 ft	0778
Ш	0463	IB	0186	ffl	0364	®	0779
В	1822	ttt	0187	tg	0365	6 ft	0887
11 S	1835	ft	0188	0366	7 ft	0991
1Я	0487	ft	0189	ft	0367	®(^)	0970е
В	1798	Ж	0007	Й	0368	ft	1002
И	2029	й>	0190	ft	0369	ft	1003
«	0488	ft	0191	ft	0370	8 ft	1121
Ж	2057	tx	0192	*	1666	ft	1117
>	1357	ffl	0193	ft	0371	ft	1118
tB	0489	5 tt	0223	ft	0372	ft	1112
12 Й	0511	ff	0224	ft	0373	9 ft	1170
®	0512	ffi	0225	ft	0374	11 ft	1207
®	1846	ft	0226	9 8	0427	ft	1204
Ж	1533	Й	0227	Й	0428	12 Й	1839
13 Й	0528	®	0228	ft	0429	
й	0529	Й	0229	t¥	0430	
971
RADICAL INDEX
RAD. 67
4
	RADICAL 67 X		s		1972 0600	2 4	ft ЙЕ	1895 0591			0604 1325
0	ff	1242			0601		Яй	0593		ff	1638
8		1776		Ж	1577	5	ЙЙ	0623		ft	0605
				BS	0602	6	К	0645		ffi	0606
	RADICAL 68	4-			1644		ЙЙ	0891			0607
0	4	1874		*	1578		%	0890		ft	1580
6		0870	6	s	1585	7	Ж	1756		ff	1640
7	#4	0999		se	0625	8	вд	1114		ft	0608
				ж	1584		Мй	1120		ft	0610
	RADICAL 69	ff			1586				6	ж	1455
0	ff	1871		s	1701		RADICAL 75 Т			w	0626
1	ff	1885	7	ft	1592	0	ff	2149		ft	0627
7	hkr M	1001	8	№	0668	1	ff	2183			0628
9		1166			1781		ff	2184		ff	1697
				g	1499		ff	2185		tt	0629
	RADICAL 70	*		tufc РЙ	0669		ft	0546		ffi	0631
0		1243			1597	2	ft	0548		ft	0630
4	&	0571		w	0670		Hl	0549		ft	0632
5	Ж	0599		ft	1600		ft	0550		ff	1694
6	Ж	0624			1601		ff	2200			2074
7		0650	9	ie	0689	3	ff	1395		ft	0633
	Ж	0651		Й	0690		ft	1554		ft	0634
10	Ж	0716		Bg	0691		ff [RAD.9]	2211°			0635
				W	0692		ff	1555		ff	1338
	RADICAL 71		10	ft	1522			0557			0636
5	И	0791			0829		ff	2214			0637
					1912		I'f	0558	7		0652
	RADICAL 72 tl		11	ft	1609		ft	0559			0654
0	в	1915			1832		It	0560		ff	1757
1	IB [RAD.134]	0005°	12	ft	1610	4	ft	0574		ft	0655
	В	1548	13	Bi	0742		Ж	0575			0656
2		1891	14	Bl!	0749		ff	2217	8		0671
	Ж	1890					к	0576		ffi	0672
	to S	1278		RADICAL 73	В		ft	0577		ft	0673
		1549	2	Й	2197		ж	1570		&	0674
4	%	1561	3	Ж	2205		ж	0578		s	0675
	в	1563	6	ft	1703		ft	0579			0676
	Я5	1562	7	ft	1759			0580			1602
	ВД	0572	8	Л	1599		ft	0581		fit	0677
	IE	0573			1780		ff	2221			0678
	eh	1574	9	£(<)	1275°		ft	0582		It	0679
	a	1564				5	ff	1630	9		0693
		1565		RADICAL 74 Л			ft	0603		a	0694
5		1579	0	я	1876		ff	1642		ж	1808
RADICAL INDEX
972
4
RAD. 85
£	1674	14 'Ж(К)	0098°	il	0162	ffi	0322
ж	1353			ft	0163	м	0323
s	0695	RADICAL 78		&	0164	ffi	0324
ffi	0696	2 5E	2194	4 ffi	0194	ж	0325
&	0697	б Я	0638	it	0195	а	0326
w	0698	&	0639	Й1	0196	ffi	0327
ffi	0699		0640		0197	se	0329
10 Ж	0717	8 51	0680	ft.	0198	8 ж	0375
ffi	0718			a	0199	ж	0376
ж	0719	RADICAL 79	%.	ft	0200	В	0378
ffi	0720	4 К	0595	iR	0201	ffi	0377
ffi	0721	5 Й	0780	s a	0240	i©	0379
ffi	0722	6 $	0889	a	0241	ffi	0380
ffi	0723	7 ft	1000	a	0242	ffi	0381
11 ffi	0730	9 ft	1171		0243	ж	0382
ffi	0731	11 ft	1205	В	0244	ffi	0383
ffi	0732			it	0245	ffi	0384
ffi	0733	RADICAL 80		Й	0246		0385
ffi	0734	1 в	2165	Ж	0247		0386
12»	0735	2 ®	1283	&	0248	ffi	0387
ffi	0736	4 Ш	1571		0249	Ж	0388
ffi	0737				0250	ffi	0389
ffi	0738	RADICAL 81	th	M	0251		0390
13 ffi	0743	0 tt	0014	я	0252	9 S	0435
16 ffi	0754			Й	0253	ffi	0436
		RADICAL 82		&	1636	i&	0437
RADICAL 76 X		0	2152	ffi	0254	ж	0438
0 Л	1255	7 ft	2052		1650	ffi	0439
2 &	0038			Й	0255	в	0440
4 Jft	0569	RADICAL 83	Й	6 ffi	0280	в	0441
	0596	о К	1872	ж	0281	ffi	0442
7 ffi	0990	1 К	1922		0282	ffi	0443
8 ffi	1119			в	0283	ffl	0444
ffi	1116	RADICAL 84	“I		0284	iK	0445
ffi	1109	2 M	2037	ffi	0285	ffi	0446
10 ffi	1187				0286	В	0447
11 ffi	1206	RADICAL 85 7K ( Y )		ffi	0287	В	0448
		о ?K	0003	а	0288	10 Ж	0469
RADICAL 77 Ik		1	1230	ffi	0289	ffi	0470
o lb	1868	Ж	0024	ж	0290	ф	1828
1 IE	2172	2 ft"	0144	в	0291	ffi	0471
4 1Й	2046		2210		0292	ffi	0472
	1566	Я	0145	7	0319	ffi	0473
9 Й	1605	3 й	0160	&	0320	ffi	0474
10 ffi	1913		0161	ж	0321	ffi	0475
973
RADICAL INDEX
RAD. 86
4
Ж	0476	9 Й	0700			0294			
ж	0477	Я	0701		й	0295		RADICAL 98 К	
R	0478	йй	1809	8	»	0391	6	Ж	0908
и iM	0491 0492	10 $ и &	1823 1836		ж а	0392 0393		RADICAL 99 Ж	
	0493	I5E	1837		ж	0394	0	fl-	2176
Й	0494		1834	9	к	1167	4	*	1689
ж ж	0495 0496	12 Ж да	0739 0740	10	ЗЙ ж	0449 0479		RADICAL 100 4	
$	0497	13 Й(»	1667°		ж	0501	0	&	2179
й	0498	я	0744	12	ж	1217	6	Ж	2075
ж й	0499	да кЗЗ	0745	13	ж	0537		RADICAL 101	
	0500	14 Я	0750						
12 Ж	0516	15»	0751		5 STROKES		0		1889
ж 1Й ж	0517	RADICAL 87	JK (-)				2	Ж	2209
	0518 0519	4 >(Ф)	1281°		RADICAL 95 £			RADICAL 102	’ ffl
ж	0520	8 &(g)	2225°	0		1256	0	ЕВ	1925
it	0521	13 ®	1611	6	ж	1343		Ф	2169
13 Ж $	0533	RADICAL	88 5£	RADICAL 96		IE (5)		Ф	2186
	0534							Й	2181
ж	0535	о	1248	0	5	2166	2	ВТ	0756
it 14 Ж	0536 0542	RADICAL 89 й.		3	Е ft	2145 0561	3	Я Я	1613 1904
Ж	0543	7 Й	2228	5		0613	4	да	0611
15 Йт	0544	ю W	2230			0614			1632
16 Ж	0545 RADICAL 86 'к (-")		RADICAL 0 Л-	91 П* 2158	6 7	ЙЕ ft Я	0642 0643 0657	5	ж й пвЕ шт	0983 1329 0781
0 !к	2159	4 Ж	0585		ft	0658			1646
21к *Т	1892 0552	RADICAL 93	(£)		Я а	0659 0660	6	й и&	1651 0793
3 ik	1400	о Т	2151		ж	0661	7		1761
4 Й	1568	4 ft	0586	8		0682		*	1659
Я3	0583	to	0587			1778	8	S(®)	1378°
%.	0584	5 tt	0612		#	0683		RADICAL 103	
5 ^[RAD.87]	2225°	6 #	0641	9	ад	0702			> ТЕ
Ж	1445	13 Ш	0746		IS	0703	7	Й	0799
Ж [RAD.203] 6	1322° 1698	RADICAL 94		10	я	0704 0725	9		1050
8 &Е	1351	о Й	2160		ig	0726		RADICAL 104 Г	
	1782	2 ffl	0146		й	0727	4	Й	2058
&	0681	3	0204	13	ж	0747	5	й	2059
Ш	1771	4 Е	0202	14	ж	1854		ж	2060
28	1779	6 JS	0293					ж	2061
RADICAL INDEX
974
б
RAD. 118
7 ЙО	2062 2063	ffl	1583 0609	RADICAL 113	ЛЧ ($)	11 ffl ffl	0834 0835
fi	2064	5 BK	0782	0 fi	1229	13 ffl	0843
fi	2065	Д	1337	1 ffl	0547	ffl	0844
8 Й	2066	6 0$	0794	3 ffl	0562		
12 fi	2067	№	0795	4 iff	0588	RADICAL 116 7X	
13 fi	2069	BS	0796	ffl	0589	о 7k	1366
Ж	2070	8 Й	0812	5 W	0615	2 й	1398
		№	0813	Ы	0616	3 Й	1418
RADICAL 105	/4	w	1789	ffl	0617	%	1421
4 %	1634	12 Bi	0836	ffl	0618	4	1441
7 S	1661		0837	6 Ж	1713	6 S	1470
		13 Й	0841	Ж	1715	;g	1476
RADICAL 106	й						
				Ттг	0644	10 Я	1525
о Й	2175	RADICAL 110		8 Ж	1788	n	1528
i В	1279	0 ?	1266	s	0684		
з Й	0767			9 fw	0705	RADICAL 1	17 XL
4 Й	1581	RADICAL 11		ffl	0706	o Sl	1257
Ё|	1635	0	1267	ffl	0707	5 Й(Й)	1436°
6 ж	1653	з Я	0768	w	0708	6 ж	1342
7 Й	0800	5 Ш	0783			7 Й	1348
		7 Ш	0801	RADICAL 115 Ж			0808
RADICAL 107		12 ®	0838	2 &	0758	9 W	0826
0 ft	1923			%	1616	15 Ж	1200
		RADICAL 112 a		4 &			
RADICAL 108 UR					0774		
		о S	1884		0775	6 STROKES	
о ЛП.	2164	4 W	0771	ffl	0776		
4 £	1317		0772	5 ffl	0786	RADICAL 118	(^)
5	1468		0773	ffl	0787		
6	1717	5 ffi	0784	Ж	1649	о fT	0168
Й	1714	ffi	0785	w	0788	4 £	1692
8 sa	1787	7 ffi	0802	ffl	0789	5 fi	1706
9 ^.(38)	1932°	ffi	0803	6 ffl	0798		1707
10 38-	1824	ffi	0804	7 ffl	0805	fi	1708
g	1825	8 #	1734	ffl	0806	fi	1709
		9 S	1815	ffl	0807	fi	1710
RADICAL 109		ffi	0820	8 ffl	0814	6 fi	1718
0 §	1927		0821	ffl	0815	fi	1719
з В	1862	rii	0822	ffl	0816	Ж	1720
w	1298	10 ffi	0830	9 ffi	1186	fi	1721
4 Ж	2050	ii S	2033	в	0823	fi	1722
W [RAD.13]	1576°	12 ffi	0839	ffl	0824	fi	1723
Jf	1907	ffi	0840	10 Й	0831	7 fi	1729
w	2051	13 ffi	0842	ffl	0832	8 ®	1735
Ж [RAD.120]	1687°			ffl	0833		1736
975
RADICAL INDEX
RAD. 119
б
ff	1737	/КГ	0901	12 Й	1542		
9 №	1740	te	0902		0958	RADICAL 128 Д	
	1741	te	0903		0959	0 5	2190
10 SI	1743	&	0904	13 te	0961	з ДР	0862
В	1744	6	0910			7 fi	1812
12 ®	1746	ft)	0911	RADICAL 121 й		8 М	2097
13 Ж	1748	te	0912	0 U&	1282	В	0938
14 №	1750		0913	RADICAL 122 8 В	R (гт) 1671	и в	0956
RADICAL 119 Ж		te te	0914 0915			жю 12 Ж	1393° 0960
0 Ж	2198	ж	1728	S	1672		
4©	0869	tit	0916	р	1673	RADICAL 129 Ж	
	0871	te	0917	9 Й	1675	5 Ж	2227
5 й	0893	7 &	0919	10 В	1676	8 «	1791
Й	0894	ЗЯ	0920	14 Ж	1679		
fi	0895	ЗЙ	0921			RADICAL 130 |*1 (Я)	
6 tt	0909	8 Й	0925	RADICAL 123 ф		о Й	2042
8 Й	0924		0926	0 ¥	1383	2 ЯЛ.	0553
10 ffit	0948		0927	3 Й	1451	3 ff	0563
12»	0957	Я	0928	6«	2086	Й	1399
RADICAL 120 &		ft)	0929 0930	7 Й	1514 1037	4 ЯЙ ЯЕ	0590 0592
0 jfe	1379		0931				1295
1	1236	й	0932	RADICAL 124			1238
3 Ж	0856	&	0934	0 ЛЛ	0167		1567
tt	0857	te	0933	4	1335	К	0594
	0858		0935	5 S	1711	5 ЯФ	0619
$	0859	В	0936	э	1712		1641
ft)	0860	ft)	0937	6 я	0918	на	0620
4 №	0872	9 »	0940	8 Ж	1738	W	1631
$	0873	te	0941	11 ж	1745	ж	0008
te	0874	ж	0942	12»	1219	яа	0621
&	0875	ФЙ	0943	14 Й	0962	яа	0622
$ te	0876 0877	ж te	1816 0944	RADICAL 125	£ (^)	б Яй й	0646 0647
	0878	S5	0945	0 £	2040		1336
Ж	1587	ю М	0949	2 #	2039	ЯЙ	0648
»	0879	Ж	1826	4 <	2047	№	0888
Ж 5 ft	1590 0896	te	0950 0951	RADICAL 126 ffil		яв 7 ЯЙ	0649 0663
&	0897	Ж	0952	3 Й	0861	W	0664
te ffi	0898 0899	Ж(&) и Й	1687° 0953	RADICAL 127		Яй	0665 0104
Ж	1652		0954	4 $	0880	8 Яё	0685
ЯП ФШ	0900	te	0955		0881	Ж	2022
RADICAL INDEX
976
6
RAD. 146
	№	0687	RADICAL 138 В			Л(Ж) ль*	1865°
9	US	0709				ж	1494
	M	0710	1 д	2216		&	1495
	ng	0711	RADICAL 139				1496
10		0728					1497
11	w	2056	о -S	1280	10	s	1506
12	w	0741	13 86	1222			1507
15	и	0753	RADICAL 140 W (*)			i	1508 1511
	RADICAL 131		1				
			з Л	1380		>	1512
0	g	1948	¥	1381			1513
11		1083	4 5	1402	11	ж	1523
				1403	12	ж	1529
	RAD CAL 132 S		* r-			-f-tc	
			-ft	1404		Йе	1530
0	3	2195		1405	13	я	1534
3		1682	к	1406		ж	1535
			5 >	1425		gg	1536
	RAD CAL 133 яе		-F+*				
			Ш	1426			1537
0		1382	ж	1427		Wr	1538
4		0883	ж	1428		ж	1539
8	n(SE)	1265°		1429	15		1541
			s	1430		£	1543
	RADICAL 134 H						
				1431			1544
6	ЗД)	2138°	s	1432	16 n		1545
9	Я	1852		1433		ж	1546
12	IB (Ж)	0005°		1434		RADICAL 141 Iе	
	RADICAL 135 S		De	1435			
			6	1446	2	Я	2048
0		1384	Ж	1447	3	л	2049
2		1305°		1448	5		2053
9		1142°	a	1449		ЙЦШ)	1918°
	RADICAL 136		$ -THt	1450	7	,-Еа.	1361°
			7 ?nf	1464		ж	2054
6		1607		1465		л	2055
8		1358		1466			
						RADICAL 142 Ш	
	RADICAL 137 &		-Mr	1467		r+t	
			8 <	1480	0	ш	2199
0		2203	ВД	1481	3	Й£	0863
4	йги Ж.	0884	Ж	1482	4	К	0886
	Ия	0885		1483		Ж	1589
5	№	0905	Й	1484	5	й	0907
		0906	к	1485			1658
7		0923		1486	6	ж	1347
15	£	0963	ж	1487	9		0946
			9 Ц	1493	10		1190
	RADICAL 143 141	
0	Ж	2196
6	%	1724
	RADICAL 144 fr	
0	fr	0157
5	is	0350
6	Й	0421
9		0509
10 Ж		0526
	Ж	0527
RADICAL 145 Д (*)		
0	*	1270
3	St	1572
4	ж	1643
	ft	0777
	ж	1333
5		0790
		1654
	£	1655
6		1727
		2076
	g	1725
7	ж	0809
	ж	1354
	g	1762
	ж	0810
8		0818
		0819
		1792
9	ж	0827
	ж	1356
13		0845
16	»	1856
	RADICAL 146	
0	в	2193
3	в	1683
12	ж	1747
13	п	1749
977
RADICAL INDEX
RAD. 147
7
				aS	1025		RADICAL 151		11		1084
				=¥				у7_			
	7 STROKES			IS	1026		s			RADICAL 155	
					1027	0		1235			
	RADICAL 147 Я			*	1608	6	g	1732	0		1389
			7		1038		RADICAL 152		4		0993
0	Я	1615		te	1039						
4		0667		sH. ПД	1040	4	Ж	0666		RADICAL 156	
		0662		W	1041	5		1350	0	7Ё	1390
5		1668		£g	1764	7		1355	2	й	2078
9	жЯ	1172		E	1042	9		1253°	3		2079
10	к	1827			1043					й	2080
11	ж	1212		te	1044		RADICAL 154 Я		5	jg	2084
	RADICAL 148 Й		8	te	1051	0	я	1614		а	2085
				te	1052	2	я	1327	8	й	2087
0	я	1293		te	1053		д	1321		RADICAL 157	
6	№	1017		IB	1054	3	м	1463			
		1018		fi	1055		te	0978	0	Я	1386
	RADICAL 149 M			в	1056	4	JR	0992	5	Е	1013
				ff	1057		Я	1344	6		1030
0	i=t	1233		пИ	1058		Ж	1594		S&	1031
2	1+	0965		Й	1059		ж	1593		Й	1032
	ВТ	0966		M	1060		ж	1595		й	1033
3	IB	0974		I#	1061	5	и	1662	7	Bi	1045
	su	0975		й	1062		ж	1665	8	К	1066
	к	0976	9	tt	1069		g?	1012	14	S	1091
	W	0977		te	1070		ж	1663			
4	te	0985		BS	1071		ж	1670		RADICAL 158	
	w	0986		Вот	1072		ж	1669	0		2213
	te: te	0987 0988	10	Й S	1076 1077		Ж(Ж) я	2038° 1664		RADICAL 159 Ж	
	ff	0989		1#	1078	6	ж	1730	0	Ж	2212
5	IT	1004		И	1079		ж	1731	2	ж	1318
	ff	1005		Й	0748		и	1028		«1	0968
	te	1006	12	te	1085			1029	3	ff	0980
	gnj	1007		s	1847	8	IS	1063	4		0994
	0^	1008		a®	1086		Й(И)	1391°		к	0995
	IS	1009	13	в	1087		к	1064	5	W	1014
	BE	1010		SI	1088		ж	1524		в	1015
	Sf	1011		Й	1089		ж	1797	6	к	1034
6	te	1019	16	Ж(®)	1311°		й	1065		ш	2077
		1020					ж	1796	7	м	1046
	ПЯ	1021		RADICAL 150			ж	1677	8	W	1795
	te	1022	0 S		1290	9	R	1817		W	0947
	ВЙ	1023						1075			1067
	Й	1024				10	ВЙ	1080	9	Ш5	1074
RADICAL INDEX
978
8
RAD. 170
10 ffi RADICAL 16C		1081 ¥	ffl ffl it		2003 2004 2005	7	В в	1048 1047 1049	9 & 10 ffl ffl		1152 1154 1155
0	¥	1287		il	2006	8		1068		ffl	1156
6		0922		a	2007	10	и	1082	11	ffl	1157
	RADICAL 161			ffi	2008	11	Е(®	1902°	12	ffl	1159
			10	is	2013	13	Й	1090	15		1160
0	g	1901		я	2014						
3	9	1751		л	2015		RADICAL 165			RADICAL 168 Д	
6	A	1733	11	it	2018	4	&	0997	0	ft	1626
				if	2019						
RADICAL 162 /£(!_)				Й	2020		RADICAL 166 Ж			RADICAL 169 П	
2	И	1916	12	it	2023	0	ж	2206	0	Pl	0597
	Ж	1917		ffi	2024	2	ж	2223	3	и	2090
3	ffl	1929		ffi	2025	4		0998	4	и	2092
4	iffl	1939		Й	2026	5	S	1598			2093
	ffi	1940		ffi	2027					Pel	2094
	ffi	1941	13	ffi	2031		8 STROKES		6	й	2096
5	ifi	1953		Ж	2032					м	2098
	iS ifi	1954 1955	RADICAL 163		Е ( R)		RADICAL 167		7	й №	2099 2101
	Й	1956	0	E	1388	0		1302	10	И [RAD.191]	2102°
6	ffi	1966	4		0566	2	й-	1092			
	Ж	1967		ЯВ	0564	3	й	1098	RADICAL 170 Ж (p)		
	ffl	1968	5	ж	0766	4	м	1108	4	ffl	0203
	ffl	1969		Й	0770	5	й	1122	5	и	0256
	Я	1970	6	ш	0866		&	1123		ffl	0257
	ffl	1971			0864			1124		И	0258
7	ж	1975		ЙВ	0867		£т!	1125	6	I®	0296
	ffl	1976	7	ж	0984			1126	7	К	0330
	ж	1977	8	ЙВ	1099	6	Я	1132		&	0331
	ffl	1978		й	1100		ffl	1133		ffl	0332
	iffi	1979		я	0403			1134		ffl	0333
	ffl	1980		й	1106			1135		ffl	0334
	ffl	1981			1107		ffl	1136		ffl	0335
	я	1982						1137	8	ffl	0395
	ffl	1983		RADICAL 164 @		7	№	1139		ffl	0396
8	я	1990	0	в	2207		ffl	1140		в	0397
	ffl	1991	3	йй	0981	8	ffl	1143		ffl	0398
	ffl	1992		Й	0982		ffl	1144		ffl	0399
	ж	1993		й	0328		ffl	1145		ffl	0400
9	Й	1999	4	Й	0996		ffl	1146		ffl	0401
	ffi	2000	5	Й	1016		ffl	1147		ffl	0402
	ffl	2001	6		1035		ffl	1148	9	ffl	0450
	is	2002		am	1036			1149		ffl	0451
979
RADICAL INDEX
RAD. 171
8
	& и №	0452 0453 0454	6	RADICAL 17'	1138	RADICAL 183 Ж			0	RADICAL 189 rWj	
						0	Ж	2222		|RJ	1330
10 11	к	0480 0502	0		0598	RADICAL 184		XI)		RADICAL 190 Й	
	&	0503		9 STROKES		0	ft	1316	4	St	1821
	в руд	0504				2	м Ляг	1093		RADICAL 191	Г1
13	№	0538		RADICAL 176 ®		4		1110			
	RADICAL 171	Ж	0	в	1324	5	it	1111 1127	10	НОЯ)	2102‘
							ж			RADICAL 194 Ж	
8		1151		RADICAL 177 Ж				1128			
	RADICAL 172 Ш		0	ft	1582	6	tfji	1129 1531	0 4	ж fi	1702 2095
2	ft	1765	4		1165	7	til	1141		$	0729
	ft	1766	8		1173	8		1150	5		2100
4	Я ж	1241 1772		RADICAL 180#			RADICAL 185 W		11	ж	2035
	ж	0688	0		1312	0	ft	1452		11 STROKES	
5	ж	0811	10 вЖ		1178						
6	tt	0724	11	w	1840		RADICAL 186 >			RADICAL 195	
		0939		RADICAL 181	Ж	0		1637		Й	
10		1196				11		1841	0		1345
	1№	1195	2	И	0108				5	AS	1209
	Ж(®	0013°	3	ж	0009		10 STROKES		6	ft	1210
		1197			0415				7	18	1211
				я	0419				8		1213
	RADICAL 173 ЙШ		4	ж	0712		RADICAL 187				1214
0 3	ж •	2218 1767		ж ж	0714 0715	0 4	ж It	2073 1183		RADICAL 196 Ж	
4	ft	1773		я	0713		ж	1184	0	Я	2083
	ж	1774	5	я	0828		IK	1185	2	AS	0120
5	ж	1784	7	ж	1073	5	Й	1188	3	M	1914
	®	1785	8	ж	1153		ж	1189		nft	0481
	*	1786	9	SI	2103	7	й	1191	8	Ж	0752
6	ж	1790		ж	1174	8	ж	1192			1158
7	£	1793		я	1177		ж	1193	10		1201
	ft	1794		ж	1175		в	1194	13	ж	2036
9	Я	1800		я	1176	10	к	0755		RADICAL 197 ГЙ	
	Я	1801	10 Ж		1199	12	ж	1848			
11 ft 13 ft		1802	12	ж	1220		RADICAL 188 #		14	Ж(Й)	0456‘
		1803		RADICAL 182 Ж			,гн.	1699		RADICAL 198 Й	
						0	W				
	RADICAL 174 W		0	ж	1908	9	й	1198	0	Й	1996
0	ш	1573	5	а	0825	13	#(»)	0052°	8	Й	1359
5	эд	0817							13	№	1215
RADICAL INDEX
980
16
RAD. 213
RADICAL 199
О Й	1559
RADICAL 200 Й
0 ft	1995
7 Й	2034
12 STROKES
RADICAL 201 Й
0 ft	1596
RADICAL 202
3	1799
RADICAL 203 Ж
0 Ж	1754
4	1833
5 Ж	1678
1322°
8 3£(Ж)	1647°
13 STROKES
RADICAL 207 ®
0 Й	1168
14 STROKES
RADICAL 209 Ж
0 Д	1739
RADICAL 210	(Й2)
0 W	1299
3 Ж	1340
15 STROKES
RADICAL 211 Й (Й)
0 ЙГ	1603
5 Йр	1218
16 STROKES
RADICAL 212 Й
0 Ж	1332
RADICAL 213 £
0 Ж	1346
981
RADICAL INDEX
HOW TO USE THE PATTERN INDEX
The key to using this dictionary effectively is the Pattern Index, which allows you to quickly
locate a character from its SKIP pattern.
Incorrect locations are indicated by the superscript symbols p, s, and ps, and are followed by
cross-references to the correct locations (see §2.6 on p. 880 for details). The order of entries is
exactly the same as that of the entry characters in the body of the dictionary (see §2.5 on p. 879).
Detailed instructions for using the Pattern Index are given in §3.2 on p. 883 and §3.3 on p. 884.
The gist of the method is as follows:
1.	Determine the SKIP number of your character.
2.	Determine the entry number by locating your character in the Pattern Index. Use the sub-
section guides and subgroup guides.
3.	Locate your character entry from the entry number.
Pattern Index
				1	hi lirlo -					]2
z.—и				I. rdllcill yUIUc	—			
1-6	-§	[1233]- M	1234 S,	1235 X	1236 g	1556p 1616p 1-7	1237 '	1616₽s Й	221911 =>H5- А Я 4- 1-8	2223p IjF	1637p 1-9	“Я	1239 1-11	1240	—t		2. Entry number 3. Entry character	 	A				"а	1288 -Щ1	1289 1290	
			*r. OUDbtzvlIUll			-	1291		
			Э. jUDScCIIOn guide			> 44 + NJ	NJ —» \O UJ NJ NJ		
					E3		EPjJ	1295 J	1296 1297 Ж	1298 1299 2^	1300 1301 /4^	1302	
	3₽ -4₽ h	h	—	6.	Subgroup	 7.	Subgroup element — 8.	Subgroup guide	 —9. Incorrect location 10. Cross-reference 1. Single-character 	2. Group of two or more characters				
PATTERN INDEX
982
Pattern Index Elements and Guides
1. Pattern guide	A guide in the upper, outer corner of a page that indicates the pattern and pattern number for that page.
2. Entry number	A number that uniquely identifies the entry characters of the dic- tionary. After locating the entry number in the index, turn the pages until you find the corresponding entry character.
3. Entry character	The character that heads an index entry.
4. Subsection	A subdivision of the Pattern Index. The subsections are arranged in ascending order of their subsection numbers.
5. Subsection guide	1. Boldface numerals in the upper corner of a page that indicate the subsection number for that page. The upper-right guide (on a left page) indicates the subsection number for the first subsec- tion, while the upper-left guide (on a right page) indicates the subsection number for the last subsection in that page. To- gether they indicate the subsection number range for both pages. 2. Red hyphenated numerals in the left part of a column that indicate the subsection number for each subsection. Scanning through the subsection guides enables you to quickly locate the subsection number corresponding to your character.
6. Subgroup	A subdivision of a subsection in which a group of divisible charac- ters share a common subgroup element.
7. Subgroup element	The shared element of a subgroup, which corresponds to the shaded part of a divisible character.
8. Subgroup guide	A guide to the left of the character column that indicates the sub- group element for each subgroup. Scanning through the subgroup guides enables you to locate quickly the one corresponding to the shaded part of your character.
9. Incorrect location	Location where a character might be mistakenly looked for: p	incorrect pattern classification s	incorrect stroke-count ps	incorrect pattern classification and incorrect stroke-count
10. Cross-reference entry	An entry appearing at an incorrect location with a cross-reference to the corresponding correct location. These are of two kinds: 1. Cross-reference for a single character. 2. Cross-references for a group of two or more characters.
983
PATTERN INDEX
PATTERN INDEX
¥ S SB 31
	 E 	 LEFT-RIGHT			1-15 1-16 1-17	‘ йШеК=>ВЗ-13₽		I5 № •J ft 2-5 { {g	0038 0203s 0039 0040
				ш ' № - Я	=>E4-12P =>C4-13₽ 0750p		
1-2	) Jll	0001	1-18	*Й1	0751p	ft	0041
	/h	0002	2-1	?7L	0131s	Ii	0042
1-3	> x	2163₽	2-2	ЧА	0010	ft	0043
		0003		ft	0011	ft	0044
	- jL?	0004		ft	0012	ft	0045
	X	215<?			0013		0046
1-4	i IB	0005		к ft	0014	{£	0047
	-	0006		•tW	0015		0048
1-5	, ft	0158₽		/ХУ	0016	ft	0049
		0039₽		J JR	0017	ft	0050
	IT	0552₽	2-3	< ft	0018	ft	0051
1-6	IIE	1617₽		ft	0019	ft	0052
		0007s		Illi	0020	{И	0053
	- Ш	0182₽			0021		0054
1-7	7	0007		ft	0022	I	0055
		=»Е4-4₽		л jn	0023	75F	0056
1-8	|4jf?etc=^E3-5₽ ) IL 0008			> ft	0024 0025	It In	0057 0058
	‘ Iffl	061V	2-4	< ft	0026	J ж	0263s
	J[w|§etc=^E3-6p			ft	0027	₽ |®|5^etc=>n3-5s	
1-9	 Ж	0098р		ft	0028	i,	1617p
	'|'Й'1ие1с=>1]3-7₽			к	0029	2-6	{	0059
1-10	‘ '|^'|^etc=^C3-8₽				0030	{#	0060
1-11	> Ж	0009			0031	ft	0061
	"Ж	0681₽		ft	0032		0062
	Ю^ЕЗ-Э”			ft	0033	ft	0063
1-12	-	=4>Е4-9₽		ft	0034		0064
		=4>ЕЗ-10р		ft	0035	ft	0065
1-13	' |Ж'1з!е«с=>иЗ-11₽			ft	0036		0066
1-14	"Ю	=4>БЗ-12₽		ft	0037	ft	0067
PATTERN INDEX
984
El
0068	|iz^etc=>C3-8S	3-1 ? 7L 0131
0069	) ijflf 0098	Л&]	0132
t Ш 0070	2-9 < {^	0099	5 51	0133
f Ш	0263s	fpl 0100	3-2 И Of	0134
I! ₽g	0296s	Ш 0101	0135
f	0071	Ш 0102	i fit 0136
0072	{©	0103	0155s
Ш 0073	{If 0104	I Pj	0137
0074	{HU 0105	0138
{=	0075	(Й owe	T^-lJ 0139
0076	0107	0140
0077	P Йз P^etc=»E3-9s	5 <jA 0141
{/g	0078	T]J( 0108	t f]"	0142
0079	2-10 1	0109	M 0143
I	0305s	0110	-7	0144
P |ЙЖе1с^ЕЗ-75	0111	fj" 0145
1 {§	0080	t f# 0112	5	0146
<	0081	P	0480s	i bt 0014s
0082	2-11 1 M 0113	P	0025₽
Ж 0083	(tj 0114	J	0147
{|s	0084	{Й 0115	1| IR	0017s
Ш 0085	Ш 0116	9 JJP 0148
0086	{S 0117	E	0554s
{@	0087	Ш 0118	3-3 P Ш|	0149
0088	it 0119	0150
0089	P f^P^etc=>E3-11s	tb 0151
Й 0090	Л.ДЦ 0120	i Щ	0152
{g	0091	2-12 1	0121	4 $3,	0153
0092	Ж 0122	0154
{g|	0093	Ж 0123	0155
0094	2-13 1 Ш 0124	I 15	0137s
jg 0100s	Ш 0125	ффЯ 0156
{gJ	0102s	7	0126	0157
7 $£	0095	Р Щ	0538s	+ {t 0158
0096	2-14 1 Ш	0127	J	0159
?Ж 0097	7	0128	7 ftlj 0160
P	0450s	2-15 1 {Ц	0129	fl1 0161
Й 0454s	0130	У~Г	0162
985
PATTERN INDEX
El					3-
	0163		0197	ffi	0234
	0164	A	0198	UH	0235
Ц±	0165		0199	ffi	0236
	0166		0200	ffi	0237
	0167	n	0201	ffi	0238
fit	0168	ft	0163s	ffi	0239
3-4 P iff	0169	1 ffi	0202		0240
ft	0170		0203		0241
	0150s	4 ft	0204		0242
t Й	0171	3-5 P Iff	0205		0243
i£	0172	5k	0206	w	0244
	0173	iff	0207		0245
	0174		0208	й	0246
*	0175	й	0209	Ж	0247
	0176	ffi	0210		0248
Й	0177	№	0211		0249
W	0210s	ii iff	0212		0250
* К	0178		0213	M	0251
	0179		0214	U	0252
	0180	&	0215	nt	0253
	0181	ffi	0216	ffi	0254
t ft	0182	fi	0217		0255
	0183	ffi	0218	IS П	0256
	0184	tffi	0219	IW	0257
tJ	0185	ffi	0220	ffi	0258
IE	0186	ft	0221	3-6 P [ft	0259
fit	0187	tt	0222	i #3	0260
ffi	0188	»й	0223		0261
ffi	0189		0224	«ад	0262
Й*	0190	ffi	0225		0263
ffi	0191		0226	* Й	0264
&	0192	ja	0227	|llr	0265
ffi	0193	&	0228		0266
ffi	0231s	ffi	0229		0267
ffi	0159s	ffi	0230		0268
	0194	ffi	0231		0269
it	0195	Ш	0232	tW	0270
№	0196		0233	te	0271
PATTERN INDEX
986
ni
	0272		0309		0341
	0273		0310		0342
1#	0274		0311		0343
	0275	ж	0312		0344
Й	0276	I и	0313	ж	0301s
ft	0277	w	0314	* Й	0345
ж	0278		0357s		0346
to	0279	* ft	0315		0347
	0280		0316		0348
	0281		0317	&	0349
&	0282	ж	0318	ft?	0350
	0283	&	0274s		0351
w	0284	ft?	0319	t ж	0352
	0285	&	0320	W	0353
&	0286	ft	0321		0354
M	0287		0322	ts	0355
&	0288		0323		0356
	0289		0324	f?	0357
	0290		0325	*18	0358
	0291	Ж	0326		0359
?¥	0292		0327	s	0360
?¥	0319s	Й	0328		0361
5ft	0293		0329	ж	0362
ft	0294	ж	0378s		0363
ft	0295		0393s		0364
15 ₽.g	0296	15®	0330	ж	0365
7 n ИД	0297	1^	0331	18	0366
u£	0298	IW	0332	ft	0367
	0299		0333	s	0368
i tg	0300		0334		0369
	0301	r	0335		0370
	0302	5 ft	0336	I	0371
	0303	I	=>Ш2-8Р		0372
ж	0304		0403s		0373
	0305	3-8 P ll§	0337		0374
Hi |li|E	0306	Ui	0338		0375
Illg	0307	nt	0339		0376
	0308	tig	0340		0377
987
PATTERN INDEX
DI		3-S			
&	0378		0411	Ж	0448
	0379		0412	5 ж	0449
Ж	0380	№.	0413	р pg	0450
	0381	№	0414	Rt	0451
	0382		0009^	№	0452
	0383	ill	0415	№	0453
	0384	Ф|Д	0416	й	0454
	0385	te	0417	з-ю о ВЦ	0455
	0386	5 Ж	0418	* ж	0456
	0387		0419		0457
ж	0388		0420		0458
ж	0389	S	0421		0459
ш	0390	ад	0422		0460
ж	0445s		0423		0461
	0391	tffi	0424		0462
	0392	'Ьй	0425	1Ж	0463
	0393		0426		0464
ж	0394	i ®	0427		0465
ppg	0395	S	0428		0466
5	0396		0429		0467
	0397	W	0430	ж	0468
	0398	й	0431	йй!	0724s
й	0399	ж	0432	t ж	0469
	0400	ш	0433		0470
р^	0401		0434		0471
1^	0402	г ж	0435		0472
к	0450s	м	0436		0473
й	0454s		0437	м	0474
Hfff	0104₽	ж	0438		0475
<	1755р	ж	0439	ж	0476
/й	0403	ж	0440	ж	0477
3-9 П П$1	0404	ypjjj	0441		0478
1^	0405	ж	0442		0479
i ®	0406	i®	0443	15 ₽Й	0480
	0407	да	0444	з-11 р пД	0481
ж	0408		0445	i	0482
ж	0409	№	0446		0483
	0410		0447		0484
PATTERN INDEX
988
El
	0485			0521	4-3	0556
	0486	3-13	t л	0522	♦ &	0557
+n	0487		ж	0523		0558
ft	0488		й	0524	l±	0559
ft	0489			0525		0560
	0490			0526		0550s
	0465s		ж	0527		0561
7 III	0491		+ ft	0528	1 Я	0562
ft	0492		в	0529	iff	0563
J®	0493		ж	0530	Я Ж	0564
ft	0494			0531	яЖ	0565
ж	0495			0532		0566
?Й	0496			0533		0567
й	0497		Ж	0534	4-4 Я ЯЛ	0568
Ж	0498		ft	0535		0569
w	0499		Ж	0536		0570
ж	0500			0537		0571
?м	0520s			0538	вВД	0572
5 ЗЙ	0501	3-14	в ш	0539	01	0573
	0502		* ш	0540		0574
	0503		ж	0541	Ж	0575
й	0504			0542		0576
12 Р 1Ч|	0505		ж	0543		0577
й	0506		ж	0544s		0578
i jj|	0507	3-15		0544		0579
	0508	3-16		0545		0580
	0509	4-1	t я	0546	ж	0581
ш	0510		? IL	0547		0582
1' -If	0511	4-2	♦ #	0548	*	0583
	0512		а	0549		0584
* 81	0513		я	0550	Я як	0585
	0514		3^|J	0551	* як	0586
ffifc	0515			0552		0587
'/Ж	0516		Я ЯЛ	0553		0588
	0517		я Ж	0564s	й	0589
гй	0518			0554		0590
Ж	0519		я ЛО	0555	ЙН	0591
Ш	0520			0566s	ЙЕ	0592
989
PATTERN INDEX
ЭД	0593		0631	4-8	вВ%	0668
к	0594	ft	0632		ЙЕ	0669
IX	0595		0633		0#	0670
	0596	ft	0634		1 ft	0671
r PI	0597		0635		ffl	0672
	0598	ж	0636		ft	0673
4-5	0599	ft	0637		ft	0674
аЙ	0600		0638			0675
fft	0601		0639		ft	0676
	0602		0640		ft	0677
t ft	0603		0641		ft	0678
ft	0604	sffi	0642		ft	0679
ts	0605		0643		ffi	0695s
ft	0606		0644		ft	0698s
w	0607		0645			0680
	0608	ж	0646			0681
ft	0609	Й	0647			0682
ft	0610	Ж	0648			0683
* ж	0611		0649		-? "ft	0684
*ft	0612	4-7	0650		Я ffi	0685
I	0613	ж	0651		в	0686
	0614	* to	0652			0687
*ft	0615	tl^	0653			0688
1Я	0616	w	0654	4-9	a Ilf	0689
ft.	0617	ft	0655		01	0690
ts	0618	ft	0656		Bg	0691
ЯЙФ	0619		0657		ИЖ	0692
IS	0620		0658		ift	0693
ЯЗ	0621	Д	0659		Ш	0694
m	0622		0660		Й	0695
*эд	0623	3^	0661		ft	0696
4-6	0624	5 Й	0799s			0697
в Й	0625	* ftl	0662		w	0698
♦ Ш	0626	я!Й	0663		Ш	0699
ft	0627	ж	0664			0700
	0628	Ж	0665			0701
^e|b	0629	В	0666			0702
ft	0630	*£й	0667		1Ш	0703
PATTERN INDEX
990
8
DI
	0704	я^	0741		0775
* Is	0705	4-13 В ЩЦ	0742		0776
	0706	♦ Ш	0743		0777
	0707		0744		0778
w	0708		0745	IE®	0779
я Ш	0709		0746		0780
HI	0710		0747	5-5 И	0781
	0711	я ЙИ	0748	a®	0782
	0712	4-14 В ВЦ	0749	* Ж	0783
	0713	**8	0750		0784
	0714	яВ	0753s		0785
Ml	0715	4-15 *	0751	f &	0786
10	0716	яЖ	0752	№	0787
♦ ш	0717		0753		0788
ш	0718	4-16 ♦ Ли	0754		0789
	0719	я Ж	0755	* M	0790
	0720	5-2	0766s	E §£	0791
W	0721	шВТ	0756		0792
	0722	* ЭД	0757	5-6	0793
S	0723	&	0758		0794
it ж	0724	* W	0759	№	0795
	0725	Я ЭД	0760	0Й	0796
ж	0726	*£Р	0761		0797
ж	0727		0770s		0798
яЖ	0728		0762	5-7 i M	0799
zs^	0729	В №	0763	sfig	0800
	0730		0764		0801
	0731	*ЭД	0765	5 Jgl	0802
ш	0732	5-3 JfjJP	0766	a	0803
	0733	аЭД	0767	ж	0804
1W	0734		0768		0805
	0725s	f ЭД	0769		0806
12 tj§	0735	S®	0770		0807
Ш	0736	5-4 £	0783s		0808
tffi	0737	« fijf	0771		0809
	0738	&	0772		0810
*ж	0739	&	0773	5-8	0811
ж	0740		0774	§	0812
991
PATTERN INDEX
DI
ffi	0813		0848	I ft'	0882
	0814	£$)	0849		0883
	0815	ЭД	0864s	я	0884
	0816		0850	ЙгС	0885
	0817	£ij	0851		0886
	0818		0852		0887
	0819	*ЭД	0866s	£b н йь	0888
ttiHt	0724ps	в В1!	0853	i	0889
5-9 5 -5$	0820	в ЭД	0867s	*5^	0890
	0821	а Й	0854		0891
ж	0822		0855		0892
* it	0823	6-3 * ffi	0856		10021
	0824	а:	0857	6-5	*	0893
* Ж	0825	Ж	0858	fe	0894
ж	0826		0859	ffi	0895
*ж	0827	ж	0860		0896
	0828		0861		0897
	0829	|ЭД	0862		0898
5-10 5 fig	0830	*Й	0863	ж	0899
*	0831	*ЭД	0864	ЙЙ	0900
Ж	0832		0865		0901
ж	0833	*эд	0866	ж	0902
5-11 ?Ж	0834	еЭД	0867		0903
ж	0835		0868	ffi	0904
5-12 g Щ	0836	6-4	0869	«ЙЙ	0905
	0837	ffi	0870		0906
* ш	0838	'№	0871	tifcg	0907
«а	0839		0872		0908
ж	0840		0873	6-6 I ffi	0909
5-13	0841		0874		0910
	0842	№	0875		0911
	0843		0876	ffi	0912
01	0844	ffi	0877		0913
	0845		0878	ffi	0914
6-1 s SL	0846	Ж	0879	ffi	0915
??L	0964s		0859s		0916
6-2 I ®	0847		0880		0917
О	0862s		0881		0918
PATTERN INDEX
992
El
	0923s	6-11	Hi	0953		0986
7 i	0919		ж	0954	fx	0987
	0920			0955		0988
	0921		। в	0956	8R	0989
	0922			1083s	s	0990
Я U	0923	6-12	* йв	0957	я flfc	0991
8 * Ц	0924		* ж	0958	IS	0992
	0925		ж	0959	*	0993
Ж	0926			0960	Hg	1013s
фяГ	0927	6-13	«в	0961		0994
	0928	6-14	«Ж	0963s	&	0995
ж	0929			0962	й й	0996
ж	0930	6-15	я Ж	0963		0997
ж	0931	7-1	ML	0964	s	0998
ж	0932	7-2	® йТ	0965		0999
	0933		ВТ	0966		1000
	0934		аШ	0967		1001
й	0935		МЛ	0968		1002
	0936			0969		1003
	0937			0970		1112s
»в	0938			0971	p Ц^С	1004
	0946s			0972	w	1005
йЖ	0724р		®^В	0984s		1006
	0939		«в	0973	IB1' 1111ГХ	1007
9 Я Ш	0940		МВ	1100s	p^-	1008
ш	0941	7-3	в рй	0974	Is	1009
ж	0942		ши	0975	niE	1010
	0943		В£	0976	pjf	1011
ж	0944		вТ	0977	ай?	1012
	0945		вМ	0978	Hg	1013
	0950s		МТ	0979		1014
	0946		*ЖР	0980		1015
*ж	0947		й @Й	0981	1ST	1016
-10 *Ц	0948		Ю	0982	7-6 Й	1017
*м	0949		в	0983	Si	1018
	0950		«SB	0984	§ пД	1019
й	0951		МВ	1100s	B&J	1020
ж	0952	7-4	в пё	0985	в	1021
993
PATTERN INDEX
Cl
7-:
fir	1022		1054	Ж	1089
	1023	1	1055	В®	1090
Й	1024	S?	1056	7-14 S {jg	1091
	1025	R%	1057	8-2 t	1092
	1026	ЙНН	1058	«in.	1093
0$	1027	В	1059	sgij	1094
	1062s	nH	1060	ggij	1095
П£	1028	й	1061		1099s
M	1029		1062		1100s
s	1030	ж	1069s	*$J	1096
&	1031		1039s	и И	1097
	1032		1044s		1106s
	1033	ng	1063	я®	1107s
	1034	M	1064	8-3	4	1098
b^	1035		1065		0653p
®H	1036		1066	8 R&	1099
В	1047s		1067		1100
	1037	sg|	1068		1101
7-7 I f%	1038	7-9 В Ш	1069		1102
Й	1039	g	1070		1103
ПП	1040	дМ	1071	«В	1104
W П'С?	1041	Iffij	1072	BW	1105
Й	1042	«Ж	1073		1106
	1043	* Йо	1074	Я®	1107
	1044		1075	8-4 t	1108
ЙТ	1056s	7-Ю В	1076		1109
W	1022s	Щ	1077		1165s
IM	1064s	m	1078	«Ж	1110
«Й	1045	ж	1079	№	1111
$ |*it	1046	яШ	1080		1112
й gi	1047	»й	1081		1113
BS	1048	В®|	1082		1114
	1049	7-11 ЕЙй	1083		1101s
w	1068s	яШ	1084		1115
	1050	7 17 = -iife /-I2 р О0	1085	* ж	1116
7-8 g pjn|	1051		1086		1117
ir&	1052	7-13 ||	1087	«ж	1118
	1053		1088	хЖ	1119
PATTERN INDEX
994
El
Ж < %	1120 1121	8-11		1157 0752₽		1193 1194
•5	1122			1158	»fit	1198s
	1123	8-12	i fit	1159		1195
	1124	8-14		1160s	M It	1196
ж	1125	8-15		1160	я!	1197
	1126	9-2	a glj	1161	Ю-9 tM	1198
«ts	1127			1162	я Ж	1199
	1128			1163	10-10^	1200
	1129		*$J	1164	10-11 «Ц	1201
	1130	9-4		1165	11-2 efft	1202
i m]	1131		* Й	1166	11-3	1203
•6 $ ^|g|	1132			1167	11-4	1204
$д	1133			1168		1205
ж	1134			1169	i	1206
ж	1135			1170		1207
	1136			1171		1208
	1137	9-7	»	1172	11-5	1209
HI	1138	9-8		1173	n-6 ijB	1210
•7 «й	1139	9-9		1174	11-7 HS	1211
	1140			1175		1212
t®	1141		* Й	1176	в Bl	2102p
пЙ	1142			1177	11-8 ИЯ	1213
8	1143	9-10		1178		1214
Ж	1144	10-2		1179		1195s
	1145		st)	1180	11-13Й1Й1	1215
Ж	1146		НЛ	1181	I2"3	1216
	1147		«в	1182	12-4	1217
	1148	10-4		1183	12-5	1218
	1149		ж	1184	12-6	1219
¥ W	1173s		ж	1185	12-9 Bg	1220
«it	1150			1186	13-2	1221
	1151		«ж	1187	13-6	1222
9 J |g	1152	10-5	S Si	1188	14-2	1223
Ф/Щ	1153		I")	1189		
io e $Й	1154	10-6	* si	1190		
^~Ц	1155	10-7		1191		
ж	1156	10-8	«Ж	1192		
995
PATTERN INDEX
Н2
			-2.		1228₽s	lb	1276
	 m			2-2		1242		1277
	UP-DOWN			Ж	1243		1383р
					1244		1260s
1-1	—-	1224			1245	t e	1278
1-2	—-	1225			1246		1279
		1228s			1247		1280
1-3	-7t	1226			1248	4^	1281
	Я	1227			1249		2041р
	'Ъ.	1228		"7l	1250		1282
		2152p		+Ж	1251		1283
		2155p		bjt	1252		1284
1-4	-ZjN	1229		V	1253	ж	2037р
		1230			1254	2-5	1285
		1231			1255		1286
1-5	-в.	1232			1228p	5	1287
		1384p	2-3		1256		1296s
1-6	jb	1233		I. \L	1257		1288
		1234		rfr	1258	£	1289
	l=f	1235		74 tj*	1259		1290
		1236			1260		1291
		1556p			1261	+ JS	1292
	ft	1616p		+Ж	1262		1412s
1-7		1237			1263		1293
	ж	1238			1264		1294
		1616pS		ЕЛ	1265	2-6	1295
	Це	2219P			1231p		1296
		=>H5-3P			1266	ж	1297
		=>H4-4₽			1267	ж	1298
1-8		2223p	2-4		1268		1299
		1637p		ж	1269		1300
1-9	-Дй	1239			1270		1301
1-11	— JJP	1240			1271	/ч	1302
		1241			1272	-ррр	1303
		1761p		ж	1273		1304
1-12	-ЖЙ	=>D4-9P			1286s		1305
1-16	-ft	1611₽		jz^	1274	 -й	1436р
2-1		2126p			1275		1306
PATTERN INDEX
996
И2
it	1862p		xfg	1338		1374s
-Ж	1307		~,r*	1339		1380s
A^	1308	2-9		1340	-J	1266p
	1309			1341		1259p
	1310		Ж	1342	3-3 n-^-	1361s
	1311			1343	±tF	1367
	1312		ж	2075₽		1368
						
	1313		л	1344		1369
2=£	1314		/Г	1345		1370
ж	1315			1346		1371
	2072p	2-10		1347		1372
74	1316			1348		1373
A$	1317		Ж	1353s		1374
- |fj^*etc^>B3-6p			/4	1349		1375
1ё|?	1318		-M	2086₽		1376
tS	1319		^^etc=^B3-9₽			1377
+m	1320		/Г	1350		1378
	1321		/— ^fnT	1351		1550p
ж	1322	2-11		1352		1379
>LLA	1323			1353	"2	1380
-r- ffi	1324		56	1354	¥	1381
V	1325		ft	1807ps		1551P
	1326			=>H3-10p		1382
-Й	1327	2-12	‘IU	1355		1383
ж	1328	2-13		1356	^5^	1384
8 W	1329		z -36	1531p	n	=>B2-4P
14)	1330			1357	3-4 ng	1385
S	1331		r-	1358		1386
Ц	1332	2-17	— Лй	1359	3E	1387
	1333	3-1		1360	ЁЗ	1388
ft	1643ps			1253p		1389
ZK	1334			1246p		1390
лВ	1335	3-2		1361	± J	1391
•' zb	2082p		^2»	1362		1392
	=>H3-7P		jn	1363	J14	1393
*W	1336			1364	Ss	1394
+Ж	1337			1365		1395
j,A^	1587p			1366	7TS	1396
997
PATTERN INDEX
В 2	3-5
Ж	1397		1431	ХЙ	1463
5^13	1398	4^	1432	-"-'fnf	1464
и	1399	1*4	1433		1465
	1625ps		1434		1466
	1619**		1435	W	1467
«<д.	1400		1436	ж	1591р
	1401	^тЖв:	^>Я2-6Р	''fnb	1468
	1402		1582s		1469
•ту	1403	з-б ajft	1437		2082р
%	1404	Ух:	1438		1334р
4Ё	1405	§	1439	3-8	1470
Гт	1406	ж	1440	Ж	1471
	1407		1441		1472
	1288р	ж	1442	W	1473
3-5	1408	ж	1443		1474
	1409		1444	ж	1475
	1410		1642р		1476
	1411	,JJK	1445		=>В5-6Р
	1412		1446		1477
Ж	1413	ж	1447		1658р
Й	1414		1448		1478
aj?	1415	й	1449	ZTx	1479
	1416	ж	1450	-и-	1480
ш	1417	ж	1582р		1481
Уд	1418	—	1451		1482
трС	1419	’ll*	1452		1483
д|_^	1420		1453		1484
	1421	з-7 □>	1454	Ж	1485
"' Пч1	1422	М {	1455		1486
"'^	1625р	-g.	1456		1487
	1423	W	1457	ж	1596р
Ж	1424	ж	1458	ж	1497s
	1425	ж	1459	3-9 ±Ж-	1488
И	1426		1460	А ©	1489
Ж:	1427	W	1461		1490
^6	1428		1462	-'Ж	1666р
	1429		1647р		=>Н5-7₽
	1430		1588р	,а,Ж	1491
PATTERN INDEX
998
-5								H2
		1492		SB	1525			1553
		1493			1526	4-3		1554
		1494		w	1527			1555
		1495		ж	1528			1556
	3^5	1496		j=<	1677p			2044p
	ж	1497		JeF	1529			2039ps
		1508s		ж	1530			1236p
	II	1511s		— it	1531			1288p
	3 #	1498	3-13		1532			1557
	,, ±fe в	1499		JS»	1533		s и	1558
	]=|l	1500		-H-	1534			1559
		1501			1535			1560
	s	2086p		illf	1536	4-4		1299p
-10		1502			1537		0 M	1561
		1503			1538		In	1562
		1608p		Ж	1539			1563
	1X1	1504	3-14	-Ж	1540		g	1564
	-H- JJ	1505		*Ss	1543s		w*	1565
	w	1506		W	1537s			1566
		1507	3-15	ч+‘	1541			1567
	ЙЕ /TV»	1508		i^i^j	1542			1568
		1509			1543			1569
		1510			1544			1570
		1511	3-16		1545			2047p
		1512			1546			1304p
	— I 1Ж							
		1513	3-17	UJ	1547			1295p
	Й	1514	4-1	В Я	1548			1571
		1515			1612s			1572
11	±ж	1516	4-2	0^	1549			1573
	Ук	1517			1555s		А 1=r	1574
	Ж	1518			2044ps			1429p
	ио.	1519			=>D4-2P		rb M-J Л1Л	1575
		1520		/\	1272p		Ук	1411p
	-И-	1521		*5^	1271p	4-5	aS	1576
	8	1522			1550		111	1577
	Ж	1523		n±fc	1551		я	1578
	We	1530s		Zfc 7*c	1552		efp	1579
12	w	1524			2199p			1580
999
PATTERN INDEX
		1581 1317p		1606 1607	si ж	1635 1636
		2072p		1353p		1687p
		1582		1608		1325p
		1583	4-10	=4>H1O-4P	ж	1637
		1648s	4-11 вЦ	1609		1441p
4-6	a	1584	4-12 эЦ	1610	in	1312p
	в ft	1585	4-13	1611		1638
		1586	5-1 4</B	1612		1639
	/<	1335p	5-2	1613		1640
		1587		1614	ft#	1641
	Л2А	1588		1615		1322p
		1589		1616		1328p
	Hfe	1590		1624s	"Ж	1642
		1591		1398p		1643
	dEp&	1465p	4$	1287₽		1644
4-7	*#	1340p	1ВЙ	1617	ж	1645
	в ft	1592	К	1618	5-5	тзгдр
	® Й	1593		1292p		1332p
		1594	'“‘$7	1619	§И 8	1646
		1344p	¥	1625s		1468p
		2075₽		1620	^4	1647
	Й	1341p	E Д	1621	4++	1648
	ж.	1595	5-3 g M	1622	Ж	1649
	±t Ji=f	1596		1623		1650
	ж	1485p		1624	5-6 Ш Д	1651
4-8	at	1597		1616s		1652
	l=l=f	1598	Ус	=>H3-5P	В	1653
	ж	1599		1625		^>ЯЗ-8Р
	.-И-	1600	-fi	1626	\L *	1342₽
		1601	E-gj	1627		1654
		1602		1628		1655
	Jt-fi	1603		1629		1656
		1353₽S	5-4 tt	1630	ж	1657
		1496p	fflW	1631		1658
	ф j<	1669p		1632		1728s
		1604	ж	1633	5-7 aft	1659
4-9		1605	л5ё	1634		1660
PATTERN INDEX
1000
П2
8й»«Ш-|«>»Л»»в>111г|Го|В^)ва-В1В В kb » >	) ) S S' В |sb >
1661		1311р		1715
1348я		1315я	“Ж	1479я
1662	«ж	1687		1716
1663	Й-ф.	1688		1717
1664	к	1689	6-6 АЛ-	1718
1665	*#	1690		1719
1666	Л	1691	ж	1720
1667	6-4 ЛА-	1692		1721
1668		1708s	ffi	1722
1669		2082я		1723
1670	ШЬ	1693		2086р
1352я	те 1^4	1694	Й1	1724
1671		1695		1725
1672	ЗЯ	1696	аай	1726
1673	нж	1697	и	1727
1504я		1698		1728
1674		1331я		1347р
1675		1336я		1350я
=>ВЗ-12Р		1338я		1597р
1676		1588я		1661я
1677	м fix	1455я	6-7 л*§|5	1729
1678		1466я		1514я
1679		1699	ffi®	1730
1841я	н Ж	1700		1731
1620s		1701		1608я
1307я		1702		1513я
1309я	i!t	1703		=>Н4-9Я
1306я	*ж	1704	Г±Ь и Ч?	1732
1300я		1705		1733
1569я	6-5	1706		1734
1680	ffi	1707	6-8 лл-	1735
1681		1708	W	1736
1451я		1709		1737
1682	ffi	1710		1738
1683		1711	ПЛ-	1739
1684	gg	1712	6-9 ЛА-	1740
1685		1713		1741
1686		1714		1531я
1001
PATTERN INDEX
6-10
	p,q on	1742	8-3		1767			1795
6-10	Hr	1743			1768		-ж	1796
	Ж	1744			1769		**	1797
6-11		1745		**	1770		**	1798
6-12		1746		*Й	1716₽			1799
	UH	1747		№ ЕД	1804s		жЖ	1357р
	и	1749s		EXfg	1805s		te	1358р
6-13		1748	8-4		1771			1531р
	ж Wf	1749		Ж	1772		=>	1609р
6-14	ллЛ	1750			1773		К Л	1817s
7-2	йй	1321р		^1^	1774	8-9	* я	1800
		1327р			1775		я	1801
		1326р			1776	8-11		1802
7-3		1751			1777		яяК	135^
	w	1752			1778	8-13		1803
		1753			1779	9-2		1343р
	w ж	1337₽			1780			1596р
		1339р		я^1	1781		вД	1651р
7-4	iS	1754		4ffi 4нЁ	1351р	9-3	pso	0405р
		1755			1499р		№ ЕД	1804
	ед	1756			1782		кЦ?	1805
	эд 5^	1757			1783			1501р
	& Ж	1345р			1813s			1500р
	®ж	1758	8-5		1784			1496р
	•w	1759		ЕВ	1785		ри J^L	1806
		1760		Ж	1786		Big Л	1807
		1715Р		ВЯ^.	1787	9-4	2^	1808
7-5		1761			1788		н§ BS	1809
	-в	1492₽			1789			1810
	Sffj	1604р			1510р			1811
7-6	а>1£	1762		'Ев'	1506р		мп ид	1812
	«®ж	=>НЗ-10р		Ж»	1734р			1515р
7-7	sig	1763	8-6	—. == гш	1790		яВ	1813
	®тШ	1764			1791			1814
	««в	=>НЗ-11₽			1792	9-5		1815
8-1	ж	1972р		КЖ	1816s			1736р
8-2		1765	8-7	чПХ	1793			1825s
	1Д	1766			1794	9-6		1816
PATTERN INDEX
1002
-4
□ 3
-7	kJ? -К	1817 1827s	11-5		1839 1532р	+ 4- гЛ	1864 1865
-8	я м	1611р	11-9		1840	лН	1866
0-2	л 31	1492р			1841	иф	1867
	ж J^L	1806р	12-3		1842	2-2 i_jA2!	=>ОЗ-25
0-3		1818		й&	1843	J-1E	1868
		1819			1844		1869
		1820			1845	/в	1870
		=>НЗ-10₽	12-4		1846		2141р
	ай	1830s	12-7		1847	г Гт	1871
0-4		1821	12-10® Ц		1848	ей	1872
		1822	13-2	®ж	1796₽		1873
	Дч	1823			1797р	-4 4*	1874
		=>НЗ-11₽	13-3	«м	1849	пН	1875
	ай	1836s			1850	я	1876
	ВЕ^В	1837s	13-4		1851	иИ	1877
0-5		1824	14-2	и а	1852	с|Ж	1878
		1825	14-4		1853	К	1879
0-6	»Ж	1826	14-5	ж ДД	1854		1924s
0-7		1827	16-4	О	1855	2-3 1_ЖЕ	^>03-3'
0-9		1840s	16-6	«Й	1856		1880
O-lOftj^		1200₽					1881
1-2	«Ф	1828	[~1			Л pj	1882
		1829		ENCLOSURE		rffi	1883
		1786р					1884
1-3	affi	1830	1-1	л 73	1857		1885
	«w	1517р			1858		1886
		1842s			1859		1887
	ilag	1845s			2113р	£	1888
1-4	*Й	1831	1-2	L В	2124р		1894s
	WfW	1832		л 77	1860		1889
	gfc	1833	1-3	LB	2144р	2-4 JLg	1938s
	#1	1834	1-4	Л п]	1861	i_ iff igetc=>C]3-4:	
		1835	1-5	1 j®	1929р	л^ё	1890
		1836	1-7	•-Ш	1862		1891
	ёе №	1837	1-12		1671р	ГК	1892
		1838	2-1	Л^	1863		1893
	^Й	1528р		л 73	1858s		1894
1003
PATTERN INDEX
□ 3
2-!
1895			ffi		2141p	Ж	1940
	ffi	1896		□ffi	1871p	ifi	1941
	n|H]	1897		"ffi	1243₽		1942
	Й	2042p		□ ffi	2158p	ж	1943
	Л.Щ	1898		□ S	1915		1944
	Eg	1899	3-2	□ ffi	1916	г Ф	1945
	E	1900		-jjA.	1917	йл	1946
2-5		1952s			1918		1947
	j|3etc=>O3-5s				1919	nfff]	0050р
	rjg	1901		r-ffi	1920	□ Ё	1948
	eg	1902		ffi	1921	□ H	1949
2-6		1965s		□ffi	1885p	ffl	1950
	J^iSetc=>O3-6s			pg	1922		1951
	гЖ	1905s			1923	3-5	1952
		1903		rffi	1894ps		1953
	□И	1904		Eg	1924		1954
2-7	^jjgi|etc=>n3-7s			□ffl	1925	ЗЙ	1955
	гЖ	1905		И	1926		1956
	Ж	1906		пЦП.	2164₽		1957
	rf	1907		□ В	1927	Й	1958
	nM	1908		□ffi	2173₽		1959
	Ц®	1909		□ И	1928	ЕЙ	1960
2-8		2001s	3-3	□ ffi	1929		1961
	ffi	2008s		Ж	1930	ffi	1962
	Jftjj||etc=>O3-85			-t 5^	1931		1974s
	г ж	1910			1371p		1301р
	ад	=>H7-3P		£	1372p	□ ffl	1963
	Eg	1911		г ffi	1932	a	1964
2-9	jL j^^etc=^O3-9s			rffi	1933	3-6	1965
2-10	Ejg^etc^DS-KI5			□ Jn	1893p	Ж	1966
2-11	□	etc^n3-lls				1270p		1967
2-12	ilietc^ns-u’			rffiffi	=>O2-4p		1968
	rg	1912		nfR]	1934	эй	1969
		1913		□ Й	1935	ж	1970
	El®	1914		s	1936	ж	1971
2-13		=>03-13s		ffl	1937	-ж	2222р
3-0	□ □	2119p	3-4		1938		1972
3-1	PR	2146p		l. iffl	1939	ж	1973
PATTERN INDEX
1004
-10
□ 3
rg Й	1974 1986s 1987s	Ж	2005 2006 2007	r-fc	2044s 2041 1270₽
	1975		2008	'J>£	1553₽
Ж	1976		2009	Rj^.	1932₽
ж	1977		2010	йЙ	2042
	1978		2011	4-3	1620₽
ж	1979	□ g	2012		2043
ж	1980	3-10	2013	г ж	1234₽
}й	1981		2014		2044
	1982		. 2015		2039s
vfc. №.	1983	5®	2018s		1294₽
	1984	r-jf	2016		2045
rjt	1985	□s	2017	fffpj	0045₽
5Ж	1986	3-11 i-Ж	2018	лЯ	1293₽
)й	1987		2019	П^)	1943₽
W	1988	5Й	2020	4-4 n й	2046
|л|£	1989		2021		=*Bl-7₽
ж	1997s	гЖ	2022	w	2047
L_ jfe	1990	3-12 i_5t	2023		2048
	1991		2024		1301₽
iS	1992		2025	4-5 JtI;	1687p
Ж	1993	Ж	2026	rjf	2049
iS	2001s	iS	2027		1907₽
58	1981s		2028	г-Ж	2050
ffi	2008s		2029		1583₽
ri	1994		2030		2051
	1995	3-13 Ljg	2031	пЖ	тзгоР
ffi	1996	iS	2032	Rg	1972₽
	1997	rJB	2033	4-6 Я Д	1239₽
)Ж	1998	3-15 rjg	2034	rjf	2049s
Й	2011s	з-w	H99P	4-7	2052
j- }5	1999	3-18 ГЙ	2035	rg__	2053
51	2000	3-21 ft	2036	4-8 H	=>B1-11
урё/	2001	4-2	2037		1782₽
	2002		2038	4-9 Г JU	2054
5iii	2003	7*^5	2039	Д|	2055
Ж	2004		2040	4-10 Г	2054s
1005
PATTERN INDEX
□ 3
4-11
ЙЖМ ЙЙ Й1ЯЙЙ Й^г S ВШЖ-Ж^Й ЖЖЖЖЖЖ'^ЖИ Й Ян aS Ж Ж лк > & ЖЖ
2056		=>П4-9Я	10-4		2095₽
2057	6-9	1845я	10-5	ЯЬЙ	2100₽
2202я		->□4-1 Iя	11-4		гозо*’
2216я	б-ю /“В	1537я	11-5	мЙ	2033р
1399я	7-2 £_	2078	11-7		2034₽
1620ps	7-3 it jg	2079	11-8		1545₽
1409я		2080	11-ЮГ* Ц		2035₽
1422я	J» SP	2081	14-4	Mf@i	1746"
2225я		2082			
2058		1 ЛАдР			
1445я	ГТ IP] 7-4	1Я-ОЧ 2083	SOLID		
2226я		1480я			
1324я	7-5 L	2084	1-1	□ ZL	2104
2059		2085		7	2107s
2060		2086	1-4		2105
2061	7-8 ML.	2087	2-1	□ 7Г	2106
2062	8-0 M f36)	0597я		7	2107
2063	8-2	2088		X	2108
2064	8-3 tL^	2089		7Ь	1858я
2065		2090		7	2104s
2066		2091		7	2125s
1845ps		1341я		и	1857я
2067	8-4	1600я	2-2		2109
2068		2092	2-3		2110
2069	и	2093	2-4	□ А	2111
2070		2094		Л	2112
1542я	Fifs)	1721я			2113
2048я	8-6 L.M	2095		А	2114
2071		2096			2137s
2049я	M	2097		-t	2109я
2072		2098	3-1		2115
2073	M	2099		7	2116
2074	8-7 t_Jt£	2100		В	2117
2053я	mH	2101		ZC	2118
2075	s-ю mH	2102		□	2119
1341я	8-12	1547я			2120
2076	9-4	1672я			2121
2077	9-9 JL<g	2103			2122
PATTERN INDEX
1006
-4
4
4	2123	R	2122s	R	1871p
в	2124	0	1915p	5-1 П1	2164
4	2125	M	2170s		2165
4	1865p	dh	2174s	5	2166
7b	1858ps	ЯЕ	=>O2-2p	4	2167
77	1860p	4-2 □ #	2176s		2168
2 at	2126	4	2178s	Ф	2169
±	2127	±	1868p	M	2170
±	2128	4-3 И Ж	2149	ffi	2171
±	2129	Ф	2150	IE	2172
	2130		2151	Я	2173
Ж	1867p		2152	Д	2174
з	2131		2153	ffl	1925₽
=E	2132		2154	5	2143s
	1864p		2155	zS	1612ps
4 a±	2133		2156	R	1922p
4	2134	4	1254p	S	1927₽
£	2135	Ж	1258ps	4	1365₽
	2136	Ж	0003p	ffl	1889p
	2137	sp	1874p	И	1928p
4	2138	4-4	2157	5-2 П0	2175
	1228ps	tt*	2158		2176
t	2126p	X	2159		2177
X	2121p		2160		2178
Я	2123p		2161		2179
-Й	2130p	|>Aj	2162	ж	2180
1	2139	X	2163		2181
Й	2140	X	1228p		1880p
	2141	X	1255p	£	1368ps
^p\	2142		2152p	it	1257₽
TEf	2143		2178ps		1231p
E	2144	R	1872p	5-3 OD^E	2182
EE	2145	2.	2137s	Ф	2183
R	2146	4	0004p		2184
Я	2147	Ж	1360p		2185
5E	2148		2156p	ffl	2186
R	1869p	4	2138s	ж	0024p
	2120s	Ж	1873p	5-4	2187
1007
PATTERN INDEX
4
б-i
2188			Ж		1379р	Ж		1629р
		2189			=>П4-2Р			1410р
		1228₽s	7-1	n®	2204			1681р
	ж	123O₽		ж	2205			1299р
		1923p		ж	2206	9-1	□Ж	2222
		0006p			2207	9-2	□ж	2223
	tt	2178p		Ж	1395₽		%	1691р
	Jr	1885p		в	2045р			2051р
	£	1267p		s	1385р			1583р
6-1		2190		ж	0007ps			1644р
	iW	2191	7-3	00	2208	9-3		2224
	W	2192		Ж	2209	9-4	о	2225
	ffi	2193			2210			2226
		2194			2211			1451р
		1279p		Ж	2212		иЙ	2071р
	%	1612p			2213		$	1645₽
	e	1370p		Ж	2214	10-1	□ Ж	2073р
	%	1371p		ft	1291р	10-4		1465р
	и	2170s	7-4		2215			1705р
	a	2174s		ж	2216			2074р
6-2	□ Й	2195		ЗЙ	2208р		а	2081р
	rfn	2196		ж	1236р		жж	=^Н5-5Р
	Й	2197			1294р	11-3	ооЖ	2227
	ft	1282p		ft	2044р		а	1761₽s
6-3	ооЖ	2198		ft	2039^	11-4		2228
	е|п	2199			221 Зр		ж	2083р
		2200	8-1	□ж	2217		ж	1346р
	ft	1284p		l^j	2218		ж	1340р
	ft	1383p		ft	1626р	12-4		2229
6-4	□ ]g	2201			0007р		ж	1806р
	й£	2202	8-2	□ ж	2219			2076р
		2203		ft	2047р	13-4		2077р
	ft	2044₽s	8-3	шЖ	2220	14-1	п W	2230
		2042p		ж	2221	15-1		1742р
	'£	1553p	8-4	□ й	2046р			
PATTERN INDEX
1008
System of kanji indexing by Patterns
HOW TO LOCATE AN ENTRY
DETERMINE THE SKIP NUMBER OF YOUR CHARACTER		
STEP 1	IDENTIFY PATTERN Determine to which of the four patterns your character belongs to get the first part of the SKIP number (the pattern number). If your character belongs to pattern E 1, В 2, or □ 3, carry out the steps in the left column; if it belongs to pattern  4, carry out the steps in the right column. =>§4 How to Identify the Pattern	
	El B2 ПЗ	 4
STEP 2	DIVIDE CHARACTER Divide the character into two parts at the first division point. =>§5 How to Divide the Character	OMIT Since solid characters cannot be divided, go to STEP 3.
STEP3	COUNT STROKES OF SHADED PART Count the strokes of the shaded part to get the second part of the SKIP number. => Appendix 2. How to Count Strokes	DETERMINE TOTAL STROKE-COUNT Determine the total stroke-count of your character to get the second part of the SKIP number. =>Appendix 2. How to Count Strokes
STEP 4	COUNT STROKES OF BLANK PART Count the strokes of the blank part to get the third part of the SKIP number. => Appendix 2. How to Count Strokes	IDENTIFY SOLID SUBPATTERN Determine to which of the four solid subpatterns your character belongs to get the third part of the SKIP number. Select from: П 1, □ 2, HI 3, or □ 4. =>§6 How to Subclassify the Solid Pattern
After determining the SKIP number, locate your entry character in one of two ways:
1. Determine the entry number in the Pattern Index beginning on p. 984, then locate your char-
acter in the main part of the dictionary. See §3.3 Index Method for details.
2. Locate your character entry directly (without referring to the Pattern Index) from its SKIP
number. See §3.4 Direct Method for details.
NOTE: All references preceded by a section mark (§) refer to Appendix 1. System of Kanji Index-
ing by Patterns beginning on p. 873.
HOW TO IDENTIFY THE PATTERN
О e	DETERMINE TO WHICH OF THE FOUR PATTERNS YOUR CHARAC- TER BELONGS E 1 Characters that can be divided into left and right parts В 2 Characters that can be divided into top and bottom parts □ 3 Characters that can be divided by an enclosure element  4 Characters that cannot be classified under patterns D 1, B2,orD3 IF A CHARACTER CAN BE CLASSIFIED UNDER MORE THAN ONE PATTERN, SELECT THE ONE THAT FOLLOWS THE NATURAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE CHARACTER	Right	Wrong
		zb ж 4-5 1-2 1-11 3-3 - e » 1-1 3-3 2-3 5-4 it ж и a 3-8 3-2 8-3 3-5 ЖМ4 8-1 5-2 4-3 3-4 Я В 2-5-2 ffiB2-6-9	Jt nJ 1-3 1-4 3-2 3-3 л 4 ra 4* 1-2 4-2 8-4 4-3 A £ £ & 1-1 4-3 3-3 5-4 Л S Ж 2-1 4-1 4-3 vac 1-2-5 1-7-8
HOW TO DIVIDE THE CHARACTER
О 0	DIVIDE THE CHARACTER INTO TWO PARTS AT THE FIRST DM- SION POINT E Going from left to right, divide at the first space В Going from top to bottom, divide at the first space, horizon- tal line, or frame element, whichever comes first □ Going from the outside toward the inside, divide after the first enclosure element DO NOT VIOLATE THE PRINCIPLE OF ELEMENT INTEGRITY 1.	Never break through strokes 2.	Never break through indivisible units 3.	Never make unnatural divisions	Right	Wrong
		Л zj\ ® 4-4 1-2 3-3 H W £ 1-2 2-8 3-4 2-3 Й#Я g 3-6 3-8 8-3 3-2 X ПЗ-2-2 -IWE1-3-8 ЯП 3-4-2	zj' W 2-1 9-3 = W # T 2-1 6-4 2-5 1-2 7-2 145 ME1-1-4 WE1-1-10 Я В 2-2-4
HOW TO SUBCLASSIFY THE SOLID PATTERN
О ©	DETERMINE TO WHICH OF THE FOUR SOLID SUBPATTERNS YOUR CHARACTER BELONGS П 1 Characters that contain a top line □	2 Characters that contain a bottom line OD 3 Characters that contain a through line □	4 Characters that do not contain a top line, bottom line, or through line IF A CHARACTER CAN BE CLASSIFIED UNDER MORE THAN ONE SUBPATTERN, THE SUBPATTERN WITH THE SMALLEST NUMBER TAKES PRECEDENCE	Right	Wrong
		ж т л ж 8-1 3-1 6-1 8-1 ± JEc fi 3-2 5-2 8-2 (р Ж Яз 4-3 8-3 4-3 4 A * 3-4 3-4 7-4 i a w ж 4-1 3-1 7-1 8-1 Ш £ Ф 5-2 5-2 5-1	2-1 3-1 8-1 5-1 Hi & < 3-2 5-2 8-2 A 4 4 Ж 4-3 3-3 4-3 7-3 Ж А. Ж 6-4 3-4 4-4 6-4 ее a is ж 4-2 3-2 7-2 8-3 Ж £ R3 5-3 5-3 5-3
HOW TO FORM THE SKIP NUMBER
SKIP Number of Divisible Characters
Stroke-count of blank part
— Stroke-count of shaded part
— Pattern number (1=E )
— Pattern symbol (left-right)
SKIP Number of Indivisible Characters
4— 3
Subsection number
Solid subpattern number (1= П)
Total stroke-count of character
Pattern number (4=B)
Pattern symbol (solid)
HOW TO LOOK UP A CHARACTER
The user has a choice of five methods of locating entry characters:		
О	BY PATTERN: The characters can be quickly located from their geometrical patterns.	=>Pattern Index on p. 984
0	BY SCANNING: Characters of high stroke-count can be located almost immediately without count- ing strokes.	^SYSTEM OF KANJI INDEXING BY PATTERNS §3.5 SCAN Method on p. 886
©	BY READING: The characters are listed alpha- betically by their on and kun readings.	=>0n-Kun Index on p. 929
0	BY RADICAL: The characters are listed by their traditional radicals.	=>Radical Index on p. 966
0	DIRECTLY: A direct method allows characters to be located from their geometrical patterns without the use of any index.	=>SYSTEM OF KANJI INDEXING BY PATTERNS §.3.4 Direct Method on p. 885
System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns
No.	Pattern	Classification	Examples
1	E LEFT-RIGHT	clear space conceptual space	ft 1W /J4 J l| TH Ж Ж 4-5	2-3	3-8	1-2	1-2	2-4	1-11	2-11 Ш Ш	Й В 3-3	6-3	11-4	3-9	5-2	12-6	10-9	2-5
2	H UP-DOWN	clear space conceptual space horizontal line frame element	Ж	—	=.	s 1-4	1-1	1-2	1-6	2-2	2-5	2-2	3-3 3-4	2-4	11-9	2-8	1-6	4-7	6-2	5-4 3-3	3-5	2-2	2-7	2-5	5-3	4-6	3-10 * £ £ Й Ж £ 2-3	2-7	2-6	4-2	2-6	3-3	2-7	2-2
3	□ ENCLOSURE	□ □ □ □ □ □ □□□□□	3-8	4-2	7-3	3-5	8-7	1-7	1-1	2-2 ю	а	л	ж	pj	ж	л	ж 2-4	6-7	1-1	1-4	2-3	4-3	7-4	6-4 3-8	2-3	3-4	5-5	2-3	4-2	7-5	2-2 го а й й и ш и 8-4	2-6	2-7	3-3	4-2	2-2	2-1	2-6 е	в	е	а 2-5	3-4	2-9	2-2 0	Н	И	0	@	И	и 3-3	3-5	3-2	3-1	3-2	3-2	3-2
4	 SOLID	□	1 top line □	2 bottom line И 3 through line □	4 others	Т Ж ffi й □ ® Ж 3-1	6-1	8-1	3-1	5-1	3-1	7-1	14-1 3-2	2-2	3-2	5-2	5-2	6-2	7-2	9-2 4-3	2-3	4-3	5-3	7-3	9-3	4-3	11-3 2-4	2-4	3-4	4-4	4-4	6-4	7-4	9-4