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8
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rAe R AOn>KeH cOlAn.,?

9
2) Where must I get off the bus?
r Ae R AOl1)t(eH coL:in1 c aSTo6yca?
3) Get these dirty dishes off.
Y6epL4Te :ny rpR3HYto nocYAY.
4) Get off these dirty dishes.
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5) Get it off.
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6) His friends got him off.
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11
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npl1Rc.aCHbl TilKJKC 'laCTO IIClpC'JaIOIIUlCCH II PC'III II R
JlI1Tcpa'lYpc npSIMhlC 11 06paTHhiC npOlBRO,lHhIC aT
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npHlIcpJKltllacMCH HanilCallI1H. npllHrroro OKCCpOPll-
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UTllC.1LIILIX (ppaJODLIX r.'JaroJIOJ! npHBO!UITC1 1I.3IIOM3-

12
TWICCKHC Bblpa)KCH1H. BKHIO'IaIOWHC HX. TalOKC C
npnMCpOM H nCpCBOllOM (TaK\.1X Bblpa)KCtllIHIJ CJlOBapC
Wi).
MLI lIan.eCMCSI, 'ITO 6J1aro.aapH raKoMY nocTpoeH\.11O
Ll0BapL, KpOMC CBOCH OCIIOBIiOH <PYHKIHIII cnpa-
IJO'iltoro annapaTa. IJblllOJlHI/CT 'IaCTH'IIIO t poJlb MC-
TOiUl'lCCKOrO noco6uSI no nY'lclHlIO u 60JICC r:IY-
60KOMY npolmKHoncH11O IJ npupo.ay .noro (ppa3COJlO-
Hl'lCCKOro HBJICIIIUI B aHf.TmHCKOM )jjblKC - (!)pnOllbl1(
fJIaroJlOB.
Hc UCKJIIO'ICHO, 'ITO IJHHMaTc.JILtlbIH 'I\.1TaTCJIL
06HapY)KIH II C,OR3pC OT.:J.CJILHbIC norpeWHOCT\.1,
110.1I"OMY MLI 6YllCM npn IHaTC,lLHLI nCCM. npHCJIan-
I/IHM cnmt laMC'I3H1II/ t npC1lJlO)KCHIIH B a.'lpec HJ-
llaTCJlbCTBa.
)];111 )KCJIaIOWIIX caMOCTOSlTCJlLHO pa 3BIIBaTL YMC-
HUC HCnOJlbl0naTb (!Jp,BOBble r.qaro.'lbl B cnoeii pe'HI
peKoMctlllyeM noco6He P. LlltKCOH3 <,43 ypOK<I C aH-
r.qHHCKtlMo>. c-n6., 1994. npCnOll<lnaTCJIHM. a TaK)KC
npOllOJI)KaIOLUHM II3Y'IaTL aHfJHti-icKuii pcKOMcHllyeM
CnCLl\.1aJ1btlOC noco6uc "Phrasal vcrb workbook by
M. Goodalc", Harpcl Collins Publishcr. 1993.
npu COCTaRJICH\.1H CJIOnapH 6bLqU H<:IIOJlbl0Ballbl
cne.aYlOlIH1C JICKcHKorpa<pu'lccKIIC I1CTO'IHI1Kn:
II) Cowie A. P. and Mackin R. Oxford Dictionary of
Phrasal Verbs. Oxford lJ niversity Press. 1993.
121 CUllrl1ley R. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal
Vcrbs. London. 1983.

13
[31 Collins Cobuild Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs.
London, 1989.
141 Cambridge International Dictionary of Phrasal
Verbs. Cambridge University Press. 1997.
151 Oxford Advanced Learner's Encyclopedic
Dictionary. Oxford University Press, 1994.
16J Chambers dictionary of Synonyms and Antonyms.
Edinburgh. 1995.
[71 Lister R. English idioms. Norwich, Norfolk, 1993.
181 Kopmllli P. AHflll1ilcKHe cppa30IIble rJlaroJlbl.
AHI.O-PYCCKHii C.10llilpb. M., 1997.
19] AluJlO-PYCCKl1ii C.lonapb fllaroJlbHblX
CJlOBOCO'/CTilHIIH (nOJI o6ulI1'Y PYKOBOllCTBOM
3.M. MC1IHIlKOBOIi). M.. 1990.
110) HOllblH 6oJlbwoii illlrJlO-pyCCKJlH CJlOBilpb (noli
0611UIM PYKOIJOJICTBOM 3.M.MelUHlKonoii 11
1O.ll.Anpccsmil). T 1-3. M., 1993-1994.
III J CJlOnapb CORpcMeHHoro aHrJll1HCKOro HJbIKii.
T. 1-2. M., 1992.
112J Eellcoll M., DellCOII :J., 11.1coll P. KOM6uHaTOp-
Hblii CJJOBapb aHrmliicKoro SUbIKa. M., 1990.
1131 KY/IIlH A.B. AHfJlo-PyccKIfH cppaJeOJlOrH'leCKUU
CJlOIlapb. M., 1956.
1141 lly6ellcKafl CJ1. PyccKo-aHr.IfHcKIfH cppaJCoJlo-
IWICCKlfii CJIOBapb. M., 1997.
1151 1(J,'JMtWI ce. lJ/(JiJpllll HJI. PyccKo-aHfJlIfi1-
CKlli; c.OIlapb 1l0C.10IllfU 11 lloronopOK. M., 1989.
1161 EYKORCKOH AI. B. li (Jp. CJlOIJapb ym1Tpe611TcJlb-
HblX ilHrJHlHCKHX nOCJJOIlIfU. M., 1985.

14
npH COCTaRJICHl111 CJ10Bapli TaK)!(C HCnO.lb30nanaCb
J1114H,H( KapTOTCKa aBTOpa.
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1IHJ1I1HCKHM !tPY JbIlM.

15
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CI1IIOIIHMHH - <IIITOIIIIMIIII JlliI'lCHllii COOrtlCTC11I)'1O-
IHlIX (I>pa 30HbiX LI<II-o;I013 :11160 II O,lIHt OJIOK (HKJIIO'laCl
I"OJlbKO ClIlIOI-IIIMbl, IIC IIMCIOUIIIC aIHOIHIMOH: CM.
pa JilC:lbl I. J. X. 9-.. .11160 II !Ilia p,U1ClICIIHhIX ropll-
JOIiTa:ILlloif 'lcpToii 6.10Ka - IICpXIBlii I-I HI1)!(HlU1
(CI1II0III1MLI UCPXIICro OJIOKa II POTl11101l0J10)KHbl no
Uli\lICHIIIO CIIHOIllnla1 HIDKlicro 6_()Ka: CM. OCTaJllr
Hble \XHLlCJlbJ).
HapC4ml II npC.'L10nt II paMKax omlOro 6.10Ka J;)-
f111C<llibl U a;lll)(1I3111110M 1I0pJl:IKC 01111H Ja llPYrIIM nplI-
Mhl\1 RLl:IC'ICIIIILIM KpynllLIM WpIHIJWM.
Bec I3 pinllCmJ/I _Ollap1 piKIIO.10;+:Cllbl II ,Ul(IJ;t-
AIHHOM 1I0P}(IKC IICplJLIX !1011 "Jaro!IOUKOU (lL'ISI JWY-
6.10 ' IllLIX IIMCCTS! A Rll..'lY RCpXlIlI11 6.OK). TaKOUblM
)IIUstC-1 JI CnlJIIO about ..LIS! I-ro paJilCJI<I, CJlono above
JUI)! 2-10. across J1'lst 3-10 Ill...:!.

16
npltMCp O!lH06;IO'IHOro 3<lro;IOIJKa:
1
about around of round
PA]jlE.'!
npll\ICp lIBy6no'iHoro Jaro.'IOHKa:
2
above
below
over
under
PA311EJI
Becm B enonapc .iLl!! q}pa30L\bIX rJlaro.'lon lienOJlb-
JOnaHO 44 HapC'lIUI II npc.'wora (npC.iL10r out of C'II1-
TaeTe!! O.1.HIIM C10!JOM). Bcc 0/111 CUC;lCHbl II «A:lqm-
nil ntbln YKa IaTC.'IL HapC'lllii II npeJLOron'> (pacllo,lo-
"'CH IlOClIC OCHOflHOro Kopnyca CJIOlJapJI), B KOTOpOM
lL1SI KaJK.'loro clOna - BTOpOro KOMnOHCHT:l (I>p,no-
lJora maroJ1a npllllcnCH HOMCp paJLlc.la (£I KpyrJlhlX
cK06Kax), r.:IC JTO cnol3o I3XOllllT [I COCTaB .mroJ10BKa.

17
Do.Z1 KIDK..!{biM JaronOBKOM npHBO.Z1HTCH Ha PYCCKOM
H3blKe opHeHTHpOBO'lHaH TeMaTHKa 3Ha'leHHA $pa-
30BblX rnaroJlOB llaHHoro pa3.Z1eJla. llrUI .Z1By6J10'lHbIX
JaroJlOBKOB COOTBCTCTBylOlllHe aepXHeMY H HIi}KHeMY
6nOKaM reMbl .Z1aIOTCH '1epe3 THpe. HanpHMep:
5
against
for
PA3JIEJI
TEMATMKA CJ)PA30BblX rnAronOB:
cpaBHeHl1e, conpoTHBlleHl1e, npoTl1BOnOCTaB....eHl1e - 06pa-
lUeHl1e, paCCMOTpeHHe, npHBlle'leHl1e: nOpl1UaHl1e, YMaAe-
HHe - crpeMI\eHl1e, YBlle'leHHe; npeAynpeJI<,AeHMe, npeAO-
TBpalUeHl1e, cra....KMB8HMe - 38MeH8, nOMOlUb, 3860T8
B paMKax KIDK..!{oro pa3.Z1ena $paJOBble rJlaronbi pac-
nOJlOXeHbl B an$aBHTHOM nopJUlKe 6a30BblX rnaro.nOB,
<I>pa30BbIe rnarOJlbl C O.Z1HHM H reM xe 6a30BblM rna-
roJlOM, HO C pa3HblMIf BTOpblMH KOMnOHeHTaMH, pac-
nOJlOXeHbI B CBOIO O'lepe.nb no an$aBHTY nOCne.Z1HHX.
AHanOrl1<fHO C TpeTbHMH KOMnOHeHT8MIf. TaK, B pa3-
.Z1ene 13 nocJle $pa30BOro rJlarona be off CJ1e.nyIOT be
on, be on about, be on at, be on to, bear off H T.,l1.

18
2. nOC1pO&HMe CJIOaapHOA cyan"
CnOBaPHaH CTaTbli BJ(JIIO'JaCT:
2.1. 3arnallHoe CJlOBO - <!>pa30BblH rnarOJ1 (npJlMblM
BbllleneHHblM IllPH<l>TOM), B COCTaB KOTOporo npH He-
06XOD.HMOCTH MO)l(eT 6b1Tb BJ(JIIO'JeHO 1:0KpaIlleHHOC
0603Ha'JeHHe npJlMOrO HnH KOCBeHHOro D.OnOnHCHHJI
(npJlMbiM npocTblM wPH<l>TOM) - sb MJI nlOlleH H sth
MJI npeD.MCTOB; 31'0 0603Ha'JeHHc JamtCblBaCTCIi 6e3
cK060K, ecnH <!>pa30BbIA rnaron 06J1JaTenbHO COllCp-
)l(HT 3TOT 'InCH npeMO)l(CHHJI MJI BCCX npHBeD.eHHbIX
3Ha'JCHHH, I11IH B Kpyrnblx cK06Kax, CCJlH 31'0T 'JneH
npeMO)l(eHHJI Tpe6YCTCJI He MJI BCCX 3Ha'JCHHA,
TpeTHA KOMnOHCHT <!>pa30BOro rnarona (npeMor) C
nocncn.yIOWHM 0603Ha'JeHHeM KOCBCHHOIl? llonon-
HeHHJI sb I1JIH sth MO)l(CT 6b1Tb npHBelleH KaK B Kpyr-
nbIX CK06KaX (eCJIH OH Tpe6yeTCJI KaK BapHaHT), TaK H
6e3 CKo6oK (CCJIH BropoA H TpeTHH KOMnOHeHTbI npH-
CYIllH BCeM 3Ha'JCHHJlM <!>pa30BOro rnarOJ1a).
ECJlH <!>pa30BblH rnaroJl HMceT 60nee OllHOro 3Ha-
'JeHHJI, Bee IUUI OllHHaKOBblX rpaMMaTH'JCCKHX CTPYK-
1)'1), TO B CTJ)OKe JarnaBHoro CJlOBa B Kpyrnblx cK06Kax
npJlMblM WPH<l>TOM npHBOlllITCJI rpaMMaTH'JCCKHC
KOllbl, 06WHC Mil BCex 3Ha'JCHHH. COllCp>KaHHe H
TOnKOBaHHC rpaMMaTH'JCCKHX KOllOB OTllCJJbHO MJI
nCpeXOl1HblX H HenepeXOD.HblX $pa30BblX rnaronOB
npel1CTaBJIeHO Ha CTJ). 26 B pa311CJJe .rpaMMaTH'JccKHe
KOl1bl <!>pa30BblX rnaroJlOB-.

19
npH 3TOM }Ke ycJlOBHH (60Jlee O.l1HOro 3HaqeHHJI)
.I1aJIee B CTpOKe 3afJlaBHOrO CJlOBa B KBa.I1paTHhlX
cK06KaX MeJlKHM WPHcln'OM KypCHBOM npHBO.I1HTCJI
nOMeTa 0 HaJlHqHH npJlMblX npoH3BO.I1HbIX OT $pa-
308OfO rnaroJla CJlOB - cywecTBHTeJlLHhIX n HJlH
npHJIaraTeJlLHLlX adj, a TalOKe 06paTHbIX (HHBePCHbIX)
npoH38O.I1HbIX CJ10B inv; HanpHMep:
lie down
kick sb out I out of sth
be over (5th)
wake (sb/sth) up (vadv, v n adv) (HM66mJ adj]
2.2. O.l1HO HJlH HeCKOJILKO npoJIyMepoBaHHhIX apa6-
CKHMH uH$paMH TOJIItOBaBHi 3Ba"leUHA $paJOBOro
rnafOJla; B paMKaX KIDK.I1oro TOJIKOBaHHJI BKJlI04alOTCJI
CJle.l1YlOWHe CBe.l1eHHJI:
. rpaMMaTHqeCKHe KO.l1h1 $pa308Oro rnarona, COOT-
BeTCTBYIOWHe ,llaHHOMY neKcH4eCKOMY 3HaQeHHIO;
. CneUHaJlLHaJI nOMeTa MCJJKHM KypCHBOM, xapaK-
TepH3YIOWaJI o6nacTL ynOTpe6JJeHHJI rnafOJla c .I1aH-
HhlM neKCWJCCKHM 3HaQeHHeM, HanpHMep:

20
bring forth sth
(O$HU....
. OllHH WlH HeCKOJlbKO CHHOHHMH'ICCKHX PYCCKHX
3KBHB8J1eHTOB JHa'leHHfi ct>paJOBOTO rnaTOJIa npfi-
MbiM WPH<tm>M; npH 3TOM B COOTBeTCTBHH C rpaM-
MaTHIJCCKOA npHpolloA nepeXOllHOCTH WlH Henepe-
XOllHOCTH ct>paJOBOTO rnaTOJia (MH B COOTBeTCTBHH
C KOJlaMH) npHBOJJJJTCfi lJepeJ JanfiTYIO OTlleJIbHO
PYCCKHe 3KBHB8J1eHTbJ - HenepeXOllHbJe rJl8rOJIbJ H
OTllenbHO PYCCKHe 3KBHBalIeHTbI - nepeXOllHbIe
rnaTOnbl; Anfi nepeXOllHbJX PYCCKHX rnaTOnOB npH-
BOlUITCfi npfiMbJe llonOnHeHHJI CJ10BaMH 4<KTQ-Ji..
llJIJI nlOlleA H 4<IJTO-Jl.. llJIJI npellMeTOB WlH KOH-
KpeTHbJMH JlIIfi JlaHHOTO JHalJeHIUI CJ10BaMH, lleTa-
JlHJHPYIOIllHMH nepeBOll; B cnyqae, ecnH HMHIJHe
npJlMOTO 1l0nOJIHeHHJI npellCTa81lJleT co6oA BapHaHT
nepeBOlla, TO 3TH c.nOBa JaKJIlOlJalOTCJI B KPyrnbie
CK06KH; ecnH B COCTaoe ct>paJOBOTO rJlaTOna HMeeTCJI
npeJlllor, TO B pycCKOM 3KBHB8J1eHTe, ecnH He06-
XOllHMO, TalOKe npellYCMaTPHBaeTCJI npeJlllor H
npHBOllHTCJI KOCBeHHOC 1l0nOJlHeHHe CJlOBaMH
4<KTO-Jl.. H 4<'ffO-Jl,. B COOTBeTCTBYlOweM naD.eJKe
WlH KOHKpeTHblMH JlIIJI JlaHHOTO JHalJeHHJI CJ10-
BaMH,lleTMHJHpYlOlllHMH nepeBOll; H8npHMep:
glance round (sth)
(v adv, v pr) 6b1CTpo 06secn1 83mR,Q,OM (K8KOe-J1.
MeCTO) ...

21
lead (sb/sth) back (vadv, v n adv)
1 BeCTM (koro-II.) Ha3aA. B 06paTHOM HsnpaBJ1eHMM ...
. CTWlHCTH'leCKIUI WlH .neTaJlH3HPYIOWaJI nepeBo.n
nOMeTa B KpyrnbIX cK06KaX H K)'pCHBOM; HanpHMep:
look back
(v adv) OrnRAblB8TbCR H83aJ1. (s npflMoM H nepeHOCHoM
cMblcne); OOpawaTbCR I( npownoM}' ...
hold (sb/sth) back
1 (v adv, v n adv) YAepJICMB8Tb, CAepJICIiIB8Tb koro-n./
"ITO-n. (aT J].BH)I(eHHR, J].eHcTBHfI, nocrynKa H 7:n.);
CAep>KIilBaTbCR (OT '1ero-n.) ...
. JlOnOJlHHTeJlbHble rpaMMaTH'fecKHe CBe.neHHJI B yr-
nOBblX CK06KaX MeJIKHM WPH$roM; npH 3TOM pyc-
CKHe cnOBa npHBO.llJITCJI npJlMbiM Wpll$rOM, a aH-
rnHlkKHe - K)'pCHBOM, HanpHMep:
dream of sb /8th
3 P83r. nOMblWI1RTb 0 "IeM-II., paCC"IliITbiBaTb H8 'fT0-J1.
TonbKO s OTPMTenbHblX npeD./10)l(eHHAX co cnosaMM could.
would» ...
. npe.lL1JO)KeHHe KypCHBOM Ha aHrmdkKOM Jl3b1Ke,
WUlIOCTpHpYlOwee HCnOJlb30BaHHe 4Ipa30BOro rna-

22
ro.na C .naHHblM 3H8'1eHHeM (npH :noM caMH cPpa-
30Bble rnaronbl nHwyrcJl Bbl.ll.eJleHHblM WPH4m>M);
npH He06xOllHMOCTH llalOTCJI B8pHaHTbI npell-
nO>KeHHJI B KPyrnblx CK06K8X (HHor.na C BBOllHblM
COI030M or);" nepell aHfnHRcKHM npelUlO>KeHHeM
BCern8 CTaBHTCJI BbIJleneHHblM WPH(}>TOM 3Ha'lOK
... B cepe.llHHe BbiCOTbi CTpoKH;
. PYCCKHR nepeBOll npellJlO>KeHHJI npJlMbiM WpHcP-
TOM; npellBapJleTCJI 3H8'1KOM .0.; npH He06xo-
llHMOCTH llalOTCJI oapH8HTbJ nepeBolla B KpyfnblX
cK06Kax (HHor1l8 C BBOllHblM COI030M .unu.): Ha-
npHMep:
get (sb) around/round (to sb/sth)
2 (v n adv, v n adv pr) yOeAI-1Tb KorO-11. (B 'IeM-11.);
yroBopMTb 1C0ro-11. .;{06b104HO Simple Tenses . I hope to
gel him round (10 my idea). () HaAelOCb yOeAKTb ero (B
CBoe MAee).
. CCbInKa BbilleneHHblM lllPHcPTOM KypCHBOM Ha
llpyroH cPpa30BblH rnaron, conpoBO)I(.llaeMaJi cTpen-
KoR lUIJi CHHOHHMOB HnH aHTOHHMOB, WlH 3HaKOM
paBeHCTBa lUIH HlleHTH'IHoro 3Ha'leHHJI, HanpHMep:
knock sb back
... OOOW11OCb? => sel bad

23
invite sb round
() = invite in/over/round
2.3. .llnJl HeKOTOpblX 3H8'leHHH C KpaCHOH C1'poKH
nocne CHMBon8 *D. npHBOlUlTCJI npJlMOC npoH3BODHoe
or $pa30BOro rnar0Jl8 cnoBO BbUIeJJeHHblM mpH$roM
KypCHBOM; HH)f(e C HOBOH CTpoKH npHB01UffCJI B KBall-
paTHblX CK06KaX CHMBOJI 'laCTH pe'lH - (n} .MJI cy-
meCTBHTenbHoro H [adj] .MJI npHJlaraTeJlbHOrO, 3IlTeM
3Ha'leHHe 3TOro CJlOBa Ha PYCCKOM Jl3blKe, CHMBOJ1 ...,
npHMep 8HrJIHikKOro npe.MO)f(eHHJI, CHMBOJI .0.,
PYCCKHH nepeBO.D.. npH HaJJH'lHH 06paTHoro - HHBep-
CHOro npo}l3BOllHOro CJlOBa, OHO TalOKe.3IlnHCblBaeTCJI
C HOBO" CTpoKH, HO nocne CHMBOJla .-.. B 3TOM CJlY-
'18e Danee C HOBOH CTpoK}I npHBODHTCSI TOnbKO CHMBOJI
'1aCTH pe'lH (BKJ1IO'ICUI Ha 3TOT p83}1 [V).MJI rJIarona) H
3Ha'leHHe cnOBa Ha PYCCKOM Jl3blKe 003 npHMepa Ha
aHrnHikKOM. TOJIKOBaH}lJI npoH3BO.D.HbIX cnOB TalOKe
MOryT COnpOBO}l(ll;8TbCJI pa3JJH'IHbIMH YKa33HHblM}I
Bblme nOMeT8MH, H8npHMep:
take (sb/sth) over (sth) [HMeeT n H inv]
1 (vnadv)...
- overtake
[v]1I0rOHTb,HaBepcTBaTb:neperoHATb
[n] O(jroH
3 (vadv n)...

24
D take-over
(n) nepeBopOT, 3axBaT BnaCTI1 . This smlJlI firm will
soon become a subject of take-over. 0 ara MaJleHbK8S1
ct>l1pMa CKOpo CTaHeT 06beKTOM CMeHbI BnaCTI1.
- overtake
(v) 3acTHrHyrb (spacnnox)
2.4. nacne BCex JHa'lCHIiH ,l1ml HeKOTopblX c1>pa-
30BblX rnarOJlOB C KpaCHOH CTpOKH nacne CHMBOJla «-,.
npIlBOD.HTCH npHMblM BbllIeneHHblM WPH$roM HD.HO-
MaTH'lCCKOe BblpIDKeHHe, HMeKHuee.B CBOeM COCTaBe
D.aHHbIH c1>paJOBblH maron. C HOBO" crpOKH D.aJIee 38-
nHCblBaCTCH rpaMMaTH'leCKHH KOD., COOTBeTCTBylOU\liH
<!JpaJOBOMY rJIaro.ny B .Il3HHOM BblpIDKeHHH, H .nanee
npHBO.DJITCH Te }ICe CBCD.eHHH, '1TO H lIJlH OTD.enbHblX
JHa'leHHH c1>paJOBoro rnarona (nOMCTbI, JHa'leHHC Ha
PYCCKOM HJbIKe, aHrJIHHCKHH npHMep H PYCCKHH ne-
peBOD.), HanpHMep:
think about sb I sth (v pr)
1 ...
2...
· think twice (about 5th)
(v pr) xopowo nOD.YMaTb (npeJKAe, 'ieM c.o.enaTb'iTO-n.),
nOAYMaTb ABWKAbi (npeJKAe, 'ieM CAenaTb 'iTO-n.)
..;{ 'faCTO 38 8TI1M Bblp3JKeHMBM CJle,[\yeT before doing 8th 
.1'd like to think twice (about the cOn/ract) before sign-

25
ing it. 0 MHe Obi XOTel1OCb xopowo nOAYMaTb (0
1C0HTpaKTe) npe>K,Q,e, '1eM nOAm1caTb ero.
B 3aKJIJO'leHHe OTMeTHM, '1TO B KOHLle CnOBapJl
npHBelleH «nepe'leHb 6a30BblX rnaronoB, BOllIe.nUIHX B
CJlOuapM. B «nepeIJHe.... npHBO.nHTCJI T}>aHCKpHnUHJ\
rnarOlJOB, a TalOKe ctx>PMbI Past Simple H Past Paniciple
llIIJI HenpaBHJlbHblX rnarolJOB.
3, nOMCK H806xOAMMorO tl»pa3OBOfO m8ron8
Qro6b1 HaltTH B cnOBape Heo6xo.nHMbllt <l>pa30Bbllt
rnaron, cne.nYeT CHa'iana 06paTHTbCJI B «AlICpaBHTHblfi
)'Ka3aTenb Hape'lHfi H npelllIoroB. (CT». 553) H HaltTH B
HeM BTOpOIt KOMnOHeHT <l>pa30BOro rnarona. .lI.anec
06paTHTbCJI K pa311eny; )'Ka3aHHOMY B ..nepe.lHe...., H
HCK.aTb <l>pa30BbIIt rnaron no an<l>aBHTHOMY npHHUHny.

26
rpaMM8TM'tecKMe 1t0000_30BIIIX marOnOB
0603Ha'leHHJI: v - verb rnaroJl;
adv - adverb Hape'lHe;
n - noun CymCCTBHTe.1IbHOC I ;
pr - preposition npeAllor.
.llnJl HenepexOlUlltIX <»pa30BblX rnarOJlOB
(OTCyJ'CTByeT npJlMOC .nonOJlHeHHe n)
[v adv] mal'OJl + Hape'lHe
If you want to get your wa) you should
uep on 1
[v pr] rnal'OJl + npeWlor3
Hope you know of the new firm J have
founded
[v adv pr] mal'OJl + Hape'lHe + npelUlor
J can't pllt lip with him any I71()I'e
I Ha Mecre n MO}l(eT CTOJlTb MecroHMeHHe.
1 nepeBOJI. npHMepoB CM. B COOTBeTCTByK>WKX CTIlTbIIX CIIO-
BaPSl.
3 nOClle npe.l1l1ora MeT KOCBeHHoe .aonOJlHeHHe - cywecT-
BHTeJlbHoe HJ1H MecroHMeHHe (B rpaMMaTHqecKH KO.n He
BKJllO'IeHO).

27
[v n 8dv]
rv n advJ
rv adv n)
JJ.nJl nepexo,!I,IIWX «!>Pa30BbIX rnaronoB
C«!>pa30Bblit rnaron C01JeTaeTCJI C npJlMblM
JIOnOnHeHHeM - C)'lUecTBHrenbHblM HJJH
MeCTOHMeHHeM)
311ecb paBHO B03MOxofbi JIB8 sapHaHTa
nopJIllKa CJlOB (npH 3TOM neKCH'lecKoe
3Ha'leHHe He H3MeHReTCJI):
I) I'JW'OJI + llplDloe AOIIOIIIIeIIIIe (cyw,ecTBH-
reJIbHoe HIIH MeCTOHMeHHe) + BIpe'UIe
2) rnaroJl + Bapetllle + DplDloe JWQOJJIIeIIIIe
(CYUXecTBHTeJlhHoe, HO He MecTOHMeHHe)
By his words he can bring dOltln anger on him-
self (or: on bring anger down on himself)
DIaroJJ + IIpIDIoe JlODOJIIIe811e (cyuxeCTBH-
reJIbHoe HIIH MeCTOHMeHHe) + BapetDle; "PH
H3MeHeHHH TaKOro noPJl,llJ(a CJlOB neKCH'lec-
Koe 3H8'1eHHe H3MeHHTCJI.
Why is he Idcklng his little brother pbolll (HO
HeJIb3JI: ...ldcldng IIbolli his little brother)
DIaroJJ + BIIpe"IIIe + optIMoe JI()IJOJIIIe&IIe
(TonbKo cymeCTBHreJIbHoe; MecTOHMeHHe
JIOIDKHO pacnonaraTbCli MeJKIIY 6a30BblM rn8-
I"OJIOM H H8pe'lHeM; "PH H3MeHeHHH noplI.!lK8
CJlOB c CymecTBHTeJlbHblM neKCH'lecKoe 3H8-
'feHHe H3MeHHTCJI).
Don i' tell anybody that we look ill two girls (or:
...lOOk them bJ; HO Henb3Jl: no took two girls br)

28
[v n pr]
IhaI"OJl + IIpIDIOe J10110JJBe1U1e (CYWecTBHTe1Ib-
Hoe HIlH MecJOHMeHHe) + JJpe,lUIOI'.
I don  like it, if my father flus me wi", his
unpleasant look
[v n 8dv prJ TharoJI + 1IpIDIOeJ10110J111e1U1e (cymeCTBHTe1Ib-
Hoe HIlH MeCTOHMeHHe) + Bape'lile + Dpe.wIOI'.
I pill him down lIS a deaf man
cnMCOK YCnOBHblX COKPAEHMA
Ha aHmMt\cKOM Sl3b1Ke
adj (adjective)
adv (adverb)
ArnE (American English)
arE (British English)
asp (especially)
inv (inversion)
n (noun)
pi (plural)
pray (proverb)
sb (somebody)
sth (something)
- HMJI npHJIarareJlbHOC
- Hape'lMe
- aMepMKaHcKHR
aHrJlJdlcK}{R
- 6pHTaHCKJiR
aHrnMRcKHii
- OC06eHHO
- MHBepcMJI
- MMJI cywecTB}{TeJlhHOC
- MHO)l(eCTBeHHOC '1HCJlO
- nocnOBHua
- KTO-HH6YJIb
- '1TO-HM6YJIb

29
B06H.
B T. 'I.
p,p.
KOM.
KYn.
MaTeM.
Mop.
Henp.
Ot/)HLl.
nocno
np.
pa3r.
CM.
cnopT.
Cpo
T.p'.
TeX.
T.n.
wyrn.
3Bt/).
Ha pycclOM 113..18
- BOeHHblH
- B TOM 1JHCJle
- npyrne
- KOMMep'lecKHM
- KynHHapHblH
- MaTeM8THKa
- MOpcKOH
- HenpHCTOHHblH
- <><I>HuuanbHblH
- nOCJ10BHW\
- npo1Jee
- pa3fOBOpHblH
- CMOTpH
- CnOPTHBHblH
- cpaBHH
- YaK nance
- TeXHH1JecKHH
- -TOMY non;06Hoe
- wyrnHBblii
- 3*MH3M

-
1
about around of round
PA3JJ:EJI
TEMATMKA 4»PA30BblX rnArOnOB:
ABH>I<eHMe pslAOM H.\M BOKpyr, pacnpocTpaHeHMe: noceWeHHe.
03HaKOw,eHlIB, 06weHMe, COnpoBOHV.eHHe; 3860Ta M 06ecnol<O-
eHHOCTb: noMCK, H3eHHe H nepeA<l'la Ht$OpMBilHM: Boo6pa.
)KeHMe, pa3MblWIleHHe, 06c)?t<AeHMe, M3MeHeHMe MHeHM!!: Acr
nyweHHe H M36aBlleHMe; CTpeMlleHHe, aKTHBHOCTb H AOCTH>Ke-
HMe UeJ\M; 6e3ABflTellbHOCTb M 6ecI\bHOCTb: B03HMKHOBeHMe M
OKOH'I8HHe AeiilcTBMSI; M3MeHeHMe Ae{;icTBMSI; npH06peTeHMe
OnbITa;np06HMeC03H8HH!!; HanaAeHMe
admit of sth
(v pr) CXPH. AonYCIC8Tb e03MOJKHOCTb '1ero-n., OCTae-
nRTb MeeTO AnA '1ero-fl. . Her arguments admit of no
suspicions. 0 Ee AOBOAbI He OCTaBnAIOT MeeTa Hl<IlCalCl<IM
nOA03peHI<IAM. ::) allow of, permit of
allow of sth
(v pr) CX/>Hu. AonYClCaTb e03MOJKHOCTb '1ero-n., OCTae-
JlATh MeCTO AnA '1ero-fl. <O(\bI'IHO B OTPMWlTBl1bHblX npe.Q-
110)KeHMl1x}o> . Does this theory allow of possibility of the
end of the world? 0 ,lJ.onycKaeT nl<l saws TeOpl<lA
B03MOJKHOCTb ICOHLIS CBeTa? ::) admit of, permit of

31
ask (sb) about sb/sth ..
(v pro v n pr) cnpaW"'BaTb (lCorO-I1.) 0 1C0M-I1./<JeM-I1.,
HaBOA"'Tb cnpaBKM. cnpaBI1RTbCR 0 KOM-I1./<JeM-I1.
. Your friend aslred about you. 0 TeoA IJPYr CnpaWMBatI
o Te6e. . Please ask the cashier about it. 0 nO>Ka-
I1YHCTa, cnpOCM KaCCMpa 06 3TOM. = enquire about
ask around (sth)
(vadv, v pr) paccnpaWMBaTb (pa3HbIX I1IOAeA B p83HbIX
MecTax) . I had to ask around (the town) to get to your
street. 0 MHe npMWI10Cb cnpaWMBaTb I1IOAeA (no BceMY
roPOAY), <JTo6b1 Ao6paTbCR AO TBoeH YJ1MltbI.
ask sb round
(v n adv) = IIS/r over/round
be about 8th (v pr)
1 Ha<JaTb paOoTY (}')ICe), 6b1Tb 3aHRTbiM KaKoA-I1. pa-
60TOA . UvuaJ/y at eight 0 'clock he is alread)"about his
business. 0 06b1<JHO B B <JaCOB OH y>Ke 38HRT CBOMM Ae-
110M. =:> go about
2 MMeTb <JTO-I1. B Ka<JecrBe reMbi MI1M COAep>KaH"'R;
38TpaflllBaTb <JTO-I1., KacaTbCR <JerO-I1. (8 paCCKBae H
T.n.) . I couldn't understand what this film was about.
051 He nOHRJ1, 0 <JeM 3TOT 4>101J1bM.
3 6b1Tb 03860'1eHHblM, 06eCnOICOeHHblM <JeM-I1. . Don't
tell me. sonny, what your parents should be about. 0 He
Ha,o,O YICa3b1BaTb MHe, CblHOK, 0 <JeM pOAlolTel1101 AOJl)l(Hbi
6ecnOKOMTbCR.
be about/around (8th)
1 (v adv, v pr) HaxOAMTbCR rAe-l1. n0611M30Cn1, PRJJ.OM (c

32
..
..eM-II.) . 1 can't find our dog; is it somewhere about
(the house)? 0 s:I He MOry Han1 Hawy co6aKy; OHa me-
H6YAb PRAOM (c AOMOM)?
2 (v adv) MeTbCR, 6b1Tb pacnpOCTpaHeHHblM "'8
OCHOBHOM 8 KOHCTPYKUHH there is/are> . What kinds of
plants are there around in this region? 0 KaKe 8AbI
paCTeH pacnpoCTpaHeHbI 8 3TO nOlloce?
be around (sth)
1 (v adv, v pr) aKnt8HO pa60TaTb  aaHMaTb 81'1AHoe
nOIlO)l{eHl'le (8 KaKO-II. 06I1aCT) .1 hope. my favourite
actress will be around (the theatrical stage) for a long
time. 0 Ha..o.elOCb, "TO MOR 1I1061'1MaR alCTplo1ca ell\e
AOllro 6YAeT Io1rpaTb (8 TeaTpe).
2 (v adv) npl'l06peCTIo1 60raTblH onblT, .6b1Tb cKY-
weHHblM (8 T.'i. B Bonpocax ceKC8) "'TOl1bKO Perfect
Tenses> . My father has been around, he knows every-
thing! 0 Mo OTe14 - ..e1l08elC 6b1Ba11b1, OH 3HaeT 8ce!
3,4 (vadv, v pr) = be about/around
be around/round (at sth)
(vadv, v adv pr) 38XOAlo1Tb, npXOAlo1Tb (KYA8-II., K KO-
MY-II., 8 KaKOe-lI. MecTO), Ha8eUlaTb (lCorO-II.), 6b1Tb B
rocTRX (y KorO-II.) . He promised to be round at our
rehearsal. 0 OH 06eUWI nplo1TIo1 Ha Hawy penenU.IIo1IO.
 call round (at), come around/round (to)
· be round the corner (v pr)
1 6b1Tb C08ceM 6111013KO; HaCTynaTb COBceM CKOpO
. Good times are just round the corner. 0 Xopowlo1e
8peMeHa yJKe He aa ropaM.

33
2 npo£1T\11, OCTaBMTb n03a,D,M Tpy,nHbli'i 10111101 onaCHbli'i _
MOMeHT (s 6one3HH, s COpeSHOBaHHH H T.n.) . Doctor.
is he round the corner yet? 0 AOKTop, OH yJKe BHe
onacHoCTM?
beat about (for sth)
1 (v adv) MeT8TbCR, CosePW8Tb 6b1CTpble ,nBM)I(eHMSI B
pa3HbIX HanpaBJ1eHMSIX . Poor mouse beat about on the
floor trying to run away from the cat. 0 6e,nHaSi MblWKa
MeTaI13Cb no nony, nblTaSiCb y.npaTb OT KOWICM
2 (v adv pr) 6ecnolCo£1Ho MCKaTb, pa3b1CICMB8Tb '1TO-I1.
. She began beating about for the key. 0 OHa Ha'laI13
I1MXOpa,Q,O'lHO MCKaTb KJ11O'I => cast about/around/
round ifor)
· beat about the bush
(v pr) XOD,MTb BOlCpyr /JI! OK0110, BWlRTb, no,nxo,nKTb K
,neny M3,IJ,B.11eKa . Stop beating about the bush, come
straight to the point! 0 XB8TMT BMI1S1Tb, rOBopMTe npRMo!
become of sbl sth
(v pr) CI1Y'laTbCSI, npMKJ1IO'IaTbCSI C l(eM-I1'/'1eM-I1.,
Bbln8Jl,8Tb Ha '1blO-l1. ,n0111O <i('IBwe B BOnpoCTenbHblX
npeA/10JKeHMAX C BOnpOCMTenbHblMM cnOBBM what, what-
ever . Do you know what has become of that invention
J have suggested? () TbI 3HaeWb, '1TO CT8J10 C TeM
M306peTeHMeM, KOTOpoe SI npe,llJ10JKMI1?
bring sth about
1 (v n adv) 6b1Tb npM'IMHoii\ '1erO-I1., Bbl3b1sarb KaICOi'!-I1.
C11Y'Iai'i . What brought about such an allergic reac-
tion? 0 liTO Bbl388J10 TaK}'1O 8J111eprM'IecK}'1O pe8KUI'IIO?
=> come about
2 8. f. CTOJIlip

34
..
2 () noBOpa'iIolBaTb lCopa611b 101 T.n. ICpyroM . We
have to bring our bout about because it is leaking.
o HaM nplolAeTCfI nOBepHyrb Hawy 110AKy 06panlO, TaK
KaIC B HeM Te'lb. => come about, go about
bring sb around/round (to sb/sth)
1 (, v n adv pr) BeCTloI, conpoBO)KA8Tb 1C0ro-l1. (IC
1C0My-I1./'IBMy-I1.) . Bring your friend around (to our
group) one day. 0 nplolBOAIoI cBoero APyra B Hawy rpyn-
ny K,aK-HIoI6YAb. => come around / round (to), go round
(to)
2 ('LII.idIl, v n adv pr) y6eAlolTb KOro-l1. npMcoeAlolHIoITb-
CR IC CBoeMy MHeHloIlO, pa3AB11101Tb CBOIO TO'lKY 3peHMR
. We. at last, managed to bring our parents round to
consent to the marriage. 0 HaM, HalCoHeu, YA8110Cb y6e-
AHTb HaWMX pOAMTel1eM A8Tb comaclole Ha OpalC.
:=;) come around/round (to)
bring sb/sth round (to sb/sth)
1 () 1oI3MeHHTb KYPC Kopa611f1 H T.n. Ha npOTIoI-
BOn0110)l(HbiM . They had to bring the ship round. 0 111M
nplolWI1OCb 1oI3MeHIoITb KYPC KopaOI1R Ha npoTMBono-
110)l(HbiM.
2 () nplolBeCTM 1C0ro-l1. B ceOfl, B C03HaHIoIe
. I have never brought anybody round. 0 51 HIoIKOfA8
HloIlCoro He npHBOAH11 B C03HaHHe. => bring to, come
round, come to
3, 4 (, v n adv pr) = bring around/round (to)
5 (v n adv pr) H3MeHIoITb 10111101 HanpaBIoITb 6eceAY B
HYJKHOM HanpaBl1eHIoIH . He decided to bring the talking
round to the new subject. 0 OH peWMI1 nepeBecTM pa3-
rOBOp Ha HOBYIO TeM}'.

35
call (sb) about sth' .
1 (v pr) arE 3aHn'l no nOBOAY 11 HaC'teT KalCorO-11.
Ae11a . Last night 1 called about her illness but she was-
n 't at home. 0 B'iepa Be'iepOM A 3aWe11 cnpOCTb 0 ee
6011e3H, HO ee He 6b1110 AOMa.
2 (v pr, v n pr) ArnE 3BOHTb (KOMY-11.) B CBA3 C lCa-
KM-11. Ae11oM.I dared cull (you) about your debt but
you weren't in. 0 SI Ha6pa11cA xpa6pocT n03BOHTb
(Te6e) HaC\jeT TBoero A011ra, HO Te6A He 6b1110.
call round (at 5th)
(v adv, vadv pr) aaxOATb (KYA3-11.) Ha 1C0poTKoe speMA
11 no nyr, noceTTb (KaKoe-11. Mecro) . Please cull
round (al our club) this evening to make agreement
about the ra/(y. 0 DYAb Ao6p, 3aClCo'm B Haw K11y6 ce-
rOAHR se\jepOM, 'iTOObi AOroSOpTbCR 0 C11eTe.  come
around/round (to), go round (to)
care about 5b/5th
(v pr) OecnolCoTbCA 0 KOM-11'/'ieM-11. . You don't
appear to care about the poor results. 0 t(a)l(eTcA. '11'0
Tbi He O\jeHb 6ecnOKOWbCA no nOBOAY n110XOH ycnesa-
eMOCT.
carry sth about (with one)
(. v n adv pr) HOCTb (c C060H) 'iTO-11. TYA3-CIQ-
A3. Be3Ae . Why are you carrying this book about (with
you) all the time? 0 YTO TbI TaCKaeWbCA Bce BpeMA C
3TOH KHrOH?
cast about/around/round (for 5th)
(vadv, v adv pr) CT8paTbCR HaHT 11101 06AYMaTb ('iTO-11.)
2-

36
B enewlCe WIlli B 3aTPYJJ.HIIITellbHbIX OOCTORTellbCTBaX
. I was CllSting about for a proper answer in my mind
bul I couldn't find il at Ihat moment. 0  MblClleHHO
nepeOlilpall Bee saplllaHTbI, 'O"OObi HaillTIil nOAXOllRlIIiII
OTBeT, HO He HaxOAIIIII ero B TOT MOMeHT. '=' beat about
change round
(vadv) = change oller/round
change round (from 8th to 8th)
(vadv, v adv pr) 1113MeHRTbai (0 HanpaBJ/eHHH BeTPa)
. I think Ihe wind will change round to a warm quar-
ler. 0 nonaralO, 'ITO BeTep 1113MeHIIITCR Ha Tennblill.
chop about
(v adv) ps3r. MeHRTbCR, 1113MeHRTbCR . First you say you
want to go with me, then you're going to slay with father
-. please don't chop about so much. 0 CHa'iana TbI
rOBoplIIWb, 'ITO XO'ieWb noexaTb co MHOill, nOTOM Tbi
coOlllpaewbCR oCTasaTbCR e OTlIOM - OYAb AOlSp, He
MeHRiII CBoero peweHIIIR TaK 'IaCTO.
come about (v adv)
1 npolllcxoAIIITb, cnY"aTbai . How did il come about?
o KaK )l(e 3TO npolll30wnO? =:> bring about
2 1113MeHRTb HanpaBneHllle ABlII)I(eHIIIR (.tv111 Kopa(5nll '"
T.n.) . Why have they come about and are sailing
towards us? 0 nO'IeMY OHIII1II3MeHWlIII HanpaBneHllle III
nnblBYT IC HaM? => bring about, go about, put about
come around I round (to 8b/8th) (v adv, v adv pr)
1 HaBeCTIIITb (lCoro-II.), noceTIIITb (KaKOe-n. MacTO)
(061)1'1HO B npe,Qenax O,QHoro HsceneHHoro nYHKTa)

37
. How soon Can a doctor come round to our flat? . '
<> KorAa AOKTOP CMO>KeT 3a£\TIII e Hawy KBapnlpy?
 call round (at), go round (to)
2 cornaCIIITbCSI HaKOHe (c ApyrlllM MHeHllleM), 1113-
MeHIIITb ceolO n03111lU'(1O (e nOllb3Y ..ero-ll.) . He came
round to another way of thinking. <> OH CTaTI AYMaTb no-
IIIHOMY.  bring around/round (to)
come of sb I sth (v pr)
1,2=comefrom/of
come round (v adv)
1 peryllRpHO npolllcxOAlIITb, c11Y'IaTbCR . This strange"
occurrence comes round very often. <> aTO CTp8HHoe
RBneHllle npolllcxoAIliT O'teHb ..aCTO.
2 nplIIXOAIIITb B C03HaHllle, B ceOR . We were waitingfor
him to come round. <> Mbi >KA!iI1111, no!C8 OH O"HeTCR.
 come to, bring round (to)
3 BHOBb 06peCTIII xopowee Ol11.Yl11.eHllle, nO'fyBCTBOBaTb
ce6R yeepeHHee (nocne CCOpbl, HenpIllRTHOCTIII),
yna.tJ.IIITbCR . He is upset for some reason, but J am sure
he'll soon come round. <> OH paCCTpoeH no..eMY-TO, HO
R yeepeH, OH CKOpo noeeceneeT.
come round to sth
(v adv pr) AOCTJol..b onpeAelleHHoro pe3Y1lbTaTa nOCl1e
HenpeABMAeHHOM 38Aep>KKM; nplllCT)'nlllTb K ..eMY-ll.
10111101 I( !C8I(OMY-ll. AeMcT811110 nocne ero OTK1l8AblBaHIIIR
<{nocl1e npeA110r3 to 'I8CTO Mcn011b3yeTCSI ing-<J>opMa gerund;
06bl'lHO B oTpHTellbHblx npeA110JICeHMIIX MIIM C H8pe"MIIMM
finally, at fast, eventually> . Only on Sunday he could
finally come round to writing the letter. <> TOllbKO e

38
..
BOCKpeCeHbe OH CMOr, HaKOHeu, nplilCTynliITb IC nIilCbMY.
::) get around/round 10
crash about/around (8th)
(v adv, v pr) 6eraTb, ,nBlilraTbCSI WYMHO (BOKpyr IiIIlIiI
01C01lO KaKOro-ll. MeCTa) (3aaeBaR WlH Ct5HS8R 'fro-n.)
. What on earth is she doing, crashing around (that
room) like that? 0 '-fTO 3TO, B KOHue KOHUOB, OHa (e TO£\
1C0MHaTe) ,nellaeT TalC WYMHO?
· crash about one's ears
(v pr) nOTepneTb KP8X, PYWIiITbCSl (0 nn8H8X H r.n.)
..;('I3CTO B cj)opMe come crashing}> . When he suddenv
realizecl it, - everything came crashing about his ears.
o Kor,na OH B.npyr OC03Han 3TO, Bce CTano eanlilTbCSI y
Hero 1i13 PYIC. = fall about one's ears
crowd round (sb)
(v adv, v pr) 06pa30Bl>leaTb 60llbWYlO rpynny, - TOllny
(BOKpyr KorO-I1.) . People in a short lime crowded
round (Ihe hawker). 0 3a KopOTKoe BpeMR 1l1O,n1il CTOIl-
nlillllilCb BOKpyr (YIlIiI'lHOro ToproBua).
cry about! over 8th
(v pr) nllaKaTb no nOBO,ny '1erO-Il., ropeeaTb 0 '1eM-Il.
. There is nOlhing 10 cry about, he '// soon come back.
o HeT nplil'lIilH ,/J,11R CIle3, OH CKOPO BepHeTCSI.
do 5th about 5th
(v n pr) pa3r. npe.nnplilHIiIMaTb KaKlile-ll. .D.e£\CTBIiISI, '1T061>1
npeo.D.OlleTb 'ITO-Il., peWIiITb'lTO-Il. . We'll have to do
somelhillg about his behm'iour. 0 HaM nplil.D.eTCSI '1TO-
H1oI6y.D.b npe.nnplolHSlTb no nOBO.D.Y ero nOBe.D.BHIiISI.


39
dream about/of sb/sth (v pr) ..
1 BIilAeTb BO CHe 1C0ro-I1,/'!TO-I1. . Can you imagine who
1 dreamt about last night? 0 Tbi MO)l(eWb npeAcT8BIIITb,
KOro SI BIIIAefl BO CHe npoWf1YIO HO'lb?
2 Me'lT8Tb 0 KOM-I1./'IeM-fl. . He never stopped dream-
ing about the sky. 0 OH HIIIKor,Q,a He nepeCT8B811 Me'lT8Tb
o He6e. . She dreams about breaking her last year's
record. 0 OH8 Me'lTaeT n06111Tb CBoiil npowl1oroAHllliiI
peICOPA.
dream of sb/sth
1, 2 = dream about/of
3 pasr. nOMblWfll'ITb 0 'IeM-fl., paCC'llllTbiBaTb H8 '!TO-I1.
.;;{TonbKo B OTPi'lWiTenbHblX npeA/10)l(eHMAX co CnOB8MM could,
would . I couldn't dream of getting an excellent mark
for history. 0 SI He Mor paCC'IIIITbiBaTb nOI1Y'IIIITb nl'lTepKY
no IIICTOpllllll.
4 npeAcT8BIIITb, Boo6pa3111Tb 'ITO-fl. . Nobody could
dream of such a nice way things came out. 0 HIilKTO He
Mor III npeACT8BIIITb cOOe TaKoro 611aronpllll'lTHoro CTe-
'IeHIIII'I 06CTOI'ITel1bCTB.
ease sb of sth (v n pr)
1 11136aBIIITb KOro-l1. C!T 'Iero-fl. HenplllSlTHoro; 06f1er-
'IHTb'lTO-fl. KOMY-I1. . I hope this medicine will ease my
father of his disease. 0 Ha.aelOcb, 3TO fleKapCIBo 11136a-
BIilT Moero OTl OT ero 6011e3HIII.
2 wyrn. CT8U»-1Tb, YKPaCTb 'ITO-fl. y 1C0ro-fl. .1 am sure
somebody will ease her of that diamond. 0 YBepaH, 'ITO
KTO-HIII6YAb CTaU»-1T Y Hee TOT 6plllfll1l11aHT.

--- 40
.. enquire about sb/sth
(v pr) HaBO.Q.HTb cnpaBKH. cnpaBJ1RTbCSI 0 KOM-n./'ieM-n.
. Where could I enquire about the weather? 0 r.Q.e SI
CMor 6b1 nonY'iHTb HHct>opMaLlHIO 0 MeTO.Q.e? :::> ask
about
face (sb) about (uMeeTCR n U inv]
1 (v adv, v n adv) AmE 8oeH. nOBOpa'iHBaTbCR KpyroM;
,D.8Tb KOMy-n. KOMaH.Q.y nOBepHyrbCSI KpyroM oObl'iHO
Simple Tenses'" . The soldiers were /Old to face about. 0
Conp,aTaM npHK83anH nOBepHyrbcR KpyrOM.. The offi-
cer faced them about. 0 Q4>HLlep npHK83M HM nOBep-
HyrbCSllCpyrOM. :::> turn about, turn arountVround
D face-about
[n] nOBopoT KpyroM . The soldiers were ordered to per-
form a face-about. 0 Co11,O,8TaM npHK8aanH BbinonHHTb
nOBopOT KpyrOM.
- about-face
[v] nOBepHyrbCSIlCpyroM
[n) nOBopOT ICpyroM
2 (v adv) cOBepwHTb pe3KH"'. nOBopOT, BHeaanHoe
H3MeHeHHe (8 nonUTHKe. 8 MHeHUU. s nnaH8X U T.n.)
. He faced about and we could consider him a betray-
er. 0 OH H3MeHHn CBOIO n03HLII'IIO, H Mbi MornH C'iHTaTb
ero npe.Q.aTeneM.
- about-face
[v] pe31C0 H3MeHHTb n03HLII'IIO, nOnHTHKY. COeepWHTb
pe3KH'" nOBopOT (s nOnUTJ;fKe. 8 nnaH8X U T.n.)
[n] BHe3anHOB H nonHoe H3MBHeHHB, pe3KHA nOBopOT
(8 nonUTHKe, B nnaH8X H T.n.)

41
fall about (v adv) ..
 ABHraTbCSI HeYIU1IO>Ke, waT8RCb . What s happened
with you. why are you flllling about? 0 TO C To6oA crry-
'WI110Cb, nO'4eMY TeOR w8rneT'?
2 pa3r. Oe3YAep>KHO CMeRTbCfl; nOKaTbiBaTbCSl, naA8Tb
co CMexy -<("aCTO McnOI1b3y&TC!I C l1OCIIe,QytOlW\M laughing
MI1M with lBU(Jhter); . Everybody justfell about (laughing)
but me. Bce npacTo n8A8/1H co cMexy; HO T011bKO He R.
· fall about one's ears
(v pr) = crash about one\" ears
foo.about/around (with sb/sth)
(v adv, v adv pr) Aypa'4KTbCR, B811RTb AypaK8. nonyC1y
'TpaTHTb BpeMR; HeCepbe3HO OTHOCHTbCR K '4eMY-11.
. Why are you ignoring my warning not to fool about
(with a knife)? 0 nO'4eMY Tbi HrHopMpyeWb Moe npe-
Aynpe>K,O,eHHe He 08110BaTbCR (c HO>KOM)? =:> play
about/around (with)
fuck sb about I around Henp.
1 (v adv) B811RTb AypaK8, myno H Oe3OTBeTCTBeHHO
BeeTH ce6R, 6HTb OBK/1YWH . When is he going to stop
fucking around and get down to the homework?
o Korp,a OH coOHpaeTcR npel<paTMTb B811RTb AYP8K8 M
npHCTYJ1HTb K AOM8WHeMY 38A8HMIO? => IfIUS abo",/
around
2 () Aypa'4HTb 1C0rO-11., BOAmb 1C0rO-11. 38 HOC
. Don't fucA the boss around otherwise you'll get into
hot water. 0 He AP83HH H8'4811bCTBO, 8 TO nOnaAewb B
OeAY. =:) mess about/around (wilh)

42
_ gaze around/round (one) (at sb/sth)
(v adv, v pr, v adv pr) OCMaTpMBaTb MI1M pa3f11RAb1SaTb
sOKpyr (ce6S1) (lCoro-I1'/'ITO-I1.) S Yl1HSJ1eHMM, BOCXMLUe-
HMM MI1M M3YMI1eHMM . Children gaud Mound (them).
o AeTM C Yl1HB11eHMeM 03MpanMcb SOKPYr. . The engi-
neers gaud around in delight III what they had con-
structed. 0 IiIH>KeHepbl C SOCXMl4eHMeM pa3rI1RAb1Ba11M
see, 'ITO OHM CKOHCTPYMpOBaJ1M.
get about/around/round (vadv)
1 I..U1PKYI1MposaTb, pacnpOCTpaHSlTbCSI . There was
absolutely no truth in the rumour which got Mound. 0 B
3TIIIX ryJ1SlIOUlIiIX CI1YXax He Obll10 HIIICKOl1blCO npaBAb'.
 go Ilbout, go around/round, pUlaboul
2 CBOOOAHO nepe.lJ,SMraTbCSI, nyreweCTBOBaTb . Its
easy in this city to gelaboul by bus. 0 STOT ropol!, Sbi
l1erKO MO>KeTe OOb8X8Tb Ha aBToOyce.  go aboul, go
Mound/round
get around
(v adv) nYTeweCTsosaTb, e3l1HTb S pa3Hble MeCTa
(OC06eHHO B CBR3H C pa60ToliI) . He has to get around
a lotIo do work for this jirm. 0 EMY npIllXOl1HTCSI MHoro
e3.1J,MTb, 'ITOObi SbinOflHSlTb paOoTY AnSI 3T0i1 <J>MPMbI.
get (sb around/round sb/sth
1 (v pr) nepe,D,BMraTbCR I11I1M nyreweCTSOBaTb no Iea-
KOMY-I1. MeCTY MI1M sOKpyr leaKOrO-I1. MeCTa . The
quickest way to get round the city is by the under-
ground. 0 CaMoe OblCTpoe Cpe.lJ,CTSO OOb8XaTb ropo.lJ,
- 3T0 MeyPO. . How many horses got round the
course? 0 CICOl1b1CO 110waa,eM npeO.lJ,Ol1el1M l1HCT8HI..U1IO?

43
2 (v n pr) 06ecne'i"'Tb 1C0My-n. nepe,QB...",eH...e, AOBe3T... ..
...n... AOCTaB...Tb 1C0ro-n. .110 1C0Hl.Ia Mapwpyra ...n... B
1C0Heu ropon,a . A taxi will get you round the city faster.
o Ha TalCCII1 Bbi npoe,QeTe 'iepe3 ropoA 6b1CTpee.
3 (v pr) P83r. A06...TbCfI 'ibero-n. AOBep"'A ...n... pac-
nono",eH"'A C onpe,QeneHHoH uenblO III He 6e3 X"'YPOCT'"
. He seems to have got round her all right. She speaks
only about him. Q KaxeTcA, OH ee Hennoxo ol(pyr...n.
OHa rOBop"'T TOnbl(O 0 HeM.
4 (v pr) 3Hepr"''iHO OpaTbCR 3a 'iTO-n., npeOAOneBaTb
Tpy,QHOCTI1 ... T.n. . 1 think. there is no way of getting
round the difficulty of solving that problem. 0 AYMalO,
Henb3R npeOAoneTb TPYAHOCTb B peweH...... 3TOilt
33,Qa'i....
get (sb) around/round (to sb/sth)
1 (vadv pro v n adv pr) HaBe(l4aTb, noce(l4aTb I(oro-n.;
npll1eoA...Tb Koro-n. K 1C0My-n. . Are you going to get
round to our school? 0 Bbi co6111paeTecb 3ailtrn B Hawy
wlCony? . You must get your friend round to us. 0 Tbi
Aon",eH npMBecrn ceoero APyra I( HaM.
2 (v n adv, v n adv pr) y6e,Qll1Tb I(oro-n. (e 'ieM-n.);
yroeoplI1Tb 1C0ro-n. <lOI5b1'1HO Simple Tenses). .1 hope to
get him round (to my idea), 0 Ha,o,elOcb y()e,Qll1Tb ero (e
cBoeilt lI1.Qee).
get around / round to sth
(v adv pr) 3aHATbCA, HaICOHelt. "IeM-n., np",CTYnMTb K
lCalCoMy-n. Aeny (O{5b1'1HO noclle 3B.QSPJl1CKH) <lnocne
npeA/1ora to 'IBCTO HCnOnb3yeTcA Ing-cIIopMa peNnel; ol5b1'fHO
B OTpHTenbHblX npeA/lO)I(eHMAX HnH C H3pe'lHAMH finally. at
last. eventually). . When I finally got round to washing

44
...
up, she kissed me. 0 KorAl! A, HaKOHelt. 3aHAnCA MbiTbeM
nocy.o.bI, 0H3 nOltenosana MeHA. => come round to
get (sb) round (sb/sth)
1 (v adv, v pr) cnopT. ycnewHo 3aICOH'MTb Mapwpyr,
'O'IIICTaHL\....IO, IIIcnblTaH....e .... T.n. (38 onpeAeneHHoe
speMfl MnM C OnpeJleneHHblM pe3ynbT8TOM) . He gol
round (the first lap) in sixty seconds. 0 OH 0.0.00011
AIIICTaHLU110 (W7M: ...nepBblM,lCpyr) 3a 60 ceKYH.o..
2 (v pr) 10136eJK8Tb, o60ihM 'ITO-I1. (38KOH, np8B/ofnO /of
T.n.) . How could he get round tax laws? 0 KaIC OH CMor
060MTIII H8J1oroBbie 3aICOHbI?
3,4 (v adv) = get about/lUOund/round
5, 6, 7 (v pr) = gellUound/round
8 (v n pr) = gel tlround/round
D (v n adv) = gellUound/round (10)
· get (sb) round the table
(v pr, v n pr) (y6e.o.I/ITb ABe Ii1I1H 6011bUJe CnOpRllI.
rpynnbl) cecTb 3a CTon neperOBopOB PJ1R .o.OCTlII)I(eHHR
cornaCIIIR HnH Bblpa60TKIII eAHHoro peweHHR . What we
all want is to get (the two sides) round Ihe Itlble and to
talk. 0 Bee Mbi XOTMM O.AHoro - cecTb 3a CTon (HnH: ...
- CBeCTM ol5e CTOPOHblPJ1R) neperoBopoB.
glance round (sth)
(v adv, v pr) 6b1CTpO OI5BeCTlII B3rnRAOM (KaKoe-n.
MecTo). She walked into the room and gllUlced round
(it). 0 OH8 Bowna B 1C0MHa1Y III 6b1CTpo OCMOTpena ea.
go about (sth)
1 (v pr) B3RTbCR 3a KaKoe-11. .o.eno, 3aHRTbCR 'IeM-11.,
nplllH....MaTbCR 3a 'ITO-n. . He didn't know how to go

45
about building a boat. 0 OH He 3Han, KaIC nO.D.CTynMTbCfI _ "
IC CTpo1TenbCTBY nO.D.ICIil. => set about
2 (v pr) 6b1Tb 38HflTbiM CBOIIIMIil .D.e1l8MIII, npo,a.on)JCaTb
BbinOnHflTb 00010 paOOTy . She went about her work
with energy. 0 OHa 3Heprlll'iHO 38HIIIMa.naCb CBOIIIMI4
,a.enaMM. => be about
3 (v adv) 1113MeHIIITb HanpaBJ1BHllle ,a.BlII)I(eHIIIR (KOpa6nR
H T. n.) no OTHOweHllllO IC BeTPY . To sail forward against
the wind. we had to go about. 0 LfTOObi nnbITb Bnepe.D.
npOT\.1B BeTpa, HaM nplllwnOCb CMeHIIITb KYPC. => bring
about, come about, put about
· go about one's business
(v pr) ptJ3r. 38HIIIMaTbCfI CBOIilM .D.enOM, He BMeWMBa
B 'iY'Klile ,a.ena . J had to tell him to go about his busi-
ness. 0 MHe nplllwnOCb CKa38Tb eMY - nyCTb He cyeT
HOC He B CBOIII .I1ena.
go about/around/round (5th)
1 (v adv) XO.l1I'1Tb T)'p,a-CIOp,a (npoH3S0JUI 'I8me He-
)l(enBrenbHble .Qeiic1"sHR), paCXUI'lBaTb. Bpal48TbCSI (s
ot5LJ.lecTse, epe.Qe .QJJY3eii H T.n.), CnoHS1TbCfI, 3HaTbCSI
(e KeM-n.) "''IaCTO c nocne.a\'lOUU'lM rnarOOOM B ing-4KJpMe
Present Partic;ple . He goes about in a Rolls. 0 OH
pa3be3)KaeT B "po11J1c-poce". . Why do you go round
telling everybody about our deal? 0 3a'ieM TbI Be3JJ.e III
BceM paCCKa3b1BaeWb 0 HaweM .I10rOBope? => get
about/around/round -
2 (vadv, v pr) UHPKYnlllpOBaTb (0 cnyxax) (no ropo.l1Y 1'1
T.n.), 6bITb B oOpaaueHl'I1il (0 .QeHbI"ax), pacnpocTpa-
HRTbCfI (no .KalCo-n. MeCTHOCTM III T.n.) . The rumour is
going round (the town) that John and Mary are getting

46
-
divorced. () XOAHT cnyx (no ropoAY), '1TO A*OH H M3PH
pa3BOAS'ITCR. => get about/arou"d/round. put about
go about/around/round (with sb)
(vadv. v adv pr) 06TbCR (c KeM-n.), BCTpe'laTbCR (c
lCeM-n.), nOCTOAHHO 6b1Tb BMeCTe (c lCeM-fl.), YXa>KH-
BaTb (33 KeM-fl.) <HHOrlU\ COnpOBOJIC,QSerCA Hspe'lHeM
together> . She s going about with my son. () OHa
BCTpe'laeTCA (<<rynReT") C MOHM CblHOM. . They seldom
went about (together). () OHH peAKO 6b1J1H BMeCTe.
=:) AnocA about/around (with), take around/round
(with)
go round (sth) [MMeeTCfI n]
1 (vadv, v pr) XOAHTb HflH e3J1,HTb no oKpaHHe ('1ero-n.),
Ae118Tb KplOK BOICPyr ('1ero-n.) . Go round (the garden),
thre is no way here. () IiIAHTe BOlCpyr (CSAa), 3AeCb HeT
AoporH.
2 (v adv, v pr) 060i.1TH (lCaKoe-n. MeCTo) BHyrpH B enRX
oCMOTpa . Would you like to go round (the flal)? () Bbi
6b1 He XOTenH OCMOTpeTb lCeapTHpy? =:) take round
3 (v adv) HATH ICpyrOM, ICpyJKHTbCA IiUlH K83aTbCR KPy-
)l(aUlJilMCA . I can 'I undersland why my head is going
round all Ihe morning. 0 51 He MOry nOHATb, nO'feMY Y
MeHA ronoea Bce yrpo KpyJKHTCA.
4 (v adv, v pr) xeaTaTb Ha Bcex, 6b1Tb AOCTaTO'lHblM (AlIA
K8KOi.1-Il. rpynnbl nlOAeM) . There should be. tmough
soup 10 go round (the whole family). () Cyna AOIl)l(HO
XeaTHTb (Ha BCIO ceMblO).
5,6 (vadv) = go about/around/round

47
.. go-round _
[n] pa3r: Kapycenb . There were all kinds of go-roullds
in the park. 0 B naplCe 6b1110 MHO)l(eCTBO BCAKHX
I(8pycene'i.
go round (to sb)
(v adv, v aclv pr) npHXOAHTb B rOCTH (K KOMY-n.) 38-
npOCTO, 38XO,D.lo1Tb, HaBeUl8Tb (lCoro-n.) . J want to go
roulld and see you. 0 SI XO'IY 38mH nOBHAaTb TetiA.
. Let's go round to him. 0 nOWnH K HeMY B rocTIiI.
 be around/round (aI), bring around/round (to),
ea/I round (at), come around/round (to)
go round (whh sb)
(vadv, v adv pr) = go about/around/round (with)
hang about/around (sth)
(v adv, v pr) pa3r: cnOHATbCA, 60maTbCA B t583AeJ1be,
aOWHBaTbCA" . There are some people hanging lU'ound
(the door) and demanding to speak to you. 0 TaM I(8ICHe-
TO J1IOAIo1 t5pOAIIT (y ABeplo1) H npoCSJTCA nOrOBOplolTb C
T060. =:> sticlc about/around, wait about/around
hear (sth) about (sb/sth)
(v pr, v n pr) Y3H8Tb ('1TO-J1.) 0 KOM-J1.!'1eM-n.; nOJ1Y'1HTb
(KatcyK>-J1.) HH4>OPMaI.4HIO 0 KOM-I1./'1eM-I1. <e Ka'lBCTB8
npSlMOro ,nononHBHMSI B OCHOBHOM Mcnonb3YK>TCSI B lot. B good
deal. much, little, noming, Bnythingi> . This is the doctor
we've heard (so much) about. 03'1"0 AOICTOp, 0 1C0TOpOM
Mbi (TaK MHoro) 3HaeM. ==> hear of

48
_ hear of sb/sth (v pr)
1 )'3HaTb, ycnblwaTb 0 1C0M-J1./'feM-J1.; MMeTb IiIH4>OP-
Ma1O 0 KOM-n./'feM-n. . He promised thaI we would
lulU' of his achievements Ihrough lelevision. 0 OH oOe-
man, 'fT0 Mbi )'3HaeM 0 ero AOCTM)KeHIiIX no rene-
BM30PY. => hear llbout
2 3H8Tb 0 KOM-n./'feM-n., 0 CYlL\eCTBOBaHIiIIiI Koro-n./
'fero-n. . Have you ever heard of the composer
Shninke? 0 Bbi KorA8-HIiI(5y.D.b cnblwanlil 0 KOMn031i1TOpe
WHlilnce?
Idle about/around (sth)
(v adv, v pr) cnOHTbC (5e3 ABJ1a (01C0J10 KaKOrO-J1.
MecTa), nBtmlMHM'f8Tb . Don'l idle llbout (the flat).
o nepecTaHbTe CJ1OH 6e3 AeJ1a (no K88PTlilpe)!
=> laze lIbout/around
Invite sb round
() = invite in/over/round
kick (sb/sth) about/around (sth)
1 (v adv, v n pr) nepe6pacblBaTb 1C0ro-n./'fT0-n. C MeCTa
Ha MecTO, nopolO 6enbHO . The boys enjoy kicking
a football lIbout (a field). 0 ManbIiIKaM AOCTaBnno
y,o,OBOJ1bCTBMB nepe6paCblBaTb 4>yr60J1bHblM MR (no
nomo). => knock llbouVaround
-2 (v adv) pa3t: HaxO,o,liITbCSI, nplilCyTCTBOBaTb, 6b1Tb
)KIiIBblM, CYlL\ecTBOBaTb <r;{06b1'1HO Continuous}> . /s he
still kicking around? 0 OH elL\e )KIiIB? => knock about/
around
3 (v adv. v pr) pa3r. OCTaBnRTb 6e3 npIilCMO"Tp8 IiInlil He-
38Me<1eHHblM (B KaKOM-n. MBCTe) ""'06b1'1HO Continuous .

49
Are these your things kicking about (the kitchen)? () STo ..
TB014 Bellt14 BallRIOTCR (Ha KYXHe)? => knock
about/around
4 (1l...ll.lI.dJl) OOpautaTbCSI C KeM-Il./'1eM-Il. nllOXO, rpy60
. Why is he kicking his little brother about? () nO'leM}'
OH TOpMOW14T CBoero M8JleHbKoro OpaTa? :::> knoele
about/around
5 (v pr) ps3r. nyreweeTBoBaTb, CTpaHCTBOB8Tb B pa3-
Hble '1aCT14 KalCoro-n. MeeTa . My uncle kicked about
Russia last year. () MOH ARAR B npownOM roAY 14CKO-
nec14n BCIO POCC14IO. :::> knock about/around
knock (5b 15th) about /around (5th)
[HMeeTCR n H adj]
1 (v n adv, v n pr) rOHRTb, TOnlCaTb, ABl4raTb 'fTo-n. Oec-
L«!nbHO B pa3HblX HanpaBlleH14RX . Let's go and knoele
a baJJ about (the field) for half an hour or so. () nown14
norOHReM MR'I (no nonlO) np14MepHO Ha nOn'laCI4ICB.
:::> kick about/around
2 (v adv) pssr. npl-lcyrCTBOB8Tb, CylltecTBOB8Tb, OblTb
>K14BblM, <OObl'lHO Continuous» .Is the same director still
knocking about there? () A TaM Bce TOT >Ke Al4peKTOp?
=> kiele about/around
3 (v adv, v pr) pa3r. OCTaBnRTb Oe3 np14CMOTpa, He3a-
Me'leHHblM (B ICBICOM-n. MecTe) <06b1'1HO Continuous»
. Are these your things knoeleing about the bedroom?
() 3TO TB014 BelUl4 pa30pocaHbI B Cn8JlbHe? => kiclt.
about/around
4 (Jl...ll..ady) oOpautaTbcSI C KeM-n.j'leM-n. nnoxo, rpy60
. He often It.nocks his wife about. () OH 'l8CTO rpy014T
CBoeH >KeHe. => It.ic/c about/around

50
.
" knocksbout
(n} rpyOoe ofipalL\eHMe . He suffers very much from his
bos S Inockabouts. 0 OH O'leHb CTpaAaeT OT npHAl'lpoK
Ha..anbHMK8.
[adj] rpy6b1M. conposO)l(,Q8IOIL\I'IACSll1P8K8MM, no6oRM&oI
. He remembered long that Inoclcabout talking with his
brother. 0 OH .nonro nOMHW1 TOT 06epHyawMACSll1P8KO
pa3rOBOp C 6paTOM.
Ii (v adv, v pr) nyrewecTBOB8Tb, CTpaHCTBOB8Tb B pa3-
HbiX MeCTax K8KoA-I1. TeppHTOp&olH . Last year my uncle
1nocud about (England). 0 MOM ,IlA.I1A B npownoM ro.ny
noe3,O.Hn (no AHrnHH).  Icicle about/around
8 (v adv) pa3r. MrpaTb, pa3Bl1eK8TbCR, BeeTM OecnyTHylO
)I(&oI3Hb; pa3b83>K8Tb (H8 'IeM-n.); 6onT8TbCA, waTaTbCR
(r,lls-n.) . Where is Jim? - I think, he Is 1noclcing
about somewhere. () r.ne A*HM? - AYMalO, 0011T8eTCSI
r.n6-HH6YAb.
" knocksbout
[n} rpyObl $1PC, .neweBoe npe.ncTaBneHMe (e nOT8-
COBK8MH, .QJ)8K8MH H T.n.); pa3B119'1eHMe . His pastime
;s a sheer knoclabout. 0 OH npOBO,w.1T BpeMR cnnOWb B
pa3Sn&feHHRX.
[adj] WYMHblM, rpy6b/M (e .QJ)8KOVt H T.n.), 6anaraHHbI
(s T.'I. 0 cneKT81C11f1X, 3penHU/8X '" T.n.) . That was no
meeting. that was just a knockabout comedy. 0 31"0 fib/-
no He co6paHMe. a KaKOA-TO l5anaraH.
knock about/around (with sb)
(v adv, v adv pr) pa3l". 'IaCTO HaxOJ1HTbCA HnH nORB-
I1RTbCR B KOMnaHMH (c KeM-n.); oOI@TbCSI. BCTpe-
'faTbCR, nocroRHHo I5b/Tb BMeCTe (c KeM-n.) <li(MHOrA3

51
COnpOBO)l(,Q3eTCIi H8pe'll1eM together» . She and Nick are ..
still knocking about together (or: She is still knoding
about with Nick). What on earth does she see in him? .
o OHa Bee eille Bc-rpe'laeTCR c HIolKOM. YTO TalCoro OHa B
HeM HaxO.l1MT?  go about/around/round (with), take
llI'ound/round (with) .
know of sb I sth
(v pr) 3HaTb 0 ICOM-Il. (npH 3TOM He 6b1Tb 3H8KOMbiM C
HHM); IoIMeTb npeAcTaaneHlole 0 '1eM-Il. . Does he know
you? - No. but he knows ofme and wants to make my
acquaintance. OOH 3H8eT BaC? - HeT, HO OH 3aeT 060
MHe H XO'leT n03HaKOMIoITbCSI co MHOii\. . Hope you
know of the new firm I have founded. 0 HBAelOCb, TbI
3HaeWb 0 HoaOH 41lo1pMe, KOTOPYIO R ocHoean,
lay about/around (sb) [HMeeTCR n)
1 (v adv, v pr) pa3r. 6101TbCR, 60poTbCR. AP8TbCSI WU1
CpmKaTbCSl C OPY>KloIeM IoInlol 6e3, a TalOKe cnOBeCHO
(<<061l0>KIoITb») . He laid about (him) with a stick to
defend himself from three men who attacked him. 0 OH
pa3MaxiolBan eo Bce CTOpoHbI nanKoA, 3a1llJlll1.\CiRCb OT
TpeX '1ellOBelC, Han8A/iIOIlIJIIX Ha Hero. . I began to lay
ahout (myself) for the permission to act on my own. 0 SI
CTan RPOCTHO A06101BaTbCR pa3peweHIoIR AeACTBOBaTb
C8MOCTORTenbHO.
2 (v adv) pa3r. neHIoITbCR, cnOHRTbCSI 6e3 Aella, 6e3-
AenbHloI'IaTb . It was so nice 10 lay about in the sun dur-
ing the holiday. 0 TalC nplolRTHo 6b1no paccna6101TbCR OT
6e3AenbR, 3arOpaR H8 COIlHl.te ao apeMR OmyCIC3.  lie
about/around/round

52
..
D layabout
(n) pa:Jr. 6e3Ael1bH1C . How could I make that layabout
work? 0 KaK R Moma 3aCTaaTb 3Toro 1Se3A8JlbHKa
pa6OTaTb?
laze about/around (8th)
(vadv, v pr) l1eHTAHWiaTb, C110HRTbCSI 6e3 Ael1a (OK0I10
KaICOro-l1. MeCTa) . All the day he just lazed about (in)
his room. 0 Becb AeHb OH npOCTO CnOHRJlCR no CBoe
1C0MHaTe.  idle about/around
learn of 8th
(v pr) Y3HaTb, YCJ1b1XaTb 0 '1eM-n. . Could YOI4, please.
learn olthe place of meeting? 0 Bbi MornH 6b1 Y3HaTb 0
MeCTe BCTpe'l?
leave 8th about/around (8th)
(in.aa-L. v n pr) HeYAa'IHO pa3nO)ICHTb Hn HeaKKYpaTHO
nOMecTHTb lCaKHe-l1. Bel.U (B KaKOM-n. MacTe) . J am
tired of gathering your toys that )'014 leave around (the
room). 0  YCTana C06HpaTb TBOH rpYWKH, KOTopble Tbi
pa36paCblBaeWb (no KOMHaTe).
lie about/around/round (8th)
1 (v adv) pa3r. l1e)ICaTb WlH CHAeTb B He6pe)ICHO n03e,
JleHH . Students were lying about on the lawn
behind the college. 0 CTy.neHTbll1eHBo pa3BaJUol11HCb Ha
ra30He n03a.o. KOnneAJl(a.  lay about/around
2 (v adv. v pr) 6b1Tb OCTaBneHHblM a.o.eCb J1101 TaM HnH
paa6pocaHHblM He6pe)ICHO (B KaKOM-I1. MeCTe): Ba-
JlRTbCR <i{aCTo IIICn0J1b3yeTCSI B KOHCTpYKJ..lllllll/eave 5th lying
Bround . Did you leave money lying around (the room)

53
for me to pick up? () Tbi A!1R MeHR OCTaBI111 AeHbrl1 6e3 ..
npl1CMOTpa (B ICOMH8Te)?
look about/around/round (sth) [.,MeeTal n]
1 (v adv, v pr) or11RAeTb KpyroM, OCMaTpl1BaTb KaKOe-l1.
MecTo, nOMeweHl1e, AOCTOnpI1Me'iaTel1bHOCTI1 . When
I'm in a strange city. I enjoy first looking roulld (it).
() Kor,na R HaxOJKyCb B 'Iy>KOM ropOAe, R 111061110 CHa'laJIa
OCMaTpl1BaTb era.  show around/round
" look around, look round
[nj OCMOTp . Please wait for me here. I'll just have a
short look roulld in that hall. () nOAO*A11 MeHR 3AeCb. R
TOl1bKO HeMHoro nOCMOTplO B TOM 3811e.
2 (v adv, v pr) OrJ1RAblB8TbCR; 3arstRAbiBaTb 38 'ITO-I1.,
KYAa-I1. . Jfyou look roulld. he'll recognIze )'OU. () Ecnl1
Tbi OrJ1RHeWbCR, OH Y3Hain Te6R. . I can't find the cat,
maybe to look roulld the looking-glass? () S! He MOry
Hal'lTI1 KOWKY, MO)KeT 3arstRHyrb 3a 3eplC8J1o?
3 (v adv) pa3AYMbiBaTb, pa3MblW/1RTb, B3BeWI1B8Tb Bce
B03MOJKHOCnI . Before making up my mind I must look
around. () npe*AB. 'iBM npl1HRTb peweHl1e, R AOnJKeH
nOpa3MblW/1RTb.
D look round
[n] OCMblCnBHl1e, OrJ1RAKa . He does everything with
some look roulld. () OH Bee Ae118eT C KaICO!i\-TO 0rJ1R,A-
ICOI'I.
make sth of sb 18th (v n pr)
1 ABnaTb, 1113roTaBnlllBaTb 'iTO-I1. 113 'iero-n. . What
material is this wall made of? () 1113 KaICOro MaTepl18J18
::ITa CTeHa CAellaHa? . J want to make this toy of paper.

54
..
not of cardboard. 0 SI XO'fy c.Ael1aTb 31)' IIIrpywJ<y 1113
OYMarn. a He 1113 kapToHa.
2 06Y'1111Tb kOro-l1. eMy-n.; CAe11aTb KorO-I1. lCeM-I1.
. I don't think it is possible to make a good expert of
him. 0 He AYMaIO, TO MO)l(HO CAe11aTb 1113 Hero XOPO-
wero cnelU'laJ1111CT8.
3 pa306paTbCSI B eM-I1.. nOHRTb TO-I1. AO KakO-I1.
CTeneHIII o(CTeneHb noHMM3HMA '!SCTO BloIpaJKaeTCA cnosaMIll
nothing, something, very/ittfe, harc1lyanyth/nQ M T.l\.}> . What
an oddlellow he is ifhe wants to make something o/this
obscure matter! 0 KalCoi1 )l(e OH '4YIJPK, eC11111 XO'leT TO-
HIllOYAb nOHSlTb B 3TOM TeMHOM Ael1e.
mess about I around
(v adv) pa3r. B811S1Tb AypalCa, naRCHIIIaTb, AypaIIITbCSI
. I am asking you to stop messing about; let me work.
o 51 npowy TeOR nepeCT8Tb UJyMeTb; 1JPi1 MHe nopa-
OOTaTb.  fuck about/around
mess (sb) about/around (with sb/sth)
1 (v adv, v adv pr) B03111TbCSI (e eM-n.) C YAOBOl1b-
CTBllleM 11111111 He6pe)l(HO, 003 IIIHTepeca . The children
were messing about (with IOYS) in the room. 0 .Aeul TO-
TO AellaJ1111 (c IIIrpYWKaMIII) B kOMHaTe.
2 (v adv pro ) par. 6e30TBeTCmeHHo 11111111 rpyOo
oOpaTbCSI C keM-I1./eM-Il.; AypaIIITb KorO-Il. . Why
are you messing about with your teeth? You'll gel
caries. 0 Tbi nO'ieMY aanycTlll1l CBOIII 3y6b1? Tak Tbi no-
J1Y"IIIWb Kapillec. . Stop messing my daughter about.
o npekparn MOpO'lIllTb rOlloay Moei1 AO'leplll.  luck
about/around

55
move (sb/sth) about/around/round ..
(v adv, v n adv) nepe,D,BMraTb, nepeCTaBnRTb, nepeBO-
3MTb (lCoro-n'/'ITO-n.) C MeeTa Ha MeeTO; nepee3J1C8Tb,
nepeXO,D,MTb C MeCTa Ha MecTO . He likes moving
around from one town to another. 0 OH mot5MT e3,(I,KTb
1013 O,D,HOro ropo,D,a B .D.PyroM. . Oh, you've moved the
fUrniture around again! 0 0, Bbi onRTb c,o,en8J1M nepe-
CTaHOBK}I Met5enM!
paSS sth around/round (sth)
(v n adv, v n pr) nepe,D,aB8Tb 'fTO-n. 1013 pyK B PYKM (B
KaKOM-n. rpynne, B K8ICOM-n. MeCTe) . They passed the
letter round (the table) for making sure of that news.
o OHM nepe,D,aB8J1M nMCbMO (no PYK8M).- 'fT0t5b1 y6e-
,l!,KTbCR B 3TOM HOBOCTM.
· pass the hat round
(v n adv) pasr. C06MpaTb .o.eHbrM, nYCKaTb wantcy no
ICpyry, YCTpoMTb coop nO>KepTBOBaHMM . They passed
round the hat to make a donation. 0 OHM C06P8J1M
.o.eHbrM, 'IT06b1 c,o,enaTb no>KepTBOBaHMe. :::) talte the
hat round
permit of sth
(v pr) ,D,aBaTb 'fTO-n., AonYCK8Tb B03MO>KHOCTb '1ero-n.
. The situation permits of no delay for decision. 0 CM-
TyallHR He AonYCK8eT 38.D,ep>KKM B peweHMM. :::) admit
of, allow of
phone around/round (sb/sth)
(v adv, v pr) 063B8HIiIBaTb no Tene$oHY (nlOAeM,
opraHIiI3811HM M T.n.) . Before buying a coat phone

56
..
around (some shops) to see where the price is not so
big. 0 npe)I(Ae, '1eM KYm1Tb nanbTO, 063BOHIII (KBKllle-
HIII6YAb) Mara3l11HbI. '1T06b1 Y3HaTb, rAe AeweBne.
=> ring 1 around/round
play about/around (with sb/sth)
(v adv. v adv pr) pa3BneKaTbCSI (BMecTe C KeM-n. IIInlil
'1eM-n.), 06palUaTbCSI nerlCOMblcneHHO (c lCeM-n./
'1eM-n.) . He stopped playing around and got married.
o OH npeKpa111n BeCTIil npa3AHYlO >K1II3Hb III >KeHlllnCSl.
. Why are you playing around with a girl too youngfor
you? 0 3a'leM TbI pa3BneKBewbCSI C AeBO'lICOH. KOTOpaS'l
cnlllWICOM IOHaR AflR Te6R? => fool about/around (wilh)
pOp around / round
(vadv) = pop along/around/down/in/over/round
pull sb I sth about / around
() rpyOo, 6eCI..I.epeMOHHO 06palUBTbCR, Tepe-
6111Tb. 1113AeBaTbCR ./f he doesn't stop pulling me about,
/'1/ call the police. 0 Ecnlll OH He nepeCTaHeT 1113Ae-
BaTbCSI Ha,D.O MHOH, R bl30BY nonlllUIilIO.
pull (sb) round
1 () 33CTaBIIITb 1C0ro-n./'iTO-n. nOMeHRTb MHe-
Hille IIInlil HanpaBneHllle ABIII>KeHIIISI Ha npOTIilBOnOnO>K-
Hoe .1 can never pull my wife round. 051 HIIIKBK He MOry
33CTaBIIITb >KeHY 1113MeHIIITb CBoe MHeHllle.
2 (v adv, !L..D.....a.ad nplllHTIil ..nlll nplilBeCTIil 1C0ro-n. B
C03HaHllle; Bblne'lIilBaTb 1C0ro-n.; nonpaBnRTbCSI (nocne
6one3HH), onpaanRTbCR (or norpflceHHR) . Hope she
will pull round after her operation. 0 Ha,D.elOCb, OHa


57
6Y,QeT Bbl3,QOpaB/IIIIBaTb nocne onepalUillil. t How did 1
you manage to pull him round? 0 KaIC BaM Y,QaJlOCb
nplilBeCTlil ero B 'IYBCTBO?
3 ( v n adv ) cnaCTIil lCoro-n./OfTo-lI. (OT onaCHOCT/iI,
Kpaxa, nop8J/CeHHR H T.n.) t How are you going to pull
the theatre round? 0 KaK BbI co6111paeTBcb nOMO'fb Te-
aTPY BCTaTb Ha Horlll? =:) pull through
push sb about / around
() pa3r. nOMblKaTb KeM-I1., TpeTHpOBaTb lCoro-n.,
HaBSl3b1BaTb 1C0MY-I1. CBOIO BOI1IO, 38nyrHBaTb 1C0rO-I1.
t Stop pushing me about! J am already not the child.
o He ,[ISBill MHe Ha M03rlll.  YJKe He M8I1eHbKlllj;;.
put (sth) about
1 (v adv, v n aclv) H3MeHIo1Tb HanpaBneHllle (lCopaOIlSi.
nO,QKIII H T.,Q.) tlfthe wind changes, you'll have to put
(the boat) about. 0 Ecnlll BeTep nepeMeHHTCSI, BaM
nplll,QeTCSI nOMeHSlTb tcypc. =:) bring about, come about,
go about
2 (v n aclv) pacnpoCTJ)aHRTb cnYXIII, MonBY, IIICTOpHlO,
HOBOCTb (CKOpee HenpHSlTH)'IO) . Who has been putting
such a funny story about? 0 KTO 3TO pacnpoCTpaHReT
TalCoj;; aHeK,QOT? =:) get about/around/round, go about
race about/around/round (sth)
(v adv, v pr) cneWIIITb, TOponlllTbCSI, rOHSlTbCR (no
KaKOMY-I1. MecTy) . You should race round (the room)
tidying before your girlfriend arrives. 0 TeOe cne,QyeT
nO,QcyeTHTbCSl, OfTOObl yOpaTbCSl (B 1C0MHaTe) nepe,Q
TeM, KaIC nplilAeT TBOR ,QeBYWKa.

58
_ read (5th) about/of sth
(v pr, v n pr} 'IHTaTb ('ITO-11.) 0 'IeM-11., SblCHmb 'ITO-Il.
'Iepe3 npo'lTeHHe . /'II certainly read (all) Ghout it. 0 SI
HenpeMeHHO npo'lTy (see) 06 3TOM.
read (sth) around/round sth
1 Iv pr) H3Y'f8Tb lJ,On011HHTellbHblj;j MaTepHan K K8Ko£l-Il.
TeMe . Only after reading around the subject I under-
stood it quite well. 0 TonbKO nooJle Toro, K8K S1 npo'lHTan
MHoro no TeMe, S1 lJ,OS011bHO XopoWO paaoOpallCSl S
3TOM.
2 Iv n pr) 'IHTaTb 'ITO-n. no O'iepelJ,H Scnyx S K8Ko£l-11.
rpynne . Before acting the .pla)\ we are reading it
round the class. 0 Mbi CHa'ianS 'IHTSeM nbecy no
O'lepe.Al1 S KJ\8cce, S nOTOM p83b1rpblSaeM ee.
read (sth) of sth
Iv pr, v n pr) = read Ghout/of
relieve sb of sb I sth (v n pr)
1 ooso60>K,l18Tb Koro-n. OT 'Iero-Jl. ITPyt{Horo, TR>Ke-
naro '" T.n.) . Why didn " you relieve your sister of this
heavy bag? 0 nO'ieMY TbI He S3S11l y csoej;j ceetpbl 31)'
TS1JICenylO cyMtt::{?
2 04JHLj. OCS060>K,l18Tb. OTCTpSHS1Tb 1C0rO-Il. OT KaKoj;j-II.
.o.ollJKHooTlol "''!aCTO Passive'};. . What will we do if our
daddy is relieved of his rank? 0 YTO Mbi 6ylJ,eM lJ,eIlSTb,
ecllH Hawero nallO'iKY IIHwaT ero 3BaHHS1?
remind sb of sb/sth (v n pr)
1 H8I10MHHaTb 1C0MY-11. 0 KOM.-11'/'IeM-11.; Bbl3b1BaTb
'ITO-11. B 'IbI1X-Il. BoonOMHHSHHS1X . Please remind me

59
of Ihe name of Ihis film. 0 HanOMHM MHe, nOJKa11yi:!CTa, _
Ha3eaHM8 3Toro (\>W1bM8. . This picture reminds me of
my childhood. 0 3Ta lCapTMH8 HanOMMHaeT MHe Moe
AeTCTBO.  call back
2 6b1Tb AlIA KorO-ll. nOXO)l(MM H8 KorO-ll./..TO-ll.;
HanOMMH8Tb KOMy-n. lCoro-n./"TO-Il. . That strange
man reminds me of Ihe photo I saw on the wall near
police slation. 0 3TOT CTpaHHbli1 ..ellooelC noxo)l( H8 Ty
<I>oTOrpa(\>MIO, "TO A BMAell Ha CTeHe y nonMltei1cKOrO
y-.8CTKa.
rlng 1 sb/sth about' around' round
(u.ad\l) 0ICpYJIC8Tb Koro-n./..TO-ll.. The teacher'sfor-
mer pupils ringed him about. 0 5b1BWMe y-.eHMIa1 OKPY-
)l(MllM cBoero Y"MTenA.
rlng 2 around 'round (sb/sth)
(v adv, v pr) neperOBopMTb no Tene<l>oHY C HBCKOllb-
IC\IIMM nIOAbMM. 063eaHMBaTb (APY3ei1, .opr8HM38IU1M M
T.n.) . Lei's discuss this problem tomorrow. I'll ring
round (our experts) to find out who is able to come.
o Aaeai1re 06cyA\IIM :ny npo(ineMY 38BTpa, fI 0(i3BOHIO
(HawMx cneIU181lMCTOB), "T06b1 BbiACHMTb. ICTO MO)l(eT
npMi1TM.  phone around/round
roll about' around
(v adv) psar. nOIC8TblB8TbCA co CMexy <..aCTO
Continuous> . / can 'I help rolling about wilh your jokes.
o fI He MOry He nOKaTblB8TbCA OT XOXOTa OT TBOMX
wyrOK.  roll in the aisles

60
_ run about/around (8th) (tlMeeTCfl n tI adj]
1 (v adv, v pr) rpaTb, pe3BTbCSI, 6eraTb (rAe-II.)
. They are running about (in) the yard like children.
o OH pe3BSlTCSI BO ABOpe, KaIC AeT.
2 (v adv, v pr) e3,AHTb Ha MaWMHe AJ1S! YAOBOl1bCTBMSI
(no KaKO-I1. MElCTHocrn). He gave me an old car. just
for running about (the town). 0 OH A811 MHe cTapbl aB-
TOMOOl1b, 'ITOObi npOCTO nOKaT8TbCS1 no ropoAY.
a runabout pa3r.
[nJ HeC5011bWO aeTOM06l1b AJ1S1 KOpOTKMX noe3AoK;
He6011bwaSi MOTopHaS! 110AJ(a . It S a good idea to buy a
cheap little runabout for bringing our children to
school and back. 0 XopowaSi MblC11b - KYflMTb M8J1eHb-
ICH AeweBbI aBToMoOlol11b, 'IT06b1 B03HTb AeTeti B
WKOny 101 06paTHO.
3 (v adv) pa3r. Beem paCnyTHYIO )l(H3Hb. You'll be sorry
that you run Ql'oulfd with that company. 0 Tbi nO)l(8-
l1eeWb, 'ITO T npoBOAWb BpeMA C 3TO 1C0MnaHMe.
o runabout runaround
[nJ npa3AHowaTalOlW1 'Iel10eelC, OpoAAra, ryl1S1Ka
. You are like a runabout, isn't it time to be serious?
o Tbi BpoAe OPO,QRrM, He nopa 11101 CT8Tb cePbB3HblM?
[adj) CKHT81OI.1.IMACR, 6pOAR'IIoIA, npa3AHOWaT8IOIW1
. Look at that runabout man, do you know him? 0 no-
CMOTJWI Ha 3TOro ryIlSIICY, TbI ero 3HaeWb?
[nJ -aarOB3pMB3HMe 3y60B", Y8J.1neaHe OT OTSeTa,
OTrOBOplCH . Don't listen to him, it's only a rutuUOund.
o He cnywaA ero, OH "aarOBapeaeT ayObI".
run (sb) round (sth)
1 (v adv, v pr) C5eraTb BOKpyr ('Iero-I1.), ICPY)I(HTb. These

61
carefree children run round (the house) all the day. _
<> 3T1o1 6e33a60THble AeTIo1 6eralOT Ltenbl AeHb BOKpyr
(AoMa).
2 (v adv, 1L.n....wbd 386eraTb, 38e3)K3Tb KYA8-n.; nOA-
Be3TI1, nOA6poclo1Tb 1C0ro-n. . When are you going to
run round to my office and to talre the pattern of cloth
away? <> KorA8 BbI c06101paeTecb 386eJKaTb B Molil 04>Io1C
101 380paTb OOp83eLt TKaHIo1? . Could you run us rOlUld
to the airport? <> BbI Mornlo1 Obi nOABe3TI1 Hac AO
83ponopTa? => run over
3 () paar. BblnonHRTb 06R38HHOCTI1 Cnyrlo1 ATlR
Koro-n., npMC1!Y*Io1BaTb KOMy-n. . I can't bear her try-
ing to run me round! <> He MOry TepneTb, 1C0rA8 OHa
nblTaeTCR YCnyJlCMTb MHe!
· run rings around I round sb
(v n pr) pasr. 38TKHYTb 38 nORC 1C0ro-n., HaMHoro one-
peAMTb Koro-n. . Be afraid of him, he will run rings
lUOund you. <> EiolilCR ero - OH TeOe He no 3Yt>aM.
see (sb) about sb/sth
1 (v n pr) pa3rOBaplo1BaTb C KeM-n. 0 KOM-n.j'leM-n., C
LtenblO nOCOBeTOBaTbCR Io1nlo1 Y3H8Tb 'ITO-n.; nOBI1A8Tb
lCoro-n. no nOBoAY'Iero-n. . Would you like to see the
driver about that accident? <> BbI Obi XOTenlo1 norOBO-
plo1Tb C BOAIo1TeneM 0 TOM CJ1Y'lae?
2 (v pr) n03a60TI1TbCR, nOAYMaTb 0 KOM-n./'IeM-n.;
npocneAlo1Tb, nplo1cMoTpeTb 3a 'IeM-n.:AOrOBOpIo1TbCR 0
'IeM-n., YAenlo1Tb BHIo1MaHlo1e 1C0My-n./'IeMy-n. . /'1/ see
about it. <> SI 3aMYCb 3TIo1M.
see (sb/sth) around (sth)
1 (v n adv) pa3r. BlotAeTb IIInlo1 BCTpe'laTb Koro-n. pe-

62
-
ryl1ApHO 06b1'1HO Simple Tenses . I used to see her
arollnd often enough last month. 0 Sf ee AOSOl1bHO '18CTO
SCTpe'l8l1 S npownoM MeCALte.
2 (v n pr, v pr) npoSOAl'lTb 11111111 nOSOAl'lTb KOrO-l1. no
KaKOMY-l1. MeCl)', COBepWIIITb nOe3AKY KY,/J,S-l1. . He
will see us around the town. 0 OH nposeAeT Hac no
ropOAY. . You have one hour to see around the town.
o Y B8C eCTb 'lac Ha OCMOTp ropo,/J,S.
see round sth
(v pr) = see over/round
set about sth (v pr)
1 S3ATbCA 38 lCalCoe-l1. Ae110 LteneHanpaBl1eHHO ..,
3Hepr"''1HO . He set about it very seriously. 0 OH O'leHb
CepbE!3HO 38HMCSI 3T..,M.  go about
2 Han8A8Tb Ha ICOrO-l1. cnoseCHO 11111.., C KYl1aKaM..,
. -How did they dare to set about you? 0 KaIC OHIII no-
CMel1111 H8nSCTb Ha B8C?
show sb around/round (sth)
(v n adv, v n pr) npoSO>K8Tb, conpoBO*AQTb KOrO-l1.
(KYA8-n.) S npoLtecce OCMOtp8 . J showed my Indian
friends round Moscow. 0 Sf n03HaKOMJIIJ1 MOIIIX "'HAI'IM-
CK..,X APY3eH C MOCKSOH.  look about/Mound/round,
see over/round
sit about/around (sb/sth)
(vadv, v pr) pacC"')I(..,saTbCA B l1eH..,SOH n03e (s lCa-
ICOM-n. MeCTe), npoc"')I(..,BaTb (rAe-n.) . We have no
time to sit about (the room) and talk nonsense. 0 HaM
HelCorn,a pacc"')I(..,saTbCSI (B KOMHaTe).., "TpenaTbCS'I.

63
smell of 8th _
Iv pr) naxHyrb, OT,Q8BaTb 'IeM-n. (8 nPflIWOIW If ne-
peHOCHOIW ClWblcne) . Why is your bag smelUng offish?
<> nO'leMY TBOSI CYMKa naxHeT pblOoA? . It smells of
spring. <> naxHeT secHoA. . Well, your matter smells of
a criminal act. <> As, Bawe IJ,ene OT,Q8eT yronoBHoA.
speak about 8b 18th
Iv pr) o6cyJ1C.Q8Tb 1C0ro-n./'ITO-n., roeoplllTb 0 KOM-n./
'IeM-n. . What are you speaking about? <> 0 'IeM 3TO Bbi
rOBOpMTe?  talle about, talle of
speak of 8b / sth (v pr)
1 rOBopMTb, ynoMMHaTb 0 KOM-n./'IeM-n. . I will be
with you if only you first speak of our idea. <> SI TeOS!
noAlJ,ep)l(y, ecnl1 TonbKO Tbi nepBblM aarOBOpl1Wb 0 Ha-
weA I1lJ,ee.
2 rOBOpl1Tb, CBI1ABTenbCTBOBaTb, ,Q8BaTb npeIJ,CT8B-
neHl1e 0 'IeM-n.; npeA/1011araTb'lTO-n. . Such relations
speak of their great friendship. <> TalCl1e OTHOWeHMS!
CBl1lJ,eTenbCT8yK>T 06 I1X OonbwoA APY'KOe.  speak
about
stand about / around
Iv adv) CTOSlTb B 6e31J,eACTBI1M, OTAblX8S1 OT He'lerO
IJ,enaTb . During the break we were standing about
smoking and talking. <> 80 BpeMSI nepepblBa Mbi CTOMM,
nOKYPMBaSlI1 p33rOBapMBaSI.
stick about/around (8th)
Iv adv, v pr) pasr. TOp'laTb, He YXO,nl1Tb, OCTaBaTbCSI
no6nM30cn'1 lOT lCaKoro-n. MeCTa) . There's nothing

64
-
else to stick around fOr. 0 '-Iero pa,lJ,loI 3tJ,ecb ellle TOp-
"IaTb?:::::> hang about/around, wait about/around
take (sb/sth) around/round (with sb/sth)
(v n adv. v n adv pr) conpOBO)lC,D,aTb KOro-l1./"ITO-l1.
Be3tJ,e . He often takes his dog round (with him) when
he goes shopping. 0 OH "IaCTO BOtJ,IoIT CBOIO c06aKY (c
c060iil). KortJ,a XOtJ,IoIT no Mara3\01HaM. :::::> go about
(with), go around/round ("'ith), knock about/around
(with)
take sb round (sth)
(v n adv. v n pr) npOBO>KaTb KOrO-l1. B nOe3,IJ,Ke 10111101
newexotJ,HOM nyrewecTBlol1ol (no lCaKOMY-l1. MeCTy).
nOKa3b1BaTb tJ,OCTonpIolMB"IaTel1bHOCT'" . Take ollr guest
round (the exhibition). 0 noxotJ,1oI C HaW"'M rOCTeM 101
. nOK/l)!('" eMY Bce (Ha BbiCTaBKe). :::::> go round
· take the hat round
(v n adv) p8sr. c06101paTb AeHbr"'. nYCT\IITb wanKY no
KPYry, YCTpololTb c60p nO)l(epTBOBaHIo1ii1 . He was seri-
OIlSV il/. therefore his colleagues 1001 round the hal to
buy special medicines. 0 OH 6b111 cepbe3HO 6011eH,
n03TOMY ero KOl1l1erlo1 C06101P3I11o1 nO)l(epTBOBaHIoIR H8
Cnel1.loI811bHblB l1BKapCTBa. :::::> pass the hal round
talk about sb I sth
(v pr) pa3rOBaplolBaTb, 06MeH"'BaTbCR MblCl1RMI'I 0
KOM-l1./"IeM-l1.. rOBOpl'lTb 0 KOM-l1./"IBM-l1. . How do
you find the subject to lalk about? 0 KalC Bbi HaxoAIoITe
TeMY ,[IJlR paaroBopa? :::::> lalle of

65
talk (sb) around/round (sth) _
1 () y6e.nIllTb Koro-n. 1113MeHIIITb CBoe MHeHl1e,
nepey6e.nI1Tb 1C0ro":n. B CBOIO nonb3y.1 don't think it is
possible to talk her round. 0 He .nYMalO, '!TO ee MOJICHO
nepey6e.nI1Tb.  talk oJJer
2 Iv pr) 11136eraTb roBOPIIITb npS!MO 0 'IeM-II., l1al5eraTb
CYllleCTaa .neIla; OI5cyJKJJ,aTb 'ITO-n., He KacaS!Cb, He
.nOXOASl .nO CYllleCTBa .neIla; XO.nI1Tb BOlCpyr JJ;J olCono;
TOIlO'lb BO.ny B c-ryne . They talked around the propos-
al for several hours. 0 OHI1 HeClConbKO 'IaCOB ol5CyJIC-
,o,an11 3TO npeW10JICeHllle. JJ;J TaK Hili .no 'Iero He .nOroBO-
plllnlllCb.
talk of sb/sth (v pr)
1 rOBOpl1Tb 0 1C0M-n./'ieM-n., OI5cyJKJJ,aTb 1C0ro-n./'ITO-n.;
pa3roaaplilBaTb, 60nTaTb 0 1C0M-n./'IeM-n. . What are
they talking of all the time? 0 0 'IeM 3TO OHIII Bce BpeMS!
TOnJ<YIOT?  speak about, talk about
2 noroBaplilBaTb, no.nYMbiBaTb ° 'ieM-n. (0 KaKU)(-n.
B03MO)KHblX eiiCTBUS1)() . They started talking of emi-
grating to Gelmany. 0 OHIII Ha'ianlll nOrOaapl1BaTb 015
3MlllrpaUI1111 B repMaHIilIO.
tell sb about sbl sth
(v n pr) COOl5llUi1Tb KOMy-n. 0 'ieM-n., JJ;JTb 1C0My-n.
IIIH<!>opMaUIilIO 0 KOM-n'/'IeM-n., paCCI<B3aTb 1C0My-n. 0
KOM-n./'ieM-n. . 1 could see something interesting. -
OK! Tell us about that. 0 MHe y.nanOCb YBI1.neTb Koo-'iTO
I1HTepeCHoe. - Xopowo! PaCCKIDKIII HaM 06 3TOM.
think about sb/sth (v pr)
1 nOJJ.YM8Tb 0 KOM-n./'ieM-n. ":OObl'jHO Continuous}>
3 B. r. CTWIJlP

66
-
t What are.you thinku.g about? 0 0 'IeM TbI.nYMaewb?
2 06.nYMbiBaTb 'ITO-n., no.nYMaTb HaA 'IeM-n. BHII/Ma-
TenbHO (nepe.Q TeM, K8K 'ITO-TO npe,Q.npHHfJTb) t Think
about what you are saying. 0 1b1 .nOroKeH .nYMaTb nepe.n
TeM, leaK rOBOpKTb. => think of
· think twice (about sth)
(v pr) Xopowo nOAYMaTb (npe)l(,D,e, 'IeM CAeJ\aTb'lTO-n.),
no.nYM8Tb .nBIDK,D,bI (npe)l(,D,e, 'IeM c.nenaTb 'no-n.)
«OjaCTO 38 3THM BblpaJKeHl1eM CJIB.AyeT before doing sth}>
. J'd like to think twice (about the contract) before sign-
ing it. 0 MHe 6b1 XOTenOCb XopOWO no.nYMaTb (0 KOH-
TpaKTe) npe)l(,D,e, 'IeM no.nnll/caTb ero.
think of sb/sth (v pr)
1 06AYMaTb, npoAYMaTb 'ITO-n. «Simple Tenses}> . Did
you think of a place for our game? 0 1b1 no.nyMa11 0
MeCTe .AT1R Hawe£1lll/rpbi?
2 TI1!8TellbHO npo.nYMaTb, paccMoTpeTb, B3BeCII/Tb
'no-n. (nepe.Q TeM, KaK npelUlpHHflTb 'ITO-n.) «OjacTo
Continuous}> . You knou: J am thinking of proposing
marriage to Nina. 0 1b1 3Haewb, R .nYMalO cAen8Tb
npe.AT1mKeHlI/e HII/He. => think about
3 npe.nCT8BnRTb 'ITO-n. (B Boo6paJKeHHH); BCnOMIi/HaTb,
npli/nOMIi/HaTb '{To-n. ..;{OjaCTO conpOBO)l(Jl3eTC!! MO,Q8l1bHblM
mar0l10M can}> .1 can't think of where I could/orget my
glasses. 0 He MOry npe.ncTaBII/Tb (Hnlll: ...BcnOMHII/Tb),
rAe R Mor 386b1Tb CBOI1 O'IKII/.
4 38.D.YMbiBaTb, npll/.nYMbiBaTb 'ITO-n. «O!5b1OjHO Simple
Tenses)io tlfyou.think ofa number. square it, add the
doubled number and add one, what will YOIl get? 0 Ecnll/
Bbi 38AYMaeTe 'Ili/cno, B03BeAeTe ero B ICB8.ApaT,

67
npJ.1(SaBJ.1Te YABOeHHOe 3a.A)'M8HHOe .... np\ll68BJ.1Te eA\II- ..
H\III.tY, 'lTO BbI nOnY'l\llTe? . How did you thi,," of the way
out of the situation? 0 KaK )ICe TbI npJ.1,AYMaJI BblXOA M3
aroro nOnO)ICeHJ.1R?  think up
5 \IIMeTb onpeAeneHHoe MHeHJ.1e 0 KOM-n./'IeM-n.;
OTHOCMTbCR onpeAeneHHblM 06pa30M IC 1C0My-n.{'Ie-
My-n. <4.Simple Tenses . I can see you don 'I think high-
Iyof my book. 0  BJ.1>KY. BbI HeBblCOKoro MHeHJ.1R 0 MoeM
KHJ.1re.
throw 5th about I around I round
1 () pa36paCblBaTb, paCKJ.1,AblBaTb'lTO-n. . He
threw paper about. 0 OH Be3Ae pa36pocan 6YMSry.
2 (v n aclv) pa3Max\llBaTb PYKaMJ.1 ....n\ll HoraM.... (Sec-
nOpRAO'lHO . It is ridiculous to throw your arms and
legs about like that. when you swim. 0 3TO CMeWHO TalC
MaxaTb pyKaM.... \II HoraM...., KorA8 Tbi nl1aBaeWb.
3 () paCKa'l....BaTb. TpACT\II . Why are you throw-
ing your head about? 0 nO'IeMY Tbi TpAceWb ronOBOM?
· throw one's money about! around
() p;J3r: (Secne'lHO ....11.... HanOKa3 TpaT\IITb, pa3-
(SpaCblBaTbCA \1111\11 COp....Tb AeHbraM...., npOMSTblS8Tb
AeHbr.... . He throws his money around for show. 0 OH
COp\IIT AeHbraM.... HanOK83.
tire of sb I sth (v pr)
1 YCTaBaTb OT KOrO-ll./'iero-ll. . You so soon tired of
doing your homework. 0 TbI O'leHb 6b1CTpO YCT81l OT
BblnOllHeH....R AOMaWHeM pa60TbI.
2 nOTepRTb ....HTepeC IC 1C0MY-1l'/'IeMy-1l.; npecblT\IITbCA
lCeM-ll'/'IeM-ll. <4.'I8CTO Passive . He tires quickly of any
3-

68
-
work J give hIm. 0 OH 6b1cTpO TepSl8T "HTepec K J1I060
pa60Te. ICOTOPYIO R eMY ASK>.  feed up (with)
,
turn (sb/sth) about [HMeeTCSl n H inv)
1 (v adv, v n adv) (3aCTaBHTb ..m.. np"Ka3aTb KOMy-n.
HnH 'IeMY-n.) 06epHyTbCR; nOBepHyTb(cR) KPyroM . To
make these cutlets well done you need to turn them
about right now. 0 YT06b1 3TM KOmeTbi 6b1J1H XOPOWO
npHrOTOBneHbI, HClAO HX nepeBepHyTb npslMO ce'Iac.
. "Turn abouI," shouted the captain to his men.
o -KpyroM", - rpoMICO CICOMaHAosan KanHTaH CBOHM
COI1,!\8TaM.  face aboul, tIlTn arou"d
- sbouttum
[v] B06H. ..KpyroM!" (KOMBH,aa)
2 (v adv) H3MeHHTb CBoe MHeHHe Ha npoTHBo-
- nonmlCHoe; nonHOCTblO nOMeHRTb CBoe OTHoweHHe,
n03HIO, B3rnRAbl . He lurned aboul and we can con-
sider him a betrayer. 0 OH H3MeHHn CBOIO n03H\o'IK>. ..
Mbi MO)l(eM C'IHTaTb ero np8A8TeneM. => face about,
lur" around
a tumabout
[n] pe3KIoIiiI nOBopOT B n03H\o'IH, B OTHoweHIoIH, B
nO,IJ,XOAe . There was a sharp turnaboul in prices last
month. 0 B npownOM MeCRe npoH30wen pe3KHiiI
CKa'lOIC eH.
- sbouttum
[n] pe3IC\o'IiiI nOBopOT B n03101H\o'I, BO MHeHHH, B nO,IJ,XOAe
turn (sb/sth) around/round (HMeeTcS! n)
1 (v adv,) (3acTaBH1'b 1C0ro-n./'iTO-n.) nOBepHyTb

69
CBO£\ nyrb Ha np0n1BOn0I10>KHbll7I, nol7lT'" "'11'" nOeX8Tb _
H33aA. We have come too far. turn (Ihe car) round and
go back 10 Ihe lasl village. () Mbi aaeX811'" CI1MWKOM
.o.a.neKo, pa3BepH"'Cb (HnH: ...pa3BepHM M8W"'HY) M
e3>Kal7llC nocl1eAHel7l AepeBHe.
2 (v adv, v n adv) (cnoco6CTBoBaTb TOMY, '1T06b1) YI1-
waTbCR. M3MeHRTbCR B ny'IWYIO CTOPOHY (8 KOMMep-
HH) . We hope our markel will turn (our economy)
round very soon. () H8AeeMcR, '1TO Haw pblHOK npORBMT
ce6s1 CKOpO C I1Y'IWel7l CTOpOHbI (WlH: ...CICOpo nOBep-
HeT Hawy SICOHOMMKY Ha pel1bCbI nOAbeMa).
D tum(s)lOund
[nJ BHeaanHoe yny'lWeHMe (oco6eHHO 8 6H3Hece, 8
3KOHOMHKe) . There is a slighl prospecl of a turn-
around. <> nORBI1ReTCR ICaICaR-TO nepCneKTMBa pe3ICoro
M3MeHeHMR CM-ryaUMM.
walt about I around
(v adv) CI10HRTbCR, OKOl1a'lMBaTbCR (oKono K8Koro-n.
MeeT8) B O>KMAaHMM . Don 'I worry, you won 'I have to
wait about Ihere so long. () He 6eenoKol7lcR, Te6e He
npMAeTCR TaK AOl1ro OICOl1a'lMBaTbCR T8M. => hang
about/around, stick about/around
work around I round to 8th
(v adv pr) P83r. 6b1Tb Ha nOAc-rynax IC '1eMY-I1., nOCTe-
neHHO npMI511M>K8TbCR K ICaKOMY-I1. Ael7lcTBMIO . I was-
working round to the last chapler of my book when you
came. 0 KorACI Bbi npMWI1M. R np"'c-rynaJ1 K nOCJleAHel7l
maBe Moel7l KHMrM.

70
_ wrap sth around I round sb/sth
(v, n pr) ol5epTbiBaTb '1TO-J1. BOKPyr 1C0rO-J1./'ierO-J1.;
06BBaTb 1C0rO-J1./'1TO-J1. '1eM-J1. (pYKaMH H T.,lI.) . She
wrapped (he nappies around her baby carefUlly. 0 OHa
OCTOpO)l(HO CneJ1eHan8 CBoero pe6eHKa.

.-
2
above
below
over
under
III
PA3,lJ,EJ1
TEMATMKA Cl»PA30BblX rnAronOB:
nol\O>KeHHe Bblwe - HH>Ke, HSA - noA: npeBOCXOACTBO - HeA!>-
CTilTOK; HanaAeHHe - noA'IHtteHHe: nepenohHeHHe - HeXBaTK8:
H3MetteHHe. nepeMeLUeHHe. npeoAOAeHHe, Bbl3AQpoB/lE!HHe; nepe-
Aa'la IIH(\>oPMallHH. 06cy>KAeHHe II npoeept<a: BblAeP)KMeaHHe. OT-
KA8AblBaHHe;noceweHHe.COnpoBOeHMe
ask sb over I round
(v n adv) npl<1maWaTb 1C0rO-J1. aaMrn (s rOCTH H T.n.;
06bl'lHO H8 KopoTKoe speMR HnH C KOpoTKOro pac-
CTORHHR) . Don 'I forgel 10 IIsk him over for playing a
game of chess. 0 He aa6y.o.b npl<1macl<1Tb ero cblrpaTb
napTHIO B waxMaTbi. => invile in/over/round
be above sb I sth (v pr)
1 6b1Tb CJ1HWKOM B3JKHblM, rop.o.blM, BbicoKoMepHblM,
LfT06b1 .o.e11aTb '1TO-n. MeJ1ICOe, He3Ha'lHTeJ1bHOe <'I8CTO
C nOCJ1e.QYKJUIHM rJ1ar0J10M B ing-cJIopMe gerund'» . Our boss
is much IIbove recognizing our self-dependence. 0 Haw
Ha'l3l1bHI<1IC CJ1I<1WICOM rop.o., '1T06b1 npl<13HaTb Hawy ca-
MOCTOSlTeJ1bHOCTb.

72
I
..
2 6b1Tb Bblwe KorO-I1. (no 3BaHMIO, no nOnOJK8HMIO M
T.n. )/'Iero-l1. (npe,Qp8ccy,QKOB; no K8'ieCTsy, KonM-
'ieCTBY, noceUl8eMocTM H r.n.); npeBOCXOAI'ITb Koro-I1'/
'ITC-n. . Are you in a good mood today? - Yes, it's
aboVe average! 0 Y Te6R ceroAHR xopowee H8CTPO-
eHMe? - .o.a, Bblwe cpeAHero! . He is head and shoul-
ders above his comrades. 0 OH Ha rOl1oBY Bblwe CBOMX
TOBapMl1te. :::) be below
3 He 6b1Tb OTlCpblTblM AflR 'IerO-I1., He 6b1Tb nOABep-
)l(eHHblM 'IeMy-n. (K8KoMy-n. nOSe,QeHHIO, 38Me'i8HM-
JIM, KpHTMKe H T.n.) . He ;s above reproach. 0 OH 6e3Y-
npe'leH.
· be above sb/sb's head
(v pr) pasr. I5b1Tb TPYAHblM 1'1111'1 HeAOCTynHblM AflR
'Ib9ro-n. nOHMM8HI'ISI . Most of his explanation was
above "!e. 0 6611bWaR 'laCTb ero 06bRCHeHI'IR 6b1/1a
A811eKO He nOHRTHa MHe.
be below sb Isth
(v pr) 6b1Tb HI'I)I(e Koro-n. (no 3BaHMIO, no nOnOJKeHHIO H
r.n. )/'Iero-n. (no K8'iecTSY, KMM'ieCTsy. noceUl8eMo-
CTH M T.n.) . We should improve school results because
they are below the average. 0 HaM HBAO YI1V'1WMTb
ycneBaeMOCTb B wKone, TaK lCaK OHa HI'IJKe cpeAHe.
. It's below my dignity to answer him. 0 3TO HI'IJKe
Moero AOCTOMHCTBa - OTBe'laTb eMY. :::) be above
be over (sth)
1 (v pr) npeBbiwaTb lCaKoe-n. 1C0111'1'1BCTBO; 6b1Tb
60l1bWe KaKO-n. BenM'IMHbI . How many boys were
there at the summer camp? - There were not over one

73
hundred. 0 CICOl1blCO MaJlb'lMKOB 6b1110 B l1eTHeM 118-
rape? - He 6011ee CTa.  be under
2 (v pr) .o.Ol1ro B03li1TbCSI C '1eM-I1., 3aHMMaTbCSI '1eM-I1. -=-
. When will you be ready? You we so long over your 
dressing! 0 Tbi CKOpo? Tbi TaK .o.Ol1ro o.o.eB8BwbCSI!
3 (v adv) 3aKaH'IMBaTbCSI, npoMTM, I5b1Tb n038AIII . /
couldn't wait for the lesson to be over. 0 Sf He Mar
.o.o)l(,O,8TbCS1, 1C0r.o.a ICOH'IMTCSI ypOIC. . prov AJ/ is over but
the shouting. 0 noell. Ii1 .o.a110 B WI1S1ne.  be up
4 (v sdv) pa3r. npMexaTb (O(ibl'lHO U3,ltaJleKa). 3ae3>KaTb
B mcnl . My friend promised to be over next week.
o MOM Myr 06eUIBJI 3aeXaTb Ha cne.o.YIOaM He.o.ene.
 come over
· be all over sth
(v pr) pa3r. I5b1Tb, CT8Tb 1113BeCTHblM, pacnpOCTPaHIIITbCSI
r.o.e-n. (0 HOBOCTU, cnneTHe U T.n.) . Do you know 1 am
married? - Oh. it's allover here! 0 Tbi 3HSeWb, 'ITa SI
BblWJ1S 3aMYJK? - As 3TO BC8M 1113B8CTHO!
be under sb I sth (v pr)
1 He npeBblW8Tb KaICOe-l1. KOI1I11'1BCTBO, I5b1Tb MBHbWB
I<8IC0M-n. BBI1I11'1MHbI . Our summer camp is unthr one
hundred sportsmen this time. 0 He 3TOT pe3 B HaWBM
neTHBM narepe He 15011e8 CTa cnopTCMeHOB.  be over
2 I5b1Tb no.o. BI1I11S1HllleM 1C0ro-n./'iero-I1.; no.o.'1MHSlTbCSI
1C0MY-I1. .1 am afraid, my son is under the influence of
bad people. 0 60lOCb, '1TO MOM CblH HaxOIJ,HTCSI no.o.
BJ1111S1HllleM n110XIIIX I1IO.o.e".
blow over
(v eclv) [UMeeTCII Inv] npoxo.o.lIITb, 3aTWCSTb, KaHyrb B

74
-
Be'iHOCTb (0 HenpHRTHOM Cfly<iae, KaKOM-n. ,Qene H T. n.)
. What about that scandal? Has it blown over? 0 A 'iTO
TOT CKaHAa/1, 3aTIIIX 1I1II?
- overblow
[v] npoHecnlCb. MIilHOsaTb (0 6ype, onaCHOCTilf H T.n.)
boll over (v adv) [HMeeTCR inv]
1 yCSeraTb, Bbl1IIIIBaTbCSI 'iepe3 t<paH nplll K&.meHIIIIII 10
MonoKe, cyne H T.n.) . Why is there such a smell? Has
the soup boiled over? 0 nO'ieMY TaM TaKOH 3anax? Cyn
yCSe>Ka11?
- overbo/I
[v] nepelClilnaTb; y6eraTb (0 MOl1OKe III T.n.)
2 paar. cePAIiITbCSI, HeroAosaTb, KlllnSlTIiITbCSI . I can't
understand why he is boiling over. 0 He MOry nOHSITb.
nO'ieM}' OH KlllnRTIilTCR.
break over sb/sth
Iv pr) 06pywIiIBaTbCSI Ha KOrO-1I'/'iTO-1I. 10 HeO)K"t£IaH-
HOM C06b1THH: 0 nOTOKe BO,QbI, rpR3H H T.n.) . The
heavy storm broke over us when we were not far from
the shore. 0 CIIITlbHblH WTOpM 06pYWIIITlCSI Ha Hac, 1C0rAa
MbI CSbl1l111 HeAa/1eICO OT 6epera.
bring sb over (v n adv)
1 AOCTaB1ISlTb, nplllB03111Tb, nplilBoAIiITb KOrO-1I. ('laUle
HaneKa) . Could you, please, bring my daughter ove,
from St.Petersburg? 0 MmKHO sac nonpoCHTb nplllBe3TH
MOIO AO'ib 1113 CaHKT-neTep6ypra? => come over
2 3aCTaBIIITb KOrO-1I. 1113MeHIiITb CBoe MHeHllle; yC5eAIiITb
KOrO-1I. (npHHRTb Kal<)'/O-n. TO'll<)' 3peHHR) <..aCTO C no-

75
CI1e.aYIOM npe,ll,l10rOM to»- . A tlast my friends brought
me over (10 their side). 0 HaKoHeLl MOJo1 APY3bR yOe,o,Jo1l1Jo1
MeHR (HnH: ...,o,py3bR nepeTl'IHYl1Jo1 MeHR Ha CBOK> _
CTOPOHY).  go over
bring sb under
(v n adv) o,o,Ol1eTb, no,o,'jJo1HJo1Tb, 3aCTaBJo1Tb nOKOpJo1TbCR
1C0rO-11. . Invaders tried to bring the country under, but
all the people rose to the defence. 0 3aXBaT'!Jo1KJo1 nbl-
TaJlJo1Cb nOKOpJo1Tb CTpaHY, HO Bce 1110,0,101 no,o,HRl1Jo1Cb Ha
38lUl"IT)'.
· bring sb/sth under control
(v n pr) 06Y3,lJ,aTb KOrO-l1./IjTO-I1.; aaCTaBI"ITb KorO-I1.
nOA'jI"lHKTbCR . Only the head of studies brought our
class under control. 0 TOl1blCO 38BY'i H8Ben B HaweM
KI1acce noPRAolC.
build over sth
(v pr) 38CTj)aJo1BaTb IjTO-I1. . It's a pity but a new firm
plans to build over this "ice field. 0 >Kanb, HO HOBaR
<l>Jo1pMa nl1aHJo1pyeT 3aCTj)OJo1Tb 3TO ICpaCJo1BOe nOlle.
buy sb over
(v n adv) = buy off/over
carry (sb/sth) over (sth) [HMeeTCR n]
1 (v n pr) cnoco6cTBoBaTb, nOMOraTb 1C0My-I1. cnpa-
BJo1TbCR, npeoAoneTb IjTO-I1. B Tpy,o,Hoe BpeMR, B He-
npB,lJ,BJo1,o,eHHbIX 06CTORTel1bCTBax . I '/I never forget
that this family carried me over the cold winter. 0 HJo1-
lCor,o,a He aaOy,o,y. K8K 3T8 ceMbR nOMorna MHe nepe-
)l(MTb xono,o,HYK> 3MMy. => carry through

76
I
..
2 (v adv) nepeXOAIIITb (OT nOKOnSHMfI B nOKOneHMe, OT
OAHorO K .QpyrOMY M T.n.) . His good ear for music car-
ries over from his father. 0 Ero XOPOWlilM MY3bUGl11bHblM
Cl1YX nepecSI OT OTlUi.
3 (v n adv) nepeHocIIITb, OTKJ18AblBaTb 'ITO-l1. (Ha 60nee
n03lJ,HJlli'I CpoK) -<{..aCTO Passive"» . Do you know at what
time the peiformance was carried over? 0 Bbi He 3Ha-
eTe, Ha KaKoe BpeMSI nepeHecnlll CneKTaKJ1b? => put off
4 (v n adv) nepeHocIIITb 'ITO-l1. (HcPPbl, cnoBa), .o.el1aTb
nepeHoc . Do you know the rule of carrying words
over? 0 1b1 3HaeWb npae1l10 nepeHoca cnoe?
o carry-over
[nJ nepeHOC (cnoBa W1M 'IHcna) . You are not correct
with this carry-over. 0 1b1 HeeepHO c.o.el1M 3TOT nepe-
HOC.
change over
(v adv) [HM6eTCR nJ MeHSlTb ceOM npoQ>IIIl1b, nepexo-
.o.IIITb, nepeCTpalileaTbCSI (OT O,QHoro BJII.lIa .lIeS/TenbHO-
CTH K .lIPyroMY) "':B03MO)KHO C nocne.o.YK>MI1 npe.o.noraMIil
'rom, to)o . I am not going to enter this college because
its type changed over ifrom cookery to the food indus-
try). 0 51 He co6101palOCb nOCT)'naTb B 3TO Y't10111Io1Uj,e, TalC
lCaK era npoQ>lo111b nOMeHSll1CSI (c IC}'l1111HapHoro Ha nlll-
Uj,eBYIO IIIHAYCTpllllO).
o change-over
[nJ nepeXOA, nepeCTpOMKa, 1013MeHeHIo1e . The change-
over to a new schedule gave me a chance to spend more
time for hobbies. 0 nepexo.o. H8 HOBae pacnlo1caHlile ,I].8Jl
MHe B03MO)l(HOCTb 6011bWB epeMeHIII noceSITIIITb xo06111.

77
change over I round
(vadv) [HMElElTCR nj nOMeHATbCA MeCTaMliI, ponRMlillilnlil
nOnOJICeHlileM (B T.'I. B cnopTe) . If you can " drive the _
car now. let:S change over. 0 Ecnlil Tbi ce'Iac He MO-
JlCeWb BeCTIiI MaWIiIHY. JJ,3Ba nOMeHReMCA MeCTaMIiI.
g chang&-Over
[nj cnopT. CMeHa BOpoT . After the change-over our
team began to score goals. 0 nocne CMeHbI BOpOT Hawa
KOMaHJJ,3 Ha'lana 3361i1BaTb ronbl.
check sb/sth over
(v n adv) IHMeElTCR nj npOBeCTIiI npoeepKY. 06cne-
,/J,OBaHlile Koro-n./'Iero-n. (H8 pa6oTocnoco6HOCT&, Ha
3,lJ,OpOB&e, H8 COOTBeTCTB",e 'IeMy-n.) . .Every day be-
fore starting out for work my father checks the car over
carefully. 0 KaJK.nbl ,/J,eHb nepe,/J, TeM, lCalC OTnpSBIiITbCS1
Ha pa60TY MO nana BHIiIMaTenbHO OCMaTplilBaeT
MaWIiIHY. . The hospital nurse checked me over and told
me I was well. 0 Me,/J,ceCTpa OCMOTpena MeHA iii CK8-
33J1a MHe, 'ITO A 3,/J,OpOB.
g check-over
[nj OCMOTP. npOBepK8 . Every morning he gives his car
a short check-over. 0 Ka)I()J.oe yTpo OH npOBO,/J,MT
He60nbwo OCMOTJ) CBoe MaWIiIHbI
come over (sb) ["'MeerCR inv]
1 (v adv) nplilTIiI, nplil6b1Tb, nplilexaTb (npeQQoneB
onpe.a.eneHHblH nyrb. paccTORH",e) . I am happy to tell
you that my aunt will come over on holiday.from the
cil) 0 Pa.na C006LLl1'1Tb Te6e, 'ITO MOR TeTii nplile,/J,eT B
omYCK 1i13 ropo,/J,a.  bring over

78
I
-
2 (v adv) SrE HeO>KIllAaHHO CTaTb 11111111 nO'lYBCTBOBaTb
ceOR KaICIIIM-Il. (t50nbHblM, YCTBnblM, nOSKVlM VI T.n.)
<(3.Qecb <l>pa30BbI rnaron RBnRerCfI rnaronOM-CBfl3KO C no-
Cne,l\yK)IW1M nplilnaraT8J1bHblM» . In the office I came over
sick and was a/lowed to go home. 0  nO'lYBCTBoaan
ceOR 6011bHblM B 04>lIIce. III MeHR omYCTlIIl1111 AOMOi::;.
- overcome
[v] npeB03MO'ib. npeOA0119Tb, nooopOTb
3 (v pr) pa3r: OXBaTbiBaTb 1C0rO-11., OB11B,AeTb lCeM-Il.,
HaXOAIIITb Ha 1C0rO-Il. (0 CTp8xe. K8KVlx-n. 3MOVlRX VI
T.n.) . What has come over him? J have never seen him
as such as he is now. 0 'iTO Ha Hero H8W110?  HlillCor,Qa
He BIIIAe118 ero TaICIilM.
- overcome
(v] OXBaTblB8Tb. 06YRTb (0 '1YSCTSax, 3MOVlSlX)
c9me under sb / sth (v pr)
1 KOHTp011l11poBaTbCJI KeM-ll./'1eM-ll., OblTb nO,ll,BJ1aCT-
HbiM KOMY-ll./'ieMY-ll.; nonaCTb nOA 'ibe-ll. Blll11RHllle
. I am happy that J don't come under anybody in my
job. 0  C'laCT11I11B, '1TO R HIilICOMY He nOABllaCTeH B cBoei:1
pa60Te.
2 nOAseprHytbCSI '1eMY- 11. (aTaKe, KpVlTJilKe, Han8,l1.K8M III
T.n.) . His article came under fierce attack/or the sup-
porting of this poet. 0 Ero CTaTbR nOD,BeprnaCb RPOCT-
HbiM HanB,AKaM 38 nO,DJl,ep>KKY 3Toro n03T8.
3111.0;01 nOA Py6pIIIKOi::;, nOA aarOll0BKOM, nOA KaTero-
plllei:1 . Is it a correct name this section comes under?
o npaBlllllbHo 11111 ,QaHO H83BaHlile 3TOM)' pa3Aelly? => fall
under, go under

79
cover sb I sth over I up
(v n adv) HalCpblsaTb. nOKPblBaTb KOro-I1./I.JTO-I1. (38-
THbiM MBrepHBnOM) . The night will be cold, let 50 _
cover the beds of garden over. () HOl.Jb 6YIJ.eT X0I10/J.HaR,
p,asaj.1 HalCpoeM C81J.osbie rPMK'"'.
cry over sth
(v pr) = cry about/over
do sb/sth over (v n adv)
1 38HOSO O-rpeMOHT,",posaTb, nOlCpaC,",Tb I.JTO-I1. (noMe-
UleHHe); nepeAel1aTb 'fT0-11. . We don 'tlike the interior
of the office and we'll try 10 do it over. () HaM He Hpa-
S,",TCR HHTepbep oct>,",ca, '"' Mbi ero nepeAel1aeM.
2 pa3r. ,",36,",BaTb "lCorO-I1. . Some man did the porter
over and disappeared. () KaICOj.1-TO l.Je110SeIC '"'30'"'11
wsej.1L1,apa '"' ,",Cl.Je3.  beat up
fall over (sb/sth)
(v adv, v pr) ynaCTb. onpoK,",HyTbCR, nOS811,",TbCR (Ha
KorO-I1./I.JTO-I1.) . The strong wind made the tree fall
over (a man). () en- C,",l1bHOro seTpa Aepeso CBan,",I1OCb
(Ha l.JeI10SeKa).
· fall over oneself to do sth
(v pr) paar. Ol.JeHb C,",l1bHO CTapaTbCR. l1e3Tb '"'3 KOJK....
1.JT06b1 CIJ.e118Tb I.JTO-I1. <B OCHOBHOM Continuous> . Our
small daughler was falling over herself to tell us a
fUnny SIOry. () Hawa IJ.OI.JYPKa yJK Ol.JeHb cTapanacb pac-
CKa38Tb HaM aHeKAOT.
fall under sth
(v pr) nOAna.a.aTb nolJ. KaKYIO-I1. KaTerop...lO; OTHO-

80
CMTbCR, nOAXO,D,MTb K eMY-II. (no napaMeTpaM M T.n.)
. Unfortunately. her son fa/Is "nder the group of back-
_ ward children. 0 K CO>Ka1leHMIO. aa CblH OTHOCMTCR K
rpynne OTCTalOl1t\IIX ,/1aTali!. =:> come "nder
get above sb .
(v pr) C/1MWKOM BbiCOICO ce6R ou.eHMBaTb, 383HaBaTb-
CR, CTaBMTb M3 ce6R «06"''IHO Continuous; nOC11e npe,QJ1ora
-above scarAa Hcn011b3Y8TCA S03spaTHoe MecTOHMBHHe»
. J feel easy with him. he isn't getting above himself.
o  YBCTBYIO ceOR C HMM cnolColi!HO. OH He 3a3HaeTCR.
get (sb/sth) over (sth)
1 (v aclv, v pro v n adv. v n pr) nape6paTbCR, nepe-
npaBMTbCR, nepelle3Tb (epe3 TO-II.); nepenpaBMTb
1C0ro-II./TO-11. (epe3 TO-l1.) . How to gel the piano
over (the river)? 0 KalC nepenpaBMTb nMaHMHO (epe3
peKY)? . Be careful getting over (the fence)! 0 6Y,/1b
OCTOpO)l(eH. nepel1e38R ('1epe3 3a60p)1
2 (v pr) npe0,/10lleBaTb 'frO-II., CnpaB1lRTbCR C eM-II..
npM>\O,lUtTb B ce6R nOCl1e ero-II. . J wish you to gel
over apathy sooner. 0 >KellalO TeOe npeo,/1011eTb anaTMIO
cKopee.
3 (v pr) nOBepMTb so TO-l1.. «nepesapMTb" K8KOIi!-l1.
cl>alCT, npe,/1CTaBMTb. nOHRTb '1TO-II. «06"''IHO c npeA-
WBCTByiOUII/IM can't/couldn't» . J couJdn't gel over her
being so rude. 0 51 HMKalC He O)l(M,naJ'I. TO OHa T8K He-
Be)l(J1MBa.
4 (v n aclv) .aOBeCTM TO-'1. (Mblcnb, nocnaHMe M T.n.),/10
nOHMMaHMR (KeM-n.) .;{S03MO>KH0 c nOC118AyiOUII/IM npeA-
11orOM to» . How can J gel this rule over to you if you are

81
not listening to me? 0 KaK R MOry BHYWMTb ,-e6e aTO
npaBMJ10. ecnM Tbi MeHR He cnywaeWb?  get across
get sb/sth under .
(v n adv) nOA"IMHMTb 1C0ro-n.; B3RTb 'fro-no B CBoe
BeAeHMe, nOA CBOH 1C0HJponb <06b1'1HO Simple Tenses>
. The first problem was to get the elements WIder.
o nepBOH 3aA8"1eA 6b1no nOA"IMHMTb CTMXMIO.
give over (sth)
(v adv, v adv n ) BrE paar. npelCpaTMTb, nepeCTaTb
(AenaTb "ITO-n.) <'10CTO B nOB81111T811hHOM H8K110H8HI'IIII; B
Ka..eCTB8 npSlMoro AOnOI1HeHHSI IICn0l1h3yeTCR Ing-CSlopMa
gerund> . Give over. You are making so much noise.
o nepeCTaHb. Tbi O'leHb WYMMWb. . Give over com-
plaining! 0 XsaT\.1T )l(anosaTbCR!
give sb I sth over to sth
(v n adv pr) nOCBRut8Tb ce6R "IeMY-n., OT,D,asaTb ce6R
MJ1111 CBOIO )l(1iI3Hb KalCoMy-n. Aeny. All the week J was
entirely given over to lectures and practical demonstra-
tions. 0 BclO HeAenlO R nonHOCTblO nOTpalWl Ha neK'-""1II
iii npaKT\ll"leCKMe 3aHRTIllR.  give up to
go below (sth)
(v adv, v pr) MOp. CnyCKaTbCR (c nany6b1) BHM3 (H8
TennOXQlIe, Kopa(jne If T.n.) . We were told to go below
(the deck) because of the bad weather forecast. 0 HaM
Benenlll cnYCTMTbCR (C nany6b1) BHIiI3 1113-311 nnoxoro
npOrH03a noro,D.bl.
go over (5th) [HMeeTCR n]
1 (v adv) nOAoHTliI, CXOAIIITb (K KOMy-n.. KY,QB-n.)

82
t
lIB
o(B03MOJltHO c nocnel'.yK1l1.\MM npe.w10rOM to}> . Let s go
over to the post office. 0 .D.aBaH. CXOaM Ha nO'iTy.
. When will you go over to us? 0 Korp,a TbI IC HaM
3aeWb ?
2 (v pr) npocMoTpeTb. OCMOTpeTb, npoBepTb 'no-no
(TaKer. p8C'I6TbI, npelJ.MeTbi H T.n.) . Don't worry, /'/1
go over the figures and find your mistake. 0 He 6ec-
nOlCoHc,  npoBeplO UH$pbl  HaAY TBOIO owI5KY.
::) go through, loo/( over
D going-over
[nJ OCMOTP, npOBepKa . It s time to give your car a
going-over. 0 nopa npoBepTb BaWY MawHY.
3 (v pr) nOBTopslTb, 3aHOBO npOXoaTb 'iTO-l1. . After
you go over this unit again, I '/I examine your results.
o nOGJ1B Toro KaK Tbi nOBTopWb 3TOT pa3Aen,  npo-
BeplO pe3ynbTaT.
4 (v adv) nepeXOJJ.l'tTb (H8 Koro-n./To-n., Ie KOMy-n.1
eMy-n.); MeHTb TeMY . He used to eat everything, but
recently he has gone over to the vegetarian diet. 0 P8Hb-
we OH en Bce, HO Hep,aBHO OH nepeweJ1 Ha OBOlUHYIO
aeTy. ::) bring over .
go under (sb/sth)
1 (v adv) nOTepTb C03HaHe . He is not drunk, he went
under. 0 OH He nbRH. OH B 6eCC03HaTeJ1bHOM COCTO-
H. ::) go out
2 (v adv) pa3OpTbC: nOTepneTb Heyp,a'lY, Kpax . With
such big expenses you '/I .won go under. 0 C TaKi'lM
60nbWM 3aTpaTaM Bbi CKOpO pa30pHTecb.
3 (v pr) aT noD. KaICM-l1. Ha3BaHHeM, HaxoaTbC B
KaICOM-n. Kllacce, B KaKOH-n. rpynne, B KaTerOp 
T.n.; 6b1Tb 3BeCTHbiM noa KaKM-J1. MeHeM . I don't

83
think this section goes under a correct name. 0 He
AYM81O, '1TO 3TOT pa3Aen npaBl1nbHO Ha3BaH. ::) come
under, fall under
hand (sb/sth) over
(v n 8dv) [UMeBTCII n] nepeA8B8Tb, Bp}l'iaTb KorO-II./ .
'1TO-II. (KoMy-n. ,lV)yrOMY) B03MO)l(HO C nocne,Qy1OUlHM
npeAJ10rOM to» . You'll meetth.ere a tall man and hllnd
over this parcel to him. 0 TbI BcrpeTI1Wb T8M BblCOlCoro
'1eIlOBeKa 11 BPY'lI1Wb eMY 3TOT CBepTOK.
D handover
en] nepeA8'18 (nonHOMOli"'H, OTBBTCTBeHHOCnf, ,Q.en '"
T.n.); nepl10A nepeA8'111 Aell . Mr. Smith is busy now
with a hlllldover of his material responsibility. 0 rocno-
AI1H CMI1T Ceiil'l8C 38HI1MaeTCSI nepeA8'1eiil cBoeiil M8-
Teplol8llbHOiil OTBeTCTBeHHOCTI1.
..
hang over (sb/sth) ["'MeeT n '" Inv]
1 (v pr) H8Bl1caTb, BI1CeTb H8A KeM-n./'1eM-II. (K8K ,Q.8-
MOICIIOS Meli; 06 yrp038X, npo6neM8X '" T.n.) . Some
doubts suddenly had hung over me. 0 HeKoTopble COM-
HeHI1R BAPyr oAOllell11 MeHR.
- overhang
[v] H8BI1caTb, yrpo>K8Tb
2 (v adv) COXP8HRTbCSI, OCT8BaTbCR . This habit of his
hllngs over from the childhood. 0 aT8 ero npl1BbI'IKa
coxp8HReTCR C AeTCTBa.
D hangover
en] nepe>KIoITOK, HaCneAl1e npownoro . This habit of his
is a hllngover from the childhood. 0 aTa ero npl1BbI'IKa
OCTan8Cb C AeTCTB8.

84
.
hold sb/sth under (v n adv )
1 Aep>K8Tb KOfO-I1./'jTO-I1. nOA 'jeM-I1. . Tltey held their
money under the floor. 0 OH\.1 npSIT8Jl\.1 CBO\.1 AeHbf\.1 nOA
nOI1OM.  keep under
2 Aep>K8Tb 1C0fO-I1. B nOA'j\.1HeH\.1\.1, nOA KOHTpOl1eM .It
seems to me you hold your children under too much.
o MHe KIDKeTCR. 'jTO Bbi yJK CJl\.1WICOM C\.111bHO 1C0HTP0I1\.1-
pyeTe CBO\.1X AeTei'i.  keep under
Invite sb over
() :; invite in/over/round
keep (sb/sth) under (sb/sth)
1 (v adv. v pr, v n adv, v n pr) oCTasaTbCR B my6\.1He
(\jero-I1.); YAep>K\.1BaTb Koro-I1./\jTO-I1. B rny6\.1He ('je-
fO-I1.) . He kepI under (the water) so long that we were
. . even frightened. 0 OH OCTaB81lCR nOA BOAOi'i T8K .o.Ollro,
\jTO Mbi AIDKe \.1cnyr8Jl\.1Cb. . They kept tlteir money
under the floor. 0 OH\.1 npRT8Jl\.1 CBO\.1 AeHbf\.1 nOA no-
110M.  hold under
2 (v n adv) ynpaBI1RTb KeM-I1./'jeM-I1.; Aep>KaTb KOfO-Il.
B CBO\.1X PYKax. nOA KOHTpol1eM . He forced IJimelf to
keep emotioll under al/d to show his indifference to
tltem. 0 OH 38CT8B\.111 ce6R CAep>K8Tb CBOl'! 3M04\.1\.1 \.1
nOK83aTb CBoe paBHOl1YW\.1e K H\.1M.  hold under
kick sth over
(v n 8dv) OnpOK\.1Hyrb 'fT0-11. (Horo';;) . Sorry, but J
kicked a pail of water over. 0 1i13B\.1H\.1Te, HO R onpoK\.1-
HYI1 BeAPo C BOAoi'i.  blOck over
lIE

85
knock sb / sth over (v n adv)
1 OnpOlCl-IHyrb, CBaIllIITb KOro-ll'/IITO-ll.; nOB8J1I11Tb ICO-
rO-ll'/IITo-n. . Be careful, don't knock anybody over _
with your new bicycle. 0 6YAb OCTOpO>KeH, He CWIIIOIil
lCorO-HIII6Y,Qb CBOIliM HOBbiM BeJ10Clllne,QOM. "'" kick over
2 pa3r. nop831/1Tb, OWeJ10MIIITb Koro-n.; .COIllTb 1C0rO-J1. C
TOllKY . Her words knocked us over. 0 Ee C1l0B8 cOllin..,
Hac C TOJ1KY.
leave sth over
1 (v n 8dv) OCTaBIIITb, He IIIcn0J1b30BaTb llTO-n. (06b1'1HO
nop83YMeB8eTCR, 'ITO '18CTb YJKe IiIcnonb30B8H8)
. I bought two things and could al.m leave some money
oller for you. 0 S1 KYn..,ll ,QBa BeLUHLlbi lot CMor TalOKe
OCT8B..,Tb HeMHoro ,QeHer ,/J,IlR TeOR.
2 () nepeHOCIIITb, OTKJl8,D.blB8Tb IITO-J1. . Leave
this subject over until next time. 0 OCT8Bb 3Ty TeMY .0.0
cJ1e,QYlOll.Iero pa3a.
lie over
(v 8dv) OTKJl8,D.bIB8TbCR (H8 K8KOH-n. neplilo). BblJ1e-
>K8TbCR !Ao K8Koro-n. CpOK8) . Ollr boss considers that
any business letter should lie over some time. 0 tiaw
we4> CIIIIITaeT, liTO BCRKoe ,QenOBoe nlllCbMO ,QOIi>KHO
OTne)i(aTbCR HelCOTopoe BpeMR.
live over
() BHOBb npO>Kl/ITb, nepe>KIIITb; O>KIIIBIIITb IITo-n. B
naMRTIil "'"acTO c noCne.AytO\J.IIoIM again» . Who would you
become if you lived your Ife over (again)? 0 KeM Obi Tbi
CT8J1, eCJ1111 Obi npO>KIIIJ1 caolO >K"'3Hb CHOBa?

86
I
..
live under sb/sth
(v pr) )l(MTb nOA BI18CTblO 1C0rO-I1./'iero-l1. . We can"t
avoid living Ilnder his authorit)1,  Mbi He MO)l(eM 1013-
tie*8Tb npo)l(HBaHHR nOA ero BI18CTbIO.
look (sb/sth) over (sth)
(v pr, v n sdv) [HMeeTCII n H inv] OCMOlpeTb, npoBepMTb
1C0rO-I1./'iTO-I1. . The election committee has sent us to
1001 over lists of voters. 0 1113t5HpaTel1bHaR KOMHCCHR
npHCl1ana Hac npoBepHTb cnHCKH H36HpaTel1eM. . She
looked me over very attentively. 0 OHa BHHMSTeJ1bHO
OCMOTPBI18 MeHR.  go over, look throllgh
D look-over
en] OCMOTp . She gave me a very attentive look-over.
o OHa BHHMaTBl1bHO OCMOTPBJ1S MeHR.
- overlook
[v] HaA3HpaTb, CMOrpBTb, Cl1eAHTb (38 KeM-n.j'leM-n.)
make over sth
() H3MeHRTb, nepeAel1b1BaTb'lTO-I1. . Because of
her he tries to make over even his manner of speaking.
o 1113-38 Hee OH CTapaeTCR H3MeHIIITb A8>Ke M8Hepy
rOBopHTb.
· make a fuss over sth
(v n pr) nOAHHMaTb WYM BOlCpyr '1erO-I1., HapO'lHTO
npHBJ1elCaTb BHHMaHHe IC '1eMY-J1. . She will hardly
make Q fllss over trifles. 0 BpS!)], 11101 OHa 6YABT nOA-
HHMaTb WYM 1013-38 nYCTRKOB.
· make a 80ng and dance over sth
(v n pr) pa3AYBaTb KaKOe-J1. C06b1THe, nOAHHMaTb

87
wyMMXY, CBMCTOnnACKY BOKPyr ero-J1. . She likes to
ma/ce a song IIIId dance over my missing of lessons.
o OHa m06MT nOAHHMaTb WYM no nOBOAY MOHX npo-
nYCKOB 3aHATH".
pass (8th) over (8th) (uMeeTCJJ inv]
1 ( v adv n ) nponYCKaTb, HrHopHpoBaTb, o6xOAMTb
To-n. (Ot5b1'1HO HenpHRTHoe) . You'd better pass over
that accident. 0 Te6e 6b1 nywe He ynoMHHaTb 06 3TOM
HeC'faCTHOM cJ1Y'lae.
- overpass
[v] OCTaBnATb 6e3 BHHMaHMA, MrHopMpoB8Tb, npoxo-
lUfTb MHMO
2 ( v n adv ) ynYCTHTb TO-11., He BOcn0J1b30BaTbCA
'IeM-n.; OTKa3aTbCR OT ero.n. . Why did you pass the
business over? 0 nO'IeMY TbI He yxaanlJ1CS1 3a 3TO Aeno?
::) pass up
3 (v pr) OPOCMTb 6embl" B3rnA,A Ha 'ITO-J1.; npOCMO-
TpeTb 6b1CTpo TO-n. .1 had to pGSS over happenings of
the past year to understand when and where I could
make a mistake. 0 MHe npHWJ10Cb BcnOMHHTb see co-
6b1THA npoWJ10ro roAS. T06b1 nOHATb, rAe M 1C0rAS A
Mor COeepWHTb OWH6KY. => rlln through
4 (v adv) = pass away/on/over
pick 8th over
(v n adv) nepe6paTb. nepeTopMOWMTb To-n. (8 no-
HCK8X H}l)KHblX npMeT08) . Recently I have seen a
beggar who picked a pile of refuse over. 0 HeA8BHO A
BH)\en HMLUero, KOTOpbl" pblnCA B JCy'Ie X118M8.
--
j
"I

88
I pop over
(vadv) = pop oJong/lUOund/down/in/over/round
_ pour (sth) over 8th
1 (v pr) nepenMB8TbC '4epe3 '4TO-I1. . Every spring our
river pours over its banks preventing us from fIShing.
o I<aJK.AYIO BeCHY Haws peKa BblXO,IJ,MT M3 CBOMX Oepe-
rOB, He n0380n HaM nOBMTb pblOy.
2 (v n pr) nOI1MB8Tb '4TO-11. Ha 'ITO-11. . My mother likes
pouring different dressings over the second course.
o MaMa 11I00MT A06aBnATb pa3nM'4Hble nOA/lMBICM KO
BTOPOMY 011IOAY.
pull (8th) over (8th) (uMeeTCSI nJ
1 (v adv, !l...n.iW!t) CbEl3JKaTb Ha 060'lMHY (OCTBHOBHTbCJl
unu nponYCTHTbnpyroi1l TP8HcnoPT): noAb8xaTb K Tpo-
T)'apy; nOBepHyrb, nOABOAMTb MaWMHY IC KpalO AoporM
. We'saw her trying to hitch a lift and decided to pull
(our car) over. 0 Mbi YBMAenM, 'fT0 OHa ronocyeT Ha AO-
pore, M peWM11M OCTaHOBMTbCSI.
2 (v n pr) HaTSlrMB8Tb, H8,I1eB8Tb 'fTO-11. '4ef)83 r0110BY
. Don't unbutton the new shirt, just pull it over. 0 He
paccTerMBSR HOBYIO pyOawKY, npocTo HQAeHb ee '4epe3
ronoay.
a pullover
[nJ nynoBep, CBMTep . / have bought the pullover )'Ou
asked for. 0  KYnMna nynoBep. ICOTOPblR TbI npocMn.
pull 8b under (8th)
(v n pr, v n adv) 3aTAHyrb 1C0ro-n. (noA BOAY Te'leHMeM)
. Be careful there is a strong current here, you can be

89
P"Ued ""thr (the water). 0 5YAb OCTopo)l(eH, 3AeCb
CMnbHoe T8'leHlile, iii TeOI'l MO)l(eT 38TI'IHyrb (noA BOAY).
push sb/sth over _
(v n aclv) (JlMee7CR nJ onpolCliIHyrb, nOB811Ii1Tb Koro-n./
'fTo-n. Ha 3eMnlO . Being in a hurry 1 pushed the vase
owr and it broke. 0 B cnewKe R onpoKHHyn B83Y, iii OHa
pa30IilnaCb.
D pushover
(nJ nycmK, H9CnO)l(Hoe Aeno; «pa3 nnIOHyn," . Haven't
you managed to cope with such a pllshowr? 0 H9V)I(enlil
Tbi He CnpaBI'lnCSl C TaKIiIM nyCTR'IHblM AeIlOM?
put sth above 8th (v n pr)
1 nOMeCTMTb, nOIlO)l(liITb 'ITO-n. HilA 'IeM-II., Bblwe 'Ie-
rO-II. . It "II be better to pili the satellite antenna dish
IIbow the roof 0 lly'1we nOM8CTI1Tb Tapemcy cnyYHliI-
KOBOiii aHTeHHbI Bblwe KpblWIiI.
2 paccMa-rplilsaTb 'ITO-n. C50llee CYU4eCTBeHHblM, nep-
BOCTeneHHblM; OTHOCIiITbCSlIC 'IeMY-II. KaK Oonee BIDK-
.HOMy, 'IeM 'ITO-II. APYroe . She pillS going to the cine-
ma Ilbow reading books. 0 OHa C'l1iIT8eT, 'fT0 XOAI/ITb B
KIiIHO B8JKHee, 'IeM 'IIiITaTb KHlilrlil. :::> pili before
put sth over (v n adv)
1 pa3r. ycnewHO AOBOAI/ITb 'ITO-n. (HHt/JOPM8HIO. H,ltelO
H T.n.) AO nOyPeOlilTenR <'IIICTO C nocne.aytOWI'IM npe.a-
narOM to)o . 1 am not sure we '1/ manage to put the ad-
vertisement owr to our consumer. 0 SI He YBepeH, 'ITO
HaM YAaCTCR AOBeCTilI peK11aMY AO Hawero n01pe61i1-
TeIlR.
2 pa3r. 0TK113Ab1saTb, nepeHocliITb 'ITO-n. (H8 n03AHHR

90
CpoK). Why is nobody here? Has anybody put the meet-
ing over till some time? <> nO'IeMY 3AeCb HHKoro HeT?
_ KrO-HHISYAb nepeHocHI1 ColSp8HHe H8 APYroe BpeMJI?
put sth over on sb .
(v n adv pr) p83r. OISM8Hyrb KorO-I1. B '1eM-II., "H88eWaTb
118nwy.. ICOMY-II., H8AyTb 1C0rO-II. <OlB Ka'lecTBe npliMOro
AononHBHI1A HCnOnb3yiOTCA B OCHOBHOM cnoBa one. it. some-
thing, Bnyth;ng . He tried to pili it over on me by telling
me about their meeting. <> OH nblTBnCJI 06M8HyTb MeH5I,
paCCK83b1B8J1 06 HX BCTpe'le.  put across
read sth over (v n adv)
1 nepe'llilTbl88Tb '1TO- 11. 38HOBO ./f the book is interest-
ing for me I'll read it over without fail. <> EcIlH ICHHra
MHe MHTepeCH8, 51 06J13aTel1bHO ee nepe'lMr81O.
2 BHMM8Te11bHO npO'lMT8Tb, npocMoTpeTb '1TO-I1. B e-
.tJRX np08epKH TelCCTa . J read the article over twice but
couldn't find any mistake. <> s:I npocMoTpel1 CT8TblO
AS8)I(AbI, HO He CMor HaiiiTH HII\ OAHoiii OWII\6KH.
rise above sth (v pr)
1 nOAHHM8rbCSI H8A '1eM-1l., Bblwe '1erO-1l.; B03BbI-
W8TbCSI H8A'IeM-I1. . Look there and you'll see another
church that rises above the roofs of the houses.
<> nOCMorplilTe TYAa III 8b1 YBIl\AHTe APyrylO epKOBb,
ICOTOpa51 B03BblWaeTCJI H8A KpblwaMH AOMOB. . This
year the school results have risen above last year's
level. <> B 3TOM roAY ycne88eMOCTb 8 WKOlle nOAH5I1laCb
Bblwe npowIIorOAHero YP08H5I.
2 ISblTb Bblwe '1ero-1l. (npe/Waccyp.KoB, MenO'IHOCnl,
nop,nOCnI, JK8,QHOCTIi1, peBHOCTIi1 Ii1 T.n.) . I tried to

91
praise her, but she rose above flattery. ()  nblT811es!
nOX8am.1Tb ee. HO OHa He nOAD.811aCb Ha 11ecTb.
run (sb) over (5th) [HMoores! inv]
1 (v adv, v n adv) nOCen1Tb (KaKoe-n. Mecro) Ha KO-
poTKoe BpeMSI, 386e>KaTb (KYa-n.); nOA8eaTlillCoro-11.;
nOD,6pocIIITb KOro-l1. (KY8-n.) . Will you run over to
the shop and get some butter? () C6era£i B MaraalllH aa
MaC110M . Could you run us over to the airport? () Bbi
Mornlll 6b1 n0l1Be3TIII Hac AO a3ponopTa?  run round
2 (v adv) nepel1l11BaTbcSI 'Iepe3 ICpa£i (0 JKI14KOCTIf)
. Don't fill the pan too full. the soup will run over. () He
38no11HSI£i KaCTplOniO AOBepxy - cyn yOe*IIIT. . prov The
last drop makes the cup run over. () nocno CeMb 6eD,
MIIIHOB8J1, a Ha OAHY HaCICO'lMI1.
- oven-un
[n)lIIaObiTolC,nepepacxoA
3 (, v pr) C6MTb, 3aA8BJ.1Tb KorO-11. (MawHHoR H
T.n.) . Be carefUl, cars are very fast and can run people
over (or:...run over people). () EiYAbTe OCTOpo>KHbI,
M8WIIIHbI e3D,SlT O'leHb 6b1CTpO III MOryT 38AaBIIITb
I1IOAe£i.
4. (v pr) npo6e>KaTb 6b1CTPO maaaMIil no IC8KOMY-11.
TelCCTy, nOBToplllTb 6emo '!T0-11. (CLJeHy, YPOK H T.n.)
. You'd better run over this nile before the exam. () Te6e
6b1 11Y'lwe 6b1CTpo nOBTOpMTb 3TO npaBM110 nepeD,
3K38MeHOM.
-
j
run over with sth
(v adv pr) npOSlBl1S1Tb 11136b1TOK 'IerO-11., 'Iepec'IYP Y8-
11e'lbCSI '1eM-11. . Can you name any other animal which,

92
-
like dog. runs over with joy meeting you? 0 MO)l(eWb nlol
Tbi H83B8Tb 11lOl5oe ,o,pyroe )l(IIIBOTHOe, 1C0TOpoe TalC )l(e,
lCaK III co6aK8, BblK83b1BaeT p8,ll,0crb nplll BCTpe'le C
TOI50t>1?
see over I round sth
(v pr) [HMe6TCII inv] 03HaKOMIIITbCA C 'IeM-n., nOlJ,p06Ho
OCMaTpIilBaTb'lTO-n. . I shall first need to see over the
papers. 0 SI CHa'l81la lJ,On)l(eH 1113Y'IIIITb lJ,OKYMBHTbI.
"'=:> show over
- oversee
[v] HBJJ,3lo1paTb, Ha611IOJJ,8Tb (38 KeM-n.j'leM-n.): cnY'fa£;-
HO flOlJ,CMOTpeTb ('1TO-n. )
show sb over sth
(v n pr) conpOBO>KA8Tb 1C0ro-n. IJ,I1A OCMOT)Ja KalCoro-n.
MecTa . He showed us over the ship. 0 OH npOBOW'ln
Hac no BCeM)l Kopa6nlO. => see over/round
slip sth over sth
(v n pr) (HMeeTCII n] HaKlII,IJ,blBaTb 'ITO-11. 1013 OlJ,e)l(,O,bl
. nOBepx 'Iera-11. . There is an awful draught in here, give
me, please, a mg to slip it over my shoulders. 0 3AeCb
y*aCHbI£; CICB03HAK, AS£; MHe, nO>K81ly£;cra, l111eA HalCloI-
Hyrb H8 l111e'llil.
D sllpover
[n] <»ymAp, 'IeXon, cynepo(110)l(Ka: CBloITep, nynoBep III
T.n. . It s better today w put on a slipover. 0 CerOAHA
nY'lwe OAeTb K81C0-HIoI6YAb CBIIITep.
stand (sth) over (sb)
1 (v pr) "crOATb H8,II, ronoBoj;l", CTOATb O'leHb 6nlll3Ko

93
OKono 1C0rO-II. (H86n10,Q8Jl 38 era ,QeiiCTBHJlMH) . His
T1Wther put him out standing over him and making him
do his homework. <> Ero MaTb BblBOJJ,IIIlIa ero 1113 ceOA, -=--
CTOA HaJJ, HillM III 38CTaBIIAA JJ,enaTb JJ,OMaWHIOIO pa6OTY. 
2 (v adv, ) nOJJ,O*A8Tb, nOTepneTb, nOCTOIITb
(KaKoe-n. SpeMJl); OTKJ1aJJ,b1BaTb, OTCpo'lillBaTb, 3aJJ,ep-
)l(IIIBaTb'lTO-II. (Ha K8ICoe-n. SpeMJl) . The conversation
with the director can't stand over till tomorrow.
<> Pa3roBop C D,HpeKTOpOM He MO)l(eT OblTb 0Tl10)l(eH JJ,O
38BTpa. . Jean 't stand this conversation over till to-
morrow. <> s:t He MOry OTK11aJJ,b1BaTb 3TOT pa3rOBOp O
38BTpa.
stay over
(v adv) [HMBBTGR inv] nepeHO'IeBaTb BHe JJ,OMa
<i(B03MO)l(HO c nocneAYKJIlU'IMH npeAJlOraMH at, ;n . I am
afraid /'/1 have to stay over at my brother:. <> 601OCb.
MHe nplilD,eTCA .38HO'IeBaTb y Moero 6paTa.
- overstay
[v] OCT8BaTbCA CIIIIIWKOM JJ,ollro; 38CIIIJJ,eTbCR, 38roc-
TlilTbCA
steal over sb
(v pr) nOCTeneHHO OBJ1aJJ,eBaTb KeM-J1., 38XBaTblBaTb
KOro-J1., nOJJ,KpaJJ,b1BaTbCA IC KOMY-J1. . He had to admit
that the old age stole over him. <> OH BblHY*D.eH fjblJ1
npIII3HaTb, 'ITO CTapOCTb nOJJ,KpaJJ,blBaeTCR K HeMY.
step over (sb/sth) [uMeeTCR inv]
1 (v adv) 38XOD,HTb, 38CKO'llllTb (ICY.Qa-n.) "'S03MO)l(HO C
nocnBAYJQIlU'IM npeAl10rOM to . Please step some time
over to my garage, J need some help. <> 6YJJ,b JJ,06p,

94
..
38CK0'4V1 lCaK-HVl6YAb B MO'" rapaJlC, MHe HyJKHa KOe-
KaKaR nOMOUib.
2 (v pr) nepewarHyrb, nepec"T)'nlllTb '4epe3 KOro-J1./
'4TO-J1. . Why must I step over 0/1 these toys coming
home? Take them away right now! 0 nO'4eMY R AOJ1JKeH
nepecTYnaTb '4epe3 Bce TOOI'! IIIrpYWKVI, nplllXOAR AO-
MO"'? Y6epllllllx ce"''4ac JKe!
- overstep
[vI nepeC"T)'naTb, nepeWarlilBaTb; nepeXOAl'lTb rpaHlIIllbI
stop over (v adv) [HMeeTCSl n]
1 OCTaHOBIIITbCR Ha HO'4eBKY BO BpeMR nyrewecTBIIIR
(oc06eHHo npH nepecaAKe C OAHora C8MoneT8 H8
JWyroH) . There was an unforgellable occurrence when
we had to stop over for two nights in some unknown
town. 0 CIIIJ1OCb He386b1BaeMOe npolllcwecTBlile 00
BpeMR BblHyJKAeHHo'" OCTaHOBKIII Ha ABe HO'4V1 B lCaKOM-
TO Helll3BeCTHOM ropolllllwlCe.
2 nOCeTI'!Tb (K8Koe-n. Mecro) Ha 1C0poTKoe BpeMR
. Have we time to stop over for having a snack? 0 Y Hac
eCTb BpeMR OCTaHOBIIITbCR rAe-HIII6YAb 3aKYCVITb?
D stop-over
[nJ KOpOTKaR OCTaHOBKa B nyrlll . We had to have two
stop-overs. 0 HaM nplllWJ10Cb ABa paaa OCTaHaBJ1I11-
BaTbCR B nyrlll.
switch (sb/sth) over
(v adv, v n adv) [HMeen:SI nI nepeXOAl'lTb (Ha JWYryKJ
TeMY. Ha JWyrylO CHCTeMY H T.n.); nepeBOAl'lTb, nepe-
ICJ1IO'4aTb 1C0ro-J1./'4TO-J1. (Ha J1.PyrylO pa60ry. Ha J1.PyrylO
TeMY H T.n.) <B03MOJKHO C noclleAYIOM npeA/lorOM ro

"-
95 I
. My mother usually tries to swilch my father over to the
home affairs when he tells her about his job. 0 MOSt MaTb
06b1tjHo c-rapaeTCSI nepelUllO'IJ.1Tb OTL4Ii Ha IJ,OM8WHJ.1e _
IJ,e113, KorA3 OH paCClCa3b1B8eT 0 cBoe'" pal5OTe. . When
did your country swilch over to new money? 0 KorlJ,8 I
saws CTpaHa nepeW113 Ha HOBbiB IJ,BHbI"J.1?
D swltch-over
[nJ nepexolJ, (HB 'ITO-n. .Qpyroe) . Nobody expected him
to make a swilch-over to teaching English. 0 HJ.1KTO He
O)l(J.1A8f1, '1TO OH nepeiiilJ,eT Ha npenOA3B8HJ.1e aHrJ1J.1iii-
CKoro Sl3b1Ka.
take (sb/sth) over (sth) [lfMeeT n If inv]
1 (v n adv) nepeB03J.1Tb, nepeBOIJ,J.1Tb, !1epeHOCJ.1Tb
1C0ro-I1./tjTO-I1. (H8 APyroe MBCTO) <803Ilol0)1(110 c nocne-
AYJQIW1M npeAl10rOM ro . We tool the TV-set over to the
right wall where it was more convenient for watching it,
o Mbi nepeCT8BMIlJ.1 Tel1eBJ.130p K npaeoiii CTeHe, rlJ,B
6b11lO 6011ee ylJ,OI5HO CMOTpeTb ero.
- overtake
[v] IJ,OrOHSlTb, HaBepcTblB8Tb; neperOHSlTb
[nJ 06roH
2 (v adv, ) npJ.1H"'MaTb (KaKMe-l1. <I>}'HKl4"'''', IJ,OIl)l(-
HOCTb, IJ,ella) (y Koro-n. .Qpyroro) <l(803MO)l(HO c noone-
AM npeA/1oroM from . J couldn't go on holiday last
month because I had to take over the firm from my boss.
o s:I He CMor noiiim B omyclC B npowlloM MBcsue, TalC
KaIC MHe npJ.1WIlOCb np"'HSlTb <I>"'PMY OT Moero weePa.
3 (!La.dY..n) 38XBaTJ.1Tb %10-11. "'11'" rlJ,e-ll. B1I8CTb; B3S1Tb
ynpaBlleHJ.1e tjeM-Il. B CBOJ.1 pyKJ.1 <8031\o1O)I(HO C nocne-
Ayt0U4HM npe.qnorOM 'rom . The prince understood that

96
-
the tim£ for taking over all the country had drawn near.
o npMH nOHAn. 'ITO npMwno BpeMA 38XBaTB BnaCTM no
BceM CTpaHe.
c take-over
[nJ nepeBopoT, 3axBaT BnaCTM . This small firm will
soon become a subject of tau-ov(r. 0 3TH MaIIeHbKBfI
<t>MPMa CKOpo CTaHeT 06beKTOM CMeHbI BMCTM.
- overtake
[v] 38CTMrHyrb (spacnnox)
4 (v n pr) nOMorSTb 1C0My-n. npeOIJ,OneTb 'ITO-n.
. Would you lilre your brother to taU you over the
homework? 0 Tbi XOTen 6b1, 'ITo6b1 TBOM 6paT -nOMQf'
Te6e C AOMawHeM pa60TOM?
talk sb/sth over (HMeeTCR inv)
1 (v n adv) o6cyJK,a.aTb nO.Qp06Ho, IJ,MCKyrMpoBaTb, 06-
rOBapMBaTb 'lTo-n. (e KeM-n.) <B03MOIICHO C nocl1e,QytO-
IJ.tI1M npeAl10rOM witf1 . He talud the itiformlltion over
with his secretary. <> OHM C celq)eTSpweM nO.Qp06HO
06cylJ,MnM MH<t>opMalU'llO. => tal" through
- overtalk
[0] M31IMWHAA pa3rOBOp'lMBOCTb; 6onToBHA
2 () y6e>K,ll,8Tb Koro-n. M3MeHMTb CBOe MHeHMe;
nepey6e>K,ll,8Tb Koro-n.; OTrOBopMTb Koro-n. B CBOIO
nonb3Y . In the end I managed to talk my colleagues
over, and they agreed to vote in favour of my plan. <> B
1C0He ICOHOB MHe YA8110Cb nepey()e,D,lllTb MOMX 1C0nner,
M OHM cornaCMnMCb nporOnOCOBaTb B nonb3Y Mooro
nMHa. => talk aroundlround
· talk over smb's head
(v pr) P83r. "rOBopMTb 330nOBbiM A3b1KOM"; roBOpMTb


97
TaK, "T06b1 IITo-n. lJ.PYroiil He nOHfln «B03MOJICHO III talk
above 5mb's head';> . Next time please maJre sure you in-
vite someone who won't talk over our heads. () B cne- _
AYlOlJU'liiI pa3, nO>Ka11YMcTa, y6eAMCb, 'frO npMrnawaewb
..enOBeKa, KOTOpbliil6YAeT rOBOpMTb nOHflTHbiM fl3b11COM.
tell sth o"er I
(v n 8dv) nOBTOpslTb, nepeCKa3b1BaTb "To-n. HeOA-
HOKpaTHO . How many times must I teU my words over
to get to you? () ClConbKO pa3 fI A011)1(H8 nOeTOpslTb CBOM
cnOBa, "T06b1 AOW110 AO Te&l?
think sth over (v n adv)
1 06AYMaTb "To-n. Cepbe3HO; KaK CJ18AyeT nOpa3Mblw-
I1SJTb H8A ..eM-I1. . J told you the main idea. Think il
over and then give me your opinion. () SI BblCI<83811 TaOe
fJ1aBHYIO Mblcnb. 06AyMaiil ee XOPOWBHbKO M 38TBM
ClCaJlCM MHe CBOe MHBHMB.  think out, think through
2 38HOeo nOAYMaTb 0 ..eM-I1. . Your solution is not cor-
rect. Please think the problem over and then show the
answer again. () Baw OTBBT l;IeeBpeH. nOJKa11yiilcrn,
nOAYMaiilTB eB pa3 H8A 38,11,8..eiil M nOTOM CHOBa no-
K.8)I(HTB OTBBT.
turn (sb/sth) over (HMeeTCfI inv]
1 (v adv, ) nBpeBepH: nepeBOpa..MB8Tb
'fr0-11. . The policeman turned the dead body over and
asked Ihe woman whether she Icnew thaI man. () nOnM-
UBiilclCMi'I nepeBBPHYn MepTBoe Tel10 M cnpocMll )l(eH-
IJU'IHY, 3HaeT nM OHa 3Toro ..eI10eeKa. . We saw a car
turn over after the crash. () Mbi eMABnM, K8K M8WMHa
nepeeopa"MBanaCb nocne CTOI1KHoeeHMfI.
4 B. f. CTOIIJIP

98
.
- overturn
[n]onpOIC"ABaH"e.nepeBopa"BaH"e
2 (v n adv) nepeBepHYTb, nepeBopoW"Tb TO-II. (8
nOUCK8J( 'Iera-n.) . Just before departure of train she
started turning her luggage over to search for the tick-
ets. 0 npl'!MO nepeA ompaBlleH"eM noe3A8 OHa HaaJ1a
Pn.cfI B CBoeM OarIDKe B no"cKaX l5W1eTOB.
3 (v n adv) nepeAaBaTb '!T0-11. (.LIeno, 3at50Tbl U r.n.)
<OObl'lHO c nocnellYIOM npeAl10rOM IO . My father de-
cided to turn his invention over to the plant. 0 MOH OTel.l
peW"1I nepeA8Tb CBoe "300peTeH"e 38eOAY.
walk (sb/sth) over (sb) [UMe6TC1I n H Inv]
1 (v n aclv) npOBO>KaTb, AOCTaBJ1I'!Tb, 6paTb C C0150H
1C0rO-II./'ITO-11. (KYJl8-n.) <{B03MO)I(HO c nocnellYIOUlHM
npeAl10rOM IO . The guide knew how to wall that man
over to the safe place. 0 npOBQAH"K 3HaJ1. KaK npoBecT"
Toro 'Ie110BeKa IC 6e30naCHOMY Mecry.
- ovelW8lk
[n] XOA"Tb CII"WKOM A8I1eKO
2 (v pr) P83r. O,llOl1eTb, nOOOA"Tb, HaHecTioI n011Hoe
nOpa>KeH"e KOMY-II. (npoTU8HHKY. conepHHKY, HanB-
JlBIOU/eMY H r.n.) . He managed to wall over three com-
petitors and to take first place. 0 EMY YA8110Cb 060im1
TpeX COnepH"ICOB " 38HI'!Tb nepBoe MeCTO.
D walk-over
(n] lIerlCal'! noOeA8; "pa3 nIlIOHyn," . He considers this
competition as a wall-over though there are competi-
tors much stronger than him. 0 OH C'I"TaeT 3TO co-
peBHOBaH"e 11erK"M, XOUl TaM eCTb Y'laCTH"K" ro-
pa3AO C"lIbHee ero.

99
wash over sb
(v pr) pa3r. npOMCXOA\llTb HeaaMeTHO.o,l1J1 KOrO-J1., 6e3
oc06oro BJ1MJlHMJI"Ha KOrO-J1. . You can continue if you _
wish, but anyway. all you are talldng to me about is
washing over me. 0 TbI MO>KeWb npOAQJ1>KaTb, ecJ1M J
)l(eJ1aeWb, HO Bce paBHO Bce, "ITO TbI rOBopMWb MHe, ,
npoXOA\llT MMMO MOW( yweA.
work sb over
() pa3r. M36MBaTb KOrO-J1. . After somebody
worlced him over in the park he decided to become a
boxer. 0 nOCJ1e Toro I(8IC KTO-TO M36MJ1 ero B napKe, OH
peWMJ1 CTaTb 60KcepoM.
work under sb
(v pr) pa60TaTb nOA "IbMM-J1. pyKOBOACTBOM . It s better
to have less salary than to work "nur him. 0 lI}"'1we
nOny"laTb MeHbWYIO aapnJ1a-ry, "IeM pa60TaTb nOA ero
Ha"la.nOM.
4.

100
I 3 across ttlrough
-
PA3JJ:EJI
TEMATMKA PA30BblX rnAronOB:
ABMlt\eHHe CKB03b. <repe3; 3aBepWeHHe. nOi\HOTa; nepeA3'1a M AO-
BeAeHHe Mt$OPMaUMM; npocMOTp. noBTOpeHHe. 0630P, npoBepKa;
CTOi\KHOBeHHe: npeoAOi\eHHe. nOAAePIt\K8
be through (v adv)
1 paar. npHnl IC KOtU,ty (06 OTHOWeHUSlX, 0 Kapbepe, 0
eSlTenbHoeTU U T.n.); nepecTaTb HMeTb Ae110 (e
KeM-n.j'ieM-n.), nOpBaTb (e KeM-n.j'ieM-n.) 'B03MO)l(HO
c nOCJ1e,qM npe,Q./lorOIlll wittJ . It's a pity YOII are
through with Anna. 0 )f(aJlb, '1TO Tbi nopBaJI C AHHO.
. You should know that you are through if you insult
your mother. 0 Tbi AOl1)1(eH 3HaTb, '1TO Tbi 3aKoHLleHHbI
'1e110BeK, eC11H oClCop611Rewb CBOIO MaTb.
2 6b1Tb coeAHHeHHblM no Tel1e<t>oHY (e KeM-n.)
'B0311110)l(HO c nOCl1eAyJOlUMM npe,Q./lOrOM to}> . You'll be
through to Tver in a few minlltes. 0 Sac coeAHHRT C
TBepblO Llepe3 HeCKOl1bKO MHHyr.  come through, put
through
be through with sb/sth
(v adv pr) paar. YCTaTb OT KorO-I1./Liero-I1., CTaTb He-
YAOBl1eTBopeHHblM KeM-I1./LleM-I1. . Thank yoll very

101
much, J om through with your sweet words. 0 60l1bWoe
cnacI;I60,  CblTa no ropno TBOI;IMI;I naCICOBblMI;I pe'laMl;I.
break through (8th) [.,MeeTCSI n]
1 (v adv, v pr) npopBaTbCSl, npo6l;1TbC ('1epe3 '1TO-n.)
(TalOlCe c np.,MeHeH.,eM c.,nbl) . Our tank brolce --...I
through (a barrier) 10 the village and entered a battle. 0 
Haw TaHK npopBaJlc ('1epe3 orproKAeHl;le) K AepeBHe 1;1
BC1Y n l;ln B 60H. . We looked in the sky and waitedfor the
moon to break through (the clouds). 0 Mbi CMOTpe111;1 H8
He60 1;1 )l(,ll,8nl;l, nOlCa nOSlBI;ITC nYHa (1013-38 06n81C0B).
c breakthrough
[nJ 806H. npopblB . Only due to this breakthrough we
drove the enemy away. o' TonbKO 6naroA8P 3TOMY
npopbley Mbi nporHaJ11;1 spara.
2 (v adv) cOBepwMTb npopblB (8 K8KOH-n. 06nacT/il
HaYK/II, npo.,380J1,CT88 ., T.n.); AOCTl;lrHYTb BbiCOlCl;IX
L4eneH, pe3YI1bTaTOB <l{s03MOJKHO C nocneAyK)UlMM npeA-
J10rOM in  . Our science has brolcen through in the field
of space research. 0 Hawa HayKa COBepwWJa npopblB B
06naCTI;IICOCMI;I'IeCKI1X MccneAo88HHiII.
c breakthrough
[nJ npopblB B HaYlCe, BbiCOKoe AOCTH>KeHl;le, OTKPblTMe
. We have made an important breakthrough in this field.
o Mbi cosepWHnH 88)l(HOe OTKpbITHe B 3TOill 06naCTI;I.
3 (v pr) npoHHKHyrb, np06HTbC CKB03b '1TO-I1.; npe-
OJlOl1eTb '1TO-n. (38TPYJ1,H/ilTenbHble 06cTOf(TenbCTB8,
npo6neMbI, 3MOU"" ., T.n.) . He managed to break
through his timidity and to tell her very important
words. 0 EMY YA8I1OCb npeoAolleTb CBOIO po6ocTb H
CK83aTb ei'\ O'leHb 88)l(Hbie CIlOBa.

-
III
102
bring sb through (sth)
(, v n pr) cnaCTI1 KorO-II.; nOMO'Ib ICOMY-II. BbITIoI
1113 KaKOrO-II. TPYAHoro 11111111 onaCHoro nOllo*eHIIISI. 1113
6eAbl; BblJle'llllTb KorO-II. (or TR)I(enOH t50ne3HH) . Only
the faith in myself brought me through (that difficult
time of my life). <> TOJlbKO Bepa 8 caMoro ce6A nOMorna
MHe BbI*IIITb (B TOT TPYAHbI nepliloA Moe >K1113HIII).
=> come through .
carry sb/sth through (sth)
1 (v n aclv) OCYUleCTBIIATb 'ITO-II., AOBOAlIITb 'ITO-II. .0.0
3aBepweHIIIA . Will we have enough monEY to carry our
enterprise through? <> Dy.ueT 11111 y Hac AOCTaTO'lHO Ae-
Her OCYUleCTBIIITb Hawe npeAllPIIISlTllle? => put through
2 (1LO..adY., v n pr) nOMO'ib KOMY-I1. BbI*IIITb, npeo.uolleTb
KaKllle-Jl. TPYAHOCTIII; nOAAep*aTb KOrO-Jl. (B rpy.o.Hoe
BpeMR) . Only the hope for a better life carried them
thruugh the crisis. <> TOJlbKO Ha,D.e>KA8 H8 IIYWYIO *III3Hb
nOMorna 111M nepe*IIITb KpIll3111C. => carry over
check (sth) through (sth)
(v pr.) [HMeeTCI'/ n) npOBepSlTb, npOCM8TplllB8Tb
'ITO-II. (reKcr, ycrpoHcrBo, nOMeeHHe H r.n.) . It was
very kind of Mr. Lewis to check some chapters of the
dictionary through (or: ...to check through some chap-
ters of the dictionary). <> DbllIO O'leHb 11106e3Ho co CTO-
pOHbI rocnOAlilHa nylolca npoBeplllTb HeKoTopble rnaBbi
clloBapSl.
D check-through
[n) npoBepKa, npOCMOTp . It was very kind of him to
give the dictionary a careful check-through. <> Dbl110

103
O'leHb nlO6e3HO C ero CTOpOHbI TTel1bHO npOBep
C110sapb.
come across (sb/sth)
1 (v adv. v pr) nepexoI1Tb 'Iepe3 opory, nepecel<8Tb
I<8KYIO-n. MeCTHOCTb <i{MHorA8 c nocneAYIOLWIIM npeAl10rOM 
to}> . J saw him come across (the square) to that house. ...,
<>  Bl'IAen, I<8IC OH npoxOl1n ('Iepe3 nl1ob) IC TOMY
OMY.
2 (v pr) HeO)l{!1A8HHO cTonKHyrbCS1 C KeM-n./'IeM-n.,
06HapyJI<l1Tb'lTO-I1. . Did he come across any mistakes
checking through the dictionary? <> 06HapyJl<IoIJ1 1111 OH
I<8Kl1e-HIoI6YAb OWI161CIoI, npolSepslSl C110Bapb?  rlln
across, rlln into
3 (v adv) OMTI1 AO 'IbE!rO-I1. C03HaHHSI. CTaTb nOHSlTHbiM
. I doubt that )'our idea will come across. <> COMHe-
salOCb, 'ITO TBOSI MblC11b OYAeT nOHSlTa.  get across,
put across
come through (sth)
1 (v adv, v pr) BblCTYnl1Tb Ha nOBepXHOCTIol 'Iero-n.,
npoco'llolTbCSI (CKB03b 'ITO-n.) . Look at the ceiling, the
water comes through (it). <> nOCMOrpH Ha nOTonOK,
BO8 npoca'ilolB8eTCSI ('Iepe3 Hero).
2 (v adv) npoSlBI1S1TbCSI, CT8Tb BIoIAIoIMblM, oOHapy-
)l{1oIB8TbCSI (0 xapaKTepe. npUBbI'lKe U T.n.) . J hope at
least something will come through when you examine
him. <> H8,D.elOcb. XOTb 'fT0-HI10YAb npoSlBIoITCSI. KorA8 Bbi
ero npo3K38MeHyeTe.  show through
3 (v adv. v pr) nonpaBJUfTbCSI (nocl1e 00l1e3HH); nape-
HeCTl1, nepe)l{loITb (Ool1e3Hb, TPYAHOC1VI 11 T.n.) . Only

104
due to the faith we managed to come through (at) that
difficult time. 0 TOllbKO 611aroABPR eepe HaM YA8J10Cb
nepe)l(MTb TO TPYAHoe SpeMR, => bring through
I cut across 8th (v pr)
 1 MATH nPRMHKOM 'Iepe3 'ITO-II. (COlCpSU4BfJ nyrb) . J
,.... found a narrow path and cutllcross the forest. 0 SI Ha-
WeI1 Y3KYIO TpOny H nowell npRMHKOM 'Iepe3 llee.
2 MATH Bpa3pe3 C 'IeM-II., npOTHBOpe'lHTb 'IeMY-II.
4.Slmple Tenses> . His opinion c"t across his former
principles. 0 Ero MHeHHe npoTlSOpe'lHIIO ero npe)l(HHM
npHHWoInaM.
cut (8th) through 8th
1 (v n pr, v pr) npo6MTb, npoPyr5HTb J(8ICOM-II. nytl> 'Iepe3
'ITO-II.; npoPyr5KTbCR, npo6paTbCR 'Iepe3 'ITO-II. . They
had to cut (their way) through a lot oj barriers. 0 101M
npHWIIOCb npOK/18,O,blBaTb CBOH nyrb (H./IH: ...npoOM-
paTbCR) 'Iepe3 MHO)l(eCTBO 3arpa>K,D.eHHi;t
2 (v pr) 06xOAHTb. npeOAOlleBaTb J(8KJ.1e-lI. TPYAHOCTH
(s 0c06eHHOCTH t5lOpoICP8TH'lecICHe) . What formalities
should we CUI through to get a new flat? 0 KaICHe 4>oP-
Ma11bHOCTH Mbi AOroKHbI npeoAolleTb. 'IT06b1 nOl1y<1HTb
HOSYIO ICsapTHPY?
fall through (8th)
1 (vadv, v pr) npoS811MTbCR (CICB03b 'ITO-II.) . Be care-
fUL. you can/all through (the ro"en boards) if you go
this way. 0 6YAb OCTOpO)l(eH, Tbi MO)l(eWb nposanKTbCR
(CICB03b nporHHBWHe AOCICH), eCIIH nOMAewb 3AeCb.
2 (v adv) He COCTORTbCR. nOTepneTb HeYAB'IY. npo-
S811HTbCR (0 nnaHe, npoelCTe, MeponpHRTHH H T.n.)

105
. We hoped to get a big income of our deposit but it all
feU through. <> Mbi XOTenlol nOHTb 6onbWOH AOXQ,II, OT
BJUJa,Aa, HO nOTepA11101 Bee AeHbrlol.
follow sth through
(v n adv) [HMeeTGR n] TOHO cneAOBaTb eMy-n. ...
(HHCTPYKWfH, nnBHY H T.n.); AOBOAHTb To-n. AO norM- 
'leCKOro 3aBepweHHA . We should foUow this experi- I
ment through to the end in spite of everything. <> Mbi
A01DkHbI AOBeCT\II 3TOT 3KcneplolMeHT AO KOHII8, HeB3lo1-
paR HM H8 TO.
D follow-through
[n] AOBeAeHHe AO 1C0HII8; nOCTOAHH8A, CIoICTeM8T\11-
ecK8A pa60Ta . To work for our finn means for you a
persistent follow-through. <> Pa60T8Tb H8 H2weH
ct>loIpMe 03HaaeT AlIA BaC ynopCTBo 101 HaCTOHIoIBOCTb B
Aene.
get (sb/sth) across (sb/sth)
1 (v adv. v pro , v n pr) nepexoAIoITb. nepe-
6lo1paTbcA; nepenpaBnHTbCA (epe3 ynloly, AOpory.
peKY, MOCT M T.n.); nepeBOAHTb, nepeB03101Tb Koro-n.
('1epe3 '1TO-n.) . Can you help this old woman to gt
across the street (or: ...help to gt this old woman
across the street)? <> Bbi MO)l(eTe nOMOb 3TOH CTa-
pywlCe nepeHTH ynloly (IoInH: ...nOMO'Ib nepeBeCT\ll 31)'
CTapyWKY '1epe3 ynMUY)? . How did you gt (your lug-
gage) across? <> KaIC Bbi nepe6panHCb (HflH: KaIC Bbi
nepenpaBWlH CBOH 6ar8JK)? => go across, send across
2 (v pr) ssp BrEpaar. 061i1)K8Tb, p83APaJK8Tb Koro-n., AO-
CIDKASTb 1C0My-n. . Dim 't get across the good woman.

06
I
you'll be sorry for that. 0 He o()M)I(aR XOPOWYIO )l(eH-
uu-tHY, Tbi nO>K811eeWb o() 3TOM.
3 (v adv, v n adv) AOXOAL<lTb (Ao Koro-n.), ()b1Tb
nOHRTHblM, npMHflTblM (KeM-n.); AoeecTM, coo()lI..\mb,
flCHO M31I0)l(MTb, nepE!A8Tb '1TO-n. (HHtj)oPM8l4HIO, no-
cnaHMe M T.n.; KOMy-n.) B03MO)ICHO c nOCl1eAYIOM
npeA/lOrOM to» . J am sure my words didn't getllCross
(to your head). 0 YeepeH, '1TO MOM cnoea He nOHflTbI
(W1H: ...He AownM AO TBOero C03HaHMfI). . Did you get
my words across to her? 0 Tlol flCHO nepeASJI eM MOIo1
cnoea?  come across, get over
get (sb/sth) through (sth)
1 (v adv, v pr, v n adv, v n pr) npoXOAMTb, npo6MpaTbCfI.
npone38Tb, npOCa'iMeaTbCfI ('1epe3 '1To-n., CKB03b
'!To-n.); npoTaCICMBaTb, npOHOCMTb'lTO-n. ('1epe3'1TO-n.)
. Help me, please. Jean 't get this thread through (the
EYe of the needle). 0 nOMorM MHe, nO>K811YRCT8, fI He
MOry npoAeTb 31)' HMTKY ('1epe3 yronbHoe YWKO). . I
wonder how they managed to get through (such a nar-
row hole). 0 HTepecHo, KaK MM YASJIOCb npo()paTbCII
(CICB03b TaKYIO Y3KYIO AblPY)?  go through
2 (v adv, v pr, , v n pr) npO)l(lotTb, nepe)l(L<lTb
(TPYAHble epeMeHa); BblAep)l(aTb (slC38MeHbl, L<lCnblT8-
HMfI 101 T.n.); nOMO'ib ICOMY-Il. npoRn! McnblTaHMfI, BbI-
Aep>KaTb SK38MeHbI . She got through (the heavy ill-
ness) only due "to the pretty hospital nurse. 0 OHa BbI-
Aep>K811a (TII)I(enylO ()one3Hb) TonbKO 6naroASpfl Xopo-
weHbKoR MeAcecTj)e. . All the month J was getting two
students through the exams. 0 Becb MeCflLI fI nOMoran
ABYM C1)'AeHTaM CAQBaTb 3K38MeHbI.  go through,
put through

107
3 Iv aclv, JL.n...adIl) AOXOAMTb (.QO Koro-n.), non8,lJ,8Tb (K
KOMy-n.); AOCT8BIIRTb "'TO-II. (KOMY-n.) <B03MOJKHO c no-
cne.o.YIOU4MM"npeA/lOrOM ro}> . In recent time my letters
didn't get through to her by unknown reason. 0 no He-
H3BeCTHoiii npH.......He B nOClleAHee BpeMI'I MOIII nlllCbMa _
He AOXOAJIIII.... AO Hee. . You should get my message
through (to them) anyhow. 0 Tbi AOn)l(eH AOCTaBKTb Moe
nocnaH....e (K H....M) BO "'TO (jbl TO Hili CTa1IO.
4 (v aclv, ) COeAl1H....TbCI'I, CBI'I38TbCS! no Te-
ne<!X>HY, no PBAlliO (c KeM-n.); COeAJIIHIIITb, CBI'I38Tb
1C0ro-n. no Tene4!oHY, no PBA....O (c KeM-n.) <B03MOJKHO C
nocne.o.YIOM npeA/lOrOM to}> . Something wrong with
telephone, I couldn't gel through to you for the whole
hour. 0 YTO-TO CJ1Y'l....nOCb C Tene4!oHoM, 1'1 enbiA ...ac
He Mor A03BOHKTbCSl AO Te61'1. . The operator was very
kind to get me through (to Moscow) in the fixed hour.
o OnepaTOp (jbln o...eHb m06e3eH COeAl1H....Tb MeHI'I no
Tene4!oHY {c MOCIC80iii) B YCTaHoBneHHbliii ...ac.  put
through
5 (v pr, vadv) 38BepwIIITb, 3aKOH.......Tb (KaKYJO-n. pa60ry,
"'TeHHe, n....cbMo, AeI'lTellbHOCTb.... T.n.) .<.o.nSl CTPYKT)'pbl (v
adv) B03MOJKHO C nocne.o.YKJM npe.o.noroM with}> . Wait,
/'II just get through (with) this letter and go. <> nOAO-
)I(,IJ.III, 1'1 TonbKO 38KOH...Y 3TO n....CbMO .... noiiiAY.
get (sth) through to sb.
(v adv pr, v n adv pr) AOBeCTH "'To-n. (elO, cnosa H
r.n.) AO "'berO-lI. C03HaH....I'I; A8Tb KOMy-n. nOHI'ITb 'fTo-n.;
AoiiiTH AO Koro-n. (0 cnOS8X, H.l1ee, MblcnH H r.n.)
. In recent time I can't get my words through (or:
...time my words can't get through) to you. <> B noclleA-
Hee BpeMI'I MO.... ClIosa HlilKaIC He AOXOASlT AO Te61'1,

108
go across (8th)
(vadv. v pr) nepeXOAMTb ('Iepe3 'ITO-n.), nepeceKaTb
I ('ITO-n.) «B03MO)ICHO c nocneAYlOlLI MM npeAl10rOM to
 . Please go across (this road) to that shop. <> nOJKa-
nyW:T8, npoM,D.III S TOT Mara3MH 'Iepe3 AOpory.  get
across, take across
go through (8th)
1 (vadv, v pr) npoXO,D.IIITb (rAe-n., 'Iepe3 'ITO-n.) . /
can 'I make Ihis thread go through (the I'e of Ihe nee-
d/e). <> 51 HIilKalC He MOry 3aCTSSMTb HMTlCY npOMTM 'Iepe3
MronbHoe YWICO.  get through
2 (v pr) npOCMaTpMSSTb, OCMaTpMB8Tb. nposepRTb
'iTO-n.; nOBTOpRTb KaICOM-n. M8Teplll81l . Every day my
mOlher goes through my mark book <> I<a>K,w.IM AeHb
MOR MaMa npOCMaTpMB8eT MOM AHesHMK.  go over
3 (v pr) npoxOAIIITb'iepe3 KaICMe-n. CT8,D,MM, COBepWIiITb
K81CIIIB-n. 06R3aTenbHble AeMCTBMR . If you want to
enler this institute you 'JI have 10 go through two exams.
<> EcnM TbI XO'leWb nOCTynMTb B 3TOT IIIHCTMTyT, Te6e
npM,D,eTCJI C,t\aB8Tb .O,Ba 31C3aMBHa.
4 (v pr) nepe)l(MTb, BblAepJKaTb 'ITO-n., npOMT\II'Iepe3
'ITO-n. (06b1'/HO HenpHSITHoe), BblHBCTM 'no-no (rpYJI-
HOCTH, rope H T.n.) . Jt was very' difficult day: I would-
n " like to go through thai again. <> 3m 6b1n O'IeHb
TPY.AHblM AeHb; JI 6b1 He XOTen nepe)l(MTb TSlCoe CHOB8.
 get through, pass through
knock (sth) through
(v sdv, v n sdv ) CHMMaTb, np06MBaTb CTeHY MnH.
neperopo.O,"Y (B lCaKOM-n. nOMeU4eHMM) ('/To6b1 pac-

109
WHpHTb era HnH Coe.llHHHTb C .QIJyrHM nOMeUleHHeM)
. We decided to knock through between the kitchen and
the rrom. 0 Mbi pewlilm" coeAIiIHIiITb KYXHIO C 1C0MHaTO.
. Jte knocked that room through to make it larger. 0 Mbi
CHAIWI CTeHY B TO KOMHaTe, 'fTOObi paCWIilPtlTb ee.
let sb/sth through (sth)
(v n adv, v n pr) nponycK8Tb Koro-n./'fTO-n. ('fepe3
'TO-n.J . Don't let them through (the corridor). 0 He
nponyCKaTe tlX 'fepe3 1C0PiolAOP.
live through sth
(v pr) nepe)KtlTb, nepeHeCfi'I 'fTO-n. TPYAHoe . Can it
really be true, that we have lived through this unexpect-
ed inflation? 0 Hey>Kentl Mbi nepe)KWltI 3TY Heo>KtI-
A8HHYIO IoIHcpIlSiUIilIO?
look (sth) through (sb/sth) (HMeeTeR nJ
1 (v pr) CMOTpeTb 'fepe3 'fTO-n. . This woman can look
through the body of man and see his internal organs.
o STa )KeHllttlHa MO)KeT CMOTpeTb CKB03b TellO 'fenOBe-
Ka tI BWJ,eTb era BHyrpeHHtle opr8HbI.
2 (. v pr) BHtlMarellbHO npOCM8TptlBaTb, tl38Tb
'fTO-n.; 6b1cTPO npontlCT8Tb 'fTO-n. (s LlenRX nposepKH.
03H8KOMneHHfI H"T.n.) . I would like to look your home
composition through (or: ...to 100J. through your home
composition). 0 S1 6b1 XOTen npOCMOTpeTb TBoe AOM8W-
Hee CO'ftlHeHiole.  look over
D look-through
(nJ 6b1cTpbl npoCMOTp .1 would like to give your home
composition a quick 10oJ.-through. 0 MHe 6b1 XOTenOCb
6b1CTPO npoCMOTpeTb moe AOMaWHee CO'ftlHeHtle.
..
I

110
3 (v pr) Bt1AeTb 1C0rO-II./'iTO-II. HaCKB03b; He 06Ma-
HbiBaTbCR Ha 'ieM-II. C'ieT .1 tried to cheat him. but any-
way he looked through my lies. 0  nbITanCR erc 0(5-
I MaHyrb, HO OH Bee paBHO He nOA.D,a11CR O(5MaHY.
a..a pass through (sth)
J- 1 (v adv, v pr) npoexaTb, npoi.1nt 'iepe3 KalC}'lO-n.
MeCTHOCTb (He ocrsHasnH8sRCb) . Sorry, we can't stay
with you, we are just passing through (your village).
o 1i13BIltHIltTe, Mbi He MO>KeM OCTaHOBIltTbCR Y Bac, Mbi
npoCTO npOe3>KaeM 'iepe3 Bawy AepeBHIO.
2 (v pr) npOMTIlt lit 3aKOH'IIItTb IC}'pC 06y<1eHlltR rAe-no (8
WKone, KOnnelrJKe, uHcTHryre U T.n.) . Have you passed
through the college you entered two years ago? 0 Tbi
3aKOH'Ilitn 06y>ieHllte B 1C0nneA*e, B KOTOPblM nocrynan
ABa rcAS Ha3a,o,?
3 (v pr) nepe>KIltTb, t1cnbITaTb 'ITO-II. . How did you
manage to pass through such a difficult time? 0 KaK BaM
YAallOCb nepe>KIltTb TaKoe TPYAHoe BpeMR? :) go
through
pull (sb) through (sth)
(vadv, v pr,, v n pr) Bbine'lIltTb Koro-n. OT 60-
lIe3HIIt; (noMOl.Jb KOMY-II.) npeoAoneTb TPYAHOCrn (Ka-
KorO-II. Kpllt311tCa, neplitoAS BpeMeHIlt lit T.n.) . We'll pull
through somehow. 0 Mbl Y>K !Ca1C-HIlt6YAb BblKpyrIltMCR.
. Thank you for pulling my son through the test on
maths. 0 Cnacllt60 saM, 'ITO nOMOr1ll1t HanlitcaTb KOH-
TPOllbHYIO no MaTeMaTIltKe MoeMY CblHY. =:> pull round
push through (sth)
(v adv. v pr) npOT8J1KIltBaTbCSI, npOTIltCKlitsaTbCR, npo-

111
I5BaTbcR ("Iepe3 I(8KOe-l1. npenRTCTBe) . To cui
across the field J had to push through (the long grass).
<> 'iTOI5b1 nOT npRMMKOM "Iepe3 nOl1e, MHe npWl1OCb
npOApaTbCR CKB03b BbiCOKYIO TpaBY.
put sth across (sb/sth) .-
1 (v n adv, v n pr) CTaBTb "ITO-l1. nonepelC "IerO-l1.;
nepeB03Tb "ITO- n. Ha APyrylO CTOPOHY (pelC, Aopom 
1:n.) . To catch the hijackers the police put a chain
across (the road). <> 'iTOI5b1 nOMaTb nOXHTTel1e£1 Ma-
WHbI, nOl1I.U1IR nOl1Q)Kna enb nonepelC (wocce).
2 () AOBOATb "ITO-l1. (.l{o Koro-n.); yl5eA101TenbHo
3l1araTb, $opMynpoBaTb, coOl5ll18Tb"lTO-l1. <lB03MOJII:-
HO C nOCl1e.ayKJllII"M npeA/10rOM ro . Today J have put my
thoughts across to those young people. <> .CeroAHR R
AOBen CBO Mblcn AO Tex MonOAbiX nIOAe£1.  come
across
3 (v n adv) pasr. ycnewHo npOAenaTb "ITO-n.
. Tomorrow we must put some affairs across. <> 3aBTjJa
Mbi AOJ1)l(Hbi npoBepHyrb 1C0e-l(8lCe Ael1a.
4 (v n pr) pa3r. nowyrTb H8A KeM-n., 015M8Hyrb 1C0rO-11.
""8 K3eCTBB npRMoro AOnOI1HBHMA MCnOnb3yKJTCA CI10Ba it,
thIS, one, anything, something . Only today J understood
that you had just put this across me. <> 51 TOl1blCO cerOAHR
nOHRl1, "ITO Tbi MeHR npOCTO HBJJ.yn.  put over
put sb/sth through (sth) [HMeeTCSI inv]
1 (v n adv) ocyw.ecTBTb, 3aKOH"ITb. BbinOnHTb 'fr0-11.
. Will we have enough time to put our business
through? <> XeaTT n y Hac BpeMeH ocyw.eCTBTb
Haw 153Hec?  carry through, take through

-
112
- through-put
[nJ npOH3BOAHTenbHOCTb; npOH3BO,D,CTBO ('Iero-n.)
2 () COe./U1HATb Koro-n. no Tene$oHY <B03MOJKHO
c nocne.nytOM npeA/loroM to . When will you put me
through to the bank? 0 Kor,D,a Bioi COe./U1HHTe MeHA C
OaHKOM?  get through
3 (, v n pr) nO,Q,rOTOBHTb Koro-n. K 3K3aMeHaM;
nOMO'Ib 1C0My-n. ycnewHo 3aICOH'iHTb K8KOe-n. Y'leOHOe
3aBeAeHl1e . Would you put my son through (the
English courses)? 0 Bbi Obi nOMornH M06MY CblHY (3a-
KOH'IKfb KYPCbl aHrnHMCKoro A3b1K8)?  get through
read sth through
(v n adv) npo'iHTblBaTb, npOCMaTpHBaTb BHI1MaTel1bHO
'1TO-I1. (c HB'IaRB 11.0 KOHI.4a) . How long did it take your
teacher to read a/l your home compositions through?
o CKOl1bKO BpeMeHH nOTpeOoaanOCb BaweM Y'lHTenb-
HHue npo'lHTaTb BaWI1 CO'lHHeHHA nOJlHOCTbIO?
run across sb I sth (v pr)
1 nepeOeraTb '1epe3 'ITO- n. (Aopory, wocce H T.n.) . Be
carefUl, don't run across the road here. there is a pedes-
trian subway there. 0 Ey.D.b OCTOpO)KeH, He nepe6eraM
3,O,ecb wocce, TaM eCTb no,D,3eMHblM nepexo,Q,.
2 CJJy'IaMHO HaTonKHyrbCA Ha Koro-I1./'fTO-n.; HeO)KH-
,D,aHHO OC5HapY'KHTb '1TO-n. . J looked for some book and
rlln across S011l£ mon that was hidden in" it. 0 51 HCKaJI
O,Q,HY KHHry H cnY'laMHO 06HaPY'KHn ,D,eHbrH, cnpATaH-
Hble B HeM.  come across, run into
run (sb/sth) through (sth) [HMeeTal n]
1 (v pr) OblCTpO npoOe)KaTb '1epe3 '1TO-I1. . We should

113
run through this forest quicky. 0 MbI AOlDKHbI OblCrpO
np06e>KaTb 'Iepe3 nec.
2 () npolCpyrlotTb 'ITO-n. (neHTY M8rHHTOtPoH8 H
T.n.) . Let s run this part offilm through again. 0 AaBaM
npOKPYTMM 3-ry 'IaCTb <l>W1bMa CHOBa. 
3 (v pr) CAenaTb 0630P 'Iero-n., nOABeCTI1 HTor 'IeMy-n. 
. In conclusion I'll try to run through the main theses I
of my lecture. 0 B 3aKJ1IO'IeHHe SI nOCTapalOcb nOAblTO-
>KHTb rnaBHble nOnO>KeHHSI MoeM neICLlHH. => pass over
c run-through
[n] 0630P . Let s have a run-through of the main the-
ses of my lecture. 0 AaBaMTe CAenaeM OOOop OCHOBHblX
nOnO>KeHI'IM MoeM neICLlHI'I.
4 (v pro v n pr) peneTl'lpOBaTb 'ITO-n. (c K8M-n.); npoMTI'I
38HOBO, nOBTopl'lTb, npol'lrpaTb 'ITO-n. (ceHy, M)'3b1-
KBnbHoe npoH3Be,QeHHe H T.n.) . J would like to run
(you) through the first act once again. 0  6b1 XOTen
elUe pa3 npOBeCTI1 (c B8MH) peneTI1L1HIO nepBoro 8KT8.
=> talee through
c run-through
[n] nporaH, npocnyWI'lBaHl'le; peneTI'ILlIotSI . How was
the run-through? 0 KalC npown8 peneTHLlI'ISI?
5 (v pr) npoH1'I3b1B8Tb, npOnl'lTblBaTb 'ITO-Jl., npoxOAl'lTb
KpacHoM HHTbIQ 'Iepe3 'ITO-n. ('1Spe3 npoH3Be.o.eHHR, .
TBOp'leqTBo. l«H3Hb) . This theme runs through all his
creations. 0 aTa TeM8 npOHl'I3b1BaeT Bce ero TBOpeHl'lfI.
6 (v pr) 6b1crpo paCTpaTI'ITb, npOMOT8Tb AeHbrl'l; WBbI-
pmbCfl AeHbraMI'I . Don't let him run through the first
salary of his. 0 He n03BonSlM eMy 6b1cTpo paCTpantTb
CBOIO nepeylO 38pnna-ry.

114
see sb across (sth)
_ (v n adv, v n pr) nepeBO,D,MTb lCoro-n. ('Iepe3 ,D,Opory,
'Iepe3 npenATCTBMe M T.n.) . Who knows this fen and
. can see us across (il)? 0 KTO 3HaeT 31)' OOn0l11CTylO
MeCTHOCTb M MO)KeT npOBeCTM H8C 'Iepe3 Hee?
see (sb) through (sb/sth) (IotM88TCfI adj]
1 (v pr) BM,D,eTb, CMOTpeTb CICB03b 'ITO-l1. . I can't see
through these glasses. they have dull lenses. 0 SI He
BM>KY CKB03b 3TM O'lKM, Y HMX CTeK1l0 1)'CK1l0e. . prov
One can't see through a brick wall. 0 nocno Hel1b3A
Ol5bATb Heol5bATHoe.
D see-through
(8di] np03pa'lHbliiI, npOCBe'lMB8lOlJ.1IIIiiI . I was on a
fashion show and saw women which were dressed in a
see-through blouses. 0 SI Obll1 Ha nOKa3e MO,D, M BM,D,el1
>KeHIJ.1IIIH, 1C0Topble HOCMl1M np03pa'lHble 0l1Y3ICM.
2 (v prrBM,D,eTb 1C0rO-l1./'ITO-I1. HaCICB03b, npOHMKaTb BO
'ITO-l1. (B c)'UjecTBO .o.ena, B CMblcn lot r.n.) . He could-
n 't cheal anybody, it was easy 10 see through him. 0 OH
He Mor OOM8Hyrb HMlCoro, ero l1erKO 6bl110 Bl'I,D,eTb H8-
CKB03b. . How have you managed 10 see through their
plan? 0 KaIC B8M Y,D,8110Cb p83ra.aaTb MX nn8H? <{cpo c
npl1MepoM D,I1R 3H8'1eHI1R 4
3 (, v n pr) nOMO'Ib 1C0MY-l1. BbI,D,ep)K8Tb, npo-
,D,ep>K8TbCA, BbI>KMTb iii T.n. (B Te'leHMe KaKOrO-l1. ne-
pMO.o.a, BO BpeMA KpM3MC8 M T.n.) . Do.n 't worry, I prom-
ise to see your grandmother through (during) Ihis infla-
tion. 0 He OecnolCoMcA, A oOelU81O nOMO'Ib TBoeM 158-
6YWKe nepe)KMTb 31)' MH4>l1AUMIO.
4 hLJl.mM PfJ3r. cnpaBMTbCA, ynpaBMTbCA C 'IeM-n. (c

115
rpytlHblM nOJlOJICeHHeM, C KpH3HCOM, C p860roi:f. C 38-
tl8HHeM H 1.n.) . How have you managed to see this
tricky job through? () KalC BbI YMYAPIII11I11Cb cnpaBIIITbCR
C 3TOM C110Jl(HOM pa(50TOM? <cpo c .nOCJ1e.nHI'IM nPl'lMBpoM
A/lR 3H8'tBHI'IR 2>
-
I

send sb I sth across sth
(v n pr) nepecbl11aTb, nepenpaBnRTb, nOCbln8Tb lCoro-n./
LjTO-11. '1epe3 '1TO-n. . Don't send your grandson tll:ross
the - road. the traffic is dangerous for him. () He no-
cblllaMTe CBoero BHYK8 '1epea AOpory, ABlIIJICeHllle TpaH-
cnopT8 onaCHO AnR Hero.  get across
show through (sth)
(v adv, v pr) paCKpblB8TbCSI, (5b1Tb BIII.QIIIMblM, npo-
CTynaTb (CKB03b '1TO-n.) (0 X8paKTepe, 0 'iYBCTBBK, 0
r7S1TH8X H T.n.) . The blush has shown through (on) her
cheeks. () KpacKa CMYl1.IeHIIIR npoC1ynlllna H8 ee l1.Iel(8)(.
sit through sth
(v pr) npOClllAeTb, BblClllAeTb AO ICOHLt8 Ljero-n. (co-
6P8H"'rt. CneKT81U1r1 '" 1.n.) . I'll wait for you in the
street, I won't be able to sit through all the opera. 0 SI
noAO*AY Te6R Ha ynJotl.ie, R He CMOry npOClllAeTb BCIO
onepy AO 1C0HLt8. => sit out
slip (sb/sth) through (sth)
(vadv, v pr, v n 8dv, v n pr) npocKOnb3Hyrb (rAe-n.); He-
3aMeTHO npOHeCTIll '1TO-n., nposecTIll Koro-n. (Ljepe3
'1TO- n.) . They tried to slip some deftctive parts through
(the technical control). () OHIII nblT8JlIIICb nponycTIIITb
I(8lCllle-TO HelCa'lecTBeHHble AeT811111 (Ljepea TeXHIII'Iec-

116
K....i1ICOHTpOl1b). . Did my note slip through (the guard)?
o YlJ,aJ10Cb nepeAaTb MOIO 38nlolCIC}' (He3aMeTHO AIlR
OXpaHbI)?
I .. take sb/sth acss (sth)
(v n adv. v n pr) nepeBOAlolTb, nepeB03101Tb 1C0ro-I1./
'tro-l1. ('tepe3 'tTO-I1.). First we must take two children
across (the road) and then the rest two. 0 CH8'tana Mbi
,n011>KHbI nepeBeCTIol ,nBO....x ,neTei1 ('tepe3 ,nopory), 8
38TeM OCT811bHbIX ,nBOIolX.  go across
take sb/sth through (sth)
1 (v n adv, v n pr) npOBeCTIol. npoHecT'" Koro-11.j'tTO-11.
('tepe3 'tTO-11.) . Help me, please. 10 take my car
through (this narrow place). 0 nOMorlolTe MHe. nO)l(8-
11yj;\CT8. npOBe3n1 M8WIoIHY ('tepe3 3TO Y3Koe MecTO).
2 (v n 8dv) ,nOBOAlolTb 'iTO-I1. ,no ICOHI¥!, ocyllteCTBI1RTb
'tTO-11. <B03MOIKHO C nOCl1eAyIOUlHM npeA/10rOM to» . My
main principle is to take any matter through to its end.
o Moe r118BHOe np8BIII110 - ,nOBOA"'Tb I1IO(\oe ,ne110 ,no
ero KOHl¥!.  carry through, put through
3 (v n pr) npoxo,nIllTb lCalCoi1-11. M8Tepillan BMeCTe c
lCeM-I1.. nOMoraTb 1C0MY-I1. B YCBoeH"'1oI K8KI1X-I1. 3H8H",j;\
. I would like you to take me through this poem. 0 S! (\bI
XOTel1, 'tT06b1 Tbi npOBepl1l1, KaK R BblY'I"'11 3TO CTI1XO-
TBopeHllle.  run through
talk sth through
() o(\roBOpl1Tb ,no KOHl¥!, "'C'tepnaTb 'tTO-I1. (Te-
MY, Bonpoc H T.n.), o6cy,nI1Tb 'iTO-11. CO Bcex CTOpoH
<B03MOIKHO C nocneAyIOUIHM npeA/1oroM wttf1 . Did you

117
tllik our plan through with her? 0 BbI nOl1HOCTblO oOcy-
AHl1... C HeM HaW nJlaH?  talk over
wear (8th) through
(v adv, ) ...3HOC...TbCSl, npOTepeTbCSI (.lIo ,LIb/p);
...3HOC...Tb, npOTepeTb'lTO-l1. (tIo ,LIb/p) . It's time to buy
new shoes. you have already worn these through
(or:...new shoes. because these ones have-already worn
through). 0 nopa nOKynaTb HOBbie TY4>l1..., TbI 3nt CTep
IJ.O AblP (unu: ...HOBble TYc!>l1.... TaK KaIC 3T... y*e CTep-
11101Cb coaceM).
think 8th through
(v n adv) 06cTosrrel1bHo, lJ.eTallbHO, TU/,aTe/lbHO npo-
IJ.YMblBaTb 'ITO-/l. . You IOld me very interesting thing; _
give me some time to think it through:. 0 Tbi MHe pac- I
CKa38J1 O'ieHb HHTepeCHYIO ee; ,p,a... MHe HeMHoro
apeMeHH npOIJ.YMaTb 310 KaK CnelJ.yeT.  think over

I
-

I 4
 PA3JtEJI
TEMATMKA 4»PA30BblX rnAronOB:.
after
before
behind
beyond
CJ\eAOBaHMe C38AM - onepeHleHHe: nOIlCK. npecileAOBaHMe
npeACT88AeHHe H8 pacCMOTpeHHe. H8 CYA: 06OCHOBaHHe - BblXOA
38 npeAe"bI; 3aOOT8 - OTAaf\eHMe
ask after sb I sth
(v pr) pa3Y3HaBaTb, OCBeAOMl1S1TbCS'I 0 KOM-l1./&jeM-l1. (0
'1fMX-n. .o.enax, 0 3,lJ.OpoSb6 H T.n.) . Every time I see her
she DSis after your business. 0 I<IDK.D.bI pa3, 1C0rA8 R ee
BM>KY, OHa paccnpaWMBaeT 0 TBoeM I5M3Hece. =:> en-
quire after
be after sb I sth Iv pr)
1 XOTeTb, >Kerunb. Pa3b1CIC\IIBaTb, CTapaTbCS'I nOJ1Y'lKrb,
pa3Aol5b1Tb KOro-l1./&jTO-I1. (cneLlHanHcTB, rpynny,
pa60Ty, nHuw H T. n. ) . I am after a decent job. 0 s:I xO&jY
YCTPOMTbCS'I Ha npMl1M&jHYIO pa6OTY. . What ore they
after? 0 4TO MM Hy*HO?
2 Cl1eAOBaTb 3a lCeM-I1. B I(8IC0M-11. MeCTe, AecTBMM
. Will you allow me to be after you with this interesting
book? 0 Pa3pewMTe MHe B3RTb :ny MHTepecHYIO ICHMry
nocIIe Bac? =:> be before, come after

119
3 npH.o,HpaTbCR, npHCT8BaTb I( KOMY-n. (c KBKoiil-n.
npOCb60iil, rps60s8HHeM) t I can't understand what
you are after me for:" 0 s:I He MOry nOHRTb, C KaKOM CT8TM
TbI npHAHpaeWbCR 1(0 MHe.  uep after
be .before sb I sth (V pr)
1 HaxO.o,HTbCA Bnepe.o,H, p8Hbwe Koro-n./'Iero-n.
t You '/I be able to find me there, /'II be three rows be- ...
fore you. 0 Bbi CMO>KeTB Ha MeHA TaM, A 6yAY Ha TPH --,
pR,D,8 Bnepe.o.H Bac.  be after, come before 
2 npe.o,cT8Tb nepe.o, lCeM-n'/'IeM-II. (nepe"Q JlClOpH,
CYOM, coseTOM H T.n.) t You '/I have to be before the
school board again. 0 TeOe onATb H8,IJ,O npB.o,cT8Tb ne- ·
pe.o. WKOllbHblM COBeTOM.  bring before, go before,
pllt before
be behind sth
(v pr) OblTb OO"bRCHeHHeM 'IerO-II., CTORTb 38 KaICHM-n.
coObiTMeM t I can't understand what was behind the
changing her opinion about me. 0 He MOry nOHRTb, 'ITO
nOCI1y*Hno npH'tHHOM H3MeHeHHA ee OTHOUIBHHR 1(0
MHB.  lie behind
· be behind the times
(v pr) OblTb HecoBpeMeHHblM, OTCT811b1M, yCT8pellblM,
CT8poMO.o.HblM (0 n/OJUlx, s3rnsvt8X, otSP838 "'H3HH H
T.n.) tIt's impossible to live nowadays with such views,
you are behind the times. 0 C T8KHMH B3f11R,D,8MH B Ha-
WH ,D,HH He npo>KHBeWb, Tbi OTCTaeWb OT >KH3tM.
be beyond sth
(v pr) OblTb, HaxOAHTbCR 38 npe.o,BI18MH, 38 rpaHHMH
'tero-n. (&lbHX-n. S03MOJICHOCT8H, OJIC/ItO,8HHH, n03H8HHiiI
III

120

W T.n.): CTaTb He nOAT1e)l(aIIIM KalCoMY-n. B03Aei1lCTBlilIO
(peMOH1)'. wcnpasneHwlD W T.n.) . This old bicycle is
now beyond repair. 0 STOT cTapbli1l BenOClllneA yJKe He
nOAT1e)l(IIIT peMOHTY. . It's beyond my mind. 0 31'0 He-
B03MO)l(HO nOHRTb MHe.  go beyond
· be beyond a Joke
(v pr) pa3r. 6b1Tb, RBnRTbCR cnlllWKOM cepbe3HblM, He
1J.0nYCKaIOIIIM WyTOIC: BblXOlJ.lIITb 3a BCRKllle paMKIII (no-
BeJ].eHWR, npwnWiWR W T.n.), nepeXOJJ.IIITb BCRKlile rpa-
HlIIl..!bI . Stop to/king nonsense, it's already beyond u
joke! 0 XBaTIIIT MonOTb '1enyxy, 3TO Y'Ke He. CMeWHO.
 go beyond a joke
bring sb I sth before sb 15th
(v n pr) npelJ.CTaBIIITb 1C0ro-n./'iTO-n. nepelJ. lCeM-n.1
'1eM-n. . You should bring your claims before the direc-
tor. 0 Bbi IJ.On)l(Hbi npelJ.CTaBIIITb CBOIII npeTeH3111111 IJ.III-
peKTQPY. => be before, come before, put before
come after sb I sth (v pr)
1 IIIIJ.TIiI, cnelJ.OBaTb 3a lCeM-n./'1eM-n. . Who comes
after me in this line? 0 KTO CTOIliT nocne MeHR B 3TOi1l
04epelJ.lII? => be after, come before
2 pa3r. npecneAOBaTb Koro-n. . I could see a strange
man coming after you in the park.. 0 s:t BlIIlJ.en CTpaHHoro
MY'K4I11HY, npeCnelJ.OBaBWerO Te6R B naplCe. => go after
come before sb I sth (v pr)
1 npelJ.wecTBOBaTb 4eMY-n. 4.Simple Tenses» . Which
month comes before April? 0 KaKOi1l MeCRI..! npeAwecT-
ByeT anpenlO? => come after
"

121
2 t5b1Tb npe,QCTaaJ1eHHblM nepe,Q KeM-J1./'IeM-l1. (Ha 06-
C}'JKAeHue, HB peweHue u T.n.) . Did your claim come
before the director? 0 TaoS! )l(aI1ot5a npeAcTaa11eHa ,Q1iI-
peKToPY? ::) hring before. lay before
3 npeaocxo,QIiITb 1C0ro-11'/&fTO-11. (no ypoBHIO 3HaHuii.
no paHry, no 3Ha'iUMOCTU U T.n.) . I can't name a pupil
who comes before your son in thi$ class. 0 S1 He MOry ___
Ha3BaTb Y'leHIilKa, KOTOPblt't npeaOCXO,QlilT Bawero CblHa .
B KTlacce. ::) put before
\
drop behind (sb)
(v adv, v pr) OTCTaBaTb (OT KorO-l1.) (B tlBUJ«eHUU. B
pa60re. B )"/e6e H T.n.) . The main reason you have
dropped behind (the other students) in the last month is
the fOotball game. <> rnaaHaR nplil'l"'Ha TB06f"O OTCTa-
BaHIiIR (OT APyr...x) a npownOM MeCRe - ...rpa e
<l>Yr6011. ::) fall behind
enquire after sb I sth
(v pr) ocae,QOM11RTbCS1. paccnpaw"'BaTb 0 KOM-l1.j'leM-l1.
. Every time I see her she enquires after your health.
o 1<a>K,nbIt't pa3, Kor,Qa R ee BIiIJKy. OHa paccnpaWIilBaeT 0
TBoeM 3,QOpOBb6. ::) ask after
fall behind (sb)
(vaclv, v pr) OTCTaBaTb (OT 1C0ro-11.). ,QaTb ceGR nepe-
rHaTb KOMY-l1. . The main reason you have fallen be-
hind (the other students) in the last month is the football
game. 0 rl1aaHaS! nplil'lIilHa TBOero OTCTaaaHIiIR (OT TJPY-
rMX) a npoW110M MeCRe - IiIrpa a ct>yr6011. ::) drop be-
hind, get behind

122
get behind
(v adv) OTCT8eaTb OT APyrlo1x, OTCTaeaTb OT n1lBHB: He
C,!I.e1lBTb eoepeMS! ""'48CTO COnpOBOJlC,ll,aeTCII o!5cToATenb-
CTII8MM badly, B long way. very far'» . Your son is gt!ttingfat
 enough behind in English. 0 Baw CblH ,!I.OB01lbHO CIo11lbHO
OTCTBeT B aHmIo1HCKOM.  fa/I behind
· get beyond sth (v pr)
1 YXO,!l.Io1Tb KY.c.a-1l., CKpblBBTbCR 38 'ieM-1l. . / like to
look at ships when they are getting beyond the horizon.
o MHe Hp8BIo1TCR CMOTpeTb HB KOpa01lIo1, 1C0r.c.a OHM
CKpblBaIOTCSl38 ropIo130HTOM.
2 npO,!l.BIo1r8TbCR 38 npe,!l.e1lbl 'iera-1l.; npOXOAIo1Tb
KaKOH-1l. 3Tan (8 pa6ore. 8 )"Ie6e H T.n.) . All the term '
we couldn't get beyond the verb "to be n. 0 BclO 'ieT-
BepTb MbI He Momiol npOABIo1HYTbCS! ABl1bwe, 'ieM
1013y'leHlole m8ro1l8 to be.
go after sb I sth (v pr)
1 nblT8TbCR nOHMBTb KorO-I1., npeC1leAOBBTb Koro-n.
. / could see a strange man going after you in the park.
o s:t BIo1Ae1l CTp8HHoro 'Ie110B81C8, npeCneAOBaBWerO T8'
OS! B naplCe.  come after .
2 nblTaTbCR AO(jIo1TbCR, AOCTlo1rHyJb 'Iero-1l.; AOMOr8Tb-
CR KOrO-1l./'ierO-I1. . He goes after a decent job, let's
wish him luck. 0 OH Io1I118T nplo11lIo1'1HYIO pa6OTY, .c.aB8
nO>Ke1laeM eMY y.c.a'lIo1.  be after
go before sb I sth (v pr)
1101,l1,TI-1 nepeA KeM-I1./'IeM-1l. . You should go before the
group and show the way. 0 TbI A01l>KeH Io1ATIol BnepeAII

123
rpynnbl H nOKa3b1B8Tb AOpory. . prov Pride goes before
a fa/1. 0 nocno ,D,bRBOI1 rOpAl'lI1CS1, A8 C He6a CBanHI1CS1.
2 npeAcT8Tb nepeA KeM-I1./'IeM-I1. (nepe.Q JlClOpH,
CY.QOM, coseTOM H T.n.) . You '/1 have to go before the
school board and to explain your behaviour. 0 TeC5e
npHAeTCR npeAcTaTb nepeA WKOl1bHblM COBeTOM H
OC5bRCHHTb CBoe nOBeAeHHe.  be before. pllt before
go beyond sth
(v pr) BblXOAHTb 3a npeAel1b1, 38 rpaHHbI 'IerO-I1.
(S03MOJICHOCTBH, OJICH.D.aHHH, n03HaHHH H T.n.). His ac-
tion goes beyond his orders. 0 CBOHMH AeCTBHRMH OH
npeBblwaeT nOI1HOMO'lHR.  be beyond
· go beyond a Joke
(v pr) CTaTb Cf1l'IWKOM cepbe3HblM, nepeXOAHTb BCRKHB
npeAel1b1 . It goes beyond a joke. 0 3TO y)Ke He CMew-
HO. => be beyond a joke
keep after sb
(v pr) paar. npHCT8B8Tb, npHAHp8TbCR K 1C0MY-I1.;
AOCIDK,AaTb, H8AOOA8Tb 1C0MY-I1. . 1 can't understand
what you are keeping after me for. 0 SI He MOry nOHRTb,
C K81C0 CT8TH TbI npHAI'IpaeWbCR ICO MHe.  be after
lay sth before sb I sth
(v n pr) npeACT8B11RTb 'ITO-I1. H8 p8CCMOTpeHlile KO-
MY-I1./'IeMY-I1. (coaery, KOMHCCHH, PYKOBQ£lCTsYHT.n.)
-. Who wants to lay another suggestion before the meet- .
ing? 0 KTO XO'leT npeACT8BHTb coC5paHHIO APyroe
npeA/10>KeHllle?  come before
..


124
leave sb/sth behind (sb/sth)
1 (v " adv) OCTaB"'Tb, 386b1Tb, He np"'HeCT'" 'O"o-n.
. Why did you leave your mark book behind? 0 nO'ieMy
 TbI He "p"'HeC CBOH AHeBH",K?
2 (, v " pr) OCTaBnRTb '1TO-n. nocne ceOR (ICaIC
HacneAcTBo, ICaIC naMSlTb H r.n.) . The former tenants
. _ 'eft behind (them) a big disorder in the !lat. 0 npeJKHHB
JK"'J1bLlbl OCTaB"'J1'" KBaprnpy B nOJ1HOM uecnopSI,QlCe.
lie before sb I sth (v pr)
1, 2 = lie ahead (oft/before
lie behind sth
(v pr) 6b1Tb 06bRCHeH",eM, np"''1'''HOH '1ero-J1., CTORTb
38 I<8K"'M-J1. C06bffi1eM . / can " understand what lies
behind changing her opinion about me. 0 He MOry
nOHRTb, '1TO CTO"'T 38 "'3MeHeH",eM ee OTHoweH"'R KO
MHe.- be behind
look after sb I sth
(v pr) yxaJK"'BaTb, np"'CMaTp"'BaTb 38 KeM-J1./'1eM-n.;
3860nITbCR 0 KOM-J1./'1eM-J1. . / like how he looks after
his books. 0 MHe HpaB"'TCR, I<8IC OH 6epeJKeT CBOH
KH"'rH. . pray Look after number one. 0 nocno CBOS! PY-
6axa 6n\.1)l(e K Teny.  anend to, care for
put sb I sth before sb I sth (v n pr)
1 CTaBlilTb, KIl8CTb 'O"o-n. "epe KeM-J1./'1eM-n. . Eat,
plea.fe, al/ I am putting before you. 0 KywaHTe, nmICa-
nyiitcTa, Bce, '1TO S! CTaBJ110 nepe 88M"'.
2 CTaB"'Tb, paCCMaTp"'BaTb 1C0ro-n./'1TO-J1. Bblwe,
B8JKHee Koro-n./'1ero-n. pyroro. You always put en-

125
tertainments before your lessons. 0 TbI scer,o.a CTaBMWb
pa3B11e'4eHMSI Ha nepBbllii nnaH, a ypoKi'l - H8 BTOpoiii.
=> come before, put above
3 npeACT8B11S1Tb 'fr0-l1. Ha pacCM01peHMe 1C0MY-l1. . J '/I
have to put this mailer before our director. 0 51 BbI-
Hy)ICAeH8 6YAY nOCTaBMTb 3TOT Bonpoc nepeA H8WMM
A\IIpelCTopoM. => bring before, come before, take before
put sb I sth behind sb I sth _
(v n pr) CT8BMTb, K1l8CTb ICOro-l1.!TO-l1. n03aA!'lICOrO-l1.!
ero-l1. . DOII't put this thing behind the mirror. 0 He
K118AM 31)' Be 38 3ep1C8l10.
· put sth behind one
(v n pr) pa3r. 38CTaBIotTb ce6S1 3a6b1Tb 0 eM.l1., OCTa-
BMTb TO-l1. B npOWl10M, He B03Bp81l48TbCJ! 60l1bWe IC
eMY.l1. . They went abroad and thought that they
would be able to put everything behind them. 0 OHIot
yex8J1111 38 rpaHIIIy lot AYM8J1M, TO CMOryT OCTaBIIITb Bce
B np0WJ10M.
run after sb/sth (v pr)
1 6e>k8Tb, rH8TbCSI 38 KeM-l1./eM-l1. . Why should J
run after you and remind you of your promise? 0 noe-
MY SI A0l1>KH8 6er8Tb 38 T060iii M H8nOMIIIH8Tb 0 T80eM
06e1l48HIIIM? . prov If you run after two hares you will
catch neither. 0 nocno 38 ABYMSI 38iiiMM noroHIIIWbC!'I,
HM OAHOro He noiiiMaeWb.
2 pa3r. HacToiiiMBO npeCl1eAOBaTb 1C0rO-l1. (8 H8,Qe)/(,Qe
np"'Bne"lb BH"'MaH",e), nploty,o.ap!'lTb, «6er8Tb" 38 KeM-l1.
. J think it s worth running after such a nice girl. 0 lJ.y-
MaIO, CTOMT nplotYA8plllTb 38 T8KOiii CMMn8TMHoiii Ae-
BywlCoiii.

126
run before (sb/sth)
(v adv, v pr) 6eJICaTb BnepeAH (KorO-I1./'ierO-I1.I.
onepeJlC8Tb (KorO-I1,/'ITO-I1.) . Who is there rlln,"ng
 before (the rest)? 0 KTO 3TO TaM onepeJKaeT (CTanb-
HblX)?
run behind (sb/sth) (v adv, v pr)
· 1 6eJlC8Tb no38JJ.H KOrO-I1./'iero-I1. . You'd belter first
run behind (him) and then, before the very finish, try to
outrun him. 0 Tbi I1Y'Iwe BHa'iane 6erH C38AH (Hero), a
nOTOM, nepeA caMbiM $HHHweM. nocTapaMcSI 060.
rHaTb ero.
2 3ana3JlblBaTb (no OTHOWeHHIO IC pacnHcaHHIO) ""..aCTO
Continuous . Look at him. as usual he is running be-
hind (time). 0 nOCMOTpHTe Ha Hero, OH, I(8IC 06b1'1HO,
ona3AblBaeT.
see (sb/sth) beyond sth
1 (v n pr) BHAeTb 1C0ro-I1'/'fT0-I1. 3a npeAel1aMH 'IerO-I1.
. Can you see a plane beyond lhe clouds? 0 Tbi BHAHWb
caMOIleT 3a 0611a1CaMH?
2 (v pr) 6b1Tb npeAYCMOTpKTeIlbHblM, A811bHOBHAHblM;
CMOTpeTb A811bwe, 'IeM cerOAHSlWHHM AeHb. You must
see beyond the marriage; how can you get money for
your family? 0 Tbi AOl1JKeH AYMaTb 0 noc11ecBaAe6HOM
nepHOAe; lCaK Tbi COJICeWb A06b1BaTb AeHbrH A11A
TBoeM ceMbH?
· see beyond the end of one's nose
(v pr) (6b1Tb cnocoOHblM) nOHHMaTb HIIH BHAeTb
6oIlbwe. 'IeM TO, 'ITO I1eJIC\IIT Ha nOBepXHOCTH; B\II,IJ,eTb
A811bWe CBoero HOca; He 6b1Tb orpaHH'IeHHblM ""06b1'1110

127
B OTPI1T811I>HOM npeA/10)l(8H"'''' c csn '" coukJ'» . They
cheated you and you couldn't see beyond the end of
yo"r nose. 0 OHi'! OOM8HblB8J1i'! TeOA, 8 Tbll1811bwe CBO-
Bro HOca Hi'!'Iero He Bi'!Aen.
send (sb/sth) after sb
(v pr, v n pr) nOCblMTb (Koro-n./'ITo-n.) 38 lCeM-n.,
BeneA 38 KeM-n. . Who did you send (that pupil) lifter? ..
o 3a KeM Bioi nOCn8J1M (Toro Y'leHMKa)?
stay behind \
(v 8dv) 38,P,ep>KMBaTbCA, oCTaB8TbCA (nOC11e Toro KaIC
APYrMe ywni'!) . After this interesting concert the audi-
ence stayed behind applauding the musicians for a long
time. 0 nocl1e SToro i'!HTepecHoro ICOHuepTa 3p....TenM
OCraeani'!Cb Ha MecTax, Aonro 8nnoAHpYA My.3b1KaH-
raM.  stop behi"d, wait behind
stop behind
(vadv) 38,P,ep>KHBaTbCSI, OCT8BaTbCA . Why do you usu-
ally stop behind after work? 0 nO'ieMY TbI O(lbl'lHO
38Aep>KHBaeWbCA nOC11e paOoTbI?  stay behind, Wait
behind
take after sb
(v pr) 6b1Tb nOXO>Ki'!M, nOXOAHTb H8 Koro-n. (BHewHe,
X8pSKTepOM H T.n.) . They are both talee lifter thew
mother. 0 OHM 06e nOXO>Ki'! Ha CBOIO M8MY. -
take sb I sth before sb I sth
(v n pr) npeACT8BMTb Koro-n./'ITO-n. nepeA KeM-n./
'IeM-n.; AOCT8BMTb 1C0ro-n. K KOMy-n. ('i8UlB 8 cy)

128
. We '// have to take him before the judge. 0 HaM npM-
AeTcR AOCTaBMTb era K cYiJPI3. . We'll take this matter
before the school board next week. 0 Ha CJleAYlOl,UeH
HeAeJle Mbi BblHeceM 3TOT Bonpoc nepeA WICOl1bHblM
COBeTOM. => come before, put before
wait behind
-
(v adv) OCTaBaTbCR Ha MeCTe (nocne YPOKOB. pa60Tt>l H
T. n. ) . I ask you today 10 wait behind 10 plan the tomor-
row's frstival. 0 s:I npowy sac CerO,D,HR oCTaTbCR, 'fTOObi
cnl1aHMpOBaTb 3aBTPaWHIoIH 4>ecTMBa11b. => stay be.
hind, stop behind

5
against
for
PA3,IJ.EJ1
TEMATMKA cS»PA30BblX rnAronOB: __
CpaBHeHI1e. conPOTMIIJIeHHEI. npoTMBOfIOCTaB/leHHEI - 06paweHMe,
paCCMOTpeHMe, npllllJle'4eHHEI: nOpl4UBHMe, YMB/leHMe - CTpeM-
IleHMe. yBM!'4eHHe; npeA)'llpeltlABHMe, npeAOTBpaWeHHEI, CT8AKMB&-
HMe - 3aMeHa. noMOWl>. 3a60Ta
account for sb I sth (v pr)
1 06bRCHRTb 'nO-II., RBlIRTbCR npWu,1Hoiil '1era-lI. . He
never could account for being late. 0 OH Hili pa3Y He
CMor 06bRCHIIITb CBOe on03A8Hllle. . The bad weather
accounts for my headache, / think. 0 nplll'llilHOH Moeiil
rOIlOBHoiil 6011111. R AYMaIO, RBIIReTCR nIlOX8R norOA8.
2 A8BaTb OT'leT Q '1eM-II. (ocot5eHHo 0 l1.eHeJKHbJX pac-
XQA8X); OT'lIllTbiBaTbCR 3a 'fTO-II. . He'll have to tU:-
countfor everything he does. 0 EMY nplilAeTcR OTBeTlllTb
33 Bce. 'fT0 OH AellaeT. => answer for
3 3HaTb MecToHaxOJKAeHllle. ObITb YBepeHHblM B co-
xpaHHOCTIII Willi OllarOnOIlY'llll1ll 1C0ro-n'/'iero-lI. (3are-
pflHHbJX n10I1.eH: nOHCK08bJX, cnacaTenbHbJX H T.n.
rpynn) . Sorry, but we are not able to account for the
two children who didn't return to the camp. 0 CO>Ka-
5 B. f. CTOJUIP

130
11elO, HO Mbi He MO)l(eM HaiilTM ABOMX AeTeiil, 1C0Topble He
BepHY/1MCb B /1arepb.
act for sb I sth
(v pr) AeiilcTBoBaTb 38 1C0rO-/1.. OT LJberO-11. /1MLI8; MC-
n0/1HRTbLJbM-/1.4>YHKUMM,06R38HHocTM;npeAcTaBflRTb
1C0ro-/1'/ LJTO-fl. . We trust you to act for our firm at the
exhibition. () Mbi AOBepReM BaM npeAcTaBmlTb Hawy
4>MPMY Ha BbiCTaBKe.
_ aim (sth) for sb/sth
1,2 = aim at/for
allow for sth
(v pr) y<JMTblBaTb; npMHL1MaTb B paCtl8T LJTO-/1.; npe-
AycMaTpMBaTb LJTO-/1. . We have to Dllow for him being
ill. () Mbi AOfl)l(Hbi npL1HRTb BO BHMMaHMe, LJTO OH 6011eH.
:::) take into account/consideration
answer for sb I sth (v pr)
1 A8BaTb 01'l8T B "IeM-fl.; OTBBLJaTb, PY'IaTbCR, HBCTI1
OTBBTCTBeHHOCTb 38 KOrO-/1./LJTO-/1. (nep9A KeM-n.) <{c
nOCJ1e.llY1OM npe.Q/\orOM to}> . You ,should answer for
your wrongdoings. () Tbi AOfl)l(eH HeCT\ll OTB8TCTBeH-
HOCTb 38 CBOM AypHble nom)'nICM. . He s got a lot to an-
swer for his actions to me. () EMY npM.O.eTCR OTBeT\llTb
nepeAO MHOiil 38 Bce CBOL1 AeiilcTBMR. :::) account for .
2 rOBopMTb. npL1HMMaTb OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 38 KOro-II./
LJTO-II. . Don't worry. I'll answer for my family. () He
6ecnoKoi'lCR. R CI(8}KY 38 CBOIO ceMblO. :::) speak for
ask for sb I sth
(v pr) cnpawMBaTb, XOTeTb BM.O.eTb, MCKaTb lCoro-II.;

....
131
npOC"Tb'lTO-n. . Has anybody aslced for me? 0 KTO-
H"6YAb MeHR cnpaw"B8J1? . He i.f going to ask for
money. J think. 0 ,lJ,YMalO, OH C06"paeTcR npOC"Tb Ae-
Her. . prov A great ship tlSlcs for deep waters. 0 nocno
6ollbwoMY Kopa61l1O - 60llbWoe nllaBaH"e.
· ask for it I trouble
(v pr) p83r. HanpaW"BaTbCR Ha Henp"RTHOCT\I1, ne3Tb Ha
pmlCOH . You '/I aslc for trouble if you come here. 0 TOllb-
KO nplolJJ.lo1, Tbi HanpOCIoIWbCR Ha HenplolRTHOCTiol.  head
p III
be against sb I sth
(v pr) 6b1Tb npOTIoIBHIoIKOM 'Iera-Il.; npoTiolBOpe'llolTb,
M.O.TIoI Bpa3pe3 C 'IeM-Il.; AeACTBoBaTb BonpelCiol 'IeMY-Il.,
He C'IiolTaRCb C lCeM-Il)'IeM-Il. . Thrusting the nose into
somebody:S affairs is against my principles. 0 He B MO-
IoIX npaBW1ax COBaTb HOC B 'Ie Aella. :::) be for. go
against
be for sb I sth (v pr)
1 npeAH83H8'18TbCR AIlR Koro-n./'iero-Il.; CJ1y>ICKTb AIlR
'Iero-n. . This button is for switching the TV off. 0 ar8
ICHOmca Clly>ICiolT AIlR BbilUllO'IBHIoIR TelleBIoI30pa.
2 COAeAcTBOBaTb. 6naronpHRTCTBOBaTb KOMY-Il./'Ie-
My-n.; nOAAep>KHBaTb. BblCT)ln8Tb 38 Koro-n./'ITO-Il.
. Why do you make me be for this offer? 0 nO'IeMY Bbi
MeHR 38CTaBllReTe nOAAepJKaTb 3TO npeAllO)l(eHHe?
:::) be against
· be for It
(v pr) p83r. 6b1Tb H8Ka38HHblM, n01lY'!HTb BbirOBOp 38
'ITO-1l. <I:'IaCTO Future Tense'»- . Why are you doing such
s-

132
things. you '// be for it. 0 3a...eM Tbi 3TO AeJ1aeWb, Te6e
6YlJ.eT 3a 3TO.
burn for sth
\ (v pr) ropeTb )l(eJ1aHllleM IIIMeTb "'TO-J1., CTpaCTHO
)l(enaTb "'To-n. . Every young actor burns for a chance
to score a triumph. 0 KWKAbliit MOnOlJ.oiit aKTep CTpaCTHO
)l(enaeT nony...IIITb waHC lJ.OCTlil"lb TplllYMcpa.
call for sb! sth (v pr)
-
1 Bbl3b1BaTb, nplllmawaTb KOrO-J1./...To-n. (CKOPYIO
nOMOb, AOKTopa, MacTepa H T. n.) . Why did" 't you
call for a plumber? 0 nO...eMY Bbi He Bbl3BaJlIII BOlJ.Onpo-
BOlJ....IIIKa?
2 HaCTORTenbHO npOCHTb, Tpe60BaTb "'To-n. . The '.
chairman called for the putting ,his question on the
agenda. 0 npelJ.CeAaTenb nOTpe6oBan BICJ1IO...IIITb 3TO
npeLV10)l(eHHe B nOBeCTKY AHA.
3 Hy>KJtaTbCSl B ...eM-n., Tpe60BaTb 'fero-n. <Simple
Tenses, . The situation calls for a new approach. .0 CM-
T)'aLlHR Tpe6yeT HOBorO nOlJ.XOlla.
care for sb! 5th (v pr)
1 3a60THTbCR 0 KOM-n.j...eM-n., YX8)l(HSaTb 3a KeM-n./
...eM-J1. . Please care for the/lowers while I am on hol-
iday. 0 nO)l(anyiitcTa, nOYXIDKHBaiit 3a LlBeTaMH, nOKa R 8
omYCKe.  look after
2 J1106HTb Koro-n., nepe)l(HBaTb 3a 1C0ro-J1.j...To-J1..1 am
afraid she cares very' much for ,he doctor who visits her.
o 60lOCb, "'TO OHa o...eHb J1106HT lJ.OKTopa, KOTOPblH ee
noceeT.
3 )l(enaTb, XOTeTb ...m-J1.; npORSJ1RTb MHTepec K lCoMy-n.!

133
'!eMY-11. <i{..ae B BOnpOCHTem'HbiX npeA110JKeHHAX}>
. Would anybody care for some water-melon? 0 KTO-
HIo16YAb XOTe11 6b1 HeMHoro ap6y38?
come for sb (v pr)
1 3aXOAlo1Tb 38 lCeM-11'/'IeM-11. . When will you come for
the book you forgot here? 0 KorAB Bbi 38i1AeTe 38 KHIo1-
ro, ICOTOPYIO 386b111101 3Aecb? => go for
2 Hana,o.aTb Ha 1C0rO-II., Io1ATIo1 IC KOMY-J1. C yrpO)l(8lOLL\Io1M
BIo1AOM . Why did that man come for you? 0 nO'!eMY TOT 
'!eJ10BelC Hanan Ha Te6A? => go for ...
count (sth) against sb
(v pr, v n pr) CBlo1AeTeJ1bCTBOBaTb, rOBOp...Tb npOTMB
KOrO-J1.; paCCMaTp"'BaTb, C'I...TaTb 'ITO-11. He B n011b3Y
1C0ro-11. . It'll just count against (or: They'll count it
against) me if I say a few worr/s in defence of this frac-
tion. 0 31"0 T011bKO nOBpeAm MHe, eCJ1... A CKaJKy He-
CIC011bKO CJ10B B 3aLLIHTY 3T0i1 4>paICUI'!.... => hold against,
teU against
die for sth
(v pr) pS3r. C...11bHO JKe11aTb, XOTeTb 'ITO-11.; o'!eHb"
HYJKA8TbCS1 B'IeM-J1. <i{TonbKo Continuous}> . Did you get
a cup of coffee I was dyingfor? 0 Tbi AO()blJ1 'IawKY KO-
<t>e, 1C0Toporo A JKa:N.Ay? => long for
do for sb I sth (v pr)
1 = do as/for
2 esp BrE pa3r. 3860T...TbCA 0 KOM-J1., BeCTM 'Ibe-J1.
X03ACTBO, y6...paTb'lbe-11. nOMeLL\eH...e. What's your
job? - I do for some people in our house. 0 KaK y

134
Te6R pSISOTS? - SI 38HIIIMSIOCb X03RiiicTBOM B He.
1C0TOpblX ICBapTlilpax Hawero AOMS.
3 nOAXOAIIITb KOMY-I1./'IeMY-I1., ,WlR Koro-I1./'1erO-I1.
. Will this jacket do for me? () nOAoiiiAeT 3TOT nl/lA)Kak
\ ::r. cnpsBI1RTbCR C 'IeM-I1., C Ao6b1BaHloleM '1erO-I1.
. How do you do for food when the shops are empty?
() KaIC Bbi A06b1BaeTe nllllllY, korAS MarS3111HbI nycTbI?
. enter (sb) for sth _
_ (v pr, v n pr) o4>IIIUlllaJ1bHO BblABIoIHyrb, npeACT8BIIITb,
3aRBWTb 1C0rO-I1. B Ka'lecme SCTHWKa '1ero-I1.; 38nlol-
CblBaTbCR ,WlR Y'IaCTIIIR B COpeBHOBaHWlII, KOHkYPCe H
T.n. . Two our students entered for the special exam.
() ABa HaWIllX C'T)'AeHTa 38nlllC8nIllCb Ha CnBUWaJ1bHbliii
3k3BMeH. . The teacher entered me for a chess tourna-
ment. () Y'IIoITel1b BIUlIO'IIIII1 MeHR B WaxMSTHbliii -rypHlilp.
 be in for, put in for
fall for sb I sth (v pr)
1 P83r. CloIl1bHO YBl1e'lbCSI keM-lI./'IeM-lI., BOCXWIll8TbaI
KeM-lI'/'IeM-lI., Bl1lOlSlIITbCR BlCorO-I1. <"acTO c.Qo6allJ1e-
HHeM BblpaJKeHI1R in 8 big W!ly . 1 feU for that wondeiful
nook of the countryside in a big way. () SI O'IBHb n01ll0-
61'111 TOT 'lYAHbliii yrol1olC nplilpoAbi.  fall in love (with)
2 pa3r. nonaCTbCR Ha YAO'lkY, Ha kplO'IOK; nOAAaTbCR
olSMaHY . We laughed very much at her when she feU
for our trick. () Mbi O'lBHb CMeRJ1I11Cb HSA Heiii, KorAS OHa
nOBepWlIS Haweiii wynce.
feel for sb I sth (v pr)
1 IIICKaTb'lTO-I1. Ha olllynb, HalllYnblBaTb'lTO-I1. . Have

"
135
you felt for anything there? 0 Tbi 'fT0-HVl6YAb Hai1.\ynan
TaM?
2 CO'IYBCTBOBaTb ICOMY-n., MCnblTblBaTb CocTpaAaHVle IC
1C0MY-1I./eMY-1I. . I feel for the pensioners who can't
get their pension for several months. 0 S1 CO'l}'BCTeylO
neHcVloHepaM. 1C0Topble He MOryT nOKTb CBOIO neH-
CVlIO B TeeHMB HeCKOnbICVI)( MeCSlueB.
go against sb/sth
(v pr) VlATM Bpa3pe3 C eM-lI., npoTVlBopeVlTb KOMY-ll./ .
eMy-n., nOCTYnaTb HanepelCOp KOMy.n./eMY-lI.; AB£Ii-
CTBOBaTb npOTI1B KOrO-lI./ero-n. . All her words go
against everything I've been trying to say. 0 Bce ee .
cnOBa HanpSBneHbI npOTVlB Toro, TO SI nbiTalOCb I
CK838Tb. . The results of experiment go against our hy-
pothesis. 0 Pe3YllbT3Tb1 3KcnepVlMeHTS npoTMBopeST
Hawe£li nmOTe3e. => be against
go for sb I sth (v pr) [HMeeTaI inv]
1 y£liTM, 'iTo6b1 CAellaTb TO-n.. 38HSlTbCSI eM-lI. .1 want
to go for a walk. 0 S1 )(0'1}' no£liTI1 norynSITb. . Let s go for
a ride in my car. 0 nOWlIM nOK8TaeMCS1 Ha Moe£li Ma-
WMHe.
2 no£liTI1 38 KeM-lI./eM-lI. . I wonder who he wants to
go for. 0 HTepecHo, 3a KeM OH )(OeT no£liTI1. => send
for
3 pa3r. Ha6paCblBaTbCSI. Hsna,aaTb Ha 1C0ro-n. (4)1013101-
'1eCKtI 10111101 cnOS9CHO) . I saw somebody going for her
and rushed to her help. 0 S1 YBVlAell. K8K KTO-TO Hanan Ha
Hee, M 6POCMlICR e£li H8 nOMOi1.\b. :::> come for
4 1I106MTb. npeA£lOVlTaTb 1C0ro-1I./TO-1I. ('1aUle 0 TH-

;,
136"

--
nax RlOAeR, CTHRRX B MY3b1Ke, HCKyCCTBe H r.n.), IiIMeTb
SKYC K KOMY-I1./'IeMY-I1. . Do you go for classical
music? 0 TeOSI nplilSneKaeT KlIaCCIiI'IBCK8R MY3b1Ka?
- forgo
[VJoTKa3b1eaTbOR,S03Aep*liIeaTbOR(oTero-R.)
5 IiIMeeT OTHOWeHlile IC KOMY-I1., KacaTbOR lCoro-n. «B K3-
'I8CTae nOAl1eJKaro 'I8U4B MCnOI1b3yJOTCfI this. that. what'
say> . You haven't learnt the lesson, and that goes for
Petrov, too. 0 Tbi He SblY'f1il11 YPOK, 3TO OTHOCIiITCSI iii K
neTpoBY To*e.
· go for little I nothing
(v pr) OblTb HanpaCHO nOTPa'leHHblM, 3pR CAeI18HHblM,
CKa3aHHblM iii T.n. . Alii told you went for nothing; why?
o Bce, 'ITO SI TeOe CKa38Jl8, 6b1110 HanpaCHO; nO'IeMy?
head for I towards sth (v pr)
1 ABlilr8TbOR K 'IeMy-n.; HanpaBI1ATbOR, Aep>KaTb KypC
H8 'ITO-I1. . When? is he heading for? 0 KYAa OH H8-
npaBnReTCSI? .
2 H8npaWlilBaTbCSI H8 'ITO-n., H8BneKaTb H8 ce6S1 'ITO-I1. .
(Henp/IIRTHOCTb, H6C'I8CTbe /II r.n.) . All you an? doing
now will head for some trouble. 0 Bce, 'ITO TbI ceA'I8C
TBOplilWb, nplilBeAeT K HenpIilRTHOCTSIM.  ask for
hold sth against sb
(v n pr) ynpeKaTb 1C0ro-n. S 'IeM-n., CTaSIiITb 'ITO-n. B BIiI-
HY KOMy-n.; IiIMeTb'lTO-I1. npaTHB Koro-n. «..SCTO B Bblpa-
JKBHHM hold it against sb» . She didn't phoned me as she
promised, but I dnn 't hold it agalnst her. 0 OH8 He no-
3BOHIiI118 MHe, KaIC 06eU48l1a, HO SI He AepJKy H8 Hee 3Jl8
38 3TO.  count agalnst. tell against

137"
hope for 8b 18th
(v pr) H8,AeSl'fi>al Ha 1C0ro-11'/'frO-11. . Let's hope/or the
best. 0 lJ,aBaMTe 6YAeM H8,AeSlTbCSI H8 wee. . / hope
for a good result of your examination. 0 HQAelOCb, 'frO
TbI Xopowo CA8Wb 3K38MeH.
kick against 8th
(v pr) conpon1B/tRTbCSI 'IeMy-n.; pe3KO npoTeCTOBaTb,
MATM npoTMB 'IerO-11. . You can 'tkick against nature!
o npoTMB nplllpoAbi He nonpeWb! 
knock (8th) against/on 8th -----I
(v pro v n pr) YAaPIIITbCR ('IeM-11.) 060 'frO-TO. / didn't
even notice what / knocked (my elbow) against. 0  M He
3BMenl1l, 060 'ITO YAaP"11CS1 (CBOIIIM nOKTeM.) => run
against
lay 8th for 8b 18th (v n pr)
1 H8lCpblBaTb CT011 AIlR nplllHATIIIR nllll1lM, AIIR K8KOro-11.
ICOnlll'lecTBEI nlOAeA . / want to help you to III)' the table
lor all the family. 0  XO'fY nOMO'Ib Te6e H8KPblTb cr011
AIlR BceM ceMblll.  set/or
2 B03naraTb'lTO-11. (SHHY. OTseTCTSeHHOCT& H T.n.) H8
KorO-11., nplllnlllCblBaTb 'ITO-11. 1C0MY-11. . He always lays
the blame/or me. 0 OH BcerAa CB311I11BaeT BMtty Ha MeHR,
leave (8th) for 8th
1 (v pr, v n pr) Ye3JKaTb (OTKYAa-11.) KYAa-n. . Be in a
hurry. we 'Illeave (the office) lor the plant in a minute.
o ToponlllTecb, Mbi yeAeM (1113 lIIca) H8 3BBOA 'lepe3
MIIIHyry.
2 (v n pr) OCTaBIIITb, nOKMHYTb 1C0ro-11./'ITO-11.,

138
OTKa38TbCSI OT KorO-I1./'iero-l1. B nOI1b3Y KorO-I1./'Ie-
rO-I1. Jl,pyroro . She left our company for him. 0 OHa
YWl1a "3 HaWe" KOMnaH"" "3-38 Hero. . Let's leave this
question for tomorrow. 0 AaBa" OCTaB"M 3TOT Bonpoc
Ha 3aBTpa.
live for sb I sth
(v pr) )I("Tb ,Q.I1S1 KorO-I1./'IerO-I1.. nOCBSlT"Tb" ce6S1 KO-
MY-I1./'IeMY-I1. . I live only for my children. 0 S1 )l(IIIBy
 TOl1bKO JJJ1S1 CBO"X Jl,eTe".
r-- long for sb/sth
(v pr) C"l1bHO, CTpaCTHO )l(el1aTb 1C0rO-I1./'ITO-I1.; CTpe-
M"TbCfI IC 1C0MY-I1./'1eMY-I1. . r16CHR You are all I long
for. 0/1 J worship and adore. 0 Tbi - sce, 'ITO R Crp8CTHO
)l(e1181O, 6orOTBOpIO " 060>Ka1O. =:) die for
look for sb I sth (v pr)
1 "CKaT, pa3b1CICIoIBBTb KorO-I1./'ITO-I1. . What are you
looking for here? 0 YTO Tbi 3,fJ,eCb ..,eWb ?
2 "'CKaTb, nbiTaTbCSI Ha"T" 1(81C00-11. peWeH"e, SblXOA
..,3 n0I10)l(eH"R; HanpaW"BBTbCSI Ha '1TO-I1. . Are you
looking for trouble? 0 Bbi Hanpaw..,saeTeCb Ha He-
np..,SlTHOCT..,? . They loolced for the new method of cure.
o OH" "CKaJI" HOBbI" MeTOA l1e'leH"SI.
make for sb I sth (v pr)
1 (iblCTPO, cneWHO npOAB"raTbCR KY.o,a-I1.; P"HYT,
IC"HyrbCSI 6e>KaTb 1C}'.o,a-I1. . I had whistled and the hare
made for the forest. 0 S1 CS..,CTHYI1. .., 38Rll nOM'I811CR K
l1ecy.
2 H(JJJ.B"raTbCSI, np..,611">KaTbCR K 1C0MY-I1./'IeMY-I1. (c

I')-
139
yrp030H) t When the bull began maJcing for me I got
frightened. 0 KorAa C5b1K ABMHynCSI H8 MeHR, R cny-
ranCR.
3COAeCTB0B8Tb, cnocoC5CTBOBaTb, C5naronpMRTCTBO-
BaTb "!eMy-n. . Everydays morning exercises make for
a good health. 0 EJKeAHeBHaR 3aPRllKa cnocoC5CTByeT
xopoweM}' 3,D,OpOBblO.
pass for sth (v pr)
1 = pass as/for _
2 BblAep>KaTb McnblTaHMR, 3K3aMeH Ha lCoro-n. . All the
summer he is preparingfor a passing for a driver. 0 Bce '
neTO OH rOTOBMTCR K CAINe 3K3aMeHOB Ha BOAMTenR.
I
pay (sth) for 5th
1 (v pr, v n pr) 3annanlTb (AeHbrM) 3a "!To-n., pacnna-
T\IITbCR 38 "!To-n. (HanHI/HblMH).1 was waiting for him
to pay (some money) for his work. 0  >KAaJI ero, "IToC5b1
3annaTMTb eMY 3a ero paC5oT)'.  lalee for
2 (v pr, v n pr) 3annaTMTb (AeHbrM) 3a 1C0ro-n., BMecTO
lCoro-n. t Don't worry, I'll pay (money) for you. 0 He
OecnoKocR, R 3anna'fy 3a TeC5R.
3(vpr)nonnaTMTbCSl,nOCTpaAaTb,nOHecTHHaIC83aHMe
3a "!To-n. tIt s my fault and I should pay for that. 0310
MOR BMHa, M R AOnJKeH pacnna'lMBaTbCR 3a 3TO.
play (sth) for sb/sth
1 (v n pr, v pr) MrpaTb, MCnOnHRTb (K3KOe-n. MY3b1-
K311bHOe npOM3BeAeHMe, H8 K3ICOM-n. MY3b1K311bHOM
MHCTpYMBHTe) AIlS! 1C0ro-n., J)aAI1 "!ero-n. . Would you
play this sonata for me again? 0 Cblrpa MHe 3T)' CO-
HaT)' BU4e pa3. t He is going to play (the guitar) for a

140
living. 0 OH C06HpaeTCS! 3apa6aTblBaTb Ha >KH3Hb, Hr.
paR (Ha rHTape).
2 (v pr) cnopT. HrpaTb 3a KaKYIO-I1. KOM8HAY . He man-
ages 10 play for different leam.. 0 EMY YA3eTCR HrpaTb
3a pa3Hble 1C0MaHAbi.
· play for time
(v pr) TRHyrb BpeMR, nbiTaTbCR BblHrpaTb BpeMS! . Start
I answering, we are waiting/or you, dn 't play for tim#!.
o Ha'iHHa'" OTBe'iaTb, MbI >KAeM TeOS!, He TRHH BpeMR.
.. push (sb) for sth .
(v pr, v n pr) HaCTORTel1bHO npocHTb (KOro-I1.) 0 'ieM-n.;
Tpe60BaTb 'iTO-I1. . The miners pushed (Ihe govern-
ment) for their salary for several month.. 0 WaxTepbI
HaCTORTel1bHO TpeOOBaJ1H (OT npaBHTel1bCTBa) 3an113-
THTb 3apnnaTy 3a HeCKonbKO MeCRl!eB.
reach for sth
(v pr) niJoTRHYTb PYKY IC '1eMY-I1.; AOcTaBaTb, AOTRrH-
BaTbCR AO 'ier;O-I1. . Help him, he can't reach for the
apple. 0 nOMorH eMY, OH He MO>KeT AOTRHyrbCR AO
Rfi110Ka.
· reach for the moon
(v pr) pa3r. C1peMHTbCR AOCTIo1'ib HeB03MO>KHOro . I fore-
saw the result of your enterprise beforehand because
you always reach for the moon. 0 s:I 3apaHee npeA-
BHAel1 pe3Y11bTaT TBoe'" 3aTeH, nOToMY '1TO Tbi Bcerna
XO'ieWb AOCTH'ib HeB03MO>KHOro.
read for sth
(v pr) Y'lHTbCS! Ha KaKYIO-I1. nP04>eccHIO; rOTOBHTbCR K

1'
3autTe AnA n011Y'IeHA HaY'lHo'i CTeneH . It s high
time you started reading for a lawyer's diploma. 0 Te6e
v*e-A8BHO nopa Ha'laTb rOTOBTbCA IC nonY'IeH
,IJ,nnOMa pCTa.
ring for sb I sth
(v pr) Bbl3b1BaTb Koro-n. 3BOHICOM, n03BOHTb C Ka-
Ko'i-n. uenblO . In our hotel you can also ring for
breakfast. 0 B Hawe'i roCn1Hue Bbi MO>KeTe TalOKe 38-
KaaaTb aaBTpaK no Tene<t>OHY.
rule against sb 18th
(v pr) npHATb OTpLI8TeIlbHOe peweHe no nOBO,lJ,Y
Koro-I1./'1ero-II., BblHeCT aanpeT Ha '1TO-I1., OTKJ10HTb
KOro-I1.j'lTO-I1. . I must tell you that the school. board
ruled against you. 0 s:I.D.OI1*eH CK83aTb BaM, 'ITO WKOl1b-
HbI'i COBeT OTKJ10H11 Bawy KaH.D.A8TYPY.
run (sth) against sb/sth
1 (v pr, v n pr) HaCKO'lTb, HaTol1KHyrbCA, HaIleTeTb Ha
Koro-I1./'ITO-n. Ha 6ery; YA8PTbCA '1eM-I1. 060 '!TO-II.
Ha 6ery . Be careful, you may run (your head) against
that beam. 0 6y,IJ,b OCTOpO>KeH, Tbi Mo*eWb YA8PTbCA
(roIlOBO'i) 06 TV nepeKJ1a.1J.1-1HY. => knock against
2 (v pr) cOpeBHOBaTbCA C lCeM-II. B 6ere . Who would
you like to rutl against now? 0 C KeM Obi TbI XOTel1 npo-
6e>KaTb CeH'I8C HaneperoHK?
send (sb) for sb/sth
(v pr, v n pr) nOCl1aTb (KorO-II.) 38 lCeM-I1./'1eM-I1.;
Bbl3b1BaTb KOro-II. . The director sent his secretary for
your parents. 0 ApeKTop nOCl1aIl CBoero celCpeTapA 3a
-
I

1'42
-
TBOMMM poAMTel1RMM. . Why. please, did you send for
me? <> CKa)KMTe, nOJKal1yACTa, 38..eM Bbi MeHR BbI3bI-
BaIIM? => go for
serve (sb) for sth
1 (v pr, v n pr) = serve as/for
2 (v pr) C!1y>KMTb B apMMM B Te..eHMe KaKOrO-l1. BpeMBHM
. / think you '1/ serve for two years and a half <> AYMaJO,
"TO Bbi 6YAeTB CnyJlCMTb B apMMM ABa C n0l10BMHoii
roJJ,8.
3 (v pr) ()blTb n0l1B3HblM AI1R 1C0ro-n., nOCJ1y>KMTb A11R
"bMX-l1. Bl1eA . Let this computer serve for your needs
while I am on holiday. <> nYCTb 3TOT KOMnblOTep no-
CnyJlCMT B8M, nOKa R 6yAY B OmyCKB.
set sb I sth against sb I sth (v n pr)
1 Cp8BHMB8Tb, conOCT8Bl1RTb "TO-l1. C ..eM-l1. . And
"ow let's set the results against the time and the efforts
spent. 0- A Tenepb JJ,8BaHTe conOCT8BMM pe3YIIbTaTbi C
38Tpa..eHHblM BpeMBHBM M YCMl1MRMM.
2 BOCCT8HOBMTb, H8CTpOMTb, H8Tp8BMTb ICOrO-l1.
npoTMB Koro-n./..erO-l1. . You'd better not set him
against me, or it'll turn against you. <> Tbi WB He
H8CTP8MBaH Bro npOTMB MBHR, 8 TO 3TO 06epHBTCR
npoTMB Te6R. => turn- against
set sth for sb I sth (v n pr)
1 CTaBMTb ()YAMl1bHMK Ha onpeAeneHHoe epeMR . Have
you set the alarm clock for 6 sharp? <> Tbi YCTaHOBM11
OYAMIIbHMK pOBHO H8 6 ..acoB?
2 H8KPblBaTb CTOJ1 AI1R npMHRTMR nMUUoI, AI1R KaKOro-n.
KOl1M..eCTBa l1IOAeH . Please help me to set the table for

f43
breakfast. 0 5YAb AOI5P, nOMOr\o1 MHe HaJCPbITb CTOn AI1R
38BTJ)aKa  IllY for
settle for sth
(v pr) npl1Ml1pRTbCR, cornaWaTbCR C '1eM-n. . We'll
have to settle for such high prices at least until the end
of the year. 0 HaM npl1,l1eTCSI npl1Ml1pl1TbCR C T8KHMI1
BbiCOICl1MH L4eHaMI1, no KpaMHeA Mepe, AO KOHlI8 roJJ.8.
sit for sb I sth (v pr)
1 n0311poBaTb KOMy-n. (XY,QOXHHK)'. tPoTorpa(/JY)_
. Would you like to make money silting for this artist?
o Tbll5b1 )(OTena aapal50TaTb AeHbI'"H, n0311PYR 3TOMY i:y-
tl,OJKHI1tcy'?
2 C.D,aBaTb, AepJKaTb 31C3aMeH . When will you sit for
the mathematics? 0 KorJJ.8 Bbi CJJ.8eTe M8TaMaT\o1tcy'?
speak against sb I sth
(v pr) roBOpl1Tb. BblCKa3b1BaTbCR npaniB Koro-n./'Iero-n.
. If you dOli 't speak against this decision I'll stop hold-
ing you in respect. 0 Ecnl1 TbI He BblClCa)KeWbCR npoTI1B
3Toro -peweHI1R, 51 nepecr8HY TaOR YB8JK8Tb. => spellk
for
speak for sb I sth (v pr)
1 rOBOpl1Tb B T6'!eHl1e KaKOro-n. BpeMeHI1 . When is he
going to finish? He has already been spellking for two
hours. 0 KorJJ.8 OH coOHpaeTCR 1C0H'IaTb? OH rOBOpMT
yJKe ABa '1aca. => talk for
2 BbiCICa3b1BaTbCR B nO,D.AepJKK"y 1C0ro-n./'1ero-n.
. Thallk you for spellking for my idea! 0 CnacI160, 'frO
BblCKa3aJ1CS1 38 MOIO I1AelO! => speak against

144

..
3 BblpaJKaTb 'lbH-II. B3r1JS1Ab1, rOBopHTb OT HtoteHH KO-
rO-II. . Will you speak for our class? 0 Tbi OYJeWb
rOBOpMTb OT HMeHH Hawero K118Cca? => anSWft' /or
stand for sb I sth (v pr)
1 BCTSBaTb, nOAHHMaTbCSI B 3HaK YEJ8)I(eHHS11C KOMy-n./
eMy-II. . Why didn't you stand/or the director when he
came in? 0 nO'ieMY TbI He BCT8n, 1C0rA8 BOwell AHpeK-
TOp?
2 CTORTb 38 'fTO-II., AElP)l(8TbCSI I(8ICOro-lI. MHeHHS1 ./'1/
stand/or such a position for all my life. 0 51 (]yAY npH-
AElP>KHBaTbCSI TaKOii\ n03HiUIIH BCIO MOIO >KH3Hb.
3 pasr. TepneTb, CHOCHTb To-n. . I can't stalld for it
any more. 0 Sf 0011bWe He MOry CHOCMTb TalCoe. => put up
with
4 03H8'18Tb 'fTO-II., paCWHct>POBblB8TbCS1 'IeM-II. (0 co-
KpaUJ.8HHRX, 866peBHaryp6 H T.n.) . Do you know what
these thn!e letters stand/or? 0 Tbi He 3HaeWb, TO 03H8-
..81OT 3TH lpH OYKBbI? -
start for sth
(v pr) ompaBHTbCSI, nyCTHTbCS1 B nyrb KYA8-11. . Isn't il
time for you to stlll't for Moscow? 0 He nopa IIH Te6e
ompaBnS1TbCSI B MocKSy?
Stay for I to sth
(v pr) OCTaTbCS1 Ha 1(81C08-11. BpeMA, Ha oOeA, Ha yJlCHH H
T.n. . It was very nice to see you here, but why didn  you
stay for supper? 0 6b1no O'leHb npMS1THO BHAeTb BaC
3Aecb, HO nO'ieMy Bbi He OCTa11MCb H8 y*MH? => stop
for/to

r
"'-
"" 145
stop for I to sth
(v pr) OCT8TbCS1 H8 KaKOS-11. BpSMR, H80()SA. H8 Y'!(IIIH III
T.n. . Will you stop for supper with us, please? 0 Bbi
OCf8HSTBCb Y'!(IIIHaTb C HaMill?  stay forlto
take sb I sth for sb I sth (v n pr)
1 n0J1Y'laTb KaKYIO-11. cyMMY 38 '0"0-11... He takes very
much for that book. 0 OH ()epeT O'jBHb MHOro 38 TV
KHlllry.  pay for
2 nplllHIllMaTb lCoro-11./'jTO-11. 38 Koro-11./'jTO-11. . Sorry. -=-
you talee me for somebody else. 0 i-13BIIIHKTe. HO Bbi 
nplllHIllMaeTe MSHR 3a KorO-TO APYroro. ..
· take sb for a ride II
(v n pr) pasr. OOM8HyTb KorO-11., OOBBCTJII KorO-11. BOlCpyr
nanbLtSB. It's possible to talee him for a ride very sim-
ply. 0 Ero O'fBHb npocTO OOSBCTM BOKPYr nanbUa.
talk for sb I sth
(v pr) rOBOpKTb B Te'jBHIIIB KaKOro-11. SpeMBHIII . When
are they going to finish? They have already been talkins
for two hours. 0 KorAS OHIII coOlllpaIOTCSlICOH"IaTb? OHIII
6011TaIOT Y'!(B ABa 'j8ca.  speale for
tell against sb I sth
(v pr) CBIIIABTe11bCTBOBaTb. rOBOplllTb He s n011b3Y KO-
rO-11./'jerO-11. .1 am afraid his words tell against you.
o 601OCb. "ITO ero C110sa CSMAeT811bCTSyIOT He s TBOIO
n011b3Y.  coun' against
try (sb) for sth
1 (v n pr) CYAMTb 1C0rO-11. 38 'jTO-11. . They will be tried

146
I
.
for all their bad affairs. 0 X 6yIJ,YT CYIJ.MTb 38 BCe IIIX
n110Xllle 1J.e118.
2 (v pr) 60poTbCSI 38 TO-11. (38 npH3, as Macro, as
.QOn>KHOCTb H T.n.) . J don't think it s worth trying for
this job. 0 He IJ,YM81O, TO CTOIliT 60poTbCSI 38 31)' pa.
(01)'.
turn (sb) against sb
(v pr, v n pr) CTaTb, BOCCT8Tb, H8CTpOIllTb npOTIllB
KorO-11.; BOCCTaHOBIIITb, HaCTpOIllTb lCorO-11. npOTIilB
1C0rO-11. . J slarl nOlicing Ihat she is turning him against
me. 0 51 H8IIIH81O 38MeaTb. TO OHa OTBOpaIIIBaeTCSI OT
MeHSI (WlH: ...OHa HaCTpalilBaeT ero npoTIilB MeHR).
=> set against
walt for sb I sth
(v pr) )l(lJ.8Tb. O*IIIA8Tb KorO-11./TO-11. . How long have
you been waiting lor a bus? 0 Bbi IJ,8BHO )K,!:\eTe aB-
T06yca? . prov Time and tide wait for no man. 0 nocJI.
Kyi1 *e11830, nOKa ropSlO.
work against sb I sth
(v pr) npenSlTCTBOBaTb ICOMY-I1./eMY-I1., 38TPYIJ,HRTb
TO-11.; IIIMeTb OTpliluaTel1bHoe Bl1l11RHllle Ha KorO-11./
TO-11. . Don't forget that time i. working against us.
o He 3a6b1Bai1, TO BpeMR pa60TaeT npOTMB Hac. . Your
behaviour will work against you. 0 TBoe nOBelJ,eHllle
nOIJ,BelJ,eT Te6R.
work for sb I sth (v pr)
1 pa60TaTb Ha KOro-11., Ha lCaKyIO-11. $IIIPMY . I don 'I
wanllo work/or this company any mOTe. 051 6011bwe He

141
xO"Y paC50TaTb Ha 31)' KOMnaHMIO.
2 paC50TaTb P8AM ..ero-n., P8AM Kal(oj,j-n. LlenM . All my
years I worud for happiness of children. 0 BclO CBOIO
)l(1II3Hb R paC50T8I1 A/lR c..aCTbR l1eTeA.
write (8th) for sb/sth (v pr, v n pr)
1 nlilcaTb ("To-n.) l1I1R Koro-n./..ero-n. (..QnR rS3eTbI,
>KypHaJlS H T.n.) . What magazine did you write (this ar-
ticle) for? 0 AnR KaKOrO >lCYPHana Bbi nMeanM (3T}'
CTaTbIO)?
2 nlilcaTb ("To-n.) pa,o,M ..ero-n., 3a "To-n. . I write _
(poems) for my own pleasure. 0 SI nMWY (CTMXM) P8l1M W
Moero co6cTBeHHoro Yl10BOnbCTBMSI. I
I
I
,I

6
ahead forth forward
PA3,LJ,EJI
back
TEMATMKA CS>PA30BblX rnArOnOB:
 A81111<eHHe BnepeA - Ha3aA; Onepelf<BHMe - 3aAE!P>KKS: npO-
 ABl1II<eHMe, nporpeccl1poBaHHe - B03BpalUeHMe, HCnpaBlleHHe, 8OC-
.:. CTaHOBIIHHe; npeA811AeHHe. npeABQCXMUlBHl1e - BocnOMMHaHl1e;
npeACTaB...eHHe, BblABHlI<eHHe, nOS!B"'CHMe - OrpaHI1'4eHMe.
OTCT)'MCHl1e; npoH3BOACT80 I:f(lBOrO - n08TOpeHHe CTaporO
answer (sb) back (v adv, v n adv )
1 Aep3111Tb, rpy6111Tb (KOMY-I1.); Orpbl3aTbC . Nobody
dared answer (the director) back when he reproved
pupils for their bad marks. (> HIilKTO He nOCMel1 Aep3111Tb
(AlilpeKTOpy). KorA8 OH BblrOBaplilBaTI Y'leHIIIKaM 3a IIIX
n110Xllle Ol..leHKIII.  ta/k back
2 3aIIIUtaTbCSI (nepeA KeM-n.); (Aep3Ko) OTCTalilBaTb
CBOIO n031111..11111O . It seems to me you should answer
(them) back after such a critical article. (> MHe KIDKeTcSI.
'1TO nOCl1e TaKoH KpIIITIII'IeCKoi1 CTaTblil TbI AOTDKeH OT-
CTalilBaTb ce6S1 (nepeA HIIIMIII).
be ahead (of sb I sth)
(vadv, v. adv pr) 6b1Tb BnepeAIil (Koro-I1./'1ero-J1.), one-
P>KaTb(Koro-n./'fTO-I1.) (scopeSHosaH"'''', spa60Te. S

149
-
cnoc06HOCTflX, B 3HBHHf/X H T.n.) . To be ahead (of
others) was his main wish. 0 Ero maBHblM >-KenaHMeM
6b1no OnepeAMTb APyrM)(.  get ahead (oj), keep
ahead (oj)
be back (v adv)
1 B03Bpan1TbCR, BepH}'TbCSI . Will my uncle be back
soon? 0 CKOpo MO ASI,IJ$I BepHeTcR?  bring bad,
. come back, get back
2 B03BpanrrbCSI Ha npeJKHee MeCTO; 6b1Tb BHOBb no-
CT8BneHHblM, nOnOJKeHHblM, Ha MeCTO . Remember. that
all the spoon.v should be back after washing up in their
own place. 0 nOMHM, 'jTO Bee nOJKKM nocne MblTbSl 
nOCYAbi AonJKHbI HaxoAMTbCR Ha CBoeM MeCTe. :::) get ..-.
back, put back
bring 5b 15th back
1 (v n adv) B03BpaUUiTb Koro-n./'jTo-n. 06paTHO . I
think he'll bring you back nothing. 0 51 AYM81O, 'jTO OH
HM'jero Te6e He BepHeT 4:3Aecb you - KOCBBHHoe ,Aonon-
HeHMe)..  be back, come bad, get back
2 (v n adv) HanOMHMTb BHOBb 0 'jeM-11., Bbl3BaTb 0
'jeM-n. BocnOMMHaHMR . His words suddenly have
brought that day back. 0 Ero C/1088 BAPyr HanOMHMnM
MHe TOT AeHb. :::) call up, carry back, come back
3 () BOCCT8HaB11MBaTb, BHOBb BBOAMTb B Ae-
CTBMe 'fTo-n. . We can do nothing but bring back the old
order. 0 Mbi He MOJKeM CAenaTb HM'jero, ICpOMe B03Bpa-
eHMR CT8poro nopR,O,Ka. :::) come bac!
bring forth 5th
() 04>HLj. nopoJKP,8Tb 'jTo-n., A8B8Tb KaKO-11.

150
pe3Yl1bTaT. All their enterprise didn't bringforth any-
thing. 0 SCR ..,x 38TeR He lIa118 B \llTore Hwrero.
bring sth forward (v n adv)
I 1 BblHOC..,Tb, BblAB..,raTb KaKOB-I1. npeA/lO)l(eH..,e, BO-
npoc .., T.n. (.anR oeHHR) . Who wants to bring
another idea forward? 0 KTO XO'leT npeA/lO)l(\II1"b APYrylO
, "'JJ,eIO? :::) come forward
2 YCKOP..,Tb KaKoe-l1. cooblT..,e, nepeHeCT.., '1TO-I1. Ha
III OOllee paHH..,M cpOK . They decided to bring this match
 forward to six 0 'clock. 0 OH.., pew..,n.., npoeeCn1 STOT
L- Ma paHbwe, B 6 '1aCOB. => put back
.11;1 call (sb/sth) back
1 (v n adv) nepe3BOH..,Tb 1C0My-II. no Tene(j)oHY . Sorry.
J can't hear you, /'11 call you back now. 0 CO>K811elO, HO
R He CI1b1WY T96R, R CeM'IaC nepe3BOHIO. => ring bacJc
2 (v n 8) BcnOM..,H8Tb '!TO-II., Bbl3b1B8Tb '!T0-11. B
naMRn1 . This picture called my childhood bacJc in my
mind. 03Ta Kapn1Ha HanOMHWl8 MHe 0 MoeM A9TCT8e.
:::) remind of
3 (vadv) OTK11"'KaTbCR, KPH'IaTb B OTBeT . Why he didn't
call back when J called him? 0 nO'leMY OH He OTK11HK-
HYI1CR, Kor,Q,a R n03Ba11 ero?
call sb forward
(v n adv) npOCHTb 1C0rO-II. HI1.., npHKa38Tb KOMY-II.
BbiMTH BnepeA . The teacher called her forward and
told her to repeat what she had said. 0 Y'I\llTenb no-
npoCHII ee BblMT.., BnepeA H Benen nOBTopHTb, '1TO OHa
CKa38118.

151
carry sb back
() Bbl3b1BaTb Y lCoro-n. socnoMIilHaHlilfi 0 npow-
noM (0 K8KOM-n. cot5b1T14U 1013 npownoro) o«B03MO)l(H() C
nocne.AYK>M npe.Al10rOM to» . This wonderful voice be-
hind the door carried me bacJc (to that u'!forgettable
party). 0 3TOT YAHBIIITeJ1bHblH r0J10C 38 .!1BepblO Bbl3BaJ1
so MHe SOCnOMIIIH8Hlllfi (0 TOM Heaal5b1BaeMOA BEI'fe-
pIllHKe). => bring bacJc. take bacJc
come back (v adv) (uMeeTeR nJ
1 BepH}'TbCfI o«B03MOJKHO C nocne.AYK>M npe.Al10rOM to»
. Will you soon come back (to us)? 0 Bbi CKOpo Bep- .-
HeTecb (IC HaM)? => be bad. bring bacJc, go bad a:-.
20blTb BOCCTaHOBlleHHblM; nplilMTIII, sepHYTbCfl B npe)l(-
Hse COCTOfIHllle (0 pe)l(UM6, 0 npcx/)eccHOHanbHoil .QeR- I
TenbHOCTH, 0 CHCTeMe 101 T.n.). This party wants the old
order to come back. 0 3Ta napTlilfi XO'feT, '!TOObi nopsl-
AOK (5b1/1 BOCCTaHOBneH. => bring bad
3 nplllXOAHTb H8 n8MflTb, BcnOMIilHaTbCSI, BCnJ1b1Ba1b B
naMflTlil . Those beautiful lines from my favourite poem
often come back to my memory. 01e OjYAHble CrpoKIil 1013
Moero J1Iol5Jo1MOrO CTJo1XOTBOpeHlllfi OjaCTO npJo1XOASlT MHe
Ha naMflTb. => bring back
4 CHOBa CTaTb MOAHblM, nonyl1f1pHblM . The old style in
hats is coming back. 0 CTapblA CTlIIl1b B WI1f1nax CHOBa
CTaHOBIIITCfI MOAHblM.
D co".back
[n] TO, OjTO BHOBb CTano MOAHblM, nonYI1f1pHblM,
npe)l(HIilM . This style in hats is just a come-back.
o STOT CTIIIJ1b B WJ1f1nax eCTb npoCTOB B03pO*ABHllle
CTaporo CTIIIJ1f1.

152
come forward (v adv)
1 BblCTynaTb BnBpeA, OTK11I1ICHyrbCR (HB npH3b1s)
I · Who is brave enough to come forward and to tell the
 truth? 0 KTO cMellblH, 'iT06b1 BblKn1 BnepeA 11 CK83aTb
npaBAY?
2 6bITb npeACTaBTIeHHblM H8 paCCMOTpeHI1B . J tWn't
think your plan will come forward this week. 0 He AY-
MaIO, '11"0 TBOH nllaH 6yABT npeACTaBIIBH Ha paCCMO-
. -rpeHl1e Ha 3TOA HeABlle.  bringforward
J cut (sth) back
..
(v adv, v n adv) (flMeeTC!l nJ orpaHI1'iI1B8Tb, COlCpaTb
('iTO-II.) . That Duma s decision caused our local ad-
ministration to cut the food market back. 0 To peWBH"B
.D,YMbi BblHYAI1110 Hawy MBCTHYIO 8,AM"HI1CTPSI.4I1IO co.
KpaTI1Tb pblHOK npoAoBOJlbCTBeHHbIX TOB8poB.
D cut-baclc
[nJ YMeHbUleHMB, cOKPautElH"e. We are suffering now
from a cut-bacJc in orders. 0 Mbi ceA'iac CTP8A8eM OT
cOKpal1leH"R 38K830B.
draw back (v adv)
1 = draw away/back
2 OTCTynaTb, OTCTynl1TbCSl (OT '1era-n.); (SpaTb H83aJj,
cnOBO <B03MOJlCtlO c nocne.aytOWIoIM npeA110rOM from'» . I
am afraid I have to draw back (from the deal). 0 6olOCb,
'11"0 MHe npl1AeTCA OTCTynl1TbCA (HIIH: ...BblHTI1 "3
c.o.elllG1).
drive sb back
(v n adv) OTTBCHI1Tb 1C0rO-II., BblHYAMTb KorO-II. OTCTy-

153
nl1Tb ./f nobody drives this herd back we won't be able
to go now. <> ECfll1 HI1KTO He OTTeCHIilT 3TO CTB,D,O, Mbi He
CMO>KeM ceHOjac exaTb.
drive sb back on sth
(v n adv pr) OOR38Tb I1fll1 38CTaSI1Tb 1C0rO-fl. BHOSb
OOpaTI1TbCR IC OjeMY-J1. (" cot5CTseHHblM S03MOJKHOC-
TJ/M, " CTapblM MeTQAaM, " t5poweHHblM pSHee 3SHR-
THRM H T.n.) . That car accident drove me bac" on my
bicycle. <> TOT cJ1Y'iaH C MaWIilHOH SBPHYll MBHR BHOBb IC
MoeM}' BBllocl1nBAY.  fall back on
drop back I;JIIa
(vadv) [HM8eTCII inv] OTCTaB8Tb, 38MBAIIRTb CKOpOCTb 
(no "B"OM-n. npH'IHHe) . One car before us started
dropping back and we had to bypass it. <> OAHa MaWIilHa
snepeAl'l Hac CTa11a 3aMeArnlTb CICOpocTb, 11 Mbi BblHY>K-
AeHbI 6b11111 06beXaTb Be.  drop behind
- backdrop
[n] AelCopaltllll1; 4IOH, Ha KOTOpoM pasBepTbisalOTcR
co6b1T\11SJ
fall back (v adv)
1 na,p,aTb Ha3SA Ha cnl1HY . I saw him falling back and
tried to catch him. <> fI YSIilAell. KaK OH na,p,aeT Ha cnl1HY
11 nonbiTanCR nOHMaTb ero.
2 OTXOAl'lTb Ha3BA, OTcrynaTb . Don't faU back, people!
Do;' 't let the tank through! <> He OTcrynaATe, I1IOAI'I! He
nponycKar,Te TaHK!
fall back on sb I sth
(v adv pr) OnlilpaTbCR, nOllaraTbCR HB KorO-ll./OjTO-J1.;

154

..
06pallUtTbCR K KOMY-I1.j'leMY-I1. (Ha X}'.QOH KOHe. 8
lCpaHHeM CI1)"1Se) . It was time when you couldn't fall
bllek even on dollars. () 6b1J1o BpeMR, KOr,u,a Hel1b3R 6b1-
110 paCC'lMTblBaTb ,naJICe Ha JJ,01111apbl. :::> drive bacle 011
feed back
(v adv) (HMeeTCSI nJ 06ecne'lI1BaTb 06paTHO CBR3bK>,
lIaBaTb 3HaTb 0 nOCTynl1eHMM MH<popMaLllotI1 (B PBAHO- '
T6XHHKe, B npOMblwneHHOCTH, B 06Y'46HHH H T.n.)
o(B03MOJl<HO c nocne,QytOUU1MH npe.QJ10raMI'I from, mto, to)
. Our teachers will be happy if the knowledge they com-
Tmlnicate to us feeds baclc to them from us. () HaWM
Y'unel1R 6yJJ,YT PaAbl, eC1111 3HaHI1R., ICOTopble OHI1 ne-
pella lOT HaM, 6yJJ,YT nOKa3BHbI HaMI1 nepeJJ, HI1MI1.
- feedback
[nJ OTBeTHasI peaKUI1R; OTlIa'la; 06paTHaR CBR3b. Where
is the feedback from your students? () A rJJ,e )l(e OTJJ,a'l8
OT eawl1X C1YJJ,eHTOB?
fight back (8th) [HMeeTCR n)
1 (v adv) ConpOTI1BI1RTbCR, OTpB.)l(aTb Hana.c.eHMe,
lIaBaTb Cllci'll1 . Mummy, today I fought bad as )'01/
taught me. () MaMa, ceroJJ,HR R JJ,aJl C./UI'II1, KaIC Tbi Y'lMJ18
MeHR.
- fight-back
[nJ OTBeTHbI YllaP; c,o,a'la . Give him a fight-back at
once! () AaTe eMY cpa3Y C,D,a'lI1! .
2 () He nO.Q,!laBaTbCR KaICI1M-I1. 'IYBCTBaM; cAep-
)l(I1BaTb Cne3b1, 3MOLllotl1 . She tried to fight bad her
emotions before him. () OHa CTapanaCb c,o,ep)l(MB8Tb .
-- CBOI1 3MOU"'11 nepeJJ, H"'M.

155
9f!t ahead (of sb)
(v adv, v adv pr) npoABMraTbCR BnepeA, nporpecCM-
poB8Tb; o(5roHRTb, O(5XOAMTb (lCoro-II.) (B )"1668. B pa-
OOTe, B copeBHOBBH/il/il /II T.n.) . I can see you start get-
ting ahead (of;he others). 0 S! CMOTplO, Tbi H8'4MH8eWb
onepe)IUITb APyrMX.  be ahead (oj), keep ahead (oj)
get (sb/sth) back
1 (v 8dv.) B03Bpan1TbCR. BepHyTbCR H8 npIDKHee
MeCTO; B03BpaTMTb, BepHyrb 1C0rO-II./'4TO-n. Ha
npe>KHee M8C!0 . The weather is not good, so get bad
home before rain. 0 noroA8 HexopowaR, n03TOMY B03- _
BpaCR AOMO AO AO)I(AR. . Go and get the children ·
back quickly. 0 iIIAM M 6b1CTPO npMBeAM H838A Aere.
. Why didn't you get this chair back to my room? 0 no-
'4eMY Tbi He BepHYII 3TOT C-ryll B MOIO KOMH8-ry? => be
back, go back, put back
2 (v adv) OTOTM H838A. OTCT)'11MTb (Ha HeotSXQJ.I/ilMoe
paCCTORH/IIe) . Get back, there is a watering machine
going here. 0 OToAMTe H838A, CIOA8 eAeT nOIlMBO'4H8R
MaWMH8. => move back
3 (v n adv) B03BpaTMTb ce(5e '4TO-II. yrepslHHoe (Aose-
p/lle .QfJY3ei1l. pa601y. nOJlO)/(eHHe /II T.n.) . You can con-
gratulate me on getting bad myoid post after that ille-
gal dismissal. 0 MO>KeWb MeHR n03APaBMTb C B03Bpa-
llteHMeM H8 MOIO npe>KHIOIO AOII>KHOCTb nocne Toro He-
38KOHHOro YBOllbHeHMR.
get back at sb
(v adv pr) p83r. OTOMCTMTb, OTnllaTMTb KOMy-II.; npMHRTb
OTBeTHbie Mepbl npOTMB 1C0rO-11. . If I know who has

156
done il I'll gel back at him. 0 ECIIVI R Y3HalO, ICTO 3TO
CAell81l, R OTOMY eMY. => pay back
get back to 8b 18th (v adv pr)
1 BepHYTbcR BHOBb B KaKOe-lI. MBCTO, IC KalCo£l-II.
AeflTellbHOCTVI . After some break we got back to danc-
ing. 0 noclle HeKoToporo nepepblBa MbI BHOBb CTaJ111
TaHueBaTb.
2 pas,.. nepe3BoHVlTb KOMY-II., CHOBa COeAI1HVlTbCR no
I TBlle(j)OHY C lCeM-II. <{'1aCTo Future Tense» . J knew that
 she would get back to me after some lime. 0 51 3H81l, '1TO
L- OHa nepe3BOHI1T MHe '1epe3 KaKOe-TO BpeMR.
_ give 8th back (v n adv)
1 B03BpaTVlTb '1TO-II. (KoMy-n.) <{B03MOJKHO C nocne,QyiO-
HM npeA11OrOM to» . Don't forgel to give me my book
bac" (or: ...10 give my book back 10 me). 0 He 3aOYAb .
B03BpaTlllTb MHe MOIO ICHVlry <3Aecb me - KOCBeHHOe p,o.. I
nOl1HeHIo16». => hand back
2 A8Tb B03MOJKHOCTb (KoMy-n.) B03BpaTlllTb, BOCcra. .
HOBI1Tb'lTO-II. <{B03MOJKHO C nOCl1eJlM npeJllloroM to)
. The fresh air gave my former forc.es back 10 me
(or:...gave me my former forces back). 0 CBe>Kl1£1 B03AYX
BepHYII MHe npe>KHl1e CI1I1b1 <{3A8Cb me - KOCBeHHoe 1J,O'
nonHeHIo1B» .
go ahead (vadv) (HMeeTCR n]
1 I1ATI1, ABl1raTbCR BnepeA (snepe,aH Koro-n./'1ero-n.)
<{B03MOJKHO C nocneJlYIOU4I1M npeJllloroM o . Don 'I wait
for me, go ahead (of our group). 0 He *A11 MeHR, I1AM'
BnepeA (Hnu: ...BnepeAI1 HaweH rpynnbl), => send
ahead (oj)
-----

157
2 np0,Q0J1)1(STb ("'To-n.. p.enaTb '1TO-n.) o(B03MO)KHO C no-
cneAyK)ILII1M npeAl10rOM with» . The teacher told us to go
ahead with our cJasswork in spite of the ringing of the
school bell. 0 Y'IIilTellb Bel1el1 HaM npo,Q0I1)1(8Tb lC11acc-
. HYIO pa(:iOTY, HeCMOTpR Ha 3S0HOIC. . Go ahead!
. 0 ,lJ.eMcTByi1!  go forward, go on
D go-ahead
[n) npl1ICa3, YICa3aHlile 111111 pa3peWeHI1e ,QBl1rSTbCR
Bnepe,Q; Cl1rHalI K CTapT)' o('I3CTO HCnOnb3yeTCII BMecTe C
give sb. get. have» . Please wait while you get go-ahead
from me. 0 nO)l(a11yMCTa, nO,QO>l(Al1Te. nOKa R,QaM cl1r-
Hall K crapT)'o
3 npo,QBl1raTbCR, Y1tY'lWBTbCR, nporpeCCl1poaaTb . Is 
your study going ahead? 0 TSOR Y'Ie(:iB npo,QBl1raeTcR? --,
 go forwo.rd
go back (v adv)
1 B03BpautaTbCR (Ha npeJ«Hee MecTo) . After some
time you should go back to this doctor to check your
health. 0 ....epe3 HeKoTopoe BpeMR Bbi ,QOJ1)l(Hbi onSlTb
npl1M-rn IC 3TOMY ,QOKTopy npOBepl1Tb CBoe 3,D,OpoBbe.
 come back
2 ,D.Bl1raTbCSI Ha. oTcrynaTb . Go back. there is a
watering machine going here. 0 OToMAme H83aA, CIOA8
l1,D.er nOI1I1BO'IHaR MaWI1HB.  get bad, move bad
3 (:iblTb YCTaHoBl1eHHblMl1, (:iblTb nepeBeAeHHblMIil Ha
00l1ee paHHee BpeMR (0 ..,acax. Ot5b1'1HO Ha t 'lac HB
3HMHee apeMfI) . On the last Saterday of this month the
clocks will go back. 0 B nOCJ1eAHIOIO cy(:iOOT)' 3Toro Me-
CRlta 'I8CbI (:iYAYT nepeee,QeHbI H83a.o.. => go forward
4 B03BpautaTbCR (K KaKoH-n. TeMe; K KBKHM-n. MblCRRM

158
I
..
H T.n.) "'B03MO)KHO C nocne.AYIOUlHM npeJ1l10rOM /0» . After
the holiday I got back to teaching my students, () nocne
K8HMKyI1 R BHOBb CT8J1 oOY'laTb CBOMX CTyAeHTOB. :)
lead back
go forward (v adv)
1 6b1Tb YCT8HOB/leHHblMM, 6b1Tb nepeBeAeHHblMM H8
OOl1ee paHHee BpeMR (0 '18cax, 06b1'1HO H8 1 'I8C HB
neTHee SpeMA) . On the last Saturday of this nwnth the,
clocks will go forward. 0 B nOCl1eAHlO1O cy6601Y 3Toro '.
MecR148 'I8CbI 6YAYT nepeBe.QeHbI Bnepe.Q. => go bllCk
2 npO.QBMraTbCR, YI1Y'IW8TbCR, nporpecCMpOB8Tb; '.
COBepweHCTBOBaTb ('lTo-n.) "'B03MOJKHO C nocneD.YIOUlHM
npeJ1l10rOM with» . You should go forward with your
English, soon you'll go to London. 0 Te6e H8,D.O
YI1Y'1WKrb CBOM 8HrIlMMCKMM, CICOpo Tbi noe.QeWb B
1l0H.QoH. => go ahead
hand sth back
(v n adv) B03BpaTMTb '!T0-11. (KOM}'-n.) "'B03MO)KHO c
nocneD.YIOM npeAJIorOM to» . After lessons the
teacher handed my exercise-book bad; (to me). 0 nocne
ypoKOB Y'lMTel1bHM148 BepHYl1a (MHe) MOIO TeTp8.Qb.
=> give bad;
hold (sb/sth) back
1 (v adv, v n adv) YAep)l(HB8Tb, c.o.ep)l(MB8Tb KOro-I1./
'ITO-I1. (OT ABH)/(eHHfI, AeRcTBHA, nOCT}'T1K8 H T.n.); .
C.Qep)KMB8TbCR (OT 'Iero-n.) . I could not even under- .
stand what held me bad; (or: ...understand why I held
bade) when hearing your rude reply. 0  .Qa)Ke He Mor
nOHSITb. 'fTO y.Qep)l(8/10 MeHR (HnH: ...nOHRTb, nO'feMY R -

159
CAep*ancSI), KOrA8 ycnblwan TBoA rpy6b1A OTBeT.
= keep back
2 (v n adv) 38,11,ep*IIIB8Tb Koro-n./'fTo-n. . I couldn't
come in time. the teacher held me bad;. 0  He CMorna
nplllAnil BOBpeMR, MeHR Y'llilTenbHIIII.48 38Aep*ana.
= hllllg up, hold up
3 (v n adv) CAep*IIIB8Tb. TOpM03111Tb'lbEl-n. pa3BHTllle,
cOBepweHcTBoBaHllle; MeW8Tb 'IbeMy-n. p83BIIITlilIO
. Don't let your son spend much time on football, it'll
hold him back. 0 He n03BonRMTe CBoeMY CblHY YA811S1Tb
MHoro BpeMeHIII 4>yr60ny, 3TO 6YAeT TOpM03lllTb ero
pa3BHTlile. ::::> keep back -
4 (v n adv) npmsTb 'ITO-n. npo 38nac; YT8111B8Tb 'ITO-n. IiWIIII
. I won't stop asking you what you are hoIdiIIg bad. ----.
o  He nepeCT8HY cnpaWIIIB8Tb Te6R 0 TOM. 'ITO TbI
yr8111B8ewb.
. keep ahead (of sb/sth)
(v adv, v adv pr) 6b1Tb, OCT8B8TbCR. HaxOAIIITbCR Bne-
peAI'! (lCoro-n./'Iero-n.); onepe*8Tb 1C0ro-n. (S,QBMJlC6-
HHH. B }"466e. S CopesHosaHHH H Ton.) . I wish you to
keep ahead (of the rest of your class). 0  *enalO TaOe
HATIII enepeAlil (APyrHX 1113 cBoero 1U18cca). => be ahetul
(oj), get ahetul (oj), move ahetul (oj)
keep (sb I sth) back
1 (v adv, v n adv) YAep*IIIeaTbCR, HaxO.o.HTbCSI H8
onpe.o.eneHHOM paCCTORHIIIIII (OT Koro-n./'lfJro-n.); yAep-
*IIIB8Tb Koro-n./'ITO-n. Ha paCCTOSlHIIIIII (OT Koro-n./
'lfJro-n.) <B03MOJKHO C nocne.nYK>M npeA/lOI"OM from}>
. The police told us all to keep back from the place of

160
--
the accident. 0 nOI1I11L1I11f1 nonpocllll1a BceX Hac OToATM
nO.D,aJ1bwe OT MBCTa aeaplIIlII. . Keep your dog bad:
from children or I don't know whaJ I'll do with it. 0 .nep-
>kIllTe ceOIO co6aKY nO.D,aJ1bwe OT AeTeM. 8 TO fI He 3HalO,
'ITO fI C HeM CAel1alO.  hold back
2 () MewaTb 'IbBMY-I1. pa3BIIITlllIO, nlHyn. Ha3a,A
1C0rO-I1., TOpM03111Tb 'IbB-I1. pa3BIIITlile . Its bener to.
have private tuition in English; the school lessons utp
you back. 0 J1Y'1we 6paTb 'IaCTHbie ypoKIil aHr11I11MCICOro;
WICOl1bHble 3aHSlTlilfI TOpM03f1T Te6f1.  hold back
3 (v n 8dv) CAep>kIllBaTb KaKllle-l1. 'l)'BCTea, 3MOM,
Cl1e3b1111 T.n. . It was very dijJicuftto uep my tears bad
when hearing this happy news. 0 KorAB fI YCJlblW811 3Ty
C'I8CT11I11BYIO HOBOCTb, TPYAHO Obll10 CAep>k8Tb CJle3b1.
 uep dow"
4 (v n adv) Xp8HIIITb 'ITO-I1. B TaMHe, yTalilBaTb 'lT0-11. (aT
Koro-n.) <O:S03MOJKHO C nocne.llM nps.Q,l10rOM from'» . I
can 'ttrust her. she won't uep the secret back (from her
friends). 0 SI He MOry AOBepSITb eM. OH8 He yTalllT CBKpeT
(OT CBOIIIX nO.QPyr).  uep from
kick sb back
() OTBeTlIITb, OTnl1aT...tb KOMY-I1., ABTb KOMY-11.
CAB'I'" . If anybody hit you. kiclc him bacJc. 0 EC11111 IITO-,
HIII6YAb YABPIilT Te6f1, ABM eMY CAB'I....
knock sb back
() pa3r. 060MTIIICb, BJ1BTBTb KOMY-11. B KaKYIO-11.
CYMMY <O:06b1'1HO YK83b1B8eTCII KllKoe-n. KOnM'IecTIlO'» . This
new car knocud them back a handsom£ sum. 0 3Ta
HOB8f1 MaWIIIH8 060WI18Cb 111M B 1113PSlAHYIO cyMMY.'

!
161
. How much did it knock you back? 0 1-1 BO CKOnbKO 3TO
88M 060W110Cb? => set back
lead (sb/sth) back (vadv, v n adv)
1 BeCTIll (Koro-n.) H83a,D" B 06paTHOM HsnpaBneHlII1II
<i(B03MOIKHO c nocneD.YIOM npeD.norOM to}> . Don't
worry, I'll lead you back to your mother. 0 He C5ec-
. nOlCocR, R nplllBeAY Te6R HS3aA IC TBoe MaMe. . Will
this road lead (us) back to the garage? 0 3Ts Aopora
nplllBBAeT (Hac) 06paTHO K rap8>KY?
2 Ei03BpaTbCR IC "IeMy-n. IIICXOAHOMY (B pa3roBope, B
npHBbI'IK8X, B ysne'leHHflX H r.n.); B03BpaTb 1C0ro-n.! .-
"!To-n. B IIIcxOAHoe COCTORHllle, B npe>KHee nOnO>KeHllle .
III T.n. <i(B03MOIKHO c nOCI1e.nytOM npe.D,l10rOM to}> . Any
our talk leads (us) back to a quarrel. 0 111060 Haw pa3-
rOBOp nplllBOl1II\T K ccope. => go back
lie ahead (of sb/sth)/before sb/sth (vadv, v
pr)
1 HaxOl1ll\TbCR, pacnonaraTbcR, n8)l(8Tb Bnepel1ll\ (KO-
ro-n.!"Iero-n.) . Look. what is there lying ahead (of our
car)? 0 nOCMOTj)III, "ITO 3TO TaM ne>KIIIT BnepeAIil Hawe
MaWIIIHbI?
2 npeAcToRTb, O>KIl\A8TbCR B 6YAYlUeM, snepeAH (0
TpY,QHocrnx, onaCHocrnx, npespBTHocrnx H T.n.). He
knew that a serious ordeal lay ahead (of him). 0 OH
3Han, "ITO Bnepel1ll\ eMY npeACTOMT Cepbe3Hoe Mcnbl-
TaHMe.
lie back
(v adv) OTKIIIHyrbCS'l H83a,D, (H8 no,Q}lWK}', Ha cnHHK}'
CTyRa H T.n.) . He liked to lie back, switch on the TV,
 B. r. CTOJIJlp

162
I
I
-
and lake a nap. 0 EMY HpaBnOCb OTKlltAbl88TbCS1 Ha3a,q
Ha CnHHKY cryna, BICIlIO'I8Tb TeneBH30p H APeMaTb.
look ahead
(v adv) CMOTpeTb BnepeA (s npRMOM H nepeHOCHOM
cMblcne); npeAYCMaTp88Tb. npeABHAeTb; 3armlJJ.bI.
88Tb.B OYAYLUee . You should be clever enough 10 1001
ahead and 10 be prepared for lomorrow. 0 Tbi AomKeH
6b1Tb AOCTaTO'IHO YMeH, '1T06b1 3arnSl,O.bl88Tb B 6YAY'
LUee H 6b1Tb rOTOBbiM BCTpeT\llTb 3aBTpaWHHI1 AeHb
look back
(v adv) OrnRJ].blB8TbCA H838,D, (s npRMOM H nepeHOCHOM
cMblcne); 06paLUaTbCA K npownOMY «B03MO)l(H() c nocne.
AYIOMIoI npeA/lOraMIol at, on, upon, to . When Ihe price:>
rose people began 10 look back on the former life in the
Soviel Union. 0 Kor.o.a ueHbI nOBblCHnHCb, nlOAH Ha'l8JlM
BcnOMHaTb 0 npe>KHei:i >K1013H B COBeTclCoM COI03e.
· never I not look back
(v adv) ynopHo ABHraTbCA BnepeA, He OCTaHaBSUI-
BarbCR . J promise now J 'J[ never look back. 0 Tenepb A
o6ewalO, '1TO Bcer.o.a f5YAY ATH BnepeA.
look forward to sth
(v adv pr) C HeTepneHHeM O>K.o.aTb '1ero-n., CTpe-
MTbCA IC '1eMy-n. (npeABKYWaR pa,QOCTb. YAosonb-
CTsue H T.n.) <{nacne npeA/lora to B03MO)KHa Ing-qlopM3
gerund}> . They are looking forward to walching this
film again. 0 OH C HeTepneHHeM O>KIoID,8IOT nOBTOpHoro
npOCMOTpa STom <I>nbMa.

163
move ahead (of sb/sth)
(v adv. v adv pr) npOABlilraTbCR BnepeA. IiIAT\II BnepeAIiI
(KorO-Jl./ero-Jl.). When are you going to move ahelld
(of the rest of your group)? 0 KorA8 TbI co61i1paeWbCR
CTaTb BnepeAIiI CBoe rpynnbl? => keep ahead (of)
move back (v adv)
1 nOA8TbCR. OToABIiIHyrbCR Ha3a,lJ, . Move back or he '/I
see you. 0 OroAIII Ha3aA, a TO OH Te6R YBIIIAIiIT. => get
back, stand bllck
2 BHOBb BepHyrbcR, nepeexaTb H8 npe)l{Hee MeCTO
. We lived there only ha(f a year and then moved back 
to our former flat. 0 MbI npo)l{lIIJlIII TaM TOJlbKO nOJlroA8 a=-
lii nOTOM BHOBb nepeexanlll Ha CTapylO ICBapTIiIPY.
pay sb/sth back (v n adv)
1 B03BpaUICITbAeHbrill (KoMy-n. 3a 'ITO-n.) "B03MOJICHOC
nOCl1eAYIOMH npeA1l0raMJoI for. to'» . /'/1 soon pay you
baclr. what I owe you. 0 s:I CKOpO Te6e BepHY TO, '!TO
AOJl)l{eH "3AeCb C110BO )'Ou (nOCl1e pay) - KOCBeHHoe AonOJ1-
HeHHe}> .
2 OTnJlaTIiITb. OTOMCTIiITb KOMY-Jl. (38 'ITO-n.)
"B03MOJICHO C nOCl1eAYIOM npeA1JOroM for}> . I have paid
him back for such a slight on me. 0 51 OTnJlaTIIIJl aMY 38
TaKoe HeYBaJKeHllle ICO MHe. => get back at, payout
play sth back
(v n adv) [HMeeTCJI n] BocnpOlll3BOAIiITb '!TO-Jl. (ay.Quo-
H11H BH,Qe03anHCb 'Iero-n.) . Play unit one bllck and try
to repeat each sentence. 0 Bocnpolll3BeAlil nepBbI pa3-
Aen III nocTapacR nOBTopRTb K3)KAOe npe,IJJIO)l{eHllle.
6.

164
D playback
[nJ npOHrpblBaHHe, BocnpOH3BeAeHHe (ay,aHO- HIIH
Be03anHCH) . How to have a play-back on this tape
recorder? 0 KslC no11Y'l1fTb BOCnpoM3Be.o.eHMe 3anMCH Ha
3TOM MarHHTO<j>oHe?  run back
pull back
(v adv) OTKa38TbCSI, OTCTynHTbCI'I (aT 'Iera-n.) "'BOJMOJK-
HO C nOCn8AYKJUU'lM npeAJ10rOM from}» . At last moment he
pulled back from entering this institute. 0 B nOCl1eAHHM -
MOMeHT OH OTICa3allCR nOCT)'naTb B 3TOT MHCTMT)'T.
I
_ push ahead I forward Ion
· (v adv) npoABlllrSTbCR BnepeA. He OCT8H8BI1111BaTbCSI,
npo.o.omK8Tb (HeB3HpaSi Ha Tpy,aHOCTH) "'B03MO)I(HOC no.
CneAYKJUU'lM npeA/lOrOM WIth}» . Pushing ahead (with OIU
affair) is the only way to gain our object. 0 TOl1bKO npo-
ABMraRt;b BnepeA B HaweM Ael1a, MbI MO>KeM Aocrn'lb
CBoeM uel1M.
push forward
(vadv) = push ahead/forward/on
put 5th back (v n adv)
1 B03BpSTI'lTb 'ITO-I1. Ha MecTO . Put my glasses bad
where you took them. 0 nOllQ)KM MOM O'lICM Ha TO Macro,
rAe TbllIIX B3R1l.  be bacA, get back
2 O:rKlla,D,blBaTb 'ITO-I1. (c06b1THe. MeponpHSITHe H T.ll.)
Ha ()ollee n03AHHiiI CpoK . They decided to put this
match back to six 0 'clock. 0 OHH peWH11111 npoBeCTM
3TOT MaT'! n03}l(e, B 6 'IaCOB.  bring forward
3 3aJJ.ep>KHB8Tb; TOpM03HTb 'ITO-I1. (BblnyCK npop.YK-

r

165
H. BblnOnHeHHe nnaHa H T.n.) . The rainy weather put
lhe rf!aping of harvesl back al leasl a week. 0 ,D,O)I(A-
nMBaA norona 3a,11,ep>Kana c60p ypo>KaA no MeHbWeiir
Mepe Ha MeCAu.. ::::> Sl!l back
put sb I sth forward
1 (v n adv) BblABMraTb. npeA/1araTb LlTo-n. (w:lelO,
npe,W/OJICeHHe, TeopHIO H r.n.). Whal a grf!at solulion
they have put forward! 0 KaKoe BenMlConenHoe pewe-
HMe OHM npeA/10>KMnMI ::::> put up
2 (v n adv) npeA/1ClraTb 1C0ro-n. Ha AomICHOCTb. BbI-
CT8BnATb KaHAM.o.arypy. pelCOMeHAOBaTb Koro-n.
. Yesterday the dirf!ctor consulted me about the post of_
lhe deputy, J put you forward. 0 B'4epa AMpeKTOp COBe-
TOBanCA co MHOiir no nOBOAY AOIl>KHOCTM 38Ma, R
npeA1\O>KMII BaC.
ring (sb) back
(v adv.) esp SrE nepe3BOHIoITb (KOMY-I1.) CHOBa
. Sorry. Jforgot what J wanted to tell you, J'll ring (you)
back in five minules. 0 CQ)l(anelO, A 386b111, LITO XOTen
ClCa38Tb Te6e, A nepe3BOHIO (Te6e) '4epe3 nATb MMHyY.
::::> call back
run (sb/sth) back
1 (v adv) 6b1crpo B03SpaTI1TbCS1 (KY.Qa-n.) <S03MO)l(HO C
nocne.ayK)M npe.Ql10rOM to}> . Why should J run back if
you have forgotten something? 0 nOLleMY A AOIl>KeH
6e>KaTb Ha3a.o., ecnM Tbi '4TO-TO 386b111? -
2 (v n adv) esp SrE OTB03MTb 1C0ro-n. Ha3a,ll, . He was
kind enough to run me back home. 0 OH 6b111 AOCTa-
r0'4HO nlO6e3eH OT8e3TI1 MeHA Ha3aAAOMOiir.

166
3 (v n adv) npOKpyrHTb Ha3aA neHTY MarHHT<><I>oHa,
nneHKY <l>HnbMa . Run some part of the film bad, I 'd .
like to show you something again. 0 npolCpyrH HeMHoro
nneHKH Ha3aA, SI 6b1 XOTen Te6e KOe-'ITO nOKa3aTb
OnSlTb. ::;) play back
run back over sth
(vadv pr) BHOBb nOBTopHTb, npHnOMHHTb 'ITO-n., B03-
BpaTHTbCR K 'IeMy-n. (K TeMe, K CK83aHHOMY, K nep"'OIJ.Y
apeMeH'" '" T.n.) . We can now run back over our plan
to find a possibility to include the visiting of the theatre.
o MbI MO)l(eM cei.1'1ac BHOBb npo6eJKaTbCR no HaweMY
nnaHY. 'IT06b1 Hai.1TH B03MO)l(HOCTb BIU1IO'IHTb B Hero
noceweHHe TeaTpa.
-
send sb/sth ahead (of sb/sth)
(v n adv, v n adv pr) nOCblnaTb 1C0ro-n./'iTO-n. paHbwe
(KorO-11./'iero-11.) . We should send our luggage ahead
(of us) in. a container. 0 HaM C11eAyeT nocnaTb Haw 00.
r8)K paHbwe KOHTei.1HepOM. ::;) go ahead
send sb I sth back
(v n adv) OTCbl11aTb KorO-11./'iTO-11. Ha38A, 06paTHO . If
YOII don't like this constructor you can send it back to .
the shop for the replacement. 0 EC11H BaM He nOHpa-
BHTCR 3TOT KOHCTPYKTOP, BbI MO)l(eTe ero OTnpaBHTb
oOpaTHO B Mara3HH A11R 38MeHbI.
set sb I sth back
1 (v n adv) OTOABHraTb, YCTaHaB11HBaTb 'ITO-11. Haaa.o.
. Set this chair back, let your grandmother sit there.

1
167
o nOCTBb 3TOT Ctyll HB33,Q, nyCTb TBOS! 6a6ywlCa TaM t.
eT.  selforward
2 (v n adv) CAep)KBaTb pa3BTe ..ero-ll., 3a,D.ep-
)I(BaTb KaKO'JI. npoLlecc t You '/I set his study back. if
you every day bring him a new videofilm. 0 11.1 nOMe-
waeWb eMY Y'I&oITbCSI, eCll&o1 K8)I(J].bl AeHb 6YAeWb np-
HOCTb eMY HOBbI BM,D,eo4l&olJlbM.
3 () CTE>Tb, 060n1Cb KOMy-Jl. B KaKYIO-Jl. CYM-
MY t This new car set us back a round sum. 0 3Ta HOBaSl
MaWHa o(5oWJlaCb HaM B ICPymylO cyMMY.  knock
back
set forth (5th), _
1 () otPULl. 3J1araTb, 06bSlCHSlTb '1TO-Jl. (cuc- ·
TeMaTHileCKH H flCHO) t This instruction sets forth the &1
new rules for pedestrians. 0 3Ta HCTPYKLlIllSI 3J1araeT ,
HOBbie npaBl1a AlIA neweXOAOB.  set out
2 (v adv) TporaTbCA (s nYTb) , ompaBJlSlTbCSI (s ny- I
TewecTsHe) . We'll set forth on this business trip to-
morrow. 0 Mbi OTnpaBMCA B 3ty 1C0MaHAi'lpOBKY 38B- I
Tpa.  set oul
sit back (v adv)
1 OTKHHyrt>CA Ha CnHHKY ctyJla: OTAbiXaTb, paccJla6-
llfITbCSI nocne HanpSl)KeHHOM pa60Tbl . Look at him:
when he is silting back he is keeping his feet up. 0 no-
CMOTp Ha Hero: lCorAa OH oTAbixaeT Ha CT)'J1e, OH 38-
Ai'lpaeT CBO'" Horn BBepx.
2 neH"'TbCA, OTC"')K&oIBaTbCA, YCTpaHfITbCSI, YK110HSlTbCSI
(aT KaKou-n. pa60Tbl) 4-cp. c sit by, 03Ha'la1OU4ilM 083.A8A-
CTBI18 OT H8JK8nSHI1R y-4SCTBOBaTb B '18M-II.);> tIt seems to me

168
I
t-
he prefers to sit back when the others work. <> MHe Ka-
)KeTCR, OH npeAnO"llo1TaeT OTCH)KHBaTbCR, lCorAS APYrHe
paOOTaIOT. :::;:> sit by
stand back (v adv)
1 OTXOAHTb nOA811bwe (aT Koro-n./'Iero-n.) <;(B03MO*HO
c nOcne.AYIOUV/IM npe,W10rOM from];> . Excuse me, could
you, please, stand back from me, I can't bear the smell
of smoke. <> 1i13BHHHTe, Bbi He MOfllH Obi OTOmH no-
A811bWe OT MeHR, R He nepeHOWY 38naxa AbiMa. =:) get
back, move back
2 nOCMoTpeTb co CTOpOHbI (HB 'ITO-n.) <B03MO)l(HO c no-
cne.o.YIOUV/IM npe,W10rOM from];> . If we stand back from
this routine we'll be able to find the way to improve our
affairs. <> ECI1H Mbi B3f11RHeM Ha 3Ty pyrHHY co CTOpoHbI,
Mbi CMO)KeM HaTH cnocol5 Yl1Y"1WHTb HaWH Ael1a.
start back
(v adv) ompRHyn., wapaxHyrbCSI B CTOPOHY . I couldn't
understand why she had started back. <> 51 He Mor no-
HRTb, nO"leMY OHa OTnpRHYl1a.
stay ahead (of sb/sth)
(vadv, v adv pr) OCTaBaTbCR l1HAepOM (y 1C0ro-11., rAe-l1.),
6bITb BnepeAH APyrHx . It s not so difficult to become
first as to stay ahead (of the others). <> He TalC rpYAHO
CTaTb nepBblM, KaK YAep)KaTbCR BnepeAH (OCTaJ1bHblX).
=:) keep ahead (of)
take sb / sth back
1 (v n adv) B03BpalU8Tb, npHB03HTb, npHBOAHTb KO-
rO-l1./'iTO-l1. (KY,QB-R.) <B03MO)l(HO c nOCne.AYIOUV/IM npe,q-

168
110rOM to}> . When will you take our son back home?
 Kor.o.a Tbi 386epewb Hawero CblHa AOMO?
2 (v n adv) nplolHIoIMaTb 06paTHo Koro-I1./LfTO-I1. . This
school has refused to take you back.  3-ra WKOl1a OTKa-
aanaCb nplolHATb Te6A Ha38A.
3 (v n adv) 6paTb Ha38A CBOlol C110Ba, nplll3HaTb CBOIO
Henp8BOT)'. Yesterday I was wrong and I take my words
back.  fI B'jepa 6b111 HenpaB 101 6epy CBOIII CJ10Ba
oOpaTHo.
4 () B03BpaTb KorO-I1. B BocnOMIoIHaHIoIAX (K
'1eMy-n.), HanOMIoIHaTb 1C0MY-I1. 'jTO-I1. B npowl1oM
. This nice view talees me back to my childhood. 0 STOT
3aMe'jaTeJ1bHbI BillA HanoMIllHaeT MHe Moe AeTCTBo. _
=> carry back I
talk back
(v adv) (HMeeTCII iov] rpy60, Aep3KO B03paJK8Tb; orpbl-
3aTbCA <B03MOIKHO C nOCl1e,AY1OII.II1M npe,O,l10rOM to)> . You
shouldn't talk back if your father tell. you off for some-
thing. 0 Tbi He AOJ1)l(eH orpbl38TbCA, eC11I11 OTeLt OT'lIllTbl-
saeT Te6A 3a 'jTO-TO. => answer back
 back-talk
[0] P83r. Aep3KIoI OTBeT
think ahead
(v adv) 3ar11AJ:1bIBaTb B 6YAYU-lee, BnepeA; npeABlo\AeTb
. If to think ahead we can imagine our plan to be em-
bodied. 0 ECl1101 38r11AHYTb BnepeA, TO Mbi MO>KeM npeA-
craBIoITb Haw nJ1aH BonI10U-leHHblM.
think back
w
(v adv) BcnOMIllHaTb npOW11oe, Or11AJ:1bIBaTbCA Ha38A

1-70
I
J-
«e03MOJICHO C nOCneAYIOI1MI1 npeAIIoraMH on, to).> . This
nice view makes me think back to my school years;
o 3TOT npll\THbI BII\,D, YBO,D,KT MeH B MblCI1RX Ha3a,D, B
WKOl1bHble rO,D,bI.
throw sb/sth back (I<IMeeTCl'l n]
1 (v n adv) oT6paCblBaTb, oT611\BaTb 'iTO-I1. 06paTHO
. Who has Ihrown Ihis ball here? I wouldn'l Uk 10
throw il bacA. 0 KTO 6POCII\11 CIO,D,a 3TOT MR'i? MHe 6b1 He
XOTe110Cb 6pocaTb ero 06paTHo.
2 (v n adv) 3aMeAllRTb. 3aTOpM0311\Tb 1C0ro-I1./'iTO-n.
. His illness threw him back in his sludy (or: ...threw
his sludy back), 0 6011e3Hb 3aTOpM0311\11a ero y-.e6y.
3 ( v n adv ) HanOMIliHaTb KOMY-I1. ('ITO-n. nnoxae);
«e03MO)l(HO c nOCneAYlOl.1II1M npeAIIOrOM to» . Every lime
she Iries to throw me back to the time when J drank a
101. 0 KaJK,D.bI pa3 OHa nbiTaeTCR HanOMHIIITb MHe
BpeMR, lCor,D,a 51 MHoro nllll1. => carry back
c throw-back
en] TO, liTO HanOMII\HaeT 0 npOW110M . This Ihing is a
nice throw-back to our first date. 0 aTa WTYKa - npM-
RTHoe BOCnOMII\HaHlile 0 HaweM nepBoM CBIII,D,aHII\II\.
tie sth back
(v n adv) 3aBR3bIBaTb, CKPenl1RTb 'fr0-11. C3a,AIo1 . Please
tie Ihis belt back. 0 nO)l(8J1ycTa. 3aKpenll\ 3TOT peMeHb
C3aJJ,III.
turn (sb/sth) back
1 (v adv, v n adv) OTrll\6aTb, OTBOpa'lIllBaTb 'ITO-n.;
3arlilOaTbl:)R, OTBOpa'iIliBaTbCR . Usually when J stop
reading a book. I turn the page back. 0 06b1'iHO. KOrAa

nfi1
R npepblBalO '1TeH&.1e, R 3ar&.16alO CTj)aH&.1L1Y. => turn
down.
2 (v adv, v  adv) B03BpalUCiTbCR; B03BpalUCiTb 1C0rO-I1./
'iTO-I1. . Turn her back, J forgot to tell her something.
o BepH&.1 ee Ha3a,l!., R 3a6b1I1 CKa3aTb e 'iTO-TO. t/f you
don't turn back now you may not turn back at all.
o Ecn&.1 Tbi He BepHeWbCR ce"''1ac, Tbi MO>KeWb COBceM
He B03BpalUCiTbCR.
3 (v adv) 113MeHRTb CBoe peWeHt1e, CBOpa'l&.1BaTb C
HaMe'leHHOrO nyTt1 <O:OI5b1'1HO B OTplilLl3TellbHblX npeA/10JKB-
HIiIRX» . If you have given me a word you can't tur"
back, 0 ECII&.1 Tbi Aan MHe CIIOBO, Tbl He MO>KeWb He _
c.o.ep>KaTb ero. ·
win sth back
Iv n adv) OTBoeBaTb, OT6I11Tb, BepHYTb B 60pb6e'lTO-I1.
. When are you going to win Ihe prize back? 0 KorAa Bbi
c06111paeTecb OTBoeBaTb npt13?
write back
(v adv) nlilcaTb B OTBeT (nUCbMO, 38nucK)', nOCll8Hue)
<O:S03MOJKHO C nOClleJJ.ytOUIIiIM npeA/10rOM to . J didn't ex-
pect that he would write back 10 me immediately. 0  III
He O>K&.1.o.an, '1TO OH cpa3Y OTBeT&.1T MHe (nt1CbMOM).

,

7
along together with
apart aside away
PA3.llEJI
I
 ABI1)f(eHHe BMeCTe - P33AellbHO; OpraHl13aUI1!l. npol13BOACTBO,
  nporpecc - m6ellb, pa3pyWeHHe; 6111130CTb, 1I0HTallTIoI, rpyn..
nl1poBaHHe. COnpoBOH<AeHl1e, Cml3H - 1130IIHpoBaHHe. yeAl1HeHl1e,
OTIIOII. P33AelleHHe; BOBI\e'leHHe, noAAep)f(lIa - ycTynlla, OC
_ 6oH<AeHHe; oA06peHI1e - OTllllOHeHl1e, OTI<I\8,b.blBaHHe; H8II11'1118.
06ecne'leHl1e - H3bRTI1e, HenpHCoeAl1HeHHe. CHRTI1e
TEMATMKA Cl)PA30BblX rnArOnOB:
agree with sb I sth (v pr)
1 IIIMeTb ro )l(e MHeHllle, TO III ICTo-n.; cornawaTbCSl C
keM-n./'feM-n. . You are right. I agree with you. 0 Tbi
npaB, 51 C To60 COrnaceH. . She had to agree with his
option. 0 OHa BblHyJlC,AeHa 6b1na cornaCIIITbCSI c ero
MHeHilleM.
2 COOTBeTCTBOBaTb 'leM}'-n.: cornaCOBbiBaTbCSl.C 'feM-II.
(oco6eHHO 8 rpaMMBTUKe) . This list doesn't agree
with that they faxed earlier. 0 3TOT cnillCOk He COOTseT-
cTByeT TOMY, 'fTO nOny'feH paHee no <J>alCcy. . The end-
ings should agree with the case.. 0 OKOH'faHIIIR JJ,on)l(Hbi
6b1Tb COrnaCOBaHbI C na,D,e)l(OM.
3 6b1Tb 6narOnpYIRTHbiM JJ.1lR 'fbero-n. 3JJ,OpoBbR, )(B-
paKTepa lot T.n. <{'Ia B OTpHuaTenbHbIX 11 BOnpOCI1TenbHbIX

..
173
npBA/10JKBHIoIAX}> . / am afraid neither country nor work
agree with him and he'll come back soon. 0 EiolOCb. "'-0
Hiol CTpaHa, Hili pa60Ta He nOAOHAYT eMY III OH CICOpo
BepHeTCSI Ha3aJ],.
back away
(vadv) ompSlHYTb, OTWaTHyTbCSI (8 /IIcnyre, C 'iyBCTBOM
OMep3eH/ilfI /II T.n.) "'B03MOJKHO C nOCI1B,ny1C)U\HM npeA/1OrOM
from}> . Somebody appeared in the room and / backed
,away (from the windo". 0 KTO-TO nOSlBlIIllCSI B 1C0MHaTe.
III SI ompSiHYll (OT OICHa).  back off
be along
(v adv) nOAoiirTlII, npIll6b1Tb. nplilexaTb, nplilKaTlilTb (c
C>,QHoro MecTa B APyroe, 06b1'1HO C 6n/ll3Koro pac-
CTOflH/IIfI) "'B03MOJICHO C nOCI1B,ny1C)U\HM npeA/10rOM to; B _
OCHOBHOM Future Tense}> ./'/1 be along (to the box-offic'e)
soon. 0 fI CICOpO nOAoiiiAY (IC TeaTpanbHoiii lCacce).
 come along (10)
be away (v adv)
1 6b1Tb cnpSlTaHHblM, y6paHHblM (8 CTon, 8 S/UlHK H T.n.)
. / hope the knives and forks are away in the kitchen
table. 0 Hao.elOCb, BloInlCM H HO)l(III y6paHbI B J<yXOHHbliii
crOll.  pul away
2 OTcyTCTBOBaTb, YXOAIoITb, ye3>KaTb . They should be
away by 5 0 'clock. 0 K 5 'iaCSM \oIX YJKe He AOmKHO 6b1Tb
TaM. . prov When the cat is away, the mice will play.
o nocno KOT 1013 AOMa - MblWIoI B nnSlc.
be with sb 15th (v pr)
1 pa60TaTb B KalCoiii-n. 4>loIpMe . /t was the happiest

174
I
..
time when / was with an /ndianfirm. 0 3T0 Obl1l0 caMoe
CaCT1l"'BOe BpeMR, 1C0rAB R paOOTa/1 B "'HA"'HCKO
4>",pMe.
2 pa3r. nOH"'MaTb KorO-lI./"ITO-lI. (cnolla. MblcnH, 061>-
RCHeHHe H T.n.) . It seems to me. my dear. you are not
with me. 0 MHe KIDKeTCR, AoporOH, Tbi He nOH"'MaeWb,
TO R rOBOplO.
3 nOMep)I("'BaTb Koro-n.; AeHcTBOBaTb B comac",,,, C
KeM-lI. . / will be with you if only you first speak of it.
o 51 TeOR nOMep>KY. eClI'" TOllblCO Tbi nepBbtH aarOBO-
P"'Wb 00 3TOM.
bear sb I sth away I off (v n adv)
1 YHOC"'Tb, YB03"'Tb ICOro-lI./TO-lI. . We couldn't imag-
ine how to bear so many people away from the danger-
ous place. 0 Mbl He Morn", npeACraBHTb. KaK BblBe3TM
TalCoe KOll"'''IeCTBO 1I1OAelil C onaCHoro MeCTa.
2 3aBOaTb, Bbl"'rpaTb To-n. (npH3, no6etW H T.n.)
. He was so proud of bearing away the second prize.
o OH O"leHb rOPA"'lIcR TeM, TO 3aBoeean BTOPYIO npe-
M"'IO. . prov He that blows best, bears away the horn.
o nOCl1. KTO CMen, TOT'" Cben.
break away (vadv) [HMe8TCR n]
1 y6e>KaTb, C6e>KaTb (OT Koro-n.j'l8ro-n.) "B03MOJKHO C
nocne.aYIOM noroM from» . I punished him and
told him to be at home. but he brolce away. 0 51 HaKa3a/1a
ero '" Benella CIllAeTb AOMa, HO OH yOe)l(a/1.
2 paaopBaTb CBR3111 (c KeM-n.j'leM-n.), OTl<OlIOTbCR (OT
Koro-n.j'lero-n.) ..;(B03MO)O(HO c nOCneAYIOM norOM
from'i- . Why did he break away from our company.
o n04eMY OH OTK01l01lCR OT HaweH KOMnaH"''''?

..
175
D breakaway
In] BblXOJJ, (U3 napTUU u r.n.); p8CICon, OTXOJJ, (aT
rpet50saHuH U T.n.) . I saw their programme, that s a
real breaAaway. 0 s:I BIo1JJ,en I1X nporpaMM}', 3TO SlBHblA
paCKon.
break with sb I sth
Iv pr) nOpB8Tb, npepB8Tb OTHOWeHIo1S1 C KeM-n./'1eM-n.
. As soon as she got married she brolce with me. 0 KaK
rOllbkO OH8 BblW118 3aMy)!(. OH8 npepB81l8 OTHOWeHIo1A
co MHOA.
bring sb 15th along I on (v n adv)
1 nplo1BoJJ,I1Tb KorO-ll., nplo1HOCKTb '1TO-ll. C C060M .(803-
MO)KHO C nocneAYIOUlHM nP8AAoroM to;' . It:Y 0 pity you 
didn't bring a tape recorder along to the party. 0 >Kanb, 
'ITO TbI He nplo1Hec c c060A M8rHIo1TO<j)oH H8 Be'lepIo1HJCy.
 come along
2 nOJJ,rOTaBlllo1B8Tb, pa3BIoIB8Tb, TpeHlo1poBaTb KorO-ll.;
cnOco6CTB0B8Tb'tbeMY-ll. pa3BIo1TIo11O, cOBepweHcT80-
BaHIo1IO . I always thank my first coach for bringing
along my abilities. 0 s:I BcerJJ,a nplol3H8Tel1eH MoeMY
nepBoMY TpeHepy 3a pa3BIo1TI1e MOIo1X cnoco6HoCTeA.
:::) come along/on
bring away sth
() BblHeCTIo1 I(8IC0e-ll. Bne'l8rneHlo1e (OT 3penU8,
KHuru, pa3roeopa U r.n.); COXpaHHTb, OCT8BIo1Tb I(8lCoe.
11. npeJJ,cT8B/leHHe, naMSlTb (0 '/eM-n.) . We were talk-
ing long enough and, anyway. I couldn't bring away any
idea of his intentios. 0 Mbi P83rOBap.Io1B811H JJ,OCTaTO'IHO

176
,Qonro, O,QHaKO R TaK VI He CMoma COCTaBMTb HMKaKOro
npe,QCTaBJleHIIIR 0 ero HaMepeHVlRX.
bring sb I sth together (v n adv)
1 coe,QIIIHRTb 'lTo-n. B O,QHO l\enoe . Try to bring these
letters together to get a hole word. 0 nOcTapacR coo-
,QIo1HlIITb 3TM 6YKBbI BMecTe, '4T06b1 nOnY'iIllT l\eJ1OQ
cnOBO.
2 npVlMVlpRTb Koro-n.; 06be,QIo1HIIITb KOrO-J1., CBeCTH
lCoro-n. BMeCTe . I know how to bring them together
after their quarrel. 0 51 3HalO, KalC nplllMlo1plllTb Io1X nocne
IIIX CCOpbl.  come together
, brush sth aside I away (v n adv)
 1 cMaxlo1BaTb '4TO-n. (PYKOH. LL/eTKOH.., T.n.) . Did you
_ brush the dust aside? 0 Tbi cMaxHyn nblJ1b?
2 npeHe6peraTb '4eM-I1., He 06pal14ClTb BHMMaHIiiA Ha
'4TO-n. . / have alwaYJ' e11Vied your ability to brush tri-
fles away. 0 51 Bcer,Qa 3aBVI,QOBaJI TBoe cnoco6HOC"nI
He o6pal14ClTb BHIo1MaHIoIR Ha MeIlO'4I11.  push aside
call sb away
() Bbl3b1BaTb KOro-I1. <i('I8CTO Passive"i> . Why did-
n 'I you tell me Ihat my assistant was called away on the
same matler? 0 nO'4eMY Bbi He Ca3aJ1l11 MHe, '4TO Moero
nOMOLllHIo1Ka Bbl3BaJWI no TOMY >Ke ,QeIlY?
carry sb I sth along
1 (v n adv) HOCIIITb, 3axBaTbiBaTb '!TO-II. C c060i:1 <i('I8CTO
C noCl1etlytOM npeA/1oroM with);> . I often can .fee him
carrying a book along (with him). 0 51 '4aCTO BIo1>KY ero c
KHlllro B PYKax.

177
2 () nO,D,D.ep)l(aTb, nOA60APHTb 1C0ro-1\. . The
self-reliance carried him along in his lift. <> YBepeH-
HOCTb a ceCSe nOMorna eMY B )l(1II3HIII.
carry sb I sth away (v n adv)
1 YBOAHTb, YHOCIIITb, yTacKIilBaTb Koro-I1./'ITO-I1.
. Look. that bird has carried a chicken away. <> CMOTPIII,
Ta nnll.\8 yTaUUo1l1a LIbInl1eHK3. ::::> carry off
2 OXBaTbiBaTb, 3anOllHRTb, YBllelCaTb, YHOCHTb 1C0rO-I1.
(0 'WBcTBe, nopblBe, MblcnJlX H T.n.) <'I8CTO PassiVe).
. This interesting idea had carried him away and he
couldn't stop thinking of it..<> 3Ta HHTepecH8R MblCllb
3aXBaTHlla era, H OH He Mor nepeCTaTb AYMaTb 06
3TOM.
carry sb 18th with one (v n pr) 
1 YBlle'lb, y6eAHTb KorO-ll., BeCTlil KorO-ll. 3a co60M ......
(CBOHMH .QeiicTBHJlMH. cnoBaMH, "!,lIeJlMH H T.n.) . He
carried all of us with him by his plans and we joined
him. <> OH BCex Hac yallelC CBOHMH nll8H8MI.1, 1.1 Mbi
npHcoeAHHHlll.1Cb IC HeMY.
2 AOllro COXpaHRTb, HOCHTb '!T0-1\. B ce6e (Bocno-
MHHaH/IIJI, BneliameHHJI H Ton.) . He carried with him
the last words of his father for the rest of his life. <> OH
BCIO CBOIO OCT8BWYlOCSI )l(H3Hb HOCHI1 B ceCSe noclleA-
Hl.1e CllOBa CBoerO OTI..\8.
cast sb I sth aside (v n ad,,)
1 wyrn. oropacblBaTb, OTK1lBAbiBaTb 'ITO-ll. BpeMeHHo
(o.Qey, BeU4H) . At last J can cast these warm winter
boots aside. <> HaICOHet.t-TO R MOry yCSpaTb 3T111 Tenllble
31.1MHHe 60TI.1HKI.1. ::::> cast away

178
I

204»1q. nOpblBaTb C lCeM-l1./'IeM-l1. (C ,QPY3bflMU, npu-
BbI'IKaMU H T.n.); o1"6paCblBaTb, OTBepraTb 'ITO-l1.; OT-
peWaTbCJI OT'Iera-l1. (OT 3a6oT. 06f138TenbCTB U T.n.) .
He cast his high position aside and became a singer. 0
OH OCTaBW1 CBOIO BbiCOKYIO ,QOI1>KHOCTb iii CTan neB140M.
=> cast away
cast sb I sth away (v n adv)
1 Bbl6pacblBaTb, BbiKIoI,QblBB:[b 'ITO-l1. (eelllu, o,QeJl(llY,
npe,lJ,MeTbI) . Cast this lumber away, I can't bear to
look at it. 0 Bbl6poclil 3ry pyxI1AAb. A He MOry Ha Hee
CMOlpeTb.  cast aside
2 nopblBaTb C KeM-I1./'IeM-I1. (c ,qpY3bflMH, npUBbI'I-
KaMH H T.n.); oTpeWaTbCJI OT 'Iero-l1. (OT 3a6oT, 06fl-
3aTenbCTB H T.n.); oT6pacblBaTb, oTsepraTb '1TO-I1.
. What a bad idea you lIuggest: cast it away out of YOllr
head. 0 TO 3a 'IYWb Tbi npeAJlaraeWb; Bbl6poCiol ee 1013
r0110BbI.  cast aside
clear (sb/sth) away
(vadv, v n adv) IoIC'1e3Hyrb, npoTIoI, 3aKOH'IIoITbCR, pac-
ceATbCA (0 npeJ1,MeTax, flBneHUAX, '1YBCTeax); ylSlolpaTb
'1TO-l1., pa3rOHRTb, paccelolsaTb KorO-l1./'ITO-l1. . When
1 saw her again, my dismal mood cleared away. 0 KorAB
A BHOBb ee YBI1,Qel1, Moe Mpa'lHOe HaCTpOeHl1e IoIC-
"Ie3110. .1 have told you several times - don't clear my
things away. 0  Te6e HeCKOl1bKO pa3 roBOp1ol11 - He
ylSlllpa MOIil sel14i'l.
come along
(v adv) nplolXO,QIIITb, III,QTIII, nORBI1RTbCA (KCTBTH HnH
HeKCTBTIII; 0 '1enOBeKe, 0 MawIIIHe); npeAcTaBIIITbcA,

179
nOD,BepHyrbCSl (0 Cn)"l8e, B03MO)/(HOCrn) . She is a/-
ways on the look-out and takes every chance that comes
along. "() OHa Bcer,/J,a Ha'leKy 11 He ynYCTIiiT HI1K8ICO
npeD,CTaBI1Bwej;;cR B03MO)l(HOCTIil. . It was strange that
you Came along just as I was thinking about you. () STo
15b1110 CTpaHHO. 'ITO TbI nORBI111CSl KalC pa3 Tor,/J,a, Kor,/J,a R
D,YMana 0 Te6e. => bring along/on, turn up
come along I on (v adv)
1 npo.o.Bl1raTbCR. I1ATI1 ycnewHO (0 K8KOM-n. ,Qene);
nOnpaBllSlTbCSI, Bbl3.QOpaBlllIIBaTb <..aCTo Continuous»
. How i.r your dictionary coming along? () KalC npo-
D,BlllraeTCR pa60Ta C saWIilM clloBapeM? . Hope your
son is coming along. () Hap,elOcb, saw CbIH nonpaBllR-
eTCR. => bring along/on 
2 nplolllaraTb 15011bwe YCI111I1H, CTapaH)\j;; (B 'IeM-n.) . I _
know, she could come along if she wished to. () s:I 3HalO. I
OHa Morna 6b1 pa60TaTb nY'lwe, eClllII 6b1 3axoTella.
3 He MO)l(eT 6b1Tb! R Te6e He BeplO! (BOCIUIHWJHHe) <B
nOBemUel1bHOM HaKl10HeHHI1» . Come along! How has it I
happened? () He MO)l(eT 6b1Tb! KalC)I(e aTO Clly<lHllOCb?
come along (to sb 18th)
(v aclv, v aclv pr) npl1XOD,I1Tb, nO.AXo.o.I1Tb, no.o.bB3)l(BTb
(Ky.D.a-ll.,1C KOMY-ll.) (CO,QHoroM6CTa B,Qpyroe. 06b1'1HO
C 6nH3KOro paCCTORHHR; H8npHMep. BHyrpH O,QHoro
3,Q8HHR). Do come along (to our company) if you are
not squeamish about speaking to us. () AaBai'i no.AXo,l),l1
(K Hawei'i KOMnaHI1I1), eC1l11 He 6pe3ryewb rOBOpl1Tb C
HaMill. => be along, bring to

180
come along (with sb)
(vadv, vadv pr) noii1n1, IIIATlil BMeCTe (c lCeM-n.) <"acTO
B nOeenl1TenbHOM H8K110HeHI1I1 . Stop crying and come
along (with me) to the shop. 0 nepeCTaHb nnaKaTb 11
nOWllIII co MHOii1 B Mara3111H.
come apart
(v adv) paar. clloMaTbcSI, pa3Ba11111TbCSI Ha 'faCTIit . When
I poured a hot water into the glass, it came apart.
o KorA8 SI HaJll111 ropS!'IYIO BOAY B CTaKaH, OH pacTpec-
KallCS1 Ha 'IacTIit. => fall apart
 come away
. . (v adv) OT.o,em1TbCSl, OTCIC0'4111Tb, OTBaJlIIITbCSI, OTl..tenI1Tb-
CSI <B03MO)KHO c nocne.l\YIOLLil'tM npe.l\l1oroM from . Where
did your button come away? 0 KYA8 .o,enaCb TBOS! nyro-
BI1I..tC1? . My skin comes away from the body because of
sunburn. 0 MoSi 1(0)Ka nynl1TCS! OT 3arapa.
come away with sbl sth
(v adv pr) YXO,lJ,lllTb, ye3>KaTb C KeM-n.j'4eM-n. (s T."I. C
KaKHMH-n. socnoMHHaHHRMH, "IyscTsaMH, Sne'l8Tne-
HHRMH H T.n.) . Where is the dog, it came away with us?
o A r.o,e c06alCa. OHa >Ke BblXO,lJ,llll1a C HaMill? . She could-
n 't realize why she came away with ill feelings. 0 OHa
He Morna OC03HaTb, nO'IeMY ywna C He.o,06pblMlil 'l}'B-
CTBaMlil.
come together (v adv)
1 co6paTbcS! BMeCTe, coe.o,I1HIIITbCSI . All my life I be-
lieved that one day our family would come together.

o BclO MOIO *"3Hb R Bep"fl, 'ITO O.o.HB>KAbi Hawa ceMbR
C06epeTCR BMeCTe.
2 nOM"plIITbCSI, Yfl8.D.l'lTb pa3HOrnaC"R . We were di-
vorced for several years then came together again for
our children s sake. 0 Mbi 6b1fl" B pa3Bo.o.e HeCICOflbKO
fleT, 38TeM BHOBb nOM"p"fl"Cb Pa.A" HaW"X .o.eTeit
 bring together
come with 8th
(v pr) conyrcTBOB8Tb 'IeMY-fl., np"Xo.o.IIITb, nORBflRTbCR
BMeCTe C ....eM-fl. (e B03paCTOM, omTOM H T.n.) . New
pleamnt cares came with the birth of our child. 0 HOBbie
np"RTHbie 3a6oTbi np"Wfl" C pO>K,O.eH"eM Hawero
pe6eHka. . prov Appetite comes with eating. 0 nocno
AnneT\o1T np"XO.Ql1T BO BpeMR eAbi.
cover 8th with 8th
1,2 (v n pr) = cover in
cross 8th with 8th
(v n pr) clCpeBaTb IC8K"X-fl. >K"BOTHbiX 1oIJ1" IC8K"e-fl.
pacTeH"R . We are getting a new interesting breed of
dogs crossing collies with greyhounds. 0 Mbi nOflY'laeM
HOaylO "HTepecHYIO nopo.o.y coOalC, ClCpeutlllB8R KOflfl" C
6op30i1.
cut 8th away
(v n adv) OTpe38Tb, oTpy6aTb 'nO-fl. . To help the tree to
grow you should cut dead branches away. 0 LiT06b1
nOMO'Ib .o.epeBY paCT". Bbi .o.Ofl>KHbI oTpy6"Tb cyx"e
BeTK".
, .1
181
.
I
1

fS2
deal with sb I sth (v pr)
1 "'MeTb .o.ellO, .o.e110Bble KOHTaKTbI C KeM-I1./..eM-I1.
. Who has deoJt with this firm? 0 KTO "'Mel1 .o.e110BbIe
KOHTaKTbI C 3TOH <I>"'PMOH? . It s very difficult to deal
with compillints of people. 0 O..eHb TPY.D.HO "'MeTh .o.eno
C )l(aJ'I06aM'" IIIO.o.eH.
2 "'MeTb "TO-I1. CBO"'M npe.o.MeTOM, KaC8TbCSI ..ero-n.
. Did he deal with roral economics in his article? 0 OH
pacCMaTp"'BaIl BonpOCbI 3KOHOM"'K"', cel1bClCoro xo-
3S1HCTBa B CBOeH CTaTbe?
3 pa36",paTbCSI C KeM-I1., np"'H"'MaTb Mepbl npOT"'B
KOro-l1. . We '/I have to deoJ with everyone who is
against us. 0 HaM np....o.eTcSI pa306paTbCSI co BCeMl-!,
KTO npaT"'B Hac.
IIIi do away with sb 15th (v adv pr)
1 "'36aBI1S1TbCSI OT ..ero-n.; ynpa3.o.HSlTb "TO-J1., nOI1O-
)I(...Tb 1C0,,!e ..eMy-n. . The government decided to do
away with the miner s strike. 0 npaB"'Tel1bCTBO pew...no
nOIlO)l(...Tb 1C0He waxrepcKoH aa6acToBlCe.
2 y6"'BaTb 1C0rO-I1.; BblBO.o.lo\Tb "TO-II. "'3 CTpOSl . When
are you going to do away with cockroaches? 0 Kor.o.a Bbi
c06...paeTeCb yH.....TO)l("'Tb TapaKaHOB?
do with sth (v pr)
1 HyJKJJ,aTbCSI B ..eM-I1., He OTKa3b1BaTbCSI OT ..ero-n., He
C""'TaTb "TO- n. n",wH"'M <B OCHOBHOM C npe.a.wecTB)'IOUIIIM
cnOBOM could: nepeBO):ll.lTCR B cocnaraTenbHOM HBKlTOHeHlu,}>
. Your hands could do wilh washing. 0 TBO'" PYK'" He
MeWaJ'lO 6b1 nOMbiTb.
2 no.o.eBaTb"TO-II. KY.o.a-n. (nOTef)RTb, OT.QaTbU T.n.) «B
OCHOBHOM B BonpOCMTenbHOM npe.Q/10>keHMM B Perfect H B Past

183
Simple, H8..HH8IOUIE!MCA co cnoaa .mat:» What did you do
with the key? 0 KYA8 TbI nOAeBallIU1IO"I?
3 TepneTb, BblHOCMTb "11"0-11. <iCc npe.QWBCT8)'1OU4HM can,
could not:» . You never can do with such noisy children.
o HeB03MO)l(HO TepneTb Tala1X WYMHbIX AeTeA.
draw apart
(vadv) paCXOAHTbCSI B CTOPOHbI, OTAa11SITbCSI (aT Koro-n./
'1ero-n.) <iCB03MO)KHO c nOCl1e.QYK>M npeA11orOM from:»
. When the teacher came into the class. children drew
a/Xl" (from each other). 0 Korona y'u1Tel1b Bowel1 B
K1IaCC, AeTH pa30wl1Mcb no MeCTaM.
draw sb/sth aside
(v n adv) OTO.QBMH}'Tb, OTaeCT\II 1C0ro-I1..l"lTO-I1. B CTO-
poHY .1 came to them and drew my brother lISille to talk Ifa
10 him. 0  nOAowel1 K HMM M OTBel1 Moero 6paTa B .....,
CTOPOHY. "ITOObl norOBOpMTb C HIIM.  pullllSide, take
lISille
draw away I back
(v adv) OTCTpaHSlTbCSI, ompSlHyrb, OTCKO"lMTb <i(S03MO)K-
HO C nOCJJe.Q)'IOU4HM npe.aJlOrOM from:» . She has felt some-
thing wrong in his behaviour and drawn away (from
him). 0 OHa nO'fYSll1a "ITO-TO Hel13,AHOe B ero nOBeAeHll1l
II ompSlHYl1a (OT Hero).
 eat sth away
(v n adv) nOCTeneHHO pa3beA8Tb, pa3PywaTb "ITO-I1.
. TIme and people ate away th;:; ancient palace ruth-
lessv. 0 BpeMR II I1IOAI'I 6e3*8110CTHO pa3PYW811M 3TOT
APeBHM£1 ABope.  wear away

184
fall apart
(v adv) paCnap,aTbCR, paCCblnaTbCR, pa3pyWaTbCR (0
npeIJ,MeTBX, 0 COlO3ax U T.n.) . Our friend(v company
fell apart after Nick had got married. 0 Hawa APY'KH8R
1C0MnaHIoIR pacnal1aCb nOCl1e TOro, KaIC HIolK >KeHIoII1CR.
 come apart
fall away (v adv)
1 oTpblBaTbCR, omap,aTb, OTBaJllolBaTbCR . Look, the
part of the roof has fallen away. 0 CMOTPIol, 'iaCTb KPbl-
Wlol OTB811Io111aCb.
, 2 YMeHbwaTbcR. cn8AaTb. oC11a6eBaTb <O:B03MOJKHO c no-
Cne.llYlOlW'IM npe.lll10rOM to» . With age my passion for
I football has fallen away to nothing. 0 C B03paCTOM Moe
.. YBJ1e'ieHlole tj>yr60110M COBceM nponaJlo.
face away from sb/sth
(v adv prt OTBOpa'iIolBaTbCSI OT KorO-I1'/'iero-I1.; (iblTb
o(ipaeHHblM (nUOM unu 4>aCa.LIOM) B APYI)lIO CTO-
POHY OT 'iero-l1. . Unfortunately, my room faced away
from her hQuse. 0 K CO>KaneHIoIIO, MOR 1C0MHaTa He
BblXOAloIl1a OKHaMIol K ee AOMY.
fix sb with sth
(v n pr) Of/JHL.I.. cMoTpeTb Ha KorO-I1. HenpepblBHo 11111111 B
ynop. YCTpeMI1S1Tb lCaKo-I1. B3r11RAHa KorO-I1. . Most of
all / don 'f like it, if my father fIXes me with his IInple-
ant/ook. 0 6011bwe Bcera R He 111061110, KOrAa MO,", oTeLl
CMOTplolT Ha MeHR B ynop CBOIilM HenplolRTHbiM B3r11R-
AOM.

185
get along (v adv)
1 >KMTb, nO)l(MBaTb, npO>KMBaTb. How is life? - We are
. getting along! <> KaK nO>KMBaeTe? - >KMBeM, XJle6
*yeM! (URU: nOManeHbKy!) =:> get on, let off
2 cnpaBflRTbCSI (c 'leM-n.), 06xOAl'lTbcSl (K8K-n., C eM-n.,
tie3 '1ero-n.) <;(B03MO>KHO C nOC11eJ:\VIOUII1MI'1 npeA/10raMI'1
with, without» . Hope, you get along normal(v with your
new job. <> Ha,AelOcb, Y Te6S1 Bce HopManbHO C TBoeiil
HOBOiil pa6oToiil. . I wonder how he gets along without
any help. <> HHTepecHo, KaK OH cnpaBflSleTCSI 6e3
nOCTopoHHeiil nOMOlllM. =:> get by, gel on
3 npOXOAMTb, npOTeKaTb (0 BpeMeHH) , CTapeTb (0
nlO,Qf/x) ""o!5bl'lHO Continuous» . Life is getting along so
fast that I can 'I nolice time. <> >KM3Hb MAeT-TalC 6b1CTpO, .
'ITO SI He 38Me\jBIO BpeMBHI1. =:> get on
4 fla,AI1Tb, HaxOAI1TbCSI B XOPOWI1X OTHOWeHI1S1X (c
KeM-n.) <;(B03MO)l(HO C nocneJ:\VIOUII1M npeA/10rOM with» I
. Why don't you and your girlfriend get along well
(with each other)? <> nO'IeMY Tbi He fla,Al1Wb co cBoeiil
AeBywlCoiil?
5 YXOAl'lTb, ye3JKaTb . It's time for children 10 eal and so
I should be getting along now. <> nopa 1C0pMI1Tb AeTeiil,
11 n03TOMY SI AOfl)l(HB I1ATI1 ceiil\jBC.
· get along I away with you
(v adv pr) pa3r. I1AI1 Tbl! 6YAeT Te6e! Aa 6POCb TbI!
(8h1paJKeHUe Heo,Qo(5peHUf/ Hnu He,Qo8epHfI) . The tax
inspector came to our.firm. - Get along with you! I
can't believe it! <> HanoroBblH I1HCneKTOp npl16b1fl HB
HBWY <Pl1pMY. - He MO>KeT 6b1Tb! He MOry nOBepl1Tb!
=:> get on, go along with you

186
--
get (sb/sth) away [l4MeeTCR nJ
1 (v adv, v n adv) YX0Al'lTb, ye3)1(aTb, YAlilpaTb (143 KB-
Koro-n. MeCTa); BbiBOAI1Tb, BblB0311Tb KOro-II'/'fTO-11.
(143 K8Koro-n. MeCTa) <{B03MO>KHO c nocne,o,yK>IJ..UIIM npeA-
norOM from'» . At last I can get away (from this house).
o HaKOHeLl R MOry yexaTb (113 3TOro AOMa). . He is
drunk, let s get him away. 0 OH nbRH, A3B8H ero BblHe-
ceM.
e getaway
[n] no6er, 6ercTBo . This night two prisoner.f made a
getaway. 0 S 3TY HO'fb ABoe 3aKllIO'IeHHblX 6e)l(a11l1.
2 (v n adv) 33lSlIIpaTb, oTlSlilpaTb, OTHI1MaTb'lTO-II. (OT
Koro-n.) 'B03MO)l(HO c nOCne.AYIOIUI-IM npe.Q/10rOM from}>
. Please get my toy away (from her). 0 nO)l(a11yiitCTa,
3a6epl1 MOIO I1rpywKY (y Hee).  take away
get away from sth
(vadv pr) YXOAIIITb, 1113ISaB11RTbCR OT 'fero-II. (aT HenpH-
RTHocTei1. aT npl4Sbll./HblX .o.ei1cTstli1. aT np8B1ofn),
YCTpaHS'lTbCR aT L1ero-l1. (aT HenptlRTHbiX .o.en 14 r.n.)
. He is lucky, he got away from paying taxes. 0 EM}'
nOBe3110, OH ywel1 OT ynnaTbi HaJlOrOB.
· get away from it all
(v adv pr) pa3r: YHTI1, YA311I1TbCR, oCB060AIIITbCR OT
TpYAHOCTeiit, cyeTbl, 3360T 11 T.n. . We'l/ hardly per-
suade him to stay here any longer. he decided to get
away from it all. 0 SpRA 11111 Mbi ylSeAl'lM ero OCTaT
3AeCb" XOTb Ha CKOllbIC0-HI16YAb, OH peWlII11 YHTI1 OT
Bcero 3Toro.

187
get away with 5th
Iv adv pr) yml3Hyrb OT HaKa3aHI"A 3a '1TO-I1. 1"111"
OTJJ.el1aTb '1eM-I1. l1erKl'lM BMeCTO HaKa3aHI"A . How
did you manage to get away with losing your passport?
o KaK Te6e yJJ,aJlOCb yTI" OT HaKa3aHI"A 3a nOTeplO
naCnOpTa? . He got away with an ordinary' fine. 0 OH
OTJJ.enaJl npOCTblM WTpa<pOM.
· get away with you
Iv adv pr) = get along/away with you
get (5b 15th) together
1 Iv adv) C061"paTbCSI BMeCTe, KOMnaHI"e . It S a pity
we can't get together such a long time. 0 )l(anb, '1TO Mbi
He MO>KeM TaK JJ.onro col5paTbCs:! BMecTe. ' .
2 (v n adv) C061"paTb KorO-l1./'1TO-l1. (nlCJ,Qei1. 8el1.l"',
MblCI1"'. C",nbl, Q>aKTbI '" T.n.) . To proof this version we
have 10 get all the facts together. 0 "ITOI5b1 AOKa3aTb ny
BepCI"IO, Mbi AOl1>KHbI c06paTb Bce <paKTbI. . Get your
things together and go away! 0 C06,",pa CBO,", BeUll" I"
npOBaJll"Ba!
3 ) pasr. CAenaTb Bce B03MO>KHOe 11J1s:! '1ero-l1.;
Mol51"111"30BaTb,OpraHI"30BaTb,CKOOPAI"HI"poBaTbCBOl"
Aei1lcTBI"A B '1eM-l1. (8 pa6oTe, 8 "'rpe. 8 p'ene '" T.n.)
<i:'IacTO Mcnoflb3yeTcil B BHAe get it together"» . We believed
that she would get this task together and get good re-
sults. 0 Mbl Bepl"l11", '1TO OHa Mo61"111"3yeT BCIO ce6A AIls:!
BblnOl1HeHI"s:! 3Toro 3aAaHI"A I" A06beTCs:! XOPOWI"X
pe3Yl1bTaTOB.
· get oneself together
I) B3s:!Tb ce6s:! B PYKI" . I know you can get J'our-

188
-
self together and forget her. <> 51 3HalO, Tbi CMO>KeWb
B3m-b ce6R B PYKi'I i'I aa6blTb ee.
give sb/sth away (v n adv) [I'IMeeTC1I n]
1 A8pi'lTb, pa3AaBaTb, oTA8saTb '1TO-1l. (6ecnna:rHo I'InH
no HI'I3KOM LJeHe) . My friend is going to give away a
new cassette for my birthday. <> Moi1 APyr c06i'1paeTCSI
nOJJ,api'lTb HOSYIO Kacce-ry Ha MOi1 AeHb pO>K,IJ.eHi'lR.
D give-away
[n] pa3r. nOAapOK; 6eCn1laTHOe npi'l1l0>KeHi'le . If you
buy this set of jewelry you'll get a watch as a gIve-
away. <> EC1li'l Bbi Kynlo1Te 3TOT Ha60p IOsel1lo1pHblX
lo13J1e1lIo1i1, Bbl nOl1y-'ii'lTe 3K3eMn1lRp '1aCOB B Ka'lecrse
6eCn1laTHOrO nplo11l0>KeHi'lR.
2 SblJ18saTb, npeJ18saTb KOro-1l./'1TO-l1.; paCCKa3b1BaTb
lCaKoi1-1l. ceKpeT, Tai1HY ';:B03MO)l(HO c nocneJ\ylOlU'\M
npeAJ]OrOM to;" . If .1'011 give away anything of what I told
.1'011, .1'011 won't be m\' friend an)' more. <> EC1l101 Tbi pa3-
601lTaeWb '1TO-HIo16YAb i'l3 Toro, '1TO SI Te6e paCCK83b1-
SaJJ, Tbi 601lbWe MHe He APyr.  let on
D give-away
[n] HenpeAHaMepeHHbli1 S3mRA, 3aMe'laHlo1e, )l(eCT i'1
T.n., BblAalOU4i'1e KaKYIO-n. Tai1HY. Only by this small re-
mark the policeman undentood - it was a give-away.
<> T01lbKO no 3TOMY MaJJeHbKOMY 3aMe'laHIo1IO n0l1i'14ei1-
CKi'li1 nOHR1l, '1TO 3TO 6b11l Ci'lrHa1l.
3 6eCne'lHO i'l1li'l no mynocTi'I ynYCTi'lTb '1TO-J1., OTKa-
3aTbCSI OT '1ero-1l., npeHe6pe'lb '1eM-1l. . Is he aloolto
give away such an interestinK job? <> OH '1TO, AypaK,
OTKa3b1BaTbCSI OT TaKoi1 i'lHTepecHoi1 pa60TbI?  throw
uway

189
go along (sth)
1 (v adv, v pr) ABlolraTbCSI BnepeA (BA011b 'Iera-11.);
npOABlolraTbCSI (no Aopore) . Go along (the street) and
you '/I find the bus stop you are asking for. 0 AIoITe
A8J1bwe (no Y11Io1e) 101 Bbi HaliiAeTe oCTaHoBKY aBT06yca,
KOTOPYIO cnpaWIoIBaeTe.
2 (v adv) IoIATIol BMeCTe (c KeM-n.) <{S03MO)l(HO c nocne-
AYK>M npeA/lorOM withi> . J don't want vou to stay here
alone, we'd better go along. 0 51 He XO'lY, 'IT06b1 Tbi
OCTaBaJlCSI 3AeCb OAIo1H, HaM 11Y'lwe noliiT\ll BMeCTe.
. My brother went along with her to the cinema. 0 Molii
6paT nowe11 C Hei1 B KIolHO.
go along with (sb/sth) (v adv pr) .
1 ycnewHo npoABlolraTbcSI BnepeA B 'IeM-11. 
<{Continuous}; . Are you going along we/l with your _.
coaching? 0 YcnewHo 11101 npOXOAIo1T TBOSI rpeHloIpoBKa? I
2 pa3r. COnpOBO)l(AaTb 'ITO-11.; SlB11S1TbCSI HeOTbeM11e-
Molii 'IaCTblO 'IerO-11., nplol110>KeHloleM K 'IeMY-11. (0 npe.Q-
MeTax, KOMnneKT}'KJ"'x '" T.T/.. 8 T810Ke 0 n060'lHblX SlB- I
neH"'SlX) . The set of maps goes alOllg with the textbook " I
on history. 0 Y'Ie6HIo1K no Io1CTOplo1101 COnpOBO)l(AaeTCSI
KOMn11eKTOM KapT. . A bout of his asthma o.{ien goes
along with wet wellthel: 0 nplolcryn ero aCTMbI 'IaCTO
B03HIoIKaeT B CblPYIO noroAY. => go with
3 Aei1cTBoBaTb B comacioliol C KeM-11./'IeM-11. . We de-
c:ided to go along with his plan. 0 Mbi pewlo111101 AeliicTBo-
BaTb B COOTBeTCTBlol1ol C ero n11aHOM.
· go along with you (v adv pr) p83r.
1 YXOAIo1Tb npO'lb, y6101paTbCSI ,",,06b1'1HO S nosel1lo1Tel1bHOM
H3K110HeH11Ii1» . I dOll't wallt to see you any more, go

190
',-
along with you! 0 He XO'lY Te6R 6011bwe BIoIAeTb, y6101
pacR BOH!
2 He MO>KeT 6blTb! 6POCb Tbl! (Sblp8JKeH"'e HeOtlo-
6peH"'fI ",n", HetiOBep"'fI) "':06b1OjHO B nOBem"TenbHOM
HaKnOHeHI1I1:i> . Go along with you, J know the tnltlz!
o He roBOploI epYHAbl, R 3HalO npaBAY!  get
along/away with you
go away (v adv)
1 YXOAIoITb; nOKIoIAaTb (KaKoe-n. Mecro) . It wa.f nothing
more to do here and we went away. 0 3Aecb 6b1no
He'lera 60nbwe AenaTb, 101 MbI YWI1Io1. . prov Here the
hare went away. 0 nOCII. KOHeL1, - Aeny BeHeL1,.  go off
2 YXOAIoITb, npeKpalUaTbCR, i'1C'Ie3aTb (0 60n"" 0 flS-
neH"'''' '" T.n.) . I am pretty bored with this rain; will it
go Qway soon? 0 MHe nOpSlAKOM H8Aoen 3TOT AO)j(J),b;
CKOpO OH npeKpaTIoITcR?
go together (v adv)
1 conyrcTBOBaTb APyr APYry (0 pa3Hblx KaL/eCTsax,
3aS"'Cfl"'X lWyr OT lWyra) . Knoivledge and skill do
not often go together. 0 3HaHi'1e 101 YMeHloIe He 'IaCTO
conyrcTBYIOT APyr APyry. => go with
2 nOAXOAi'1Tb, APyr APYry rapMOHloIpOBaTb . Don 't drink
tomato juice after milk, they don't go together. 0 He ne
TOMaTHbl COK nOCl1e MonOKa, OHi'1 He nOAXOART APyr K
APYry.  go with
go with sb/sth (v pr)
1 BCTpe'laTbCR C KeM-I1. . J am afraid my son goes with
the older woman. 060lOCb, 'ITO MO CblH BCTPe'laeTCSI C
>KeHlW1HO, KOTOpaR cmpwe era.

191
2 6b1Tb cocTaBHo '1aCTbIO '1erO-I1., IiIATII'I BMeCTe C
'1eM-I1. . The set o.fmaps goes with the textbook on his-
tory. <> KOMnl1elCT KaPT nplill1araeTCI'I IC Y'le6HIiIKy IiICTO-
plillil. :::> go along with
3 COnYTCTBOBaTb '1eMY-I1., conpoBO>KJJ,aTb '1TO-I1., acco-
W1li1pOBaTbCI'I C '1eM-I1. . Luck often goes with bravery.
<> YA8'1a '1aCTO conyrcTByeT CMeI1OCTIiI. :::> go together
4 nOJJ,XOAIiITb K '1eMY-I1., CO'leTaTbCR, rapMoHlilpoBaTb C
'1eM-I1. . Your hat doesn't go with this scarf <> TBOR
WJ1l'1na He CO'leTaeTCI'I C 3TIiIM wap<!>OM.
grow apart
Iv adv) nOCTeneHHO OTA811I'1TbCI'I (OT Koro-n.), pacxo-
,D,I1TbCl'I (cKeM-n.), OX11a,o,eBaTb (KKoMy-n.) ""'S03MO)l(HOC
nOCneAYIOIUHM npe,t\J10rOM from'» . They used-to be close _
friends; why have they grown apart? <> OHIiI 6b1111i1 6111i13-
KIiIMIiI APY3bI'lMIiI; nO'leMY >Ke OHIiI OTA8JU111Ii1Cb APyr OT
APyra? :::> grow away from
grow away from sb I sth
(v adv pr) nOCTeneHHO TepS1Tb IiIHTepec IC KOMY-I1./
'1eMY-I1.; OTCTpaHS1TbCl'I, OTXOAIiITb OT Koro-I1./'1ero-I1.;
CTaHOBIiITbCR He3aBlilCIiIMbiM OT lCorO-I1./'1ero-l1. . With
age J began to grow away from mathematics and took
a great interest in English language. <> C B03paCTOM 1'1
CTal1 TepS1Tb IiIHTepec K MaTeMaTIiIKe iii YBl1eKCS1
aHrnlilCKIiIM 1'13b1KOM. :::> grow apart
hang together (v adv)
1 Aep>KaTbCS1 BMeCTe; COTPYAHI<I'IaTb, lCooneplilpOBaTb;
nOA,D,ep>KIiIBaTb APyr APyra (AaJKe ecnu He 6b1Tb

192
eAHHOMblwneHHHKaMH) . We'd better hang together
1I0wadays to win all election. 0 HaM 11Y'iWe ,o,ep>KaTb
BMeCTe Ban, ,o,HH. 'iT06b1 BbllilrpaTb Ha Bbl60pax.
 stand together
2 COCTaB11Tb pa3YMHoe CO'ieTaHHe. comacoBblBaTbCSI;.
COOTBeTCTBOBaTb. no,o,xo,o,HTb ,o,pyr MYry . What you
told me yesterday and are telling me now don't hang to-
gether, why? 0 To, 'iTO TbI roBOpH11 MHe B'iepa 101 roo
BOpHWb cerol1H - He CXO,o,HTCR, nO'ieMY?
happen along
 (v adv) pa3r. C11Y'iaj;\Ho nORBHTbCR. B03HHKHyrb . J hap-
, pened along there when they were kissing. 0  cnY'iaj;\HO
IA.- nORBH11CR TaM, Kor,o,a OHH LlenOBanHCb.
_ hold (sb/sth) together
(v adv, v n adv) OCTaB8TbC B e.nHHCTBe; ,o,ep>KaTbCR
BMeCTe; coxpaHRTb 'iTO-n. B Lle110CTHOCTH, B eAl'lHCTBe;
CKpen11RTb'iTO-11. (.lIp}QK6y, 00103 U T.n.) . Love has held
this couple together for many years. 0 Jl1060Bb CKpe-
nWla aTY napy Ha MHoro 11eT. . How can such a strange
couple hold together? 0 KalC TaKaR CTpaHHa napa
MO>KeT OCTaBaTbC BMecTe?
hold with sb I sth (uMeeTCR inv]
(v pr) pa3r: 6b1Tb CTOpOHHHKOM 'ierO-11., O,o,06PRTb'iTO-n.,
comawaTbC C KeM-11'/'ieM-11. 4:'Ial1.\e B OTpl1L18TenbHbI
I1nl1 B BOnpOCI1TenbHblX npeA/lO)I(eHI1S1X . He doesn't hold
with alcohol and never joins liS when we drink it. OOH
He o,o,o6ps1eT cnHpTHoe H HHKor,o,a He npHcoe,o,"'HeTCR
IC HaM, Kor,o,a MbI BblnHBaeM.

193
- withhold
[v] OTKa3bIBaTb, B03,IJ.ep>KI1BaTbCR; YAep>KI1BaTb, OCTa-
HaBnI1BaTb;YManI1BaTb
keep (sb/sb) away
(vadv, v n adv) HaxOAI1TbCR, Aep>KaTbCSl Ha paCCTORHl111
(OT Koro-n./ero-n.), He nOAXOAI1Tb (K KOMy-n./e-
My-n.), 1136eraTb (Koro-n./ero-n.): Aep>KaTb Koro-n.
Ha paCCTORHl1l1, He nOAnYCKaTb KorO-I1. 611113KO (K
KOMY-I1./eMY-I1.) "'B03MO)KHO c nocne.nVICUlHM npeA11oroM
from}> . Keep YOllr dog away, please! 0 ,lJ,ep>KI1Te, nO>Ka-
nycTa, Bawy c06aKY nOA3Jlbwe! . prov An apple a day
keeps the doctor away. 0 no R6noKY B AeHb - 11 060-
AeWbCR 6e3 AOKTOpa (",n",: nocn. llyt< OT ceMI1 HeAyr).
. How many times must I tell you to keep away from my ........J
writing-table? 0 CKonbKo pa3 R AOn>KeH rOBOpl1Tb, _
'fT06b1 Tbi He nOAXOAl1n K MoeMY nl1CbMeHHOMY CTOrry? I
=> stay away
keep (sb/sth) together (vadv, v n adv )
1 He paCXOAI1TbCR, Aep>KaTbCR BMeCTe; He pa36pa-
CblBaTb To-n., Aep>KaTb Koro-n./To-n. B OAHOM MeCTe
. Why don't you keep your toys together? 0 nOeMY TbI
He Aep>KI1Wb CBOl1l1rpYWKI1 BMeCTe? . The boss asks us
to keep together and wait for him. 0 HaanbHI1K npoCI1T
Hac He paCXOAI1TbCR 11 >K)J.aTb ero.
2 AeCTBOeaTb B COrnaCl1l1, rapMOHI1I1; A0611BaTbCR,
cnoc06cTBoBaTb, T06bl KTo-n. AecTBoBan B corl1a-
CI1I1, eAI1HO . Deciding any difficult problem we try to
keep (ollr department) together. 0 Pew8R 11I06ylO TPYA- '
HYIO np0611eMY, Mbi cTapaeMCSI 6b1Tb eAI1HbI (B CBoeM
oTAene).
7 B. r. CTOJUIP

194
lIB
lay 5th aside (v n adv)
1 OTKna,o,blBaTb '!To-n. B CTOpoHY (BeWb, pa60T)' H T.n.) I
. He was tired of writing and laid his 10llg letter aside.
<> OH YCTafl nl;lcaTb 1;1 0TI10>K1;I11 csoe .QJlI;IHHOe nl;lCbMO B
CTOPOHY.  put aside, set aside
2 CHTb C cefi KatcylO-l1, Harpy3tcy. OTBeTCTBe.HHOCTb;
oCB060AI;ITbC OT Yero-n. (OT 6peMeHH, 06R3aHHocTH '"
T. n.) . He COllldn 't lay his debt bllrden aside for a long
time. <> Aonro BpeM OH He Mor OCB060AIo1TbCS1 OT
CBOIo1X AOl1roBbiX Ofi3aTenbCTB.  put off
lay 5th aside I by
(v n adv) Ael1aTb AeHe>KHble c6epe>KeHI;I, OTl<J1a,o,blBaTb
YTO-n. Ha 3anaC, Ha 6YAYLUIo1e HY>KAbi . Ne.'1I:t year YOII '/I
go to England, so try to lay some monfJ" a.<tide every'
month. <>.B cneAYIOLUeM roAY Tbi noeAewb B AHrfllo1lO,
no:noMY cTapaiilc e>KeMeCYHO OTKlla,o,blBaTb nOHeM-
HOry AeHer.  put by .
leave 5th aside
(v n adv) pa3r. He nplo1HI;IMaTb YTO-n. BO BHI;IMaHlo1e, B
paCyeT; He paccMaTpl;lsaTb, He 3aTparl;lBaTb YTO-n.
. No, no. we can't leave aside slich a slighting treat-
ment of swdying on the part of this student. <> HeT, HeT.
Mbi He MO>KeM He YYI;ITbiBaTb TalCorO npeHe6pe>KIiITenb-
HOro OTHoweHI;I :noro CT)'AeHTa K y<1e6e.
live apart
(v adv) >KI;ITb oTAenbHO APyr OT APyra (0 Hepa3Be-
,neHHblX cynp}')KecKHx napax) <{B03MO)l(HO c nocneAYIO-
I11\11M npeA/1oroM from}. . The best way Olltfor lIS is to live

195
apart (from each other). 0 l1wlo1 BblXOA AIlR Hac -
>KI'ITb OTAenbHO (APYr OT APyra).
live with sb/sth (v pr) 
1 >KI'ITb BMeCTe C lCeM-n.; naJj.I'ITb, }')KI'IBaTbCA C KeM-n.
. How could you live with your parents after that?
o KaK >Ke TbI Moma nocne :3Toro >KIo1Tb co CBOI'IMI'I
pOAI'ITenAMI'I?
2 }')KIo1BaTbCA, nplo1MIo1pATbCA C 'ieM-n.; TepneTb, CHO-
CIo1Tb 'iTO-n. <i:06b1'1HO nocne Bblpa>KeH"' have to, must
. We have to live with the fear of tomorrow. 0 HaM
nplo1XOAIo1TCA >KIo1Tb B CTpaxe aa 3aBTpaWHI'I AeHb.
look away
(v adv) OTBOAlo1Tb B3mRA B CTOPOHY (OT Koro-n./'1ero-n.) .......-Ii
«B03MO>KHO c nocneAYIOUl"'M npe,lJ.110rOM from"» . Let's. 
play: who '// first look away from the other's sight?
o AaBa Io1rpaTb: KTO nepBblM OTBeAeT ma3a aT B3mAAS I
APyroro?
make away I off
(v adv) YApaTb, YM'iaTbCA, ynl'l3Hyrb, y6e>KaTb . When
did the children have time to make away? 0 KorAS AeTI'I
ycnenlo1 YAPaTb?
make away I off with sth (v adv pr)
1 pa3AenaTbCA C'ieM-n. (e m'fUe.,); npoMOTaTb, pac-
TpaTI'ITb'iTO-n. (,o.eHbrH, COCTORHue) . When did you
have time to make away with your salary? 0 KorAS TbI
ycnen npOMOTaTb CBOIO aapnnaTY? . Look, how they
are making away with an ice cream! 0 nOCMOTplo1Te, KaIC
OHIII pacnpaBmllOTCSI C MOpO>KeHblM!
I
,
7.

196
2 YKpacTb 'ITO-Il. VI CKpblTbCR . I can't believe that he
could make aKray with your bag. <> He MOry nOBepl'lTb,
'IT06b1 OH Mor yT8utl'lTb B8WY cyMt<y.
make with sth
-
(v pr) esp AmE pa3T". lI.eIl8Tb, 1'13rOTOBIlRTb 'ITO-Il.
(6b1CTpO) '<':'faCTO B nOBel1l'1Tel1bHOM H3K110HeHI<1I<1» . We are
bored, lets make with/unny stories. <> HaM Ct<y'lHO.,na-
BaTe «TpaBI'ITb" aHeK,l\OTbl.
move (sb) along
1 (v adv, v n 8dv) He CKonIlRTbCSI, npOXOll.l'ITb .D.811bWe;
OTroHRTb, orreCHRTb KOrO-Il. nOll.aIlbWe, 3aCTaBJ1RTb
KorO-Il. pa30i1TI'ICb (TOnny, 3eBaK U T.n.) . When \lie
tried to look at the victims a/the crash. the police mm>ed
lIS along. <> Korp,a Mbi nbiTaIll'ICb nOCMOTpeTb Ha )l(epTBbI
ICpyweHI'IR, nOJ1I'1L1I'1R OTorH8Ila Hac. . ",\.love along,"
said the policeman. <> "PaCXOll.I'ITeCb", - CKa38l1 nOIlI'l-
LlecKVlj;1.
2 (v adv) ycnewHo npOll.BVlraTbcR (0 pa6oTe, Y'le6e u
T.n.) . Are YOllr things moving along well? <> Xopowo 1111
npOll.B\IIralOTCR TBOH lI.eIla?
move away
(v adv) OTXOll.HTb, OTKa3b1BaTbCR (OT B3mRJ:jOB, OT
nnaHOB U T.n. I, nepecT8BaTb CIlell.OB8Tb (np"'H"'naM,
y6e)I(JJ.eHuRM'" T.n.) <;{B03MO)l(HO C nOCl1eAYK>llU-IM npeA-
110rolt'! from'" . With the years I started to move away
.from my youtJ!fill principles. <> C rop,aM\II R CTaII OT-
XOll.HTb OT CBOHX IOHoweCKI1X npHHLllllnoB. ::) move to-
ward...

197
pack sth away
(v n adv) ynaKoBbiBaTb, y61i1paTb 'frO-ll. B KOPOCStcy, B
WKa$ iii T.n. (38 HeHBA06HOCTblO) . Tomorrow we'll
move to the new flat. pack your things away. 0 3aBTpa
Mbi nepee3>KaeM Ha HOBYIO ICBsprnpy, 3anat<yi1 CBO""
BeLUI'I. ;) put away
pass sth away
(v n adv) nplilRTHO, CSe33s6OTHO npOBOAl'lTb, TpaTHTb
KaKoi1-11. nepHO.n BpeMeHIiI (Be<iep, H"'. HO<i'" '" T.n.):
3anOllHRTb, 3aHIiIMaTb KaIC0i1-11. neplilo.o. BpeMeHIiI (0
6ecee. "'rpe. pa3Bfle<ieH"'''' ., T.n.) . Next week /'ll
pass the time away at my friend:S- dacha. 0 Clle.o.ylOlUYlO
He.o.elllO R npOBe.o.y Ha ,/J,a'ie Moero .o.pyra. . Listening to 
classical musc passed all evenings away. 0 CllywaHlile _
KJ1aCCIiI'ieCKOIiI MY3b1KIiI 3anOllHRIl0 Bee Be'iepa.
pass away Ion lover I
(v adv) ascP. yiiiTIiI (.,3 )K"'3H"), YMepeTb . I regret to tell
YOIl thai your grandfather has passed away. 0 CO>Ka-
llelO, HO R .o.OI1>KeH ClCa3aTb, 'iTO TBOiii .o.e.o.YWKa YMep.
play (sb) along
1 (v adv) pa3r. C03,/J,aBaTb BIiI,lJ,IiIMOCTb cornaClilR (e KeM-n./
"IeM-n.): nOA/J,aKIilBaTb, nO,ll,blrpblBaTb (KOMy-n./'IeMy-n..
8J/(e. MO)KeT 6b1Tb, He pa3,O,enRR B3rnRIJ.OB, MHeH.,it/ .,
T.n.) <ii(B03MOJKHO C nocneJJ.YIO"'M npeJJ.l10rOM with . He is
above me and I mllst play along with his intentions.
o OH CTapwe no 3BaHlilIO, iii R .o.OIDKeH comawaTbCR C
ero HaMepeHIiIRMIiI.
2 ( v n adv ) YMblwlleHHo 3aCTaBI1S1Tb KorO-ll. )l(.lJ.8Tb

198
I 'lero-n.): BOllMTb 1C0ro-n. 38 HOC . SIIe co1l1il1l 'I IInder-
slalulwlly sl,e didll .'lIItlllage 10 play 111111 aloll.1: 0 OHa
lie Morna nOHRTb. n()tjeMY e He Yll3BaJ1OCb BOllHTb ero
3a HOC.
play with sb/sth (v pr)
1 MrpaTb C ICcM-n./'leM-I1., oepTeTb 'fTO'I1. B pyxax . 1'/1
go SllOppillg alltl WIl plu)' ,,'ith a ball for a ",hile. 0 SI
noy B Mara3MII, 8 Tbi nOK<! nOMrpa C MWlOM
2 lfecepbe3HO, OOCne'lHO BecTM ceOR C KeM'I1./'IeM-n.;
4JnMpTORaTb, 3aMrpt.lBaTb C lCeM-I1. . )(IIt'11 COli/I. 10 a
bt,d elld if \'011 COlllllllli' plu.\'iIlK "ill, IllIS dos:. 0 Tbi
nl1OXO 1C0H'fMWb, ecnH 6Yl1ewb npol1011)K8Tb 3a'rpbl-
BaTb C :JTO co6alCo.
pOp along I around I down I in lover I round
(v advl pa3 HaHecTM KopoTICMM BM3MT, 3af11Rlfytb . I elm
Ihll/klllg of II"l'l'illl. alolll: or IItIIf all 110111' or w 10 see
Ihem. 0 SI nollYMblRaIO 3aCICO'lMTb K !111M npMMcpllO Ha
n0I1'18('MKa, 'fTOObi nOBMJtclTbCR.
pull (sb/sth) apart
1 Iv adv. v n adv) pa3belJ,MHRTbCR, pa3113MblBaTbCR,
pacna..aaTbCR !fa 'IaCTM: p33beI1.MHRTb IlCoro-I1./'I T O-I1.),
pa3118MblBaTb. pa311BI1raTb'lTO-n. . '1rsl }"OU lIIusl pull
II,,- bloc/.; "purr alld l/rell 10 (I\.\t'nrhle il aJ(tIIT1 0 CHao
'Iana Bbi llOl1)1(llbI pa300paTb 3TOT KyOMlC, a 3am...
c06palb ero CIiOBa. . Yew!r Iry It I pull people ap"r, if
11,1.'\' al'< fix/lling. 0 HItKOrl13 tIe nbl raCR pa31tR1b l1.e-
PYMX(,R l1IolleM.
2 (1l..11..SlIDlI f)83r. pa311OCMTb, paCKpl1TMKOBaTb 'fTO'I1. B
nyx M npax . Dlle prU.\1l1ClIl pulled II I' slalllllelll "I/fI'"

.....
199
on television. 0 OJJ.IoIH >KYPHaJ1Io1CT paCKpIllTIilKOSaJ1 ee
3aSl1eHVle no Tel1eSIoIJJ.eHllllO. =:> take apart
pull sth aside
(v n aclv) OTOJJ.SIII.-aTb '1TO-n. S CTOPOHY . Pull the cur-
tain aside. let the light come into the room. 0 OTOJJ.BIIIHb
3aHaBeC, nYCTb cseT npOXOJJ.IIIT B 1C0MHaTY, =:> draw
aside
pull (sb/sth) away
(v adv, ) OTOJJ.SVI.-aTbC, OTbe3JKaTb (oTl(Y.£Ia-n.);
OTOJJ.BIII.-aTb, OTS03V1Tb KO.-O-I1'/'1TO-I1. (OT KBKoro-n.
MecTa) 803MO)KHO c nocneAYIOM npeA11oroM from'»
. Pull (your car) away from here, Jean 't drive my car
back. 0 Orbe3JKaiii (HnH: OTSBJJ.VI CSOIO MawVlHY) OT- wa
CIO,o,a,  He MOry no,o,aTb MaWIilHY H838,/J,. -.,
pull (sb/sth) together
1 (v aclv) JJ.eiiiCTSOB8Tb KalC OJJ.I;\H, 06beJJ.IoIHVlTb YCVlI1V1, I
pa60TaTb CI1IDKeHHO (s T.'I. 0 rpe61V1x) . Only pulling
together we can score big successes. 0 TOl1blCO JJ.eiiiCTSY
cnIDKeHHO, Mbi MO>KeM JJ.06I11TbC 6011bWVlX ycneXOB.
=::> put together
2 (v n adv) cnl1OTIoITb, 06beJJ.VlHVlTb Ko.-o-n./'1TO-I1.
. Nobody could pull our group together so well as my
friend. 0 HViKTO He MO.- 6b1 T8K cn110TIoITb Hawy rpynny,
KpOMe Moero JJ.pyra. . Now pull your reasons together
and you'll guess the right answer. 0 Tenepb 06b8JJ.I;\HIII
CBOIII AOBOJ].blIol Tbi HaiiiJJ.BWb npaSVlnbHbliii OTBeT.
· pull oneself together .
() pa3r. B3HTb CB6 B pyK\II, c06paTbC . When
will you, at last. pull yourself together and stop smok-
I
,

200
ing as you promised us? 0 KorA8 TbI, HaKOHeu, B03b-
MeWb ce6S1 B PYKI1I1 6POCI1Wb KyPTb, teaK 06eUl8ll?
push along
(v adv) pa3r. YXOAI1Tb . He felt that it was time to push
along. 0 OH nO'lYBcTBOB8Jl, 'ITO npl1Wl1a nopa YXOAl1Tb.
push 5b 15th aside
1 () OTT8JlKI1BaTb, OTnI1XI1BaTb Koro-I1./'ITO-I1. B
- CTOPOHY . Don't push this old man aside, he can't an-
swer you the same. 0 He OTT8JlKI1BaH :noro nO>KI1110ro
'Iel10BeKa, OH He MO>KeT Te6e OTBeTI1Tb TeM >Ke.
2 (v n adv) npeHe6peraTb 'IeM-I1.; C'lI1TaTb'lTO-I1. He-
B8>KHblM 111111 He CTOSlLltI1M BHI1MaHI1R, YM8JlRTb 'ITO-I1.
. You oughtn't to push your relalives aside. 0 Tbi He
AOI1>KeH npeHe6per8Tb pOACTBeHHI1KaMI1. =:> brush
aside
-
I
put 5th aside (v n adv)
1 OTK118AblBaTb'lTO-I1. B CTOPOHY (BeLLm, pa60T)' '" T.n.)
. I had to push my book aside because of illness. 0 3-
3a 6011e3HI1 R BbIHY>KAeH 6b111 npepBaTb pa60Ty Ha,Q
KHl1roH. =:> lay aside
2 OTK118AblBaTb 'ITO-I1. npo 3anac . You'd better push
this money aside for a holiday. 0 Te6e 6b1 ny'lwe OT-
110>KI1Tb 3TI1 AeHbrl1 H8 oTnyclC. =:> set aside
3 npeHe!5per8Tb 'IeM-I1.; He 06P8LLt8Tb BHI1M8HI1R Ha
'ITO-I1., He 38Me'l8Tb 'ITO-I1. . I would put her shyness
aside and trust her for this job. 0 51 6b1 He 06pautaJ1
BHI1M8HI1S1 H8 ee 3aCTeH'II1BOCTb 11 .o.oBepl111 6b1 eH 31)'
pa60Ty. =:> set aside

'I
201
put sth away (v n adv)
1 cnpsnaTb, y6paTb 'ITO-n. Ha ero MeCTO (B cran, B
RUJt1K t1 T.n.) . Children. after playing with bricks YOIl
.hould put them away in the box. 0 .Qenl, nocne I1rpbl B
IC)'6I1KI1 y6epl1Te I1X B Kop06KY. ==> be aK,"y, pack away
2 OTK1l3,D,blBaTb onpeAeneHHYIO cyMMY AeHer AIlSi c6e-
pe)l(eHI1S1, BK1l3,D,bIBaTb AeHbrl1 . Have )'ou put some
money away for your holiday? 0 TbI OTnO)l(l1n HeMHoro
AeHer Ha omycK? ==> put by
3 P8sr. ynneTaTb nl1U4Y, Bblnl1BaTb )I(!1AKOCTb B OAIIIH
nplllceCT B 60nbwoM KOnlll'leCTBe . He surprised me
hal'ing put it all away. 0 OH YAIIIBllln MeHSI, cnonaB Bce
B OAI1H npl1cecT.
put sb I sth together (v n adv) 
1 c06paTb, COeAIIIHl1Tb KaKllle-n. 'IaCTIll BMeCTe . First ---,
you must take this block to pieces and then to put them I
together. 0 CHa'iana Bbl AOn)l(HbI pa306paTb 3TOT KY6111K
Ha 'IaCTIII, a 3aTeM co6paTb I1X CHOBa B KY6I1K. ==> take
apan
2 CBOMTb'ITO-l1. BoeAIIIHO, 06beMHSlTbKoro-11./'iTO-n.;
co611paTb KOrO-l1.j'lTO-n. B eAI1HOe ue1l0e . Only put-
ting our efforts together we can score big successes.
o TonbKO 06beAIIIHillB HaWIll YClIIlllolSl, Mbl MO)l(eM AO-
6..,TbCSI 60nbWIoIx ycnexoB. ==> pull together
rank (sb I sth) with sb/sth
(v pr, v n pr) = rank among/with
roll away
Iv adv) IoIC'Ie3aTb, paCCeIolBaTbCSI, y6b1BaTb . I think the

202
fog will roll away in an hOllr. 0 JJ,YMalO, 'jTO TYMaH npo-
nMeT 'jepes 'jac.
run (sb) along
1 (v n adv) esp arE nOIJ,BeSnI, nOlJ,6pOCKTb 1C0ro-n. Ha
MaW"'He . COlild YOII, please, run my son along as far
as the metro station? 0 Bbi Morn", 6bl nOIJ,BeSTliI Moero
CblHa TonbKO no CTaHlII.11ot MeTpo?
2 (v adv) yeS>KaTb, YXOIJ,I-ITb; ",o,aBa OTCIO,o,a" ('jBe B
o6pauceH/II/II K ,QeTRM) "''IaCTO e noeem.1Tel1bHOM HaKl10HB-
HIU.'}> .llold YOII severa/times, rim along,l can't speak
10 YOII nOl\l. 0 51 roBop",n Te6e HeCKonbKO pas, YXOlJ,l1
OTCIO,o,a, SI He Mory rOBOplotTb C T06o ce'Iac.
run away (v adv) [/IIMeeTeR n)
 1 ylJ,"'paTb, y6eraTb (OTKYJ1B-n.) "'e03MO)KHO C nOCl1e.nylO-
r- LWlM npeJl110rOM from}> . He'll run away from his house
all the same. 0 OH Bce paBHO y6e>KI'IT 1'13 nOMa.
D runaway
[n] 6erne; no6er ('IBuce )/(eH/IIXB C HesecTOti) . How
many runaways have we got today? 0 CKonbKO 6erne-
OB y Hac cerolJ,HSI?
2 YXOIJ,I'ITb (OT 'Iero-n.), Iot36eraTb ('Iero-n.) (OT TPYk
HocTew, (/Janoa, OT Henp/IIRTHOro 'IenOaeKB /II T.n.)
<e03MO)l(HO C nocl1eJlylOLWlM npeJl110rOM from}> . Why are
you running away from your father? He wants onv
good thing.f for you. 0 nO'jeMY Tbl "'36eraeWb CBoero
OTllCl? OH XO'jeT Te6e TOllbKO xopowero.
run away with sb/sth (v adv pr) [/IIMeeTeR n]
1 OlJ,ep>KaTb llerlC}'lO no6elJ,y, 3aBOeBaTb nplot3 . Did
they run away with the prize when playing the last

203
match? 0 OHI'I I1erlCO B3S1I11'1 npJol3, Kor,p,a I'IrpaJ\I'I no-
ClleAHJoI Mar'l?
D runaway
(n] I1erK8S1 n06e,p,a . This is a runaway prize from the
last match. 0 STO - I1en<o A06b1Tbl npJol3 C npOWI1oro
1,181''18.
2 BbITI'I 1'13-nOA '1bero-11. ICOHTpOI1S1, 1'13MeHI'ITb KOMY-Jl.
IOYBcTBax, 3MOUf/)(, xapaKTepe U T.n.) . His usual re-
straint ran away with him and he started shouting at his
claughtel: 0 Ero 06b1'1HaSl CAep)l(aHHOCTb JoI3MeHI'IJla
eMY, 1'1 OH Ha'laJ\lCpJol'laTb Ha AO'lb.
3 nOTpe6I1S1Tb, Cbe,p,aTb 6011bwoe KOJlI'I'leCTeO 'Iero-11.
(.QeHer, 3Hepruuu T.n.). Everyday's ironing runs away
with a lot of electricity. 0 EJKeAHeeHoe rn3>KeHbe Cbe-
MeT MHoro ::)JleKTp03HeprJolI'I.  use up
run (5th) together
Iv adv, v n adv) CMewaTbCSI, CI11'1BaTbCSl; CMeWaTb,
cnYTaTb '11'0"11. (cnosa, KpaCKU, 3SYK'" '" T.n.) . I can't
I/"der.ftand you because you are running two languages
together. 0 s:I He MOry Te6S1 nOHSlTb, nOTOMY 'ITO TbI
CMeWl'leaeWb ABa Sl3b1Ka. . These beautifill sou"ds had
run together and we could hear aforest concert. 0 STJoI
npeKpacHble 3BYICiol CMeWanl'lCb, 101 Mbl YC11b1WaJ\JoI 11ec-
HO KOHepT.
set sb 15th apart
1 Iv n adv) pa3MeWSTb, paCCTaHaeJlIo1BaTb, Aep>ICaTb
KOro-11./'ITO-11. OTAe11bHO "'B03MO>KHO C nOCJ1eAYJOM
npeA/1orm.. from'» . I think we '1/ set these two groups
apart from the olhers. 0 ,QYMalO, 31'101 ABe rpynnbl MbI
pa3MeCTJoIM OTAeJlbHO 01' OCTanbHblX.


204
2 (v n adv) OTKJla,QblBaTb 'frO-Jl. npo aanac, COXpaHRTb
'JTO-Jl. Ha 6YAyee; npeAHa3Ha'JaTb 'JTQ-Jl. AIlS! onpe-
AeJleHHblX eJlei1 ..;{e03MO)l(HO c nOCl1e.QytOM npe.l\l10rOM
for» . J '/1 have to sel all September aparl for correcting
my book. 0 MHe npl;!AeTCS! OCTaBI;!Tb BeCb ceHTSl6pb H3
npoBepKY Moei1 KHl;!rl;!.
3 (Jl....D.....a!:) C'III\TaTb KOrO-Jl. Omll\'IHblM (aT AOyn1x);
BbIAeJlS!Tb, OTnI;!'IaTb 1C0rO-Jl. (OT tWyrux) ..;{e03MO)l(HO C
nOCl1e.o.ytOM npe,!\.llOrOM from.... . We couldn 'I guess why
they set her apart (from the others). 0 Mbi He MO)l(eM
Aora,QaTbCS!, nO'leMY OHI;! BblAeJlS!IOT ee OT OCTanbHblX.
set sth aside (v n adv)
1 omO)l(!1Tb 'JTO-Jl. B CTOPOHY (npeJJ.MeTbI, 3860TbI,
pat50ry u r:n.) . Could you !iet YOllr homework aside
and go out? 0 Tbl Mor Obi OmO)l(l;!Tb CBOIO AOMaWHlO1O
pa(01)' I;! Bbli1T\o'I? :=) lay aside, put aside
2 nepeCTBTb }"III\TblBaTb 'ITO-Jl. BpeMeHHO; npeHe6pe-
raTb 'IeM-Jl., oropacblBaTb 'JTO-Jl. (HB BpeMSI) . They
IIsed to sel his shortcomings aside and now he has be-
come intolerable person. 0 OHI;! paHbwe npeHe6peranll
erc He.a.OCTaTKaMI;!, 11\ Tenepb OH CTan HeCHOCHbiM 'Ie-
JlOBeKOM. :=) put aside
3 OTKJlB,D,blBaTb 'ITO- Jl. npo 3anac; BblAeJlS!Tb, OTBOAIfTb,
npeAHa3Ha'JaTb'lTO-Jl. (JJ.nSl Koro-n./'1ero-n.) <e031>40)O(-
HO c 1l0cne.o.YIOM npe,!\.llOrOM for;' . Let s set a part of
ollr production aside for IIse later. 0 JJ.aBaTe OmO)l(lIM
'JaCTb Hawei1 npOAYKII\I;!. 'JT06b1 II\CnOJlb30BaTb ee
n03)1(e. . We set this bedroom aside for both of YOI/.
o Mbi OTBeJlI;! 3T)' cnanbHIO AIlS! BBC o60l;!x.

....
205
stand apart
(vadv) HaxOAWTbCS!, Aep>KaTbCS! B CTOpOHe (OT Koro-n.j
'1ero-n.), '1ypaTbcSI (lCorO-ll./'ierO-ll_) «(B03MOJKHO C
nOCl1e.llytOM npe.Ql1oroM from'» . I can '( tolerate your
wife's standing apart from me. 0 s:I He MOry CMWplo1TbCSI
C TeM, '1TO TBOS! >KeHa '1ypaeTCS! MeHSI. => stand out
stand aside (v adv)
1 OTOj;;TW B CTOPOHY «(OojacTo B nOBBllHTel1bHOM Ha-
KlTOHeHI1I1» . I asked him to stand aside (0 give the way
for a car. 0 s:I nonpocwll ero OTOj;;m B CTOPOHY, 'iT06bl
o,aTb AOpory MaWWHe. => stand out
20cTaBaTbcSI, HaxOAIo1TbCSI, 6blTb B cTopoHe (OT Ka-
KVlx-n. C06b1TUfr, 3aHflTufr u r.n.) . He doesn't stand
aside if somebody offends his brother. 0 OH He OCTaeTCSI _
B CTopOHe, ecnw KTO-TO 06W>KaeT ero 6paTa.
stand together I
(v adv) CTOSlTb 60K 0 60IC, nlle'iOM IC nne'/y (e npfiMOM U .
nepeHOCHOM CMblcne); cnnOTIo1TbCS!, 06beAWHIo1TbCSI I
. We'd better stand together nowadays to win an e1ec-
lion. 0 HaM nY'iwe 06beAI1HWTbCS! B 3TW AHW, 'iTo6b1 I
BblwrpaTb Ha Bbl60pax. => hang together
stand with sb
(v.pr) (I1MeeTes! inv] cxpl1. BocnpWHWMaTbCSI KeM-n.,
BblrJlS!AeTb AIlSl Koro-n., 6b1Tb Ha xopoweM C'iery Y
KOro-ll., 6b1Tb B xopowwx OTHoweHIo1S1X C lCeM-n. . I'd
like to know how well I stand with people. 0 MHe 6b1
XOTenOCb 3HaTb, xopowo nlo111IOAIil OTHOCJITCSI KO MHe.
- withstand
(v] YCTOSlTb, BblAep>KaTb, BbIC.TOSlTb

206
stay away (v adv)
1 oTcyrcTBoBaTb, HaXOATbCR Ha paCCTORH (OT KO-
ro-n.j'iero-n.); He nOAXOATb (K KOMy-n.j'ieMy-n.)
..;(B03MO)l(HO C nocl1eAYIOUij;lM npeAl10rOM from';> . Why are
YOIl here? I asked YOIl to stay away from us. 0 nO'ieMY
TbI 3AeCb? 51 )l(e npOCJl Te6R He nOAXOATb IC HaM. :::)
keep away
2 36eraTb KOHTaKTa (e KeM-n.j'ieM-n.). CTOPOHTbCSl
(Koro-n.j'iero-n.) «B03MO)l(HO C nOCl1eAY1OUIM npeAl1orold
from'i> . He knew all her shortcomings and then;.fore he
stayed away from her. () OH 3Hart Bce ee HeAOCTaTK ..,
n03TOMY CTOpOHJlCR ee. ::::) keep off
stay with sb (v pr)
1 OCTaHaBJlBaTbCR y Koro-n., !5b1Tb '1bM-Jl. rocTeM
. Who did !'Oll stay with when YOIl were in Moscow! () y
Koro Bb! pCTaHaBJlBaJlCb, KorAa !5b1Jl B MoclCBe?
2 paar. npOAOJl)l(aTb TepneJlBO cl1ywaTb 1C0ro-n.
. Everybody went Ollt allli on()' my girlfriend stayed
with me trying to IInderstand my idea. () Bce BblWI1. ..,
TOl1bKO MOR AeBYWKa OCTartaCb BblCJlywaTb MeHR, CTa-
paRCb nOHRTb MOIO MblCJlb.
take sb I sth apart (v n adv )
1 pa36paTb '1TO-I1. Ha '1aCT, AeMoHTpoBaTb '1TO-n.
. To fix the bicyc:le )'01/'11 have to talre it apart. () '-IT06b1
nO'lHTb Be110CneA, Te6e npJleTCR pa306paTb erc
Ha '1aCT. ::::) put together
2 paar. HaHeCT KOMy-n. nOllHoe pa3rpoMHoe nopa-
)l(eHe; pa3HeCT, paCKpTI1KOBaTb KOrO-Jl./'iTO-ll. B
nyx  npax; CTpOro HaKa3aTb KorO-I1. . The new!!.paper

207
asked me to take this film apart. 0 ra3eTa nOnpOCIo'l11B
MeH paCKplo1TIo1KOBaTb STOT <t>10111bM. . Ollr team has
toke" the champion apart. 0 Hawa KOMaHA8 HaHeClla
y6eD,I1TellbHoe nopIDKeHlo1e OJeMnIo10HY. :::) pull apart
take sb aside
() OTBOD,Io1Tb KOro-ll. B CTOPOHY (e enblO no-
roBOpUTb HaeJ1UHe) . When the lesson was over. she
took me aside and asked my ae/vice. 0 KorA8 YPOIC 3a-
KOHOJIo111C, OHa OTBella MeH B CTOPOHY 101 nonpOClo1l1a
Moero COBeTa. :::) draw aside
take sb I sth away (v n adv)
1 y6101paTb, 386lo1paTb ICOro-I1./OJTO-ll. (OTKYJ1a-n.) <0(803-
MOJKHO C nocl1e.llYlOll\MM npe.lll1oroM from"» . Take this dog
aK'tl}', otherwise it'll bite some of liS. 0 3a6eplo1Te STY _
co6atcy (OTCIOA8), Io1HaOJe OHa notcycaeT KorO-HIo16YD,b 1013 I
Hac. :::) get away
2 CHTb. npeKpaTIo1Tb OJTO-ll. (6onb, H8npfl)KeHUe, He-
npUflTHble oUlYUleHufI U r.n.): OTBlleOJb, npIo1Bl1eOJb'lbe-ll.
BHIo1MaHlo1e . My bad mood was taken away by his joke.
o Moe nlloxoe HacTpoeHlo1e Io1C'1e3110 nOClle ero WyrKIo1.
3 MBTeM. Bbl'lIo1TaTb, OTHIo1MaTb K8KOe-l1. OJIo1C1l0 <O(B03-
MOJKHO C nocl1e.llYlOIl\MM npe.lll1oroM from'» . It's very' easy
to do. just take this nllmbe,. away from that, that's all.
o 3TO O'leHb npoCTO CD,ellaTb, TOllbKO OTHIo1MIoI 3TO 'IIo1C-
110 OT Toro, BOT 101 Bce.
I
,.
I
take sth away lout
(v n adv) [HMeeTCJ1 n] 3a6101paTb K8tcylO-ll. rOTOBYIO nlo1WY
1013 peCTopaHa 10111101 Mara3101Ha (.l1II J10M8WHero
ynoTpe6neHUfI) . Take this meal away and ha'e a nice

208
breakfilSl al home! 0 B03bMioITe Hawe 6nlOAo, ioI )KenaeM
BaM nplitslTHOro 3aBTpaKa AOMa!
D take-away
[n] . WOllldyoll show me the nearest lake-away, please?
o nOKIDKIiITe MHe, nO)Kanyi:1cTa, 6nlil)Kai:1wioli:1 peCTOpaH,
rAe MO)KHO B3f1Tb niolUlY AOMOi:1.
tell sb I sth apart
(!l.Ili!Qy) 6b1Tb cnoco6HblM OTnIil'iaTb, pa3ll1il'iaTb Koro-Tl.j
'iTO-n. (113 ,lIBYX nO,l106HblX) . In new regions YOII can
hard(v teillhe hOllses apart. 0 B HOBblX pai:1oHax eABa n
HaHAewb pa3HIiIUY Me>KAY AOMaMioI. => tell from
throw sth away (v n adv) [I-IMeeTCSI n]
1 nepeCTaBaTb n0J1b30BaTbCfI 'ieM-n., 1i130aBJ1f1TbCfI OT
'iero-n.. Throw YOlirworn-oUI shoes away. isn 'I il time
for Ihat? 0 Bbl6poCb CBOiol ioI3HoweHHble 60TioIHKIiI, He
nopa niol?
D throw..away
[n] HeHY'KHafi BeUlb . Wh.v do YOII collect throw-aways?
o 3a'ieM TbI co61i1paeWb Bbl6poweHHoe?
2 ynycTIiITb waHC ioIJ11i1 B03MO)KHOCTb CAenaTb 'iTO-n. . Is
he afool to throwaway such an intereslingjob? 0 OH,
'iTO, AypaK, ynycTIiITb TaKYIO IiIHTepeCHYIO pa6ory?
=> give away
throw oneself I sth away on sb I sth
(v n adv pr) HanpaCHO, nonycry, P8Alil1C0ro-n./'iero-n.
paCTpa'iiolBaTb 'iTO-n. (,lIeHbnf, Kapbepy, )/(1-I3Hb. 3.QO-
pOBbe 1-1 r.n.) . He throws all the evenings away on
cards. 0 OH TpaTioIT Bee Be'iepa Ha IiIrpy B KapTbI. . I
have warned YO/l - don't throw YOllr .,,-oung years aWII)'

209
on this actress.. <> 51 npe,D,ynpeA\-1na Te6S1 - He TJ)aTb
CBOIO MOnO,D,OCTb Ha 3ry alCTpMCY.
throw sb I sth together
1 (v n adv) HaCKOpo c06MpaTb '1TO-n. (HrpYWKH, BeH tf
T.n.) . Don't throw your toys together, put them in the
proper order. <> He CBanMBa CBOM MrpywKM B t<:oJ'Iy,
CKn8AblBa MX B npaBMnbHoM nopSl,!I,Ke.
2 (v n adv) HaclCOpo HaCTpO'lMTb, COCTpSlnaTb, CBap-
raHI1Tb'lTO-n. (ntfCbMO, p,OM8WHee 3ap,aHtfe, Tpane3Y,
Be'leptfHKY If T.n.) . Wait for me only to throw a letter
together and we '/I go for a walk. <> nO,D,O*AM, SI TonblCO
HaCTpO'lY nMCbMO, iii Mbi nO,D,eM ryl1S1Tb.
3 (Y..!l..1illY) CBO,D,I1Tb lCoro-n. BMecre, COeA\-1HSlTb Koro-n.
(06b1'1HO nlop,eil) . Listening to mu.ic threw us togeth- 
er. <> Hac coe,D,MHlilna MY3b1Ka. _
turn (sb) away 
1 (v n adv) He nYCKaTb Koro-n., He A3B3Tb 1C0My-n. I
BOn1: 33CTaBI1Tb 1C0ro-n. YTI1 (OT KSKoro-n. MeeTS) I
"'B03MO)l(HQ C nOCl1e,/J,YIOIWIM npe,/J,l10rOM from" . Don't
worry, we '/I turn tho.e drunk young people away from
our concert hall. <> He 6ecnoKoTecb, Mbi He nyCTMM Tex
nbSlHblX MonOAbiX nlO,D,e B Haw KOHuepTHbI 33J1.
2 (v adv, v n adv) oTBepHyrbCSI (OT Koro-n.j'lero-n.; 8
npRMOM If nepeHOCHoM CMblcne); nOBepHyTb, OTKI10-
Hl1Tb Koro-n./'1TO-n. (B npRMOM tf nepeHOCHOM CMbI-
cne) "'B03MO)l(HO C nOCl1eAYK>IWIM npe,/J,llOrOM from" . Turn
your head away. or the dust will come to your eyes.
<> nOBepHI1 r0110BY, 3 TO nbll1b nona,aeT Te6e B ma33.
. {( he is in trouble, don't turn away from him. <> Ecnl1
OH B 6eAe. He OCTaBl1S1 ero.

210
wash (8th) away
1 (vadv, v n adv) pa3MblBaTbCR, CMblBaTbCR (BO,QOH);
CMblBaTb, CHOC"'Tb, p83MblBaTb '1TO-Jl. (BO.$lHblM HnH
/J.P. nOTOKOM) . You won't be able to go across that
bridge, it has washed away (or: ...bridge. the river has
washed it away). 0 Bbi He CMO>keTe nepen1 '1epe3 TOT
MOCT, ero CMbl110 (peKO). . prov Salt water and ab-
sence wash away love. 0 nocno C ma3 AOJlO - 113
cepAL\.8 BOH.
2 (v n adv) CMblTb n030p, I1cKYnl1Tb BIo1HY, nOICOH'I"'Tb C
npOWl1b1M, 336b1Tb Henplo1RTHOCTIo1 '" T.n. . I came to YOII
to wash away my sin. 0 51 np",wel1 IC MM, '1T06b1 CHRTb
rpex co cBoeH AYWIo1.
 wear (8th) away
1 (v adv, v n adv) cnlpaTbCA, Io1CCAKaTb, "'c<te3aTb;
c-rnpaTb, YMeHbwaTb '1TO-Jl. . Time and people 11Uly
wear ancient monuments away to such an extent that
you '/I never restore them. 0 BpeMR 101 111OAI'I MOryr
pa3pyw"'Tb ApeBHlo1e naMRTHIo1IC'" AO TalCo CTeneH.."
'ITO Bbi H..,KorAS ",x He BOCCTaHOB"'Te. . These ancielll
monuments, as you can see, have worn away with the
passage of time. 0 ST.., APeBH..,e naMRTH..,KIo1, KaK Bbi
MO>KeTe B"'AeTb, ..,c<te33IOT C Te'leH..,eM BpeMeH"'. <<:Cp.
c npe.QblAY\l\I'IM np..,MepoM» . prov Drop by drop wears
away the stone. 0 nocno TepneH",e.., TPYA Bce nepeTpyr.
=> eat away
2 (v adv) A11..,TbCR, TAHyrbCA (0 BpeMeHH, 0 nepHO,Qe
'1ero-R.) . That evening, when I was waiting for her.
wore away very slowly. 0 TOT Be'lep, KorAS A *AM ee.
TRHYl1CR O'leHb MeA11eHHO. => go by, wear on

8
among between by
PA31IEJI
TEMATMKA cS»PA30BblX rnArOnOB:
ABM)I(BHME! MHMO. Me>I<AY: nOCTOAHCTBO. BepHOCTb: Y'IacTMe. CO}"lac-
TMe:npenATCTBOoaHMe;o6ocHOoaHMe;Y'IHTBaHHe,nPMcoeAMHeHHe;
noceUleHHe
brush by sb
(v pr).npowMblrHYfb, npOCKOnb3HyTb MIo1MO Koro-n. tIt
was very' difficult to brush by her quietly and unnotedly. _
o 6b1no O'leHb TPYAHO npOCKOnb3HyTb MIo1MO Hee TIo1XO 101 
He3aMeTHO.
call (sb) by (sb/sth)
1 (v n pr) Ha3b1BaTb Koro-n. no Io1MeHIo1 t What a strange
name you call him by! 0 KaKIo1M CTpaHHblM Io1MeHeM TbI
ero Ha3b1Baewb!
2 (v adv) pa3r. 3aXOAIo1Tb (HeHa.Qonro), 3arllSlAblBaTb
. You didn't even call by. when you were in our town.
o TbI AIDKe He 3arnRHyn. KorACI 6b1n B HaweM ropoAe.
come between sb
I

(v pr) BMeWIo1BaTbCR B 'lb101-n. Aena, nbiTaTbCSI pa3bE!-
AHHIo1Tb, pa3BeCHI Koro-n., CTaHOBHTbCSI Me*AY lCeM-n.

212
I
I

lEI
(8 npflMOM H nepeHOCHOM cMblcne) . Nobody asked
you to come between me and my wife. <> HIilKTO He
npOC1il1l Te6S1 BMeWIilBaTbCSI B MOIII OTHoweHIi1S1 C )l(eHO.
=> get between
come by (sth)
1 (v adv) npOe3JKaTb, npOXOAIIITb MIilMO . Why didn't
you notice me coming by? <> nO'IeMY Tbi He 3aMeTIll11, leaK
SI npoxOAWla MIIIMO?  get by
2 (v pr) nplll06peTaTb, nOIlY'laTb '1TO-11. (no cny<4a1o Hnu
nocne onpe,o.enel:lHbIX YCHnHI1) . Where did you come
by this black eye? <> rAe Tbl nOJ1Y'lllll1 3TOT CIIIHSlK nOA
ma30M? . At last J came by the new record I was look-
ing /01: <> HaKoHel..\-To SI nplll06pell HOBYIO 3anlllCb,
ICOTOPYIO IIICKaIl. . prov The best things are worst to
come by. <> nocno llY'Iwee - Bpar xopowero.
3 (v adv, v pr) 3aCKO'Ill/Tb, 3a6e)l(aTb, 3aTIII (KYAa-Il.)
HeHClAonro . Will you have time to come by (my office)
today? <> Y Te6S1 HaAeTcSI BpeMSl3aTIII cerOAHSI (B MO
O<l>IIIC)?  drop by
count (sb) among sb/sth
(v pr, v n pr) Bt.1AeTb, C'IIilTaTb, CTaBIIITb KOrO-Il./'iTO-Il.
KeM-Il'/'1eM-11., B PSiAY C KeM-11./'1eM-11.; C'IIilTaTbCSI, Ha-
3b1BaTbCSI lCeM-11'/'1eM-11. . J don't think his piece can
count among classical music. <> He AYMalO, '1TO era nbe-
ca MO)l(eT C'It.1TaTbCSl KIlaCCIII'IeCKOiil MY3bIKO. . Why do
you count him among your ril'als? <> nO'IeMY Tbl C'IIII-
TaeWb ero CBOIilM conepHIilKoM?
drop by
(v adv) pa3r. 3arnSlHyrb B roCTIil ('1BUJe 6e3 npep.ynpe)/(-

213
JJ.eHHR) . We'll have to wait for him, he can drop by any
time. 0 HaM np...,D.eTCS'I >K,AaTb ero, OH MO>KeT 3arI1S'1HyTb S
III060e speMR.
get between sb
(v pr) SMeWI<1SaTbCR S %1<1-11. ,D.ella; nbiTaTbCS'I pa3be-
,D.I<1H"'Tb, pa3eeCT... 1C0rO-II.; CTaHoe...TbCSl Me*.D.Y lCeM-II.
(B npRMOM /if nepeHOCHOM cMblcne) . As usual he got
between fighting people and broke his finger. 0 OH. KaK
06b1'1HO, SSS'l3aIlCS'I S ,o,paKY ... CllOMan ce6e nane14.
 come between
get by (v adv)
1 npoxO,D....Tb. npoe3)«aTb M"'MO . We had to nwve away
from the road to let a car get by. 0 HaM npl-fWll0Cb COMT'"
C ,D.oporl<1, '1T06b1 ,o,aTb MaWI<1He npoexaTb.  come by
2 pa3r. npoMT'" (3K38MeHbI, KOM/ifCC/if1O /if T.n.). SblMT... ...3
TpY,D.HOrO nOIlO>KeH...S'I, npOCKO'l"'Tb, npO,D.ep>KaTbCS'I .
. This is such a pushflll person. he '/l get by everywhere.
o aTO TaKOM npOHblpa, OH se3,lJ,e npoCKO'l"'T.  get I
along
3 C'l1<1T8TbCA npl<1eMlleMbiM. COMT'" (0 pe3ynbT8Tax, 0
p860Te /if T. n.) . Your home composition can hardly get I
by. 0 Tsoe J10MaWHee CO'l...HeHl<1e SPAJ1I1... nOTAHeT Ha
Tpoe'lKY.
go between sb / sth (v adv) [/ifMeeTCR nJ
1 KYpc...posaTb Me*.D.Y KaKI<1M"'-II. nYHKTaM'" (ropo-
JJ.8M/if, CT{J8H8M/if /if T.n.) <i(06b1'1HO SImple Tenses;' . This
bus goes between Moscow and Tver. 0 STOT aST06yc
KYpCI<1PyeT Me*.D.Y MOCKSOM 1<1 TsepblO.

214

.
2 6b1Tb nOCpeAHl-1lCOM, CBSl3YIOI-1M 3BeHOM Me>K.QY
KeM-ll'/'IeM-ll. . You '1/ have to go between the two ar-
guing sides. 0 Te6e npl-1AeTCSI BblcTYnl-1Tb nOCpeAHI-1KOM
Me>K.Qy AB}'MSI CnOpSlI-1M" cTOpOHaMI-1.
ego-between
[n] nOCpeAHI-1K; CBSl3HOiil; CBOAHI-1IC . I have made it a
principle never to be a go-between. 0 fI B3S1Jl ce6e 3a
npaBl-1nO He CTaHOB"TbCSI nOCpeJl,HI-1KOM.
go by (sb/sth) IHMeeTCRnH inv]
1 (v adv, v pr) npoxoAffib, npOe3JKaTb M"MO, OKOJlO
(Koro-ll./'Iero-ll.) . A car went by (me) fast and
.plashed aI/ over my suit with mud. 0 MaWI-1Ha npoe-
xana 6b1CTPO MI-1MO (MeHSI) 1-1 06Aa11a BeCb Moiil KOCTIOM
rpSl3blO.
2 (v adv) npOTeKaTb, npOlleTaTb (0 BpeMeHH, IlHflX H
T.n.) . That day when I waitedfor her leller went by ag-
onizingly long. 0 TOT AeHb, 1C0r.na SI >K.QaJl ee n"CbMa,
TSlHyncSl MY'lffienbHo AOllro. => wear away
- bygone
[n] (bygones) npownoe, nepe>K"TOe
[adj] npowllbliil, nepeJKI-1Tbliil
3 (v adv) He 6b1Tb "CnOnb30BaHHbIM; 6b1Tb ynyeHHbtM;
npoiilTI-1 MI-IMO (0 waHce, 0 B03MOJKHOCTH H T.n.) . Don't
let any opening go by. 0 He ynycKaiil H"Kor.na YA06Horo
cny'laSl.
ego-by
[n] pa3r. I-1rHOpl-1pOBaHl-1e, npeHe6peJKeHI-1e <l:McnOl1b-
3yeTcR TOl1bKO B BblpaJKeHHH give sb the go-by» . I didn't
expect her to give me the go-by. 0 fI He OJKI-1Aa11, 'ITO OHa
npeHe6peJKeT MHOIO.

215
4 (v pr) Aej;fcTBoBaTb B COOTBeTCTBIU1 C 'IeM-n.; PYKO-
BOACTBOBaTbCSI 'IeM-n.; CYAl'lTb, $OpMlllpOBaTb CBoe
MHeHllle, IIICXOAR 1113 'Iero-n. .1 went by his advice but
di(ln 't manage to win. 0 51 Aej;fcTBoBan no ero COBe1Y,
HO He CMor BbllllrpaTb. . If to go by what you told us
there is nobody to blame for the accident. 0 Eenlll CYAIIITb
no TOMY, 'ITO TbI HaM paCCKa3a11, TO BblXOAl'lT. 'ITO He-
t<oro BIIIHIIITb 3a aBaplillO.
· go by the book
(v pr) pa3r. CneAOBaTb 6YKBe aaKOHa; Aej;fCTBOBaTb
cTpOro no npaBlilnaM, Kat< OlOpOKpaT . I couldn't per-
suade him out of that because he tried to go by the book.
o 51 He Mor OTrOBOplllTb ero OT 3Toro, TaK KaK OH
CTapancSI CTporo cneAOBaTb np8BlllnaM.
know sb I sth by sth
(v n pr) Y3HaBaTb Koro-n./'fl"o-n. no KaICIIIM-n. np1ll3H8-
KaM . You can trust me to find him, J know him by sight. .
o BbI MO)l(eTe AOBeplllTb MHe Hai.1TI-I ero, SI 3H81O ero B
nlllo. . prov A tree is known by its fruit. 0 nocno JJ,epeBo
CMOTpl-l B nnoA8X, 8 'IenOBeKa - B Aenax.
lay sth by
(v n adv) = laya.<iide/by
learn by sth
(v pr) Y'lI-lTbCSI Ha 'IeM-n. . You should learn by your
brother's example. 0 TbI AOn)l(eH Y"I-ITbCSI Ha nplilMepe
CBoero 6paTa. .
live by sth (v pr)
1 )l(I-ITb Ha cpeAcTBa OT '1ero-n., OT KalCoro-n. 3aHSlTI-ISI

216
. This summer /'11 try to live by selling newspapers,
o 3THM l1eTOM R nOCTapalOCb npO)l(HTb Ha CpenCTBa OT
npOA8)1(H ra3eT.
2 )l(HTb 'IeM-l1., HaxOAmb B 'IeM-l1. CMblCl1 )l(H3HH . He
lives by a dream to become a pilot. 0 OH )l(HBeT Me'lTO
CTaTb l1eT'tHKOM. . prov Man does not live by bread
alone. 0 nocno He XJle60M eAHHblM )l(HB 'Ie110BelC,
EI
pass between sb
(v pr) npOH30TliI Me>KAY KeM-l1.; np03BY'IaTb B I.jbeM-l1.
pa3roBope (0 cnOB8X H r.n.); 6blTb HanHcaHHblMH APyr
IJPyry (0 nHcbMax) . Looking at you I can come to con-
clusion that something has passed between you and
your wife. 0 rl1RAR Ha Te6R, R MOry 3aKJ1IO'IHTb, 'ITO I.jTO-
TO npOH30Wl10 Me>KAY T060" H TBoe" )l(eHo".
pass (sb/sth) by (sb/sth) [HMeeTCRnH inv)
1 (v adv, v pr) npoxoAHTb, npOe3>KaTb MHMO (lCorO-l1.!
'Iero-l1.) . You passed by (me) and didn't recognize your
friend. 0 Tbi npowel1 MHMO (MeHR) H He Y3Hal1 cBoero
APyra.
D passer-by (pI passers-by)
[n] npOXO)l(H, npOe3)1(H . I had to stop a passer-by
and to ask him the way to the railway station. 0 MHe
npH.W110Cb OCTaHOBHTb npoxo)l(ero H cnpOCHTb AOPOry
AO )l(el1e3HOAOpO)l(HO CTaHl(HH.
- bypass
[v] 06XOAHTb
[n] 06xOA
2 () 06XOAIiITb, He IC8caTbCR, npOXOAIiITb MHMO,
He 38AeBaTb ICOro-l1. (0 C06b1THflX, 0 BonHeHHfIX H r.n.)
. This event didn't pass our family by and we remem-

217
bered it very long time. 0 31"0 c06b1me He npowllo
MI-IMO Hac, 1-1 Mbi nOMHl-Ill1-I ero O'leHb lI.Ollro.
3 () 1-136eraTb, nponyclCaTb, oCTeperaTbcSI KO-
rO-Il'/'1ero-Il.; yxOll.l-ITb OT'Iero-ll. (OT Henp"ffTHOCTeill,
np06neM" T.n.) . After that accident he passed his
neighbours by. 0 nOClle Toro HeC'laCTHOro cnY'IaSl OH
1-136eran CBOI-IX cocell.er,. . You'd better pass these trou-
bles by. 0 llY'Iwe, eC1l1-I Tbi 6YlI.eWb nO,o.aI1bWe OT 3TIo1X
Henplo1S1THOCTe"'.
- bypass
[v] I-IlI.TIo1 06XOll.HblMI-I nyTSlMI-I; Bl-IllSlTb, XI-ITpl-lTb
put sth by
(v n adv) AenaTb AeHe>KHble c6epe>KeHI-ISI; OTKIlBJ),blBaTb
'1TO-Il. npo 33nac, Ha 6YAY\1.\lo1e HyJKAbI . -Next year
you '// go to England, so try to put some money by eve/)'
month. 0 B cneAYIO\1.\eM roAY Tbi noeAewb B AHrJll-llO,
n03ToM)' cTapaiilcSI e>KeMeCSI'IHO OTl<JlBJ),blBaTb nOHeM- _
HOry lI.eHer.  lay aside/by, put away
rank (sb/sth) among/with sb/sth I
(v pr, v n pr) C'II-ITaTbCSI, paCCMaTpl-lBaTbCSI '1eM-n.; OT-
HOCI-ITbCSI. npl-lpaBHI-IBaTbCSl K'IeMY-Il. (K KaKoill-n. KaTe- 
rap"". lUIaccy, p0.Qy, rpynne" T.n.); C'II-ITaTb, paccMa- ,
Tplo1BaTb, OTHOCIo1Tb KorO-Il. K 1(81C0"'-11. rpynne, KaTero-
pl-ll-l 101 T.n. . / am happy the director ranks my son
among the best students. 0  P3A, '1TO Al-lpeKTOp OT-
HOCI-IT Moero CblHa IC IlY"'WIo1M CTYAeHTaM. . If he win
this game he '// rank among cha//engers for taking part
in the World Cup. 0 ECIlI-1 OH Bbil-lrpaeT 3ry BCTpe'lY, TO
OH non3AeT B rpynny npeTeHAeHTOB Ha Y'laCTlo1e B
Ky6Ke Mlo1pa.

218

-
sit by
(v adv) OCTaBaTbC Oe3yacTHblM, Oe3,D,eTenbHblM.
He3aIilHTepeCOBaHHblM; CIiI,D,eTb CnO>Ka PYKIiI <'IaCTO BOT-
pl1l.\ClTel1bHblX npeJVlO>KeHI1AX; Cpo c sit back, 03Ha'iaIOUII1M
l5e3J\elilcTBl1e OT He>Kel1aHI1A npl1l1SraTb YCI1I1HA» . I am sure,
he won " sit by when we start building a new house.
o YBepeH. OH He OCT8HeTCSI 6e3YaCTHbiM. 1C0r,o,a Mbi
HaHeM CTpOIilTb HOBblH ,Q.OM. => sit back, stand by
stand between sb I sth (v pr)
1 HaxO,D,IiITbC, pacnonaraTbC, CTOTb Me)K,lJ,Y lCeM-n./
<JeM-n. . Our house stands between the river and the
road. 0 Haw ,D,OM pacnOnO>KeH Me)K,lJ,Y peKoiii iii ,D,Opo-
roH.
2 6b1Tb nOMexoiii, npenSlTCTBl1eM KOMy-n. B 'IeM-n. . I
won't let you stand between my daughter and her wish
to become a journalist. 0 s:I He ,D,onyl11.Y, <JTOObi Tbi npe-
nSlTCTBOB8Jl Moeiii ,D,o<Jeplil OCYl11.eCTBIiITb >KenaHlile CTaTb
>KypHaJlIiICTKOH.
stand by (sb/sth) (uMeeTcRnu inv)
1 (v adv) HaxO,D,IiITbC pSl,D,OM, n06J11'130CTI1 . It s a pity
that nobody stood by when it happened. 0 )l(aJlb, 'lTO
HliIlCoro He 6b1no pSl,Q.OM, Kor,o,a 3TO npOIil30WJIO.
- bystander
[nJ CBIiI,Q.eTenb (C06b1TUR); 6e3y<JaCTHbliii lia6mo,o,aTenb
2 (v adv) OCTaBaTbCSI B CTOPOH, 6e3yacTHblM, 6e3-
,Q.esnenbHblM, CIiI,Q.eTb cnO>Ka PYKIiI . I am sure he won't
stand by when we start building a new house. 0 YBepeH,
OH He 6Y,Q.eT Clil,D,eTb CJl0>Ka PYKIiI, Kor,o,a Mbi HaHeM
CTpOIiITb HOBblH ,Q.OM. => sit by

....
219
3 (v adv) 6b1Tb Ha'letcy, 6b1Tb rOTOBblM IC AeCTBI1S1M
. Stand by to listen to a new song. <> He OTXOAI1 OT pa-
AIiIO, '1T06b1 nocnywaTb HOBYIO neCHIO. . He was outside
,he door standing by in case the teacher would come.
o OH CTOSlJl 3a ABepblO, HaXOASlCb PSlAOM Ha cl1y'Ia.
eclll1 npl1AeT Y'lI1Tel1b.
a standby
[n] S06H. 6oeB8S1 rOTOBHOCTb . The army was on stand-
by all the night. 0 APMJ'lSI HaxoAI111aCb B 60eBO roTOB-
HOCTI1 BCIO HO'Ib.
4 (v pr) 6b1Tb BepHblM 1C0MY-Il./'1eMy-n. . It's no ILSe
talking him into elllering the institute, he stands by his
dream to become a boxer. <> Eiecno11e3Ho yroBapl1B8Tb
ero noqynaTb B I1HCTI1TYT, OH BepeH cBoe Me'lTe craTb
6oKcepoM.
stop by (sth)
(v adv, v pr) ssp ArnE 38r11S1Hyrb, 38CICO'lI1Tb, 38TI1 _
(KYA8-11.). We'll be happy if you stop by (ollr garage)
just to see our new car. <> MbI 6YAeM P8AbI, ecl1l1 BbI
38r11S1HeTe K HaM B rapIDK, '1T06b1 nOCMoTpeTb Hawy
HOBYIO MawIilHY.
I
I

9
as at
PA3,D;EJI
TEMATMKA CbPA30BblX rnArOnOB:
ycTpeMAeHHe: CpaBHeHl1e: nonblTKa, HanllAeHMe, 3a)(BaT: npMTBOp-
CTBO, M306pIDKeHMe: CIIY)KeHHe, OnpeAelleHMe, OTHOWeHMe; ynop-
CTeO
aim (sth) atltor sb/sth
I
-
1 (v pr, v n pr) l.\e1ll"TbCSI (1-13 '1ero-l1.) B KOro-l1./BO '1TO-n.
. Don't aim (your to)' gun) aI people. 0 He l.\el1bCSI (1-13
CBoero I-Irpywe'lHoro P}l)l(bSl) B 11lOAeiil.
2 (v pr) I-IMeTb '1TO-l1. cBOeiill.\el1blO (AOn)/(HOCTb, KBpb-
epy .., T.n.); CTpeMI-ITbCSI, cTapaTbcSI CAenaTb '1TO-l1.
,""B03MOJKHO C mg-$opMO gerund nocne npe.A/lora)i. . Why
don't you aim at entering an il/still/te? 0 nO'IeMY TbI He
CTaBI-IWb cBoeiill.\el1blO nOC1)'nl-lTb B I-IHCTl-lryr?
be at sb/sth (v pr)
1 pa3r. nblTaTbCSI Ha30iilnl-lBO yCSeJK,AaTb, yroBapl-lBaTb
KorO-l1.; npl-lAl-lpaTbCSI K KOMY-l1.; BOp'laTb Ha KOro-ll.
,",,06b1'1HO C nocneJJ.YIOUI"'M ..,H$Ii1H..,T..,BOM to do, paCKpbIBB'
IOUI"'M Llenb . I asked my husballd not to be so much al
our SOli. 0 s:I nOnpOCI-Il1a cBoero M}I)I(a He O'IeHb npl-!.

.....
221
Al1pBTbCR K HBWeMY CblHY. . All the day she is at me to
give up smoking. 0 LJ,el1b1i:i JJ.eHb OHB nplllCTBeT KO MHe C
TpeOOBBHllleM 6pocIIITb KYPIllTb.  get at
2pa31: rporBTb, 6paTb 'jTO-l1. 6e3 cnpoca; TBCKaTb 'jTO-l1.
. Who R'as at the cheese last night? 0 :3TO KTO )l(e no-
CRrHYl1 HB Cblp cerOJJ.HR HO'jblO?  get at
· be at one's I its best
(v pr) 6b1Tb B YAape. HB BbiCOTe (0 '1enOBeKe); 6b1Tb B
Hallll1Y'jweM BlIIJJ,e, COCTORHIIIIII (0 MBWWHe W T.n.) .;O(BMe-
CTO rnarona to be MOryr OblTb lIPyrlole rI1arOnbl-CB3KIo1: appear.
seem. feel 101 T.lI. . He is at his best when cooking.
o KorAa OH rOTOBIIIT, OH C110BHO B YA3pe.
· be at It
(v pr) pa31: 6blTb Ha,D.oeA11I11BblM, BpeJJ.HblM; 6B110BaTb-
CR, npOlCa3HIII'jBTb, JJ.OCIDK,ABTb, nplllHIIIMBTbCR 3a CBoe
. This d{fficult child is again at it. 0 STOT HeCHOCHbti:i
pe6eHoK onRTb 3a CBoe.
· be at pains to do sth
(v pr) nplll110)l(IIITb 3Ha'jIllTel1bHble YClIIl1l11R, l1e3Tb 1113 
KO)l(III BOH, 'jT06b1 c.o.eI1BTb'jTO-I1. .;O(MOJKeTconpoBOJKA3Tb- ___
 npl1naraTenbHblMIol some. great. consIderable 101 T_n. . He I
usually is at su.:h great pains to malce excuses to her.
o OH 06b1'jHO BeCb 1113 ce6R BblXOAIIIT, 'jTo6b1 onpaB-
IJ,BTbCSI nepe.o. Hei:i.
call at sth
(v pr) 3aXOJJ.IIITb, 3Be3)1(BTb, 3amRJJ.blBaTb KYAa-l1.
HeHa,D.Ol1rO . Why not colt at my office when we are nea,.
it? 0 nO'jeMY 6b1 HaM He 3BCIC0'jIllTb B MOi:i O$IIIC. 1C0rAa
Mbi Oy.o.eM OK0I10 Hero? ::» calt in

222
I
I
-
come at sb I sth (v pr)
1 Hana,o,aTb, Ha6pacblBa Ha Koro-n. . He nOliced
.omebody coming at an old man. 0 OH 3aMenm, Kat(
KTO-TO Hanan Ha nO>KI'IIlOra '1enOBeKa.
2 A06paTbcSI AO '1era-Il. (.£10 cym, /1,0 "'CT"'Hbi. /1,0 "'c-
TOK08 '" T.n.); YCTaHOBI'ITb, pacKpblTb '1TO-n. (cPaKTbI,
npa8J1,Y'" T.n.) . He managed 10 come at Ihe real cause
of her silence. 0 EMY YA8I10Cb YCTaHOBI'ITb HaCTOSlI4YIO
npl'l'lI'lHY ee MOI1'1aHI'ISI.  get at
count (sb/sth) as sb/sth
(v pr, v n pr) C'II'ITaTbCSI KeM-I1'/'1eM-n.; C'II'ITaTb 1C0ro-n./
'1TO-n. lCeM-I1'/'1eM-n. . l/.1'ou acllhis way you '/I count
as a fool (or: ...everybody will count you as a fool).
o Ecnl'l Tbl nOCTYnl'lWb TaK, TO Tbl 6YAeWb C'II'ITaTbCSl AY-
paKOM (Hn",: ...Bce 6YAyT C'II'ITaTb Te6S1 AypalCoM).
do at! for sth
(v pr) pB3r. CnYJf(I'ITb B Ka'leCTBe '1era-n., BMecTO'lera-n.,
AJlR"Iera-I1.. This lens does as speclaclesforme. 0 3ra
nyna CI1Y>KI'IT MHe BMeCTO O'IKOB.  serve as/for
drive (sth) at sth
1 (v pr, v n pr) BeCTI'I MaWI'IHY Ha IC8KOj;\-I1. CKOPOCTI1
. Please don 'I drive (your car) at such a fasl speed.
o nO>Kanyj;\CTa, He BOAI'I (CBOIO) MaWI'IHY Ha TaKoj;\ 61:,1-
CTPOj;\ CKOpoCTI'I.
:2 (v pr) pB3r. K110HI'ITb IC '1eMY-I1.; I'IMeTb B BIoIAY"lTo-n.;
nbiTaTbCSI CIC83aTb '1TO-I1.; HaMelC8Tb Ha 'no-no -<l:B OCH08-
HOM B BOnpoclo1TenbHblX npeA/1Q)KeHIo1RX; Continuous}; . YOII
think I can guess what YOII are driving at. 0 Tbl AYMa-
eWb, R MOry Aor8A8TbCSI, K '1eMY TbI K110HI'IWb.  get at

223
get at sb I sth (v pr) [MMeeTCR adj]
1lJ,06I'1paTbCS1,lJ,OCTaBaTblJ,0 1<0ro-n./'1ero-n. . Put the
medicine higher. or children can get at it. 0 nonOJKI'1
nel<apCTBO Bblwe, a TO .neTI'1 MOryT lJ,OCTaTb lJ,O HI'1X.
=> be at, come at
D get-at-able
[adj] pa3r. lJ,OCl)'nHbli:! <"06b1'1HO ..,cnOnb3yeTclI npeA..,Ka-
TM8HO. T.e. B Ka'lecTBe ..,MeHHoft 'Iacm COCT88Horo ..,MeHHOro
CKa3yeMoro (nocne rnarona-cBII3KH)}> . This thing YOII can
buy everywhere, it s (a) get-at-able (product). 0 STa
Beb lJ,OCTynHa, Tbi MO>KeWb ee Be3Ae IC)'nI'1Tb.
2 npl'1HI'1MaTbCR 38 '1TO-n., 3aHRTbCR '1eM-n. «nocne
npe,D,l1or8 803MO)l(H8 ing-cpopMa oerung)> . When I come to
)'ou we'll get at coC?king a wedding cake..O Korp,a R
npl'1lJ,y IC Te6e, Mbi 3aMeMCS1 npl'1roTOB1leHl'1eM CBa-
Ae6Horo TopTa.
3 npeA11araTb '1TO-n. (He npSlMO), K1IOHI'1Tb I< '1eMy-n.,
HaMel<aTb Ha '1TO- n. "'::8 OCHOBHOM 8 80npoCMTenbHblK npeA-
1IO)I(eH..,IIX; COntinuous . YOII think I can guess what you -=--
are getting at. 0 Tbi lJ,YMaewb, R MOry Aorap,aTbCR, IC 
'1eMY TblK1IOHI'1Wb. => drive at '
4 pa3r. BOp'laTb Ha I<oro-n., pyraTb, nl'1nl'1Tb 1C0ro-n.;
Kpl'1n1l<OBaTb 1C0ro-n., npl'1CTaBaTb I< 1<0MY-n. "'::06b1'1HO
Continuous . Stop getting at him, he is still small.
o nepeCTaHb npl'1CTaBaTb I< HeMY, OH ee ManeHbl<l'1.
. He is getting at me again to give up smoking. 0 OH
onRTb npl'1CTaeT 1<0 MHe C Tpe6oBaHI'1eM 6pOCI'1Tb
KYPI'1Tb. => be at
go at sb I sth (v pr)
1 Hanap,aTb, Ha6paCblBaTbCR Ha 1<0ro-n./'1TQ-n. (41M3/11-

224
'1eCKI-f I-f cnOBeCHO); rOpR'IO 06cyJl(,AaTb Koro-n./'1TO-II.
. They went at my offir and put it to a complete YOllt.
o OH Ha6pocllCb Ha Moe npeAJlO>KeHe III paCKpl-l-
TIilKOBalllII era B nyx III npax.
2 3Heprl-l'lHO 6paTbcR aa '1TO-n.; nplllllO>KTb YCllI-lR K
'1eMy-n., AJlR '1ero-n. . Isn't it time to go at learning
Ellglish? 0 He nopa n cepbe3Ho B3RTbCR 3a 1113Y'leHl-le
aHrnj;\cKoro R3b1Ka?
guess at sth
(v pr) OTr3A8Tb, npeAyr3A8Tb '"!TO-n.; Aor3A8TbCR 0
'"!eM-ll. . He seems to be able to guess at everything his
father can tell next moment. 0 Ka>KeTCR, '1TO OH cno-
c06eH npeAyrap,aTb Bce, '1TO ero OTeLl MO>KeT CKa38Tb B
clleAYIOIJ..(I-Ij;1 MOMeHT.
hit at sb

I
-
(v pr) Han3A8Tb, Ha6paCblBaTbCR Ha KorO-ll./'"!TO-II.
(cnoBecHo, B ne'iam I-f T.n.) . I did" 't e.xpect her to hit
at me for my words. 0 51 He O>KIllAaII, '1TO OHa Ha6po-
CIilTCR Ha MeHR aa MOIII cnOBa.
jump at sb I sth (v pr)
1 6pOCTbCR K KOMy-n. (HaBCTpe'lY, B 06bRTl-fR) . When
he came in. his SOli jumped at him spreading Ollt his
anns. 0 Korp,a OH Bowell, ero CblH 6pocnCR K HeMY,
paCKHYB PYK.
2 pa3r. He ynYCTlilTb 'ITO-n., YXBaTTbCR aa '!To-n. (3a
cnY'Iau, waHC, B03MO)/(HOCTb I-f T. n.) . I am so swprisecl
thelt you clid" 't jump at his proposal of marriage. 0 51
O'leHb YABlleH8, '1TO Tbi He YXBaTllaCb 3a ero npeJJ.-
llO>KeHllle 0 >KeHTb6e.

225
keep at sb I sth (v pr)
1 npOAOIl>KaTb pa60TaTb H3A "IeM-Il. . He insisted on
keeping at this work. 0 OH HaCTal1Bal1 Ha npOAOIl>KeHI1Io1
:3ToJ;J pa6oTbi.
2 pa3r. 6eCnOK0l1Tb KOrO-Il.; H3AoeA8Tb, AOKY"IaTb, He
lI,aBaTb nOKOR KOMY- 11. . A II the day she is keeping at me
to buy ice cream. 0 BeCb AeHb OHa np\llCTaeT KO MHe,
"ITo6b1 KYnl1Tb MOpO>KeHoe. .
laugh at sb I sth .
(v pr) CMeRTbCR, HaCMexaTbCR HaA KeM-l1./"IeM-Il. . I
didn't like that comedy, there was nothing to laugh at.
o MHe He nOHpaBl1llaCb 3Ta 1C0MeAI1R, TaM H\II"IerO He
6blfl0 CMeWHoro.
look at sb I sth (v pr)
1 cMoTpeTb Ha KOro-Il.!"ITO-Il. . I can't even look al him
after that. 0 s:I He MOry AaJl(e CMOTpeTb Ha Hero noclle
3Toro.
2 OCMaTp\llBaTb, paCCMaTpl1BaTb, 113Y"aTb "ITO-Il. (sl.Ie- _
nflx npI-IHRTI-IR KBKoro-n. peWeHI-IR) . We asked the
pilimber to look at bathtub to locate the leak. 0 Mbi no-
npOC111l11 CllecapR-caHTeXHI1Ka OCMOTpeTb BaHHY,
"IT06bl Hai1T\II, rAe OHa Te"leT.
3 C'tI1TaTb, nOllaraTb, paCCMaTpl1BaTb "ITO-Il., AYMaTb 0
"IeM-Il. . How do YOIi look at this document? 0 YTO Tbi
AYMaeWb 06 3TOM AOKYMeHTe?
I
pass as /for sb I sth
(v pr) CllblTb KeM-Il./"IeM-Il., COi1TI1 3a Koro-n./"ITO-Il.,
6b1Tb npl1HRTbiM 3a Koro-Il./'fTo-n. . Be carejill. in such
8 B. r. CTOJIJlP

226
I
--
a uni/orm that man can pass as a policeman. 0 6y.o.bTe
OCTOpO>KHbI, B TalCOH YHI14>opMe Toro 'tenOBeKa MO>KHO
npl1HRTb 3a nonl1ltei1cKoro.
pick at sb / sth (v pr)
1 pa3r. eCTb '1TO- n. He60nbWI1MI1 K}'CO'IKaMI1; e,o,ea npl1-
TparlolBaTbCSl K'IeMy-n. (B T.'I. K nt/me) . /fJou continue
piclcing at vour breakfast /"II punish you. 0 Ecnl1 Tbi
6y.o.ewb npo.o.on>KaTb KOBblpRTbCSI B CBoeM 3aBTpaKe, R
HaKIDKy Te6R.
2 pa3r. npl1,(J,l1paTbCR K ICOMY-Il., BOp'laTb Ha KOrO-Il.
. Don't complain to me about your children, J can see
how you pick at them. 0 He >KaI1YHCR MHe Ha CBOIolX
.o.eTei1, R BI1JKY, KaIC Tbi npl1,(J,l1paeWbCR K HI1M.
play at sb / sth
(v pr) 11306paJKaTb Koro-n./'fTO-Il., I1rpaTb B Koro-n./80
'tTO-Il.; nplolTBOpRTbCR, nplollCloIAbiBaTbCR lCeM-n'/'teM-n.
. Let s play at doctors and patients. 0 AaBaHTe cblrpa-
eM B .o.OKTOpoB 111S01lbHbIX. . I think he is just play;ng at
learning English with the cassette; really he e'!ioys lis-
tening to music. 0 AYMalO, OH nplolTBOpReTCSI, 'fTO Y'lHT
aHrIll1HClCl1H C KaCCeTOH; Ha caMOM .o.e.ne OH HaCn8;4(-
,o,aeTCR MY3b1ICOH.
put sth at sth
(v n pr) npl1MepHO onpeAenRTb, OlteHIolBaTb 'fTO-Il.
(pa3Mep. B03paCT. KOflt/'IeCTBO t/ T.n.) . J would put Ihe
number of people on the square al about one thousand.
o  ISbi CICa3a1l, 'tTO H8 nllOlLlBJJ,l1 nplolMepHO TblCR'fa
'teIlOBelC.

227
rank (sb/sth) as sb/sth
(v pr, v n pr) C'II-1TaTbCSI KeM-n.; C'IIliTaTb Koro-n./'lTo-n.
KeM-n'/'1eM-n. . He ranks this music as masterpiece.
o OH C'IIliTaeT :ny MY3b1KY we.o.eBpOM. . He ranis as un-
worthy of respect. 0 OH C'IIilTaeTCSI He.o.OCToiilHblM YBa-
>KeHIIISI.
see sb I sth as sb I sth
(v pr) C'lIiiTaTb, paCCMaTplilBaTb 1C0ro-n./'lT0-n. B Ka'iec-
TBe Koro-n./'1ero-n. . My parents .fief' me as their hope.
o MOIil po.o.lIITenlil C'IIliTaIOT MeHSI cBoeiil Ha.o.e)l(JJ,oiil.
serve (sb) as/for sth
(v pr, v n pr) CnY'KIIITb (lCoMY-n.) B lCa'leCTBe '1ero-n., lJ,I1S1
KaICIIIX- n. Lleneiil . He sat on the bed and his knees served
(him) as a writing table. 0 OH clII.o.en Ha ICpOBan1. a ero
KoneHIII cnY'Klllnlll eMY nlllCbMeHHblM CTonoM. :::) do
as/for
stick at sth
(v pr) pa3r. ynopHo .o.enaTb '1TO-n., He OTpblBaTbCSI OT -
KaKOro-n. .o.ena . The on(v way to reach a success in
music is to stick at practicing every day many hours
each. 0 E.o.IIIHcTBeHHbliiI cnocoO .o.OOIliTbai ycnexa B
MY3blKe 3TO npoABIIITb ynopcTBo B e>Ke.o.HeBHoiil npaK-
TlillCe no MHOry 'laCOB.
talk at sb
(v pr) pa3r. rOBoplllTb c lCeM-n. Bo06U1,e, He BHIIIMaA co.
Oece.o.HIIIKY; "BblCTynaTb", rOBOpSi C lCeM-n. . What has
happened to you? You've talked at me so much, that I
couldn't put in a word. 0 TO C ToOoiil cnY'illlnOCb? 1b1
8-

228
HarOBopHI1 MHe TaK MHOro, '/TO  He Mor BCTaBHTb ..,
CI10Be'lKa.
work at sth
(v pr) pa60TaTb,IJ.YMaTb HaJJ, 'IeM-I1.; npHl1araTb YCHI1..,SI
K'IeMY-I1. . Don't disturb him, he works at a new model
of car. 0 He 6ecnolC0 ero, OH pa60TaeT HaJJ, HOBOi1
MOlJ.el1blO aBToMo6HI1. => work on


--

10
down
PA31IEJI
up
TEMATHKA CZ»PA30BblX rnArOnOB:
ABI">KeH..e OHM3 - OBePX, no.\OIKeH..e OHH3Y - ooepxy; )'MeHIr
UJeHMe - yse"H'leHHe; 3apen"eHMe M OrpaHM'IMBaHHe; npM'IHHeH..e
Y\III!p6a M pa3pyweHHe; nOpaJKEIHMe M I1OMlII/IeHMe - I1OAJ"OTOOIIII M
Ha'lMHaHHe; 3aOepweHMe M OC\a6i\eHHe - C03M1H..e H nOllOAeHMf!;
3anMCblOaHMe M IIOCf1pMATMe - pacpbITHe M o6+Iapy>t<eHHe; npM-
C'I}'IlaHMe  AeATellbHOCTM - OTK33 M OTKl\IO'IeHHe; 'IMCTa M Obi-
I1j)AMi\eHMe - cOOMpaHMe M 3aOepWeHMe; c6"M>KEIH..e M pa3AelleHHe
act up (v adv) pa3r.
1 Bbl3b1BaTb pa3l1.PIDKeHe, /J.OC8JJ.Y . My sprained
ankle has been acting up badly all week. 0 MoSi 110-
/J.bOl(lCa nocne pacnl)l(eHSI MY'1l1a MeHSI BCIO HeAel1lO. 
 .
2 nl1OXO pa60TaTb, 6ap3XJ1Tb. The engine is acting up
again. 0 MOTop onSlTb 6apaxnT. .
back down
(v adv) [HMeeTC!! n] oTcrynaTbCSI, CA3BaTb COOIO no-
31..\1011O . It is not interesting to dispute against you, you
back down quite quickly. 0 C T060i:! HeHTepeCHO cno-
PTb. TbI oTcrynaewb AOBOl1bHO 6b1CTpO.

230
I
I

l1li
a backdown
[n) OTCT)'nneHHe, CAa'Ja n03H4H. KanHT)'nR4IIIR . The
backdown was only the way for them. 0 E,o.HHcTBeHHblH
nyrb AIlR HHX 6b1n - OTc-rynneHHe
back (sb!sth) up [HMeeTCSI n H adj]
1 (v n adv, v adv) nO,lJJ1ep)l(HBaTb (Koro-n.) MopanbHo;
nOAlCpennRTb $H3H'JecICH H IOpHAH'JecKH (lCoro-n.!
'JTo-n.) . Be sure, we '/I back your idea up. 0 6YAb YBe-
peH, Mbi nO,lJJ1ep)l(HM TBOIO HAelO. . If possible, friends.
back up somehow. 0 ApY3bR. ecnH MO)l(HO, nO,lJJ1ep)l(HTe
KalC-H6YAb.
D backup
[n) 3anacHo&;1 MaTepHan, pe3epBHaR nporpaMMa;
Ay6nep; Ay6nHpoBaHHe . A backup should be also pre-
pared. 0 CneAyeT roTOBHTb TalOKe II! Ay6nepa.
[adj) 38naCHo&;1, pe3epBHbI, Ay6nHPYIOIW1 . J think.
it's time to call for a backup team. 0 AYMalO, nopa BbI-
3b1BaTb 38nacHYIO 1C0MaHAY.
2 (v n adv) A8BaTb 'JeMy-n. 38JJ,HHi:t XOA, npoKpyrHTb
'JTo-n. B 06paTHoM HanpaBneHHH . Please bock the car
up a little. 0 6YAbA06p, OTBeAH MaWHHY HeMHoro Ha38JJ..
3 (v n adv, v adv) 3aCTpeBaTb, (BblHYAHTb 'JTO-I1.)
0(')pa30BblBaTb 38TOP. np06KY . Look. the traffic is
being backed up. 0 CMOTpl-1, 06paayeTCS1 TpaHcnopTHaR
npo6Ka. . Where did you back up there? 0 rAe TbI TaM
3aCTpR11?
a backup
[nJ 38TOp, npo6Ka . There is a backup of cars in the
main street. 0 Ha OCHOBHO&;1 ynl-14e aBTOMOlSl-1nbHaR
npo6Ka.

A.
231
be down (v adv)
1 pa3r. He,aOCTaBaTb "'OObl'''iO npIlBO.QHTCII 1(0nll'lecTBO
. They are a big sum down. 0 Y H"'X KPynHBSI HeAOCTa'iS.
2 na,aaTb. 6b1Tb CH"'JlCeHHblM (0 SeftWIHHe) "''1BCTO npll-
BO.QIITCII I(OnH"ecTBo . Bread ;s down /0 per cent.
o Xne6 nOAeWeBeJl Ha Ab npoeHToB. => be UP.
bring down
3 6b1Tb 38n",caHHblM, 6b1Tb BHeceHHblM B cn"'COK, B
pacnMCaHl<1e . WIlY is my surname not down on the /ist?
o nO'ieMY Moe <l>aMW11<11<1 HeT B cnl<1clCe? => get down,
pUI down
4 pa3r. He 4>YHKlUoIOH"'POBaTb, OTKa3b1BaTb (0 MeXaHJf3-
Me H r.n.) . It s time to have a new engine, because this
one has already been down several times. 0 nopa Me-
HTb AB",raTellb HS HOBbI, TaK KaK 3TOT YJKe OTKa3b1B8J1
HeCICOJlbKO pa3. => be oul of tu:lwn
be down on sb I sth
(v sdv pr) pa3r. 6bITb KPI<1T"''ieCICI<1 HscrpoeHHblM npoT"'B
KOrO-Il./'ierO-Il.; nopl<1L¥iTb. O<:y)KABTb lCorO-Il'/'iTO-Jl.
. The teacher was at once dOK'n on my words. 0 Y'i"'-
TenbHI'IL¥i CP83Y JlCe paCCepAl<1naCb Ha MO'" C110Ba. 
be down with sth ----
(vadv pr) pasr. 60lleTb KaICO-Il. 60ne3HblO . He won't
come, he is down with stomach upset. 0 OH He npl'lAeT, y
Hero paCCTpOCTBO JlCenYAKa. => go down with
be up (V adv)
1 nOBblCI'ITbC B eHe .Is bread up again? 0 YTO, XJle6
onTb nOJ1opoJIC8J1? => be down. go up. keep up

232
I
I
f
1m
2 )KI-1Tb, n06b1BaTb B KpynHoM ropoAe; 6b1Tb cT-yAeHTOM
(oco6eHHo B OKc(/)op.o.e UflU KeM6pw:vKe). Was your
son up at Cambridge? 0 Baw CblH Y'l1-111CSI B KeM-
6plo1JJ,)Ke? => come up, go up
3 3aICOHl1TbCSI, npeKpaTIo1TbCSI . My dinner hOllr is up.
o Y MeHSI KOHIo111CSI 06eAeHHbli1 nepepblB. => be over
4 60JJ.l)CTBOBaTb, 6blTb Ha Horax, He B nOCTel1lo1; BCTaTb,
npOCHyTbet:l . I wonder whether she is still up. 0 I<1H-
TepeCHO, OHa eute He B nOCTel1lo1? . prov The cow that's
first up, gets the first of the dew. 0 noc/!. KTO paHO BCTa-
eT, TOMY 60r ,naeT. ::::> get up, keep up, stay up
5 cl1yaTbcSI, np0Io1CXOAI-1Tb. What's up with you? 0 liTO
C T06oi1?
· one's blood be up
(v adv) CTaTb B036YJK,lJ,eHHblM, pa3ropSlIo1TbCSI .1 could
see that his blood was up, so I tried to avoid a quarrel.
o s:I YBIIIAel1, TO OH pa3bSlpl-111CSI, 1-1 nOCTap8J1CSI 1013-
6e>KaTb CCOpbl. => get one'slsb's blood up
be up for 5th
(v adv pr) 6b1Tb KaHAIo1,naTOM, npeTeHAeHToM Ha BbI-
60pax, Ha AOl1)KHOCTb 1-1 T.n.; 6b1Tb BbiCTaB1leHHblM Ha
npoJJ,a)Ky . I think, she is up for promotion. 0 J],YMalO,
TO ee KaHAI1JJ,aTypa paccMaTplo1BaeTcSI Ha npe,fJ,MeT
nOBbiweHIIISI. => come up for, put up
· be up for debate I discussion
(v adv pr) 6b1Tb nOCTaBl1eHHblM, 6b1Tb nOAHSlTblM, B03-
HIo1KHyrb, BCnl1b1Tb nplo1 06CY*AeHIo1Io1 (0 Bonpoce, TeMe
U r.n.) . Your behaviour was up for discussion with the
din!!ctor. 0 TBoe nOBeAeHlo1e CTal10 npeAMeTOM 06CY)K-
AeHIo1S1 y Alo1peKTOpa. => bring up, come up

233
· be up In arms (v adv) pa3r.
1 paCCepAlITbCR, np\o1H\o1MaTb B WTblK\o1, B3bRp\o1TbCR,
npOTeCTOBaTb, onOlNaTbCSI . After my words she was
up in arms at once. 0 nocne MO\o1X CJ10B OH8 Cpa3Y 38-
npOTeCTOBaJ1a.
2 6b1Tb B nOJ1HOH 6oeBoH rOTOBHOCT\o1; 6b1Tb OXBa-
'1eHHblM BOCCTaH\o1eM . Your detachment should be up
in arms by 5. 0 TBOH OTpRA .o.OJ1>KeH OblTb B nOJ1HOH 60-
eBOH rOTOBHOCT\o11C 5 '18caM.
· be well up In sth
Iv adv pr) P83r. 6b1Tb XOPOWO \o1H<tmpM\o1pOB8HHblM B
'1eM-n., 3H8Tb XOPOWO 0 'ieM-n. . He seems to be well
up in the law. 0 l<aJKeTCR. OH XOPOWO 3HaICOM C 38-
KOHOM.
be Up to sb I sth (V adv pr) pa3r.
1 38MblWl1RTb 'iTO-n., 38TeBaTb 'iTO-J1. (HeJICenaTenb-
Hoe, Hexopowee) . What are they up lO? 0 '-ITo 3TO OH\o1
3aTeBalOT? . He is up 10 no good. 0 Or Hero xopowero
He )1(,1],\01.  gel up 10, pul up 10
2 3HaTb 38paHee 0 "IeM-J1., 6bITb rOTOBbiM cnpaB\o1TbCR
C "IeM-n.; 6b1Tb OCBeAOMJ1eHHblM 0 K8KOM-n. ceKpeTe, 0
<t>oKYce \01 T.n. . Were you up to his secret? 0 Te6e 6b1J1
1113BeCTeH era ceKpeT?
3 6b1Tb Ha '1b9M-J1. YCMoTpeHlIIlII, 6b1Tb '1bIllM-J1. AeJ10M,
3aB\o1CeTb OT KOrO-J1., 6b1Tb B03J10>KeHHblM H8 1C0rO-J1.
1060TB8TCTBeHHocTM) . It's up 10 you to decide. 0 Bbi
AOJl)l(Hbi peW8Tb. . Whether you study or not is entirely
up 10 you. 0 Y"IIITbCSlllln\o1 HeT - TBoe .o.eno.  leave up
to
4 AOCTlllraTb onpeAeJ1eHHOrO YPOBHR, AOXOA\o1Tb .0.0
.

234

I
J
'1erO-I1., AOCTaBaTb AO '1erO-I1. (0 Kon",..,eCTBe, ape-
MeH", paCCTOflHHH) . My son is up to my shoulders. 0
Moiil CblH MHe e no nne'lo. => bring up to, come up to,
get up to
5 OblTb B COCTos:IHiIIiII CAe11aTb '1TO-I1.; 6b1Tb cnoco6HblM,
npillroAHblM IC '1eMY-I1. ..aCTO B <l><>PMe be up to doing sth;
'1aCTO cOnpOBO)l(,O,aeTCR Hape..HIIMH fully, quite. scarcely,
hardly"» . We were hardly up to going out without the
dog. 0 Bpl'lA 11i11 Mbi Obi peWiIIl1i11Cb BbI)(OAiIITb 6e3 co-
6alClll. => feel up to
· be up to date I the minute
(vadv pr) 6b1Tb COBpeMeHHblM, HOBeiilwiIIM, TOl1blCO 'lT0
Cl1Y'!iIIBWiIIMCI'I; 6b1Tb iIIAYM B HOry co BpeMeHBM
. Your invention is right up to date. 0 TBoe i11306peTe-
Hille - 3TO TO'lHO TO, '1TO ceroAHI'I HHO. => bring up to,
get up to
· be up to one's ears I eyes I neck In sth
(vadv pr) OblTb no rop110, no YWiII B '1eM-I1.; 6b1Tb O'leHb
3aHI'ITblM'IeM-11. . He's up to his eyes in some writing.
o OH no rop110 38HSIT KalCoiil-TO nillcaHiIIHoili.
-.:. bear sb I sth down
..:. (v n adv) 04>"'1.1. HaHeCT\o1ICOMY-l1. nopIDKeHille, npeOAO-
l1eBaTb; C110Ma.1Tb conpon1Bl1eHille Bpara ill T.n. . Hi>
knew the way how to bear the enemy down. 0 Mbl3HanH,
lCalC C110MI'ITb npOTIIIBHillKa.
bear (sb) up [",MeeTc11"inv]
1 (v adv) BblAep>KaTb, He CllOMaTbCl'I, Aep>KaTbCR
CTOiilKO . The floor will bear up under the weight of the
new machine. 0 nOll BblAep>KI'IT TI'I>KeCTb HOBoiil Maw..,-
..-

235
Hbl. . They have born up against strokes offate. OOHIo1
BblAep>KaJ1101 YAaPbl CYAb6b1.
2 () nOAAep>KIo1BaTb, nOAOaJijJlo1BaTb 1C0ro-n.; no-
MoraTb KOMy-n. (s TPY.QHoe speMR) . /'11 be so obliged
to you, if you bear my son up at the new place. 0 S! 6YAY
O'ffiHb 06R3aH Te6e, ecnlo1 Tbi OKaJKeWb nOAAep)l(KY MO-
eMY CblHY Ha HOBOM MeCTe.
- upbear
)nOAAep)l(Io1BaTb;nplo1nOAHIo1MaTb
beat sb I sth down (v n adv) (IofMeeTaI inv]
1 COIo1BaTb, nOHIoI)I(aTb L4eHY; nOA6111Tb, yroBOplolTb, 3a-
cTaBIiITb, y6eAIiITb 1C0ro-n. CHIoI3101Tb L4eHY . After long
arguing she beat a seller down in price. 0 nocne AonrlolX
npenlo1paTenbCTB OHa 3acraBiolna npOAaBWi yC1)InlolTb B
LleHe.  knock down
2 nOAaBnRTb lCoro-n./'iTO-n. (onn031ofIofIO, conpoTIofB-
neHiofe Iof r.n.) . They had an order to beat down all op-
position. 0 OHIiI nonY"llilnlol nplilKa3 nOABBIoITb BCRKoe co-
npOTl1BneHlole.
- downbeat
[adj) pa3r. 1 Mpa'lHbli'i, neccIiIMlilcrlo1"1Hbli'i
2 CAep)l(aHHbli'i, He nOKa3b1BaIOIl.\IiIi'i ClilnbHblX 'IYBCTB
beat down (on sb/sth)
(v adv, v adv pr) nanlilTb, RpKO CBeTIiITb; 06)1(IoIraTb KO-
ro-n./ "ITO-n. (0 conHe) . The sun beat down (on them)
all day. 0 COnHL4e RpKO CBeTlilno ()I(rJ10 Io1X) BeCb AeHb.
beat sb up
(v n adv) [MMeeTCR adj M inv] 3BepCKIiI 1i1361i1BaTb,
..

236
lCal1e'lKTb . They beat up a seller. 0 OHH 1013610111101 npo-
AClBLI3.  do over
D beat-up
[adj)n06KT,nOTpenaHH,nOBpeXAeHH;BHB-
WJ.1 B/.1A . He somewhere got a beat-up bicycle. 0 OH
rAe- TO pa3,lJ,0611 paa6HTbliii BenocHneA.
- upbeat
[adj) pa3r. 60APiii, Beceniii; nOllH H3,IJ,eXA, oml<1-
MI<13Ma

I

a
blow (sth) down
(vadv, v n adv) CAYBaTb, CBaJ1I11BaTb ('ITO-n.) Ha 3eMJlIO;
CBaJ1HBaTbCSI . Look, the roofblew down after the storm.
o CMOTPH, Kpwa CBaJ1J.1llaCb nocne yparaHa . Who
first will blow the pencil down? 0 KTO nepB cAyey
lCapaHAClw?
blow (sth) up [HMeeTCR nJ
1 (v adv) pa3r. TepSlTb BAep>KKY, caMo06n3,lJ,aHl<1e;
BblXOAI<1Tb 1013 ce6S1, B30pB8TbCSI, BcnllHTb . I blew up
because his laziness. 0 51 Bwell 1113 ce6S1 1113-38 ero
lleHIll.
2 (v n adv) 6paHHTb, pyraTb 1C0ro-n., AClBaTb KOMY-ll.
B36Y'!KY, B3Ayrb KorO-ll. . lie didn't have the right to
blow me up. OOH He IIIMell npaBa pyraTb MeHSI.
D blowing-up
[n] B36Y'!Ka, HaroHSliii . I got a good bloMing-up for
kissing her. 0 51 nOllY'lllln xopoWYIO 3aTpeHY 3a TO,
'ITO nOLlenOBaJ1 ee.
3 (v adv) YclllllHBaTbCSI, HapaCTaTb . The fire is still
blowing up. 0 nO>Kap Bce eUle pa3paCTaeTCSI.

--.
237
4 (v n adv, vadv) Ha,QyBaTbCR. HaKa'l\.1BaTb'lTO-l1. (WHHY
H T.n.) . Will you blow up these tyres, please? 0 Ha-
Ka'laj;j. nO)JC.aJ1yj;jcTa. 3TIII WIIIHbI. . They are not blowing
up. OOHIII He Halea'lIllBaIOTCSI.  go down, let down
5 (v n adv, vadv) B3pblBaTb '1TO-l1.; B3pblBaTbCSI; pa3-
pywaTb \.111111 pa36I11Tb'lTO-I1. BApe6e3rlll; pa3pywaTbCSI
. The bomb blew up near him. 0 60M6a B30pBa11aCb psI-
AOM C HIllM. . The enemy forces blew our house up yes-
terday. 0 B'Iepa BpaJKeCKllle ClIIl1b1 paapYWlIIl1111 Haw AOM.
 go up, send up
6 (v n adv) npeYBel1l11'1\.1BaTb, 3aBbiwaTb <OObl..HO
Passive . The story, of course, was blown up. 0 Pac-
cKa3, KOHe'lHO. 6bl11 npeysel1l11'1eH.
boil (5th) down (to 5th) pS3r.
1 (v n adv, v adv, v adv pr, v n adv pr) YBapIllBaTbCSI.
Bblnap\.1BaTbCSI; BbinaplllsaTb, YBaplllBaTb '1TO-II. KlllnR-
'1eHllleM (,/J,O lCalCoro-lI. KOIIIII'leCTsa. COCTOSlHIIIR) . You'll
boil the soup down, if you don't switch the gas off 0 Tbi
8b1nap\.1Wb cyn, ecn\.1 He BblK11KN\.1Wb ra3. . Don't cook
soup long, it'll boil down (to a small quantity). 0 He
eap\.1 cyn ,/J,Ol1ro, OH Y8apillTcR (,/J,o MeHbwej;j nOPLtIllIll).
2 (v n adv, v adv pr, v n adv pr) COKpaLUaTbCSI.
C)I(\.1MaTbCR, CBO,/J,lllTbCSI (AO '1ero-II., IC '1eMy-n.); COKpa-
lU8Tb, C)I(IIIMaTb, CBO,/J,IIITb '1TO-I1. (AO '1ero-n., AO Iea-
KOro-l1. 1C0n\.1'1eCTsa) . You could boil your long story
down to a few sentences. 0 Tbi Mor 6b1 COKpaT\.1Tb C80j;j
,/J,IlIIIHHblii1 paCCK83 ,/J,O HeCKOl1blC\.1X npeA110)l(eHIllj;j. . The
whole matter boils down to nothing. 0 Bce 3TO ,/J,eno H\.1
K '1eMy He np\.1BO,/J,IIIT.  come down to
.
1
""

238
I
-
boil up
(v adv) Ha3peBaTb, JJ,OCTl1raTb OnaCHOrO YPOBHSI. Ha-
I<liIneTb . He felt that a quarrel was boiling up. 0 OH
-.YBCTBOBaIl, -.TO Ha3peBaeT ccopa.
break (5th) down [HMeeTcSl n]
1 (v n adv) cnOMaTb, pa3PYWIiITb. C61i1Tb, CHeCTIiI -'TO-n.
. The police broke the door down. 0 nonlilUHA Bbl6Hna
(B3nOMaIla) JJ,Bepb. :::> knock down, pull down
2 (v n adv)(npe)oJJ,oneTb, npeB03MO-.b -'To-n. .1 had to
break down my daughter s reserve to understand what
happened. () MHe nplilW110Cb npeOJJ,oneaaTb CJJ,epJKaH-
HOCTb JJ,O-.ICI1, -.To6b1 nOHSlTb, -.TO cnY-'I1110Cb.
3 (v adv) He BblJJ,ep>KaTb, nOTepATb caMoo611a.D,aHHe,
paCnnal<aTbCSI, JJ,aTb Bomo -'YBCTBaM . She suddenly
broke down and cried. 0 OHa Bp,pyr He BblJJ,ep>KaIla 
pacnnal<a11acb.
4 (v adv) cnOMaTbCSI, pa3PywIiITbCA, BblHTIiI 1i13 CTpOSl;
nOTepneTb aBaplil10 (0 MexaHH3Max) . Unfortunately.
his car had broken down. 0 K CO>KaIleHIilIO, ero MaWHHa
n0110MaIlaCb.
D breakdown
[nj nonOMKa (MawHHbI, MexaHH3Ma): aBaplilSl . We
could see a breakdown when we went home. 0 Kor,o,a Mbi
eXaIlliI JJ,OMOH, MbI BIiIJJ,el1l11 aBaplillO.
5 (v adv) nOTepneTb Hey,o,a-.y, npoBam1TbcA; YXYA-
waTbCSI, nowaTHyrbcA (B T.'i. 0 opoBbe); npeKpa-
IJ.I(ITbCSI, Ha.DJIOMIiITbCSI . His attempt to win a fight
broke down. 0 Ero nOnblTKa BbllilrpaTb 60H npOBan-
l1aCb.

.....
..
239
c breakdown
[n] HapyweHlile, HeYAaa; paccTpo£1cTBo (B T.'I. 3A0-
poBbR); yna,D,OK CliIll, Kpax . He is sufferring a nervous
breakdoK'n. () Y Hero HepBHoe paccTpo£1cTBo.
6 (v n adv. v adv) pa36Ii1BaTb, KllaCCIiI<f!IiIUIiIPOBaTbLfTO-ll.,
paCKJ1a,D,blBaTb; pa36li1BaTbCSI. KJ1aCcliI4/UIilPOBaTbCSI (no
KJIaccaM'" T.n.) . The results of the test can be broken
down (or: ...can break down) under four headings.
() Pe3YllbTaTbi IiIcnblTaHIiI£1 MOryr 6b1Tb npe.c.cTaBJ1eHbI B
eTbipex pa311ellax.
c breakdown
[n] pa3l10>KeHlile, pa360pICa (HB '1Bcrn). aHaJUt3. pa3-
6Ii1BKa. paClleHeHlile . This car needs a detailed break-
down of faults. 0 3Ta MaWIiIHa Tpe6yeT T1WlTellbHO
pa360PICIiIIiI npOBepKIiI.
break (sb/sth) up ["'MeeTal oj
1 (vadv, v n adv) pa361i1BaTb "TO-ll. Ha aCTIiI; pa3py-
waTbCSI, pa36Ii1BaTbCSI. pacna.c.aTbCSI Ha acTlil (0 MB-
W"'Hax. 06 06L1.leCTBe '" T.n.) . They brolu up but re-
mained friends. () OHIiI pa3OWllliICb, HO OCTaIlliICb IJPY-
3bSlMIiI. . U:e must break the task up into two parts. 
() Mbi AOllJKHbI pa361i1Tb 3TO 3a,D,aHlile Ha ABe ..aCTH. 
c break-up
[n) pacna,D" pa3Ba11, pa3pblB (MeJli;QY lWY3bRM"'. cy-
npyrBM"'), pa3pyweHlile. pa3ll0JKeHlile . The break-up
of their partnership was inevitable. 0 Pa3pblB W{ AellO-
BbiX CBSl3e 6b1ll He1il36eJKeH.
2 (v n adv) pac4/opMIilPOBbiBaTb TO-ll., pa3rOHRTb
1C0ro-ll./TO-ll. . The police had to break the meeting
up. 0 nOlllilUIiISI BblHyJKJJ,eHa 6b1lla pa30rHaTb MKT\ItHr.

240

I

3 (vadv, v n adv) npeKpa!4aTb CBOK> 1l1'1 "IbK>-1l. ,lJ,eSl-
Te1lbHOCTb; 3aKpblBaTbCSI, paCnYCKaTbCSl; 3aKpblBaTb,
paCnYCKaTb 'iTO-1l. . The King brolre up Parliament.
o KOp01lb pacnycTI'I1l nap1laMeHT. . Ollr school will
break up next week. 0 3aHSlTI'ISI B HaWe" WK01le npeKpa-
TSlTCSI Ha cJle,lJ,YK>w.e" HeAeJle.
D break-up
[nJ pocnyclC (napnaMeHTa), npeKpall!eHl'le. ,lJ,eSlTellb-
HOCTI'I (s 1.'1. 3aHRTUH S wKone) . Soon our school will
come to the break-up for the Easter holidays. 0 CKOPO
Hawa WK01la 3aKpoeTCSI Ha naCXaJlbHble KaHI'IKY1lbl.
41v n adv, v adv) BrE CI'IJlbHO paCCTpal'lBaTb, OrOp'iaTb
KorO-II.; paCCTpal'lBaTbCSI, orOp'iaTbCSI. She can break
up under this trouble. 0 ara Henpl'lSiTHOCTb MO)l(eT
Orop'iI'lTb ee. . Don't break them up with this news.
o He orop'ia" I'IX 3TO" HOBOCTbK>.
5 (, v adv) ArnE p83r. C1lbHO pa3BeCe1lI'lTbCSI;
p83BeCe1lI'lTb 1C0ro-lI. . When 1 told him about it he
broke up (or: ...1 brolred him up when telling him
about it). 0 Kor,lJ,3 R paCCKa3a1l eMY 06 3TOM, OH pac-
CMeR1lCSI.
_ bring sbl sth down
1 (v n adv) nO,lJ,CTpem1Tb KaKYK>-1l. nTl'ILlY, KaKoe-1l. )1(11-
BOTHoe; Y1l0)l(I'ITb, CBa1lI'lTb 1C0ro-1l./'iTO-1l.; C1l0MaTb
'!T0-1l. . Did you manage to bring down a partridge?
o Te6e Y,lJ,31l0Cb nO,lJ,6I'1Tb KYPonaTlcy? . If you play
rogby, try to bring down your opponent. 0 EC1l1'1 Tbll1r-
paeWb B perOl'l, cTapai:1cSI CBaJlTb CBoero npOTI1B-
HI'lKa.

241
2 () Bbl3BaTb 'Ie-I1. !<pax, nopIDKeHllle . At the
next vote, we must try to bring down this party. () Ha
cl1eAYlOl1.\IIIx Bbl60pax Mbi AOl1)1(Hbi nocTapaTbcSI npo-
BaJlIIITb 3Ty napTIilIO. :::::> come down, go down
3 (v.n adv) YMeHbwaTb 'ITO-n.; CHlII)I(aTb LleHbI, nOI<8-
3aTe11111111 T.n. . We waited until the shopkeeper brought
down prices. 0 Mbi *A8Jl1II .110 Tex nop, nOKa BI18AeneLl
Mara3111HB He CH1II311111 LleHbl. . At last our team brought
down the score. 0 HaKOHeLl-TO Hawa KOMaHAa COKpa-
TI111a pa3pblB B C'IeTe. :::::> be down, come down, send up
4 (v n adv) Ocap,IIITb, nOCTaBIIITb Ha MeCTO, YHIII3111Tb
KorO-I1.; AOBeCTIil KOro-11. .110 onpeAel1eHHoro COCTO-
SlHIIISI; nplilBOAIIITb B YHblHllle, paccTpalilBaTb Koro-n.
<'IRCTO C npeAllOrOM to}> . Drinking wine has brought my
uncle "down to delirium tremens. 0 8111HO AOBe110 MoerO
AflJJJO .110 6e110j;; rOpSl'lKIil. . He brings me down every-
where. 0 OH Be3Ae MeHSI YHIII)I(aeT.
5 (v n adv) HaBneKaTb (Ha Koro-n.) 6eAY, HenplllSiTHoCTb
III T.n. <'IaCTb C npeAnorOM on}> . By his words he can
bring down anger on himself. 0 CBOIIIMIil C110BaMIil OH
MO)l(eT HaBl1e'lb Ha ce6S1 rHeB.
6 (v n adv) nplllBe3TIII, AOCTaBIIITb KorO-I1. 1113 ropOAB B KIa
,nepeBHIO 11111111 C ceBepa Ha lOr . Manager brought the -.JIll
group of experts down to see the place of constructions.
o YnpaBllSIIOUlIllj;; ,nOCTaBIIII1 rpynny CneLlllla1llllCTOB 3a
roPOA, 'IT06b1 03HaICOMIIITbCSI C MeCTOM CTpOIliTenb-
CTBa. :::::> go up, come down
7 (v n adv) MaTeM. ,ne11BTb nepeHOC LlIll4>P nplll YMHO-
)l(eHIIIIII 11111111 CHOC nplll ,neneHIIIIII . Now bring the last
nought down and you '/I get answer. 0 A Tenepb CHeCIiiTe
noc11e,nHIII Hynb, III Bbl nOI1Y'lIiiTe OTBeT.

242
,
t

11m
· bring sb down to earth
(v n adv pr) 3aCTaBMTb 1C0ro-n. cnYCn1TbCSI C He(jec Ha
aeMnJO. BepHyrbCSI HeO)l(liI)J,aHHO K ,D.eiilCTBMTenbHOCT\.1
<OjacTo co C110BaMM with a bang/bump'» . This unexpected
report brought her down to earth with a bump. 0 3TO
Heo)l(M,D,aHHoe coof.ieHMe BepHyno ee CPa3Y C He(jec
Ha aeMniO.  come down to earth
· bring the house down
(!L.ll...adY) pS3r. Bbl3BaTb f.iYPHble annO,D.MCMeHTbI. "co-
TpSlcaTb CTeHbI" XOXOTOM . His joke brought the house
down. 0 Ero WyTKa Bbl3BaJ1a TalCoiil XOXOT, &jTO IDK CTeHbl
3a.o.pO)l(anM.
bring sb I sth up (v n adv) tl-1MeeTCR adj 1-1 inv]
1 BOCnMTblBaTb, pacTHTb . They adopted this boy mid
brought him up. 0 OHM YCblHOBMnM 3TOro Manb&jMlCa 101
BOCnMT3nM ero.
D brought-up
[adj] BocnMTaHHbliiI "'B OCHOBHOM B 4>opMe welt-brought-up
HnM badly-brought-up'» . Where else can one find such a
well-brought-up boy as YOllr son? 0 r,D.e ee MO)l(HO
HaiilTM TaKaro BocnlllTaHHoro Manb&jMKa, Kat< Baw CblH?
- upbringing
[n) BocnMTaHMe
2 nO,D.HMMaTb Bonpoc Mnlll TeMY (AnR o6CeHHR).
3aBeCTlil pa3roBop 0 &jeM-n. . After such a remark no-
body wanted to bring up anything else. 0 nocne TaKoro
3aMe&jaHMR HIilKTO HIII&jero He 3axoTen 60nbwe 06cyJk-
,D,aTb.  be up for debate/discussion, come up
3 npMBO,D.Io1Tb Koro-n..lI.OCTaBnRTb 1C0ro-n., npMBneKaTb _
1C0ro-n. (K cY.QY) . He was brought up to Irial for doing

243
such things. 0 Era npl<1BlleK1lI<1 K CYAY 38 TalCl<1e Ae11a.
4 BblpBaTb, CTOWHI<1Tb . What have you prepared? J am
going to bring all of that up. 0 'iTO TbI npl<1roTOBI<111a?
MeHR ceiil'lac CTOWHI<1T OT Bcero 3Toro. => come up,
throw up
bring sb I sth up against sb I sth
(v n adv pr) CTOllKHYTb KorO-ll. C KeM-ll./'IeM-ll.,
I<1CnOllb30BaTb KorO-ll./'ITO-ll. npOntB KorO-ll./'IerO-ll.
. Solving this problem we were brought up against dif-
ficulties. 0 PewaR 3T)' np0611eMY. MbI HaTOllKHYlll<1Cb Ha
TpYAHOCTI<1. . They can bring this mailer up against
you. 0 OHI<1 MOryr nOBepHYTb 3TO AellO npOTI<1B Te6R.
=:) come up against
bring sb I sth up to sth
(v n adv pr) nOAHI<1MaTb KorO-ll'/'ITO-ll., YBelll<1'1I<1BaTb,
AOBOAI<1Tb KorO-ll./'ITO-ll. AO onpeAelleHHoro YPOBHR
. We must bring our team up to scratch before this
game. 0 MbI AOll>KHbI AOBeCnt Hawy KOMaHAY AO OT-
I1I<1'1HOro COCTORHI<1R nepeA 3TOiil I<1rpoiil. . Bring me up
to date. please, on this subject. 0 6YAb Ao6p, 03HaICOMb
MeHR C nOClleAHI<1MI<1 AaHHblMI<1 no 3TOMY Bonpocy. => be m
up to date
brush sth down (v n adv) (HMeeTCJI n]
1 Bbl'lI<1U\8Tb 'ITO-ll. 3Heprl<1'1HblM ABI<1>KeHl<1eM eTKI<1
. Why can 't yu brush your coat down. there is much
fluff? 0 'iTO >Ke TbI He BbI'II<1CTI<1Wb CBoe nanbTO. Ha HeM
nOJlHO nyxa?
a brush-down
[n] 'II<1CTKa . What a good brush-down! 0 BOT 3TO 'II<1CTKa!

244
I

1&1
2 OT'u.lcnITb, oTpyraTb ICoro-n. (38 'ITO-n.), 38.Q,aTb KO-
My-n. ronosoMoiiiKy -(..aCTO C npeDJ10rOM for» . Don 'I
disturb him now. his mother has just brushed him down
for being late again for breakfast. 0 He Tporaiii era, OH
nonY'llitn xopowYIO s36yyKy OT MaTeplit 3a TO, '1TO OnSlTb
on03AM K 3aSTpaKy.  tell off
brush up sth
() [HMeelCR n] OCSe)l(aTb'lTO-n. (B naMRn,), soc-
CTaHOSI'ITb 3H8HlitSi 0 yeM-fl., y/1Y"lWIitTb 3HaHlitSi S'IeM-fl.
nosTOpHblM 1it3yyeHliteM . You'd better brush up YOItr
English, tomorrow you'll meet English friends. 0 TbI 6b1
IIY'1we ocse)l(litn CSOIit 3HaHlitSi S aHrnlitiiicKOM, 3aSTpa
npe.D,CTOIitT SCTpe'la C aHrnl'liiicKI'IMIit P,PY3bSlMI'I.  rub
up
- brushup
[n] nOBTOpeHlite (BblY'IeHHoro MaTepHBna) . Don 'I
worr) before my exam I'll do the brushup oflhal. 0 He
6ecnoKoiiicSI, nepe.D, 3K38MeHOM SI nosToplO :3T0.
build (sb/sth) up [HMeeTCfI n H inv]
1 (v 8dv) H8K8nlllitSaTbCSI, SblCTpaI'lSaTbCSI, cKonllSlTbCSI,
C03,D,aS8Tb npo6KI'I (0 nlO.QRX B O'lepe.QflX, 0 TpaHcnopre
Ha .Qoporax) . After 9 0 'clock traffic builds up here.
o noclle 9 '1acos 3.D,eCb C03,D,aeTCSI Tp8HcnopTHaSi
np06Ka.
- build-up
[n] 3aTOp, CKOnlleHlite . There is a good build-up of
people at our bUS-Slop. 0 Ha Haweiii OCTaHOSKe 1it3-
pSl.D,HOe CKOnlleHl'le Hapo.D,a.
2 (v n adv) 3aCTpalitS8Tb '1TO-I1., B03S0AlitTb 3.D,aHIitSl

245
rAe-II. «('iaCTO Passive . We are planning to build up
this district before Ne-.II Year. 0 MbI nl1aHloIpyeM 3B-
CTpOliITb 3TOT paiiiOH AO HOBOro roAa. . This area is
being built up before our eyes. 0 3Ta 11Jl0lWJAKB 3B-
CTPalolBaeTCSI Ha HawlolX rna3ax.
- upbulld
[vI BbICTP0I-ITb, nOCTp0I-ITb
3 (v n adv) YKpenl1S1Tb '1bE!-I1. 3AOPOBbE!, '!bioi-II. CI-II1b1
. A see-voyage will build up his health. 0 MopcKoe ny-
TeWeCTBl-le YKpeni-lT era 3AopOBbe.
4 () pa3r. BOCXBal1S1Tb Koro-I1./'1TO-I1. (nopolO
t5e30cHoa8TenbHo) . fie does not need to build me up.
o He'lero eMY MeHR paCXBanlolBaTb.
D build-up
[n] pelU1aMa, paCXBaJll-lBaHi-le . She was getting a fair
amount of publicity build-up. 0 OHa npI-I06peTana Bce
60l1bWe 06IUeCTBeHHoro OAo6peHi-lR.
build up (for 8th)
(v adv, v adv pr) [HMe8TCS1 n] nOAroTOBlilTbCR (K KaKOMy-
11. COpeBHOBaHl-lIO, ICOHKYPCY 101 T.n.) . Our team is build-
ing up now (for the international match). 0 Hawa KO-
MaHJ.\a ceiii'lac rOTOBIoITCSI (K Me*AYHapOAHOMY MaNY).
D build-up
[n] nOArOTOBKa. This was the serious build-up for the
international match. 0 3To 6b1l1a CepbE!3HaR nOAroToB-
Ka K Me*AYHapoAHOMY MaNY.
build 5th up (to 8th)
(v n adv, v n adv pr) [HMeeTcli n] HapalUI-IBaTb, Ha-
Kanl11o!BaTb '1TO-I1. (AO onpeAel1eHHoro YPOBHSI) . They
J
.

246
are building their forces up (to the needed scale). OOHI<1
HapaUUilBalOT Cl<1nbl AO He06xOAI1MblX MaCWTa6oB.
c build-up
[n] HaKOnneHl1e, HapaLLlI1BaHl1e, cocpeAOTO'feHl1e. We
could watch all unexpected build-up of clouds. 0 Mbi
Ha6nlOABmol HeO)KI1ABHHOe CKOnneHl1e "fY'I.
burn (sth) down
(v adv, v n adv) cropaTb Aoma, AoropaTb; C)Kl1raTb
'fTO-n. Aoma . The calldle burnt down. 0 CBe'fa AO-
ropena. . The peasants burnt down the country estates.
o KpecTbHe C>Kl1ranl1 nOMeLLlI<1'fbl1 YcaAb6b1.
burn (sth) up
 1 (v adv) pa3ropaTbC, BCnblXI1BaTb . Add some wood
 to the fire and it will burn up. 0 nOA6poCb HeMHoro
I APOB B ICOCTep. 11 OH pa3rOpI1Tc.
2 (v n adv) 1136aBnTbC OT 'fero-n., YHI1'fTO>KaTb 'fTO-n.
I C)Kl1raHl1eM . Now. burn this rubbish up and that sail.
lOA Tenepb CO)K1lII 3TOT xnaM, iii KOH'feHO C.3TI1M.
buy sth up
111m
(v n adv) cteynaTb 'fTO-n. (no B03MO)l(HOCTH Bee) . After
this decree people began to buy sugar up in sacks.
onocne 3Toro YKa3a nlOAIil Ha'fanl1 cteynaTb caxap
MeWKaMIil.
call (sb/sth) down [HMeeTCR n]
1 (v adv) ICpl1'faTb HaxoLLleMYc BHI13Y . Sudden(v he
called down alld his wife went to him upstairs. 0 BApyr
OH KplilKHyn BHI13. 11 ero )KeHa nOAHnaCb K HeMY.
2 (v n adv) n03BaTb 1C0ro-n. BHI13, npl1rnaCI1Tb Koro-n.

247
CnyCTI1TbCR BHI13 . It s time to call the children down
for dinner. () nopa 3BaTb .a.eTe" cnYCKaTbCR 06e,a,aTb.
3 (v n adv) ArnE P83r. CAeJlaTb KOMY-Jl. BbirOBOp; 0T'111-
TaTb, nOCTaBI1Tb 1C0ro-Jl. Ha MeCTO . Why is your son
speaking like that? Call him down, please. () nO'feMY
BaW CblH roBOpl1T TaKoe? nOCTaBbTe ero Ha M8CTO.
 tell off
c call-down
[n] BbiroBOp, HaroHR£1, ynpelC, YKOP . He needs a good
call-down for that. () EMy Ha,a,O ycrpOI1Tb XOPOWYIO nop-
try 3a 3TO.
call (sb I sth) Up [MMeeTCR n)
1 (v adv) ICpl1'faTb HaxO.D.S1U1eMY HaBepxy . Suddenly he
called up and his wife went to him downstairs. () B.a.pyr
OH KPI1KHYJl HaBepx, 11 ero )l(eHa cnycrn1laCb K HeMY.
2 (v n adv) n03BaTb 1C0rO-11. HaBepx: npl1rJJacl1Tb KO-
roan. no.a.HRTbCR HaBepx . It s time to call the children
up for bed. () nopa 3BaTb .a.eTe£1 no.a.HRTbCR B cnanbHIO.
3 (v n adv) 3BOHI1Tb 1C0My-n. I1nl1 Bbl3b1BaTb 1C0ro-n. no
TeJle$oHY . Don't call me up this evening. () He 3BOHI1
MHe CerO,IJ,HR Be'fepoM.  ring up
4 () BblBO.a.I1Tb I1H$opMaL4111O Ha .a.I1CnneM Ha-
60POM KOM8H.a.bI . Students can call up an on-line tuto-
rial. () CTY.a.eHTbI MOryr BbiBeCTI1 Ha .a.l1cnJle£1 06}"1alO-
UlYIO nporpaMMY.
5 (v n adv) np113b1BaTb KOrO-JI. Ha BOeHHYIO cny*6y . All
able-bodied men between the ages of 18 and 25 were
called up this month. () B 3TOM MeCRL4e Bce npl1rO,IJ,Hble
IC cJ1y*6e MYJK'fI1HbI B B03paCTe OT 18 .a.o 25 J1eT 6b1JlI1
npM3BaHbI B apMI1IO.
.

248
IW
o call-up
(nJ npl13h1B H8 BOOHH}'IO CJ1y*6y . G,W! Inf!. plf!ae. ,I,e
au,"mll cull-ul' plall. 0 JJ.SH MHe, OOJKal1yHCTa. nI1aH
oceHHero npH3bl88.
6 hl) npwnawaTb K8KYIO-n. 3HaMeHHTOCTb J1111'1
Y'48C1m1 B ICOM8HD.e . Th ) culled up a famolls player
for ,ok",/: part ;1/ a CI'p-';' 0 OltH npHrnaCHnH H3BecT-
Horo I1rpOK8 DJ1S! Y't8CTHS! B MaNe Ita KY6m:.
7 () 6YAi'lTb BocnoMI1HaHI1S! 0 'teM-n., HanOMI1-
HaTb 'tTo-n. . lIu ./O")' cullt'd up II,e days of ml' life
,hCT(!. 0 Ern paCCK83 Bbl388l1 BocnOMI1H8HI1R 0 J1HSIX
MooR Jl(H3HI1 TaM.  bril,g bad
8 (v n adv) esp SrE 6YJ1I1Tb Koro-n. . I am IUle becallte
nil' mother didn't cull me up. 0  On03J1a11. nOToMY 'tTO
MeHS! MaMa He pa36YJ111118.
cast sb I slh down (l1IdoorCR inv)
1 (v n 8dv) HanpaBnS!Tb 'tTo-n. Bltl13, 6pocaTb (o3rnRl1.
TeHb 11 T.n.) BHI13 . After Ihi qlle./IO'1 the 001' ca.<ol h,s
e)'c... dOM II frightelled(I'. 0 nocne 3Toro Bonpoca MaJ1b-
'ti-lK I1cnyraHHo onycmn rna3a.
- downcast
[n] onYCICSHl1e, c6pacblo8Hl1e; nOTynneHHblH B30p.
Me1l8HXOnl1'teclCl1i1 B3rnSI,Q
(adil onYLUeHHblH, C6POWCItlU>lM: nOTynneHHblH (0
I13fnswe)
2 () nOeeprBTb 1C0ro-n. B ytiblHl1e, yrltCTeltHe
..OO......HO Pass/WI; . 0011 'I gel Ca\1 Ilo,,"n 0 He Y'tbl-
eaRTe. . H. l(Joh ctJ!Jt do....n 0 OH BbirnflW-'''' nOJJ.aB-
neltltbiM.

249
- downcast
[adil no.v.aBneHHbI
cast (sth) up ("'MeeTCfI inv)
1 (v n adv) nOA6paCblBBTb To-n. BBepx, HanpaBns:tTb
':!To-n. BBepx. He cast his eyes up. 0 OH BCKHHyn (yc-
TpeMllln) CBO B3rns:t.n BBepx.
- upcast
[adil HanpaBneHHbI BBepx, 6poweHHblw BBepx
2 (v n adv) Bbl6pacblBaTb To-n. Ha Geper 0(06b1'1HO
Passive» . After a storm we saw a body which was cast
up on the shore. 0 nocne wTOpMa Mbi YBIllAenlll TenO,
KOTOpoe 6b1no Bbl6poweHO Ha 6eper.  wash up
3 (v n adv) HanOMIllHaTb 0 eM-n. Henpllls:tTHOM (KoMy-n.)
0(8031-.10)l(HO c nOCne.l\YlOll\HM npe.D,110rOM at» . Next week
he cast my mistakes up at me. 0 Ha cneAYIOej;\ HeAene
OH HanOMHllln MHe 0 MOIIIX OWIII6KaX.
4 (v n adv, v adv) ArnE pa3r. CTOWHIIITb, BbipBaTb . All
the morning J was casting up (all J ate). 0 Bce 3TO yrpo
MeHs:t pBa110 (OT Bcero, TO s:t en). => throw up
catch sb I sth up (v n adv)
1 nOAXBaTKTb lCoro-n./To-n.; nocneWHO B3SITb, CXBa- ..
TIIITb Koro-n./To-n. . She caught her child up in her
arms and ran out. 0 OHa CXBaTWIa CBoero pe6eHKa Ha
pylCl1l11 Bbl6e)Kana.
2 nplllnoAHSITb To-n., nOABeCl1Tb To-n., nOAKonOTb
'/To-n. (BOnocbI, 'IBCT'" o.llebI) . I caught up my socks
on the hook. 0 51 nOABeCl1n CBOIII HOCKIII Ha KpIO'tOK.
3 HarHaTb, AOrH8Tb Koro-n. . You go on ahead, I'll catch
you up later. 0 Bbll1J].l1Te .v.anbwe, s:t HaroHIO Bac n03)Ke.

11m
250
catch sth up (In sth)
1 (v n adv, v n adv pr) 3auenmo TO-I1. (eM-I1.),
3aXBaTl1Tb TO-l1. (eM-I1.); 3anyraTb'lTO-11. (B '1eM-/t)
. He caught his sleeve up in the barbed wire. 0 OH
3auem"'11 PYKaBOM 38 1C0moylO npoB01101C)l. t My fish-
ing line got caught up. 0 MOR l1eCKa 3aLlenllll1aCb.
2 (v n adv pr) C)blTb, OlCa38TbCR BOBl1e'leHHblM BO To-n.
("aUle nponfB Bom,,); 6b1Tb 3aXBa'leHHblM '1eM-l1. (Bon-
HOH. Te"eHHeM B npRMOM H nepeHOCHOM cMblcne,
H,QeeH H T.n.); 6b1Tb nOmOuteHHblM '1eM-l1., nOrPYJKeH-
HblM BO '1TO-I1. <OI5b1'1HO Passive'» . My name unexpect-
edly for me was caught up in a list of famous people.
o Heo)l(IIIA8HHO AIlR MeHR Moe IIIMR 0ICa3al10Cb B cnlllCKe
1113BeCTHblX 111O,neH. . He always seems caught up in his
idea. 0 Be'lHO OH KIDl(eT nOrPYJKeHHblM B CBOIO IIIAelO.
catch up (on sb/sth)
1 (v adv, v adv pr) H8BepcTaTb, HarHaTb '1TO-l1. ynYllIeH-
Hoe, He,no,nel1aHHoe . I have to catch up on something
before going home. 0 MHe nplll,neT AOAenaTb 1C00-'1TO
nepe,n TeM, KaIC nOHnl AOMOM.
2 (v adv pr) IIIATI1 B HOry C '1eM-l1., He OTCTaBaTb; CTaTb
IIIH4!opMlllpoBaHHblM 0 '1eM-l1. (0 nocne.QHHX HOBOCTflX,
o,Qene H T.n.). My daughter tries to catch up on new
fashion from abroad. 0 MOR AO'lb CTapaeT He OTCTaTb
OT 3arpaHIII'IHOM MOAbI.
3 (vadv pr) pa3r. nOBl1l11RTb Ha I<OrO-I1., Bbl3BaTb 1113Me-
HeHllle B 1C0M-I1./'1eM-I1., CI<a3aTbCR Ha '1eM-I1. (HB
B3rnR,Qax, o6pa3e )l(H3HH H T.n.) . What has caught up
on her so much? 0 TO Ha Hee TalC nOBl1I11R110?

251
catch up with sb
(v adv pr) pa3r. CXeaTI1Tb KorO-11., npl1el1elCaTb KorO-11. IC
CY.o.e6HO OTeeTCTBeHHOCTl1, OT,o,aeaTb KorO-11. nOA cy.o.
. The police at last callght up with that terrorist. 0 no-
1111L1I1R HaKOHeLl CXeaTl111a :noro TeppOpl1CTa.
change down
(vadv) [HMeen:1i nJ nepeXOIU1Tb Ha MeHbWYIO CICOpoCTb
. Now you arc to drive uphill, change down into sec-
ond. 0 CeLJac Te6e npeACTOI1T exaTb H8 nOAbeM, ne-
pexo.o.l1 Ha eTOpylO CKOpOCTb. :::) change up
D chsnge-down
[nJ CHI1>KeHlile CICOPOCTI1 . There was a change-down in
lhis part of his way. 0 Ha aTOM yLJaCTlCe ero"nyTl1 npo-
1130WI10 na,o,eHl1e CICOpoCTI1.
change up
(v adv) [HMBBTCIi nJ nepeXOAI1Tb Ha yee11I1LJeHHYIO
CKOPOCTb . Here you should change lip to second.
o 3AeCb Te6e c11eAyeT nepeK11IOLJI1Tb CKOpOCTb Ha
BTOPYIO. :::) change down
D chsng.up 
[nJ yee11Ii1LJeHlile CKOPOCTIiI . There was a change-lip in 
this part of his way. 0 Ha aTOM YLJaCTlCe ero nyTlil npo-
1130W110 yee11Ii1LJeHlile CKOpOCTIiI.
check (sb/sth) up (on sb/sth)
(vadv, v n adv, vadv pr) [HMeeTCII nj npoeepRTb KorO-11./
LJTO-11. (Ha LJTO-11.), ObiRCHRTb LJTO-11.; Y3HaeaTb, LJTO
co60i'! npe.o.CTaOI1ReT KTO-11. . Don't worry, the doctor
will just check you up. 0 He 6ecnoKoi'!cR, AOKTOP

252
TOnbKO OCMOTpliiT Te6R. . The police are checking up
on him. 0 nOnllll!.IIIR BbiRCHReT ero nlll'jHOCTb.
D check-up
[n] OCMOTp (MeJlUUUHcKU&!, TexHU'iecKu;;;), npOBepKa.
(COCTORHUR U T.n.), 1C0HTponb. You have to enter hospi-
tal for a check-up. 0 Te6e nplllAeTCR ne% B 60nbHIllu,y
Ha 06cneAOBaHlile.
cheer (sb) up
1 (v adv) nOBeceneTb, 060APIIITbCR, yrewlIITbCR . Cheer
up! YOII 'Il be soon better. 0 He YHblBaj.1! Te6e CICOpO
6YAeT ny'jwe.
2 (v n sdv) nOA6a,QpIllBaTb, BooAyweBJlRTb kOrO-Jl.,
060APRTb lCoro-n. . I think it is necessary to cheer him
up. 0 AYMalO, 'jTO ero Ha,QO nOA6o,QplllTb.
chop sth down (v n adv)
I 1 cpy6aTb 'jTO-Jl. . Please, chop this bush down. 06YAb
 A06p, cpy6111 :nOT ICYCT.
2 pa3r. «3apy6I11Tb» 'jbe-n. MHeHl<1e, peweHHe; pa3py-
WlIITb 'jTo-n. . The board chopped down the director's
 decision. 0 COBeT «gapy6Hn» peweHllle AlllpeKTOpa.
 chop 5th up
(v n adv) py6111Tb 'jTo-n. Ha t<yCkl1, WIIIHKOBaTb 'jTo-n.,
,nenl1Tb 'jTO-n. Ha 'jaCTI1 . I wOllld like you to chop the
meat up for me. 0 MHe Obi XOTenOCb, 'jTo6b1 Bbi Hapy-
611nl1 MHe MSICO.
clean sth down
(v n adv) C'jllltaaTb, y611paTb, OTMblBaTb 'jTo-n. nonHo-
CTblO, CBepxy AOHIII3Y . I have 10 clean. all my flat down

253
before our gIIests come 0 nepeA TeM KaK nplilAyr roCTlII,
MHe nplllAeTCS1 CAellaTb nOllHYIO y60PKY ICBaprIllPbl.
clean (5th) up [",MeeTal n]
1 (vadv, v n adv) y6111paTb '1TO-ll. (c nOlla, C 3eMll111 III
T.n.); y6l11paTbCS1, nplilBeCT1iI KaKllle-ll. AeSla, Be 11111111
KaKoe-n. MecTO B nopS1AOK .1 have to clean up (my flat)
before our guests come. 0 MHe H8,AO y6paTbcS1 (B Keap-
rnpe) npe)l(,l1e. '1eM roCTIII nplilAyr. => clear up
D clean-up
[n] '1I11CTKa, y60pKa . What have you done here? Five
minutes for a clean-up. 0 LiTO BbI 3AeCb H8,AenaJ1l11? AaIO
nS1Tb MIilHyr Ha y6oPKY.
2 (v adv, ) pa3r. nplilBeCTIil ce6S1 B nopS1AolC,
nOMblTbCSI, nepeOAeTbal . Look at yourself. Go home
to clean (yourself) up. 0 nOCMOTplil Ha ce6S1. C1ynaj;j
AOMOj;j III nepeoAeHbCS1.
D clean-up
[n] HaBeAeHllle-nOpS1AKa (e OAe)l(,l1e, BHeWHeM BIIIAe)
. Go home to have a clean-up. 0 C1Ynaj;j AOMOj;j III nplll-
BeAIil ce6S1 B nopS1AOK.
3 (v n adv) pa3r. ocBo6oAIIITb, O'lIilCTIIITb lCaKYIO-n. Tep- 
PIilTOplil1O OT He)l(ellaTenbHblX 3neMeHTOB . 1 think, this 
area of town was c1ealled up by the police. 0 ,l],YMalO,
'1TO e 3TOM paj;joHe nOllllllIIS1 Haeena nopS1AOK.
D clean-up
[n] (O)'1I11CTKa (ropo,o,a III T.n.) OT He)l(enaTenbHblX 31le-
MeHToe . You can't see street vendors here because the
police did a good clean-up here. 0 TbI He YBIIIAHWb
YJ1I11'1HblX ToprOBeB 3AeCb, TalC KaK nOllllllIIS1 npoBena
XOPOWYIO '1I11CTKY OT HIIIX.

254
.
4 (v adv, ) pa:Jr. ("'3PSlAHO) HaJK"'TbCSI . This fel-
low is able to clean up (a lot of money) from nothing.
<> STOT T"'n MO>KeT AeJ1aTb AeHbr'" "'3 HWiero.
D clean-up
[n] orpOMHaSl HaJK",sa, np",6b1J1b . They '/I make a good
clean-up 011 that. <> OH'" Ha 3TOM "'3pSI,D,H0 HaJK"'SYfCl'l.
clear (8th) up [MMeeTcR n]
1 (vadv, v n adv) np",6paTbCl'l. np",secT'" KaKllle-J1. BeUUl
S nopSl.D.OIC . Clear up this mess after the party. <> YC5e-
p"'Te rpSl3b nOCIle Se'lepIllHK"'. . Did you clear up be-
fore going Ollt? () A Sbl HaSeJ1'" nopSl,/J,olC nepeA YXOAOM?
=:> clean up
D clear-up
[n] y6opKa. HaSeAeHt-Ie nopRAlCa . Did you have a
clear-up before going out? <> A Sbi HaSeJ1'" nopSlAOK ne-
pe.D. YXO.D.OM?
2 (v n adv) SblSlCH"'Tb, npOSlCH"'Tb 'ITO-J1. (sonpoe. eM-
Tya"f1o M T.n.), paCCeSlTb COMHeH"'SI t-I T.n., paclCpblTb
Tai-iHY '" T.n. . I should clear up his position on this
question. () 51 .D.OlDKeH nOHSlTb ero n03"'"'10 S 3TOM
sonpoce.
3 (v adv) npOSlCH"'TbCSI, CTaTb SleHO (0 noro.Qe), npo-
C"'SlTb . I thought the weather would be bad but it had
cleared up before you came. () 51 .D.YMaI1a, '!TO norot1.8
6YAeT nJ1oxaSl, HO OHa npOSlCH"'l1aCb nepe.D. saW"'M nplll-
XOAOM. . Her face cleared up when she read the letter.
() Ee I1I11UO 3acseT"'110Cb, KorAa OHa 'I"'TaI1a n"'CbMO.
4 (v n adv) .D.O.D.el1aTb, 3aKOH'I"'Tb 'ITO-I1. . You have to
clear up the res! of the work by five 0 'clock. () Te6e
np"'AeTcSI 3aKOH'I"'Tb OCT8BWYlOCSI pa60l)' K 5 '1acaM.
I
,

......
255
climb down (sth) (HMeeTCR nj
1 (vadv, v pr) eneaaTb (e <tero-n.), enyclCaTbCSI (on<y-
.o,a-n.) . Who aI/owed you to climb a tree. climb down
(there) just now. 0 KTO n03Bonn Te6e 3a6paTbCSI H8
AepeBo, ceM<tae >Ke cne3aM (ony.o,a).
2 (v adv) np3H8Tb ow6KY, YCTynaTb, CABBaTbCSI,
CABBaTb n03LI . Why did you climb down without
any opposition? 0 nO<teMY Bbi YCTynll 6e3 K3KOrO 6b1
TO H 6b1no conpOTBlleHSI?
D climb-down
In] YCTynK3, CAB<ta n03l.(\.1M . This strike ended in a
climb-down on the part of the management. 0 3Ta 3a-
OaCTOBK3 3aICOH<tnaCb YCT'{nKOM co CTOpOHbI 8AMH-
CTpal.(\.1.
close (sth) down
(vadv, v n adv) [HM66TCJI n] 38KpblBaTb n OCTaHaB-
llBaTb npeAnPSlTe, Y'lpe>K,D.eHe; 38KpblTbCSI; npe-
l<paTTb paooTy . In such awfUl conditions we have to
close down (our pianO. 0 B TaKI-IX y>II:aCHbiX ycnOBSlX
Mbi BblHy>l(AeHbI 38KpblTbCSI (HIIH: ...38KpbITb Haw 3a-
BOA). :::::> shill down
D close-down
In] npeKpall\eHe pa60Tbi (npeAnpSlTHSI, y<tpe>K,D.e-
HHSI) . The commission has ordered the close-down of
our mint;. 0 KOMeCHSI BblHeena peweHHe 0 38l<pblTHH
HaweM WaxTbi.
..
close (sth) up [HMeeTCSl nj
1 (v adv) aaTRrHBaTbCSI, 38l<pblBaTbCSI (0 paHe, 0 Be-
TaX. neneCTKax) . These flowers close up at night. 0 3TH

256
-
UBeTbi 38KpblBaIOTC C HaCTYnl1eHeM TeMHOTbi.
2 (v adv, v n adv) 3aKpblTb, 3a1C0110TTb "TO-I1. (OKHO.
.lIBepl'f); 3aKpblTbCS! t He closes up Ihe rooms, who is
last to leave the office. () 3aKpblBaeT KOMH8Tb1 TOT, KTO
YXOIJ.IIIT 3 OQ>l'Ica nOCl1eAHM. t Sorry. we should close
up for an hour. () 1i\3Bli\Hli\Te, Mbi AOI1>KHbI 3aJ<pblTbCR Ha
..ac. => shut up
D close-up
[nj KpynHbI nllaH (B KHHO, TeneBHAeHI'fl'f. cPom) <npo-
HC)(OL\lllT He OT rnarona to close [klouzl, HO OT Hape'lHSI close
Iklousl - 6nH3KO}> . Take, please, a close-up (pholo-
graph) of me. () CQ>oTOrpaQ>I'IPY MeH, nO>K8J1ycTa.
KpynHblM nllaHOM.
come down (v adv) (HMeeTCR n]
1 pywTbC. BaJ1HTbC t Don 'I sil down on Ihis chair. it
can at once come down. () He C8AIiICb Ha 3TOT cl)'Il, OH
MO>KeT Cpa3Y pa3BaJ1TbCR. => take down
2 YMeHbwaTbC. CHIiI>K8TbC. n8AaTb (0 LjeHax, pacxo-
.lIax) t Nexl month I hope Ihe rent will come down.
() H8AelOcb, B cllellYIOeM Mecue apeHAHa nllaTa
CHIiI3Ii1TC. => be down. bring down. go down
3 npT K peWeHl'llO, pew..,TbC Ha KaKOe-ll. AecTB"'e
(06b1'1HO nocne onpe.lleneHHoro BpeMeHI'f, Kone6aHHM
H T.n.) t The COllrl came down in favour of our firm.
() CYA pewWl AellO B nOIlb3Y Hawe Q>I'IPMbI.
4 npe3Jl(aTb 3 CTOlll'IUbi Ha nepQ>ep",IO, 1'13 YHI'IBep-
CI'ITeT8 AOMO, 3 ueHTpa Ha OKpal'lHY . Every year my
sisler comes down at Ero'ler (from Moscow) 10 the vil-
lage. () KaJKAbI rOll MOS! ceCTpa ye3>KaeT Ha nacxy (1013
MOCKBbI) B AepeBHIO. => bring down, go up

257
5 nepexoAIo1Tb no Tpa.a.Io1Io1Io1, no HacneAcTBY (06b1'iHO
OT nOKoneHUSI K nOKoneHulO) . The custom has come
down to us from our ancestors. () 3TOT o6b1'1ai'i nepewen
K HaM OT Hawlo1X npeAKoB.
6 nOTepslTb npecTI1)1(, nOnO)l(eHlo1e (couuanbHoe U r.n.);
nOTepneTb KPax, YHIo1)1(eHlo1e; onycT\IITbCSl ..q:'IBCTO ",cnonb-
3yeTCR co cnOB8M'" in the world» . He has come down to
begging. () OH TalC onYCT\IIncSi (OH Aowel1 AO Toro), 'I TO
CTaJ1 npoCIo1Tb MIo1110CTblHIO. . Poor uncle had come
down in the world since his bllsiness failed. () 6eAHbli'i
AS'lASI COBceM onYCTI1ncl'I nOCl1e Toro, IC8K ero 6\113HeC
npOBal1lo111CS'I. ::) bring down, go down
o come-down
In) pa3r. nOTepl'l npeCTI1)1(a, CO\IIaJ1bHOro n0110)l(eH\III'I;
Kpax, YH\II)I(eH\IIe; pa30'fapOBaH\IIe ..q:'IaCTO co CnOBaMI'I
rather 8, 8 bit of a, B ternble, an awful, e dreadful'" . Having
a work as a clerk is a bit of a come-down after running
her own business. () nOCJ1e npeAnp\llH\IIMaTeJ1bCKoi'i
Ael'lTel1bHOCT\II pa60Ta B lC8'feCTBe cJ1y)l(autei'i HeMHoro
pa30'fapOBbiBaeT. . What a come-down! () KaKoe YHIo1-
)l(eH\IIe! (unu; KalCoe pa30'fapoBaH\IIe!)
come down on sb I sth (v adv pr) pa3r. ..
1 6paHIo1Tb KOrO-J1., Ha6poCIo1TbCI'I Ha KOro-I1.; nOTpe-
60BaTb TBepAO OT Koro-n. . He came down on the boy
for his carelessness. () OH OTpyral1 Manb'f\llKa 38
He6pe)l(HOCTb. . Mother came down on me to clean my
room. () MaTb Ha6poCIo1naCb Ha MeHl'I, Tpe6yS'l, 'fT06b1 1'1
nOAMel1 B KOMHaTe.
2 BHe3anHO Han8A3Tb Ha KorO-I1., aTaKOBaTb Koro-I1./
'nO-I1. . The enemy came down on the town yesterday
9 B. f. CTOJUIP

258
evening. () Spar B'Iep8 Be'lepOM Hanan Ha ropOA.
come down to 5th (v adv pr)
1 CBOA"'TbCSI K '1eMY-I1., 03H8'18Tb'lTO-I1. . The whole
problem comes dow" to this. () BeCb Bonpoc CBOA"'TCS'I K
ClIeAYlOlgeMY. :::;) boil down (to)
2 pa3r. onYCTI'ITbCSI AO '1ero-I1. YHIi131i1TellbHOro, .nO£iT'"
AO KaKOro-I1. XYAwero cOCTOSlHIi1S1.1 never thought she
would come dow" to asking my advice. () Hli1lCorlJ,a He
AYMan, '1TO OHa CHIi130iitAeT AO Toro, '1TO CT8HeT co
MHOi'i COBeTOBaTbCSI.
· come down to earth
(v 8dv pr) pS3r. BepHYTbCSI K Aei'icTBIi1TellbHOCT....
cnYCTIi1TbCSI C He6ec H8 3eMI11O . 1 know one day she '/I
come dow" to earth. () St 3HalO, npli1AeT AeHb Ii1 ee rnaaa
paCKpOIOTCSI. :::;) bri"g dow" to earth
come down with 5th
(vadv pr) AmE3a6oI1eTb '1eM-I1. . Jane has come dow"
with a bad cold. () AJt<ei'iH CBallli1I18Cb OT CIi1I1bHOiit
npOCTyAbI.  go down with
l1li:1 come up (v adv) [uMeeTCR inv]
1 npli1e3>KaTb B CTOI1Ii1L4Y, B YHIi1BepCIi1TeT; np"'e3JKaTb c
OKpa"'Hbl B roPOA l>lIIIi1 C nepl>l<t>ep"'li1 B L4eHTp . They
came up to London a week ago. () OHIi1 npli1exaJ11i1 B nOH-
AOH HeAeI110 TOMY H8aan.. :::;) be up, get dow", go up
- upcoming
[8dj] nOlJ,alOlgli1iit H8D.e>K.D,bI, MHoro06eU¥3lOlg"'W, nep-
CneKTIi1BHbli'i (0 '1enOBeKe)
2 BCXOA"'Tb, npopacT8Tb (0 paCTeHUflx) . All the field
was planted with wheat, bIll only part of it has come up.

259
o Bce nOlle 6btll0 3aceAHO nWeHI-ILteJii, HO TOllbKO aCTb
ee B30Wlla.
3 B03Hl-lKaTb. CIlY4aT, BcnllblB8Tb (0 Bonpoce, I'IMe-
H"'. TeMe", T.n.) . This question has /lever come up yet.
o 3TOT Bonpoc ew.e HI-IKOrA8 He B03Hl-lKaIl. => be up for
debate/discussion. bring up
4 npeACTOATb. O>KI>1A8TbCA "'Continuous}> . What is the
event cOlI)ing up here? 0 'iTO 3b1 C06b1Tl-le npeACTOI-IT
3Aecb?
- upcoming
[adj] HaCTynalOw.Io1Jii. npeACTOAW.I>1
5 I-ICTOprHyrbCA (B B"",e PBOTbI, OTPblJKKH) . What have
you prepared? Everything I ate ha:r come up. 0 'iTO TbI
npl-lroTOBl-Illa? MeHA BblpBallO OT Bcero. -'4TO B. noe11.
=> bring up
6 BblL-!rpaTb (B nOTepee, TOTanH3BTOpe H 1:0.) . I came
up in this competition. 051 Bbll-lrpan B 3TOM KOHK}'pce.
7 BOCXOAl'lTb, nOAHI-IMaTbCA (0 conHLle, nYHe. 3Be3,lJBX,
paccBeTe) . I'd like to watch the sun coming up. 05l6b1
XOTell Ha61l1OA8Tb BOCXOA COIlHLt8. => go down
come up against sb I sth
(vadv pr) HaTollKHyrbCA Ha KorO-11./TO-11., CTOIlKHyrb- I1iI
CA C KeM-11./LfeM-11. . Our idea has come up against
some obstacles. 0 Hawa 3aAYMKa HaT011KHYllaCb Ha He-
ICOTOpble npenATCTBL-!A. => bring up against
come up for sth
(v adv pr) BblCT8BIlATbCA H8 npoA8>KY. H8 06C)'>KAeHl-le,
BbIABl-lr8TbCA B K8HAI>1A8TbI . Some of my colleagues
will come up for election next year. 0 HeKoropble MOL-!
9'

260
K011J1erlil 6yJJ,YT BblJJ,BIIIHYTbI KaHJJ,IIIJJ.<iTaMIil Ha Bbl60Pbl B
CJ1eJJ,YIOeM roJJ,Y. =:) be up for, put up
come up to sb I sth (v adv pr) (uMeeTcR inv]
1 nOAXOJJ,IIITb, nplllt5IlIll)l(aTbC K KOMY-J1.j'leMY-Il. . Who
is coming up to him? 0 KTO :310 IC HeMY nOAXoJJ,IIIT? ::::) go
up
2 JJ,OCTIII'Ib onpeJJ,eJ1eHHOrO YPOBH, nOJJ.HTbC51, YBem1-
'1I11TbC51 JJ,O He06xoJJ,IIIMOM BeJ1I11'1I11Hbl; paBHTbC, COOT-
BeTCTBOBaTb'leMY-J1. . Our team I hope come up to
scratch before this game. 0 Ha,n,elOcb, Hawa KOMaHAa
nplllJJ,eT IC OTllIII'lHOMY COCTOHIllIO nepeJJ, :310M IIIrpoi1.
=:) be up to, get up to
- upcome
[n] pe3YJ1bTaT
come up with sb I sth
(vadv pr) HarOHSlTb, HacrnraTb KOro-J1./'1TO-J1. . Let's
go slowly so that the children may come up with us.
o noi1JJ,eM MeJJ.f1eHHee, '1T06b1 JJ,eTIil M0r11111 JJ,orHaTb Hac.
cook sth up
-
(v n adv) p83r. BblJJ,YMaTb, CO'lIllHIIITb KaKYIO-J1. IIICTOPI1IO
('1acTO B cneWKe); COCTpnaTb KaKoi1-Il. paCCKaa
. Every day. being late, he cooks up some excuse.
o K3JK,IJ,blM JJ,eHb OH, Ona3JJ.blBa, CO'lI1HeT KaKOe-HI-1-
6yJJ.b onpaBJJ,aHlile.
cool (sb) down
(v adv, v n adv) ycnOKOI1TbC, OCTblBaTb, YTIXOMIllP"Tb-
C, CTaTb XIla,n,HOKpOBHbIM; ycnoKalliBaTb, yrI1XOMI1PI-1-
BaTb KOrO-Il., 3aCTaBIIITb 1C0ro-J1. ycnolCoIIITbC; yro-

261
Bapli1BaTb KOro-J1. He CepAIi1TbCSI 1i1J11i1 He BOJ1HOBaTbCSI
. It's no use arguing with him till he has cooled down.
o 6eCn0J1e3HO CnOpli1Tb C HIi1M. nOKa OH He ycnOKOIi1TCSI.
. Give her some mone)' and it '/I help to cool her down.
o Aalii elii HeMHoro AeHer, Ii1 3TO nOMO)l(eT yTli1XOMli1pli1Tb
ee.  cool off
count (5th) down
(vadv, v n adv) [uMeeTC!! n] CIi1TaTb Ii1CJ1a B 06paTHoM
nOpSl,ll.Ke (npu 38nYCKe, B3pblBe U T.n.). np0li13BOAIIITb
06paTHbliii ceT nepeA nYCKOM lCaKOrO-J1. 06beKTa
. Just before launching they are counting (the space-
ship) down. 0 nepeA caMbiM aanYCKOM (KoCMIi1ecKoro
Kopa6J1S1) OHIII HaIi1HaIOT npen.cTapToBbliii 06paTHbliii
C'IeT.
" count-down
[nJ OTceT B 06P3THOM nopSiAKe; OTceT BpeMeHIi1
nepeA CTapTOM, nyCICOM . I think something is going
wrong with the .rocket's count-down. 0 AYMaeTCSI, TO-
TO HeJ13AHOe npOIllCXOAIi1T C npen.CTapTOBbiM OTCeTOM
paKeTbi.
[nJ KPIIITIi1eCKllliii, p.ewalO\Ullli1 MOMeHT; MOMeHT 1i1J11i1
nepli1on. BpeMeHIi1 HenocpeACTBeHHO nepeA B3JKHblM
Co6blTilleM . The count-down is getting nearer. 0 npli1-
6J1Ii1)1(aeTCSI pewalO\Uli1i1 MOMeHT.
count 5th up (v n adv)
1 CIi1TaTb, nOACIi1TblBaTb 'ITO-J1. B npSlMoM HanpaBJ1e-
HIllIi1; CK113AblBaTb ""'18CTO C HCn0I1b30B8HHeM npe.ll.l10rOB
from ... to» . Try to count up the number of pupils who
came first lime. 0 nocTapaliicSi nOACIi1TaTb Ii1CJ10
Y'ieHIi1KOB, 1C0Topble npli1WJlIi1 nepBbllii pa3.
.

C"'-
262
2 (YMeTb) CVlTaTb Vlcna no nopS1AKY B onpeAeneHHblx
npeAenax . Every time you fee/like having a quarrel
with somebody. count up to twenty before speaking. 0
K8>KAbli1 pa3, 'lYBCTBYS1. TO BOT-BOT noccopVlWbCS1 C
KeM-TO. c"1Tai1 .0.0 JJ,B8,/J,LlaTVI, npe>K,O.e eM roBOpHTb.
cover sb/sth up (v n adv) = cover over I up
cover (sth) up (for sb)
(v adv, v adv pr, v n adv) ("'MeeTCR n] YMeno M8CKIoI-
pOBaTbCS1 (no.ll nwmHO,;{ Kom-n.); nOKpblBaTb, Bblropa-
>KHBaTb Koro-n.; CKpblBaTb To-n. (CTbl.ll. CMYUleHue. .lIO-
caqy. '-/yBCTBa u T.n.); nOAMeHS1Tb, BblpyaTb (Koro-n.)
. Please. cover lip (for me). if I am late tomorro"t
() 6YAb Ao6p. BblPYVI MeHS1. ecnVl S1 3aBTpa on03JJ,alO.
. J had to cover my mistake up. () MHe npVlWflOCb
CKpblTb CBOIO oWVl6KY.
D cover-up
(n] YKpblBaTenbCTBO, COKpbITiole (npOCT}lTJKa. npecTy-
nneHUR U T.n.); H8,/J,YMaHHbli1 npe.Qllor; MaCKVlpOBKa
. All you told me is a big cover-up. I suspect. 0 no-
 . JJ,03peBalO, TO Bce, TO Tbi MHe paCCKa3an. eCTb
.... cnnOWHaS1 BblJJ,YMKa (",nu: ...eCTb cnnOWHoe BpaHbe).
crack down (on sb / sth)
(v adv. v adv pr) ("'MeeTcR 0] pa3r. 06PYWVlTbCSI. Ha-
6pOCHTbCS1 (Ha Koro-n.); npVlHVlMaTb KPYTble Mepbl
(npOTVlB 1C0ro-n./ero-n.); "3aKPY'lVIBaTb rai1KH", Ha-
KJl8,/J,blBaTb 3anpeT Ha To-n.; npeceKaTb To-n. . The
governme/!t decided to crack down (on .tude;,ts) hard
qfter such Cl petition. 0 nOcne TaKoi1 neTVlLlVIVI npaBHTenb-
CTBO peWW10 npVlHSlTb Kpyn.le Mepbl npOTl1B cl)'AeHToB.

263
c crack-clown
In] ICpyTble Mepbl, «38Kpy-lIllBaHllle raeK", ArnE pa3rpOM
(nporpeCCMBHblX opraHM3aMW M T.n.), nOA8BneHllle
(npOTeCTOB), pa3roH (AeMOHCTpaMW) . They are plan-
ning a crack-down on criminals. 0 OHIII rOTOBSlT Ha-
CT)'nneHllle Ha npeCT)'nHble ::lneMeHTbI.
crack (sth) up [MMeeTcR n}
1 (v adv) pa3r. pacnclllxoB8TbCSI, nOny-llllTb HepBHbI
CpblB; cnSlTloITb . One can crack up after such a greal
grief 0 MO)KHO CBIIIXHyrbCSI OT TaKoro 6onbworo ropSl.
c crack-up
In] nOMewaTenbCTBO; pe3KIIII7J yn8AOIC <1>1II3111'jecKlllx III
YMCTBeHHblX cllln; rny60KaSl AenpeCCIIISI; YMonOMpa-
'jeHllle . People gossip about his crack-up. 0 lllOAlil
cnneTHIII'jalOT 0 era nOMewaTenbCTBe.
2 (v adv, v n adv) pa3r. pa36111B8TbCSI (&L/Pe6e3rM),
pa3pywaTbcSI; nOTepneTb aBapllllO; pa3PYWIIITb, pa3-
6111Tb 'fTo-n. (caMoneT, MaWMHY M r.n.) . The plane
cracked up because of an.engine failure. 0 CaMoneT
nOTepnen aBaplil10 1113-38 OTKa3a ABlllraTenSl. . When did
he crack his car up? 0 KorA8 OH nOMSln CBOIO MaWIIIHY? ...,
c .
(n] aBaplllSl (MaWMHbI, C8MoneTa u r.n.); Kpax (opra-
HM3aMM) . The crack-up of thai plant seemed 10 be un-
real. 0 Ka38JlOCb, 'jTO ICpax 3TOro 3aBOA8 Hepeaneli.
3 (v adv) pa3r. nonaTbCSI OT CMexa, CMeSlTbCSI AO yn8AY
. What was the reason you had cracked up? 0 Or>Iero
Bbi paccMeSlnlllcb?
crash down
(v adv) nBAaTb WYMHO, C rpOXOTOM . The dishes

264
I
11m
crashed down to the floor. 0 nocy,o,a c rpOXOTOM ynarta
Ha nOI1.
cry sth down (v n adv) PS3r.
1 YMaJlS!Tb, npeYMeHbwaTb 'HO-I1. (3HB'IeHue. 11.0CTO-
UHCTBO. 11.0CTU)/(eHUe U T.n.) . He cries .down the
progress this firm has achieved. 0 OH HeAOOl.\eHHBaeT
TOT nporpecc. KOTOpOro AOCTHma aTa Q>HpMa.
2 OCyJkAaTb 'fTO-n. . I won 'tletthem cry down my idea.
o 51 He n03B0l11O 101M OCy)I(J1aTb MOIO I1AelO.
cut (sth) down [uMeeTCR n]
1 (v n adv) cpy6aTb, BaJ1HTb 'fTO-I1. (AepeSbJl U T.n.)
. He tried to cut down the harmfill insects. 0 OH CTa-
pancS! HCTpe6mITb BpeAHblX HaceKOMbiX.
2 (v n adv) CXPHI./. y611BaTb, cpa3HTb KOro-I1.. He tried to
cut down the harmful insects. 0 OH CTapancSI I1cTpe6-
I1S1Tb speAHblX HaceKOMbIX.
3 (v adv, v n adv) cOlCpaU¥lTb, ype3b1BaTb nOTpe5l1eHHe
'fero-I1., paCXOAbl Ha 'fTO-I1. .1 am trying to cut down
011 cigarettes, 0 51 CTapalOCb MeHbwe KypI1Tb. . To live
here we have to cut ollr expenses down. 0 LfT06b1 npo-
>KI1Tb 3AeCb, HaM npHXOAHTCS! ype3aTb CBOH paCXOAbi.
D cutdown
(n] COKPaeHHe. ype3b1BaHHe (paCXOJlOB) . To live
here we have to start fivm a cutdown ill spellding.
o LfT06b1 npO>KHTb 3AeCb, HaM npl1XOAHTCSI Ha'faTb C
COKpaeHHS! pacxoAoB.
4 (v n adv) COKpalW3Tb pa3Mep HanHcaHHoro . Several
times they cut down my article alld as a result - ollly
olle pag 0 HeCKOl1bKO pa3 OH COKpaU¥lI1H MOlD
CTaTblO, 101 B pe3Yl!bTaTe - TOl1bKO OAHa CTpaHHl(a.

265-
5 (v n adv) BbiToprOBblBaTb Y KorO-ll., y6eAIoITb KorO-ll.
CHa.13a.1Tb ueHY. We managed to cuI him down by 5 thou-
sands roubles. 0 HaM y.o,anOCb BbiTOproBaTb 5 TblCSI'i
py6lle.
· cut sb I sth down to size
(v n adv pr) pS3r nOCTaBa.1Tb KOro-ll. Ha MecTO; npa.1-
YMeHbWa.1Tb, YMaJ1a.1Tb Ca.1ny 'iero-n., 3Ha'ieHa.1e 'ierO-ll.
. She cut him down to size. 0 OHa c6a.1na C Hero cneCb.
. I am afraid) ou shouldn 'I cullhis mailer down 10 siu.
o 60lOCb, Te6e He cneAyeT npeYMeHbwaTb 3H8'ieHa.1e
3TOro Aena.
cut (sb I sth) Up [UMeeTCR n]
1 (v adv, .v n adv) paape38Tb, pa3py6aTb 'iTO-ll. Ha
KYCKa.1; pa3pe38TbCSI . What aboUl cuning-up a lurkey
for dinner? 0 A He Hape3aTb na.1 IC olSeAY a.1HAeKY?
. This wood culs up hard. iI's damp. 0 3TO AepeBO na.1-
nIolTC TPYAHO, OHO - cblpoe.
2 (v n adv) pS3r. nOpaHa.1Tb lCoro-n., nOpe38Tb KOro-ll. (8
pa3HbJX MeCTax) . Who cuI him up so badly? 0 KTO ero
TaK Ca.1llbHO nope3an?
3 (v n adv) pa3r. npa.1'ia.1HTb KOMy-n. CTP8A8H"', ......
OrOp'i8Tb 1C0ro-n., paCCTpaa.1BaTb Koro-n. «'iSCTO":'
PassIVe). . He was badv cuI up by his son's dealh.
o CMepTb CblHa ISbJlla A/l Hero CTpaWHblM YA8POM.
4 (v n adv) pS3r. pa31Sa.1BaTb Koro-n., YHwHo)l(aTb KO-
ro-n./'iTO-n. They cut lhe enemy up in lhe bailie. OOHa.1
pa36a.1na.1 spara B 3TO 6a.1TBe.
5 (v adv) AmE PS3r. WYTa.1Tb, pa3blrpblBaTb AypaKa,
4>lIIrnpHWjaTb . I wonder who is cuning up. here?
o HHTepecHo, !<TO 3TO BaneT AypaKa Mecb?

266
D cut-up
[nJ <!>MrnS'lp, WyrHMIC . What is this cut-up talking
about? 0 0 'IeM 3TOT Aypa'loK T011KYeT?
6 (v adv) pa3r: OCTaBMTb KaKOe-11. HaC11eACTBO 'IaCTo c
npeAJ10rOM for'» . Has he cuI up for any money? 0 OH OC-
TaBMn KaKOe-HM6YAb HacneAcTBO?
· cut up rough
(v adv) p83r: CKaH):\aJIMTb, 6e306pa3HM<jaTb, XY11MraH,,"b
. When my father hears that you 've done it. he will cuI
up rough. 0 Mo OTe 6YAeT pyraTbCS'I, KOrAa YCJlblW\IIT,
<jTO Tbi 3TO CAeJlaJ1.
die down
(v adv) 3aT\IIXaTb, 3aM\IIpaTb, MC'le3aTb, ycnoka\llBaTbCs:I
. The storm died down. 0 6ypSl Y11ernaCb.
dig sth up
(v n adv) 06HapY>K\IIBaTb <jTO-Jl. TPYAHOAOCTynHoe,
cnpRTaHHoe; OTKanbiBaTb <jTO-Jl. (CBeAeHHR H T.n.)
. Where did you dig that information up? 0 rAe Tbi OT-
1C0nan 3Ty MH<!>0pMaUMIO?
I do sb I sth down
(v n adv) pa3r: roBOpMTb, CYAl1Tb n110XO 0 ICOM-Jl.; CTa-
paTbCR npMHVl3!.1Tb KorO-11./'ITO-11.; nOpO'lVlTb, nOHO-
C!.1Tb KorO-11./'ITO-I1. . I don 'tlike him, he can even do
his friends down, if he got the chance. 0 OH MHe He
HpaBVITCR, Tak Kak MO>KeT A8JKe APyra 3aJ10>KMTb, ecn...
npeACTaBMTCR cl1Y'lalii.  run down
do (sth) up [HMeeTCSl inv]
1 (v n adv) peMOHTMpOBaTb 'ITO-11.; nOAnpaB11S'1Tb,
d
d
p

,.C"
267
npl-1BOAI-1Tb B nopSlAOK 'ITO-n.; nO-HOBOMY 'ITO-n.
O<!>oPMI-1Tb . She is lale because again she s doing up
her face. 0 OHa OnB3,D,blBaeT, TalC KaK onSlTb nOAnYA-
pI-1BaeTCSI.
2 (v n adv) ynaKOBbiBaTb 'ITO-n.; 3aBepTbiBaTb, 3a-
BSl3blBaTb '1TO-n.; 3aCTerl-1BaTb 'ITO-n. . I must do up
some old clothes for clearance sale. () MHe H\f)KHO 3a-
BepHYTb KOe-KaK)lIO cTapylO OAeYtf.JJ.y A/lSl pacnpop,aJKl-1.
. She did her hair up in a knot on top of her head. OOHa
CBSl3ana CBOI-1 BonOCbI B Y3en Ha Bepxy ronoBbi.
- updo
In] BbiCOKaSl npl-1'1eCKa
3 (v adv) 3aCTerl-1BaTbCSI, 3aBSl3b1BaTbCR . This is a
dlY!ss Ihat does up at Ihe back. 0 BOT nJlBTbe, lCoTopoe
3aCTerI-1BaeTCSI C3a,Q,I-1.
drag sb down
(v n adv) Bbl3b1BaTb y Koro-n. cna60cTb . Such hOI
wealher drags her down. 0 OHa cna6eeT OT TaKoi1 )l(ap-
KOi1 noroAbl. => pull dOM'n
drag sb up (v n adv) pa3r.
1 BOCnl-1TbIBaTb Koro-n. nnoxo, Koe-KaK; n03BonSlTb"
KOMy-n. (AeTRM unu nO.Qone'lHblM) BeCTI-1 ce6S1 HeAI-1C-
41-1nnlllHlllpOBaHHO ""OOI>l'lHO Passive . II s not a bring-
ing up. Ihey alY! simply being dragged up anyhow. 03TO
COBceM He BocnlllTaHllle, OHIII npoCTO paClyT 6e3 nplll-
CMOTpa. -
2 BOpOWIIITb '1TO-n. ('1ae HenpURTHOe) 6e3 He06xo-
AIilMOCTI-1; BbiTaCKIilBaTb, H3BneKaTb '1TO-n. Ha CBeT
60)l(IIIi1 nO'leM 3pSl . What made you drag up the tIme he

268
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lEI
spent in prison? 0 '-ITO 3aCTaBIoI110 Te6A BCnOMIi\HaTb 0
BpeMeHt.1, npOBe.D.eHHOM t.1M B TlOpbMe?
draw sth down
1 (v n adv) cnYCKaTb, onYCKaTb TO-l1. (wrap)!, 3BHBeec
If T.n.) . Draw down the blinds, light is too bright. 0
OnycTiol WTOpbl - CBeT oeHb ApKIoIV,. => pull down
2 () HaBl1eKaTb TO-l1. Hexopowee (6eAY, 3110)
. If you go on talking like that, you '/I draw down my
anger. 0 ECJ1101 Tbl 6Y.D.eWb TaK roBOPlolTb 101 JJ.a11bwe, TbI
paCCep,!J,t.1Wb MeHA.
draw (sb/sth) up
1 (v adv, v n adv) OCT8HaBJ1101BaTbCA; OCTaHaBl1t.1BaTb
TO-J1. . A taxi drew up at the kerb. 0 TaKCIoI OCTaHO-
Bt.1110Cb Y Tpotyapa. . The driver drew the car up just
before me. 0 BO.D.IoITel1b OCTaHOBIoIl1 MaWt.1HY npAMO ne-
pe.D.O MHOI1. => pull up
2 (vadv, 'iI n adv) nO.D.O.ABiolraTb TO-l1., nplol611101>KaTb TO-
11.; nO.D.O.D.BIoIraTbCA, nplol611t.1>KaTbCA . Children were
asked to draw up to the table. 0 )J.eTel1 nonpOCIoIJ1t.1 no-
.D.O.D.Bt.1HYTbCA K CTOl1Y. . Please draw up the chair to the
table. 0 6Y.D.b .D.06p, nO.D.O.D.BIoIHb CtylllC CTOl1Y. => pull up
3 (v n adv) BblCTpali\BaTb KOro-ll./TO-l1. B O.D.HY
wepeHry, lllolHt.11O . The teacher drew liS up. 0 YIoITeJ1b
BblCTpot.111 Hac B O.D.HY llt.1HIoIIO.
4 (v n adv) COCTaBl1ATb TO-ll.; Ha6paCblBaTb npoeKT,
cxeMY ero-J1. . Why didn't your lawyer draw up the
contract? 0 nOeMY saw IOpt.1CT He COCTaBIoIl1 KOHTpaKT?
5 (y n adv) HaTAriolBaTb TO-ll. .lfyoll want to sleep well
draw the blanket up to your chin. 0 Xoewb xopowo
cnaTb - HaTRHt.1 0.D.eA110 .D.O nO.D.60pO.D.Ka.

269
6 (v n adv) nOAIU1MaTb '1TO-I1., nOTRHyrb'lTO-I1. (BBBpX)
. Draw up the blinds. / can't read. <> nOAHM WTOpbl
- R He MOry '1TaTb.
dream sth up
(v n adv) pa3r. BbiAYMbiBaTb. npAYMbiBaTb '1TO-n.;
Ha<t>aHTa3pOBaTb '1TO-n. . What a great idea he has
dreamt up! <> Kat<y1O 3aMe'laTenbHYIO AelO OH np-
AYMaJ1!
dress sb down
(v n adv) [HMeeTCR n] OT'lTblBaTb. pyraTb KorO-I1.; AB-
l1aTb KOMy-n. BbirOBOp . The teacher dressed his pupil
down for the bad behaviour. <> YLf!<lTBnb BbirOBapBan
CBoeMY YLfeHt<y 3a nnoxoe nOBeABHB.
D dressing-ctown
[n]BblroBop.HaroHR,roI10BOMOAKa,836YLflCa,TpenKa.
nym.tOBKa . Give him a good tlressing-down for that.
<> ,lJ,aj;j-Ka BMY XOPOWYIO B36YLft<y 3a 3TO.
dress (sb/sth) up [HMeeTC1l adj]
1 (vadv, v n adv) HapR>KaTb 1C0ro-n.; HapR>KaTbCR, PR-
AIIITbCR; nepeoAeBaTbCR . / must dress up before the .
concert. <> nepeA 1C0Hl.tepTOM R AOI1>KHa npoAeTbcR.
. They dressed her up splendidly. <> OH Haps1AHn!<l ee
BenlilKonenHO.  get up
D dress-up
[adj] nap8AHbI, 3BaHblA . Today we are going to a
dress-up party. <> CerOAHR Mbi !<IABM Ha 3BaHbliii Be'lep.
2 (v n adv) CAe11aTb '1TO-I1. 6011ee npBJleKaTel1bHblM;
nOAnpaBTb. nOAWn!<l<t>oBaTb '1TO-n. (TeKcT lot r.n.),
np'1eCaTb 'Ib!<l- 11. Mblcn . You should dress your argu-

270
I
lEI
ments up a little to make them understandable. () LlT06b1
TBOI1 apryMeHTbI (5b11111 nOHSITHbI, HMO I1X HeMHoro
"np'IeCaTb».
drink 5th down I off
(v n advrBblnl1Tb 'ITO-11. AO AHa, 06b1'1HO B OAI1H npl1eM
(3annOM; npeJ1,nOnaraeTCR 60nee 6b1CTpOe nl4Tbe, 'IeM
J1.IIR 3Ha'leHI4R drink up) . Drink your medicine down al
one draught. it '/I help you. () BbineH CBoe 11eKapCTBO
cpa3y, OAHI1M fJlOTKOM, 3TO Te6e nOMO>KeT.  drink up
drink (5th) up
(vadv, v n adv) Bblnl1Tb 'ITO-11. AO KOHu,a ('IaCTO B OJ1,I4H
npvreM, 3annoM); Aonlo1BaTb <[{..aCTO I1cnOI1b3yeTcR B no-
Bel1lo1Tel1bHOM H8K1l0HeHI1I11» . Drink your juice up. Jimmy.
or .1'011 won 'I go 0111 and play. () .llonlo1BaH CBOH COK,
.ll>KIo1MMIo1, 10111101 Tbi He nOHAeWb Ha YI1I1l\Y Io1rpaTb.
. Drink up, Ihen /"11 refill )'our glass. () ,Qonlo1BaH, 11 R
HaIlblO Te6e ew.e.  drink down/off
dry (5th) up [IilMeeTCR n]
1 (v adv, v n adv) BblCYWIo1Tb 'fr0-11. nOI1HocTblO; ne.
pecoxHyTb, BblCblxaTb . Ollr river has dried up. () Hawa
peKa nepecoXJ1a. . The soil of our garden was dried up
by droughl. () nO'lBa B HaweM cap,y Bblcoxna 1013-3a
3acyxlo1.
2 (v adv) Io1CTOUJ.BTbCSI, Io1CCRKHyTb . His income dried
up. () IIIcTo'lHIo1KIo1 era AOXOAOB Io1CCSlK/lIo1.
D drying up
In] Io1cTow.eHlo1e . This result indicllle.f a serious drying
up of his invellfi\leness. () STOT pe3Y11bTaT cnyJKlo1T nplo13-

,
271
HaKOM Cepbe3HOrO IIICTOl)!eHIolA ero 101306peTaTel1bHoi1
cnoco6HoCTlil.
3 (v adv) YMOl1lCHyrb, 3aMOnKHyrb . He dried up when
father looked up at him. OOH cpa3Y YMonK, KorA8 OTeLt
B3rnAHyn Ha Hero. . You told much enough. now dry up,
please. 0 Tbi HarOBopliln AOCTaTO'iHO, Tenepb 3aTKHIIICb,
nO>KaJlyi1CTa. => shut up
ease down
(v adv) c6aBnATb XOA, CKOpOCTb . You'd better ease
down here.O Te6e nY'lwe c()aBIIITb 3AeCb CICOpOCTb.
ease up (v adv)
1 nOTecHIIITbcR, nOABIo1HyrbCSI . Could you, please, ease
up a little. 0 nOABIIIHbTecb, nO>KanYHCTa, HeMHoro.
2 CTaHOBIo1TbCA MeHee Io1HTeHclIIBHblM, MeHee HanpR-
>KeHHblM-lo TpeH/I1pOBKax, pa60Te /11 r.n.), ocna6eBaTb
. The rain is easing up. 0 )).O>KAb aaTlllxaeT. => ease off
eat (sb/sth) up
1 (v adv, v n adv) eCTb ('iTO-n.) C anneTIilTOM, AoeA8Tb
('iTO-n.). My mother told me to eat up aI/the porridge
with milk. 0 MaMa Benena MHe AOeCTb BCIO KaWY C ..
MonOKOM. . Eat up. children! 0 )).eTIII, He OCTaBJlAHTe
HIo1'iero Ha TapenKe!
2 (v n adv) nOTpe6nATb; nO>KlllpaTb, cbeA8Tb 3Ha'ilo1-
TenbHYIO AOnlO 'iero-n. (3anacoB, Kpe,QHTa /11 r.n.) . The
flame ate up the forest. 0 OroHb nO>KlllpaI1 nec. . We
could" 't buy everything you asked, the road ate up a lot
of mOlley. 0 Mbi He CMornlil KynlllTb Bce, 'iTO Tbi npOCM
- Ha AOPOry ywno MHoro AeHer.
3 Iv n adv) pa3r. Oaa60'1101BaTb KOro-n., nornOIllB.Tb'ibe-n.

272
BHIIIMaHl<1e, CHeJJ,aTb, (jeCnOKOI<1Tb 1C0ro-n. . What is eat-
ing her up? 0 4TO ee f)ecnOKOI<1T?
4 (v n adv) pa3r. pa361<1Tb B nyx 1<1 npax KaKoro-l1.
onnoHeHTa; CbeJJ,aTb Koro-n. (.iIeucT8uSlMU wm eno-
8aMu) . My boss will elll me up, if he knows about it.
o ECl1l<1 Ha'iaJ1bHI<1K Y3HaeT 06 aTOM, OH >KI<1BOrO MeCTa
He OCTaBI<1T Ha MHe.
-
end up (v adv) pa3r.
1 CTaTb B I<1TOre, nplllo6peCTI<1 4>OPMY, 3aKOH'II<1Tb
('1eM-n.) .;lHHor.na c npeA/10raM.., as. by);> . He lived and
ended up as a bache/or. 0 OH >K1<1111<1 YMep X0110CTRKOM.
:::> finish up, wind up
2 OKa38TbCR cl1Y'IaHO (r,ae-n., '1BUlB noene HeC'IBCT-
Horo cnY'IBSI unu Henpa8unbHoro o6ps3a )/(U3HH)
<O:HHor.na c npeA/10raMH at, in, on);> . He'll end up in sober-
ing-up station if he goes on drinking. 0 OH KOH'i1llT
Bblrpe3BI<1Tel1eM, eCl1l-1 6YJJ,eT npo,ciol1>KaTb nl<1Tb. :::> fin-
ish up, land up
end (5th) up (with 5th)
(vadv, v adv pr, v n adv, v n adv pr) 38KOH'Imb 'ITO-l1.,
3aICOH'iI<1TbCR (KaICI<1M-l1. JJ,eCTBl<1eM 1<1111-1 pe3Yl1bTaToM),
JJ,061<1TbCR (KaKoro-l1. pe3ynbTaTa) . He ended up the
party with a funny story. 0 OH 3aKOH'I1-I11 Be'lepl<1HKY
aHeK,AOTOM. . What did the meeting end up with? 0 4eM
3aICOH'II<111CR MI<1TI<1Hr?
enter 5th up
(v n adv) <j>I<1KCl<1pOBaTb KaKl<1e-J1. JJ,aHHble, 38nI<1CblBaTb
'iTO-l1., BHOCI-ITb KaKI<1B-J1. JJ,aHHblB (8,a0KYMeHT) . Who
must enter up temperature today? 0 KTO JJ,Ol1>KeH
<j>I<1KCl<1pOBarb TeMneparypy cerOJJ,HSI?

'"'273
even up on sb
(vadv pr) ArnE pa3r. OTnnanlTb 1C0My-n., paCKBI1TaTbCR C
KeM-11., BepHyrb 'Ibe-n. pacnOnmKeHl1e . How are you
going to even up on him? 0 KaK Bbi co611paeTeCb pac-
KBI1TaTbCR C HI1M?
face up to sth .
(v adv pr) MeCT8eHHO. CMeno, AOCToi1HO npl1HRTb
I1nl1 BCTpeTI1Tb 'ITO-11., 6b1Tb rOTOBblM lC'IeMy-n. . I'm
sorry, but you have to face up to the truth. 0 CmKanelO,
HO Te6e npl1AeTCR npl1HRTb npaBAY TaKoi1, KaKasI OHa
eCTb.
fade sth up
(v n adv) nOCTeneHHO YCl1nl1BaTb 'ITO-11. (3SYK, ronoc H
r.n.) . / asked him to fade the music up. 051 nonpocl1n
era CAenaTb MY3b1t<y rpOM'Ie. ::::> fade in
fall down (v adv) [HMeeTcR inv]
1 na,o.aTb He'laRHHO (cKopee C HenpHRTHblMH no-
cne,QcTBHRMH) <r;{'18CTO C npe,Ql1oroM on . J have heard
somebody falling down. 0 51 cnblwan, KaK KTO-TO ynan. 
2 BaJ1I1TI>CR, PYWI1TbCR (0 aHHRX, coopy)/(eHHRx) . I __
am afraid this building will soon fall down. 0 60lOCb,
3TO 3JJ,aHl1e CKOpO pa3BaIlI1TCR.
3 PYWI1TbCR (0 nnaHax), He nOJ1Y'laTbCR, I1ATI1 WI1-
80pOT.Ha8b180pO nOTepneTb HeyJJ,a'l npoBanl1TbCR
. Don't fall down on this easy test. 0 He CnOTKHI1Cb Ha
3TOM nerKOM TeCTe. . Ollr plan fell down because of
lack of money. 0 Haw nnaH npOBaJ1l1nCR 113-38 HeAO-
CTaTKa AeHer. ::::> fall to the ground

274
- downfall
[n]naAeHMe,KPVweHMe,lCpax;rM6eb.pa30peHe
feed sb up (with sb/sth)
1 (v n adv) OTKapM11BaTb KorO-11., YCM11eHHO nTaTb
Koro-. . You must feed up the chi/d. 0 Bbi lI.OJ1JlCHbi
Xopowo KOpMMTb pe6eHKa.
2 (v n adv pr) pa3r. Ha.o,oeJJ,aTb. HaCKY'IMBaTb 1C0MY-11:,
npeCblTTb 1C0ro-. <IotCnOnb3yeTcfI PassIVe}> . 1 am fed
up with YOllr promises. 0 CblT no rop110 TBOMMM 000-
LUaHMRMM. ::) tire of
feel sb up
(v n adv) KacaTbCR l1M TporaTb lI.eBYWIC}' Mll )l(eHHY
C LteblO nOllY'feHMR ceKcyanbHblx OLUYl1.leHM . If you
feel her up. I'll box on your ear. 0 EC11 TblICOCHew
ee, R lI.aM Te6e B yxo.
feel up to sth
(v adv pr) pa3r. 6b1Tb B COCTORHM lI.eaTb 'ITO-11.,
'IYBCTBOBaTb ce6R cnoco6HblM COBepWTb 'ITO-11.
<..aCTO B </IOpMe feel up to doing 5th» . 1 don't feel up to
walking now. 0 Cei'l'lac R He B COCTORHMM "'lI.T. ::) be up
to
1m
fight sth down
(v n adv) cnpaB11RTbCR C 'IeM-. ('1YBCTB8MH. He,ayroM lot
T.n.), n06opoTb 'ITO-., nOJJ,aB11RTb 'ITO-.(3MOHH lot
T.n.) . It took him one year to fight down disappoint-
ment in lo,,'e_ 0 norpe6oBaJlCSl roll.. 'IT06b1 OH cnpa-
B"'CR c pa30'lapOBaHMeM B m06BM.

275
fill (sth) up
(v adv, v n adv) [HMeeTCSI nJ 3anOI1HSlTb '1TO-I1., 3a-
nOI1HSlTbCSI; HalWISaTb '1TO-I1. AO Kpaes; HanOI1HSITbCSI
t Reading fills up my evening. 0 SI 3an0I1HSlIO se'lep
'fTeHllleM. t I think you fill up your time with trifles.
o AYMalO, '1TO Tbi 3aHSlT epYHAoiii.
D fill-up
[nJ 3anpaSKa (raplO'IUM) , 3an0I1HeHllle t Please stop
here for a fill-up. (\ nO>KaI1yiiicTa, OCTaHOSIllTeCb 3AeCb,
'1TO(jbl 3anpaSIIITbCSI.
finish (sth) up
1 (v adv) CTaTb B KOHe'lHOM IIITore, (3a)KOH'IIIITb (Ka-
KUM-ll. .o.eHCTBueM, '1eM-n.) t After a ong fight. he fin-
ished up the winner. 0 nocne AOI1roiii 60pb6b1 OH BblWeI1
no(jeAHTeneM.  end up, wind up
2 (v adv) pa3r. OK33aTbCSI, CJ1Y'JaiiiHo O'JyrIllTbCSI (r.o.e-n.,
nocne '1era-n.) . Nobody knows where we'll finish up
tomorrow. 0 HIilKTO He 3HaeT, rAe Mbi OKa>KeMCSI 3aSTPa.
 end up
3 (v adv, v n adv) = fin;..;h off/up
4 (v n adv) = finish off/up .
fit sb I sth up (v n adv) [HMeeTCR n]
1 YCTaHaSI1I11BaTb, c06111paTb, MOHTlllpoBaTb'lTO-I1. (060-
py.o.oaaHue U r.n.); o(jecne'lIllSaTb, cHa6>KaTb KorO-I1./
'fTO-ll. (Heo6xo.o.uMbiMU ae/.l.laMH) <{e03MO)l(HO I1Cn0l1b30-
BaHHe npe.nnora With}.> tIt '/I take much time to fit up the
shop. (\ MHOro speMeHIll nOTpe6yeTcSI, '1T06b1 060py-
AosaTb Mara3I11H. t /'II try to fit you up with a job. O. SI
nOCTapalOCb 06eCne'lIllTb Te6s:t pa6oToiii.  fIX up

276
11m
2 Hanl KOMY-ll. MeCTO Ha BpeMS!, LfT06b1 OCTaHOBTbCR
. Did anyboc(v fit you up in a good hotel? 0 KTO-H6YAb
Te6S! YCTPO11 B xopow OTellb?
3 pa3r. B03BeCT Ha KorO-ll. 110>KHOe 06BHeHe; c4>a-
6pKOBaTb, nOATaCOBaTb YlllC Ha KOro-ll.; WTb Aell0
Ha KorO-ll. .Ilried to protest against fitting me up. 0 s:I
nbITaI1CS! npOTeCTOBaTb npOTB 110>KHOrO 06BHeHR.
D fit-up
[n] nOATaCOBKa cBeAeHj;\, <t>a6plCoBaHe Aella . That
was an evident fit-up. 0 3TO 6b111a RBHaR nOATaCOBlCa
4>aKTOB.
fix (sb/sth) up
1 Iv n adv) pB3r. LfHTb, npBOAI'ITb B nopRAOK "ITO-ll.;
611aroycTpaBaTb LfTO-ll. . How much will it be to fIX
my broken lock up? 0 CKOllbKO I5YAeT CTOTb nOLfHTb
MOj;\ CllOMaHHblj;\ 3ClMOK? . They should give money to
fIX up Olll".street. 0 OHI" AOll>KHbI abiAellTb AeHbrl", 'I TO-
6b1 611aroycTpoTb Hawy YllI"LlY.
2 (v n adv) pa3r. YCTaHaBlll"BaTb, coopyJKaTb LfTO-ll.
6b1CTPO: CAellaTbLfTO-ll. 6b1cTpo 3 nOAPY"lHblX MaTe-
pl"aI10B . Let s fIX up a small shelter of branches with
leaves alld straw. 0 ,l),aaaj;\Te COOPYAI'IM He6011bwoj;\
WaI1aw 1113 BeTOK C llI11CTbS!MIIIIII COll0MbI.  fit up
3 Ivadv, v n adv) AorOaaplilBaTbCS! 10 "IeM-ll.); opra-
HIII30BblBaTb, YCTpal'lBaTb LfTO-ll. lAIlS! Koro-n.) . Have
you fIXed up about the time and the place of meeting?
o Tbi AorOBoplllllCS! 0 apeMeHI'I III MeCTe BCTpeLfIll? . You
should get a travel agent to fIX this trip up for you. 0 Te-
6e H8AO Haj;\TIII areHTa, LfT06b1 opraHIII30BaTb ,:111' no-
e3AKy AIlS! ce6R.

277
4 (v n adv) pa3r. YCTpalolBaTb Koro-n. (KYtla-n.: Ha
pa60ry. B Y"'pe)/(,LIeHHe H r.n.) + Please help me to fIX
my daughter up for a job. 0 nO>KanYCTa, nOMorlol MHe
YCTPOlolTb MOIO AO>.jKY Ha pa601Y.
5 (vadv) AmEpa3r. nploloAeTbCSI, nplolHapSlAIoITbCSI+ Look
at him. he fIXed up nicely; where is he going to? () no-
CMOTplolTe Ha Hero, OH KpaCIoIBO Hapl.mcSI; KYA8 OH
co(jpancSI?
fix sb up (with sb/sth)
(v n adv, v n adv pr) pa3r. o(jecne>.jlolTb 1C0ro-n. (>.jeM-n.),
CBeCTIoI 1C0ro-n. (c KeM-n.) . He s fIXed me up with a
very nice girl. 0 OH CBen MeHSI C O>.jeHb CIoIMnaTIoI>.jHoi1
AeBywKoiil. . You must be fIXed up according to all the
rules. 0 Tbi A01l>KeH 6b1Tb YCTpoeH no BceM npaBIoIJ18M.
· fix It I things up (with sb)
(v n adv, v n adv pr>" YCTPOIolTb, nOACTpOIolTb >.jTo-n. (c
>.jbe-n. nOMOlUblO, >.jepe3 nOCpeACTBO Koro-n.), Aoro- '
BOplolTbCR (c lCeM-n.) (CKopee 0 HeileCTHo&l C,LIenKe.
HeileCTHb/M nyreM) . lfyou want to ha'e a holiday im-
mediately I'll fIX it up (with the director). 0 Ecnlol Tbi
XO>.jeWb nOTIoI B omYCK ceiil>.jac >Ke, R AorOBoplOCb (c ....
AIoIpeKTOpoM). ..:..
fold (sth) up
1 (v n adv, v adv) CKJl8AblBaTb, CBepTbiBaTb, aaBep-
TblBaTb >.jTo-n.; CKJl8AblBaTbCSI, CBepTbisaTbCR . /s it
possible to fold the carpet up? 0 MmKHo nlol ClIO>KIoITb
3TOT KOBep? . No, this carpet doesn', fold up. 0 HeT,
3TOT 1C0Bep He CKJl8AblBaeTcSI.
2 (v adv) pa3r. A8BIoITbCR (OTCMexa), n8A8Tb (co CMexy);
KOp>.jlolTbCSI, rHYTbCR (OT 6onH) . His joke made us fold

or' 
278
up. 0 OT ero WyTKH Mbi nOKaTMI1HCb co cMexy.
3 (v adv) pa3r. CBepTbiBaTbCR (0 npe,llnpURTUU, 0
pa60Te U r.n.); 06aHKpoTHTbCR, nporopaTb . Why has
this company folded up? 0 nO'jeMY 3Ta ct>HpMa 3aKPbl-
l1acb? . I am afraid he '/I fold up if he loses his job.
o 601OCb. OH npona,o,eT, eCI1H nOTepReT pa601Y.
follow (8th) up
(v n adv. v adv) [HM6eTCSI n H adj] npOJJ,OIDKaTb, paa-
BHBaTb 'jTO-I1., ynY'jW8R; JJ,OBOJJ,HTb ('jTO-I1.) AO COBep-
weHCTBa; ynopHo Cl1eJJ,OBaTb 'IeMY-I1. . Our team
scored a success last month. We should follow (it) up
now. 0 Hawa 1C0MaHAa Ao6H11aCb ycnexa B npOWI1b1111
MeCRLt. Mbl AOI1>KHbI ceiil'jac 3aKpenHTb ycnex.
D follow-up
[n] COBepweHCTBOBaHHe; nOCl1eJJ,YIOU.\ee 3aKpen11eHHe
pe3Y11bTaTa . What should we do for a follow-up? 0 '-ITO
Mbi JJ,OI1>KHbI npeJJ,npHHRTb JJ.I1R 3aKpenl1eHHR pe3Yl1b-
TaTa?
[adj] nocl1eAYIOU.\HiiI, cOBepweHcTsYIOU.\HiiI . After hos-
 pital he needs a follow-up care. 0 nocne 6011bHHLtbi OH
 HyJKJJ.aeTCR B AonOI1HHTel1bHOM l1e'jeHHH.
fuck (8th) up Henp. [uMeeTCfI n]
1 (v n adv, v adv) He ynpasHTbCR C'IeM-I1.; I-ICnOpTHTb.
pa3pYWI'ITb 'iTO-I1., H3ra,o,I-1Tb 'jTO-I1.; I'ICnOpTI'ITbCR, Ha-
nopTa'jHTb . They fucked (everything) up a lot. 0 OHio!
H3pRJJ,HO HanopTa'jI'lI1H. . Trying to help me, he fucked
up my car with oil on his hand. 0 CTapaRcb noMO'Ib
MHe, OH 3arpR3HH11 MOIO MaWHHY CSOHMI-I MaCI1RHblMIo!
pYKaMH.  mess up

279
D tuck-up
[n] Hepa36eplo1xa, nyraHIo1\.1,a; APRHb Aeno . There is
usually a complete fuck-up where he appears. 0 rAe Obi
OH HIo1 nORBlo1nCR, TaM BcerA8 ApslHb-Aeno.
2 (v adv) nOTepneTb HeYA8'4Y. onpocTOBonoclo1TbCR . If
you fuck up this time you won't be admitted to the cup
tie. 0 Ecnlo1 BbI Ha 3TOT pa3 npoAyeTe, Bac He AonYCTRT K
M8"r'lY Ha KY601C.
get (sb/sth) down (sth)
1 (vadv, v pr) cnYCKaTbCR (c '4ero-n.), CXOAIo1Tb, cne3aTb
(c '4ero-n.) . Please get down (off) the ladder carefuI6',
o nO)KaJ1y&;\cTa, OCTOpO)KHO cnycTlo1cb C neCTHIo1UbI.
=> get up
2 (vadv) nplo1e3)1(8Tb B AepeBHIO 1013 CTOm.'Ubflo1nlo1 Ha lOr
C ceBepa. Every year my sister gets down at Easter 10
the village. 0 1<a>tc.o.bI&;\ rOA MOR cecTpa ye3JKaeT Ha
nacxy B AepeBHIO. => come down. come up
3 (v adv) onYCTllfTbCR Ha lConeHIo1. corHyrbCR, nplo1-
rnyrbCR . I had to get down to be unnoticed. 0 MHe
nplo1wnOCb nplo1rHyrbCR, 'I1"06b1 6b1Tb HeaaMe'4eHHblM.
4 (v n adv) aanlo1CblBaTb '4TO-n. (oco6eHHo B cnewKe) 
. Ge this down in your notebooks! 0 3anlo1wm-e 3TO B ...:.,
CBOI1 TeTpa.l;1l1!. => be down, go down
5 (v n adv) npornaTblBaTb '4TO-n. (c TPYJlOM) . Try, to get
the medicine down. 0 nOcTapa&;\CR npOrnOTlllTb 3TO ne-
KapCTBO. =>go down
6 () pasr. yrHeT3Tb, nOABBnRTb Koro-n.; pa3-
Aj)a)KaTb, orop'4aTb Koro-n. . Don't get him down. 0 He
Ae&;\cTBy&;\ eMY Ha HepBbI.

280
-
get down to 8th
(v adv pr) pa3r. npelJ,npl-1HSlTb OnpelJ,el1eHHble warl-1. "TO-
6b1 ynpaBI-1TbCSI C ..eM-l1.; cepbe3Ho 3aHSlTbCSI ..eM-l1.,
npl-1CT)'nl-1Tb K ..eMY-l1. . When will .1'011 get down to
work again? 0 Korp,a Tbl CHOBa B03bMeWbCSl3a pa60T)'?
. Let: get down to our business. 0 .o.aea,",Te npl-1CT)'mlM
K HaweMY lJ,el1Y.
get (sb/sth) up (sth) (..,MeercSI n]
1 (vadv, v n adv) BCTaBaTb (c nocren..,): nOIJ,HI-1MaTbCS'I
(Ha Hor..,): nOIJ,HI-1MaTb: 3aCTaBI-1Tb KorO-l1. BCTaBaTb,
nOIJ,HI-1MaTbCS'I . They IIsed to get up ear!.v last week, but
today they can sleep late. OOHI-1 nOIJ,HI-1Manl-1Cb paHO Ha
npOWI1O,", HelJ,el1e, HO CerOIJ,HSI I-1M MO>KHO nocnaTb no-
1J,011bwe. . Get tlle children up. 0 nOIJ,HI-1Ma,",Te lJ,eTe,",.
::) be up, go to bed
2 (v adv, v pr, , v n pr) B36l-1paTbCS'I (Ha ropy),
Ca,o.I-1TbC51 (Ha 110Wa,o.b, BeI10Cl-1neJJ,1-1 T.n.): Bl1e3aTb, 38-
61-1paTbCSI (KylJ,a-l1.): nOMO% KOMY-l1. B306paTbCS'I KY-
p,a-l1., nOIJ,HI-1MaTb "TO-l1. (tcyJJ,a-l1.) . Can .1'011 get up
this hill by bicycle? 0 Tbl MO>KeWb OIJ,OI1eTb 3TOT XOl1M H8
BeI10Cl-1nelJ,e? . Why did .1'011 get up on the table?
o nO..eMY Tbi 386pancSI Ha CTOl1? . Please, get the box
up this ladder. 0 nOIJ,HI-1MI-1 Kop06tcy Ha 3T)' l1eCTHl-1l1Y,
nO>KanY,",CTa. :) get down
3 (vadv, v n adv) yCI-1I1I-1BaTbCSI, YBeI1I-1..I-1BaTbCSI (0 CMne
serpa M r.n.): YBel1l-1..I-1BaTb CI-1I1Y, CKOpOCTb 1-1 T.n. . The
wind was getting up and we decided to retllrn. 0 BeTep
YCIIII1I-1B8JlCSI, 1-1 Mbl peWI-1111-1 BepHyrbCSI. . Can .1'011 feel
how my car is getting up speed? 0 Tbl "YBcTByewb, KaK
MOSI MaWI-1Ha Ha61-1paeT CKOpOCTb?

281
4 (v n adv) nO,o.roTaBnl;lBaTb &jTO-n.; opraHI;I30BblBaTb,
YCTpal;lBaTb &jTo-n., OCHOBbiBaTb TO-n. . We plan to get
the play up in September. <> Mbi nnaHl;lpyeM nOCTaBlITb
nbecy B ceHTSl6pe. . We want to get up a new company.
() Mbi XOTI;IM OCHOBaTb HOBYIO KOMnaHl;lIO.
5 () HapSl,o.HO o,o.eBaTb Koro-n. (B T.II. ce6R),
HapSl>KaTb Koro-n., rpI;IMl;lpOBaTb lCoro-n. . He got him-
self up splendidly. () OH Benl;lKonenHO o,o.encSi.  dress
up
" get-up
[n] nnaTbe, ICOCTIOM; HapSl,o.. What do you think of my
get-up? <> KaK Te6e MO HapSl,o.?
6 (v n adv) no,o.y'tl;lTb 'tTO-n., no,o.roToBI;ITb. KalCo-n.
npe,o.MeT I;Inl;l ponb (K 3K3aMeHY III T.n.), no,o.3y6pI;ITb
&jTO-n. . All the evening he is gening the poem up.
() 8ecb Be'tep OH 3y6pI;IT cnlxoTBopeHl;le.
· get one's/sb's back up
() pa3r. pa303nl;lTb(CR), paocep,o.IolTb(CSI), pa3-
,D,p8.JKaTb(CR), Ol.l.leTI;IHI;ITbCR, BblBO,o.I;ITb Koro-n. I;Inl;l BbI-
XO,o.l1Tb 1;13 ce6S1 . Why did my words get your back up?
<> nOeMY MOI;I cnOBa 3aBenl;l Te6R? => put smb  back
up _
· get one's I sb's blood up
() paccep,o.I;ITb, BbiBeCTI;I Koro-n. 1;13 ce6S1 . The
children at last got their pare1/ls' blood up. <> 8 KOHL!e
KOHL!OB ,o.eTI;I pa303nl1nl;l CBOI;IX po,o.I;ITene. => one 
blood be up
· get the wind up
(v n adv) pa3r. I;IcnyraTbCR, CTPYCI;ITb, "c,o.pe<t>I;ITb",
BCTpeBQ)I(I;ITbCSI . Don't get the wind-up so much about
this news! <>,IJ,a He nyracSI Tbl Tal( 3TO HOBOCTI;I'

.
282
get (sb) up to sb/sth
1 (v adv pr, v n adv pr) AOXOAIIITb AO '1ero-n. (Ao onpe-
lleneHHOro YPOBHR), AocrnraTb 1C0rO-II./'iero-II.; AOBe-
CWI KOro-lI. AO '1ero-lI. (Ao onpe,o.eneHHoro YPOBHR)
. They proised to get me up to this profession in one
year. 0 OHIII no06e1II nOArOTOBIIITb MeHR IC :no£1
npocjJecc\II\II 3a OAIIIH rOA. .1 wish you got up to the high
standard. 0 )f(anb, '1TO TbI He AOCT\IIr BblCOICOro ypoBHSI.
=> be up to, come up to
2 (v adv pr) 3aTeBaTb '1TO-I1., 3aMblWIIRTb '1TO-n.
(06b1'1HO 'ITO-n. Hexopowee "'fl'" HeOJKH/laHHoe) . You
never kllow what he '// get up to next. 0 H\IIKOr,Aa He
3HaeWb, '1TO OH ewe BblK\IIHeT. => be up to, put up to
give (sb/sth) up
1 (vadv, v n adv) C,AaBaTbCSI, yc-rym1Tb ('/TO-II.), C,AaTb
'1TO-II. . J can't explain that to him. 1 give up. 0 SI H\IIKaK
He MOry 06bRCH\IITb eMY 3TO. SI C,AaIOCb. . Plea:,e, tell
your little one to give up the seat to that old woman.
o nO>Kally£1cTa, Ben\llTe CBoeMY MallblWY YCT)'n\llTb
MeCTO To£1 cTapywKe.
2 (v n adv) 6pocaTb '/TO-II. (pa6oT}' '" T.n.); oCTaBIIITb,
nOKIIIHyTb KaKOe-lI. MeCTO, KaICIo1X-II. IIIOAe£1 . She gave
up a promising career in Moscow and emigrated to
Germany. 0 OHa OTKa381laCb OT 06ewalOwe£1 Kapbepbl B
MoclCBe III 3Mlllrplo1p0BaJ1a B repMaH\IIIO. => turn ;n, turl!
;t up
3 (v n adv) Bbl,AaBaTb 1C0ro-n. (6emelJa '" T.n.), '1TO-n.
(ceKpeTbI, TaHHY) . It s only the twentieth century when
the space started to give its secrets up to the world.
o TOllblCO B ABaAL48TOM CT0l1eTlo111 KOCMOC Ha'lan

283
paCKpblB8Tb CBOI-1 Tai1HbI MI-1PY. . After catching him
they gave him up to police. 0 nOi1MaB ero, Otll'l BbIACiJ1l-1
ero nOI1I-1"I'II'I.
4 (v n adv) CACIBaTb, nepeACIBaTb 1C0ro-I1'/I.jTO-I1. (B
APyrllle PYICIIII-1 T.n.), OTKa3b1B8TbCR OT 1C0ro-l1. . We had
to give our child up when his natural mother was found.
o HaM nplllwl10Cb OTAClTb pe6eHKa, KorACI HaWl1aCb tla-
CTOSIutaR MaTb.
5 () npl-13HaBaTb 1C0ro-I1.!I.jTO-I1. 6e3t1a,a.e>KHblM;
MaxHYTb PYKOi1 Ha KOro-I1'/I.jTO-I1. . He cOllldn't be
worse in stlldying. so the teachers gave him up. 0 Otl
y<i1-111CR 1113 PYK BOH n110XO, n03TOMY }'I.jlllTel1R MaxHYl1111
Ha Hero PYKOi1.
6 (v adv, v adv n) npeKpautaTb, 6pocaTb (K8Koe-n.
npUBbI'IHOe .o.eno, KYPUTb, nUTb, urp8Tb B 838pTHbie
urpbl U T.n.); OTICa3b1BaTbCR (OT SPeJjHblX WlU HeHyJKHblX
npUSbI'IeK) <{B03MOJKHa CTpyI(Typa give up doing 5th}.> . You
should give up drinking. 0 BaM Ha,a.O C5POCIIITb nlilTb. . I
can't help smoking. All my attempts to give up have
failed. 0 HI-1KalC He MOry nepeCTaTb KYPI-1Tb. Bce' MOl'!
nOnblTKI-1 6poCIIITb OKaH'IIilBaIOTCR HeYACll.jei1.
7 (v n adv) OTKa3b1BaTbcR. OTpeKaTbCR OT l.jero-l1. 
(y6eeHuif, npUHLjUnOB U T.n.) . They made him give 
up his religious convictions. 0 OHI-1 3aCTaBI-1111-1 ero OT-
Ka3aTbCS1 OT CBOI-1X pe111-1r1'I03HblX y6e>K,ll,eHIlli1.
· give sb up for dead I lost
(v n adv pr) Cl.jlllTaTb 1C0rO-I1. norl-16WI-1M, nOTepRHHblM,
6e3Ha,a.e>KHblM . Only when he got married, she gave
him up for lost. 0 TOl1bKO KorACI OH >KeHI-111CR, OHa oc-
TaBI'!11a BCRKYIO Ha,a.e>K,ll,y)l(,(l,3Tb ero.

..
284
give up on sb I sth
(vadv pr) paY- nepecTaTb nOllaraTbCR Ha Koro-n./'ITO-n.;
pa30'lapOBbiBaTbCSI B KOM-n./'IeM-n. . I think you '//
give up on he,. after some time. 0 AyMalO, Tbi pa30'la-
pyewbCR B Hej;j 'Iepe3 KaICOe-TO BpeMR.
give sb I sth up to sth
(v n adv pr) nOCBRlJ..I8Tb celSR 'IeMy-n., OTAaBaTb celSSI
IIInlil CBOIO )K1II3Hb KaKoMy-n. Aeny. She gave herse/fup
to dreams of revenge. 0 OHa npeA811aCb nonHOCTblO
Me'lTaM 0 MeCHI. => give over to
go down (v adv)
1 3axOAIIITb 3a roplll30HT, C8AIIITbCR (0 conHe. n}IHe,
3Beax) . A. the sun went down we watched a won-
derful picture in the sky. 0 KorAa COnHlte CCUU1nOCb, Mbi
HalSnlOA811111 YAIIIBIilTenbHYIO KapTIilHY Ha HeISe. => come
up
2 38TOHyrb, IIIC'Ie3Hyrb C nOBepxHocTIil BOAbi (0 KO-
pa6nflx, 0 mOAflx) . We could watch how the ship went
down. 0 Mbi CMornlil HalSnlOAaTb, KaK KopalSnb nowen KO
AHY.
3 CaaJ1I11TbCR, ynacTb, pYXHyrb; nOTepneTb nOp8JKeHIIIB
. After going down 0: J they won with a score of 3 goals
to nil. 0 nocne nOpa)KeHIIIR 0: 1 OHIII Bbllllrpanlil co
C'IeTOM 3 : 1. => bring down, come down
4 ISblTb npOrnO'leHHblM, CbeAeHHblM . Such sweet med-
icine will go down nicely. 0 TaKoe cn8AKoe neKapcTBo
ISYAeT C YAoaonbCTBlileM npOrnO'leHo. => get down
5 CHIII)KaTbCR, n8AaTb (0 lJeHax, TeMneparype. YPOBHB
I.f T.n.) . These prices never go down. 0 STili lteHbI
HIilKorA3 He CHIII)KaIOTCR. => come down

285
6 6b1Tb 3anl1caHHblM, 3anl1CblBaTbCSI . Only one sen-
tence must go down on paper. 0 TOllbKO OAHO npeA11O-
>KeHl1e AOIl>KHO 6bITb 3anl1caHO.  get down, put down
7 cAYBaTbCSI, cnYCKaTb (0 W"'He '" r.n.), cn8A8Tb (06
onyxon",) . Look, your lyre is going down. 0 CMOTpl1,
TBOe ICOlleco cnYCKaeT. => blow up, let down
go down to sth
(v adv pr) AOXOAIIITb AO 'Iero-Il. (.Qo onpeAeneHHoi-J
cryneH"', AO ypOBHJ/ '" r.n.). Ta/re this book, it just goes
down to the time you need. 0 B03bMillTe 3T}' KHl1ry,
COOblTIllSI B He Onl1caHbI KaK pa3 AO 3nOXI1, KOTopaSi
88M HY>KHa.
go down with sth
(v adv pr) 3aOOlleTb KaKO-Il. 60lle3HbIO . I am afraid
he is going down with the flu. 0 60lOCb, 'ITO OH BOT-BOT
38001leeT rplllnnOM. => be down with, come down with
go up (sth)
1 (v adv, v pr) B3611paTbCSI, nOAHI1MaTbCSI BBepx (Ha
'1TO-Il.) . Can you go up (the stairs)? 0 Tbi MO>KeWb nOA-
HSlTbCSI (no llecTHl1ue)? 
2 (v adv) nOAHI1MaTbCSI (ralOKe 0 3BHBBece B rearpe), .....,
YBelll1'1I1BaTbCR (0 AaBJIeH"''''. reMnepBryP8; 0 l.leHax.
pacxoAax '" r.n.) . The temperature is going up and
soon brooks will flow. 0 TeMneparypa nOAHI1MaeTCSI, 11
CKOpo nOTeKYT PY'ibl1. . Apples have gone up. 0 61l01C11
nOAopO>KaJll1. . It s timefor curtain to go up. 0 nopa 6b1
38HaBecy nOAHSlTbCSI. => uep up, put up
3 (v adv) paCTI1, nOAHI1MaTbCSI. B03ABl1raTbCR, CTPO-
IIITbCSI (0 3I1.BH"'J/X'" r.n.) . When did this house go up?

286
-
o KOfl',a 310T AOM CTpOlllllCs:I?  put up
4 (v adv) B3pblBaT; CfOpaTb (s npflMOM H nepe-
HOCHOM cMblcne); nOiilTIil HaCMapKY, CBecTIIICb K HYlllO
. All YOIl did has gone up. 0 Bce, '110 Bbi AellaJ1l11, no-
Wll0 HaCMapKY.  blow up, send up
5 (v adv) exaTb, nYTeweCTBOBaTb B YHIIIBepclllTeT IIIJlIII B
KaKoe-TO BaJK!ioe MeCTO, 113 npOBIIIHI1I1JlIII Ha ceBep
. J want to go up to London next week. 051 XO'lY noexaTb
B JlOHAOH Ha Cl1eAYIOeiil HeAelle.  be up, come
down, come up
6 (v adv) 6b1Tb nepeBeAeHHblM, nepeiilTIil B cneAYlOllUiIiiI
KJ1acc . Who didn't go up to the next class? 0 KTO He
nepewell B CJleAYIOI1ii1 K11acc?  stay down
7 (vadv) nOAoiilTIil (K KOMY-Jl.) <iC..aCTo C nOC1leAV1OM
npeA110rOM to}> . J went up to the man and asked about
direction. 0 51 nOAowell K MY'K'IIliHe 11 cnpocl111, KaK
npoexaTb.  come up to
· go Up the wall
(v pr) pa3r. lle3Tb Ha CTeHKY 111111 AoiilTIil nO'lTIil AO cy-
MaCWeCTBI1s:1 OT AOca,o,bl, pa30'lapOBaHIIIs:I, nepeHanps:l-
>KeHl1s:1l1 T.n. . From that toothache he is ready to go up
the wall. 0 Or 3TOi'l 3y6Hoi'l 601111 OH f010B lle3Tb Ha
CTeHKY.  send up the wall
grow up (v adv) ["'MoorCR n '" adj]
1 BbipacTaTb, CTaHOBI1TbCSI B3pOCllb1M; B3pOCJleTb
. What will you do when YOII grow up? 0 l.ITO Tbi 6y-
AeWb AellaTb, KOfAa BblpacTewb?
D grown-up
[n] B3POCJlbli'l ('/enOBeK) . There are only the grown-

.,.
287
ups in my room. 0 8 MOe., 1C0MHaTe HaxOARTCSI OAH\II
B3pOCJ1b1e.
[adj] B3pOCm".,. nOB3pOCl1eBW\IIA . Children are all
grown-up nowadays. 0 AeT\II Tenepb O'leHb paHo B3po-
cnelOT. ,
2 C03AaBaTbCR, B03H\IIK8Tb (06 06b1'1BRX. rpynnax.
RBneHHRX H T.n.) . Suddenly a tornado has grown up.
o HeoJK\IIAaHHO nOAHRI1CR CMep<t.
hand 8th down (v n adv) [HMeeTCSl n H adj]
1 nOAaTb, nepeAaTb 'ITO-I1. cBepxy BH\II3 .1 asked her to
hand down plates from the top shelf. 0 51 nOnpOC\II11 ee
nOAaTb Tapel1lC\II C BepXHe., nOI1IC\II.  hand up
2 nepeAaTb pe6eHKY nOHoweHHYIO \1111\11 nOAep)lC8HHYIO
Beuu> (o,lley. 06YSb, KHHry. HrpywK}' H T.n.) . In poor
families. clothes may be handed down from one child to
Ihe next. 0 8 6eAHblx ceMbRX o1J.eJKJJ.Y MOryr nepeAaBaTb
OT OAHoro pe6eHK8 IC lIPYrOMY. => pass down
D hand-down HnH hand-me-down
[nJ n01J.epJKaHHaR \1111\11 nOHoweHHaR Beb . I had to
wear his hand-downs. 0 MHe np\llXO/J.lll110Cb 01J.eBaTb
ero 06HOCK\II. 
[adj} n01J.epJKaHHbI." nOHOWeHHbI., (s npRMOM H nepe- ..:.t
HOCHOM cMblcne). My YOllnger son was dressed in a
pair of hand-me-down trollsers. 0 MoA MI1a,/J,W\ll., CblH
610111 01J.eT B n01J.epJKaHHble 6plOlC\II. . This idea is hand-
me-down enollgh. 0 3m MblCl1b 1J.OCTaTO'lHO 3aTaC-
K8HHaR.
3 nepeAaTb 'lT0-J1. (H3 nOKoneHHR 8 nOKOneHl1e) <{'ia
Passive»- . We ollght to hand down ollr knowledge to
children. 0 Haw 1J.OJ1r - nepeAaTb HaW\II 3HaH\IIR 1J.eTRM.
 pa.fjS down

288
-
hand sth up
(v n adv) nepeA3BaTb, nOA3BaTb '1TO-I1. CHI-13Y Bsepx
(TaK)I(e no cy60PAI1HaLjl111). nOMO'Ib KOMY-I1. B306paTb-
CSI . Please, hand up the old shoes to me. /'II pill them
into the mezzanine. 0 £'YAb A06p, nOAai1 MHe CTapble
60TI-1HKI-1, SI nOCTaBIlIO I-1X B aHTpeCOl1b. . }our offer will
be handed up to the director. 0 TBoe npeJ])lO)KeHl4e
6YAeT nepeA3HO Al4peKTOPY. :=) hand down
hang (sth) down
(v adv. v n adv) CBl-1caTb. nOBl-1caTb, 06SI-1CaTb, cny-
CKaTbCSI: HaKllOHSlTb, onYCKaTb, cnYClCaTb '1TO-I1. BH143
. Why have you hung down your head? 0 nO'IeMY TI>I
onYCTI-111 r0I10SY?
hang (sb/sth) up [I1MeeTCR n]
1 (v n adv) nOBeCI-1Tb. nOABeCI-1Tb, nOMeCTI-1Tb'lTO-I1. (Ha
cTeHY, KplO'IOK. Bewa11l<Y) . He hung up his hat and sat
down. 0 OH nOBeCI-111 CSOIO wmmy 1-1 cell.
2 (v n adv) pa3r. 3aAep)KI-1BaTb, npl-10CTaHaB111-1BaTb
'1TO-I1.; OTlUlaAblBaTb 'lT0-11. B AOl1rl-1j;i SlI1II-1K. We didn't
expect the traffic to hang up. 0 MbI He O)l(l-1Aanl-1, '1TO
ABI-1)KeHl-1e 6YAeT npepBaHO. :=) hold back, hold up
3 (v n adv) MY'II-1Tb, npecneAosaTb KorO-I1. (06 I1Aee 11
T. n.): fiblTb OAep>KI-1MblM '1eM-I1., I-1MeTb HaBSl3'1l-1sylO
I-1AelO; nOMewaTbCSI. «3aUI-1IUlI-1TbCSI" Ha '1eM-n. <;('IaUIEI
Passive» . The girl is strangely hung up about meeting
new people. 0 AesywlCa CTpaHHblM 06pa30M nOMewaHa
Ha 3HaKOMCTse C HOSbIMI-111IOAbMI-1.

289
D hang-up
In] nYHKTK, .l1e<1>lCc; HaBSl3'1B8S1 ,l1eSl . His hallg-
up is music. 0 MY3b1Ka - ero c11aOocTb.
4 (v adv) n011Q)KTb Te11e$>HHYIO Tpy15KY; 3aKOH'I1ofTb
Te11e<1>oHHbI{.i paaroBop . Why did you hallg up that
time? 0 nO'IeMY Tbi B TOT pa3 noaeC11 Tpy15KY?
hold sb I sth down (v n adv)
1 He .l1aBaTb KOMY-11. nO.l1HSlTbCSI, He ,naBaTb 1C0MY-11./
'IeMY-11. BbipBaTbCSI, Y.l1ep>KBaTb 1C0rO-11. (OC06eHHO B
ne)l(a'ieM nOnO)l(eHMM), COXPaHSlTb 'ITO-II. Ha onpe.l1e-
IIeHHOM ('iae HM3KOM) YPOBHe; 0I5Y3.l1b1BaTb KOro-II./
'ITO-II. (cnlXHIO M T.n.) . All the month they tried to hold
down expenditure. 0 Becb 3TOT MeCSlLI OH CTapaIlCb
coxpaHSlTb 3aTpaTbi Ha npe>KHeM ypoBHe. => keep doWII
2 .l1ep>KaTb 1C0rO-II. B nO.l1'1HeH, yrHeTaTb KorO-II.,
no,naBIISlTb Koro-n. . You'll never hold our country
tWWII. <> 8b1 HlCor,na He nOlCopTe Hawy CTpaHY. => keep
down
hold (sb/sth) up (MMeeTCSJ n H inv]
1 (v n adv) nO,llJl,ep>KBaTb Koro-11./'ITO-II., nO.l1flMpaTb ..
'ITO-11. . The uprights hold up the roof 0 Kpblwa on- ·
paeTCSI Ha 3111 CTO{.iK. => keep up
- uphold
[v] nO,llJl,ep>KB8Tb, 3aUtl'll1.l3Tb; nOOIllPSITb
[n](uphold9r)no.l1nopKa,nO.l1CTaBKa;CTopoHHK
2 (v n adv) 38,D,ep>KBaTb 1C0rO-II.!'ITO-II., .0cTaHaBII-
BaTb Koro-II'/'ITO-II. . J am afraid somebody held them
up. 0 601OCb. KTO-TO x 38,D,ep>KaII. => hallg up, hold
back
10 B. r. CTOJIJIP

290
l1li
c hold-up
[n] 3aTOP (,lIsH)KeHHA), np06lCa; OCTaHOBkB, 3aAep>K1(8
. What s the hold-up? 0 B &jeM 3aAep>KkB? . Those road
hold-ups put him out. 0 3T AOpOJICHbie np061C BbI-
BOJJ.RT ero 3 TepneHR
3 (v n adv) OCTaHaBnBaTb Koro-n./'fTo-n. C enblO
rpa6eJKa; rpa6Tb Koro-n./&jTO-n. . I have heard that
somebody held your shop up. 0  cnblwan, &jTO ICTO-TO
orpa6n Baw Mara3H.  stick up
c holdup
[n] HaneT, BOOPYJKeHHblj:\ rpa6eJIC, orpa6neHI1e . After
the holdup the gang got away in a fast car. 0 nocne
HaneTa 08HA<! YM&jan8Cb B M8WI1He.
4 (v adv) p,T1I1TbCA, npOAOn>KaTbCA, npOAepJIC8TbCR
. Will such fine weather hold up? 0 npOAepJICI1TCA nl1
TakBA npeKpaCH8A noroAS?
5 (v adv) BblAepJICB8Tb, He nOA/J,8B8TbCA . Please hold
up a panic. 0 nOJICanyj:\CT8, He nOA/J,8Baj:\CA naHI1Ke.
keep (sb I sth) down
1 (v adv) npOAOroK8Tb CI1AeTb I1nl1l1eJICaTb (Hanp., 'lTO-
6b1 ce6A He 06Hap)I)KHTb); He BCT8B8Tb . Keep down
while I am watching them. 0 He nOAHI1Maj:\cA, nOIC8R
Ha6moASIO 3a HI1MI1. => hold down, slay down
2 () He nOAHMaTb "TO-n. (PYK. ronoca, ronoBbI)
. Keep your voice down when I am working. 0 He nOA-
HI1Maj:\ cBoero ronoC8, KorAS A pa60T81O.
3 (v n adv) He AonYClCaTb nOBbiWeHI1A eH, HanorOB.
BeC8 11 T.n.. The only way Olll is to keep the prices
down. 0 E,u.I1HCTBeHHblj:\ BblXOA  He AonYCkBTb nOBbI-
WeHI1A eH. => hold down

\I
291
4 () nOlJ,aBnSlTb, CAep)l(BaTb Koro-n./"To-I1., Me-
waTb '1bE!MY-I1. ycnexy . You can't keep a clever man
down. 0 YMHblH '1el1OBelC ecerlJ,a np06bE!TCSI.  hold down
5 (v n adv) ynpaBnSlTb CBOM '1YBCTBaM, CAep)l(BaTb
rHeB, 3no  T.n. . I had to keep down my irritation. 0 MHe
npUJnOCb CAep>KaTb CBOe P83APaJI(eHe.  keep back
keep(sb/sth)up[HMeeTCSlin
1 (v adv. v n adv) YAep)l(BaTbCSI (Hanp., H8 nOBepx-
HOCTH BOAbI, Ha KpalO '1ero-n.), YCTOSlTb (He naJ/);
Aep>KaTb, nOAAep)l(BaTb 1C0rO-I1./'ITO-n., YAep)l(BaTb
Koro-n./'ITO-n. (oTneHHJ/). I wonder how this house
of cards keeps up? 0 KalC 3TOT KapTO'IHblH AOMK Aep-
)I(TCSI, HTepeCHO MHe 3HaTb? . How do you keep your
trousers up? 0 KaK Tlol nOAAep)l(BaeWb CBO 6plOlC?
 stay up. hold up
2 (v 8dv, v n adv) Aep>KaTbCSI, OCTaBaTbCSI Ha npe)l(HeM
('IaLLje BbiCOKOM) YPOBHe; He MeHSITbCR; Aep>KaTb "TO-11.
(Ha npe)/(HeM BbiCOKOM ypOBHe), He MeHSITb 'ITO-n.; He
lJ,aBaTb ..eMY-n. ocna6HYTb; COAep)l(aTb 'ITO-n. B Aon)l(-
HOM nOpRAKe . We should keep up our pace. 0 Mbi He
AOl1)1(Hbi CHlIOKaTb Hawx TeMnOB. . It's not easy to keep
up. 0 He nerlCo OCTaBaTbCR Ha A01l)l(HOM ypoBHe.  be _
up. go up
- upkeep
(n] YXOA. COAep>KaHe (B HcnpaBHocm), 06CI1y*Ba-
He; COAep)l(aHe (Koro-n. B CMblCfle 06eCne'leHHfI
cpeACTB8MH cYLLjeCTBoBaHHfI) TOl1bKO B e)J.HHCTBeHHOM
'IHCne
3 (v adv) OCTaBaTbCS'I He3MeHHblM, He ocna6eaaTb, He
Cn8AaTb (0 noroAe, 0 WTOpMB, yparaHe", T.n.) . Storm
kept up all night. 0 WTOpMno BCIO HO'lb.
10*

292
4 (v n adv) npOAOll>KaTb, He npelCpamciTb 3aH..,MaTbCSI
eM-ll. (e TOU JKe HHTeHCHBHOCTblO) , nOA/J,ep>K..,BaTb
"'HTepec, 6eceAY'" T.n. . You should uep up the coach-
ing. () Tbi AOll>KeH npOAOll>KaTb TpeH"'POBKY.
5 () np"'Aep>K..,BaTbCSI ero-ll. (CTapblx TpaaH-
HU H T.n.), c06mOAaTb, He HapywaTb TO-ll., CO-
XpaHATb (AoY>K6y. 1PaaHHH H r.n.) . All of our family
uep up old customs. () Bce l1eHbI Hawei'i ceMblil co-
611IOAaIOT CTapble 06b1alil.
6 (v adv, ) He AaBaTb (KOMY-ll.) 3aCHyrb; He
3aCblnaTb; 3aCTaB11SHb (lCorO-Il.) 60APCTBOBaTb. They
like to uep up late. () OH.., 11106sH 110>KJ.1TbCR cnaTb
n03AHO. . Why are you ueping me up? () nOeMY Tbi He
AaeWb MHe cnaTb? => be up. stay up, wait up
· keep one's end up
(v n adv) pa3r. CAeJ1aTb Bce OT ce6R 3aB..,cRU\ee; He
CAaBaTbCSl; 3a1lU'lTb ce6R OT Han3,AOK . I tried to
keep my end up in this scientific debate. ()  CTapanCR,
KalC MO coxpaH CBO.., n03"'UIiI.., B 3TOM HaHOM
cnope.
 keep up (with sb/sth)
11..:1 1 (v adv, v adv pr) He OTCTaBaTb (OT 1C0ro-Il.) (B Y'le6e. B
cnopTe. B BHJKeHHH H r.n.); npOAB..,raTbCR BnepeA (e
TeM JKe TeM'!.OM, 'iTO H KTo-n./'iTO-n.). Hefinds it diffi-
cult to uep up with the rest of the class in history. () OH
C"'TaeT. '1TO eMY TPYAHO ycneBaTb 38 lCIlaCCOM no
..,CTOP"''''. . To keep up. he began to run. () '-IT06b1 He
OTCTaBaTb, OH Ha811 6e>KaTb.
2 (v adv pr) 6b1Tb He xy>Ke KorO-ll.; coxpaHATb T8KOH *e
cou..,anbHblH ..,11.., MaTep..,anbHbI ypOBeHb HapaBHe c

293
lIPyrnMH . Some people consider that they must keep up
wilh their neighbours. 0 HelCoTopble J1IOAH C'lHTaIOT, 'iTO
OHH He AOJ1)1(Hbi 6b1Tb >Cy)Ke CBOHX coceAeiii.
3 (v adv pr) 3HaTb nOCJ1e,IJ,HHe HOBOCTH; AepJKaTb yxo
BOCrpO, HOC no Berpy . I like him for keeping up with
the times. 0 OH MHe HpaBHTCR TeM, 'frO HAeT B HOry co
BpeMeHeM.
4 (v adv pr) no,o,o.ep)l(HBaTb KOHTaKTbI C lCeM-J1. (BH-
3MT8MH, nepenHcKoH H T.n.) .-He tried to keep up with
her, but as time went by he wrote her more and more
rarely. 0 OH CTapanCR no,o,o.ep)l(HBaTb nepenHCK)I C Heiii,
HO C Te'ieHHeM BpeMeHIII OH nlllcan eiii pe)l(e "I pe)l(e.
kick sb down
(v n adv) WBblpHyrb, C6POCIIITb KOro-J1. BHH3 y.Q;3poM
Horlll, nHHICOM; nOeanlllTb 1C0rO-J1. . Did you see him kick
his opponent down? 0 1b1 BHAeJ1, KaIC OH nHYJ1 CBoero
npOTl1BHlllKa?
kick sth up
1 (v n adv) nOAHHMaTb, WBblpRTb 'fr0-J1. BBepx; npH-
BOAHTb 'iTO-J1. B nOJ1Hbliii 6ecnopRAOIC . We put new car-
pet on the floor, but some time later the children had _
kicked it up. 0 Mbi yno)l(HJ1H HOBbliii KOBep Ha nOJ1, HO
y*e 'iepe3 HeKOTopoe BpeMR OH 6b1J1 C6HT AeTbMH.
2 ( v ad\' n ) C03.Q;3BBTb, 3aTeBBTb, nO,IJ,HHMaTb WYM,
CKaHA8J1, cye-ry "I T.n. . My wife will kid up a fuss if I
don't come in time. 0 MOR )l(eHa YCTpolllT WYMHXY, ecJ1H
R He nplllAY BOBpeMR.
knock sb I sth down (v n adv) [HMeeTCR n H adj]
1 C6HTb 1C0ro-J1. (e Hor), ceanlllTb 'frO-J1., CHeCT\1 3M-

294
ME
Hille, orp8AY III T.n.; nocnaTb Koro-n. B HOK,0,8YH (8 60K-
ce) . He was knocked down bv a car. 0 Ero c6111na MB.-
wlilHa. . prov You can't knock down a wall with a pea-
shooter. 0 nocno 1160M CTeHY He npowlII6eWb. :=) break
down, pull down
D knockdown
In] COKPywIIITenbHblj;1 YAap; HOK,0,8YH (8 60Kce); nono-
>KeHllle Ha nony (8 6opb6e) . After such a .trong blow
his opponent got a knockdown. 0 Ero npOTIIIBHlII1C OIea-
3anCSl B HOKJJ.aYHe nOCJle TaKoro clllnbHoro YJapa.
[adj] COKPywIIITenbHblj;1, cHorcwIII6aTenbHblIIt (06 Y.Qa-
pe, apryMeHTe U T.n.) . It was a knockdown argument
for everybody. 0 STOT HeonpOBep>KIIIMblj;1.o.0BO.o. y5e.o.lo1n
Bcex.
2 c6111BaTb, nOHIII>KaTb l\eHbl; y6e.o.IiITb, ynoMaTb 1C0ro-Jl.
CHIiI3111Tb l\eHy . Try to knock (him) down afew pounds.
o nocrnpaj;1cSI (yroBOplllTb ero) CHIiI31i1Tb ueHY Ha He-
CKOJlbKO q,VHTOB CTepnIllHrOB. :=) beal down
D knockdown
In] CHIiI>KeHllle (ueHbI) . Towards evening all the goods
were coming at a knockdown price. 0 K se'lepy Bce TO-
Bapbl wnlll no HIiI3K0j;1 ueHe.
3 ArnE aapa6aTbiBaTb, nOJlY'laTb .o.eHbrlil . He is looking
for a position where he could knock down good monI'.
o OH IilLUeT .o.OJl>KHOCTb, Ha KOTOPOj;1 CMor 6b! aarpe6aTb
xopowlile .o.eHbrlll. :=) knock up
knock (sb/sth) up rUMeeTCR n]
1 (v n adv) y.o.apoM no.o.6pocIiITb '1TO-n. BBepx . He
knocked the ball up and I caught it. 0 OH no.o.6pocliln
MSI'I. iii SI nOIitMan ero.

295
2 (v n adv) nOAHATb, Pa36YAKTb lCoro-n. CT)lKOM (8
JJ,8epb, 8 OKHO J1 r.n.) t If yoU don "t mind /'Jlknoclc you
up at about 7 0 'clock tomorrow? 0 ECnlo1 Bbi He B03pa-
JKaeTe, A nocT)''IY saM OKono ceMI-I 38BTpa?
3 (v n adv) CKOnOTI-ITb '/To-n. Ha CKOPYIO PYKY; H8CKOpO,
Koe-KalC npl-lroTOBI-ITb, YCTpomb '/To-n. t To not miss
the train we had to knock up a meal and talre it with us.
o YT06b1 He on03AaTb Ha noe3A, HaM npl-lWnOCb Ha-
CKOpO npl-lrOTOBI-ITb LlTO-HI-I6YAb noecTb 1-1 B3ATb 3TO C
co60i'i.
4 () yrOMnATb, I-ICTOlll3Tb 1C0ro-n.; ocna6nsrrb
Koro-n. (0 TflJKenOM Tpye, 0 6one3HJ11of r.n.) t His ill-
ness knocked him up" OOH O'leHb CA3Jl nocne 60Jle3HI-I.
5 (v n adv) BrE 38pa6aTbiBaTb, nOJly'!aTb AeHbrl-l t He is
looking for a position where he could knock up good
money. 0 OH "'L4eT AOn>KHOCTb, Ha 1C0TOpO£\ CMor 6b1
38rpe6aTb xopow..,e AeHbr..,. ::::) knoel, down
6 (vadv) pa3M..,HaTbCA, AenaTb pa3M..,HKY (oco15eHHo 8
TeHHJ1Ce) t Before the game we usually knock up. 0 ne- t
peA ..,rpoi'i Mbi 06b1L1HO AenaeM pa3M..,HKY.
o knock-up
[n] Pa3M..,HK3 (oco6eHHO 8 TeHHlofce) t The players ....
were given time for a knock-up. 0 Y..aCTH..,K3M 6b1no MIIIII
MHO BpeMA Ha pa3M..,Ht<y.
land up
(v adv) pa3r. O'iyt11TbCA, OKa38TbCA t I am afraid you'll
land up in prison. 0 60lOCb, Tbi OI(8)KeWbCA B TlOpbMe.
::::) end up
lay sb/sth down (v n adv) [J1MeeTCSI n]
1 K11aCTb, nOnO>KI-ITb Koro-n./LiTo-n. tIt s time to lay the

296
baby down into his little bed. 0 nOpa YK/la,D,blBaTb pe-
6eHKa B ICpOBaTl<:Y.
2 npeAf1CblBaTb 'iTO-/1.; yrBep>K,D,aTb, 38RBI1RTb, YCTa-
HaBI1BaTb 'iTO-/1. . Lay it down as an axiom that you
should stay away from him. 0 nplo1M 38 alCcoMY. '/TO
TbI AO/1>keH Aep>kaTbCR OT Hero nOA8l1bwe. => set down
3 38nacaTb, XpaHTb 'iTO-/1. (s norpe6e, H8 '1ep.Q8Ke H
T.n.) . Your father managed to lay Ihis bollie of wine
down before your birlh. 0 TBoH OTe" nocTapancR 38-
naCT STY 6yrblJlI<Y BHa nepeA TBOM pO>kJ),eHl1eM.
=> put down
4 COCTaB1lRTb 'iTO-/1. (nn8H, CKeMY), 3aK1la,D,blBaTb'iTO-11.
(3.lIBHUe, Kopa6nb U T.n.) . We have 10 lay down a new
floor in the upstairs room. 0 HaM npAeTcR Ha'iaTb
K/laCTb HOBbliiI nO/1 B BepXHeiil KOMHaTe.
5 CABBaTb opy>ke, CK/la,D,blBaTb n011HOMO'iR, OTKa3b1-
BaTbCR OT AO/1>kHOCTI1; OCTaB11RTb HBAe>kJ),Y. Don't lay
down your hope... of success. 0 He oCTaB11RH Ha,D,e)l(Jl,bI
Ha ycnex.
D laydown
[nJ nposan, HeYAa'ia . He was pursued wilh laydowns.
 0 HeYAB'i npeCl1eAOBan ero.
 lay sb/sth up (uMeeTCR n]
1 () aanacaTb '1TO-/1.; OTK/lCl,AblBaTb, 1C0nl1Tb
'iTO-/1. . They should lay up much food. 0 M cl1eAyeT
CKonTb XOPOWIoIH 3anac nUWI. . prov Penny and penny
laid up will be many. 0 nocn. KoneHKa py6/1b 6epe>keT.
2 (v n adv) CTaBTb MaWHY (SblWe,o.wylO U3 CTpOR) Ha
peMoHT, Ha BpeMeHHYIO CTORHK)' . J laid my bicycle up
at home for the winter. 0 51 nOCTaB/1 CBOH Be/10Cnel1
AOMa Ha 3I1MY.

297
clay-up
In) npOCTO (M8W"'Hbi '" T.n.). The car needs taking off.
the road for a short lay-up. 0 M3WHHY l"pe6yeTcJI no-
CT3BHTb B CTOPOHY OT AoporH H3 KOpOTKH peMOHT.
3 () npHICOBaTb 1C0ro-Jl. K nOCTeJlH. K AOMY ("'3-38
6one3H'" '" T.n.) . This illness had laid me up for afew
weeks. 0 60Jle3Hb npHICOBaJ13 MeHJI K nOCTeJlH H3 TpH
HeAeJlH.
clay-up
In) BpeMeHH3J1 HHBaJ1HAHOCTb, 60Jle3Hb; BblHY'f<AeH-
Hbli1 HeBblxoA H8 pa60TY . Where is Mr. Ivanov? - He
is on a lay-up. 0 rAe rocnOAHH BaHOB? - OH H3 6011b-
HH<jHOM.
leave sth down (v n adv)
1 OCT3BHTb <jTO-11. BHH3Y, H3 HH)I(HeM ypoBHe . Leave
the cups down so that the children could get them.
o nYCTb <j3WKH 6YAyr BHH3Y, <jT06b1 AeTH MOfJlH AO-
CT3Tb HX.  leave up, stay down
2 COXP3HJlTb, Aep)l(3Tb 3BYK HerpOMICHM H11H CBeT
HeCHJlbHblM . Leave the light down. 0 OcT8Bb cseT
Cna6b1M.
leave sth up
() OCT3BHTb <jTO-Jl. BBepxy, H3 BepxHeM ypoBHe
. It'll be bener. if we leave the decorations up for an-
other day. 0 llY'fwe, eCJlH YKp3WeHHJI OCT3HyrCR BBepxy
Ha C11eAYIO AeHb.  leave down
leave sth up to sb
(v n adv pr) OCT3BJlJlTb <jTQ-11. H3 YCMoTpeHHe KOro-Jl.;
B03JlO)l(HTb<jTO-11. H3 KOrO-Jl. (06oTseTcTseHHocrn, 0
-

298
.
peWeHI-II-II-I T.n.) . Why should I decide? I'd belter lell\1e
it up to my wife. 0 nO'ieMY R AOl1)l(eH pewaTb? JlY'iwe R
npeAOCTasmo 3TO csoeiil >KeHe. = leave to;  be upto
let (sb/sth) down [I-IMeeTCR n]
1 (v n advJ cnYCKaTb, onycKaTb 'iTO-l1.; pOHRTb'iTO-11.;
oCl1a611RTb, 3aMeAllRTb, YMeHbwaTb 'iTO-Jl. (CKOpOCTb,
Ka'leCTBO 1-1 T.n.) . You have to let down the speed there.
o Te6e npHAeTCR CHI-131-1Tb TaM CICOpOCTb . He let him-
self down from his window with a rope. 0 OH cnYCTI-111CSI
co csoero OKHa no sepeSKe.
D letdown
[0] oC11a611eHl-1e, 3aMeAlleHl-1e; na,p,eHl-1e, YXYAweHlo1e
. Try to ensure a letdown for the rope. 0 nocTapaiilcSl
06eCne'imb sanac AIlR SepeSKI-1.
2 (v 0 adv) nOASOAHTb KorO-l1., nOKl-1,o,aTb KorO-l1. S 6e-
Ae; pa30'iapOSblSaTb ICOro-11. . Don't let down your
friend. 0 He nOABOAI-1 csoero APyra.
D letdown
[0] pa30'iapOBaHlo1e; 06MaH . He had so many letdowns
in the past that now he trusts no one. 0 OH I-1Me11 CT011b-
KO pa30'iapOSaHllliiI, liTO Tenepb HI-1ICOMY He Sepl-1T.
3 (v 0 adv) sblnyclCaTb, SbllCa'iI-1BaTb B03AYX, raa:
CnyCTIIITb WI-1HY 1-1 T.n. . Being angry with me he let down
the back lyres of my car. 0 Pa30311I-1BWIIICb Ha MeHR, OH
npOICOJl011 38AHee K011eco Moeiil MaWI-1HbI.  blow up,
go down
4 (v n adv) pa3r. JlI-1WI-1Tb KOro-Jl. YBepeHHOCTIII, no-
BIIITb 'ieiil-11. AYX; 06eCKYPIDKlllBaTb KorO-11.; paCCTpOIo1Tb
1C0ro-11. <O::'IaCTO Passive'» . After those words he jelt let
down. 0 nOC11e Tex C110B OH He 3Han, KY,o,a ce6R AesaTb.

299.
D letdown
In] paccTpo£1cTBO . It was a serious letdown for me to
learn of this news. 0 ,lJ.nR MeHR 6b1T10 cepbe3HblM YIJ,;3.-
paM YCI1b1WaTb 3-ry HOBOCTb.
5 (v adv. v n adv) npo"'3BoA"'Tb nIlaH"'PYIOw.",£1 cnycK
l1eTaTel1bHoro annapaTa nepeA nocaAKo£1; HaaTb
cnycK erO-I1. nepeA nocaAKo£1 . Try to let the plane
down gently. 0 CTapa£1cR MeAIleHHO CIDKaTb caMol1eT.
. Very,' interesting to watch the plane let down. 0 OeHb
I1HTepeCHO Ha611IOIJ,;3.Tb KaK caMOl1eT C3AI1TCSt.  put
down
6 (v adv) ArnE pa3r. oCT1a611RTb HanpR>KeHl1e B pa60Te,
YMeHbwaTb YC"'I1"'R . Don "t let down rill the job is fin-
ished. 0 He TepRH TeMna B pa60Te, nOKa OHa He no-
Aowl1a IC ICOHLlY.  let up
D letdown
In] oCl1a611eHl1e, YXYAweHl1e fpa60Tbi. ycunuH) + No
letdown till the job is finished. 0 HI1KaK"'x nocl1a611e-
HI1£1. nOKa pa60Ta He 3aKOHeHa.
· let the side down
() pa3r. 3aAeBaTb KorO-I1. (ApY3eii, 06eCTBO), I!'I':'tIIIIII
3,iTparl1BaTb %11-11. I1HTepeCbl. Don 'r do that, or you'll ..
let the side down. 0 He Ael1a£1 3TOro, I1Ha'fe TbI 3aAeBa-
eWb APyrl1x.
let (sb) up [l1MeeTCR n]
1 (v n adv) n03B011RTb KOMY-I1. nOAHRTbCR . Don't let
this man up. 0 He nycKa£1 3Toro e110BeKa HaBepx.
2 (v adv) pa3r. nOCTeneHHO cnaJJ.aTb, YMeHbwaTbCR,
oCT1a611RTbcR, CXOAI1Tb Ha HeT (0 HanpRJKeHUl1, 6,qu-
TenbHocrn, ycunuRx, 0 nnoxux noro,qHblX ycnoBI1Rx 11

300
MJIm
T..Q.) .1 was afraid that the pain would never Ie, up. 0 SI
60RnCR, 'jTO 60nb Ha.1Kor,p,a He npOI4JJ,eT. => let down
c letup
[n] ocna6neHa.1e, YXYJJ,weHlole (pa6oTbi. YCIofnlofH) . No
letup till the job is finished. 0 HIolKalCa.1X nocna6neHIo114,
nOKa pa60Ta He 3aKOH'jeHa.
let up on sb
(v adv pr) CMRNaTbCR B OTHOWeHa.1101 Koro-n., o6pa-
l1.laTbCR C KeM-n. MeHee cypOBO; nepeCTaTb npWJ.a.1-
paTbCR IC 1C0My-n.; OCTaBnRTb Koro-n. B nOKoe . Why
doesn't she let up on him? 0 nO'jeMY OHa He nepeCTaeT
npa.1JJ,a.1paTbCR K HeMY?
lie down
(v adv) [HMeeTCII n H inv] ne'lb, npl'lne'lb (OT.QOXH}'Tb,
nocnaTb) . I feel bad and I'll go to lie down. 051 'jYB-
CTBYIO ce6R Hexopowo 101 nOI4JJ,Y nplo1nRry. . prov He that
lies down with dogs must rise up with fleas. 0 nocno C
KeM nOBeJJ,ewbCSI, OT TOro 1'1 Ha6epewbCSI. => get up,
rise up
c lie-down
[n] 1C0POTKI'I14 OTJJ,blX (neJK8) . I /iJre to have a lie-down
after dinner. 0 nocne 06e,p,a R mo6nlO nOneJKaTb.
- down-lying
[n] OTXOJJ, KO CHY: BpeMR CHa
· lie down on the job
(v adv pr) pa3r. pa60TaTb cnYCTR PYKaBa, C npoXJla.o.e
.1 can " give him a good mark. he is lying down on the
job. 0 51 He MOry ,p,aTb aMY XOPOWYIO OeHKy, OH nnoxo
pa60TaeT.

301
lie down under 8th
(v adv pr) npOSlBnRTb nOICOpHOCTb, 6e3pOnOTHO
nOA'iIilHSlTbCSI 'ieM}'-n., CHOClIITb'iTO-fl. . J had to lie
down under an insult. 0 MHe nplilWflOCb npOrnOTIlTb oc-
Kop6neHlile. ::::) sit down under
live 8th down
(v n adv) aaCTaBIiITb 3a6b1Tb npownylO BIiIHY, nperpe-
weHIiISlIiI T.n. ''48CTO co CnOB8M'" can, could, would + never
. She could never hope to live down Irer criminal
record. 0 OHa He Morna Ha,D,eRTbCSI aarna,D,IiITb CBoe yro-
nOBHoe npownoe.
live up to 8b 18th
(v adv pr) >KIiITb cornaCHO 'ieMy-n. (npHHwmaM. e-
anaM. npaBunaM u 7:n.); 6b1TbAOCT0i1HblM Koro-n./ 'ie-
ro.n., onpaBA8Tb 'iTO-n. (Ha,Qe)/(,Qbl, OJlGf,llaHuR) . This
car fails to live up to our requirements. 0 :3Ta MaWIiIHa
He BblAep>KIilBaeT npeAbSlBnReMbiX HaMIiI Tpe60BaHIili1.
· live it up
( v n adv ) pS3r. BeCTIiI nerKYIO. pa3rynbHYlO >K1iI3Hb.
nonHYIO YAoBonbCTBIiIH; KYTIIITb, npe,AaBaTbCSI 6YHHblM 
pa3Blle'ieHIiIRM . They invite you to live it up in Yalta. 
o OHIII nplilrnawalOT Bac WIiIK3pHO npoaeCTIil BpeMR B
5InTe.
look down
(v adv) nOTynlilTb B30p, onYCTIIITb rnaaa . She looked
down in embarrassment. 0 B CMYll.leHlII1II 0H8 onycTlIIJ1a
ma3a.


302
look down on I upon sb I sth (v adv pr)
1 6b1Tb paCn0110)l(eHHblM Bblwe 1C0rO-I1./&jerO-I1., 3a-
TeMHSlTb ICOro-I1./&jTO-I1. ceOIilM 6011ee BbiCOKIilM n0110-
)l(eHllleM, paCn0110)l(eHllleM . The church stands on a
hill, looldng down on the village. 0 l!epKoBb pacn0l10- .
)l(eHa Ha XOI1Me Bblwe AepeBHIII.
2 cMoTpeTb Ha KOro-I1./&jTO-ll. CBblCOKa, C npe3pe-
HllleM; npe3111paTb KOro-I1./&jTO-I1. . Atfirst, her parellts
looked down on her marriage. 0 CHa&jaJla ee pOAI-ITell111
C npe3peHllleM OTHOClIIl1l11Cb K ee 3aMYJKeCTBY.
look (sth) up
1 (v adv) nO,D.HIIIMaTb rIla3a . After J have called her she
didn't even look up. 0 nOCl1e Toro KaIC SI Ok11I11KHYI1 ee,
OHa AaJlC8 He nOAHSll1a roll0BbI.
2 (v adv) P83f". YI1Y&jwaTbcSI (o,p,enax, 0 6H3Heee H r.n.)
. Our trade affairs are beginning to look up. 0 Hawlil
ToproBbie Aella Ha&jIllHaIOT Ylly<1waTbCSI.
3 (v n adv) IIICKaTb C110BO 11111111 KaKYIO-I1. IIIH<!>opMaLU11O (B
cnOBspe unu CnpSBO'iHUKe); HaBOA).1Tb KaKYIO-I1.
cnpaBKY . J don't know the meaning of this word:
please, look it up in your dictionary. 0 fI He 3HalO 3Ha-
&jeHIIISI 3Toro cll0Ba; nOCMOTJ)III, nOJKaJ1y£1CTa, B CBoeM
clloBape.
4 (v n adv) pa3r. HaBeU\3Tb 1C0rO-II., 3arllS\D,blBaTb K
ICOMY-ll. . Don't forget to look him up when you are in
Moscow. 0 KorAa 6YAewb B MOCKBe, He 3a6YAb 3aeXaTb
K HeMY.
· look sb up and down
(v n adv) OCMaTplilBaTb 1C0ro-Il., OrllSlAbiBaTb KOro-l1.
cBepxy BHIII3 (e npe3peHueM, BO)f(,l1,eneHvteM U r.n.)

303
t After looking me up and down he asked me out.
o OICHYB MeHR BHIoIMaTellbHblM B3r11RAOM, OH nonpo-
CIilII MeHR Bbliirrlll.
look up to sb
(v adv pr) CMOTpeTb nOLJTIolTellbHO, C YBaJKeHllleM 10111111
BocxeHllleM Ha 1C0rO-II., YBaJKaTb KorO-II. tit seems
to me he is Mtlooked up to by anybody. 0 MHe Ka)l(eTCR,
ero HIolICTO He YBa>KaeT.
make (sb/sth) up [HMeeTCR n) .
1 (v n adv) COLJIoIHRTb, 1oI3MblWIIRTb, BblAYMblB8Tb LJTO-II.
('iaCTO C enblO HaCMeWHTb unu o6MaHyrb) . He often
ma/ces up different stories to make us laugh. 0 OH LJaCTO
COLJIoIHReT pa3Hble IoICTOplollll, LJT06b1 paCCMeWIoITb Hac.
2 () COCTaBIIRTb, C$OpMloIpoBblBaTb LJTO-II., co-
6111paTb LJTO-II. t The druggist will be able to make up a
medicine. 0 ArneKapb CMO)l(eT nprOTOBKTb lIeKapcTBo.
" make-up
[n] COCTaB; c60p; HaOop KaLJeCTB; xapaKTep ('ienOBeKa)
t Please, tes( the make-up of the substance. 0 nO>K8-
nyiiiCTa, npoeepbTe COCTaB SToro BeeCTBa. t They
must learn the make-up of a criminal. 0 OHIII AOII)l(HbI ..
1oI3YLJIIITb nCIilX011orlollO npecTYnHKa.
3 (v n adv) COCTaBl1RTb LJaCTb LJerO-11. l.Ie110rO, 6b1Tb OA-
HIolM 1013 rpynnbl t A jacket and trousers makes up a suit.
o nlllA)KaK 101 OplOlClol COCT8B11RIOT ICOCTIOM.
4 (v adv, v n adv) rplllMllipoBaTbCR, ICpacloITbCR, nYAPIolTb-
CR; rpIolMpOB8Tb. KorO-11. 10111101 LJbe-11. 111011.10; lCpacloITb,
nyAPIolTb LJbe-11. 11LlO t It takes her two hours to make
up for this part. 0 OHa ABa LJaca rplllMPyeTCR AflR 3TOiii

304
--
pOll. . Wait for a moment, /'1/ make my face up.
o nOAQ)K,A MHyrKY, R Hat<paWYCb.
a make-up
[n] rpM, KOCMeTKa . It ta/res her two hours to do her
make-up for this part. 0 OHa ABa aca rpMpyeTcR
,QJ1R 3TO" pOll.
5 (v n adv) BocnOllHRTb, B03MeTb, HaBepCTblBaTb
TO-ll. (ynYUleHHoe) . He quickly made up the leeway
in his studies. 0 OH 6b1CTpo llKBl-1,D,HpOB811 OTCTaBaHl-le
B y'!eOe.
6 (v adv, v n adv) nOMpTbCR: nOMpTb, npMpTb
KorO-ll., YllaATb '!TO-ll. <e03MOJKHO C nocl1e.QYIO"'M
npeWlo.-oM with» . We must make up differences, as
sooner as better. 0 MbI AOroKHbI KaK MOJKHO CKopee
Yll8,D,I1Tb pa3H0fJ1aCR. .'t s high lime they made (it) up
(with each other). 0 1-1M ,D,8BHO nopa nOMpHTbCR (.o.pyr
CAPyroM).
make (sb/sth) up to sb/sth
1 (v n adv pr) AOBOATb To-n. AO onpeAeneHHoro
KOlleCTBa; nOBblwaTb TO-ll. AO 1C0HKpeTHoro YPOBHR
./f you give me some money /'11 make my collection up
10 the necessary number. 0 ECll TbI ,D,8Wb MHe HeMHoro
AeHer, R AOBeAY KOJ1J1eKW'l1O AO HYJKHOrO 1C01leCTB8.
2 (v adv pr) pe3r. CTapaTbCR A06TbCR ll AOCnt%
bero-l1. paCnOllO>KeHR: llbCTTb KOMY-ll., n0,QJ13b1-
BaTbCR K KOMY-l1. t/f you don't make up 10 your boss
he'll hard(v help you. 0 ECll TbI He 6YAewb 38cKBaTb
nepeACBOM Ha'!811bHKOM, OH BpRAll nOMO>KeTTe6e.
3 (v n adv pr) pe3r. OTnl1aTTb, B03MeCTTb KOMY-ll.
TO-ll. ynyU!eHHoe, HeoeHeHHoe 1l Bblc:rpaAaHHoe

305
. /'11 make it up to you later for buying my ticket. 0 n03-
>Ke  Te6e OT,[UiM AeHbn., 3a KYnneHHbliiI MHe 6W1eT.
mess sth up (v n adv) [MMeeTCSJ n]
1 3anaLiKaTb, 3arp3HKTb LlTo-n. . I am afraid, you
messed up your sleeve. 0 \I13BKHKTe, HO Bbi KCnaLlICaI1K
CBOM PYKaB.
2 KcnopTKTb LlTo-n., HapywKTb nnaHbI HnH nOPAAoK;
npKBecTK B 6ecnoPAAoK LlTo-n.; npOBaI1HTb lCaKoe-n.
Aeo (8 T. 'I. 3K3BMeHbI) . Try not to mess up your driv-
ing test again. 0 nOCTapaMCSI He npoBaI1101Tb 31C3aMeH Ha
BO>KAeHKe CHOBa. . The fire messed up our plans. 0 Hs-
WIo1 nnaHbI 6b1nlo1 HapyweHbI nQ)l(apoM. => fuck up
D mess-up
[0] Heps36epHxs. nyrsHKl¥l . What a mess-up! 0 Hy 101
KaBSP,[UiKI or
move (sb) down (8th)
(v sdv. v pr, , v 0 pr) nOHIo13101Tb Koro-n. (8/J.onlK-
Hocm MnM 8 CTB1Yce. 8 3apnnaTe M T.n.); OnyCTJllTbCSI
(no COManbHOH HnH Cn}')Ke6HOH neCTHMe H T.n.) .It 's
a pity. but we have to move you down into an easier
form. 0 )f(aI1b, HO HSM nplo1AeTC nepeBeCTJII sac HS .
IC11SCC HIo1>Ke. . After such an article the author will move
down (the social scale). 0 nocne T8KOiil CT8Tblo1 aBTOp
CKaTIo1TCSI BHIo13 (no COUlo1811bHOiil neCTHIo1e). => move up
move up (sth)
(v adv. v pr) npoABIo1HyrbC (no Cny>Ke6HOH MnM
COHanbHoj;f neCTHHue M T.n.), nOBblCKTbCSI . 1 hope
you'll move up in a rating now. 0 H8AelOcb, LITO TBOM
peMTJIIHr Tenepb nOBblCIo1TC. . This article will help him

306
move up the social scale. 0 ::ITa CTaTbS1 nOMO>KeT eMY
npo.nBHYThCS1 no COlU'laJIbHOiii necTHu.e. ::) move down
111m
own up
(v adv) np3HaBaTbCS1 OTKpOBeHHO (8 C08epUJeHUU
npocrynK8, npecT}lnneHUR U T.n.) -<('faCTO C nocS1eAY1O-
UlHM npeA/lOrOM to)- . Her words drove me into a corner
and I owned up (to everything). 0 Ee CnOBa 3arHal1 Me-
HS1 8 yron,  S1 np3HaJlCS1 (80 8eeM).
pack down
(v adv) ynnoTHS1TbCS1, YKaTbiBaTbcS1, TPaM60BaTbCS1 . If
water comes iflto granulated .ugar it'll pack down.
o Ecn 80JJ,a nona,o,eT B caxapHbliii necolC, TO OHa 3a-
TBep.neeT.
pack up (8th)
1 (v adv, ) pa3r. npelCpaTb pa60TY  T.n., 3a-
ICpyrnS1Tb -KaKOe-H6y.nb .neno. CBopa'jBaTb .nena; no-
1C0H'jTb c 'jeM-n. <i:'faCTO co CS10BaMH may/might as well'i-
. If I don't like my job I might as well pack up. 0 Ecn
MHe He nOHpa8TCR MOR pa60Ta. R, 8nonHe BepoRTHo,
3aKpyrnlOCb. . I think /'11 pack up work. 0 Ka>KeTcR, R
6powy pa60TY. .
2 (v adv) pa3r. BbliiiTM 3 CTpOS1, cnopTTbCR (0 MOTOpe
U T.n.) . My engine packed up. 0 Moiii MOTOp OTICa3a11.
pass 8th down
(v n adv) nepeJJ,a8aTb 'jTO-I1. 3 nOlConeHIoIR 8
nOKOl1eHe . We could pass these clothes down to
younger son. 0 Mbi Morn 6b1 OCTaBIoITb 3TY o.ne'1KJJ.Y fJ.1lR
Ml1a,o,wero CblHa.  hand down

307
pass sth up
(v n adv) pa3r. ynycnlTb I.jTO-11., He BOCn011b30BaTbCSI
l.jeM-11.; OTK83aTbCSI OT l.jem-11. . Why did you pass the
business up? 0 nOl.jeMY Tbi He YXBaTlil11CSI 3a 3TO Ae110?
 pass over
pay up
(v adv) Bbln11al.jBaTb. paCnnal.jlllBaTbCSI (no OflraM /IIfl/ll
no asneH/IIeM); Bbln11al.jBaTb cn011Ha  BOBpeMSI
. Don 'I worry, he will pay up in the end. 0 He Oecno-
KoilcSl. OH B KOHe KOHOB. paCn11anITCSl.
pick (sb/sth) up (/IIMeeTCIi n /II adj]
1 (v n adv) nOAHIilMaTb, nOAOpaTb I.jTO-11. . I picked up
a coin off Ihe floor. 0 51 nOAHSl11 MOHeTY c n011a.
D pick-up
en] nOAbeM . Please, gel ready to give Ihem a pick-up.
o nO>KaJ1yi1cTa. nproToBbTecb nOAHSlTb x.
2 Iv n adv) 3aOllipaTb 1C0ro-I1'/I.jTO-I1. (B T.'I. nacca-
)K/IIPOB); B3S1Tb, 3aXBaTTb Koro-11./I.jTO-11. Ie KaKorO-fl.
MeCTa); 3ae3)K(iTb, 3aXOAIIITb 3a KeM-11'/l.jeM-11. . Will
he pick you up allhree 0 'clock? 0 OH 3aeAeT 3a BaM B 
Tpllll.jaca?  set down ....,
D pick-up
en] 3aXBaT, 3aXBaTblBaHe; cOop, nOAOop; C11yl.jaHHblH,
nonyrHbli1 naccaJI(p; nocl1eAHIlli1 noe3A . This is a
daily pick-up of mail. 0 310 - e>KeAHeBHaSi nOI.jTa.
[adj) COOpalOIIIH, YXBaTbiBalOH, 3aXBaTbiBaIOU4I1H
. We can offer you some pick-up services. 0 Mbi MO>KeM
npeAflO>KTb saM YC11yr no nepeS03K8M.

308
--
3 (v n adv) nOJ),6l11paTb KOrO-I1., cnacaTb KorO-I1. (OCO-
6eHHO Ha Mope) . We should pick up the survivors.
o Mbi J),OI1>KHbI cnaCTIil OCTaSWIIIXCR S >KIIISbiX.
4 (v n adv) pBar. n03HaKOMi1TbCR C lCeM-I1., nOJ),llenlllTb
KorO-I1. . He introduced to us the girl he picked up in
the street. 0 OH npe.o,CTaSi111 HaM .o,esywK}', 1C0TOPYlO
no.o,enllll1 Ha YI1I11e.
a pick-up
[n] cl1}"1alilHaR 3HaKOMaR . To be just a pick-up was the
uneasy feelingfor her. 0 AnR Hee 6b1110 Henpi1RTHO <jYB-
CTsosaTb ce6R npOCTO cl1Y'falilHOIiI 3HalCoMoliI.
5 (v n adv) nolilMaTb, cxsaTIIITb KOro-I1.; apeCTOBaTb,
3a6paTb lCorO-I1. . The police should pick him up. 0 no-
11i1i1i1 Cl1e.o,yeT aa6paTb erc.
a pick-up
[n] apeCT, 3aXsaT . The pick-up operation is a success.
o OnepaIIIR 3aXsaTa y.o,anaCb.
6 (v n adv) 6b1CTPO HaXSaTaTbCR KaICIllX-I1. 3HaHHI1;
nOJJ,XsaTHTb KaK}'IO-I1. HH<t>opMaHIO. cnl1eTHlO, YCl1b1-
waTb (cnY'IaHHO) <jTO-I1. (0 KOM-n.j'leM-n.). Where did
you pick up those rude words? 0 fJ),e Tbi HaxsaTaJ1CR
3THX rpy6b1x CI10S?  take up
7 () nOK}'naTb <jTO-I1. (cKopee Y.LIa'lHO) , npl<106pe-
TaTb <jTO-I1. ('1awe pe.o.Kpe, no cnY'IalO) . He filled rhe
room with a lor of rare thmgs picked up on his trips.
o OH aanOI1HHI1 KOMHal)' MHO>KeCTSOM peJ),KIIIX seel1.
npH06peTeHHbix S noe3.o,KaX.
8()no.o,enHTblCaK}'IO-I1.6011e3Hb;npl<106peCTH
KaK}'IO-11. npHSbI<jK}' . For almost two years he could
pick up the local accent. 0 3a .o,sa ro,a,a OH CMor npH-
06pecTH MeCTHbll1 aKeHT.

309
9 (v adv, v n adv) B0306HOBIlSlT, npOJJ.OIl>KaTb 'iTO-Il.
(nocne nepepblBa I-1nl-1 OCTaHOBKI-1 B paCCKB3e, I-1CTO-
pl-1l-1, pB3rOBOpe 1-1 T.n.) . We asked him to pick up where
he left off. () Mbi nonpocWlI-I ero Ha'iaTb C Toro MeCT8,
. rJJ.e OH OCT8HOBWlCfI.
10 (v 8dv) Bbl3JJ.opaBIll-lBaTb, nonpaBllflTbCfI, BOCCTa-
H88IlI-lB8Tb CI-IJ1b1 . If you are in bed a day or two, you '/I
soon pick up. () ECIlI-I Tbi nOlle>KI-IWb B nOCTell1-l JJ.eHb 1-1111-1
JJ.B8, Tbi CICOpO nOnpaBI-IWbCSI.
D pick-me-up
[n] TOHI-I3I-1pYIOee cpeJJ.CTBO, B036Y>KJJ.alOl-Ij;\ H8-
nl-lTOIC . It s the best pick-me-up. () 3TO ny'iwee cpeJJ.-
CTBO JJ.IlSl nOJJ.HSlTI-lSI TOHYC8.
11 (vadv, v n adv) npl-l61-1paTb (KOMHB1}' '" T.n.) . Pick
up your room before you go, pleare. () npl-l6epI-I ICOM-
HaTY, nO>KaJlycTa, nepeJJ. CBOI-IM YXOJJ.OM. . I am not
going to pick up after you. () 51 He C061-1palOCb y61-1paTb
as T06o.
play down 5th
() [HMeeTCR inv] npi-lYMeHbW8Tb, YMallSlTb'iblO-J1.
pollb, 'ibe-J1. 3H8'ieHl-le . One should not play down the 
significance of the case. () He cneAyeT npl-lYMeHbwaTb ..
3Ha'ieHl-le 3Toro cny'iaSl. :::) play up
- downplay
[v] npl-lYMeHbwaTb; npl-lrnywaTb
play (sb/sth) up
1 (v adv, ) paar. MY'iI-lTb KorO-Il.; Bbl3b1BaTb (y
KOro-J1.) 60llb, HeAOMOraHl-le. His rheumatism started
again to play (him) up. () Ero peBMaTI-I3M CHOB8
pa3blrpallcSI. :::) act up

310
2 (v adv, ) pa3r. Apa3HIo1Tb, pa3b1rpblBaTb (KO-
ro-Il.), cePAI'ITb, paa031llo1Tb (ICOrO-Il.) . Children often
play their mothers up, just for fun. () ,lJ,eTIo1 'IaCTO pa3b1-
rpblBalOT CBOIliX MaM aa6aBbi PBAIo1.
3 (v n adv) npeYBelllo1'1Io1BaTb 'ITO-Il., nOAHIo1MaTb WYM
BOKpyr 'Iero-Il., nplo1B11eKaTb BHIIIMaHlo1e lC'IeMY-Il. . He
always plays up the significance of his words. () OH
BcerAa npeYBelllo1'1lo1eaeT 3Ha'leHlo1e CBOIo1X CIIOB.  play
down
4 (v adv) CTapaTbCSI Io1rpaTb aKTIo1BHeiil, IlY'lwe . Play
up! Play up! () H8)KMIII, AaeaM!
play up to sb
(v adv pr) nOAblrpbleaTb ICOMY-Il. (SKTepy. Be.£lYUleMY);
CTapaTbCSI nOHpaBIo1TbCSI, IlbCTIo1Tb ICOMY-Il. . Playing up
to the boss is the best way to get promotion. () IlY'lwlo1M
cnoc06 Ao6101TbCSI nOBbiweHIo1S1 - 3TO IlbCTIo1Tb Ha'l8J1b-
HIo1KY. .
pOp down (v adv) = pop along I around I
down I in lover I round
.. pull sb I sth down (J1MeeTCSI adj)
1 (v n adv) onyCKaTb KOro-Il'/'ITO-Il.; cnlo1XHyTb, CTOIlK-
HYTb 1C0ro-IlJ'ITO-Il. (BHIo13) . Pull down the blinds. /'1/
develop the film. 0 OnycTIo1Te WTOpbl - SI 6YAY npo-
SlBIlSlTb nlleHKY.  draw down, pull up
D pulldown
[adj] OTKIIIAHOiil, CK113AHOiil . Don't stop here. take a
pulldown seat. () He oCTaHaBlllIIBaiilTecb 3Aecb, 3aiil-
MIo1Te oTKIoIAHoe CIIIAeHbe.

311
2 (v n adv) CHOCloITb "ITO-II. (3"QaHlile iii r.n.) . The old
building was pulled down. 0 CTapblH AOM CHeCII".
 break down, knock down
3 ('Lll..iKbl) pa3r. oclla611S!Tb KorO-I1. (0 3"QOPOBbB); "3HY-
Pffib, "CTOU\BTb 1C0rO-I1. . This illness pulled him down.
o 3Ta 60I1e3Hb."3HYP"l1a ero.  drag down, pllliup
4 (v n adv) pa3r. np"H">KaTb, YH">KaTb lCoro-n., CMMpS!Tb
ICOro-I1., C6"BaTb C 1C0rO-II. cneCb, nocpaMIIS!Tb KorO-II.
. Such a bad mark pulled me down. 0 TaKaS! nnoxaS1
OTMeTKa YH"3"lIa MeHS!.
pull (sb/sth) up [uMeeTC1l n]
1 (v n adv) nOAH"MaTb Koro-I1./"ITO-I1. (noAmruBa-
HlileM) . They were pulled up bya rope. 0 i-1x nOAHSU!" C
nOMOlllblO BepeBK".  pull down
D pull-up
[n] HaTIl>KeH"e (TOpM030B. BepeBKU U r.n.); nOATI'!-
r"BaH"e (Ha nepeKJI8,ljUHe) . I like to do a pull-up be-
fore going to bed. 0 SlI11061110 nOATS!r"BaTbCSI Ha nepe-
K11aA"He nepeA CHOM.
2 (vadv, v n adv) OCTaHaBI1"BaTb Koro-I1./"ITO-II.; OCTa-
HaBl1"BaTbCS!, Ael1aTb oCTaHOBKY (B nynr); CAep>K"BaTb 
ce6S! . He pulled his car up just near the wall. 0 OH ....
OCT8HOB"11 CBOIO MaW"HY Y caMOH CTeHbI. . The car
pulled up just near the house. 0 MaW"Ha OCTaHOB"l1aCb
Y caMOro AOM8.  draw up
D pull-up
[n] BHeaanHaS! ocr8HoBKa; (np"AOpO>KH8R) aaKYCO"lHaR
AIlR wo4>epoB; MecTO PRAOM C wocce AIlR CTOAHK"
MaW"H . That was the forced pull-up. 0 3TO 6b1118
BbIHY>KJJ,eHH8R OCT8HOBK8.
'j

312
3 () paar. OcroKI'IBaTb KOrO-Il.,; AellaTb KOMY-Il,
BbiroBOp, BbirOBapl'lBaTb KOMY-Il., ynpeKaTb KOrO-Il.,
BHe3anHO OOPYWI'ITbCSI Ha KOrO-Il. (pyrBR'" T.n.) . She
pulled him up for telling such all annoying thing. OOHa
oTpyrana ero 3a TO, 'iTO OH roBOpl'lT TaKYIO Henpl'lSiTHYIO
BeU\b.  take up
4 (v n adv) nOATSlrl'lBaTb, nOAOABl'lraTb KOrO-Il./'iTO-Il. K
KOMY-Il./'ieMY-Il. . Pull the chair up to me. 0 nOAO-
ABI'IHb CTyIl KO MHe.  draw up
5 (v adv. v n aclv) nOMO'ib ICOMY-Il. nOATSlHyrbCSI (s
3HBH"'fIX '" T.n.), nOATSlrl'lBaTb'iTO-Il. (Ao 60nee SblCO-
Koro ypOBHR); I'ICnpaBIlSlTb, YIlY'iWaTb 'iTO-Il. (3HBH"'R.
cnoco6HoCT'" '" T. n.); COBepweHCTBOBaTb 3HaH.I'ISI 1'1 T.n.;
AOroHSlTb, HaCTl'lraTb KorO-Il. (s copeSHOBBH"'W. B 6ere
'" T.n.) . He pulled up with the other nmners. 0 OH
HarHan APynotx 6eryHoB. . You should pull your English
up. 0 Bbi AOll)l(Hbi nOATSlHyrb Baw aHrnl'lj;jclC!o1j;j.
· pull one's socks up
(v n adv) paar. HanpSl'ib CI'Illbl; co6paTbcSI, B3S1Tb ceOSI B
PYKI'I . Don't cry, son! Pull up your socks! 0 He nlla'ib,
 CblHOK! B03bM!o1 ce6S1 B PYICI'I!
.. push sth up
(v n adv) YBelll'l'il'lBaTb, nOBbiWaTb 'iTO-Il. (AO KaKoro-n.
YPOBHR) . Such an unusual action pushed up demand
for consumer goods. 0 TaKoe Heo6b1'iHOe Aej;jcTBl'le YBe-
1ll'l'il'l1l0 cnpoc Ha nOTpeOl'lTellbCICl'le TOBapbl.
put (sb/sth) down [wMeeTcR n]
1 (v n adv) onYCKaTb KOro-Il./'iTO-Il., lCJlaCTb KOro-Il./
'iTO-l1. (Ha 3eMnlO '" T.n.) . After such her words he put

313
down the receiver. 0 nOCJ1e TaKI1X ee CJlOB OH nOBeCIIIJ1
Tpy6Ky. :::) stick dow"
2 (v adv, ) COBepWIIITb noca,o,Ky, npIll3eMJ1I11TbCSI;
nOCa,D,IIITb'lTO-n. (e8MoneT U T.n.) Ha 3eMJ1IO, Ha nOJ1e,
Ha a3pOAPoM III T.n. . This field looks like a good place
to put (the plane) down. 0 KBJKeTCSI, 3TO nOJ1e rOAI1TCSI
AnSI xopoweiii nOCa,D,KI1 (caMOJ1eTa).  let down, tau
off
D put-down
In] nOCa,D,K8 (e8MoneT8 U T.n.) . There is a good place
for a put-down in this field. 0 Ha 3TOM nOJ1e IIIMeeTCSI
xopowaSi nOCa,D,O'lHaSi nJ10IUa,o,Ka.
3 (v n adv) BblCBJKIIIBaTb. BbinyclCaTb 1C0rO-J1. (U38BTO-
tiyes U T. n.) . Would you put me down near that house.
please? 0 BblCa,D,IIITe MeHSI, nO>K8J1yiiicTa, PRAOM C TeM
AOMOM. => set down
D put-down
In] Bblca,o,Ka . How soon will a put-down be? 0 KorA8
OYAeT BblcaAK8 naCCBJKlllpoB?
4 (v n adv) nOCTaBIIITb '1TO-J1. Ha BpeMeHHoe xpaHeHllle
(1IIJ1111 Bb/Aep>KKy) (nuuW. BUHO U T.n.) . Last year we put
down this home-made wine. 0 B npOWJlOM roAY Mbi _
nOCTaBIIIJ1111 Ha BblAep>KKy 3TO BIilHO AOMawHero 1113ro-
TOBneHIIISI. => lay down
5 (v n adv) nOA8BJlRTb lCoro-n./'1TO-J1. CIIIJ1oiii. 3aCTaBIIITb
KOrO-J1. 3aM0J1'1aTb; npeceKaTb'lTO-J1. ....acTO Passive»
. You .should put down all this gossip. 0 TeOe CJ1eAyeT
npeCe'lb Bce 3nl CnJ1eTHIil.
6 (v n adv) paar. OAeprllleaTb, OCB)l(AaTb KOro-J1.; COIll-
BaTb cneCb C KOro-J1.; YHIII>KaTb, CMlllpRTb KOrO-J1. . Those

314
.
remarks put him down badly. 0 Ie 3aMe'iaHS! KpenKO
ero OCa,rJ.IIII1I11.
D put-down
[n] rpy60e CI10BO; pe3Koe, KOI1Koe 3aMe'iaHllle; nocTY-
nolC, IIIMelOH uel1blO YHIII3111Tb, oCKop6111Tb 11 nOCTa-
BIIITb Ha MeCTO . I can hear only put-downs from him.
o  CI1b1WY OT Hero OAHIII oCKop611eHIIIS!.
7 (v n adv) 3anlllCblBaTb 'iTO-I1. . I mllst put down every-
thing they speak. 0  AOl1)1(eH 3anlllCblBaTb ece, 'iTO OHIII
roBOpS!T.  be down, write down
· put one's foot down ( v n adv ) pa3r.
1 Ha)l(MaTb Ha ra3 (perynJnop CKOPOcr/ll) AIlS! YCKO-
peHIIIS! ABIII)I(eHR (MBW/IIHbI /II T.n.) . It s pos.vible in thi.
part of the road to put your foot down and enjoy it. 0 Ha
aTOM Y'iaCTKe wocce Tbi MO)l(eWb HIDKaTb Ha ra3  no-
I1Y'iTb OT :noro YAOBol1bCTBe.
2 TBepAO  peWTel1bHO BocnpoTBTbCS! 'ieMY-I1. . If
you don't stop shouting at me I'll put my foot down.
o ECI1I11 Tbi He npeKpaTWb opaTb Ha MeHS!, S! npMY
Mepbl.
put sb down as I for sb I sth
(v n adv pr) nplllHMaTb Koro-I1.f'iTO-I1. 3a lCoro-n.1
'iTO-n. . There was no onswel; and I put him down as a
deaf man. 0 OTBeTa He noCneAOBa110.  S! nOAYMa11, 'iTO
OH rnYXOH.
put sb down for sth
(v n adv pr) 3anCbleaTb lCoro-n., BHOCTb KorO-I1. B
cncolC AIlS! noceweHS!lCpy*Ka, WKOI1b1  T.n. . I asked
my mother to put me down for a swimming group. 0 Sj
nonpocW1 MaMY 3anCaTb MeHS! B rpynny nl1aBaHIIIS!.

315
put (sb/sth) up [J1MeeTCR n]
1 (v n adv) nOAHTb. nOBeCJIITb, 3aKpenJIITb '1TO-n.
(BbiCOKO). Every morning we put theflag up and every
evening lake it down. 0 Ka>KAoe yrpo Mbi nOAHIilMaeM
4>nar III KIDKAbI Be'lep onycKaeM ero. =:> take down
2 (v n adv) BblBeWJIIBaTb, nOKa3blBaTb, BbICTaBnTb
'iTO-n. (HB 0603peHJ1e. HB npop,B)I()' J1 T.n.) . I wanl to
put up a no lice aboul privale luitioll. 051 xo'!}' nOBeCJIITb
06"bSlB11eHllle 0 'iaCTHbIX YPOKaX. =:> come up for
3 (v n adv) CTpOJIITb, B03BOAJIITb, B03ABJllrSTb 'iTO-I1. . I
saw Ihem putting a house up. 0 51 BIilAen KaK OHJII CTpO-
11111111 .110M. =:> go up, take down
4 (v n adv) nOBbiwaTb, YBeI1J11'iIliBaTb <!T0-11. (l4eHblJ1 T.n.)
. We can 'I putlhe price up because of good demand.
o Mbi He MO>KeM nOBbiwaTb eHbl J113-3a xopowero
cnpoca. =:> /(0 up, send up
5 () OKa3b1BaTb, OpraHJII30BblBaTb conpoTIIIB-
l1eHllle; YCTpalliBaTb, 3aTeBaTb ADaK'(, 60pb6y. They put
up a fierce slruggle having unequal forces. 0 OHIII
BCTYnllll1J11 B O>KeCTO'ieHHYIO 60pb6y, JIIMeSl HepaBHble
CJIIl1b1. 
6 () BblCKa3b1BaTb, BblABJilraTb apryMeHT, IIIAelO, ...
AOBOAbi III T.n. . We ought to support the case which
he '/I put up. 0 Haw Aonr - nOA.D.ep>KaTb AOBOAbI, ICO-
Topble OH BbiABIilHeT. =:> put forward
7 (1I....D....a.d:, vadv) npeA/laraTb KOro-I1., %10-11. KaH.I1I11-
JJiJTYPY (8 T.'i. C801O) Ha AOI1>KHOCTb, Ha Bbl60pbl "'803- ' I
MO)l(HO C nocne.AYIOI1MH npe.Ql10raMH as. for'» . Let s put
her up as our commercial agent. 0 AaBaTe npeA/lO>KIIIM
ee KaHAIIIJJiJTYPY Ha AOI1>KHOCTb Hawero ToprOBoro
npeACTaBIIITen. . Are YOII puning (vourself) up for i
I

316
election to the State Duma? 0 Bbi BblABlilraeTe CBOIO
KaHAIIIAaT)'PY Ha Bbl60PbI B roCynapcTBeHHYIO AYMY?
 be up for
8 (v adv, v n adv) OCTaHaBIJIIIBaTbCS1 (B rOCnfHl1ue 11
T.n.); naBaTb KOMY-IJ. nplillOT, nplllHIIIMaTb KOro-l1. (roc-
TeH, nyrHI1KOB Ha HO'lneJ/CKY 11 T.n.) . We would like to
put up there with friends. 0 Mbi XOTeIlIil Obi OCTaHO-
BIIITbCS1 TaM Y APY3e . Tirey didn't put us up even for a
day. 0 OHIII He nYCTlIIl1l11 Hac na>Ke Ha OAlilH AeHb.
D put-up (put-you-up) .
[n) nplillOT, nplilCTaHIIIU,\e . Could I, please. rent a put-
you-up for some time? 0 Mory 11111 S1 'HO-HIII6YAb CHSUb
H8 BpeMR?
· put sb's back up
() f)asr. pa30311I11Tb, paccepAIIITb KOro-l1.; BbI-
BeCTIil KOro-l1. 1113 ce6S1 . With your word )'ou have put
his back up. 0 Tbi 3AOPOBO pa303Jl1ll11 era CBOIIIMI1
CIJOBaMIil. S get one";/sb's back up
· put one's feet up
(J£..D...ady) f)asr. OTAbixaTb, paccl1a6l11TbCS1 . It s high time
 you put your feet up. 0 ,lJ,aBHo nopa paccna6I11TbcS1.
 put sb up to sth I doing sth
(v n adv pr) nOACTpeKaTb, nOATal1KIIIBaTb, HaYCbKIIIBaTb
Kora-l1. K 'IeMy-n., Ha 'ITO-l1. (06b1'1HO Hexopowee) . I
can't forgive you for putting m)' son up to such sillv ac-
tions. 0 51 He MOry TeOS1 npOCTIIITb 3a TO, 'ITO Tbi nOA-
cTpeKaewb Moero CblHa Ha TaKlile mynble AeCTBI1R
 be up to, get up to

317
put up with sb I sth
(v adv pr) p83r. TepneTb, CHOCIIITb KorO-ll./'JTO-ll.;
MlllplllTbCR, nplllMlllpRTbCR C KeM-ll./'JeM-ll. t J can't put
up with him any more. 0 51 6011bwe He MOry MlllplllTbCR C
HIIIM.  stand/or
rake sth up
(v n adv) pa3r. BOpOWIIITb 'JTO-ll. (BocnOMHH8HHf/ H T.n.);
BbllllCKIIIBaTb KaKllle-ll. CBeAeHIIIR (06b1'1HO HexopowHe)
. I don't want to rake up our old quarrel. 0 51 He XO'l)'
BcnOMIIIHaTb Hawy npeJKHlO1O ccopy.
read sth up
(v n adv) npOCMOTpeTb CnelllllallbHO TeKCT, lll11Tepatypy
III T.n. (.Lv1f1 norOTOBKH K 3K38MeHY, .QIIR cepbe3Horo
H3Y'leHHR H T.n.) t/f)'ou don't read up the instruction,
)'01/ can't use this new TV-set. () EClll11 TbI He 1113y<1111Wb
IIIHCTpYKlIllllO. TbI He CMOJKeWb nOllb30BaTbCR 3TIIIM HO-
BblM TelleB1II30pOM.
read up on sth
(v adv pr) YllY'JWlIITb CBOIII 3HaHIIIR no KaKoMy-n. npeA- 
MeT)' 11111111 B KaKOIA-ll. 06naCTIII 3HaHlllIA ('1epe3 '1TeHHe __
nHTeparypbl H T.n.) . I need so much to read up on two
subjects till tomorrow. 0 MHe HYJKHO O'JeHb MHoro 1113Y-
'fIllTb no ABYM npeAMeTaM AO 3BBTpa.
ride sb down (v n adv)
1 38ABBIIITb. 3aTonTaTb 1C0ro-n. (M8WHHOiir, nOW8/1.blO H
T.n.) . Thi. man is now in hospital after a motorbike
rode him down. 0 3TOT 'Jell0Bek celA'Jac B 6011bHlIIlIe
nOClle TOro, KaK OH 6b111 C6111T MOTOlllllK1l0M.

318
-
2 3arOHRTb, BbiMaTblBaTb 1I0W3Ab III T.n. . They rode the
horse down because he was not so young. 0 OHIII 38-
rH81I1111I0W3Ab, TalC KaK OHa He TaK8R Y'K M01l0.D.8R.
ring (sb/sth) up
(v adv, v n adv) 3BOHIIITb, Bbl3b1B8Tb KOro-lI. no
Tellecj>oHY . Did you ring (me) up yesterday? 0 Bbl 3BO-
HIIIIII11 (MHe) B'Iep8?  call up
rise up (v adv) [uMeercR inv]
1 nOtJ,HIIIMaTb BBepx; BCT8B8Tb Ha Horlll . Do you like to
look at .moke that Is rising up Jrom the night bonfire?
o Te6e Hp8BIIITCR CMOTpeTb Ha ,AblM, KOTOPblH notJ,HIII-
MaeTcR OT Be'lepHerO KocTpa?  lie down
- uprising
(n]BcT8B8Hllle;notJ,beM
2 B03HIII1C8Tb, BCnblXIllBaTb, pa3ropaTbCR (0 'iYBCTaax,
3MOLlMRX'" T.n.) . After such her words his anger rose
up. 0 nocne TaKIllX ee CIIOB B HeM BCnblXHYII rHeB.
- uprising
(n] nORB1IeHllle, B03HIIIKHOBeHllle
3 BoccraBaTb (nporuB Koro-n.j'iero-n.) B03MO)l(HO c
noCneAYIOIMi'IM npeA/10rOM against' . Many oj our teach-
ers are going to rise up and demand their salary. 0 MHO-
rille HaWIil Y'lIIITeIlR COOlilpalOTCR BOCCT8Tb III nOTpe-
60B8Tb CBOIO 3apnIl8Ty.
- uprising
(n] BOCCTaHlile
roll (sth) up (sb/sth) [uMeeTeR n U adj)
1 (vadv, v n adv) CKaTblB8Tb, CBepTbiBaTb '1TO-II. (KoBep,

319
KapTY '" T. n.); 3aBepTblBaTb 'no-II.; CBepTblBaTbCR (8
""yOOK'" T.n.) . Try catching a hedgehog. he '/I at once
roll up into a ball. 0 nonpo6yi'i AOTpOHyrbCR AO e>K8, OH
cpa3y CBepHeTCR KJJy6KOM. . All these goods should be
rolled up for the night. 0, Bce 3TIo1 TOBapbl cneAyeT 3a-
BepTblBaTb Ha HO'Ib.
Droll-up
[n] C\IIrapeTa, CKPY'ieHHaR 1013 6YMarlo1 BPY'lHYIO; ca-
MOlCpyrKa . He always smokes roll-ups. 0 OH KYP\llT
TonbKO caMOKpyrK\II.
[adj) CBOpa'lIo1BalOlltlo1i'icR, CKPY'I\IIBalOlltlo1i'icR . The
teacher brought a roll-up map. 0 Y'IIo1TeJ1b np\llHeC CBO-
pa'l\llBalOlltYIOCR Kap-ry.
2 (v adv pr) TR)I(eJ10, Bcei'i Maccoi'i HaKaTblBaTbCR, Ha-
ABlo1raTbCR Ha KOrO-J1./'ITO-J1. . A column of enemy's
tanks rolled up the village. 0 K0J10HHa Bp3)l(eCICIo1X TaH-
KOB Ha,D,B\IIranaCb Ha AepeBHIO.
3 (v adv) 3aRBJ1RTbCR, HarpRHyrb (8 meT"', C np08epKoiil
'" T.n.) . They rolled up without any notice. 0 OHIo1 3a-
RB\IIJ1Io1Cb 6e3 BCRKoro npeAynpe)l(,lJ,eH\IIR.
· roll one's sleeves up
(v n adv) pasr. 3aCY'I\IITb pYlCaBa, nplo1rOTOBIo1TbCR IC 
cePbe3HOi'i pa60Te . It's high time you rolled your 
sleeves up! 0 AaBHo nopa nplo1HRTbCR Cepbe3HO 3a pa-
6o-ry!
round sth down
(v n adv) olCpyrnRTb 'I\IICJ10 B MeHbWYIO CTOPOHY . I pre-
fer to round the goods prices down. 0  npeAnO'l\llTalO
oKpymRTb 14eHbI Ha TOBapbl B MeHbWYIO CTOPOHY.
=> round up

320
-
round sth up (v n adv) [uMeeTcR n]
1 oKpyrnS'!Tb '1cno B CTOPOHY YBeIl'1eHS'! . He prefers
to round tlte goods prices up. <> OH npeAnO'llITaeT
OKpyrmfTb ueHbI Ha Toaapbl S CTOPOHY yseIl'1eHA.
=> round down
2 c06paTb SMeCTe I1IOAeiii IIIn )KIi1BOTHbJX; crOHSfTb
CKOT, Ta6YHTb I10waAeiii . Round up all our class for
diswssillg this incident. <> C06epillTe seCb Haw KIlacc
Af1S'! OOC}I)KJJ.eHIi1S'! :noro cny'laS'!.
D round-up
[n] 3arOH (cKoTa); c60p (nlO.lleM) , CSOAKa (HosocTeiii)
. The director has fIXed the day of our round-up.
<> Ali1pelCTop Ha3Ha'lli1I1 AeHb Af1S'! Hawero c60pa.
rub (sb/sth) down [uMeeTCR n]
1 Iv adv, v n adv) CTli1paTb, CAli1paTb, O'lIi1L1¥lTb KaKYIO-I1.
nosepXHOCTb (.anA .lIiJ/IbHeiilweM nOKpaCKU, nOKpblTUR /01
T.n.) . Before applying new paim you should rub the
walls down. <> nepeA TeM, KaK HaJ10)KTb HOSYIO ICpacKY,
cneAyeT O'lCTIi1Tb CTeHbJ OT crapo£!. . Rub down well
before applying the coat. <> XopoweHbKo o'lli1L1¥liii,
npe)I(Ae '1eM HaHocTb nOKpblTe.
D rub-down
[n] (3a)'1CTKa. WIl<t>OSlCa . Give this surface a rub-
down and tlten get down to painting. <> 3a'lCTIi1 3Ty
nosepxHocTb  3aTeM npli1cTYna£! K nOlCpacKe.
2 (v n adv) 06T\o1paTb 1C0ro-n. Hacyxo, SblTli1paTb'lTO-I1.
. After each swim you should rub yourself down dry.
() nocne KIDK,Aoro KYnaHS'! Tbi AOI1)KeH Hacyxo oOTe-
peTbCS'!.

321
D rub-down
[n] 06nlpaH"e . Don't forget a rub-down with a towel.
o He 386YAb 06TepeT nOl1oTeHu,eM.
rub 8th up (v n adv) [.,MeeTeR nJ
1 H8'1"utaTb, nOI1"pOB8Tb '1TO-I1. (AO '1"CTOTbi 1111"
611eCI(8) . How nice 10 realize that our children rubbed
up these chairs. 0 KaK npl1S1THO C03H8B8Tb, '1TO 3T"
C1)'l1bSl 6b11111 OTn0I1"pOB8HbI AO 611BcKa H8WI1M"
AeTbM".
Drub-up
[n] n0I1"poBK8.lt '/I be belter if you give some rub-up
to this part. 0 6YAeT I1y-1WB, BCI1" Tbi nonol1l1pyewb 31)'
AeTaJ1b.
2 paar. OCBe)l(8Tb (8 n8MflT.,) IC8K"e-l1. 3H8H"SI, CBe-
AeH"SI . Before going to school I musl rub up my home
task. 0 nepeA TeM, 1C8K ".D.nI B WICOI1Y, SI AOJ1)l(eH no-
BTOpl1Tb Moe .D.OM8WHee 38,1J,8H"e. => brush up
Drubbing-up
[n] nOBTOp . I mw'l do the rubbing-up of my English.
o MHe Ha,a,O OCBe)l(mb MOI1 3HaH"SI no aHr11"MCICOMY.
rub up against sb 18th (v adv pr)
11C8C8TbCSI '1ere-11., 3a,a,eB8Tb'lTO-11. . Where have you
rubbed up against wet paint? 0 rAe Tbi aa,a,e113a CBe)l(}'1O
Kp8CKY?
2 BCTpeTI1TbCSI C lCeM-11. (CflY'/aHHo), HaTol1KHyrbCSI H8
KorO-I1., CT011KHyrbCSI C KeM-11. . You can rub up
against her there. 0 Tbi MO)l(eWb cny'l8MHO BCTpeT"Tb ee
TaM.
..
II B. r. CTOlliIP


11m
run (sb/sth) down [I-1MeeTCR n]
1 (v adv) OCTaHaBnlllBaTbCSI, npeKpauw.Tb pa60TaTb,
3aT)lX8Hllle (0 MeX8HI-13Me. M8WI-1He, 1./8Cax 1-1 r.n. no
npl-1l./l-1He OTKJllOl./eHl-1f1 3Heprl-11-1, 1-13HOca, OKOHI./8HI-1f1
38BOA81-1 T.n.) . When the motor runs down it can be
laken from this place. 0 MOTOP MO>KHO B3S1Tb OTCIOA8.
KorA8 OH OCTaHOBIIITCSI.
2 (v adv, v n adv) CHI-I>K3TbCSI, cOKpalUClTbcSI (0 I./I-1C-
neHHOCTI-1. 0 B03MO>KHOCTfiX. cnocot5HocTfix 1-1 T. n. );
CHl1>KaTb, cOKpalUClTb I./TO-I1. (1./I-1CneHHOcTb, cnocot5-
HOCT." B03MO)/(HOCm 1-1 r.n.) . The govemment decided
to run down Ihe rai/ways. 0 npaBI-ITenbCTBo pewlolno
COKpaTI-ITb KOnl-ll./eCTBO >Kel1e3HblX Aopor. . Our forces
are running down. 0 Hawl-I Cl-lnbl Ha Io1cxOAe.
c run-down .
[n] COKpal..U.eHllle ....I-ICneHHOCTI-I. KOnl-l'leCTBa 1-1 T.n.
. There. is a run-down of our forces. 0 Hawlil Cl-lnbl Ha
I-ICXOAe.
3 (v n adv) C61-1Tb Koro-n./I./TO-n., nOBpeAlo1Tb I./TO-I1.
(K8K pe3ynbT8T CTonKHOSeHI-1f/ C M8WI-1HO&! 1-1 T.n.)
. Sorry to tell you that some car ran dOK'n your brolh-
er. 0 fI CO>KaIlelO, HO AOroKeH CKaaaTb Te6e, '1TO TBOii!
6paT C61-1T MaWI-IHoH.
4 (v n adv) HaCTl-lraTb, AorOHSlTb. 110BI-ITb 1C0ro-n.;
pa3b1CKIolBaTb Koro-I1./'1TO-n. .1 can 'I run down a quo-
tation for Ihe epigraph. 0 fI He MOry nOA06paTb l..lIo1Ta1)'
AIlSl 3nl-lrpa4>a. . The police has run the burglar down.
o nonl-ll..ll-lSl nOHMaIla rpa6I-1Tel1S1.
5 (v n adv) npeHe6pe>KI-ITenbHO OTHOCI-ITbCSlIC KOMY-I1./
'1eMy-n.; TpeTl-lpOBaTb, nplolHI-I>KaTb 1C0ro-n.. YMMSlTb
I./TO-n. . Why do YOI/ run my relatives dOK'n? 0 nO'IeMY

323
Tbi nnoxo rQBOpWb 0 MOX pOACTBeHHKax?  do
down
run (8th) up [JfMeeTCSI nJ
1 (v n adv) nOAHMaTb '1TO-n.; AClBaTb 3HaIC nJII CJllrHan
(c nOMOLLlblO 4>n8)/(KOB Jf r.n.) . He is happy 10 be al-
lowed to run up a flag. 0 OH C'IaCmB, '1TO eMY paa-
pewnJII nOAH51Tb 4mar.
2 () AenaTb '1TO-n. Ha CKOPYIO PYKY. cneWHO B03-
BOATb '1TO-n. (nocTpoiiK}' '" r.n.), cocTp51naTb '1TO-n. 3
nOAPY'iHOrO MaTepana . Today I only had lime 10 run
up a shed in my garden. 0 CerOAH51 A ycnen TonbKO
COOPYTb HaBec B MoeM caAy.
3 (v n adv) H3AenaTb Aonr  T.n.; Hapall\BaTb C'IeT,
Ae4>UJIIT  T.n. . Unfortunately we've run up the deficit
which can't be covered. 0 K CQ)KaneHIO, y Hac otSpa-
30BanC51 Aect>I.UoIT. KOTOpblM He MO>KeT 6b1Tb nOKpblT.
4 (v adv. v n aclv) AenaTb pa36er (.lvJR npbl)/(K8 B cnop-
n1BHOif Jfrpe Jf T.n.); pa3roH51Tbc51; pa3roH51Tb 'fTo-n.
(MOrop, M8WJfHY Jf r.n.) . Now the lIexljumper is run-
ning up. 0 CeM'IaC cne.l;lYIOIl\M npblryH pa36eraeTc51.
. We need to run up this engine to see how it works. 
o Mbl A011>KHbI paaorHaTb 3TOT ABraTenb, 'lT06b1 no- 
CMOTpeTb, KaK OH pa60TaeT.
c run-up
[n) pa36er (cnopTcMeH8, C8MoneT8) . Look. he is
starting a long run-up. 0 CMOTp, OH Ha'lHaeT A11H-
HbiM pa36er.
5 (v n adv) CK113AblBaTb (cTon6oM) Uct>Pbl . Now you
lIeedjust to run up these figures. 0 Tenepb Te6e Hy>KHO
TonbKO cnO>KTb 3T Uct>Pbl.
II.

324
run up against sb I sth
(v adv pr) HaTanKI'IBaTbC Ha KOro-I1.; CTOI1ICHYTbC c
<jeM-n. (npo6neMaMH. TPY,QHOCTflMH H T.n.) . We didn't
expect to run up against such a wonderful phenomenon.
o Mbi He O>KI'lAaJlI'I. 'lTO CTOI1KHeMC C TaKI'IM y,lJ,Io1BIo1-
TenbHblM BneHl'leM.
-
send sb down (v n adv)
1 I'ICI<J1IO<jaTb. OT'lI'lCJlRTb Koro-n. (H3 YHHBepcHTeT8,
HHCTHryra H T. n.) . My brother was sent down after fail-
ing chemistry. 0 Mo 5paT 5b1n OT'lI'lCneH nocne npo-
Bana 3K3aMeHa no XI'IMI'II'I.
2 npl'lroBOpl'lTb KorO-I1. (K CpOK}' T/OpeMHOro 3alUllO-
'1eHHR) . The COllrt sent them down for three years after
the robbery. 0 nocne 3Toro orpa6neHI'IR CY,lJ, npl'lro-
BOpl'ln I'IX K 3 ro,lJ,aM 3al<J1lO'jeHI'IR.
send sb/sth up [uMeeTCR n]
1 (v n adv) nOBblwaTb <jTO-Jl. (eHf'/. /J,aaneHHe H T.n.)
. This increase in the dol/or's rate of exchange will
send prices up withollt fail. 0 3T0 YBenl'l'jeHl'le KYPca
,lJ,onnapa 063aTenbHO npl'lBe,lJ,eT K nOBblWeHl'l1O ueH.
 be up, bring down
2 () B3pblBaTb 'ITO-n. . They made the decision
to send the old building up. 0 OHI'I npl'lHnl'l peweHlo1e
B30pBaTb CTapoe 3,1J,aHl'le.  blow up, go up
3 (v n adv) pa3r. BbiCMel'lBaTb, pa3blrpblBaTb KOrO-Jl.,
1'1306pa>K8Tb 1C0rO-Jl. caTl'lpl'l'jeCICI'I . This comedian
sent up rich people. 0 STOT ICOMI'IK BbiCMel-lB8Jl 60raTbix
JlIO,IJ,e.

325
o send-up
[nJ p03blrpblW, HaCMeWlCa, M3.D.eBaTeJ1bCTBO; napoJI.III,
caTMpa . There are only send-up songs in their reperto-
ry. <> Y HMX B penep1)'ape TOJ1bKO caT\llpWieCKMe ne-
ceHKM.
· send sb up the wall
(v n adv pr) pa3r. .D.OC8)K,lJ,aTb KOMY-J1. .D.O YMonOMpa'ie-
HM, 6ecMTb KOrO-J1. . There is enough noise to send
you up the wall. <> TaM .D.OCTaTO'iHO wYMa, 'iT06b1 COJiiTM
C YMa. => go up the wall
set sb/sth down (v n adv)
1 BblCa>KMBaTb, CCIDKMBaTb KOro-J1. (nacc8J/C"'pa. e3-
OKa, ceOKa '" T.n.). Don't worry, he'll set her down
at her house. <> He 6ecnoKoJiic, OH .D.OCTaBMT ee .D.O ca-
Mom .D.OMa. => pick up, put down
2 3anMCblBaTb 'iTO-n.; BnlllCblBaTb, BHOCMTb B cnMCOK
Koro-n'/'iTO-J1. . Please, set this bargain down to myac-
count. <> nO>Ka11yJiicTa, 3anMWMTe 31)' c,o,eJ1l(Y Ha MOJii
C'ieT. => wrile down
3 YCTaHaBJ1MBaTb, onpe.D.eJ1RTb LlTo-n. (npss"'na. no-
PH,lJ,OK. LleHbI '" T. n.) . Who set down these roles? <> KTO ........
YCTaHOBMJ1 3T\11 npaBlllna? => lay down __
set sb I sth down as sb I sth
(v n adv pr) C'lIilTaTb, paCCMaTpMBaTb, npMHMMaTb ICO-
ro-J1./'iTO-n. B KS'ieCTBe KOrO-J1_/'iero-n. . We set him
down as the best candidate. <> Mbi C'lIilTaeM ero J1y>iWMM
KaH.D.Io1,o,aTOM.
set sth down to sth
(v n adv pr) npMnlllCblBaTb 'iTO-n. 'ieMY-J1.; 06bCHSlTb

....3
lEI
'1TO-n. '1eM-n.; paCCMaTpliisaTb '1TO-/l. lCalC pe3Y/lbTaT
'1ero-n. . I set liis success down to liard work. 0 SI
06bRCHRIO ero ycnex ynopHblM TPYJJ.OM.
set (sb/sth) up [UMeeTCR n)
1 (v n adv) s03JJ.slllraTb, YCTaHasnlllsaTb 'ITO-/l.; CTa-
SIIITb, nOMelWiTb '1TO-n. (8 8epntKBnbHOM nOnOJKeHHH)
. It s liigh lime you set up a fence. 0 8aM JJ.8SHO nopa
CTaSIIITb aa60p.
2 (, v adv) OCHOSbiBaTb, Y'lpe)l(J].8Tb, OpraHH3Q-
SbiBaTb '1TO-/l.; YCTPOIllTbCSI, 060CHOBaTbCR (8 Ka'leCTBe
Koro-n. B 6H3Hece); OTKpblSaTb lCalCoe-n. JJ.e/lO <"'HOrAB
C nOCl1eAYJOM'" npeAl10r8M'" as, In . AI last our board
of directors set up a new company. 0 HalCOHeu Haw
coseT JJ.l1peICTOpOB OCHOS8J1 HOBYIO KOMnaHl11O . The
best way 10 sun,'ive is to set up ill trade. 0 nY'lW"'M
cnoc06 SbI)KI1Tb - ::ITO OTKpblTb Toprosoe npeJJ.np",-
RTlile.
D set-up
[n] CI1CTeMa, CTpyKTYpa, OpraHI13aLll1R . First. we
should study this set-up. 0 npe>K,Ae scero HaM Cl1eJJ.yeT
113Y'II1Tb ::ITy crPYKTypy.
3 (v n adv) YCTPOIllTb KorO-l1., nOMO'Ib KOMY-l1.
YCTpOI1TbCR < "'HOrAB C nOC11eAYJOM'" npeA110raM'" as, in..
. Please. help to set my son up in trade. 0 nOMOrl1,
nO)KaJ1ycTa, YCTPOIIITb Moero CblHa B Toprosl1lO.
4 () nOJJ.HI1MaTb WYM, KplIIK, TpeBory 11 T.n.;
rpOMKO 3BRSnRTb npOTeeT . Early in the morning he set
up a din to remi"d about himself 0 PaHO yrpOM OH
nOJJ.HRn WYMIIIXY. '1TOObi HanOMHIIITb 0 ce6e.
5 () Sbl3b1BaTb, npl1'1I1HRTb'lTO-n. (6onb, JlH-

327
cpeKI.lHHJ. Cblnb H T.n.) . Her new diet set up an allergy.
o Ee HOBaA Al1eTa Bbl3Ba11a a1111eprl1lO.
6 () pa3r. AOOI1TbCA, OjT06b1 KrO-11. OKa3allCA B
HexopoweM, CMeWHOM 11 T.n. nOllO)I(eH......; nOACTaBI1Tb
KorO-11. . Today our children are quiet for some reason;
are they setting us up? 0 CeroAHA HaWI1 AeTI1 nO'feMy-
TO T...x...e; He 3aTeBaIOT 1111 OHIII 'ff0-HIII6YAb A/1A Hac?
D set-up
[n] n11aH. 3arOBOp, I1HTpl1ra, 3aTeA . What a strange
and stupid set-up you have thollght! 0 YTO 3a CTpaHHYIO
III rllYnylO 38TelO Tbi npIllAYM811!
7 tv adv n ) cnopT. Ao6111BaTbCA 'ferO-11. (HOBbiX pe-
3ynbTaTOB H T.n.), YCTaHaB11IIIBaTb KalCo-l1. pelCoPA
(CKOpOCTU, BpeMeHH, anbHOCTU U T.n.) . Yesterday he
set up a new world record. 0 B'Iepa OH YCT8HOBI111 HO-
BbI Ml1pOBO peKOPA.
8 ( v n adv ) B03BeCTI1, c<j)a6plIIlCoBaTb Ha 1C0rO-11.
l1O)l(HOe 06BIIIHeHl1e; nOABecT\llICOrO-11. nOA o6BIIIHeHllle
(nyreM cpsnbcHcpHKSLjHH Hnu nOT8COBKH cpaKToB)
. They try to set you up. 0 OHIII nblT810TCA c<j)86pl1-
KOBaTb 110)l(HOe 06BI1HeHI1e Ha Te6A.
D set-up 1m
[n] 110)l(HOe 06BI1HeHllle; nOAT8COBKa <j)8KrOB, <j)811bCl1-
<j)lIIlCaLU-\A . It was a real set-up, organised by a group of
criminals. 0 3TO 6b1110 HaCTOALUee 110)l(HOe 06BI1HeHllle,
OpraHI130BaHHoe npeCTYnHO rpynno.
9 (v adv, ) BblA8B8Tb ce6A 1111111 KOro-11. (3S KO-
m-n.); I1TaTb ce6A 1111111 KorO-11. (KeM-n.; CKopee He-
06ocHoBaHHo); nOK838TbCA, npeAcTaTb (KeM-n.) <{B03-
MO)KHO C nOCl1e.aYIOIJ.<I1M npe,Ql10rOM as 111111 Bb1p3JKeHl1eM to
be . fie sets (himself) up as an expert. 9 OH IIITaeT

328
.
ce6S1 3HaTOKOM. . It s better to set him up to be a VIP.
o Jlwe npeACTaB"'Tb erc leaK O'leHb BroKHyK) nepCOHY.
· set up house
( v adv n) CXPHU. 3aBeCT'" ceMblO; 063aBeCT"'Cb XO-
3S1j;1CTBOM; YCTPO"'TbCSI, 060CHOBaTbCS! . They went to
the country and set up house there. 0 OH'" yex8fI'" B
AepeBHIO '" TaM 060CHOBaJl"'Cb.
· set up shop
() Ha'laTb KaKoe-Jl. AeJlO, OTKpblTb npeAnp"'SlT",e
. Its very difficult to set up shop when you have such
laws. 0 O'leHb TPYAHO np'" TalC"'X 3aKoHax opraH"'30BaTb
AellO. =:) shut up shop
shake (5th) down (MeeTCSl n]
1 (v adv) np",cnoco6llRTbCSI, OCBa"'BaTbCSI (B HOBblX
ycnOBRX K pa60Te. K nlOJ],RM  T.n.) . Did you shake
down in your new flat? 0 Bbi OCBO"'ll"'Cb B cBoej;1 HOBOj;1
ICBapT",pe?
2 (v n adv) paST: npo"'3BOA"'Tb TIUaTeJlbHblj;1 06b1CK
'Ierc-Jl.; 06wap"'BaTb KaKYIO-ll. MeCTHOCTb . Today the
police have shaken down a/l the building. 0 CeroAHR
nOll"'LI"'SI 06wap"'lla BeCb AOM.
e shake-down
[n) 06blCK, WMOH . What a shake down the police have
done! 0 Hy \II WMOH )l(e HaBella 3AeCb nOll\llLlliSlI
shake sb/5th up (v n adv) [uMeeTCSl n]
1 BCTpSlX\IIBaTb 'ITO-ll. ('iT06b1 .B36onTaTb. CMeWaTb
COAepJICMoe) . Shake up this bottle and then you can
use the medicine. 0 BCTpSlXH\IITe 6yrblllICY Ii TorAa
MO)l(eTe np\llH\IIMaTb llelCapCTBO.

329'
D shake-up
[n] BCTpRCKa, B36anTblBaHHe . This mixer provides a
good shake up fOr the contents. 0 3TOT MHKcep 06ec-
ne'lHBaeT xopowee B36anTblBaHHe co,o,ep>KHMoro.
2 pacweBel1HTb. B36y,o,oPa>KHTb, paa6y,IJ,IoITb KOro-l1.
(TpRCICO) . Her words shook him up. 0 Ee CI10Ba B36y-
,o,OpaJKHI1H ero.
D shake-up
[nJ BCTpRCKa 3M0l..lJo10HanbHaR . Her words caused a lit-
tle shake-up among us. 0 Ee CI10Ba HeMHoro B36y-
.nOPaJKHI1H Hac.
3 pasr. nOI1HOCTbIO peopraHH30BblBaTb, nepeTPRXHBaTb
'!T0-11. (KoMnaHHIO, CTPYIfTyPY, Ka,a,pbI H T.n.) .It s high
time we shook up this department. 0 AaBHO nopa HaM
peopraHH30BaTb 3TOT OU1el1.
D shake-up
[n] KopeHHaR peopraHH3aHR, nepeTpRXHBaHHe
(CTPYKTYPbI. KB.QpOB H T.n.) . These days we often could
hear about a governmental shake-up. 0 B 3TH ,o,HH Mbi
'IaCTO CI1b1WanH 0 nepeCTaHOBKaX B npaBHTel1bCTBe.
show (sb/sth) up 
1 (v adv, v n adv) pa306l1a'laTb, H30611H'IaTb 'ITO-I1.; 
BblRBHTb, nOKa3aTb, 06HapY*HTb 'ITO-I1.: BblRBI1RTbCR,
06HapyJKHBaTbCR . At last their fraud was shown up.
o HaKoHe HX 06MaH 6b111 paCKpblT. . The true essence
of that man shows up in business. 0 \I1cTHHHaR CYll\-
HOCTb 3Toro 'Ie110BeKa npORBI1ReTCR B ,o,elle.
2 () pasr. CICOHct>Y3HTb, CMyrHTb KorO-I1.: no-
CTaBHTb KorO-I1. B Hel10BKOe n0110>KeHHe (CBOUM nose-
.o.eHHeM) . You shouldn't show me up in public. 0 Tbi He

G30
AoneH CTaBTb MeHR B HenOBKOe nOnOeHe Ha
mo,nRx.
3 (v adv) pa3r. nORBnRTbCR, npXOATb (nocne 38-
.QepJKKH) . Why do you always show up late? 0 Tbi no-
"IeMY Bcer.o,a nORBnReWbCR n03AHo?  turn up
shut (sth) down
(v adv, v n adv) ("'MeeTC!! n] 3aKpblTb npeAnpRTlife  T.n.;
npeKpaTTb paf>my, 38KpblTbCS'l . /n such awful condi-
tions we have to shut down (our plant). 0 B TaKIlfX
y*aCHbiX ycnoBRX Mbi BblHy.>KAeHbl 3aKpblTbCR (HnH:
...3aKpblTb Haw 3aBOA).  close down
D shut-down
(n] 3aKpblTl4e: OCTaHOBKa, BbIKJlIO"IeHe . The commis-
sion has ordered the shut-down of our mine. 0 KOMIlfC-
CI-IR BblHecna peWeHi-le 0 3aKpbITI-I Hawe.:1 W8XTbi.
shut (sb/sth) up
1 (v n adv) nnOTHO 3aKpblTb, 3af>Tb. 3aKOnOTI-ITb '1TO-11.
(OKHa, ,QBepH) . We shut our country house up ufllil next
slimmer. 0 Mbi 3aKOnOTnl-l Haw 38ropoAHbI.:1 AOM AO
cneAYlOllIero neTa. => close up
I 2 (vadv, v n adv) pa3r. (38cTaBTb Koro-n.) 3aMOn'lBTb,
38TKHyrbCR <{WIll crPYKTypbl (v adv) aCTO B nOBenlifTenbHOM
HaK110HeHI1I1 . Shut up, I can't bear it. 0 3aMon'l, R He
MOry 3TOro BblHecTi-l. . Be kind, find the way to shut
the.re children up. 0 6YAb A06p, Ha.:1,[ij1'1 cnoco6 yrIlfXO-
Ml-lpTb 3TI-IX AeTe.:1.  dry up
· shut up shop
() pa3r. nKBApOBaTb Aeno, 3aKPblTb npeA-
npl-lRTe . I am very tired of reading, it s time to shut

31
up shop.  O'jeHb YCTaII OT 'jTeHIIISI, nopa 3aKaH'jIllBaTb
3TO MeponplllSITllle. => set up shop
sign (sb) up
(vadv, v n adv) 38nlllcaTbCSI (H8 KYf)CbI, B Kp}')I(OK H T.,lt.);
nOClynlllTb Ha pa60ly; nOAnlllcaTb, 38nlllcaTb KOrO-I1.
(Ha nOKynKY, B O'lepe,o,b H8 'ITO-n. H T.n.); HaHSlTb KO-
ro-I1. (H8 pa6oT}') . Before signing up for courses, ask
somebody about them. 0 npeJK,ll,e, 'jeM 3anillcaTbCSI Ha
KYPCbl, cnpocill Koro-HIII6YAb 0 HIIIX. . We are signing up
only youngsters. 0 Mbi nplllHIllMaeM TOI1bICO nOAPOCTKOB.
simmer down
(v adv) nplllXOAIIITb B ce6S1, OCTblBaTb, ycnoKcJIIIBaTbCA
. She usually needs at least one hour to simmer down.
 'iTo6b1 ycnoKolIITbCSI, eH 06bl'jHO Tpe6yeTCSI He MeHb-
we 'jaca.
sit (sb) down [HMeeTcR n H adj]
1 (v adv, ) Ca,o,lIITbCSI, YCIDKIllBaTbCSI, 38HIIIMaTb
MecTO; yca>KIIIBaTb KOro-I1. . All of them were sitting
down when J came in. 0 Bee yca>KIIIBaIllIICb, KorA8 SI
npIllWeI1. . We had to interrupt her and sit her down. 
o HaM nplllWI10Cb npepBaTb ee III YCa,o,IIITb. => get up, ....
stand up
c sit-down
[n] KOPOTKIlla;1 OTAbiX CIllM . After .vuch a longjourney we
were lucky to have a bit of a sit-down. 0 nocl1e TaKoro
AOI1roro nyrewecTBIllSI HaM YA8I10Cb HeMHoro nplll-
ceCTb.
2 (v adv) YCTpalliBaTb CWJ.fI'jyto 3a6acTOBKy . The min-
ers sat down and decided 1I0t 10 leave the square.

332
o Waxrepbl OCTaJ1Io1Cb Ha MecTax 101 peWloIl1101 He no-
ICIoIA8Tb nl10lWl,O.b.
D sit-down
[n] CIoIRaR 3a6aCTOBKa, CIoIRaR eMOHCTpaIoIR
. Tiley often organize sit-downs. 0 OHIol acTO ycrpa-
IoIBalOT CIoIRloIe eMOHCTpal.J.lollol.
[adj] CIoIARIoIM . They often organize a sit-down supper.
o OHIol acTO YCTpalolBalOT IoIH, CIoIJI,R 3a CT0110M (s npo-
n1s0nOnO)/(HOCTb a-nfl r/JypweT - CM. stand-up).
sit down to 8th
(v adv pr) nplolHIolMaTbCR 3a TO-I1. . Tell the children to
sit down to their dinner. 0 CKaJKI1 eTRM, T06b1 OHI1
HaaJ111 06e.o.aTb.
sit down under sth
(v adv pr) pa3r. TepneTb, CHOCIolTb, BblHOCl1Tb TO-I1.
. You shouldn't sit down under her offensive words.
o TbI He OJ\)l(eH TepneTb ee oCICop6101Te11bHble CJ10Ba.
=> lie down under
sit up (v adv)
1IIm-
1 C3D.I1TbCR (/113 ne)/(a</ero nOnO)/(eH/IIfI), nplolnOHRTbCSI;
BblnpslMJIRTbCR (C/llAfI B Kpecne /II T.n.) . Why are you
lounging. please sit up srraig/II. 0 nOeMY TbI P33Ba-
I1I111CSI, b, nO>KaJ1YMCTa, npSlMO. . My aunt can now
be sitting up in bed. 0 MOR TeTR MO>KeT Tenepb no-
HIolMaTbCR C nOCTel1101 B CIoIARee n0I10>KeHlole.
2 BCKaKI1BaTb (OT yt!/ilsneH/IIfI, tfcnyra tf T.n.) . Her
words made me sit up straight. 0 Ee CI10Ba 3aCTaBI11111
MeHR BCICOI1Tb.

333
3 He nQ)KI1TbC cnaTb, 60APCTBOBaTb; 38CI1)ICI1Ba
Aon03AHa . They sat up talking till the midnight. 0 OHI1
38CI1AenI1Cb, paarOBapl1Ba, AO nonYHO'jI1.
slip down
(v adv) npoCKOnb3Hyrb, npOCKO'lI1Tb; nerlCo npOTI1,
6b1Tb nerlCo npOrnO'leHHblM (06b1'1HO 0 B"He " /J.p.
mm.e) . My key fell and slipped down between the floor
boards. 0 Mo K11I0'l ynan \/I npoCKOnb3Hyn MeJICAY no-
nOBI1UBMI1.
slip up (V adv) ("MeeTCR n]
1 BbiCKanb3b1BaTb, BbiCKalCl1BaTb . The key slipped up
from my hands and fell on the ground. 0 KrlIO'I BblC-
KOflb3Hyn 113 MOI1X pylC 11 ynan Ha 3eMnlO.
2 pa3t: OWI16aTbC; cOBepwaTb oWl16KY, npoMax . J ask
YOII very' much not to slip up, otherwi.l'e all your job is
vain. 0 51 O'leHb Te6 npowy He OWI16aTbCS'I, I1Ha'je BC
Teo pa60Ta HanpaCHa.
D slip-up
In] OWI16Ka, npoMax, HeAocMoTp. J ask you very much
1I0t to make a slip-up. 0 51 O'leHb Te6 npowy He co-
BepWaTb OWI16KI1. 
slow (sb 18th) down -,
(v adv, v n adv) 38MeA!1Tb '!be-no ABI1)ICeHl'le; npl'l-
TOpMa)ICI'lBaTb ('1TO-n.); 38MeA!1TbC, c6aBnTb war,
XOA (0 MaW"Hax, nlOIJ,RX): CnBABTb (06 aKT"BHocm)
. Don't slow down, we are late. 0 He 3aMeA!1 ABI'I-
)lCeHl'le, Mbi Ona3Ab1BaeM. . Slow him down, it's time for
a ,smoking break. 0 OCTaHOBI'I era, nopa CAenaTb ne-
peKYp.

334
slow up (v adv)
1 CHloI)I(aTb CICOpOCTb. Look, there is afoot-bridge sign,
slow up. <> nOCMOTplol, TaM 3HaK newexoAHoro MOCTa;
nplolTopM03101.
2 YTpa'iIolSaTb CloIllY, 3HeprlollO; C,QasaTb (no npH'IHHe
B03paCTa, 6one3HH H T.n.); CHloI)I(aTb aICTIolSHOCTb. We
have much to do, so we sllOuldn 't slow up. <> HaM HaAO
CAellaTb O'leHb MHoro, n03TOMY Mbi He AOll)l(Hbl CHIoI-
)l(aTb aICTIolSHOCTb.
.
snap sb I sth up (v n adv)
1 pacKYnaTb, paCXBaTbiSaTb, pa36101paTb '!T0-/1. . You
are late, people have snapped up cakes. <> Tbi on03,O,aJI.
/1IOAIoI paCXSaTaJlloI nlolpO)l(Hbie.
2 nOAenlolTb, 3aXsaTIoITb, ycneTb IoICn0/1b30SaTb KOrO-ll.
sospeMR (.lIo TOro, KaK .QpyrHe c.a,enalOT am) . We hal1e
to snap up any person suitable for the work. <> HaM
nplilAeTCR nplolHRTb 11I060ro nOAXOARlLlero pa60THIolKa.
stand (sb/sth) down [HMeeTCSI oJ
1 (v adv) OCS0(0)l(.QaTb MeCTO, YC1ynaTb, OTC1ynaTbCR
(s nonb3Y.a,pyroro) . If there is an option, /'11 stand
down in favour of my friend. <> EC1lI" 6YAeT Sbl60p, TO R
OTC1yn/1IOCb S nO/1b3Y Moero APyra. => step down
2 (v adv, v n adv) BOeH. OTMeHRTb COCTORHlole 60esoi1
rOTOSHOCTIoI; OTnpaSIoITb KOro-/1. (OTpR.a" rpynny) Ha
OTAbiX (nocne BbinonHeHHR 06R3aHHOCTeifl) . "Stand
down, people," said the leader of group. <> ..OrAblxai1Te.
/1IOAIoI", - CKa3aJ1 PYKOSOAVITe/1b rpynnbl. . The captain
stood the soldiers down. <> KanlolTaH A8l1 CO/1,QaTaM
OT60H. => stand to

335
c stand-down
In] OT60H . The captain told the soldiers to have a
st(lnd-down. 0 Kam1TaH AW1 COI1JJ,8TaM 0T60H.
stand (sb) up [HMesTCR adj H inv)
1 (v adv, v n adv) BCTaBaTb, nOAHtlMaTbCSI Ha Hortl;
nOCTaBtlTb 1C0rO-11. (HB Horn H3 nOnOJKeHHfI neJKa HnH
C"'AR) . When landlady came in, we stood up and greet-
ed her. O'KorJJ,8 X03S1HKa BXOAtll1a, Mbi BCTaBa11t1 tI 3AO-
pOBa11t1Cb C HeH. . Help me 10 stand this drunk man up.
o nOMOrtl MHe nOCT8BtlTb 3Toro nbSlHoro Ha HOrtl.
 get up, sit down
c stand-up
ladj] CTOSItlH, npSlMoH . The fashion was to have a
stand-up collar. <> no MOAe Cl1eAOBa110 HOCtlTb CTOAtlH
BOpOTHtlK. . Let's have a stand-up meal. <> AaBaH
3aKyCtlM CTOSI (8-M tPypweT - CM. sit-down).
- upstanding
ladj] CTOSltlH, CTOSIWtlH, npSlMoH
2 () pa3r. 06MaHYTb btl-II. O>KIo1JJ,8HtlSI, 3aCTaBtlTb
KOro-11. HanpacHo >KJJ,8Tb, pa30apOBaTb nptlrnaCtlB-
wero (Ha BCTpel/Y, B meT'" H T.n.). . J feel really bad R'r:w
about standing YOI/ up that day. <> 51 YBCTBYIO ce('jSl ..
oeHb He110BKO, TO He nptlwell B TOT AeHb.
3 (v adv) OCTaBaTbCSI HenpeK110HHblM, YCTOSlTb,
BblAep>KMBaTb: npOTtlBOCTOATb (I/eMy-n.): CMe110
BCTpeaTb (I/TO-n.) <B03MOJKHO C nOCJIe.AYIOUlHM npe,lV1o-
rOM to» . J hope you'll stand up (to the tria/). <> Ha-
AelOcb, Tbi BblAep>KMWb (3TO McnblTaHMe).
stand up for sb
(v adv pr) OTCTaMBaTb, 3alJ..llitU¥JTb Koro-11./TO-l1. . He

336
l1li
always stood up for his siter. () OH BcerACl 3aL4\'lUlaIl
CBOIO ceCTPY. => stick up for
stay down (v adv)
1 OCTaBaTbCSI BHVl3Y, Ha HVI)I(HeM YPoBHe . Get down
llnd stay down until J tell YOII the danger is over.
() CnycKai'!cSI VI oCTaeai'!cSI TaM JJ.O Tex nop, nOKa R He
CICIDKY, 'jTO onaCHOCTb MVlHOBana. => keep down, lea\!{!
down
2 OCTaBaTbCSI, YJJ.ep)l(VlBaTbCR B )l(ellYJJ.Ke (0 nUU4e) . He
is sick again. nothing he eats stays down. () Ero onSlTb
TOWHVlT, HVI'jero Vl3 Toro, 'jTO OH eCT, He YJJ.epJKVlBaeTCR
B )l(ellYJJ.Ke. => stop down
3 BrE OCTaBaTbCR Ha BTOPO" roll. . J am afraid my SOli
will stay down. () bOIOCb. 'jTO MOi'! CblH OCTaHeTCR Ha
BTOpOi'! roll.. =:) go up
stay up (v adv)
1 YJJ.ep>KVleaTbCSI, He na.AaTb, He Cna.AaTb, He TOHyrb
. How does the lower of Pisa stay up? () KaK )l(e nl1-
3aHCKaR 6aWHR YJJ.ep)I(VlBaeTCR OT na,o,eHI1R? . To malre-
your trousers stay up, you need to wear a belt. () YT06b!
TBOVI 6PlOKVI He CnaJJ,aJ1V1, Te6e Ha,o,O HOCVlTb peMeHb.
=> keep up
2 He 110)l(I1TbCR cnaTb, 60JJ.PCTBOBaTb . She u.malv
stays up for me. () OHa 06bl'jHO He 110)l(I1TCR cnaTb JJ.O
Moero npVlxoJJ.a. => be up, keep up, wait up
steal up on sb I sth
(v adv pr) HaJJ.BVlraTbCSI Ha KOro-ll./'jTO-ll., nOA-
KpaJJ,blBaTbCR K KOMY-ll./'jeMY-ll. HeO)l(VlAClHHO (3acr8-
BaR spacnnox) . The police stole up on the bridge in the

'"'337
rain. 0 n011lilL\e£1cKlile nOJJ,KpanlllCb K MOC1)l noJJ, JJ,O>K-
JJ,eM. . Feeling of doubt steals up on me always when I
make lip my mind to do it. 0 'iYBCTBO COMHeHlllfi
OXBaTblBaeT MeHfI BCerp,a, KOrp,a fI peWalOCb CJJ,ellaTb
3TO.
step down
(v adv) nOp,aBaTb, YXOJJ,IiITb B OTCTaBKY ('1aCTO 8 n011b3Y
lWyroro): YCTynaTb, nO£1TIII Ha YCTynKY . I feel it s time I
stepped down. 0 fI 'jYBCTBYIO, 'jTO nopa nOJJ,aaaTb B
oTCTaBKY. . Myfriend persuaded me to step down il/ our
debate. <> Mo£1 JJ,Pyr y6eJJ,lIIll MeHfI YCTynlllTb B HaweM
cnope. => stand down
step (sth) up [HMeeTaI n]
1 (v adv) nOJJ,cTynaTb, nOJ,I,XOJJ,IIITb . They are stepping
up to her in turn to receive their ticlrets. <> OHIII noJJ,-
XOJJ,lIIlllll I( He£1 no o'jepeJJ,IiI, 'jTo6b1 nOllIIITb CBOIII 6111-
l1eTbI.
2 (v aclv, v n adv) yeelllll'jIllBaTb, paCWlllpATb 'jTO-ll.;
YI1Y'jwaTb, nOBblWaTb 'jTO-I1.; YllY'jwaTbCfI, nOBbiwaTb-
CI'! . If we set the pace for our work we '/I step up our
production. <> ECJ1111 Mbi 3aJJ,aJJ,IIIM TeMn Hawe£1 pa60Te, m
MbI pacwlllplilM npOIll3BOJJ,CTBO. . Trade will step up
since he is getting down to business. <> ToproBllfi Ylly-i-
WIIITCI'!, TaK Kal( OH 6epeTcI'! 3a JJ,ellO.
D step-up
In] YBel1l11'jeHllle, pOCT, paCWlllpeHllle . This year we '/I
try to get some step-up in ,he living standard. <> B 3TOM
roJJ,Y Mbi nOCTapaeMCI'! JJ,OCTIII'jb HeKOToporo YI1Y'jwe-
Hlilfl YPOBH'sI >K1II3HIII.

338
1m
stick sth down (v n adv)
1 3aKl1eI1BaTb'jTO-11.. We have to stick tho$e two pClges
down. <> HaM npl1lJ,eTcs:J CKIlel1Tb Te lJ,Be CTpaHI1Ubl.
2 pa3r. nOCTaBI1Tb, n0110>KI1Tb 'jTO-11.; CYHyTb, 3aTOI1K-
HyTb 'jTO-I1. . Stick the boxes down anywhere. we '/I
open them later. 0 nOCTaBb Kop06KI1 KYJJ,a-HI16YlJ,b, Mbi
I1X pacKpoeM n03>Ke.  put down
3 pa3r. 3anl1CblBaTb, Bnl1CblBaTb 'jTO-il. . Everybody
should stick down their names on this page. <> Bce
lJ,011>KHbI 3anl1CaTb CBOI1 I1MeHa Ha 3TOf.i CTpaHl1ue.
 put down, write down
stick sb I sth up (v n adv) ["'MoorcR n]
1 nplillCpenl1RTb 'jTO-il. (lUIeeM, rB03.llRM'" '" T.n.) Ha
CT0116 111111 Ha BepTI1K8J1bHYIO nOBepxHocTb Af1R 0630pa
. The examination results will be stuck up pn this board
tomorrow..O Pe3Yl1bT8TbI 31C3aMeHOe 6YIJ.t(r BbiBeweHbI
3aBTpa Ha 3TOf.i lJ,OCKe.
2 pa3r. orpa611Tb Koro-11.!'jTO-11.; 3aCTaBI1Tb KOro-il.
yrpo30f.i OTJJ,aTb lJ,eHbrl1 111111 ueHHOCTI1 . Did they ever
catch the robbers that stuck up your friend? 0 HeY>Ke1111
OHI1 nof.iMaIll1 BOpOB, KOTopble orpa61111IiI TBoero
IJ.pyra?  hold up
c stick-up
[0] HaIleT, orpa611eHI1e . It was a real stick-up. <> 3TO
6b1110 HaCTORl..Uee orpa61leHlile.
3 nOlJ,HI1MaTb 'jTO-I1.,lJ.ep>KaTb 'jTO-ll. nps:JMO . He sticks
his nose up in the air. <> OH 3alJ,l1paeT tiOC. . Who knows
the answer. stick up your hands. <> KTO 3HaeT OTBeT-
nOlJ,HI1MI1Te PYICI1.

339""
D stuck-up
[n] Bo06pIDKana.1 don 'I want 10 be afriend of his, he
is a big stuck-up. 0 51 He XO<fY AP\')KWb C HM, OH 6011b-
wow Bo06pIDKana.
stick up for sb
(v adv pr) pa3r. nOAAep>KBaTb, OTCTaBaTb KorO-11.;
BblCTynaTb 3a KorO-11. . He was able 10 stick up for his
sister. 0 OH CYMe11 nOCTOS1Tb 3a CBOIO ceCTpy.  stand
up for
stir sb I sth up (v n adv)
1 B36a11TblBaTb, pa3MewBaTb <fTO-11. . Next, stir up Ihe
eggs with the milk. 0 ,lJ.aJ1ee, pa3MewaMTe S1ML18 B MO-
11o":.e.
2 B036}f)I<AaTb, CTMY11pOBaTb, n06y;>KAaTb 1C0rO-11./
'1TO-11.; BHOCTb pa3118A BO '1TO-11. . Don 'I speak so, it
will stir up troubles. 0 He rOBOp TalC, a TO 3TO Bbl3b1-
eaeT HenpS1THOCT. . Don 'I you ever know her - she
likes stirring things up. 0 Tbi '1TO, He 3HaeWb ee - OHa
n106T nOAHMaTb WYMXY 3 H'1ero.
stop down (v adv) 
1 OCTaBaTbCS1 Ha 6011ee H3KOM ypOBHe, He YBe- 
11J.1'1J.1BaTbCS1 . 1 hope his temperature will stop down
and he '/I be able to go 10 school. 0 H8AelOcb, era TeM-
nepaTypa He YBe11J.1'1J.1TCS1 J.1 OH CMO>KeT nOMTI1 B WK011Y.
2 OCTaBaTbCS1, YAep>KJ.1BaTbCSl B >KenyAKe (0 nue) . He
is sick again, nothing he eats stops down. () Era onS1Tb
TOWHW, HJ.1'1erO 3 TOro, '1TO OH ecT, He YAep>KJ.1BaeTCSI
B >Ke11YAKe.  stay down

-
340
stop (sth) up
1 (v n adv) 3aKpblBaTb, 3aKynopIilBaTb, 3aTbllCaTb '0"0-11.;
3aCOpRTb 'ITO-ll. (K8HanH3aLlHOHHYIO Tpy6y H r.n.)
. Whal can we use 10 stop up the hole in Ihe wall? 0 '-IeM
Mbi MO)l(eM 3aTKHyTb IJ,blPY B CTeHe?
2 (v adv) He nQ)KIiITbC cnaTb, 60JJ.J)CTBOBaTb . She usu-
a/' stops up for me. 0 OHa 06b1'1HO He l10)l(IiITC cnaTb
IJ,O Moero nplilxoJ].a. => stay up
sum (sb/sth) up
1 (v adv. v n adv) nOIJ,BOlJ,liITb IiITor ('IeMY-l1.); pe31O-
MlilpOBaTb, cyMMlilpOBaTb (.nO-l1.) . It's time we
summed up (our discussion). 0 nopa HaM nOIJ,BeCTIiI
IIITor (Hawe IJ,IIICK}'CCIllIiI).
2 (v n adv) OLleHIilBaTb Koro-ll./'ITO-n. .1 have summed
you up fully for this month. 051 BnOl1He Te6 OLleHlillla 3a
3TOT MeClt.
take sth down (v n adv) (HMeeTCSI n '" adj]
1 CHIiIMaTb'lTo-n. (co CTeHbI, C nonKH '" r.n.) . Take this
picture down. I dOli 't like il. 0 CHIIIMIiI 3TY KapTIIIHY, OHa
MHe He HpaBIiITC. => put up
2 lJ,eMOHTIIlpOBaTb, pa361-1paTb '0"0-11., CHOCIIITb'lTO-Il.
(3.lI8H",e", T.n.) . We'll take Ihis building down. 0 Mbi
CHeceM 3TO 3J].aHlile. => come down, put up
D take-down
[n] pa360pKa, lJ,eMOHT8JK . This old building needs an
urgent take-down. 0 3TO CTapoe 3J].aHlile Heo6xOAI-IMO
CpO'lHO CHeCTIil.
[adj) pa360pHbI . Is it a take-dow" grill? 0 3TOT nl1-
cTolleTpa360pHbI?

C"'
341
3 3am'lCblBaTb '1TO-I1. . Don't forget to take down my
telephone number in your notebook 0 He 3a6YlJ,b
3anl'lcaTb MOM Tel1eq,OIi B CBOIO 3anI'lCHYIO ICHI'I)I(tcy.
:::;> write down
take (sb/sth) up [HMeeTCR inv]
1 (v n adv) nOIJ,HI'IMaTb 1C0ro-1l./'1TO-I1. . He tool. the
child up. 0 OH OOIJ,HSlI1 pe6eHKa.
2 () 6paTbCSI, npl'lHI'IMaTbCR 38 '1TO-I1.; 3aHI'I-
MaTbCSI '1eM-I1. t I may take up more respectable job.
o s:I, nO)l(anYM, 3aMMYCb 6011ee nO'IernOM IJ,eSlTel1bHO-
CTblO.
3 (v n adv) nOKpOBI'ITel1bCTBOBaTb KOMY-I1., oneKaTb
KOro-l1. tIt is necessary to take him up till he is of age.
o He06xolJ,I'IMo B3S1Tb ero nolJ, onetcy, nOKa OH He IJ,O-
CTl'lrHeT cOBepweHHOl1eTI'ISI.
4 () npl'lHI'IMaTb '1TO-I1. (no3Y, n03H/.4HIO), CTa-
HOBI'ITbCR Ha OnpelJ,e11eHHYIO n031'11O . He always
takes up a tough line in this malter. 0 B 3TOM Bonpoce
OH BCerlJ,a npl'lHI'IMaeT )l(ecTtcylO n031'1111'11O.
5 (v n adv) nOIJ,XBaTbiBaTb KatcylO-ll. I'IlJ,e!<,; npolJ,Ol1)1(1'ITb
KaKOe-ll. Ha'iaTOe IJ,eI10; npl'lcoe,(J.l'lHI'ITbCSI K KaICOMy-I1. ...:II1II
3aHSlTI'lIO; nOCl1elJ,OBaTb '1eMY-I1. t He started singing 
and in afew seconds everyone took il up. OOH 38nel1 1'1
'1epe3 HeCKOl1bKO ceKYHIJ, Bce nOIJ,XBaTI'II1I'1 neCHIO.
:::;> picl. up
6 (v n adv) paCCMa-rpI'lBaTb KaKo£i-I1. Bonpoc, npelJ,-
110)l(eHl'le . We should take up one or two poinls of that
offer. 0 Mbi IJ,OI1)1(Hbi paCCMOTpeTb OIJ,HH 1'1111'1 .o.ea nYHlCTa
. no IJ,aHHOMY npeJJ,1l0)l(eHI'lIO.

342
- uptake
[n] nOHHMaHHe, c006paaHTenbHOCTb
7()npepBaTb,OAeprHBaTb,ynpeKaTb,OH-
BaTb 1C0ro-n. . "Don't tell us tales," she took me up
short. 0 «He paCCKaaBa HaM CKa3KW', - peaKO OAep-
HYJla OHa MeHR.  pull up
8 (v n 8dv) oTHHMaTb, 3aHHMaTb '1be-Jl. BpeMR, BHH-
MaHHe, MeCTO . This article takes up all my evenings,
o 3Ta CTaTbR OTHHMaeT Y MeHR Bce Be'lepa. . The bed
takes up half the room. 0 KpoBaTb aaHHMaeT nonlCOM-
HaT.
· take up arms (against sb)
(, v n adv pr) B3RTbCR a8 Op}')KHe, BOCCTaTh C
Op}')KHeM B PYKax (npoTHB KOro-Jl.) . For our own de-
fence we should take up arms against invaders. 0 YT06
aa(U\oITHTbCSI, M A01DKH BOCCTaTb C Op}')KHeM B PYKax
npoTHB 3aXBaHKOB.
take sb up on sth
(v n adv pr) pasr. JlOBHTh Koro-n. H8 '1eM-Jl.; nOA-
XBaTblBaTb '1be-n. npeA110>KeHHe . OK, we'll take him
 up on that. 0 Jl8AHO, nOBHM ero Ha cnOBe.
.u take up with sb
(vadv pr) paar. C6nH>KaTbCR, BCTpe'laTbCR, BOAHTb KOM-
naHHIO C KeM-n. . She doevn 't want me to take up with
her friend. 0 OHa He XO'leT, '1T06 R BCTpe'l811CR C ee
nOAPYro.
talk down
(vadv) roBOplolTb (c KeM-n.) CBCOKa; YHH>K8Th (Korn-n.,
06P8LlJ8S1Cb K HeMY) <O:B03MO)l(HO C nOCl1e.o.YlOlW'IM npeA-

343
110rOM to . Parents shou/dn 't talk down to their adoles-
cent children. 0 POTeJ1111 He AOIDKHbI o()paUlSTbCSI K
CBOIilM AenIM-nOApoCTICaM CBblCOICa.
talk (8th) up
1 (v adv) roBOplllTb rpOM'fe, OT'leTl1l11Bee . Sorry. I can't
hear you. Please talk up. 0 K CO>KaneHIllIO, R He Cl1b1WY
Te6S!. rOBOplil. nO>K811Y£1CTa, rpOM'fe.
2 (v adv) Aep3KO, CMel10 B03pa3KTb, OTBenlTb . "No,
you are not right," he ta/ked up. 0 "HeT, BbI He npaBbI",
- B03pa311111 OH CMeI1O.
3 (v n adv) ArnE pa3r. XB8I1I11Tb, paCXB8I1I11BaTb, npe-
B03HOCIIITb 'fTO-I1. (KHHry, H,QelO H T.n.) . Wherever he
comes he starts ta/king her article up. 0 KYA8 Obi OH Hili
nplllwel1, OH Ha'fIilHaeT paCXBanlilBaTb ee CT8TblO.
think 8th up
(v n adv) 111300peTaTb. pa3paOaTblBaTb 'fTO-I1. . How did
you think up the way out o/the situation? 0 KaIC >Ke TbI
nplilAYMan BblXOA 1113 3Toro n0I10>KeHIIIR?  think of
throw (8b 18th) up
1 (v n adv) pa3r. OTICa3b1BaTbCR OT 'fero-n., 6pocaTb KriW
'lTo-n. . He threw his job up many times. 0 OH MHoro 
pa3 Opocan CBOIO pa60Ty.
2 (vadv, v n adv) CTOWHIIITb, BblpBaTb (ICaKO-I1. nllle£1)
. His vulgarity makes me want to throw up. 0 MeHR
TOWHIIIT OT era BYl1brapHocTIil. . I am afraid /'11 throw
up all I've eaten. 0 60lOCb, 'fTO MeHR BblpBeT OT Bcero,
'fTO R noen. ::) bring up, cast up, come up
3 (v n adv) HaclCOpo, nocneWHO nOCTpOIllTb 'fTO-I1. (B03-
MOJKHO H HeKa'ieCTBeHHo) . Let's throw up a shelter

344-
from the railt. <> ,D.aBa COOpy.o.M YKpblTe OT .o.O)I(ASi.
4 ( v adv n) npo3BeCT KOrO-Il'/LjTO-Il., nopo.o.Tb
LjTO-Il. (RBlleHe, IlLjHOCTb  T.n.). This war threw up
a lot of heroes. <> 3Ta BOHa nopo.o.l-1lla MHOro repoeB.
· throw up one's hands (v adv n )
1 onycTTb PYK (s OT'laRHl-tI-t, s Tpesore), nOTepSlTb
BCRKYIO Ha,o,e>K.D.Y . After that attempt site threw up her
hands in despair. <> noclle TO noclle.o.He nonblTJ( OHa
B OT'laRH onyCTlla PYK.
2 BCKHyTb PYK (s 1-t3YMneHl-tI-t, yJJ,Henem1l-t, y.JKace H
T.n.), I5b1Tb wOKpoBaHHbIM . She threw up her hands
with surprise. <> OT y.o.I-1Bl1eHR OHa BCKIiIHYlla PYKIiI.
tie sb I sth down
1 (v n adv) npBR3b1BaTb LjTO-Il. . This wicked dog
should be tied down. <> 3-ry 3nyIO col5aKY cl1e.o.yeT npl-1-
BR3aTb.
2 () CTeCHRTb 1C0rO-I1., orpaHIiILjIilBaTb LjblO-l1.
CB0150.o.y, CBR3b1BaTb 1C0rO-I1. . The treaty obligations
tied Iter down. <> ,D.oroBOpHble 06R3aTel1bCTBa CBR3aI11-1
ee no PYKaM  HoraM.
1m tie sb down to sth
(v n adv pr) 06R3b1BaTb KOro-ll. Cl1e.o.OBaTb, COOTBeT-
CTBOBaTb Ii1I1Ii1 no.o.LjIilHRTbCR LjeMY-I1. (npaswnaM, WH-
CTPYKl-tRM, HaCTaeneHl-tRM U T.n.) . I wou/dn 'I like 10
be tied down to this nile. <> MHe 15b1 He XOTel10Cb noo.-
LjHSlTbCR 3TOMY npaBI1Y.
touch down
(v adv) [WMeeTCR nJ nplil3eMI1RTbCR, lCacaTbcR 3eMf111
(noCBtlO'lHOU nnOI1lBtlKl-t, 6epera I-t T.n.) . I like watch-

345
ing planes as they touch down. 0  m06mo Ha6m0A8Tb,
KaK caMolleTbl CBAflTCSI.
a touchdown
[n] np\ll3eMlleH\IIe, np\lll1YHeH\IIe, npW'lan\llBaH\IIe . J like
watching planes at the moment of their touchdown. 0 51
m06mo Ha6moA8Tb caMolleTbl B MOMeHT \II)( np\ll3eM-
lleH\IIR.
touch sb I sth up (v n adv)
1 nOAflpaellRTb 'frO-II., OTD,ellbiBaTb 'fTO-ll., lU1aCTb
nOClleD,H\IIe WTp\llX\II H8 'fTO-II. (AnR OKOH'f8TenbHoti OT-
,qenKH) . YOllr article needs to be slight(v touched up.
o TBOR CTaTbR Tpe6yeT He60llbWOH OTD,ellK\II.
2 paar. KacaTbCfI 1C0ro-ll. B ellfIX ceKCY8llbHOrO B03-
6eH\IIfI, lIaCKaTb . The girl complained to the police
that the man had been touching her up on the train.
o }J.eeywlCa nO>KallOBallaCb nOIl\ll\II\II. 'fTO MY>K'f\llHa
TpOr8J1 ee e nOe3D,e.
trade down
(v adv) ToproeaTb no 6011ee H\II3KOH eHe . Usually J
am looking for a shop which rrades down. 0 06b1'fHO fI _
\llLU.Y Mara3\11H, rD,e TOprylOT D,eweBlle.  rrade up .
trade up ,
(v adv) TOproBaTb no 60llee BbiCOICOH eHe . Don't go
to that shop, they are trading up. 0 He XOA\ll B TOT Ma-
ra3\11H, TaM BblCOK\IIe eHbI.  trade down
turn (sth) down (sth) [HMeeTCSl.n H inv)
1 (v pr) CBOpa'f\llBaTb Ha KaKYIO-II. D,opory, 38 yroll
. Follow the car, which is turning down the road.

346
-
o CneAY aa MaWI-IHO, 1C0TOpaR CBOpa'iI-lBaeT H8
wocce.
2 (v n adv) oTr1-l6aTb. 38BOpa'iI-lBaTb, 3arl-l6aTb 'iTO-n.
(CTpaHHIJY. KpaH 6YMarH H T.n.). Usually. when J Slop
reading a book. J 'urn Ihe page down. 0 06b1'iHO, Kor,o,a
51 npepblBaIO 'iTeHl-le ICHl-lrl-l, 51 aaBOpa'iI-lB81O CTpaHI-lUY.
:::) 'urn up, 'urn back
- downturn
[n] 38r1l10, 38rl-l6aHl-le
3 (v n sdv) OTBepraTb, OTK110HSlTb 'iTO-n. . After much
discussion we decided 10 turn the offtr down. 0 nocne
.I10nroro 06CY'KAeHII1S1 Mbi peWlI1nl-l OTIU10HI-ITb 3TO
npeA11O>KeHl-le.
4 (v n adv) y6aBJlSlTb, YMeHbwsTb 'iTO-l1. (cBeT. 3By/c, ra3
H T.n.) . Turn the light down, it's lime for me to go 10
bed. 0 Y6aBb CBeT, MHe nopa cnaTb.
5 (v adv) Cn8,AaTb, oCna6eBaTb, I-lATII1 Ha y6b111b (06
3KOHOMHKe, pblHKe. lJeHax H T.n.) . Winter sale is 'urn-
ing down these days. 0 31-1MHRR pacnpo,IJ,8)Ka B 3TII1.11HM
nOWJ1a Ha y6b111b. :::) 'urn up
D turn-down
InJ cn8,A (3KoHOMH'IeCKHH). Same 'urn-down in infla-
lion has only taken place in the lasl two months.
o HeKoTopbl cn8,A B I-IH4>nR\.U'11-1 Ha611IO,o,aeTcSI TonbKO B
nocneAHl-le .I1ea MeCRua.
- downturn
In] cn8,A (3KoHOMH'IeCKHH; .QeJlOBOH BKTHBHOCTH)
turn (sb/sth) up [wMeeTCSI n H inv)
1 (v n adv) aarl-l6aTb, nO.l1BOpa'iIllBaTb 'iTO-l1. BBepx;
nO,IJ.HI-IMaTb'iTQ-l1., nOBOpa'ill1B8S1 . J had 10 turn up Ihe

347
ends of my trousers to cross the stream. 0 '-IT06b1 ne-
pen1 Llepe3 PYLIeH, MHe npl'!wnocb nO,lJ,OepHytb 6plO-
KI1. => turn down
 upturn
[v] nO,IJ,HHMaTb ICBepxy, OBepx
2 (v n adv) npHOaBllSlTb, YCIM11'!BaTb LITO-II. (CBeT, 3BYK,
ra3 H T.n.) . Turn the light up. I can't see well. 0 npH-
60Bb CBeTa, fI nJlOXO BH)I()'.  turn down
3 (vadv, v n adv) BblHCICHBaTb, HaxO,lJ,lI/Tb, OTK8nblBaTb (B
npRMOM H nepeHocHoM cMblcne) LITO-II.; HaxO,lJ,lolTbCSI.
06HapY'KI'!BaTbCSI . You can turn up different old things
on this field. 0 Ha 3TOM nOlle MO>ICHO 06HapY'KII/Tb pa3-
Hble CTapble BeLl.\I'!. . That book will turn up some day.
o KOr,Aa-HH6Y,lJ,b 3Ta ICHHra HaH,IJ,eTCSI.
4 (v adv) nOSlBI1f1TbCSl, npH6b1BaTb, npHe3>ICaTb, npl'!-
XO,lJ,lolTb ('iBCTO HeO>KHJ].BHHO, noone 3a.Qep>KKH) . He
promised to come but he hasn't turned up yet. 0 OH
06eLl.\811 npHHTH, HO eLl.\e He nOflB11S111Cf1. => show up
5 (v adv) nO,lJ,BepHyrbCSI, CTaTb AOCl)'nHblM, C11YLlaTbCSI
(0 WBHce, B03MO>KHOCTH H T.n., '1BerO 6e3 npHnOJ«eHHI'I
KBKHx-n. YCfflHH) . She is waitingfor something to turn
up. 0 OHa >K,IJ.eT, LITO LlTO-HH6Y,lJ,b nOABepHeTCSI. => come 
along ...
DW I
(n] pS3r. HeO>ICHA8HHbI nOBopOT C06b1THH, Henpe,lJ,-
BHAeHHblH HCXOA ,lJ,el1a . It S no good waiting for some
turn-up. 0 6ecn011e3HO >K,O,aTb, LITO LITO-TO HeO>ICI'!AaHHO
C11YL1HTCfI.
6 () pa3r Bbl3b1BaTb y 1C0ro-11. 6011e3HeHHoe OT-
SpaLl.\eHHe, Bbl3b1aaTb y KorO-I1. paol)', BbiBOpaLll'!BaTb

348
Koro-n. (OT TOWHOTbI) . His manners turn me up. <> Me-
HR npOCTO soponrr OT ero MaHep.
7 (v adv) yn)"lWaTbCR. nOll.H.,MaTbCR, YKpennRTbCR (06
3KOHOMJ1Ke, 0 pb/HKe J1 T.n.) . Investments in oil compa-
nies are turning up at last. <> HaICOHe14-TO "HseCn'\14 B
He$TRHble 1C0MnaH.,., yse/l"'JsaIOTCR. :=) turn down
- upturn
[nJ nOll.'beM, Y11Y'fWeHl-1e (s 3KOHOMJ1Ke), nOSbiWeHl-1e,
pOCT (eH J1 T.n.)
· turn It up
(v n adv) pa3r. OpocaTb pa6OTY, Bce; npeKpaTb 'JTO- /l.
""..aCTO B noBenl1TenbHOM HaKJ10IieHIltIlt}> . It cannot go on
long, I'll turn It all up. <> 3TO He MO)l(eT lI.onro npo-
lI.OJ1)l(aTbCSl, R Bce 3TO npeKpa14Y. . Turn it up! <> Xsa-
nn, Ha.D.Oeno! :=) give up
· turn one's nose up
(v n adv) pa3r. 3aJJ.paTb HOC (nepetl KeM-n.); BOpOTI-1Tb
HOC (OT .,ero-n.) . Why do you turn your nose up at my
cooldng? <> nQLIeMY Te6e He HpaSI-1TCSI, KaIC R roTOS/lIO?
use sth up
__ (v n adv) I-1CTpaTlo1Tb, 1-13paCXOll.osaTb, .,cnonb3osaTb
'JTo-n. nO/lHOCTblO lI.O KOH. When did you have tirrw
to use up air petrol we had filled up for you? <> KorAa"fbj
ycnen .,3paCXOll.OSaTb seCb 6eH31-1H, KOTOpblH M
aanpaSI-1/l1-1 TeOe? :=) run away with
wait up
(v adv) He nO)l(.,TbCs:I cnaTb (s O)j(JoIABHUU Koro-n.) <;;'1ac-
TO c nocneAYIOU4IItM npeA/lOrOM for';> . Don't wait up for


349
me. 0 He AO>KIo1ABMCSI MeHSI101 1l0)KIo1Cb cnaTb.  lceep up,
stay up
wake (sb/sth) up (vadv, v n adv) (IiIMeeTCR adj]
1 npOCblnaTbCSI; 6YA/o1Tb KOro-ll. . At every noise he
starts and wakes up. 0 nplo1 KIDKAOM wopoxe OH B3AJ>a-
rI1BaeT 101 npocblnaeTCSI . Be quiet, or you '/I wake the ..
baby up. 0 Tlo1we, Tbi pa36YA/o1wb pe6eHKa.
D wake-up
[adj] npo6Y>KABIOI.W-1M, 6YASlU4I-1M . In our hotel you can
have a wake-up service. 0 B HaweM rocTIo1HIo1u.e Bbi MO-
)KeTB nonpoClo1Tb, 'IT06b1 sac pa36YA/o1IlIo1.
2 np06Y>KABTb, B36aAplo1BaTb, BCTpSlXI-1BaTb, Aell8Tb
60nee OXI-1BneHHblM 1C0rO-Il'/'iTO-Il. (nlQQeH iii T.n.);
np06Y>KAaTbCSI, O)KI-1BaTb, B036Y>KAaTbcSI . Nature
wakes up in spring. 0 BecHoM npl-1pOAB np06Y>KABeTcSI.
. He needs waking up a little. 0 Ero HY>KHO HeMHoro
8360API-1Tb.
wake up to sth
(v adv pr) BHe3anHO OC03HaTb 'ITO-Il. (onaCHOCTb,
}ITP03Y, npaBAY iii T.n.) . I am just waking up to the
truth. 0  TOllblCO ceM'IaC Ha'lIo1HalO nOHIo1MaTb npaBAY. ..
wash (sb/sth) up (vadv, v n adv)
1 erE MblTb KaKYIO-Il. nOCYAY . He insisted in helping me
wash up. 0 OH HaCTalo1Ban, 'IT06b1 nOMO'Ib MHB nOMblTb
nocYAY. . I carried a/l the dishes to the kitchen and.
washed them up. 0  npl-1HOClo1n BCIO nOCYAY Ha KYXHIO 1-1
Mblll ee.
2 CMblBaTb 'ITO-n. IC 6epery, Bbl6paCblBaTb'lTO-n./1C0-
rOan. Ha 6eper; 6b1Tb CMblTblM, Bbl6poweHHblM Ha 6e-

350
per. Someone's body washed up under the bridge. 0
'"Ibe-TO Te110 CMbl110 nOA MOCT. . Big logs are washed up
every day on the east coast. 0 KIDKAbli1l AeHb Ha BOC-
TO'iHbli1l Geper BbIHOCS!TCS! G011bWl1e GpeBHa.
wear_(sb/sth) down (v adv, v n adv)
..
1 113HaWI1BaTb, CT\I1paTb 'iTO-11.; 113HaWI1BaTbCS!, cn,-
paTbcS!. Look. your shoes have worn do"".. 0 CMOTP\l1,
Y TeGS! TYcP1111 113HOCI111I1Cb.
2 oC11a611S!Tb, \I13MaTbiBaTb KorO-11.; oC11a6eBaTb, BbiMa.
TbIBaTbCS!, \I13MaTbiBaTbCS! . The illness wore her down.
o 6011e3Hb oC11a61111a ee. . My nerves are wearing down
because of you. 0 1-13-3a TeGS! MOI1 HepBbI pacwaTblBa-
IOTCS!.
weigh sb I sth down
1 (v n adv) TS!Hyrb BH\I13, OTTS!r\l1BaTb 'iTO-11.; npl1r\l16aTb
KorO-11'/'iTO-11.; A8B\I1Tb Ha ICOro-11'/'iTO-11. . The yoke
K'i!ighed her shoulders down painfillly. 0 KOpoMblcno
6011bHO A8BI1110 ei1l Ha n11e'il1. = weight down
2 () OTS!roUl8Tb, o6peMeHS!Tb KOro-11. . He is
 weighed down completely with griel 0 OH COBCBM CH\I1K
,...:. OT ropS!.
weigh sb I sth up
(v n adv) TUl8Te11bHO paCCMaTp\l1BaTb, B3BeW\I1BaTb,
OueHI1BaTb KOro-11'/'iTO-11. . Please weigh your words
up. 0 nO>KaI1yi1lcTa, B3BeW\I1Bai1lTe CBOI1 C110Ba.
weight sb I sth down
(v n adv) = weigh down

35"1
wind (sth) down
1 (vadv, v n adv) onYCKaTb, cnycKaTb 'jTo-n. (0 no-
MOl14blO Spal14alOl14eUCf/ pKH); npHBOAHTbC B ABH-
>KeHHe BHH3 (ne6e,llKO';;, SOpOTOM H T.n.) . I had to wind
(he car window down to hear him. 0 YT06b1 YCllbiWaTb
ero. MHe npHWllOCb OTKpblTb OKHO MaWHHbI. . The win-
dows don 'I wind down easilv. 0 OKHa nl1OXO nOAJJ,aIOTCA
TOMY, 'jT06b1 HX onYCTHTb (c nOMOlllblO BpalllCllOllIeRcA
f)y'iICH).  Kind up
2 (v adv) 3aMeAllATbCA, OCTaHaBllHBaTbCI'I (0 '1aoax. 0
nPY>KHHHOM MexaHH3Me) . This clock-spring wiJ/ wind
down in 24 hours. 0 aTa 'jaCOBa npYJKHHa OCTaHO-
BHTC 'iepe3 24 'jaca.  wind up
3 (v adv, v n adv) CBOAHTb H8 HeT, CBepTbtBaTb'iTO-I1.
(nOCTeneHHo); cnYCKaTb 'jTO-I1. Ha TopM03a; nOCTe-
neHHO CXOAHTb Ha HeT, HC'je3aTb MaJlO-nOMaJlY . 0111"
company has to Kind down (its business) here. 0 Hawa
KOMnaHHR BblHY>KAeHa CBepTbiBaTb CBOIO paC50ry
3AeCb.
4 (v adv) paCCl1a611ATbCA, c6pacblBaTb HanpA>KeHHe,
OTAbixaTb . Lislening to mllsic is the only way for him to
Kind down. 0 EAHHcTBeHHblR cnoco6 AllA Hero pac- .-
clla6i'1TbCS1 - 3TO nocllywaTb MY3b1KY.
wind (sb I sth) up [HMOOTeR n H adj] I
1 (v n adv) nOAHHMaTb 'iTO-I1. (0 nOMOl14blO sp8U(,a-
lOI14el7reR PY'lKH H T.n.), npHBOAHTb 'jTO-I1. B ABH>KeHHe I
BBepx (ne6e,llKO';;, SOpOTOM H T.n.) . It s going 10 rain,
wind up your window by means of Ihal handle. 0 CeR-
'jac noiilAeT AO>KAb, nOAHHMH CTelUlO Y TBoero OKHa C
nOMOlllblO TO£; PYKOTKH.  wind down

352
2 (v n adv) 3aBOATb KaICOH-I1. np\f)KI1HHbli;; MexaHI13M,
nOATrnBaTb CTPYHbI . My walch has stopped because J
didn't wind it up today. 0 MOI1 '1aCbI OCTaHOBl1l1l1Cb, TaK
KaK  He 3aBOAI1I1X cerOAH. ::;) wind down
D wind-up
[adj) 3aBO./J,Hoi;; . They use a wind-up device to put this
mechanism in motion. 0 OHI1 I1CnOI1b3'{IOT 3aBOAHOe
YCTpoi;;cTBO, 'lT06b1 nplilBeCTI1 3TOT MexaHI13M B Aeii\-
CTBe.
3 (v n adv) 3aBeCTIil lCorO-I1. (pe'lblO, ,o,eiiiCTBI<fflMI<f .0.0
COCTOflHI<ffl B036)?K,1J,eHI<ffllo1 T.n.); AOBecnl KorO-I1. (.0.0
onpe.o.eneHHoro COCTOflHI<fJl); B3BIIIH'IBaTb 1C0ro-l1.
(p03b1rpb/WOM 101 T.n. ,o,eiiicTBIo1J1MH) "':..awe Passive'
. Don't be so wound up, there is nothing to argue
aboul. 0 Aa He 3aBOACb Tbi TaK; 3AeCb He 0 '1eM cno-
pliiTb. . Our speaker wound people up to utter excite-
ment. 0 Haw opaTOp ./J,OBell Cl1ywaTel1eH AO ICpaii\Hero
B036y>KAeH.
D wind-up
[n] wYTKa, p03b1rpblW . Is this a wind-up or what?
o 3TO '1TO 3a po3b1rpblw?
. 4 (v adv, ) 3aKaH'IIIIBaTb, 3aBepWaTb, 3aICpymRTb,
3aKI1IO'IaTb '1TO-ll.; 3aKaH'IIilBaTbC, 3aBepwaTbCR;
3aKpymTbcR (0 6ece,o,e. 0 BCTpe'le H T.n.) . How does
this book wind up? 0 YeM KOH'IaeTCR 3Ta KHlllra? . We
wound up our conversation late at night. 0 MbI 38-
1C0H'IIoU1 Hawy OeceAY n03AHO HO'IblO.
5 (v adv, v n adv) npeKpaTTb, cBepHyrb AeRTel1bHOCTb,
pa6my; npeKpaTTbC, cBepHyrbCR, nepeCTaTb 4>YHK-
ltl10HlllpOBaTb, I1I11KBI1./J,lIIpoBaTbc (0 npe,o,npHJlTHH,
OpraHH3aL.jHH H T.n.) . The company was wound up in


353
1990.0 ct>"'PMY 3aKpbln'" B 1990 rOAY. . Our firm will
wind up officially only at the end of this year. 0 Hawa
KOMnaH"' 3aKpOeTC ","",anbHo TonbKO B 1C0He
3TOro roAS.
a winding-up
[n] o4>"'"",anbHoe 3aKpblT"'e, II"'KB"'Aa"', CBepTbI-
BaH",e (,Qena, (/JHPMbI H T.n.) .1 am afraid my company
is to have a compulsory winding-up. 0 60lOCb, MoeH
KOMnaH"'''' npeACTO..,T np"'HYA..,TenbHoe CBepTblB8H"'e.
6 (vadv) np"'HT\o1 B "'Tore, 3aICOH""'Tb ('1eM-n. W1H B
KBKOM-n. MecTe) . If 1 stay here long enough, I'll wind
up by marrying him. 0 ECII'" JI 6YAY 3Aecb AOCTaTO'IHO
AOllro,  ICOH'I}' TeM, "TO BblHAY 3a Hero 3aMY>'<. => end
up,finish up
wise (sb) up
(v adv, v n adv) esp ArnE 06paaYMKTbCR; HMOYMKTb
Koro-n. . When will you at last wi...e up? 0 KorAS TbI,
HaKOHe, 06pa3YM"'WbCJI? . He needs wising up, he
can't think himself. 0 OH He MO>KeT Coo6paa"'Tb caM,
ero HMO HMOYM"'Tb.
work (sth) up .-
1 (v adv, v n adv) paaB"'B8Tb, pa3pa6aTblBaTb, pac-
W"'PRTb '/TO-II. (PblHOK, c(/Jepy JJ.efITenbHOCTH H T.n.); j
o6pa6aTblB8Tb, OTAenblB8Tb ("To-n.) AO onpeAeneH-
Horo YPOBHJI; pa3B"'B8TbCSI, pacw"'pRTbC, coBepweH- I
CTBOBaTbai «HHor.o.8 C nocne.o.YIOU4MMH npelVlOraMI1 lor,
Into, to}> .1 must work up this theme to a complete story.
o SI AOJl)l(eH pa3pa60TaTb 3T)' TeMY AO 3aKOH"eHHoro
pacclCa3a. . His whole-sale is working up now for a
12 B. r. CronHp

354

large-scale business. 0 Ero OmOBaR ToprOBnR paCWH-
pReTCR AO pa3MepoB ICpynHoro OH3Heca.
2 (v n adv) HapalUHBaTb CHnbl, 3HeprHIO, YBenlil'lIilBaTb
'1TO-n. (0 '1ucne CTOpoHHUKOB. 0 nOJJ.QepJKKe U T.n.)
. We hope that your party will be able to work up more
support for liS. 0 Mbi Ha.c.eeMCR, '1TO Bawa napTMR CMO-
)l(eT YBenH'IHTb nO,DJJ.ep)l(KY Hawero ABIiI)I(eHHR. . This
rain is working up for a heavy shower. 0 3TOT AO*Jjp
nepepacTaeT B nlilBeHb.
3 (v n adv) cTIiIM}'nlilpoBaTb, pa3)1(liIraTb. B036Y>KJJ,aTb
'1TO-n. (anneT/IIT, uHTepec. '1YBcTBa) . If you work up
your anger /'11 stop talking to you. 0 EcnH Tbi 6YAewb
HaKMRTb CBOIO 3JlOCTb. R nepecT8HY roBOpHTb C T06oH.
4 (v n adv) 06pa6aTbiBaTb KaKHe-n. A3HHble, CBell.eHHR;
C061i1paTb KaKYIO-n. IiIH<t>opMaa.11O . Did you work up
the yesterday s results? 0 Bbi oOpa60TMIiI B'IepaWHl1e
pe3ynbTaTbI?
wrap (sb/sth) up
1 (v adv, v n adv) Tenno OAeBaTb Koro-n.; YKYTblBaTb
1C0ro-n. ('1eM-n. TennblM): Tenno OAeeaTbCR. KYTaTbCS!
(so 'ITO-n. Tennoe) ..:{MHOr.l18 C npe.l1ll0rOM in.. . Not nec-
essary to wrap the child up too much. 0 He H8AO cnl1w-
ICOM KYTaTb pe6eHKa. . I think it s cold now. wrap up in
a mg. 0 LlYMalO, cej;1'1ac XOnOll.HO, YKYTaj;1cR nnell.OM.
2 (v n adv) 3aBepWaTb, 3aKaH'IIiIBaTb '1TO-n., ceep-
TbiBaTb KaKOen. Aeno . You should wrap the whole deal
up within a few days. 0 BaM cneAyeT 3a HeClConbKO
AHeH 3aBepWIiITb Bee Aeno.
· wrap It up
() P83r: yrI1XOMl1pIilTbCR. 3aMOn'laTb <otSbI'IHO B

355
nosenMTenbHOM HaKl10HeHMI'I» . Stop making a noise,
wrap it up! 0 XBanlT WYMeTb, yrWXoMwpbTeCbl
· be wrapped up in 5b / 5th
(v n adv pr) OblTb nOIlHOCTblO nomOmeHHblM &jeM-II.;
BceLlellO OT,o,a88TbCSl KOMY-II./&jewry-Jl., norpy3WTbCfI BO
&jTO-II. . Look at him, he is wrapped up in his children.
o nOCMOTpwTe Ha Hero, OH LlellllllCOM n0rJ10meH AeTb-
Mill.
write 5th down
(v n adv) 3anWCblBaTb &jTO-II. . Write down what / am
telling YOII. 0 3anwcblBawTe, &jTO fI rOBOplO 88M. => get
down, put down
write 5th up (v n adv) [..,MeerCR n]
1 AomlCblBaTb, nepenWCblBaTb &jTO-II. (nY'/W"'M 06pa-
30M); Ocj)OPMllflTb nlllCbMeHHO nOIlHblH O1'1eT 0 &jeM-II.
. / need.some time to write the results up. 0 MHe H}')KHO
HeKOTopoe BpeMfI, &jT06b1 nWCbMeHHO Ocj)OpMWTb pe-
3YllbTaTbl.
2 nOIlO)l(WTellbHO WIIW BblCOICO OT3b188TbCfI 0 &jeM-II.;
npeB03HOCIIITb, peK11aMWpOBaTb &jTO-II. B ne&jaTIll 
. Could you imagine my book being written up in the ..:.
press? 0 Mor TbI BooOpa3111Tb, &jTo6b1 MOIO KHWI)' XBa-
IIl11l1a npecca?
a write-up
In] XOPOWIIIH OT3b1B, BblCOKafl OLleHKa ne&jaTW . You
/mow. my book has got a nice write-up. 0 TbI 3HaeWb,
MOSI KHwra nOIlY&jHlla XOPOWWH OT3b1B.
12.

11
from
to towards
PA3)lEJI
TEMATMKA PA30BblX rnArOnOB:
ABI1/KeHl1e OTKYAa-i\. - KYAa-i\.; npoI1CXO/KAeHMe - HB'IHHBHIIe;
OTAelleHMe, M36aB11eHI1e - BHHMBHl1e, COXpBHeHHe; 3aWl1Ta,
npeAYllpe)KAeHl1e - TeHAeHljl1R, Ha3Ha'leHl1e. Hauei\I1BaHl1e, H&
npaB/leHMe; yt;IeHbWeHHe. M3bRTMe - H3MeHeHI1e, pa31111'1eHl1e: OT.
'1y>t<AeHl1e - 06weHl1e
account to sb
(v pr) OT'!I1TaTbCSI, OTBeTI1Tb nepeA lCeM-n. (3<1 '1TO-n.);
A8Tb YAOBneTBopl1TenbHoe oObSlCHeHl1e (no nOBO.QY
'1ero-n.) <i1B03MOJKHO c nocneAYlOl..lIMM npe,ll,J10rOM for'»
. You've got to accounllo your parents for the broken
car. 0 Te6e npl1AeTCSI 06bSlCHSlTb{:S! C pOAI1TenSlMI1 33
, nonOMaHHYIO MaWI1HY. => answer 10
_ admit (sth) to sb/sth
1 (v n pr) npl13HaTbCSI B '1BM-n. (B BHHe, S owu6Ke, B
npocrynKe H T.n.) KOMy-n. . J had to admit my mistake
to the teacher. 0 MHe npl1WnOCb npl13HaTbCSI Y'lI1TenlO B
cBoe£1 oWl10lCe.
2 (v pr) npl13HaTb '1TO-n.; npl13HaTbCSI. C03HaTbCSI B
'1BM-n. . J had to admit to making a mistake. 0 s:I BI>!-

357
HyJKAeH 6b1J1 nplll3H8TbCSI, 'frO COBepWllln OWIII6KY ":803-
MOJKHa ing-$JpMa gerund nocne npe.rll1ora to. . He'll
never admit to being wrong. 0 OH H"'ICOrp,a He npH3HaeT
CBoe HenpaBOTbI.
agree to sth
(v pr) com8C"'TbCliI H8 '1TO-I1., C '1eM-I1.; OP.06P"'Tb
'lTO-I1. . Why can't they agree to our offer? 0 nO'leMY
OHH He MOryr com8CHTb Ha Hawe npeA/lO)KeHHe?
amount to sth (v pr)
1 6b1Tb paBHblM '1eMY-I1., P.OCTHraTb 8 IIITore KaKO-I1.
BeI1H'I"'HbI . At last, my debt amounts to an insignificant
sum and I can take a deep breath. 0 H8ICOHe-TO MO
AOl1r COCT8BI1S1eT He3Ha'l"'Tel1bHYIO CYMMY, '" SI MOry
B3.AOXHYTb CB060.AH0. => come io
2 03H8'1aTb '1TO-I1., CBOp'HTbCSI K '1eMY-I1. . All you
talked to me amounted to nothing. 0 Bce, 0 '1eM TbI co
MHO rOBop"'I1, He 3H8'1HT Hwrero.
3 P.o6",eaTbCSI '1erO-I1. B )K"'3H'" ":OObl'lHO B OTpHTenl>-
HbiX nPe.rll10)l(eHMflX . If you don't make efforts to get
some profession you '/I hardly IlIIfOUlft to much. 0 EC11\II
TbI He np"'110)K"'Wb YCWI"'SI, '1TOObl nOl1}"1lffb KaKYIO-
H"'6YP.b npo4>ecc",lO. TbI BpSI.A 11111 P.OCT\IIrHeWb MHOroro.
=> come to II1II
answer to sb I sth (v pr)
1 6b1Tb ynpaBI1S1eMblM KeM-I1./'1eM-I1.; nOP.'1I11HmDCSI, I
nOB"'HOB8TbCSllCoMY-I1'/'1eMY-I1. . It's time to stop an-
swering to his stupid orders. 0 nopa nepecT8Tb noP.-
'1HHRTbCR ero P.ypaK"'M npHKa38M.

358
1m
2 OTKJ1Jo1KaTbC, OT3b1BaTbCSl, pearJolpoBaTb Ha '1TO-I1.
. He is slightly hard of hearing but can answer to any
ring. 0 OH HeMHoro mYX0BaT, HO MO>KeT OTKJ1Jo1KHyTbCR
Ha 1lI060 3BOHOK.
3 COOTBeTCTBOBBTb, YAoBl1eTBOpTb, OTBe'laTb'leMY-I1.
(Tpe60B8HuSlM, onUCBHUlO, 3Bnpocy U T.n.) . This new
TV-set answer well to the interior of our room. 0 ::ITOT
HOBbI Te11eBJoI30p YAa'lHO BnJolCblBaeTC B JoIHTepbep
Hawe KOMHaTbI.
4 OTBeTJoITb, 06bCHJoITbC nepeA KeM-I1'/'1eM-I1. -«803-
MO)l(HO c nocneAYlOlJU'IM npe,l1l1oroM for'" . rou 've got to an-
swer to your parents for the broken car. 0 Te6e npl'!-
AeTC OTBeTI'!Tb nepeA pOAJ.1Tel1MI'! 3a n0J10MBHHYIO
MaWJoIHY.  account to
apply (sth) to sb/sth
1 (v pr) ciTHOCJoITbC K KOMY-ll., pBcnpocTpBHTbCR HB
KorO-ll., npIilMeHTbc IC ICOMY-ll., KaCBTbC 1C0rO-I1.
. What I say does lIot apply to you. 0 MoJol Cl10ea K BaM
He OTHOCTC.
2 (v n pr) npJolKJ1aAblBaTb, HaK11aAblBBTb'lTO-ll. Ha 1«1-
KYIO-ll. nOBepxHoCTb . F,rst you should apply gille to
the surface. 0 CHa'laJla nOKpOTe nOBBpxHOCTb KJ1BeM.
3 (v pr) nOAaBaTb 3aBJ1BHIiIB KOMY-J1. (0 npueMe H8 pa-
6oT}' U r.n.). o"6paLWiTbCSI K KOMY-J1. C npocb60iil (0
'1eM-n.) -«803MO)l(HO c nocneAYlOlJU'IM npe.a.noroM for» . J
am allowed to apply to the director for the promotion.
o MHB pa3peWlilll1i1 nOAaTb npocb6y Ha nOBblWBHJoIB.
attend to sb I sth (v pr)
1 CJ1ywaTb BHIiIMaTBl1bHO KOrO-J1./'1TO-J1., nplilCl1ywl1-

359
BaTbCSI k 1C0My-n./'feMy-n.; YAe/1SlTb BHIoIMaHIoIe, OTHeC-
ntCb co BHIoIMaHioleM IC lCoMy-n./'feMy-n. . The teacher
waited until the pupils would begin to attend to him.
<> Y'fiolTenb >kA8fI, nOKa Y'feHiollCI/I CTaHYT cnYW8Tb ero
BHIoIMaTenbHO.
2 YXUIoIB8Tb 38 keM-n. (t5onbHblM H T.n.), 3860ntTbCSI 0
1C0M-n./'IeM-n.; cneAIoITb 3a 'IeM-n. . Please, attend to
my flat for an hour while I go to the shop. 0 6YAb AOOp,
nplolCMoTpiol 38 MOBM kB8pTl1poM 'faCOk, nOKa SI cxo>k}' B
Mar83Io1H. ::;:> look after
3 YAenSlTb BHIoIMaHiole kOMy-n./'IeMy-n.; 38HIoIM8TbCSI
keM-n'/'IeM-n.: O(jc11}')ICI1BaTb 1C0ro-n. . Please. attend
to your business. 0 nOJKa11YMCTa, 38HIoIMaMCSI CBOiolM
lle110M. . What would you like to buy? - Thank you, I
am already being attended to. 0 'iTO 6b1 Bbi XOTe1111
kynlolTb? - CnacIoIt5o, MeHSI }')ICe 06cJ1Y)KHB8IOT.
blow sb I sth to sth
(v n pr) ptJ3r. paaPYWHTb, P830HTb'lTO-n. BApe6e3rH, Ha
Menklole 'IaCTH; pa3HeCTI1 koro-n./'ITO-n. Ha IC}'CkH
<;(OjaCTO PaSSIV6; nocJ1e npeA/lora to I1CnOJ1b3Y1OTCA B OCHOB-
HOM CI10ea stoms. bits. pieces. blazes, alexy. kinQdom come»
. I suspect that somebody could be blown to kingdom
come by the explosion of this strange packet. 0 no-
AoapeB8IO, 'ITO korO-TO MomH OTnpaBHTb IC npaoTI.48M _
B3pblBOM 3Toro CTpaHHoro nalCeTa.
bore sb to sth
(v n pr) HoeA8Tb, H8CICY'fl1BaTb kOMy-n. AO 'fero-n,
(.Qo CMepTH, .QO Cfle3. .QO t5e3YMHR H T.n.) <nOCJ1e
npeA/lora to I1CnOJ1b3yKJTCA B OCHOBHOM CJ10ea death, dIstrac-
tion, tears» . [ can't meet him any longer. I am fed up

360
wilh him and he bored me 10 dislraction. 0 5160Ilbwe He
MOry C HM BCTpe'laTbCA, A CblTa M no ropIlO,  OH MHe
Ha.lJ.QeIl JJ,O 'IepTIiIICOB.
bring sb/sth to (sb/sth)
1 (v n pr) npHocTb 'ITO-I1., npBOJJ,Io1Tb 1C0rO-I1. K ICO-
MY-II., Ky,lJ,a-I1. . Wiry didn 'I you bring your friend to us?
o nO'ieMY Tbi He npBeIl CBoero APyra IC HaM? :::::> come
along (to)
2 (v n pr) JJ,OBOJJ,IiITb KOrO-I1./'iTO-I1. JJ,O KaKOrO-I1. CO-
CTOAHA . My words brought her to a shock. 0 Molo!
cIIoaa npBeIl ee B WOK. . To make lea you should
bring water to the boil. 0 YT06b1 3aaapTb 'Iail!, Bbi
JJ,01\)l(Hbi JJ,oaeCT BOJJ,Y JJ,o IClo1neH!'I.
3 () npIo1BOJJ,Tb lCorO-I1. B C03HaHe . If I can see
anybody fainll don't know how to bring him to. 0 Ecnlo!
A B)IC'y, 'ITO KTO-H6YJJ,b na,o.aeT B 06MOPOK, A He 3HalO,
I<8IC nplo1BeCT ero B C03HaHe. :::::> bring round
· bring sth to an end
(v n pr) nOIlO)l(IIITb KOHelt 'IeMY-I1., npeKpaTIIITb'lTO-n.
(06&1'1HO HenpJfRTHoe) . /'II bring Ihese rumours to an
end. 0 51 nOIlo)l(Y 3TIiIM cnyxaM KOHeu.
come from sb I sth (v pr)
--
1 6paTb tta'lano, nOABIIATbCSI, noc-rynaTb, npocxoJJ,HTb
OT Koro-I1-!'1ero-I1. (0 npe.D.MeTax, 6one3HRx, RBneHHRX
'" T.n.) . This injection may come from polluted reser-
voirs. 0 3Ta H4>eKUIiIA MO)l(eT noc-rynaTb 1113 3arpA3HeH-
HbiX BOJJ,oeMOB. . II all comes from idleness. 0 aTO Bee
npOlllCXOJJ.lo1T OT 6e3JJ,eIlbSl.
2 nplll6b1BaTb OTKyJJ,a-I1., IIIMeTb npOIiICXO)I(JJ.eHllle rone-n.
-

361
(onIOARX) . Do you come from Italy? 0 Bbi npMexan M3
TanMM?
come from I of sb I sth (v pr)
1 npoMCXO,/J.MTb OT KalCoro-n. pO.D,a, KaKOH-II. C9MbH,
,/J.HHacn1M M T.n. . He comes from a good line. 0 OH npo-
HCXO,/J.MT M3 xopoweH CeMbI1.
2 CTaTb pe3YllbTaToM 'iero-n., nonY"IHTbCSI, BblXO,/J.MTb
H3...ero-n. . I wondered, if anything would come of our
dates. 0 MHe t5b1110 HHTepeCHO, npMBe,o,vr 11M IC ...eMY-
HIII6Y,/J.b HaWM CBH.D,aHHSI?
· come of age
(v pr) ,/J.OCTHraTb COBepweHHoneT\o1S1, 3pellOCnt . When
vau come of age, you'll get the inheritance. 0 Kor.D,a Tbi
,/J.OCTHrHeWb COBepweHHOlleTHSI, Tbi nOllY'i\o1Wb Ha-
cne,/J.CTBo.
come to (sb/sth)
1 (v adv) np\o1XOJJ.l'lTb B C03HaH\o19, B cet5A . We were
waiting for him to come to after anaesthesia. 0 Mbi
)I(,IJ,31I\o1, nOKa OH npH,/J.eT B cet5A nocne np\o1MeHeH\o1A.
 come roU1ld, go out
2 (v adv) npelCpaT\o1Tb ,/J.B\o1>KeH\o1e (0 Kopat5ne /II T.n.)
. Why did their boat come to? - Because the wind has
dropped. 0 nO...eMY \o1X nO,/J.Ka BCTana? - nOTOMY 'fT0 ...
BeTep nponan.
3 (v pr) 6b1Tb paBHblM ...eMY-II., ,/J.OCTHraTb KalCoiii-lI.
Bem.1...MHbI . The day temperature came to forry degrees.
o ,QHeBHaA TeMnepaTYpa ,/J.oCTJolrna COpoKa rp3./J.YCOB.
 amount to
4 (v pr) ,/J.OHTM,/J.O Koro-n./...ero-n. (8 nOPf/lJ,Ke o...epeJ]./II,
06C}?K..QeH/IISl /II r.n.) . I didn't forget about your prob-

362
lem: wait, /'II come 10 that presently. 0 51 He aa6b1f1 0
saweiil np06I1eMe; )l(,AIiITe, S! aaiilMYCb elO '1epe3 He-
KOTopoe BpeMS!. => gel 10
5 (v pr) AOCT"raTb '1ero-I1. B )I("3H" . He managed 10
come 10 much due 10 himself. 0 EMY YAa110Cb AOCn1'1b
MHororo B )I("3H" 6e3 nOCTopoHHeiil nOMol1.
=> amounllo
count to sth
(v pr) C'f"TaTb AO KaKOrO-I1. 'f"cna . If you wanllo be-
come calm counl 10 twenty. 0 ECII" XO'leWb ycnoKO-
"TbCS!, noc'IliITaiil AO ABaAuaT".
draw sth from sb I sth (v n pr)
1 BblnblTbiBaTb, BblTS!r"BaTb, BbiBeAbiBaTb '1TO-n. y
1C0rO-I1.; Y3HaBaTb '1TO-I1. (OT KOrO-l1.) (npHnO)KHB onpe-
,qeneHHble YCHnHR) . You '/I hardly manage to draw
even a word from him. 0 BpSiA 11" Te6e yp,aCTCSI BbI-
TSlHyrb 1113 Hero XOTb OAHO CflOBO. => draw OUI/OUI of
2 "3BIIeKaTb, nOflY'laTb, np"06peTaTb '1TO-I1. "3 '1ero-fl.
. What kind of benefit have you drawn from this book
for yourself? 0 KaIC}'IO ,nOIlb3Y TbI H3BIIeK "3 3Toiil KHlllrl1
AIlS! ce6S!?
I draw sb to I towards sb I sth
l1li (v n pr) np"BlleKaTb, 3aMaH"BaTb KOrO-l1. IC KOMY-fl./
'1eMY-l1. . His unusual manner of speaking drew the film
producer 10 him. 0 Ero MaHepa rOBOpHTb np"BIIeK11a K
HeMY.BH"MaH"e pe)l(HCCepa.
fall to (sth)
1 (v adv, v pr) npHCl)'naTb (K '1eMY-ll.), np"HIilMaTbCR

363
(AenaTb '-no-n.) <i{nocne npe,a,nor3 to 06b1'1HO I1CnOnb3yeTcR
Ing-<I>opMa gerund> . Guests asked her to read out a
poem and she fell to (reading it) with gusto. 0. rOcn1
nonpoclilnlil ee npO'iIilTaTb BCflY)( CTlilxoTBopeHlile, iii OHB
Ha'lBna ('IIiITBTb ero) C JKBPOM.
2 (v pr) o.pll. CTBHOBIiITbCR 'IbtlM-n. AenOM, BblnBAaTb
Ha Aomo Koro-n. <i{'1aCTO BMeCTO no.nne)Karo I1cnonb-
3yeTCR it» . It falls to you to do the shopping. 0. TeOe
"'AT'" B Mara31i1H 3a nQII:ynKaM"'.
· fall to the ground
(v pr) PYWIiITbCR (0 nnBHax); npOBBnIilTbCR, nOTepneTb
HeYAB'IY; OKB3BTbCR 6ecnone3HblM . All the succession
of proofs will fall 10 Ihe ground when I present only one
argument against. 0. SCR TBOR uenO'lKa AOKa3aTenbCTB
pa3BBnl-lTCR, KOr;c.a R npl-lBeAY TonbKO OAIiIH AOBOA npo-
niB. . prov Between two stools one falls 10 Ihe ground.
0. nocno /J,BYM rocnOABM He cnY>KaT. ::;> fall down
flow from sth
(v pr) BblTeKaTb, nOnY'laTbcR, npOI-lCTeKBTb. npol-lc-
KOA"'Tb 1-13 'Iero-n.: RBnRTbCR pe3ynbT8ToM 'Iero-n.
. This result flows from the following proof. 0. 8TOT
pe3ynbTBT BblTeKaeT 1-13 cneAYI014ero AOKa3aTenbCTBa.
get (sb I sth) to sb I sth l1li
1 (v pr, v n pr) AoOl-lpaTbCR KYAB-n., AocrnraTb KaICO-
ro-n. MecTa: AocTaBnRTb, npl-lB031-1Tb Koro-n./'ITo-n. K I
KOMy-n./KYAB-n. . What is the best way to gel 10 the
nearest bank? 0. KaK Hal1.nY'/WI-IM 06pa30M A06paTbCR
D,O Onl-1)1(awero 6aHlCa? . Will this bus gel me 10 the
center? 0. /J,oBe3sT nlil MeHR 3TOT aBToOyc AO ueHTpB?
::;> ,ake 10

364
2 (v pr) (nO)AeBaTbCSl, 3anpOnaCnlTbCSI KY.o.a-11. . She
always asks me where her glasses case has gOIIO. 0 OHa
Bcer.o.a cnpawHBaeT MeHl'I, KY.o.a nOAeBaJlcl'I $yr11l'1p OT
ee O'lICOB.
3 (v pr) AOCTHraTb, AOXOAKTb, A06HpaTbCI'I AO '1ero-n.
(8 ot5C)?K.QeHHJiI, 8 'fTeHJilJiI, 8 pa3MblWneHJilJiI, 8 pa3-
rosape H T.n.) . With these exams he'll gel 10 the point
of exhaustion. 0 C 3TMMH 3K3aMeHaMH OH AOHAeT AO
H3HypeHHI'I. . prov Don't cross the bridge till you gel 10
it. 0 nocno SceMY CBOH '1epeA.  come 10
4 (v pr) npHcrynaTb K '1eMY-11., Ha'lHHaTb '1TO-J1. <{'18cro
nocne npeA/10ra to cnonb3yeTcR ing-4>opMa gerund)
. Let s gel 10 watching TV. 0 ,[IaBaHTe Ha'lHeM CMO-
TpeTb Te11eBH30p.
5 (v pr) BnHl'ITb, AeHCTBOBaTb Ha KorO-11. . This noise of
the street traffic gollo me, and I couldn't sleep. 0 WYM
ynH'IHoro ABH)I(aHHI'I AeHCTBOBa11 Ha MaHl'I, H 1'1 He Mor
cnaTb. .
· get to the bottom of sth
(v pr) nOCTH%, nOHl'ITb '1TO-n.; AOHT\r1, A06paTbCI'I 110
. cyrH '1ero-11. . I won't be able to come to a decision
 until I gel 10 the bonom of the!r offer. 0  He CMOry
p.  npHHI'ITb peweHHe, nOKa He AOHAY AO cyrn \r1X npel!.-
110)l(eHHI'I.
go to sb/sth (v pr)
1 XOAHTb K 1C0MY-11. H11H KY.o.a-n.; nOCeUl8Tb KOro-n./
'1TO-11. . After school I walll to go 10 work, not to uni-
versity. 0 nocne WK011b1 1'1 XO'lY XOAHTb Ha pa60TY, a He
y'lHTbCl'I B YH"'BepCHTeTe. . prov All are not saints thar
go 10 church. 0 nocno He Bce TO 30110TO, 'ITa 611ecTion.

365
2 "Ani, nOiiiT" Ha 'iTO-I1., peW"TbCR Ha 'iTO-I1.; He no-
>KaJ1eTb TPYAa ('fT06b1 CJJ,el1aTb'iTO-I1.) <'IaCTO C nacne-
AYJOU4I'IMI1 Bblp3JKBHI1RMI1 a lot of trouble, no end of trouble,
endless trouble, great pains. aI/lengths, any length. a great
length to do sth» . Long time ago he decided to go to any
length 10 become a boxer. 0 OH AaBHO peW"11 He OCTa-
HaBn"BaT H" nepeA 'ieM, ..TOObi CTaTb 6olCcepoM.
::) put to
· go to bed
(v pr) "AT" cnaTb; Cne'ib B nOCTel1b (H3-38 6one3HH)
. Why don 'I you go to bed? You told me you were ill.
o nO'ieMY Tbi He B nOCTel1"? 1b1 roBOP"11 MHe, 'iTO Tbi
6011eH. ::) get up
· go to hell I the devil I blazes
(v pr) pa3r. nowel1lC 'iepry' . What did he answer? - He
lold me to go to hell! 0 LjTO xe OH OTeeTWI? - OH
nocl1an MeHR K 'iepry.
go towards 5th
(v pr) TpeOoBaTbCR, nOiiiT" Ha'iTO-I1. . Don't touch this
money, it'll go towards your new suit. 0 He Tporaiii 3T"
AeHbr", OH" noiiiAYT Ha Teoiii HOBbliii KOCTIOM.
grow from 5th
(v pr) nORBI1RTbCR, B03H"KaTb, npo"CXOAJllTb. pa3B"- ...
BaTbCR OT'ierO-I1. . Her profound interest in literature 
grew from reading Dickens. 0 Ee rny6oK"iii "HTepeC IC
I1"Teparype nORB"l1CR np\ll 'fTeH"" A"ICKeHca. ::) grow
out of
happen to 5b 15th
Iv pr) npO"30iiiTIoI, cnY'iIolTbCR C lCeM-I1'/'ieM-I1. . I am

366
afraid something has happnd to my wife. 0 60lOCb,
'ITO-TO C11Y'1\11J10Cb C Moe£i )KeHoiii. . prov It can happen
even to a bishop. 0 nocno Bee Mbi J1IOAl-!. ace MbI'Ie110BeKl1.
head towards sth
(v pr) = head for/towards
hear from sb
(v pr) n011Y'1101Tb BeCTO'lKY, H3BeCTIoIe, nlolCbMO 101 T.n. OT
KorO-11. . I haven't heard from my friend since I visited
him last month. 0 S! He nOJ1Y'l81l BeCTO'lKH OT Moero
LlPyra C Tex nop. KaK 6b111 Y Hero B npoW110M MeCJIIe.
hold (sb) to 5th
1 (v pr) TBepAO, HeH3MeHHO Llep>KaTbCR 'Iera-11. (onpe-
p,eneHHoVr n03ULlUu, MHeHUR, Kypca, npuHLlunOB '"
T.n.); OblTbBepHblM 'IeMY-11. (CBoeMycnoBY, 06eaH"'1O
U T. n.) . Are you able to hold to your promise? 0 Tbi cno-
C06eH Cnep)KaTb CBoe 06eJUaHIoIe?
2 (v n pr) Tpe60BaTb OT KorO-11. COOl1lOneHHR 'IerO-11..
BepHOCTH '!eMY-I1. . He is a good boy but sometimes we
have to hold him to principles. 0 OH xopowHiii MaJ1b'lHK,
HO HHorna HaM nplolXOLlIHCR TpeOOBaTb OT Hero
c061110LleHHR onpenel1eHHbIX npaBIoI11.  keep to
I
;.n keep (sb I sth) from sb
..... 1 (v n pr) cKpblBaTb 'ITO-11. OT KorO-I1.; He paCCKa3b1BaTb
o 'IeM-I1. KOMY-I1.; YMaJ1'1HBaTb 0 'IeM-I1. B pa3rOBope c
KeM-I1. . I can't trust her. she won't keep this secret
from her friends. 0 S! He MOry LlOBepRTb eiii, OHa He
yTalolT 3TOT ceKpeT OT CBOlolX nonpyr.  keep back
2 (v pr, v n pr) 1136eraTb ne11aTb 'ITO-I1., YLlep)KHsaTbCSI

387
OT 'Iero-II.; YlJ,ep)KMBaTb, npelJ,OXpaHJlTb KorO-II./&fTO-l1.
OT'IerO-II. ..;{B K8'fBCTB8 npllMoro ,IIonOAHeH..,II..aCTO "'CnoAb-
3Y8TCII ing-cPoPMB gerund» t They can't keep/rom quar-
relling. 0 OHM He MOryT YlJ,epJKaTbCSI, 'IT06b1 He no-
CCOpMTbCR tIt's no use trying to keep my parents/rom
quarrelling. 0 6ecnone3HO nbiTaTbCSI YlJ,epJKaTb MOMX
polJ,MTeneii\ OT CCOpt,l.
keep to sth (v pr)
1 IJ,BMra B KaKOM-I1. onpelJ,eneHHOM HanpaBJleHMM,
npMAep)KMBaTbCSI KalCoro-n. onpelJ,eneHHOro Mapwpy-
Ta . If you want to get to the theatre keep only to this
street. 0 EcnM Bbi xon1Te IJ,OOpaTbCR IJ,O TeaTpa, He ceo-
pa'iMBaii\Te c 3TOii\ ynMUbI.
2 C061110AaTb 'ITO-n. (np88ma, rpe60eaHHR H T.n.);
cneIJ,OBaTb'leMy-n. (co8eraM,/J.oro80peHHOCTH H T.n.)
. Keep to this book's advice and you.'11 be healthy.
o CnelJ,yii\ COBeTaM 3TOiii KHl-frM M TbI OYlJ,ewb 31J,0pOB.
:::) hold to
30CTaBaTbCSI B KaKOM-II. MeCTe, He nOKI-f.AaTb KaKoe-n.
MeCTO (KOMHBTy. /J.OM, noeTenb H T.n.) t You'd better
keep to the kitchen while the soup is on the stove. 0 TeOe
Jly'iwe OCTaBaTbCSI Ha KYXHe, nOKa cyn Ha nnl-fTe.
learn from 5th
(v pr) Y'1l-fTbCSI Ha OWl-fOKaX, Ha onbiTe (J«H3HeHHoM, l1li
HeYIJ.8'iHOM H T.n.) t You are so big but haven't learnt
from life anything. 0 Tbi TalCoiii Oonbwoii\, a HI-f'leMY B I
>KM3HI-f Tat< M He HayYl-fncSl.
leave 5th to 5b
(v n pr) = leave up to


368
,...
listen to sb I sth
(v pr) cnyw3Tb Koro-n./'ITO-n.; np",cnyw"'B3TbCSI BHI-1-
M3TenbHO K KOMy-n./'IeMy-n. . You'll never make a
mistake if you listen to your teacher attentively. 0 TbI HI-1-
1C0rAa He cAenaeWb OW",6K"', ecn", 6YAeWb cnywaTb
Y'i"'TenSl BHIo1MaTenbHO.
look to sth (v pr)
1 O<tmLl. 06pa148Tb cepbe3Hoe BH"'MaH",e Ha 'ITO-n.,
3a60TI-1TbcSl 0 'IeM-n'. -<I:'I3CTO Simple Tenses> . If you
looked to it earlier you wouldn't commit such an error.
o Ecn", 6b1 TbI 06paT",n Ha 3TO BH"'MaH",e paHbwe, TbI
Obi He AonycT",n TaKo£i OW",OK"'.
2 BblXOAI-1Tb 4>aC3J\OM, OKHaM'" Ha 'ITO-n. . My room
looks to her house. 0 MOR KOMHaTa BblXOAHT OKHaMI-1 K
ee AOMY. :::) look towards
look towards 5th (v pr)
1 HanpaBnRTb B3rnSlA B K3KOM-n. HanpaBneH"'''', Ha
'ITO-n. . When you look towards the tower, you'll see
those bells. 0 KorAa BbI HanpaBl-ITe cBo£i B3mRA Ha
OawHIO, BbI YB"'AIo1Te Te KonOKon3.
2 CKOHeHTp"'pOBaTb CBoe BHI-1MaH"'e Ha <jeM-II.,
CMOTpeTb Ha KaKOe-n. RBneHl-1e B OYAyuteM . Look to-
ward... the filtuTf! with confidence. 0 CMOTP'" B 6YAYlUee
C YBepeHHoCTblO.
3 BblXOA"'Tb 4>acaAoM, OKHaMI-1 Ha 'ITO-n. «{Simple
Tenses> . My room looks towards her entrance. 0 MaR
KOMHaTa OKHaM'" BblXOAHT IC ee nOAbe3AY. => look to
move towards 5th
(v pr) npI-16n"'>KaTbCR, AB"'raTbcR IC 'IeMy-n. (K co-

369
maCHIO, K'IeMy-n. HaMe'leHHOMY. K nOHHM8HHIO H T.n.)
. When. eventually. will they move towards a compro-
mise? 0 KorAa. HaKOHeLl. OHI1 noi:1.D.yr Ha 1C0MnpOMI1CC?
 move away
pull sth to
() 3alCpblBaTb I1JlI1 npl1KpblBaTb "TO-Jl. ., pulled
the door to and started listening in on her lelephone
talk 0 51 npl1KpblJl ABepb iii CTaJ1 nOJJ.Cl1YWIilBaTb ee
pa3rOBop-no Tel1e4>oHY.  push to
push sth to
(v n adv) 3aKj)blBaTb I1JlI1 npl1KpblBaTb "TO-II. . I pushed
the gate to and stood some time looking at the lake. 0 51
3akpblJl BopOTa 11 nocroSlJl HeKOTopoe BpeMSI, fJlSIJJ.SI Ha
oaepo. pull to
put sb I sth to sb I sth (V n pr)
1 npeAcTaBIiITb, nOCTaBIiITb "TO-Jl. nepeJJ. lCeM-Jl. (0
npo6neMe, npeA/lO}/(eHHH, H,Qee H T.n.) . This problem
we can put only to our chief expert. 0 S1)I npol5JleMY MbI
MO>KeM nocraBIiITb TOJlbKO nepeA HaWI1M fJlaBHblM 31CC-
nepToM.
2 nOBepraTb, BBepraTb KorO-I1. BO "TO-Jl. (8 6ecno-
KOCT80, 8 3arpaTbJ H T.n.) . She wasn't going to put _
him to these expenses, it was his own idea. 0 OHa He 
C0611paJ1aCb 3aCTaBI1S1Tb ero TalC TpaTI1TbCR, 3TO 6b111B _
ero co6cTBeHHaR I1AeR.  go to I -
· put an end I a stop to 8th
(v n pr) nOJlO>KIIITb KOHeLl..eMY-Jl. . It is necessary to put
an end to such an outrage. 0 He06xoAl'lMO nOJlO>Kl1Tb
KOHeLl TalCoMY 6e3015pa31i11O.

370
.
reduce 5th to 5th (v n pr)
1 BbiproKaTb 'ITO-II. (K8KYIO-n. cyMMY, HMeHOB8HHble
'1Hcn8 H T.n.), B 601166 MellKIo1X eAIo1Hllluax . If you want
to reduce dol/ars to cents you must multiply by 100.
o ECIIIII Tbi X0'I6Wb BblPa3Io1Tb AOllllapbl 'I6pe3 LleHTbI, TbI
AOIDKeH YMHOJKIIITb Ha 100.
2 CBOAIIITb 'ITO-II. K MeHee 3Ha'lIilTellbHOMY, MeHee BaJI(-
HOM)'; OCna6111'1Tb 'ITO-II. (.LlOBO.Qbl, npeTeH3HH H T.n.)
. He is so clever that he can reduce any our argument
10 nothing, 0 OH TalColii YMHbllii, 'ITO MOJKeT CBeCTIil Ha
HeT J1Io60i'i Haw lI,OBOll,.  come down 10
3 CBOll,lIITb, npell,CTaBIII'ITb 'ITO-II. B 60llee COKpa-
1116HHOM Blo1l1,e . Why not reduce this chapter 10 one
page? 0 nO"leMY 6b1 He COKpaTIo1Tb 3T)1 rnaBy lI,O oll,Holii
CTpaHIIILlbI?
run (sb) to sth
1 (v pro v n pr) esp BrE nOll,Be3TIII, nOA6pocIIITb (ICOro-II.)
Ha MawlIIHe; npOKaTIo1TbCS!, npoeXaTbCI'I Ha MaWIo1HB
. Could you possibly run my son 10 the metro station?
o Bbi MOrnl<l Obi nOll,Be3TIo1 Moero CblHa lI,O CTaHl..\JIt101
MeTpo? . What about running 10 the beach? 0 KaK
HaC"IeT TOro, 'IT06b1 npolCaTlllTbCl'lll,O nllI'lJKa?
2 (v pr) n03BOIIIIITb ceOe 'ITO-II. (nOl(}'TIKY, noey H
T.n.); Hai'iTIII, c06paTb lI,OCTaTO'lHO lI,eHer Ha'iTO-II. (H8
nOK}lnK}l, H8 omYCK H T.n.) . Are you really able to run
10 a new car after the fire last year? 0 HeyJKelll<l TbI cno-
co6eH nOTpaTIIITbCl'I Ha HOBYIO MaWIilHY noclle npowllo-
rOAHero nOJKapa?
3 (v pr) OblTb lI,OCTaTO'lHblM, XBaTaTb .A11S! 'Iero-lI. (AnI!
KaKHJ(n. 38TpaT) . My pocket money today won't run

:37f
even 10 cigarelles. () MOllix KapMaHHbIX AeHer ceroAHR
He XBaTIliT AIDke Ha CllirapeTbi.
4 (v pr) IJ,OCTlliraTb LJero-lI. (senH'IHHbI, CYl\fMbI), paB-
HRTbCR KaICOH-II. BeI1I11LJIIIHe; OC5XOAIHbCR, 060paLJIII-
BaTba:l B KaKYIO-II. cyMMY . Your irrepressible needs
will run to a pretty penny for you. () Bawill HeyeMHble
3anpocbI 060iitAyrCR BaM Aoporo.
see (sb) to sb/sth
1 (v n pr) npOBO)l(aTb 1C0rO-II. KYA3-I1., AO KaKorO-II.
MeCTa . He is very polite, he even saw me 10 myen-
trance. () OH OLJeHb Be)l(J1l11Bbliit, OH AIDke npoBoAIilII MeHR
IJ,O Moero nOAbe3lJ,a.
2 (v pr) nplllCMaTplllBaTb 3a KeM-II.jLJeM-II., 3a60TIIITbCSI
o KOM-II.jLJeM-II.; 6b1Tb BHIIIMaTellbHblM IC KOMY-II./
LJeMY-II.; 6paTb OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a Koro-II.jLJTO-II.
. Please. see 10 the guests while I am cooking. () no-
IK81IyiitcTa, 38iitMIIICb roCTRMlII, nolCCl R rOTOBlllO. .1 invit-
ed him to see to our new tape recorder. () s:I nplllmaCIllII
ero npOBepl'lTb Haw HOBbliit MarHIIITO<!>OH. => loolc after
· see to it (that)
Iv pr) n03a6oTlllTba:l HaBepHRKa 0 LJeM-I1.; YAOCTO-
BeplllTbCl'I B LJeM-II., 06eCneLJIHb LJTO-II. . Please, see to
it thaI our guests are having a nice time. () nO)l(81IyiitcTa, .....
n0386oTbCR, LJTo6b1 HaWIll rOCTIll npliistTHO npoB01J,l111111 
BpeMI'I.
I
set to (vadv) [HMeeTCR nJ
1 3HeprlllLJHO 6paTba:l 38 AeIlO; npllic-rynaTb (K '1eMy-n.)
....'IacTO c nocne.QYIOUII1M HHcpMHMTMBOM to do}> . At last.
after some break 1 could sel 10 to write letters 10 my

372
friends. 0 HaKOHe nOCJ1e HelCOTOpOrO nepepblBa SI
CMOr 3aCeCTb aa n\llCbMa CBO\llM APyabSlM.
2 BcrynaTb B cnop, B .o.paKY. B A\IICKYCC\IIIO . I was afraid
that they would set to, but thank goodness. they did with-
out fighting. 051 60s:lJ1cs:I. '4TO OH\II nOAepyrcs:I, HO, Cl1aBa
60ry, OH\II 060WJ1\11Cb OOa ApaK\II.
D set-to
en] paY. )l(apK\II" cnop. ccopa, .o.paKa . J was afraid that
they would have a set-to. 0 51 60s:lJ1cs:I, '4TO OH\II cTaHyr
.o.paTbCs:I.
speak to sb I sth (v pr)
1 paaroBap\llBaTb, 6eceAOBaTb. rOBOp\llTb C KeM-I1.
. Why does she speak to them? 0 nO'4eMY OHa C H\IIM\II
paarOBap\llBaeT'? => talk to
2 pa3r. oTpyraTb, OT'i\llTaTb KorO-I1.; noroBOp\llTb C
KeM-I1. cepbeaHo . You sholiid speak to your son seri-
ously. 0 Bbl AOIl)l(HbI cepbeaHO noroBOp\llTb co CBOIilM
CblHOM.  talk to
3 rOBOp\llTb B nOIlb3Y '4erO-I1.. nOAQep)l(aTb %10-11.
\IIAelO, npeATIO)l(eH\IIe \II T.n. . I hope they will speak to
my reqllest. 0 H3AelOcb, OH\II nOAQep)l(aT MOIO npocb6y.
stand (sb/sth) to

(v adv. v n adv) SDeH. 6b1Tb B 60eBO" roTOBHOCT\II;
np\llBeCT\II KorO-I1'/'4TO-Il. B 6oesylO rOTOBHOCTb, CKO-
MaHAOBaTb KOMY-J1. 6oeBYlO rOTOBHOCTb . Our //1/;/
shou/cl be stood to ill an hour. 0 Hawa '4aCTb AOIl)l(Ha
6b1Tb np\llBeAeHa B 6oeBYlO roTOBHOCTb '4epea '4ac.
=> stand down .

373
D stand-to
[0] 60eBaSi roTOBHOCTb . They had to be on 'itand-to all
the night. <> BclO HO'Ib "1M npL1WnOCb CTOs:rrb B 60eBO
roTOBHOCTL1.
· it stands to reason
(v pr) pa3YMeeTCSI, nOHSITHO, SlCHO, O'leBL1AHO; 3.o,paBbI
CMblCll no,nClCa3b1BaeT, OTClO.o,a SlBHO clleAyeT . It
stands to rea.'ion that he will miss this meeting. <> 5ICHO,
'ITO OH nponYCTL1T 3Ty BCTpe'lY.
stay to sth
(v pr) = stay for/to
stop to sth
(v pr) = stop for/to
take (sth) from sb/sth
1 (v 0 pr) 386L1paTb 'ITO-n. y Koro-n. . Never take my pen
from the table. <> HL1KOrA8 He 6epL1 MOIO PY'iKY co CTOlla.
2 (v ri pr) Bbl6paTb 'ITO-n. "13 'Iero-Il. (8 OCHOBHOM 0
'1aCTH TeKCTa 11,11J1 '1TeHHJI, nepeBO.Qa H T.n.) . Please,
take the text from unit 2 and read it out. <> nO)l(811YCTa,
B03bML1Te TelCCT "13 pa3Aella 2 "1 npO'lTL1Te ero BCIlYX.
3 (v pr) CX/>HLl. YManSlTb CL1IlY, 3Ha'leHL1e 'Iero-Il.. I am
afraid such a result takes from the significance of what m
you've done. <> 60lOCb, 'ITO TaKO pe3Yl1bTaT YManSieT
3Ha'leHL1e TOro, 'ITO BbI c,nel1B11L1.
take (sb/sth) to sth
1 (v 0 pr) B3S1Tb, Be3TL1, HecTL1 KorO-Il./'ITO-n. KYA8-Il., K
KOMy-n. . Take this old woman to the opposite side,
please. <> nO)l(811ycTa. OTBe,nL1Te 3Ty cTapywKY Ha npo-

374
TI1BOnOnO>KHYtO CTOpoHY.  get to
2 (v pr) npCTpaCntTbCSlIC 'ieMy-n., B3S1Tb B npBbI'iKY
Ael1aTb'iTo-n. . Make sure he hasn't taken to drinking.
o Y6eATecb, 'iTO OH He npCTPaCTnCSI K aJ1lCorontO.
3 (v pr) nOTSlHYTbCSI K KOMy-n., 3aHTepeCOBaTbCSl
KeM-n., npOSlBTb CMnaTtO K KOMy-n. . It was enough
one time to see her to take to her. 0 6b1110 AOCTaTO'iHO
OAHOro pa3a YBAeTb ee, 'iTO YBne'lbCSI etO.
· take a great fancy I liking to sb I sth
(v n pr) P83r. nO'iYBCTBOBaTb CMnaTtO, npBSl3aTbCSI,
npCTpaCTTbCSI K KOMy-n.j'ieMY-I1.; YBne'ibCSI KeM-n./
'ieM-n. . She was playing a Beethoven s sonata and I
took a great fancy to that music. 0 OHa rpana cOHary
6eTXOBeHa,  3Ta MY3b1Ka MeHSI cnbHO 3axBaTna.
talk to sb (v pr)
1 pa3roBapBaTb, 6eceAoBaTb, 6011TaTbc KeM-I1. . Who
dill you find to talk to? 0 Hawna C KeM pa3roBapBaTb!
 speak to
2 p83r. norOBopTb C KeM-n. Cepbe3Ho. oTpyraTb KO-
ro-n. . Talk to your son when he comes back. 0 no-
rOBOp Cepbe3HO co CBOM CblHOM, KorAa OH BepHeT-
CSI.  spealc to
 tell sb I sth from sb I sth
.... (v n pr) 6Wb B COCTOSlH pa3n'IaTb, OT11'iaTb Koro-n./
'ITO-I1. OT Koro-n.j'iero-n. . Try to tell this textfrom that
one. 0 nonp06yi1 OT11'Imb 3TOT TelCCT OT TOro.
turn from sb I sth
(v pr) OTBopa'lBaTbCSI OT Koro-n.j'iero-n.; OCTaBI1S1Tb,
6pocaTb 'iTO-n.; OTKa3b1BaTbCSI OT Koro-n./'Iero-n.

375
. Let:f turn from this work and get down to dinner.
o .QaBa£he OCTaBMM 31)' pa(01)' 101 npMC1)'nMM IC 06eAY.
turn (sth) to (sb/sth)
1 (v pr) nOBOpa'lMBaTbCA IC KOMy-n./'1eMy-n. . If you
turn to this tree, the treasllre will be in three steps on the
right. 0 EcnM BbI nOBepHeTeCb nMUOM IC 3TOMY Aepeey,
TO B Tpex warax BnpaBO BbI HaHAeTe colCpOBMute.
2 (v pr) nocMoTpeTb Ha '1TO-n., 3arnAHyrb KYp,a-n. (s
KHI-fry. Ha KaK}'lO-n. CTpaHl-fUy. S 3antICI-f, B .QHeSHl-fK I-f
r.n.) . Turn to Monday s page oj my diary and tell me
that is written there. 0 3arnAHM B MOH AHeBHMIC H8 no-
HeAenbHMK, 101 CKIDKM MHe, '1TO TaM HanMcaHO.
3 (v pr) 06pautaTbCA K lCoMy-n./'1eMy-n. (38 nOMObIO,
coeeTOM I-f r.n.) . Even in such a difficult situation he
doesn't want to turn to anybody for help. 0 Aa;N.e B
T8KOM TPYAHOM nonO>KeHMM OH He XO'leT HM K KOMY
o6pautaTbCA 38 nOMOutblO. . When [ am tired [turn to
the poetry. 0 Korp,a A YCTalO, A 06pautalOCb K n033MM..
4 (v pr) nepeXOAl1Tb IC '1eMY-n. (ApyrOH TaMe, lWyroill
pa60Te); 38HATbCA '1eM-n. ApyrMM. One of the methods
to have a rest is to turn to another activity. OOAMH 1013
cnoco60B OTAOXHyTb - 3aHATbCA APyrMM AenOM.
 come on to
5 (v n pr) HanpaBl1Tb'lTO-n. (Cl-fnbl, cnoco6HOCTH H T.n.)
Ha Koro-n./'1TO-n. . You'd better turn your abilities to ID
good things..O TbI 6b1 nY'lwe HanpaBW1 CeoM cnoco6-
Hocm H8 xopoWMe Aena. W
work to sth ,
(v pr) pa60TaTb nOA '1TO-n. (MY3b1Ky. WYM H r.n.) . How
can you worA: to such a noise? 0 KalC BbI MO>KeTe pa6o-
TaTb nOA TaICoH WYM?

12
in into
out out of
PA3.nEJI
TEMATMKA cS»PA30BblX rnArOnOB:
ABIOI<eHlole BHYTpb - Hapy>K)l; npH6b1TMe - OTnpaBAeHMe; CMeWeHMe
H BOBI\e'leHHe - M3bllTHe, HCIl/lIO'IeHHe M npeAOTBpaWeHMe;
C06MpaHHe, 3SnOllHeHMe, KOHueHTpHpoB8HMe - p33AelleHMe.
pacnpeAelleHHe; OrpaHM"8HHe H npeAOTBpSUleHHB - nOllHOT3 II
3aeepWBHHOCTb; H3naAeHHe M npoTeeT - )IC1Yf1Ka H npeKpaUIBHMe;
y6eIt<ABHHe, nJ)MH)?KAeHMe - nOAAepH<Ka H nOMOUlb; nOHCK,
06Hspy>KeHHB, npM06peTeHMB - H8'1HH8HHe, H3MBHBHMe; no-
yPB6I1eHMe - CAep)I(MBaHMe; nOllBl\BHMe. C03A8HHe, )'BBIIM'IeHHe -
HC"83HOBeHHe
.
act sb I sth out (v n adv)
1 pa3b1rpblBaTb &jTO-I1. B I1\o1U8X (ponH, nbBcy, I1.HBnOr M
T.n.) . We were asked to act out the dialogue. 0 Hac
nonpOCHn\o1 pa3b1rpaTb A\o1aflOr. => play out
2 pa3b1rpblBaTb \013 ce6 1C0rO-I1./&jTO-I1.; npHTBOpTb'
CR, npHIC\o1AblBaTbC lCeM-I1.; H306paJKaTb 1C0ro-n.1
&jTO-I1. . We were asked to act oul the dialogue. 0 Hac
npOC\o111\o1 pa3b1rpaTb AloIaflOr. . When we quarrel she al-
ways lids the injured innocence out. 0 KorA8 Mbi cco-
pHMC, OHa BcerA8 pa3b1rpblBaeT oCKop611eHHYIO He-
BHHHOCTb.

377
ask (8b) out
(Jl....Il...a!:h, v adv) nplllrnaWaTb 1C0ro-l1. (<<)'t{8-11.); npo-
ClIITbCSI Bbli'lnl . We were aslced out to dinner with a VIP.
o Hac nplllrnaClllnlll Ha 06e,o, C O'IeHb B8)1(HOi'\ nepcoHoi'l,
. It s a clever dog, it as/cs out at the same time every
day. 0 3TO YMHaR coOaKa, OHa npoclIITcSI, 'I1"06b1 ee
BbinyCTi'I11I11, B O,o,HO III TO)l(e BpeMR KaJK,lJ,bli'I ,o,eHb.
back (8th) Into 8th (v pr, v n pr)
1 Bbe3>KaTb KY.o.a-I1. 38,1J,HIIIM XO,o,OM; 38B03111Tb, BBO,o,lIITb
'lTo-n. (M8WHHY H T.t{.) 38,D,HIIIM XO,o,OM KY.o.a-n. (8 ra-
pax, H8 CTORH«)' H T.t{. ) . Come on, back (your car) into
the garage quickly and let me pass by. 0 ,lJ,aaai'l 6b1CTpO
38B03111 CBOIO MaWIilHY B rapaJK 38,1J,OM lot .o.a MHe
npoexaTb.
2 HaexaTb Ha '1TO-n. Ha MaWIIIHe nplll ee 38,D,HeM xo,o,e
(no HeocMoTpHTel1bHOCT/il HI1H no HeonbiTHocTH);
«Bpe3aTl,CSI" 38,1J,OM MaWIIIHbI BO '1TO-n. . He bacUd
(his .. Volga ") into some car when coming out the car
park. 0 OH Bpe3a11CR (cBoeA «Sonroi'l..) B ,o,PyrylO
MawlIIHY, 1C0r.o.a 8b1e3>K8J1 co CTORHICH 38,D,HIIIM XO,o,OM.
back (8th) out I out of 8th [/IIMe6TCR n)
1 (v adv, v pr, v n adv, v n pr) 8b1e3>KaTb (1113 KaKOro-n.
MeCTa) 38AHIIIM XO,o,OM; BblB03111Tb, ,o,BlllraTb '1TO-n.
oOpaTHbiM XO,o,OM (OTKY.o.a-n.) . He slowly btU:lced (his
car) out (of tile parking lot). 0 OH Me.A1leHHO Bble3JKa11 
(/III1H: ... BblB0311111 C8010 MaWIIIHY) 38,1J,HIIIM XO,o,OM (1113 
aBTOM0611111bHOj;\ CTORHKIII).
2 (v adv, v pr) pe-rnpoBaTbCR, OTXO,o,IIITb, y,o,anRTbCSI (1113
I(8I(0ro-n. MeCTa) . He quickly baclced out (of the room)

I
1m
378
and closed the door. 0 OH 6b1cTPo yp,an....nCA (unu: on
Bblwen ....3 KOMHaTbI) .... 3aKpbIJI ABepb.
3 (v adv, v pr) nOHT.... Ha nonATHYlO, OTKa3aTbCSI,
oTC;ryn....TbCA (OT tjero-n.), He CAepJK8Tb 06elU8HHSI,
yIC110H....TbCA (OT tjero-n.) . Remember, it's late to bad
Ollt (of our deal). 0 3anOMH...., Y'Ke n03AHO OTKa3b1-
BaTbCA (OT Hawero Aena).
D back-out
[n] ArnE 0TK83 OT o6elU8H....A, OT CBoeH n03........ .... T.n.
. Is it a back-ollt or some joke? 0 310 tjTO, wyTKa HIlH
BbI OTKa3b1BaeTeCb OT 06eU¥iH....A?
be In (v adv)
1 6b1Tb MOAHblM . Your views were in the last century.
o TBo.... B3r1lAAbI 6b1J1.... MOAHblM.... B npownoM CToneTHH.
=- be Ollt; come in
2 C5b1Tb Bbl6paHHblM: CTOATb, HaxOAJl(TbCA Y BnaCTM
. How soon will this party be in? 0 CKOPO n.... 318 nap-
T....A 6YAeT y enacT....?  come in, get in/into
3 OCTaBaTbCA 3aJIOKeHHblM, npOAOn)l(3Tb ropeTb (0
nnHTe, naMne, orHe U T.n.). Why is this lamp still in?
o nO'IeMY 3Ta naMna eute rop....T? =:> be Ollt
4 HaxoAHTbCA BHyrp.... nOMeuteH....A t.QOMa, H8 pa60Te H
T. n. ) . I hope my boss is in now: 0 H8AelOcb, Ha'laJ1bHHK
Y ce6A ceHtjac. =:> be Ollt
· be all In
(v adv) pa3r. 6b1Tb nonHOCTbIO ....CTOutBHHblM, ....3HypeH.
HblM, BblMOTaHHblM . We were all in after such a tense
period of examinations. 0 Mbl 6b1n.... c....nbHO ....CTOl!.\eHbI
nocne 18Koro HanpA)I(eHHOrO nep....oA8 31C3aMeHOB.

379
· be In action
(v pr) S06H. 6b1Tb 60ecnoc06HblM, 8KTI-18HblM, 8
AeiilcT81-11-1; 6b1Tb 8 60e80iil rOT08HOCTI1 . Now only two
guns are in action. 0 8 H8CTORlI..Iee 8peMR TonbKO ABa
pe80nb8epa 8 60e80M COCTORHI-1.... :::) be out of oction
· be in advance of sb / sth
(v pr) 6b1Tb 8nepeA'" 1C0ro-n./"Iero-n.; onepHAI-1Tb, 060-
rH8Tb Koro-n./"ITO-n. . He wants to be in advance of
the time. 0 OH XO'ieT 060rH8Tb 8peMA. . This diligent
pupil is well in advance of the rest of our class. 0 3TOT
npW1eJKHbliiI Y'!eH...K Aa/1eICO 060rHM 8cex OCT8J1bHblX
...3 H8wero 1Ul8cca.
· be In charge (of sb/sth)
Iv pr) 388eA0B8Tb, 8eA8Tb, PYIC080AmD ("IeM-n.); OT-
Be'iaTb (3a Koro-n./"ITO-n.); I-1MeTb (lCoro-n./"ITO-n.) Ha
none"leH"'I-1, H8 xp8HeH......; 6b1Tb 8 OTHeTe (33 lCoro-n.1
'iTO-n.) . My mother is now in charge of the neigh-
bours children. 0 MOA MaM8 OneKaeT ceiil"l8C COCHA-
CK1-1X .o,eTI-1WeK. . Who'll be in charge (of our plant)?
o KTO CTaHeT BO ma8e (H8wero npe.o.np"'AT"'R)?
· be In fashion
(v pr) 6bITb 8 MOAe . Seize an opportunity. dear, this
dress is now in fashion. 0 11081-1 MOMeHT, AoporaA, 3TO
nJ1aTbe 8 MOAe ceiil'lac. :::) be out of fashion
· be In a fix/lam/spot
(v pr) nonaCTb 8 nepeAenlC}', 8 (SeAY; H8XOAI-1TbCA 8 33- .-
TPYAHI-1TenbHOM I-1n... Hen08KOM nOnOJKeHl-11-1 . He is re-
ally in a fIX - he has nowhere to live. 0 EMY ceiil'iac
Aei1cTBloITenbHO TPYAHO - HerAe JKI-1Tb.

380
· be In force
(v pr) AeCTBOBaTb; 6b1Tb B clllne; BcrynaTb B CloIny ( 0
38KOHe. np8BHne H T.n.); 6b1Tb 063b1BalOlWo1M, 0638-
Te11bHblM, OCYllleCTBIIIMbiM . Thi.f old rule is ftill in
force. 0 STO CTapoe npaBlIIl10 Bce ellle AeiilcTByeT.
=> bring into force. put into force
· be in progress
(v pr) npOIolCXOAIIITb, IIIMeTb MeCTO, BblnOI1HTbCA;
ABlolraTbC, pa3BlllBaTbC1'I (0 Denax, C06b1JHRX H T.n.)
. Preparations for guests are now in progress. 0 CeR-
'lac i-\AYT nplolrOTOBneHIoI K npllleM'j mCTeiil.
· be In season (v pr)
1 6b1Tb CBe>KIIIM, AocrynHblM (B JJ.8HHblH nepHoh
BpeMeHH); 6b1Tb B npoAa>Ke (B 3TH JJ.HH) . Don't buy im-
ported fi'uits now, wait till ours are in sea.fon and
cheaper. 0 He nOKYnaiil nOKa IIIMnopTHble (j)PYKTbI, no-
AO)l(,/J,H, nOKa He nOBRTCR HaWIII- CBe>KloIe " AeweBbie.
=> be out of season, come into season
2 ArnE 6b1Tb (no 38KOHY) AocrynHblM AfIR OXOTbI, BbI-
l1aBnlllBaHIII (OJKHBOTHbiX. Pbl6e). Deerwi/l be in sea-
. son next week. 0 Ha cneAYlOllIeiil HeAel1e MO>KHO 6YAeT
" 1 OXOTIIITbCR Ha Ol1eHR (no 3aKoHY). => be out of season
· be in sight! view
(v pr) 6b1Tb BIoIAIIIMblM, HaxOAIIITbC B npeAel1ax BH-
AIoIMOCTIoI; nOABIoITbC (&LIaneKe) . Hurrah! A coast is in
_ view! 0 Ypa!  BIoI>KY (KalCoiil-TO) 6eper! => be oUlof
be in for 5th (v adv pr)
1 6b1Tb B '1Io1CJ1e Y'lacTHIolKoB copeBHoBaHIII, 1C0HKYPca &I
T.n. . We both are in for fencing on this occasion. 0 Ha

381
3TOT pa3 Mbi 06a BKl1IOeHbI B- copeBHOBaHIotR no cPex-
TOBaHIotIO. => enter for, go in for
2 6b1Tb KaH,D.lilAaTOM, npeTeH,D.eHTOM (H8 ,D.OIT>KHOCTb, Ha
BaKaHTHoe MecTO H T.n.). What position is she in for?
o Ha KaKYIO ,D.OIDKHOCTb OHa npeTeH,D.yeT'? => put in
3 pa3r. 6b1Tb B COCTORHHH O>KH.naHIo\SI ero-IT., KaKOrO-IT.
npe,D.CTORllterO C06b1TIotSI .1 think you are in for a good
dressing-down. 0 .o.YMalO, Te6R>K,II,eTxopoWlotM HaroHSIM.
. necHJ/ Maybe I'm in for crying the blues. 0 MO>KeT
6b1Tb, MHe npe,D.CTOHT my60KaSl neanb.
be in on 8th
Ivadv pr) Y"aCTBOBaTb, 6b1Tb B ,D.OITe B eM-IT.; 6b1Tb B
I<Ypce ,D.eITa, Io\HcPOpMlo\pOBaHHblM 0 eM-IT. . I am not
always in on my parents' plans. 0 PO,D.I1TeITH HIo\Kor.na He
nOCBSlU\8IOT MeHSI B CBOIII nITaHbI. => bring in on, come
mon
· be In on the ground floor
Iv adv pr) pa3r_ HaIo\H8Tb KaKYIO-IT. ,D.eSlTeITbHOCTb,
K8pbePy C caMbiX ee IIICTOICOB . It s better for you to
make sure you are in on the ground floor. 0 J],ITSI Te6S1
ITy'Iwe Bcero y6e,D.lIITbCSI. TO Tbi HaxOIJ.lo\WbCSI y IIICTOKOB
3TOM ,D.eSlTeITbHOCTI1. => come in on the ground floor
be into 8th
Iv pr) 6b1Tb nOITHOCTblO nOmOllteHHblM eM-IT. Il-f,lIeelf,
npocpeccHeu, ,QeflTenbHOCTblO H T.n.); my60Ko 38Io\HTe- I'F.IIIi
peCOB8TbCSI eM-IT. . Unfortunately, he is not much into ---,
his father s profession. 0 K CO>KaneHI1IO, OH He oeHb
3aIotHTepeCoaaH npocPeCCl1eM cBoero 0TU8.



382
be out (v adv)
1 oCB060AI1TbCS'I, tSblTb BblnYlUeHHblM, Bbli.1TI1 (.,3
TlOpbMbI) . He is not out so far. 0 OH elUe He OCBO-
tSO>K,AeH ("'3 3aKl1IO<jeH"'S'I).  come out, let out/out of
2 OTCyTcTBOBaTb; He 6b1Tb AOMa, 8 o<lmce 11 T.n.
«i'lHor,Qa C npeA/10rOM at');> . I am sorry, bllt she's out now.
o CmKanelO, HO ee ceiit<jac HeT Ha MeCTe (/iln/ll: '" HaT
AOMa). . When they came he was out at school. 0 Kor,o,a
OH\II np"'WJ1i'1, OH HaxoAI1J1CS'I B WKOJ1e.  come out, go
out
3 paCLUleTaTb, pacnyclCaTbcR (0 BeTax) . The flowers
need watering and soon they '/I be out. <> UBeTbI HMO
nOJ1"'BaTb, '" OH'" CICOpO 3aLIBeTYT.  bring out, come out
4 CTaTb B"'A"'MblM, nOS'lB"'TbCS'I, BblXOA"'Tb (/113 06nSKOB-
o conHe, nYHe, 3Be3,Ljax) . Look, at last the sun is out.
<> CMOTP"', COnHlte nOS'lBI1J10Cb HaICOHelt.  come out
5 BblXOJ1"'Tb B CBeT; 6b1Tb B npOA8Jl(e; tSblTb ony6-
nl1lCOBaHHblM, otSHapoAOBaHHb1M . A new dictionary of
phrasal verbs for learners is out now. 0 HOBbli.1 cnoBapb
<!>pa30Bblx rnaronOB ATlR Y<jaIUI1XCSI y)Ke B npOAaJKe.
=:> bring out, come out
6 CTaTb "'38eCTHblM, tSb1Tb paCKpbITb1M (0 ceKpeTe, HO-
Boer., /II T.n.) . Unfortunately our secret is out now. 0 K
CO)l(aneH\IIlO, Hawa TaiitHa Tenepb CTana "'3BeCTHoit
 come out, get out, let out
7 3aKaH"II1BaTbCSl, "'AT'" IC 1C0HltY <iC'4aCTO B npl1.llaToHOM
npe.anOJKeHi'Ii'I BpeMeHi'I C C0lO30M before');> . Before the
month is out we '/I have to pay rent. <> HaM np",.o,eTC!I
3annaT"'Tb 3a apeHAY npe>K,Ae, <jeM 3aICOH"I"'TCS'I Meu
8 p83r. Bbli.1T'" "'3 MOAb!, YCTapeTb . The.ve views were
already out last century. 0 3TI1 83rnRJ1b1 YJKe B np0WJ10M

383
CT0I1eTI111 BblWI1I1 113 M(),D,bI. . Long skirts are out.
o AnI1HHble 1061<11 Tenepb He B MOAe.  be in, go out
9 6b1Tb 06bRBJ1eHHblM. npoB03rnaw8HHblM (0 pe3ynb-
T8Tax KOHKYPca, 3K3aMeHOB H T.n. ) . Are the results out
on the score-board? 0 Pe3YI1bTaTbi nORBI1J1I1Cb Ha Ta6-
110? => come out
· be out to do 5th
(v adv) pa3r. IoIMeTb HaMepeHl1e, C0611paTbCR CAeI1aTb
'fT0-J1. . I was not out to offend him. 0 51 He XOTeJ1
ofil1AeTb ero. . I am out to break into their conversa-
tion to prevent a quarrel. 051 HaMepeH BMewaTbCR B IoIX
6eceAY, '1T06b1 npeAOTBpaTKTb ccopy.
be out for 5th
Iv adv pr) pa3r. IoIMeTb H8Mep8HIoIe COAeAcTBOB8Tb
KOMY-I1.; 6b1Tb 38I1HTep8COBaHHblM B 3autl1Te '1bI1X-I1.
IIIHTepeCOB . No, no, J am not interested in sharing the
benefits with my friends - I am out for myself. 0 HeT,
HeT, R COBceM He 38I1HTepeCOBaH Ael1l1TbCR CBOIolMIol
fiJ1araMIol C APY3bRMI1 - R caM no ce6e.
be out in 5th
(vadv pr) OWI168TbCR B'I8M-I1. . I think, you are out, my
dear. in what you are saying now. O.v.YM81O. '1TO TbI
oWI16aewbCR B TOM, '1TO ceA'I8c rOBoplolwb,
be out of 5th (V pr)
1 HaxOAI1TbCR AOCT8TO'lHO A811eKO, 38 npeAel1aMIol 
('1bI1X-I1.) B03MO)KHOCTeA, CI1b1WIoIMOCTI1, BIoIAIo\MOCTI1I1 .......
T.n. . Latin is out of my range. 0 J1aTblHb - 3TO He no
MooA 'IaCTIol. . The coast is still out of sight. 0 6eper
noKS ee BHe npeAeI10B BI1,AI1MOCTI1. . prov Don't shout

384 -
I
J
,.
until you are out of the wood. 0 nocno He rOBop'" ron,
nOKa He nepenpblrHeWb.  be in sight/view, come into
sight/view
2 He MMeTb 'ITO-n.; paCTPaTmb 'ITO-n.; MC'IepnaTbCR B
'IeM-n. . Could you help me, please, 1 am out of money
(at all). 0 6YAb A06p, nOMor", MHe - Y MeHSI (COBCeM)
HeT AeHer.  run out/out of
· be out of action
(v pr) SoeH. 6b1Tb He cnoc06HblM ABHCTBOBaTb. 6e3-
AeCTBOBaTb; npelCpaT\llTb AeTBMe; BblKrM "'3 CTpOSi
(0 MeX8H"'3Me) . My gun is out of action. 0 MOM pe-
BOl1bBep He AeHcTByeT.  be down, be in action
· be out of fashion
(v pr) 6b1Tb He B MOAe, BblKr\.1 1.13 MOAb! . Why are you
wearing this kind of dresses, they are out of fashioll
now? 0 3a'lBM TbI HOC"'Wb TalC",e nnaTbSl, OH'" )l(e He B
MOAB ceJii'lac?  be in fashion
· be out of hand
(v pr) He nOA'I"'HSlTbCSI; OT6"'TbCSI OT PYK; BblJiiTM "'3-00.0.
KOHTpoJ1S1 . His son is completely out of hand. 0 Era
CblH COBCBM Oro"'l1CJ1 OT PYIC.  get out of hand
. be out of order (v pr)
1 6b1Tb B 6ecnopSlAKe . As usual. his toys are oul of
order. 0 KaIC 06b1'1HO, ero ",rPYWK'" BanSlIOTCJI B 6ec-
nopSlAKB.
2 nJ10XO, HenpaB"'l1bHO <j)YHIC!.U10H"'pOBaTb (0 CKcreMe.
cxeMe; 06 opraHax '1enOSeKa; 06LUeCTse '" T.n.) . Mv
stomach is out of order. 0 Y MeHR paCCTpoJiiCTBO >Ke-
IIYAKa. . J can't tell you the time - my watch is out of
order. 0 SI He MOry Te6e CK83aTb BpeMSI - '1aCbI
CJ10M811"'Cb.

385
· be out of season (v pr)
1 He ObITb AOC'TynHblMM (8 Jl.8HHblR nePHOIJ. speMeHH) B
cee*eM SMAe; OTCyTCT80BaTb B npo.a.a:«e (8 3TM Jl.HM no
nplWHHB He3PfJJIOCTH H T.n.) . There aren 'I any fruits
now in Ihe shop, Ihey are out of seilSOn. 0 B Mara3111He
ceM'I8C HeT HMKaKMX 4!PYICTOB, eU&B He ce30H.  be in
season
2 ArnE ObITb He.aocTyllHblMlil .anR O)(OTbl, /10BI1111 (no
38KOHy) . Fuhing is Ollt of season nowadays. 0 HbitNe
pbl6HaR /1OB/1R 38npeU&BHa.
out I out of 8th (V adv, V pr)
1 8b1MTM, yATM (M3 KaKoro-n. nOMell48HHR); nOKMH}'Tb
(ynereTb, OTnnblrb M T.n.) KaKoe-/1. MecTO; OTCyTC11IO-
IliUb 8 Ha.D,1IeJK8U&BM MeCTe . Mummy, our parrol is 0111
of his cage again. 0 MaMO'lKa, Haw nonyraA omm. BbI-
neTe/1 1113 cBoeA lC11eTKM. . Why are my copybooks 0111
(ol'he drawer)? 0 nO'feMY MC'fe3/1M MOM TeTpa,QICM (M3
MOero CTona)? = get old/Dill of
2 MC'Ie3Hyrb. OblTb y.aaneHHblM, y6paHHblM 80 BpeMR
'IMCTKM, y60PKM . Is lhal ink slain 0111 (of my shirt) yel?
o A TO 'IepHWlbHoe nRTHO (Ha MoeM py6awKe) yJlCe OT-
CTMpaHO?  cOllie Dill. get Ollt/out of
sb I sth out (V n adv)
1 04>Hu. BblHOCMTb lCoro-I1./'fTO-I1. Hapy*y (H3 K8Koro-n.
1MJCT8, noMell46HHR H T.n.) . Did you see anybody bear- 
iltg a red box 0111 o/Ihis room? 0 Bbi BMAellM KorO-HM- __
DyAb BblHOCSIILI,MM KpaCHYJO Kopo6KY M3 3TOA KOMHaTbl?
2 nOAT8epJK.Q8Tb. nowcpennSlTb 'fTO-/1.; nOA.Qep*MBaTb
tCDrO-/1./'iTO-I1. . Thank you for bearing Ollt whal I said
B. r. CTOJUIP

386
'0 him. 0 CnacM60 Tetie 3a TO, "TO nOD,Teep.lU1n MOM
cnoB3 . His ,heory was borne olll by prac'ice. 0 Ero
TeopMA 6b1na nOD,KpenneHa npalffilllCoM. '
beat 8th out (v n adv)
1 Bbl6MBaTb "To-n. YAapoM MOnOTKa M T.n. . Try 10 /Hili
,his bar Oili. 0 nOCTapaMcA Bbl6MTb 3TOT 3aCOB.
2 BblOMB3Tb, OT6MBaTb TaKT (p}'k"aMH Ha 6apa6aHB H
T.n.) """3cTOCnpeA/lorOMOn, . I ,,"ill be singingondyou,
please, beal olll,he lune (on ,he 'able). 0 Sl6Y11:I neTb,a
TbI, nO)l(3J1YMcTa. BblcryKIIIBa£l nanbuaMM MOTMB (no
crony).
3 C6MB3Tb (orOHb, MaMA) . Halling seen fire we rushed
10 belli i'OIlI. 0 3aBMD,eB OrOHb, Mbi tiPOClolnMCb C6MBaTb
ero.
black 8th out
(v n adv) [HMeeTCjl n] 3aTeMHATb "TO-I1. (OKHa, naMn6l;
KaKoe-n. MeCTO. BblKllIO'IaA cser, 3aKPblBaR ero 'IeM-n.);
MaCICMpoB3Tb 'fT0-11. . A.f a .fhopkeeper vau mu.fl bid
Ihe windows Ollt be/ore going oul. 0 KaK XO:MIMH
Mara3MHa Tbi D,Of1)KeH nepeD, YXOD,OM 3aTeMHATb OKHa.
D blaclcout
[n] 3aTeMHeHllle,CBeTOMaCKMpOBKa: BpeMeHHoeoTcyT-
CTBMe 3neKTpM"ecKoro OCBelJ!eHMA (H3-3a asapHH If
r.n.). Elle1")'da)'olleasllWo IlOur.s weare suffering/rom-
a biackoul. 0 K3)I(,O,blM D,eHb no MeHbweM Mepe 2 ..aca
Mbi CTpa.o,aeM OT OTcyTCTBMA CBeTa.
lEI
block sth In I out
(v n adv) D,enaTb "epHOBOM HaOpocOK 'jero-n. (nnaHB.

387
CKeAltJ M T.n.) . He blocked in the layout of the park.
o OH Ha()pocan exeM)' napKa.
blow In 1 Into 5th
(vadv, v pr) P83r. HeO)l(HAaHHO npHIiiTH, npH()blTb (ley-
fJIi-II.. B KalCoe-n. MecTO); nOs:!BHTbCR (rAe-n.) c nOMnolii
(c H3IIMWHMM WYMOM, POCKOWbIO H T.n.) . Why do you
WIlally blow in (or: _n blow into the office) and make so
much noise? 0 nO'leM)' TbI BcerAa HeO)l(HAaHHO epblBa-
ewbCs:! (B 04>HC) H C03AaeWb CTonbKO WYMa?
blow (sth) out (V adv. V n .adv) (MMee n)
1 noracHyrb (OT .Q}'HOSeHMR serpa, crp}'M 80aayxa H
T.n.); 3aAYBaTb, noraCMTb, aaraCHTb '1TO-n. (KOCT8p,
IIDfny, cseLlY H T. n.) . Before going to bed she blew oul
Ihe candles. 0 nepeA TeM, KaK ne'lb cnaTb, OHa 3aAyna
C88"1H. . /t was windy and the bonfire blew oul. 0 6b1J1o
B81J)eHO, 14 ICOCTep 3arac.  turn out
2 nonHyrb, cnycrnTb (0 WHHe); Bbl3Barb Pa3pblB WHHbI
. On the way home the tyre of the front wheel blew OUI.
o no Aopore AOMOIii WMHa nepe,QHero Koneca nonHyna.
- . This small nail blew oul the (vre. 0 3TOT Ma11eHbKMIii
I1I03Ab npoKonon WMHY 1M OHa cnyCTl4na).
II blowout
(n] npolCon WMHbI; npOKonOTas:! WHHa . My car had a
6knttolll. 0 B MoeH MaWHHe CSbll1a npoKonOT8 WMHa.
· blow "self out ....
tx.n..aml) CTMX8Tb; exOAKTb Ha HeT (0 serpe, WTopMe, __
)t)8rBH8 H T.n.) . The storm blew itself oul in three days.
.0 WrOPU CTMX 'iepea TpH ,ntis:!.

388
D
brave sth out
(v n adv) [_mr inv] He MCnyraTbCfl, He noOosrn.c:s.
'Iero-I1.; OpocaTb 8b1308 'IeMY-n.; xpaOpo BCrpEI'IaTb
'ITO-I1. . We had to brtltJr the evil forces 0111. 0 HaM npM-
W1IOCb OpocKTb 8b1308 3I1b1M CWiaM.
- oufbrave
[vJ He no6oRTbCSI; nposl8MTb r.ty)KE!CT80; npeBOCXOAmb
xpaOpocTblO
· brave it out
() 8b1TepneTb, 8b1HecTM 'lTO-I1. (yrpoSbI, HenpH-
JlTHOCrH, 6et1b/): My*ecTBeHHo 8Clpe'laTb KaKYIO-n.
OnaCHOCTb . Now he'll give you a dre.f.fing-down: but
you should brave iI Ollt. 0 CeM'IaC OH 3a,Q,8CT TeOa; HO
Tbi AOI1JKeH CTOMICO n,ep>KaTbCR.
break (sb/sth) in
1 (v n adv) nPWi'laTb, np..06w.aTb 1C0rO-I1. (K HOSOAfy
.aeny. K pat50Te., T.n.); 880AKTb 1C0rO-I1. 8 KYPC Aena;
3aCTae..Tb Koro-n. CTaTb ..cnOI1HMTel1bt1b1M, nocnyw-
. HbiM . Our boss likes 10 break novice.f in gradually.
o Haw Ha'lanbtl..1C 11100..T 880A..Tb Hoe"'IICOe e KYPC Ae-
l1a nOCTeneHHO.
2 (v n adv) pa3HaWMBaTb KaKYIO-I1. OOyBb, on,e*JJ,Y;
OCBa..BaTb 'ITO-I1. (ann8parypy, CT8HOK., 1:n.); ofil(a-
TblBaTb MawMHY.I am still breaking my car ;11. 0  no-
Ka eW.e OCBa..BaIO 8O)l(,AeH.,e CBoeM MaW.,HbI.
3 (v adv) 8MewaTbCSI (s 'Ieif-n. pa3rOBOP If T.n.), npe-
pblBaTb ''18CTO C npeA/1OraMM on. upon" . "Don 'I taIl
about me," I broke ill (on Iheir talkinK). 0 -He 6omaAT8.
060 MHe-, - BMewanCR R (81"1)( pa3r080p).

389
break (sth) In 1 Into sth
(v n adv, v adv, v pr) (IfMeeTCR oj B31\8MblBaTb, BbI-
naMbiBaTb '1To-n.; BJ1aMbiBaTbCA, 8pblBaTbCA (Kyp,a-n.)
. We lost key and had to bnd i" the door. 0 Mbi no-
TepAJ1M 1Cll1O'I M 8b1H}'*.O.eHbI 6b1nM 83J18MblBaTb lUISpb.
. We could hear Ihal somebody was breding in (or: ...
breaking into our hou.e). 0 MbI cnblwanM, leaK KTO-TO
IIf\8MblBanCA (8 Haw lJ,OM).
a bt8ak-in
[nJ 83J10M; HeaaKOHHOe 8TOp*eHMe . Accoroing(v to re-
pori yesterdav was five bred-ins. 0 CamaCHo CBOlJ,Ke,
!Napa 6b111O nATb 83J1OMOB.
break (sth) Into sth
1 (v pr) BHeaanHO nepeXOlJ,MTb B l1PYroe COCTOSIHMe, 8
lIPYrOO TeMn (OObl'IHO t5b1Crpee) .1 caJ/ed him and he
broAe u.to a TUn. 0 S! n03Ban ero, M OH 6pocMJICA 00-
)l(8Tb.
2 (v pr) 8He3anHO HS'IMHaTb 'ITO-n., pcI3pa3MTbCSI
'l8M-n. (CMeXOM, p)II""arenbCJBOM) . After my joke he
Iwoie wo laughler. 0 nocne MoeH wyTKM OH pa3pa-
3MnCA CMeXOM.
3 (v n pr) pa3D,eJ1ATb, pa36MBaTb '1TO-n. He! KaKMe-II.
't8CTM . My daughler brou Ihe chocolale u.to three
pieces - jor mother. father and herself 0 MOSI D.O'IKa
pII3I1OMana WOK0na.AKY Ha lpM KYCKa - MaMe, nane M
cOOe. III
4 (v pr) MCn0J1b30BaTb no HeOOxOlJ,MMOCTM KaKMe-lI.
sanaCbI, pe3epebl; Ha'laTb TpaTHTb kaKMe-lI. c6epe-
*8HMA . At the e"d of every month we have 10 bred

390
lIB
i",o our saving.f. <> I<IDK.AblM MecR, B 1C0He. HaM np....
XO,lU1TCR MCnOI1b30BaTb HaWM c()epe)l(eHHR.
5 (v pr) = break in/inlo
break (sth) out [HMe6TCR n H inv)
1 Iv n adv) B311aMblBaTb, BblnaMblBaTb "TO-II. . Children
accidenla/(I' brou oul a pane. <> lleTM He..aRHHO BbI()M-
11M OICOHHoe CTeMO.
2 Iv adv) BcnblX"'BaTb 10 nO)l(ape, 3nH,aeMHH) , pa3pa-
3KTbCR (0 BOHHe, rp03e H T.n.) . They cO/lldn " under-
stand when the fire broke oul. <> OHM He Mormt naHRn.,
l<orAa BcnblXHYI1 no*ap.
c break-out
In] BCnblWI<8. MaccoBoe npoRBl1eH"'e (3IJH,aeMIofIof, He-
JJ,osonbCTS8 Iof T.n.) . II lVa.f a real break-oul. <> 3To
()bll1a HaCTORutaR 3nWJ.eMMR.
- outbreak
In] B3PblB, BcnblWlCa (3nH,aeMHH; rHesa, 3Hry31of83M8,
'4YBCTB Iof T.n.); SHe33nHoe Ha..aJlO lBOHHbI, rpo3b1 H T.n.)
break out In sth (v adv pr)
1 nOlCpblTbaI CblnblO, nRTHaMIil '" T.n. . lIi.f leK ha h
"en oul in (I rash. <> Ero Hora nOlCpbll1aCb CblnblO.
 break oul on
2 HeO)l(lIIAaHHO pa3pa3101TbCSI CMeXOM. nl1a..eM; npo-
RB"'Tb B.l\Pyr C...l1bHble 'IYSCTBa . Mv lVord. cOIl.fed her
to brea" oul in tcars. <> Mo", C110Ba Bbl3BaJI\oI Y He8
Cl1e3b1.
· break out In a cold sweat
(v adv pr) nOl<pblTbCR X0110l1HblM nOTOM; C...llbHO
IIIcnyraTbCR . ''''hell my hopes fi". (lnv help fr/l to t

391
ground I broAt! Ullt in Q cold SK'at 0 KOfAa I,IOH
HMe)l(,tl.hI Ha KaKYIO-HI10YAb noMOlUb PYXHYIlI1, R Hcny-
ranes!. ::.. bring oul in a cold )11'1. at
break out on sth
Iv adv pr) HeOJKMAaIlHO nORBI1TbCSI Ha KaKOH-n. no-
sePXHOCTM, Ha ..eM-II. . 4 riLth h(1t broki'n 0111 on hit
1f!1:. 0 Ha ero Hore nOllBHI18Cb Cblnb.  braA oul in
break out I out of sth
(v adv, v pr) (HMe6m1 nJ COe)l(8Tb (oncyna-II., 1'13 KaKO-
ro-II. MeCTa); BblpllcnbCSI . I wu/dn'l breul. out of ha
C1m1\ 0 s:lIIC Mar BbipsaTbCSI H3 ee cObRTH". . Tlm_'!'
pri.toners broJ. oul at m,dmgl,,_ 0 B nollHO..b Tpoe
3alClllO'leHllbIX OOJKanH.
o break-out
Inl ncOer (M3 TIOPbMbI M T.n.). n,tre was a mass breaA-
u,d of pruona3 '" mldmghl. 0 B nOI1HO'ib Obll1 cosep-
UleH MaCCOBbll1 noOer 3aKllIO'ICHllbiX.
bring sb/sth In (v n adv)
1 3apa6aTblBaTb '{fO-II., npHHocMTb, .o,asaTb "TO-II. B
uHAe AOXO.o,a . This J(lb brings mL ;n a lillie moncv
"J.QOCb me - KOCIIeHHOO lI0n0"HeH"e; 0 3Ta paOoTa
naeT tome HeMHoro AeHer. ..". c:unre ;n
2 npMBlleKaTb. BOBlleKaTb lCorO-II. (B 1(81(00-n. neno, B
K8'1eCTBe Y'l8CTHHK8, nOMOmHHI(8 M T.n.) . Thc.,'
brllllgilt nil ;n for Ilml deaf "'J.QeCb me - nl)AMOe nfJ-
IIOIIH8H"e, 0 OHH BICllIO..HIIM MeHM B 3Ty CAcm:.y.
 em It' ;n
3 npl1ROAI1Tb Koro-n. B nOIlM1O . Tim. grollp of vo"IIg
men 1\"(10 broughl ;n hen: IWIC 1111.' week. 0 3Ty rpynny

392
1m
MOnollbIX mOlle npHBOlU1nH ClOl13 Iia 3TO Hellene
llBaJlUlbl.
bring sb In on sth
Iv n adv pr) npHBne'lb, npHrnacMTb, np+\Be<:TM Koro-n.
la KB'ieCrB8 CO)l'lBCTHHKB, naUU4HKB, JlIIfI JJoneaoro
)I'IBCTHII) AnSI KaKO-n. C08MeCTItOHlleflTenbHOCTH; no-
CBSlTHTb Koro-n. B KaKoe-lI. lleno . Hm'e YJII olread'
hrou!:'" Ihem in on )'Qllr .ecrel? 0 HeyJKDIIH Tlol nOC8R-
Hln HX B CBOIO TaHIIY?  h in Oil, e'lme in 011, 'I;" Oil
· bring sb/sth into action
(v n pr) BBOllHTb, npHDollHTb 'fro-II. D lleMCTDHe;
-38Becnl- Koro-n., COlleCTDoBaTb '11>8"-11. aKTtID-
IIOCTH . II waJ "cry' (liffiCIIII pmh/em, and for ils n'.wlv-
ing our d,rector brouj:hIIU'Q h,glr-Ievel experrs il/lo ac-
lion 0 3TO (ibl1\8 O'4eHb TPY.DJlaSl np06neMa, H Haw
llHpeKTOp 38.I10","TBo88n lUJyx BblCOKOK88nH$Hultpo-
88I1HbIX cneUKanHcTOB l1I1S1 ee peWDltHR. . II : time 10
brillK Ilris meehalllsm il/l" actioll 0 nopa BBOllMTb 3TOT
Mexalll13M B llei1cTBMe.  ('ome i/ll(1 LI 'Iion
· bring sth Into force
Iv n pr) BBOllMTb B cHny, B lleCTBlle; OCYuteCTBJIHlb
"TO-n.; llenaTb 'fTO-n. 06R3aTCnbltblM, ocytUeCTBMMblM
103aKoH9, npaBHne. rpe60BaIlHH H T.n.) . Som. mUII-
ber. of a partl' speak for bringing Ihl. 101\' illlo fore
o HeKoTopble '1neHbI napTH" BblctynalOT 3a HRelleHllD
3Toro 3aKOIl8 8 llei1cT8He.  b in fore,; ell me inlO
fore,
bring sb/sth out (v n adv)
1 nOM0'4b KOMy-n. npeo.a,oneTb 3aCTeH'iHBOCTb; Bbleec.
-

393
1'\11 1C0ro-n. M3 COCTH"'R CAep)l(8HHOCTM, CKOB8HHOCTM
. Tn' to bring him out (of his shell). 0 PacweaenM Tbi
ero (Hnff: nOCTapaH nOMO'Ib eMY npeoA(lneTb 38-
CTeH'jMBOCTb).  draw out
2 cnoco6cTBOBaTb UBeTeHMlO, paCnyCKaHMIO 'jero-n.
(p8CTeHHR, no'ieK) . Only warm weather brough! oul
our flowers. 0 TonbKO npM TennoiOl noro.o.e HaWM LUleTbi
CTanM LUlec1'\ll. => be oul, come out
3 npOM3BO,[I.MTb, BbinyclCaTb B CBeT, ony(inMlCoBaTb
otTO-no . Our firm brings out these goods every monrh.
o Hawa $MpMa npoM3BO,[I.Io1T 31'\11 TOsapbl e*eMeaI'IHO.
=> be oul, come out
4 BblRBnRTb, ocaeTb, nOKa3b1B8Tb, oOHapY*MB8Tb
'lTo-n. . You must brillg all your skill ou,. 01101 Ao"*eH
nOKa3aTb ace csoe YMeHMe. . This photograph brings
your children out very well. 0 3Ta 4>OTorpa$HR O'IeHb
xopowo BblAenHeT B8WMX AeTeM. => come out
· bring sb out In a cold 8weat
(v n adv pr) pa3r. CMnbHO II\cnyraTb Koro-n.; BOrHaTb
!tOro-n. B xOnOAHblH noT . J didn', expect that my news
would bring her old in a cold swat. 0 st He O*MA811, 'lTO
MOR HOBOCTb TalC Cl41IbHO MCnyraeT ee.  bnaJ: old in a
cold $tWill
. bring sb I sth out I out of sth
(v n adv, v n pr) BbiBOlUfTb 1C0ro-n.; BblHOCMTb 'lTo-n. (1113
tcaKoro-n. MecTa); BbIT8ClCMsaTb lCoro-n./'lTo-n.; BblHM- --=-
MaTb 'fTO-n. (OTKY.o.a-n.) . Bring all your old things out 
(o/this room) and throw them out. 0 BblHecM Bea.. cBOA
CTSpbliOl xnaM (1013 3TOM KOMHaTbl) M BbiOPOCM ero. . Two
firemen brough' a woman out (0/ the burning house).

394
IfJ
(> JJ.Ba noxapHMKa BblHeCnM )lCeHWHHY (M3 rOPfUU8ro
AOM3). ==- gel out/OUI of, ItlU 0111/0111 of
build 5th In 1 Into 5th (v n adv. v n pr)
1 BCTpaMBaTb "To-n. (KYA8-n., BO "To-n.) ofi('IacTO
PaSSNe . The only way oul for you is 10 build lhe
dresser u. (or: ... dresser ;"10 Ihe wall). (> WHCTSeH-
HbI BbDtOA AlIA sac - 3TO BCTpoMTb KYXOHHbI WKa (.
CTeHy).
2 AeJ\3Tb 'lTo-n. HeOn.eMneM<>M COCTa8HoM 't8CTWO
('*Iro-n.); BKJ1IO't8Tb 'ITO-n. (n)'H1CT Jl,oroeopa, nonoJKe-
HHSI; Jl,ononHHTenbH&Ie rpet5088HHR H T.n.) (0 KaKOH-n.
AOKYMeHT, 0 nooecncy H T.n.) . Sorry, M-'e forgollo bIIJM
Ihis requirement in (or: ...this requiremenl mlo our COlt-
tract). (> H38IotHHTe, Mbi 3aObinH OKJ1lO'utTb 3TO Tpe6o-
saHHe (B Haw KOHyPalCf).
build 5th out (HMeeTCR inv)
(v n adv) npMCrp8M88Tb 'lTo-n. (IC )"lICe nOCTP06HHOMY'J
. I decided 10 bllild a wing 0111 to Ihe left side of my
house. (> R pewMn npHCTpoHTb <!>nMrenb c neooA CTe>:"
poHbI MOet"O 110M3.
- outbuilding
[0) HaABOpHoe CTBOeHlote; ICpblno 3I13HHA; npMcrpoAIC8
bum (5th) out [HMeeTC1l nJ
1 (v adv, v n adv) r8X. cropaTb (06 3neKTPH'I6C
YCTpoficTB8X); neperopaTb (0 nSMne, npOBOJl,ICS)'
C)lC6'tb, nepe)IC6'tb 'lTo-n. (no npH'IHHe neperpy3lCtf)
. The exhaust valve in my car has unfortunalely ""
0111. (> BblnycKHOA KJlanaH B MoeM M3WHHe, IC cOJd-
neHMlO, cropen. . Whal are you doing? You'll bllm 1M

395
tape recorder Dllt. 0 "ITO TbI AenaeWb? Tbi COJlOKBWb
M8rHMTocPoH.
2 (v n adv) SbI)I(MrSTb, CJlCMraTb "'0-11. . Constructors
IHunt that old shed Ollt. 0 CTpOMrel1M CO)l(rllM TOT CTS-
PbI" C3pa".
3 (v adv. v n adv) pa:Jr. M3BeCTMCb, M3My'1MTbCSI, AOBeCnt
c:e6R AO M3HeMO)l(eHMR "'II K8..ecree npAMOrO AOf1OIIIfeHHII
tICI'IOI1b3yeTCII oneself» . / wouldn't like you to bum
(yourself) Ollt for peanuts. 0 SI Obi He XOTena. ..TOObi Tbi
T8IC MCTOUl.811 ceOsl38 rpoWM.
o bumout
(n) MCTOUl,eHMe $M3M..ecKMX M AYXOBHbIX CMn . Workin
'. for this firm he got bll'1I0llt. 0 Pa60TaR H8 3T)' $MPMY,
OH noTeplUl 3AOpoSbe.
buy In (sth)
1 ( 38KYnaTb, 38J18C3Tb liTO-II. BnpolC . Before
mmmer we usually bllY ;11 sugar for preparing canned
fruit. 0 D.o H8CT)'f1neHMR naTa Mbi o(5bNHO 38JCynaeM
caxap, ..TOObi 38rOTa8J1M88Tb $pyaOBbie KOHcepSbi. .
2 (v adv. v adv n ) K.OM_ CKYn8Tb (alCM M t!BHHble
Oyt.earM) . / would like to bllY in (about /00 registered
stocks). 0 SI Obi XOTeI1 CKYnMTb aKM (HlJH: ... CKynMTb
OK0l10 era MMeHHbIX SK1UtJil).
buy sb/sth out
1 ( v n adv ) SbiKYnSTb KorO-I1., A0(5M' "beH-I1. IrZW
cso6oAbl nyTeM BblK}'na . We have to bllY him Ollt for __
some mone) 0 HaM npM,O.eTCR BbiKynaTb ero 38 AeHbt"M.
2 (v n adv) BbiKynaTb IIbIO-l1. Aomo, aKM Hl1M ace
MMYUl.eCTBO (s eltRx nPH06peT8HHR nps8lJ ynpafJllRTb,

396
m
SOHnI B c:ocrss )"IPWtHTeneii H r.n.) . fie hOIl}:hl hIS
partner 0111.0 OH 8b1lCYnH/1 BeIO .Q0/11O coooro napTHepa
(11 Clan nonHblM X03RI1HOM).
call (sb/sth) in
1 (v adv) HaBeu&aTb, 3aXO.QI1Tb 8 rOCTI1: 33mAAblBaTb
. Call in lomorrow on ,VJllr MaJ' 10 ychool. 03axoD.l1
33BTP8 no .Qopore 8 WICOny. = call 01
2 (v n adv) 8b13b1BaTb, f103B8Tb. npHrnawaTb 1C0ro-n. (B
T. 'I. BpallB. cnelJ.HSnHCTB H r.n B :JKCrpeHllbIX CII)"ISUX)
. Culllht doclor in a. soon a. possible. 0 BbI30BH !CaK
MOJKHO CKOpee .QOKTOpa. . /1 : g IImg rain): ('ull t ''Cry-
body ill 0 Ha'fI1II8BTCSf .QO. 308M Beex B nOMelUB-
11MB. = gl'l in
3 (v n adv) nOTpeOoBaTb S03BpaTa ..ero-n. (no npH'iHHe
"0 OJ1.IIOCTH. npocpo'lKH. B03HHKW6H onaCHocrH H
r.n.) . 111e aJmmlslrallrm caliI'd in all i1brarv hook... for
slocl..taking. 0 AJv,u-IIIMCTpaltMR npeDJlOJKMna C.Q,aTb BCC
(jH6nHOTe'flfbie KIIMn1 Ha I1HBeHTapH33UHIO.
· call slh In I into question
(v n pr) f1O.Qoepralb 'fTO-I1. COMHeIfMIO; COMlteB8 B
'feM.n. . Dcm', worry. I'm nOI ('ailing W>IIr .Iory il/lo
l{IIe.uion 0 He 6ecnoICoAcR, R He COMlfeBaIOCb B TBOUM
paCCKa3e.
call (sb/sth) out
1 (v adv. ) BblKpHKltYTb IK8KHe-n. cnoea);
BCKPMKHYlb: 33KpWtBTb ('fTo.n.) . PilI mllr hand lip.
,101/ 'I '.0/1 0111 0 nO.QHMMM PYKY. He OblKpI1KMBaH.
. took. .<;amehody ('allt'd Olll.r0ur l/umC'. 0 nocnywa...
lITO' TO BblKsn11UfY/11Boe MItt<l

397
2 (v n ad\') Bbl3blBaTb Koro-n. (.wJIJ 3BUlHTbl, BOCCT8-
HOBneHHSI nopfll1.K8 If T.n. ) . It s lime to adlthe firemen
o,d. 0 nopa Bbl3b1BaTb n0)l(apt414KOB.
cancel (sth) out
(v adv, v n adv) ypaBHOBeWHBaTbal, HeMTpaIIH30-
88Tba1; ypaBHOBeWHBaTb 'fTO-n.; CBOJJ.HTb 'fTo-n. Ha
HeT; HeMTpaIIH30BaTb 'ITO-n. <ilo6bloaiO Simple Tenses}>
. His speech cllnce"ed 0111 my success. 0 Ero Bblcryn-
neHHe CBeno MOM ycnex H8 HeT. . Unfortunately her
beauty and her bad qualities ctlllceUed (each other) 0"'.
o K CO)l(aneHHlO, ee nlIOXHe Ka'lecma CBOART H8 HeT ee
KPBCOry.
carry sb I sth out
1 Iv n adv) YHOCHTb, BblHOCMTb lCoro-n. . Help me.
please, to carry this man 0fIl. he s dead drunJc. 0 no-
MOrH MHe, OOJKa11yMCTa, BblHecm 3Toro 'IenOBeKa. OH
MepT1leLlKH nbSlH. =:>,aIee Oil'
2 () BbinOnHSlTb, ocywecTBIISITb 'fTo-n.: npo-
BOJJ.HTb KaKYIO-n. pa60ry, HccneJJ.OBaHl4e H T.n. . He or-
dered us to carry oul instructions to the letter. 0 OH
npHKa3a1I HaM B TO'IHOCTH BbinOnHSlTb ytCa3aHHSI. . Our
teacher promised to carry Oil' test in history tomorrow.
o Hawa Y'lHTenbHI4W1 06ewana nposecTI4 3aB1p3 ICOH-
TPOnbH}'1O no HCTOpHH.
cast sb I sth out (v n adv) [HMeeTCR inv] III
1 Bbl6paCblBaTb, BblKHlI,blB3Tb, oT6paCblB3Tb 'Iro-n.
<ilOObl'lHO Simple Tensesjo. . Its high time you em 01/
these oltlthings O"t. 0 .D.aBHO YJlCe oopa Te6£! Bbl6pa-
CblBaTb Bce 3TM cTapble BeLW1. . prov Though you cast

398
III
oul nature with a fork, it will still return. 0 fIOC/I. CKonb-
ICO eonlCa He KOPMH, OH eee e nec fnS!,ll,IIIT.  ,hrow oul
2 M3rOHRTb, eblrOHRTb lCoro-n.; 38.CTeHTb 1C0rO-l1. YMTM
"':'IaCTO Passive, . Such ignorant persons must be cast
oul from our society. 0 TaKlile HeeeJICecTIIeHHble l1111u,a
J10IlJICHbI 6b/Tb 1113rHaHbI 1113 Hawero 06U(ecTea.
- outcast
[V)M3rOHRTb,OTeepraTb
In) M3rHaHHMK, napMR; 15e3AOMHblM '4el10eeK
Cadi] OTBepJICeHHblM, M3rHaHHblM; 6e3AOMHblM
catch sb In
(v n adv) CIIY'l3MHO 38.CTaTb 1C0ro-n. (.aOMa, HB pa60re H
T.n.) ...06b1'1H() SImple Tenses, . I hoped to cllt€h my
friend in at my sisters. 0 Sf Ha.o.eSIllCR 38.CTaTb ceoero
APyra y MaeH CecTpbl.  catch oul
· catch sb In the act
(v n pr) nOMMaTb KOrO-l1. Ha MecTe npecrynl1eHHA;
nOMMaTb KorO-l1. C nOl1I11'iHblM ....c nocne,Q)'IO'" of doing
sth; ..acTO Passive, . He was caught in the IICt of break-
ing in the door. 0 OH Obll1 CXea'ieH, 1C0r.na B3naMblBaII
nsepb.
catch sb out (v n adv)
1 He 3aCTaTbKoro-n. (.aOMa. Hspa60reH T.n.) "':06b1'1HO
Simple Tenses;" . He was late there and caught me oul.
o OH ono3.D,al1 M He 38.CTaII MeHR TaM.  catch in
2 BbleOAIIITb Koro-n. Ha 'iMCTyIO BOll,y; pa:ro6l1a..aTb
1C0ro-n. (eo R)/(H, B HelCOMnereHrHQCTH H T.n.) "':06b1'1HO
SImple Tenses, . Whatever J find for excuses the teacher
Calc-hes me out all jU.ft the same. 0 'fTO Obi SI He Hawen


399
AJ1R onpasAaHMR, Y'lMTenbHMWi 8ee pa8HO 8b11101UfT
MeHJI H8 'fMCT)'IO so.QY.
change (sth) Into 5th
1 (v n pr) pa3MeHRrb .QeHbrM Ha C50nee MenkMe;
OC5MeHRTb KaKYIO-n. Ba111O'Y Ha .apyrMe .QeHbrM . Would
you change this five rouble coin into one rouble coins.
please? 0 Pa3MeHJliiiTe, nOJlC811yHCTa, 3'Y nRntpy6ne-
&y1O MOHe'Y H8 py6nM.
2 (v pr) nepeo.Qe88TbCSI so 'fTO-n. . You must chtlllge
Into something lighter. 0 Tbi .QomlCeH nepeo.Qe1"t>Ol so
'fTO-TO 60nee c8emoe.  chtlllge 0111 of
change out of 5th
(v pr) CHMM8Tb KaK'yJO-n. o.Qe11.J1.Y. 'fToC5b1 nepeo.o.eTbCSI
. Shall 1 change Ollt of this hot shirt? 0 SI nepeo.QeHY
STy JKaPKYIO py6axy?  change into
check Inllnto 5th
(vadv. v pr) (_reA nJ 3aperMCyPMp088TbCR (8 OT-
/l6II6. 8 B3POfIOPry H T.n.), OTMeTMTbCSI 0 npMC5b1TMM
1CYA8-n. (8 )l(}'PHane penfCrp8I,lHH H T.n.) . Haven't you
forgotten to ched in at the hotel (or: ... ched into this
hotel)? 0 Bbi He aaC5b1nl4 aaperMCyPl4poeaTbCR 8 3TOM
orena?  ched OUt/Ollt of
D check-ln
In] perl4crpaR, OTMeTKa 0 npMC5b1TMl4 (8 rOCTHHtftlY.
H8 P860ry tf T.n.); aanl4Cb 8 ICHMre nplltXOA8 M yxo,Qa _
. Every morning we must gel through the check";".
o Ka11.J1.oe yrpo MbI.QOJ1)KHbI npoxO.QMTb perMCTpalO.

400
check (sb/sth) out
1 (v n adv) npoaepATb 1C0ro-n.j'lTO-n. (H8 np88Hnb-
MOCTb, H8 COOTfJ6TCT8H6 rpe6oBaHHI'IM U r.n.); ocy-
UlecTBnl'1Tb MHcnelCUHIO 'Iero-n. . You'd beller check
your friend out ;n case he told lies. 0 npoBept>-Ka JJY'Iwe
CBOero npyra, BJ1PYr OH conran?
2 (v adv) P83f". I1OATBePAMTbCI'1; OK83aThCSI BeptiblM,
npa8.QMBbiM (nocne nposepKu) . All he told me didn "
checJc out. 0 Bce, 'lTO OH paCCKa3aJ1 MHeLHe nOATBep-
AMJ10Cb.
check out I out of 8th
(vadv, v pr) (JfMl9T n) O<lx>PMl1ATb OTbe3A M3 roc-
TMHMU,bI; pacnna'lMB3ThCS1 no C'lety nepeA OTbe3AOM;
OTMeaThCSI npM YxoAe c paooTbI, npM 8b1XOAe 'Iepes
1<0HtpOllbHo-nponyCKHoH nyHICT . Could I speak to Mr.
Smith, please? - No, he chec:Ud Ollt (of this hotel) five
minutes ago. 0 Mory A nOrOBOpKTb C rOCnO.oJllHOM
CMKTOM? - HeT, OH Bblexan (10\3 rOCTMHMU,bI) nl'1rb MM-
HVT Ha3a.ll.. =:; check in / into
D checIc-out
[n] Kacca B Mar83MHe caMOO(jCI1y:«MB3HMI'1: 1C0HTP0J1b,
perMCTpa He! BblXOAe . Every evening we mllst get
through the checA-ollt. 0 I<a>K.AbI£; Be'lep Mbi AOI1JKHbI
npoXO.oJllTb perMCTpau,M1O Ha 8b1XOAe.
clean (sbrsth) out (uMeeTC1I' n]
lEI 1 (v n adv) BbI'IMU!8Tb 'ITO-n. (nyreM y.aaneHHI'I rPfl3H
HnM npe.J1.MeTOS 1013 1(8Koro-n. Mecra): OnOp0)l(HATb
"ITO-II. . Wh,' is it so dirty in your drawer. clean it 0
right now. 0 nO'IeMY TaK rpl'13HO B I'1UlMKe TBOero CTona,
ce£;'Iac )l(e ebl'lM£; ero. =:; cleM Ollt, do out

401
D cleatJ.Out (cleanlng-out)
[nJ (O)'1MCTKa (SHyrpeHHero npocrp8HCTsa) . Dh, your
drawer needs a good dlUIing-old. <> 0, 1JjJ T80M CTOII
H}l)KAaeTCSI B xopoweM '1MCTKe.
2 (v n adv) oO-tMCTMTb, 06S0POBaTb lCorO-II. . Look,
somebody c/and us oul. <> CMOTPM. HaC KTO-TO 06Bo-
poBal'l.  d1U' Dul
3 (v adv) CMblBaTbCR, Yl!.MpaTb. y6e.-aTb, c6eraTb
. When they saw me. they at once cIand old. <> Kor1JjJ
OHM YBMD,eI1M MeHR. TO cpaay y6eJKanM.
clear (sb/sth) out [HMeeTCI'l n]
1 (v n adv) BbI'IMTb '1TO-II. (nyreM y,aaneHHR rpR3H
HJIH npeJJMerOB H3 KBKoro-n. MeeTs); onopoJKHATb
'lT0-11. . alIr your drawer Dul right now. <> CeM'I8C JKe
y6epMcb B CBoeM CTOlle.  cIan Dill, do Dul
D clear-our (clearlng-out)
[nJ pa3l"py3Ka; Bblla1l!.blBaHMa HeHyJKHblX BBl1!eM; re-
HepanbHaSl y60PKa nOMBl1!eHMR . Today is annou1l£ed
the total c/lIri''g-01i1 day. <> CerOl!.HR Ot>bRBI1eHa .-aHe-
patlbHaR y6oPK8.
2 (v n adv) Ot>'1MCntTb. oOBOPOBaTb 1C0rO-II. . Look,
somebody cIllred us old. <> CMOTpM, HaC KTO-TO 06-
'1MCTM/I. = clean oul
3 (v adv, v n adv) pa3r. YXO.AIIITb, y6eraTb, ct>eraTb;
nporOHRTb KOro-II.; O'iMCntTb nOMButeHMe (TpeOOsa-
HHe) . "Clear out," shouted she. <> .Y6MpaMCSI", - 
KPMKHYna OHa. . Administrator aslced the police to cI1U' 
these men 0111. <> AAMMHMCTpaTOP nonpocl4l1a nollMLI,IIIIO
BblrHaTb 3TMX IIIOl!.BM.

402
LEI
close In (v adv)
1 COKpaU!8T, YMellbW8r, craHOSHT KOPD"le (0
jlHAX, 0 cserllOM 8peMfJHH cyTOK) . II:f a pll" Iht' days
a" closlnx in aga;II. 0 )Kanb, 'fTO WIM CI40ea YMeHbW3-
IOTCA. => d,ow in
2 npl40nl4*8TbCA (K KOMy-n. '1eMy-n. c uenblO 38XBa-
r8), H8cTYn8Tb (H8 Koro-n./'1ro-n.) .....acTO C nocne.
J1y>OM nJ)8AllOrOM OIl/upon,. . Tht' \'el)' Sirallge .fhaJow
waf cllI!';II.r( in (on II-d. 0 O1ellb CTpaHHaA TeHb HatlO1-4-
ranaCb (HB H8c).
3 oKYTbleaTb, nOlCpblBarb co BCex CTOPOH (e orreHKOM
rpe80/"H) "''I8CTO C nocneJ1y>O\111'M npel1/lOf"OM OIl/Upon,.
. All III1...an' .filenc. cltJsf'd ill Oil Ihis "lllage). (\ KaKaA-
TO rpeSOJkllaA 1I1UII1Ha onycTMII8Cb (118 3TY .nepeuHIO).
come In (v adv) IHMfJeTC1l inv)
1 CT8H0814TbCA MOAHblM, B .nyxe BpeMeHI4; BXO.Q.Hlb 8
MOAY . II s com in/: ill 1I0W 10 ILft' sitch words. 0 Cra-
HOSI4TCA MO.nHblM ynorpeOnRTb TaK01e cnoea => be ill,
go OUI
2 nOABI4I, BOHTI4 S ynoTpeOnelll4e, H8'faTb I4CnOnb-
3OeaT (3/P(/JeKTHlJIIO, IJOBCeMecTHO), H8'18Tb .neM-
CTSOeaTb. 11.:f beller 10 ILff' a III.""' IU/mHJIc Ihol camt
in lasl mlJlrlh. 0 nY'1we SOCnOnb3088TbCA HOSbiM
Y'1e6HI4KOM, KOTOPblM nOASl4l1C'M B npoWIIOM MeCSll4e.
3 npMHTM IC B118CrM, n06e.nI4Tb HS BbiOopax . Hope. 011'
party will come in SOOll_ 0 HatlelOCb, CKOpo H8wa nap-
TMH npeT K B118CTI4. => be in, /:t'I in inlo, pUI in
4 npMH"" K cbHHMWY (e onpelJfJneHHblM pe3ynbTarOM);
.nOcrM"b, 33.IATb onpe.neneHHoe MeCTO (8 coPPO-
IIOBaHH") '" ..acro c nocne.o.y>OM 06crOArOllbCTBOM firSI,
I
I
.

403
S«CIId. later M TA" . When' dil/l'Ou com.. in - firsl or
fecomJ? <> Tbi K1KMM npH6eJKa/I - nepObiM MflM BTO-
PblM?
5 6b1Tb nOIl}"fCllllbiM. nOCTynaTb (s Ka'lOC1Se IJOKO.ll8.
.QHBWICtU20B HJJPyrHX UWWB/JeHeJ«HbJX CYMM) . £'t!t").
mol/th I have / per Cint coming ;n from tn,' bunk J.-
po.It_ 0 KaJK.ablH MCCflLI A HMelO I npoLlCHT AOXOAa OT
Moero 6aHKOOCKoro BKna.Aa.  hri"R in
- Income
(nl AOXOA
6 nOCTYnaTb, npH6b1B8Tb, OblTb nony<teHHblM (06 "".
!PoPMiJUHlf, ONere. (/0'116 H T.n.) . IIi ure WUIIl1lKfor
u lelter which ca" (<1m ;n any motnt!l/t. 0 Mbi JK.aeM
nHCbMO. KOTOpoe MO)KeT nocrynHTb 0 mOOOH MOMeHT.
= }:o (Jul
- incoming
(adj] I1OCTYI18IOLWlH, BXOAALWIM (00 HH!PoPM8UHH. OT-
'IeTe, nO'ire H r.n.)
come In IInto 5th (v adv, v pr)
1 OXOAIHb, npoHHKalb (0 K8Koe-l1. nOMcLLleHHe) . Oil.
what "ice 1JI'e.h. COnle in. come in' () 0, K8KHO
npHSHHble rOCTM! BXOAHle. BXOAHTe! . Sunllghl can
Ctm,.. illtt1 my room o,,( tluril/g half 0 dOl'. 0 ComIC'l-
"'''" coeT MOJICeT npollHK8Tb 0 MOIO KOMHaTY TOl1bKO 8
TC'leHIO nonOUHHbI AHA.  go out, gel in il11Q
2 6b1Tb CBA3aHHblM C'IeM-n. (K8KHM-n. OOpa3QM). Ob/Tb 
npH'ICM (s K8KOH-n. CHryaUHH) . II here does 17I011t!\ ...
come inlo It! <> A rlPH '1eM 3,1l0Cb ACH...-H?
· come into action
(v pr) o<''Y"alb B AeHcToHc, H8ttaTb AeMCTBMe; OblTb

404
IE
3a.aeMCTBOBaHHblM . To ropel aggression all the armed
forces of thi. small COlintry CIUU into GCtioIl. 0 AnA
OTpaJKeH...SI arpecc...... Bce BoopeHHble CHnbl 3TO"
ManeHbKOM CTpaHbI 6b1n.. BBelI.eHbI B l1eMCTB..e.
 bring into action
· come into force
(v pr) Ha.,...HaTb l1ei1cTBoBaTb, BcrynaTb B c..ny (0
3aKOHe. npss"lIIe H T.n.); CTaTb 06sl38TenbHblM, o6SI-
3b1BaIOIllI'IM . The rule will soon come into force for thi!
calego1J' of workers. 0 npaB...110 CKOpo BC1)'n"T B CMnY
l1I1S1 3TO.. KaTerop...... pa60TH"'ICOB.  be ill force, brill6
into force
· come Into season
(v pr) nOSlBHTbaI B npoD,aJICe . l-""ruiL C(l/IIe ;1110 sellSOlI
lasl week. 0 4IPYXTbi nOSiBloInlolCb B npoD,a)lCe H8 npow-
nOM He,ael1e. = IN! ill sea.ton
· come Into sight I view
(v pr) nOSlBHTbCSI, nOKa38TbCSI (aQaneKe); nonaCTb B
none 3peH..SI. AI last some ship came into sight. 0 Ha-
ICOHe-TO K3kOM-TO lCopa6nb nOKa3al1CS1 BD,allelCe. = IN!
in sight/view
come in on 5th
Iv adv pr) 8OMT.. B ,1101110 B k8kOM-n. Aene; npHcoe--
AHHHrbCSlIC ..eMy-n. . We WUllt I'OU to come ill on our
pltm. 0 MbI XOTHM. 'IT06b1 Tbi BIU1IO.,IoII1CSI B Haw nMH.
= be in on, bring in on
· come in on the ground floor
(vadv prl pa3r. BIU1IO<1...TbCSI B 1C8k)1lO-n. Aesrrel1bHOCTb
IoInlol BcrynHrb Ha nYTb k8Pbepbl B caMOM Ha.,ane. y ca.

405
MbIX ...CTOICOB . It s better for you to make sllre you CfUne
in on tlte grollnd floor. 0 .AnSI TeOSI I1Y'Iwe BCBro
yt5e,l1l1TbCSI, '1TO Tbi B 3TOM Aene B caMOM ero Ha'ta1le.
= be iff on the grollnd floor
come out (V adv) [HMeeTaI inv]
1 BblXOAJIITb "'3 nOMeeH"'SI (e KaKOH-n. uenblO, B
KaKOM-n. HanpaaneHMM) "''18CTO c npe.anoraMM tor. ot. to);>
. COllling Ollt of the cinema I suddenly saw her. 0 BbI-
XO,Q,Sl1ll3 ICMHOTearpa, SI B.!lPyr yBlllAen ee. . Pete, cOllie
ollt (for playing tenni). 0 n"'T, BblXOAJII (...rpaTb B
TeHH"'C). = M 0111. go 0111, IW 0111
2 BblMTM (M3 TIOPbMbI), OCBo6oAiIITbCSI (M33SKJlIO'I6HMFI)
. Hope, he'll collie 0111 soon for good conduct. 0 Ha-
.aelOCb, OH ClCOpo ocBo60A"'TCSI M3 3S1UIK>'tBH"'SI 3a
xopowee noee,qeH...e. = be ollt.let 0111/0111 of
3 pacnycKaTbCSI, paCeTaTb . Lbok, they are cOllling
Ollt. 0 CMOTp.... OH'" pacnycKaK>TaI. = M Ollt, bring Ollt
4 CTaTb BIIIA"'MblM, nOSlBnSlTbCSI, BblXOAJIITb (M3 o6naKoB
- 0 COJIHU8, nyHe, 3Be.1Qax) . I like watching the stors
coming OUI in the sky. 0 J1lO6nK> Ha6nK>D.aTb, lCalC 3Be3-
/UJI nOSlB11S1K>TaI Ha He6e. = go in, be oul
5 6b1Tb ony6n...lCoeaHHblM. BblXOAJIITb B CBeT; nOSlB-
mm.cSl B npoA8*e, BblXOAHTb B npoAaJICY . When, at
last, will this book come Ollt? 0 KorD.a )ICe, HaICOHet.t, 3Ta
ICHMra Bblli\.Q.er? = be out
e BblXOAJIITb HapYJICY, paCKpblBaTbCSI, nprnlCHSlTbCSI (06 
HHtI>OPMilUHM, ceKpere, npaB,Qe H T.n.) . The meaning ...
of this word comes Ollt in context. 0 3Ha'teH...e 3Toro
C110Ba 06HapYJKMeaeTcSl B 1C0HreICCTe npeA/1O)lCeHI4S1.
= be 0111. bring 0111. lei Ollt

406
-
7 nOl1}"laTbCfl, BblXO.QJ;lTb (Ha tPOrorpatPHH, KspnfHe If
r.n.) . Your children always come out well in a photo-
graph. 0 BawM ne-rn BcerJ1a xopowo n011y'lSlOTCSI Ha
clJoTorpa4!MM.  bring Ollt
8 C5b1Tb OC5"bSiBneHHblM, npoB03rnaweHHblM (0 pe-
3ynbr818X KOHKYPC8, 3K3aMeH08 M 1.n.) . Wait. the re-
sults will soon come out. 0 nono*J1M. CKOpo 06"bRBSIT
pa3ynbTaTbi.  M 0111
- outcome
[nJ pe3ynbTaT, MTor oObI"HO singular»
9 C5bITb B MTore. COCTaBnSlTb (KBKYIO-n. C)'MMY. senH-
'1MH)') ..;{c nocne.AM npe.qnorOM at/to'» . 1 have calcu-
lated: the total coma out at I j dollars. 0 SI I1OnC'IMT8I1:
B MTore nOl1}"laeTCSI 15 ,/J,onnapoB.  work out
10 l/IC'Ie3aTb. npolla,AaTb (B pe3ynbT8Te cmpKH. '1HCT"M
H T.n.) . How did you get that stain to come oul? 0 KalC
Te6e YJ1a11OCb BbiBeCTM 3TO nSiTHO?  get out/out of
count sb I sth In
(v n adv) Y'lMTblBaTb, BlC1IlO'IaTb, 3aC'IMTblBaTb, BnM-
CblBaTb lCoro-n./'ITO-n. (8 K8'1ecTBe 8CTHHK8, '1neHB
rpynnbl; 8 OOCTB8e KOM8bI If T.n.) . What's )'ollr job
here? - 1 am counting the delegales in. 0 TO TbI 3,/J,eCb
nenaewb? - SI Be,/J,Y Y'leT neneraTOB.
count (sb/sth) out
1 (v adv) MTaTb BCnyx . She lius to count ou/. 0 EM
HpaBMTCSI MTaTb BcnyX.
2 (v n adv) MTaTb lCoro-II./'fTO-n. no nopR.l1KY (no
Mepe HX OORBlleHHR, pa3MeU4eHHJl) .1 cOllnled the del-
egates 0111 a. they departed. 0 SI MTan AeneraTOB no
Mepa MX yOblTMSI.

407
3 (v n adv) paY. MCIU1IO'laTb Koro-n.: He paOC'lMTblBaTb
H8ICOro-n.: He BIU11O'iaTb 1C0ro-n. . We cOlln'ed him Oil'.
o Mbi Ha Hero He paOC'lMTbI&a11M.
cover sth In (sth)
1 (v n adv) HaKpblBaTb '1TO-n. (8 u.emrx nf)eAoxpaHeHHR
H .AD.): nOlCpblBarb '1TO-n. (lqJblweiil H Ton.) . To keep
your car dry you should cover it in. 0 'iTo6b1 TBOR Ma-
WMH8 6b1na CYXOM, HaKpoM ee.
2 (v n pr) HalCpblBaTb, nOlCpblBaTb Koro-n./'fTO-n. '1eM-n.
<l{BMecTo npeJ:Vlora in MOJl(eT 6bITb wiJh, . The passing car
covered us in lumps of mud. 0 OT npoe3JKalOU4eM Ma-
WMHbI Ha Hac noneTenM 1C0MbR rpsl3M.
3 (v n pr) nOlCpblBaTb ce6R cnalloM, 6ec'leCTbeM:
3aCJ1}')lCMTb JJ.OBepl1e «BMeCTO nP8A/1ora III MO*8T 6b1TI>
..,-th» . We could send him only because he cowred
himself willt credit. 0 MbI MornM nocJ1aTb TOl1bKO ero.
T8JC KaIC OH 3aCJ1}')lCMlI JJ.OBepMe.
crash out (v adv) paaf.
1 BblpBaTbCSI Ha BonlO; 6e»:aTb M3 TIOpbMbI -(..acTO
Simple Tenses> . II seems now as if I crashed 0111. 0 MHe
cew..ac KaJKeTCSI, cnOBHO 51 BblPaaJ1CS1 Ha Bomo.
2 3aCHyrb 6b1cTpo, norpyaMTbCSI B COH . He gOllo the
bed and craslred 0111. 0 OH JJ.06paJ1CS1 JJ.O ICpOBaTM M
MOMeHTallbHO 3aCHyI1.
-croas sth out III
(v n adv) (HMeeTC!l nJ BbI'IepKMBaTb, 3a'lePK\llBaTb'lTo-n.
. If you cross this line oil/the poem will be beller. 0 Ec-
nM TbI BbI'IeplCHeWb 31)1 CTpol()'. cntXOTBOpeH",e 6YJJ.eT
J1Y'twe.

408
.
a cross/ng(s)-out
(n] BbIepKMBaHMe . How many clauses did you subjecl
10 croSS;n8-oUI? <> ClConbKO npeAflO)l(eHMM TbI BbI-
epICHyn?
crowd (sb/sth) In/Into sth
(v adv, v pr, v n adv, v n pr) BTMCKHBaTbCR (8 ronny, 8
3anOnHeHHyKJ nlO,QbAlH KOMHBTy H r.n.); 33nMXMBaTb,
BTMCICMBaTb Koro-n./To-n. (8 KaKoe-n. Mecro)
. Elbowing we tried to crowd in (or: ... crowd ;nlo tlfe
room paclred with-people). <> PaOOTaR OOImlMM, MbI
nblTaJlMCb npoTMCHYTbCfJ (B ICOMH81)'. 33nonHeHHyIO
IIIOl1bMM). . Who can help liS to crowd the cows in (or:
no the cows ;nlO the van)? <> KTO MO)l(eT nOMO..b HaM
33nMxaTb 1C0poB (B BarOH)? = crowd out/OUI of
crowd sb/sth out/out of sth
(v n adv, v n pr) BblTecHRTb Koro-n./TO-II. (1013 33non-
HeHHoro npoCTpaHCTBa, 1013 COCTaBa n"'l1epOB 101 T.A.)
. New firms crowded much useful area out (of the insti-
tute). <> HOBbie $MpMbI nOTeCHMnM MHoro none3HOM.
nnolWl,QH (MHCnITyra)_
cry out (HMeeral inv)
Iv adv) BClCpMICHyrb (OT Oon"" crpaxa, HeO)l("'A3HHOCTH
M T.n.) . They cried oUltheir greeting. <> OHM npoKpM-
aJlM npMBeTCTBeHHble CJ10Ba. = call oul
- outCl}'
(v] rpoMICO ICpMaTb, BonMTb
In] rpoMICMM KpMlC, BbllCpMIC; ICpMIC O'T'laRHMR

409
cut (sb) in
1 (v actv) pe31C0 M onaCHO neperOHRTb IJPyrytO MaWMHY
. Somebody .<;harp(' cui in in front of us and I had to
app(.' the brake. 0 KTO-TO pe31C0 060rHan Hac TaK, 'fTO
MHe npMWIIOCb 3aTOpM03MTb.
2 (v n actv) (J83r. BlCJ1tO'faTb KorO-II. (B KBK)'IO-n. AeR-
renbHOCTb, B Hrpy iii T.n.) 06b1'fHO c nOCJ1e.aM npell,-
lIOf"OM on . I WQ.<; very' glad when my uncle cui me ill
(on the deal). 0 Sl6b111 O'feHb paA, 1C0rA3 MO" AAAR B3RII
MeHR B AeIlO.
cut (sth) In (sth) I Into sth
1 (v n pr) AellMTb, pa3pe3aTb 'fTO-II. H3 KaKMe-lI. '!SCTH
. CUI this sheet in two (or: on thi." sheet inlO two
halves). 0 Pa3pe)l(bTe 3TOT IIMCT Ha ABe nOIl08MHbI.
2 (v adv, v pr) BMeWMBaTbCs:I; npepblBaTb, nepe6MBaTb
'!TO-II. (6ece,Qy. omyCK, 3aHRTHR H T.n.) . Don 't cui ill
when J am speaking. 0 He BMewMBaAcsl, KorA3 fI roo
BOplO. . Her telephone call cut inlO my rest time. 0 Ee
TeJ1E$OHHbI" 3BOHOK nepe6MII MO" OTAbIX.
cut Into sth
(v pr) Ha'faTb pa3pe3aTb. OTpe3aTb 'fTO-II. . I was first
. who cui inlo the birthday calee. 0 SI nepSbiM OTpe3aJ1
ieyCOK npa3JlHM'fHoro TopTa.
"cut (sth) out (IiIMeeTCfl n]
, 1 (v n actv) Bblpe3aTb I<8KO"-II. MaTepMan (anR KpOR iii III
T.n.), AellaTb KaKMe-lI. Bblpe3ICM M3 6YMarM, rKaHM M np.
«'facTO BMeCTO out HCOOJ1b3yeTCII npelVlOr out or... . .My
- small daughter likes to cllifigures 0111 (of paper). 0 MOSI

410
-
ManeHbKaA D,O'lKa 11106HT 8b1pe3aTb $HryPIG1 (M3 6y-
MarM).
D cuI.out
[nJ Bblpe3aHHaA $Hrypa (H3 6YMsn, KSPTOH8, rK8HH If
r.n.); PMCYHOIC-MOD,enb D.J1A Bblpe3aHHA; Bblpe3, pa3-
pe3, npope3b (Ha nnaTbe If T.n.); Bblpe3aHHasI 'taen.
(nbeCbl, f/)HJlbM8 H r.n.). My small daughter strewed all
the clll-oulS 01'1 the floor. () MOA ManeHbKaA D,O'IKa pa3-
(5pocana Bce 06pe31SH no nony. ,
2 (v n adV) paar. OTTeCHATb, BblTecHATb ICOro-n. (8 ron-
ne, 8 COpeBHOBaHHH, 8 lleRTenbHOCTIf If T.n.) . SI-
managed to cut a/l her competitors out just before fin-
ish. () EM YD,aTlOCb OTTecHHTb Bcex CBOHX conepHMlCos .
nepeD, caMbiM $MHMweM. . It was very difficult for him
10 cuI oul a place il'l art of clowl'lery. () 6b1J10 He TalC l1er-
ICO eMY HaMTM ce6e MeCTO B MCKyCCTBe KJlOYHa,Q,bI.
3 (v n adv) HCK11lO'1aTb, BbI'IepICMBaTb, yOMpaTb '1TO-I1.
(H3 TeKCT8, cnHCIC8, npoeKT8 H T.n.). Why didn', you
cut ollllhese phrasal verbs I showed you? () nO'ieMY Bbi
He MCKJlIO'IMnM $pa30Bble rnarOI1b1, 1C0Topble A BaM YK8.
3ana?
4 (v n adv) npelCpaw,aTb 'ITO-n.: 6pocaTb D,enaTb 'tTo-n.
"8CTO B K8..ecTBe "PJlMOrO 110nOllHeHMA MCnollb3TCA inQ-
<j)oPM3 geruncfj. . He is on a diet, he cuI oul meat
fish from his food. () OH Ha JJ,IIIeTe - MCK11IO'1W1 MACO ..
Pbl6y M3 cBoero paMOHa. . After 3 months of curing
cut drinking out. () nocne TpeXMeCA'tHoro ne'IBHMA .
npelCpaTMJI nMTb.
5 (v adv) nepeCTaTb $YHICOHMPOBaTb, 8b1K11lO'1aTbCtt,
OTXJ1IO'IaTbCA (0 MOTOpe, MeX8HH3Me H T.n.) .

411
motor CIlI out in a few minute-... 0 MOTOP 3ar110X ..epe3
HeCKOl1bKO MHHyT.
· cut It /that out
(!L...D...a.tI.') pa3r. npelCpaUlaTb .nenaTb "TO-II. ('iro6b1 He
8b13b188Tb pa3/1Pa:J«eHH11, He MewaTb If T.n.) <i:'f8CTO B
noaenHTenbtlOM H8K11OHeHHM... . I am tin!d of your advice,
could you. please. cuI Ihal oul! 0 SI YCTaTI OT T80HX
coeeTOB, npelCpaTH 3TO, nO:J«anyi4CTa. . CUI it out!
o npeKpaTHTe!
· be cut out for 5th
(v n adv pr) pa3r. 6b1Tb no.nxOlUU14HM MII..erO-I!.; 6blTb
cnOBHO C03J1aHHblM Mil 'Iero-I!. <{BMeCTO be MOryr MC-
nonb30B8TbCR ,[ij)yntB rnaronbl-caR3KH: appear, look, seem M
T.lI.... . She is cuI out fo, this job. 0 OHa npllMO C03J1aHa
W1R 3T0i4 .nomICHOCTH.
deal in 8th
(v pr) 3aHVlMaTbCSI ..eM-I!. (KOMMep'I8CKOR .Qesm1J1b-
HOCTbIO, nonHTHKoH If T.n.); ToprO&aTb, VlMeTb .nel1o C
..eM-II. (npoMblwneHHblMH TOsapaMH, Op)?KH8M, aKH-
JlMH H r.n.) . This fOn!ign company deilis ill silk goods.
o 3Ta HHOCTpaHHaA 1C0MnaHVlA 3aHVlMaeTCSI TOprOBl1eM
H3.neI1HAMH H3 wel!Ka.
deal sth out
1 (v n adv) pa3J1aBaTb, pacnpe.nel!ATb "TO-II. . Santa
Claus has come to you 10 deal oul gifts. 0 CaHTa Knaye 
npHWel1 K &aM, 'IT06b1 pa3.Q.aTb nOAaPICH. ...
2 () OCYU4ecTBI1RTb, npHMeHATb 'ITO-II. (8 lCa-
arecTse a.QMHHHcrpaTH8HblX, IOpl11lH'IeCICHX 1f.Qp. Mep)
. Father knows how ItJ deal oul punishment to his chi/-

412
..
dren.. <> OTeL4 3HaeT, KalCoe Onpe.o.enMTb HaKa3aHMe
C80MM .o.eTIIM.
die out
(v adv) BblMMpaTb, Me3aTb. We an? afraid that theae
ran? animals will soon dU out. <> Mbi onacaeMCSI, ono
3TM pellKMe Jl{MBOTIfblE! CICOpo BblMPVT.
dig (sb/sth) in (sth)
1 (v n pr, v n adv) BOH3aTb "To-n. (HO"'. BHnKY H T.n.)
IC}'Aa-n. . Try 10 dig Ihe hook in the log alld kup it fan. .
<> nOCTapaHCSI 80TlCHyTb l5arop B OpeBHO M y.o.epJlC3.T1o
era. . You should have a fork in your left halld alld knife
in the righl; then, to stare eatingfish, dig the fork bt an4
cuI it into small pieces. <> Bbll10nJl{Hbi .o.epJlC3.Tb BMnlCY.
ne80M PYKe, HO)IC B npaBo"; 3aTeM, 'fTOObi Ha..aTb r:y-
waTb pblOy, BOH3e BMnlC}' B Pbll5y M paape3aHTe ee Ita
MenK14e IC}'C0'4KM.
2 (v n adv, v adv) BoeH. pblTb OKon MIIM TpaHwelO ,Q1IA
lCoro-n./..ero-n.; OKanbieaTbCfI . At his command 1M
soldiers slopped digging (themselves) in. 0 no ero JCOo
MaH,O,e con,o,aTbl npelCpaT14n14 OKanbieaTbCfI.
dig (sth) In 1 Into sth (HMeeTCR nJ
1 (v n adv. v n pr) 3aKanbieaTb 'iTo-n. B n0'4ey (MeeH
H/lH C8JKafl); CMeWMeaTb "To-n. C n0'4BOH . Dig Ih 
chemicals into the soil to get a good harvest. <> r06
nOIlY"MTb XOPOWMH ypoJKaH, CMewaHTe 3TM y.o.OOpeH
C OO"80H. . Today K'e '11 go to the road and dig th
small tn?e{ in along it. <> CeraJlHR Mbi noH.AeM K . .
M 6yneM B.AOnb Hera caJKaTb 3TH ManeHbKMe l1epeBWI.

413
2 (v adv, v pr) pa:JI: )I(8.QHO npttCTynaTb IC SAe; tta-
6paCblBa Ha mlU4Y . Please, without any ceremony,
dig in (or: ...dig into the meal). () nOJICanyMCTa, 6e3
peMO+iIllH, nplilcrynaHTB IC B.I1e.  dille ;,,/;,.to
. a dig-In
en] n110THaSI e.Q,a, OCHOBaTel1bHaR 3aKyCKa . Have a
good dig-;n! () nplilcrynaiirTe, Ha 3.110POBbe. K e.l1s!
dig 5b 15th out I out of sth (v n adv, v n pr)
1 OKanblBaTb, BblKaf1b1BaTb 1C0rO-I1'/..TO-I1.. M3B1leKaTb
Koro-n./'fTO-n. (OTK)'.Q,a-n.) . The doctor carefully dIIg
the bullet out (of his patient s shoulder). 0 AOKTop oc-
TOpoJICHO 1113B1lelC nymo (1113 nl1e'fa 60nbHoro). . The res-
cue-party dug victims of the earthquaJce Ollt (of the de-
bris). () OrpR,l1 cnacaTel1eA ....38IIeKa11 *epTBbl 3eMne-
yPSICeHIIIA (....3-no.l1 pa3san....H).
2 pa3r. lI.OlCona .110 ..ero-n.; oncanblBaTb, AoI5b1BaTb
KaKYIO-n. ....H<J>oPM<lIO. KaI<)'IO-n. BelUb (nocne Tu,a-
TenbHbIX noMCKOS) . Anyway. / musl dig the t11lth Ollt of
them. () SI Bee paBHO .I10ltJlCeH .I10KOnaTbCSI .110 ....CT....HbI Y
HIIIX. . How did you manage 10 dig an ancient clock out
(of Ihis 11Ibbish)? 0 KaK Te6e Y.Q,a./1OCb OTKonaTb CTa-
J)MHHble 'faCbI (B 3TOM X11aMe)?
dive in 1 Into 5th (v adv, v pr)
1 HblpRTb (KY.Q,a-I1.) . Here is deep enough to dille in (or:
... to dil1e into the river). () 3.11eCb .I1ocraT0'4HO my(iolCO, 
'fToI5b1 HblpSlTb (B pel<)'). 
2 pa3r. Ha(5paCblBaTbCA C 6011bW1IIM >KenaHllleM, p....-
HYJ'bCSI, HaICI/IlI.blBaTbCSI (Ha e.l1Y, B .QpaKY, 8 cnop III T.n.),
yxO.l1....Tb C r0l10BOH, norpy>KaTbCSI (8 pa6ory, B .I1eno III
T.n.) . I couldn 'I help divilrg ;11 (or: ... diving into Ihe

414
--
a'1{Umenl) when J saw quarrelling people. 0 SI He Mor
YAepJKaTbCS'l. TOObi He BBil3aTbC1I (B cnop), 1C0rA3 A
YBMAel1 CCOPACA I1IOAeM. . I like 10 walch Ihem dive
in (or: ... dive inlo the meal) when they are hungry.
o MHB HpaBMTCA Ha6nlOAaTb 3a HMM..., I(3IC OH'" HaOpa-
CblBaIOTCA Ha BAY, KorA3 ronOAHbI. =:> dig in/into
dive Into 8th
(v pr) pa3r. HbiPHYTb. wMblrHYTb KY.o.a-n.: ClCpbITbCSI r.u,e-n.
. Children dived into the garden 10 be hidden Ihere.
o JJerM npoWMblrHYn... B ca.a.. 'fTo6b1 CnpSlTaTbCA TaM.
do sb In
Iv n adv) (J83r. y6MBaTb Koro-n. . They dUI him in while
he was coming oul of hi.f enlrance. 0 OHM y6MnM era B 10
BpeMA, KaIC OH BblXOAW\ 1013 cBoero noAbe3D,a.
do 8th out
(v n adv) [HMeerCfl nJ (J83'. y6MpaTb KaKoe-n. nOMEl
lLIeHMe, npM6paTb rAe-n.; MCTIIITb To-n. ly.aaneHHeM
rpR3H HflH npep,MeTOB) . I found your ear-rings when
dUI Ihe room Dill. 0 SI HaWl1a TBO" cepeJKKIII, KOr;o.a
npl16Mpana B 1C0MHare. . Do 0111 your desk drawer.
there are a lot of needle.u Ihings. 0 Pa36epM B AKe
cBoero crona, TaM nonHo HeHYJKHbIX BelLleM.  cle_
Dill, clear 0111
cdolng-out
[nJ (O)Mcnca (SH}7peHH6ro npocrpaHCTsa): y60pICS
(nOM6lijeHHIl) . Your de.fk drawer needs an evidenl
doing-ollt. 0 SlILIIilIC TBoero cmna ABHO HYJK,AaBTCSI .
'fMCTKe.

415
.,. sb out of sth
(v n pr) (Hue6TC11 inv] ptl3r. BblM3HM83Tb y lCorO-II. '1TO-n.
(MOWeHHH't9CTSOM, JCHTpOCTbIO H T.n.); I1MWMTb Koro-n.
'lerO-II.; OCTaBKTb Koro-n. 0e3 '1ero-n. (s pe3ynbTBTe
HefjpeJICHOCTH. xanElrHOCTH H T.n.) . MMM did me out
Df my molle)'. 0 <J)MPM8 MMM IIMWH11a MeHfI MOMX 1J.e-
Her. . II S unjQir 10 do your friend 0111 of meeting wilh
such a nice girl. 0 31"0 Hecnpase.o.nMso I1MWMTb cBoero
IJP'Ira B03MOJl(HOC-rn BCrpe-rnTbCSI C T8KOii't npMATHoii't
,AeSYWICOH.
- outdo
(v) npeB30HTM, npeo,Q,011eTb
. rag sb I sth In 1 Into sth (v n adv, v n pr) pa3r.
1 npKTRrM83Tb '1TO-II. (aPf'YM8HT, ,QOBO,Q H 1.n., He
OTHOCRUleeCSl K TeMe); Ha3OHnMBO BCTaBl1RTb '1To-n. (8
t5eceay H 1.n.) . Every lime Ilalk 10 him, he drags an
annoying subject in (or: on subject into our conversa-
lion). 0 1<a.Jlc./J.blii't P83, 1C0rM R C HMM pa3rOBapMBaIO, OH
nepeXO.Q.MT Ha HenpMRTHYIO TeM}'.
2 STSlrM83Tb, BOBJIelCaTb (ie3 HY*J1bIICOrO-I1. (80 '1TO-n.)
. You spoiled our plearure when dragged him ;11 (or: ...
him into Ihe sollision). 0 1b1 MCnop-rnn HaM y,Q,OBOllb-
CTBMe, 1C0r.aa SOBI1eK ero (B croBOp).
 (sth) out
(vadv, v n adv) yroMMTenbHO paCTSlrMBaTb, 3aTRrMBaTb
'fTO-II. (SCTpe'ly. co6paHHe H 1.n.); 3aTSlrM83TbCi'1, TfI- _
tfYTbCSI.o.Ol1ro . They usually drag oUi meeting with use-
less questions. 0 OHM o!5b1'1HO 3aTflrMBaIOT coOpaHMB
6ecnone3HblMM BonpocaMM. . Our discussion is drag-
."g out. 0 Hawe o6cy)K,D,eHMe 3aTRrMBaerCfI.

416
III
draw in
Iv adv) COKP8l11oaTbCSl. y",eHbW8TbCS1, CTaHOBHTbCSI KO-
pO'fe (OJVMX, 0 CMTnOM epeMeHH cyrOK) tit's a piry
the days art! drawillg ill oguin. 0 )Kanb, "TO l!.HH CHoaa
YMeHbW8IOTC1'.  close in, draw Ollt
draw (sb) In/into sth
1 (v adv. v pr) nOAXOAHTb, nOAbE!3JKaTb (K 'feMy-n.),
npM6b1BaTb (8 KaKOH-n. nyHKT: CTaH\.p.tIO, OCTaHOBKY)
(06b1HO 0 noeaae, 8ST06yce HnH MBWHHe) <.anA
CTpyKTypbl (v adv) 'i3CTO C nocIlI!AYM npe.allOrOM to»
. Whl' is this train drawing In (or: ... drllwillg into Ihe
stalion) ahead of schedule? 0 nO'feMY 3TOT noe3A npH-
6b1SaeT (H8 CT8HMIO) paHbwe npeAYCMOTpeHHoro
8peMeHH? = draw out I oul of
2 Iv n adv, v n pi) 8TRrMBaTb, S08J1eKaTb, npM8J1eK8Tb
1C0ro-n. (80 ..TO-I1.) t I am afraid they hove drawn my
son ;n (or: .n son into Ihat event). 0 6olOCb, OHM 8TRHY11H
Moero CblHa (B 3ry MCTOpMIO).
draw (sb) out
1 (v n 8dv) nOMO'Ib 1C0MY-I1. npeoAoneTb 38CTeH'iM-
BOCTb, ClCOBaHHOCTb; BbiBeeTH lCoro-n. 1013 COCTORHMI1
CAep)l(8HHOCTM . She can easi(v draw people OUI. OOHa
nerKO paCICOBbiBaeT nlOAeH. =:> bring out
2 (v adv) CT8HOBHTbCSI lIJIHHHee, AonbWe (0 JVMX, 0
csernOM speMeHH CyrOIC) t I can 'I wait till the days
draw Oul again. 0 He MOry AO*J13TbCSI, 1C0r.na l!.HH CHOBa
6YAYT YBem1'iHBaTbCA. = draw in
draw (sth) out/ out of sb/sth
1 (v n adv, v n pr) BbiTaCKHB8Tb. BblHHM8Tb, M3BneICaTb

417
'fTo-n. (K3 'fero-n.) . He opened Ihe dresser and drew
two plales oUl (of II). 0 OH OTl(pbln Wka4! 101 BblHyn (OT-
1Y) lJJJe TapenKH.  gel Ollt/Olll of, I. oUlloul of
2 (v n 8dv, v n pr) KOIof. OpaTb. CHHMaTb AeHbfH (1013
6aHka, C TetCywero C'teT8 101 T.n.) . AI the end of monlh
/'II draw some moneyoUl (of the bank) and lend them 10
you. 0 B 1C0HLle MeCSlL13 R B03bM)' HeMHoro AeHer B
6aHlCe 101 ASM TaOe HX B3aHMbI.
3 (v n adv, v n pr) BblnlrHBaTb, BblnblTbiBaTb. BblBe,Abl-
88Tb ClTo-n. (V 1C0ro-n.); y3HaBaTb 'ITo-n. (OT Koro-n.)
(nPHnO)/(HB onpe,QeneHHble YCMl1H11JV1St 3TorO) «BMeCTO
npewtOr8 out of 803MOJCHO Mcnonb30e8HM8 from» . I can 'I
lIraw Ihe trulh oul (of him). 0 S1 He MOry BblBeA8Tb
npaBAV (V Hero). => drilW from
4 (v adv, v pr) OTnpas.nR, OTXOAMTb. OTb83JKaTb
(OTKYAS-n.) (0 noe3,Qe, 8BT06yce. M8WHHe H T.n.)
. Why is this train drawing 0111 (of this stalion) so Iale?
. 0 nO'ieMy 3TOT noe3A OTXOAHT (OT 3ToH CTaHI,4MH) TalC
OO3AH0? => draw ;1I/inIO
nk sth In
(v n adv) BC11)'WHBaTbCR BHMMaTenbHO BO 'fTo-n., JKa,AHO
BOHTbIBaTb 'fTo-n. ('1bM-n. cnosa MIl" f(QeH, HHt/JOp-
I18LlHIO H T.n.). Reading English booles I drink Ihe pic-
turesqueness of Ihe language ;11. 0 HTaR 8HmMHCKMe
ICHMrH, R *a.t1H0 BnMTblBaIO ICOnopHTHOCTb R3blKa.
e (5th) In 1 Into 5th [HM66 T G1I n) l1li
(v n adv, v n pro v adv. v pr) BBOAHTb. BrOHRTb. aarOHRTb
'fTo-n. (KY-n.. BO 'fTo-n.); Bbe3JK8Tb (KYA8-n., BO
'fTo-n.) . My garage is under the house, you can drive
B. r. Cro.1RP

418
(your car) in (or: ... drive illto it). 0 MOM rapaJlt Ha.
XOAMTCR noD. D.OMOM. TbI MQ)I(eWb BbeX8Tb B Hero (Hn":
... 3arH8Tb C8010 MaWMHY 1)'AQ).
D driv".ln
(n) peCT0p8H. IC"HDTearp, 6aHIC ..n.. ueplCoBb, nPMcno-
co6neHHble cneLIMaJ1bHO AJ1A aBToMofiW1MCTOB (eAY
nO.Q8IOT npAMO 8 88TOM06HnH. tl>HnbM CMOTprfT H3
aSTOM06H/1fI H 1: n. ) . You can find in this street fO$t-food
restaurants and the drM-i" bank. 0 Bioi H8MeT8 H8
3ToM ynMue 3atcyCO'IHbl8 M OaHIC AJ1A aBToM06l4nMCTOB.
· drive sb Into a corner
(v n pr) 3arOHATb 1C0ro-n. Byron; nOCTaBMTb lCoro-n. B
0e3BblXO.D)iOe nono*eH..e . Her words drove me iIIlo a
comer and I owned up. 0 Ee cnoea 3arH811M MeHA B
yron, M A npM3H8l1CA BO BeeM.
drive sb 15th out I out of sth [HMeeTCIJ inv]
(v n adv. v n pr) BblrOHATb, BbIl1BOpATb lCoro-n./'fTO-n.
(OTKyAQ-n.). Theyfought a war a/liberation and druve
invaders out (of the country). 0 OHM BenM OC80fio-
TenbHYIO BOMHY .. nporH811M OJ<Kyf1aHTOB ("3 CTpaHbI)
. prov Hunger drives the wolf out of the wood. 0 nocno
ronoD. He Tena.
- outdrive
(v] ofirOHATb
..... drop (sth) In I into 5th [HMeeTCIJ adj)
 1 (v adv) naAaTb. npoeanMBaTbC . The roof of the
building dropped in after such a heavy rain. 0 nocne
TalCoro nponMBHoro D.o KPblUJa 3AQHMA npoeanM-
naCb.

419
2 (v adv. v pr) ptJ3T. 33XOJlHTb. 33()eraTb. 33rl1RAblBatb
MI.\MOXOAOM (KY.a3-II.) . Lel:S drop In (or: .., drop into
II'I! pllb) for some drink. 0 l1aBa.:1 33.:1AeM (B rlHBHYIO)
Bblrll.\tb "I.\Ba
" drop-in
[add noc1ynHblH, OTKPblThI.:1 (06 Y"PO)f(AOIIHAX co
CB06o.nHblM 8XO,lIOM IV'R HaCeneHHIJ) . Ollr "'",n I,a a
dTllp-ill center wh..rr: vou can ga .wmt' hdp wIth .'ollr
problem. 0 B HBWCM roPOne ecTb OTICpblTblI.\ lIeHTp, B
KOTOpoM Tbi MO)l(eWb OOIlY'\HTb OOMOWb 8 CBOI.\)( "PO-
01leM3x.
3 (v " B<Jv. v " pr) BII;I11O'1aTb 'ITO-n. (B P9'lb, ""CbMo)
(3HaMeHHTble HMeHa. cl>pa3b1; CICOpee He6pe)f(HO, MH-
MOXQQOM, IIenpe,aH8MepeHHO) . Ife Itk(!S 10 drup JII.
fU\'iIllnte pro,'erb in (or: ... provtrb ;nln am' COIM!TfU-
lIOn). 0 EMY HpaUl.\tCR HCOOllb30B8Tb C8010 1II00HMYlO
nOrOBOPKY (B 1II000M p33rOBOpe).
dry (sth) out
(v adv. v n adv) BbiCYWI1TbCR COBceM; BbiCYWHTb.
I.\CcywHtb'lTO-II. . 7111\ hol .{/Immer dr;ed Ihe IOfld out
o 310 JKapKoe lIeTO COBceM HCcyWH1IO 38MlllO. . /lope
my cloth.s wi/l dry oul soon. 0 Ha.nelOCb. MOR one)1(A3
CKOpo BbiCOXIlOT.
ease sb out lout of sth
(v n adv, v n pr) npl1Hy)I(A3Tb 1C0ro-n. OCT8eHTb CHOIO
nOml(HOCTb (nocrene"IIo H II038Mor"o); BbI)I(l1BaTb
1C0rO-II. (c KalCorO-II. nOCTa, .I10n)l(HOCTit 1.\ T.n.);
cnpoB3JU1Tb 1C0rO-II. (non 6narOBHJ"blM npe/VlOrOM)
. ("Of,'1 .wm ,m 1..r.Wntl Ihul YfIur ""IS.\ trie.f /0 ea.W! "ou
OUI {of lire post} 10 makt wm' lor 'liS son? 0 Tlol 'ITO, He
14"

420
nOHMMaeWb, 'ITO T80M 60cc CTaP38TCA BbIXMTb Te6A (C
TBoeM AOIDCHOCTM), 'fT06b1 OCB06oAMTb MecTO DJ1R
CBOerO CblHa?
..
eat In
(v adv) nMTan,CSI, CTOnoBaTbCR AOMa . 1 wou/dn 't like
to etll in tonight. 0 MHe Obi He XOTeJ1OCb cerOlJ,HR
Be<fepoM eCTb AQMa.  elll out
eat Into sb I 5th (v pr)
1 pa:n.elJ,aTb, paapywaTb'lTO-II. (noBepxHOCTb MeT8II-
na, Aepesa '" T.n.) . 1 am afraid that rust will elll illto
this part. 0 60t0cb, 'fT0 pJKaINMHa pa:n.ecT 3TY AeT311b.
2 rpaTMTb. HCnollb30BaTb, noTpeOIlRTb, ClJ,aTb 3Ha-
'1MTellbHYIO 'faCTb '1erO-II. (38nacos, Cpe,lICrB) . This
unexpected inflation ate into all my savings. 0 am
HeOJkMlJ,aHHaR MJi$rn:U-'MA CbeI1a see MOM cOepe*eHMA.
3 SpeJU'lTb '1eMY-II. (OpOSblO lot T.n.); p33'belJ,aTb,
P83PywaTb; nOATa'lMB3Tb '1be-lI. 3AOpoBbe, AYX, co-
3HaHMe M T.n. . Thi.f damp climate will eat into his
health. 0 3TOT CblpoM K11MMaT noATO'lMT ero 3AOpoBbe.
eat out
(vadv) nMra.-bCA rAe-II. SHe AOMa (8 pecTopaHe, 8 Ka4>8
H T.n.) . Why not eat Ollt tonight? 1 am bored with cook-
ing. 0 nO'leMY Obi CerOlJ,HR Be<fepOM He noi'iTM KYAB-
HMOYAb noeCTb? MHe HalJ,oeno rOTOBMTb.  eat In
· eat one's heart out
() CTpaA,aTb, MMTbCSI, ropeBaTb, He HaxOJU'lTtr
ce6e nOKOR . Since my departure my dear mother has
been eating her hell11 0111. 0 C MOMeHTa Moero OTDe3AB
MOfI AoporaA MaMa He HaxOA"'T ce6e nOICOA.

421
5th In 5th I into 5th
Cv n pr) SnMCblBaTb, SHOCIIITb. 38HOCMTb "To-n. ("MI.
Jl,BHHble, 6sHKOBC1CJf6 onepa " T.n.) so ..ro-n. (8
cnHCIC". BAOKyMeHT" T.n.) _ Didn', youforgellO "'r
my name;" (or: no name into) Ihe lisl? 0 Bbi He aa6b111M
saperncrp"poBaTb ...eHR?
Into sth (v pr)
1 ptJ.3r. npe.Dl1p..HMt.t8Tb, MHaTb 'fTo-n.; SXOlJ,MTb,
IICTYnaTb so "To-n. (sAeno, B y, B OTHOWeHHfI"
r.n.) _ His habil of ntring ;lIto someone S conversa-
lion will leI him down one day. 0 npMSbI'fKa J!C1'yf1aTb B
....o-n..60 6ece.Q.y OAHa*Abl no.ABeAeT ero.
2 o4»fq. IU13B8TbCS1. BHMKaTb so 'fTC-n.; M3Y't3Tb 'fTC-n.,
f1POH"'JCHYTbCR ..e....n. - Before coming 10 conclusion
PJu should nle' ;nto alllhe chanas. 0 nPE!*,Ae 'Ie'"
. npMMTM k BblBOAY, Bbi AOrolCHbi npoAYM3Th Bee "MaIO-
U&l4ecs1 B03MOXHOCTM.
S OOCTaBJ1RTb ..acTb 'fero-n.; BXO.D.MTb so 'ITo-n. co-
. CT3BHofl 'tacTbIO . He couldn  do il becarue he is a
, cowan:l. - Cowan:lice doesn 'I DII' into il. 0 OH He
CMOr 3TOro CAenaTb, TaK KaICOH TJ>YC - TpyCOCTb3,AeCb
. . He npM 'teM.
... sb/sth out
(v n adv) (ffMeeJCII inv] He MCnyraTbCR ICQro-n./'fer-o-n.;
cueno CMOTpeTb B nMUO lCo..-y-n./'fe..-y-n. . We are sure ......
Ite 'II fllC the danger 0111. 0 Mbi ysepettbl - OH CMeno ...
. 6vD,ElT CMQTpeTb onaCHOCTM B flMUO. tin spile of every-
llting she fllCd Ihal rogue 0111. 0 Hec...OTPR H" H3 'ITO
0Ha He APOfHY113 nepep, Te... HerOARBM.

422
.
-outface
[v] 6pocaTb Bbl30B; AClBaTb pe3ICMM omop
fade 5th in
(v n adv) [HMeeTCli n] nOCTeneHHO YCMnMBaTb, ywaTb
'1TO-n. (3BYK, HMOCTb, RpKOCTb H T.n.) . When J !;tart
singing, you shouldfalle the music in. 0 KorAa R Ha'iHY
neTb, TblI10mKeH nOBblCMTb rpoMKOCTb MyJblICM. :::> falk
out, fllde up
o fade-In
[n) nOCTeneHHoe YCMneHMe 3ByKa . When J start
singing. you .should p,m'ide some fade-in. 0 Kor.na R Ha-
"IHY neTb, TblI10nJICeH 06ecne"ll1Tb HeKOTOpoe yCMlleHM6
3BYIC3.
fade (5th) out
(vadv, v n adv) [HI,feeTCII n] nOCTeneHHO ocnal5eBaTb,
YMeHbWaTbCR, y6b1BaTb; l1enaTb '1To-n. MeHee CMllb-
HblM, ocna6nRTb, YMeHbwaTb (0 3BYKe. BH.Q.HMOCrH,
o6pa3e H T.n.) . A fami(,' conflict became a reason of
fllding his public image out. 0 CeMeMHblM KOH4InMKT
nocnYJlCMn npM"IMHOM n8AeHMR ero 06eCTBeHHoA
penyraW1lo1. . Why is your radio fading out? 0 nO'IeMy
TBoe P8AMO 3aTHXaeT? :::> fade in
o fade-out
[n) nOCTeneHHoe 3aTyxaHlo1e 3BYKa . As a rule, if J want
to watch a football match. there it,. some fade-out. 0 KaK
npaBMno, ecnlo1 R XO'lY nOCMOTpeTb 4Iyr6on, OI5R3a-
TenbHO '1TO-TO co 3BYICOM.
fall I" (5th)
1 (v adv) PYWIo1Tb, 06BaJ1HTbCSI . After a night:s hur-

423
ricane the shed fell in. 0 nocne HO'IHOrO ypar8H8 HaBeC
OOB8J\WICSI.
2 (v pr) CT8Tb xyJKe no '1beMy-n. MHSHHIO. ynacTb 8
'1bMx-n. r/1a38X, noTepRTb'lbe-n. pacnono)l(eHHe . He
let me down and therefore he fell in my eyes. 0 OH nOA-
Ben MeHR M nOSTOMY ynaJI 8 MOMX rna3aX.
· fall In love (with sb)
(v pr) S/1IOOMTbCR 8 KorO-I1. . First time J feU in love
(wilh some little girl) when I was at kindergarten.
o Bnspeble R S11I00MI1CR (8 KaKYIO-TO l1eSO'l!cy), lCorAa
6b111 S l1eTCKOM ca.o.y.  fall for
fall In with sb I sth (v adv pr)
1 CTonlCHyTbCR. SCTpeTHTbCR C KeM-n. . We went bade
home and fell in with a gang of hooligans. 0 Mbi 803-
Ilpal14il11MCb .nOMoi'! .. HaTo11KHyn..Cb H8 6aHAY xynHra-
H08.
2 nOlUJ,epJlC8Tb Koro-n./'fTo-n. ('1blO-n. elO, nf)eAflO-
JlCBHH8 H T.n.); cornaC"TbCR C'IBM-n. . J fell ill with him
with pleasure. 0 fI C Yl1080nbCTBMeM nOlUJ,epJKa/1 ero
nP8l1/10)l(eH..e.
.... into sth (v pr)
1 .nenMTbCR Ha KaICMe-n. '1aCTM; co.nep)l(8Tb 8 cerie
onpe.neneHHble KOMnOHeHTbI . His dictionary flllis into
14 subject sectiollS. 0 Ero cnOsapb co.nepm1T 14 TeM8-
TM'!eCKJoIX CeKW'I£t _
2 BHeaanHO 8naJ:1,aTb 8 KaKOe-n. COCTORHMe (RpocTb. IfJ
lJenpeccHIO. «OMY H T.n.) . After this movement of the -
hypnotist s hands she fell inlo a 'ranee. 0 nocne 3Toro
ABMJKeHMR PYK rMnHOTlll3epa OH8 8nana 8 TpaHC.  go
brio

424
fall (sb) out
1 (vadv) 04Hfu. CJ1y'i3"fbC1:1, npoMCXOAMTb, 0K33b1ea.
n011Y'43T . I am afraid all this will fall 0111 for the
worst. 0 60lOCb, 'fTO Bce 3TO npHBeAeT K caMOa.cy
XYAWeMY. . It fell Ollt that two friends came to me allhe
same time. 0 CITy'fHI1OCb TaK, 'ITO ABa APYfa npMwnH KO
MHe O,aHOBpeMeHHO.
2 (v adv. v n adv) BOeH. paexo, BblXOllKTb H3
CTposI: pacnycK8Tb 1C0ro-n, . The .tergeant lold the sol-
diers to fall 0111 (or: ... sergeanl feU Ihe soldiers 0111).
o CepHT BEmen COnAaT8M pa3OCb. . prov The
falling Ollt of lovers is the renet1ling of love. 0 nocno MM-
nble (5paHRTCSI - TonbKO TewaTCSI'
fall out lout of sth
(vadv, v pr) BbIT\aA8Tb (on:y,o,a-n.). When I came home
I found oul that my key has fallen 0111 (of my pockel)
somewhere. 0 Korna R np.twen AOMOM, R otiHapy1KHJ1.
'fTO MQQ KllIO'I me-TO Bblnan (M3 K8PMaHa).
· fall out of love (with sb)
(v pr) pa3I1lO(5HTb (Koro-n.), pa3y8epHT (8 KOM-n.)
. Gradually I was falling olll of low wilh my friends,
o nOCTeneHHO R TepR11 Bepy B MOM)( APY3eM.
feel sb I sth out
III
(v n adv) npoU4ynblBaTb Koro-n./'fTO-n.: BbI8e.o.blBaTb.
pa3Y3HaBaTb y 1C0ro-n. (0 em H8crpoeHHH, MHeHHH)
. Did you feellhe situation Ollt - what scheme do I
outline? 0 Bbi npoU4ynanH n()<lBy - KaKYIO exeM)' 0
HaMe'l8lOT? . Try to feel the boss 0111 on hi.t decision.
o nOcTapaHcR BblBe.o.aTb y Ha<lanbHHK8 ero peweHHe.

425
.. feel out of it /things
(v pr) P8sr. C03HaBaTb, OlttYUlaTb ce6S! HeH}')ICHb/M,
JlMWHIIIM (8 KOMnaHHH. 8 6ece.o.e, 8 .o.esnenbHOCTH H
.Ton.). When they talk about girls J/eloulo/iJ. 0 KOf,Q,a
.OHM rOBopsn 0 ,o.eBO'iKaX. S! 'IYBCT8ylO Ce6f111I11WHIIIM.
. hi sth out
, tv n aclv) ["MeeTeR invJ CT'peMIIITbCS! IC COmaD11O no
dKOMy-n. BOnpocy; cTapaTbCS! YllaAlIITb, pa3peWMTb
. . '"0-11. (nyTeM cnopa, 6opw&I H T.n.) . State Duma
ght this problem 0111 for whole do)' but still did not
come to a deci.fion. 0 rOcy,o.apcTBeHHafl J].YMa cnoplllJla
no 310M npo6neMe Uenb/M ,o.eHb, HO Bce eUle He nplll-
"1W18 K peweHiollO.
- .... outfight
. M nOOOJKD,aTb (8 60/0, B.o.paKe)
· fight It out
. (v n adv) pay. 60poTbcS! ,0.0 n06e,o.Horo, ,o.06MTbCS!
bI . The main rule for YOIl - J'01I should fight it
tHIl. 0 rllaBHoe npaBlilIlO AIlS! Ta6A - 6opoTbCR ,0.0
no&!.o.Horo ICOH.
re In sth
.-tv pr) 4IlIIrypMpoeaTb, Y'IaCTBOBaTb B 'IeM-Il. . My
, andmother often figures in my dreams. 0 MOA 6a-
I Ka ..aCTO nOS!BI1S!eTCS! B MOIII)( CHax.
. --,e sb/sth out (v n adv) _
.,1 nC"lIIrbiBaTb, Bb/'IIIICI1RTb 'fl"0-11. . Just a moment, 1
only to figure out how much to spend. 0 MIilHYTO"KY,
Ha,o.O TonblCO no,o.C..IIITaTb - CICOl1bKO nplll,o.eTCS!
8TMTb.  work oul

426
I
2 BbiACHATb 'ITO-n.: nOHATb, nOCTHrHYTb Koro-n'/'ITO-n.
. Die/fOU l!\(!r figure him (lilt? 0 Tbi ero paC"YCMn?
fill (5Ih) In
1 (v n adv) BnMCblDaTb 'ITO-n.: 38nonHATb 6nallIC, $OPMY
KaKHMH-n. A3HHblMH . Firsl you should filllills form in
Imd Ihell com 10 me. 0 CH8'!aJ18 38nOntlHTe 31)' $OpMY.
a 38TeM nOAoi1;J.HT8 KO MHe.  fill I)ul
2 (v n adv) 38nonllATb, 38ABnblB8Tb, 38TblKaTb 'ITO-n.
. Ht look som Ct'mOIl mix olld ilft'd in allihe cracks.
o OH B3An HeMHOro ueMeHTHoH MaCCbl H 3a118Ta11 Bee
TpeutHlibi.
3 (v n adv) pa3T_ CHa6JKaTb Koro-n. nocneAHeM HH-
tJjopMa.tHBH "':..aCTo C nOC1l811y>OU414M npeA/loro,," on..
. E\er}' tla.!' sh fills nil' in Oil ,he falesl n?sulu. 0 Ka:.;-
AblH A8Hb OHa MHtJjopMHpyeT MeHA 0 nocneAHloIx pe.
3ynbTaTax
4 (v adv) 38MelU8Tb, 38MeHATb, pa60TaTb BpeMeHHo
(OMecTO Koro-n.) .....aCTO c no<:nell}'lOlLl,''"' npen,noro,", for;'
. I (J.fked 1m' Il14sbamllo fill in {or nIe 01 ,he pOn?tIIS
meeling. 0 SI nonl>OCMn8 MYJK8 nOCIolA01b 38 MmlA Ha
poAIoITcnbCKOM CoopaHHH. :: sland ill
· fill In time
() 38nomlATb upeMA; TpaTKTb, y15MB8Tb CS060A-
lloe UpeMA . Ife had olle hour befon? Ihe film mid filld
in lim(' pltlJinf!, Iliffin?tII games. 0 llo tJjHnbM8 y tl3C 6b1l1
ucnblM 'lac, H Mbi 33nonHloInH epeMA, MrpaA B pa3HblC
Hrpbl.
fill (5th) out
1 (v n adv) 38HOCHTb !C81C1o!e-n. AaHHbI8; 38nonHATb
'ITO-n (am:el)', CPOPMY H r.n.) . fjr.;I)Y>11 _.h, Illdfilllhl_


427
fonn out and Ihen come 10 me. 0 CHaaJla 33nonHHTe
3T)' $>pMY, a 33TeM nOAOHJ1I4Te ICO MHe. :J j1JJ in
2 (v adv) TonCTeTb, nonpa8l1TbC . Look al her. Ihe
cheeks began jiI/ing out. 0 nOCMOTpHTe Ha Hee - U48<j-
!eM CTanH oKpyrnA'Tbal.
find (sb/sth) out
1 (v ad\', v adv n ) paay3HaBaTb, BbiACHATb ('iTO-n.)
. I will find out (al/) aboul him. 0 51 (Bee) 0 HeM
pa3)'3HalO.
2 () 06HaPY'KHTb'iTO-n. (owH6Ky. nponBJKY H
Ton.); paCICPblTb, pa3ra,aaTb 'iTO-n. (TaMHY, o(jMaH H T.n.)
. J have losl money and my wife didn'l find Ollt Ihe
trulh. 0 51 nOTepslJ1 AeHbrH, H MOfi )KeHa He Y3HaJla
npaBAbi.
3 (Jl...ll..ady) pa306na'iHTb Koro-n., paCKPblTb ..e-n. 06-
MSH: ynH'iHTb lCoro-n. (80 J1}/(H H T.n.) . I chealed my
. girlfriend bul soon she fOllnd me out. 0 51 oOMaHyn CBOIO
. .aeayWK}', HO OM BCICOpe paCKpbllla MO 06MaH.
sb I sth in I into sth
1 (v n ad\'. v n pr) npHrOHATb, nONOHRTb, npMcno.
ca6nHBaTb TO-n. (IC KaKOMY-n. MeCT)') . I can 'I find
place for mJ' car 10 jiJ il in (or: ... il into Ihe general pic-
ture). 0 He MOry HaHTH MeCTa AJ'IR cBoeH MaWHHbI,
'fI'OObi OHa XopoWO BnHCblBa11aCb (B 06U4YIO KapTHHY).
2 (v n adv, v n pr) HaxOJ1l4Tb KalCoe-n. BpeMR AlIA ICO-
ro-n.; BCTaBHTb, BTMCttyTb llononHHTenbHo Koro-n. (B .-
pacnHcaHHe, B cnHCOK H T.n.) . The doctor promised 10
jII you in (or: ... you into his lisl). 0 ,l!,OICTOP 06eauan
TH AmI TeOA BpeMA (HI1H: ... 06eauan BCTaOHTb Te6A
8 COHCOIC).

428
3 (v adv, v pr) COOTBeTCTBOBaTb. noAXOAMTb (..eMy-I1.
. 1 am afraid my holiday will nOI fit in wilh yours (or
... fil into your.). 0 6olOCb, "TO MOM omyCK He COBrtaA8T
C TBO....M.
fit sb I sth out
(v n adv) (HMeeTC!I inv] CHa6JKaTb, 06eCne<t....BaTb, 3KM
nl4poBaTb lCorO-I1./"TO-I1. . Today we are 10 fit our elas
Ollt for a walking-lour. <> CerOAHSI HaM npe,o,cTO
CHa6A14Tb Haw IU13CC BCeM He06xOAI4MblM ,IV'IR TYPM-
CTIII..eclCoro noxo,o,a.
- outfit
[v) CHaPR*aTb,31CI4n....poBaTb; 06MYHAMPOBaTb
[n] CHaPR>KeH"e, 3K14mllpoBKa; 060pyAOBaHMe
fold sth in 1 Into 5th
(v n adv. v n pr) KYn. CMeWI4BaTb "TO-II. C rOTOBoA
Macco; Ao6aBIIRTb "TO-II. (8 rOTOByIO Macey, TeCTO M
T.n.) . Now. prepare flour and fold two eggs in (or: . .
into il). <> .[].arIee npMroToBb M'JK'I " Ao6aBb B Hee ABa
R"'.
freeze sb out
(v n adv) paar. BblrOHRTb, BbVK14BaTb. 8b1TeCHRTb 1C0rO-II.;
1113t5a811RTbCR OT 1C0rO-I1. (KOHKypeHT8, Ha,aoe,anHSOro
co6eceAHHKa H r:n.) .1 am afraid 1 am no longer we/
come and Iher will freeze me Ollt. <> 60lOCb, "TO SI 6011b-
 we He noAXO III OH.... M36a8RTCR OT MeHR.
get sb 15th In (v n adv)
1 npMrnawaTb, 8b13b1BC1Tb 1C0rO-II. (AoKTopa, MaCTepa H
r:n.) . You musl get Ihe experr ;n 10 repair your fridge.

429
o Bbi AOmKHbI Bbl38aTb cneW0'3I1I4CTa, 'fTo6b1 OTpeMOH-
TMPOsaTb saw XOJlOAI411bHI4K.  call in, hat¥ in
2 3aKYf1aTb 'fTO-I1., AenaTb 3anaCbI ..era-l1. t/f we don't
8ft sugar in 170"-: we won't be able to make jam in the
aulUmn. () EcI1I4 Mbi He 3ucymllM ca.xapa, Mbi He CMOJlCeM
oceHbIO sapl4Tb BapeHbe.
3 C0614paTb 'iTO-I1.; y614paTb ypoJlCCD1 t I Ihink lomorrow
we should Retthe hay in. () ,(J,yM3IO, 3aBTpa Mbi AOIDKHbI
co6l4paTb ceHO.
· get In touch
{v pr) Bc-rpeTI4TbCSI, CB3aTbaI, BcrynlllTb B ICOHTaKT
.(II03UOJl<HO c nOCnel1Y1OOU1M npe,.QnOrou Mth.. t /'11 be In
my office tomornm: Gel in 10llch with me about /0
o'clock. () Sl6YAY 3aBTpa B O$l4ce. CBRJKIIITeCb co MHOIO
01C0110 10 ..aCOB.
(sb/sth) Inllnto 8th
1 (v adv, v pr) BXO,n,IIITb, npoHIIIKaTb (B ICCIlCoe-l1. MecTo)
" t YOll get in first. I ani afraid of cold water. () Tbi
nepBblM BXO.o.III,  60lOCb xOl1o,n,Hoiii BOAbi. t Get inlo the
cat; we are Roing your way. () C3Jv.1Cb B MaWI4HY, HaM no
nyTH.  come ill / inlo, let in / inlo
2 (v adv, v pr, , v n pr) np146b1BaTb, npHXOAIIITb
(1CY.D.a-I1.); ,n,OCTaB11RTb, npl4HOCIIITb, nplllBOAIIITb, BBO-
. lIKTb, 3aHOCIIITb KorO-I1./..TO-I1. (BHYTPb ICCIKorO-I1. no-
MelUeHIII) t Whut time does (JUr bu. get in? () So CKOl1b-
ICO nplll6b1BaeT Haw aBT06yc? t Firsl thut Irain will ReI IfI
iIIto Alin. 0 CHa..ana 3TOT noe3,n, nplII6y,n,eT B KnIllH.
. Sorry; hut I cun 't gel this case into the room by myself.
 i1138I11HIII, HO  He MOry C3M BTaU(IIITb 3TOT U(IIIIC B ICOM-
HaT'J .

430
3 (v adv, v n adv) nOCT)'nKTb 8 Y'le6HOe 3aBel1eHM8
npoiiiTIll no ICOHICYPCY; YCTpOIilTb (Koro-n.) B Y'le6Hoe 38-
Bel1eHlile ...06b1'1HO Simple Tenses . I hope my dough tel'
will get in (or: ... gt in.o the university) this year.
o Ha.o.elOCb. t.40A ,I1O'ib nocrynMT (B YHlIIsepclIITeT) B
3TOt.4 rol1Y. . /'II ".1" 10 g' you in Ihere (or: ... J'Oll ill'o
Ihis pre.f1igious collexe). 0 51 nocTapalOCb YCTpolllTb sac
T)'Aa (",11",: ... sac B 3TOT npeCTMJKHbli'I Konne.a:«).
4 (v adv, v pr, , v n pr) 6b1Tb Bbl6paHHblM. npoiiiTM
Ha Bbl60pax (s 'KaICOH-n. opraH BnaCTIiI); Bbl6111paTb
1C0ro-n, . Thanks for your supporl thaI go. our repre-
senlaliw in (or: ...represenlati\'e in.o Duma). 0 Cna-
CIII60 3a nO,l1AepJKK)'. 611aroJJ,apA ICOTOPOii'! (8 .o.YMY)
Bbl6paH HaW npel1CTaS""enb.  come in, pllt in
get (sb) In on sth
(v adv pr, v 11 adv pr) pa:Jr BIC1\IO'faTbCSI B KaK)'lO-11.
l1eATenbHOCTb; BOBneKaTb 1C0ro-n. 80 'iTO-11. (B03-
MOJlCHO, He npocToe) . If you g' (thi.f expert) in on OUl'
discussion il'lI be vel)' useful. 0 6Yl1eT O'ieHb none3HO,
ecl1l11 Tbi BIC1\IO'fMWbCA (HIli-!: ... Tbi nplllB11l!'ieWb 3TorO
cnelllll811l11cTa) B Hawy .QIIICK)'CCIllIO.  bring in on, come
in on, let in on
-
get In with sb
(vadv pr) pay. 3HaICOMIiITbCA C lCeM-11.; 8X0l1111Tb B ICOH-
TaKT, B APY*eclCllle OTHoweHIIIA C KeM-11. (nopolO co
ClCpblTOH uel1b.'O) . She ,ries 10 gel well in with a famous
artist. 0 OHa crapaeTCA 3aaeCTIII xopowee 3HaICOMCTSO
co 3H8MeHIIITbiM XYl10>KHIIIKOM.

431
(sb/5th) Into 5th
 1, 2, 3, 4 = get iIIlinto
. (v pr, v n pr) OJleeaTb ICoro-n., oneearbCR BO 'fTO-n.;
H8,I1eeaTb, HanRnHeaTb 'fTO-n. (o.QeJIC.Qy, wlmny H T.n.)
H8 ICoro-n. <ito6b1'1HO Simple Tenses'" . Did you get Ihe
s/toes into your feet? 0 Tbi H3Aen 6oTMHICH? . I don't
think you'll manage to get your head into that hat. 0 He
/t(M8IO, 'fTO TeOe y,a,aCTCR HanAIIHTb TY WJ1Rny H8 CBOIO
rono8Y.  put on
. (v pr, v n pr) BOBnl!'lbC, nonaCTb, 8ne38Tb BO 'frO-n.;
. 808J1eKaTb Koro.n. 80 'fTO-n. (s H6npHATHOCTH, 8.QOl7rH,
';. ccopy H T.n.) . Hope you won't get into trouble.
. 0 Ha.o.elOCb, 8b1 He nOl'laAeTe B Oeny. . This quarrel got
them into a rage. 0 3Ta ccopa AOBe11a HX AO OewaH-
CTBa. ::) keep outlout of
7 (v pro v n pr) npHoOpeTarb KaKYIO-I1. npHBbI'fKY:
H8y'1KTbCR ..eMY-n.; npMTb 1C0ro-n. IC 'feMy-n. . She
pt me ;lIto Beethoven when we studied at the same in-
. - sritute. 0 6118ro,a,apR eM R YBl1elCCS! 6eTXOBeHOM, 1C0r,a,a
MbI Y'fHII11ICb B O,llHOM HHCTHTYTe. . Try to get into the
. lrabil of switching TV offwlten going out. 0 CTapaMCR
....paOOTaTb npHBbI'fKY BbllC11lO'I8Tb Tel1eBH30p, lCor,a,a
YXO,D,MWb.
8 (v pr) BCel1RTbCR B 1C0ro-n., 08J18,11eTb KeM-I1. (06
SMOIlHAX, Heot5b1'1HOM COCTOJlHHH H T. n.) . J susput lite
;, devil got into my wije. 0 nOAOapeB8IO, 'frO B MaIO xeHY
:ecel1HI1CR D.bR8011. _
: · get Into hot water
(v pr) pa3r. nonaCTb 8 HenpHRTHoe nOnO)l(eHHe . Don't
fucJc the boss around or you '/I get ;lIto hOI ttJQUr. 0 He
, . ,Qpa3HH Ha'fallbCTBO, a TO non3Aewb B OeAY.

..
432
get (sth) out
1 (v adv) CTaHOBHTbCH H3BecTHbjM (0 KlJJCOM-n. ct:
C8K{)eT6 " T.n.) . You'li be sorry if Ihe secrel gels 0
o Tbj nO)l(811eeWb. ecnH TaHH8 CTaHeT H3BeCTHa. ::::) ,
oul, 1ft out
2 (v n adv) npoH3HOCHTb, H3.Q3BaTb "TO-II. (CI708O, 3
" T.n.) . Whal has happened 10 him? He can', gft ,
Ihing Oil'. 0 LiTO C HIilM CJly'tWlOCb? OH He MO)l(eT HH":. .
npoH3HeCTH.
3 () ycnewHo pewlllTb KaKYJO-II. np06neMY: paa..
r3MTb "To-n. (wBPMY. KpocctJOpp." T.n.): H8MTM npe.
BHl1bHbjM OTBeT H8 'fTO-II. . UnfonUnalel}\ 1 spent al
day 106ft Ihis problem Oil'. 0 K CO)l(8f1eHIllIO. R noTpaD'
seCb eHb, 'fT06b1 pa3P9WHTb 3yY npo6neMY.
get (sb/sth) out I out of sb/sth
1 (v adv, v pro . v n pr) Bbj6HpaTbCH. 8bIX(),[Umo.-
Bbjne3aTb (OTK)'Aa-II., 1113 KaICOrO-II. MeCTa): BblBO
1C0rO-II.; BblHiotMaTb, BblHOCIIITb, BbIT8CKMBaTb 1C0rO-II.
"TO-II. (OTK)'P.a-n.) . Please gel Ihis nail out (of m
shoe). 0 6Yb oOp, BbjTa 3TOT rB03,A.b (1113 Moero 60-'
TMHKa). . Ge,oul (of here)! 0 Y(jlllpaiii BOH (OTCIO.I18)'
::::)brillg oUlloII' of, lllU outlou,of
2 (v n adv, v n pr) yp,anlotTb 'fTo-n. (1113 ..ero-n.) ..IotCTIC
CTIotpt(oiii (0 nATHax. r{)fl3H" T.n.) .1 IhiM Ihis delerge
will help you get lhe ink .Iain 0111 (of your shirl).
o /J,yMalO. 'fT0 3TO MOlOwee Cpe.o.CTBO OOMO)I(eT Te- '
11136aBKTbCSI OT ..epHHllbHoro nSITHa (Ha TBoeiii py6aw-
ICe). ::::) be oUlloII' of, come oul
3 (v n adv. v n pr) nOIlY"3Tb, 1113BneKaTb "To-n. (He06-
XOAHMoe WI" none3HOe) 1113..ero-n. ,,,acto 8 K3't8CT8t'

433
npllMOI"O .QOnOnHeHHII MClIOnb3VK1TCII cnoaa much, Blot, some-
thing. anything, nothing, (very) litt1e . The rule is - you
gel oul (of any job) as much as you put in. 0 npaBMno
rl1aCMT - Tbi nOITy'lMWb OT mol5OH pa60Tbl POBHO
CTonbKO, CKonbKO 8!IO)I(MWb.
get (sth) out of sb/sth
1 Iv pr) OTnblHMBaTb, YK110tUlT'bC1l OT 'iero-n.; M36eraTb
..ero-n. (oTseTcTseHHOCTH, rpA3HOH pa60Tbl H T.n.)
. Everybody helps me, only you gel 0," of this work.
o Bee nOMoralOT MHe, TonbKO TbI OmblHMBaeWb OT 3TOM
pal5oTbl.
2 (v n pr) pa3Y3HaBaTb '/To-n. Y 1C0ro-n.; .Q.OOMBaT'bC1l
ICaKMX-n. CBelleHltM OT lCoro-n. . J wish I got a full con-
fession Ollt 01 him. 0 )l(anb, 'lT0 A He llo6HlICfI OT Hero
nOI1Hero nplt3HaHIIISI.
· get sb I sth out of one'. head I mind
(v n pr) Bbll5POCMTb lCoro-n./'iTO-n. M3 r011OBbI; 1t3-
6aBHTbCA OT MbIC11eM 0 lCoM-n./'ieM-n. . After Ihat con-
cert J can't get a certain melody 0111 01"'1 Mind. 0 no-
cne Toro ICOHu.epTa II HMK8K He MOry Bbll5pocMTb 1t3
ronoBbi OAtfY MeI1OAHIO.
· get out of hand
(v pr) CTaTb OOcKOHTponbHblM, HeynpaIlJ1ReMblM; BbI-
&tTbCA 1t3 PYIC; He nOll'iltHSlTbCR . He is gettUrg 0111 of
ltand again without his mother. 0 OH omm. 683 MaTepM
CTBHOBltT HeynpallJ1ReMblM.  be oul 01 hand III
give (sth) in
1 (v n adv) caBaTb, BPY'laTb 'iTO-n. <l{HHor.aa c
nocn8.llVlOWI'I'" npe.qnoro... to . After work givt! the lest

434
"suits in (to Ille lab nexl daor) 0 nocne pa60Tbl C.lUU1-
Te pe3ynbTaTbi I«:nblTaH...M (B coceAHlO1O naOopa-
TOP"'IO).  hlmd in
2 (vadv) nO.Q.ll,3B8TbCSI ('1CMy-n.), YCTyf1aTb. C.I1IIB8TbCSI
......HOrAB C nocneJlyK)UII<M nP8A"Ol' '0; + 001"1 Ihink I
um doing il ""lImgll: I am on(' gi\ing in (10 force). 0 He
AyM8i1. '1TO A AenalO 3TO OXOTHO, A npacTo nOA'I\.1tlSllOCb
c...ne.
give (5th) out [HMeeral InV)
1 Iv adv) "'CCAKaTb, KOII'l8TbCA (0 CHIIC. 0 38f1BC8JC H
T.n.) + h, a few n"m.I.'. my SlnmIh KU' PUI 0 epe3
',8CKonbKO M"HV' CWlbI nOK"'Hyn... MCIIA. ::; rUII oul Old
of
2 (v n adv) pa3.1111B81b, pacnpe.ll.enSlTb '1TO-n. + Plew;e
.eat .,'Our fT/cnd, rOllnd lire lahle and xi''f' ""I parerls
ami paper. 0 nOJICanyi1cra, paCcaD.... CBOI1X IlPY3eM
BOKpyr CTona ... pa3.1111M "'M K8p&HA3W'" ... OyM8ry.
=- IlUlid lillI, 1' oul
- outglvlng
InlP83,1111'1a.pacnpeD.enelllolC
3 (v n adv) 06bABnATb, o6Hapo.ll.0B8Tb ,{To-n.; npo-
B03rnawaTb'lTo-n. ....o6w..HO SImple renses;.. . The,> KO'V.
,Jllr lisIS of d.hroT$. 0011... 06H8poAoaan... cn"'CK'" 38-
.II.0I1)l(HI1KOB.
go In (5th)
m 1 (v adv) BXOnl1Tb (8 pe}I(JJ.eHHe. 8 aHHe H T.n.)
. Are _'OII K"iIlK in or nOI? 0 Tbi BXOAI1Wb ...11... HeT?
2 (v adv) 3<I&1T..., CKPbllbCA 3a JY'IY (0 c:on"e. nYHe.
3sea.aaxl . Wlren ,Ir. mOOl1 wt'1I1 ill. il beea"'. IlarJ..r..
o KorAB "YH3 CKpblnaCb 3B JY'IaM..., CTano TeMllee.
:..

435
3 (v aclv, v pr) BXOAMTb, BMeUl.8TbCJ1 (80 'fro-n.) . We
have to leave the table outside, it will not go ill (the
hall). 0 HaM npMAeTCSI OCTaBMTb CTon CHapy*M, OH He
BOHAeT B npMXOJlCYlO.
go in for sth (v adv pr)
1 BOHTM B COCTa8 y-taCTHMKoB copeBHoBaHMSI, ICOHKYP-
ca M T.n. . Both o/us will go ;II/0T the 100 metres. 0 Mbi
000 (5YAeM y-tacrsoBaTb B 386ere Ha 100 MeTpoB. = be
i" for. pilI ill for
2 pa3r. CrpeMMTbCJI IC KaICOM-n. Kapbepe, npo$eccMM;
CTaBMTb KaKYIO-n. AeSlTenbHOCTb ceoeH uenblO . My
nephew decided to go ill for teaching biology. 0 MOM
f11leMSlHHMIC peWKII CTaTb y-tMTeneM (5MonorMM.
3 YBneKaTbCfI '1eM-n.; nOCBRUlaTb CBoe BpeMR KaICO-
My-n. nlO(5MMOMy 38HSlTMIO (X066H, HrpaM, cnopry)
. He used to go ill for musIc. but now his hobby is ten-
nis. 0 PaHbWe OH yeneKal1CR My3b1KOM, a Tenepb TeHHMC
CTan ero x066M.
go Into sb I sth (v pr)
1 BHe38nHO HanereTb, HaexaTb Ha Koro-n.j'ITo-n.; Bpe-
3aTbCSI BO 'ITo-n. . J rode a bicycle and nearly wellt into
a boy who was running/rom behind the house. 0 SI exan
Ha BenOCMneAe M 'Iyrb He HaexaJ1 Ha Manb'lMKa, KOTO-
PblM BbI(5eran M3-38 AOMa.
2 BXOAKTb, Bna,AaTb B KaKoe-n. COCTQRHMe (rpaHC, KO-
Ma, npHn8IJ.OK H T.n.) . When you tell him about ;t, he III
will go i",o a fit. 0 KorA3 Tbi paCCKa>KeWb eMY 0(5 3TOM,
ero XBaTj.1T YA3p. = fall illto
3 nOAP06Ho pa36MpaTbCR B 'IeM-n., BHMKaTb BO 'ITO-n.,
8XOAMTb B AeTaJlM; TUiaTenbHO paCCMayPMBaTb 'ITo-n.

436
--
. I don't want to go into what has happened. 0 SI He
)KenalO BHMKaTb B TO. 'frO CJ1y'IWlOCb.
4 lI.enMTbCfI H8 .apyroe 'iMC110 6e3 OCT8T1Ca . Ten won 'I
go inlO fOllr. 0 .D.ecSITb He pa3AenMTcfl Ha'i8Tblpe,
go out (V adv) [MMeeTCR inv]
1 YXOAMTb, BblXOAMTb: ye:ucarb. Bble3*3Tb . Is your
boss in? - No, he weill OllllWO hours ago. 0 Baw H8-
'iaflbHMK H8 Mecre? - HeT, OH yexan .naa 'i8ea Ha38,/J,.
. Let s go oul for some fresh air. 0 ,D.aaai.1 nOH,neM He-
MHoro nOAblWMM CBe*MM B03AYXOM.  come in/inlO
- outgo; outgoing
[n]YX0l1:0Tbe3A:OTnpasneHMe
[adj] (outgoing) oT6b1aaIOLW'Ii.1, OTbe3)l(alOHi.1
2 nOTepQTb C03H8H...e . After such a blow he weill Ollt.
o nocne TalCoro y.o.apa OH nOTepSI1I C03HaH...e.  come
10, go under, p4SS oul
3 33KaH'i...aaTbCl'l, ...CTeIC8Tb, YXOAI1Tb (0 nepMo.ae spe-
MeHM) . Soon the year wIll go oul. and I don't have time
to do il. 0 CKOPO 38ICOH'f...TCSI roA. ... SI He ycneaalO
CAen8Tb 3TO.
4 BblXOAMTb ...3 MOAb! . Why are you wearing such
shoes. thev wenl oUI/onx uf!o? 0 nO'feMY Tbi HOC...Wb
T8K...e rycpn..., OH'" .o.aBHO BblWS1... 1113 MOAbi.  come in,
be oul
5 p8cnpocTpaHSlTbCSI (06 M3,.QaHMMI, COOISW,8TbCSI B
ne'faT.... BblXOAHTb B 3$Mp. (0 HOBOCTAX, nO.aP06Hocmx
M T.n.): MCXOAMTb, 6b1Tb nocn8HHblM (0 3aRSneHMM, 0
npMKa3e M T.n. ) . Thi... order goes Dill to our member.'i.
o 31"OT np"'Ka3 BblnyCKaeTCSI AJ1R HawMX 'ineHOB.  come
in

437
- outgomg
(adJ!I1CXO,WIUl..... (0 nOOlre, coo6eHHH H T.n.)
go out of slh
Iv pI') I1C'1e38Tb, YX0./1l1Tb 113 'ferO.I1., 60llbWe lie npl1.
cyrCTBOBaTb 8 'feM.I1. (0 OOnH B rene. oc) HHTOH8UHH B
ronoce, 0 'l)'scrsax B cnope, 0 IIanpIVICeHHH B 6eceJ:te H
T.n.) . After 6n he begall ro IIOl/ce rhal h,.f forces Mtenl
uul of his body. 0 nocne 60 neT Oil CTaII 38...e..aTb. 'fTO
Cl1nbl YXO,WIT 113 ero Tena.
· go out of fashion
(v pr) BblXO./1l1Tb 113 MOIlbl . All )U have hollRhl M'l'nl
0111 of /afhion. 0 Bee. 'fTO TblI(yr1I111a, BblWflO 113 "'Ollbl.
= b oul of fuhion
grow In (Slh)
1 (v advl OTpaCTaTb BMOBb . Doll '1 ",urn -"{Jllr haIr MIll
.'(1011 groM in again. 0 He 6ecno"OHaI, T80H 801IOCbI
CKOpo CHOBa orpacyYT.
2 (v prllt81CC1nnHBaTb, npH06pe-ralb 'fTO.I1. (onbiT. CTa-
ryc. 8BropHrel H r.n.), Ha6HpaTbCR 'fero.l1. (MYJIPOCI'H,
om H T.n.). o6oraTbCR 'feM-I1. (3118I1HRMH, Bfl(Nsr-
neHffRMH H T.n.) . lie wants finllo J:r"M' ill knm,'edge
and Ihe" fa use il In praCllce. 0 Ott CHa'lClll8 XO'feT IIa.
"onHT" 3HaHI1H, a 38Te... npl1MeHI11b HX H8 npaJC1)f"e.
grow into sb/sth
(v pr) CTaTb "8M.I1./'fe....I1.. npeopaH1IbCSI 0 "oro. 11. HO
'fTO-I1. (CO BpoMeHeMI. Wr sisler ha.f groM." inlo a fa-
nlOUS fil", .,,,,'- (, MOR Ceclpa CTana 3HaMettHTOM "HHO.
38e3JI.OM.

438
grow out of 8th (v pr) [HM6eTCii' inv]
1 CT8HoeHTbCfI cnMWICOM ()onbwMM ,/J,/lA 1C8Ko-n. OAe)K-
A, BbiPacTaTb M3 OAe)l(,l!,bl . It s time to bllY new shoes
for him, he has already grown 0'" a/these ones. 0 nopa
tcyrlMTb eMY HOBbie 60THHICM, OH y*e BbipoC ....3 3TMX.
-outgrow
[v] nepepacT8Tb, BbipaCTaTb (H3 OAe); onepe)l(8Tb
B pocTe WlM B pa3BMTMM (.Qpy3eH H T.n.)
2 B03HMKaTb, pa3BMBaTbCA, npoMcxo.o.MTb M3 '1ero-n.
. My passion for the theatre grew ou, of the chance
meeting ""th an actress. 0 Moo YBne'leHMe TeaTpOM no-
wno OT Cny-laHHOH BCTpe'l'" c 0D.H0i'i aICfpMCoi'i.  grow
from
3 TepRTb C B03paCTOM '1TO-n., M36aBrnlTbCR co BpeMe-
HeM OT '1ero-n. (npHBbI'ieK, HeAOMoraHHH H T.n.) . 1
used to belit. ,,-e ill God. bllt IIOW 1 have grown o"t of the
belief 0 P8HbWe R BepHn B 60ra, HO Tenepb A M36aBMII-
CA OT 3TO,", Bepbl.
- outgrow
[II] M36aBnRTbCR C B03paCTOM
hand 8th In
(v n adv) npeACTaBnATb. nOAaBaTb '1TO-n.; CA8BaTb
'1TO-n. 38 HeH8.Il06HOCTblO . If YOIl filled in the form,
hand it in right now. 0 Ecn... Bbi 38n0I1HMI1M 4>OPMV,
 cA8"'Te ee ceH'I8C )l(e.  give in
...u hand sth out
(v n adv) IHMeeTCII n] pacnpe.o.el1RTb, pa3A8B8Tb, pac-
npoCTpaHRTb'lTO-I1. . Some YOllng people hangs adver-
t;,;"g letwes o"t gi\'ing them ill W allybody and C\'cry-

439
hcdy. 0 HCKOroploie MOIlOAb/e mOllH pacnpocTpaHSUOT
pel(J18MIfb/e nHCTKM, ep3A HX I<aJlUJ.OMY BCTpe'IHOMY.
:::> gi,... out
D hand-out
(nl pelU13MHaA nMCTOBICa; TelCCT .anA pa3.11a'fH . lie took
one of ati..,!rtmng hand-oUb und started f't!udmg it.
o OH B3AII OllHH M3 pelU1aMHblX "MCTO'.ICOB M CTan
'fHTarb ero.
hang (5th) out (HM66TaI n)
1 (v n adv) pa3BewMoaTb, BbiBeWHoaTb 'ffO-II. (6enb6,
nnBICllT H T.n.) . The poter .hollid be hUll}, out Oil th,s
wail. 0 nnalCar 1l0mKeH 6b1Tb OloiBeWBlliia 3TOM CTeHe.
2 (V adv) pa3r. 6onraTbCA, OICOna'fHBaTbCA, 'faCTO noAO-
IIArbCA (8 KaKOM-n. M8CTe) . Do wu know that .urange
man. who h(lnJ(. out here ill n.'Lent time? 0 Tlol 3HaeWb
3Toro CTP8HIIOrO 'jenooelCa, 1C0roPloiM 0 nocneMee
BpeMA 311eCb 'fBCTO nOfloIlAeTCA?
D hang-out
(n) MacTO nOCTOAlllfbiX BC, 'jaCToro noceweliHIl.
npHCTaHHute . Come to our u.lIai hanR-out tomorro"
o npHxOllH 33BfP8 Ha Hawe 06h1'fHoe MecTO BCTpe<lH.
have sb (n
(v n adv) npHrnaCHTb, Obl3BaTb, n03BaTb lCorO-II. (3Ha-
KOMb/X, M8CTepa. MHnHHIO H T.n.) . YOII mu.ft ha' tJrl
expert ill to 'Iflderstand whut L" wrong with thl! tape \I'I;W
record. r. 0 Bbi llOI1Jl(Hloi Obl30aTb Cnei4M<U1HCT3, '4TOOloi 
pa306paTbCA, 'fTO CII}MHlIOCb C MarHHT04IOIIOM. ., Ret
in

440
.
hear sb out
(v n adv) BblC1!yWaTb 1C0rO-II. (He nepet5HBaSl) . I have
heard her Ollt and said nOlhing. 0 SI BblCI1yW8n ee no
ICOHU3 H HH'lerO He CIC83811.
hit out (v adv)
1 1C0l1OTHTb, H8HOCMTb YA8Pb/ 6e3 pa360py . I had gOI
10 hit 0111 10 show Ihem I Wa.f not frightened. 0 TOI5b1
nOK83aTb, 'fTO R He HCnyraIlCR, MHe npHW110Cb HaOpo-
CKTbCR Ha HMX C JCYI18KaMM,
2 pasr: Ha6pacblBaTbal, OOPYWMBaTbCR C pe3KO KPH-
TMICOM ('IeP63 npeccy, TelleBHAeHHe H T.n.) <{B03MOIKHO
c nocne,qylOU\I1MH npep,nor8MH BQBlnst. st}> . He didn 'I ex-
peel Ihal his favourile newspaper would hit Dill at his
book. of poetry. 0 Oti He O*H.Q,aI1, 'fTO ero l1Io6HMaA ra-
3eTa paclCpHTHKYeT KHHry ero CTI1XOB.
hold sth In
(v n adv) ClJ,ep*MBaTb, 1C0HTpoI1HpoB8Tb, OOY3lJ,blBaTb
'fTO-I1. ("I}'BCTsa. 3MOlJHHH r.n.) . She eouldn 't hold her
anger ill bul later regretted it. 0 OHa He CMorna
ClJ,epllC8Tb CBOIO 311OCTb. HO n03*e nO)K8/\el1a 00 3TOM.
 uep in
hold out (sth)
1 () npoTArMB8Tb 'fTO-II. (PY/CY- K8KOH-n. npe.lJ-
MeT H r.n.) . When we met he didn't #WId 0111 his hand.
o KorA8 Mbi ecT'peTMI1HCb, OH He no.aan MHe pyleH.
2 (v adv) conpoTHBI1ArbCA, He n0lJ.lJ.88aTbCSI, nep-
*aTbCSl no nocnelJ,Hero .{S03MO:IICHO C nOCl1e.QVJOIUMM
npe.ll/lOrOM Bgalnst}> . In spite of late evening students

441
still /reld out against police. 0 HecMO'fPJ' Ha n03,/J,HA
c CTyll.eHTbI npOAoroKanM COOpoT11BmlTbCSI nonMWU1.
3 I) o6ewaTb, cynlo1Tb, npe.o.naraTb'lTO-n. IB03-
M(JJlCHOCTH, ycnex, HaQe.\II;lIY H T.n.) . Knowing English
#WIlls 0'" Ihe hope to get a good job. 0 3HaHIo1e aH-
mMAclCoro SI3bI!Ca ecenSleT Ha.Qe)l(,O,Y nony-llo1Tb XopoWYIO
pa6ory.
invite sb In lover I round
) np&.1rnawaTb, 38aTb Koro-n. (AOMOH, Ha )"Ie6y
H T.n.) . /'11 invite you in when / finish my homework.
o R n030Sy TeOR K HaM, lCor.o.a 3C!ICOH'IY CBOIO lI.OMaw-
HIOIO paOory.  aslc o,.I,o"nd
(sb I sth) In (sth)
1 (vadv, v pr) OCTaBaTbCR BHYTPIo1 (KaKOro-n. MecTa); He
f1OJIBnATbCR, He nOKa3blBaTbCA, He BblXOIJ,MTb (&.13 !Ca-
KOro-n. MeCTS) . You'd uep in (this room) while she is
so angry. 0 TbI Obi I1y'fwe He BblCOBblBanCR 11113 3TOM
ICOMHaTbl}, nOKa OHa TalC ceplJ,MTa. =:> kep OUlloUI of,
let o",lout of
.2 (v n adv) 38AepJKMeaTb Koro-n. (06b1'1HO 0 npoBH-
HHBW8MCf1 )"IaUJ8MC1l) B wlCone &.1 T.n. .1 couldn't come
earlier because our director upt our class in. 0 R He
MOrna nplo1MT11 paHbwe, nOTOMY 'ITO lI.&.1peKTOp aa,o.ep-
)1(311 Haw KnaCC.  SIll}' in
3 (v n adv) CAepJKlo1eaTb ce6R, CBOIo1 'lyBCTea . He must
uep his fieling of indignation in, speaking to me. _
o rOBOpSI co MHOA, OH lI.OnJKeH c,o.epJICHBaTb CBoe 'fYB-
creo HerOll.OeaHHR.  #rold in

442
· keep sb/sth In mind
(v n pr) nOMHMTb 0 ICOM-n./'IBM-n.; Aep*8Tb KaKYIO-n.
MHct>oPMaLU11O MnM HAelO 0 ronooe . You'd beller keep
your brother in mind than thinJc of that applicant for
such a position. 0 TbiObi I\Y'Iwe nOMHMn 0 COoeM OpaTe,
'IBM AytdaTb 0 TOM KaHAM.Q,8TB H8 TaKYJO AOI1JKHOCTb.
· keep (sb) In touch
(v pr, v n pr) o.epJKaTb (Koro-n.) 0 KYpCe .Q.8na; He Tept:lTb
CB3b (c lCeM-n.); oOecne'lMBaTb 1C0ro-n. MHcSx>pMaW'leill
(0 'IeM-n.) .;{1I03MOJOIO C nOCM.!IY'OWMM npeA/lOrOM with}>
. Why didn't you call me so long: I ask you very much,
Jeep (me) in tOllch with you, please. 0 nO'leMY TbI He
3BOHMn TaK Aonro: R O'IBHb TeOS! npowy - o.epJlCM C8R3b
(co MHO). . Next month you have to Iteep us in 101lC"
with delivery of goods. 0 S cneAYlOlUBM MealU8 Te6e
npMAeTCSI MH$OPMMPOBaTb HaC 0 nocTaBKe TOB8poB.
keep (sb/sth) out/out of sth
(v adv, v pr, v n adv, v n pr) He npMOnMJKaTbCS!, He
nOD.XOD,MTb OnM3KO (IC 'IeMY-n.): OCT8BaTbCS! CHapy*M, B
CTopoHe (OT 'Iero-n.); o.epJKaTb Koro-n./'iTO-n. HS pac-
CTOSIHMM . Keep oul (of window), the)' can recognize
you. 0 He noD.XOD,M (IC OICHY), OHM MOryr Y3HaTb TeOs!.
.1'// be out and )'ou. plea.fe. keep the childn oUlolfire.
o SI YMAY, a TbI, nOJICanyMCTs, nOCMOTPM, 'fT06b1 AeTM
Obll1M nOl1a11bWe OT orHR. . Keep oul of our business. 0
_ He BMeWMB8Mrecb B HaWM Aens.  gel inlo, uep in
kick sb/sth In '
(v n adv) BTaJ1ICMBaTb 1C0rO-I1./'iTO-n.: BbiOMBaTb, BbI-
wH6aTb 'ITO-n. (Y.QSPaMH - .QB6pb, 3y6b1 H r.n.) . My

443
poor tooth; you have lided it in. 0 MOM 6eAHblM 3y6; TbI
)l(e Bbl6MI1 ero MHe.
kick sb out 1 out of sth
(v n adv, v n pr) pa3r. BblrOHRTb, BblTal1KHBaTb, BblWM-
6aTb, H3rOHRTb lCorO-I1. (OTKYAa-I1.) .1 want you to lid
th;.,' stupid idiol oul (of our firm) immediately. 0 SI XO'iy,
'IT06b1 Tbi BblWBblPHYI1 3TOro rynMy (1013 HaweA 4>Hp-
MbI) HeMeAfN!HHO.  th,.ow oul/oul of
knock sth in 1 Into sb I sth (v n adv, v n pr)
1 B6MBaTb, BICOl1a'lHBaTb 'ITO-I1. (BO '1TO-I1.) . First we'/1
Inod stakes ill (or: ... slakes inlo the ground) and then
we'll attach the jence. 0 CHa'lana Mbi B06tteM KOllbR B
36MI1IO. a 3aTeM npHlCpenMM orpa,o.y.
2 pa3r. B6MBaTb, BKOI1Cl'lMBaTb, B,D,a116I1MBaTb 'IT0-11.
(3H8H"'R. CMblClI '#ero-/I. H T.n.) ICOMY-I1. (B r0I10BY)
. Unfortunate!.". we didn 'I manllge to Inoclc the sense
of a task ill (or: ... lask illto his head). 0 K CmKaneHMlO,
HaM He YJ1al10Cb B6MTb eMY B ronoBy CMblCI1 3a,I1aHMR.
knock sb I sth out (v n adv) ["''''BeTCR oj
1 npMBeCTH 1C0rO-I1. B 6ecco3HaTel1bHoe COCTORHHe:
OUJel10MMTb, Bbl6HTb 1013 1C0neM KorO-I1. (Y.QapoM. B Vi. B
bee; HapKOTHKOM; HenpHRTHblM H3seCTHeM '" T,n.)
. The silualion itself in a dental surger)' Icnods some
peoplf! oul. 0 HeKoTopblX I1IO.D.eM C3Ma 06cTaHoBICa B
3y6HOM lCa6HHeTe npMBOJlIo1T B 6ec"IYBcTBMe. . When 1 _
show you my new invention. you'll be Inocked oul.
o KorAa R noKIDKY Te6e Moe HOBoe H306peTeHMe, Te6R
ICQH.QpaWlCa XBaTMT.

444
..
D Imodc-out
[nJ HOJCaYTMPYJOIJ4MM Y.AaP; nopaJlCeHlote; HOK3yr .1 wish
I won this fight by a t"ocJr.UI. 0 >Kanb, 'ITO R He Bbilotr-
paJ'l 60M HOKayrOM.
2 nOIlOMaTb, noBpelJ.HTb, Pa3PYWIotTb, pa36IotTb 'fTO-n.
. The team of wor/rers l"ocud an old building 0111 anJ
got down to digging a foundati(m pit. 0 6plotra,a,a
pa6o'flotX cnoMana cTapoe CTpoeHI4e lot nplotctynW\a Ie
()bITbIO 1C0mOBaHa.
knock sb I sth out I out of sth (v n adv, V n pr)
1 Bbl6Krb, BblTJ)RXHyrb 'fTo-n. (1ot3 'fero-n., OTKYA3-n.)
. Could you help me ""oct this sand oul (oflhe pedal)?
o nOMorn MHe Bbl6HTb 3TOT neCOK (1ot3 neA311Iot).
2 ycTpaHMTb, OTTeCHKTb 1C0ro-n.; 3aCTaSIotTb lCoro-n.
COm-M (c ,w.ICTaHU,MM), BblMTM (M3 COpeBHOBaHMR) . The
team of France lnocked the team of Ilaly oul (of tift!
qUQrtetjinals) and entered the semi-finals. 0 KOMaH.a,a
CJ)paHWfIt n06eJI,Mna MTaJ'IbRHueB B 'feTeepTb4lMHaJ1e 14
sblwna B nony4>MHaJ'I.
land (sb) In 5th [uMeeTCSl inv)
1 (v pr) OKa3aTbCR rAe-n., npM6b1BaTb KYA3-n. nocne
Aonroro nyreWecTBMA, noe3,WCM; AOCTltraTb K3lCoro-n,
MecTa . After three hours 'journey we IllI1ded i" an un-
known lown. 0 nocne TpeX'IaCOBOM e3AbI Mbi OKa3aJ1Ma.
B HeM3seCTHOM ropoAe.
- Inland(s)
[nJ BHyrpeHHRI'I TeppMTOplotl'l, y.n,aneHHaJI OT rpaHIotU
[adj) BHyTpeHHMM; YAa11eHHblM OT rpaHMU B rny6b CTpa-
Hbi

445
2 (v pro v n pr) OKa3aTbCSI B KaKoi'i-n. CHTyaUH; ('1aUle
HenpHRTHOH), nonacTb B Tpy.QHoe nonmlCeHMe: AOBO-
,AMTb 1C0ro-n. /J,o 'fero-n. HenpMRTHoro . This frIendship
will mnd (you) i1r a mess. 0 3Ta .QpYJK6a HM IC ...eMY xo-
poweMY (B8C) He np..Be/J,BT.
.... out (v adv) [HMeeml inv]
1 6b1Tb B /J,OCTaTO"IHOM ICOnM'fecTBe, XB8TaTb: OCTa-
BaTbCR He nonHOCTbIO Mcnonb30B8HHblM (0 AeHbrax, 0
38nacax H T.n.) . You make up so Ihiclcly Ihal my po-
mode won 'I last out. 0 Tbi ICpacMWbCR TalC rycTO, 'fTO
Moeiil noMa,Abl He XBaTMT.
2 (iblTb B COCTORHMM /J,OBO/J,MTb TPY/J,Hoe /J,eno /J,O
3aBepWeHMR; /J,ep)l(aTbCR CTOHICO, BbI/J,ep)l(MB8Tb . How
long can our old people last Oil' with such pension pol-
icy? 0 Aonro nM CMOryT HawM CTapMICM npOAep)l(8TbCSI C
TalCOH neHCMOHHOM nonlolTMlCoiil?
- outlast
[vJ npo/J,on)l(8TbCSl: npoAep)I(8TbCR; nepeTb; npoTR-
H)'Tb
IIy sth In
(v n adv) OTKlIa,llbIBaTb "fO- n. npo 3anac; o6ecne'fMB8Tb
- ce6R KaIC..,MM-n. 38nacaMM BnpoK . Summer time is
coming. il S time 10 lay sugar iIf for making preserved
fruit. 0 J1eTo HacrynaeT, nopa 3anacaTbCR caxapOM A/lJl
npMrOTOBneHMR 4!PYKTOBbiX KOMnOTOB.
Into sb
IfJI
(v pr) pa3r. 06PYWMB8TbCSl. Ha6paCblBaTbCR, Hana,QaTb
H8 1C0ro-n., M36MBaTb Koro-n. (4)H3H'lecKH, cnOBaMH)
. We are luokinKfor witnesses of laying into Ihis boy.
.I

446
lID
o Mbi pa3b1CKIo1BaeM O'ieBeB Hana,o.eHIo1A Ha 3Toro
Manb'iI'lKa.
lay sb/sth out (HMeeTCSl n H inv]
1 (v n adv) paenol1araTb, paeK11a,o.blBaTb. apaH*M-
pOBaTb, pacnl1aHlo1poBaTb 'iTO-I1. (no B03MOJICHOCTH
HaHnY'lwHM 06pa30M) . I think \'Ou \'e laid 0111 all the
sections of your book the best way. 0 !tyMalO. 'iTO BY
Halo1nY'iWIo1M oOpa30M paenonO*Io1111'1 Bce pa3Aenbi
BaweilllCHlo1rlo1. => sel 0111
D lay-out
(n] nl1aHlo1poBKa, pa3MeweHl'le; nl1aH, 1(0MnOHOBI(8.
. Are YOII doillg a lay-ouillf the park? 0 BI>I3aHI'lMa-.
eTeCb nnaHlo1poBKOiil napKa?
2 () BblCKa3b1BaTb, BblK11a,o.bIBaTb 'iTO-n. (ClIO-
BaMH) . I've got a lot to lay oul. 0 Y MeHA eCTb MHoro.
o 'ieM BblCKa3aTbCS1.
3 (v n adv) pa3r. TpaTI'ITb 'iTO-I1., BK11a,o.bIBaTb, Io1Heec-
Tl'lpoBaTb'iTO-I1. (..aeHbrH. CHn/:J. cpe.o.crB8 H r.n.) . We
laid much mOlley out lor your studies bill allYIL'v you
are lIotjustifyillg Ollr hopes. 0 Mbi BKJ\aAblBanl'l B TBOIO
}"ie6y MHOro AeHer, HO Tbi Bee paBHO He OnpaBAaeUlb
HaWI'I Ha,o.e)I(D.bI
- outlay
(v] TpaTl'ITb. paexOAOBaTb (..aeHbfH, cpe.o.crBa)
(n] TpaTa AeHer, 1'13Aep)l(l(l'I. paexoJJ,bI
4 (v n adv) pa3r. YI10)l(Io1Tb; nOBa11101Tb, C61'1Tb 1C0rO-I1. C
Hor (y,aapoM). He boa.t. of/laving laid se\-'en oul willi
Olle blow. 0 OH nOXBaI1AeTCA. 'iTO OAHI'IM YAapoM
Y110)l(I'In ceMepblX.

447
(sth) Inllnto sth
(v adv, v n adv. v pr) (6fM6eTC1l n) BCTynaTb; H8MHaTb C
'fero-n.; H8MHaTb OfiTb To-n. <l11IA CTJ)yKTyP'" (v
edv) B03MOJKHO C I1OC/1e,QY'OM npeAnOrOM with> . She led
(hRr appearance) ;11 with an unexpected question. 0 Otia
Haana CBOe BblC"I)'MeHMe C HeO>KMAaHHOrO Bonpoca.
. This lecturer usua/v leads inlO his favourite subject.
o 3TOT neKTOp 06b1HO 3aBOAHT pa3rOBOp H8 CBOIO nlO-
fiMMyIO TeMY.
a lead-In
(n) BC"I)'nneHMe; BBeAeHMe . What a pity. / missed a
beautifullead-in. 0 KaKaR *8110CTb, R nponycnm npe-
ecpaCHoe BblC"I)'MeHMe.
d sb out (V n adv)
1 BbiBOAMTb Koro-n. . Jfyou don't stop talking /'II lead
you oul. 0 EcnM Tbi He nepecT8Hewb pa3fOB8plo1oaTb, R
BblBeAY TeOS!.
2 pacweBenMTb, pa3rOBopMTb, p83Bneb 1C0ro-n.;
ImIHyrb, BOBneb 1C0ro-n. B pa3roBop <06.....110 Simple
Tenses . Why do you refuse to open your mouth? J can
never lead you oul. 0 nOeMy TbI ynopHo MonMwb? R
HMKaK He BblTRHY 1013 Tefifl cnOBa.
ve sth In
(v n adv) OCT8BIUb To-n. fie3 M3MeHeHMA; He Io1C.
npaBnRTb, He Io13MeHflTb TeKCT, COAepJKaHMe, npeA- _
no*eHMe M T.n. . Don't delete this sentence. leaVf! it in.
o He BbIepKMBaA 3TO npe,o,no*eHMe, OCTaBb ero fie3
M3MeHeHM".
./

448
leave sb I sth out
(!l....D..iKh!) nponYCKaTb, ynyCKaTb, He Y'leCTb 1C0rO-II.1
"'To-n. . Hope. this time you won 'tleave any possibilily
out. 0 Ha,a,elOCb. Ha 3TOT pa3 Tbi He ynycmWb HM
Manei1wei1 B03MO)l(HOCT1II. . Make sun! you didn 't le
those nvo new boys oul. 0 YOeD.KTecb. "'TO Sbi He 38-
ObinM Tex D.BYX HOSM'IKOS.
· leave It out
() BrE pa3r. npeKpaTM! D.OSOnbHO! . I am not
going to satisfy your every whim, leaw il oul. 0 51 HE!
c06MpalOCb nOTaKaTb TBOMM lCanpM3aM. OCTaSb 3TO!
let sb I sth In /Into sth
(v n adv. v n pr) snyCKaTb Koro-II./"'TO-II. (s KaKoe-lI. I'K>-
MeUleHMe), MBafb lCoMy-n./...eMlj-n. D.OC1Y" (t<yM-II.);
n03BOnMTb 1C0MY-II./'IeMY-II. npOHMICHyn. (B lCaKoe-1I
MecTO) . One of the taps began to leI waler in. 0 Oll,MH
M3 ICpaHOB CTan nponyCKafb BOD.Y. . Please, open I
window and let air inlo the room. 0 noJKanyiilCTa. OT-
!cpOM OICHO, M nyCfb B03J1YX Boi1,a.eT B 1C0MHaTY. ::) co,,"
in/inlo, gel i,,/inlo
let sb In on sth
(v n adv pr) pa3r. n03BonMTb ICOMY-II. BlU1lO'1MTbCSI
KaKoe-lI. D.ellO; D.OnyCT1llTb 1C0rO-II. D.O 'IerO-II. . Why
leI me in on the secn!t? 0 n0'4eM}' tit.! He nceBS!
.. MeHS! B 3TY Tai1HY? ::) come in on, gel in on
let sb I sth out [HMeeTCR n]
1 () M3,Q.aBafb, MCnyCKaTb "'TO-II. (3ByJC. tqJHfC.
CTOH, Bonnb H T.n.) . When I passed the house I heIJ .

449
somebody letting a shrill scream 0111. 0 Kor.na A npo-
XOAWI MI1MO D,OMa, A ycnblwan, Kale !eTO-TO npOH311-
TenbHO B113)1(aJ1.
2 (v n adv) nporOBopl1TbCA 0 '1eM-n., BbI.naTb lC,ucYIO-n.
T8MHY, np060maTbCSI 0 '1eM-n., paCtcpblTb ICaIC0M-n.
ceKpeT . We '/I punish him for lening 0111 the place of
meeting. 0 Mbi HalC8JlCeM ero 3a TO, '1TO OH npo60manCA
o MeCTe Berpe'll1. => come 0"', gel oul
3 (v n adv) paar. oCB0150Jl\A8Tb 1C0ro-n. OT KalCoro-n.
ripeMeHI1 (o6sl3arenbCTB8. Ilonra, OTBeTCTfJeHHOCTH If
T.n.) . Poor child - he has been in the corner about JO
minutes. i$n't it time to lei him OUI? 0 6eD,HblM pe6eHOIC
- OH CTOI1T B yrny y*e 10 MI1HYT, He oopa mt OCBOIX>-
AHTb ero OT HaK83aHI1SI?
a Iet-out
[n) BblXOD" cn0c0(5 113riaBI1TbCA (OT KSKoro-n. 6peMe-
HH) . Hope. you are clever enough to find a lel-oul.
o Hap.elOCb, TbI AOCTaTO'lHO coo!5pa3&4TeneH, '1ToCibi
HaMTM BblXOA.
4 (v n adv) c,QaBaTb B HaeM '1TO-n. (.aDM, KB8pTHPY If
T.n.) . What i$ Ihe rent for letting your house olll? 0 Ka-
KOM onnaTa 3a HaeM Bawero .o.o"'8?
: sb I sth out I out of sth
(v n adv, v n pr) (IfM6eTCII inv] BblnyCKaTb 1C0ro-n./'fT0-n.
(113 KalCoro-n. MBCTa), nponYCKaTb lCoro-n./'ITO-n.
(n/Q.QeH. M8WI1HbI, raa. BQQYU T_n.); n0380nKTb KOMy-n./ _
'l8My-n. BblMT\II I1fll1 OOKI1Hyn. KalCoe-fl. MacTO . Let me
oUI. please. 0 n03BOflbTe, OOMcTa, MHe BbiMTH.
. They willie' her oul of the police station tomorrow.
o OHM BbinycTRT ee It3 nom'll.l.eAclCoro y-t8CTKa 3aB1J)a.
B. f. CTOJIJIp

450
. Don't let the water out. () He BblnyCKai4 BOAY. =>
in
- outlet
(n) BblXOJ1,Hoe OTBepcnte; BblXOJJ. (AIm 3HeprHH, 'iyBCTB.
H r.n. )
lie In (sth) (HMeeTaJ n]
1 Iv adv) aartATbCSI, 3a11eJICIilBaTbCA, OmeJICIilBaTbCSI 8
nocTenlil (nocne CH8) . You (lTf! lazybones, SlOP lyillg /n!
() TbI, I1eJICe60ICa, XBaTIIIT aartRTbCA B nocrenlill
., 1I.ln
(n) OTJJ,bIX B nOCTenlil nocne CHa t He needs a good rest,
Jel him have some lie-in loday. () !:My HyJlCeH XOPOWIIIH
OTp,bIX, nYCTb OH cerO,AHfI HeMHorO nOBal1f1eTCfI B no--
CTenlil.
2 (v pr) IIIMBTb '4TO-n. nepSOnplll'ililHOH, CBO.QIIITbCA IC
'1eMy-n., 3aK11lO'1aTbCSI B '4eM-n. . Don't forgellhat the
main problem lies in finding Ihe correct answer. () He
3aOblBaTe, 'tT0 maBHaR np06neMa 38K11IO'4aeTCA B
OTbiClCaHIIIH npalWlllbHOrO OTBeTa.
line sth out
..
(v n adv) (HMeeTClf inv) Ha6pacblBaTb, HaMe't8Tb'tTO-n.
(J.1QelO, cxeMY, nnaH H T.n.) tlfyou have lime loday 10
line out your idea, we '/I discuss it tomorrow. () EClIH Tbi
ycneewb CerO,AHA HaMentTb CBOIO MJJ.elO (Ha 6YMare),
TO 38Btpa Mbi ee 06cyM.
- outline
(v) Ha6pocaTb, HaMeTHTb, H3110JICHTb BKPaTUB
In] nnaH, ICOHCneKT, 3C1CM3

451
lletenln
(v adv) npMcnYWHBaT K ..eMY-II., nOAcnywMBaTb
'""0-11. (rene<PoHHblH pa3rosop, 3anpew.6HHYIO Keltt-n.
nepe.as'l)'. 3anHCb H T.n.) ":II03MO)I(H() C nocneAMH
npeA/10raMM on, to t/'lltell mummy Ihal you lislnd in
(to her telephone conversalion). 0 s:I paccKaJKy MaMe,
'fT0 TbI nOAcnywHBa11 (ee Tenect>oHHblM pa3rOBOp).
listen out for sb I sth
(v adv pr) nPMcnywHBaT BHHMaTellbHO IC ..eMY-I1.
('iro6b1 paccnblWBTb, nOHRTb) t Listn olll for Ihose
wondeiful sOUIJds, you 'Illilre it. 0 nPMcnywaMcR IC 3THM
'fYW4b1M 3eyKaM, Te(je 3TO OOHpaBMTCSI.
Iookln
(v adv) pS3r. aarl1SlAbiBaTb, 3aXOAl4Tb HeH3,D.Ol1ro:
H8HOCHTb KpaTl(H BH3111T <l:1I03UO)l(H() C nocn8AytOUIMMM
raMt18t. on}. . Why didn't you look in on us (or:
,.. in at our office) when you visited the plant? 0 nO'leMY
8bI He 3aWIIM K HaM (HIIH: ... 3aWJ1M B Haw ocI>Mc), 1C0r,aa
noceu.&allH 3a8OA?
look Into sth
(v pr) pa3r. aarl1J1.Qb1BaTb Mel1bKOM BO "TO-II., B KaICOe-l1.
MaeTO t Look mlo thel'T! - you'll find a lot of incel'T!st-
ing things. 0 3arJ1i!HM TYA8 - TbI OOHapyxHWb MHoro
MHTepecHorO.
k (sb/sth) out [HMeeTCR n H inv]
1 (vadv) OCTeperaTbCR, Oepe<l <I:'Iawe II noeenHTenb-
MOM H8IUIOHeHMM}.. You need to look 0111, some boys
/save all'T!ady suffel'T!d from roller skates. 0 Te6e H8JJ.O
I
,.

452
6b/Tb OCTOpoJKHblM, HelCOTOpble MaJ1b'lMIC'" yxe nOCTpa-
,Q,afI" OT pon..ICOBbIX KOHbKOB. => ",illll out, walch oul
D look-ouf
In) OCTOpoJKHOCTb. 6.WlITenbHOCTb . Don't worry, we
will be on the lool-oul. 0 He 6ecnolCoiiirecb. Mbi (iy.o.eM
HacTopoJKe.
2 () BbiCMaTpMBaTb, no.o.6MpaTb, nO,D.bICIC..BaTb
t(oro-n./'ITO-n. . You should carefu/v 100A oul a new
suit for a new job. 0 Te6e HB,AO 6b/Tb BHMMaTenbHblM
npM no.o.60pe HOBoro ICOCTIOMa AlISI HOBOiii pa60Tbl.
D look-out
In) no..ct( . Our firm i,<; now on the 100A-oui for a com-
puter expert. 0 Hawa 4IMPMa ceiii'lac nOAblCIC...eaeT cne-
an"CTa no 1C0MnblOTepaM.
3 (v adv) SbiCMaTpMBaTb, OJK..,naTb <803MOJl(HO c npeA-
norOM for}> . This woman often stands near the house
and 100As oul for her daughter. 0 3Ta JKeHI.qMHa 'IaCTO
CTOMT Y AOMa S OJKM,naH..... cBoeiii AO'lep... => walch oul
D look-out
In) Ha6nlO,naTenbHbliii nYHKT . The enemy had several
100A-outs. 0 Spar MMen HeCKonbKO Ha61110A3TellbHblx
nOCTOB.
- outlook
In) HeocJ1a6HOe Ha6111o.o.eHMe
look out lout of 5th
.
(vadv, v prl IHMeeTclI n H inv) Bblr11S1.O.b1BaTb ("'3 'Iero-n.,
'1epe3 'Iro-n.) . When we heard some .vharp .vfroke we
looud oul (of fhe window). 0 Kor,na Mbi ycnblWaJ1...
I(3lCoiii-TO pe3KMiii y,nap, Mbi Bblr11RHyn... (Ha ynMUY "'3
OKHal.

453
.. loolc-out
[nJ BMJ), (Ha 'ITO-n.) . What a nice /ool-out from this
point! 0 KaICOM 3aMe'laTellbHblM BMJ), OTCIO.o.aI
- outlook
[n)BMA,nepcneKTMBa
make (sb/sth) out
1 (v n sdv) COCTaBJIRTb 'fTO-II. (cnHCO/(, AOlC'fMeHT H
T.n.); BblnMCblBaTb '41"0-11. (ICBHTaHWfIO. 'Ie/( H T.n.) . The
doctor made out a prescription for pain-lcillen. 0 .n01C-
TOp BblnHcan peenT Ha OOlleyrollRlOlUee cpeACTBO.
 ""in Ollt
2 () npeTeHAOBaTb. npHTA3aTb Ha 'fTO-II.; yr-
aep>K.A8Tb, 3aRBIIATb 'fTO-II.; yaepm'b B 'feM-n. . They
IIUlde Ollt that they are not to blame. 0 OHM npeACTa-
. EMIIM Aeno TalC, 6YATO OHM HE! BHHOBaTbi.
3 (v n sdv) pa306paTbCA B ICOM-1I./'feM-1I.; COCTaBHTb
npe,Q.CTaBJJeHHE! 0 KOM-1I./<teM-II.; nOHATb Koro-n./o.rro-n.
. On(' in a few years I could mllke Ollt how she loved
me. 0 TonblCo 'Iepe3 HecKOllbKO 1IeT R CMor nOHfITb, KaK
OHS m06H1I8 MeHR. . One can never"" her OUI! 0 Ee
HHKor.o.a He nOMMeWb!
4 (v adv) pa3r. Y1ly'twaTbCR. npeycneBaTb, nporpec-
CMpoeaTb . How are they going to Iffllke out without
any support? 0 KaK *e OHM C06HpalOTCSI npeycneeaTb
0e3 BeRICO... nOA/J.ep)KJ(M?  get on
mind out III
(v adv) OCTeperaTbCR, 6epe'tbCR ....o6bI..HO 8 nOBe1lHTenb-
HOM H8K110HeHIU1' . Mind out, there is a wiclred dog in
the garden! 0 OcTOPO*HO, B ca.o.y 3118R co6aKa!  look
out, walch out

454
mix (sth) In (5th)
1 (v n adv) npHMeWHaaTb, .nOOaBI1RTb '1TO-I1. (8 CM8Cb,
B rOTOBYIO Macey, 8 TecTO H r.n.) t Prepare grated
cheese and mix Ur curds. () npHroTOBb TepTbiM CbIp It
33MewaM C TBoporOM.
2 (v pr) 06UJaTbC1l perynRpHo C KeM-n.; TepeTbCSI cpe-
D.H KaKHx-n. 3HaMeHHTOCTeM, HHTepeCHblx 11Io.neM H T.n.
t She likes to mix in that group of writer.. () 51 HpaBHT-
CR 06UJaTbCR C 3TOM rpynnoM nHcaTeneM.
move (sb) In
1 (v adv) Ha,o,SHraTbCSI, npH6nH>KaTbCR «e03MO:ll(HO C
nOCne.AYK>LUHM npel1llOrOM on t We could watch the cam-
era move in on the musician to show his hands. () Mbi
Ha611IOJJ,anl'l, KaIC KaMepa npH6nH)I(Ci/1aCb IC My.3b1KaHTy,
'ITo6b1 nOKa3aTb ero PYICH. .
2 (v adv, ) nocenHTI>aI (8 KBapTHpe, 8 H080M
nOMe); BcenRTb Koro-n. "i803MO)l(HO C nJ)e.A11OrOM with}>
t We had to move Ur with two neighbours. () HaM npH-
wnOCb nocenHTbCR BMecTe C .nSYMR COceJJ,SlMH. . Next
month they'll move the rest in. () B cne.nYIO\UeM MeCRL4e
OHH 33cenAT OCTallbHbIX.
IfJ
move (sb) out/out of sth
1 (v adv, v pr. v n adv, v n pr) BbicenRTbCR (1013 KalCoro-n.
MecTa); Bblcel1RTb 1C0ro-n. (OTtcyJJ,a-n.) t for such bad
beha'iour the landlady moved the lodf{er OUI (of the
JIm). () 3a TalCOO nOBe.neHHe X03RHI<a BblcenHna Kuap-
THpaHTa (..,3 KaapTHpbl). t The lodger promi.ed to move
out (of the flut) next MOl/da.': () KaapTHpaHT 06ell.l311
BblexaTb (1013 Kuaprnpbl) B cne.nVIOIUHM nOHe.nenbHHK.

455
2 (vadv, v pr) nolCTb (K8Koe-n. none ewrenbHOCT/If.
pa60ry) . The best specialist moved 0111 (of his field of
action) and became a pen,rioner. 0 I1y<4WMM Cnel4ManMCT
ywell (Hll/lf: ... nOICMttyll CBoe none AesrrenbHOCTM) M
cran neHCMOHepoM.
open (sth) out
1 (v adv) CT8HOBMTbCfI WMpe, paCWMpSlTbCSI (0 Hace-
neHHOM n)'HKTe. 0 peKe /If T.n.) . Here the river is very'
narrow and on(v three kilometers further it opens Ollt.
o 3Aecb peKa O'ieHb y3KaR, M TOllbKO B TpeX KWIOMeT-
pax OTCIOAS OHa CT8HOBMTaI WMpe.
2 (v n adv) paCKPblBaTb, pa3BOpa'fMBaTb 'fTO-II. (r83eJy.
KSpry /If T.n.) . Children, open Ollt your exercise books
and write down the following. 0 .l\eTM, OTIq)OMTe ceOM
TeTpa.O.M M 3anMWMTe cne.nYlOwee.
3 (v adv) paCKPblBaTbCSl; CTaHOBMTbCR 60nee OTICpbl-
TblM, 06W14TellbHblM . He is a reserved man and opens
Ollt very rarely. 0 OH Heo6W14TellbHblM 'fenoBelC M pep,KO
paCKpenOw,aeTaI.
peck sb/sth In
1 (v n adv) pa3r. OTIC83b1BaTbCSI OT 'fero-n.; 6pocaTb
1fT0-1I.; 3a8R3b1BaTbC'feM-II. . When we moved to a new
town, my daughter had to pad her favourile tennis in.
o KorAS MbI nepeexanM 8 .npyrOM ropo.n, MOBM .nO'lICe
npMwnOCb OTKa3aTbCSI OT c80ero 11I0{)MMoro TeHHMca. ...,.
2 () pa3r. C06MpaTb lCorO-II. 8 6ollbWOM ICOIIM- 
'tBCTBe (ronny. nJ06/1fTeneill, ct>aHarOB /If T.n.) . ThaI
final match pac:lted so many fans ill that there was no
room on stands for everybody. 0 TOT 4>MHanbHblM MaT'!

456
m
npMBneK TaK MHoro 60nenbUU'lleOB, 'fTO Bce OHM He
YMecTWlMCb Ha TpM6YHax.
paSS Into 5th (V pr)
1 npoMTM, nocrynKTh B !CalCoe-n. Y'le6Hoe 3aBe.o.eHMe
. How many people have fNlSSd ;nlo Ihe Academy Ihis
lime? 0 ClConbKO <tenOBelC nocrynM11O B aKa,Q.eMMIO HB
3TOT pa3?
2 nonaCTh, BOATM B MCTOpMlQ, B cponbK11oP. B nereHAY
.1, became a legend ;nlO which our heroes passed. 0 3To
Y'Ke CTano nereH.o.oH, B 1C0TOPYlO BOW11M HaWM repoM.
pass out (5th)
1 () pa3,Q.aBaTb 6e3B03Me3.Q.HO, pa3D.8PMBaTb
'Iro-n. . This advertisingfirm will pass olllfree samples
of cosmetic.r 10 draw our attention. 0 I.JTo6b1 nPHBne<tb
Hawe BHMMaHMe. 3Ta peK11aMHaR. c!>MpMa 6y.o.eT pa3-
A8BaTb 6ecnnaTHo 06pa3 ICOCMeTM'IeCICMX Cpe.o.CT8.
=> give Dill
2 (v adv) pa3r. TepRTb C03HaHMe, na,Q,STb B 06MOPOIC
. After Ihat accident he often passes oul. 0 nocne 3TO-
ro C11y'IaR OH 'IaCTO TePReT C03HaHMe. =:> go oul
pay 5b 15th out
1 () Bblnna'lMBaTb 'ITO-n. (38pa60rHYIO nnary,
npeMHIO. npol..I.eHTbI H T.n.). Jte have been waiting for
paying oul our wage.r for three months. 0 Mbi *AeM
BbinnaTbi 3apnnaTbi TPM MeCSIL.
2 (v n adv) pa3r. Omna'lMBaTb, OTOMCTMTb leoMy-n. (38
'ITO-n.) 'B03MO)I(HO C npeA/10rON for" . Have you pa;d
them oul for filer)'tJllng? 0 Tbi 3a Bee MM omnaTM11?
=:> PO)' back

457
-
Ick sb I sth out
1 (v n adv) Bbl6t1paTb, nOA6"'paTb 1C0ro-n./'fTO-n. ("3
K8KOH-n. rpynn nlO.QeH, npe.aMeTOB) . The pedagogi-
cal board has picud Ollt ten students for the City
Olympiad. 0 neAaror"''feCKt1M COBeT Bbl6pan AeCSlTb
V'laCH Ha ropoACKYIO Ont1Mnt1a.AY.
2 (v n adv) Bbll1eJ1S1Tb, OTnt1'faTb, Y3H8BaTb Koro-n./
'lTo-n. (cpe.QH .apyrnx) . She picJud me out as long ago
QS at school. 0 OHa ee B wlCone BbiAenHIIa MeHSI.
3 () nOA'fepKMBaTb, Bbll1enSITb, OTTeHsm., BbI-
nR'fMBaTb 'lTo-n. . In any conversation my uncle tries to
.- pick Ollt his superiority in this affair. 0 B m060M pa3-
- roBope MOH .111'1.111'1 crapaerCH nOI1'fepKHyrb CBoe npe-
8QCXOI1CTBO B 3TOM l1ene.
play out (8th)
1 (v adv) MrpaTb BHe 110Ma, Ha yn t1 LIe , CHapy>KM
. Children, play Ollt somewhere. you are maldng so
much noi.fe. 0 eTM, MrpaHTe rAe-HM6YAb B l1PyroM
MecTe. Bbi O'feHb WYMMTe.
2 I v adv n ) pa3b1rpblBaTb 'fTO-n. (CLJeHY, 6aranHIof,
CK8H.Q8n" T.n.) 06b1"HO Passive}> . Do you knowany-
thing about a big row that is being played Ollt in our
town? 0 Tbi 'fTO-HM6YAb cnblwana 0 rpoMICOM CKaHAa11E!.
KOTOPblH pa3b1rpblBaeTCH B HaweM ropoAe? = act Ollt
, , In (v adv) = pop along / around I down I IfI
lover / round
., r In/Into sth
(v adv, v pr) nOCTynaTb B oonbwoM KOnWtecTBe. npM-

458
-
BanKTh (8 KaKoe-fl. MeCTO) . Plenty of letters ,.
pound iIf (or: ... ilflD our programme). 0 Macca mt.:
nocrynM11a IC HaM (HIIH: ... 8 HaWY nporpaMMy).
pour (sth) out
(vadv. v n adv) pa3I1MBaTb ('ia, HanMTKM M T.n.) . Y
please, pour out (Ihe coffee). and 1'/1 bring some swee
o TbI, nOJlC8J1yMcTa, pa3J'leM (Ko$&), a SI npt4Hecy 
AOCTM.
pull sb I 5th In (v n adv)
1 pa3r. 3apaOaTblB8Tb'fTo-n., nolTy'tan., 3aWMOan.X'
poWMe AeHbfM . He used 10 pllU Q big sum in, but r
he even can 'I find a job. 0 PaHbWe OH 33paOaTbI: :
KPYJ1HYIO cyMMy AeHer, a ceH'I3C OH lIiDICe He MO
HaKnt pa60ty.
2 pa3r. npMTRrMB8Tb, npMBneKaTb 1C0ro-n. (03{JeflH
cot5na3HHTeflbHbIX B03MOJI(H(}(;ffD( H T.n.) . This juggJ;.
pllUed in a/l our town. 0 3TOT 4>oKYCHMK npMBJ1E!K : . .
Haw ropoA.
pull (sb) Inllnto 8th
1 (v adv, v pr) npMe3)l(8Tb, Bbe3XaTb, npMOblB8Tb (ICY
Aa-n.) . Why is the bus pulling iIf (or: ... i",o Ihis SlOP
ahead of schedule? 0 neMy aBT06yc npMOblB8eT (
:,ITY OCTaHOBKY) paHbwe nonmKeHHoro?  pull oull II
of
2 (v n pr) BTArMB8n., BOBneKaTb Koro-n. B KalCoe-
A&.nO . / am afraid he pulled her i"to Q dirty busir
o 6olOCb, '1TO OH BTSIHYn ee B rpsl3H08 llano.
pull out I out of sth (v adv, V pr)
1 OTnpaenSITbCA (M3 KalCoro-n. MeeTa), OTbe3)KaT.

459
OTXOAl'lTb . Will we have time to buy tickets before the
bus pulls out (of the station)? <> Mbi ycnee... KYnMTb 6",-
. , -:. I18Tb1/J,O ompaBneHMA aBT06yca (OT CT3HW'lM)? => pull
III/into
2 p113r. npeO/J,oneTb HenpJ.1ATHoe COCTOAHJ.1e; BepHyTb-
:) CfI B J(opowee pacnono*eHl'le .o.yxa . He ;s out of.pir-
ils. but I am sure he '1/ pullout (of it) soon. <> OH He B
. Ayxe, HO R YBepeH, TO CICOpO OH BbliilAeT M3 3Toro CO-
CTOAHJ.1R.
, . h In (v adv)
..
1 8TMCHyrbCA, Bne3Tb (8 Tonny, 8 O'lepe.ab H r.n.;
o6oJ'IHO 6e3COrnaCHRAPyntx) . Tell him not to push in,
tAere is no room here. <> CKaJKMTe eMY, 'IT06b1 He npo6M-
paI1CR, 3D.ecb HeT ...ecTa.
. -:- 2pa3r. B...eWMBaTbCR, BneaaTb B pa3rOBOp, npepblBaTb
. /J,Y. We should break him of the habit of pushing
. "without our permission. <> Ha... CJ1e/J,yeT otyI'ITb ero
: OT npHBbIKI'I BMeWl'lBaTbCR B pa3rOBop 6e3 Hawero
- pa3peweHHA.
'. h sb/sth Into sth (v n pr)
1 BTa11KJilBaTb, BnHXHeaTb, BTI'ICICMBaTb. aaCOBbiBaTb
KOro-n./TO-n. KYIJ.8-I1. . If you push any more thing.
MtD the packed freezer the fridge will fail. <> EcnH TbI
."HXHeWb B nOI1HblM Mopo3l'1nbHI'IK eW.e TO-TO, )(OnO-
, AWlbHl'IK Hcnopn..-rCA.
. 2 BblHY/J,MTb, 33CT3BMTb lCorO-I1. c.o.enaTb TO-I1. . Those ..
'-miners intend to push government into paying off al/
. due salary. <> 1e waxTepbl H3MepeHbI aaCTaBHTb npaBI'I-
Tel1bCTBO Bblnn3TMTb BCIO npl'lHTalOW.YIOCSl aapnnaty.

460
..
put (sb/sth) In (sth)
1 (v adv, v n adv) BCTaBJ1RTb (cnOBO, penm.1t<y) S 
roBOp; BMew",eaTbCSI, npepblBaTb (pa3roBOp, 6ece,.q
3aMonBIo1Tb cnoso (38 Koro-n_/"ITo-n.) . Please. put ill
gootllVord for my son. 0 nOJKaJlYCTa, 3aMOnSIll C
Be<fICO 3a Moero CblHa. . "Bur you tlidn 'I do Ihal," pill
.Mike. 0 ..Ho Tbi )ICe He J1enan 3Toro". - BMeW£'
MaMIC.
2 (v n adv, v n pr) BIUllo'mTb "To-n. (s Han",caHH.
TelCcT); J106aSnRTb, SCTaBnb 'fTo-n. (B Ha",caHHOe
. /'/1 JUM PUI in .mme addilional words and fini...h m
letter. () SI TonblCO J106asIIK> HeCKonbKO cnOB '" 3aICO
csoe nIo1CbMO. . You didn 'I PUI a Jimny episode in yo
SlOI)( 0 Tbi He SCTaSlo1n CMeWHO 3n"'30J1 S cso pac.
CKa3_
3 (v n adv) 3aTpa""'BaTb KaKoe-n. speMSI, KaK"'e-lI.
yc",n",SI (Ha "ITo-n.); noeSSITb ('1eAfy-n.), 3anOnHRTb
('1eAf-n.) KalCoe-n. BpeMA ''!BCTO C nocne,QylOwe" in(1-
$Opuo" Present Participle, . To finish ,his work il i.'> nec-
essary 10 put in much effort and lime. 0 YTOObi 3aICOH-
..Io1Tb 3Ty paOoTy, HaJ].O 3aTpaT"'Tb Macey YCWU1M '" spe-
MeH"'. . Why nol pili a minule in "dying your...elf up?
o nQAleMY Obi He nOT"paT"'Tb XOTb Mlo1ttyTO"t<y. ..TOObi
np",secTIo1 ce6s1 B noD.OIC.
4 (v n pr) OTJ].aBaTb 1C0ro-n. t<yJ].a-n. (s yore(jHoe 3aS6-
IJeHHe H T.n.) . We wouldn ',like 10 put our .,>on in Ihis
,,,'ud)' glVup. 0 Mbi 6b1 He XOTen", aanlo1CblBaTb Hawero
CblHa S 3TOT KpyJKOK.
5 (v n adv) CTaSIIITb lCoro-n. y BnaCTIo1; "'36lo1paTb, SbI-
6"'paTb lCoro-n. (Ha PYK080IJJlH noeT) . Who put Ihis

461
party in? () KTO 3T)' napT\llIO 6paI1?  cOllie in, get
inlinto
6 (v adv, v n adv) nOMBaTb 3aR811eHMe, npocb6y (.lvIR
K81C0il-n. tlenu); Tpe608aTb ero-n. .(B03MOJKHO C nocne-
.AYIOtUHM npe.nnorOM for  . The workers have put in (a
claim) for increasing payment. 0 Pa60'fMe norpe60Ba1ll"
yaeIlH'feHMR onllan>l. . I am thinking of putting ;n now
Uor a new job). ()  nOI1YMbiBaIO ceiil'fac no,o,aTb
3aR811eHHe Ha H08YlO pa60TY.  be in for
put sb In for sth (v n adv pr)
1 CnopT. 8KJ1IO'IHTb KorO-II. K'/fJj3.-II. (s COpeSHOS8HHe. S
KOHICYPC) 8 lCa'fecT8e y-.aCTHMlCa . My c;oach will PUI me
in for Ihe /00 metres. 0 Moiil Tpettep 8KJ1IO'fHT MeHR 8
HCIIO Y'!aCTHHKOB 6era Ha cTOMeTpo8KY.  en,er for,
go in for
2 peKoMeH,o,OBaTb, npel1CTaBHTb 1C0rO-II. (s Ka'4ecTBe
lCaH..Q"tQaTa) Ha ,o,OJVKHOCTb H T.n. . II:.. high time to put
him in for award. 0 YJKe fJj3.8HO nopa 8b1,O,SHHyrb ero K
npe.ACTaBlleHHIO Harp3Jlbl.
put sth In 1 Into sth (v n adv, v n pr)
1 KJ1aCTb, nOMeTb 'fTO-II. 8 KaKoe-lI. MeCTO . Whe"
you fini...h your homework put the pen.'!" and pencils in
(or: ... into a drawer). <> KorfJj3. TbI 3aKOH'fHWb CBOIO
.AOMaWHIOIO pa60T)'. y6epM C80H PY'!IU'I M KapaH.A3WM (B
CTOII). => tllU outlou' of
2 8KJ13JlblBaTb ,o,eHbrH (s 6aHIC), nOIlOJKloITb KaKYIO-II. 1m
cyMMY Ha C'leT; HH8eCTHpOBarb .AeHbrM (80 'fTO-II.) . If
you put your money in (or: ... ;nto Ihat hank) you '/I losl
it. () ECI1M Tbi BIIOJKMWb CeoM AeHbrH (8 TOT 6aHI<). TO
nOTepReWb MX.

462
III
3 npHllaraTb, 3aTpa'lHBaTb ycKJIHR, 3Hepn11O (Iia 'ITO-
":'I8CTO nocne npe,Q1lora into Hcnol1b3yeTcII ing.<!Iop
gerund'» . f put all my thoughts in to find (or:... .
finding) a decision. 0 SI HanpaBHI1 Bce CBOH MblcnH
n01«:1C peweHMR.
· put 8th Into force
(v n pr) BBeCTM 'ITCH!. B AeMCTBMB (npasnna. HOPMbI
T. n. ); Cl1enaTb 'ITO-n. o(5R3aTel1bHblM (s coorsercrBHH .
3aKOHOM, HHcrPYKHeH H r.n.). These financial limit ,
tions were put into force by the latest decree. 0
MHaHcoBble orpaHM'IeHMR (5b1nM BBeAeHbI HOBbI
YKa30M. -= be in force. come into force
put 8b 18th out [HMeeTeR inv)
1 (v n adv) npOTRrHBaTb, BblTRrHBaTb PYICH, HOof
. Don "t put your hands out or you '// turn up your IOU.
o He npoTSIrMBaM PYICH, SI TO npoTJIHBWb HorM.
2 (\£.D..a.dY:) BblrOHRTb, BblCTaBnRTb Koro-n. . She usual-
\! puts him out when he i... drunk. 0 OHa 06b1'1HO ero
BblCTaBl1SIeT 3a ABepb, KorAS OH nbSlH.
3 (v n adv) H3,!1aBaTb, BblnYCK8Tb 'ITO-n. (6powlOpt.I.
nHCTOSKH, HH</:IopMaI4.HOHHble coot5UJeHHSI H T.n. ) . r
government put out un instruction explaining privileg
for the population. 0 npaBMTel1bCrBO BblnYCTMI10 MH-
CTpYICMIO, pa3bRCHRlOutYIO. KaIC nOI1b30BaTbCR nbro-
TaMM.
- output
[n] npOAYICR: BblnyCIC
4 (v n advl npMBecTH Koro-n. B 6ecc03HaTel1bHoe co-
cToRHMe, B cMRTeHMe; BblBeCTH Koro-n. M3 HOpM3I1b-
Horo COCTOSlHMR . This news put him out. 0 3T0 M3Bec
'TMe BblOM110 ero M3 1C011eH

463
read 5th into 5th
(v n pr) Obll1CKI1BaTb TO-n., HClCaTb lC3J(o-n. 0c06b1H
CMblCn, oc06oe Ka'lCCTHO H KOM-n./'leM-n. .1, seems 10
me .''011 haw! reud inlo Ihls .<f'ntellce a new ",<'ailing of
Ihe phmsal 'erb. MHO KaJKeTCSI, Thl o()HaPYXl1n HOBoe
3HaeHl1e I!>pa30Boro marOM B 3TOM npeWIO]l(eHI1I1.
read slh out (v n adv) (HM88TCSI 0)
1 I1TaTb To-n. ecnyx. rpoMJ(O . Ollr leaL-her read 0111
\'en' mlu1..<lmg poem loda)' 0 Hawa }"jI1TCnbHl1ua 11-
T8na (ecnyx) Cer01l,HR oeHb I1HTepecHoe CTHXOTSO-
pe.tl1e.  reall IIff
2 Bbl,WlBaTb KaKl1c.n. ,WlHHbl8, K8JCY1O-n. I1HctK>PM3W'1O
(I/a /lIfCnneH) . The complller call read alii/Ie 1e.'Cl of
dlclmnan' oul. 0 KOMnblOTep MOJK8T nOKa38Tb Uecb
TeKCT cnOBapR.
a read-out
(nJ BblBO.o. (1/8 3KpaH .QHCfJneJI) . O,<ck Ihe OI&S....er by
Ih< rl'ad-OUI 0 npoBepb OTBeT no H306paJKeHI1IO HB
AI'Icnnee.
ride out (5th) [11MeeTCSI iov)
1 (v adv) Bble3JK8Tb 38 ropo.o. 113 uaceneHHoro nytiKTa
. If ho dId he ride OUI w;lh 10 lilL lalrel 0 C KeM OH
yexan UB 038po?
- outride
(vi neperHaTb, onepe,nI1Tb lEI
2 () OblJJ,epJKaTb, BbiCTORTb (s nnoxylO nora.ay.
WTOPM); BblHTI1 113 TpY.l1Horo nOnOJKeHI1R KPH311ca
. D"rillg sew!r/ll n!cenl )'('IIT.< ""T COlmlT)' ha.< heen IT)'-
",X 10 Tlt/e oUI UII l'CfJIwmlC C'n.l.\. 0 B nocne,nHHe

464
HeCICOl1b1CO l1eT HaWa CTpaHa nbiTaeTCR SblHTM 1113 3K.
HOMIIIecKoro ICpM3MCa.
roll In 5th
(v pr) pS3r. MMeTh TO-I1. B 0011bWOM 1C011M\jeCTee;
-lC}'naTbCSI- B .o.eHbfax, B AParoueHHOCTS!X III T.n. 8CTO
Continuous#> . I en,,:v rich men. Iheir wifes are rolling ill
furs. 0  33BMAYIO OoraTbiM. Ii\)( )KeHbI IC}'naIOTCA S Me.
xax.
· roll (sb) In the aisles
(v pr, v n pr) CMl1bHO paCCMeWIIITb KorO-I1.; KaTaT co
CMexy, XOXOTaTb . SlOp joking. you rolled us in the
aides. 0 nepeCTaHb WYTIIITb, Tbi Hac YMOpMI1. . When he
,vlart.V joking I can 'I help rolling in the aisles. 0 KorAa OH
HaMHaeT WyrMTb, $I YKaTbiBaIOCb co cMexy.  roll
about/around
roll 5th out
tv n adv) pacnpAMI1ATh, pa3r11aJKMBaTb, paCKaTbiBaTh
"To-n. . The table-cloth looks lmlic/.i: roll if out. 03ra
CKaTepTb BbirnAAMT HeonpATHO, pa3f11a,o,b ee.
round 5th out
(v n adv) 1l0BOllMTb TO-I1. .0.0 COBepweHCT83,
OTTaIIIBaTb 'fTO-I1. . I adi'ise )'OU 10 go abroad fOr
rounding Ihe foreig" language out. 0 COBerylO 83M no-
exaTb 38 rpaHMltY AnA COBepweHCTBOBaHMR MHO-
ID CTpaHHoro A3b1Ka.
rub 5th In
tv n adv) paaf. "KanaTb Ha M03rM» ..eM-I1.; BAa11011M83Tb
To-n. B rOIlOBY . MI" mOlher can 'I help rubbing the

465
rules of a good behaviour ill. 0 MOA MaTb He MO)l(eT
o6o£'inlCb Oe3 Toro, "T06b1 He HanOMH...Tb 0 npaa...nax
xopowero noae.o.eH"'A.
rule sth out
(v n adv) C'fMTaTb "TO-II. HeAonycTMMblM, Hea03MO)l(-
HblM; ...c1U11O..aTb, npeAOTBpalUaTb, 3anpelUaTb 'frO-II.
t Why did he rule such a possibility OUI? 0 nO'leMY OH
MCIU1IO.....11 TaKyIO a03MO)l(HOCTb? t It s not rulled oul
that the weather will become WOT.S'e. 0 He ...clU1lCNeHo,
'frO norOAa ...cnopTMTCA.
run sb 18th In
1 I v n adv ) pa3r. 3aO...paTb, 3a,D.ep)l(MaaTb KorO-I1.
<l:06b1'1HO Passive},> t What halle they done? I heard the
police have run them ;11. 0 YTO OHM c,a.el1an...? H CI1b1-
wan, "TO MX 3a6panM B nOI1...U\o1IO.
2 (v n adv) OOKaTbiBaTb MaWMKY, MOTOUMIU1 M T.n.:
AeTlaTb npoOHble nOe3D,KM . When running his bicycle
/n he fell down and hurt his hand. 0 KorAa OH oOKa-
TblBaI1 eaOH BeI1OCMneA, OH ynan M noapeAWI PYKy.
run Into sb I sth (v pr)
1 HeO>KMAaHHO CTOI1ICHVT C lCeM-I1.!'IeM-I1., HaTOI1K-
HYT Ha 1C0ro-I1./'iTO-I1. . You can .t iftl(Jgine who I ran
into two days ago. 0 Tbi He npeACTaal1AeWb, Koro A
BCTpeTMTIa ABa ,/J,HA Ha3a,O,. => come across
2 nonaCTb a 30HY yparaHa, a WTOpM, B nOl1ocy nOJKapa II
M T.n. . Hope. they avoid running inlo a forest fire.
o Ha.AeeMcA. "TO OHM He nonan... a 30HY l1eCHoro
nO)l(Spa.

466
III
run (sb) out [HMeeTCf! inv]
1 (v adv, v 0 adv) esp BtE Cbe3JUIITb, MaxHyrb (Ky,Qa-n.);
CB03HTb, nOA6pocMTb 1C0ro-n. (JCy,Qs-n.) B03MO*HO c
nOCJlellM npeA/lOrOM to' . We should '1111 011' 10 our
dacha as soon as possible. 0 Mbi AomKHbI Cbe3,O,HTb Ha
Hawy IJIJ'4Y KaIC MO)I(HO clCopeH. . Would you, please, '1111
us 0111 ,ill nearesl viI/age? 0 nOA6poCbTe Hac, oO)l(a-
nyHcTa, AO 6nMJKaHweH AepeBHM.
- outrun
[v) onepeJKaTb, 06rOHATb (Koro-n.)
2 (v adv) TepRTb CHny. nepeCTaTb AeHCTBOBaTb, CTa-
HOBMTbCR HeAeMcTBMTenbHblM . You are referring 10 a
law which ,an 011' ten years ago. 0 Tbi cCblnaewbCR Ha
3aKOH, 1C0TOPblM nOTePRn amy AeCSlTb neT H33aD..
run (sb) out/out of sth (HMeeTCSl inv]
1 (vadv, v pr) Bbl6eraTb (oTKYIJIJ-n.) (0 nKJ,D.RX, )/(HBOT-
HbIX); BbiTeKaTb (oTlcYIJIJ-n.) (0 JI1CKOCTH) . When les-
sons were over al/lhe pupils TIlII 0111 (of the school).
o KorlJlJ ypoKM 3aKOH'4MnMCb, Bee Y'leHMIG1 Bbl6eJKal1M
M3 WlConbi. . What i.f Ihe liquid Ihat is rllnning 011' (of
Ihe car)? 0 'iTO 3TO aa )l(MAICOCTb BbiTeKaeT (M3 MaWM-
HbI)?
- outrun
[v] y6eJKaTb (OT Koro-n.), Bblt5eraTb
2 (vadv, v pr) 1C0H'lBTbCR, MCCRKaTb, MCTeKaTb, 6bITb Ha
McxoAe (0 3snacax. 0 epeMeHH, 0 TepneHHH H r.n.)
-{Anti Cn)"l8t1 run out}>; MCnbITbiBaTb HeXBaTlC}', MC'4epnarb
aanac '4ero- n. .....antl CnY'(!lR run out 01» . What 10 do? The
sugar has rlln 011' (or: We've rUII 0111 of sugar). 0 '-ITO

467
AenaTb? Caxap KOH-.K11CS1 (H/lU: Y Hac 1C0H....nCSl caxapl.
 be ou' oJ. R; ou,
3 (v n adv. v n pI) esp ArnE pa3r. BblrOHRTb lCoro-n.
(oTlcYM-II.I. Please run this dog ou' (of our entrance).
o nOJKa1lyHCTa. BblrOH..Te 3Ty co6aKY ("3 Hawaro noAb-
e3.o.a1.
run out at 5th
(vadv pI) ("_TCII inv) paN. AOCT..raTb I(8ICOH 6 11. Bell"-
....HbI, HaOeraTb (0 lCalCoii-n. cyMMel . The cost of our
trip by toxi ran out at 50 doJ/ars. 0 noe3JJ.K8 Ha TaICC"
oOownaCb HaM B 50 JJ.Ol1napoB.
- outrun
(v) npeUbiwaTb (no KOnU'IeCTSY U T.n.), npecrynaTb
(npe.aenbl. rpaHHUbI)
see sth out
(v n adv) p83r. npOCHJ1eTb. npoAep)l(8TbCSI. npoJICHTb,
npoAOIIJICMTb AeRTel1bHOCTb B T8'teHMe K8ICOI"o-n. ne-
P"OM BpeMeHM . There was no necessity at all to see
the whole month ou' here. 0 He 6b1no H"I(8ICOH HBOC5-
XOAli\MOCTM BbIJIC.ulaTb 3.AeCb l.I.enblH MLI,.
Me sb out I out of sth
(v n adv, v n pI) npoBO)I(8Tb lCoro-n. AO BblXO.o.a (M3
1C0MHaTbl, 3Jl.8H .. T.n.) . Our boss is very polite. he
saw me out (of his office). 0 Haw Ha..atlbHMIC O'4BHb
BeJlU1MBblH, OH npOBOJJ.Kl1 MeHSI .0.0 .o,eepeM (ceoero II
O<llHca).
seek sb out
(v n adv) pa3b1CK8Tb, HaMTM Koro-n. (nocne I1OHCKOS)

468
III
. AI lasl. manaKed 10 see" my friend 0111 when f goilO
his country house. () HaKoHeu MHe YMJ10Cb pa3b1CKaTb
CBoero J:lPyra, Kor,Q,a A lI.o()pancA lI.O ero 3Bropo,D,Horo
lI.OMa.
sell out I out of sth
(v adv, v pr) pacnpo,naBaTb I KaKOM-II. TOuap) oollHo-
CTbIO . We sold 0111 (of American jean..) as ear(v as in
Ihe morning. () Mbl3BICOH'IHIIH pacnpo.Q.a:IICY IHnH: ... Mbi
pacnpOMJ1H aMepHKaHCKHe lJ.)ICHHCbI) elJ..le yrpoM.
set (sth) in [HeeTCIl n H inv)
1 Iv acIv) Ha'lHHaTbCA (0 WTOpMe, yparaHe); yCTaHao-
IIHoaTbCA (0 noro.o.e); Hacl)'naTb (0 ce30He, 0 A8JJeHH'"
npHpo.o.bI), HanaJl,aTb (0 COMHeHHAX, AenpeCCHH H T.n.)
. AI/the May we expected the warm weather 10 set in.
() Becb MaH Mbi )I(.I1311H. 'ITO YCTaHOBHT TennaR no-
roD,a. . II happened to him before Ihe depression sel ill.
() 3To Cny'lHIIOCb C HHM nepell. TeM, KaIC HaCl)'n"'lIa .I1e-
npeCCHR.
2 (v n adv) BCTaBlUlTb, YCTaHaBJ1...uaTb 'ITO-II. (0 Ka-
Koe-n. Mecro). What el...e mu.ff you set in here? <> "Iro
eU!e Obi AOIPKHbI CIOD,a BCTaB...Tb?
D set-In
[n] BCTaBKa . Plea.'i:t! don " mi.'is Ihe...e IWO set-ins.
<> nmKanYHCTa, He ynYCTHTe 3T"'lI.Be BCTaBIC....
- innf
[v]BCTaBIIATb,BKIIsaTb
[n]BCTaBlCa.B K naD.K3
set (5th) out [HMeeTCA iov)
1 Iv adv) npHcl)'naTb, Ha'lHHaTb (.D.enaTb 'fTo-n. C

469
onpe,QeneHHbiMM HaMepeHMRMU) <..aCTO C nocne.QyxJ-
U1MM MHqlMHMTMBOM to do» . He sel 0111 to prove his case
but cou/dn 't manage it. 0 OH nycnmcR AOKa3b1BaTb
CBOIO npaBOTY, HO 3TO eMY He YA800Cb.
- outset
(n) Ha't811bHblM 3Tan; OTnpaBl1eHHe
2 (v n adv) paCCTaBJIRTb, paCKnaAblBaTb, pacnOl1araTb
'frO-II. . The teacher set que.tion carris out on his table.
o YHTellb pa3110*H11 3K3aMeHa4HOHHble 6MlleTbI Ha
CBOeM CT011e. =:> lay out
3 (v n adv) npeACTaBIIRTb, 3aRBI1RTb, H311araTb 'fTO-11.
(lo(IleH. ycnOBHR, nonOJICeHUR M T.n.) . He was ask£d to
set 0111 his reason.r in defence of the project. 0 Ero no-
npocH11M H300)l(HTb CBOH AOBOAbi B 3auuny npoeKTa.
=- set forth
4 (v adv) ompaaHTbCR (s .nopory), Ha'faTb nyrewecT-
SMe, Bble3JKaTb (s onpe,QeneHHOM HanpasneHuM) "'laC.
TO C nocneoQ)'IOUUIM npeWlOrOM on, . I didn't notice when
they set 0111 (on a contest). 0 s:I He 3aMeTM11, KorA8 OHM
ompaBM/lMCb (Ha COpeBttOBaHMe). =:> sel forth
show sb In
(v n adv) npOBOAHTb 1C0rO-II. BHyrpb notelLteHHR -4:'IaCTO
C nocJIeI1yxJUlMM npeA/10rOM to» . Please, wait for me
here. /'11 just show them in to my boss study. 0 no*a-
nyiiicTa. noJJ,O)IWM MeHR 3l1ecb, R T011bKO npoBeJJ,Y MX B
Ka6HHeT Moero HaanbHHlCa. 1&
.how sb out I out of sth
(v n adv, v n pr) BblBOJJ,m"b, npoBOdTb 1C0rO-II. (oncy-
Aa-n.) . Wait for Q moment here. /'1/ just show the group

470
of tourists olll (o/the museum). 0 nOD.O)k,AHTe 3D.eCb, 51
TOnbKO BbI&eD.Y rpynny TYPMCTOB (K3 MY3eR).
shut sb/sth In (sth)
(v n adv, v n pr) 3anMpaTb, 3alCpblBaTb Koro-n./To-n. (B
lCaKOM-n. nOMeweHMM) . She shut her children in (their
room) and remembered about it only by the evening.
o OHa 3anepna AeTeA (B MX KOMHaTe) M BcnOMHMna 06
3TOM TonbKO IC B!Nepy.
shut sb I sth out I out of sth (HMeeTCSl n)
1 (v n adv. v n pr) He BnyCKaTb, He nponyCKaTb Koro-n.1
To-n. (KYl!.8-n.) . The blinds shut the slmlight oul (0/
my sllldy). 0 )Kan103M He ,o.aBaI1M npOHMKHYTb COI1H!N-
HOMY cBery B MOM Ka6MHeT.
2 (v n adv) pa3r. nOMeWaTb npoT\1BHMKY Mnlll conepHMKY
nOf1Y'lMTb npeHM)'wecTBo; 6noICHpoBaTb 1C0ro-n./To-n.
. He raised his hands to slrut the blowout. OOH nO,Q,HR11
PYKM, T06b1 6noKHpoBaTb Yl!.8p.
a shut-out
In] Mrpa C cyxl1M C'feTOM . It wa. the seventh shul-DNt
of season. 0 3TO ()bIJla y>Ke CeD.bMaA Hrpa C CYXHM c...e-
TOM 3a ce30H.
III
sit In
(v adv) (HMeeTCR n] yCTpalilBaTb CHDJ'I'fYIO 3a6acTOBKY
. The miners sat in in front of the White HOILe and re-
qlllred paring off their salal'} 0 WaxTepbl YCTpolllnM
CM,AA'fYIO 386aCTOBKY nepeA 6enbiM AOMOM M nOTpe-
60Ba1lM BbinnaTbllllX 3apnnaTbi.

471
a Bit-In
(n) CIo\IUI'taJI386aCTOBK8 . They tire Irying 10 gel a good
resull by the sit.;". 0 OHVI nblTalOTCSI AotiVlTbCSI xopowe-
ro pe3YllbTaTa CMAR'Ie 38tiacr08KO.
alt 5th out (v n adv) [HMeeTCfl inv)
1 nponYCUITb '11'0-11.; CMAeTb B CTopoHe, He yotaCTll)'Sl B
'1eM-II. . We decided 10 sit ollllhe lecture. 0 Mbi peWVl-
1IV1 nponycTHTb 119KUMIO.
2 BblCVlJlUlBaTb, npocMJICVlBaTb AO KOHU8 '!ero-II. (Cf16K-
TaKllfl. 4>HnbM8 H T..n.) .1 am nol going to go wilh him.
he can never silthe concert 0111. 0 R He c06V1pa1OCb MATH
C HVlM, OH HMlCorM He MOJkeT nOC"lD,eTb AO KOHU8 KOH-
I.4epTa.  sil ,lrrollP
- out.lt
(v) 3aCVI)KMBaTbCSI (8 I"OC'TRX)
sort sb I sth out (v n adv)
1 paccOpTVlPOBaTb, pa3MeCTMTb Koro-n./'1TO-n. B
onpeAeneHHoM nOpA,O,Ke . It'lilalce him much time 10
sort 0111 phrasal verbs in alphabelic order.. 0 EMy no-
rpetiyeTCfI MHoro BpeMeHVI. 'fT06b1 pacnOIlO)KKTb 4>pa-
30Bbie marOllbl no 811$aBmy.
2 ynaJl(Vl88Tb, paapewaTb 'fTO-II. (npot5neMy, .Qena),
paCnyTblBaTb'lTO-n. (TPY.QHYIO CHTy8qHIO tI T..n.), pa3O-
6paTbCA B 'leM-II. . To know who is 10 blame we have 10
sort Ihe situation 0111. 0 YT06b1 3HaTb, lITO BMHOBaT, HaM 
npMAeTCfI pa306paTbCA B CVlTYal4l1M. ...
apeakout
(v adv) (HMeeTC1I inv) BblCK83b1BaTbCA OTKpt,lTo, rQBO-

472
pMTb OT'ieTI1MBO . Follow Mike s example - he always
speaks OI4L 0 68PMTe npMM8p C MaHIea - OH BcerJJ,a
rOBopHT ACHO.
- outspeak
[v) BbiClea3b1BaTbCA npAMo, CM811O; rOBOpMTb Bblpa-
3MTe11bHee, f1Y'Iwe (<<oro-n. )
stand In
(vadv) [HMeeJ'CII n) 3aMeHATb, 3aMeutaTb (<<oro-n. ape-
MeHHo) ......aCTO C nocneAM npeA/10rOM for'» . Who
will stlmd in (for him) while he ;." ill? 0 KTO ero 3aMe-
HMY. nOIea OH 60n8H?  fill in
D stand-In
In) 3aMeH3; 3aMeCTlo1Tel1b, .Qy611ep . Who will be his
stand-in while he is ill? 0 KTO 8ro 3aMeHIo1T. nOIea OH 60-
neH?
m
stand out (v adv) [HMeeTeR n H inv]
1 OTXO.QMYb B CTOPOHY, BblXO.QMTb ..,3 rpynnbl . Why are
you standinR Ol4t when everybody must be near me?
o nO'IeMy Tbi CTOMWb B CTopoHe, KorJJ,a Bce .QOI1)1(Hbi
6b1Tb 01C0110 MeHA?  stand apart. stand aside
2 6b1Tb 3aMeTHblM, 8bl,Qemm.al. OT11M'IaTbCR (aT Koro-n./
'lero-n.) .;£06b1..HO S mp/e Tenses; B03MO*HO c nocne,!l)'lO-
IUHM npeAllOroM from"" . This nt'w cOllage stands Ollt
from the rest houses. 0 3TOT HOBblH 1C0TTe.Q)K 3aMeTHO
OT11Io1'1aeTCA OT OCT8nbHblX .nOMOB.
D standout
[nJ 'fTO-I1. 3aMe'laTel1bHoe, BbI.Q,lIoeeCSI . Thi... new
cottage IS a real standout. 0 3TOT HOBblH KOTTe.Q)K - Ha-
CTORee np0lo13BeAeHtle tlCICYCCTBa.

473
- outBtBnd
(v) 8b1Ael1, 8b1CTYJ13Tb
(adj) (outstanding) Bbl,D,alOUlMHcR, 3HaMeHMTblA
3 ynopHO COnpOTlilBrnlTbCR ('leAfY-n.), TBePJ10 CTORrb
H3 CBoeM "'B03MOJICHO C nocneAytOUlHM nP8JVlOrOM Bgstnsr..
. Are Ihe miners slill slanding 0111 in front oflhe While
- HOIlSe? 0 WaxTepbl Bee elJ.4e CTQRT tI8 CBoeM nepeA
5e11b1M JJ.OMOM?
D standout
[n] P83r. -.el10Bell:, JIIMelOlJ.4Miii ocoOoe MHeHJlle; MH-
AMBIiIJ1YaJIMCT . I can " rely on him. he IS jusl a slandoul.
o SI He MOry Ha Hero nOllaraTbCSI, OH npocTO JIIHAI/IBJII-
AYaJIIiICT.
stand out for 8th
(v adv pr) H8CTaMBaTb H8 -.eM-II., TBepJ10 CTORTb Ha
"8M-II., He YCTynaTb B -.eM-II. . And now all Ihe ,each-
ers sland out for increasing their .ralary. 0 A Tenepb Bee
MTeIlA H8CTaMBalOT Ha nOBblweHMIiI csoeiii 3apnIlaTbi.
ltayln
(vadv) OCTaBaTbCA BHyrpJII nOMelJ.48HMSI ('IacTO s st.tQe
HaKa38HHR) . Sorry, I am lale because our class stayd
hi for some lime. 0 1i13BIiIHM, A on03J1ii11, TalC 1<811: Haw
kflaCC OCraBMIIJII nocne ypolCOB Ha H81C0TOpoe BpeMA.
 hep in, stop in
y out! out of 8th iii
(vadv, v pr) (HM6eTCfl inv) HaxOJ1MTbCSI, OCTaBaTbCSI CHa-
PY'K1iI (sHe K8Koro-n. nOMeUleHUfI) . I like very milch
Ihis kind of weather. leI me slay Ollt (of our house) for

474
some time. 0 SlIIOOIIIO TaJCYlO noro.o.y, lIaM MHe HeMHOrO
noOblTb Ha Boo.o.yxe (HI7H: ... noOblTb 8He .110M3),
- Our.tay
[vi 3aCMAeTbCR B rOCTJlX; Bbl,D.eJ))KaTb, BbiCTORTb
stay out of sth
(v pr) M30eraTb 'ferO-II.. YX0l!,MTb OT !C8ICMX-I1. Henp...
ATHOCTeM; He KaCaTbCR K8KMX-II. .o.ell; HaXO,D,MTbCR BHe
npe.o.el1OB '1era-lI. . Hope. they Slay oul of danger
doing lhat job. 0 H8,AelOCb. Ha TOM pa60Te 0t;i4 BH8
onaCHOCTM.
step out (v adv)
1 OblCTpO crynaTb, waraTb, M.o.TM "'015b1"HO Simp
Tenses» . To step oul is hisfavourite manner. 0 6b1CTPO
XOAlfTb - 3TO ero 1II00"'MaR MaHepa.
2 pa3r. Beem npaaAHYIO *"'3Hb, nOl1y'laTb y.o.OBOIlb-
CTBIo18 OT *M3H'" ...oOI>I..HO Continuous» . MOSI of people
are steppilfg OUI while you are painting round the clock,
o 60llbWMHCTBO IIlOlI.eM Bell.YT npa3lJ,HblM 00pa3 *M3HM,
nOKa TbllI.eHb III HO'Ib pMcyewb.
stir sth In I Into 5th
(v n adv, v n pr) 3aMeWMeaTb '1TO-II. (B KaICOM-II. Macce.
CMecM) . What i.f this liquid you stirred in (or: ... ill
the dough)? 0 "ITO 3TO 3a *MlI.KOCTb Tbl3aMeWaJ! (B Tec-
Te)?
lIB stop In
(v adv) OCTaeaTbCR BHYTpM nOMeuteH"'R ('1acTO B 
H8K838HHA) . Girls of our class left school but boy!
slopped in for half an hour. 0 ,D,eBO'IICM 1013 Hawero

475
IC11SCca YWI1M H3 WKOI1b1, a MaIIb....MKOB 3a,O.ep)l(aI1M Ha
nol1'lsca. =- SID)" in
stop out
(v adv) Haxonl11bCA, OC18B8Tb01 BHe nOMa, Iia OT-
KpbITOM B03.tI.yxe . D,d 'Ou osk your mOlher, ",h.' shl
\Iopptd oul fO IUle? 0 Tbi cnpocKl18 CBOIO M8MY, nO'ie"')'
OHa ocrauanacb H8 yl1Me 1aK n03,qHO?
take sb/slh In
1 () CJUlBaTb KO"')"I1. KOMHdry, 6pa1h )I(>UlbUOB
38 001181)': 118BaTb KOMy-n. npMIOT . Dan 'Ilell um'blld'
lirm Wi' Innk in IWO girl.. 0 HMKOMY He paCCKS3blBal7l.
'ITO Mbi nocenMnM nBYX neBO'leK
2 Iv n adv) 6pa1b O:8K)'IO-n. HallOMH}'IO paOoty ''4aCIO
npAMOe AOnOnHllHMe II ma-l>Me aerund- . I \-e KOI a
b{lb' and ""IIIIU\'c In laltr ;n I_ pin/{ onrelhinK- 0 Y MeHA
MaI1eHbKI" peOOttOK, M MHe npMneTcA B3RTb H8 nOM
pa60ry HS nMWYCM MaWMltKC.
3 () BKl11O'18Tb B ce6A '1TO-I1., OXBaTblB8Tb '1TO-n.
. Tltn penod of llislory laJ.. ;n IlInc ,,'ut:\'. 03TOT nc-
pMOn MCTOP 111 BK11IO'I8eT Tpl1 BOMHbI.
4 Iv n adv) Bocnpl1Hl1l.1aTb 'ITO-n. InpO'lHTa/ll 08.
yBttlIOHlloe "11" YCI1b/W8HHoe), 6paTb 'ITO-I1. B TonK;
0c03ItaoaTk. nOtuIM8Tb ....To-n. . I IhOlIKhl aboul }'t!SIer-
do}' s allel so cnu/tln I laler ;n whal I was wale/,i,,/{ on
n. 0 SI nyMaJ'Ia a B'IepaIUHCM Cl1y'Iae M n03TO"'Y IWiKaK
He Mor118 JIOHATb, 'ITO A CMOTpel18 no TeneSM.JOpy.
take sb/sth into sth (v n pr)
1 npMHmaTb KorO-11 y ce6A nOMa, npeJ1f18raTb O:OMy-n.
y6e*"e, nP\1IOT rnc-n. . f',. .", nur Ihl'"!' luk,. Iht'"

476


English fr,end Jack inlo 11,,,r home In ,\IV.fCU'" ,..,h a
hearty we/come. 0 l<aJK..I1bIit rOA OHIII P8AYUJHO nplIIlI'"
l.IalOT Csoero aHm"i:ic!Coro APyra ,a;..:f'!Ca y ce6A AOM3 B
MocICBe.
2 B3ATb !Coro-n., YCTpoHTb !Coro-n. Ha pa60ry 8 4>lIIpM8,
H8 3aBOAe H T.n. . Don 'I won;: ,'Our father will le,I..,
,mil ;nlo hI.< p/(lnl. 0 He 6ecnOl(On
, TBOH OTeu npH-
CTpoIliT Te6A Ha C80" 3a801l.
· take sth into account I consideration
(v n pr) Y'lHTblBaTb 'lTo-n., nplllHI1MaTb 'ITo-n. 80 Btllll'
M31111e . Doll 'I "'Ony. II,,'Y II lak
 }'Olir off..r ;nlll ac-
count 0 He BonHyi:icA, OHIII nplllMyT BO 8HIoIl.lall1ll8 TBOe
npell./lO)lCeHH(!. -. alloK' fOT
take sb I sth out (v n adv)
1 BbiBOAHTb, npHrnaWaTb 1C0rO-II. (8 TeSTp, 806tJlecrflO
II T.n.); pa3BneKaTb !Coro-II. . I wonder whIT'!: }'Oll'f elk
,I,at gnJllp of ,ollr;s,s oul Oil ,heir din> IIff Mile HII'
TepecHo, r;yt1.3 Bbi BbiBoAlolnH TV rpynny rypHCTOB B HX
CBoOOAHbI" AeHb.
2 nOlly'laTb, npHo6peTaTb k3k..t!-II. npaBa (.anA'Iero-n.,
H8 'Iro-n.) . l .,ifornmale/y Ihey dllin ", ,a4.. ou, (III In-
.<Ilrtmc: policy and cun 'I ge, mlln.." after ,he flIT!. 0 K co-
)lCanOllHlO, Oint He 3aCTpaxOBaflHCb H He MOryT renepb
nOIly'lHTb ACllbrH nacne nOJKapa.
3 - ,"Ioe aK'ay oul
lID take (sth) out on sb
Iv ad\' pr, v n adv pr) P83r. OTblrJ)blBaTbCA Iia kOM-n.;
Ilenarb !Coro-n. !C03nOI.l OTnyw.CIIIIIA "8 1<II..ecT1Ie npllMQfO
AOnontteHMA MCnOnb3V'OTCA cnoea" things;' . ""gry par-




477


..nL
 .
hnuMn .'laJ.e il) Oulon Ihclr chiIJ"?II. 0 Paccep-
IKeHHble poD.HTemt He 110lt1KHbI OTblrpt,lBaTbCSt H8 CBOMIC
l1e1l1)(.
take sb I sth out! out of 5th (v n adv, v n pr)
1 BblDOD.HTb Koro.n. (oTlcYI18-n.); BblHOCMTb, BbiTaCKH-
BaTb, BblHI1M3Tb'lTO-n. (oTKYI18-n.) . f",.t we shollid
lali
 the dltllrs out ('if Ihe room) and Ihen th lable.
o CHa'la11a ltaM CJ1eAyeT BblIIOCT... C1)'l1bR 10'13 KOMHaTbi. a
OOTOM CTOn. ::) brin/: out out of, /:.., ,)UI / OUI of, pu,
in inlo
2 BblBOD.HTb, YI18llSITb '1TO-n. (rmrH8. KpacKY, rPfl3b If
r.n.) (c '1oro-n., OTKYI18-n.) . tOil 'II new!r 101.. .
IIl/l1S
OUI (oflhu cloth) wIth thu powder. 0 Tbi HI1Korl18 He BbI-
BeJJ.OWb rlRTH8 (c STOM TXaHH) 3ntM nopoWKOM.
talk 5b Into 5th


(v n pr) yrouapl1BaTb lCoro-n. CI1en8Tb "To-n. ...nocne
npeA/lOf"il Into '<iICTO ttCOOnb3)'11rC<lIllO'
p"" f/fHuOd, . II :s-
IlO 1m! talJ.ing hIm int" t"n/enng the Institllle. he stam!,
b
' hl_
 ,/ream to mcon/e a boxa; 0 6ecnol1e3Ho yrosa.
PHB3Tb ero nOCTynaTb 8 HItCTHtyT, 01'1 DepeH CBoeM
M&ne CTaTb 6oKcepoM.
 lalA OUlof
talk 5th out
(v n adv) MC'lepnaTb K3K'y1O-n. TeMY, BOnpoc; pa30'
OpaTbCil D 'IeM-n. 110 KOHIUI; pa3peWKrb KaKoM-n. coop
(ne
o80paMH) . Now we
)101I1d lalli Ollr plan oul.
o TenePt> Mbll10JUt;llbI 33KOH'IMTb o6cY*J1.eHMe Hawero
nnaHa.
· be talked out
(v n awl YCTaTb. oICpHmtyrb OT pa3/"OBOpoB . Im,'11 be




478
lall.:l!d oul "I!re. bill ""I'Kel "otillng. 0 TbI 3Aecb oxpMn-
HeWb OT KpMKa, HO HM'I ro He Ao6bE!WbCR
talk 5b out of 5th
(v n pr) oTrosopMTb KorO-II. OT 'Iero.lI. ..nocne npeAnOr8
out O'..acTO MCnOnb3yeTcA ltI{1.cfIopM8 gerund).. . II:f n I liSt.
lallilll/( 1111" lIut (if LIller",/( "lls IILflltu'e. 0 6ecnone311o
OTrOBapMD8Tb ero OT nocrynnellMR B 3Tor MHCTMTyT.
== tall.: ;1110
think 5th out
Iv n adv) npoJlYMbl03Tb '11"0-11. AeTanbllO, T1U8TenbHo,
AO KOHUB . Beron goi,,/( to her 'OII fhou/d Ihmk all 'Ire
talkmK out 0 npe)l(Jle, 'IeM nOTM K He, TbI AOroKeH
TUliITenbHO npoJlYMaTb Becb pa3foBOJ). == ,hink mr
throw 5b 15th out
1 (V n adv) Obll5paCblBaTb 'ITO-ll. (38 Hemtno6//ocTbIO);
M36aBrnlTbCR OT 4erO-II. ("e"Y"I"ol"O) . YOII occupied
all tire slIelu!s. ""r'H'some old papers lIut. 0 TbI 3aMM
Bce nonKM, Bbl6pocM KalClo\e-HMI5YJlb crapble rS3eTbi.
== COI oul
2 Iv n adv) OT8epraTb, OTK110HRTb. oT6pacl>lBaTb 'ITO-n.
Inpe.tVJoJIIC6HM6, rrllaH M r. n.) . If ,h(.'\' ,hrOK' m)" pial! lIul
J 'II/(l.fe my job. (> EC11M OIlM He npMMyr MO nnall, TO R
nOTepsllO paOory.
3 (y aCV--D) 8b1CICa3aTb 'I1"o-n., Bblpa3MTb 1Ca1C)'1O.n.
Mblcnb He npslMO, tlCOpeJOCIIO, Mt1MOXOAOM . The main
,,"orris. which J "aited {or. he ,hrew out wh.n K,"i". on
,II. bllS. 0 rnaBHblC CIIOBa, 1C0Topble R oJOCM.Qana, OH BbI-
CK83an Mt1MOXOAOM, Kor.na canltOCil 838TOOyC.

479
4 (!L.1UWJ1) cOttBaTb Koro-n. c TOnley, c MblCflH; nocny-
)I<>1Tb npHH'IOH OW.,OKH B "BM-n. . The nt.'W "'lnes.
Ihrew 11.< (Jul Q HOBblH CBI1J1eTenb COHI1 Hac C TOnley.
throw sb out lout of sth
Iv n adv, v n pr) p83r. DblWRhlpI1BIITb Koro-n. 1113 KaKO'
ro-n. nOMeU1.eHHA) . f )'ou alY' dnmJ.. we'll r/.rn... "ou
mil (oj hall. 0 Ecnl1 TbI lIanbelllbCA, MbI BblwHblpHeM
Te&! OTCIOJ1a. - /,,;1'/1. 1/111 OUI'if
turn sb I sth in (v n adv)
1 cnaoaTb, B030paUl,aTb "To-n. (38 Hell8./lo(jHOCTbIO.
nocne HCtIOnb3088HHR.. T.n_) . II slime /() lurn Ihe lope
rr!conler in. lOOI/}' IS Ih. lasl da.l 0 nopa B03DJ)8U1,aTb
M,UHI1TO<!>oH, cerO,O.HA nocnelVlHH J1eHb.
2 pa3r. cnaoaTb Koro-n./"To-n., BbiAiiOaTb Koro-n.
nonHltHH . Dill mu Iurn ;n Ihe golden bracelel }YJII had
[olm"? 0 Tbi c.aan B nol1HU111O 3000TOH 6pacneT, KOTO-
Pbll1l1awen?
3 p83r. OCTaOI1n.., OPOCHTb, ceep'fyY"b KaKyIO-n. J1ef1-
JenbHOCTb, paOory, 3aIlATMe 11 T.n. . This joh makes yoil
,II, lurn ilill 0 OT 3T pa60TbI Tbi Ooneewb, 6POCb 00.
- K;' "1'
· turn it in
I) p83r. npelCpaTM 3TO! "'MCnOnb3y8TCII 8 noIMIlIM-
TenbHQM H3KlIOHeH'm' . r urn ;I;n or /'/1 complomlo my
mOlher.O npeKpaTl1, a TO A nOJlC8nylOCb MaMe.
turn (sb/sth) into sb/sth
Iv pi, v n pi) CTa.iODI1TbCA KeM-n./..eM-n., npeBpaUl,aTb'
CJI B Koro-n./BO 'fTo-n.; nJ)9BpaUj,3Tb 1C0ro-n./'fTO-n. B

480
Koro-n./BO '!To-n. t Look at her. she is tIl,lIing illlO
beautiful girl. <> nOCMOTpM Ha Hee, OH8 CT8HOBIIITQIt
KpacaBMueM. t This sculptor IIIms a stone into
flower. <> 3TOT CtCynbllTOp npeBpaw,aeT KaMeHb B U88"I
TOIC.
-
turn (sb/sth) out [HMeeTCR nJ
1 (v n adv) BbiBepHytb naMny; noraCMTb, BblKllIO'Im.
CBeT, r83 t J am afraid J didn 'Ilum the gas Ollt. <> 60-
IOCb, "TO R He BblKllIO'IW1a ra3. => tllm off
2 (v adv) CTaHOBMTbCSI, nOBOpa'iMBaTbCR (0 co6b1THH
T.n.). npHBOnKTb (Ie K8KOMy-n. pe3ynbTary), OKa3b1BafbA
CR B IoITore ('IeM-n., KaKIoIM-n.) t The matter Illmed 0 .
Ihe following way. <> ,[!eno 06ePHYnocb cneytOL1U'
OOpa30M. t Hope all you haw thought will tNr" Ollt tM
be.st. <> H8JJ,elOCb, Bee, 'ITO TbI 3aJ1YM8n. BbinonHMTCR
Halolny'lWIoIM oOpa30M.
3 (v n adv) BbiOOpa'fIolBaTb KapM8H; onyCToWaTb coep-
*"MOe ..era-n. (s noHCK8X 'Iero-n.) tlfyou lur" yaw
bag Ollt you 'JJ find the key. <> Ecn" Tbi BblHeWb Bce M3
cyMKIol. TO HaMeWb KllIO'-I.
a tum-out
(nJ 'IIoICTKa, pa300PKa, yOOpIC8 . Today J haven't any
time for a lurn-oul, J'JJ leave it till another time. <> Ce-
rOHR Y MeHR HeT BpeMeH" H8 y60ptCy, R OCT8BntO ee AO
APyroro pa38.
4 (v n adv) H8pR,AH0 OneBaTb 1C0ro-n. . Let her IIIrn ,YOU
Ollt and you won't want to dress differently. <> nycTb oHA
TeOR H8PAJ),111T, 101 Tbl38XO..eWb OeBaTbCSI nO-APyroMY.
°tum-out
[nJ cnocoO, MaHepa oneBaTbCSI, HapR*8TbCR . Every-

481
bodv liked his Iur"-DUI. 0 BeeM HpaBl'lnoCb, leaK OH
OneaaeTCSI.
· as III things turned out
(v adv) lCaK 0Ka3aJ10Cb . As it IlIr,,d Ollt a/l Ihe matter
was .mall potatoes. 0 KalC OKa3aJlOCb, see neno sble-
.a.eHHoro SIua He CTOI'IIlO.
. , n sb out/out of sth
(v n adv, v n pr) BbiroHSITb, BbiCTaenSlTb KorO-II. (OTK'y-
»-n.) (cHJlOii, yrpo3BMH H r.n.) . Let's tur" the neigh-
bour's dog 0111 (of our garden). 0 AaBaTe nporoHI'IM
coce.o.CKyIO co6atey (1'13 Hawero ca.D.8).
sh sth out / out of 5th
(v n adv, v n pr) OTMblBaTb, OTCTHpblBaTb "'-0-11. (rpsl3b.
nsmta H T.n. ) (c 'Iero-II.) . How will you wrult the paint
out (of your trowers)? 0 KaK Tbi OTMoeWb ICp8Ctey (co
C80HX 6pIOK)?
.; . tch out (v adv) (HMeerCSI n)
1 OblTb BHHMaTenbHblM, OCTOPO)l(HblM; OCTeperaTbCSI
«'!aCTO B BblpaJKBHHflX if)Oil don't watch out. if ne doesn't
MItch out» . If you don " MIlch ouI, you can suffer from
roller skates. 0 EcnH Tbi He 6y.o.eWb ocTopo)l(eH, Tbi MO-
. *eWb nOCTpa.o,aTb OT ponHICOBbIX KOHbKOS.  look out,
,.;"d out
2 OblTb Ha'letey. Ha CTpeME!, He nponYCTHTb. He npoae-
 88Tb (Koro-n./'lTo-n.) "B03MOJlt!40 C nocnel1)'1OM npeA- .-
IIOrOM tor" . Be outside the door and try to WQlclt out for
Ilnybody; you'll warn w. 0 Eiy.o.b 38 .o.sepblO 1'1 no-
crapaCSI HHlCoro He npo:3eBaTb; Tbi Hac npe.o.ynpe-
Al'fWb.  1001 oul
B. r. CT01IJIP

482
ImJ
D watch-out
[n) OJKI1J1aHHe nOSlBneHH (lCoro-n. '4ero-n.) t Be 0111-
mle Ihe claar alld keep U MTllch-tlul for anybod,: 0 6YAb
3a D.BePbIO H CToM H8 CTpeMO.
wear (sb/sth) out
1 (v adv, v n adv) H3HaWHB8TbCSI, CHOCMfbCSI; H3t13'
WHB8lb, CHOCHTb'lTo-n. t I dOli ., hu\'( lIme to hll}' nt'\\'
home .\llppt'n.. childrr:1I .."an Ihall 0/11 qll/ck(v. 0  He
yclleBalO nOK)'naTb 1I0ilbie AOMaWHHe TanO'lKH. AeTH HX
6b1CTpo H3HaWHBalOf. t 71,(.' beari"Rs of m,' b,cycle
have ..urn oul 0 nOAwHnHHKH B MoeM BenOCHllono
CTepnHCb.
2 (v n adv) yrOMl1ATb, H3M8Ib1Bafb. BhlMaTbiBalb 1C0ro-n.
t Poor melll. ht ..'t'ars hjm('/f alllelmlll( III Joh. 0 6eA-
HbI", 011 BblM8Tb1BaeTCI'I, BbinomlAA COOIO pa60ty.
work (sb/sth) out
1 (v n adv) Obl'lHcnRlb, nOAC'lMlb1Balb '1To-n. . JII..<I el
mom. III. I elm on(,' 10 work oul I/O", milch 10 .pt. nd.
I) MIiIH)'TO'lKY, MHe "MO TonbICO n01l.c'unaTb - CKonbKO
npHJlOfCA nOfp8THTb.  fixur.. lIul
2 (v n 8dv) OOIlATb CV1UecfBO '1ero-n., H8rypy HnH npH-
pony Koro-n.; nOCTWlb '110-n. .....acTO co CIIOIIII.... can.
could .. nol;" . CI\'e me II"... . clelY /'11 In to It'orA ollf
",hal I,. "anff. 0 AaH Mile TpH AHA, A I1OCTapSlOCb
not/ATb, '1TO OH XO'IeT.
3 Iv adv) COCTaonlb, no1lY'181b 0 Hfore t Bln.jng
II,j"Ks has IlYIrk..d u,el a mllml 'IIJ'. 0 nOK)'nKa oOUle"
BblnHnaCb B Kpyrne'lbK)'1O cyMMY.  c,m,.' lICel

483
rite 5th out
(v n adv) abln....caTb '1TO-n. ('leI(, peuenT H r.n.); CO-
cTaa....Tb, <>4>OpM....Tb n....cbMeHHO '1TO-n. (a 38fCOH.,eHHOM
BltIle: ONeT, cMery paCXOAOB. Ta6nHUY" T.n.) . The
teacher made me write the te.ft out from the start. 0 Y.,....-
Tenb 33cT8a....n MeHSI 33Hoao O<!>OPMlIITb KOHTponbHYIO
pa60ry. . The doctor has written you out this pf'f!SCTlp-
tion "3,Aecb you - KoceeHHoe .QononHeHMej... 0 AOKTop
BblmtCaJ'l 88M 3TOT peuenT.  mllite out
\-
IfII
,.

13
off
PA3JJ.EJ]
on onto upon
TEMATMKA c1tPA30BblX rIlArOnOB:
ABM>KeHHe C I1OBepXt!OCTH - H8 nOBepXHOCTb; npenRTCT8
OTAeI\eHMe. CHROte H )'AaAeHMe. Oropacbl8aHMe H 0T1<.'\0HeH1OII
npl16"M>KeHMe. YAeD>K8HHe. nJ)l4MpenAeHMe H npHcoeAMHeH
nOAAl!D>KK3 H pa38MTIOII; npeKpatUl!HMe. )'HM'I1O>KeHMe. 33eepwe
- H8'1MH8HHe. nJ)l4BeAeHHe B AeMcTBHe M npoAOJl1l(eH .'
npeAOXpatteHHe M 3811111T8 - H3I1a,AeHMI!; AeMOHCTJlMpoe8HMI!
o6yc.\oBIIeHHOC1b M O>KMA3HHe; pa3O'l8poUHHe - MCOOAb3OIICIH
naAeHl48. )'MeHbWBHHe - MOHuetf1J)MpoB3H11e; _148 He, ...
npeAMeT H TeM8THM8
act on I upon 5th (v pr)
1 .Q.ecTBoBaTb B COOTBeTCTB C '1eM-n.; PYKOBOA
CTBOBaTbCJ'l '1eM-n. . I ufual(v act on his advice
() 06b1'1HO fI nOC1')InalO TalC, KaIC OH cOBeryeT.
2 BnATb, B03AeMCTBOBaTb Ha 'ITO-n. . This unL'enai
weather acts on my feeling. () 3Ta Kanp3HaSi noro I .
I AeMcTByeT Ha Moe HaCTpOeHe.
agree on I upon 5th
_ (v pr) .Q.oroBapBaTbcSl 0 '1eM-n.; D.OCTrHyTb co-
rl13weHA no 'IeMy-n. . The... couldn " agree upon' .

485
price of the Rarage. 0 OHM HMKaIC He MornM AorOBOpMTh-
CfI 0 eHe rap3.)Ka.
, ..attend on/upon sb
(v pr) exPHll. 3a60TMTbCA 0 KOM-II., yxaJlCMBaTb 3a KeM-II.
(38 60nbHblM H T.n.); npMCnyxMBaTb ICOMY-II. (TBlCJIre 38
CTonoM) . Would you. please, Q/lend Oil my .icJc child
while I go shopping? 0 nOCM,AMTe, noJlC3I1YHCTa C MOMM
OOllbHblM pel>eHICOM, nOKa A CXO)l(}' 3a noKYnKaM....
back off (v adv)
1 OmpAHyYb, OTCKMTb (8 crpaxe Hn/ll OTspaLLleHHH)
. He opened the door. saw a big dog and Inu:ud off.
o OH OTKpblJ\ ABePb, YBMAell 6oJ1btuylO coCSaKY M OT-
npAHYJ1.  back tlWtU'
2 OTbexaTb, 3aJ].HMM XOAOM noAa,Tb Ha3aA (0 M8WHHe If
T.n.) . 1 asked you many times to bad off slightly. 0 
"Horo pa3 npOCMII TeOJl 'fyrb-'4YTb nOAa,Tb Ha3aJ]..
. 3 OTC1ynMTbCA, ycrynMTb (B cnope H T.n.) . I had 10
6tu:l off when he explained his idea. 0 MHe npMWJIOCb
ycrynMTb. KOrAa, OH o6'bSICHHII CBOIO HAelO.
k on to sth
(v adv pr) CSblTb 06paLl.leHHblM. BblXOll,MTb 38AHeM
CTOpoHOH K 'feMY-II. . Our small house bacud 011 to the
fore.t. 0 Haw ManeHbKMM AOMMK CTOSIII 3aJ].OM K J1eCy.
.. Be sth on I upon 8th
tv n pr) OCSOCH08b1BaTb, noAJ(penllRTb 'ffl)-J1. 'IeM-lI.
-4;'I8CTO Passive;' . Your answer must be based Oil facls. _
o 8aw OTBeT AOIIJKeH onMpaTbCA H8 cPaKTbl.  grolUfd
011

..
486
be off (sb/sth)
1 Iv adv) ye3JKaTb, YXO.l1HTb (.,awe 8 cneWKe) . SOny,
must be off now. 0 K CO)l(&1eHHlO, A .I10rol(eH 6e
ceL1'1ac.  get off
2 (adv) He COCTORTbCR. 6b1Tb OTMeHeHHblM .
English lesson is off today, the teacher is ill. 0 y. ,
aHfnlllL1cKoro CerO.l1HR He COCTOIilTCR, Y'lHTellb 3360 '
beon
3 Iv adv, v pr) ynaCTb, CBaIIHTbCSI (c lCaKoro-II..MecT8
OTCICO'IHTb, OTOpBaTbCA (or KaKora-n. MeeTS) .
can't ride a bicycle, he is off (it) again. 0 OH He y ,.
e3JJ,HTb Ha BeOOCHne.l1e. OH onRTb CBaIIHIICA (c Hero
. prov The bloom is off the peach. 0 nocno YlCaTMH C\II' ,
Kpyrble rapK..,.  come oJ/. take off
4 Iv adv) noraC..,TbCR; 6b1Tb BbllCJ1lO'IeHHblM, OTlCllIO't6H
HblM; He pa60TaTb (0 MeJC8HH3Max, OTonneHHH, na
H T.n.) . Don't forget to check if the gas is off. 0
336Yl1b npOBepHTb, BbllCJ1lO'IeH II.., ra3.  go oJ/. hi
off
5 (v pr) pa3r. He IIIHTepeCOBaTbCR lCeM-II'/'IeM-II.,
lIIo6111Tb KorO-II./'iTO-II.: nOTepRTb IIIHTepec K KOMy-n .
'IeMY-II.: pa3l1106HTb 1C0rO-II./'iTO-II. . Our dog is off
food. 0 HaweL1 co6aKe ee nliltUa HaJI,oella.  go "i.
turn off .
6 (v adv) HcnOpTIofTbCA, npo1YXHYTb 10 npo.aY/CTax) .
can't eat it. it's of/. 0 SI He MOry 3TO ecTb, OHO Hcno. .
'IeHO.  go off
· be well off (for sth)
(v adv, v adv pr) p83r. 6b1Tb 60raTblM, XOPOWO 06, t
ne'leHHblM ('IeM-II.); 6bITb HaJI,eJKHO 3KHnHpOBaHH.
(..eM-II.) "sMecro cnoaa well MOryr flblTb .Qpyrne Hape.. .

487
vel)' much. pretty M T A.)'" . They H't're much better off
for crossing ri,'er) Ihun our group of 10unsL. 0 OHM
6b1nH nyotwo cHa6JKCHbi (Jl11S! ncpexOA8 OjCpe3 roPbI),
OjeM Halua rpynna rypHCTOB.
be on (sb)
, (v pr) P83r. 6b1Tb 38 Ojeiil-n. <:'lOT, 6biTb onnaOjeHHblM
l(eM-n. . A..eep your monL"! fur somelhilll{ else, IhiT mt'el-
illl{ i..T on me. 0 npHJI,epJKH CeoH Jl,eHttrM Jl11A OjerO.tIH-
6YAb ee. 3T3 BCTpeOja - 3CI MOM <:'lOT.
2 (v adv) HATH, AeMOHCTpHposaTbCS! (0 4JHnbM8.
cnOKT81CJ1e H T.n.) . Whal's on ,oduy? 0 'I TO cerOAHS!
H.D.eT (8 ToaTpe)?
3 (v adv) ropeTb; 6b11b 38)1Q1(ellllbiM. BlC11lOOjeHllbiM (0
ceere. rS38 H r.n.) . Alllhe lamp.T were on. 0 Bee 118M-
nbl 6b1n.. 81C111O'1ellbi.  be off, turn on
4 (v adv) npeACTOSITb, He oTMeHRTbCS!, lie CHHMaTbC1I C
OOBccn01 AIlS! . Is the Engli.Th le.smn .Tlill on for
Salurday? 0 Ypol( 8HrnHMCICOro 8 cy600ry ee He
OTMOHeH? :::) b.. off
· be not on
(v adv) P83r. 6b1Tb H0803MOJKllblM, HCI103BOnHTeJlbHblM
. Bllyillg new boob ;:. nol on for u.s. il ....ould be 100
",asleful. 0 nOlCynlC8 HOBblX ICHHr HeB03MOJKHa Jl11S! 118C,
3TO 6b111O 6b1 cnHWICOM paCTO'IHTBnbHO.
be on about sb I sth
(v adv pr) pa3r. p33rll8rOnbCTB068Tb, npocrpaHHO ro-
8OpHTb, 603 YMOnlC)' Oomarb 0 1C0M-n./OjeM-n . I urn
ulnttlt/., 11n!,i of heT. ",hal ;s she on about. 0 SI yJKO ycran U.
OT Hee, 0 OjOM 3TO OHa OomaeT?

488
I
I
-
be on at sb
(v adv pr) pax. nplIIJI,lIIpaTb IC 1C0MY-I1.. HaCToM""':t.
yOe)l(Jl.aTb KorO-II. (C lJenblOA06HTbCSf 'l6ro-n.) . My fa..
ther is always Oil at me nollO watch televi.tion too much.
o MOM OTeu Bcerp,a pyraeTcfI Ha MeHfI, ..,.06b1 fI He CM
TJ)e1l Tel1eBp MHoro.
be on to sb I sth (v adv pr) = be onto sb 15th
(v pr)
1 pa3r. CBfl3aTbCiI C KeM-l1./..eM-l1. (no rene<PoHY Hn
,apynfMH Cpe,lIcrBaMH) . Have you ell 011 to any trav-
el agency to get the tickets? 0 Tbi CBfl3aI1CSI C KaKIIIM-
HIII6yJl,b areHTCTBOM, "T06b1 Jl,OCTaTb 611111eTbl?  get 011
10, PUI on to
2 pa3r. nplllCTBBaTb IC KOMY-l1. (c npOCb60 H r.n.). All
the time you are OlltO me with the same request. 0 Bbi
Bce BpeMfI np"'CTaeTe ICO MHe C OAHOM III TOM *9
npoctlioM.
3 paM. HanaCTb Ha cneA, paClCpbITb KaKYIO-I1. TaiilHY 11111'"
3arOBOp . The po/ice have been onto your scenl. it:t
time to give up. 0 nOl1l11UHfI Hanana Ha TBOH Cl1eJl,. nopa
c.o.asaTbaL  get 01110
bear sb/sth off
1,2 (v n actv) = bear away/off
bear on I upon 5th
(v pr) I1MeTb OTHOWeHHe IC '1eMY-I1., IIIMeTb Bl1l11f1HHe Ha I
"TO-II. (s T. 'I. Ha nocneAcrSHIJ) . How did Ihat incident'
bear 011 his subsequent work? 0 KaK oTpa3l11n TOT cny-
..aM Ha era p,aIlbHeMwelii pa60Te?

489
block sth off
(v n advl C5nOKMpoBaTb, 38rpaJK,Q,aTb '1TO-II.; npenslT-
CTBOBaTb'leMY-II. . Who blodud this path off! It was
the only way old people had "sed. 0 KTO 38rpaAllln 3T)'
Tpony? 3TO C5b111 eJU'lHCT8BHHblM nVTb. KOTOPblM nonb-
3OBa11MCb noJKMnble nlOJU'I.
break (sth) off (v n adv, vadv)
1 OTnaMbiBaTb, OTKa11b1BaTb 'fTO-n., OTnaMbiBaTbCfI, OT-
KallbiBaTbaI . How can I glue up the telephone receiv-
er? The edge of it has broun off 0 KaK 3alClleMTb TB-
ne<!>oHHYIO TPy6tcy? Ee ICpaM OTnOM811CSI. . Sorly. / QC-
cidental(' broke off the handle of the car. 0 1i13BMHMTe. Sf
H8'48S1HHO 0Tl10MMII PY1<osmcy aBToMoC5MnR.
2 npeKpaTMTb, nopBaTb, OCT8HOBMrb 'fTo-n. (K8KHe-n.
/leHCrBHR, OTHoweHHR. npouecc H r.n.); npeKpalU8Tb-
, npePblBaTbCSI . The police brou the meeting off
o nonMUMSI npepeana MMTMHr. . The meeting has bro-
UII off because of the police coming here. 0 MMTMHr
npepBan M3-38 nplIIC5b1THR CIOJU! nonHUMH.
break upon sb
(v pr) BHe38nHO npeACTaTb nepeA KeM-n.; OCBHMTb
1C0ro-n. (06 l1Qee H T.n.) . 77/e aim of their visit brDu
1IJH111 me on(v after those words. 0 !..tenb MX BIII3MTa eTa-
na MHe JICHa TonbKO nocne Tex cnOB.
bring sb I sth off (v n adv)
1 BbiBOAMTb Koro-n. AlIA cnaceHMR (H3 TepnRero
OOACTSHe paHoHa, OCOOOHHO C Kopa6J1Sl); BblPY'IaTb, III
cnacaTb KorO-II. . A helicopter brought all the crew Dff
o BepTOneT nOA06pan BeCb 3lCMnaJK.  taU off

490
2 110t5MTbCfI ycnexa S 'feM-n., ycnewHo 3aSepWMTb
'no-n. TpvW10e . How did you manage 10 brillg Ihis dif-
ficull affair 01J? 0 KaIC &aM yD,aJlOCb 1106MTbCSI ycnexa S
3TOM TPYllHOM Aene?  cOllie off
bring sb I sth on (v n adv)
1 CTaTb npM'fMHOM 'Iero-n., HaSl1e'ib 'ITo-n., npMseCTI1 It
'feM)'-n. . The wel summer brought Oil his old disease
again. 0 Cblpoe neTO SHOSb Sbl3BaJ10 ero CTaPY'O 00-
ne3Hb.
2, 3 = bring along/on
bring sth on I upon sb
(v n pr) HaBJleKaTb, Sbl3b1&aTb'iTO-n. Ha 1C0rO-n. (mas-
HbiM of5pa30M Ha ce611) . He likes 10 bring difficullies
upon himself 0 EMy HpaSKTCSl C03.Qa&aTb ce6e TPYl1-
HOCTM.
brush (sth) off (sth) [HMoorCR n]
1 Iv n adv, vadv, v n pr) yD,aJlRTb, CMaxMBaTb, C'IMtUaTb
'ITO-n. IOf5b1'1HO LI,IeTKoa:!); OIMtUaTbCR, CTMpaTbCR . I
Ihink Ihis dirty slain will brush off. 0 ,D.YMalO, 3TO
rpR3Hoe nSlTHO COTpeTCR uteTICoH. . ( um afraid you
brushed some coin.r off (Ihe floor). 0 60lOCb, 'fTO fbi
cMaxHynlCalCMe-TO MOHeTbi Ic nona).
2 () pa3r OTKa3aTbCQ OT I(oro-n., OCTaSMTb 1(0-
ro-n. l'IaLl,le HeOJKHJlBHHO); .QaTb KOMy-n. OTCT3SKY .1/
you don'l brush Ihis unpleasant man off we'll forbid
you 10 meel him. 0 EC11II\ Tbi He .QaWb 3TOM)' HenP\llSlT-
HOMY 'IenOseKY OTCTasJCy, Mbi 3anpernM Te6e BCTpe-
'1aTbCR C HMM.
111

491
D bnJ8h-o"
[nJ OT BOPOT nOBopoT; OTCTaBlCa . You should give him
the brush-off 0 Tbi AOJ1JKHa MTb eMY OT BOpOT nOBO-
poT.
build on I upon sb I sth
(v pr) nonaraTbCSI Ha lCoro-n./To-n., crpOHTb CBOM
paC'IeTbi Ha KOM-n./eM-n. . It was' your mistalre ,hat
you buill (up) on an unreliable mall. 031"0 Oblno TBoe"
OWMOKO" nonaraTbCR Ha HeHa,o.e>KHOrO enOBeKa.
buy sb off lover
(v n adv) nOAJ{ynaTb Koro-n. . The)' like money. so /"II
find the w'tv to buy ,hem off 0 OHM moORT AeHbr\ll, no-
3TOMY R Ha'1.D.y cnoc06 nOAKYnMTb MX.
call sb I sth off
(v n adv) npelCpaI143Tb 'fro-n.; OCTaH8BnMBaTb Koro-n./
'ITO-n.; npMKa3b1BaTb ICOMY-n. OCTaHOB...TbCR ...n... npe-
ICpaT\llTb I(3IC\IIe-n. Ae"CTBWI . I eon 't give the order to
eml the search off while / am 1I0t sure if the pilot is
dead. 0 SI He MOry OT,Qarb np"'Ka3 npelCpaT"'Tb nO"'CKM,
nOlCa R He yeepeH, nontO n... ",fnOT.
call on I upon sb I sth (v pr)
1 HaHecrM AenOBO" B\II3MT 1C0My-n.; noceTMTb 1C0ro-n.1
'fTo-n. no Aeny . He wouldn't like you to call on him to-
morrow. 0 OH Obi He XOTen, TOObi Bbi nOCeT\llnM ero
3aBTpa.
2 OOpaU43TbCR IC KOMY-n. C npocbOo" CAenaTb 'ITO-I1.; 
np...rnac"'Tb 1C0ro-n., npoC\IITb 1C0rO-I1. C.Qenarb To-n. 
"':OObl'l"O c nOClle.ll)'lOM HtI<PHHHTI1BOM to do);. . The di-

492
rector called 011 your mother 10 come to school. 0 AM-
pelCTOP npMmaCMn TBOIO MaM)' npMMTM B WICOny.
carry sb I sth off (v n adv)
1 yaolU1Tb, ytfOCHTb, yrauum. 1C0ro-n./'fTO-n. ('faCTO C
npuM6HeHueM CW/&I) . Look. that bird has clU,ud a
chicken off. 0 CMOT'pM, Ta rmu.&a yrana WoInneHKa.
:::;> carry Qway
2 ycnewHo npeoAonen., SblHecTM 'no-no (HecMOTPR Ha
TPY.lIHOCTH) ""'OO.....HO SrmpIe TenS8S . I can never carry
off any lie. 0 He BblHOwy, 1C0raa nryT.
carry on (sth) [uMeeT n]
1 (v adv,) npoAOTDKaTb ('fTO-II.); nOAl1epJKMBaTb,
He tipocaTb ('lTo-n.) (HecMOTPR H8 TPy.QHOCTH); npo-
AOTDKaTbCS'I, COXpaHflTbCS'I (06 06P838 JlCH3HU, 0 33-
BeJ1.eHHOM noPfl,ClKe H r.n.) Bp3MO)I(HO c nOCne.AYIOUlHM
npe.l1/l0 r OM with; npfiMOe .QOnol1tteHtte MOJCeT 6...Tb rnarOIlOM II
ing-cI>OPMe gervnd . Don't worry. please, and carry 011
(...inging). 0 He OecnolColfjTeCb, no)I(8nyMcTa, M npoAon-
JlCaHTe (neTb). . Anyway, I will carry 011 my studies (or:
... with my studies), even if)'Ou don't permit me to do it.
o  see paSHO He 6powy C8010 Y'le6y, aaJKe ecnlo1 1101 He
pa3peWMWb MHe 3TO. . In spite of such unfavourable
circumstances our life clUr;es 011.0 HeCMOTpR Ha TalClile
HetinaronpMRTHbie oCX:ToRTellbCTBa, uawa JlCM3Hb npo-
1l0nJKaeTCfI.  go 011
2 ( v adv n ) (npOAOnJICaTb) npoBOAMTb, BeCTlo1, ocy-
UleCTBnflTb 'fTO-n. (K8«YIO-n. .lIeSiTenbHOCTb, 6ece.ay H
T.n.) . We were carrying 011 an inlere.uing dialogue.
o Mbi BenM IIIHTepecHbljij AMMOr. . They will carry 011 an
III

493
iIWestigation tomorrow. 0 3asTpa OHM npoAOroKaT npo-
IIOlUfTb paccnS.o.OBaHMe.
3 (v adv) pa3r. He CAep>KMBaTbCR. nnoxo ce6R eecT\II,
OanOBarbCSI . If they aury olllik£ this J will not be able
to bear it any longer. 0 Ecnlll OHM fjy.o.yr TalC OanOBaTbCA,
A He CMOry 60llbwe BbI.Q.epxaTb 3TO.
a carry-on (carryings-on)
[nJ BrEpa3r. nnoxoe nOBe.o.eHMe, eo3HA. There was a
rf!al cany-on about that news: 0 3Ta HOSOCTb Sbl3ean3
HaCTOAtUMM 6YM. . Lost night we could hear some CQ,..
ryings-on next door. 0 HO'IblO Mbi CllbiwanM K3KYIO-TO
B03HIO Y coce.o.eH.
cast sb/sth off (V n adv) [HMeeTal n H Inv]
1 C6paCblBaTb, OropaCblBaTb, SbllC"'lJ.b!BaTb 'ITO-II. (H8
speMR. 38 HeHBA06HocrblO) . When will you cast off
your bad habit to smoke? 0 Kor,u,a TbI M36asMwbtsl OT
.o.ypHOM npMSbI'IlClll KYPMTb? . She cast off her grf!en hat
and put on the rf!d one. 0 OHa c6pocMl1a CSOIO aeneH}/1O
wnAny III Ha,p,ell3 KpaCH}/IO.
a ca.tff
[nJ o.o.e>K.D.a, speMeHHO He IIIcnOIlb3yeMaR . She penn;t-
ted her sister to wear her cast-offs. 0 OHa pa3peWIo1113
ceCTpe speMeHHO HOCIIITb ee o.o.e)K,O,Y.
- offcast
[adj) M3HoweHHblM, HeHy*HblM
2 OTSepraTb 1C0rO-II., M36aan OT 1C0ro-lI. .1 cOIlId-
n't cast off that troublesome person. 0 SI HJIIlCalC He Mor
M36aSIIITbCSI OT TOro Ha30MIlIo1BOro '4enoseK3.
a castff
[nJ nOKIo1HyrblH. 6poweHHblH 'IeIlOSelC; M3rHaHHJIIIC . In
IIJ

494
recenl years the number of Ihe cllSt-offs has increased.
o B nOCflenHMe rolJ,bl 'fMCno M3rH8HHMKOB yeenlo1<4MIIOCb.
- offcast
(n) OTBep*eHHblM ('1enOs81C)
(adj) OTBep*eHHbI.., oT6poweHHbI", H3rHaHHblM
catch on (v adv)
1 pa3r. OOHHMaTb, ynaBIIHBaTb, CXBaTbiBaTb (lCaKYKJn,
MbJcnb, H.Q8KJ If T.n.) ""B03MOJIOIO C nOCneA)'IOM npeA-
110rOM to: ..aCTO Simple Tenses . He Iried 10 make her un-
derstand something, bul .'I;he couldn't catch 011 (10 wha
he ,alked about). 0 OH nblTa11Cf1 BTOnKOBaTb e.. 'fTO-TO,
HO OH8 HHKaK He Morna ynoBHTb, 0 "IeM OH rOBopm
2 pS3r. CTaTb nonynRpHblM, MOAHblM; npH8KTbCR <Bo;s.
MOJKHO C nOCJ1eAM npeAnOrOM Wlth . Using sue
slang 'Hlords is catching 011 wilh our young people. 0 '"
nOnb30BaHHe TaKMX )l(8prOHHbIX CJ108 CTaHOBHTCfI no
nynRpHblM CpeAlo1 Hawe.. Mono.o.e*M. =-t. 011
check 5th off
(v n adv) AenaTb noMeTKy 8 cnMCKe 0 HanWlHH 'fero-n,
OTMe"laTb "Ilo-n. . If I do somethmg according 10 m
plan I check it off. 0 Ec_nM R CAenan "ITO-H()YAb no MO
eMy nnaHY, R nenalO OTMeTl(y 06 3TOM.
check on 5th
(v pr) npoBepHTb "!To-n., ynOCToBepHTbCfI e 'feM-
. When she begin... her le.<;.<;on she al first checb Oil I . .
presence of all the pupils. 0 Korns OHa Ha'iMHaeT c: · . I
YPOK, OHa CHa"lana npOeBpReT npcyrcT8He 8CBX Y'f8-
HHKOD.
IJ

495
clear (sb 15th) off
1 (v n adv) YAaJlRTb KorO-I1./'1TO-I1., y6MpaTb '1TO-I1. . J
wonder if you CUDred your toys off and swept out the
room. () &.1HTepecHo 3H8Tb. y()pan 11M TbI ceOM MrpyWICM M
nOel1I1M KOMHaTY.
2 (v adv) ArnE y6MpaTb nOCYAY . My duty is to CUIlT off.
() B MOM 06R3aHHOCTM BXOAMT y60PKa nOCYAbi.
3 (v adv, v n adv) pa3r. Y()MpaTbCR eOH; BblrOHRTb 11:0-
rO-I1. ./f)'ou don 'tlike him. why not dellr him off. () Ec-
11M OH Te6s He HpaBMTCSI, OO'IeMY ()bI He nporHaTb ero.
. J told him to CUdi' of/. but now J regret it. () Sf Bel1el1a
eMY Y()MpaTbCR BOH, a ce'laC COJKaJ1elO 06 3TOM.
come off (5th)
1 (vadv, v pr) YXOD.MTb, ye3JKaTb (M3 KalCorO-II. MaCTa);
nOKTb ('1TO-I1.) .1 saw him come off (the mOlor-
ship). () Sf BMAena. Kall: OH CXOllHI1 (c TsnnoxoA3).  go
off, Ide off
2 (v adv, v pr) ynacTb. CBanMTbCR (c '1ero-I1.); OT-
CICO'lMTb, OTXOAMTb. OTOpBaTbCR (oT'Iero-I1.). J tried to
ride a bicycle and cllIIIe off (il). 0 Sf nonblTal1CS1 npo-
exaTb H8 BeJ10CMneAe, HO CBaJ1MJ1CS1 (c Hero). . When I
began opening the door the handle cllIIIe off. 0 Kor,a,a R
CTan OTlCpblBaTb ABBPb, ee PY'lKa OTopeanaCb.  be off,
Iiluoff
3 (v pr) nepecTaBaTb AenaTb '1TO-I1.. BblXOAMTb M3
I(8IC0rO-I1. npe.QflpMRTMR .1 expect you to come off this
venture. () Sf paCC'fMTblBaIO. '1ro Tbi OTKaJlCeWbCR OT 3TOM
3aTeM.  take off 
4 (vadv)paar. MMeTbMeCTO. npoMCXOllMrb,COCTOA ....
(IC8K H 6b1no aatlYMaHo) . When will their next peiform-

496
ance come off! 0 Kor.o.a )l(e x Cl1eAYIOUU1H CneKTaK11b
nOHAeT?
5 (v adv) noaTbCSI, SblXO,llMTb, YAaBaTbCSl, COCTORTb-
CA . She hoped my bllSines. would come off all right.
o OHa Ha,AeAnaCb, 'ITO Mae .o.e110 t5y.o.eT MMeTb ycnex.
. II didn 'I come off 0 H'Iero M3 3TOro He SblWno.
=> bring off
· come off it
(v pr) p83r. nepeCTaTb 06MaHblBaTb, WYTTb;
npelCparnTb spaTb, l'penaTbCS! ""TonbKO B I'IOBenHTenbHOM
H81U10HeHHM' . Come off it -I know the truth! 0 XBaTMT
TpenaTbCSI - S! 3HalO npa8JlY!
come on (v adv) [ffMeeTaI inv)
1, 2 = come alollg /011
3 Ha'lMHaTbCS!, HacrynaTb, Ha.o.BraTbCSI . We didn't no-
lice when darkness clime 011. 0 Mbll'I He 3BMeTI'II1I'1, leaK
CTeMHe110. => drllw 011
- oncoming
[n]npI'lOI1I'1)1(eHl'le,HacrynneHl'le
4 nocneAOBaTb (3a KeM-n.j'feM-fl. n03)1(e) . First we'll
go out and Ihen on(\' relatives should com#! 011. 0 CHa-
'1ana sblM.o.eM MbI, 3aTeM .o.Ol1)1(Hbi Cne.o.OBaTb TOl1bKO
po.o.CTseHHIC.
- oncoming
Iadj) npep,cToSlUU1H. 6YAYutMM
5 SblXOI1Tb Ha 3ICpaH, fibITb nOlCa3aHHblM (o4>WlbMe);
ObITb nOCTaSl1eHHblM (0 CneKT8lU1e) . Whal lime will
this pia)' come 011 tonight? 0 Bo CKOl1bKO Ha'lHeTCiI ce-
rOAHS! Se'lepOM 3Ta nbeca? => be 011, pllt on
III

497
6 HY )ICe! .naeai1! (803rnSC nOA68.l1pHB8HHJ/) ....MCl1Ol1b.
3yeTCII TOl1bKO B I1OBel1MTel1bHOM HaKl10HElHHM.. . I have
managed il. now you. come on, please! 0 MHe 3TO y.na-
nOCb; Tenepb Tbi - Hy.naea"', nOJK3JTyMcTa!
7 Aa 6POCb TbI! nepecTaHb! (s03rnsc COMHeHHJ/,
YAHBlleHUR) .{B nOBeI1MTel1bHOM HaK1lOHeHHM);o . Oh, no,
cOllie on, whal are you lalking abouI? 0 HeT, '1TO TbI, 0
'1eM Tbi rOBoplolWb?
come on I upon sb/8th
(v pr) cTonKHyrbCSI, Cl1y'IaMHO BCTpen1TbCR C lCeM-n.!
'!eM-no . Ilhoughilol/g and only by Ihe evening clime
upon an intere.{ting decision. 0  AYMan Aonro Jot TonbKO
nOA Be'lep H30pen Ha JotHTepeCHoe peweHJote.
come on to sth (v adv pr) = come onto 8th (v
pr)
1 nOSlsnRTbCA (s CBOIO O'lePe.Qb) rAe-n., BblXOlUlTb
KY.na-n. (Ha CL(eHY, B CYA. Ha apeHY, B npott8)lCy HS Pbl-
HOK U T.n.) . Now your favourite tigers will cOllie on to
Ihe arena. 0 CeM'Iac H8 apeHe nOJlBSlTCSI TBOM m06MMble
TIoIrpbl.
2 npMcrynaTb, nepeXOAMTb K 'leMY-n. (K .apyroH TeMe.
n{J8.Q.Mery U T.n.) . Now I would like to COMe on to a
wonderful subject. 0 Tenepb SI XOTen 6b1 nepe""",,, IC
O.Q.HOM YlUIsMTenbHO TeMe. :::> turn to
.cool (sb) off
(v ad\', v n ad\') ycnOKaMeaTbCJI, OCTblBaTb, yrIllXOMM-
pHTbCA; ycnOKaMeaTb, yrHxoMHpMeaTb 1C0ro-n:. II s no 
use arguing wilh him lill he has cooled off. 0 6ecno- ...
ne3HO CnOpHTb C HMM, nOKa OH He ycnOICOMTCA. . Whal

498
-
can J do to cool her off? 0 TO A Mary c.aenaTb, 'ITC
OHa ycnolCoMflaCb?  cool dowlI
count sb I sth off
(v n adv) AmE nOIlC'lHTblBan., nepeC'lHTblBaTb ICon
'IecT80 (mo.ae51, npe.aMeTo8) t J WQ.\' asked to count D
the people who were sitting. 0 MeHA nonpoc"1nH nOIl
C'IHT8Tb 1C0neCT80 CIOt,O,AX mOlleH.  count Ollt
count on I upon sb I sth
(v pr) nonaraTbCA. paCC'lMTbIBaTb Ha lCoro-I1./'iTO-n
 B03MOJICHa KOHCTPYKUKR count on/upon sb/sth to do/doi '.
5th -paCC'lMTblBaTb Ha TO. 'ITa r;ro-n./'1TO-n. CA8JI3BT 'lTo-n.-
t Make sure, you can cOllnt 011 her. 0 YI5e,AMCb, 'ITO r
MO)l(eWb paCC'lMTblBaTb Ha Hee. . J didn't COUllt 011 hi
coming and tallcing to me. 0 SI He paCC'lKTblBaJl. 'lTO
np"U1.eT III norOBoplolT co MHOH. :::. depend oll/ilpon
cross sth off (sth)
(v n adv. v n pr) BbI'IepKHBaTb "TO-II. (H3 ..erO-I1.) . (
girl refused to go to the theatre; cross her surname D
(the list). 0 OIlHa lleeo'lKa OTK33aJ1aCb HA"'" B TeaTP;
BbI'IepKHIoI ee $aMMflIoIIO 1013 CnHCKa.
cry off (sth)
(v adv, v pr) pay OTK33b1BaTbCSI (OT KaKOH-I1. AorO-
BopeHHOCTlol, 06eHIoIA);OTrOBapMBaTbCSI.YBMI1MBar
(OT 'Iero-n. 06e1WlHHoro) <O:nocne npeA/lora off 06b1'1HO
cnellyeT ing-<IIOPM8 gerund' . She let Il_ down:
arranged about meeting in the park. but suddenv s
cried off (going with us). 0 OHa nOABe11a Hac: M
AOrOBOpt4nMCb 0 BCTpe'le B naplCe. HO OHa BAPYr OTK8-
3aI1aCb (noHTM C HaMM)_

499
cut sb/sth off (sth) (",#,teeTCR n]
1 (v n adv, v n pr) OTpe3aTb '4TO-n. (oTKYAa-n.) . Please
cut a small piece off (that lump of cheese). <> nO)l(anyM-
CTa, OTpe)l(bTe HeOOnbUJYIO '4aCTb (OT TOro KYCKa cblpa).
2 (v n adv) npepblBaTb, nepeOl'lBaTb '4e-n. pa3roBop
(8 T.'I. no Tene<poHY). What a had hahit to cut us off}
(\ LiTO 3a llYPHaSi npl'lBbI'4Ka nepeOl'lBaTb Haw pa3rOBOp?
3 (v n adv) npepblBaTb, npePblBaTb 1l0C1Yn '4ero-n.,
cHa6)1(eHHe '4eM-n. . If you don 't pa' mon' we'll cut
the ga and water off. <> Ecnl'l Bbi He I5YlleTe nnaTHTb
lleHbrH, Mbi npeKpaTHM nOAa'4Y ra3a 1'1 BOllbi.
D cut-o"
[n) OTIC/lIO'4eHHe (..QSHraTenR); npelCpauteHHe BnYCKa
(SOAb/, napa); YCTpoCTBO DJ1S1 OTIC/lIO'teHHSI nOAa'41'1
(eO,QbI. napa) . At a pinch you can IlSe a cut-off. <> B
KpaHeM cny'tae MO)l(eTe BOCnOnb30BaTbCSI YCTpoH-
CTBOM DJ1S1 nepelCpblTHSI.
4 (v n adv) H30nHpoBaTb 1C0ro-n. (or K8Koro-n. 06-
Ulecrsa) B03MO)Qi0 c noc/ll!.l1)11OU411M npeA/lOrOM fromi-
. She cut herself off (from the class) after hearing gos-
sip. <> OHa yeA\otHHnaCb (or Knacca) nacne TOro, KaIC
YC1lblwana cnneTHIO.
depend on I upon sb I sth (v pr)
1 nonaraTbCSI, paCC'4HTblBaTb. onHpaTbCSI Ha Koro-n./
'fro-no B03MO)l(Ha KOHCTPYlCIUtA oepend on/upon sb/slh 10
do/doing sth «paCC'lHTbleaTb H8 TO. ..TO rerO-/l./"TO-II. CAellaeT
..TO-II.-}> . Are you sure you can dfHnd (up)on the
weather being good? <> Tbi YBepeH, '4TO MO)l(eWb pac- II'R
c<lHTblBaTb Ha xopOLUylO noroAy? ::::> count on/upon ....

500
2 3aSMCeTb OT 1C0ro-n./otero-n. . Why are you asking
me? If fu/v depends on your decision. 0 nO'IeMY TbI
MeHA cnpawMBaewb? 310 3aBIoIC14T nonHOCTblO OT
Tsoero peweHMA.
· depend on I upon it
(v pr) He COMHeeaTbCA, 6b1Tb ysepeHHbllIA B '1eM-n.
"'I8CTO nocne can. mayHnH 8 n08enHTenbHOM HaIUlOHeHHH'
. I WOI/ 'I leI you down. you can depend on il! 0 51 He
nOABeAY Te6A. MO)l(eWb He COIlAHeBaTbCA!
die off
(v adv) ebillAMpaTb, oTMlolpaTb (0 nOPOlle XHSOTHblX, 0
n/OAfixl . There were 101S of people in Ihis village, now
Ihe life i. dying off here. 0 B AepeBHe 61>1no MHoro 1110- .
Ae. ce'1ac )l(1II3Hb 3AeCb 3aMlilpaeT.
drag sb off
(v n adv) pa3r. YSOAMTb 1C0ro-1I. (cHnoii K}'.Qa-n.) <003-
MO)l(HO C nOCne.D.yJOLUHM npeAnOrOM to..... . I wanled 10 d(l my
homework but ffl\" friend dragged me off 10 Ihe foolball
malch. 0 51 XOTen AenaTb AOllAaWHlO1O pa6oTy, HO MO
/JSJyr BblTal1U'lll MeHA Ha 4>yr60IlbHbI" MaT'I.
drag on
(v adv) 3aTArIilBaTbCA. TAHyrbCA (nopaii yroMHTenbHO)
. Th(, departure of Ihe truin i.v dragx;ng on. 0 Ompae-
l1eHMe noe3J!,a 3aTArllleaeTCA.
draw (sth) off
III
1 (v n advl CTaCKMeaTb, cmrlllBaTb, CHIilMaTb'lTO-II. ('IaCTb
O.QeJI(,QbI, 06YBb) . Help me. I can't draw off Ihe boots.
() nOMorM IlAHe, A He MOry CHATb 60TMHI(III. :;> draw on

501
2 (v adv) BOeH. OTXOJJ.\o1Tb, OTClYnaTb. Our headquarters
thought of the plan to draw off und to allack from an-
other flank. 0 Hawe 1C0MaH,nOBaH...e np...,n}'Mano onaH
OTClYnneHHR H aTaKH C AAyroro ctInaHra.
draw (sb/sth) on
1 (v n adv) Ha,a,eBaTb, HaTRrHBaTb, HanRIlHBaTb 'ITO-n.
(otle"CllY, 06YSb) . It:t not my size, I illll not going to
draw thi .thirt on. 0 310 He MOM pa3Mep, 51 He C06H-
palOCb HanRnHBaTb 31)1 py6awKY.  draw off
2 (v n adv) COOIl33HRTb, n06YJK,Q3Tb, B.D.OXHOBIlRTb ICO-
rO-Il. (H8 KaK/ife-n. ,tIeHC1BI'fR) "'B03MOIKHO c nocne.QytO-
M "HHHT"BOM to do Slh» . I om not to hlame, that is
my brother ",ho drew me on to do it. 0 SI He BHHOBaT, 3TO
MOM 6paT no,n6Hn MeHR c.aenaTb 3TO. . The happy fit-
lUre drew lIS on. 0 C-.aCTIlHBoe 6y,nYUlee MaHW10 Hac.
3 (v adv) Ha.D.sHraTbCR, npHOnH)I(aTbCR, OllH3HTbCR,
H8crynaTb (0 Ce30He, C06bf1HH H T.n.) ., am afraid tlral
a difficult period i'l our life will soon draw on. 0 6olOCb,
-.TO CKOpo HaclYm1T TPYAHoe BpeMR B HaWe" )l(H3HH.
 come on
draw on I upon sth
(v pr) McnOIlb30BaTb, 3ICcnnyan1pOBaTb 'IbH-n, M.Q.eH,
HaMepeHHR. on biT, cnoc06HOCTH /If T.n. . Many years he
drew on her talent for the purpose of hi.f own enrich-
ment. 0 MHoro lleT OH 3Kcnnya-rnpoBaIl ee TaIlaHT Pa.a.M
C06CTBeHHOrO 060raU.(eHHR.
drink sth off
(v n adv) = dr;nA down/off
lID

502
drive (sb/slh) off
1 Iv adv. v n 3dv) yex3Tb, YM'I3TbCiI IH8 MawIfH6).
y883H1 Koro-n. (B MaWJfHe) . Someood., offered a sear
10 her allJ drtn (her) fljJ. 0 KTo-To npeMO>lu"n eM
CecTb M YM"IanCR (lfnw . H yBe3 eel.
2 Iv n adv) nporoHIHb, p83roHRTb Koro-n./'ITO-n.
(nlQlleH. MblcnH, o(;nsKB H T.n.) . Hopt. Ihe w",J wIll
dr;w cloud. off 0 HaII,elOCb 8eTep pa3rOHI1T T)"II1
drive (sb) on
1 Iv adv) ABl1raTbCiI AallbUJe, nponOIlJf(aTb nyrb . Oh.
,,:S late lel:S dr;w 011. (> O. y*e n03I1HO, noexalll1!
2 Iv n adv) noOY*}1B1b Koro-n. IIC 'IeAfY-n.), 3aCTaBnRTb
lCoro-n. (ClIenaTb 'lTo-n.). nOtumrHYTbICOTo-n. (H8 'ITo-n.)
.. 803"'0"'HO C nocnellyJOlUI<M nponnoroM to "n" "H"-
H"'''80M 10 do.. . Tlllt I!\' III hdt dr;\oen hIm 011 10 lak
deci.tive aClion.t. 0 3TOT CIIy'IaM n06YtlMn ero npennp¥'-
HRTb peWMTellhHble neRCTBM!!
lEI
drop (sb/sth) off
1 (v adv, v n advl pS3r. BblcaJl(MB3; BblcaD.MTb KO'
ro-n. (H3 M8WHHbI H r.n.); Ct18B8Tb, OCT8B11RTb "ITO-Il.
(no'lry. OlleYH T.n. BK8ICOM-n. nytlICT6). rll}u<1 drop
Ihe lella /Iff 11110 Ihe mall-bot. (/1/(1 come: bad.. 0 51
TonbKO onytUy nHCbMO 8 n0'4TOBblM RMK M BepH}'Cb. .
If h., do )'011 wanl me 10 drop off hen.? 0 nO'leMY TbI
X0'48Wb. '1T06b1 R cowna 3.tI.ecb?
2 (v advl P83r. norpY31ITbCiI 8 CO". 3a.AP6M8Tb .. ..acTO C
noclleAyJOlW'M to Sleep. rA(! 10 - nP8A/lOr.. . Lisle"IIIg 10
clatsiCl/1 n"'tlc ./re dropd off (10 .,Iecp). 0 CnYW8R
K1\8CCM'1BCK)'1O MY3b1tey, OHa 3allpeMaJ'I8.  1:0 off, pUI
"ff

503
. ease off
(v adv) OCna6nATbCiI, paccna6nRTbC1f; CTBHOOHTbC1f
MeHee HanJ)RJKeHHblM, MeHee HHTeHCI'I8HblM (O/l.8.BIIe-
HHH. wyMe, 803JleCTeHH: r8101Ce 0 nlO.IVlx) . The frost.
as the forecast promises, will ase ofJby morning. () KaK
ooeutaeT nporH03, MOp03 ocna6HeT I( yrrry. . 1 would
like to learn how to eas off. () SI 6b1 XOTen H8y'4
paccna6nATbCiI.  elJSe up
enter on I upon 5th
(v pr) npHc1)'T1aTb I( '4eMY-n. (lCalCo-n. ,aem-enbHOCTH);
8C1)'T1aTb BO 'ITO-n. (e HOBbiM nepMO,a H T.n.); Ha'lHHaTb
'!To-n. (K8PbePYH T.n.).1 entered llpoll a career in pol-
itics when 1 was thirty. 0 B TPH.D.U8Tb neT A aJ1 KaPb-
epy nOnHTHKa.
fall off
(vadv) [HMe6TCR n) CHHJK3TbCR, YMeHbWaTbCR, COkpa-
utaTbCR (0 ICOnH'I9CTBe. CTeneHH, ypOBHe 'IBro-n.)
. Nowadays the interest in the classical music {flUS off.
o B Hawe OpeMA I'IHTepec I( KJ\aCCH<tecKOA My3b1Ke 08-
ABeT.
o fsillng.off
[n] neHHe, COKpaUleHMe. YMeHbWeHl'le (KonH8CT88,
)'POBHR H T.n.) . We con watch a definite flllJillg-l)fJ of
school results. 0 Mbi Ha6nlOAaeM CHHJKeHHe ycneoa-
eMOCTI'I.
fall on/upon sb/sth (v pr)
1 nanaTb, pacnpocrpaHATbCiI, 803naraTbCR Ha Koro-n. iii
(03aTparaX, OTseTCTBeHHOCTH H T.n.) . Why does the

504
maill hOIl.{"14.'(Jrk alIVal's Jail upon me? 0 nO'ieMY OC.
HOOHaR paOOTa no AOMY ocerll8 ooanaraOTCR lIa MOH"?
2 OOnaJ1aTb, npIIXOA\1TbCR Ha KaKYIO-n. lI8TY, KaKOH-n.
AeHb . TII dare of ollr I,,!(.ldill fall5 on tilL
IlIdepc'Jdence DOl'. 0 .narn HaweH C8aJlbObi nonanaeT
Ha .neHb HeaaoHcIIMocTH.
3 Hana,o,aTb. H86p8CblBaTbCR HS Koro-n./'ITO-n. . The
11111181)' ch,ldn" fell 011 halllllllL.\. 0 ronOLlHble lleTH HB-
OpoCMnHCb H8 OaltaHbI. . .'w}mdItHlI' Wa.\ /{mng to fall
up(ln her ill th dllrk bill she manaRcl1 to run 0.8" 0 KTO-
TO COOIlpaJ1CR HanaCTb H8 llee B TeMllOTe, 110 eM YlI8-
nOCb y6elKaTb.
feed off slh (v pr)
1 nllTaTbCR, 1C0pMHTbCR '1eM-n.; Mcnonb30BaTb 'ITo-n. 8
mU!y . o.lT dog feed!. off tl,o: PeJlgref- nlt'lIl. 0 Hawa
coOaKa nMTaeTes! neA\1rPH. =- fl!ed nlrlupnll
2 IIMeTb 'ITo.n. CSOIIM MCTO'lHIIICOM: CI180*8TbCR. nM-
TSTbCR 'IeM-n. (l(QeIlMII. HOBOCTAMII II r.n.) . Con-
temporal;' teacher sllo'ild tn:II/lIrll' feed off the lat.:.st
.{clntrJk IWlnl. 0 COBpeMeHHblM Y'lMTenb Aon*eH
nOCTORHHO 6b1Tb B KYPCO HOUCHWIIX H8y-1HblX llocnl-
*eHM....
feed (sb) on/upon sih
(y n P', Y pr) KOpMlITb 1C0ro-n. 'IOM-n.; nMTaTbCR 'IeM-n.
. We feeJ our dog (In tl, A.'dJRre ma/. 0 Mbi KOpMI-I1.4
HaUJY co6sKY -nellHrpll-. . How call thet' fel!J on tl,at
nlhh"I,! 0 KaK 0111-1 MOIyr I1111T8TbCR 3TOM llPRHbIO?
lEI  f....J off

505
'fight sb/sth off
(v n adv) OT6.,aaTbC, "36aBl1RTbCSI OT 1C0rO-11'/'ierO-11.
. How did you fight the cockroache... off? 0 KaK Bbi "3-
6aB.,l1.,Cb OT TapaKaHoB?
finish (sth) off/up
1 (v adv, v n adv) 3aKOH<t.,Tb, 3aBepW"'Tb'lTO-II. . I must
finish off (thi.... sewing) while the lighl is good. 0 MHe
tl8AO 3aICOH'IKTb (3TO W...Tbe), OOKa CBemo. .
2 (v n adv) AoeASTb, Aon...aaTb '1TO-II.; 3aKaH.,aaTb
ecTb'lTO-II. . It S very difficult 10 make children finish
the porrid/{e off. 0 o.eHb TPYAHO 3aCTaB...Tb AeTe"
AoeASTb lCawy.
IIx (sth) on/upon sth
1 (v n pr) np"'lCpenJ1Tb, 3aKpennATb 'ITO-II. IC 'IeMY-II.
. J '// just fix a bullon on Ihe shirt and go. 0 R TOllbKO
np"Kpenl1lo nyrOB.,uy IC pyOawKe ... noy.
2 (v pr) pa3r. onpeAen.,TbCA C 'IeM-II., Bbl6paTb'lTO-II.
(.i:Iary, MecTO H r.n.) . First they fued on meeting next
week and then changed their mind. 0 CHa'l3l18 OH'" pe-
w...n... BCTpeT.,TbCA Ha CJ1eAyJOwe" HeAelle, HO nOTOM
nepeAYMa11....
get (sb/sth) off (sth)
1 (vadv, v pr) CXOAHTb, Clle3aTb, BblXOAHTb (OTKYAa-II.,
.,3 KaICOrO-I1. rpaHcnopTa) . Where musl I get off (the
bus) 10 change 10 a bus number two? 0 rAe  AOIIJKeH
CO"T'" (c aBT06yca). '1To6b1 nepececTb Ha aBT06yc
N22? => get on, let off 
2 (v pr) OTXOAHTb, OTOAB...raTbCSI, AepJKaTbCSI nOD.aJ1b- ....
we OT ero.lI. . If you get off here you can hurt your-

506
II.If! 0 EenK TbI OTOMACWb OTCIOAa, TbI MOJl(eWb nopa-
HMTbCSI. :::I kup off
3 (v sdv, v n adv) ompaOnATbCA. OTbe3JKaTb, OTOblBaTb:
ompaonRTb Koro-n. . Ithal lime did yoll gt'l of} 10
school? 0 Bo CKonbICO TbI ompaOM11CA 0 WKOny? . /'11
gel m,' .<on 'Jf and Ihen prt.'pan: bn:akfasl for >'011. 0 
omp80mo CblHa, a nOTOM npMrOToomo TeOe 3aOTpaK.
:::I be off
4 (v n adv, v n pr) CItHMaTb, Y.lJ,8mlTb, yOMpaTb 'ITo-n.
(OTlcYAa-n.) . Gel tlle d,rl" du/u.'.; uff (Ihe table) alld
do IIIe l\'ufh/llR lip. 0 Y6cPH 3T)' rPfl31ty1O noCYAY (co
cTona) M nOMO,", ce. :::I Kef on, Iu/(t' off
5 (v adv, ) P83f". M36aoMTbCfI OT H8K838HMA,
o60HTMCb MeHbWHM HaK838HHeM: H36s0HTb, cnaCTM
Koro-n. OT HSK838HMA . II. WOof IlIcl.."l'. he got off onl"
...ilh a l\'arn/llR. 0 EM}' nooe3no, OH OTl1enanCA nM\IIh
npel1ynpe*,AeHMeM. . lIt.f fnendf gut h,m uff b" pnJm-
I.<ing 10 eln.<M er lor hIm. 0 Ero llPyabA BblP}"Il1nH ero,
nOPY'UIOWHCb 38 Hero. :::I lei off
get (sb/sth) on (sth)
1 (v adv, v pr, v n pr) 38I1e38Tb, C8,0.I1TbCA, BXOAMTb (0
TpaHCnopl); nOMelUSTb Koro-n./'ITO-n. JCyAa-n. . All
ti,e time the eMI,1 ask.f hif mOlher 10 gi'l 111m on her
hal/df. 0 Pe6eHolC Dee apeMA npocMTCA K MaMe Ha
P}"IICK. . )el/l ,,'hould gel on II"s Ira", (or: .. gn on "I!I'I?)
01111 go 1111 Ihe lernlmal. 0 BaM HMO cecTb a 3TOT noe3.l1
(tfml: ... CecTb 3,/\ecb) M CX8Tb 110 1C0HC'lHO,", CTaHUI1I1.
-> get uff
2 (v adv) 1106MBaTbCA ycnexa, nponuMraThCA BnepeA
. 1101\' art" YOllr Ihmg.. gefling on" 0 KaK npojUlMralOTCA
TBOK Aena? - gt'l along, mukt' "ut

507
3 (v adv) pa3r. He MO)l(eT 6b1Tb! 6POCb TbI! OyAeT Te6e!
(BblplJ)/(eHHe Y,IlHsneHHR, He.qOsepHSlH T.n.) 'B03MOJICHO
(let on with )'Ou, . The tax inspector has come to Ollr
firm. - Get Oil! [ can't believe it! 0 HanorOBblH MH-
cneKTOp npMwell Ha HaWY cJ!MPMY. - He MO)l(eT 6b1Tb!
He MOry nOBepMTb! :::> get along/ awtIJ' with yoll
4 (v adv) npoXOAMTb, npoTeKaTb (0 speMeHH, 0 JlCH3HH),
cTapeTb (0 nlQl:lSlx) ....O!)bI..HO Continuous, . Trme is get.
ling on fa.t. bllt [ am not still ready to answer. 0 BpeMSI
npoxOAlu OblCTpo, a R eute He rOTOB OTBeliaTb. :::> get
alollg
5 (v adv) npoAOlJ)I(aTb Aenarb liTO-II. (.,aCTO nacne
nepepblBa) 'B03MOJKHO C nocne.QM npe.Q1lOrOM WIth..
. In spite of difficulties, get on with it! 0 HecMorpSi Ha
TPYAHOCTM, npOAOII)l(aH 3TO Aello!
6 (v n adv) Ha,neBaTb liTO-II. (O,lleAIWY), CTaBHTb '1TO-II.
(JleTsm.. ICpbIWKY U T.n. ) CBepxy . Get thi..f jacket on, not
that one. 0 OAeHb 3TOT nll\A)Kak, a He TOT.
get (sb) on I onto sth
(v pr, v n pr) 330MpaTbCSI Ha lirO-II.; ca,nMrb 1C0rO-II. Ha
'1TO-II.; ca,nMTbC$! Ha liTO-II./BO liTO-II. (Ha noWanb, 8e-
nocHne,Il. 8 rpaHCf1opT) . [ want to learn today how 10
get on a horse. 0 s:I XO'IY ceroAHR HaY'4MTbC$! ca,nMTbCR
Ha 1I0UJa.Qb. . [think the conductor will not get us all
onto the same bus. O,nYMalO. liTO kOHAYICTOP He nocaJU'lT
Hac Bcex B OAMH aBT06yc.
get on to sbfsth (v adv pr) = get onto sbfsth
(v pr)
1 CBR33TbCl'l C keM-II./'CeM-II. (no TenecpoHY unu JlPY- lEI
ruMU Cpe,llCTBaMH) . Plea.fe, help me to get onto .fame

508
lravel agency to order 10 tick£1S 10 Kiev. 0 6Yl11> l106p,
nOMorn CBSl38TbC1I C KaJa1M-HMOy.D.b areHTCTBOM, TOObi
3aIC338Tb 10 OMJIeTOB 110 KMeea.  be 011 to, put on to
2 BbiCnel1MTb, pa300J1aMTb 1C0ro-n., paClCpblTb Ka-
t:y1O-n. TaMtt}' . It s time for you to go to the police. they
have got on to your scelll. 0 nopa TeOe MI1TH B nonM-
WUO, OHM Hanan", Ha TBOM cnel1.  be on to
3 nepexOlJ.Mfb IC eMY-n. 1JPYf0MY (0 TeMe, 0 pa60Te H
T.n.) .1 won't gt on to ,his subject until you are quiet.
o 51 He nepeM.AY IC 3TOM TeMe, nOKa 8b1 He YCnoKomecb.
 JHlSS on
give off sth
() MCnyCKaTb, npoM380lJ.MTb, BblI1enSlTb TO-J1.
(3anax, WYM H T.n.) . Something giw:s off a very strange
smell nearby. 0 OTt:yll.a-TO pSll10M MCXOI1MT O'4eHb
crpaHHblM 38nax.
go off (sb/sth)
1 (v adv) yp,anSlTbCSI (Tal()ll(e 06 aKrepe Ha cueHe),
yxOlJ.MTb, Ye3)KaTb . That s enouKh for me, 1 am going
off 0 XeaTm C MeHSI, SI YXOYKY.  go away
2 (v adv) npoX0l1111Tb, YlI.aeaTbCSI, npoTeKaTb, npolllc-
XOl1\11Tb (0 C06b1THH. co6paHHH H T.n.) B OCHOBHOM
Simple Tenses, Bcer118 conpoBOlI\.QaeTCII OOCTOIITenbCT80M
06pa38 AeMcTBHII well. 85 ususl \II T.A.' . How did YO'lr test
go off! - guite well! 0 KalC npoXOlJ.Mno TeCTlilpoBaHMe?
- .o.OBOl1bHO xopowo!  pass off
3 (v adv) 38CblnaTb, YCHYTb . Did the children go off
riKht uwa)'? 0 AeTIo! 3aCtt}'11111 cpa3Y?  drop off, put
off
III

509


4 (v adv) nOpmTbCSI, npoTyXaTb, CKiIIC8Tb (0 nHwe) . I
con'l eot iI, it:S gone off. 0 s:I He MOry 3TO eeTb, OHO
HCnOp'feHO.
 be off
5(vadv)Heno
B8
,oTKn
a
,oTcoeAMHRTbCSI
(063HeprHH, BO..Qe, cseTe H T.n.) . I con" prepare din-
ner- Ihe waler _nt off/rom the morning. 0 s:I He MOry
npMroToBMTb 06eA - BOAbi HeT C yrpa.
 be off, '"rn
off
6 (v pr) TepRTb "'HTepee, anneTMT IC 1C0My-n./'feMy-n.;
paanl06"'Tb Koro-n./'fTO-n. . I went off driving after
Ihol occident. 0 nocne TOro c11y'IaR R nOTepRn MHTepec
IC BO*J1eHMIO MaW"H.
 be off, turn off


go on (5th) [HMeeTC1l n H inv)
1 (v pr) noexaTb, ompasMTbCSI B KalCoe-lI. nyrewecT-
SMe. c K8KOM-II. uellblO (8 omyCK, H8 3KCK'fPCH1O '" T.n.)
. We've gOI tickets to go on an excursion. 0 Mbi AOCTS-
nM 6MI1eTbI, 'fT06b1 noexaTb Ha 3ICCKYPCMIO.
2 (v adv) npoAOlDICaTb, He OCTaHaSllMB8TbCR (,.QenBTb
'IJ"O-n.)
B03MO"'HO C nocneJlYlO
i\ ing-4IOPMO" Present
PartICiple ItnH c nPBA/lOrOM wilt!}o> . He come in but we went
on talking os nothing happened. 0 OH BOwell, HO Mbi
npOA01l*81lM rOBopMTb. 6YATO HM'fero He C/lY'fMnOCb.
. Go on (with your dinner), I won 'I disturb you. 0 npo-
AOn)l(8MTe (o6e
Tb), R Bac He nol5eenoKOIO.
 carry
on, go llItead
- ongoing
Cadi] HenpepblBHblM, nOCTORHHblM
3 (v adv) npollOl1)l(aTb rosopMTb 'fTO-II.
HCnOllb3yeTcR _
nplt nepe,lla..e npRMOR pe<!";" . "So," the teacher tWnt on, --.,




510
speaking enigmatieall» "guess what /'II tell you!" 0
..IiITaK, - npoJ10roKaJ1 Y"HTel1b. 3araAO'iHO Bblpa>KaACb.
- J10ranaMTecb, 'iTO JI 83M CKaJKy!"
4 (v adv) nepeXO.Q.MTb (K .QpyrOMY .QeRCTBUIO nocne
He60nbWoro nepepblsa) ";;:C nocneAM MH$MHHTHBOM
to do HIIH nP8A11OrOM fO);. . After a small interval the lee-
trlrer went on to ask quesllons. (\ nocne He6ol1bWoH
naY3b1 l1elCTOp crall 3a,D.383Tb eonpocbl. . Now we
should go on to page 30. 0 ,lI,anee MbI J10roKHbI nepeHTH
K CTpaHHlIe 30.
5 (v adv) npoHCXOJ1HTb, cl1)/"1aTbCJI OlSbI'IHO Cootinilous:»
. Hu.h! The chrm:h service is going on. 0 THwe! liIJ1eT
uepKoBHaR cl1YJ1(6a.
D goings-on (pi)
In] Heo6b1'iHble, He COBCeM npHJlTHbie C06b1THR,
nOCtynlCH . I can tell you about- .fame scandalous go-
;n1($-on in the firm. (\ SI MOry paccKa3aTb Terie 0 He-
ICOTOpbIX CKaHJJ.3/1bHblX .I1enax B 3TOH 4IHpMe.
ground sth on sth
(v n pr) OCHOBbiBaTb 'fr0-11. Ha 'ieM-I1.; 06OCHOBbiBaTb,
nO,O.Kpenl1J1Tb 'iTO-I1. 'ieM-I1. "''18CTO PassIve;;' . Your an-
.",er must be well grounded on facts. (\ IBOM OTseT
.I10l1)1(eH riblTb OCH083H Ha 4IalCTax.  base on/upon
grow on/upon sb
(v pr) CTaHOBMTbCJI 60l1ee npHBl1eKaTel1bHblM .QJ1J1 KO-
rO-I1., paCTH B 'ibHX-I1. maaax. Have you already spo-
ken so? You are growing on me! (\ HeYJl(el1101 Tbi TaK
rOBoploll1? Ib1 paCTeWb B MOHX maaax!
II

-.
511
hand sth on
(v n adv) nepeABBaTb'lTO-n. (M3 P)'IC 8 P)'ICM; M3 nOKO-
neHMR 8 f1OKOneHMe) <.(B03MOJIOtOC npeAllOl"OM 10» . He'll
hand the lener on only to you. 0 OH nepeABCT nHCbMO
TonbICO Te6e. . Parents are obliged to hand on their
Icnowledge to children. 0 POAHTenH oOA3aHbI nepe,Qa-
88Tb CBOH 3HaHHR AeniM.
hang on (sth)
1 (v adv) pS3r. nOAO)l(J:18Tb (TalOfCe Y Teneq,OHa);
CAenaTb, BblAep",aTb nayay ....,acTO II noeenHTenbHOM H8-
IUIOHeHHH' . Will you hturg Oil here while he is out.
o nOAOJIW,HTe a.a.ecb, nOKa ero tieT. =:> hold on
2 (v adv) pay. AepJlC8TbCS1, npoAepJICal'bCR (B 1PYAHoe
BpeltMl, 8 TPYJl.HOM nonOJIC6HMM) . If we don't come to
him right now he won't hllllg on any longer. 0 EcnH Mbi
He npMAeM I( Her.ty npslMO ceiii'iac, OH 60nbWe He npo-
AElP"'HTCSI. :::) hold on
3 (v pr) )l(,A8Tb c HeTepneHHeM HcnonHeHHR 'iero-n.;
6b1Tb 3aBHCMMblM OT 'Iero-n. . Our life, unfortunately.
hllllgs Oil money. 0 Hawa "'HaHb, I( COJlC811eHHlO, aa.
SHC,,"" OT AeHer. . Why does our daughter hllllg Oil his
every coming? 0 n0<4er.ty Hawa AO'ib TaK )!IAeT KaJlC,Aoro
ero nOABneHHR?
hang on to sb/sth (v adv pr) = hang onto
sb/sth (v pr)
1 yuenHTbCSI. AepJlC8TbCR (K,OenKo) 3a Koro-n./'ITO-n.
. HllIIg onto my arm, /'II help you to cross the street. II
o AeP*MTeCb 3a MOIO PYKY; 51 noMOry 88M nepeiiiTH
ynHY. = hold on to

512
2 pa3r. HaXO,lJ.loITb 8 "IeM-J1. Ha.o,eJKHYIO OO.QAeP*KY " .
nOMOU4b (8 T1JYJlHoe IJP6MR, 8 T1JYJlHOM nO/JOJlCeHHH H
r.n.) . The only way of surviving now is to hang on t8
dollars. 0 EAHHCTBeHHblM cnocoO BblJKIIITb CeM"IaC -
3TO l1ePJKaTbCSI 3a 110smapbl. = hold on 10
head sbl sth off
(v n adv) psar. npe110TBpaTKTb "ITO-J1. (HenpHRTHOCTb H
T.n.), OTBJ1e"1b 1C0ro-n. (HB 'ITO-n. .QP}'I'"oe); nOMewan.
"IeMy-n. . How did you manage to h1Ul off a collision
between two cars? 0 KaIC JKe BaM Yl1aIK>Cb npeAOT-
BpaTHTb CTOnlCHOBeHHe l1BYX MaWHH? . Please. help me
to h1Ul my husband off from drinking. 0 nOJKa11YMcTa,
nOMOntT8 MH8 nOM8waTb MOBMY M'f'J«Y 8b1nHBaTb.
hold (sb/sth) off
1 (vadv. v n adv) l1epJKaTbCA OOlJ,a11bl1Je, He OOAXOl1l1Tb;
CAepJKHBaTb. YAepJKHBaTb 1C0rO-J1./"ITo-n. . Try to h0l4
off if you see this dog. 0 CTapaMCA AepJKaTbCSI nOl1amr
we, 8C11H YBHAMWb 3TY co6aKY. . Police tried to hold 01/
the football fans until their favourite team passed them,
o nOJ1MW1A nbiTanaCb Yl1epJKHBaTb 4IyrOOJ1bHblX 00-
nenbUU'llCOB, nOKa HX l1I06MMaA 1C0Ma1\Q,8 npoxOAHJ18
MHMO HM)(.
2 I v adv n ) B03AepJKHBaTbCA OT "IerO-J1. (clCopee
speMeHHo) 0(11 K3'1eCTBe npllMOrO 110001lHeHlfR MO)I(eT Own.
HCnOnb30B8Ha mg-<J>opua gerund'» . I'll hold off (giving
you) advice, try to malce a decision of your own. 0 
B03Aep*ycb p,aBaTb Te6e COBeTbI, nocTapaMCA npH-
111 HATb peW8HM8 caMocToATenbHO.

1
513
hold on (v adv)
1 pa3r. .o.ep*<!TbCSI CTOMICO, He YCTynaTb . lie had 10
hold 0" Wilholll any food until his friends came 10 hi.f
aid. 0 OH BblH\')K.IJ.eH 6b1J1 npo.o.epJKaTbCSI 6e3 BCSlICOM
n1U. nOKa .lJ.Py3bSl He npwl1 H3 nOMOUU>. :::> ha"g 0"
2 npo,llOl\JlC3Tb ,IleMCTBOBaTb, .IJ.BraTbCSl: ,IJ.IITbCA Oe3
nepepblBa . I was told to hold on ahoullWo kilome'er.
to gel 10 Ihe beach. 0 MHe CKa3aJ1 npO.QOI1JKaTb .o.TM
ee OK0l10 ,IlBYX K110MeTpOB, '1To6b1 ,IlOOpaTtoaI .0.0
MR*<!.
3 pa3r. nO,llO*0D,3Tb, BbI.o.epJKaTb nay3Y 'I3CTO II nosenH-
TenbHOM HaI(}1()HeHHM}> . Will you hold on a bit? 0 no,llo-
)I(.Q..,Te HeMtlOro. :::> hang on
hold on to sb/sth (v adv pr) = hold onto
sb/sth (v pr)
1, 2 = hang on 10 sblslh
3 nO,llep*<!Tb, COXpaHTb '1TO-I1. (no ICSlCoro-n. nepH-
QQa) . Please. hold on 10 ,his key for me Jor a week
while I am on a business trip. 0 nOJKaJJyiiiCT3, COXpaHM
3TOT ICIIIC)'j,IJ.IIR MeHA B Te'leHe He.u.eI1M, nOKa R fJy,IlY B
kOMaH,lJ.HpoBKe.
. keep (sb/sth) off (sb/sth)
1 (v 3dv, v pr, v n adv, v n pr) ,Ilep*<!TbCSI, HaxO,llTbCA Ha
paCCTORHM (OT 1C0ro-n./'iero-I1.). He nO,llXO,IJ.HTb: Y,Ilep-
JKMBaTb, He nOAnYCKaTb 1C0rO-II. OllM3KO . Did you see
the sign 10 kp off (from) this old building? 0 Tlol BMJJ.el1
3H3K - He nO,IJ.XO,llMTb fJl13KO IC 3TOMY CT3POMY 
CTpoeHMIO? . Keep your son off (from) this dog. 0 He
no.anYCKaihe CBoero CbI3 IC 3TOM cofJalCe. :::> gel off
17 B. f. CTOJIRp

514
2 (v pr, v n pr) B03.0.ep)I(I4Ba1'bCR, y,nep)l(I4B8TbCS1 OT
"faro-n.; c,nep)l(JotBaTb. y,nep)I(HBaTb Koro-n./'4TO-n. OT
Koro-n./'4ero-n. . Would you mind heping offsmoking
here? 0 5y,nbTe ,n06Pbl, B03,nep)l(KTeCb OT ICYpeHMA
3.O.ecb. . Doctor. how to hep my husband off drinking?
o lJ,OKTOP, KaIC y.nepJK3Tb Maera MY'Ka OT Bblnlll8l(141
. When you talk to her keep off this delicate the,
o KorD,a Tbi pa3rOBapHBaewb C Het!, He 3aTparlllaa
3Tot!,nenlllKaTHOM TeMbi.  SII1)' away
· keep one's hands off sth
(v n pr) He TporaTb 1C0ro-n./ To-n.; ,nep)K8Tb PYKH npo
OT 1C0ro-n./ero-n. . Tell him to /(up his hands off m
bicycle. 0 CI(8)KIII eMY, T06b1 He yPoraJ1 Moiii eenociot-
ne.n.
III
keep (Sb/sth) on (sb/sth)
1 (v adv) npo,n011Jl(aTb npeo.noneBaTb KaKHe-n. TPVJ14
HOCTIII, He C80paIIIBaTb C nyrlll (s npRMOM H ne.:
HOCHOM cMblcne) . If YOIl want to get your way. yo
should uep on. hm\'(.'I:cr difficult it IS. 0 Ecmol Tbi x.
eWb ,n06111TbCS'I CBoero, Tbi ,non)l(eH He CBOpa"fIllBaTb .
nyrH, lCaK 6b1 3TO Hili 6b1J1O TPYJJ.HO.
2 (vnadv, vnpr)HeCH"'MaTbTo-n. (C Koro-I1./ero-n.
HOCIIITb, y.nep)l(lIIBaTb Koro-n./To-l1. Ha eM-n. . W .
are you keeping the unfa.fhiQnahle gloves on? Ta ,.
them off. 0 nOOfeMY Tbi HOCIIIWb TalCllle HeMo.nH. .
nel)'laTICIII? CHIIIMIII I4X. . lie cou/dn't manage to h. .
himself on (a horse). 0 EMY He yD,aJ1OCb y.nep*aTbCS'I ( .
110wa,Q,M) .
3 (v n adv) npo,non)l(aTb HCn0I1b30BaTb et!-n. TPY'
. The School Council agreed to keep the two old leach

515
ers Oil. 0 WKOllbHblH COBeT cornaCllmcs:I OCTaBIo1Tb Ha
pa60Te 3T\o1X IJ.fJI{X nmKlo1l1bIX Y'fIo1TellbHlo1.
· keep on doing 5th
(v adv) npolJ.OroKaTb lJ.enaTb "TO-II. <3,Qe<:b doing - pres-
ent pafficiple}o . The weather Wa.f fine but he Icept Oil
readillg a book at home. 0 norolJ.8 6b1l1a npelCpaCHas:l.
HO OH npolJ.OIIJKall ..KTaTb 1J.0Ma KHlo1ry.
kick (5th) off (HMeeTCR n)
1 (v n adv) OTTaIllCHBaTb, OTWBblplo1BaTb ..TO-II. Horoiil
. His football boots were dirt)' and he had to kid. all
the dirt off. 0 Ero $yr60llbHble 60TIo1HICIo1 6b111101 rps:l3Hble,
101 eMY nplo1WIIOCb CTpIIXIo1BaTb BCIO rpSl3b.
2 (v adv, v n adv) pS3r. 3apa60TaTb, OTlCpblTbCs:I;
OTKpblBaTb (BblCTaBKY. ce30H 101 T.n.); Ha'iIo1HaTb (..TO-II.)
. It s high time they kklud the discussion off 0 Y)I(e
.Q,aBHO nopa 101M OTKpbITb AMCKYCCI1IO. . You can't Aid.
off now. you are not ready. 0 BbI He MO)l(eTe Ha..Io1HaTb
ceiil'f8C, BbI He rOTOBbI
D Iciclc.off
(nJ H8'faI10. CTapT . Tell me. fOr a kid.-off. where you
have been. 0 CKa*101 MHe, IJ.11A Ha'fana, rne TbI 6b111.
knock (5th) off (5th)
1 (v n adv, v n pr) C6101BaTb, CTPAXI1BaTb ..TO-II. (OTJCy-
1J.8-1I.) . Kllock the spider off (your head). 0 CMaXHIo1
nayiC3. (co cBoeiil rOlloBbI).
2 (v adv) pa3r. 3alCaH..Io1BaTb, npelCpaU¥iTb Y'fe6y,
pa60ry III T.n. . Today we ""oelced off at one 0 'clock.
o CerO.Q,HR MbI 3aICOH..101111o1 B 'lac. 11"1::;
3 (v n adv, v n pr) c6aBJ1RTb, CHIo1)1(8Tb (teHHOCTb, LleH}' Ha -
KaKYIO-II. Bel1lo1..l1HY . Please, 'mod. off a rouble,
17-

11
516
I don 'I ha,'e so much. 0 nO*CUJyMCT8, CHM3b L4eHY H8 1
py6nb, y Met«! HeT CTonbKO lleHer. . 1/ you don'l !nocA
one rouble off your price I won 'I be able 10 buy il. 0 Ec-
nM Sbi He c6aSHTe L4eHY H8 1 py6nb, A He CMery KYnHTb
3TO.
· knock It off
(v n 8dv) pS3r. nepeCTaHb. OCTaHOSMCb. npelCpaTM
..06bNHO II nosenl1TenbHOM M8IU1OHeHHI1;" . Would you.
p/eme, knocJc il of/. I want to relax. 0 6Yllb 1l06p, npe-
KpaTM, A XO'IY OTIlOXHyTb.
knock (sth) on sth
1 (v pr, v n pr) = !nod againsi/on
2 (v pr) CT)"4aTb no 1fE!...y-n. (S.QsePb. S OKHO H T.n.). It.
.{eem.{ 10 me somebody i.{ Anodcing on the door. 0 MHe
KaJlCeT, 'fTO KTO-TO CT)"4HTCi'I Sllsepb.
land (sb/sth) on/upon (sb)
1 Iv n pr, v pr) pS3f". HaSeWHBaTb ('fTO-II.) Ha 1C0ro-n.;
OCTasnRTb Koro-n./"To-n. KOMy-n. nOIl npMCMOTp; nPM-
nHCblSaTb SHHY Ha lCoro-n.; 06SHHATb KorO-II. . Sony.
we la"dd (the blame) on )'ou for nOlhing. 0 a.13SHHHT8,
Mbi HanpaCHO 06SHHAnH BaC. . As I4sual, mother lcurd-
ed m.,,' little brother on me. 0 KalC 06b1"HO, MaMa OCTa-
SHM 6paTHKa Ha MeHR.
2 (v pr) AmE pa3r. Ha6pacblBaTbCA H8 KorO-II. C py-
raHbIO; .o.asarb KOMy-n. HaroHRM . Ollr bo:.:{ like.{ firslto
land on 14.{ and Ihell to complimenll4s. 0 HaweMy we<W
HpaS\IIT CHa'falla pyr8Tb Hac, a nOTOM XBanHTb.
\Ellay (sb) off (sb/sth) (HMeerCi'l n]
1 (vadv, v pr) pa3r. He npHcTasaTb (IC 1C0My-n.), OTCTa-

517
BaTb(OT Koro-n./..ero-n.). Layoff(me),/ am very'busy
at the moment. 0 OTCTSHb (OT MeHSI), SI ceH..ac o..eHb
3aHSlT.
2 (vadv, v pr) pa3r. nepecTaTb (J1enaTb "TO-n.), 6pocI'ITb
(KaKOe-n. J1eno) ....nOCIIe npeA/lOra B03MOJKH8 mg-4K>pr.oa
gerund . You'd heller layoff coming here. 0 Te6e 6b1
J1Y'Iwe nepecTaTb XOJ1I'1Tb CIOLJa. . You have a very' had
hahit: it: time to la}' off (it). 0 Y Te6S1 o..eHb nnoxaSl
npl'lsbI"Ka; nopa 6pocaTb ee.
3 (v n adv) ocs06oJ1I'1Tb, OTClpaHI'ITb Koro-n. OT pa-
6oTbl, ysonl'lTb 1C0ro-n. C pa60TbI (06b1HO H8 SpeMJI)
. The (/ireclOr la;d the workers off because of the lack
of money for their salary'. 0 Al'lpeKTop ysonl'ln pa6o..l'Ix
M3-3a OTcyTCTSI'ISl J1eHer Ha 3apnnaTY.
D Isy-off
[n) npl'lOCTaHOSKa npo...3S0J1CTBa; YBonbHeHl'le 1'13-3a
OTcyTCTB...SI pa60TbI ... T.n. . The d,rector announced
new lay-offs last It:eek. 0 Al'lpeKTop 06bASl'ln 0 HOSbIX
ysonbHeHl'lfIX Ha npownoiil HeJ1ene.
lay 5th on (v n adv)
1 o6ecne'jMTb lCeM-n./'feM-n.; npl'lCnarb. J1OCTaSI'ITb
1C0ro- n./ '!TO- n. . The first W"0up of rescuers was laid on
just after a distress signal. 0 nepsaSl rpynna cnaca-
Teneiil 6b1na ompasneHa cpa3Y nocne Cl'lrHana 6eJ1-
CTBI'ISI.
2 OpraH1430BaTb "TO- n. (sblCr8BKy. MeponpHJlTHfl H T.n.)
. Let: lay un outinK on. 0 AaBaiilTe opraHI'I3yeM nl'lK-
HMIC.
3 pa3r. npeysen........BaTb "To-n. . Oh. no! You are lay- lEI
;ng my taJenL on a bit. 00, HeT! Tbi npeysenl'l'fl'leaeWb

518
HeMHoro MOM cnoco6HOCTI'I. . Don't IllY it on! () He
npeYBeI1M'IMB8M.
lead (sb/sth) off (sth) (HMeeTCSl n]
1 (v n adv, v n pr) yeo.o.I'ITb KorO-I1. (onyAa-J1.) . He
asked to lead your friend off (this room). () OH npocl'lJ1
YBecTM APyra (M3 3TOiil KOMHaTl>l).
2 (v adv, v n-adv) H3'1MHaTb, OTlCpblBaTb (QTO-J1.) . Why
not lelld off (the concert) with a song? () nO'IeMY Obi He
Ha'laTb(KOHepT)CneCHM?
D lead-o"
[n] Ha'lMH31O" (Hrpy. COpeSHOBaHHSl H T.n.) . He
asked me to be a lead-off. () OH nonpocMJ'l MeHR OblTb
3aneBaI10M.
lead (sb) on
1 (vadv, v n adv) BeCTI'I (lCorO-II.), nOK33b1BaTb (KOMY-I1.)
.o.opory. He li!re.f leading (the others) on. () OH 11I06MT,
QTOObi OH Oblll enepe.o.lII (.o.pyrMx).
2 () no.o.OIllBaTb 1C0rO-II. H3 '1TO-I1. Hexopowee . I
want to know W'IO led him on to clo that. () SI xO'Iy 3H3Tb.
KTO no.o.OMI1 ero c.o.ell3Tb 3TO.
leave (5th) off
1 (v 3dv, ) pa3r. nepeCT3Tb, npelCpaTIIITb, oc-
TaBMTb (KaICOe-l1. .o.el1o) "8 K3'IeCT8e npRMoro l1OnonHeHIIIR
06b1'1HO Hcnonb3yeTcSI mg-cpopMa gefund.. . When will it
leave off slwu-ing? () KorAa >Ke npeKpaTiolTCR CHerona.o,?
. We CLfkeclllim to pick up where he left off. () Mbi no-
npOC1II11111 ero Ha'l3Tb C Toro MeCTa, r.o.e OH OCTaHo-
BMI1CR.
m

519
2 (v n aclv) He OAeBaTb. He HOCHTb 60llbWe '4TO-Il.
(OAeJItQy. 06YSb) . Leave Illi... skirr off. il doesn't suil
you. 0 OcTaBb STY IOOIeY. OHa Te6e He nOAXOAl'lT.
let sb/sth off (sth) (v n adv, v n pr)
1 BblCCI)I(IoIBaTb. BblnycKaTb KorO-I1. (OTKYAa-Il.) . I
would like J 'Ou 10 let me off (the car) round the corner.
o S1 6b1 KOTel1, '4roObi 8b1 MeHR 8b1caAIoII1101 (1013 MaWIoIHbI)
3a yrOOM.  Ret off
2 pa3r. oc8060lU1Tb 1C0ro-l1. (OT '4ero-I1.); n03BOIllolTb
1C0MY-I1. He Ael1aTb '4TO-I1. . Onb' my mother can let me
off (cleaning the room). 0 TOllbKO MOR MaMa MOJKeT OC-
B060AIoITb MeHR (OT y60PKIoI KOMHaTbI). => get off
let on (sth) (v adv, v adv n)
1 pa3r. nporOBoplolTbCR. 8b1AaTb lCalCoII\-I1. ceKpeT <B03-
MO)I(HO C nOCl1e.o.yK)UU1M npe.o.norOM about. B lta'lBCT1le npll-
MOro ,QonOI1HeHHA McnOI1b3yeTCfI npM.Q3TO'tHoe ,QOI1OI1HMTel1l>-
HOe C COlO3HblMM CIIOB8MH that, what, where. how).. . J tried
to learn Ihe way !I.he had {/ecidel/the problem, but ...he
didn't let on (how). 0 SJ nbiTatlCR Y3HaTb cnoc06, KO-
TOpblM OHa peWIoIl1a 3aD,a'4Y, HO OHa He paClCpbll1a celC-
peT. => gi away
2 nplolTBopRTbCR; IoI300p8)l(aTb '4TO-I1., HanyclCaTb Ka-
1C01I\-11. BIoIJl "0 1C3't8CToe npAMorO.QonOntteHHA HCnOI1b3yeTCA
npH,AaTO'tHoe AOnOI1HHTel1bHoe C COlO3HblM CI10BOM that;' . J
don't heli('\"e him: I think he lets on (that he is ill). 0 S1
He BeplO eMY; R AYMalO. '4TO OH nplolTBOpReTCR (Hnw ...
AYMalO, OH nplolTBOpsieTCR. '4TO OOlleH).
lie off (v adv)
III
1 CTORTb Ha HeKOTOpOM paCCTORHIoIIoI OT 6epera (0 KO-

520
patine H r.n.) "'Ofibl'lHO S,mple Tensesj.> . How long will
Ihal ship lie off Ihere? 0 KaIC D.Ol)ro 6YD.eT CTORTb TaM
Tor Kopa6llb?
2 npelCpalW!Tb pa60T)' (Ha speMR) ....OObl'lHO Simp"
Tenses;" . Whal "'a the reason YOIi layoff for I\t@
hOllrs? 0 no KaKoiil npWUIHe Tbi He paf50TaJI B Te'leH1018
D.Byx'Iacos?
live off Ion sb I sth (v pr)
1 nHTaTbCR 'IeM-Il., I1MeTb'lTO-Il. Ha nponl1TaHHe . Ho
coult/ Iher liye on(\' onlore.1 berries? 0 KaK OHI1 Morn..
)l(I1Tb. nHTaRCb rOllblCO lleCHblMH RrOD.3MH?
2 )l(HTb 33 'Ieiil-Il. C'IeT, npO)l(I1SaTb Ha CpeD.CTBa 0
'Iero-Il.; KOpMHTbCR 'IeM-Il. . They are ,'er)' well sellied
/ ",ouldn'l mind liYing on .wmebody 100. 0 OHH O'leHb
XOPOWO YCTPOHIlHCb; A 6b1 TO)l(e He npO'fb nO)!(I1Tb :
'IeM- TO C'leT. . He lives off his painling. 0 OH 1C0pMHT"
33 C'leT CBOHX KaPTHH.
live on
(vadv) npOD.OIl)!(aTb>KHTb; BbI)I(HBaTb(0 nlO,QRX. O,QefI: 
H r.n.) . He died bUI his affair. [iWl on In our memo
in our life. 0 OH YMep, HO ero D.ella >KHByr B Hawe..
MATH, s Haweiil )!(H3HH.
m
look on
(vadv) IHMeeTCR n H invJ f5b1Tb 6e3Y'IaCTHbiM 3pHTer
H361110D,aTb . / wOllder, ",hy .1'011 mere(r looked Oil a
(/itln'l interruplihul fighl. 0 HTepecHo 3H3Tb, nO'le
Tbi npocTO Ha61110D.31l H He npepBall TV o.paKY.
D looker-on
InJ 3pHTellb, 6e3rtaCTHbliiI Ha61l1OD.3Tellb . How ma

521
loolr.e'.n and nobody intetjeres in Ihe fiht. 0 KaK
MHoro Ha6mo,Q8TelleH, III HIilKTO He BMeWIilBaeTCR B
APaKY.
- onlooker
[n]3plllTellb,3eBaKa
- onlooking
[n] Ha6moJleHllle, B3rnR.II. co CTOpOHbI
look on/upon sb/sth
(v pr) paCCMaTplotBaTb Koro-ll./'fTO-n., OTHOCIIITbCR K
KOMY-ll./'IeMY-ll.; C'IIliTaTb 1C0rO-Il./'fTO-Il. "'B03MOJKHO C
nocnellyK>UU1MM npeA/loraMM 8S. with}> . lie loolr.ed on
Ihese results of experiment wilh suspicion. 0 OH OTHO-
CMnCR IC 3TIIIM pe3YllbTaTaM 3ICcneplllMeHTa C nOAo3pe-
HloteM. . Stop looling on my wife as a maidservant.
o nepecTaHb C'IMTaTb MOIO )l(eHY C11y)I(aHICOH.
look onto sth
(v pr) ISblTb olSpaweHHblM K 'faMy-il.; BblXOJ].MTb Ha 'fTO-II.
WIlli BO 'fTO-II. (06 OI(He, I(OMHare, CTeHe .lI0Ma H T.n.)
. I was allowed 10 sleep in the room which looled 0"'0
Ihe sea. 0 MHe pa3pewliinlot cnaTb B KOMHaTa, KOTOpaR
olSpaweHa IC MOplO.
make off
(v adv) = male Ilway/off
make off with sth
1,2 (v ad\' pr) = make Ilway/offwilh
make on sth III
(v pr) 3apa6aTbiBaTb Ha 'feM-n.; nOll'fiaTb AOXOA OT

522
'fero-n. . You can ",ake 0" your flat, letting it out. 0 Tbi
MO)l(eWb aapaOOTaTb H8 ceoeM Ksapn.pe, C.nasaA ee B
HaeM.
move off
(v adv) OTDe3XaTb, OTXOAMTb . It was a pit}: the train
mO'lled off when I saw it. 0 >Ka11b tSblno, '1TO noe3A OT-
XOAMll, Kor.na A ero YBH.Q.en.
move (sb) on
1 () OTOABMHyTb, OTTeCHMTb KorO-II. . The police
will move us on if we stay here. 0 nOIlHUHSJ Hac OTTec-
HMT, eCllM Mbi 6YAeM CTOSITb 3AeCb.
2 (v adv) ompaB1lATbCSt B nyTb; exaTb, .vJ.TH. ASMraTbCSl
Aanbwe "'B03MO:IICHO C nocnel1YIOWHM npel1110rOM to»
. They gave one concert in MO.fCOW then the)' moved Oil
to Pari.... 0 OHH AaJlH OAIoIH KOHU8pT B MOCKBe 101 33Te...
ompaSHIIHCb B napM)I(.
3 (v adv) npoABl1raTbCA (no cn)I)K6e, B npo(/)eccHH If
T.n.); IoIATH BnepeJJ" nporpeCCHpOBaTb ....e03MO:IICHO C
nOCllBJ1Y1OWI1M npel1/l0rOM to);> . I believe he '/I "'ove 0" to
the higher post. 0 SI nollaralO. '1TO OH npoABI1HeTCA H8
tSonee BbiCOKYIO D,On)l(HOCTb.
pack sb/5th off
(v n adv) pa3r. CpO'lHO OmpaB1lATb, OTCbII1aTb 1C0ro-II.1
'1TO-II. IK}'.aa-n.) "'B03MO*HO C nocnenYlOU4HM npe,Q/1oro..
to);> . We padced our daughter off to her grandmother
at; soon os we decided 10 redecorate our flat. 0 Kale
TonbKO Mbi peWHlll1 CAel18Tb peMOHT B HaweM ICsap-
THpe, Mbi ompaBl1nl1 AO'lKY IC 6a6ywlCe.
III

523
pass (5th) oft
1 (v adv) npoMTM, nponaCTb, H3HY1'b (06 owe-
HH1lK, 0 RBneHH1lK npHpoJl,bI) . Onv by the morning my
headache had passed off. 0 MOR rOI1OBHasI OOllb npo-
wna TOllbICO IC yrpy.
2 (v adv) npoxOAMTb, npoTeKaTb (0 1C8KOM-n. co6b1THH)
. Did the repairs JHlSS offwell? 0 Xopowo npowell pe-
MOHT?
3 (v n adv) He c.nyuJaTb, He 3aMEl'taTb 'fTO-n.; He 00-
paut8Tb Ha 'fT0-1I. BHHMaHlo1e . Usually, when sh£ starts
speaking much, he JHlSYs her words off. 0 06b1'fHO. ICO-
rM OHa Ha'UlHaeT MHoro r080PHTb, OH He cnywaeT ee.
4 () BbIA3BaTb 1C0rO-Il./'fT0-n. (8 T.II. ) 3a
1C0ro-n./'fTO-II., npenO,O,HOCKTb 'fT0-1I. B ICaIC0M-II. ICa-
'feCTBe 06b1OjHO C r1OCJI8A)'IOWHM npe.o,norOM as» . She
passed herself off as a pensioner. 0 Otta BbI,AaJIa ee6S1 3a
neHC1010HepKy.
paSS (5th) on
1 (vadv) = pass away/Oil/Over
2 (v n adv) nepe.a,aB3Tb 'fTO-II. (KoMy-n., KY"aa-n.) -<('!aC-
TO C nocnell)'lOLIU'IM npeA/10rOM to» . PtlSS the prescription
Oil to the patient which has gone out. 0 neTe
peqarrr naUHeHT)', ICOTopbl" Bblwell.
3 (v adv) npoxo.l1lm> naflbWe . Pass on. don't block the
fIIOvement. 0 npoxo.WlITe naflbUJe, He npenmCTBYMTe
118101J1CeHlo1lO.
4 (v n adv) nepeMB3Tb 'fTO-n. no HaCnen.CTey, OT crap-
WHX MI\8,O,WHM -<{\lClCTO c nocJIe.aM npeA/IOrOM to,
. He spent a lot of time to pass his practical skills 011 to II
lIS. 0 OH nOTpaTHII Macey &per.ceHIo1, 'fToObi nepe.a,aTb
HaM CBOH npaKTI4'feclCHe )'MaHMR.

524
III
5 (v adv) nepeXOAIoITb (OT O.QHoro BI1Q8,aeRTenbHOCTH K
.QPyrOAl'Y) "..aCTO C nocne.o.ytOM npe,Q/lOfOM to}> . We
can't decide this problem, lel:{ pass 011 to another one.
o Mbi He MO)l(eM peWHTb 3T)' 3aIJ.aY. lIasaM nepe"AeM
K APyrOM,  ReI on 10
pay (sb/sth) off [HMe6TCR nJ
1 Iv n adv) pacnnaTHTbC nOnHOCTbIQ c KeM-n. (303
sbmonHeHHYIO pa60T)'); BblnllaTHTb To-n.. pacc'!H- .
TaTbCR 3a TO-ll. . Sorry, I can pay you off only allhe
end of the month. 0 1it3BMHMTe, HO R CMOry BblnJlaTHTb
saM TonblCO B KOHue MeCRU8. . YOII should pay off debts
immediale(v. 0 Bbi JlOll)l(Hbi paCnllaT\llTbCR C JlOnraMM
HeMeATIeHHO.
2 Iv n adv) pa3r. oneynMTbCR or 1C0ro-n.; nOJll(ynHTb
KorO-ll.; lIaTb 1C0My-n. B3Rney . We'li collecl money for
you 10 pay lire band off; and don '1 have anything 10 do
wilh Ihem any more. 0 Mbi c06epeM Te6e AeHbrM.
'1T06b1 OTKYnMTbCR OT 6aHAbI; M 60nbwe C HHMM He cmI-
3b1Ba£1c,
o paYe()ff
[11] B3RTKa . Is it possible to make a pay-off to your
boss? 0 MO)l(HO TBoeMY HaaJ1bHMk}' lIaTb B3Rney?
. 3 (v adv) ok}'na T bC1I CTopMue£1; OnpaBlIaTbCR, B03H8-
rp8*A8TbCR C n&1XB0£1 . DOII't be afraid of lakin
c:hallces, it'll payoff 0 He 60MCR pMCKOBaTb, 3TO 0kY-
""ITCR C I1MXBOJ:1.
o paYe()ff
[nJ OTlIa'l8, n0l1e3HblJ:1 pe3y11bTaT . Don 'I be afraid I
tak", chancc.{, YOII '// et a pay-offyou are nol waiting
JOr. 0 He 6o£1c pMCICOBaTb, M Tbi nonY'!MWb raKOM pe_
aYl1bTaT, 1C0TOpOro H He >K,D.eWb.

525
pick sb/sth off
(v n adv) OTCTpenHeaTb, nepeCTPenRTb lCoro-n./'iTo-n.
. Unfortunately. somebody has pic1td all the wolve.f off
before a shooting season. <> K CO>Ka1leHMlO, ICTO-TO OT-
CTpenRII scex eonlCoe AO OXOTHM'IberO ce30Ha.
pick on sb
(v pr) pa3r. npMCTaeaTb. nplllLlemlTbCR K lCoMy-n. . Maire
sure he (ioesn 't pic1r. on her allY longer. <> Y6elU'!Cb, 'ITO
OH OonbWe K HeM He npMCTaeT.
play (sb) off ("",reeTCR n]
1 (v adv) npoeecTM pewalOllIYIO cnOpTHBH}'1O BCTpe'lY.
3a1C111O'IHTellbHblM KOHKYPC H T.n. . Brazil and France
played off in the World Cup Final. <> 6pa3HnHR H
<l>paHW1R BCTpe'la11MCb B 4>HI1aJ1e KyOKa MHpa.
D plsy-o"
[n) pewalOl1.I8R, OTBeTCTBeHHaR eCTpe'la, napTHR
. Who do you Slip pose will meet Brazil in a final play-
oJJ? <> KaIC Tbi nonaraeWb, KTO BCTpeTHTCSI C 6pa3HnHeM
B 4>MHaJ1bHOM MaNe?
2 () pa3b1rpaTb, pa33a.QopHrb lCoro-n. (npoTH&
Koro-n.) ...:..8CTO C nocne,Q)'IOIWIM npel1ll0rOM sQSlnsti-.
. Speaking such things, she is just playing me off
agamst my girlfriend. 0 rOBOpR TalCOB, OHa npocTo xo-
'leT nocCOpMTb MeHR C MoeM AeBywICOM.
play on
(v adv) npOAOnJKaTb HrpaTb (& cnopTe, 8 MY3blKe, &
06blilHOH Hfpe) . She began 10 feel a pain in her hand _
but decIded to play on in .fpite of everything. <> OHa Ha-

526
'Iana 'lYBCTBOBaTb 60nb B pyKe, HO peWMna MrpaTb
AMbWe HecMOTpR HM Ha'iTO.
play on I upon 5th
(v pr) MrpaTb Ha 'IbMx-n. MHTepecax. npMHUMnax 101 T.n.;
MCnOnb30BaTb 'ITO-n. B CBOMX MHTepecax . I forbade
him to pIa)' on my weaknesses. 0 S! 3anpeTMna 8M'/
MrpaTb Ha MOMX cna6OCTRX.
pop (sth) off
1 (v adv) 6b1CTpo o,"paBnRT. y6eraTb, YJJ.aJ1SJTbC1
. She shollted at him and he popped off at once. 0 0Ha
npMKpMKH)'na Ha Hero, M OH cpaay YAMMnCH.
2 (v adv) pa3r. YMepeTb, BHe3anHO CKOH'faTbCR . I can "
forget how that man poped off bejOre my very eyes. 0 S1
He MOf)! 3a6b1Tb, KaK TOT 'fenOBeK BHe3anHO CKOH'IanCfI
Ha MOMX rna3aX.
3 (v adv, v n adv) crpenRTb, nanMTb (M3 'fero-n.)
. Children like to pop (their toy pistols) off aiming
(them) at people. 0 ,D,eTRM HpaBMTCI naflMTb 1013 (CBDIOC
Mrpywe'fHblX) nMCToneTOB. LlenRCb B nIOAeJII.
pull (5th) off (5th) [HMeeTCR n]
1 (v n adv. v n pr) CTRrMBaTb, CTaCKMBaTb, CHMMan.
'fTO-n. C CMnOJII (oTKYA3-n.). Please help me to pull my
glove.f off (my hands). 0 nO>Ka11yJIICTa, nOMorM MHe CTR-
Hyrb nep'faTKM C MOM)( PYK. ::;) pull on
2 (v adv, v pr) Cbexarb (c AoporM); 0TDE!3)lCaTb, OTXo-
AMTb (oTKYAa-n.) . The blls pulled off from the stalioll
(or: ... off lhe station) althe right lime. 0 ABT06yc 010-
wen OT CTaHUIiIM BOBpeMR.
III

527
3 (v n adv) pa3r. CnpaBIotfbal C '1eM-I1., ,I106 yc-
nexa B '1eM-I1. (TPY.QHOM) . You didn', believe I would
puU Ihis deal off. bul I have done il. 0 Bbi He BepwJ1ll1,
'!TO SI ,I106b1OCb ycnexa B 3TOM C,I1eJ1Ke, a S'I ,I1OC111r ero.
pull (sth) on (sth)
1 (v n ad\') O,l1eBaTb, HaTRrMBaTb'lTO-n. . Every time I
have to wail lor him 10 pull on hi.'f .mcb. 0 I<a>KJ:u,!M pa3
S'I BblHyJKAeH )l{JJ.aTb, nOKa OH HaTRHeT COOM HOCKM.
 pull off
2 (v pr) TSlHYTb, ,I1epraTb 38 '1To-n. . Take this handle
and pull on il. 0 B03bMIotCb 38 3TY pylCORTKY lot nOTRHIot
ee.
push (sb/sth) off (5th)
1 (v actv) ps3r. y6MpaTbCSI, OTBaJlMBaTb, 01'ianMBaTb
"'..aCTO B nOBeI1MTel1bHOM H3KI1OHeHHM co 3Ha'48HMeM rpyt5oro
06paU1ElHHIIJ;. . Mind you. if you don', push off you'll
have 10 pay. 0 Melii B BMJJ.Y, ecJllot Tbi He OTBa.I1MWb, Te6e
He n03,110pOBIotTCSI.
2 (v n ad\', v n pr) CnMXMBaTb, CTanlCMBaTb 1C0rO-II./ '1TO-II.
(OTKY.I18-II.) . Be careful. you can push the flowers off
(Ihe window). 0 6Y,I1b oCTopo)l(eH, TbI MO)l(eWb CTOIIIC-
Hyn, l.!BeTbi (c non,OICOHHIotKa).
push on
(v ad\') = push ahead/forward/on
put sb/sth off (sb/sth) [HMeeTCll n H inv]
1 () OT,I1ellbiBaTbCSI, oTMaxlotBafbal OT 1C0ro-n. . J
had to put him off wilh some excuse which crossed my &II.
mind. 0 MHe nplotWIIOCb M36aBMTbCSI OT Hero no,l1---,
lCaKIotM-TO npMwe,l1WMM MHe Ha YM npeA/lOrOM.

528
-
cput-otf
In) pS3r. OTrOBOplCa. ynOBKa . How could lfind any put-
off for refusing him? 0 KaK fI Morna HaHn1 OTrOBOPICy,
'4To6b1 OTKaaaTb eM'J?
2 hL.n...ad!l. v n pr) Bbl3b1BaTb '4be-n. OTBpaIJ.leHMe; OT-
TanlCMBaTb, OTBpalU3,Tb 1C0ro-n. OT 1C0ro-n./'4ero-n.; OT-
6MBaTb MHTepec, anneTMT IC '4eMy-n. . His surly manner
often puts me off (him). 0 Ero HenpMBeTnMBOCTb '4aCTO
Bbl3b1BaeT BO MHe HenpMSl3Hb (IC HeMY). . The .fmell
alone lias put her off (Ihat drink). 0 Y)I(e OAMH 3anax
Bbl3BaJ1 B HeH OTBpaU4eHMe (IC 3TOM'J HanMTKY).  be off,
turn off
- off-putting
[adj) OTTanKMBaIOUU1H. HenpMflTHbiM
3 (, v n pr) MewaTb ICOM'J-n. (AenaTb 'fTo-n.);
OTeneKaTb 1C0ro-n. (aT 'l6ro-n.) . Stop watching me. you
are putting me off (watching TV). 0 He CMOTpM Ha MeHfI.
Tbi MeHSI cMylU3,ewb (unu: ... Tbi He l1aeWb MHe
CMOTpeTb TeneBM30p).
- offput
[v] paCCTpaMBaTb (nnaHbI)
4 (v n adv) OTlU18AblBaTb, OTCPO'lMBaTb, nepeHocMTb
'ITo-n. (Ha n03,QH"'':; cpo,,) . There is no time today for
pulling the garage in order. lel:f put il off lill Sunday.
o Cerol1HSI HeT BpeMeHM HaBOl1MTb nOps:lAoK B rapaJKe,
JJ,aBaA OTnO)l(MM 3TO 110 BoclCpeceHbR . prov Never put
off till lomorrow whal .I'OU can do today. 0 nocno He
OTlCJ1a,o.blBaM H3 3aBTP3 TO, 'ITO MO)l(eWb CAenaTb
cerOAHSI. => carry over
cput-off
[n) OTKlla,o.blB3H"'e. OTcpo'lKa . TII,')' are seeking after a

/
529
pllt-off for Iheir deal. 0 OH" 1106"BaIOTCS! OTCp<)'IlC" Wls!
CBOeM CAeIlICM.
5 (v n adv) BbilUllO'ICITb, raCMTb "TO-II. . Don 'I forget to
pilI off the radio. 0 He 3a6YAb BbilUllO'I"Tb patJ.Mo.
 switch off, 111m off
6 Iv adv n ) MaOaBJ1S!TbCS! OT ..erO-II., OT'OpaCblBaTb
'frO-II. (COMHeHHA, 3a60TbI): oce060AMTbCSI OT ..erO-II.
(6peMeHH, 6ecllOKoHCTsa). After gelling a dillOrr:e he
Ihought that he would pllt off his responsibility for the
upbringing of daughlers. 0 nocne nol1y'leH"S! pa3BOM
OH C'Im-aTI, "TO OCBOOO.o.Ml1Ci1 OT OTBeTCTBeHHOCT" 3a
BOCn"T8H"e .o.O'IepeM. = lilY IlSW
7 () pay. YCblnMTb, norpy3MTb 1C0rO-II. 8 COH
803MOJltHO C nocneA\IIOO4IIM nP8A/IOrOM to);> . Usually the
full dinner puts me off to sleep. 0 06b1'1HO nacre CblT-
Horo 06eM Metts! TSlHeT ICO CHy.  drop off, go off
put sb/sth on (5th) [HAfeeTCR n]
1 (v n adv, v n pr) nOCT8B"Tb. n0I10*MTb, BO.o.pTb
'fT0-11. (Ha "TO-II.) . Sonny. pili the kettle on (the gas
stove). 0 CblHOK. nOCTaBb ..aMH"1C Ha MMT)'.
2 (v n adv) o.o.eBaTb, Hal1eBaTb "TO-II. (aaeJj(4y. 06YBb)
. Put this shin on, il'll fil you exactly. 0 O.o.eHb 3T)' Py-
OaWKY, OHa TeOe no.o.OH,o,eT TO'IHO no pa3MePY. = gd
into, take off
3 (v n adv) BIUlIO'IMTb. 3a)I(e..b 'frO-II. (CBeT, ra3, naMny
H T.n.) . Don't put the lighlOIl. we can be seen throught
the window. 0 He 3a)I(Mr8M CBeT, Hac MOryT YBM.o.eTb
'1epe3 OKHO.  switch on
4 (v n adv) HaOpaTb, np\IIOaBMTb KaKoe-lI. KOII.....ecTBO B III
Bece; nOTOIICTeTb, nonpaB"TbCSI Ha CKOJ1bKO-J1. . You
18 B. f. CTOIIRp

530
'-
look much bener; it seems to me you have pill 011 some
weight. () Bbi 8b1rnA,Q,l4Te ropa3Ao we; MHB lC8JKeTCH,
8b1 HeMHoro nonpaeKllMCb.  IllU off
5 (v n adv, v n pr) nOBblCMTb CTOMMOCTb ..ero-l1. H8
ClConblto-n.; AOOaBMTb 'fT0-11. IC cytUeCT8YlOuteMY cap-
&MCY. Starting from this month the administrotion PUf
fen per cent INI fhe cost of living here. () Ha..MHSSI C
3Toro MecflLUI, aAMMHMCTJJ8I.4I'IA yBetI.....M1I3 CTOM...OCTb
npoXMBaHMA 3,QeCb H8 10 npou.eHT08. . They pili 2
extra bus on (this line). () OHM nOCTaBMIM AOnOnHMTenb-
HO 2 8BT015yca (H3 3TOT ...apwpyr). ::::) IllU off
6 (!L..ad!LD) fJ83r. M30l5paxaTb, pa3b1rpb1B3Tb 'fTo-n.;
CTpOKTb .,3 cel5A KorO-I1./'fTO-I1.; HanyCl<8Tb Ha ceI5A
'fTO-I1. . She pllt INI dissatisfaction at having to pay off
debts immediately. () OHa .,3()(\pa3MM HeA08Ol1bCT80
Te..., 'fTO AOI1)I(H8 pacnnaTMTbCA C AOnr8M., HeMe.o,-
neHHO.
7 () ArnE pa3b1rpblB3Tb Koro-n.; OI5M8HblBaTb,
npa3HKTb 1C0rO-I1. o('l8CTO Continuous> . Take it easy. he
is just putting you Oil. () He npMHMM3A I5nM3Ko K cePAU.Y,
OH npoCTO Te6sI p83b1rpblB3eT.
D put-on
[0] mynas! wynca, P03b1rpblW. Take it easy. if was just
a put-on. 0 He 6ecOOK<>MCH, 3TO &Cero I1MWb p03bIrpblW.
8 (v n adv) YCyPaMBaTb, opr8HM30BblBaTb "To-n. (noKB3,
BblCTBS«y H T.n.), CTa8MTb "To-n. (H8 cueHe) . What a
wild spectacle this pop-group has pllt on! () 'iTO 38 AH-
Koe 3penMLUe 3Ta non-rpynna yCTJ)OM/I8!
· put a/the brake on (5th)
(v 0 adv, v n pr) pur. CnycK8Tb ("To-n.) H3 TOpM03aX.
38TopM03Hrb. YMeHbWMTb, ocnaOKTb (H8)I(IIIM, yCMnMe,

531
3aTpaTbi 101 T.n.) ./1 slime 10 estimate our expenses and
pllllhe brde 011 (them). 0 nopa OUBHMTb HaWM pacxo-
AbI M cnyCTMTb MX Ha TOpM03aX.
· put It on
()pa3f'. npeysenH'IHBaTb'fTO-n. . Myfatheroften
tries to pilI il 011 aboul his successes. 0 MOM OTeU'IaCTO
CTapa8Ta1 npeyeenH'IMTb CBOH ycnexH. . prall PIlt it 011
Ihick, and a lillie will slick. 0 nocno EipaHb Ha BOPOT)' He
BMCHeT.
put sb on to sb/sth (v n adv pr) = put sb onto
sb/sth (v n pr)
1 OpraHM30BaTb BCTp8'fY 1C0ro-n. C KeM-n.; CBSl33Tb, co-
8AMHMTb KorO-I1. C 1C8M-I1. (8 T. Ii. no rene4>oHY) . / wa.
very gratefUl 10 Ihe secretary for puttbtg me 011 to her
boss. 0 SI (ibll1 0'I8Hb npt.l3H8T811eH CeKpeTapwe 3a TO,
'fT0 OHa opraHM30sana BCTPe'!Y c ee HabHHICOM.
 get 011 to
2 ABBaTb MH$oPMaUl'lIO 0 'IeM-I1. . /'11 never forgel thaI
you put my wife Oil 10 a very good clinic, she is well
now. 0 HMKOrAB He 3aOyAY, 'ITO Bbi nOKa38l1M MoeH )l(eHe
O'feHb XopoWYIO ICJ1MHIIIKY; OHa ceHC 3J}.oPOBa.  gel
01110
read sth off
(v n adv) npQ'lMTblBaTb, BbI'IHTblBaTb 'ITO-n. nOI1HOCTblO
MnH BCnyx . / aslred her to read thaI parI of SlOry off.
o SI nonpocliin ee npO'iMTaTb MHe BCIO 3ry 'fCICTb pac-
Cl<a3a Bcnyx.  relld out
read on
..
(vadv) npoAOI1JKaTb 'iHTaTb ABI1ee <..aCTO 8 nOeenHTenb-
18-

532
.
HOM HaItllOH8t1HM," . Don 't 'Ild 011 if you are nervous.
() He "MTaM ,o,anbWe, ecl1M TbI cnaOoHepsHblM.
rely on/upon sb/sth (v pr)
1 nOl1araTbCR, Ha,D,esJTbCA Ha 1C0ro-I1./'fT0-11.; ,o,08epsm,
1C0MY-I1./..eMY-I1. (c;Qenan. '/TO-n.) <'I8CTO MCnOnb3)'eTCR
c can MJ1M could; B03MO)I(K8 1C000CTPYKIU4fI rely on/upon sb/stt!
to do/doing sth -nonaraTbCR H8 TO. 'lTO KTO-n./'fTo-n. c,Q8naeT
'lTo-n.-» . Rely on your own taste. () nonarai'lcA Ha cemi
co6cT8eHHblM BKYC. . You can rely llpoll your children
writing letters to you (or: ... children to write letters to
you). () Tbi MOJICeWb paCC'fMTblBaTb Ha TO. ..TO T80M neTM
OYAYT nlotCaTb TeOe nMCbMa. = collnt on/upon, upend
on/llpon
2 3aBMCeTb OT 'fero-l1. . The time of our departure will
rely on the weather. () BpeMA Hawero OTbB3Aa OyneT
3a8MceTb OT norOllbl. = dpend oil/upon
ring off
(v adv) 3aKOH"MTb r080pMTb no Tel1e4>()Hy; nOBecMTb
Tpy6KY (npepsas P83fOBOp) . Sorry. to ring off now,
.fornebody is knocking on the door. () \I138MHM. 'fTO 8e-
W810 TpyOKY. KTO- TO Cl)"tHT 8 Asepb.
roll (sth) off (sth)
1 (v n adv) pa3MHOJICMTb KaICOi'l-I1. ,o,oKYMeHT, CHATb
1C0nHIO C ..ero-l1. (c nOMOUlblO poT8TOP8. KcepoKca M
T.n.) . Please. rol/ the third page off in two copies.
() nOJKa11YMcTa. CHHMMTe 1JiJB 1C0nMM C TpeTbeM CTpa-
HMUbI.
2 (vadv, v pr) CKaTMTbCR. ynacTb, BbinaCTb (M3 ..ero-I1.)
. Be CQ"f/lI, your to)" machine call rol/ off (the lable).

533
o 6YAb OCTOpo)l(eH, TBOA Mrpywe'tH MaWMHa MOJICeT
CKaTM'TbC1l (co crona).
roll on (v adv)
1 npol1OnJKaTb exaTb. KaTMTbCSI, npoMCXOAHTb (0 Ma-
WHHe, 0 npouecce H T.n.) . When I wo/ce up I could see
the film rolling on on TV. 0 KOrAa R nP<>CHYn, A
Y8MAel1, TO c!>Ml1bM npoAomlCaJI MATM no Tel1eBM30py .
Time rolled on and he became laller and heavier. 0 Bpe-
MSI wno. M OH CTaHOBM11 Bblwe M TAJlCenee.
2 pay. CICOpee (jbl! Hacryn8H, npKXOAH! .(8 noe9J1HTeJlb-
HOU H3K11OHeHM..' . She lilces 10 say "RoU on a holiday".
o OHa 11106MT rOBOPMTb ..CICOpee 6blKaHMKYI1b1!-
round sth off (v n adv)
1 3cllcpyrJ1RTb, 3arnaJKMBaTb "To-n. . If you don 'I round
off Ihe sharp edges, /'II CUI myself. 0 ECIIM TbI He 3a-
I<pyrnMWb ocrpble JCP8R, R nopeJKYCb.
2 3aBepwaTb. 3aKaH'lMBaTb 'fTO-n. ycneWHO, C YAOBne-
TBOpMTenbHblM peayl1bT8TOM <{..acTO C nocn9AM
nJ)eAIIOI"OM M91t!; . The besl way to round off your edu-
calion wilh success is 10 go abroad. 0 llyoIWMH cnooo6
3asepwMTb ycnewHo Bawe oopaao8aHMe - exaTb 3a
rpa HM l4Y.
round on/upon sb
(v pr) Ha(jpacblBaTbCSl, OOpyWMBaTbCSl, Hana.AaTb Ha
ICoro-n. (c ICpHTHICOH. C KynalCBItfH H T.n. ). .. Where have
you been?" she rounded on me wilh an irale voice.
o ..rAe TbI (jbln?- - Ha6pocMnacb OHa Ha MeHR C II'a
rHe8HblM rOI10C0M. ....

534
rule (sth) off
(vadv, v n adv) OTAell...Tb ("TO-II.) ..epToA ('I8CTb TeKCT8,
cnoso H T.n.) . Each example should be Tuled off.
o K8*llblM np"'Mep AOl1)l(eH 6b1Tb nOA..epkHYT.
run (sb/sth) off (sth)
1 (v adv. v n adv. v pr, v n pr) y6eraTb. c6eraTb (OTecy-
Aa-II.); BblrOHRTb, YAallRTb 1C0rO-II. (OTJCyAa-II.) . Sorry,
J must run off (here) just nOK-: 0 3B"'H"'Te, MHe HaAO
y6eraTb (OTCIOAa). ., wish you would run him off (your
house). 0 >Ka11b. "TO TbI He nporH31la ero ("'3 CBOero
.nOMa).
2 (v n adv) 1C0n"'poBaTb, T"'p8)l(MpoBaTb '1TO-II. . Is it
possible to run two copies off for sending home?
o MO)l(HO CHRTb ABe ICon"'.... "T06b1 nOCl18Tb I'IX AOMOH?
3 (v adv) BblTell:8Tb K3 cOCYAa, 1C0HTeHHepa M r.n. (0
)I(KOCTH. rS3e H T.n.) . When you will see the water
,"nnillg oJ/. switch the engine off. 0 KorAa TbI YBMlJ,I1Wb,
"TO BOAa BblTeIC8eT. BbllClllO'i8H MOTOp.
run on (sth)
1 (vadv) npoTelC8Tb MOHOTOHHO, TI'IHyTbCR AOllro, npo-
1l0ll)l(aTbCR (0 t5ecep,e, BCTpe'le, COt5b1THH H T.n.)
. How is life? - It is rUllning on the same way. 0 KaIC
)l(M3Hb? - )K"'3Hb npoTelCaeT 11:81< 06b1'1HO.
2 (v pr) CBOAMTbCfI IC '1eMY-II.. COCpellOTO'I...BaTbCR H3
..eM-II. (H8 KBKOM-n. reMe. IofblCJ1H, ee H T.n.) . The
main argument of his paper "'" on the upbringing of
children. 0 rnaBHaR TeMa ero pa60TbI nOCBRCb
BocnMTaHHIO AeTeM.
DJ

535
score off sb
(v pr) pliJ3r. ocaoJ4Tb Koro-n., C6MTb lCoro-n. C TOnlCY,
nocT8BMTb KOro-n. Ha MecTO (KonKHM 3BMeCfaHHeM,
pennHKOH H r.n.) . How could I score off my sister, if
she was older than me? 0 KaK JlCe A Mor nOCTSBMTb CBOIO
cecTpy Ha MecTO, eCIIM OHS CTapwe MeHA?
see sb off (sth)
1 () npoBOJlCaTb lCoro-n. (rnaBHblM 06pa30M H8
.wj,q CT8HUHIO H 83POf10pT) . Don't worry, we'll see you
off even for the night flight. 0 He 6ecnoKOKreCb, Mbi
npoBOJ1MM BaC D,a)l(e H8 HO'IHOA peAc.
2 (!l..IJ.JK.hl, v n pr) nporOHRTb, BbinpoBaJlCMBaTb Koro-n.
(OTKyAS-n.) . There was enough only one her wom to
:see him off (our company). 0 6b1no AOCTSTO'IHO O.,lUioro
ee CIIOBa, 'fTO(\bI nporHaTb ero (1013 HaweA ICOMnaHMM).
sell sth off
(v n adv) (_lCR nJ ycTpaMBaTb pacnpo,Q,8)l(y (06b1'1HO
no tJonee HH3KOit lJeHe) . We have to sell off this area
part by part for commercial purposes. 0 Mbi BblHy)I(,Q,eHbI
pacnpOASTb 3TY TeppMTopMIO 'faCTAMM B 1C0MMep-
'fecKMX ue11AX.
a II8II-otf
(n] pacnpoA8J1C8 (no CHH)/(BHHblM lJBH8M) . We are
planning a seU-off of this area parr by part. 0 Mbi nns-
HMpyeM pacnpo,Q,8)l(y 3TOM TeppMTOp"M 'fSCTRMM.
send (sb) off (HMeeTCIl n]
1 (v adv) 38Ka3b1BSTb, nOAJlMCblBaTbCfI, BblnMCblBaTb II
('I7O-n.) no no'lTe <{o(jbl'tHO C 11OC1IeA}'IOU4M'" npeA/lOrOM

536
III
for». / am going to send off for the set of my fallOurite
records. 0 51 C06MpalOCb BblnMcaTb no nO"lTe KOMnneKT
CBOMX 11I015MMblX 3Bneill.
2 (v n adv) ompaBnRTb, OTCblI18Tb 1C0rO-fl. "'o6t.NHo C
nocIIe,QyIOWMM npeWlOrOM loi>- . Each time the leacher
sends me off 10 his cabinel 10 fetch something. 0 KroK-
Ablill pa3 Y"'MTenb nOCbll18eT MeHA B CBO KaI5MHeT 'fTO-
HM(5y.I1b npMHeCTM.
3 (v n adv) npoBO>KaTb KorO-fl., YCTpaMBaTb 'IbM-fl.
npoBOAbI . / can't come now, we are sending my father
off on a business trip. 0 51 He MOry np.1i11TM ce'1ac, Mbi
npoeo>KaeM nany B 1C0MaHAMPOB!cy.
o send-off
[n] npoBOAbi . We intended to give him the besl send-
off. 0 Mbi COI5HpaI1l1Cb ycTpoHTb eMY npoBOAbI no BblC-
weMY K11acey.
send 8th on
(v n adv) ompaBHTb, OTOCJ1aTb 1C0ro-n./'iTO-n. 3Bl5naro-
BpeMeHHO (rpynny mo,aeif, I5araJIC, f1O<Iry H T.n.) . We
should send your team on 10 prepare place for coach-
ings. 0 Mbi AOn)l(Hbi nOCl18Tb BaWY KOMaHAY BnepeD.,
'fTOObi npMrOTOBMTb MacTO .Q1ISI TpeHHPOBOK.
set (8th) off [HMeeTCfl inv]
1 (v adv) Ha'lHHaTb nyrewecTBHe, ompaB1lATbCA B
AOpory "'803MO_OC npe.Ql1OraMM for. (0» . We decided 10
set off on a walking excursion at ten 0 'clock. 0 Mbi
peWI1"M ompaBMTbCA Ha newylO 3KCK'ypcMlO B AecATb
"IaCOB.
- offset
[n]Ha"lanO,QTnpaBneHl1e,CTapT
"'-

537
I
2 () CTHMYl1HpoBaTb, nOClIy)KHTb H8'iaJIOM 'fe-
rO-l1., Bbl3b1B8Tb'iTO-11. . The lack of money for salary
set off the miners' strike. <> OrcyrcrBHe eHer Ha 3ap-
nJlaT)' n0CJ1yJIC1II110 TOl1'iKOM DJ1R 336aCTOBICIil waxrepoB.
3 (v n aclv) 83pblBaTb 'fTO-l1. . Be careful with this ex-
plosive, you can accidentv set it off. <> 6Yb OCTOpoJKBH
C 3TIIIM B3pblB'iaTbiM BelltecTBoM, Tbi MOJKeWb CJ1y'taM-
HO B30pBaTb ero.
4 () Bbl3b1BaTb 'ieM-l1. CMex, THpa,o,y H T.n.; -33-
BeCTlil 1C0rO-11." "':B03MO*HO C nocneAyaoM npe,anorOM
on, . Is it so easy to set her off on this subject? <> He-
y)Kel1H TaK l1erKO 33BeCTH ee Ha 3T)' TeMy? . This jok£
set us off roaring with laughter. <> 3Ta wynea Bbl3sana y
Hac XOXOT BO Bce ropllo.
S (v n aclv) nO'iePKIllBaTb. YCHI1HBaTb, OTTBHRTb "IT0-11.
(c B&lrQAHoii CTOpoH&I) . This wonderfUl smile set off
her heavenly beauty. <> 3Ta yIIIBHTeJ1bHaR YJ1b1riKa 00.11-
'ieplCHeana ee riOJKeCTBeHttylO lCpaco"T)'.
set (sb/sth) on 5th (JfMeeTal inv]
(v pr, v n pr) Han8J].8Tb Ha 1C0rO-I1., aTaICOB8Tb 1C0rO-11.;
npOBOtU1poBaTb, nocrpeKaTb 1C0rO-I1. Ha 8TaICY, Hana-
eHHe H Ilf). .I1eMcTBHR . I am not to blame. my neigh-
bour set me 0" this affair. <> s:I He BIilHOBaT, 3TO MoA
coce no611111 MeHR H8 3TO el1o. . I heard her set on
that hooligan and make him rr!gret his gehavior. <> s:I
CJ1b1W8n. 'fTO OHa Haripocllll1aCb Ha Toro XYl1111raHa III
3aCTaBHl1a ero nOJKaneTb 0 CBoeM nOBeeHIIIIII.
- onset
[nJ HaTIIICK. aTalCa, Han8J1eHHe; Ha'iaJIO _

538
· set sth on fire
(v n pr) noAJl(e'lb 'ITo-no, YCTpoMTb nQ)lCap rAe-no . Why
are you playing with matches. you can set the room 011
fire? 0 3a'IeM TbI Mrpaewb co Ct1M'1KaMM, TbI MOJKeUAo
YCTpoMTb no)KCIP B 1C0MttaTe?
shake sb/sth off (sth)
1 (v n adv, v n pr) CTPfIXMBaTb, COpacblBaTb 1C0ro-n-f
'ITO-n. (onyAa-n.) . When he wentfrom the river on rhe
beach he had to shake two leeches off (his leg). 0 Koma
OH Bblwen M3 pelCM Ha Oeper, eMY npMwnOCb
CTBaTb (c HOrM) ABe nMSlBICM.
2 (v n adv) M30aenRTbai OT npec1le.l10BaTenat!, OT
nOnyNMKa, OT HenpMRTHOCTeA; BblJ1B'IMTbaI OT Oo/le3-
HM . Hope you'll shake the inf/ueflZ(l off soon. 0 H8,/le-
1Oeb. TbI ClCopo M36aBMWbal OT rpHnna.
show (sb) off [HMeeTCfl n]
1 (v adv) pa3/". BbiCTaBI1ATbCSI, pMCOBarbCR, BbineHAPH-
BaTbCR . As usual. he is showing off in front of his wife.
o KaK oObI'IHO, OH pMcyeTCR nePBA CBoat! *eHoM.
c show-off
(n) PMCOBKa. no3epcTBO; nooep . When he is speaking
so, it s only a show-off. 0 KorAli OH TalC rOBOP'fT, 3TO
TonblCO r103epcT80.
2 (v n adv) BbICTa8J1RTb. npe,D,CTaBmlTb, M306P8'K8Tb
'ITO-n. B (jonee BbirOAHOM CBaTe; nOA'IapKMBaTb.
OTTBHRTb 'ITO-n. . You should know that your words
don't show your culture off at all. 0 Tbi AOlIJI(eH 3HaTb,
'ITO TBOM cnOBa COBeeM He CBM,D,eTenbCTBylOT 0 TBoaH
tcynbTYpe.
..

539
3 (v 0 adv) XBaI1MTb lCoro-n./'iTo-n.; .u.eMOHCTpMposaTb
'ITO-n. . He used to show off all he knew, but now he be-
came Tf!Slrained. 0 OH paHbUJe .o,eMOHCTpMpoBal1 Bee
CBOM 3HaHMA. HO CeM'ICIC OH CTa11 CAepJKaHHblM.
sit on/upon sb/sth (v pr)
1 CH.u.eTb liB lCoM-n'/'IeM-n. (06 Qllee) . Tell her. that
Ihis .fkirt sils very well on her. 0 CKaJKM eM, 'ITO 3T8 1061(3
CM.D.I'IT liB HeR npelCJ)aCHO.
2 pa3T. He ,o,asaTb XOIJ.Y 'IeMy-n., He OTBe'laTb Ha 'ITO-n.,
.u.epJKaTb'lTO-n. no.o, CTelCl10M (JIC8.I106y, npe.tVlOJKeHHB,
nMCbMO H T.n.) . This administrator likes to sit on our
lellers of complaints hoping we forget them. 0 3ToT 8,D,-
MMHHCTp.ITOP nlOm AepJKaTb HaWH nHCbM8-JKaI106b1
nolJ. CTelCl1OM, HaJJ.BSICb, 'ITa npo HI'IX 386Yf!¥T.
3 paY. ocaJKHsaTb, oAepntsaTb, npMCTpyHHTb lCoro-n.
. II seems 10 me she has sat successfully on that imper-
tinenl. 0 MHe KaJKBTCA, 'ITO OHa y,o,a'lHO ocaQ,Hna Toro
HameLla.
slip (sth) off
1 (v adv) YClCOnb3HYTb, y.o.paTb He3aMeTHO . I asked him
to be nearby bul anyway he slipped off. 0 SI npOCHna ero
6b1Tb PRD.OM, a OH Bee paBHO YClCOnb3Hyn.
2 (v n adv) 6b1CTpo CC5POCHTb C ceOR OIJ.e'JKJJ.Y <OObl'lHO
Simple Tenses . It was very hot so having come home
he slipped his shirt and T-shirt off. 0 6b1no O'leHb JKaplCO,
003TOM)', npHIJ.A .u.OMOM, OH CICHttyJ1 C ce6A pyOawKY M
 I
slip sth on l1li
(v n adv) 6b1cTpO Ha,o.eTb Ha ce6s1 KaKyIO-n. o.u.e'JKJJ.Y

540
«OCbI'IHO SImple Tenses). . When somebody knocked on
the door he slipped the shirt 0" and aslced .. Who is
then!?" 0 Kor,o,a ICTO-TO nocty'ta/1 B D.BePb, OH OblCTpO
H8TS1H}'n py6axy M cnPOCMJI: -KTO TaM?-
stand (sb) off (HM6eTal adj]
1 (v n adv) OTCTpaHATb lCoro-n., AepJKaTb Koro-n. HS
paCCTOSlHMM. He FIOAf1YCIC8Tb lCoro-n. IC ceOe. They try
to sland off a tax inspector. 0 OHM CTSpalOTCSI AepJKaTb-
CSI no.Aa11bWe OT HanOrOBoro MHcnelCTOpa.
2 (v adv) AepJKaT"bC1f B CTopoHe. HS paCCTOSIHMM (OT
lCoro-n./'lfJro-n.), ObITb HenpMBeTnMBblM, HenpMCT'fll-
HblM «II03MOJ1tHO C I1OCIIe,IIyIOIU npeAllO/"OM from). . I
couldn't bear her stiUfdUtg offfrom all our amusements.
o  He Morna CttecTM ee HenpMRTM8 BCeX HawMX pa3-
B118'18HMi..
o mnd-offl.h
[Sdj) BblCOKOMepHblA. HenpMB8TnMBbliA, 3aMICH)'TbIi'i,
Heot)U4MTenbHbli'i . She was stantl-offlSh with us. 0 OHa
ObU1S HenpMBeTnMBa C HaMM.
\ stay off (sth)
1 (vadv, v pr) 0CTaBaT"bC1f AOMa; He XO,D,MTb B WICOny, Ha
paOOTy (no P83HblM npH'IHH8M); llepJKaTbCSI B CTopoHe
(OT '1ero-n.) . Why did you stay off (school) yesterday?
o nO'feMy TbI He nj)MXO,D,Mn ENepa B WICOny?
2 (v pr) OTIC83b1BaT"bC1f OT 'fero-n. (nHU4H, P83BJJeYeHM.
nf)H8bNe1C H T.n.) «'18CTO Simple Tenses1> . To prevent
yourself from getting diabetes you should slay off sweet
food. 0 T06bl npe,aynpe,lUllTb AM86eT, Te6e c1IeAyeT
M3t>erSTb C1\3AKOM nMU4M.
III

541
stay on (8th)
1 (v adv) ropeTb, OCTaBaTbCS! 3aJIOKeHHblM <(o6t.Ntto
Simple Tenses). .1 am easy in my mind if the light SUIyS
on all the night in the hall. 0 s:I 'fYBCTBYIO ce(iR coo-
lCoMHo, ecnM caeT OCTaeTCR BlClllO'CeHHblM B npMXOJKeM
BeIO HO'tb.
2 (v 8dv) OCT8BaTbCJI (eUle H8 K8ICoe-n. SpeMR):
npol10roKaTb ()"/UTbCfI. PS60TBfb H T.n.) . We wen'
made to stay on at schoo/till four 0 'clock. 0 Hac npo-
.aep*81IM B W1C01l8l10 'feTbipex -.acOB. =- stop 011
3 (v pr) npol1omKaTb npMHMMaTb KalCoe-n. 118KapcT1l0,
KaICOM-n. JCypc n8'IeHMJI . Only due to sttryinB 011 this ef-
fective medicine she became well. 0 TonbICo t5naroAaPH
TOMy, 'lTO OHa npol1OIDlC8J18 npMHMMaTb 3m 34$eICTMB-
Hoe nelC8pcTBO, 0Ha crana 3,QOPOSOM.
stick on (8th)
1 (v adv) PB3r. OCTa88TbCS1, 38CTpeBaTb (118 Q,Q.HOM
MeCr6 pa60Tbl. )"/8&1 H T.n. ) <(II03MOJKHO C nocne.4YlO'"
npeA/lOrOM at). .1 doubt whether he will stick 011 at this
firm for long. 0 BpsI,D, nM OH 3aCTpflHeT Ha aTOM 4IMPMe
Hallonro.
2 (v pr) (38)coMHeeaTbCSI no Q.I(OMY-n. noBOAY, 38l4I'I1(-
nMrbCSI Ha KaKotI-n. npol5neMe <(06.....HO Continuous).
. They an' Sliding 011 the way of passing away the
time. 0 OHM 38COMHeeanMCb nO noBOl1Y Toro, KaK opo-
BeCTM BpeMR.
stop off
(v adv) C,AeJ18Tb OCTaHOBJCy B nym; npepBaTb noe3JUtY III
(HS epeMSl) . Is ;t possible 10 stop off hen' for an hour

542
lID
10 have a resl? 0 ECTb B03MO)l(HOCTb OCTaHOBMTbaI
3,tleCb Ha 'lac, '1Tofibi OT,tlOXHyTb?
stop on
Iv adv) OCT8BaTbCR Ha pa60Te, B WKOl1e M T.n. (Ha
KaI(OO-I1. speMfl) . We '/I stop 0" at school today for
.ome time. 0 Mbi CerO,tlHR 3aD.ep)l(HMCR B WKOl1e Ha
KalCoe-TO BpeMR.  SillY 0"
switch (5th) off
1 Iv n adv) BblK11IO'IaTb '1TO-I1. (CBeT, ra3, npH60pbl H
T.n.) . Did you switch off the lighl when going out? 0 Tbi
BblK11IO'1MJ1 CBeT, Kor.aa YXOD,lotJ1?
2 Iv adv) paM. 0TK111O'18TbCR, nepeK11lO'1aTbaI, nepe-
KI1IO'IaTb CBoe BHMM8H\IIe, MeHRTb TeMY pa3rOBopa
«B03MOJKHO c nOCJlBJI,Y'OUU'M npe.Ql1()l"OM to}> . When she
usua/v starts speaking Itr)' 10 switch off maybe to lis-
tening to the radio or so. 0 Kor.aa OHa 06b1'1HO Ha'lMHaeT
rOBop\llTb, R CTSpalOCb nepeK11IO'I\IITbCR, MO)l(eT fiblTb,
H8 paJJ.M0 \11I1M elMe '1TO-HMI5Y,tlb.
switch sth on
(v n adv) BK11IO'ISTb'lTO-I1. IcseT, ra3, npH60pbl H T.n.)
. Lei s switch 0" Ihe television. there is a very interest-
ing film on. 0 .QaBaM 8K11IO'1MM Te11eB\II30p, TaM MAeT
O'leHb MHTepecHbiM $MJ1bM.
take (5b/sth) off (sth) [HMeeTCIl n]
1 Iv n adv, v n pr) CHMMaTb. yl5\11paTb, OT,tll'tpaTb, OT,tle-
I1RTb '1TO-I1. Ic KaICOrO-I1. MeeTS) . Tale this pan off (Ihe
stove). 0 CH\IIMM 3T)1 KaCTplOl11O Ic nl1\11TbI).  be off,
come off

543
2 (v n adv) CHI4M8n. 'fTO-n. 143 0D,8)I(,QbI 141114 nbR
. TaU off your shoes and put the slippers on. 0 CHI4MI4
CBOM OOTMHICM M 0D,9Hb TaI1O'fICM.  pili Oil. get off
3 ( OTBeCTM, npoeoD,KTb, conpoBOAKTb ICOro-n.
(8I(sxoe-n. MeCTO) <i(1I03MO*HO C npe.o.nol'OM (0)0 . Please
taU the guests off to the dinner 1'00m. 0 no.anyMcTa,
npoB9D.MTe rocTeA 8 oOe.o,eHttyIO 1C0MHa1Y.  ClIllle off
4 (v n adv, v n pr) 380Mpan. Koro-n. loncylla-n.), Cf18-
can. 1C0ro-n. (c TepnAutero 6eACTBlile cyD,H8, 143 onac-
Horo M9CTa III T.n.) . All the passengers wen! quickly
tden off (the bus) befon! the group ofsappers arri\led.
o Bee nal4pb1 ObinM OblCTpo BblB9A9HbI (143 88-
TOOyca) npe)I(,Q.8, 'feM nplllObina OP\4ra,Aa canepoB.
::» bring off
5 (, v n pr) CHMM8Tb. 1IIC1Ul1O'fan., 386Hpan. ICO-
ro-n. (c !(BlCaM-n. ,Q9RTBnbHOCTlll, npe.Ql1pMRTMA 14 T.n.)
. I want to I/IU you off (this school). 0 SI XO'fy 386pan.
TeOA (143 3TOA WICOl1b1). =- ClIllle off, pili on
8 (v n adv, v n pr) XVD,en., eOaBmlTb nlllwHHA B9C (e
1C0ro-n.) . You must tde a bit of surplus weight off
(yourself). 0 Tbi D,Ol1)I(eH c6pocl4n. HeMHorO nlilWHero
8ees (c ceOA).  pili on
7 (!l..n..WJJl) D,enan. !(BKoA-n. nepePbl8. Opan. 8bIXOAHOA
8 paOoT9 . TaU two days off and have a good rest.
o B03bMlII 8b1XO,D,HoA Ha .o.sa D,HR III XOPOWO OTD,OXHH.
8 (v adv) B311eTan., Olpbl88TbCR OT 3eMnl4 (0 neTS-
renbHOM annapare) .Ililce to walCh how the plane is
tJUing off. 0 MHe Hpa8MTCR HaOnIOlIaTb, I(8IC 83I1eTaeT
caM0119T. ::» pilI 40M1 _
o tslce-off
(nJ 83J1eT. crapT, OlpblB OT 3eMnM . The length of taU-

544
III
off should be increased. 0 ,[lnMHa pa36era nepeA B31Ie-
TOM A01\)I(Ha tiblTb yaenM'IeHa.
9 (v n adv) pa3r. MMMTMpoBaTb 1C0ro-n., nO.apaJlCaTb
KOMy-n. . He lalces off his falher exactly. 0 OH B TO'I-
HOCTM MMMTMpyeT CBoero OTL.
o tskfWltf
(nJ no.o.puaHHe, MMMTaU"'A, KapH'unypa . He does an
exacllDk-off of his falher. 0 OM B TO'IHOCTM MMHT...pyeT
cBoero OTL.
· take one's eyes off sb/sth
(v n pr) OTBOAHTb B3fnRJl, rna3a OT Koro-n./'fero-n.
o(06b1'1HO B OTpMTenbHOM npeA/lOxeHHM c can). .11 is im-
possible 10 ,ake you, eyes off such a wonderfUl picture.
o HeB03MOJICHO OTBeCT'" B3fnRJl OT TaICOiil y'O'...B...TenbHoA
KapTMHbI.
· take years off sb
(v n pr) MOnO.D,MTb 1C0ro-n.; CHMMaTb, ctipaCblBaTb ro.D,bl
C Koro-n. . This hat and your smile under il lakes telf
yetus off )'ou. 0 3Ta WIlAna M ynbl6Ka 110.0. Heiil .o.enalOT
TetiA M0110JlCe H8 .o.ecATb neT.
take (sb/sth) on
1 (v n 8dv) 3aXBan4Tb, B3RTbC cotioiil Koro-n./'1TO-n. (HS
60pr Kopa6nfl, C8MoneTS) . Rules don 'I permillo ttde
on more Ihan two children wilh you. 0 npae...na....... pa3-
peweHo 6paTb He tionee.o.ayx .o.eTeiil C cotioiil.
2 (v n adv) tipaTb Ha cetiA '1To-n. (pa6cn"y. Harpy3ICy.
OTSeTCTBeHHOCTb H T. n. ) . There is no point taking .'fllch
hard work on for such a short lime. 0 6ecnone3Ho
(5paTb Ha ce(5R TaKYIO TAJlCenylO pa(5ory Ha T81C0e ICO-
poTlCoe BpeMA.

-"
545
3 (v :1 adv) HaHHMaTb 1C0rO-II. (ps60THMKoM): 6paTb
lCorO-II. (8 HMICH) . My son likes to draw and I asked
the famous artist to laU him 011. 0 MOM CblH l1Io6HT
pHCOBaTb. H A nonpocHII8 3H8MeHHTOro XY,llOJlCHHKa
B3S!Tb Bro B y-iBHHKH.
4 (v 0 adv) Bbl3BaTb, np...HRTb lCorO-II. B 1C8'1BCT8e
npomBHIIIIC8; nOMBpHTbCR C ICBM-II. CMI10i1; no60poTb-
ai, CXBamTbCS! C ICBM-II. «I03MOJKHO C nocne.aM npeA-
IIOrou ar}> . Soon you'll be able to ,aU the champion
on at this kind of sport. 0 CICOPO TbI 6YAeWb B CQCTO-
AHMH BbI3BaTb B npoTIIIBHlIIlC1ll 'IeMnillOHa B 3TOM BMAB
cnopTa.
5 () npIIIHMM8Tb 'ITO-II., np...06peTaTb 'ITO-n.
(HOS08 SblpaJ«eHM8, H0808 ICB'l8CTBO, H08blH  M
r.n. ) . At last his book has ',,"II on a long-awoited real
form. 0 HSICOHBU ero ICHMra np...06pena AOllroJICAaHHYIO
peanbHYIO <!>OPMY.
8 (v sdv) paY. 6paTb B ronoBY, npMHMMaTb 6nM31C0 IC
cepALtY. OOI1HOBaTbCfl, paccrpaMB8TbCA <('I8CTQ C nocne-
A)IIOW.HM Hap8'lloteM so: 06b1..HO SImple Tenses lot II OTpIoIUII"
TenbHbIX nPGA/lOJlCeHHlIx» . I ask you not to ,ok on so, my
delJr. I will soon be better. 0 SI npowy TeOR, AOporo, He
nepe)ICMBaTb TalC CWlbHO. MHe CKOPO CTaHeT I1y-iWB.
7 (v adv) paY. CTaTb nonYmlpHblM. MO.D,HblM <(Simple
Tenses» . I am happy that my song has ttzUII on. 0 SI
C'l8CTIIIIIB, 'ITO MOR necHA CTan8 nonymlpHoA. :::) calC"
on
tell sb off
(v n adv) (HMeeTCII 0] f)B3r. O'l'tIllTblB8Tb, pyr8Tb, 6paHMTb -
lCorO-II.; ABnaTb BblrOBOp ICOMY-II. "06bNHO C nocneA)'IO" -..,

546
M nl)8AllOrOM for t The only reason he tdls us oJ/for
is being late. 0 E,Q,MHCTBeHHoe, 33 'tTO OH HaC pyraeT, -
3TO 3a OI103ASHMe.  cd down
a telllng-oIt
[nJ BblroBOp, HarOHMM . / won't do Ihis again: please
don't gille me a leUbtg-off. 0 Sf OonbWe He OYAY AenaTb
3Toro: no*8l1yMcTa, He pyr MeHM.
tell on sb/sth (v pr)
1 ClC83blBaTbCH,OTP8*8TbCf1 H8 KOM-II'/'feM-II. t Labour
of many years was beginning 10 teU Oil his health.
o MHOrOneTHMA TPYA  CK83b1BaT"bCM Ha ero 3AO-
poBb8.
2 fJ83r. Ha)I(8S10BaTbCfl, HaM6E!AHM'I3Tb Ha !COrO-II. ('1awe
cpe/lJf .asTeR) tit is not me who has lold Oil Peter. 031'0
He A paccKa3aI1 npo neTlO.
throw sb/sth off (sth)
1 (v n adv. v n pr) C6paCblBaTb 'fTo-n. (a T.'I. OAeJll;lfy):
CTpslXMsaTb'lTO-n. (c 'tero-II.; oTKYAa-n.) tl asked you
long ago to throw Ihe snow off (the roof). 0 SI ASBHO 'Fe-
ISM npocHna e6pocMTb CHer (c ICpblWM).
2 () M36aBMT"bCM OT lCoro-II./'iero-n. (OT npecne-
.aosareneii. OT HB30HnHBorO nOf1)'NHKa; OT 6one3H8H.
npHBbI'I8/C H T.n.) . / couldn't ,h,ow oJ/ that dog until it
heard the voice of the owner. 0 Sf He Mor OTBA3aTbal OT
TOM co6aKM, nOKa OHa He ycnblwana ronoc X03MMHa.
3 () 6b1cTpo M 3ICcnpoMTOM HaOpocaTb 'ITO-I1. H8
OYMare (CTHXH, neCHlO, nHCbMO H T.n.) . He is such a
clever boy, he can throw off any number of lines with
the some rhyme. 0 OH TalCoiil YMHblA Manb'lMK, OH MQJlCeT
III

547
tiblCTpO HanMcaTb mo60e KOnM'f8CTBO CfPOIC C OAHoA M
TOM *e PM4>MoM.
trade sb/sth off
(v n aclv) (HMBeJ"CR nJ 06MeHMBaTbCSI lCeM-l1./'feM-l1.:
MATM Ha IOAHble ycrynlCM B 'feM-n. . The head of the
university promised that he would trllde off decreasing
the cost of education if students withdrew their political
demands. 0 PeKTop YHMsepcMTeTa 06eU¥i11 noi%TH Ha
YMeHbweHMe CTOMMOCTM 06Y'4eHMA, ecnM CT)llWHTbI
CHMMYT nOnMTM'feCKMe Tpe60BaHMA.
D trac1&-off
(n) 1C0MnpOMMCC, YCTYllIca . He decided to make a
trllde-off. 0 OH pewKt1 noMTM Ha 1C0MnpoMMCC.
trade on/upon sth
(v pr) MCnOnb30BaTb 'fTO-n. B ceOMX l.4enAX; 3110-
ynOTpe6nRTb 'feM-n. . 1 couldn't get rid of him and he
trllded flpoll my wealcness. 0 fI HMIC8IC He Mor M36a-
BMTbCA OT Hero, a OH 3noynOTpe6nAn MOei% cnatiOCTblO.
turn (sb/sth) off (sb/sth) (UMeeTC1I n)
1 (v n adv) BblKI1lO'farb 'fTO-n. (P. CBeT U T.n.);
38tcpblBaTb 'fTO-n. (lCpaH, BQlIy); OCTaHa811MBaTb paoory
IC8Koro-n. MexaHM3Ma . Oh, look - light is on, IU'II it
off. 0 CMOTPM - C8eT ropMT, BblKI1IO'fH ero.  switch
off, turn 011
2 (, v n pr, vadv, v pr) plJ3r. OTtiMTb 'fw-n. OX01)l
(K \jeMy-n.); pa30'lapOBaTb 1C0rO-11. (8 KOM-n./'feM-l1.);
noTePATb 8JCyC, MHTepec, )l(eJ18HMe (IC 1C0My-n./'feM'{-n.); .
OT8paTMTb 1C0rO-11., OTBepHyrbCSI (OT 1C0rO-11./'ferO-11.)
. The lecture was so boring that 1 quiclcJy "'riled off (ils

548
111
subject). 0 11eICLIMSI 6b1118 T8IC CKy'IH8, TO R 6b1CTPO no-
TepM MHTepee (IC ee Teue). . Somebody can be turned
on by classical music. but it cel"Ulinly ""IIS me oJ/.
o Koro-TO. MOJII:eT. KnaCCMIC8 M y&neIC8BT, HO MBHA OHa
onp&A8J1eHHO OTBpatQa8T.  ,.",. 011, pili off
o tum-ofl
In) OTBpa1118HMe, OMBp3eHMe, ra,o,OCTb, MeJ)30CTb
. How can )'011 speolc such lIun-offs? 0 KaK Tbi MOJll:eWb
rOBopl4Tb TaICMe Mep3OCTH?
3 (v adY. v pr) CBOP8'fMB8Tb (c OAHOiJ /J,OporM H8
ofIP)'I)'IO), noeopa'lMB8Tb (0 /J,opore) . They tII",d off
(the f1UJin road). 0 OHM CBeptfyl1M (c maBHOM D,oponl).
. This path tIlnrs off to the river. 0 am lpOna C8Qpa'1M-
B8eT IC patee.
o tum-off
In) fiolC088SI D,opora, noaopoT . He took the wrong
tll",-off 0 OH He TyD.8 CBepHyI1.
turn (sb/sth) on (sth) (MMeeTCfI n)
1 (v n adv) BICllIO'tSTb CBeT, 33J11:MraTb COOT, ra3, n8Mny M
T.n.; OncpblB8Tb ICpaH M T.n. . Who IlIr"ed 011 the kitchen
water? 0 KTo OTICpbUI BOD,y Ha JCyXHe? => IIInr off, switclt
011
2 (pa3r. 3aHHTepecosaTb, b, 83BOI1HOB8Tb
lCorO-I1. . Nothing can III", my sister 0" but driving a
car. 0 HMlojero He MOJII:eT 3aMHTepecoB8Tb MOIO cecrpy,
KpoMe BOJI(D,eH MaWMHbI. => IIIrll off
o tunJ-On
In) pa:p: B036yJKD.eH\IIe; rny60IC\IIM MHTepee; l1\11UO MI1M
npeD,MeT, 8b13b1B8e B036yJKD.ettMe, MHTepee . J
cOllldn 't suppose her eyes to be such a great 111",-0".

549
o s:I H He MOr npe.QnOnOJKMTb, "TO ee f"1I83a TalC 803-
6yJKAa1OT.
3 (v pr) OkpbICMTbCSI Ha KOro-n., 06pywHThCII, Ha6po-
CMTbCA co 3I1OOOA HS 1C0ro-n. (cnOBBMH HnH tbH3H-
'leCKH) . After such an answer of her hll$band she sud-
denly fIIrned on him. 0 nocne Ti!lCoro OTBeTa My)IC8 0Ha
B.IlPYr C rHeBOM Ha6pocMllaCb Ha Hero.
4 (v pr) AEIJ1 nPflMbiM C1I8,ACTBHeM ..ero-n.; npsl-
MbiM 06pa3OM 38BHceTb OT ..ero-n.: nOrM..eclCM cne-
.QO&aTb 38 ..eM-n. . He knew well that her actions would
fIIrll Oil his words. OOH XOPOWO 3Ha11, 'ITO ee .QeMCTBHII
6y.Qyr 388MceTb OT ero enOB.
turn sth on/upon sb/sth
(v n pr) HsnpaBIIATb 'ITo-n. (CBeT, W/l8Hr, c-rpeny, 830P
H T.n.) Ha Koro-n./'lTo-n. . I took my pocket flash and
filmed the beam on thai car. 0 st 83M CBOM KaPMaHHblM
4K>HSPb H HanpaeHn 11y'I Ha TY MawHHY.
walt on/upon sb/sth (v pr)
1 CJIyJI(MTb 1C000-n.; 06CJty)1CH&aTb lCoro-n. . You calf
nwke money WGiling 011 visitors in Ihis casino. 0 Tbi
MOJKeWb 3apaC5aTbl8BTb .QeHbrH, 06cny)KHBafI noceTH-
TeneM 3TOro Ka3MHO.
2 Jll;.QaTb 1C0ro-n./..ero-n., He npeAflPHHHMaA HHKaICHX
warOB . We all WGiled on his telephone call to t1UJIce up
our mind. 0 Mbi Bee JI(,Q,8J1H ero Tene4K>HHOro 380HKa,
'lT06b1 npHHRTb peweHHe.
walk sth off 
(v n adv) H36aBMTbCA aT ..ero-n. (npH8b1KH, HenPH- ..
Jmfbl)( OU4eHHH H T.n.: 8 OCH08HOltl38 c<leT nporynKH)

550
. After dinner I jelt pain In my stomh and went out to
walk it off. 0 nOC/le 06eA3 SI nO'tYBCTBOBaII 60J1b B
*IotBOTe M BblweJ1 Ha YJ1Iotuy'. 'fT06b1 ryJ1S1S11ot30aBMTbCSI OT
6onM.
walk on sb/sth
(v pr) 3a,I1eBaTb, 06HJKaTb, 3aTparIotBaTb KOrO-J1./'fTo-n.
('I}'scrsa'l911089I(B, caMonlO6H9 H T.n.) "..acTO Simple
Tensesj,o .1 don't want to see him any more; last time he
waJA:ed deep on my pride. 0 SI He xO't'f 60nbWe BM,O,9Tb
ero; B npowJ1b1M pa3 OH rny60Ko 3a,I1eJ1 MOO C8Momoooe.
wear off
(v adv) nOCTeneHHO pa3BeRTbCSI, IIIC'Ie3aTb, 3aTIIIX8Tb,
ocna6nSlTbCSI (0 'l)'BCT88X, 0 KB'IecT88X H T.n.) . My
doubts wor off in due course. 0 MOIil COMHeHMR paa-
BeRnlllCb C T9'leHloIeM BpeMeHM.
wear on
(v adv) MeAl1eHHO TRHYTbCSI, JJllIoITbC1I "bI"HO Simple
Tenses . Those three days before our wedding wore on
endlessly. 0 Te Tplll lI,HSI nepe,a Hawe C&a.ab60 TSlHY-
nlllCb 6eCKOH9'lHO ,aonro.  wear away
work sth off (v n adv)
1 OCBo60J1HTbC1I OT 'fero-n. (6peMeHH, rp)'3a. 3860T),
C6POClolTb C ce6R 'fro-n. III11WHee (see, HsrpY3KY H T.n.,
3a'lBCT}'IO npHlIBr8fl yCHIIHR /( 3TOMY) . It appears that
you can work off the pain in the .fmall of your back with
special exercises. 0 OKa3b1BaeTCSI, Bbi MOJKeTe CHATb
60nb B nOSlCHIoILte C nOMOWblO cneLIH3J1bHbIX ynpaJl(.-
HeHMM.
III

551
2 oYpaOaTbiBaTb I(8lCoM-n. Aonr . It toole him two
months to wort off his debt to his boss. 0 EM}' no-rpe-
OouanOCb l1Ba MeCSlUS, 'fTOCibi OTpaOoT8Tb.QOnr C80eMY
we4>Y.
3 BbiMBIlUiTb I(8ICI'IB-II. HenPl4ATHble'fYBCTBa (HB /CoM-n.)
<06b1HO c nOCneJlMH npeJlllOrllMH agalns!, on» . He
was put out after talldng to his director and at home
wo,ud his anger off on his son. 0 OH Ciblll paCCrpoeH
noclIe pa3roaopa c l1HpeICTOpoM 1'1 .QOM8 acB csoe 3110
BblMBCTI'II1 H8 CblHe.
work on sb/sth (v pr)
1 paOoTSTb HaD. 'IBM-II. (Ha,Q crart.eiii, owM6/ClJAIM. M30-
t5perBHMeM M r.n.) . How long are you going to wort 011
the promised dictionary? 0 KaIC AOJ1ro Bbi COCil'lpaeTecb
paOoTaTb HaD. 06eIlUiHHblM CIIOsapeM?  IM1rt 41
2 pa:Jr. o«SpaOaTbiBaTb. yCieJK.(1aTb 1C0rO-II.; I108IIMATb,
noAeMCTBOBaTb H8 1C0rO-II./'1TO-I1. . The teacher ask£d
you to work Oil your son beccmse he couldn't himself get
the better of him. 0 Y'lMTellb npocMn THOR nOBJlMRTb H8
CblH8, TalC I(8IC OH C8M He MOJICeT C HMM cnpaBHl"bCfI.
write sb/sth off (v n adv) [MMeerCSl oJ
1 HanMcaTb'lTO-II. CiblCTpO, HaCTpo'IMTb 'lT0-1I. . We
have to write many letters off to have lime for preparing
the contest. 0 HaM npHXOl1HTCA CTpO'IMTb MHorO nMeaM,
'lTOCibi ycneTb nO.Q.rOTOBMTbCS!1C ICOHIC}'PCy.
2 pa:Jr. C'lMT8Tb, paCCMaTPl4BaTb r.oro-n./'lTO-I1. HBHY*-
HblM, Ciecnone3HblM; CCipacblB8Tb 1C0ro-II./'iTO-II. CO
C'lBTOB; MrHOPl4posaTb lCorO-II./'fTO-II. o(B03MO*HO C no- 
C/l8AytOU»IM npe,anoroM8S» . He wrole his car off as unfit ....
for use and wanLf to buy a new OM. 0 OH OTlC838/lCA OT

552
cBoelii M8WMHbI KaIC HeroAHolii K Mcnonb30eaHMIO III
XO'l8T KY"KTb HOsylO.
D wrlr.otf
[n] HerOAH8R Be. X1\8M . He considers his car as a
wrue-olf. () OH CMT8eT CBOIO M8WMtty HerOAHO....
'\.
III

553
AJ14»ABMTHbiA YKA3ATEJ1b HAPE"IMrt
M nPEAIIOrOB-
about (adv, pr) ( 1 )
above (adv, pr) (2)
across (adv, pr) (3)
after (pr) (4)
against (pr) (5)
ahead (adv) 16)
along ladv, pr) (7)
among (pr) (8)
apart (adv) (7)
around (adv, pr) (1)
as (pr) (9)
aside ladv) (7)
at (pr) (9)
away (adv) (7)
back (adv) (6)
before (adv, pr) (4)
behind (adv, pr) (4)
below (adv, pr) (2)
between (pr) (8)
beyond (adv, pr) (4)
by (adv, pr) (8)
down (adv, pr) (10)
for (pr) (5)
forth (adv) (6)
forward (adv) (6)
from (pr) (11 )
in (adv, pr) ( 12)
into (pr) ( 12)
of (pr) (1)
off (adv, pr)(13)
on (adv, pr) (13)
onto (pr) (13)
out(adv)( 12)
out of (pr) (12)
over (adv, pr) (2)
round (adv, pr) ( 1 )
through (adv, pr) (3)
to (adv, pr) (11)
together (adv) (7)
towards (pr) ( 11 )
under (adv, pr) (2)
up(adv, pr) (10)
upon (pr) (13)
wi1h (pr) (7)
. YKa3aTellb COCTa8J1eH .ami BTOpblx KOMnOHeHTOB cppa-
30BblX rnaronoB. B CK0(5K8X yt(838HbI 'MICTM pe'41ot lot HO-
Mep pa3Aena cnosapsl.

554
nEPE'iEHb 6A30BblX rnArOnOB I
BOWE.QWMX B CnOBAPb
account ('kaunt)
act Izkt)
admit (:KI'mit)
agree (' gri:)
aim (elm)
allow ('Jau]
amount (3'maunt)
answer ('0:053)
apply ('plal]
ask (a:sk)
attend (3'tend]
back (bzk]
base (beIS)
be (bi:J (was/were, been)
bear (be) (bore, born)
beat (bi:t) (beat, beaten)
become (bl'kAm)
(became, becomc)
black (blrek]
block (bl:>kJ
blow (blou) (blew. blown)
boil (0011)
borc Ib:>:)
brave (breI\']
brcak Ibrelkl (broke, bro-
ken)
bring (bno] (brought)
brush (brAJ]
build (blld) (built)
burn (1m1] (burnt)
buy (bat J (bought)
call (k:>:lJ
cancel (k<ensl]
care (ke:»
carry ('kren)
cast (ka:st)
catch (kret,O (caught)
change (tJem<h)
check (tJek)
cheer (tJI:tl
chop (tJ:>p)
clean (kli:n)
clear (kh;)J
climb (klalm]
close (klouz)
come (kAm) (came,
come)
cook (kuk)
cool ( ku:l)
count (kaunt)
cover ('kAv:»
crack (knekJ

555
crash (krrell
cross (kr:>s)
crowd (baudl
cry (tral]
cut (kAt)
deal (di:ll
depend [d"pend)
die (dal)
dig (dlg(
dive [dalV)
do (du:) (did, done)
drag (drregl
draw (dr:>:l (drew, drawn>
dream (dri:ml (dreamt)
dress (drcsl
drink (dnl)k) (drank,
drunk)
drive (dralV] (drove. driv-
en)
drop (dr:>p)
dry Idral)
ease (i:z)
eat (i:t) (ate. eaten)
end (end]
enquire (In'kwaI3]
- enter l'ent3)
even Ii:\'n)
face(fels)
fade (feld]
fall (f:>:11 (fell, fallen)
feed (fl:d) (fed)
fecI (fi:l) (felt)
fight (faltl (fought)
figure ('fig31
fill (fill
find (famd) (found)
finish ('flnlJl
fit (fn)
fix (flks)
flow (flou I
fold (fould)
follow ('f:>lou]
fool (fu:l)
frecze (fri'z) (froze,
frozen)
fuck (f....k]
gaze (geIZ)
get (get] (got)
give (glv) gave, given)
glance (glo:ns)
go (gou) (went, gone)
ground (graundl
grow (grou) (grew, grown)
guess (ges)
hand Ihrend)
hang (hrel)) (hung)
happen ('hrep:m I
have (hrev) (had)

556
head (hed]
hear (h131 (heard)
hit (hit] (hit)
hold (hould) (held)
hope Ihoup]
idle ('aldl)
invite (,"'vart]
jump (mp]
keep (ki:p] (kept)
kick (klk)
knock In:>kl
know (noul (knew.
known)
land (Jrend)
last (10:51]
laugh (Jo:f]
lay (lei) (laid)
laze (Jelzl
lead (li:d] (led)
learn (Jnl (learnt)
leave (li"V) (left)
let (let) (let)
lie (Ial) (lay, lain)
line (lain)
listen IlIsn]
Jive [hvl
long Ibl)l
look [Iuk)
makc Imelk] (made)
mess Imes)
mind (mamd)
mix (mlks)
move (mu"V)
open ('oupn)
own loun)
pack Iprek]
pass (po:s)
pay lpell(paid)
permit Ip3'mltl
phone (foun)
pick (plk]
play Iplel)
pop Ip:>p]
pour (p:>:)
pull (pul)
push (puJl
put (put) (put)
race (rels)
rake (relk]
rank (ncokl
reach (ri.1Jl
read (ri:dJ (read)
reduce (n'djU31
relieve (n'li:v)
remind (n'mamdl
ride (raid) (rode, ridden)
ring (no) (rang, rung)
rise IralzJ (rose, risen)

557


roll (roul)
round Iraund)
rub (r....b)
rule (ru:I)
run (r....n) (ran, run)
score (sk:>:)
see (si:) (saw, seen)
seek (si:k) (sought)
sell ( scl) (sold)
send (send( (sent)
serve (sa:,,)
SCt (set I (set)
settle (sctl)
shake Uelk) (shook. shak-
en)
show Uou) (showed,
shown)
shut U....t) (shut)
sigh (sam) .
simmer ('51m31
sit (Sit) (sat)
slip (slip)
slow (slou]
smell Ismel( (smelt)
snap (snrepl
son (
:tl
speak Ispi:k)(spoke.spo-
ken)
stand (strend) (stood)


stan Isto:t)
stay (Slel)
steallsti:11 (stole. stolen)
step (step I
stick (SIlk)
stir 1st:!:)
stop (st:>p)
sum (SAm]
switch IswrtJ]
take (telk) (took, taken)
talk (t:>:kl
tellitel) (told)
think (ell)k) (thought)
throw lerou) (threw,
thrown)
tic Itall
tire ('taI3)
touch (t\tJl
tradc (treldl
try (trail
turn It
n)
use Uu:z)
wait (welt]
wake (wclk) (wokc.
woken)
walk Iw:>:k)
wash (w:>Jl
watch (w:>tJl
wear (we3) (wore, worn)




558


weigh lwei)
....-eight Iwenl
win (wm) (won)
wind (wamdJ (wound)
woO; (w:):k)
wrap (r.:epl
write (ran) (wrote, writ-
ten)