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>Kem:neJ1bHbIX» 3J1eMeHTOB - npeCl)'nHHI<OB, 6poiUlr, 60iJbHbiX H 06e3- J\OJ1CHHbIX) BCe.>KC npCJlIJpHHI1M3JJItCb. QCHOBHOti npMTOI< MMMHrpaHTOB B AMepHKY HH4!LCII B CCpeJlI1He XIX (I H npOJlO;J)I{aJJCI! RnJ10n. 110 20-x rr XX R. nblTal!Cb npMBJJe4b HMMl1rpaHTOB Will OCBoeH1I HOBIoIX 3eMe.JJb 11 pa3BMTI111 npOMblWJ1CHHO- CTM, B CWA co:malOT Mil HI1X JlbfOTHbie YCJJOBMJI: CBo60!!Hblti B1>=. 6C3B03Me3!!HOe nOJlY4eHI1C 3eMJJI1, CCJJbCKOX03I!HCTBCHHb[X OpyJlI1H 11 CcyJlb[ Ha 06yCTpOHCTDO Bcc 310 cnoc06CTBOBaJlO pOCl)' 3J.lI1rpaUI1I1 113 KaHallbl, 4TO nODJIeKJJO I13Jl3Hl1e B CWA 3flKOHOB, KOTopb[e BBOlll1J111 Ka'leCTBeHHb[e OrpaHI1'lI1TeJ1bHble rrnpaMeTplol. nepBb[H TaKOH 3aKOH, He pa3pewalOll\I1H B'be3)1{an B CTpaHY npccrynHMKaM 11 npOCTI1T)'Tl<aM, nOJlDI1JJCI! B 1871 r. 3aTeM 3TO npaBI1J10 pacnpOCTpaHI1JJOCb Ha I<I1TaH- CKI1X pa60'II1X, a B nepDO)'1 3aKOHe CWA 11 KaHallbl 06 I1MMMrpaLll111 :n)' rpynny 1I0nOJJHI1J111 YICTBeHHO HenOJIHOLleHHIoIMI1 JllOllloMI1 11 MHO- rO)l(eHuaM B KaHa!le nepBbIH OrpaHM"Il1TeJJbHIoIH MMMl1rpaLlMOHHb[H 3flKOH 6101./1 npl1HJlT I! 1885 r. B OTBeT Ha MflCC081o[H npl1TOK KI1TaHCKI1X pa60411x Ha CTpOllTeJlbCTBO KaHa!lCKoti TI1XOOKeaHcKoH .>KeJleJHOH lIoporl1 3TI1M 3aKOHOM BDOJ\I1J1CI! ..nonyrnHblH HaJ10r» Ha I<I1TaHLleD I! cyMMe 50 J\OJI- J1apOIl, KOTOpblti K 1903 r. 6blJl nOllblllleH J\O 500 .u:omlapOB B 1906 r. H-uweTC.II nepBblH I1MMHrpaUI10HHbiti JaKOH KaHa!lIoI, yc- JlI1BWl1ti nOJIHOM0411J1 I1M"'!MrpaLlI10HHblX BJlaCTel1 8 06.JJacTI1 npOTM80- J\eticTBHII npOHKHOBeHlO B CTpaH}f He}l(eJ1aTeJJbHblX .JJJeMeHTOB». Hapm:!y C Ka'leCTBeHHbl).\I1 OrpaHI14eHHIIMI1 HMMHrp3Ll1fH nO}lBI1- JlI1Cb 11 KOJ1I1'1eCTBeHHble. THI<. B 1920-e rr B CWA BOJHKJJH npaKTIJKa I<BOTlJpOBaHI1J1, H B 1929 r. Bblpa60TaHa 4JOPMYJ1H paC'IeTa HaUHOHHlIb- HbiX KBOT (oTMeHeHbl B 1965 r.)I. B KaHaLlC B HH'l3JJe XX B. COCTaBJIJleTCI! nepe4eHb «nplJOpltTeTHblX HMMl1rpaHTOB», I< 1<0TOpbIM OTHOCIIT 6pl1TaHcl<x, HMCpl1l<aHCI<MX 11 eB- ponetiCI<HX 4JcpMepOD. full HX o6ycTpotiCTBa OT80JlIIT 160 al<pOB 3eMJ111 Ha 3all3JlC crpaHbI C HI1'laJIOM llepBoH Ml1pOBOH BOtiHb[ B CTpaHe CTaJla ocyweCTBJlIICTCIi OrpaHI1'1I1TCJJbHaJI I1MMl1rpaWJOHHall nOJJI1TIfKa 1l03J1<e (1923 r) 6b[J1 npl1HJlT An 0 He!!OnywcHI1I1 I1MMl1rpaLl1111 113 Kl1nm (B 1923-1941 rr TOJIbl<O IS I<I1TaHueB I1MMl1rpl1pOBaJll1 B Kamw,y) C Ha'laJ10M EeJll1l<OHllCnpeccl111 B 1929 I )anpernaeTCI! B'be311 DJlJI Bcex I1M)'lI1rpaHTOD, KPOMe >KeH 11 lleTeH rex 113 HI1X, I<TO YJI<e 060CHOBaJlCJI B CTpaHe, a TalOKe 4JepMepOB, I1MelOll\HX J\ocnrro4HIoIH Kanl1TIU1 .Il.fIJi C03- naHI1J1 c06CTBeHHoro 6113Heca, a B 1931 r )al<pblBaeTCI! B'be31l 11 DJlJI 3TI1X KaTeropMtll1MMl1rpaHToB. J CM' NnkHI!pp CJ.1H _ cnyA<fM:I ","M"rpalUm" "HryP"-""38I1"" M. 1996 C 7 24 
nOCJJe 01<0H4f1HH}J BTOpOiJ MHpOBOM BOHHbI B KaHMe tre'lMC}J 6YPHbiti pOCT npOMblWJleHHoro np0l13BOJICTBB, nOTpe60BBBwHti 3Ha'l- TeJlbHblX TPYJ\OBbIX pecypCOB, '1TO nOBJIeKJIO nepeCMOTp orpaHH'IMTCJ1b- HOti I1MJ.mrpaUl10HHoti nOJ1I1TI1KI1. 6!o1J111 pacWl1peHb[ cnOHCopCKlte npl1BI1J1erl1l1, YDeJJl1'1eH CnHCOI< paJpeweHHblX BOB npo4>eCCI10HaJ1b- HOti .!\eI!TeJJbHOCTI1  npCaOCTaBJIeH «npCDJ10'lTI1TeJ1bHblti.. CTal}'C PJlJlY eBpOneHCl<l1X CTpaH B 1952 r npI1HI1J.!aCTCI! HOBblH I1MMl1rpaLlI10HHb[H al<T, HanpaBJIeHHb[H Ha npl1BJJe'leHlie B!o[COKOI<BaJJl14>liUl1pOflaHHblx cneumumCTOfI, HO 11 HB O!!HOBpeMeHHOC paCwpeHl1e nOJJHOM0411H I1MMI1rpaLll10HHblX '1I1HOBHI1I<OB B '1aCTI1 OTKa3a I1MMl1rpaHTaM BO Bbe3- J\e no npl13Hal<aM HaLlI10HaJ1bHOCTH, npOI1C1{O>lU(eH1I 11 KYJ1bTYpHb[)( TPa1ll1LlI1H I B 1952 r D CllJA npHHI1MaeTCI!I1MMl1rpaLlHOHHb[H 3aI<OH ()ioJlTepa- MaHa), YCTaHOBI1DWI1H HOBbie I<pl1Tepl11i TpynOBOH I1MMl1rpaUI1, HanpallJleHHblH Ha I1}.!Ml1rpaUI1IO KBaJJl14>Ul1pOBaHH),[X CneLlI1aJ1I1CTOD 2 , a II 1965 r. 6b[J1 npl1H.1IT 3aKOH XapTa - CeJJJlepa. yCTaHoDl1l1wl1ti oc- HOBHble nyrH I1MMl1rpaU1111 B crpaHy. BOCCt.1e1II1HeHI1e ceMeH; TpyJ\oBa.ll I1MMl1rpaLlI1J1; 6e)KeHLlbl 11 1II1llfl, llIYWl1e y6e)Kl1lUe; I1MMl1rpaUI1.11 nml n01l1lep)KaHI1I1 3THOKY1lbTYpHoro paJHo06paJI1H. Eb[J1a BBe.neHa CCTeMa I<li0T 1IJUI KaJ£U\olll<aTerOpHH I1MMHrpaHTOB. B 1960-x rr. II KaHMe 6blJ11-1 BBe.n.eHbI HOBbie I1MMHrpaUI10HHble npaBI1J1a, ycrp-ll-illlOllU1e "Iepn[ pacoBoti J\I1CKjJI1MI1HaLlI1I1 Ii treueJJel-l- Hble Ha npI1HJle'leHe CneUl1aJJHCTOB 113 60JJee w(']pol<oro Kpyra cTpaH. CaMoti MHoro4HCJJeHHoti rpynnoti CTaHOBHTCII (,]MMHrpaHTbI no JIHHH BOCCOCJlHHeHHII CCMbH nOcJ1e BBl:.1IeHI1J1 B 1967 r 6aJJJ1bH0i1 CCTeMbl o-r6opa (,]MMHrpaHTOB Ha OCHOBe JlH'IHbIX napaMeTpOB (YPODeHb 06pa30- MHHII, npo4JeCCI10HaJ1bHblti cral)'c H B03pacT) 6b1J1a Kap!!I1HaJJbHO (']3- MeHetre m,IMHrpaUI10HH811 nOJ1HTI1Ka KaHBJlbI E 1976 r npl1HHMaeTCH 04epeJiHoti I1MMrpaLlI10HHb!ti 81<T, Co!!ep}l(aWl1ti pl!JI HODaUHti B 'I3CT- HOCTH, 6b1.rm onpCJleJleHbl rJlaBHble ueJJ I1MMrpBLlI1I1 - COLlI1aJ1bHall, rYMaHItTapHall 11 3KOHOMIi'leCKaH; B),[JleJ1eHbI Tpl1 KaTeropM MMl1rpaH- TOB (Jll1ua, B1>C3}1(IDOWHe .DJ11J BOCCOeJlI1HeHl11J Ce"lbl1, o4JI1UlffiJlbHb[e 6e)KeHU!o[ 11 111100. no CTal}'cy 6J1li3l<lie K HliM, «He3aBI1CI1Mb[e" I1MMI1- rpBHTbI, 06J1aualOWHe onpe!!eJleHHOH KBaJJli4JI1KaLll1eH  npyrl1MI1 3KO- HOMII'IecKI1M J\OCTOI1HCTBa>.m) EncpBb[e II cTpaHc HfI'II1HacT nCHCTBO- BaTb CliCTeMa KBOT. YCTaHaBJII1BacMas! e)KerO!!HO no COrJlacoDaHl11O C npODI1HUHIIMI1. 1 HUKu<J>a{JQ6aE.A nP.1BOBbie IJ OprJHI13<111>tOHHbleocHOBbI.!\eHTeJ1HOCTH MlJrpallH- oHHlxCJly",1533py15e}l(H",xCTpaH L\l1IT KIO.H M,2004.C 16. 1CM:3al<oHoJ!aTC1IbCTBol1nOJlIJTHl<aBofin.:IcTJIBHcwHCRrpYJIOBoI'iMlJrpaIlHlJrocy- JIBpcTB_>1MnOprepOB>1HOCTpBHHol1pa60'leiicH.'''' M.2002 C 12 25 
nepBblfi HM"'mrpaUHoHHblti OQ>HC npl1 lJ>eJlepMbHOM npaaItTeJ1bCT- Be CWA 6b[J1 C031laH ewe B 1864 r., B COOTBeTCTBl111 C 3aKOHOM, noow- pI!BWM I1MMl1rpaLlI1IO. E KOMnereHLll11O CneUI1aJ1bHOrO ynOJlHo104eH- HOro no I1MMl1rpaUI111, HaJHal.leHHOrO npeJl1!1eHTOM, DOWJ111 BonpOCbI nepeBOJKI1 11 nOCeJleHI1.11 "3Ml1rpaHT08». D4Jl1c 6b[J1 3aKpblT l.IeTblpe rOJia cnYCT!I, 1<0rllB 3aKOH 0 nOOlUpeHI1 HMMrpaLlHI1 6blJ1 OTMeHeH. B 1880 r 6b1J111 npHHllfbl HOBbIe JaKOHbl, mmpaBJleHHb!e Ha HeJ\ony- weHe He;o:eJIaTeJ1bHb[X I1HOCTpaHueB 11 YCl1JIeHl1e 1<0HTp0J111 HM HaeM- HbI11 pa60411MI1, OJ\HaKO nOJIHOMO'l1111 no C06J1IO!leH1O 3TI1X TPe60Ba- HHll OCTaBaJIHCb nl1l11b Ha ypoBHe OTJ\eJ1bHbIX llJT,(fOO.. B 1888 r. KOHrpecc Y4pCJIIiJ1 KOItTeT WJII 113Y4eHI111 np06JJeM, CIJI!3aHHbiX C pa3JIeJJeHl1eM BJlacTCti no BonpocaM I1MMl1rpaUI1H, H pe- 1<0MeHnOBaJI C03lWTb DJlJI 3TOn LleJJI1 eJ\I1Hoe l]Je!lepaJ1bHOe areHTCTDO. 3aKoH 06 I1M"'mrpaLlI1I1 (1891 r.) YCTaHOBI1J1 HM Hen nOJJHbln 11 6eJ- pa31leJ1bHb!ll 4JeJlepa.n.bHblti 1<0HTp0J1b. 6b1JJa Y4peJ£U\eHa J\OJJ;O:HOCTb cynepl1HTCHJlaHTa no l1"Il1rpaUHI1, 1<0TOpblti nOJlI.lI1HIIJ1CII CCKpeTaplO l<a3Ha'ieticTDa Ece 06>1JaHHOCTI1, paHee Bb[nOJ1HJlBWl1eCI! Ha ypOBHe lliTaTOB, ne- peLlLllI1 8 Be.n.eHl1e I1HCneKTOp08 I1MMI1rpaUI10HHOrO 6wpo. nOMI1MO CBoefO oQ>i1ca B BaWI1HrTOHe 61Opo 0n<pblJ10 24 I1HcneKLU10HHbiX nYHI<- Ta DJlII TaMO}l(eHHoro 1<0HTP0J111 B.!IO::Jb rpaHLlbl  B OCHOBHblX MOPCKI1X nopTax C;iy;o:6a MopcKoro rOCnltHIJlII Ha'laJ1a npoBOJlI1Tb Me!ll1LlI1HCKOe 06CJleJ\oDaHHe npl16b[DalOWI1X I1MMl1rpaHTOB. E 1903 r. I1MMl1rpaLlI10H- Hoe 61Opo nepewJJo B Be!lOMCTBO DenapTaMeHTa KOMMepUl111 11 Tpyna 11 nOJlY411JJO Hel<OTOpble HOBbie .pyHKLlI1I1. nOCJJe TOro, Kal< KOHrpecc npl1HJIJI 3al<OH 0 HaTYpMH3aUI111 (1906r), 6b1JJO 06pa30DaHO 61Opo I1M1>1I1rpaLl1111 11 Hal)'paJIl13aLlI1I1, Kuropoe 06ecnC'.!I1BaJJO C06JJIOlleHite I1MMl1rpau110HHb[)( 3aKOHOB CWA, JaHI1MarIOCb BonpocaM HaTYpa..I1- 3aUl111 11 De::JO apXI1D no HaTYpMI13aUI1I1. 06e CTpyKTYpbl, 06bC1lIUleHHble B CJ1y)K6y I1MMI1rpaW1l1 H HaTypaJJl1- JaLlI1I1 (C(-Jl--J). cywecTBODMI1 B TC'leHl1e CeMI1 neT. B 1913 r., Korlla De- n3pn1MeHT 1<0McpLlI1I1 11 TPyna 6w! pa3!1CJ1eH Ha J\Ba llenaPTaMeHTa, ClJyAWa trnTYpaJJl1JaLll111 BbllleJJItJ1acb B CaMOCTO!lTCJJbHoe 6lOpo. B 1933 r 06a BeJ\OMCTB{ 6b1J111 BHOBb 061.elll1HeHbl B CI1H npl1 LJ,enapraMeHTe TpYlla, a B I1IOHe 1940 r. B LleJ1I1X 06ecne4eHI1J1 60JJee 3Q><PeKTHBHOrO 1<0HTp0J111 Ja HHOCTpaHuaM, CI1H 6blJ1a nepClIaHa DenapraMeHTY IOC- TI1UI1H B Ka'leCTBe areHTCTBa, OTBe'ffifOwerO Ja KOHTpOJ1b H3JI BblnOJ1He- Hl1eM 3al<OHOD no nonycl<Y I1HOCTpaHLleD B CWA 11 npe!lOCTaBJ1eHl1e JlbrOT MMl1rpaHTaM. CI1H TaK;Ke KOOP!ll1Hl1pOBaJIa pa60Ty DOH, roc- J\enapra!l1eHTa, .DeOOpTaMeHTa :urpaBOoxpaHeHI1I1 11 COUl13J1bHbiX CJ1yJK6 no BonpocaM, CBH3aHHblM C npI1eMOM 11 nepeCeJ1eHl1eM 6e)l(eHLleB. B03- 26 
rJliUl.'j}UJ CI1H CneLlHaJ'IbHblM yn0J1HOM04eHHblii, nOJlOT4eTHbiti reHe- paJIbHOMY np0I<Ypopy. E CBI!311 C COOblTlfJlMI1 11 ceHTII6pl! 2001 r 3al<OHOM 0 BHyrpeHHeH 6C30nacHocTI1 (2002 r) 6bJJI pe<t>opMl1pOB3H BeCb rOCYLlapcTBeHHbiti annapaT CWA, B TOM 'lI1CJJe CHCTeMa OpraHOB I1M"'mrpaLlHOHHOrO I<OH- TpOJ1I1. 3al<OH 0 BHyrpeHHeii 6e30nacHocTI1 npe!!YCMOTpeJ1 peOpraHl13a- UI1IO CI1H C03!13HO )'II1HCTpCTBO BHyrpcliHeH 6e30naCHOCTI1, B 4JyHI<LlIi KQTOporO cero.ram exOMT. aHaJ'I3 I1H.pOp)'I3Ll('J H oxpaH<! 06beKTOB I1H.ppaCTpyKTYPbI, npOTIiBOJ\eJ:1cTBl1e aKTaM XI1Ml1"1eCKoro, 6110JJOrl14CCl<OrO 11 JIlIepHOrO TeppOpl13Ma; 05eCne'[eHHe OXpaHb[ rpaHI1Ll H 6eJonacHocTH HB 06bel<Tax Tp3HCnopTa, LleticTB1111 B YCJJOBHIIX 4PC3- BbI"IatiHblXCI1TyaLlHti. B KaHane I1MMI1rpaLll10HHal! nOJII1TI1Ka He Dcerna onpeneJJ.l!JJacb 01- J\C;IbHbI).1 npaBI1TeJ1bCTDCHHb[M BenOMCTBOM, "Iallie OHa C04eTaJlacb C lIPYn1MH nOJ1I1TI1"1eCKIiMI1 I1HCTIO)"T3M CTpaHbl. B 1867-1880 rr BO- npoca,.m I1MMl1rpaUl111 3aHI1MaJ10Cb MI1HI1CTepCTBO CeJlbCKOrO X03Hiic1- Ba, '1TO OTpa>KaJlO HanpaBJJeHHOCTb 11).IMl1rpaUI10HHOH nOJII1TI1KI1 Ha npl111J1e4eHite <bcpMeJJOB .llJJ1I OCBOCH('JII HOBbJX Ce.JJbCKOX03I1ticTBeHHbIX 3eMeJ1b .Do 1919 r HMMI1rpaLll10HHOii c4>epoti BenaJJO MI1HI1CTepCTDO DHyr- peHH('JX JleJJ 3TO 06l>l!cHJlJ10Cb He05xOJll1MOCTbIO YJKeCT04eHI111 MHrpa- Lll10HHOti nOJ1HTI1I<H  nJJHHIITl1eM B 1906 r. neJJBoro I1MMHrpaLl('JOH- HOro JaI<OHa. B 1919-1939 rr. BonpOCbI Ml1rpaUl111 Haxonl1JII1Cb B 1<0MneTeHUl111 MI1HI1CTepCTDa I1MMl1rpaLlI1H 11 K0J10HI13aLlI1I1, a B 1939- 1949 rr - MI1HI1CTeJJcrBa npOMbIW'leHH(lCTI1 H JJeCYJJCOB. nOCJJeJiHee 6blJIO CBH3aHO c npHOpHTeTHOCTblO pa3BHTHJI npOMblUlJleHHOCTli, B TOM 411CJJe ropHoll06b1BalOllieii, DO DpeMJI BTOpoti Ml1pOBOti BoiiHbI. E 1950 r 6blJIO COJ!laHO MI1HHCTepCTBO rpaJKnaHCTBa H I1MMl1rpaUI111, B 1966 r. npe06JJa30BaHHOc B MI1HCTeJJCTBO JlIOJlCI<('JX JJCCypCOB 11 "IMH- rpaUlil1, a B 1976 r. - B MI1HI1CTepCTBo 3aHJlTOCTI111 I1MMl1rpaLlI1I1. 06b- e.llliHeHl1e BonpocoB MHrpaLl1111  3aHHTOCllI Ol'JIIDKaeT npl1opl1TeTHOCTb TpyJlOBOH Ml1rpaUI1H llJIJlI1HTCpCCOB CTpaHb[ B 1994 r m,IMrpaUIiOHHIDI CJJY}I(6a KaHflJlbl BepHYJlacb I< npe}l(HeMY H!I3B3HHIO - MHHItCTpcTHO rpIDK.1laHCTBa I1I1MMl1rpaLll111 IlpliTOK I1li0CTpaHLleB B IJ>pr 11 WBeWJIO CBlI3aH C OI<Oli'laHI1M BTOpoii MHpOBOti HOtiHbl. B (fJPf poCT HMMl1rpaLlHOHHblX nOTOI<OB 6bUJ 06ycJJoBJleH He06xonl1MOCTbIO BOCCTaHOBJ1eHJI 3KOHOMI1KI1 CTpaHbI, B WBeLll111 - 6YPHblM paJDI1Tl1e).1 3KOHOMI1KI1 Eo BpeMII ETopoH Ml1pODOH flOHHbl OCHOBHYIO rpynny HMMl1rpaHTOB B WBeLll110 COCTaBJIIIJ1H 6eJKCHLlbi ('J3 lI.aHHI1, (fJ('JHJ1I1HJ\HH, HopBerli11 H CTpaH l)aJJTI1H B 1945 r. npI16JJ3HTe'lbHOe HX 1<0.H"IeCTBO oueHI1Ba- J10Cb B 200 TbJC. 4eJlOBel<. no OKOH"IaHl111 80iiHb[ I1HocTpaHLlbI CTaJlI1 27 
npHBJleKafbCII B CTpaH)' B paMKax MeJ£U\YHapOJlHblX COrllBWeHI1M wm nOlq)bITHH .ne4JHLlHTa T)JynoBblx pecypcOB. B IJ>pr nepBoe cornaweHHe 0 pel<pyrMpoBaHlU1 pa604('jX 6bl1l0 JaKJIIO"leHO I! 1955 r. C I1TaJJl1ei1. JaTe),t nOCJleJ\ODaJla UeJlBH cepHII corllaweHl1n co cTpaHaMI1 cpeIlM3eMHoMop- CKoro 6accenHa: I1cnaHHen (1960 r.), rpeUl1eft (1960 r.), TYPUl1en (1961 r), MapoKKo (1963 r), 1l0plyraJll1di (1964 r). TYHI1COM (1965 r) 11 1Or0000BBJ1eH (1968 r) E I1Tor<: "l11c..1eHHOCTb I1HOCTpaHLleB EI CTpaHe cyweCTBeHHO D03pOCJIa B 1954 r. Cl<aHJ\I1HBBCI<HMI1 CTpBHBMI1 6),[110 nOJlnCaHO COrJlB- llleHHe 0 CO:maHH 06wero pblHl<a Tpy.na, "lTO npUBJ1eK1JO B WB<:UHIO TPYJ\OBblX Ml1rpaHTOI! H3 LlaHI1I1. (fJI1H1IJlHJ\I1I1, HOpBerI1H. HapJlllY C 3TI1M B'beJ}I(aJ111 TpynoDble Ml1rpaHTbI 113 CTpaH EaJ1TI1 11 EBponb]. B nOCJ1ellYlOLUl1e rO!!b[ Hau60JJbwee "lI1CJJO pa60"lHx DbC3;KaJ10 113 IOrocJJaBI1H, rpeLll111 11 TYPLlI1I1. E nepBoe BpeMII npl1BJ1e4eHI1e I1HO- CTpaHHb[X pa60'll1x paCCMaTp11BaJ10Cb npaBI1TeJ1bCTDOM Kal< BpeMeH- Hal! Mepa, HO BnOCJJI:.1ICTD11 CTaJ10 IICHO, 'lTO He06xOJll1Ma B3BCllleH- Hal! roCYJ\BpCTBeHHall nOJlI1TI1Ka B 06J1acTI1 perYJI('jpOBaHHII pblHl<a TpyJ\a HocTpaHueBI. B (fJpr CI1CT<:Ma Bep6oBKI1 racrap61.iiTepoB 6b[J1a OCHOBaHa Ha Bp<:- MeHHOM (poTaLlI10HHoM) npl1HLll1ne, KOTopa.ll npellycMaTpl1BaJJa 3a),te- llIeHl1e OJ\HI1X pa60'llix .npyrI1M. (1HocrpaHHble pa60'lI1e nOJJY'IaJ111 pa3- peWeHl1e Ha pa60T)' B repMaHl111 Ha onpe!!eJ1eHHb[H nepl101l BpeMeHI1 B onpe!!eJ1eHHOH OTpacJll1 np0l13BOJlCTBa 11J111 y OJiHoro pa6urornrreQII, a no OKOH4aHI111 cpoKa I<OHTpaKTa JlOJJ>KHbl 6b[J111 oepH}'TbCH JlOMOti. Eoc- CoeJlHHeHHe ceMeti He npl1BCTCTBOBaJlOCb, a Tal<He nporpaM),tb! I1HTC- rpaLll111 ('jHocrpaHueB, l<aK 113Y4eHite HeMeLll<oro 113blKa H peweHHe HX >KKJJ('jIllHbIX npo6J1eM. Bo06we OTCYTCTBOBaJ] OJ\HaI<O pa60rOJlirreJ111 6b11111 3BI1HTepeCOBaHbI B npOllJleHl111 KOHTpaKTOB C Db[COKOKBaJJl1$I1UI1- pODaHHblMH I1HOCTpaHHb[M pa60411MI1, IIBJlJlIOWI1MHCII OTHOCI1TeJJbHO J\eweDOH pa604eH CI1110H, He Tpe6YlOLUeH JlOnOJ1HI1TeJ1bHb[X COLlI1aJ1bHb[X 3aTpaT, B CI1J1Y 'lero nporpa),tMb[ racTap6aHrcpoB B (fJpr 6b1JII1 npl13Ha- Hb[ HeYlID'lHb[MI1. Tal< Kal< lIm.tlb T)JeTb I1HocrpaHHblx pa60411X B 1960-e rr. J\06poB0J1bHO BepHYlI!lCb .lIOMOjj2. B Ha4!L'Ie 1970-x rr. B pe3YJlbTaTe CH('j)KCHI1J1 TeMnOB 31<0HOMI1'leCl<oro pOCTa nporpID.IMb! pa604eti "IMH- rpaUl111 113 TpeTbIt\. CTpaH 6b11111 JB),topo;KeHb! npaBI1TeJ1bCTBOM, a npl1- HJ[T),[e BnOCJlellCTBI1H JaKOHbI, orpaHH'lI1BaWlUl1e I1CnOJJb30l!flHI1e T)Jyna I1HOCrpBHHb]X pa60411X, COKpan1J1I1 .nomo nOCJIeJ\HI1X B 06LUeM 06'bCMe TpynoBoH 3aHJlTOCTI:I HaceJIeHI1J1. ] Hm.IlIJ>opo86E.A YKa3.pa6.C 21. 1CM:3aI<OHOlIaTC1IbCTB0l1nOJJHTHl<aBo6naCTH BHeWHCRTPYlIOBoI'iMHrpaIlHHrocy- .l!3pCTB"MnOpTepOI!"HOC"Ip"HHOHpa60eiic"lIhl M .2002 C22 28 
B WBeUHI1 B 1967 r. 6bLIIH BBe.neHbl HOBbie HM!l.mrpaLlHOHHble npaBl1na, COrJlacHo KOTOpblM IIC HHOCTpaHHb[e rpaJKJlaHe (3a I1C- KJlI04eHI1eM rpa;t(1!flH CKaHllHHaBCKI1X CTpaH), nO>KeJJaBWl1e B"bexaTb B CTpaH}' WIll Tp}'nO}'CTpOnCTBa, 6blJ111 061!3aHbI n0J1}'4I1Tb npeJ\Bapl1- TeJ1bHOe pa3peweHl1e Ha >KI1TeJ1bCTBO 11 pa60TY. BnOCJleJ\CTBHI1 WBe- LlI1I1 CTaJJa npOBOJ\Tb nOJ1HTI1I<}' CTpOrl1X OrpaHWJeHl1ti B OTHoweHIiH Tp}'J\OBbIX MHrpaHTOB H OTI<33aJJacb OT HCn0J1b30BaHHJI BpeMeHHblX pa60'll1x. 1-10, HCCMOTpJl Ha 3TI1 orpaH'leHHII, 411CJleHHOCTb I1HO- CTpaHLleB nponOJlJKalla paCTI1 Ja C4eT I1MMl1rpaLl1111 no neraJ1bHblM (80ccoellHHeHHe ceMeM H 6eJKeHLlbl) H HeJleranbHblM KaHaJ1aM, a Tal<- >Ke 3a C4eT lleMorpa4m'lecl<Oro <!>aKTopa. C CepCW1HbI 1960-x IT. HB'IaJ10Cb al<TI1BHOC ocyweCTB.J\eHlie pe4J0pM B 06J1aCTI1 MHrpaLll10HHOn nOJJI1TI1KI1. peaJIl13aLlI1J1 nporpID-IM no H3)"le- HI1IO WBe1\CKOrO JlJblKa (1965 r.) 11 COUI1aJ1bHOn ananTaUl111 I1MMl1rpaH- TOB (1966 r.), Y4peJKJIeHI1e nC'laTHoro opraHa Mil HMMlirpaHTOB  D.p. B 1975 r 6bIJJ npl1HIIT 3al<OH, onpe!!eJlJlIOIJ.!Hti HOBbie npHopliTeTbl B 06J1acTI1 Ml1rpaUl111 11 OCHOBOTlOJIaralOWl1e npliHUl1nb! - paBHCTBO npall, cB06011a Db[60pa 11 COTpYllHI1'1eCTBO OJ\HOti 113 OCHOBHblX UeJ1eH I1MMI1rpaLll10HHOn nOJJI1THKI1 npOBOJrmUlJeHa I1HTerpaUI1J1 I1MMl1rpaH- TOB B WBe1\CKoe 0611[eCTBO B IJ>pr I< 1988 r. '1ItCJJO HOC1]JaHHbIX rpaJKJIaH COCTaBJiIlJ10 4,5 MJ1H 'Ie..OBCK. I1nl1 7,3% Bceti 'II1CJlCHHOCTI1 KopeHHoro HaceJJeHl111 B I1X COCTBae 3Ha'lI1TeJlbHoti 6b1na JlOJJJI Tex, KTO POlll1JJCII B repMaHl1l1, OJ\- HaKO, C IOpl11ll1'1eCKOn T041<11 3peHI111, OCTaBaJIC.II I1HOCTpaHLleM 310M}' cnoc06cmoBaJJ H 3aKoH 06 HHOCTpBHuaX, BCTynHBwI1ti B CItJJ}' B IIH- Bape 1991 r., npOBOJrJlawaBWl1ti OJiHOti H3 UCJ1eti I1HTcrpaUl11O HO- crpaHLlCB, neraJ1bHO np0)f{I1BaIOIlJI1X B (fJpr OllHaKo BO Bcex O<!>I1UI1- aJ1bHb!X nOKy,.leHTax nOJ\'IepI<I1BaJ10Cb, 4TO (fJpr He IIBJilleTCJI CTpaHOH I1MMl1rpaLlI1H. B JaKOHe 06 IUlocrpaHuax 1991 r. I1HOCTpaHHblM pa60411M 6b[J10 npCJlOCTalJ,JleHO npaRO nOJl}"JeHHII BI1ll3 HII nOCTOIIHHoe >KTe.J\bCTRO npl1 YCJlODI1I1 npOJKI1DaHI1J1 11 pa60Tbi B CTpaHe B Te'leHl1e nJlTI1 nero 3HaHI1J1 HeMeLlI<OrO 113b1Ka, HaJ11141I HOpMaJ1bHblX >KI1JJHIUHb[X }'CJlODI1H 11 OTCyr- CTBI1.11 KPI1MHaJ1bHOrO npOWJ1oro. CJ1ellYeT OTMeTI1Tb, '1TO MrpaLlI10H- HbJe npOl.!eCCbl Me>K.I\Y (fJpr 11 OCTaJJbHblMH 'IJ1eHaMI1 EBponeHcl<oro COlO3a pa3BI1BaJlI1Cb no onTI1MI1CTlt4eCKOMY CueHapl1lO' CerOllHJI I1MeeT- CI! J\orOBopeHHOCTb 0 CB06011HOM nepeMellleHI1H pa60411X C EieJJbrl1eH, IJ>paHLll1eH, HTa.rll1en, I-1l1Jlepmuw.aMH, JlIOKCe,.16yproM, BeJlI1K05pI1Ta- Hl1en, I1p.11aH1ll1en, LlaHl1en, rpeUl1eti, nopT}'raJJl1en, I1cnaHHeil, ABCT- pHeM, WBelJ.l1eti11 (fJI1HJ1I1HJ\Heti. 29 
B HBCTQ}Ul[ee BpeMJI HMMHrpaLlHOHHBJI nOJ1I1THKa IJ>Pf Bce 60- Jlee Opl1eHTl1pOBaHa Ha npE\JIe'leHl1e BblcOKOKBaJ1I1!J1I1Ul1pOBaHHb[X CneUI1aJ1I1CTOB l{aHHaJl nOTpe6HocTb npOlll1KTODaHB Kal< :}KOHOM- '1eCKMI1 lJJaKTOpBMl1, cnoc06cTDYlOllil1MI1 POCTY :}KOHOMI1KI1 cTpa- Hb[, TaK 11 .neMorpa!JIl1'1eCKI1MI1 nporH03aMI1, CB3aHHb!MI1 C cOKpa- llIeHl1eM 'II1CJ1eHHOCTH H cTapeHeM HBCeJ1eHHJI. B BBrycTe 2000 r. B CDPf BBeHa 6aJ1lIbHa>l CI1CTCMa OLlCHOK Ml1rpaHTa (nporpaMJ.ta ..rpl1H Kap.n..) .fiJJJI npl1BJle4eHI1J1 Hal160J1ee KBaJlI1!J1I1LlpoBaHHo pa604e CI1J1b[ D OTpaCJll1, CBI!JaHHb[e C pa3BI1TI1eM I1H!JI0pMaUI10H- HblX TeXH0J10rHti. Kal< BI11lHM, l<aJ£U\fIH 113 paccMOTpeHHblX Bblwe CTpaH HMeeT KOH- KpeTHbJe ItCTopKo-npaBOBbJe npeJlnOCblJ1I<I1, nOBJIl1l1RWl1e HB !JIOpMI1- pODaHl1e 11}( Ml1rpaLlI10HHO nOJll1Tl1Kl1, npOLlecc CO:w.aHI1J1 Ml1fpaLl110H- HblX CJlY)K6, :}Tanb[ I1X COBepweHCTBOBaHI1J1 11 pe$opMI1pOBaHI1>1. PaJ- JlH'IHbI 11 HCTopl1'1eCKHe nepHOJ\bl 4Jop"'mpOBaHHJI '-tHrpaUHoHHoti no- JlHTI1KI1  MrpaLll10HHoro 3aKOHOJlaTeJJbCTBa. BMeCTC C TCM lLIIlI 3THX rocy.uapCTB xapal<TepHb[ 061l111e 'IepTb[, a I1MeHHO' . HI1 O.fiHa 3 CTpaH He BeliCT OTI<Pb[1)'1O MMl1fJJaUI10HHYIO nOJlI1- TI1KY (B JaKOHo.rurreJIbCTBe I1cnOJlb3YIOTC>I I1HCTI1Tyr KBOTI1p08a- HI1>1 'II1CJJeHHOCTH MrpaHTOB, HOp'-tbl, 3anpell.[alOll.[l1e HbCJ.1\ OT- JleJJbHb!X l<aTeropti I1HOCTpaHHblX rpaJl(Jl3H, CHCTCMbl 6aJJJ1bHoro oroopa KaHJlI1J1aTOR Ha I1M,.mrpaLlI1IO 11 Tn); . I1MMI1rpaUl10HHal! nOJJI1TI1Ka 6a311pYCTCI! Ha norpeOHOCTIIX 3KO- HOMI1KI1 B pa604en CIVle. KOI-lTpOJIb '1I1CJleHHOCTI1 Bbe3)KalOlUl1X 11 CI1CTeMa I<BOT nOJIHOCTblO 3BBHCIIT or 3KOHOMI1'1eCKHX !JIaKTopoB, 1<0Topble OTOJlBHralOT rYMaHHTapHYIO Ml1rpalWllO Ha BTOpoii nJ1BH OnpenCJ1eHl1e ypOBHJI MMl1rpaUI1I1 3aDI1CI1T OT TeMnOD pa3BI1TI1J1 "JKOHOJ.II1KI1 - pOCTa BBIl 11 6e3pa60TI1Ub[; . npl1 Bb[pa6oTKe npl10pl1TeTHb[X 3a1lf1'1 I1MJ.lI1rpaUI10HHOii nOJlI1TI1- KI1 TI.l[aTeJlbHO BHaJ]3HpyTC.ll. cl1TyaWJJI He TOJ1bKO BHyTPH CTpa- HbJ, HO 11 B CTpaHIDI: "JMrpaUI1I1; . BOIlpOCbI I1MMrpaLlI10HHO nOJlI1TI1Kl1, KpOMe CWA, me OHI1 OTHOCJlTCI! K KOMneTeHUl111 qJenepaJJbHoro npaBI1TeJJbCTBa, B Ka- HaJle, IJ>pr 11 WBeLlI1 pelllalOTcH 4JenepaJJbHb[M UClirpOM D co- TPYJlHH'IeCTBe C MeCTHbIM oprattaMH BlJBCTI1, . MrpaU110HHoe 3aI<OHOllaTCJ1bCTDO J\I1HaMI14HO 113MeHlleTC.II. nyreM ItJ1IaHJI HOPMaTI1DHb[X npaDoDblx aKTOD. OTpa)f{alOll.[I1X rl16KOCTb I1MMI1rpaLll10HHOk nOJlI1TI1KI1 30 
1.3. Cp8BHIt1TenbHo-npaBoBoCi aH8111t13 MJ.1rpaLlJ.10HHoro 38KOH0A8TenbCTBa B pfl)J,e 3apy6e)l(Hbix CTp8H I1CTOpl1J1 pa3BHTHJI MrpaUl10HHoro 3aKOH0ll3TeJ1bCTBa carnreTCJ1b- CToyeT 0 TeHHeHUHI1 K KOHCOJ1I111f1LlI1I1 HOpM B tia30Bo1 3aKOH0ll3TCJ1b- HOM aKTe. OCH08HbI),! I1CT04HI1KOM MI1rpaLll10HHOrO JaKOHOll3Te.bCTBa B CWA, KaHMe, IJ>pr 11 WHewUl JlBJ1I1IOTCII 3aKOHbi 11 nOJJ.3flKOHHble HOP),!aTI1BHble npaBOBble al<Tbl, KOTopbIe J\onOJJHIlIOTCI! JlB}'CTOPOHHI1MI1 11 MHOfOCTOJlOHHI1MI1 ),!e)!(rocynapCTlJeHHblMI1 COrJlaweHI1J1M (II OCHOB- HOM no DonpocaM TPYJ\OBOi1 Ml1fpaUI1. 0 tie3DH30B),[X nOe3!!KaX 11 lIP), a TalCKe I1Hb!)'!11 Me)l(J\,.VHapOIlHb[MI1 HopMaTHBHb[M npaBODb[MI1 aKTa- M('j. Bce paCCMtlTpHBaeMble CTpaHbI npHCOeJlI1HI1J1HCb I< )l(eHeBCl<oti 1<0HBeHUHH 1951 r 0 CTal)'ce 6e}l(eHua 11 HblO-HopI<CKOM}' npoTOKOJIY 1967 r E IJ>pr 11 WlJeUH J\eMCTBYIOT HOP)'!b[ WCHrCHCI<X cornawe- HI1i1  lJ.y6J1I1HCK0i1 KOHBeHUI1 0 npaBe yOe>rnIUa 11 05paweHI1J1 C 6e- >KeHuaMI1 1990 r. WDeUI1J1 TalCKe JlBJ1.11eTC.II 'lJJeHOM perl10HaJ1bHOrO Ce- BepHoro COrnaWeHI1J1 1954 r. Ha 3aKOH0ll3TeJ1bHOM }'pOBHe onpeJleJ1eHbI ueJ1H 11 npl10p('jTeTHble HanpaBJJeH1I Ml1rpaU110HHoi1 nOJlI1Tl1l<11 D 3THX cTpaHax, '1TO 06JJef4acT C03113Hl1e Ci1CTeMb! nOlIJaKOHHblX HOpMaTI1BHblX npaBoBblx alITOB. IlpOpl1TeTbl Ml1rpaLl('joHHo nOJJ('jTI1KI1 TIlKOBbI cOJ\eCTBl1e 3KO- HOMH'IeCI<OM}' H J\eMorpmtJH'IeCI<OM}' pocl)', COUl1aJJbHOM}'  l<ynbTyp- HOMY pa31111TI1IO; BblnOJ1HeHe Me.JKJIYHapOlIHb[)( 061!3aTCJJbCTD no 110- npoca),! tieJKeHLleB, npe.n0cr3BJ1eHlfe y6e>Kl1wa HY;t(}1alOlliI1MCJI D HeM JlI1Llf1M; OTCyfCTBl1e J\I1CK)J)'!I1HaUI1I1, I1l1TerpaLlI1J1 Ml1rpaHTOB D 06we- CTBO, Me>KllYHapOlIHOe COTpYJ\HI1'leCTBO; npl1BJ1e'leHl1e BblCOKOKBaJlI14)!1- LlHpoBaHHblX CneLlHaJJCTOB, COJleHCTBl1e BOCCOeJlI1HeHl11O ceMeti. Ha('j60J1ee nOJlp06Ho ueJ1H I1M'-mrpaUl10HHoti nOJJTI1I<H JaKpenJ1e- Hbl fI 3al<OHOlWTeJJbCTBe Kmiallb[ TaK, B 3aKoHe 06 I1MMl1rpaLl1111 2002 r. BbIlleJl.lllOTCJI CJlellYlOWl1e ueJlI1: . I1JBJ1e'leHl1e J HMUlrpaLlI1I1 MaKCI1M}'Ma COLll1WlbHbIX, KynbTYP- HblX 11 :iI<OHOMIt4eCI<HX BblrOJ! JJ.JJII l<aHMCl<oro 06wecTM H pac- npeJleJ1eHl1e HX Me)l(j{Y BCe"m perl10HaM CTpaHbI, COTP}'J\HI1'leCT- BO C npOBI1HLlI1llMl1, . npellOTBpaweHIre np116b1TI1J1 D KaHany nLl, C031lalOWl1X yrp03Y 06wccTBeHHoii 6c30nacHoCTH; . nQ)]JIep}l(l<a pa3BHTI1I1 ToprOlmH, TYlwI3Ma, Me)l(Jl)'HapOJlHblX 06- MeHOB, K}'JlbTYPHOti, 06pa30flaTeJJbHoti H Ha}"JHoti lleJlTCJ1bHOCHI. 3aKoH 06 I1HOCTpaHuax IJ>pr OT 9 I1IOJJJI 1990 r BblllCJJIICT JlBC oc- HOBHb[e ueJlI1: cnoc06cTBoBaTb I1HTerpaUl111 npl16b1Bwl1x B cTpaHY I1HO- 31 
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JlH60 B paM""" COBMeCTHblX aKWJll 4>eJlepan:bHoro npaBKTeJ1bCTDa 11 npaBI:ITeJlbCTBa 3eMeJJb, a TalOKe Jll1ua, 4bl! BblCb[J1l<a OTcp04eHa; . 6e}l(eHUbi .u:e-tlJaI<TO - JIl!a, 3allHiJJlBWHe 3anpoc 0 npeaOCTaHiJe- HI1I1 nOJlKTI14eCI<OrO y6C>K!1llID (11J111 'Ibl1 3BnpOCb[ 6b[J111 OTKJlOHe- Hbl), HO DJlJI KOTopbIX DOJBpameHl1e Ha PO!!I1HY HeD03IO)l(HO no nOJ1HTI1'1eCI<I:IM H1IH rYMaHI1TapHblM co06pa}l(eHHflM[. nO),tItMO 6e}l(eHLleB H 3<lKOHOJ\aTeJlbCTB IJ>Pf I< l<aTerOpHH BbIHY}I(- J\eHHblX tltrpaHTOD OTHOCIITCI! 3THl1'IeCI<Hf HeMUbI (nepecCJJeHUbI). B COOTBeTCTDl111 C 3aKOHOM 06 113rHaHHbIX 11 6e>KeHlIaX 1953 r. I1MI1 JlB- JlJlIOTCI! Jll1lIa Hel>leUKof! HaUI10HaJJbHOCTI1, npl1HI1MaeMble Ha noceJle- Hlte H B rpa)l(JlaHCTBO, nOJIBeprWlteCJI B 1940-e rr H3rHaHitIO C PO!!HbIX 3eMeJ1b It npO}l(ItBaBWe J\O 8 Mall 1945 r. Ha TeppltToplJH 6b1BWI1X He- MeUKI1X BOCT04Hb[X 3eMeJJb 11J111 DHe repMaHI1I1. E 1950-1997 rr npa- BO),t Ha nepeCeJleHl1e DOCnOJJb30BanOCb 01<0110 3,7 MJIH 4eJJOBeK D oc- HOBHOI>I 113 nOJlbWI1. CCCP 11 Py),tb[HI1I1. nepeCeJIeHLlbl npI1KpenJ1IIOT- C>I I< onpeJleJ1eHHblM 3eM.II),t Ii CJIIDOT 31<3aMeH Ha 3HaHHe HeteUKoro 113b[Ka ewe.u:o B"beJJ13 B IJ>Pr. Do 1993 r. MI1rpaLll10HHOe 3al<OHOnaTeJJbCTBO repMaHl111 6b[JJO .u:oc- TaTO'lHO JIOI!JIbHblM B OTHoweHl111 miU HeMeLlKoro npOI1CXO)l(1!eHI1J1, I1Ll1Yllil1X y6e)l(l1wa. Ilpe!!CTaBKTeJ111 J\aHHof! KaTerOplf11 paCCMaTpIfDa- JlI1Cb l<aK penpeCCI1pODaHHble Jll1ua, KOTOpblM J\OJI>KHa OKaJblBaTbC>I no- MOllib Kal< >KeprBaM KOMMYHIfCTl1'IeCKOrO pe)l(I1Ma. DOK.13aTt'QbcTB co- oepweHHblX H OTHOWeHlt11 HI1X penpeCCHll He lpe60BaJJocb. rocy.u:apCTBo CTpeMI1J10Cb CO"ll\JTb MaKCI1MaJ1bHble YCJlOBI1J1 DJlJI 6blcTpetiwen I1HTe- rpaulJl1 3THlt4eCI<HX HeMueB B CBoe 06Ll1ecTHo. I1HTerpaLlHoHHaJl npo- rpaMMa BKlIlQ'laJJa B ce611 peWeHl1e >KMJlItLllHb!X np06JJeM, OKa3aHite COLlltRlIbHOti nQJJJ\ep}l(I<H 11 3<lLlIHTbl (BblJ\a'la noc0611ti It CCYJ\ Ha 06ycT- POtiCTBO, npe!!OCTaHiJeHlte H3JJorOBbiX JIbroT npl1 nOl<ynl<c H apeHlle npeJlnpltHTHti, a TaK}I(e KpeJlItTOB, JIbrOTHb!X CCYJI DJlII opraHlt3aLlHit pe- MCCJJeHHblX npOMb[CJ!Ofl); C03J1aJiI1e arpOnpOMb[WJ1eHHb[X npeJlnpl1l1TI1H 11 OCDOeHl1e Hepropd6urnHHb!X 3e),teJJb C ueJJblO 4>opMlfpoDaHI1I1 HODb[X pa60411x MCCT, BHC.n.pCHI1C nporpaMM no 06y4CHIfIO HCMCUI<OIY 113b[I<)', npo<J:>eccIfOHaJ1bHOH nOJ\rOTODKe If nepenoJ\roToBKe I1MMl1rpaHTOD Bce nporpa),tMb[ no npl1eMY Ml1rpaHTOD IPI1HaHClfpOBaJll1Cb 113 4Je!!epaJ1bHO- ro, MeCTHoro 61O.IDKeTOD 11 4>oHllOD LlepKBI1. C 1994 r. B COOTBeTCTBlf1f C HODb[M JaKOHOM 0 npl1eMe nepeCeJIeH- uea 3THI14eCKI1M HeMU3M CTan npeJlOCTaBJIIITbCJI cnrryc "n03J1HI1X nepc- CeJ1eHueB» npli 3TOM no HX peweH1O OCHOBHaJl pa60Ta B03JIaraJIacb Ha nOCOJ1bCTBa B CTpaHax BbleJ!!a. 6b[J1a DBe!!eHa rOJ\I1'IHa.ll KBOTa nplfe- Ma, yCMJleH nopJlllol< JlOKaJblBBHI1SI npl1Ha!lJ1e>KHOCTI1 K HeMeUKoH KYJlb- TYpe 11 Jl3b1KY, COl<pallieH 06"beM npeJlOCTaHiJlleMb[X rOCYJlapCTBeHHb[)( J)lumllli KBT"roP"""'-!O"'PBHHbIX6""'"HIII'BBr"pM3HH" MIO"X"H. 1996.C 12 42 
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flOCb ItMMHrpaHT:lM H3 EBponbl, no CYll.leCTBy nepeKpblBMI1Cb H03MO}l(- HOCTIf lIJIJI Bbt3Jl3 B CWA Bb[XO.l1uaM 113 A31111 B 1952 r B CCTeMY I<BOT 6),[J1 3aJIo;;<eH npl1HUl1n cTlfMynl1poDaI-II1J1 Bbe3.ua KBM4JIfUlfpO- BaHHbIX CneLllfaJJIfCTOD, I1HOCTpaHLleD C DblllfllOUlI1MI1CJI cnOCOOHOCTI!).m 11J11f pe.uKIfMIf npo4>ecclfIMI1 nyreM ycr....HOBJIeHIfJl BI130Bb[X KBOT I1MMltrpaLloHHblti 3al<OH 1996 r. BBen HOBylO CHcreMY I<BOT OTHOCItTCJ1bHO 06mero '1ItC)la 1t)'IMltrpaHTOB, a Tal<}I(e B1>e3>KaIOWItX Ha nOCTO>lHHOe MeCTO >Kl1TeJ1bCrna C LleJ1blO nOI1CKa pa60Tb[, 3aHJI- Tlfll TPYJ\OBOti ne>lTenbHOCTblO JlI160 pacml1peHI1J1 3THI1'1.eCI<Oro paJ- Ho06pa.JHJI. E KaH3JIC B 1967 r. HnepBb!e H HCTOpHIt MpOBOH ItMMl1rpaLlItOH- HOti nOJJTItI<H Ha'laJ1a .neticTBOBaTb 6aJJJ1bHaIl CItCTCMa omopa 1t)'IMH- rpaHTOD no .neBI!TI1 KPI1Tepl1Sl).l: oGpa30BaHI1e, npo4Jeccl1>1, I<Da.'Il1qJI1Ka- LlIfJl, OnblT pa60TbI, HaJ1I1'1.l1e .noroBopeHHOCTI1 0 pa60'teM MeCTe B Ka- Halle, neMorpaQ>H'IeCKl1ll 4Jal<Top (TeppHTOpHaJlbHbIH :lCneKT nOceJle- Hltll), B03paCT, 3HaHite aHrJlHtiCl<oro HJ11t qJpaHLlY3CI<oro 113b!I<OB, JlH'I- Hble Ka4eCTBa lliJi nOJJY4eHI1J1 craryca I1MMl1rpaHTB 113 MaI<CHMaJ1bHb[)( 100 6a.rrnoB HeOOXOlllfMO HaOpaTb He MeHee 70 nOMI1MO COOTBeTCTBIfJl I<pl1Tepl1>1M omopa ace I1MMlfrpaHTbI nOJl)KHbI 6b[Tb 31l0pOBb[ If He HMeTb yroJloHHoro npOWJ1oro. 41t:.11epa.rrbHblti MItHHCTp C CaHI<UI1 npeJIC!:.1IBTCJJII KopOJJeBCl<oro CODeTa BnpaBe nOllnl1CaTb COfJIaweHI1e C JlI060ii npOfll1HUlfeti 11 Onl1H pa3 B ro.u nyOJlI1KODan nepe4eHb neHCTB)lIOUlI1X cornaweHIfH. B H!'IX npenYCMaTpI1BaIOTC>I BonpOCbI OTGopa I1MMlfrpaHTOB, nopMOK nopY411- TeJlbCTBa 3a H('JX  npl106peTeHI1I1 cTaryca B COOTBeTCTBlt1t C J\eticrBYIO- WIfM B cTpaHe 3BKOHOM T aK}I(C MOryr perJlaMCHTHpOBaTbCJI BonpOCbl 411CJ1eHHOCTH, pacnpeneJJeHI1J1 11 paCCeJJeHI1SI I1MMl1rpaHTOD no reppl1TO- pl1lf KaHMb[, !'IX I1HTerpau 11 TpynoDoH 3aHJITOCTI1, pa3pa6oTKIf IfM- Ml1rpaLlIfOHHblX nporpaMM. lieJlb nOCJlellHX - JaKPenl1Tb I1HTepeCb[ npOIJHHUH(1 B 'taCTH npHBJle4eHH.II. MMHrpaHTOB Ha .uOJlrOCp04Hoe no- CeJJeHHe It pa6 0Ty i E IJ>Pf neHCTB)leT OCHODaHHaJl Ha 6a.rrJ1bHOH CIfCTeMe oueHOK MI1- rpaHTa npOrpaMMa «rplfH Kapn» lLfIJi nplfBJIe4eHI1J1 I<DaJlI1qJI1Ul1pOBaH- HOti pa604eti Cl1J1bl B OTpaCJ1If, CB>lJaHHbIe C paJBI1TlfeM IfHqJopMaLlI10H- HbJX TeXH0J10rl1ti B ee OCHOIJY nOiJO)KeH Te3ltC 0 np113HaHH IJ>pr CTpaHOH I1MMl1rpaU1111 C OTKPblTb!MI1 KBHaJlaMl1lLf1J1 nOCTOIIHHOH 11 Bpe- MeHHOH TPYJ\OBOH Ml1rpaUI1. Eia.rrnbHaI! CI1CTeMa npenYCMaTplfDaeT OT- 60p CneLlIfaJ1I1CTOB no Tal<l1M Kpl1TeplfJlM, Kal< BOJpacT, ypODeHb I<DaJll1- 4JI1KaUlfl1, np04JeCCl101-laJ1bHblj:j onblT, 3HaHI1e JlJblKa. JHE.AYKa3_pa6_Cj9 47 
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npaBO BblCblJ1aTb H3 CWA JJlO.lICti, JJ('JweHHbIX 1I03III000HOCTH CO.llCp}I(aTb ce611, B Teo,eHe Tpex neT nocJle B'be31la B crpaHY. 310T .>Ke 3al<OH H3.1le- JlI1J1 npeJl1JleHTa CWA npaBOM OTl<a3b18aTb BO B'bC311e OnpeIleJleHHblM rpynnaM I1HocrpaHLleB, eCJ111 I1X BbeJIl Mor }lX}lIlWI1Tb nOJlO)l(eHl1e Ha oowe!>! pblHl<e Tpyna Ha TaKOM OCHODaHl111 6blJJI1 BDeIleHb[ orpaHI1'Je- HI1.11 Ha D'be311 WlJI rpa)K!faH }lnOHI1I1, Kopel1 11 KI1TaJi B 1917 r B 04epeJiHOM pa3 nOnOJJHI1J1C.II cnl1COI< JJI1U, K01OPb[M 3a- npeWQfJCII fl"bC3.IJ. B CTpaHY K HM n06afll1J1I1Cb aJ1KOrOJlI1KI1 11 6pOJ\Slrl1, a T31<}I(e HerpaMOTHble JIIOJII1 B B03paCTe cTapwe 16 JleT B OTileT Ha aK- TIJBH3aLll11O «aHTHHHOCTpaHHoro» IlBIJ)I(eHII, pacnpocTpaHeHHJI npH3bl- BOB THn3 «AMCpHKa - WlJI aMepHl<aHLleB» 6b!JJ('J npHHIITbI (1918 H 1920 rr.) JaKOHbI, K010pble C0.>IlaJ111 npaB08}11O OCHOBY D..llJI npOBeJ\eHI1J1 nOJ1I1Lld1:cKI1X aKUl1n no 60pb6e C nO;:[I1Tl1lleCKI1M I1HaKOMb[CJ1l1eM B cpelle I1HOCTpaHLleB, HaXOlll!WI1XC.II B CWAI nepBb[M Hal160Jlee nOJlHblM 3aKOHOllflTe.%HbIM IlOiCYMeHTOM, pery- JlI1PYIOIUI1M BOnpOCb[ I1MMl1rpaul111 B CWA. cnul I1MMl1rpaUIJOHHb[n al<T 1952 r. (c nOCJlellYlOIUI1MI1 J\onOJlHeHI1J1MI1 11 113MeHeHI1J1MI1 1965 r., 1916 r., 1980 r.), 113BeCTHbiM KaK 3aKOH YOJITepa - Mal<l<apcHa. OH KO- lII14>HWJPOBaJJ oce QCHOBHb!e nOJlO}l(eHHJI HMMHrpaWJOHHoro 3aI<OHOID!- TeJJbCTBa, a TBl<}I(e onpeJleJlI1J1 TPIt l<aTCropl1 HOCTpaHLleB. fl"bC3JI)' 1<010- Pb[)( B CWA OTJ\aBaJJOCb oco60c npeJln04TCHHe. B nepBYIO KaTeropHIO BXQ.lJ,HJ1 CneLlltaJJHCTbI BblCOKOti I<Ba.'II14:>I1KaLlI1 (H3 HX lIOJJlO OTBOJlIt- J10Cb 50% KBOTbI, yCTaHOBJleHHOH D..IIH naHHoti crpaHbl). Bo BTopylO - pOlll1TeJJI1 aMepltKaHCKI1X rpa)l(!faH (30% IlJIIOC B113b1, He I1CnOJJb30BaHHble B nepBOM KaTeropltl1) B 1]JeTblO - cynpyrl1 11 Ilerl1 nOCTOJlHHblX >KI1Te- Jlei1 CWA (20 nJ1IOC DIJ3bI, He I1CnOJlb30BaHHble D nepDOM 11 BTOpOn KaTerOpItIlX) E 'Ie1Bepl)'lO - COCTOIIWl1e B 6paKe JleTI1 aMepl1KaHCKI1X rpa)K!faH, J\eTIt CTapwe 21 rOID! (25% DI13, He I1CnOJJb30BaHHblX BO Bcex npeJiblIlYumx KaTCropMJlx) Ellie 25% npeJlHa3Ha4aJ10Cb JJ('JuaM, He no- ndBWHM HM B OJlH}' H3 HaJBaHHblX rpynn 2 3TH HOBODBeJ\eHHII cyweCTDeHHO ('J3MeHeHItJl 3THH'IeCl<l1ti COCTaH MMrpaHTOB. Pe3KO BO:JPOCJJ3 J\OJJJI HHOCTpaHLleB 113 A311, A4JpHI<I1, l1a- TI1HCKOii AMepMKH 3a ClleT COKpameHH1 Il('JCJl3 MrpaHTOB eBponetiCI<O- ro npOl1c'\OJtUleHI1J1. K CepeIlI1He 1970-x fr. 'JI1CJ1eHHOCTb Ml1rpal-iTOB 113 CTpaH «TpeTbCro Ml1pa» npeB30lliJ1a 061.UY1O 'IItCJIeHHOCTb Ml1rpaHTOB 113 pa3B11TbiX CTpaH ECJlI1 B 1945-1967 rr. npl1TOI< Ml1rpaHTOB 113 A31111 COCTaBJJIIJI BCcro 3,9%, TO B 1972 r OH J\OCTl1r 19.1%. B TO >Ke Bpe)'IJI }lJ\C;IbHblM Bec ECJ1111<06p11TaHI1I1 COl<paTI1JJCII C 26,5% (1945-1967 rr) J\O 14,9% (1972 r.), a J\PYrl1x eBpOneMCKI1X crpaH COOTBCTCTBeHHO - C 55,9% no 27,1% JTaM)!(e C 24-26 1 TeN B.A l.btMl1rpall110Hl131l nOJlI1THKa CWA e XVII-XX DB KpaTKI1J! I1CTOpl1'Je- CKHii oepK M LlI1,,-"or-MrY. 1998 C 16 54 
3aKOHOM Xapra - CeiJJ1epa (1965 r.) YCTaHaBJJHBalOTCII OCHOBHble nyrl1 Ml1rpaUl111 II Crp3HY. BOCCOCJlI1HeHe CeMetr; TpYllOBa>l Ml1rp3UI1I1; fie>KeHUb[ 11 JlI1OO, I1LUYilll1e }6e>Kl1lua; Ml1rp3UI1J1 Mil nOlUlep>KaHI1J1 3T- HOKYJ1bTypHOrO paJHo06jXU11J1. EblJ1a BBe.n.eHa CI1CTeMa KBOT n..JI K3)1(- llOti 3 3THX KUeropHti. E 1976 r 6blJ1 npl1HJlT I1MMHrpaWJOHHblti 31<T, B 1978 r. cTaBwHti 3aKOHOM «06 I1MMl1rp3Ul1w> 1I.3HHbiM aKT yK33aJ1 Ha BOJpacTalOlllce 3Ha'JeHI1e npouecca nepeMellleHI1J1 6e)l(eHLleD 11 DnepDble onpe!!eJ1l1J1 cTaTyc 6e>KeHua nOMHMO Y}I(e cywecTBOImBwx l<arerOpl1H He3a1l11CI1- MblX HMMltrpaHTOB H «'IJ1eHOB ceMeti.. l . B KOHLle XX B MI1rpaUI10HHa>l nOJJI1Tl1l<a CWA fiblJ1a HanpaBJJeHa Ha lIaJ1bHeMlllee 3al<pellJleHI1e KaTerOpl1M Ml1rpaHToD. 60pbGy C HeJJe- raJIbHoJ:! Ml1rpaLll1eJ:!, paCWl1peHl1e nOJ1HOMO'[l1ti Ml1rpaLl110HHb[X 'I- HOHHHI<OB (B 'IaCTH O1"I<f13a B npHeMe MHrpaUl10HHbIX 3allBJIeHltti), a T31<)I(e ynpOllleH('Je npoueJlYP llcnOpTaUH('J OCHOBOti MJI pa3pa60TKH cOBpeMeHHoro I1MMI1rpaUl10HHOrO 3aKOHO!!aTeJJbCTDa CTpaHbI CTaJ1 3a- KOH OT 1990 r. B 3TOM llOKYMeHTe aKueHT 6bUl CJ\e.rraH Ha neraJIbHYIO «perYJ1J1pHYIO» Ml1rpaUl1IO. EbUia MOllepHI1JI1pOBaH3 11 paCWI1peH3 CI1C- TCMa npe<t>epeHLlHa;IbHblX 1<3TCropHti, BBeHbl HOBbie KaTerop M('J- rpaHTOB, CBIIJaHHble C TpyllOyc-IpOMCTBOM 11 C03llf1Hl1eJ.1 HOBbJX pa60- 'II1XMeCT B I1MMI1rpaLll10HHOM aKTe 1990 r. 6b[J10 'leTKO onpelleJIeHO KOJII1'1e- CTBO e>KerOJ\HO HbJJ\aBaeMbIX HM"'mrpaLlHOHHb!X BH3, ('J3MeHeHbJ npaUI1J\3 oroopa 11 npeJlOCT311J1eHHJI ('JMMHrp3UItOHHblX Bin J[('JuaM, HMelOUWlM npo<t>eCCI10HaJ1bHYIO nOllrOTODKY 11 Db[CWee 06paJOB3HI1e AKTOM npe- .nyCMarpI1BaJJOCb 1l0nOJIHI1TeJIbHOe OCHOBaHl1e DJI>I I1MMI1rp3Ul111 - Ilpo- rpaMMa pa.iHo06pmHoil HMMrpaLlHH, I1JIH MMl1rpaWJOHHall JIOTepeH. B COOTI\eTCTIII1I1 C Heti JHa'JI1TeJJbHoe KOJ1H'IeCTIJO 11113 Bblll3lJaJJOCb ItHO- crpaHHblM rpa)l(jjaHaM 113 CTpaH C HI13KI1M ypoBHeM I1MMl1rpaU1111 Ca,.\3 nporpaMMa Ha'laJIa JleMCTDOB3Tb C 1995 r. B 'JI1CJ1e npO'II1X 6blJ111 npellY- CMorpeHbl I<OJII14eCTBeHHbie OrpaHH'IeHJI Ha pa604e BHJbI DJI.II 8pe- MeHHb!X pa6OTHI1KoB-np04Jecc('JoHaJJoB l<areropHH H OT pa6OTomne- JleM lp..6oBan0Cb nO!!TBepJ£U\eHl1e Toro, 4TO J.apnJ1aTa I1HOCTP3HHb[X P3- 60THI1KOD He 6y.neT Hl1)1(e cpeIlHeM CTaBl<l1, npl1HJlTOM B OTpacJll1 EbUlI1 BHeceHbI 113MeHeHI1J1 D OTHOWeHl111 Hel1MMI1rpaLll10HHblX BI13 (B 'JacT- HOCTIt, CTY.IlCH'IeCl<oi1 BH3b1 F-I, BI13 lJ)IJI lIpeMeHHblx pa604HX H-2, lJ)IJI 6H3HecMeHOB H lIP.), HBC1leHbl HOBbie Hel1MMltrpaLll10HHbie Blt3bl lJ)IJI npeIlCTaBI1TeJ1ei1 peJ1l1rl103HblX OpraHI13aLll1M, pa3BJJeKaTeJJbHOrO 6113He- C3 11 cnopTCMeHOD!. JAfull/C_JlrJ!.Yu3.pa6.C 4l. 1 CM Pocr: J/. 3al(oI1 CWA Jl)IJI HOBblX HMMHI])aHTOB. KaK HMMHrplipOBaTb H >KHTbBCWA M. 1998 CS 55 
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61t16111t10rDaWW..lecKlllIiI CnlllCOK MClK1I,)'IIapoD,Hu-npaBOBbie HCT04HHKII. II l(OK)'MCHTbI I. ¥eT;lB OpraHHJaLlHH 061>e1lHl-leHHbIX Hamill OT 26 I1IOH.II 1945 r. II lleHCTB)'IOWee NC)KJl)'!iapO!!HOe npa.Bo B 3 T T. I I COCT IO.M. KOJIOCOB 11 :3 C. KpHIJl/I1K08a. M.: MHHMn, 1996. 2. Bee06wal! neKJIapaUl111 npaD 'IeJlOBeKa OT 10 neKa6p.ll 1945 r. II lleticTB)'lOllIee !IIeJlU{VHBpO!!Hoe npaBO. B 3 T. T 2 I COCT. IO.M. KOJIOCOD 11 :3 C. KpI1INI1KODa. M.: MHHMIl, 1997. 3. MeJIUIYHapOJlHb!ti nal<T 06 31<0HOMH'IeCI<I1X, COlll1aJ1bHbiX  I<YJlb- TYpHblX "pallax OT US nel<a6pJI 1996 r. II lleticTBylOllIec Me}!(1lyHa- pOliHOC npaBo B 3 T T 2 I COCT 10 M KOJIOCOB 11 3.C KpI1B4HI<OBa. M.. MHHMn. 1997 4 MeJK1lYHapollHbI£i naKT 0 rpaJK1laHCKItX 11 nO;'JI1TI14eeKItX npaBax OT 16 neKa6p.ll 1966 r II lletiCTB}'lOwee !IIeJKJI}'HapOJIHoe "paBO B J T T 2 I COCT. IO.M KO.OCOB 11 3.C. KpI1B<[I1KOBa. M.: MHHMIl, 1997. 5. Me}!(1lyHapOliHal! KOHBeHLlI1ll 0 nl1KDI11IaUl111 Bcex 4JopM pacoBoR 1lI1CKp"MI1HaW111 OT 7 MapTa 1966 r II Me.:KIJ.YHapOJIHoe npaBO B nOK)'MeHTaX I COCT. H.T I)JJaTOBa. M.. IOpl11l.1II1T., 1982. 6. KOHBeHUI111 0 JlI1I<DI1J1aLlI1I1 Deex 4JOPM 1II1CKPI1MI1HaUI111 B OTHOlUe- HI1I1 >KeHWI1H OT IR nCKa6p.ll 1979 r. II Me.:KIJ.YHapOJIHOe npaBO B nOKYMeHTax I COCT. H.T. I)JJaTOBa M.: 1Op11Jl. nl1T., 1982 7. MeJIUIYHapoliHaJI KOHBCHUI1I1 "POTI1B nblTOK 11 npyrl1x >KCCTOKI1X, 6ee'le11ooe'lHblX 1111 )'HI1}1(aIOIl\HX nOCTOI1HCTBO 8111l0B 06paweHH1 11 HaKa3aHI1n OT 10 nel<a6pl! 1984 r. II C60pHI11< MeJK1lYHapO!!Hb[X "paBOBbIX AOKYMeHTOB, perylIl1pylOWHX BonpOCbI MHrpaLl11 M' MOM. 1994. 8. BeHCl<all 1<0HBeHLll111 0 npaoe ,-,eJK1lYH3poJlHbIX J\orOBopOB OT 23 Man 1969 r. II lletiCTB)'IOWee Me>KllYHapoilHoe npallo. B 3 T. T. II CoeT. 10 M KOJIOCOB 11 :3.C. Kpl1lNl1KODa M' MHHMIl. 1996 9. KOHBeHUI1H 0 CTaryee 6e)KCHUeB OT 28 11101111 1951 r. II lletiCTBYIO- wee Me.:KlJ.)'HapOliHoe npaBO. B 3 T. T 1 I COCT 10 M KOJIOCOB 11 3.C KpI1IJ'IHI<OBa. M.' MHHMn, 1996 10. npOTOKO;I, KacalOWI1Rc.II CTaT}'Ca 6e)KeHueD, OT 31 IIHBap.ll 1967 r. I COCT.IO M K0J10COB H 3C. KpI1B'IKOBa. M.' MHI-1Mn, 1996 II. MeJK1lYHapOllHa.ll KOHBeHUl111 0 3all\I1Te npaB a.-ex TPYIDIWI1XCI!- Ml1rpa.HTOD 11 4JJeHOB I1X ceMe}i OT IR Jlel<a6pll 1990 r II C60pHI11< !IIeJIU{)'HapOaHblX npaBOBblX JlOI<YMeHTOB, peryJlHpylOllIltX BonpOCbl Ml1rpaUI1I1. M.: MeJK1l)'HapO!!Han OpraHI1J.aUI111 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994 12. KOHBeHLll1n MOT N> 1820 3anpellleHI111 H Hf:MeJI.IJeHHbIX Mepax no I1CI<OpeHeHl11O Hal1XYAw11x 4JOP'-1 neTCKoro Tpyna OT 17 I1IOHn 116 
1999 r. /I C60pHI11< Me))(J],)'HapOJlHbIX npaBOBblX J\OKYMeHTOIJ, pery- Rl1PYlOilll1X DOnpOCb[ il1rpaLlI1I1. M Me)l(J()'HapOllHaII opraHl1JaLlI1.11 no "UlrpaUHI1, 1994 13. KOHBeHLlI1Jl MOT NQ 179 0 Hal1Me 11 TpynoycT))OtlcTBe MOp.llKOB OT 22 OKTH6pll 1996 r II C60pHl11< MeJIUIYHapOllHb!X npaRORblX JlOI<Y- MeHTOB, perYJlHpylOll.[HX BonpOCbl MHrpaWJH. M.. Me))(J],)'HapoJlHiJn OpraH113alll1Jl no Ml1rpaLll1l1, 1994. 14. KOHBeHW'In MOT N 163 0 COUItMbHO-6bITOBO!\.t 06cJ\Y}I(HBaHHI1 MOpl!KOD D nopTY 11 Ha Mope OT 8 oKTn6pn 1987 r II C60pHI1K Me- JIUIYHapOllHblX npaOOBblX J\OI<YMeHTOR, peryJIl1pYIOWI1X RonpOCb[ MI1- rpaLlI1I1. M.: Me)l(J]yHiJpOllHiJlI OpraHl13aLll1J1 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994. IS. KOHBeHUl111 MOT NQ 16206 oxpaHe Tpyn.a 11 I1CnOJ1bJOBaHI1I1 ac5e- CTa OT 24 HIOHII 1886 r. /I C60pHK Me))(1lyHapollHblX npaBOHbJX 1l0- KYMeHToD. perYJll1pylOlU11X BOnpOCbI Ml1rpaUl111 M. Me)K!f)'HapOll- HB.II opraH('j3aLlIt.ll no MrpaLlI1I1, 1994. 16. KOHBeHUI1.11 MOT NQ 160 0 CTaTItCTI1Ke TPyna OT 25 I1IOHII 1985 r.// C60pHI11< MeJIUIYHapOJIHblX npaBOBbIX J\O""Y'IeHTOB, peryJI('jpylOll.[HX BOnpOCb! Ml1rpaLlI1I1. M.: Me)!;Jl)'Hapo!!Ha.ll opraHl13iJUI1.11 no Ml1rpa- Lll111,1994 17. KOHBeHLlHH MOT Ni> 159 0 npO<PeCCI10H3JJbHOH pea6('jJJ('jT<JlUil1 H 3aH.IITOCTI1 l1HBMI11l0B OT 20 I1IOHII 1983 r. II C60pHI1K Me)l(J()'Ha- pOJlHbIX npaBODbIX .u:OKYMeHTOB. peryJlHpylOlUHX BonpOCbl Mrpa- LlI1I1. M.. Me>K!l..VHapOllHa.ll OpraHl13aUI1.11 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994. 18. KOHBeHUl111 MOT NQ 1560 paaHOM 06paweHH 11 paBHb[)( a03MO»;- HOCTIIX WJII TpyJUlWHXCII MY}I('IHH H }KHWItH OT 23 mOHII 1981 r. /I C6opHI1K MeJIUIYHapOJIHb[X npaBOBblX J\OI<Y\ICHTOa, peryJIl1pylOWI1X BOnpOCb! MrpaLlI1I1. M.. Me)l(..!\YHapO!!HaIl opraHH3aW1n no Mrpa- Lll111,1994 19. KOHaeHUl111 MOT NQ 155 0 6e30naCHOCTit 11 rltrl1eHe Tpy!la OT 22 I1IOHII 1981 r./1 C6opHI11< Me)l(J]yHapOllHb[X npaBOBb!X nOKYMeH- TOB, pcrynl1pylOlllltX BOnpOCb[ Ml1rpaUl111 M MC;KJIYHapOllH:JJI op- raHH.lal[H1 no Ml1rpaLlI1H, 1994. 20. KOHBeHUI111 MOT NQ 1520 TeXHI1Ke 6e:!OnacHocTIt 11 rl1rl1eHe TPy.u:a Ha nopTOBbJX pa60TaX OT 25 I1IOHn 1979 r. /I C6opH('jK Me)l(J]yHa- pOllHblX npaBOBbiX .u:OKYMeHTOB, perYJll1pylOlUl1X DOnpOCb[ Ml1rpa- LlHH M. MeJKJI)'lIapO!!HaIl opraHI13aUI1I1 no MI1rp3Ul1H, 1994. 21. KOHBeHLlI1Jl MOT NQ 1500 perynl1pOB3HI111 DonpocoB Tpy.u:a 11 }KI1J- HI1 CeCTpl1HCKOrO nepCOHaJ1a OT 21 I1IOHII 1917 r II C60pHI11< Me)K- .r:LYHapOJIHbIX npaBoHblx .u:OKYMeHTOB, perYJIHpylOll.[HX BOnpOCbI MH- rpalll1l1. M : Me)l(J]yHapOLIHal! OpraHl13aLlI111 no Ml1rpaLll1l1, 1994. 22. KOHBeHLl1I MOT NQ 148 0 3aWl1Te TpyWllUl1XCII OT []p04Jecc0- HaJ1bHOrO pl1CKiJ, Db[JblBaeMoro Jarpl!3HeHI1JIMl1 B01l1Y'fl, WYMOM 11 BI16paUl1dj Ha pa6O'1('jx MeCT3X, OT 20 I1IOHSI 1976 r II C60pHI11< 117 
IIIc:JIU{yHapOaHblX npaBOBblX J\OI<YMeHTOB. peryJ1HpylOllIltX BOnpOCbl Ml1rpaUI1I1. M.: Me)KJlyHapO!!Ha.ll OpraHI13aUI111 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994. 23. KOHBeHUl111 MOT N 142 0 np04JeCCl10HaJ1bHoti opl1eHTaU(l11 11 npo4>eccI10HaJ1bHOR nOJ\rOTOBl<e D 06J\2cTI1 paJBI1TI1.11 mOllCl<l1X pe- CypC050T 23 I1IOHII 1975 r.// C60pHI11< MeJIUIYHapOJlHbIX npaRORblX J\OKYMeHTOB, perYlIl1pylOll.[I1X BonpOCbI M(lrpaUHI1. M.. Me)({JIYHa- pOllHB.II OpraHl13aLlI1.11 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994. 24. KOHBCHLlI1I1 MOT.N> 1380 M(lHHM3JlbHOM B03pacTe WIll npeMEI HZ pa60ry OT 20 I1IOHII 1973 r // C60pHI1K Me)KJlyHapOllHb!X npaDOB],[X !!O"-yMeHTOB, perylIl1pylOWJ1X DOnpOCb! Ml1rpaUI1I1. M' MC)({JIYHa- pOllHaJl OpraHl13aLlI1.11 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994. 25. KOHDeHul1J1 MOT N 137 0 COLll1aJJbHb[)( nOCJJe!!CTDI1J1X HOBblX Me- TOliOB 06pa60TKII rpy.lOB B nopmx OT 25 I1IOHII 1973 r. /I C60pHHK ue>KllYHapOllHb[X npaBODb[X J\oKYMeHToB, peryJll1pYlOllIl1X DOnpOCb[ II.lI1rpaUHI1. M.: Me)l(..!\YHapO!!Hall opraHH3aWJII no Ml1rpaUHH, 1994 26. KOHDeHUI1.11 MOT N 134 0 npellynpe)l(..!\eHl111 np0I13DOJ\CTBeHHb[)( HeC4BCTHbiX CJJY4BeB cpeal1 MOpJlI<OB OT ]0 OKm6pll 1910 r // C60pHI1K Me)l(J1yHapOllHb[X npaBOBb!X lIOl<y).!el-lTOD, perYlIl1pYIOll.[I1X BOnpOCb! MrpaUI1I1 M' Me)l(..!\YHapO!!HaIl OpraHl13aUI1J1 no Ml1rpa- LlI1H,1994. 27. KOHBeHUI111 MOT N 133 0 nOMell.[eHI1JIX WIll 31<I1naJKa Ha 6opT)' CYllOB (J\OnOJ1HHTe.:JbHble nOJJO}l(eHI1I1) OT 30 OKTII6p>l 1910 r. /I C60pHI1K Me)l(J1yHapOllHb[X npaBOBb!X lIOl<y).!eHToB, perYlIl1pYIOll.[I1X BonpOCb! MrpaUI1I1 M.' MeJIUIYHapO!!HaIl opraHI13aUHII no Ml1rpa- LlHH,1994. 28. KOHBeHW111 MOT .N> 126 0 nOMeweHI1\}\ WIll ;:tKl1rnuKa Ha 6opT)' pb160J10BHb1X CYJ\OB or 21 HIOHII 1966 r /I C60pHI11< Me)({JIYHapOJl- Hb!X npaBODb[X J\OKYMeHTOB, perylIl1pylOWI1X BOnpOCb[ Ml1rpaUl1l1 M' Me)l(J1yHapO!!Hall OpraHl13aW111 no J.ll1rpaW1I1, 1994. 29. KOHBeHWJ.II MOT .N> 123 0 MI1HI1).!aJ1bHOM BOJpaCTe 1I0nycKa Ha nOmeMHb[e pa60TbI B W3'ffiIX  pynHI1KaX OT 23 I1IOHII 1965 r // C60pHHI< Me)l(J1yHZpO!lHbIX npaBOBbIX 1I0"Y'leHTOB, perYlIl1pylOll.[HX BOnpOCb! Ml1rpaLlI1I1. M.: Me)KJlyHapOllHaJl opraHl13aUI1J1 no Ml1rpa- LlHH,I994 30. KOHBeHUl111 MOT Ne 122 0 nOJ1I1TI1Ke B 06JJacTI1 3aHIITOCTI1 OT 9 HIOJ111 1964 r 1/ C60pHK MeJIUIYHapOJlHblX npaBOBblX J\OI<YMeH- TOB, perYlIl1pYIOll.[I1X DOnpOCb[ Ml1rpaUI1I1. M. Me)KJlyHapOllHa>l op- raH113aLlI111 nO)'lI1rpaLlI1I1, 1994 31. KOHBeHLllt>l MOT N2 1200 fI1f11eHe 1pyll2 B ToproBJ1e H Y4pe)l(..!\e- HI1JIX OT 8 I1JOJ111 1964 r. // C60pHI11< Me)l(J1yHapOllHb[X npaDODb[X J!OKYMeHTOB, perYlIl1pYIOll.[HX BOnpOCb! M(lrpaLlI1I1. M.. MeJKJJ.YHa- pOllH2>1 opraHl13aLlI1.11 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994. 32. KOHBeHUl111 MOT N 119 0 cHa6:f1;eHI111 MaWHH 3aWitTHbIMI1 npl1- cnoc06J\eHI1I1MI1 OT 25 I1IOHII 1963 r. // C60pl-ll1K Me)l(JlyHapOllHb[)( 118 
npaBOBbIX .Il0KYMCHTOB, peryJll1pylOll.[HX HonpOCbI MHrpaLl11 M Me;t(ll)'HapOIlHal! OpraHl13aUI111 no ).iI1rpaUI1I1, 1994 33. KOHBeHUl111 MOT Ne 115 0 3all.[lTe TPY.llIIll.[ItXCII OT HOHI13HpylOweti pa1ll1aLll111 OT 22 I11OH.II 1960 r. /1 C60pHI1K Me;t(ll)'HapO.llHblX npaDO- RblX .Il0K}'NCHTOR, peryJUlpylOll.[I1X RonpOCbI Ml1rpaWJI1 M' MeJIUIY- HapOaHa!l OpraH113U.[I1II no },tI1rpflUl1H, 1994 34. KOHBeHUl1n MOT N!! 113 0 Me!!I1WIHCI<OM OCMOTpe pbl6aKoB OT 19 HIOHII 1959 r. /I C60pHHK Me)l(Jl,)'HElpOJIHblX npaBOBblX .Il0I<YMeH- TOB, perynl1pylOlUHx DOnpOCb[ Ml1rpaUl111 M Me;t(ll)'HapOliHaH op- raH113aUI1S1 no ).tI1rpaUHI1, 1994 35. KOHBeHuml MOT N!! 1120 Ml1I-1I1MaJ1bHOM BOJpaCTe DJ11 npI1HIITI1.11 Ha pa60ry pbl6al<OB OT 19 I1IOHII 1959 r.i/ C6opHl1K MCJK1IYHapOll- HblX npaHOBblX D.OKYMeHTOB, perynl1pylOWHX BonpOCbl MHrpaLlHI1. M: MC)I(J\,.VHapO!!HaII OpraHl13aUI111 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994 36. KOHBeHUI1I1 MOT Ne III OTHOCItTeJJbHO .IlHCKpl1MI1HaUHH B 06JJacTH Tpyn.a 11 3HaHI1R OT 25 I1IOHII 1958 r. /1 C6opHI1K Me;t(ll)'HapOIlHb[)( npaBOBblX .Il0KYMCHTOB, pery.'1I1(JyIOll.[I1X BonpocbI MHrpaLl11 M Me;t(ll)'HapO.llHaII OpraHI1JaLlI111 no ).tI1rpaUI1I1, 1994 37. KOHBeHUI111 MOT N!! 106 0 e>KeHClIC;IbHO},1 OTllb[Xe B TOprOBJIe 11 Y4peJlUleHIIX OT 26 HIOHII 1957 r. /I C60pHI11< Me)l(Jl,)'HapOaHblx npaBOBb!X JloK)'MeI-iTOB, perynl1pylOlUl1X BOnpOCb! Ml1rpaUHI1 M.: Me;t(ll)'ffiipOJIH311 OpraHI13aUHII nO ).tI1rpaUHI1, 1994. 38. KOl-ifleHUH.II MOT N!! 105 06 ynpa.!llHeHI1I1 npl1HyllHTeJlbHoro Tpyna OT 25 I1IOHII 1957 r /1 C60pHI11< MCJIUIYHapOJlHbJX npaBOflblx .uol<y- MeHTOB, perYJlHpylOll.[HX Bonpocbl MHrpaUHH. M.. Me)l(Jl,)'HapoJlH3n opraH3aUI1S1 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994 39. KOHBeHLlHII MOT Ne 95 OTHOCHTJ1bHO 3allll1Tbi 3apa50THoii nJ1anl OT Il1lOJJn 1949 r 1/ C6opHI11< Me)l(Jl,)'HapOllHb[X npaflOBb[X nOKYMeH- TOB, perynl1pylOllIHX BOnpOCb[ Ml1rpaUl111 M. Me)l(Jl,)'HapOJlH35I op- raHI131LlIUI no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994. 40. KOHBCHUI111 MOT Ne 81 06 I1HCnel<Ul111 Tpyna B npOMb[llInCHHOCTI1 11 TOprOlJJIe OT II 111OJ11 1947 r. /I C60pHI11< Me}l(.i!)'HapOD.HbIX npa- fIODb[X nOKYMeHToB, perynl1pylOlUl1X BonpocbI Ml1rpaLll111 M.' MC)I(- l1)'HapO!!Hall opraHI13aUHII no Ml1rpaLlHH, 1994 41. KOHBeHul1JI MOT N!! 118 0 paBHonpaBl111 rpa)l(D.aH CTpaHb[ 11 I1HO- CTpaHLleB 11 JILl 6e3 rpaJlUlaHCTDa B 06JJ3cTH COUH3JJbHOro 06ecne- 'JeHI1JI OT 28 I1IOHII 1962 r. /1 C60pHI11< Me;t(ll)'HapOllHblX npaDODb[X JlOKYMeHTOB, perynl1pylO!IU1x BOnpOCb! Ml1rpaUI1I1. M' MeJK1lYHa- pO.llHa.ll opraHH3aLl('j.ll no MHrpaUH('j. 1994. 42. KOHBeHUl111 MOT N!! 1430 3JJoynoTpe5J1eHI1JIX D Ofu!acTI1 Ml1rpaLll111 H 06 06ecnc.,eHI1l'J TpyJUlll.[l1MC.II-Ml1rpaHTaM paDeHcTBa BOJMO}l(HO- CTeti 11 06p3lUeHli.ll OT 24 I1IOHII 1975 r. 1/ C60pHI1K MeJ£U\YHapOll- Hb[X npaaoablx lIOI<YMeHToa, perynl1pYlOlUHX BonpOCb[ Ml1rpaUl111 M.: Me)l(J\,.\lHapOllH35I OpraHl13aUI111 no Ml1rp3UI1I1. 1994. 119 
43. PeKOMeHJ\aLlItIt MOT NQ 86 0 TPYllHll.[HXCH-MHrpaHT[lX OT I HIOJlH 1949 r. II C60pHI1K Me)t(1lJHapOllHblX npallODb[X n.oKYleHTOD, pery- JlHPYIOll.[HX BonpOCbl MrpaUItIt. M : MCJ£U\YHapoaHall opraH3aUItIl no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994 44. Pel<OMeHllaUItJl MOT NQ 151 0 TPY.llIllID1XCII-MHrpaHHlx OT 24 I1IOHII 1975 r. II C60pHltl< Me)t(1lJHapOJlHbIX npaBoBblx lIoKY'>teHTOB, pery- JlI1PYIOll.[I1X Donpocbl MHrpaUI1I1. M . Me)l(J()'HapOllHal! opraHH3aUI1n no "tI1rpaUHIt, 1994 45. YCTaD Me)t(1lJHapOliHow OpraHI1JaUl111 no .neJ1aM 6e>KeHueB OT IS .ne- Ka6pn 1946 r II f.'i!6U11-flL" fe CTaTYc 6e»;eHua B '>te>KD.YHapOJl- HOM npaBe. M.: IOHI1TI1, 1997. 46. YCTaB ynpaBJJeHHII BepxoBHoro KOMI1CCapa OpraHI13aUHH 06be.nl1- HeHHblX HauHI1 no .neJ13M 6e>KeHLleB OT 14 D.eKa6pH 1950 r. II fyrJ- 6UH-fwVJ f C. CTaTYC 6e>KeHLW D Me)K!lyHapO!!HOM npaBe M.: IOHI1TI1, 1991. 47. KOHCTI1l)'LlI1I1 Me)K!lyHapO!!HOil OpraHI13aUI1H no MHrpaU1111 OT 20 Mall 1987 r II fyrJ6UH-fu./I r.e Cmryc 6e}l(eHlUI B Me>KD.YHa- pOliHOM npaBe. M: IOHI1TI1, 1991 48. Alepl1KaHCKal! KOHBeHUl111 0 npaBax 4eJJOBeKa 1969 r II fyrJ6UI/- fU,L1 r.c. Cmryc 6e}l(eHUa H MCJIUIyHiqX)J\HOM npaBe. M.. IOHI1TI1, 1997. 49. A4JpHKaHcKall xapTHII npaB 'IeJJOBeI<3  HapOJlOB 1981 r. II f.'i!6UH- fu,L-J r.c. CTa'ryc 6e)KeHua II Me)K!lyHapOl!HOM npaDe. M. IOHI1TI1, 1991. 50. KOHBeHUl111 no 1<0HKpeTHbiM acneKTaM np06J1eM 6e)f{eHUeB B A<!>PH- Ke OT 1969 r II I)YJeuH-fILU fe CTal)'c 6e)f{eHua II t.leJKlIYHapOJl- HOM npaBe. M.. IOHI1TI1, 1997. 51. KapTaXeHCl<al! D.eKJIapaUItJI 0 6e>KeHuax 1984 r. II f.IOOuH-flU..l r.c. C1m)"c 6e}l(eHU3 B apol!HO\I npaBe M.. IOHI1TI1, 1997 52. YCTaB COEeTiI EBPOnb[ OT 5 MaH 1949 r. II LleticTBylOlUee Me)K!lyHa- pOliHoe npaBo B 3 T T 1 I COCT. 10 M KOJIOCOB 11 3.C. KpHB'lHKOEI\. M.. MHI1Mn, 1996 53. KOHBeHUI1.11 0 Jall.[l1Te npaJI 'leJ10BeKa 11 OCHOBHb[X cB060J\ OT 4 HO- 116pn 1950 r II LleiicTB}'IOwee M'IpO!!Hoe npaBO. E ] T. T. 1 I CocT.1O M KOJIOCOB 113C Kpl1D4HKOBa M.' MHI1Mn, 1997. 54. npOTOI<OJ1 N94 K KOHBeHUHIt 0 aall.[HTe npaD 'IeJJOBeKa It OCHODHblX cB06o.n OT 16 ceHTI!6pl! 1963 r. II LleilCTBYIOll.[ee Me)K!lyHapOliHOe npaBO. E 3 T T 2 I COCT. IO.M KOJIOCOB 11 .3 C Kpl1B411KOBa M' MHI1Mn, 1997. 55. 3aKJIlO411TeJJbHblW aKT COBell.[aHl1n no 6e30nacHocTI1 11 COTpyHHI1'le- CTBY H EBpone OT I 3BrYCTa 1975 r. II C60pHHK Me)K!lyHapoaHblx npaBoBblx HOKYMeHToB. perynl1pylOlUl1X BonpocbI Ml1rpaUl111 M.. Me.JKL!YHapOllHall opraHlt3aUI111 no "UJrpaUI1I1, 1994. 120 
56. EBponei1Cl<all COLlHaJJbHall xapWHI OT 18 0l<HI6pH 1961 r. II C60p- HI1K MeJK11YHap011Hb[X npaDOBblX 1l0KYMeHTOB, pel)'nl1pylOLl.!MX BO- npOCbJ MltrpaWJ M. Me>K.!lYHapOJIHaH opraHH3aU1I no Mltrpau, 1994. 57. floroROp 06 Y4pe>K.!leHHH EBpondicl<oro 3KOHOMWJeCKoro co06we- CTBa OT 25 MapTa 1957 r. II Xupl11flU T K. OCHOBbl npaBa EBponeti- cl<oro coofjLUecTBa M' IOHI1TI1, 1998 58. KOHCTrI1}'LII1H rocYJJ.HpCTB EBponbl. B 3 r. I 110Jl 06ll!. pell. J1 J1. OKYHbI<OBO M, 2001. 59. floroBop 0 EBpOneiicl<OM COlO3e OT 7 Dpa.rlJl 1992 r. II Xopm- J/U T.K. OCHOBb[ npaB EBPOnei1cKOf<\ co06ll!ecTBa. M.: IOHI1TI1, 1998. 60. KOHlJeHLlrIH, onpe!!eJlHwwaJI rocynap<:TBO, OTBeTCTBt'HHOe 3a pac- CMorpeHl1e 3al!BJleHI1ii 0 npe!!OCTaB..'JeHI1I1 yOe>KHwa, n011aHHbIX B OJIHOM H3 rOCYllapCTB - 'IneHOD ElJponei1cl<oro coo6wecTBB, OT IS I1IOHII 1990 r. II C60pHI11< Me>K1lYHapOl!HbIX npaDOlJbIX 1l0KYMeH- TOB, perynltpylOll!ItX BonpOCbl MltrpaWJH M' Me)f{,!\YtilipOJ\HBI! op- raHI1JaUl111 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994 61. PernaMcHT CODeTa N9 1612/68 0 cB06011HOM nepel!BI1>KCHI1I1 Tpynl!- WHXCH BHYTPH C0061l1eCTBfI or 15 OI<TH6pH 1968 r. II IlpaBo EBpO- nei1cKoro COI03a: npaBOBoe pel)'nl1pOBaHl1e ToprOBoro 060poTa. M 3epuarro, 1999. 62. f'ernaMeHT (CEE) N91251/70 KOMI1CCI1I1 0 npaBe pa60THl1l<oB- MltrpaHTOD ()C"J'3TbCJI Ha Teppl1TOprIH rocYll3pCTJIa-4JJeHa IJOCJ\e 3a- HepweHHII pa60TbI B :nOM rOCYllapCTBe OT 29 HIOHII 1970 r. II I1pa- BO EflponeiicKoro COI03a' npaBOfloe pel)'nl1pODaHl1e ToproBoro 060- pom. M. 3epLlaJ1o, 1999. 63. Perna).leHT COBera M 1408/71 0 npl1MeHeHl111 pe>KI1MOD COUI1aJ1bHO- ro 06ecne4eHI1IJ pa60THI1KoB 11 I1X CtMeti, nepeMewalOWI1XCIi Ha Teppl1TOpl111 EBponei1cKOro coo6weCTBa, OT 14 I1lOml 1971 r. II IlpaBO EBponecl<oro COI03a' npaBOBoe perYJll1pOBaHHe ToprOBoro 06opOTa. M.: 3epuarro, 1999. 64. 1I.I1pel<TI1Ba COBeru N968/360 05 OTMeHe orpaHI14eHI1n Ha nepe- l!Bl1>KeHHe  npe6bIHBHHe Tpy1lnIlU1XCII, IIBJJJlIOIlU1XCH rpBJKJIBHaMIt rocynapcTB - 'IneHOB CoofjwecTBfI, 11 'IneHOB I1X ceMe B npe!!eJlax CoofjllleCTBa OT 150KTH6pll 1968 r. II I1paBO EBponeticl<oro COI033: npaBOBOe pel)'nl1pOBaHHe roproBoro 000p0TIl I 11M pel!. B B. EeJ6:.1xa. M' 3epLla.rlo, 1999 65. flHpel<TI1Ba COBCTa M 77/486 06 06pnoBaHI1H 1leTefi pa60THH1<0B- '-iI1rpaHTOB or 25 I1IOJJJI 1977 r. II IlpaDo EBponeiicl<oro COI03a' npaBoBoe perylI('jpOBaHHe TOproBOro 060pm-a I 11M peJi. B.B Ee36ay.. M.: 3epuBJio, 1999. 66. COrJlaweHHe MtJ£U\Y npaRI1TtJJbCTBBM rOcyJlapCTR 3KOHOMI1'1eCKoro COIOJa EeHI1J1IOKC, lJ>eJ\epaTI1BHOn Pecny6J1I1KI1 repMaHI1H 11 IJ>paH- 121 
LlY3CI<Oti Pecny6J1KH 06 OTMeHe KOHrpOJl}l Ha 06wHx rpaHm.[ax OT 14 I1IOHII 1985 r. II C60pHI11< Me)l(J!yHapOllHbIX npaBoBbIx nOKYMeH- TOB, perYJlltpylOWIfX Bonpocbl MltrpaWJH M: MeJ£U\YHap01lH31! op- raHI1JaUl111 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994 67. KOH(leHUI1I1 0 npitMeHeHH WeHreHCl<oro corJlaweHHJI OT 14 ItIOJln 1985 r. MeJKJIY npaBHTJJbCTBaMH roCYJJ.3PCTB 31<0HOMit'lecI<oro COIO- 3a EeHJlIOKC, lJ>eJ\epaTI1BHOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 repMaHl111 11 IJ>paHuY3- Cl<oti Pecny6J1HI<It 0 nOCTeneHHoti OTMeHe 1<0HTp0J111 HB 06wltx rpa- HI1LlaX OT 19 I1IOHII 1990 r II C60pHI11< Me)K!lYHapOllHblX npaDODb[X noI-."}'MeHTOB, peryJIl1pylOWI1X BonpOCb! Ml1rpaUItIt. M' MC)K!IYHa- pOllHaJl OpraHI1JaUI1.11 no Ml1rpaUl1l1, 1994. 68. YCTaDC l-IeJaDI1CI1Mb[X rOcynaIXTBOT22J1HBapJl 1993 r. II LleiiCTIJylOwee Me}l(J],yHapO.D.HOe npfiBO. B 3 T. T. I I CoeT. 10 M. KOJIOCOD  3 C. Kpl1Dl1'lKODa M.: MHI1MIl, 1996. 69. LlorOBOp 0 C03JIaH 3KOHOM'Iecl<oro CQI03a OT 24 ceHTI!6pn 1993 r. 111I.ei1CTDyJOwee Me)l(JJ.yHapOllHOe npaBO. B 3 T. T. 3 I COCT. 10 M. KOJIOCOB  3.C. KpltBl1'1KOBa M.: MHI1Mn, 1997. 70. KOHBeHUl111 C011PY;>;ecTBa He3aDI1CI1Mb[X rocynapcTB 0 npaDax 11 OCHODHb[X cBo60nax 'IeJlODeKa OT 26 Man 1995 r II POCCI1HCKB>I ra- 3eTa.1995.23HIOHJI. 71. COrJlaWeHl1e 06 06paJOBaHI111 KOHcyJIbTaTI1BHoro COBeTa no TPY.ny, MltrpaLlHH  COUIfa."IbHOH 3aWl1TbI HaCeJleHHII rocY.IlapCTB - Y4iiCT- HI1KOB C01!.PYA(C(:TBa He:JaBI1CI1MblX rocynapcTB 01 13 HO>l6pn 1992 r. II C60pHI1K OCHOBHblX lIOI<YMeHTOB, nOllrOTO(lJleHHblX C Y4f1CTl1eJ<.! KOHcYJIbTaTIfBHoro COBe-ra no TPY.IlY, MHrpaLlIt H cOWJ- aJ1bHOH 3awwre H3CeJ1eHI1I1 rocynapcTD - )"IaCTHI1KOfl CHr M IJ>HHCTBTHH4>OPM,2002. 72. COmaWeHl1e 0 rapaHTl1nX npaB rpB)f(JIaH rocynapcTB - Y'IaCTHI1KOB CHr B 06J13CTI1 neHCOHHoro 06ecne4eHI1J1 OT 1J. "I3PTB 1992 r. II 3aKoH. 1998. N2 4. 73. COrnaWeHl1e 0 6C3f11130(lOM nepCn811>KCHI1I1 rpa)K!l3H rocY.llapCTB - Y43CTHHKOII CHf no HX TeppHTOpm'I OT 9 OKTI!6pl! 1992 r. II 51OJ1- JleTeHb Me)l(JJ.yHapollHblX norOBOpon. 1993. N2 10 74. COmaWeH(!e 0 BJaltMHOM npIt3HaH BIt3 rocYlIapCTD - Y43CTHH- KOB CHr OT 13 HOl!6pl! 1992 r II EIOJ1J1eTeHb Me}l(Jl)'HapO!!HbIX .IlO- rOBOpOB. 1994 N24. 75 COrnaWeHl1e 0 nOMOLlU1 6e;>;eHUflM 11 BbIHY)K!leHHb[M nepeCeJ1eHLlfIM OT 24 ceHTII6p>l 1993 r II POCCI1t1cKaJl ra3CTa. 1995 2511HBapl!. 76. COrnaWeHl1e 0 COTpy.llHH'ICCTBe II 06.rrncTIf TPYllOBOti "mrpaLlHH H COLlI1aJ1bHOt1 3aWl1Tbi TPYIDIWI1XCI!-MrpaHTOB OT IS anpeJJI! 1994 r. II C3 P<tJ. 1996. N 47 CT. 5299. 77. COrJl2WeHI1e 0 nOp.ll1lKe BbIe3lla rpa)K!laH rocynapcTB - )"IaCTHI1KOB CHr B rOcyJJ.3IXTBa, He BXOJlIIWl1e B CHr, 11 B'bC3.ll3 113 H(!X OT 122 
17 IHBapll 1997 r. II C6opHK J\OI<YMeHTOB no KOHcynbCl<l1M 80- npocaM 1988-1997 rr. M, 1997. 78. CorJlaweHm: 0 COTpYllHIt'lecTDe rocYLlapCTB - Y43CTHItI<OB COllp)'- >KeCTBa HeJaBI1CI1Mb[X rocynapcTB D 6opb6e C HeJaKOHHoti Ml1rpa- UHeti OT 6 MapT:! 1998 r II MltrpaultJl 199R N93-4 79. KOHLlenLlHII n03TdnHoro $OpMHpoBaHHII 06mero pblHl<a TPYJJ.<'l It pel)'Jll1pOBaHl1n I>lI1rpaUl111 pa604ew CI1JJb[ rOCYLlapCTB - }l'JaCTHI1I<OB CHr OT 15 LleKa6pH 2000 r. II C60pHI11< OCHOIJHblJ< LlOI<YMeHTolJ KOHcYJlbTaTI1BHoro COBeTa no 1JJYLlY, Ml1rpaUl111 11 COUI1a.%HOt1 3a- WitTe HaceJ1eHI1I1 rocy.uapCTII - Y43CTHItI<OB CHf M.' (J)I1HC'f:!UIH- $opM,2002. 80. COrJlaWeHl1e Me;tQJ,)' POCCI1t:!Cl<ot:! lJ>enepaUHeti 11 pecny6J1I1Kot:! TMJKHKI1CTaH 0 peryJIpOBaHHH npoLlecca nepe",remeHHti  3alIll1Te npaD nepece.neHueD OT 10 0l<TI!6pH 1992 r. 81. COmaWeHl1e MeJ£U\Y POCClttiCl<oti lJ>eJ\epaUl1eti 11 TYPKMeHHCTaHOM o perYJ1l1pOBaHI1I1 npouecca nepeCeJleHI1H 11 3allll1Te npaD nepece- JleHLleBOT 23l1eKa6pn 1993 r. IIC3 P$. 1996. N2 10. CT. 831 82. COrnaWeHl1e Me}l(JlY npaBI1TeJ1bCTDOM POCCI1t:!CKOt1 lJ>enepaUl111 11 IlpaDI1TCJJbCTBOM Pecny6J1111<11 rpY31111 0 perYJll1pODaH1111 npOLlecca nepeceJ1eHItH H 3aWl1Te npaB nepeceJ1eHLleB OT 3 $eHparUi 1994 r. 83. COrnaWeHl1e Me;tQJ,)' npaBI1TeJ1bCTDOM POCCI1t:!CKOt1 lJ>enepaUl111 11 npaBHTeJlbCTBOM Kb!prbl3cKoti Pecny6J1HKIi 0 pel)'JIpooaHHH npo- uecca nepeCeJleHl111 11 Jallll1Te npaD nepeCeJleHuelJ OT 18 I1IOJln 1995 r. II C3 P$. 1997. N938 CT 4340 84. COrJlaWeHHe MeJlUl) njYlBlnenbCTBOM POCCIiHCKOti CIIeJIepaLlltH Ii Ilpalll11t:QbCTBOM Pecny6JJI1I<I1 6eJJapYCb 0 peryJ1l1pOlJaHI1I1 npouecca nepeCeJleHltl!1t 3aWHTe npaB nepeCeJ1eHLleB OT 30 0l<TJl6pn 1996 r. II POCCI1WCKall raJeTa BelIoMcTBeHHoe npl1J10)KeHl1e «3KoHOMI14ecKl1ti COI03» 199829aIJryCTa 85. COrnaWeHl1e MeJ£U\Y npaBI1TeJ1bCTBOM POCCI1t:!CKOt:! lJ>e.uepaUI1I1 11 Ilpafll1TCJJbCTBOM Pecny6J1111<11 Ka3axcHIH 0 pcryJll1pOflaHl111 npoLlec- CII nepeceJ1eHJI  3alllHTe npaB nepeceJJeHLleB OT 6 lOJ1H 1995 r. II KaJa.xCTaHcKO-pOCCI1WCKl1e OTHOWeHl11! 1991-1999' C60pHI1K nOKY- MeHTOB  M:!TepH3JJOB M., 1999. 86. COrnaWeHl1e Me;tQJ,)' lJ>eJ\epaJJbHot1 Ml1rpaLll10HHot:! CJ1y;K60t1 POCCI1I1 H MItHCTepcTBOM TpyLla 11 COUltRJJbHOti 3alm'lTbJ KblPfb!3CKOti Pec- ny6J1I1KI1 0 MeXaHI1JMe peaJ1113aUI1I1 COrJlaWeHl1n Me;tQJ,)' IlpaDI1- TeJlbCTBOM POCCI1WCKOW lJ>elIepaUl111 11 IlpaBItTeJ1bCTBOM Kb[prbl3- Cl<oti Pecny6J1KH 0 peryJ1HpOBaHItIt npouecca nepeCeJ1eHHH H 3a- IUHTe npaD nepeceneHUCB OT 16 anpeJ111 1998. 87. COrnaWeHl1e "teJ£U\Y npaBI1TeJJbCTBOM POCCHi1cI<OH lJ>e.uepaLlHIt It npaDI1TeJlbCTBOM TYPK).!eHI1CTaHa 0 BJaI1MHblX noe1lJ.lQX rpIDKllaH OT 17 I1IOJlII 1999 123 
3aKOHOllflTe.rJbCTBO POCCHHCKOH Q>e)J;CpaUHH I. KOHCTI1TYLlHJ PoccikKOfi lJ>ellepaUI1H. M., 2006. 2 KOHCTIfI)'UIUI POCCI1iicl<OH lJ>e!!epaUI1I1' Ha)"lHO-flIX1""1WreCK11H KOM- MCHTdpl1H I 1l0J\ pea. E.H. TonopHHH3. M., 1997. 3. KOHCTIfl)'UI1I1 POCCI1HCKOH lJ>eJ\epaUI1I1' KOMMeHTapl1H KOHcnny- UHOHHoro Cyna P<D. M , 1998. 4. KOMMeHTapl1f! I< KOHCTlIl)'UHI1 POCCI1f!CKOf! lJ>ellepaUI1I1. M., 1996 cI>ellCpaJIbHble KOHCT1fQIUIOHHble JaKOH),! I. 0 KOI-ICTI1T)'UIIOHHOM Cyne POCCl1fiCKOti lJ>ellepaUl111 OT 21 111011.11 1994 r (B peJi. OT 5 anpeJJJI 2005 r.) II C3 MI. 2005. IW 11. CT. 1273. 2. 06 -.p6II1p1)!(Hb[X cYlIax B Poccl1ticKofi lJ>ellepaUl111 OT 28 anpeJIJl 1995 r (B peD: OT 25 MaPTa 2004 r) II C3 P<D 1995 K 31\TOf':1M }'T04HHrb HOMep H CTaTbIO J\"!> 159 3.0 cyne5Hofi CI1CTeMe POCCl1tiCKOf! lJ>ellCpaUl111 OT 31 neKa6pn 1996 r (B pea. OT 5 anpeJJH 2005 r.) II C3 P<D 2005 N9 II. CT. 1274. 4. 06 YnOJIHOMO'leHHOM no npaDaM ..eJ10BeKa D POCCl1ticKoHlJ>ellepa- UI1I1 OT 26 $eBpa.rr1l 1991 r II C3 MI 1997 N99 CT 1011 5.0 IlpaBI'ITeJJbCTBe POCC('JHCKOH lJ>eJ\epaLlHIt OT 17 J\eKa6pJl 19q1 r (B pel! OT II1IOHII 2005 r.) II C3 P<D 2004. IW 45. CT. 4376. cI;lCllepa.rJbHble3aKOHbl I. 0 nOplll!Ke paCCMorpeHl111 05pallleHI1H rpaJK!laH POCCl1fiCKoHlJ>eJ\e- paLlHIt II C3 P<D. 2006 r. NQ 19 CT. 2060. 2.0 6e;;:eHLWx OT 19 $eBpa.rrJl 1993 r (B pel!. OT 22 3BrYCTa 2004 r) II C3M1 2004 N926 3. 0 BblH}')KJleHHb[X nepeCeJleHuaX OT 19 $eBpaJJJI 1993 r. (B pell. OT 231leKa6pn 2003 r) II C3 MI 2003 N952 CT. 5110 4. 0 focynapcTBeHHofi rpaHHue POCCl1l1Cl<ofi lJ>ellepat.\1111 OT I anpeJl.ll 1993 r. (B pen. OT 7 MapTa 2005 r.) II C3 MI. 2005. N952 (4. I). 5. 0 npaBax 1]J8}1(JlaH H3 CB06o!!y nepenBH)I(eHII, Bbl60p MeCTa npt- 6b[BaHI1JI 11 )l(I1TeJlbCTBa B npe!!eJl3X Poccl1i1u::olf lJ>eJ\epaUl111 OT 25 HIOHII 199] r II B!:nQMOCTH PC<DCP 1993 NQ 34 CT 197 6. 0 Mepax no BBeneH1O HM"tHrpaUI10HHOrO KOHTpOJ1J1 OT 16 neKa6p.ll 1993 r. IW 2145 II C3 P<D 1993 N951 CT 4933 7.0 CIHI)'CC ..J1eHa COBeTa lJ>ellepaUI1H H CTal)'ce nenyram rOcynapC1- BeHHoH DYMbl lJ>eJ\epa.bHoro C06paHI111 MI OT 8 Mal! 1994 r (B pe!!. OT 211tlOJJII 2005 r) IIC3 P<D 2005. N9 19. CT. 1749 8. 0 Me)l(J1)'Hapol!Hb[X D.OrOBOpax POCCI1f!CKOf! lJ>ellepaUl111 OT 15 I1IOJI.II 1995 r. II C3 P<D. 1995 N929 CT.1J57. 9. 0 npol<ypnype POCCHHCI<Oti lJ>ellepaLlHH OT 11 HOH6pR 1995 r. (B pe!! OT 9 HOl!6pH 2005 r.) II C3 MI 2005. N9 51 124 
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ocyweCTB,neHItH TPYllOooii J\eIlTeJ1bHOCrH» /I C3 P<tJ. 2006. N<> 47. CT. 4896. 2. 1l0CTaHOBJIeHite IlpaBI1TeJJbCTBa P<tJ OT 15 HOJl6pll 2006 r. N9681 ..0 [l0pJIlIKe Bbwa'lH paJpeWI1TenbHblx .noKYMeHToB DJlII ocywecT- BJJeHlt1l HHocTpaHHblMIt rpmlUiaHaMIt HpeJ.leHHoii TpYJlOIIOti lIell- TeJ1bHOCT II POCCl1tiCKOti lJ>eJlepam'!w> II C3 PIJ> 20011 NQ 47. CT 4911 3. 1l0CTaHOBJIeHite IlpaBI1TeJJbCTBa p<tJ OT 15 HOll6pl! 2006 r. N<> 682 ..06 yrBep;t()1eHI1I1 Ha 2007 ro.n KOOTbl Ha BbUIa'lY paJpeweHI1W Ha pa60ry HOCTpaHHb!M rpa;t()1aHaJ.!, IlPI16b[IIWI1M II POCCl1ticl<YIO lJ>e- nepaUl110 II nopJ[lll<e, He Tpe6YlOweM nOJlY'leHI1f1 BIDbI» II C3 P<tJ. 2006. N947 CT. 4912. 4. IlOCTdHOlJJleHHe IlpaBI1Te.llbCTBa p<tJ OT 15 HOJl6pJl 20011 r. NQ 685 ..06 }lCT.JHOBJIeHI1I1 Ha 2007 rOil lIonycTI1Moil nOJJH I1HOCTpaHHb[X pa60THltl<oB. cnOJ1b3ye"tblX XOJl!tiCTBYIOWIiMIt cy6'beI<TaMIt, ocywe- CTBJlHIOWI1MI1 .neHTeJJbHOCTh D c<pepe p03HI1'lHOH TOproBJII1 Ha TeJJpl1- TOpltlt POCCltticl<Qi1lJ>e.r:!epauHH» II C3 P<tJ. 2006. N947 CT. 4913 5. 1l0cTaHOBJIeHI1e IlpaDI1TeJlbCTBa p<tJ OT 15 HOH6pl! 20011 r. NQ 68b ..0 BHeCeHl111 H3MeHeHI1W D llepe4eHb Teppl1TOpl1W POCCI1WCKOW lJ>e.nepaLlI1H C per:niiMeHTl1pOBaHHblM nOCell.[eHlteM DJlII HHOCTpaH- Hb[X rpa>KllflH» II C3 P<tJ. 2006. N<> 47. CT. 4916. npHKa1b1 MBJ{ POCCHHCKOH cI>C1lcpauHH 1 0 Mepax no npenynpe;t()1eHI1IO npaDoHapyweHl1w co CTOPOHb[ I1HO- CTpaHHblX rpa}l(!li'IH }J JlItU 6eJ rpaJl<.JJ.;tHCTBa OT 18 IIHBapJl 2000 r. N951 2. 061l.[ee nOJJo»;eHlte 0 nO!!pa3J1eJJeHI1I1 no nellaM M}JrpaUI1I1 MBn, fYBn cy6'beKTa POCCI1f!CKOi1 lJ>ellepaUI1I1. Ilpl1J10)KeHl1e K npl1KflJY MEn POCCI1I1 OT 31 Mall 2002 r N9522 ..0 nOJJHOM041111X MBlI:, fYBn, YBn Cy6beKTOII PoccHii:cKOti lJ>eJ\epaUI1H II 06l1acTI1 ",mrpa- UI1I1» II POCCl1ticKaH raJeTa 2002 29 MaH. 3. 1l0J10}l(eHe 0 lJ>ellepaJJbHoti MltrpaLlHOHHoti clYJK6e MEn POCCHii- Cl<oii lJ>e.nepaLlI1I1. IlpI1JIO)KeHHe K npHKaJY MEn POCCI1 OT 15 MaH 2002 r. NQ445 4. 0 nOJlHOMO"HX MEn. fYBn, YEn cy6'beKToli POCCHHCI<Oti lJ>eJ\e- paLll111 II 06JJacTIf Ml1rpaLlI1H OT 31 Mall 2002 r. N9 552 5. 06 yrBep)KJ]eHItIt 1l0000>KeHItJI 0 nopHaKe npHHII }lm.bIX nOMelUeHI1W, npe!!OCTaBJIlle!>lblX MBn POCCI1I1 DJlII nOCToHHHOro I1J1H BpeMeHHoro []po}l(I1BaHI1I1 BbIHy;t()1eHHbIX nepeCeJJeHueB. OT IOaBrycTa2002r.N9758. 6 06 yrBep;t()1eHI1I1 I1HCTPYKLlI1I1 [10 Bbtua4e. o<popMJIeHHIO 11 }f'IeTY ",mrp,ILlHoHHbIX l<apT nfIC[]OpTHO-BHJOBbI"tH nOJ\pflJj{eJleHHMIt no neJJaM ),jl1rpaUI1I1 MEn. fYBn. YEn cy6-.,eI<TOfl POCCI1WCKOJJ 4ICJIe- pal.[HIt Or 21 HOH6pJl 2002 r. N9 1137. 127 
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