/
Text
ILLUSTRATED GRASSES OF JAPAN
ENLARGED EDITION
ЖШЙ1Е
by
TAKEMASA OSADA
UEIBONSHA Lid., Publishers TOKYO
1993
>f i I' 5i Lfc*® о X 5 ®V'WTIMf E о Т5Ш
х£>П£01*||Я-соф£-С£>$. zdJjilJ^L, ^71E-f 8ЛоМ^5«
^^;jn l, ед»l l<rr tc %,ъ c i ic ltc. шшаьк&с
Й Lfc 3 S2>s.
1993'T- 2 Я
SUIjeUE
Preface to the enlarged edition
It is a good fortune that a book dealing with so quite special subjects has been welcomed
among the general public and that two impressions of the book have been sold out in a rather
short time. Then, for the people wanting to get it, the enlarged edition with appendix
including 8 additional interesting species has been ready here.
Takemasa Osada Feb. 1993
5
Abbreviations for morphological figures
A й Anther
Ac :ВДШЕ0й Anther of cleistogamos flower
AW Й5 A part of awn
BR ofi A part of branch
BRI :RiJ-£ Uo 5 'J'STEC 1Я 5) Bristle
BU 1 Hip A: L Л' Bulbous base of culm
CO :ЖЙОх- 0 < П Я!
Collar of leaf-sheath
CS :'ME0«ffi Callus
CU Si A part of culm
F :'ME Floret
Fi : ( FA)'bfE First (lower) floret
Fi : >&—( FA)'b/E Second (upper) floret
Fi : SSS'bfE Third floret
Fl : Ь At'bTE Floret seen from lemma side
Fp : 1*1 t ^/C'J'fE Floret seen from palea side
Fr : ifHt L T(ЙЯЙ t: -7 L’ 'bTE Rudimentary floret
FL IfEf'bfE*' G 0)
Flower (floret removed all bract)
G iEllffl Glume
Gi : S.JIi(F'&W> First (lower) glume
G; : ¥"'el?H( h£LW Second (upper) glume
GR :Ж-^(?ЙЖ;) Grain (caryopsis)
HA i-& Hair
hm under high magnification
INFlTEffO "oil A part of inflorescence
L '-Шй Lemma
Li :$-( ТЛО'ЬГЕЯЖЙ
Lemma of first floret (lower lemma)
L? :»_'.(£ A)'bfEOSffi
Lemma of second floret (upper lemma)
Lj : S2f'b(E©jS?fi Lemma of third floret
Ls Tffe'blc®®?fi Lemma of sterile floret
LI iffeS Ligule
LO ' *) A. & Lodicule
MAlOmWlWlM Margin
М0:Ж1ЙДЙП Mouth of leaf-sheath
NO :f?fiii Node of culm
P rWffi Palea
P, : Sf-'bfE0lW Palea of first floret
Pi : 55 ".'MeО Pl ?Й Palea of second floret
Pi : ® ~.'bfE0l'-!ifi Palea of third floret
PD : 'b^.Offi Pedicel
Pl : st> L Pistil
RA : 1EIT0 4‘ $4 Rachis of inflorescence
RC :'b$?10rt,Wi('btt) Rachilla of spikelet
RE !'b|43?^ Rachilla extention
S i'b© Spikelet
Si I 'J'K First spikelet
Si : Я5 T.'bU. Second spikelet
Sb : ТЕМ E KWM(fJ«ilffi)i>-G Ъt:-ЬЙ.
Spikelet seen from abaxial side
Sd : 7ЕШМ(|ЗД«)*М AL-'h«!
Spikelet seen from adaxial side
Sg : ffi’K L ?C Ж К i- !> '> 'b®i
Spikelet with matured grain
Ss : Sterile spikelet
SC IJJDt' Scale
SH :Й1Й’0—Ж A part of leaf-sheath
SP >bWif Spinules
Plant (mostly total view')
TS Wtfflfffi Transverse section
i/г, Jlltttttmale, ? ittttt female, .? if bisexual 4-L, JS 1Ш.Й?Ь$® male spikelet, •¥ F IXtttt'bfE
female floret, $L IXfti'tt'bfEOsfiJfi lemma of bisexual floret 4't' .
Zjrfc, ;©»sa—Kt:F<:3tLf.-.
PREFACE
This book is intended to illustrate the Japanese grasses excluding bamboos, with descriptions both
in Japanese and English. The species and infraspecific taxa dealt with here amount approximately
to 330 in number, including not only native Japanese grasses but also many naturalized ones. The
areas covered in this study include Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan, excepting
Bonin, Amami and Ryukyu Islands. A book illustrating the grasses of these southern regions of
Japan is to be issued as a serial book in no distant future.
In order to reduce pages of the book, columns in English have been somewhat shortened and
consequently are different from the equivalent Japanese columns. First, the introductory part
namely an elementary explanation on the grass is given only in Japanese; for those who seek
introductory studies in Occidental languages, there are a great many good books already published.
Secondly, some of the headings added at the end of morphological description of each species in Japan
are omitted. There are four headings enclosed by square brackets in the Japanese text. They are:
‘[7ЕЙЯ ] 7 - 9 Я ’ which reads ‘flowering time: July to September’. In the English column, a descrip-
tion on flowering time is omitted, but the readers, if necessary to know the time in Japan, may refer
to the Japanese column as ‘JJ ’ stands for the ‘month’ in English, thus ‘7 Л’ meaning ‘the seventh
month, i. e. July’;
‘[5H>]’ is an abbreviation for ‘distribution’, as DISTR.;
‘[7— F ]’ is ‘NOTE (N. B.)’ in English. And it contains a short note or a discussion mostly about
the problems concerning the nomenclature, especially of the taxa whose botanical names or concepts
have recently been changed.
References are generally given at the end of each English column under the abbreviated heading
REFER. They contain in the authors’ names, the years of publication and the pages of reference
respectively. The readers will find a full bibliography in Appendix.
All the illustrations are drawn by the author himself but two which were done by Mr. K. Masumura.
Explanatory abbreviations and the scale of magnifications are added to their expanded partial details.
Abbreviations for technical terms are printed in capital letters, for instance, L for lemma, G for
glume, PI for pistil and F for floret. Where capital letters are insufficient to explain the figures, small
letters--adjectives and phrases for additional explanation being abbreviated-----are attached to the
capital letters, for instance, Fp for floret seen from its palea side, and Fl for the same seen from its
lemma side.
The index for abbreviations is given on p. 33 to assist the readers for speedy reference. I hope the
readers will soon become accustomed to the editorial style employed in this book and will not have
to depend too much on this plate.
The accepted names of grasses are printed in boldface type accompanied with their sources in
abbreviated forms. Their representative synonyms including basionyms are also listed, but their
sources are omitted. If the readers do like to know more about their synonyms, they may refer to
9
T. Koyama, “Grasses of Japan and its Neighbouring Regions, An identical manual” (1987). As he
comments in his preface, however, the preparation for the essential part of the book began in 1959 and
was completed in 1964, so the book does not contain the achievements of the world-wide researches
made in the last two decades or so. Therefore, in this book I have been compelled to avoid to use
a considerable amount of the accepted names he had given in his work. But his laborious work was
the first grass-flora covering all the Far-Eastern area written in an Occidental language, and his
descriptions of the species are very much detailed and excellent.
The system employed in my book is based on W. D. Clayton and S. A. Renvoize’s “Genera
Graminum, Grasses of the world” (1986). I believe it is one of the most excellent and authorized text
of modern agrostology.
10
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I acknowledge my hearty thanks to Dr. W. D. Clayton of Royal Botanical Gardens Kew for his kind
permission to use his splendid taxonomical system of grasses and his usual kind guidance. I am also
greatly indebted to Dr. T. Tateoka of National Science Museum of Tokyo for providing me many
reprints of his excellent and enormous studies, together with his useful suggestions. My thanks are
also due to Prof. T. Shimizu of Kanazawa University, Assist. Prof. G. Murata of Kyoto University,
Prof. T. Yoshida of Hokkaido University, Assist. Prof. T. Enomoto of Okayama University, Dr. T.
Okuda of Fukuoka Environmental Research Center, Prof. M. Matsumura of Gifu University, Prof.
Emeritus S. Tanaka of Gakushuin University and Prof. R. Murakami of Seinan University for all their
kind assistance in many and varied ways. I am especially thankful to Mr. M. Michikawa of Tsukuba
University, Prof. S. Komiya of Nippon Dental University, and Mr. T. Ohmura of Shizuoka City for
either giving me or lending me so many precious literatures. I am also much indebted to many
botanists who have kindly given me or lent me their materials for descriptions and drawings ; namely,
Mr. T. Matsuki and H. Kato of Hokkaido, Mr. K. Inoue of Iwate Prefecture, Mr. M. Furuse of Tochigi
Pref., Mr. H. Takamiya and Mr. 0. Kawana of Chiba Pref., Mr. T. Yamada of Tokyo, Mr. M.
Muramatsu, Mr. T. Inoue and Dr. H. Uematsu of Yamanashi Pref., Mr. Y. Karayama and Mr. H.
Okuhara of Nagano Pref., Mr. I. Ito of Niigata Pref., Mr. K. Oka and Mr. S. Miyake of Yamaguchi
Pref., Mrs. H. Tokita, Mrs. H. Kobatake of Okayama Pref., Mrs. H. Tokita, Mr. T. Tanbe and Mr.
K. Masumura of Fukuoka Pref., and to so many other botanists all over Japan whose names are
recorded in Japanese. 1 am especially much indebted to Mr. S. Tsutsui of Fukuoka Pref., one of the
most famous collectors of Japanese ferns who kindly introduced me to many botanists of whom I have
asked assistance. I also express my deepest thanks to Dr. S. Hattori and Dr. M. Mizutani of Hattori
Botanical Laboratory, Prof. Z. Iwatsuki of Hiroshima University and Prof. Emeritus S. Hatsushima
of Kagoshima University for their unchanging guidance and encouragement to my studies. Without
the hearty helps of these many friends and teachers, I could not have accomplished this work.
At last please permit me to mention the late Dr. Jisaburo Ohwi (1905-1977), the author of the
wonderfully enormous and splendid book “Flora of Japan” 1582 pp. and its English edition. The
taxonomy of Cyperaceae and Graminae of Japan and its adjacent areas was made clear by him for
the first time. The planning of my present book was made at his house about 15 years ago, intending
to include only common grasses of Japan with his descriptions and my illustrations.
However, to my great sorry, when I had done about 70 drawings, I received the shocking notice of
his death. But I made up my mind to continue this work for the sake to fulfill my promise. It is my
honour to be able to dedicate this book to him now.
Takemasa Osada
November 1989
11
5
i-%) T Preface to the enlarged edition
1Пч:о1< .....................................................................6
Preface..........................................................................9
Acknowledgement .................................................................11
...................................................................14
4 AJ40WF& How to learn Grasses ..............................................16
%: Abbreviations for morphological figures...............33
НтН0 4 Illustrated key to Japanese Grasses.......................34
ft» Descriptions with Illustrations
^A'lliPI- Subfam. Bambusoideae......74
7 A A C'.idi Trib. Phaenospcrmateae.74
% A A eTM Phaenosperma...........74
4 А;!Ё Trib. Oryzeae................76
4 A® Oryza.......................76
-AT x i) T'-AJ,M Leersia..........78
7 7 7#TlM Chikusichloa...........84
-гзаНМ Zizania...................86
^7 / t TJili Trib. Diarrheneae......88
7 7 7 t AIM Diarrhena............88
nAT-A'TjJt Trib. Brachyelytreae....92
з ATT-AIM Brachyelytrum..........92
Subfam. Pooideae
................94
''AA'Till Trib. Stipeae..........94
/'AA'TlM Stipa.................94
7i/f4 AA'TIM Oryzopsis........100
4 A a' 7 A A431 Trib. Poeae.....104
4 7'A x i) ГМ Milium..........102
7 7 7 A 7'-AIM Eestuca........104
T'7z>A'IM Lolium..............128
AT'AAA'TJM Vulpia.............136
7 7 if TIM Cynosurus..........144
A 7 -v К 7' a A 7 A AIM Puccinellia.146
/'4 К'7з’>7ААТМ Torreyochloa-150
л/<>7 AIM Briza...............154
4 AT7AA4M Poa.................158
ATA'T/M Dactylis.................206
з X Trib. Meliceae ............-...208
К 7 a A 7 A AIM Glyceria.........208
з X У/TlM Melica.................220
7 t-D- 7/TIM Schizachne..........224
у A"TJill 'I'rib. Brylkinieae-.226
ТА'-^ У A'TlM Brylkinia..........226
A x x z» A.itli Trib. Aveneae......228
AIM Helictotrichon....228
A A A — 7 У IM Arrhenatherum......230
й 7 X AIM Avena..................232
ij — 7 У /Ай Trisetum............238
5 /,-h’alM Koeleria..............248
j 7 Aa -e К AIM Roslraria........250
з X x x AIM Deschampsia..........252
7 x TA"T IM Holcus...............258
x A xx AIM Aira..................260
з 7 A' 7 IM Hierochloa...........264
/' A"TIM Anthoxanthum............270
7 -A a 7IM Phalaris..............282
XA-KIM Agrostis..................290
t n /' / з x A A'A'IM N eoaulacolepis-312
z A'' V A x/M Calamagroslis......314
-t 4 з A x A ATM Apera...........352
Ux-A'i- V IMi Polypogon..........354
7-AA'A)M Cinna...................358
t. x’ x / A 7 A AIM Alopecurus....360
A x" 7 з 7"-AIM Bcckmannia.......368
4 f^AA'Uifl
у >7 ifz-') И Phleum.................370
X XX /ft t Jpj± Trib. Bromcae..........376
X 7/ / -Я-у E A-14 Bromus-...........376
Jf’jit Trib. Triticeae.............400
•V-7 ~h -t x 7'-y-J,4 Brachy podium..400
x7 z> Л?1/4 Elymus...................402
r > Л- 7'-$')$, Leymus...............430
T x"-? #-Vl/4 Ilystrix...............432
X1 л Jp'l/4 Ilordeum.................436
Subfam. Centothecoideae
...............................440
Trib. Centotheceae.............440
7 -У' 1,4 Lophatherum......440
-f-7'llif'l- Subfam. Arundinoideae
444
Trib. Arundineae.......444
-f- 7 1,4 Arundo......444
-у /4 X-y-1,4 Hakonechloa.....446
x v Jfi?, Molinia......448
з •>)& Phragmites......450
E 7-/ '<'||>Л:|- Subfam. Chloridoideae
.................................456
X. x' X # A* Jill Trib. Eragrostideae.456
7 -t' if Л' )(ё> Leptochloa......456
Diplachne.............460
f a if У *V x/,4, Cicist ogones-462
У i a 7if7M Tripogon.............464
''JpX'X if-\’№ Dinebra...........468
x 7 / if A’1,4 Eragrostis........470
+ Exz<J/4 Elcusine...............490
2'X/xx 7" A’1/4 Dactyloctenium •494
T x' J z A1/4 Sporobolus.........496
a- X P A'A'1/4 Muhlenbergia......506
''f szzOjji Trib. Leplureae........520
Lepiurus..............520
Jr'a 7 Jp'7'^lh Trib. Cynodonteae...522
it EX’7'<14 Chloris............522
Jp' a 7 A2 '<1/4 Cynodon.........528
- 7'<1,4, Tragus.............532
i"<!/4 Zoysia....................534
эгЕ''1И'Л1- Subfam. Panicoidcac.....542
Jp iz'.'.'ll Trib. Paniceae.........542
77? 5 -у-'-’НД Oplismenus.........542
A E’)4 I’anicum...................550
''zf xX У 1,4 Sacciolepis.........562
E 3-14 Echinochloa................566
E'' о — К 4p E''l/4 Brachiaria....578
tr’x-14 Eriocbloa...........580
x X X x tzl,4 Paspalum............582
x / э о 7'4-14 Setaria............596
4 x >zr/4 Stenolaphrum............620
X E >"<J/4 Digitaria..............622
7 A- 7 ' <J4 Pseudoraphis.........634
7ij у i"<l/4 Pennise.tum..........636
7 У X -f #1/4 Cenchrus............646
X Л- f -ir'B Spinifcx-...........648
f-rx’-ip-y-jit Trib. Isachneae......650
-f- Isachne...............650
E ±-У''#);4 Coelachne.............656
l-y'izzfjiji Trib. Arundinelleae....658
]ч ^r*szz<J4 Arundinella..........658
E X 7* 7" x X X Aiit Trib. Andropogoneae
...................................664
f f 7’7'7 z x A-1,4 Spodiopogon.....664
7 -t T z <y- J4 Saccharum.........670
x x Jp 14 Miscanlhus..............672
A‘#‘V£4 Imperata..................688
7>x7r/4 Eulalia...................690
zf X-f-x/A’/4 Pogonathcrum........694
7 '> .-к 'X1/4 Microstegium.......696
ain3>zJ/4 Sorghum.................706
E X 7* 7’ -7 x x Jp{4 Capillipedium.710
jj -t- x z ч > ),4 Ischaemum......712
ii У if Tl,4 Dimeria..........716
X У У > i) ztz ij 1,4 Andropogon..718
T if f] TJ4 Cymbopogon............720
7 > X-tl/4 Schizachyrium..........722
з 7" + ^’-У"14 Arthraxon..........724
X if лг -h A’ 1,4 Therneda-.......726
7 A 7 xl,4 Phacelurus-............728
7 X x >z -y z< j Ilemarthria.......730
j. x"^-?l/4 Coix................734
i^Wl Supplement..........................................................................737
New name proposed in this volume in 1993 .........................................756
5Ж—li References
Index
762
How to learn Grasses
As was stated in the Preface, for most readers in the world this chapter
is unnecessary, because there are so many good books written in
occidental languages. While in Japan, T. Tateoka “Explanation of
Agrostology” (1959) 151 pp. is the
only one book, and now it is not easy even to hand it. So, this part has
been written all in Japanese for Japanese readers.
Grass h (i
V't < ^01i£A£V>grass £ШЙ65 £®5. £
£, grass ©1R£ L"C 1. •< 2,—
£ ft 9 * 5 ft£, BSmi’U-эХ, herb £Jzli'it, grass £
herb 0^0 2 tSH«W£ V' b UW'XX < £). £ L,
L Z>4 #d> b tU X-v'•?O X, Й &$> Ъ i'ФШЙ- 2 A fc grass &ГЖтЙ& W X £ ±Ж
Ic&oXiX, grass -? £ %®^ft^®®ft©tib?>. fttcX9 4>, £ Л. >ЧХ,
=> * #*& +’, h'>t-P3 7£, 2ЬК.й>
•oXtiH AAK.£ о X t ^-, 7 7, -yzjf/г^., -t p z> -7®ft£'it, 4У£1сЩ-^.0
^^$HXl'6. £Ш$01£- 7 Ф 9 lex < •flUfcr 7 Eragrostis abyssinica Link, <-i,
2 b-r ;ML 1-1.5mm £ l' 5 4 о £ % <b SI 9 ft d'b, £ t‘71 J:
9 LH&SitZM'-c,
5. i'5St4ft<, tl9+t'WlW5. Sbt-Wfffl,
7 7 9 Л • T + F.w. Gould Ш^ШЗ-т)}!^
ГЦЬ^А^О^:[И©^Й0('Э:£A£'ti, grass O^SWtib9, grass
9 £<©^^d'ftd^Zcftb, №0Лп£ЗЖ 40©WB&H£X Lftd'oftt^A $j
-t-Cl'S. -С'1ЭЛ *$Ш£'<0Х b ft^4r£ bKf ^Й£&9Й6ОЙ\
< 7$4юЖ1Х£ < fcS(d'A) culm £ X С £d'^V', й^ХСЮХ b ft^od'V'ftB^&iKltX,
3£ stem £SSLfc*%|^^£ 4> tc^£xtiV'?>d», WW£ ЕХффХ,
16
4
toXV'-C^ig^^fcfc», ^iJfcigt'X^©t'i>2>. ^©^,®Л'Н1-Й:И'%©«^ХХ
-£<E®5. internode txtf
hZ>. fcfcTMi Ltf b C’ + t', Ь2*^>-, ttEn X 5tc, ®ИЙИ--С^Ь1ЬйЯ'Ж^
-С*Й»1ЬПХ1'?>%о4>^^й», ^©«£^4fe^©l±l£©iW^^ node -C&6. й5ЙВ©ЖИких
LU’и1ЩМ'3<ти t й^<, ^tt>t#V^mW£©t, X Wfci + ^tt#+O
ji5(X^crffl-=g?5'«ix.-ci'-c, согвШИ&ач v к©оLovLtab.
1^-СЧ^Д-с%, ^o5tfe±SKti^-Jctt?E-t?>. а±Ш4й?Е-£-Г, ^'h^W-c^’feo
fi^tfcliffii Xtfh, Jtfl'C't grass -C'tifc< , bamboo <E X tfH6. Ш.'^‘г©1ЙШ>-Н з < L
fcX 444)M'b ff-, r ©Wfi 3 ^ <’6
<, £©X 5 fciOfiV'bfiWI-t Lt, teifci'© grass bi:M!2±©aa:
£Ш£йлЧ©й>£<, W^ofc5 <tttofc^ws.i><gt xtXHS.
к^ъчм herb ©^«ЬЛ/г^Жй'ЖЙ'СХ 5 L/L)t XtfnSJWx^t^ffiCX 5
^l')tXii'H^>l«^bfcoXl'?>©^L, leaf-blade й^±ФЙ15tК *), W®
ti£IB(X5Lx 5) leaf-sheath (Bft^SH) t X tXK6HW©t fco4^^©
!?©£<li, ^ObD^V’U^C, t -o-C Lt 5 L, &X^b/£Vib©^i'. %
йтшяйш©ш. ^©и®ж©$^и±зи^%i-o©^^*?,. f©»tcO3
0A©X )(Ц?Ж< 6 b «E^i'fcX 5 fc%©t-, TO^btittfcb£5^»L-Ct'fti'. •< *£Hui£
оао^ЯНйч’й©/^'. ffi©Ot-ottB©X 5 t©X', ^©^Jti^t b^< ft
<, ^g©^tX}i’H6. ^cL^W©|x.W<E£tX b&V'ti'(cft-,-G 1/3 й'Й№ ±
A' 2/3 i t' 5 X 5 ts.®& % & Ъ - t ti -Ж L t *>'d>iatf Zt Ъ Кi \
t, ^©|*Jifi^b5-Tv||M©X 5tc%©^o^tBL, ±©W^i 0&
V<1'6(^4№. ГЬШ(1 5-tfo) ligule (LI) tXCX, Ж^4ХС©Ж^< ^©T^^^*4X’<t
&^©ЯН’±£$(Х£ t ££?, XWt'^^fcO, ^(4t-?W-l')-C*ibofcb(±Z>‘
L*4I^LW^±rW£4'tflft£^Z>>£o/: b, Чзй’4Хx.11'fc b,
й'Ь b b ©=€©» 5 й‘Д < t 0 ft: ofc b L'C, ^©i^fi
41 *й-©в©К311^*о. fcfcLfct'^A, 5-ri'^i>6 C t A^t'©-C, Ltt’K-TS i®H“C L i
V'. ^Жй'+4>1-ой‘«>Л:1'С L i©*©ia{c%^©^;5^-C^-S-©^^+^fc^L^fc^ofc<>
£2® ffi
ЖШ
</-fL
Cl'6. *bt> ay','t'„Alt
£fcW£»B
K-t4ftB4:l>4
Ъ!В6.
•е^6й’>, Й®Жnflijoff.
11 й' ti b-TM-vc-i >t> ой'<
йййи. Ш1££йг>сЖ
4>й>^Е1А<>>п«гкй
ъ.
Ж 3(3 жда
17
tJ±, 4 *£U сПi 1 < Ш® Ъ у у У-у-
й-ФП У -У-й- £©1ОШ£йаа£11ЙЭДШФ&6й', Л ^й-Оф-Ct^/Kt t у--у-'-У-Ж/с <ф tit о Тс
*Е0фК1А»)йЛй:Ь И
аело ruwsoi&sj crmw»i£j 34^5-t, 1959)1* в* ©4mtwjki-,
-C^ld-CAZctO-C, -rcftfcW'^X'ibS. 4 ^^оШШ®г^'о-сй5й'>Йо10~й+йи5 t
©й'>>1^, WiJtdWoUU*. Й^©ФЙ1са/с
2>4>©^^W®t J:Л>7^0Ф?>й\ COJ: 5»iiiU£’fc->t
l'/xl\ ^>0-1' Ф^ЦХШ^О t OJcXt'-C'C-f О £'>& < , i Iftt'UfiO
О^О^^йЧ®< К4-По§5^Н-С'ФИ<ХЯ^Фо< L, ЪМЫ, Жоййк
Й-'- hff^MA,-C<£&l'-Cl';5O-C, -П4УсЖ/с<ф-СЙ'|4^о< (Ж5И).
п Ф^©Ж#ИО tcT-frLfc^R&4<>. с©1 5 ZERH^fjRt JUi'H, R© 5 ЪФ^:©
—RUt < JcAV'Od5—ЙЙК)Хг, i Ю±(!1й>А < -С 1 < И Zct>, ФЛЖ midnerve, midrib 11 ьЦгЪ.
4 fci^feoRtiffiR lateral nerve 111±'H?>. 4 ^$40 5 t>Y-firROfid‘tc@< -C @ tztctzi'Ш©Мй»
*o-C. YfjR^r©^/J< veinlet-еЙ^гП-С^^'Юй'^^й', chiW4<,
Ofcgs-o. ®rHxL2>-y--y-O^^^-^-e^?> t, £^ШоФ$йШйи < A£?>. fcfdL, Ш
SottlCt±^ORtO*V'(OZ>^<, ^Cz^-y^^Zxt'-C-tt^fTRTcld'L/^A
6Пй1\ й^Ж#0Т«0И®й‘=НЛ^ФН®го^1±1Ь^<>0^5^ 1^60).
L fc -< о-C, i П 4 J: КЙГ* %.
£50 □7±^-y-
®4® JES<n’-'•5^'•5
36®* *> O?H< +ЗШЯ-КИН: t ^ t'4(,..
= y±
^оЖЙБй-'- ИШВД?
^Й< ct, )5>fc<X
»Hi511 f, 7EA;ft
< X $> T <’ 3 У # У’ Ь ЬА>
5. n*«»i*O^'J'Mt
SjtxfcoAit i'bh.6. (F
ЙЛЙХ'И i> !) -v X t X ^X,
C L t OX-4f «
4ЙА±«Г»Й4. fcAift
H * Ac i о X %
о t
t-^X'SlQfc.
£6® SStJES
18
1 2^Ж, ИШЖ^Йг,
ТШЙ-Г^Ло^Ч', 24₽£НШк^#, Ж, Ж£ Мс^йЬХЙ^оМ^-^&Ъб to^i'
5. titi'b 2 ^ti 1 №<D 2 Й'О1Ш^ ^оЪИ-Х*(±й < , 4W^S5O^l'ZcH-C^>6*'b, £<tC
<r>—o&ESlR’f, <t 4ГС. 1 £ x /v-C-tti’i > tStU©-^©IOtOi!)ffliO;
«Ш4Ь rhlc^Lmttt 1 ®Offi^f>^Lfc4O7i*>, £%ф-С«!Т^£ Xtfn
5^(г1П>СО1'-С»Х©ЫС-ЙМ)&*о-С1Ёф-С^, 7E^^><d-^i^^^Ax7-c
^ЪЛХ^Ш±а5ИЙИГ, №Т^Оф}с£й#^)*г£, *n-C»tf-4 £©Л$
A’»fltcSZc2>MX^-^LZj:ttnti'bZ»6*l'd'i^5 i, 5-CtXfcl'. 1 ^±O-< *$•©©
(Х^ЬМ><, ИШ^оЙоЙК’Л 5 &®o (>ой»6й Ч, fefcSoft’i'Oi'C^i,,
Ших^^о^ЬЬйЧ'а^й^, й^45 frffizr>&-r*£ Co-Cl'-C,
- Ь LZci!ri'®tX-jK:fCi>ia< ^nbk., %Ф<с
< {Wcgi-fcb-MfeTK^ о -с, г ^ £й'ЛЬТЖй»Ъ tH-C I'fc. JftTW
О© ti V 'Ж¥Й, * ?> I Ч1Ж^« о -С -С L 4 о fc i-1 'Ж¥Й^ й‘^.* о х I' ?> с i й»^1'. i t f-
tfilUlfiii. p.506-519 O*
x* j "CSi, ^©1 5 £с:й1'ЭДТЖй'££й'йЬ'й^Ц1оЯЗ)'<*<с-1 о t ’fe^WfcO'C,
fflo^tSfc о t ад-ЛЁТ® (>Sb 14»й^Н tz 6 * l \ 5 lot p. 507 O$X ; if * о И tc ti г о
iVxffiSti/xi'^, ^I'MXiWcoi 5 *J^-C0 n, I'SoA
6H6. £*£Fo^±x.№, 9 й'Й£о-с
1'50’МШ'С, ЙПЖ4> l^.OtO&Jt-<-CJ¥< -C®1\ fcl'-t5ft^ го£>7с0^£
19
*ПйИ, 2^*1о-^-<-С©^©1И^7Е1Г(7Е©^И)й‘0^, >^^V£ib7E^o^*^£i'^ot £'?>A
ЯШЖ ^7Z^W0Mg
4 Mo^XAWUiWt,, UH
taotot, ^MfiW^oAncttKo^fflvbhi. ШМтх, WoMfc^fe©
tn? 5Л1НТй;о-со<. tK^^toto'CA^t, tn? oOm&oiBfe^oi 5 &
t<0^fefcbh."6i'2>, CV%<r> 1 J -ft 5 xA') glume titt’h, t <t % <t L/c
4>O4?£>?>. 2 $<0^0 5 ИЖШЙ 5 HS^G,), ЙЯ№5О
^H(tfc(i±^ggG2)t 1^'. Ф£2-31ВОЙРО1 5*t
0й'‘ЛоХ1'50й’>Ы>5. m^'MECLx 5Л9 floret (F)tJl^, 4<fE£ lift Lx>h£ WE M'5
iOi(-xAO lemma (L) <t^«|*]Ш-Йй'КЛ:ЙЖй:V'x.v9 palea (P) i 1 li'HS 2
ftoi©»to|g|K*3ot^B''WxAotv5o-e*4. oj
t ot 110О'ЫЕШ&-13. 4 *&Z)tt flower (FL)^i 0 tHTott, Л7ХД<-©1
5 *^^^7E-c4ftL-c^-ctiZ£i'. tztibj. 5 <o-c, 5
Zd^SSo^o^iaio5 tit'.
тФ-L'tcft ь-<й‘<£> >), .$» < b 2 *С(ШЙК.X о -at 3 *)©ТЕ&йЧФГХЩ L, I’Efeofti-.t
3^go.£ 5 rant, J: fcL^liftL^tOtV'tA’O^
it 3 *, t tc 6 &£> 9, oAftiKK2^:, г'< ih.Kl AtSotiA. 7E#%*5< tW'.
^OZ)^bO®L-<0t<t К1&Й i £ Г ЯЙФЙМ WJ'S t£^// 2 в£> О X t) A($D£ lodicule (LO) i 1
Шг-Cl'*. СП I) A)JcWE^Ab*4 OiglbLfc^OX', Mi’Effitctt^< 6/v-C,
20
LJKIf,
* 7 л лф©Ф7ЕдаР)©Х-§|51с(ХфЬЛ< iH^/J4E©^(^ti7v) callus i
IVCi'fc. ^*$©-:£вШ&^©с£4>£*йъ £ф> toz»‘4-V'. t
^© 5 Ъ©$ ФфоШФЛЯК midnerve)li^^©^4,Z»'‘bW®<'- 1 ^©йЛ'ИЖ^ <1: fc
^tWIlIL, eawn t lli'n-ci'6. gcAZi7cli^^©£ £ I7£5J -C%Xl'L, Tco^'J
iri> r©Hj EiHiA/t’U'i. &й‘С ©:£©ЮХ«>»С Л 7 л A+'©7E ? 1Д
±©X 5йЪН-й»Й>?>й'бХ-, 2 - 3 1Й©'ЬШ& РШ 0
лх ifL-j, »ь-<)йе'©^й‘бЛс-э-с1'^©х-йг>. £®-сфжьx st
V') spikelet (S)iX^'. t - ©'МЙ^ТЕ i1 Л,ТЧ' 6ЬфеН *\ £^©7Ett-© 5 t>
© 9 /иЙУТ^Й-Г.
Л J|-r 13 44(нШк| 4zWrW0-W»P<lffij in лкr 1ftffi H
first glume (lower) Ts -itm Н-Ж ‘(b IR
second glume (upper) >Ж21-е1й! ЙЖ ХеШ
lemma ,®?й w Я-Ot
palea P'J^ l*JF? 1*1 f ЕЙ!
-51Ж Щ&, £©ДЙ/ФЙ5 - El*
©ШЙ:1ЙШЖ^^ 'Jfctf’C, %©$l'fcJWLX^?>£_E©X 5m. -«To^LXi-SO
1ШЖ^Е®5ИКЕ*. ^WttKORL, йШ'СЖхПт-СИ*©?, %%
% iftfcgE 5 r <Мсф£>. $c£f©$?U>) i1' 5 ©1±ФИ*^©1!£1'й'УЕ-С1 ЙЙ'С’Ь ФЯ'СМ^КйЧЙЬ
1гХ1'?>.
£©2>fc f) ©9Hf&% о t!±o £ 1 ;/? ->^-7 я©7ЕЛЧТЕ©ШИ)<»: 5
(H9EI). /7>>t7xo?Ettfti'gK4-9t, Тй'‘Ь±'МИ*(со^с'-сф<. г©Ш-п ^©^E©Ий
Lfc6,
£^tri&fe©&B -©^-^4 *^©i^^l^iC^fc2>^©-C£?>. ^L^ftJT©WXftfcoW-
4 v' 2 ft © Ж ЯФ O' til L -C i' ?>. ro2fto^fc4ioti'f^x4Ri:J:5K^t<ttfiiti'b.
E < ?> t, Л Ш©'НЙ©*й‘1О1, X ©ФГЕй'2Я^о', -t©d'7E^©TK2
^©S^’b'O’b©й’Фс< Г5и5/с< г©
,SrM-t6Z>^Hl'blf'J<©^^^7T4-t%©tl'XLX 5. 'J'»±%n@^J'$t£TEff*©-C'^?>A>, <
^^©^KUcH^TE/riitXiXT, d'S6^fc< 5^toXt^fc, i'bt±W?l¥©«0I^^E X
Л^"С V' &,
< -o-fo^o'C, £©X 5 ^®?0Ьч:1'£й^Т®|а^'ф-иЛЛ©-С£>£>. £
-Г !) £4. Ш2Й ?> t, Ж^-С-Ф $ К Ж (4 * $ * Ь S) Г |nj £ -с &£ h 1 tf n Z> '1 'M L tz^
21
ЙЯ<О^-(Й^ЙФ)й> 3&, %L-CfeL^^2
Я, tf6*o£, пй^£НА1'?>. ФЯ^фй^ З^^й^Н,
(txv> L <Ф) i1 t±'H?> Ф$ frS^A -о -С I' ?>. с ОКЙ г ФАЖовФт?, ТЕ©-Г<-с ©18£»iс oKS
SOT+^tttftfllOfcL^SiiiOtoX, тсЖ^о
fcft-T'o&e^x^F^h.'O'S. -ПйЧ /-*л£К'( о4М)(сй:5 t, З-КШ&Ь'ЧЮй:5 к&Чк#
fei-э-г, м^й^сд^ег^оагt^L-ci'fc. иижтмж
feKfn ХМ1^ЛЯ41'.
Y *$4<nifcffit Ь пт и ъ j. 'Ж
ТЕОТИ5Й ^LV'TE»H'*;rt^-3tfc-r'o
,H 6tti>4*;. -i ^^-eiilSltL-cOI
Zc2®«0/vfti/i-5. feL^eW-A-
'>5И3 41^К2 Ut’RI, SH
tc6^oi>o/i'A<b (fflH *). »L-<
оЮТ14тгЖ МКШШ
Й'Ь-э-о.'5. <
кШ ilfhi.
Ж13Е1 <^?4mTEtJRS
о
у ©x 5 й:^ЙКТЁ*>1ьЯ.Й5ТЕ1сй:^А;Я,л>9
O?E. ieo«SH*KW^bE>XcV'*;. *«>L
Mt«rf4TE»fcS
St-^-TY <ctXV'-5.
$11® л'1$4
(□^•-j-U) «ТЕ
WiS-
^wcoffiffln
»I
Ш2® 4'4-?4-fe Jt ай»«т7ЕЛ®
7+>Н
•-is
•--5
ЛлУдаь'*
22
4
4*#H4Wftt >) (>$ 6 ICitftXfc <>©•?, ^OT®>t)Ub-f*‘2<SOf) MfcLtz*),
'i*) (5J-C411', -<-<?©
^use, е^ол >r-1-< титш. feta, Л,
ф$1'й'1Ьйи< A^Zxbft:
tf-e, 4M№1 btz, ^Л?Я
ft£i>3nfc^fcW^©^£«m-гй‘6Н5&Т?> tV'ot Xi\ Ш©Иоф
•e, £©X 5 йТЕоШкй'Зъ'С 0, <E’©X 5 ic^kLTZi'ofcTi'OlnlSgicfftBici 9 < 5.
ЯЬЧЖ
WTlWttfcHg₽(1981>r X Ъ4 *W»©a©Otib5.
0>7>!г^^: L-clftM-tHff, M140O-7 •>/
т^-уЖоФЖоX 5t£< 04'Жй’<к^ск, 1 <>o4'?gtx±©4> о i4>lO^SV'
$>©£(,'£?>. 2<>:|O СОЯ^Ш(5 «Ф 5-о) keel
iX±. ®#«X*€ £ I'jttf, i
I^Ct^i^L-CXl'. Am- ^©£^-К1^-ГоОЯ1КЙ^оХ( гн«9
X«#i*5 t©Й'И; t Лi’-c^6. Шо#й'Ж# t45i'4lj*i'Zhtt, ®B£©
I®*#® t e> n-C i' Ъ. 1 4<Ф©4'ГЕО»1±-|-^ 4> £> ?> % <0 й> Ь, ь-Tй<® i £ Г 3 fS Я E L
Ж4?НШ', £о^‘СЧТО'НЕй5Л^<, ±35©4о»£4'? < > i ^Kttf±3oHtt
jg{ti^4'L-Cjg®iWlcZ£otV'bC E U5.
JUT«51»X o-c, 4 ^^©4'Жй'<^Т*ЬЪ>^©4'Й^ай:?> (>©й>6. f©X
tjMf^b-CV't 5.
у/*а©4'й-с, ж<
T»c2(S©W<!:-#T©4'ft F, ? Л 77#xyg, t л
#»pg, ''*Л'^Ж±ойМ'#йИ4<(Ей^й£ V_m, -t-itcox 5icLx-ctfct
Oi^xitXl'. 4*^©4<©Л35#1Х±^д‘1о£Л®4'ти* *?, T^^^cR^-C^<
Ш5® «#
ЙЙ1, 8WI, rtWctftfcC ««*««-*:
4X- 4>&к#Л^Лi й'о<•.«»«;«# > i
|*|jnitA£&tc2№f*‘*<bO'e, 2i;-g-ir
№?><ой'^.о5. ^П^ЬШк-е-^х 1 ®
•й'&Ггб 4oi'4i'.
23
hZ.
Si, £it2®o®^i^©±©2f@©'ME F., F2 й'^6. 2'МЕЯ^Д£±£$й'<6й1'. л
7 яа+*Щ2-3'КЕ), ->7ОЖ 3/xx+M, *#л = -7 ') s, * л хяШоЙй*'£©Л
4 fcLX'C^fc to t^ztX l\
□ OtfOS! : Ж180Я34ЧЕХ OfrS 10U-C2>SZ>‘, СО®#Я±О l'ME£ltWt£-C', T© 2'МЕЯ
mmASi, SStitttttit
At<t3 'МЕ&ЙДг Д, ^SUL-CAZtl'i'J'TE©^^X < ЯЬй>1Ь^'. > <+• ^ЙЯКШййс^-С
^>бй', ^(0^>fc»)^Eiilii7E^^iJTS©tx, ^oz>4'/£ft**©-c. г©М<©И^^-сят^-с
I’oLitl-WOSKAht^i. tf + iU; ^Aii-Cl'S//, '>4fcafrl 5ti.%
%-ts.
: Ь itiM190K^>S ifcO-C'^S/A ±iT©'MEHa>Zc 9
Д4оХК, ±Л"©'МЕ(^2'Ь7Ег4Х^)Я^(±-с, F©'ME(M 1 4ЧЕ)ЯМй<-£>6. п^й'МЕЯ
< 4> 5 &tcfcofc-=g)Zn&Sds &tt'ME»ux#^&i'. 'bW>2 ~£'MEX 9&?>Ш
•ft, Яi^i•|п]®й'tfcЯ±^©'b^EЯi•'^$ <Т5с^:-СгЬ%’Е©й‘^1'й\ I-
Л’ФТЕ©» 5 ТЗИЧЕЯй S. tzti ЬФТЕо^ЯЛЛ i' 5 ?i©
•с, со£©&Ж^ягн<>М108¥к.дп-сй-5.
Ш6Н 5i**S!'J'«S Ш7® 9>7£18® Z1WS Hierochloe type
24
Х/Эд^: ^20130^1 latino4-
££itLt<>©. 2®o^(G,. G2)i 2<S<0'HE(Fl( F2)l 9 ft£й*>, ±#©'HE(F2)t±^<>F4gI
i> <L < ^Я/>'№ < ft O ~CXRi>'$> Ъ, ад^Ъ^Я-СЙ ?> i V' 5. %<0з£®каХ Uf UfЙНЙЧ > LbO X'
^L-ОЛЙ^Й»), Йс
^th^ics^&trr i fcftS. T^©'J'VE(F,)it4 г % i±S'h7E(F2)ttiJxWJr*?>^^ 4>
<0Ей'«, ШЙЖ4'«^М<ЬхаигЖ1, 'NB±fat£^£t,
'J<OX 5K4otLi 5. io<t^T^'b7E4i±^'J4E©l*)^iJ^®L, i UrtSUoMWi.
S^MrOT^HWCG,, Сг)©&*<о4;иъг>Л,-с2>?>. coJ: 5т«2 4<^!)й:5'ЬЙ&о
itifi, T^bTECFOOrt^Hig^Lt^^^tift 0, t St? 1 'NE<0X 5 W£5.
г©1 £^<,ЙЧ'-С£>6й>, in^TE^glr l,-CA?> t, S>L^-r < ft£(J&21№.
G, G2 L, fXT^d'TE©^, U p2 *±.кЯ'ЬГСо|*11й-с£
ri4'ft< <> 5f@oglS4'□^tfcft?,. T^'h7Eoi*i^(Pl)rt5-rv<tfto-c®?>r Jgft
^t?>-i<>£>?>. toMtt,^J:oXMLfcrtg©mzFLti5. ?-
Л7->^*й, 7. Л у i> < -У-'-У-®, +Ь'Ж, ХЛ' 7 7 7 Ь ->х<ЙН<0№й>
£HlcML^:£ic 1 ^7E/d(^^ft£ * л н-*®О'ЬЙ<7>МЙ1'Х, GM G2, L, P©4
fflA'IbftS.
•tnzi'>S : iHtti&aJiM 7 p /tlK& о t fciifiV' (> <07?, !><t 4> t 2 'HEX ft ?> ^ <0
7?i>6;6*', M-'HEJiS ift , '^^ft/J^-tftbbM-'J'TE
25
(L2),
?>(^22№. Л#Йхх+®, Л!1-^Л*+Ж, ±^7У?хл+®, т->
+: у Ж, >л'л-л+Я гЬЛ'АЛ+Д, ру/уух 4 Ж, л-t ©MO'HSfcioS
oUi L-C^W'XV'S. fcftfL/J'«fi-^7EJ?©^ftc©S!©4©*»—Ы‘51с<1'.
: ^23ЙИ5й?ЕФ©-<*О/]<-СЙ>г>. 4 6 4> Ъ, t^(L), |*ЖР)<0
6-С^Ж<01 5tCA£?>O>is S]kLfcM-d^(FI)tM-J'/E(F2)-C^6.
ig-fku-cAz<5f^.^_ytcv'< e>V'd'$v\ cW>t+ ? л /л-£, %- • /KEtW
4>M^L-C, 'J'W3'J<O^lWltH46. ^U<M, гоао?1гй^ф
^^гсь-сй<лтн, imwt tt <?, *>«о$т-сй?>(М24№.
Па>г tntT^©3(i^K2)d'TE^ofc^-c^?>*s М^4ЧЁ(Р3)/с<^пШ, 5е£<*.
T©2'№tMLt H®O'KE(F3)fc'W-
LjHMfcV'. ^OfcftiitxAt'aod'SoiSfcUS^tti, М25И(С^-Г£&0 ?£>?>. fe
^T?f±o АЯ-tt/NEO 5ЪО 1 |@й‘$ 2 -о/сл± p-^fs-yt
©fiot *) LfcEJgiJi-tfr?,. го^оФй^^л-э
豩йй'КЛ, *&ОФ»±1'61'6Й>6. &Ш£
(G2)£^(L)£W-a><bfcf), rt«E<5Htl'tfcLA >
M26|at± b nt^tod< ->'>y j93tt4<ret±fc£lM
±Яо/КЕК£'П4М&-С, ^о^ое^ийй^о-с, &W£Anfc/hft(F,)
ti^(G„ G2)itUK«,
ЯН:Ж A
0Л(«)Й lodicule LO) : ТЕ^Л^Ж'-э fC^fc *) АЙИФ S fcM® h sU-W© 4> Ot,
b 2®£ 3®©4>OZp£>6. ®iM270r^LfcX ^WUf
ЙВДЮИ^от L-C, <Ё©,&Ч?Ш*£А£’1О11Ж< l' К->з > 7Л¥1Е-Ч Г> з -7 7
У-+'Ж4±, 0 АЙ©^-ей6й‘ККЯ1Л?^?> Ь
KzKLt^< GA, iV'5. 5Ж^±Х'©^@}ХЛ^1'й', *ftfrb
26
4
<, 0ШХ>&^©£$Й£+
ICXSi, dOJK-CtXffiCT i KL»? V
(ИЖЮ 38^ p. 75-86, 1963).
t>'L-<, JK(i$ ) T<-') stamen : Я <t/ъ i’oSlSti 3 Ж, 4 4-^-7 = -ечМХ 6 Ж, <t ttc 2 - 1 Жtcj®
oft*>©<>£>6. ^tt©TE^(/J‘L.)t^©ftt<5<^(^<) anther (A)t7xbt>CS;j:< Ыз'ЪЪЪ.
М7£©вШ^^£ЖЬХ7Е$£Д^гё-е, fWIWt %»< )^ПЬ^^>йЧ giWffiM,
i^RitiTEn::^W©4’^^tLfci4g^o7E«&-C®L^^T?><><o4b0t^<, ^ot Sftft
ЗйО i X£. '/ /++** /-НХ7Е©«й < //«ft i ts. v, №ft©i^»i»^©ft
©Й© l/2KU!)fti'ft54©t', Wi'X^nitW7E*‘f5d‘-r<’b^?>. 4 ?4±®i'KftWZo£>?>
©t«ftiitXti'fti'Z>\ £«H±Mft1tr, gft©^L-tKix ->tfrbh5fc«>, АВ£©_Ьй»ЫХВАШЕ
ЛИ, et(Lfi') pistil (PI): lftKil*&?>. IWHUftS^M ovary, ft$^<t6gS#-C
2>6a® stigma, ^LX^^-^<3ft<"ГЕЙ style © 3 * Г <UX~lS:©ft<t£'ioftl'. ftftitft
1WX2X', Шт^МтЬ, Sfe, Hfe, #?&, ^feftfOfc^t-b, SSlUot
t±ftaz№<>£ 9 £-/*, fS^SgttWtV’SX 5ГЛЛйА>©4^>^. ®g^'bft©fl-M$tfffl
-rue. ФТСоЙй>е>Ш-С< ?> koi, иШЙ©М-/£Ш
ffirffibhs. xX/zf+t+MttWi^i^it, — KRIC.®t^^xLfti'X 5ft^©^^<ir
i>\ 7ЕЙй^©И±й‘ЬЖ-Г, ^№Тй'о fcfiljffiz»61±| Z ©ti, ffirfti'Wt $П*($28Е1©-#
t).
'htt rachilla (RC) : t'bit^-oft <*$ifi^d'$ili t X^>*. 1 'Mto'btzZ => > -Vif-V-®,
7#y + xMft£^'ft, 'К©Ф1ЙЛ:^й5^->-С1'5 4Ой5гЬ^-С, rachilla
extension £ХШг?>. 2 ffiU±<0/ME^^ < d'TE-t l-'b$illt-Mgi5^^> о-C,
d'TEt t toll'd», ft^tcti/jxftjti^ot tm, 'MEfc'tftU
& < i 4 -? Xtfc 0 iSbS % ©ft 4 -e^4. л X> i i % £.
ЮЬЛ:©*>4, ftmftWXJW SOX', ^©X 5-tftH-t4ffi©a^^-o<. -ОХ5К1Ж
^W'ibHtn, твьт$ъ?>4©и, ^ft3Ji^~^%^i-*^T?>a«t#^tXi'.
££ grain (GR) : 4 **4-С»±?Ж£#*‘*© 11 1 (0©ЖЙ i ft ?>. Ш-ЮХ 5 Tv<© X 5 ftS^
й'^>о LXXs 0, X itgUcig t Hft t tStj5©t, <t < caryopsis t X ti'H 6.
Й*&ЙШ-Г?>15©^*^^-Г-^Х 5. ЖЖ©ве^ 0*6Пг>й»-Гй‘1с&оо1»Л:^й'>ЖЙ-С, Жй©
-St-о < И(^»о 5 )ff> г X ^*) L -c <t ft 6 as# X' ^> ?>. а Ж -с 1ХЙ % t H -C v' ?> © -C,
£©ЙИ»ЯаллЧ'?>. a*©±ft№?Lt XifH, L-tMLft^
6Wo. жйй;й<к©^>г>®|г^{икй>«>^аи)^йь-са^
iHAHftt'ilsICX'^S. K©A£££SII£#<t©Jtiijffi^©SiJ£H^Zn£>9, + t'
®fK>xX/ л'+ЛЕЙ©^ ©}ХКй»А£ < 'СЖЙ^:^©ЖДи±1!: ft?> t ©й»^ < , X =f- =>' 7 ±+'iUi^<0
27
i?27E] П
^28И IftL^rot'di'd §»29[3 ХХУ^-VJgro
а>
S) О’
< ? Ь'х
v*?7Af
КОТЛ^ИЛ'^^З?
z'-f Ь'->аО'У±^а
К->з0-У±*«
tOttliU £*Ч'М \ ^ФЯ^Ш®<' a fc-o t Фй*lb, М g К.о*»й5 t Ф i о t,
ЖфД^И^ЙоСМЗОИ). ЕфММЙ^ШО?, гнко1'<еджйвйф Г0*Ж
(^4t)i'>J:^tft5.
ft# inflorescence (INF) : ft# tiift©«BI4r 1 0. $fcft©E?!l©U^^>ibb-tBlt
i bt^fflV'ibn^. iX'ISKLttfcJ: 5KL, 4 ^^tm0^©/J'SiOt®i;loO?Effl?i5.
7 Л ,-H-^V-V ^/fOi b iC/J'JgdSfcfc' 1 {H©<bft*‘ Ь t£ Ъ ^ф-Ct, %;Ж<'Х К •? a b is.
МЫ_Ьф/1'ТЕй^^^7Е#ф?Е^^Й-5^4>ф-с, 1 ^©ft#f^^. ®g^iOfc<!f©mft
-11-t-Cfc^fc. tctd l, J MH3* -v "> ’) b Kh-tt
'J'B^Ф 4Ф<-tit£ < , ФЙФЖНФhi b i X- i ft11>ъ. iLXШйЧКй(ft#)
#1R-Cife?>*‘ft £ф,&йЧЕ#£'Й>фЖй£гй#>5Ф'С, ^М^оТ^ФХ b ft^ft'^old’ibh.'tV'^.
mtCH'U i lift# spike : ^©.hSKfttt, 4»)ФйЯ^©Ф»й5И'ЙК«41 Ъ 4>Ф.
£ФВМ\®фМ*^ЕШ-Й£-п 5ф*^о5-сй^>. 4 т- ->'^ V ? а=гфх ь f-Wiffi^ftio^Ji-T
й'Н8Ф^!>Ф£-6*>fttiliKL[n]ZM %ф^£6/А ^©^|(-i^ft<, гф,£7сН-<ЧЖфй^оС
Stt(^iUj:i)ft^ raceme : ft#±^Wffi©#B*\£V'j^'K., i Mcii 2 ffi-foWf-ft <> <, Й
ftV'ft#ift?> И. -V-=r*^&< »?Ф%ФТ?^>?>*'», ^П^'НфФЙ
1СИД5 1 -2mrn b, 4 *^©mtft#№ Ях
ft^to</J>»©5Wm ШШЧФ, ®O2S^tii5
28
«ЯШМи Х1Х'Н6. ^ЙФ&О£Ш§Ф^Ой'%1ч?Й£ М'5 £ <UX, И;
fiWftff ШШЕ#©Ф1Жи ^£Е>П, A#ftE£g|51Xbl±©BWEl?i^WEff Lbbbr&X®.
Gt5UXA,-m'£. ^©га5йЧ£И-сЧЙ5©ч?, £©Ж©1Ш&Ж^<Ч-©1>ЧЛН'<1'6.
R£t7E# panicle : (EWaM^W, ^©lft^R«^t <>О1?Й>^. OU L
фшхз©фйч^-зt©^miwimъ/д
®^1сЛоХЙ©^Л‘Ж< , 46X<^?EJ?©1 UU6 ^©^£>6. fc£LA^©Btt/Effftib
bMpTt«LЛ,£^'ib*i'©L, RJI№)»Ut©IX, ФЖзй'Т^©
>|>©lii*lXo£ <)Ж ts.otV'SOt, itchi tOJnJtBiC7i:2>. r ©A©HW#^S?iclX, t©x
Я--^©£-МЬй^5 X 5*«£tX, EEffiLfc9L
ХЬЪ. 0»ШМ8ИР^Ж
SSIfeHitTE# contracted panicle : FWTErf©-®/^®. < A < oX, W/;ot t), ФЙй>РЖ®-^РШй£
tcOL-C-rtlB*J0ftv40&V' 5. ЛХ/УТ^^^Х; / ^A^lX-J^UTEjyVBWE/f©
X 5^л.х.6й\ ±4‘bT^|fiJHt--rotA?> t, fetfcfid'K±fci'<o%©/J'SSZ»'-oV'ti'X,
^10 Ю?Ш г £/ДЬй>6. 6 • 7
&a LA$ compound raceme : ±1|Й©ЖЙ< tUiWU-^чЭД1^Ж
46 Д t ©. 4 • 5
^/кЖ ^^Й5)-Ж^<ОЙ18
Utc4a-<fcJ: SK. ce*ttt»»«:S»ti.>tt81ifc<*fH>*«om*W.ft
Clayton and S. A. Renvoize © (Genera Graminum) (1986)©^11ЖК-&-?<Й1&Й1ЯС<Й6. tc>5
TWt"f ^^Htfe©:J>S^S^^M^fcAtX4 +’ 9 X, 4- -Mfell© G. Bentham (1800-1884)1?,
ШХ J.D. Hooker (1817-1911) i i t Г191Ие©й;М;£Г 6, «W Wfe©MJ (1862-83)At
*6. Ж^ЖМЖ Ж^-ЖЛЖ ^7EMfe*tUi'5ef^'S8S5h,fc©tic©-A©>J&J:6ii'^
4 5.
C© Bentham ©-f ^^©^ЖЛ'А^Х- - x Ь 9 7© E. Hackel (1850-1926)ic'JI ^ofi'hX P>fi^
1SL, ;Е©^Ж1Х1887Ж К4 7 A H. G. A. Engler H$$©A1F (Pflanzenfamilien (Mfe))-f4A)k)> ©—
AU LXI±ll®$nfc. rtitYfirLt, O.Stapf (1857-1933)ti7 7 9 *Ж, L. R. Parodi (1895-1966)tX
j$j#& E. Hitchcock (1793-1864) lift Ж • ФЖЖ, A. Camus (1879-1965) tt 4 > К>-ЛЙ, N.L. Bor
(1893-1972)tX-f 7 К • ь'/и-гЖ ЖШ1Е.Л(1897-1984)Н®^7->7g i, 6 d1 Жй©13
49f^*>igftbH6X 5Г*о/с. 4-Cli, )>Ж©ЖФИ£<Е LtW, i < СТЕЯ5©
tr-Гб t ©-C, ^ЖЛ©Й<Ей^^Ж©^ГЙ11Ж^6 i l' 5Ф.»^Ж^©Ж1®Й'ЫХ,
й'/i t> jgi4©i?^>ofc.
toWot 71o^ N.P. Avdulov © И (1931)1X4 $^SKSWA
29
О^Хг^Ж
£3213 <* *$4ГО&&«:ГО15!)
1 (2n —14)
2 nCr + tf-V- <2n=22)
i%KL®R®«f (1955) KUS.
&&»©»*’>£) V -Pl left о X l > i Ottyjfr О1Я u.
b©1?bt, $Ы1965^-, H.P. Kor-
tschak i*a'2£tc.t<>Xlt^©ft£j£ic:fetf5 C02 ©@ЙЙ**Г, C3 Si C4 Ж© 2ЖЙ&-£йЧ£М
CO^tifc/c-bteM.D. Hatch i C. R. Slack (1970)ГX U, b
©@Й©®йй'ВЗД>-1О‘»ЬП^. corooUSSiiMftoSSKioTitioTV'r, 1ч1Ж©Ш
шмс3а С4Ж©гъе>*‘^^г1', ^Lt^msKio
11 №t ЪИ', C4 S© ft 5 й> CO2 ®1Й©^й‘X v' - i й‘Й1й‘» e>Kt V'Ъ. Ct S©H 5 L
Mil'£%bms. Ciг£ftt^iШfc, C,mt С4т^йИ©ЙЙгЯО«^1’,
^^©^Ж^^Лг/сН-ССзЖ^С, Жй>йЧйЙХ*££Г i 4>K
S.S. Waller i J.K. Lewis (1979) fX^t^©4 *#580ЖоихШ, C3 Wi202S,
С4Ж^ 378ЯЙ-э7с£1'оТ1'6. ЯЯсЯК'©»!^© 5 f У®#.
tg. C3 S, t’ f * ь'ЭЕ#^ Dichantherium S( 13 it It tg t *) i i •у-'-У-й Oplis-
menus < £, it £ Л> £й> C4 S i t'5 £ 5 tt, * *#©^HSi i
ZtH-itJ: ^tg^tcb 5. ±©^Jt^-*-’ < -tf * Ж Sift*
гзткАПЬКйй'Ь C3 St2>6©ii, W^©W^£'ML WWftib&vt i^llihFLti'6
©йЧ&НйЛ'. HtH. Prat, йИЩЗШки: ^^©WB©W^^^I1S, i < tc-t ©±ftti)L6
* i> Ь t ХЧ ^fc^iii№rt^^>Sig<27-©«0X', toftt^ttttoSSir ttc^-ZcoXiiO, <£Я1ЙФ
х-li—jKKL^C’tOA^ffi-fo^^iiLXV'SO-C^^-CliffiSttftoXi'X, 2n=14 tV'5t
t/Тч LX * S. 2n = 14 i. -э»!-Л7Е!»Ф1Р^^ 6 t й'ФЙ LX, «Я i V' 5 ffilgta о X % t O&KJK
S. t 5 LXftft'O*^/'.* - 1-rs. ±®ЯВ1ЙФ0»&^йг’4г7Т'-ГЫХ n=7, n = 10 OX 5 Ш4Я1'5.
* *ж^й‘^й’6Л i Ah,fc^??(^Jx.u'co2)tfflV'Xft©-®t^a<:-rs©^tsi$t
30
microhair > J; Л J. R. Reeder tl ЙзИФЙОТЛ
U(BO«©Ot 4 ^oWga''Hm«i'bWMorth ^suwojt
tKffbnxv'fc Hackel ЦЖ©#Ю££-t 5Ь4г<
tfc. U±©»^tcoi>to-ti-x&£>©•?, £f-L<fi-tnicJ:oX
Wifcn.
г © j: 5 кл > ъ V' 6 *^®й» bow^e^iltri-c-on, WW№t i'fc© tita <t a, £Kgij l й>&
Ъ & ffflfcffl® й\ E -oiiigtoil I Ъ £ t й5Ьй» O fc *) t Ъ 13il Й% л <L $ H 6 i 5 t- * о fc.
•£©§Oi *$lfc, $S© p. 520 <5 ✓' 'f >✓' Lepturus repens (Forst fil.) R. Br. i, '' P / $ Hainar-
dia cylindrica (Willd.) Greuter (ДЕЙЛЕ p.226) sti^aliFl^"СЯЛ'Я
ЖШЙ'ОЗЕ^^ШОЙ, Otia-я -Я
ИЙ i Л.x. Ъ Я £№~С V' £ О 1?, й'О< H|BJ —Цо & Ф £ L <, '' ) 7 >-b ti Lepturus cylindricus
(Willd.) Тпп.=Л/оиепиа cylindrica (Willd.) Cosson. et Drieu i JuOifct i t^ofc. Ей>Ь, ''d
•>^©?fcfe^ti'J'S!t?^*»x=9 ifctXlO, 2n=54 У / 2n=26 7?, ffi
W®i8H$*»7O^2n=28d‘e>^5nfc>b©i#^e>h.^<h^ti'^.
e>ffi^L<, ->('> z< Ж Lepturus tXC4SX’(
<r>^4 <). '' ') / * Hainardia ft C3 S’Cd' =f- "/ 9 -> -+ЙФ &Ф-С&5 £ £Zn
Ф1Ж Lfc. 'f 7 LTb'S. Zl'tct о/г < 0
МЖоСОт, ><--л
t 7 9 7^Ф7 У Р71->1-л ? й\ *) ts:^b, Я-Ш3-- ? i гШсй&Жг
*o<Lt otOtHEi 5*7-7. <ЬЬй'0^1'.
зелзе ciayton 05>w&0«g
4> i t * ofc W. D. Clayton & S. A. Renvoize “Genera Graminum. Grasses
of the world” (1986)K^l'-C-1ff;S-£-Ci'fcfc<. 5fer©-<fcfig|»JffiMo (1959)
p. 81-83 i, G. Benthan (1881), С. E. Hubbard(1934), R. J. Roshevitz(1937), R. Pilger(1954),
OM-(1957)£, 5 г
Benthan Hubbard ‘C'ti'f *$№4 =f- p* у fc=E®£|-£ 4r t’jOI-E. 2 ±$0 LfcfcttO lOtibo Л:й;,
Pilger tZfc^>t, 9®W, ftWi5IHr£4, Clayton бЖ^Цс^ЦЬ
МЛ'-С, igfflo4>OMi*lifcSi,'. fcfct©3ko^fe}XB^©41fcB{lsi^5^S^W-‘bn-Ct'-C,
-f й©»й^ф, L tФФO i fc* О -c i' 6 i i Й1Й L
ti'Sr £-СЙ5. Ld *$ш&© 3oOiS<tOi£^fct'ofc-СЙ»7, 5
9 7W1: iЖ®1&£гф’Е'1с:5Н1:(d i-oti
&ffi^*<E4r$£Lfc 5 x.-C©^-Cti*?>^.ftlWffi).
/•77-7®^----------------4-t'ffi^l-: £i Lt^^, fcfcL^y^^lBiMli^Wfcffi^.
31
С 5 Lftg-CA6 L, Hubbard © (1984)t-ttt < 6 4 ©Hte £ Л, £'йЧ A ='•? ±4-'
Ь1й»|с/7^®Й- 4- t'OtMoi'A-AiA. гНк^ЬВФклШ-Ь3 304©
’ЬОйЧ tSi/ti'WrB^LXU'S г «Ьй'Ьй'б. ^©йхй'^АМгН', f
tiffi^4©^HOJtc^< ft6H-f-c^6. ±^й*^< ©OUcig{ls(<tA'5 Л Ь^Л±1'5^^йОФбЙ
$11, А©О4ЙЖй''^$Н6£ ий>й. Clayton HC©^A^t iicLt,
JffiWft e>txtc±j®w^t V' 5 t ©fcofetclft L t<±$^ Lftc ± H, 0UAH t L a
frLtc, rfflti 30-40, 1£#©ЙИ&й‘1ЬЮ. *#Л fcHgifett, ftftL± t^S6^t(±t'5-±H, 4
о fcbflS - £ ^лНЧ©<ЧЙ>5 5..ftfflftiOj u®S^>
1'ЬНЖ©Ш©Ш^$ЙЭ&СА i ©iV'o<JA'-C^65.
Ю£й A-7® Agropyron £ Л НЛ"С ^ftffife^r, Clayton НЪ-Гй» ±15®tc|S/gL, ПЙФЙЖЖ,
Ф£, ФВ, ±-л к 7 у 7-= «-->-5УКкМ *7 ? УО^ШШНЗНЬЬЛЛО) ±I2L
•0'6. g©Wii $Ht£ft A. cristatum (L.) Gaert. ©0£rA6 i, В А© й * >/7^±fi-£
L-CjS5 %©t-&6. £|ШНВ*А©№©й^А±^1с<>1'А,
Elymus KAh.5©i'l Elymus ©ЙЖ^ ±150 ®<CA < P> Л-±0'6. A Lt
FElymus H*>4K17^ 7 ^ЖФФ 6 й>, Ж=НЛФ^©&£г t ЖШ, ££
KLX7 ? Уй'Ь^ЛЙЗ i®ELti'6.
ДЩГХС1©ай^Шб i tKJ: b, Agropyron й> Elymus й»’С,|ЙА‘СЧ'АРпШ^—
^fcWtHiAi’OVcb ±^»ЬП«>. fc/dВ/fct 1 а/сНШЬй©а +'й*»Ж
Leymus ©7 v a/7tcj; < ftlt, ЙЙА-^'ГЬ'. Clayton © Leymus i, Г±40Й,
dt§B, 1ЙЙЦ7Л€'/^у. хтуУ, LHLHW£tA(±7/U* ') 1±©±®Г1ХA5J
i^ot, B^ffife©77 + y7^mj; < ^it<±t 6.
Elymus ©&Tfcli Elymus i Leymus H$M£cLZcJS’C, Ж^©^^<О4|п]л-Йй^ь\ <L Сз^:й^*Ь%
Leymus ©^fH[ i L TlUtfti'OSt, ^й»1Ж < t®i' c i L11'$. ffiHXfi.HAM
Elymus й'ф^С^'А, СНй'Ь Agropyron й'Ж^О^ёй'С, Leymus й'<1Ь^©$Ёйч?ЗНк,
Elymus i|ff| Lt±7 йBrachypodium ±16 ®й^7 \> 7^^©^444’^1®:^Ф
-L'fcSHt,, 7xA#+l Hystrix 9 ®й'^Ж^7'±7©йтоГ^ЛЬА A J; 5 i'^glJUIS^Ht 1'6.
iSitSfe^bV'AH, «^ао^й^СЬИЬй^йЛ'Х 5tc, Д±Д±©О]«'-’ЬИЙй^1'.
BWJHHWfbHftV'. г^й'й'Ь^-Г', JU.E©Л 5 ййА^сЛхНЖоК^НйШ
Сф-t < ft 6. Zc ft ft Л b tcffiife £ L11' ft а л © B£f tyi £ о ft < i® £ © t © tc ft b 6
©t^>5 5. Linng (1707-1778)4= C. Darwin (1809-1882)ИМй'(Ь, й©Г©ШЯО^К
Г •£ ft й'6 ГibHft^~JzftЙ94t i tt L t H C t f # 6tt$tЙ Ъ b.
32
Abbreviations for morphological figures
Л 1 й Anther
Ac :|5НЙ11Е0й Anther of deistogamos flower
AW : -u|i A part of awn
BR iflS A part of branch
BRI ЖСкч 5 'J'fi! K<: Lit я. Z>) Bristle
BU :ЯйЛ L A’fV-lt Bulbous base of culm
CO 0 (11Й54-ЖЛ‘О№
Collar of leaf sheath
CS Callus
CU if" О -uli A part of culm
F : 'ME Floret
Fi :®-( FA)'Mt First (lower) floret
F? : ®_-( I' Л') d4L Second (tipper) floret
Fi 1 Ж '.'bit. Third floret
Fl 'ME Floret seen from lemma side
Fp iFlfM*' i"> A A’d'fc Floret seen from palea side
Fr iiUftL TJAWl'JC f£'> /г'МЕ Rudimentary floret
FL : IE('MEi- AOi L ASlH'l^t- A b ©)
Flower (floret removed all bract)
G : &Й1 Glume
G> : Ж tlJfK F'diiti) First (lower) glume
Gi : $ /dint I.'elift) Second (upper) glume
GR :Ю OO) Grain (caryopsis)
HA It Hair
hm №.$%. under high magnification
INFi/Uf:0—/Hi A part of inflorescence
L LWi Lemma
Li ^-(FAOd'-ftcWfi
Lemina of first floret (lower lemma)
Li АШ'НЕеЖй
Lemina of second floret (up|jer lemma)
Li : Cji MTEOriOi Lemma of third floret
Ls : Lemma of sterile floret
LI : (jsTl Ligule
LO i *) Aj£1 Lodicule
MA : (^£0(1110) ~-') Margin
MO ' ИЙТ I nil Mouth of leaf-sheath
NO :Fi'bp Node of culm
P ipJlfi Palea
Pi -d4 IE <,) P-J ?f| Palea of first florel
Pz : iff .d'-fcOP-j Jfj Palea of second floret
Pi : %! GMEFip-jIff! Palea of third floret
PD i'l'M Pedicel
Pl :*l Pistil
RA i ftFf:Л111 fill Rachis of inflorescence
RC :d'-fScO'l'flll(d'tlll) Rachilla of spikelet
RE Id'flll'^-Ш Rachilla exlention
S ' 'J'® Spikelei
Si ) 'A -d'&! First spikelet
Sz :Sf)-.d'ffi Second spikelet
Sb : ftWi t biHfflKTrWild)*• > A/cd'-fc
Spikelet seen from abaxial side
Sd : ItfiliflN (ilii+iliifii) * A A Ld'ffi
Spikelet seen from adaxial side
Sg :‘ЛЙ L A-'04- (>"<d'®.
Spikelet with matured gram
Ss I-f'^(y.'.LI'l;vK4;i.')d'W.i Sterile spikelet
SC ifilil'f Scale
SH -Ж A part of leaf-sheath
SP id'i'OI Spinules
T : W-ЖМ -k.WliWtifl)
Plant (mostly total view)
TS iOWti Transverse section
if:, S male, ii«1T female. I ttftl'li bisexual I, S S liflHld'te: male spikelei, F ;ХШ11'1 d4E female
floret, | L lirt'ILd'(Lk),!®!f(j lemma of bisexual florel 6: L' HI t'
C'fo, c •%<: U i-M'l’F)«М'&ШЙ''*- F<t ,R L A\.
33
illustrated key to Japanese grasses for beginners,
based mainly on the type of inflorescence.
A. гтЕШШШ ..................................% 1 S(p. 36-37)
Easily distinguishable by the inflorescence accompanied with characteristic
(spathe-like, pot-shaped, bur, thick needle etc.) involucres.GROUP l(p. 36 -37)
Inflorescence terminal, if lateral ones present, only a few. Without involucres as
above.
Inflorescence spike, raceme, or their compound form. The raceme includes the
form in which sessile and pediceled spikelets paired on the main axis.
C. ifEWili*<X, 'J'SUraUttlifctiJ: >)&<,
Ш** C. i ....................................6Й 2 й(р. 38-39)
Rachis thick, as wide as or wider than spikelets; the spikelets often partly
sunk in the groove or hollows of rachis................GROUP 2(p. 38-39)
С. 7Е$ШЙ6й>К1'М®.£ DWSv.
Rachis thin, narrower than spikelets.
D. ХЛ')
ИЙИН1С 1 IBo£, .............................®3S(p.40-43)
With one raceme or spike on the tip of culm..........GROUP 3(p. 40-43)
D. i),
i ИШ .....................................$4 W(p. 44-47)
2 to many spikes or racemes, digitately, subdigitately or radiately clustered
at or near the tip of culm..........................GROUP 4(p. 44-47)
..........................................$ 5 Жр. 48-51)
Several to many spikes or racemes pinnately or scalariformly arranged on
rachis...............................................GROUP 5(p. 48-51)
В. ШШЬ'?
Branches of inflorescence rebranched, making panicle.
C. ИЖ/Е/Г©®11Г < S< ,
hi*5 JUih-S).
Panicle, with very short branches, densely compacted into conical to cylindri-
cal mass.
351 SUtbT'*>7fit
.*< trt'UZi:<o-e, *
-ГЙ51
12 3 4
i.
2.
3,4.MIW(i fcftfifi)
o-Co<fE/y
K$r_n,
raceme 4 ,t
Ж4»
vW
865»
«6-7»
34
......................................................& 6 BKp. 52-53)
Panicle with neither long bristles nor long hairs. Spikelets awnless or with
short, inconspicuous awns.....................................GROUP 6(p. 52-53)
ой>, ...................% 7 ff(p. 54-55)
Panicle covered with long bristles or silky hairs. Spikelets with long awn,
if awnless with long bristles or long hairs on the pedicel.....GROUP 7(p. 54-55)
Panicles not so dense as above, with distinct branches.
D. <|'Й»1Йс Ь ..............................................8 Iff (p. 56-59)
Spikelets 1 -flowered...................................GROUP 8(p. 56-59)
D. 'ЬЙЯЛй>кНл1'НЕй‘6/х6. -ГйЬЪ**1£2-3 4<ГЕ©4><О7.:й\ 1'HE
©A&&-C, ffiO'HEfiiWfc'bL-c, ^<ttl-2fi«i№tm.......................
§19 «ftp. 60-61)
Spikelets apparently 1-flowered: viz. though consisted of 2 or 3 florets; only
one perfect and the others reduced in size, often to 1-2 lemma.
GROUP 9(p. 60-61)
D. 2-3'НЕЙ*₽>&*>)•>, -S® (i < tc^^) йЧ'7Е«*^-ал, Я-й'Ь
•Ш'НЕ0&й''Ьй‘ .......................®10Жр. 62-63)
Spikelets 2 to 3-flowered; but being wrapped in glumes, their number is not
evident from without....................................GROUP 10(p. 62-63)
D. дез (Г< th.tc2) ®~£&‘0'НЕй'6й'), fe»i®T'J'7EiPlftt
felt Л DffiV'OX', 'МЕо^т^й'ЬЛ-С J: < Ьй>?>.
Spikelets 3 (rarely 2) to many-flowered: the glumes being as long as to
shorter than the lowest floret, the number of florets is evident from
without.
E. .........................................Ж11»(р. 64-67)
Spikelets awnless..................................................GROUP ll(p. 64-67)
E. де#£ ......................................................Й12Жр. 68-71)
Spikelets awned (including minute awns) or awn-like tipped...
GROUP 12(p. 68-71)
В. 9, zK
.................................................................9’ + ->-<(p.634)
Inflorescence composed of many radiately clustered branches, each of which
with only one spikelet. Immersed in fresh water...............Pseudoraphis ukishibatp. 634)
1Group 1
Easily distinguishable by the inflorescence accompanied with characteristic (spa-
the-like, pot-shaped, bur, thick needle etc.) involucres.
Coix p.734
KM<. TEfrtWGfc.
x а л- i> "V
Cymbopogon tortilis var.
goeringii. p.72(l
tbb\'
2g*'0Ai-s>. Й
Й-Г6.
/ if )V h -V
Themeda triandra var. japonica
p.726
& 4> 1.1£ 55S
«Н"СО1-С^2>. ЛЯГй’ЗШй
ккМ
у !) / -f й'Ж Cenchrus p.646
ФЖ*-С,
иШ'гВКШ 5 к»<,
К г ф-rОК® £ п
ь.
•? •> о -V-
Schizachyrium brevifolium
р.722
-гй& ь, а
5^©X?ft^^-r. TEffi-iS
Ф#©^жят$)0фй‘вш
х. ^fto/ha
<Ь,
Ж < ЙИЬ.
> 9 >• 'У Й As t) "У
Andropogon virginicus р.718
36
Ж 2 W Group 2
Rachis of raceme or spike thick, as wide as to wider than spikelets; spikelets
often partly sunk in the groove or hollows of rachis.
««tit
W. < fc-35-ЙТ?
* <, '1'ЙК*й‘Ц-± 1 6
й5. tntcflWt.
4 ? >''
Stenotaphrum secundatum
p.620
7£ttKH##5 i M#5©'J'«WWtc
zKfflttS, ?°Ш, ffi
Hemarthria p.730~
,+: > л +'
Lolium rigidum p.134
IB-О, ТЕ»г©1Ш<с»1В©'НЕй‘
1ST', ОД i <ofStc 1 <hft4-® <.
''4 Lepturus p.520
£»i«2cmW-»c&*),
-эй'-Г, £
74 7-У
Phacelurus latifolius p.728
b Zc ffi i: O1 tc 0 £• X о <.
'J'WifilPi x> 4> <r> i <o 4> ой'>
SJcftoXV’4.
p.712-
38
39
3 1) Group 3-1
1£Я№&*ЯПЪ\>\
With only one spike or raceme on the tip of the culm; the inflorescence never
branched.
• 1 «) fafit&vsBift!», й*. <h® h и «<к»оФ7Ей» 2 J/jF «БЭДЖ iSr ffl[K Leymus mollis X?- p.430 ' <©/1'7Ей*'2У11КЗ£о:. Weth у j K.&e. 'j'Momftv». 1 5». 1, ^'/a^'JBs Elymus( H Ж£> *-t "И 7 p.402
G । / Ж Л', 4'йи 1 - 2 'ЬТЕй*6 ft t>, ® stttsttt-c, 'hiosttim Ullt О±К8о-С0ЙЧ < 4 9 >r \/[tli 7 V -C fiit (й^) Й;!Ё <. t S к \^7 /X-'i'tg Hystrix p.432- ll •J- **->^-nc®xd'WX'>ft< t r<ilf?)K-o^ ®А'й'И6й> 4Й«4>.1Й»7-91ЛО У 5 И + -Г Л « > / + я Brachypodium sylvaticum ' р.400
"V 'J'»i 3 'MEй> 6 ft -> X, @ fc -> X^¥.^o510-15ffiUT«0 2e % о fcW>Tfl И Vft\ -tfiH/j'KWfti'. иЦЛЁФ^Ф. \ \ •+ а— 9 й’V \ \ Brylkinia caudata р.226 —p Si^feO^i, £< OiHlFgtcfeis Ыг fcOWiZMciClfc t ffytMt ] 1'. ld«S2e^4>t>, TEttlt U Л// iFr^-t <, <l'?84-ottfc« 4Й ш/// ъ- Pogonatherum crinitum p.694
/ ФтМоФТЁй'Ь*'). Й-d' Лу / 7Efciiia;Z/>ofc£t, O5iclfc£ MG й/ НЛЙЙ±£.о/Ь lU т мяшвк!®, &*е®л /Ь// / 91U Tripogon if p.464- *||| /Й Л 'JWd', fcH-X, »-<1'Й©з6Щ«Я<Х “Z / !"'$ Zoysia p.534-
, ©'НЕй‘Ьй m >). 11ш X’ -¥®-Ь^Й№б№ 2 Я1КЗЕ Пт lliMj // У .+- 7 a 4=-'® Lolium p.128- Illite t к 'X »ШЙ < йг^Я-э. + -V-'-V- Oplismenus undulatifolius var. microphyllus p.544
$ Lfl 4. 101ВЫТ©4'Я1й'‘Ш«КЗЕ^. 5 fc-т >/ •*) Festuca ovina ssp. ruprechtii p.110
40
41
«W3W<^2) Group 3-2
Otfb. gto^K< i4i©?¥offiiW
КШ41ШЖо1?оШШМ1'&).
With only one raceme or slender raceme-like panicle on the tip of the culm ; the
inflorescence with no or a few, erect and short branches. (These plants will
reappear in the following groups provided with typical panicles.)
&. 'H8fX*ftgf4-lWXSn,
3 МЕй> 6 ft 9, ФЛ©/|<4ХТ<
5ё£хфг<, igJgLftV'.
«A^<Xd'7E4-tefe5.
'J'Wift'h, Й»ХФ^ХКЙФЙ
ЭД. J»Lfc£WixaffWxgto>
Ь^НХ^-Ьб.
X 5к^х.6%<ой>Ь, ifflV'Hit
X&£.
= > й*-Г Melica nutans p.220
ФХ : / Ф® Sporobolus
p.496-
Ь n £ <J'S8tX r < t if ь
X, *Ш7Е#<0Х
itfcSm-t*. ®gt
2Й,
-Г<-й£й’>Ш£.
7*-Ц — #-f
Schizachne purpurascens ssp.
callosa p.224
4«X 3 -10'J'ft, SfiiXM^xg
i ft 6 ft fiX > > / >r
X^®i- grtbfr,
МТШШНХзи
1 5 K.^. x. 6 Лй>й
Vulpia p.136-
G
'fill 1 4<й> b ft 9, 'ЬШ&
Й^й5*4.
S h.
6. ftfeCOSiiOft/flXiBftLfc
^©^й^ЖТ-i 4>£и.
L pz>/ г^^Г-v
Stipa coreana var. kengii p.96
4 ft Й2КФК.И x. Ъ
X, 7ЁЯР(Шй''ЙЙ-МЬ/с®Ж^
5КЛЛ5. d'WiRft
tt, 8-15/HU 9 ft 9,
-=Ё. ^<(Х7Ж, ЩХВДЬй’.
A 7 ± U /-v-
Glyceria acutiflora p.208
>> + ff -V G. depauperata p.210
lilU + t-tix S Li'M?
X, 1ЙФ<с(1 9 A/)ttC*6:fe:B;itfc
tftilttt'X 5К1ЛЙ.,
6^'ЫЙй’‘о<. ФЖХ1'НЕХ
Oftb, £tC*a<gV'-&5*>*4.
7 -Tt-X i й'-v
Muhlenbergia hakonensis p.518
i®
X,
<h$U. 2 S
»с±^|Я*Ь).
-4 >z<
Lepturus repens p.520
42
Ж 4 «о i) Group 4-1
КШ£йОисЖЗ £Ct£i L * ^'Ч147ЕШс 1 4'lL«>oi>4v<).
2 to several spikes or racemes clustered subdigitately at or near the tip of the
culm.
J •« 1 1 / 1 J JW f Y fl' 1 <b tEo £ 5 m, Ж— f \ й'ЙЖ^ЙЬ'ЛФГб^ЖХ < 5. ]| ft £ ^ £‘©«Ш'ШШ-^315тйО ®feKftx.6. > t ->'<M Digitaria p.622 lk\ Ж \ ' л c.ogioTEif’kt-otc-C', й'>Щ 6*‘K&fflU±©'J'O'f>4 ,Z| 6 toft, a*‘Kfi^ -22 У/Ц //и dWtS¥, E Жу Ж Л6й\ •yn^exttitiK» гнб. Я t Eleusine р.490-
/ d'fflftR®, il'Wt, 1 ФТЕ® J. 5 K4i, SSI! ЖЙ1©^В£< £, 1 I Ji f)V\ .’,'i:;; <<* f x x’ 2 2 t Paspalum p.582 Г i Лкй/мХ-^й+б^^-с, S ft&ittftffim ftS&cin. 80 5Ьк^<Ойй'^Ь. / ОЙОз&фК 1{ЙОФЙй;о<. / > + Pseudoraphis ukishiba р.634
1 1. (i ФМИЛ'ЫЕй'Ьй!», £8<£й'> V -эЛ2ЙО^й'‘Й^. Vj, ^ttl'fbO, ’ У V'fc. •Ж •.172 b s 7 bУ '< Cynodon dactylon p.528 * If w. ж^« V X 4<«МО'КЕй>Ь&!), № j/i < к«/ьш5^й>йи£<>#а0 ^.•1/ 1>>-о. ЖЬ. г^/ ;йг ^7/72 fl'-v Г Dactyloctenium aegyptium р.494
V 111 О W % К f X x. £ 'b £ ft £ ^ST. 8ИА-Э 5 2 ffl t ПК 3 ®. d'»ft 1 d'76*> Ь tt t), 1 1 £©Д1'££#Н!1. ' J Л !) -Г + ’ Dimeria ornithopoda p.716
44
45
4 2) Group 4-2
& Ж; * fc Ш Г ФЙ © /ей) Я 2 ® ~ £ %. & -С, © Ж t tc К % О й <
i fc >i и t Ъ.
2 to several spikes or racemes clustered subdigitately at or near the tip of culm.
'ЬЙЯ£< Ж2) 3-4 ФГбй'Ь
* 9, ST© 1 /NEfc-ЦйЭДй.
'1'Те©»Л:И-©е:й-‘Щ«>. ФТЕК
t fg Chloris p.522-
7 > 7 Л Microstegium
p.696~
d'atfSic & -Э -t iHU i S.
$ fon<04'¥
'.НЙОт^ИйЛ'С i ЪЯ>Ъ.
ТЁЙЧЖЛХ Hi^x+KW
о < >) 1£i>\ ^:©7ВЙИ 0 й -> fc
Й5&<>t>. SS-tiMTrh-T
d'«loSa©^Hx
x*EoH»i'ft< ftV'.
Eularia p.fi90-
d'»ft
ТЕ1?^й^-г
4s4sbHX.^x.6. C'zssyfgi
Si-.
Witi^oi iSoti-6. Ш13
(й~&+®о<.
Miscanthus p.672
!14fl2cmU±(c^Z(:9,
ой'-f, ;fcV'Ol>15>$LT, %
4й£*1й©4<й5Ж'±-Г*.
7 -f 7 •> Phacelurus latifolius
p.728
7' i~ if >> Arthraxon hispidus
p.724
'h>il'J'?e©.t 5 KA<6. %
f й'йит-Ь,
ИйМЖ>4<, OW>ft<-c
46
5 i) Group 5-1
Several to many spikes or racemes subpirmately or scalariformly arranged on
the rachis.
'J<tt 1 <ME*'b К 9, 2
йНЖ?Ё&С.5-<т, *
®ПЙО*ШКГ <io5.
й X / з / v
Beckmannia syzigachne p.368
Slta-Ql/C, 'Mfc'JW'a
И1<ЯИЧТ1.£. 'hSBft
(2)ЗЯ~Й®ОФ7Ей‘15*9.1
tf UXWfeKi%t5. i®%£.
Leptochloa p.456-
Хл-=" Eriochloa villosa
p.580
1 'КЁй^/г 9,
<1'Й«^й‘И± 1 /1'ТЕй'«ЬйЬ.
1 *оЖ*М5 4>©4>Й5.
3IUWJK<, №\,Ж&М£;ЬЪ.
=" •’Г-’ГЧ11" Setaria plicata
p.598
'Н»И£ < ©4<й*«5Й: 9,
K»1I3№*<>*>, 56^<i4®o
tia&bb.
t'kriiXS.
Diplachne fusca
p.460
ftoXW^L, 5l>S©*£'NE
*&t>. ih-tcWL
Dinebra retroflexa p.468
<1'йиь^ж^гас»ййй'«, s
Brachiaria villosa p.578
1*Т©1Й«К:«£Х,
5SHife£t®, -к9й'‘Вй,Х
Й^9о. W-
Eft
7co<.
=i-^r j Oplismenus
p.542-
fxiiz/z z e^Jgrtj; <ffi-ci,'£>*'>, ЛО1 SKOISHS.
-)-»,= e^№Eriochloa M—S»ftB4tLX6fe«®14-,X'haioS®4fi 9«&. Ф®О¥Ьй®ИЙ«ЮТ«к«>К.ЙЛ«9.
xxz z t^JgPaspalum...ULfc^'oXSfeoBtfVx < ), 'J'WO’F<.
48
^5^(^^>2) Group 5-2
$£лшхьгг$к?о<.
Several to many spikes or racemes subpinnately or scalariformly arranged on
the rachis.
1 'НЕйЦ-й'^ё
-e, ИЙ4ХМ, SSlofcoitf
t-Ao«:to < . ®i№ < ,
CtFK, SlKifflioXffiV’ffiiZt
D,«©JRtX»©d'IRX-feMih.5.
tf-V ? -‘tgi Lophatherum
p.440-
'NUhiFW-W. OOcSiLfc
ffla*'¥ъ-сФЛЖй:a £t>, Mil
«С® L (XA- < Ъ ts. <
£ftjR©*5¥fcV'44Ea4H-C <
Ъ.
T'-X > 7 Paspalum
p.582
<, Я-^ЙК
d'SUX й'К^с \ »й>о®
5. fcv>.
ь Echinochloa p.566~
d'MKXfXtxJt^T-. ®gm<.
^T?5fi< 2 Й
»У2Н-й‘1Ьй:й. ®й<сЛ£, £
£WifcfXfc'£ibo<.
7-y A Leersia japonica
p.82
ля
0©«йй', B©W
«WbKSSriFcJrh., d'JSii
7 -te7-^'-Z
Saccharum spontaneum var.
arenicola p.670
Тй> i), ЛЙ iЖЙоФЙйЗДк
zt-ox^izro. £t>e>%#5*8
L-Cfts. ТЕ/РойЙКсДДй»*
5.
7У5
Spodiopogon cotulifer p.668
^й^-=ё-с*?>. BoWttd'l
o jftffit LZ^Ot) t ^04 -JiSoX
V'5. 0ВД6ЙМ:
*v.
h * 7 Я Я +
Miscanthus floridulus p.684
-tan Sorghum 4> Ai.
50
]’4r7XX*
Ж 6 Group 6
tigV'£fcW>,
With one cylindrical to ellipsoidal, densely compacted panicle on the tip of culm;
spikelets awnless or short awned, without long bristles.
Id'ZE&teC
#_Ьклх 1 JiJo^ й'<£ t> ® й>£
I'. d'YElX-SSE iUcJtU.
Л X > 2 7 у .-t-t 7 ®
Alopecurus p.360
d'SStX 1 d'ZE X <) УХ >),
2E»x£&Lt£V'. «¥•<?,
t ft о tot
Щ1, d'ZE(t'SS^ffi±KiSLt
«fc5.
7 7 U Phleum p.370
ФИН 1 d'/E© X 5 ^^^6й'>,
^±*d'YE©TK- 2 t ft tx1 fg®
igftLftd'ZE^*?,®^^®. ZE
5 %®ШХЙ'О
P 7 s Phalaris p.282-
d<tt 21B~M-ro^ft t 9,
?> <dx-.
-ЙЬх®й‘‘Ъй»?>. d'Wxa>fc
ft.
-> 7 s >'< Tragus racemosus
p.532
d'«ft&Xft < , 2 d'ZE
i>\ Tod'ZEiXi&ftL, Id'ZE©
X5k^x.6. SSlXd'H©
1/2» i'ofi $ t?, SSBtxd'SB^ <t
9 g < . * ffl £ © ®№ lox £ *>.
z' < я л !) ® Sacciolepis
p.562-
d'WXffiSt®, ®—
d'W01/2rtft, З'Кй»fett!),
4’-b®d4Eftffitt, t^od'ZEit
Mtt-e, ««feO-^KisisWi*.
z'?v*'-y]g Anthoxanthum
p.270-
d'»t 3 d'ZEx-^d1, 5 2.+: p к.
s / .t: в Ft
Rostraria cristata p.250
<tt *> i>\ EfcfcbH.
ТЕ/^ад^-с,
й'»Х' £ ?>. d'SBl* 3 d'ZE X 0 tc 0,
1, ЗШЧ
t>, 1Ж©Ж^«Н-Й'‘Й6, ЙМ
(Ш < хКЖЙВДйойЭДй.
; 7 4-; p Koeleria pyramidata
p.248
7 7з >Phalaris arundinariaoifi'Ж 7-^79Calamagroris epigeias, t 9 V zC. autumnalistc t"&Я?69 ^-Jv,
52
1
Т'УЛ'Х'Ж
53
Ж 7Group 7
3s, i:
With one cylindrical to ellipsoidal, densely compacted panicle on the tip of culm;
the panicles covered with long awns, bristles, sometimes with silky hairs.
. Ф38(ШФ, mw-c, ы j. / 'Ke» Г//] / ,// / Ш L J Л1Ий£о®Я1'±. Polypogon \f p.354- hl Ill / 0. I/У1 oZc'h^ifeisj. '/У/, y/i *ЫсЙНМ-5. Cynosurus р.ш
TV \l i 1 гг г 5-10 /// / 'КЕй^ад, 1// / / 2-3cm, ®^й»£1'. Bromus t L w f tiHf + t * Bromus rubens p.384 1 I, i 1 nh V /1'ЙП*й‘Ц± 1 'НЕй>6М. 'J'3im©3tc |Z <>RL«,<C®C5. Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii p.688
'ЬЭДадй'ИЪ 1 'J'TE, Л ] / , £И4Л\ ИШ Ц /// ЧШКЙЯ-йъИЬй: to $>*£>. w/£tz/ ' / ^v'- МГ V. Pennisetum ’’ p.636 & W.k 1 d'TE, ttSWI । ffitt'HEO? < CDtflii'&i.£11414 'ЬЭД©Тй> i?*v Й1ЦШ 5. h 1) 2 xj p Setaria p.596-
<hwtt 2 - з <j<, £ <. rЙ b td'TE’t'Str. 'hftog s'—/ ^(Х5Ей52Э!и, ^©Гв1й‘Ы С Л///~Г~~~ ПХЙй'»-7Й:£й'‘Ж5. И1 Y ! j - Z У /-V-iBi Trisetum (alpine) p.238- Mi Snilife -51U * a U. й'-t 5. '1'81! 3 {B-f ОЙЙЕ-С t 41 1), +« / / -44:ЙЙВУкЙ^£<!:4?>. 4 st a 4*® Hordeum p.436-
5 z .+: я <- Rostraria cristata. -r7 7 Calamagrostis epigeios, s-t т z *’!)-г л C. sesquiflora, 7 Л’ + .К Vulpia,
Л - z U Trisetum koidzumianumtc f c i Я.5Я 0 J?"j4 >.
54
55
Group 8-1
(Wfttf-C, 9 'У У t УЯ2 ФТС
lU±o4©Ti’iSft-t5).
Panicle; spikelets 1-flowered (in Coelachne and Diarrhena mixed with 2-flowered
ones).
Ai d'Httt < , 9 mmU±.
li / In // та // ж < «if e> сшн <. ®»нж : / 'МЕ4>®й<ЕЙ*-е. R«fe, fa /1 йСй'^б.
> ’ -г з •? Zizania latifolia p.86 \w / Stipa pekinensis p.94
w w /J'ffltt''Ho < 1 tMй>, TEfl=©ftHtr<'>Zi:<Xig*L, -Я «#№1:5^5. КйфИ. t И 'X / /. Ц\’ Stipa coreana var. kengii p.96 (Шбй'М'гь.? aortic, йгйЧЬйк.йна^ I ФЙ'^&й^б. | Brachyelytrum i erectum var. japonicum p.92
A2<H6ti'M <, M$1.5-6mm.
В, tct'. 1 d'Wttn^nfc^T-. г <> /rV( 3 'SSStifc1-'. ® ЛГ V ? *!? -V-^ Leersia p.78 ’] ФЙИ,Й¥-СЛ:<, О(©£1Ш аЕш,шжхл< 1 fffiot5Kft5. го^О'Нь H «й^сйй'йс^-. ®^. Y У У > 1! + Ц Chikusichloa aquatica р.84
B2 *6. Шгш>а2 Д GR -3 cm. II i/W’M 6- ft/?®#**—Я*й£1*:-с, i rfb 1 WW &'J'»4roW-5. «SgU»®, ГЙ^ у/ сшг, «овдй'ькнп*. Phaenosperma globosa p.74 Zl\ i*5. ^©||§ад<. 1-1.5<жК‘ / \\ *5. «ФШЭОЖЦА. N/y \у Neoaulacolepis treutleri р.312
। । Й1'е©{ФО'ЩЬА:®1®й:Ф«8й*^ оХ»Я1кЙ CORitrE^ | ] < t ^tc®yc^x.6 %© t> t£ Il |1й1Я Muhlenbergia v ’ p.506- 'МШЙМ\-ЯНй«© г. Е U К /1 6й"', №&?Ъ <Ей>й»)&1'ЙЯ \V?y к\у ЙВД. \Уу *Xi J frjgi, Sporobolus р.496
Е№tc £ h.i-A E> A6 Й ? lOcmfi Л ® 1^’t' d<©^< М V/ ft 1 'J4E7?*6й'’ i/A У) d'TE L t£2> ОЙ'>4 $'6. A/ \\z ttfr Coelachne japonica ” p.656 их G? О Kl W0 WtHU-C. T( e yJS Diarrhena p.88-
56
b2<t>&U) Group 8-2
НШЮф-С, ft £ 1.5-6 шш. £$('>&<
tfcSiiOfti'.
Panicle; spikelets 1-flowered. Spikelets small, 1.5-6nun long.
4'««Й4', ®ЗН1®№х- 2 or
Й1г, %^-Fnig*LfcS^(>
o. /Mmiffi-dSgUS-foi
Sv*. Ш?»Х7ЕЖ«Ф£Ий'‘Т-
£*>й5,
zka, JH22ft£©ig
flj±.
t а =c. у Jgj Polypogon
p.354-
9, ^й?*5. BH-iOfr
*0, ЖЗЕ^-^2А>Л5*
ЙНХЖЪ*.
-f 7> я s.+’ Milium effusui
p.102
-aiglttliW. Ш, й< 2-ЭКЙ
lixttii», ФйШ1¥. 4'
т1?г4'Зй?:*ЧЪ. ®gu
i^lUottTI&iferii
U.
7ttf+ Cinna latifolia p.358
4'7ElXJ?©J?V'3®gtfcl>t>. W
5br£i^£6. Ю»Ш!
lW&4S£jiAzCi<, №
»нхж*>4. гг<хлт
7- ЙГ+
Oryzopsis miliacea p.100
^©ЗЬй'ЫФ^Ш LfcElift
<, X
5 -trt—Я Lt г льй'ъ.
4'SUft<k&-etrtь. Ф®в*<о
i§ltl£.
ЬУТЙ'7 7 XX4-
Stipa alpina p.98
4'SSrt <-i t. a, г fcdta
й V' % о (XW) -c, d'TEo£Sf'
шеи < 0ЙО. Bigg
о^й'ЬШ-сйй^хух, te.
'G © ?>.
7 if') -V лй Calamagrostis
p.314
'ЫЙ4Х&$ 2-3mn©4©*:'»L
^L'T, 4'SS©4'SV'£££. 4'
ТЕй'^^х OffitV'CL it-atfS
^й»о <(к / з 7 A / ТЛ:14’й'
4'7e t a t. a, a is)*). в© 6 %
©ЛйХ1Ч©<!:й^6.
я й ,-HJg Agrostis p.290-
я й ФЙ©ЙЙ4
*4ig*Lfc*e^i5. Ш
ШШО1©йй'<<, МШ
•t < s ? я й гкЩ Apera p.351
58
59
Ж 9 Group 9
1Ф7Ей‘Ьй2>. 2-3ФТЕо^о-с^^й», Д±©1
Ф7Ео*й^£-С, T^od'TEliilfB^d'LX, 1
Spikelets apparently 1-flowered. Though the uppermost one perfect, the lower 1-2
florets reduced only scaly lemmas as long as or shorter than the perfect floret.
%-'S!gt(G.)tt'b3BJ: i)
<, 'h3B©£®fc £ 0 ^ <. Ф©Ф?Е
(F) Я& < x ftiR © & Ъ й» % ©
jo^wits
TT6.
+ ь'И Panicum p.550
3<НЕ©5*>. T*©2ffltMI&f>
^©^©^fcigftLXV'5. №
х-Т ^Гй1©гЬ Ъ FWEff * МЧ
Й*) tcti Anthoxanthumti®4P]4'
if 4Чо%©й*£л\).
>g<t
9 y, 3 e, ^.; tj
Anthoxanthum japonicum p.278
SSkSi h.it/h7E©«SEKig-(t L tz
21В©®ЙВйФГЕй'«*!>. jg-ftd'TE©
зКЙПсл-э 5 &Ф
Phalaris arundinacea p.282
i Шй©ФШ{*№й->-о*,
90 Г <!: tCgJH, ф®£ £ %
ГЕЗШЙЙ.
**7 7 7 7.7. dr-
(7 7 ?ЛЛ^&Й5<)
Spodiopogon p.664-
£ Siffi © ФЙЙ'Й К. fc < X о t,
швшвч. ®^©№ад
Ьй>Х-, ЛЛШМ90Г i. РСЙНгЗ С t.
*'•£<&*. Т7з©3£<Ю£Д1-Йй'
$>Ъ.
7^777^
Spodiopogon cotulifer р.668
2 (й©#«жи*ш> 1 'JW''
ййЧЭНХЖЪ* C 71>
7 +®£|SJ$.
e p p -7® Sorghum p.706-
•Д£ Mffi©'MS4 -5 X о £,
атй<Х%Яй>*4.
V'XZu6£, TictX^tt©^©*^ о
tz < -ol'Xl'frl,'.
tz 7 7 77df-
Capillipedium parviflorum p.710
ФЙ©ЖзЙИ+ t'g£ i -> < i) til
й\ ФЙ© ЙЖ£ < й' Ы - 2
ft©Hjfc/M£*j£5. ^/7 а у til'
0© <t 5 <>-7©iiUTsi
a.
< 7 7 7 Setaria chondrachne p.S
!>•++f S. palmifolia p.596
A£<, *©T7№£KaWdtfKjig
ft L fc 2 ® ©ФТЕ/АгЬ 6 GfclSaG).
< 7' Oryza sativa p.76
ф#килс 5 3®©«tt©sy>iM.
£ ^©igiS^ftoXAofti:'
<. о *->5S < «Я'
(SS).
ff' < -tf-v-Jg Oplismenus p.542-
60
>1(W Group 10
2-3 florets being enveloped by large glumes, the number of florets are not clear
from without.
д Ia 2 - 3 <ME < н-ситевшжгя-й* ьл. 1 J -40cm<DFWE#fcoW-5. ФЙИ£Н ЯК, ^АФ2Ф7ЕйяЬй!), T>. ИЙЙ, ЯН» m »>ь-гй*к®<г jKt'gaw ai^i 8 Arundinella p.658-
л ’J. &i 1 ФЭДкс 0 - 3 А. <Ф^ф-С % о i ФШ'А t ь'. Л 5 л л Avena р.232
ж / г ФК2Ф7Е^ЛЛ. _ЬЯ© 1<МЕка*< 2> Ч <t®a'>ofci!2Z>'>£ 6. •yy'rif-V Holcus lanatus p.258 A U\l/7/ f >), atS|S)A© 2'hlEA>6ti 1 Т^'Ь/ЕО^й'ЬАЬ'Дей^Х, r. -СЙй*>£. Л- -Л- й - У ') Arrhenatherum elat® p.230
ШФ№К(Ш'.1'8|М 'J'S® «1Ай&£йИ-с8;И., ЗФТЕй'^ГхО. Ф£©'1ЧЕ(ХТ'^£ч?ФЗ < $3ILfcV'. .Iw V', < t«x. 6d'®!© < '1«ад: *ii >) fs)A© 2<МЕй>т. т'1'7Е»£*й>ь^©¥®-С-1ч)^^5. Я А Й©ЙД1й,>|г1й:о.
з x Л'-V Melica nutans p.220 w ~iS Isachne p.650-
d и</ д if5li|©£»Jfe£. «tttWSSitc 6. даг», жтиййи-е??® &2(3)£й^0 * Ф з / лл Т'Ы® я-нфсхжз&ю. “ ! ^y \ у < Ь А, фК. 3 ФШ!! T© 2 ФТЕЛИЙ-Сйят, ±(фг,:1 \ 1'НЕ»Ш1Ф. #>Ъ. ¥№© => > Ф й Ji¥$. ЯМ1’ / Я-к£*оТЖЕФ*.
i у з > ля + ® Deschampsia p.252 <-6 > ffi Hierochloe ;>.264-
। yl W?/ ; w J 7 ^©StfetctiA^W*. К2'MEI 2Ф7ЁО2:^»Т^Й' W«tt. tstibfc< Ztt'. Coelachne japonica p.656 i Vv\ Мй' < ШЯйФШго^.. gglift31.5-2.2м, 2/КЕй>е>«с!). 1;. / 4А:(Х2ей'‘гЬб. Aira р.260-
62
Hll^(^i) Group 11-1
РШТЕ/W, 1ШЗ-5№k( = ^7 ->lli
7-9№Oo
Panicle. Spikelets 3 to many-flowered, awnless. Lemma 3 to 5-nerved except for
Briza.
л©-'- ft^oi^s-e®;
ешь.
□ /<7 7>>g Briza p.I54
i 5 -CfiZt < , 3 - 5 M.
4 £ аз ®йк t n Л 6 Wo Л v' %
^-C, Icmrtft, ft
2Кй'>£0,£< К 3-6'НЕЛ 0 4
ъ. 'НЕ©ййгтй^й’*«Л4.
ят#+ Molinia japonica
р.448
ftffitSl'&OftKfefM'l
lift,.'ЖI
(4)'ЬШ40, MftLfcgl
Soft t ЧМФи'Ж 1ЛШ
t£ b CffiS).
9 У з t yjg Diarrhena ы
*!ЖФа50Й111±.
®S’b®s%t%K3jR, im?£
#i7c i), £(it£V'(C’-> з г?*)-
9 i> $ 7 * 7 *
Festuca takedana p.126
SEP'. ^Sii3K, m
SZ>’E>ftW-aiLX«t, fig
P)fc-kt*vJ'ittLKS5.
л X > #Лт]Ць Eragrostis
p.470
'1'ЙИС2)3~»'НЕЛ»?й4<>
ой'>£<,
Ло5££ C>
£40, 5 Bit.
ВШ-
4>©Й'4<Л\
-ff rf?i-Цг-'В? Poa p.158-
(tWtt©^5b.<?rf7t*Ko«#<05tftblfLW®S1l«''SLt, *-
iO-x^oX 54®»сйс64>©й'*6. rn^gffiWioodedi ЛА-сч^И*-
-J -7i-*'ffio£S№i4i'7A ШВ:|£©Ж^4btl'fctfcV'-CKОЙОt
Ot4tJ4>, 9'^03^, 7Efl;fe£^.
64
Hll^(^^)2) Group 11-2
Me. BWi5- 7ЯО
Panicle. Spikelets 3 to many-flowered, awnless. Lemma 5 to 7-nerved or more.
ft f c ft x 5> Я-* n
t, i < 11ШЗ
-10mm,
-I?
3 - 4 <Js7E*4«bft
)¥<,
о JK© ft i А ЕИ?ЙЕШ'
Festuca pratensis p.122
+ 7 н+: •> -м у
Festuca japonica p.118
-c, ^-fftfpb^,
tm>. gSBKiR-'ga''**#,
-Y ?- =• -7 7- ^g Роа © X 7 ft Д
v' % ofifc^ft ft Ъ ft i'.
tU>
U7EIT-OX Ь K^x*. '1«:
Stt. 7 -17гКй>6Й:%.й
Ж^Ё. (i 7 9П-С, ЖИЯР
777 K-> a * -7 7-^g
Puccineliia p.146-
£ + Л'-V
Glyceria depauperate p.2]r
®tfe£. 'hilt 3 - 7 'НЕй^Ъ ft
?>.
ЛО5 7BR-C, Rttt< П < Й
lio. 0 й‘И СХШ.
К •> а > -7 7- #g Glyceria
р.208
»l'
Mb*>ftft&ft W.'
2>'<1С--Г. $-®ЙКЗЙ*1
OA'»ESiJ^t$4i6.
1ШД.
'' < К У a £ 7 7-
Torreyochloa p.l5(V
ШФ©;М;1ЙФ.. t.
3 - 5 <МЕХ 0 ft 0, HW'&fcW ft
lUltf-CTftlnK ssa'ww. ±
«d'LXV'5.
Oifii® V' 7 - 9 Bit ft 4 О. Ж«йя
^Wx-, SiKXZuft^tcfcfeb
h.6.
7E*:o^,
iii©^«Ttcii^., (E®
Ф»1Тй?т,
2'h7E^£-C, .hKigltLi
iT- У'' Melica onoei p.222
= 7 *'-v Melica nutans
66
й
67
Ц12^(Г«1) Group 12-1
FWftfF-C, ФЙИ 3 •), W^. 4<ГС©£«*^}1'Ьадк^й>;и.
Panicle. Spikelets 3 to several-flowered, long or short-awned; callus and
rachilla hairy.
igtte о i® ?₽ к ft x. i ®-Л® о
j£-c. W-tt* £ 2 cmlU±t $>&?>.
'ДОЖ у - Й-=ё tie fc-ЪП,
< **.?>.
Ciligii'.
/'/г? Arundo donax p.444
«*t'*atux.5^
'HE<D$«Ji£<#ff<
i'S^«r«±, 'КЕШ!
a<05fcJiiffl<«V'X. IW.
X 5 jc.*x.<5.
s Phragmites p.15
*jHf фЛЙВП |1|Жt Ji 7L Z>
'J'ffloSSri'fiV’C i
Ji з yffi L-Л-йт-й>6й‘, S^eJi
ena i’ft < Ji fc I >. ЦЙ5&ЙК’
*ИЖ
44
9 7 /. /-y-
Hakonechloa macra p.446
/kffl Ф Ж© ?.Ш1- 4 it К 4i;'
d'lllJi3-4']'(£(“
9, SSJi5-79R, 15W
6-Г, fo+SJiC*-!*1
ffl-f. £!ШФ-СМН
5 -у- -у -v ?• + e +
Helictotrichon hideoi p&
WffioMOW* t1 tit*. 6
Л i> 'J'ftJi e < t Ji 6 -c,
lg$o£J«g<
2§1L,
7 * — У — Л" +
Schizachne purpurascens
ssp. callosa p.224
±fttJJi'bZt^i5*
?>. d'ftJi 2 - 4 ФТЕЛ'ЬА: 9, g
£Ji 3JPR, £йЧЬ$< 2 SIL, Д
1Ж7Е4>Х-
•?- a 9 -b '/ Л'!) V X
Cleistogenes hackelii p.462
'ЬЙ113'1ЧЕй‘Ьй-эШ
Ф^й‘«>9, 8ЙВД
siL, ал-<огай>балЕВ:
•ClCti, й'О®ЙФ5. 'i<
Д-=ёа'>£<5.
ii - 7 У /-УЧТ-ЙЁ)
Trisetum bifidum p.24!
у- у -7 Л - 7 У (1ЗД)
T. sibiricum p.246
68
Ж12^(^-о2) Group 12-2
1Ш£?, W^(^Kx’bo^<tr), ФЯ©ЙЙ
Panicle. Spikelets 3 to many-flowered, long or short-awned ; callus glabrous.
к Л i ±л-15.Ф»1«з-б/Ь7Ей‘е>* . //Oi ° ftttoilMt- \^х/ Г/И Й^Х^ХО<ЙЯ^%-Э. \WI//K £>561’®^i>l^> >), Al \W/ й -e ff-T Dactylis glomerata Yf p.206
IV yr 'J'»»3-10'K,S®HM^X'® ! 1 ®O56fi^i7x2>7xi’O,^tt7 > I 7 X/iNgi-Stt*. Ьй>Ы ll ^X-, ZEff^WC, Й7ЁЙЯ J у / ЬХ'^7Е1?оЛ 5 ic^. TO. ^?>^Z£t'X-ftrx2>. П Vulpia p.136-
if
>>•>/ it'.
7 > / T Festuca p. 104-
x X > / =f-t Jg Bromus i
<, S
PglitS^^ib-o^fflLfc^©
WLL,
X- Ъ -> / T f/-T
Festuca arundinacea p.124
-th-A:ltX4 Bromus-CH&V'*>i
®SSi'>ofle>h5(BUio5 C' .z/ TH
Th e p-7 -?->/ WITOt«®3WBi'>4<.
o-btc^/hTE-&ШЗ 1-3
п.и:г<о%©й‘ЬйаВк.й:5'Ь<о«-е*г>й5,!й-гжзй<огй'>ой:и«й4&«2й1ьл1й<оа1>}-<оМй‘е>шх, шьа»
catztt'. ф«|<о®ЖйЧ>й^ЖЬйкЙ«гй‘И*В1^^да.гЛЛ;1'. fcis:Bo.&#Wc^fc-,-Oi, SJg# ism
ой» з JRJU-tfcой»к4i %±ЯХ'Й2>.
2 f-r t Bromus p.376
70
Л '> TaKIKIBI, KASHlMAGAYA[Jap.]
Phaenosperma globosa Munro ex Benth., Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 59(1881).
вшш<, 0.8-1.5m. ^fXft$30-
50cm, *S 2 - 3cm, $ 0 , <h ОИйЭДЛ <!: ft-э X,
»тш, . жт «зёж-пх.ьй
WZ>\ft 215cm<c Ж^ХЖЛ'L RgtiW 0 , (ft $ 5 -10mm Uotl'U* U'.
РШ7Е1ЯХД$30-50ст, ®0^< Й®йЧ§¥т?ЖкЖй*>0. КйФКхШ
r 2-8£<O'b&fctt!-ffc«>, <t 5tc^£, ФЙ('Х8Ш&, ft
$4шшИ<ВХ', 1ФТЕФ6й£. ^-^iXft $2.5-3 mm, 'ЗЯШД $ 3.5-4 mm. К
Й, 1-ЗЖ, UfUiW£^T¥35-C£l-tS. ЗЖ,
IXfcl’. 2K. L-L-<!X3®. SIX* $ lift 3 mm, W
•C, ®2.5-3mm, £®tc ВЪй^ о <t ^^ОИй‘^±¥-^й’^Ш L
<тЖ ?fefeftfX2n=24.
(ТЕМА) 8-9 Я. ИЯ, Aftl. ИМЙЙ, ФЯ*1£~Т > K(7-y-y-a).
9 < УЖЖГХФВАЖ US)£<7»!r£') а4оЖ'/Х^#©Й^й>Д1<М<Е/£^. ^tX^ifit/Lt'm
iS$5-10mm, <hWX 1 /J4E, M^('X^®-Cg2.5-3 mm, F'|nJ £ <> ©
17 ->7 0#g-C, l^lSlffiO^boZc^^WC^S.
Large perennial growing in warm-temperate forests. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 0.8-1.5 m
tall, with short rhizomes. Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, 30-50 cm x 2-3 cm, gradually
narrowed toward base, into petiole-like stalks up to 15 cm long in radical leaves; sheaths split
to the base; ligules papery, 5-10 mm long, longitudinally nerved. Panicle 30-50 cm long;
branches mostly solitary or paired, with 2 to several branchlets (fig. RA') inserted at
globosely thickened base of branch. Spikelets loose, 1-flowered, pale-green, 4 mm long, short
pediceled. Glumes membranous, 1 to 3-nerved, unequal; the lower 2.5-3 mm long, the upper
3.5-4 mm, usually connate at base. Lemma narrowly oblong, 3-nerved, papery, not keeled;
palea 2-nerved; rachilla extension absent. Stamens 3; anthers ca. 3 mm long. Grains globose,
2.5-3 mm in diam., exserted the lemma and palea (fig. Sg), persistent and pendulous. Chromo-
some number 2n = 24.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; c. to s. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), s. Korea, Chinese Continent,
Taiwan to Assam. REFER. Clayton(1986): 68-69.
74
RA': Rachis with a branch-base.
BAMBUSOIDEAE PHAENOSPERMATEAE 5 ++ t'il
VI].21, v.26
75
4 *
Oryza sativa L., Sp. Pl.: 333(1753).
lNE[Jap.] RiCE[Eng.]
1W frtifii £50-90cm, g|W4t<. Ж^ИД^20-30сп1, *13-8
mm, Цй*<< <1Й*, lift £ 8-15mm t £ t), %
Щй<<Ь/ЛЬ, LtfНШЕ)Т-1ХП£Ыс&^ W, feti^boV'X«<ktfc
H&&, 2-5mmfi£offi^t ofc<J'ffiAt3£/v'CO<. d'Wtfi $ 6 штГШ, t2W*
MLXfi»№i45, ФШ©Й35КИ^^1'7Ео^й^*(ИЬз)^^оt, 5 fcA
ЙШНШ IWUITWK ®m5№t ЙЙЙИЗЖ^^Ь,
is'-bib
?"(), <L £><>£;Г-*'/+''Г fo‘L^lt6$,
й lift ^2.5mm. Sfefeteti 2n = 24.
С7ЕЖЯ1 8-10Л. Сй-Цэ) Л ai^r^20fflA‘)il bM l' Ъ й>, 4 * 0. sativa L. (i
йВдЖДООО^ЙШК-, *>-t6< 7 * C £ ofc <h I'bft,
^х^ййг-С', >t--4 Alt, ^H!>^t»f₽nT^-cX^oAv>
-V,+: - Л 3Ufc 2 i £й;Т?^6. 77 У Л В u|5tc(-i>jijfj; 0. glaberrima Steud. $ h'Ct'Z.
([а)Ж<7>*'£) < Т'ОДЛйЖ^ЛФШт?, ЖЙвчй'Ь t ^®%oft!i©^'ltlWifexj'6^5)-H‘bh ^(t^{c
tit о fc < ЖФй'ЙЛ'). & Leersia £ <t < 1ЙтЧ'£й\ Leersia
S’g’U^OiVxC Ж5^1Й;* 2mm^m©-c, го,£^ВДбйчсЕт'£г.
Widely cultivated annual all over Japan. Culms loosely tufted, erect. Leaf-blades 20-30
cm X 3-8 mm, stiff and erect; sheaths slightly compressed; ligules 8-15 mm tall, sharply
pointed, often deeply bifid. Panicle 10-30 cm long, erect at anthesis, nodding at maturity;
branches loose, solitary or paired, rough. Spikelets pedicellate, ca. 6 mm long, laterally
compressed; glumes rudimentary; the fertile floret subtending 2 sterile lemmas. Fertile lemma
5-nerved, coriaceous, strongly-keeled on back, rough with stiff hairs, mucronate to long-
awned at apex; paleas as long as lemmas, 3-nerved, keeled on back. Stamens 6; anthers 2.5
mm long. Chromosome number 2n-24.
DISTR. Widespread in tropical to warm-temperate regions of the world. Supposed to have
been domesticated in Assam to Yunnan about 40 centuries or more в. c. REFER. Clayton
(1967): 71-72. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 136. H. & U. Scholz(1983): 261-267.
76
MA: 0 Margin of leaf.
BAMBUSOIDEAE ORYZEAE
8: 8НЙ*$ЙгИ IX. 5
77
EzO-NO-SAYANUKAGUSA[Jap.] CuTGRASS[Eng.]
Leersia oryzoides (L.) Swartz, Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl.: 21(1788).-Phalaris oryzoides L.C1753).
B$50-100cm, <$15-25
cm, Ш 8-12mm, t) £ £ % Г U- Я < $ 1 -1.5mmX' 1=1 tctz 7x1'. РЖ'ЙЙЙ
$20cmJU±fc’b7x0, Ю±£< UlttW, l:.7j 1/2-2/3 'bffllift
$4.5-6mm, *gl.5-2mm, 1 4'7Ей‘Ь7х 9, fcOftr07cоitzt
о. Ю&5Ж, ЗЖ, £ 2-o#r0 £7x0, £'ib 6 t Ф^Ж'ФТсЪЪТв'й'
±tG$|jUoffll=6Zb5£.£. 3t7ciffij[Jn£ 4rc.®V'43d;ttx.2>. Ж^№Ос-£^/сЖ577сФ/-ЛШ£1Т?, f5d»Hti£
А,£йехЙЛ\ ЙИНЗ®, m<$ 1-2-1.5mm. 7c7cL№o^SS7c!tT;jOW^o</h7Eli,
$W-£tft7c;££a7E©7W&£tfx&W-r*c£ %£<, IW£ itfh.6. ГЖ®тй'И,
<$0.2mmti£'-C^>?>. 2n = 48, 60.
(ТЕМЯ) 8-10Я. (ЗМ) -ЛЖЙ, Ф7Н, НИ, 7l7H. 4ЬФ^«Й^ГЙ<^Т|7ф?>.
>) Л(~- i>-7^H). (|а)й:<Лй'?) T ПЖ^ЙН
гф,й»64^-К7с©Т'^6 5. 7c7cL^ *0 4>^ф7хЬЪФВК11*, ФТЕоОНС 2 ЙО 0 /Gbt4±cD?F^
Я8^л»*?>©-с, £«ша iJtio^mbhS.
$й'Ъй»?>О"С'|й|й1К.®5£,о.
Scabrous perennial growing in moist places. Culms 50-100 cm tall, often stoloniferous.
retrorsely hispid on nodes. Leaf-blades flat, 15-25 cm x 8-12 mm, very rough; ligules 1-1.5
mm tall. Panicle to 20 cm long or more; branches mostly solitary’, spreading, with loose
spikelets on the upper 1/2-2/3. Spikelets 4.5-6 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, 1-flowered, strongly
laterally compressed; glumes absent. Lemma papery. 5-nerved, spinulose-hispid on the keel
(fig. SP); surface whitish except the narrow green lines along the nerves, minutely hispid all
over. Palea as long as lemma, 3-nerved, keeled along the midnerve. Stamens 3; anthers 1.2-
1.5 mm long; but those of cleistogamous flowersffig. Ac) only 0.2 mm tong. Chromosome
number 2n = 48, 60.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widely distributed in
temperate regions of N. Hemisphere. REFER. Clayton(1986): 73. Edit. Tutin(1980): 260.
Tsvelev(1976, 84): 99.
78
SP: ЕОЙИИЗ’Ё Spinules on the keel of lemma. SP': Si-SO'EMSI Spinules on leaf margin.
BAMBUSOIDEAE ORYZEAE
8: IX.17, JtiOJtMrlJ УШ.19
79
Я ft SAYANUKAGUSA[Jap.]
Leersia sayanuka Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7:36(1938).-L. oryzoides (L.) Swartz
var. japonica Hack.(1899).
й$40-70ст, Ж
7-10cm, Ю-Ютт, t
S 5 -10cm < ЬЬОИЖ, Йл7.£
£, Йй 1 ®o±^l/3-l/2Ot 'J'Stti 1 Ф1Ей>64
0, 5-6.5mm, Ш-бтш, 1C 0 id. WM, ВЖ i 1Ш <> o. №5
BR, rt wt 3 WK, i О -СЙ < 2 otcJffH, <Pt> G %Ф*Ш^/£Ь^Ж#о±!с$|Ш©Й:(
*/7 -9--V у- Л/•y-QHIp'gj; 0 tigit'. Йб^йА'оК4НШ< , Ш©
G«l\ ^JH<S2mm, 'J't© 1/3 lW. fcAfL, ШТЛ'О^И»
ИййТЕотдг Imm£9. d'Soiift'
1/6 < Gi'-СЙ)^. ^fet4>:ti2n = 60.
(TEW 8-ЮЛ. (Ж) ttl(SWW, ^W, R9S, AW. ЭДЖФЗШЙ), ФИ. М71Лйй
ФЬ’йЦ’Ой : ЙЦЛОойвт). i /7 -^-v X лсШ'М
iffitiHi/vi'Bfet', йЙЙВй'^< , %#±0фШсоИ^ЁйМй< , iWiio^<>Й1<
^ФД1'А£о,£Х’й#Н-Е>Н;ь. ftWfeT-, АП*£ТЕЙ'‘А<
й‘О<. пЧ^Й&ЙЙЬ/с4о*>£;ье>1А'. (7-м
й>) h I' 5 .
Scabrous perennial growing in moist places. Culms more slender than those of L. oryzoides.
40-70 cm tall, retrorsely hispid on nodes; leaf-blades flat, 7 -10 cm X 6-10 mm, rough on
margins; ligules inconspicuous, ca. 0.5 mm tall. Distinguishable from L. oryzoides as follows
leaves softer less scabrid, and fresh green; panicle smaller, usually 5-10 cm long; spikelets
slightly longer but narrower, 5-6.5 mm X 1.6 mm; surface scarcely hispid and mostly green
except for narrow whitish bands along the midnerve; bristly hairs (fig. SP) on the keel
shorter and less rigid. Chromosome number 2n=60.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China. REFER.
Clayton(1986); 73. Key to Leersia spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 168. Koyama(1987): 21-23.
80
SP: ЮЙ®#-bO'Mrt Spinules on the keel of lemma.
BAMBUSOIDEAE ORYZEAE 5
IX. 2. IX. 3
81
AsHi-KAKi[Jap..
Leersia japonica Makino, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 6: 48(1892) described in Japanese; Honda, Jourj
Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Bot. 3(1): 7(1930).
Й$20-40сш, Wt-fi КЙ?
©И!1-=64:^-Г?>йй‘,
5-15cm, Ш 4 - 8 nun, £ 2 ~2.4mm. РИЩЧЦЙ, ft 2 5 -10cmO nttfy <,
Wii'Q'bW&'oUS. Д54.5-6пп. Ш15-
1.7mm-CftKE<, i |Wt>, ЖГ % о Ъ ^ЙЧ11:
аг'йб, ютж, ^х^п^ил-сзж^ъ, tисф^ж
Wo±SBt-4iSfe©l4lJ=6^tix.S. Х>" L-<ti 6®, ШД£ Зш(У
&fefm 2n=96.
(TEW) 8 10/3. (Ж) *#l, Wffl, ЛМ. ИЖ ФЯ. Н7тШ?11
(Й: ЖЙЖ£РЛ1ЕФЙ)&*\ (HS<0fr?)
4tHfc. ifio 2ШсЛ-с, ТЕ/ТЯф$<. 4'Й»КоВ1
<*‘6-ot'X, WSHoEWh i < Ы»ИЯШ 2ffl-C4i3$)Ti)6r
<Ъй‘^йъ Ъ<h)ga>LO
—Ь ж*Я^й'>-э <.
Stoloniferous, scabrous perennial growing in moist places, retrorsely hispid on culm-nodes
flowering branches erect, 20-40cm tall. Leaf-blades 5-15cm x 4-8mm; ligules 2-2.4mm tall.
Panicle erect, mostly 5-10 cm long; branches solitary, erect to ascending, raceme-like with
appressed spikelets nearly to the base. Spikelets strongly laterally compressed, 4.5-6 mm
long, 1.5-1.7 mm wide; glumes absent. Lemma 5-nerved and palea 3-nerved, both strongly
keeled along the midnerve; the surface pale-whitish except for the green nerves, sometimes
tinged with purple, ciliate on the upper half of keel. Stamens 6 (.the most distinguishable key
from the former 2 species); anthers ca. 3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n:=96.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus), Korea, Chini
REFER. Clayton(1986): 73. Key to Leenia spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 168. Koyama(1987): 23.
82
SP: LO'J'^I^ Spinules on the keel of lemma.
BAMBUSOIDEAE ORYZEAE
s x.i4, яи&ллмт vui.ia
83
Р 'У if Tst’KUSHIGAYA, CHIKUSHIGAYA[Jap.':
Chikusichloa aquatica Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39: 23(1925).
ЙИШ<, 100-120cm, £ЖЙ< -С^^й>4-7м1
AS. Ж^1Д$30-70ст, 8-12шт, kt £ ₽><>#•,
arsti® г 2 nun. FHIfUEfRWtfifii:. ft^40-50cm,
СО15ГЙ<, ^>-о5^гй5*'1Ы *-r*okt* 0Ъ(сж£1й?16. 'Н8<±И
/е<к 9 7^9, Д ^2.8-3.5mm, ^т^'-ЗзК^ЬП, -Г-£5
5Ъ-о<. ЙЙШФСХТДг ЗттЙЯ-ОфШйО, ФЖ©Ф^04Й©^01,--С. nWsItC Я о t I) L
гг1й^ШйЬтф»Х4ЧЯг i исййл*Д?>. ИДТ5g
441>, 0 ФЛЖк^0^й>МФГ>'!±! LT, ft £ 5 - 6 тт©£а
0, ЙаГ-ГЗ. ИЛ, зт’Ь-Ь, И''9*’<#<!:&аг ttifti'.
£1®, тд?1.4тт. MWiiftiS 2-2.5mm, 6. SfefeW2n = 24.
(ТЕМЯ) 8-ЮЛ. С5>=Й>] A'JHCUlW -^ЖЖ), WoBWnfflWfti'CUt l>i «> i»
£оА/Д №£ < rM^'L, «%4jE?HTI'2>. 'J'»iW'4(, ВИВ"
5-6 mniOifiiLfct nBKUitr i’L0)z>>ibоT,
ВЙ&Т£Й^Д-СЙ6. (у-Н ^*ЖА^ойи®Й!)^№//'Л4Е13^(1924)|01Ж^Йж
ticd'Mi®—OfOrllt I3<>Л)Н0А1Н^кйШ
?>.
Rather tall perennial growing in wet places. Culms 1-1.2 m tall; leaf-blades 30-70cmx
8-12 mm, glabrous, rough on both surfaces; sheaths split to the base; ligules 2 mm tall. Panick
very large and loose, erect or nodding, 40-50 cm long; branches filiform, smooth, mostl)
solitary per node. Spikelets 1-flowered, 2.8-3.5 mm long, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, nearh
terete, hispid and very rough on surface. Glumes none; lemma 5-nerved, rounded on back, with
a straight awn 5-6 mm long arising from the apex; palea 3-nerved, not keeled; the callus
elongated into rough stipe, about 3 mm long, disarticulating above the smooth pedicel of
nearly the same length. Stamen only one; anther 1.4 mm long. Grains 2-2.5 mm long. Chromo-
some number 2n=24.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Very rare; Honshu. Kyushu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 73. Коуатз
(1987): 25. K. Maebara(1931): 65. Honda(1936"): 137.
84
СЛ: Kft L ЛЙЖ elongated call®
BAMBUSOIDEAE ORYZEAE 9
X.8. Й8МЙШ&г1з XJ. 4
85
vat MAi<oMo[Jap.] Vegetable wild-rice [Eng,.
Zizania latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz. ex Stapf, Kew Bull. 1909: 385(1909).-—-Hydropyrum lalife
lium Griseb.(1853).
к-сдитзк. mt 8-1.5™,1
1 -2.5mKZx^>. ЙЙ, ft$50-100cm, Ш2-Зи,
>5тхй&11£Ж, Й2 2cmU±tW£6. ?Е1?!'ХА-г-/£ЙНЙЖл Йе
40-60cm, d>l
'1<й‘1Ьй9, 5Ж4<. IW3Ъ, Й^й'ЬйкО-V-T<, LLi'L('XffiAW>§
5. ШйуНШЛ £ 8-12mm, ic^ofc^fet,
mjts 6-10mm. ЙЙФтй£15-25пш1, ШЙШШ&, »-XJ¥<, ¥Stm32-3t
Oia*Lfc£.:i*5. XSiigA'iB'lcmtW ?fcfeW 2n = 30, 34.
стЕжя) 8-юл. (#ж) wo, ш гаи, ляь m. m фи, ыф-п, жж7->7,
?<7О(1,/1Ь7УХгЧйЛ'. £') 7K22lcfi££ d t'W'C, ЙйФ^ЖоШй^ 2 - ЗсяС
WxO, 1^2cmULbcVx6 ’tOlifaZolcZit'O'C, * Шлё-С£б. ЙШ
ZJ‘H, ЙЙОйИШ&тк &^ФФИХ1!Ж1т1, ^^<-о^г,«ЙЙй^±Ь-СЯЕЖИ
ИШЯ,, <-ОJ: 5&Ж-С&6. етЖХЙР1с£П(ф, Г(Й
li-тз t -С^> £ £ t' 5.
Tall, aquatic perennial, with long, thick rhizomes. Culms tufted, 1-2.5 m tall, 0.8-1.5 cm in
diam. Leaves mostly radical, erect;leaf-blades 50-100cm x 2-3cm;ligules membranous,!»
2 cm tall or more. Panicle 40-60 cm long, with semiverticillate branches with very loos:
spikelets. Spikelets unisexual: pistillate ones on the upper halves of branches, and staminal»
ones on the lower halves. Staminate spikelets 8-12 mm long, purplish, lemma membranous
awnless or short-awned; stamens 6, with 6-10 mm long anthers. Pistillate spikelets 15-25пи
long, pale-green, with a straight awn 2-3 cm long. Grains linear, 1 cm long. Palea as longaf
lemma, 3-nerved. Disarticulating and deciduous below spikelet. Chromosome number 2n=J'
34.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, China.
Siberia, Ussurie, Tropical Asia. REFER. Clayton(1986); 74. Koyama(1987): 29. Tsvelev(19ft,
84): 101. Hsu(1974): 369.
86
BAMBUSOIDEAE ORYZEAE
x0.8
S: K.20
87
ГУ / t г TATSU-NO-HIGE[Jap
Diarrhena japonica Franch. et Savat., Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 603(1879).
Wfiii, Й£40-80ст, 11W
$20-30cm, 1й8-13пш>, hi i Ф < t X DH, ШЖЙЙ!®)*5 M®(ffWlffi)f
±^|fij<*', Ж^1Ж*0.5- 1 mm. 1№'1Д$10-20ст,
<-, Ь 1 - 2 $, XtteKftMvK ОЖЕ,
Ш^1-3(£ЫС4)Ф7ЕЙ^7£О, 1-1.5тт-СЙёМ. £l'5
о -С £#й‘ 1 ИНО'НЙЕ> L < Ъ л>, 0ЪгЯ/]'ййЧФ;>*-С'1'7Е^Ге'1Л'ЖП, ZhZh 1 1@О'Ж
2 6<П00'НЙОХ 5глх.£. ig®«tafe, *V' 3M<hffli' 2 *>, ffiiflV'.
teTnJft, WmUWn*. EE^tt2@, ^tt-gSlmm.
i 4й<^0Ий»1Ь^ГК<о^Жь, ЖЙОДки1Й£о?1Ш‘Й>?>. ШИ2п=38.
(7EWD 8-9Л. (Ж) H^£±, ШШАЙ). Savatier й'НЖ^о^Ф, МЙ
L&rd-f. Жда^АоХФТЕо^Д^ПоМЛ'ЙЙП^ве, 'HEwT<-Wi
1 ФТЕй'бйгб 1ФЙШS'),
Ш£=ЬФ6. WOMJKISEtSU. &d'?E*'ib^«tei'?L®^4o^o#OtWL7cglis
Д-С, ^НА:^-С|й|й2-С££.
Perennial in temperate, deciduous forests. Culms 40-80 cm tall, with short rhizome-
Leaf-blades 20-30 cm x 8-13 mm, green and glossy on both surfaces; sheaths terete; ligule
truncate, 0.5-1 mm tall. Panicle 10-20 cm long, very loose; branches 1-3 per node, divergent
with a green spikelet at the tip of each branchlet. Spikelets 1 to 4-flowered; glumes membra
nous, whitish, unequal, 1 mm: 1.5 mm long. Lemmas green, with 3 thick nerves and 2 faie
marginal nerves, rounded on back; paleas as long as lemmas, with 2 nearly smooth keels Al
maturity florets separated from each other by the elongation of rachilla segment. Grains
narrowly oblong, 2.8 mm long, with a whitish mamilla at apex, distinctly exserted abort
lemma and palea. Disarticulating above glumes and between florets. Chromosome number
2n - 38.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), s. Korea. REFER. Clayton(1986):77
78. Koyama & Kawano(1964): 879-880. Ohwi(1965): 52-60.
S': 5ti$L fcJK3E;i'№ < 1 'Ь/ЕА>Ьй%<|'|6 1-flowered spikelet with a perfectly matured grain.
G, I G,: о Л 2 ®ОЙТЛ Persistent glumes on pedice;
88
BAMBUSOIDEAE DIARRHENEAE 9 "J J ЬУ®
S • УШ. 6
89
Е HlROHA-NUMAGAYA[Jap.j
Diarrhena fauriei (Hack.) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10:135(1941).--------Molinia fauriei
Hack.(1903).----Neomolinia fauriei (Hack.) Honda(1930). — D. yabeana Kitag.(1937).
ЙОФКГС WB260-120cin, I
sL. 3t^tXft215-30cm, tS 7-18mm, 20.3mm. ПШЕРИХЙлЕС, Й%Й.И4Гс (Х$£>ГС±*>,
d'&4IW-C'Bua©J: 5гсШгс^й^^£йШ\ /J<fX< 2 5 - 7 mm, 21.5м,
2 2 mm, i % ГС 1% Ъ, Жйойс >) ft PJ4E©il
ktft 2 4 mm|*|^(9 7 J t y-CtX 3 mm), I^OiS^±T-WiX/J'i|>iJ^WvA'2'ib<> < . Й<'ХД2 2мй
i'. 3fefeftfX2n=38.
(OD 8-9 Л. Ml *#|(Д»Ж). $Ж, ФЯ4ЬЖ ЙЖ^КТ. 9 4 (РШ
й*^) flMrci'XtrLA* -7й'^(р.448)^®Ы^^35-2-й>^>й\ 1 ФЙФоФТЕо^й'^^ <, Ф/Е©О
rckt^>&i'. ЖЭША£<, Яй^о^Ш'П б K.ts:b Ь, нигдГййЧХ-з £ 9 Lt <
В*О4'ФЙ--С»Хйв°иф©^й,-С', ЖЙГСк1£>-9 fcrcttltg-хЛК W. D. Clay ton (1986) kt, *gO?
•> 7 ГС 3 ffl, .|ЬЖГС 1 ffi L sB L, N. N. Tsvelev kt4t*j£?ctt& Diarrhena ГСЛН, ^7 >7® (©ЯЛ
ti. Neomolinia ГСАФV'^>.
Perennial in temperate, deciduous forests, larger and robuster than the preceding species.
They are distinguishable as follows.
D. japonica....Culms 40-80 cm tall; leaf-blades 20-30 cm x 8-13 mm. Panicle often nod-
ding; branches divergent. Lemma of lowermost floret ca. 3 mm long; keels of palea smoother
nearly smooth. Anthers ca. 1 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 38.
D. fauriei.....Culms 60-120 cm tall; leaf-blades 15-30 cm x 7-18 mm. Panicle erect:
branches erect to ascending, never divergent. Lemma of lowermost floret ca. 4 mm; keels of
palea rough with spinules on the upper halves. Anthers ca. 2 mm long. Chromosome numba
2n = 38.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Nagano Pref, of c. Honshu), Korea, n. China, Ussurie. REFER
Clayton(1986); 77-78. Koyama & Kawano(1964); 879-880. Ohwi(1965): 52-60. Tsvelev(1976.
84); 559-560.
90
G, I G2:fc 2 (й<0Persistent glumes on pedicel.
BAMBUSOIDEAE DIARRHENEAE "J J
S: VII. 12
91
K.OHYA-ZASA[Japi
Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) Beauv. var. japonicum Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7:61
(1899).--B. japonicum (Hack.) Hack, ex Matsum.(1897) name only.
й$40-70ст.
*$4-10cm, te4-8mm,
й'ЯФФй. 2-3<пш. РЖГдада 6-15cm, Ьф'й'Мй'620Wc9,
LliXffiofcC/J'&fcfrtfT, ШМЕЛЯХ 5 IcAS. 'J'fflfrWfe, ft £ 8-10mm, I'M&b'bltb.
^т'ЬЗСАЙА'Аф, l-1.5mmfeitK2.5mm. 5 Ж,
ftHLAfl'lOlO О, ft$ 1-1.5ст<0Ий-Г%Й11'£^Ь^. FWt®^<h|B]ft, 2 Жй'^1
< % <91i*i{H!lt£ £, 2ЯГ<<о&шИдео^£йоГо£Щ--Г. ^©ФЯЖЪ^
L, $ ^'С*Л1§1'-Ж1'ФЖЖй'^^ <t 5KU5. й#К1Жй'^5.
$jtift $ 1 ттЫ F. Sfefeftti 2n = 22.
(Oil 7-8Я. *!Ж, ИЯ, Affl. ®1Й(Й)НЯ), ФЯЖЯ5К5Ж ^7fWWi
EFUl. ЙЖЙО* -f (1ч1Жо*'Г) Ш#ф!О1А£Й1* £ Oi^Mi-'
Фт 1 Ф^Ей*6А9, ft $ 8-10n>m. 2 'J'OXJtttt'IW
At'. lOSoftfUi I-l.5cm©ffiIl'e*'i>S. ft? 5-8mmt£*'J'W^iS(B!l Fpirft-dHH,
ж. (7-H *. ®isiatt')m
1М1Ш*.
Perennial in woodland, with slender, knotty rhizomes. Culms slender, erect, unbranched
40-70 cm tall; leaf-blades thin and soft, flat, narrowly lanceolate, 4-10 cm X 4-8 mm, usuall)
ciliate on margins; ligules 2-3 mm tall. Panicle 6-15 cm long; branches short and erect, ofte
appressed to rachis. Spikelets light-green, 1-flowered, 8-10 mm long; glumes very small
persistent, unequal, 1-1.5 mm : 2.5 mm long. Florets deciduous, disarticulating above glum«
with bristle-like rachilla extention 5-8 mm in length (fig. FpJ. Lemma lanceolate, 5-nervei
rough on back, with a straight awn 10 15 mm long at apex. Palea as long as lemma, 2-nerved,
nerves protruding as short bristles at apex. Stamens 2; anthers under 1 mm. Callus bearded
Chromosome number 2n = 22.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; c. to w. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, e. China. The
typical phase occurs in e. N. America. REFER. Clayton(1986): 78. Koyama & Kawano(196T
863-867. Hitchcock(1971): 433. Tateoka(1957"): 111-114.
92
MAidfcO'xO Margin of leaf. G: + G2: ffi l.icgto Az 2 ffiw&llSi Persistent glumes on pedicel
BAMBUSOIDEAE BRACHYELYTREAE 2
£: VII.29, «5-K&-JHJ VIII. 4
93
HANEGAYA[jap/
Stipa pekinensis Hance, Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 15:268(1877).-------Achnalherum pekinm
(Hance) Ohwi(1953, 65). S. sibirica Lam. var. effusa Maxim.(1859). S. sibirica var
japonica Hack. (1899) in part.— S. extremiorientalis Hara(1939).
i®$80-150em, &ФХ&£ Wfcl'.
60cm, ®7-15mm, $0.5- 1 mm. IW
fftxffii, ft$20-40cm, #
(XRW, ft$8-12mm, ШМЪ. £ U-'J'tt <t Rft, 3 Ж, 0 it 5
Й, )tiR7/^6, ШРН\ 0Ъ-Гй4С^<, Ш, ®<№.
&«Д$20-25м©е£&оХ#СХЖ L, Ш СкХШ. FWXig^ L 1пЖХ^® < ,
6 X/ W <t t£ 6 -Г, WitFll'. OmtS£ZAjb6. L-L-<!i3f@, m&SSnim,
S. &ClW2n = 24.
С7ЕКЙ1 8 -9Я. (Я-fi) 4tiO, *Я(. ФЙкШЖ О^^У7, tt- 9 •/, "Г-ft. gf;
frl'iSil-W, 1ФШй:Ш IcmHFO/hffi,
i>. (7—F) kW-iffc-ХИ^ХфЕЯЙ© S. pekinensis ®?£(1939)it S. sibirica var. japonica
П!> T £ t ₽/'/^|# + ©йШ514, ^©£ЪЬ&Ж-^)МХТВДХ£5с
LX, С ©ЗпЙ^^Ш, -L© 5 'L©-,s T Л'-p i<l S. extremiorientalis ©ЖЙ;^ 5-x_fc. Zcfc'L PI’Wo
л* % (1987) (©X&i, S. extremiorientalis £ S. pekinensis $©зЙЛ'й;й>гЬЬ1г(
4 <D <b, S. рекinensis ©-ЗД £ A X X I - X 5 K.ftl 5 . TrX'«^tt^;#(1982) £ |н] С ИJS& £ о XЙ<,
f£te X/-WX, S. pennata 4>о X £ t^X
X', El © '' X' Л' -V tc. tt Л © X it t«i!fc Z> t h Л»b ts. i -.
Tall, erect perennial growing in wet grassland. Culms 80-150 cm, unbranched; leaf-blades
30-60cm x 7-15mm, slightly involute and rough; sheaths glabrous, pilose only on the collars
ligules 0.5-1 mm tall. Panicle large and lax. 20- 40 cm long; branches clustered, rough, spread
ing al anthesis, with a few to 10 spikelets on the upper halves. Spikelets terete, lanceolate
8-10 mm long; glumes equal, 3-nerved. Lemma a little shorter than glumes, with a lonu
midnerve and 4 short lateral nerves, inrolled, indurate, pilose on back, with a flexuous aw
from the notched apex; awn 20 -25 nun long. Anthers 5-6 mm long, with tufted hairs at apices
Chromosome number 2n = 24.
DISTR. Japan (Rather rare; Hokkaido, HonshuJ, Kurils, Sakhalin. Amur, e. Siberia, li
China. REFER. Clayton(1986): 83-84. Hara(1939): 458-459 tin Jap.). Satake, et al(1982):IIS
Tsvelev(1967, 84):576. Koyama(1987): 209. Kuo P.-c. et al.(1987): 319-329.
94
AP: Apex of anther
POOIDEAE STIPEAE
№ Ш8МЙЮ УШ.21, «ШЬЙНУ УШ. 2
95
HlROIIA-NO-HANEGAYA[Jap.]
Stipa coreana Honda var. kengii Ohwi, Journ. Jap. Bot. 17:404(1941).----Patis coreana
(Honda) Ohwi var. kengii (Ohwi) Ohwi(1942).-----Orthoraphium coreanum (Honda) Ohwi
var. kengii (Ohwi) Ohwi(1953, 65).--S. sibirica Lam. var. japonica Hack.(1899) in part.—
S. japonica Hack, ex Nakai(1920) referable only to the type plant.--S. grandifolia Keng
(1934).
$60-100cm. ft $ 10-30cm, la 7-15mm,
L4>91<
InunUr. ft£io-25cm, '.ЖпЯШЫ', gliW*, <h
ЖХ7Е«11сОг-Г*о-с, i <t 5 Ь, ft^l2-15mm, Й
WttPK. 5-
ffife, ТЯоЗЙт, ^Я, Р|Э1Й1^5Ф< е>,
<щ^, •£оГя,!й'|'>*£г-зсшожйьлгжь'ейЧФо'жи, е©тФ§т£2&оЖй'>2>б.
Kbfebft£’b^SL&L/U<b’£'bfcl'. ^L-<ti3ffi, ЖД $ 7ШИ&6-С, Л-13. МОiЙ®
(ТЕМ) 8-9 Я. (#fi) Jt» ИИ, МН. 9 d У №lU. (Is)£<n*'£) fts
12-15тшО±£&ФЖй', t ^-СЖТХ-^КТЕ^© <t 5
Mid
Hlf, var. coreana tj'ti, ^©ipgl0-20mm, 5. fate. L
й'Е>5УНЙ£Ь t Й> -5. £с4оЖЖ(1939)It t ic S. grandifolia Keng(1934)^^"t <1'
5й>, C |itcH S. coreana Honda(1932) i l' 5
Perennial in mountainous woods. Culms tufted, erect, 60-100 cm tall; leaf-blades flat, 10-30
cm X 7-15 mm, attenuate at both ends, grayish-green; sheaths pilose on the collar; ligules to
1 mm tall. Panicle erect, 10-25 cm long, with a few erect branches; branches raceme-like with
appressed spikelets. Spikelets 1-flowered, 12-15 mm long; glumes equal, lanceolate, green,
thinly papery, 5 to 7-nerved; nerves connected by cross-veinlets. Lemma pale-brown, co-
riaceous, inrolled into tubular-form, hairy on back, awned from near the tip; awn thick and
straight, to 2-3 cm long; palea as long as lemma, similar in texture. Anthers 7 mm or more.
Disarticulating between floret and glumes.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). The typical phase
occurring in Korea and n. China. REFER. Clayton(1986): 83-84. Kuo Pen-chao et al.(1987):
329. Lee(1966): 199. Hara(1939): 458-459. Okuyaina(1938): 340.
96
POOIDEAE STIPEAE 4
gIX.21. 6 VIII.29
97
t X X HlGE-NAGA-KOMESUSUKI [ Jap.]
Stipa alpina (Fr. Schmidt) V. Petrov, Fl. Yakut. 1:136(1930).-Lasiagrostis alpina Fr.
Schmidt(1868).-Ptilagrostis alpina (Fr. Schmidt) Sipl.(1970).-P. mongholica of Japa-
nese authors.
«
т&Ф, ilft, B$15-30cm,
ft$2-10cni, ЙЙ L fc 5 - 7 <L Л t T? W, IS
4«£Й, H^E^ilOcmlW, &4X-< t <t А, 1 - 2 fflO'F
Ф»Х14'7Ей‘£>&9, 5пи>44£', -з t, 10-20
VJ<<LRft. IIMSiSM, Ф*М©ЙЙ>КЙ1^!Я© 2 - 3 Жй‘£> h,
lift©. *)^&< , ft$4-4.5mm, WK, £ftftffl « V' t ft Ш'й £
Я’®ТФЙЯ'-Й-=Ё©*^43:Й', ^©5fe© 2 ЙОГ0^'6^1’£йЧ11Г, ^lift
$15-22mm, О ft^f-H* ' 2 6 Й», ₽>&©.
Ф№£9Ё»&©. $ 2 mn& 0 , ^С@©43©Жй‘#>5.
(7ЕЮ1 8-9 Я. • ЙЖЙ1ГЖЖ. Ш№ЙК, ФШЬЯ5,
Я!, 7XIJ-. ^47ИИ->-<!'7. (|п)Ж<7>й'>')
ЙЖ© 4 ©7Л Р, mongholica Е h-fcA», ^©ЗЬкЖ-'Ёй'Й h, ^ЙКО^й» 5 - 7 Г Е.
*> <t СЯ» W©_hZn 6^.-С, ±.ЙЙ©'¥'« -с г JS < #й> <£ и(1Йи. ЭДШ<01 © 4> г nt
^>6 5. tctE L±)|-ЛИЙ|5й»Н1Ёt & Ъ E IBLX © 6 ©tj-, 5.
Small perennial in alpine regions. Culms tufted, erect, 15-30 cm tall, without rhizomes.
Leaf-blades 2-10 cm x 0.5 mm, involute, filiform, with 5-7 prominent nerves; sheaths split
nearly to the base; ligules 1.5 mm tall. Panicle mostly ca. 10 cm long; branches solitary or
paired, with 1 or 2 long-pediceled spikelets per branch. Spikelets 1-flowered, glossy, often
tinged with purple, about 5 mm long; glumes equal, membranous-hyalin, as long as spikelet,
rounded on back. Lemma chartaceous, slightly shorter than glumes, strongly involute, shal-
lowly bifid at apex and awned between the teeth; awn 15-22 mm long, plumose with long
hairs. Anthers 2 mm long or more, with tufted hairs at apex. Rachilla extension absent.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Mt. Kitadake, Mt. Shirouma in c. Honshu), n. Korea, n. China, e.
Siberia, Ussurie. REFER. Clayton(1986): 83-84. Tsvelev(1967, 84): 566.
98
TS: Ж#H)itffi Section of leaf-blade.
POOIDEAE STIPEAE
g «о. 1
99
ARECHi-iNEGAYA[Jap.] Smilo-grass [Eng.]
Oryzopsis miliacea (L.) Benth. et Hook, ex Aschers. et Schweinf., Мёш. Inst. Egypte 2:169
(1887).-Agrostis miliacea L.C1753).-Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Cosson(1851).
$60- 150cm, f
m. ft$10-25cm, ®3-6mm, -ч0 tt, 1.5штЙ^.
НШЕ/тД$15-30ст, Ж,
WH 1Ф7Е1 0 -eft $2.7-
3.5шт. 3(££t5 ?)JteW, ФЖПИйн. 'J'TEiilT®
Г1Ч7-, Я$2тт^0, £#Й>< * 0
^tift$3-5mm, L,
ifitZb. ggi t иШ&Л/ШЙМЬ, |?Шс^йЧ£Ь.
«1'ОП®, Л$ 1.5mm,
(TEW 7Л. [Ж] «, t-xi7ij7, MfcE’iaWLti'
Ъ. ti'5. П/кХ'И1962^4ЬЛЯ1ти-С'ЯиАб-С^й‘4г.
ШЕЖ* ^Т±1й^йЧ'-х.Ь4гЛ1. О Т УЖЛкИэ - ₽ -у ''. [/- Н Oryzopsis 114
* Oryza ГШс £ 1 £. Г Ojg« t Л
iWx., i < 5 t>O 1 Stt Indian ricegrass i <t Hft, 7>< H Л • Т7т< 7 7©<!ЙЕ51гХИ5
tl'5. 7^Mfn Ricegrass
Adventive perennial in the urbane areas. Culms hard, erect, 60-150 cm tall. Leaf-blades
10-25 cm x 3-6 mm, rough above; ligules 1.5 mm tall. Panicle 15-30 cm long; branches 3-6
clustered per node, ascending, with numerous short-pediceled spikelets beyond the middle.
Spikelets 1-flowered, 2.7-3.5 mm long; glumes subequal, as long as spikelet, usually 3-nerved.
Lemma coriaceous, 2 mm long, with faint nerves, rounded on back, much inrolled, clasping
the palea by its margins, awned at apex; awn straight, 3 -5 mm long, deciduous. Palea as long
as lemma. Rachilla extension absent. Disarticulating above glumes. Grains 1.5 mm long,
reddish-brown.
DISTR. Native to Mediterranian region. Widely naturalized in S. & N. America, Australia,
and occasionally in the other regions. REFER. Clayton(I986): 85. Edit. Tutin(1980): 246.
Hitchcock (1971): 437.
100
POOIDEAE STIPEAE 4
Й WMAWffi VW.1O
101
lBUKi-NUKABo[Jap.] Wood millet [Eng.]
Milium effusum L., Sp. Pl.: 61(1753).
B$60-120cm. $Nhift$10-20cm, Ш 6-15mm,
tXSfe^X'i^S 3-lOmm’t £> t), i < 0 Zdo. РШ-№ХЙ* t Д?15-25сш, Ш 7 -12
cmrai'-C, fttt 2 - 5 ® < <Ъ1'-Го$и±, i t &^>ТЙ t i fc *) , tOfcOfitW
0©/b#4oH5. 'hWXWlB, ft $ 3-3.5mm, ЬТй<ЖЙК^¥, 1
♦>, ftSGilfflftl^-?, ЙИЗКт WtXH < < щ#й'
fri\ ^H^Ht|w|fttfc}Xb-r*4C®<, ЖйЧ?<<¥!(й, №№&>), ^i'5K^t>, Miifl
А1КИШй*>оХГэЖ£Й<. rtSiiiK’Si[Й]ft, SUfflEJ: ^Hft$2-3mm. SWtX»LLX
*%Т-ГЪ. ^fiW2n=14, 28.
(7ЕМЯ1 6-7Л. (ЯО «it, «Н, ИД, Л^о®^Н(»ЛЖШ#)оФ^,
ttx.6. 9 Л 7ШШз - p ?'\ (Btwfr?)
(f ft$ 3 -3.51ШП-С I ФТЕ^б&йФЖ ^£ЙШ11<ПгШ
<9, ^ЙтШ'-C^Tt, ft£ З-ХОтт^йй.^г^ФШ^-Г*.
fiSIS • V'fcutKis,
Perennial in mountainous grassland or forests, with long creeping rhizomes. Culms solitary
to loosely tufted, 60-120 cm tall; leaf-blades 10-20 cm x 6-15 mm. glabrous; sheaths terete,
glabrous; ligules 3-10 mm tall. Panicle erect, sometimes slightly nodding, 15-25 cm long, 7-12
cm wide; branches 2-5 in cluster per node, flexuous, spreading or deflexed, with a few
spikelets at and near apices. Spikelets pedicellate, 3-3.5 mm long, 1-flowered; glumes equal,
persistent, papery, rounded on back, faintly 3-nerved. Lemma as long as or slightly shorter
than glumes, indurate, smooth, glossy, with faint 5 nerves, clasping the palea by its incurved
margins. Anthers 2-3 mm. Grains falling down, being enclosed by hardened, brown palea and
lemma. Chromosome number 2n~14, 28.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widespread in temperate to sub-
arctic regions of N. Hemisphere. REFER. Clayton(1986): 85. Hubbard(1984): 275.
102
POOIDEAE STIPEAE -<
g: Ш№|Ц V.28
103
J Usin.NOKEGusAfJap.J Sheep’s FEscuEfEng.]
Festuca ovina L., Sp. Pl.: 73(1753). var. ovina
X-o 5 ®Шфй>6Й111^й‘Н-Х, 8»1Й M5-40ctn, Si'
L, ^©ТЙ5Ш^Х«МФ?>'Н1^^ il«
l'. »ift$5-20cm, flfiUtCgV'X&tt, S0.5m.nflM-, t t >),
M ft£$cm, >:§ii?ft ^0.5mmUT. ЗШ ОЙ©1Йtfll «О?ОЙ 6 nifi й fr-O. ПЙ№Й
Й. ft£5-8cm, Ш1£-Й51-2*1ВХ®.<, 'h^X 3 - 6 (IW
н^ьк*). fi$5-8mm, G^i'afe-c, ъ. wi^Tis], г-шшз-
ЗтшХ'ИЖ, 3-4 mm-с ^tiW^fl < ХШ# t fr ^'Г, 5 Ж. ft $ 3.5-4.5ms,
£»tft3 2mmlUT0ML5iLfretfr^. А1Ш1ОН fS«£|sJftX', &L-<3, ^L^l
&Й<. ^tift^ 1.5-2.4mm. IHrfiW - £ &. 2n = 14.
(TEJCB) 6-8 Л. (Ж) ffit ЬхадЖЁЛ'ЬЛЭД, £М-;1ЬФ^£ЖГЙФ-Г?>. (IsJ^ozr?) №
J; 5UIII<gV'fc& '>S©1iE©d<^fc*Bmnm »«nSK^?>^ofli'lt5ft
t*z>'6, gtLtUH'S^ aflo^mSJStx-fWtLfrV't x < b^ibfrl'. <-v-rC'^/
9 Я 4- ? -> / >r? > / У 9' 7F var. ovina(El© t Olirh
cofilin > ?<>•>/» /-У-fr
Perennial in grassland of low mountainous to alpine regions. Culms 15-40 cm tall with short
rhizomes, densely tufted with many intravaginal shoots; leaf-blades 5-20 cm long, usually
inrolled and filiform, 0.5 mm in diam.jmost leaves radical and cauline ones usually 2 on one
culm, with semirounded auricles at the mouth of sheath; ligules under 0.5 mm tall. Panide
erect. 5-8 cm long; branches solitary or paired, short, each with 1 - 5 spikelets. Spikelets 3 to
6-flowered, 5-8 mm long, glaucous-green, often tinged with purple; glumes subunequal; the
lower one 2-3 mm, 1-nerved; the upper 3-4 mm, 3-nerved. Lemmas rounded on back, 5-nerved,
3.5-4.5 mm long, with short awns under 2 mm long. Paleas nearly as long as lemmas, 2-keeled
Stamens 3; anthers 1.5-2.4 mm long, disarticulating between each floret. Chromosome number
2n=14.
DISTR. Japan (from Hokkaido to Kyushu, rather common in northern regions). Wide-
spread in the temperate to frigid zone of the N. Hemisphere; and many infraspecific taxa have
been described. REFER. Clayton(1986); 93-94. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 415-417. Ohwi(1965): 159.
Koyama(1987): 81-82.
104
TS: ifd Transverse section of leaf
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
xO. 82
#:1нттаи1 vn.i5
105
Takane-ushinokegusa [Jap..
Festuca ovina L. var. tateyamensis Ohwi, Acta Phytotax Geobot. 10:111(1941).
Wi§?10-25cm, ^ft5-14cm, (g
1mm*», 1 11 о tc <
t. rWE#Ji>$ 2-4cm, Фй$<, 4'®1Ий<М6Ш 2-3'NEA‘ibfcoT, ГО(1Д
S 3 - 4 mm, Imm^SoCiftS. 1.5mm. Я-Я1Х i V-? V > A >r (,-%й'>,
Жйй' 5-f <, Ъ c. t “С-й^‘Н‘й'-о<.
(7Е1Й) 8-9 Л. (ЯТЮ В» *#1Ф^ОЙИ1Г4ПГЖ*^. 9 A (7-
М Л#ЛНЙ₽и±5й© ГИМ^ЖЖ®.! Ю&г, Th
©O^Tt!®LXV'5^, ГВФШ^Л &n®(1975)rti^o 5 t>, m^/m, 7tw
>r У tDftM, 2 ffi^r^L'C t ч-5. => ? 7 А 'У > / >г 7if- F. ovina var. duriuscula (L.) Koch it
££0.7-lmm, 0SK. 4 Ht-tix., 4t¥-Ef<— * 77 > 7 У F. ovina var.
chiisanensis Ohwi ii7 ? > 7 У У-О-^-С, И903$|111М1х,
ZxiJa$Oiei.L|tc.>toi J+-^'7->7 уГЕЬЙЙШ K-lHt
I'Zxt'OH, tttft (сШ'/с var. supina (Schur) Hack. G’t",
^^4r^tBLJftc^o7cZcAt>-C&6 5
Л variety of F. ovina growing on grassland or gravelly soil in alpine regions. Culms 10-25
cm tall; leaf-blades 5-14 cm X ca. 0.5 mm, strongly inrolled, soft in texture, with one to several
grooves on abaxial surface; and very irregular and polymorphic in cross section. Panicle 2-
4 cm long, consisted of 7-15 spikelets. Spikelets light-green, tinged with light purple, 2 io
3-flowered; lemmas 3-4 mm long, with a short awn under 1 mm long at apices. Anthers 1.5 mm
long.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan. Rare, on alpine zone of c. Honshu. Described from Mt. Tateyama
in Toyama Pref. REFER. Clayton(1986): 93-94. Ohwi(1941): 108-113.
106
TS: Ж‘ОЙ®г[Ш Transverse section of leal
POOIDEAE POEAE -f
x45
S: УШ.12, ssmw&u-l VIII- з
107
У" Ao-USHINOKEGUSA[jap.]
Festuca ovina L. var. coreana (St. Yves) St. Yves, Candollea 3: 333(1928); T. Nakai, in Bull
Nat. Sci. Mus. 31:138(1952).--F. ovina var. vulgaris subvar. coreana St. Yves(1924).—F.
ovina var. coreana St. Yves subvar. taquetii St. Yves(1928).
^UiS$20-40cm-CS4L, * r
№0, Фй 1 nun, ЙЧ'^Я-Ct Ш S> MM < ft 5. 1Ш1НМ 2 4 - 8 cm, M
a. 'bWtftS 5-6шш, 4 - 6 'Ntt'M *) , 2 -2.5mm, 1M, g-W
ft 22.8-3.5min, 3 IllR. gl^lift 23-7-4.2mm, 5 Ь , +*B<'ift 2 1 mmfi i'OilsZt fto
-cW'tB-tz», 4 fcEUiti м
^ИЗЙ, $fift2m£2miii.
(TEW 5-8 Л. (Ж) ИМ, Affl. Ш, 'I'M. * < (1s):t<7>Zr £'] KM
?->/•>- Z-tF®H^ftffl^©i®2<D t t6lt LZ»4ix.-f, (ISfttH&i *)%<tsS\ 4ix.$
ул-Шан. IMmmtaotiUt’b I
"Е-О ? •> / У УЫгЪ.
Perennial growing in sunny grassland or in waste places of lowland or hillside. Culms 20-40
cm tall, tufted, whose upper portion tomentose with minute arcuately curved hairs. Cauline
leaves only 1-2, but the basal portion of the stock crowded with many radical leaves.
Leaf-blades filiform, folded and grooved above, coriaceous, but not grooved in older ones.
Panicle 4-8 cm, light-green. Spikelets 5 6 mm long, 4 to 6-fIowered; glumes unequal, the lower
2-2.5 mm, 1-nerved, the upper 2.8-3.5 mm, 3-nerved. Lemmas 3.7-4.2 mm, 5-nerved, awnlessor
with straight, short awns at apices. Paleas as long as lemmas. Anthers ca. 2 mm. Florets
falling down separately at maturity, and the glumes persistent.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Korea, China. NOTE Among the infraspecific
taxa of F. ovina in Japan, only this variety occurs in lowland and rather common. It is
characterized by its tomentose culms. REFER. Clayton(1986): 93-94. Ohwi(1965): 159-160. Lee
(1966): 175-176.
108
TS: Hi®i iffi Transverse section of leal
POOIDEAE POEAE
я: IX.30
109
/ >г№ Miyama-ushinokegusa [ Jap/
Festuca ovina L. subsp. ruprechtii (Boiss.) Tsvel., Bot. Zurn. 56 (9): 1255(1971).-F. ovhu
subsp. laevis Hack. var. ruprechtii Boiss.(1884).-F. ruprechtii (Boiss.) Krecz. et Bobr
(1934).
C, Sili^ 5-20cm, W©$<>r/j>fcj o-cffi-c,
i', ьишши, ?? i-.©^<x 1 - зтпи.
®~10®fi<t’Od<^67£b, Ь-Г^2-ЗФ7ех
5 mm, ^П^’Н©Д S tt2.5mm*> X О* 3 mmti f, iOl«
S3-4mm, ЙЛ'ЙЙЬЛ:£*'^5. »ХД 2n = 14.
(OD 7-8Я. (ЯО 41>Ж, WH+M п-лц-ж, tM7, ТЙ,
Ш£. * -f УЙЛЁНз-Л-У-Л. (|н)г<7)*' Г) i -V-v?->7 У
Л., a£itl5cmUT©t©^<, ГЕ/ГН10®иТоФЖй'Р>7£Ь, ФМЯ2 - 3 ФГЕЙ^^С^-СЙЙЙ
UfUfmK$m£, 0ЙГхКШЙ П^©ВД129
('С^со^ЬЬ'-У-Дй'О-йгбН'С^'б. (У—hl ©§У©> •> / у У-у-}£, var. supina b
var. alpina bhX t'fcZn, i © Ft> 6кЖ|Ж з - p ., 'Чс® 6H, 7 ~F 7©^пВ!<!ХК1Ш'<£
l \ $ % hi. N. N. Tsvelev © v Й <г> Л * £1 © fc о X Л X, ±© £ Г t Ъ <г> А - X l' t Ш1
/с. СП7£Й^М4ЛЙ©7сП<!:ЙЙс-1-^. Tsvelev < <»f-ft^X СКВЖ(с^>?> 5 tl
tctc L^t-^© -< й L < , 6 < 7. -f x© =. * - y'hc^^tiF b'c
14 nd U "C t' <5.
Dwarf perennial growing on sandy or gravelly soil in Pinus pumila zone, over 2500ms.ro.
or more in central Japan. Culms 5-20 cm tall, densely tufted with a few cauline leaves and
many radical leaves surrounded by brown, decayed sheaths of older leaves. Leaf-blades
involute, filiform, glabrous or with scattered trichomes above, glabrous and smooth beneath.
Panicle composed of several to 10 spikelets, usually raceme-like. Spikelets 2 to 3-flowered, 3
5 mm long, glaucous-green, often tinged with purple; glumes unequal, the lower 2.5 mm and
the upper 3 mm long. Lemmas 3-4 mm long with short awns at apices. Anthers 1.5 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, c. Honshu), Mts. Ural, Caucasus, Okhotsk, Ussurie. Sakhalin,
Kurils, Korea. NOTE This plant has been called erroneously F. ovina var. supina or F. ovina
var. alpina by Japanese botanists. However, the distribution areas of these species are
restricted to Europe, and their eastern limit is Carpathians. REFER. Clayton(1986): 93-91.
Tsvelev(1976, 84 ): 416.
110
TS: ^OfKISillii Transverse section of leaf. Base of plant.
POOIDEAE POEAE
№- илажл*-vii.го
Hl
Он-USHINOKEGUSALJapj
Festuca rubra L., Sp. PL: 74(1753).
filterT?. ^Х2-ЗШ’Ъйо-СЙ$15-50сп1. »(Ж’.-
3F)o -®ШИ©ШЙ O -cHtcwill L t ЕЖ£ tz?>йй(Шi V' *) У/Л$>Ъ
^-Сй'»РШЙ<К'#>?> * •> / У Г-У-© Jt 5 210-20cm. 2 -ЖЙМ1
ffiZ/ZZftWm. 1 -2.5mm, Шt £iC^fe4'тттгТ, о t,
IWEfrliilt Й£ 5 -12cm, 1 - 2 ^.Т.Т, W
Hl 'KiiftS 5-Пш, 3 - 9'Ht^F>&b, OJtTtiifcLiftti, 'НЁ0И
й'<Пт:ФЙ1Й^Й^Ах6(ИШЕ). атш, ft£2-5mm, $-^тЗЖ 3-6 mm. g|
ИД: £ 4 - 7 mm, 5 №t Я^ХРЗ < ftCtft £0.5- 3 mm© [til L fc £ <t1£ £.
Й&, 1-3®, ^ttft£ 2-2.5mm. ЮТМХ'ЬТЕгТ <t Mb. 3fe£iW 2n = 42 (®И).
(OD 5-8Я. (Я^) 441
gjfclts-n^-i. (|а)^<7)*'Г) > -> у >г ^©^Wrffili
^mtU'OLfci', Ф7Ео^й^'-'7хгХ'Я^Ц1ЬЪ6. О—h)
C", < ©Жй, ЗМйЦВ® B4:Kti8^i© t ° '' s >r У var. pacifica
Honda, |й)11 l^fe© -V У /-У- var. hondoensis Ohwi, ЖмМЙ'С'^.Я. £ Мг 7 У- Л 7 v у
var. musashiensis Honda f£ Ь'й’^'ЫгЪ. й<£й1±1'ф;© tOftiriL io-t Ь < ЙЖ® var. rubra
5.
Perennial growing in sunny grassland ranging from lowland to alpine regions. Though
resembling F. ovina, distinguishable as follows.
F. ovina ...... Culms densely tufted with many intravaginal innovations, without stolons.
Leaf-blades inrolled, deeply grooved on the adaxial surface. Leaf-sheath with distinct,
membranous auricles at the mouth. Spikelets 3 to 6-flowered, 5-8 mm long.
F. rubra ...... Culms loosely tufted, with long, extravaginal stolons and rhizomes. Leaf-
blades folded to flat, with 8-10 prominent nerves on adaxial surface. Leaf-sheath with
indistinct auricles at the mouth, or without. Spikelets 3 to 9-flowered, 5-11 mm long.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), widespread in temper-
ate to subarctic zone of N. Hemisphere. NOTE Infraspecific taxa have been recorded from
Japan: var. rubra, var. hondoensis, var. musashiensis, var. [xicifica etc. REFER. Clayton(1986):
93-94. Hubbard(1982): 135, 137, 373-380. Edit. Tutin(1980): 140. Ohwi(1965): 159. Koyama
(1987): 83.
112
TS: ffiKiifii Transverse section of leal.
POOIDEAE POEAE -f
ft: ftEfKIdutfs »Ш. 1
113
Hagawarj-toboshigarA[Jap.] Various-leaved FEScuE[Eng.’
Festuca heterophylla Lam., Fl. Fr. 3: 600(1778).
Ш'ЙКЗЙ'Х. BV L<1® £30-80em,
F^fc-o< (>©i, 7
-Jj<v t О^^^-СШО.З-О.бтш, 3 - 5 К, ФХЖ1<Х < 2 оГг 9 L Zt 9, №<?> < %
*§2-4 mm, «$10-20™, №^-^, -С±№сДШ L, IfitEfCitr < Ш-=£тП
тао1о1иткгашо1ТО9, twc-c, гж^^лгв-
15ст, |Йд7±А4±)ёйЖ^, ЙНЖФ.ЗZritMlt £}fЬМ'ШоИЛ 'J'BfiOiiJ
-ftffiPW, S$9-12mm. 5-9&Ж1*й>ШТ*£1±£й£Ж, «$3-
4 mm, ГЖЗ Ж « $ 4 - 6 mm. ЖЖИД^РЖЙ», 5tft« 5 К, Д$5-8тт, WlW
<, ifcttiU 2 - 6mmOiSVLfciir^g> 9, fiWIOiL ИД. rfeL^fiS®, «$2.5-
4mm, ^О±^Й|5«йа©Д^Г^*>Ь^6. ?fefeW2n = 28, 42.
(ТЕМЯ) 7-8Л. (5HD 3-p y-^«, %ФЙЙЛ~Ф7->7©ЙЙ. М^И!И77УХ. НА
©Utt, ^A$H7cWfflS.-T^*^L, ^г$А<ЬТг?>. (|в)£<л*'£'] ФЙкт
X®, 5-94<fEJ: 97x9. «-Ф7Ео®Шо5Ы-ийЙ L % b, fWISm FiU-.oli<
SW-lLlWtX£$ t£6T?jt9 c L7x£uM^H-Ht-rtt>X4'7x< iHlJg-c^^. g
E> У^Ж±111О®Ш&-СЖЖ L X t> Ъ /Л fcX Ь < ФЧ 'Л'ЛЛА/Ло -05 иШ
5.
Introduced perennial as soil binders. Culms densely tufted, 30-80 cm tall, with slender
rhizomes. Leaves dimorphic; the lower leaf-blades folded or inrolled, filiform. 0.3-0.6mm
wide, 3 to 5-nerved; sheath tipped with membranous, rounded, erect auricles; the upper ones
flat, several to 10-nerved, 10-20 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, minutely tomentose above, glabrous
beneath. Panicle 6-15 cm, erect to slightly inclined; branches rough, solitary to paired, with
loose spikelets. Spikelets 9-12 mm long, 5 to 9-flowered; glumes attenuate at apex, 3-4mm
4-6 mm long; lemmas 5-nerved, rounded on back, 5-8mm long, with a straight awn at apex:
paleas as long as lemmas. Anthers 2.5-4 mm long. Ovary with 2 stigmas and long hairs on the
upper half. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Native to Europe, introduced in highland driveway of central Japan. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 93-94. Hubbard(1982): 133. Edit. Tutin(1980): 139.
LB: ^kSsn -31 A part of leaf blade.
TS: 2 Transverse section of leaf-blades, showing their dimorphism.
114
POOIDEAE POEAE -f
x8 x 16 LB
№ ' VII. 17
115
b
Festuca parvigluma Steud., Synop. Pl. Gram.: 305(1855).
T0B0SIHGARA[Jap(
W^., ГЙ^ЗО-бОсш, 10-2501,
ffil. 5-3mm, L H L ЛИ Г g ш К й'>& 6. U W®, ffi S 0.2- 1 mm. ?;
8-15cm, ЬФ'Й>^*О&й’»£ЙЙМР±, ТА© &Ofift SlOcmiC% tf. *) , ±¥
Hvt,
Шгб. ФЙЗДё., miRi'‘iboXW, fi^7-9mm, 3-54ЧЕйчЬ&£. ШФ;*<, tU
W-С’КЙЙМ, »Ш5-6«т, 5 Ж, ФФЙ1? < , Ш&, ^9Л:Цй1
й, 1Яй^Дг 6-9тт©Ш'£й‘!В*. iWBUНД, ^ИЬ^Й‘1С 2 IS, WЪГ«Ж*£<ЬШ
Й'<^-Г6. тЖРЖ ft20.5-0.7mm. 2n = 28.
[7ЕЯЙЗ 5-6 Л. (ЯНН «Ж, *Я 1«1®, AM. -т Ф®, 4-/K4t®. 9 4 7-ЖтР1*.
(|В|г<лй'Г) W, йЗЬсс/сН-Фй
ФЖЗ-э'ЖШ, ^ФШ!МШ'К'Н<, iOS©)Ui&J;fcJ; Lfc&fe0
Shifts. ЖЬ&Йй^ПНЖГЙ^й^ ±6. аф£1*Йй№^Тг, Н-К-У)!
t % l'bh.6. ФЖГ'Ш ♦ А^Ш) Ь P9ffl(ffi у
Ъ?> — Эй'^гЬО, 4 7'=1г |-,Ф>Л'7 var. breviaristata Ohwi t JUfiU. ййЭДН^'С'Д £ О.бттйА
^H5-6mmKlL, ТЕ^ОЙ^ 1 АФЖНК, b А -> if ? h OttOt»ia+ P * -> *' 5 й> е>Я5
НЪФб.
Slender perennial growing in shady place in lowland, with long rhizomes. Culms loosely
tufted, 30-60 cm tall. Leaf-blades 10-25 cm X 1.5-3 mm, often inrolled; sheaths smooth, glossy;
ligules truncate, 0.2-1 mm tall. Panicles nodding, 8-15 cm long; branches solitary, rough,
spreading at anthesis, with a few to several spikelets at and near the tips. Spikelets green,
somewhat glossy, smooth, 7-9 mm, 3 to 5-flowered;glumes minute, ovate, unequal, 1mm:
1.5 mm long. Lemmas 5-6 mm long. 5-nerved, green indurate, nerves barely seen even under
hand lens, with a long, delicate awn from the tips; paleas as long as lemmas. Anthers ellipsoid,
0.5-0.7 mm. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China, n. India.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 93-94. Tateoka(1985’): 14.
116
POOIDEAE POEAE <f
£ ШЙЙЖШШЛдаМ V.24
117
’V'x* YAMA-TOBOSinGARA[jap.]
Festuca japonica Makino, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 20: 83(1906).-F. fauriei Hack.(1908).
-C®^30-60cm. 5-15cm, (©1.2-
2.2шш, 5-6 i©L,
anmss IrnmlUT. 8-15cm, 1 2 L, &1W <t Л №
^©ТЛ'2/зи±й'<1НТб. 'bWiftS 4 - 6mm. 3 - 4 Ф7Ей>е>й 0.
1.2-2mm-C»l'1 Ж, 2-2-8mm -Cffll' 5 % Ъ, Ф6»‘
Й>, ggttftS 3 - 4mm, ЗЙ^-О/А < X 0 ICo£
t<<, ЗШ1Ч<-С Wifcbfcl'. №$Я£аНШ. 1.5mm 1/iF. 2n=28.
С7ЕЯЮ 6-7Я. (Ж) И9И, AM. W, lb'iW, ФЯАР& * < 7^W±fc*>-<
7хой'Ъ(Ж, (РШ)*?)даМи:->*7а<. t ОсЛ/рГйоШ
li/J'W-S TE/TO&ti, F *-> A?1
MML, 2*iiol±J5to^<, fitXzi'W, 3-4mm(
7X*ti4.5-6mm), 1.5mm X' I- * > Л'т О 2 - 3 £ й©-СЯ.#Н ЬК 6. ft tte^ifflcoO©
ЙИ, Ш«Й<ШкИI'-Cl'Ъ&, £< tit.v-.L-t,
ъ.
Perennial growing under summer-green forests, with slender rhizomes. Many culms tufted,
erect, 30-60 cm tall; leaf-blades 5-15 cmx 1.2-2.2 mm, tomentose with very minute hairs
above, glabrous beneath; sheaths smooth. Panicles 8-15 cm long; branches usually paired on
each node, nearly smooth, with 1-4 spikelets near the apices, and the lower 2/3 or more quite
bare. Spikelets 4-6 mm long, 3 to 4-flowered, glabrous, characterized by minute membranous
glumes; lower glume 1.2-2 mm long; the upper 2-2.8 mm long, weakly 3-nerved, nearly
rounded at apices. Lemmas 3-4 mm long, thick and lustrous, faintly 5-nerved, rounded on
back and not keeled. Paleas as long as lemmas; anthers about 1.5 mm long. Chromosome
number 2n=28.
DTSTR. Japan(Rare; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, Taiwan, Chinese Continent.
REFER. Key to Festuca spp.... Ohwi(1965): 159. Koyama(1987): 73-75. Tateoka(19858): 14-15.
118
G, -G,: Й.Н-Ж-э it 2 ®<O(3!S Persistent glumes on pedicel.
POOIDEAE POEAE -f
S: V.22
119
% % b #7 /t - b 4? '> # -7
Он-TOBOSHIGARA, ONl-TOBOSHIGARA[Jap.j
Festuca extremiorientalis Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 45:194(1931).--------F. subulata Trin. ex
Brong. var. japonica Hack.(1899).
WT', Й 570-lOOcm, №//'& <, < <T 3 - 4 ЙЙй»ЪЪ.Ъ. Шй $20-30cm, Фа 5 -12шш, <) Н
т^е$'Ьо< й>, ^-#4ХЙ$ 2-Зжп, ft$20-30cm, й
2 - 31ГГГд< &©Т.Л-С<'Л£ t
4XF>4C/J^^o4tS. ФШЙ $ 5 - 7 тш. $>&£, i 4-5'Мт&.
lift? 2-Зтш-С 1!Ж, $2&т3.5-5ппге3111К&%<>. $ 5 - 6 тш, 5Ж 'РЖИкК^оЧ^
4'*Jllibi№!±i L, &$ 4 - 7ттоййLitet&a. *;ЬЖ13«, ЙНЙ$1-1.5лз
It Д$ 1.8mm, &fefl5Tt2n = 28.
(ТЕЛЯ) 6-8Я. (Я-ffi) »Ж, • ФЙ9К^£Д. ЯМ» ФИ» ->-< У 7Ж*т
(|н)£<7)Л' £) n*©'|'SBWJtoilj%x-|±i^5 4ЬК"Л
4t 1 2 - 4 РШТЕГУТХЛ^ < 'C&ft’tИШ, 4 if Ы-о < <ЬЙ£-44ЛМ
И 3 - 5 ЖоМ 17 LfcftV t 041t Т'^Ж'гЬ Ъ. Жт§-(1^?8С1, ^®41 5 Ж-С#(-1|Й1 'Ос
7кб, ЖЖ©б1-«4-41ЙЧЬй^5С о- Ь) «Й4Ж.ЙТ6 F.sub»
lata 41£ С. t <с 1 < ittfcffi-C, Е. Hackel, 4'11|Ж4с, Hfl—Й: t'ti, V <-K > л 7 O^W.it
HHEffit L-Cl'fc. WmU© 1 btcto,
Perennial growing in temperate forests, with long slender rhizomes. Culms solitary or a tex
tufted, 3 to 4-noded, 70-100 cm tall, unbranched; leaf-blades 20-30 cm X5-12 mm, slight!;
scabrous above, smooth beneath; sheaths rounded on back; ligules 2-3 mm long, pale
brownish, often oblique and laciniate. Panicle large and loose, 20-30 cm long; branches
usually 2 per node, widely divergent and nodding, with loose spikelets on the upper 1/2-2/J
Spikelets 5-7 mm long, 4 to 5-flowered; glumes unequal, the first 1-nerved, 2-3 mm, the secois!
3-nerved, 3.5-5 mm long. Lemmas 5-nerved. 5-6 mm long, strongly keeled on back, awnedal
apex; the awn straight, 4-7 mm long. Paleas as long as lemmas. Anthers 1-1.5 mm long
Caryopsis 1.8 mm long, densely pilose at apex. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. JapanCUncommon; Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu), Korea, Sakhalin, Kurils, Ussurit
Siberia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 93-94. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 393-394. Koyama & Kawano(196f.
874. KoyamaCl987): 77.
120
G, +G2: ЗД E<• fc 2 tSOSiK Persistent glumes on pedioi
POOIDEAE POEAE 'Г
«: 1ШШИАШ УП -12 x °'8 121
E u 7 ; >г 7'^
HlROHA-NO-USHINOKEGUSAfJap.] MEADOW FESCUE[Ellg.]
Festuca pratensis Huds., Fl. Angl.; 37(1762).-F. elatior L.(1753) ambiguous name.
Mlt, B$30-100cm, W-£-r, ®ИИД< TTi't. ft?
20-45cm, ФаЗ -10mm, , J£-]=fi5fCW, t Z>'‘ofc=f!
0, -CiWi£ 1 mmltf. 5 ft Ъ A',
ft£10-30cm, А, <Е’Л» 1 Й?5Л>1Ь 2 ^-f-OjllX, ffiV'TiOKtti 1 - 3 Й1'Л©ЙКЙ
3 -1010 fit* О ФЭЙ £ О It 6. 'ЬЯШб -U'MZfrbtz V, ft£10-20mm. ^41^, ^-WillR,
ft^2-4mm, 1 - 3 Ш, ft 5 3 - 5 шш. , ft 2 6 - 7 mm, 1№&V'W
fr*?, 5uiRA'^>6. 2^-я-й^о, шь^жт-е^<, я
lift £ 3 - 4 mm. «> L^ti 2 ГЕЙ* t>, 2n = 14.
(Oil 6 - 8 Я. в - p „ 7 -/7, jmcfeHL » 4 Sj&tel't'f + 9 Л. П^ХЧ
ttltWA< &±<tLX*5 0, *ftl, Ей,
£>. (/—b) t p '' / > -> / >r /•y-fcti F. elatior L. Linire <7>d 4 7^K
->->/ >r/->ЛХ)'ЙЛ, b-£X F. elatior t <t /v-Ct'fc -tiо £ 0 L< tc<DX’,
Zhi. 0УгИ,'^£^оВД1Ъй^£ F. pratensis ^I'SO^ILbt Bf-fflll
E. E. Terrell (1967)
Perennial cultivated in meadows or escaped on roadside. Culms erect, loosely tufted, 30-10(1
cm tall, 2 to 4-noded, unbranched. Leaf-blades glabrous, 20-45 cm x 3-10 mm; sheaths rounded
on back, split to the base, with narrow, crescent auricles at the mouth; auricles glabrous (in
F. arundinacea ciliate on margins); ligules only 1 mm tall. Panicle usually nodding, 10-30cm
long; branches mostly paired, the shorter one with only 1 -3 spikelets, the longer one with 3-1(1
spikelets. Spikelets 6 to 14-flowered, 10-20 mm long; the lower glume 2-4 mm, the upper 3-5
mm long. Lemmas usually awnless. 6~7mm long, 5-nerved, obtusely keeled on back; paleas as
long as lemmas. Anthers 3-4 mm long. Ovary glabrous. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to Europe, and naturalized in Asia and N. America. In Japan common in
Hokkaido, and not so much in the other districts. REFER. Clayton( 1986): 93-94. Hubbard
(1982): 141. Terrell(1967): 129-132. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 394. Gould(1975): 102 103.
122
POOIDEAE POEAE -f
S «SJtMiti VII. 7
123
7^^ ONi-usHiNOKEGUSA[Jap.] Reed fescue, Tall FEScuE[Eng.:
Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Spicil. Fl. Lips.: 57(1771).
MJIISfcZdEtXMLtW4tffi^40-180cmrliZl,
V\ ^#ttft^l0-60cm, ШЗ-lOmm, WK, £ Й'-□ = В
. nimftiftsio-socni, i• &2*©й^1Н
Л < Sii-W-I' Ь p^7 ?•>/ *
t о '' 7 V -> / У 7*-th.ЗЙЖШа £ /v£’±ffi|CO^tU £?£l'. о ИЖ=Ё.
&©5t>, Ди^!О13-10т£’о4'Ш'<’<.
feftii 2n=14.
...WOi±ffitcot|±JL-C $&£&»?, 0/г-э mrbВ
©*rtc;te-ofcK©5t,, ffii'№X3~m fii'^»ctiM~2(Mgti£'©d<^o<. О1©£ИЖ
£fc!5fc©*'‘£l'. &£W2n = 28, 42, 70.
(» 6-8Я. [5МЮ P--7 ^'ТУ^ть'-'Т 7. 1987^5^0 M<£Stdl
•ft,, Г< ^о5ГА1ЬН?>. (IrI^©*'?) ^^P>n«>AS!©4 ^^-1?, Ж©®Ш£<, ЖЙ©1Ж
H0J«©lW£b, Д$(0.8-)1-2ст©Ф^й'НШЕ/Г£й*Ь©*1, tTt р - / >•>/Hi
fr*-<7 -у 7 у 7--tf-£A< £i\ О©^'Ф’'Й<,
SfcS-C, ^>< 6/A
l'_
Widely naturalized perennial growing in arable land, riverside and waste places. Culms
erect, tufted, 40-180 cm tall, 2 to 5-noded, unbranched. Leaf-blades usually glabrous, 10-60cm
x.3-10 mm; nerves prominent above; sheaths split to the base, rounded on back, with narrow
crescent auricles at the mouth; auricles ciliate on margins; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle
nodding or erect, 10-50 cm long; branches mostly paired, scabrous, the shorter one with 3 to
several spikelets, the longer one with several to 20 spikelets. Spikelets 3 to 10-flowered, 8-1!
mm long; glumes unequal; the lower 1-nerved, 3-6 mm long, the upper 3-nerved, 5-7 mm long
lemmas 5-nerved, 6-7mm long, obtusely keeled on back, usually with a straight awn l-4mm
long at apices. Paleas as long as lemmas. Anthers 3-4 mm. Chromosome number 2n = 28.42.
70.
DISTR. Native to temperate regions of Eurasian Continent, and naturalized in N. America.
Widespread and common in Japan. REFER. Hubbard(1982): 141. Terrell(1967): 129-132. Edit.
Tutin(1980): 132. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 395. Gouldfl975): 101-102.
124
POOIDEAE POEAE <
#: Wfrfi V.26
125
2 Я У * У * Takane-somosomo [ JapJ
Festuca takedana Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10:113(1941).-Poa nuda Hack, ex
Takeda(1910).-Leiopoa nuda (Hack, ex Takeda) Ohwi(1932).
Wil, SSS15-40cm, g 1 mm£ 0 t Л i'iii?
$ 5-15cm, Ш 1 - 4 no, ii
t 1 mmJUT. НШЕ#It^fh, Д $ 4 - 8 cm, gtii 1 Si5Z»G 1 - 3 Ж-ГоИК,
W, 1-'N6ttW-9mi, 3 - 4 'hft/Wf
Z>. ®тша'|в№-С, ft^4-5mm, 3g,
-СЗЖ, goTWidW'ibtTT-Wteii'W,
Ж£|й|Д, 2 О'.ЬКЯФЙЯ*‘^^'й', /V—(Ы'ФЗ <, ts&bi'KA
Х.Ъ. ^JtS^2.8-3.5mm. 2n = 28.
(7ЕЯП 7-8Л. V -f TWfeUftUl, tt‘
ft. [7-H Роа &-®Ы7£й\ о 7c <
4©T'. >->-/У/-9-Д Festuca tAkbMV’S.
©IHXcUi. Poa nuda Hack. <t L'CTo^flJg'C\t Л>7сй\ Aftfi Poa XbtrL6 Fes-
tuca L’CdJtfe't Festuca takedana Poa nuda Hack. Festuca lift
Festuca nuda 17c Ъ & й», T"C'tc^^(g2iK’4rftb7£t,'^)-e F. nuda Schur
(1852) it'5 •/*•>) nuda 7cZ»Ъ.
Perennial in gravelly soil of alpine regions. Culms slender, erect, 15-40 cm tall, with short
rhizomes. Leaf-blades 5-15 cm x 1 -4 mm, nearly smooth; ligules under 1mm tall. Panicle
nodding, 4-8 cm long; branches 1-3 per node, smooth, with 1-3 spikelets per branch. Spikelets
7-9 mm long, usually purplish brown, 3 to 4-flowered; glumes subequal, 4-5 mm long, 3-nerved,
sharply keeled on back. Lemmas 5-8 mm, weakly keeled and minutely punctate on back,
3-nerved; nerves rough with spinules on the lower halves. Paleas nearly as long as lemmas.
Anthers 2. 5-3. 5 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan; alpine regions of Mt. Shirouma, Mt. Yari, Mt. Tsurugi & Ml
Tateyama in c. Honshu. REFER. Clayton(1986): 93-94. Chase(1962) vol. 3:155; 1. c. vol. 2:136.
Takeda(1910): 112. Tateoka(1985a): 15.
126
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
xO. 82
«: Й^ЖЙДЙ VII.27
127
NEZUMi-MUGiTjap.] Italian rye-grass[Eng,i
Lolium multiflorum Lam., Fl. Fr. 3:621(1779).
1-2W. 2-5fii5J; 6/I-9-C,
U ЙгЗО-ЮОсш. 3ll-20cm, tg 3 - 8 mm, £<tWlK;UHlil!
(SITS)i', 6, ±.®»ХЪ_Г
<?, $ 1 - 2 mm. »1t
ffitiSiz:, $15-30cm. '1
ШЖ ФЙК№ЙИХ 2?IJrW, ( 5 -) 8 -20ФТСй'1Ь t£ t, ft $12-25». Д±О 1 'J«
W'> 2(g©W% t>, (»>tz <, %~ЖМ % о. '1
a<7> 1/4-1/2(4ЛКЗ/4)оД$, 5-7Ш. ^т5Ж fliKlifrbfc 2 Ш*>Й> D, W
^*^Й$ 5-12шт0*Ш1'е^Шб. iiW ft $ 3 -4.5mm. ^Uglt Lfclli
FW^£Jvtti£, /J'ftriJceU. &fcW2n=14.
(7ЁЙЯ) 5 -7Я. (Ж) з - p .,^-e* 7 дтШМУШ %1'Ыг, 4^ t A,
SMMtLXl'X, Г<ло5, (|я|ЙоЛ'?;
И^$ЙВ©ЙИМ^Н Ы Я®О, ffili'ZAfi-^ >)
2?ijr:W, 'bWi^-^5 8-204ЧЕ1 1 fc*L SLoidWHiWlM (у-b) 7а*
KlUfxHAiiil'tO-C, 5EL^'L<, L. italicum A. Br. t X ifflS O!t, V' L ofc i U
ЫгЪ. £fUi^H£T?, a*>
<T> it&ft-t OlRtcfB L -C ib Ъ.
Annual to biennial, cultivated as fodders and escaped in arable land. Culms loosely tufted,
without non-flowering shoots at anthesis, 30-100 cm tall. Leaf-blades 11-20 cmx3-8 mm. flat,
rolled when young in the shoot; with crescent auricles at base; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Spikes
erect to slightly nodding 15-30 cm long, with many distichous spikelets; the rachis flexuois
and rough. Spikelets sessile, 8 to 20-flowered, 12-25 mm long; flattened oriented edgewise t«
the rachis ; only the terminal one with 2 glumes, while all the lateral ones with only upper
glume. The upper glume abaxial, coriaceous, 5 to 7-nerved, usually 1/4-1/2 as long as
spikelet. Lemmas overlapping, membranous near margin, 5-nerved, minutely bidentate at
apex, with a delicate awn 5-12 mm long. Paleas as long as lemmas. Anthers 3-4.5 mm
Chromosome number 2n-14.
DISTR. Common in Japan. Widely cultivated and spread in nontropical regions of the
world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 95-96. Hubbard(1982): 151. Edit. Tutin(1980): 153 154. Sugi-
moto(1958): 2-8.
128
TS: Young leaf enclosed in slit
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
Hoso-MUGi[Jap.] Perennial rye-grass [Eng.
Lolium perenne L., Sp. Pl.: 83(1753).
0 4 ftig $ П, t L T V' % А», j J: 5 Г li£ < Z£ I'. SIS’
90cm. 1УТ K- X i a +* £ IfciK L ~C Ъ.
rh 7 A
X ; A #
o^i£.
^WoFelK., (E$^<>H&i4*A''A'7£ HJ'-j
TV'S.
O«#lttS2-4mm, £V'£
офт 2 О#т Heft О T V'S (0TS).
o/J'»il0WT©W4<.
$ 1/3-3/4, ИШо 5 E: Л % 7c t£
l'. 2n=14. 28.
0 1-2^. Wltm 7E»lrtt№
ЬТФ<то^.©#г7Е^л*'-о<.
O^#!H|a3-8mm, WW. tfV'ilJht^
^Офт< S 0 i^l'TV'S(iaTS).
о ФЙШ04ЧШ ко ъ О А'# < ,
$ ti'biffi© 1/4-1/2,
(Ь^ц 2п = 14.
С7ЕЯЯ) 5-7Я. (Ж) н - р „-A'b7->7ffi®^A'W-TO®a?tV'bH, ^W7xft^©Otoil
ТЙЙ$ПТ, IU-^ifef-ЙА'о/с. (7-H W. D. Clayton(1986)HC®g
roV'T, Г-к^той1гаи^ЙА'^1ЬП, OW-lxJ?iKS riiiHZfcii/cfRBT'^SJ iiBLti
6. e^K%Wo.+> У А4-ЧЮ^7с(с/£< , ±О1ЬКЙЯ^< OWWr|B$Hft:%O^i >О7сШ
s. X 0 S,£oS $ Лой 5 О ( J. 1:О#1Ж X 6 отй> S 5.
Though closely resembling L. mulliflorum, it is distinguished as follows. Culms densely
tufted, with non-flowering shoots at anthesis. Leaf-blades 2-4 mm wide, flat, folded when
young (fig. TS); auricles sometimes obscure or absent. Spikes usually narrower and short»
than those of L. muUiJlorum-, spikelets mostly several to 10-flowered; upper (second) glum?
usually 1/3-3/4 as long as spikelet; lemmas usually awnless. Chromosome number 2n=14,2$
DISTR. Presumably native to Europe and w. Asia; through cultivation for fodders wide
spread in temperate to warm-temperate regions of the world. Not common in Japan. REFER
Clayton(1986): 95-96. Hubbard(1982): 149. Edit.Tutin(1980): 153-154. Gould(1975):106-107.
130
TS: if \LT-oyr|,Dy v 'ЗёДОЛ j® Young leaf in the shirt
POOIDEAE POEAE
S V11.20
131
Lolium temulentum L., Sp. Pl.: 83(1753).
DoKU-MUGl[Jap.] DARNEL[Eng.j
1^Ж. WLtJfc'iL, Fft^30-80cm. ^#ti^$20-50cm, 4g 3 - 8 mm, ft
=€, ^fliW$l-2mm. t±|fRSiO-
30cm, i r < >), ti± >) r A,-c 2 Ягф^/Ао <.
Ф^ШЙ-C’lfST-, Й2 1-2.5cm, 5 -10<№‘₽>ft *) . Mife, 0 £ о
4г-с<%ой\ az>‘Offir/£V'Wc^6. -&8ЬхШ±оФШсИ-<сй>о<, {ЭДФоФйГ-НйА'.
т©Ф»1^О®Ё0Й|55>Л‘7ЕЙ^Гп]И-Хо^, Л 1.5- 2cm,
i ШЭс|й| ей £ K-& £ й\ Ч&Ш, 7-10JJR*‘£> 9, &(, '< 4Й. >) ’&Ъ
ЗВШ ft£5-7mm, ft ^$И!1Рлй'&-о <, фсР^й^Д * 7 -20mmfS£©^U'^i
Ж£. £ fiXJrcpfci <2£1й'Й> о t, 7 >f-y -у К 9 л =? var. arvense(With.)Liljebl.(1816) L £ R
m&32.5mm. 2n = 14.
С7ЕЯНЗ 5-7Я. (Ж1 3-P.zz<OtV'bn, Hi ^ЧкЯФоВФк^А SH-O'fc. B^fli
[|0)5е:лй'£-] 1iJ2«tclt-<, М--ЗЖй>^Й-С9 < , 8
1Ш-Гi < Г$ЦЙ!СА6
-СФ7Ей'@Л:о©Н^ой/сН-е^5. (7-bl i, a 9
^й'ФЖЛ'-ГбО-С, К 7 A^ilH'h.%. fejctiJ2000^©^->-7 b ©ЖЙЯЬЖФЬ, St IIWSSJ
4 ^13Ж25Й!5(с^©^й'<‘'-С < Z>.
Adventive annual growing in waste place. Culms tufted, 30-80 cm tall. Leaf-blades 20-50 cm
x3-8mm, with narrow crescent auricles at the mouth of sheath; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Spikes
erect, 10-30 cm long; rachis flexuose, with internodes mostly 1-2. 3 cm long. Spikelets later-
ally compressed, closely appressed oriented edgewise to concave internodes, 1 -2.5 cm long, 5
to 10-flowered, light green. Lower glume absent, except for the terminal spikelet. Upper
glume of lateral spikelet as long as the spikelet or longer, coriaceous, 7 to 10-nerved.
Lemmas ovate, 5-7 mm long, conspicuously plump at maturity, with a straight awn 7-20 mm
long at apex. Awnless phase is called var. an?ewse(With.)Liljebl.(1816). Chromosome number
2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to Europe. Widely introduced in the temperate regions of nearly all the
world. Uncommon in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 95-96. Hubbard(1982): 153. Edit. Tutin
(1980): 153-154.
132
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
8: ffiMWlilJ V.29
133
Вон-MUGilJapJ Stipe DARNEL[Engj
Lolium rigidum Gaudin, Agrost Helvet. 1: 334(1811).-Lolium durum C. Koch(1848).—I.
cylindricum C. Koch(1848).-L. loliaceum (Bory et Chaub.) Hand.-Mazz.(1914).
6 13^. WfiK^io-5Ocm,
9'£'£(><>< Ой'Ьй'б. 3 5-17cm, Ий 2 - 7mm, HSU
BS1.5mm, tzYi-R. ОВДС, ItXL, 9-25cm, £О®Ш7-14тт, RWt"
1кй1'1!!1Ай'^?>. ФЙ1Х©И^л©ФкЛ)1А^, igt'5 5ГАЛ5Й
3 - 8 b М©ЖШ1!^©*ЬМ<,
ФЖЯ, 7к#£, юиджгш 5ЫШ®, -Ш. 1о-л^7Ж,
2п=14.
М) 6-8Я. Ф*з-₽ > z«x
iOK2U<. 9 d v’^toJcLT-d х. (|5)^<DZ>'^) £4 4EWiHW-c,
<), l®O^t^±h.Jt/J<^r©H^.©4>K2St % X 5-ПШЖ--С, ФН/г!ф-С'|н]й-С^6. tztzt
£ 0 LZKftS. <ЕФ&Й1
0'KEa;*‘tt -o-Cl'%. (7-Н ф С Л* % ^39 ©а-е, t < fc±<bo£/A|=| t-ъ, С. J. Humphries й
“Flora Еигораеае”(1980)соф<"Л© 2 V'5.
Subsp. rigidum.7Ett©:ftTOgfM(0.5-) 1 -1.5(-2)mm. ^«ЖЙ, i £5.
lift $ 4.5 -8.5mm.
Subsp. leptuloides(Boiss.)Sennen et Mauricio = £. loliaceum (Bory et Chaub.)Hand.-Mazz../ES
Of Е<ОМШ.5-3.5тт. WWLL<I'£. »й23.2-5.5(-7)mm. >Г/^6П;7«Й?
A*tc^HlXfc4><^c4>iO&6 £/S5 й', lA<EW, L. rigidum t L t
< ,-F У a hilt t'fc L.subulatum VisJT— x 7 t'7 fet
Ъ < ±O subsp. leptuloides Ъ<?>/сЪ 5 t iXliX.
Adventive annual growing occasionally on roadside or in disturbed places. Culms 10-50 cm
tufted, erect, rough under the spike and on rachis. Leaf-blades 5-17 cmx2 7 mm; ligules 1.5
mm tall, with minute auricles or absent. Rachis of spike stiff, erect, 9-25 cm; nodes 7-14 mm.
terete, with a long concavities entirely enclosing the spikelets. Spikelets 3 to 8-flowered, with
only one glume except for the terminal one. Glume subcoriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, multi
nerved, erect when young, eventually recurved near apices. Lemmas ca. 1/2 as long as glume,
ovate, ca. 7-nerved, acute or obtuse at apices; paleas ca. as long as lemmas. Chromosome
number 2n -14.
DISTR. Widespread in warm to temperate regions of Eurasian Continent. NOTE Ver)
polymorphic species, and many infraspecific taxa have been described. N. N. Tsvelev (1967
recognized 2 species, L. rigidum and L. loliaceum in it, but according to his key for these
species, it seems better to treat them as conspecific. REFER. Clayton(1986): 95-96. Edit
Tutin(1980): 154. Tsvelev(1967, 84): 422.
134
POOIDEAE POEAE -f
x7
s: v.i6, v.io
135
'j' %% jf3? NAGINATAGAYA[jap.l RAT’S-TAIL FESCUE [Eng.]
Vulpia myuros (L.) С. C. Gmel., Fl. Baden. 1:8(1805).-Festuca myuros L.Q753).-Avena
muralis Salisb.(1796).
ftS10-70cm. LtfLlXjK*Zci®»IC±^2rfF6. Utt*
кшкйъ, as 2-15™, лл
Ш0.5-2ШШ, W'/iFK, -^XBSlmJUF. ГЧШЕЙ^Й
Ш'ЫоШШ!), ftS10-20cm,
%ФЙ«С1ЕЙ, t 51СЛ.Х., ^Cfll'XSW. ФЙ©ВШ l-3mm. ШЗ-7
8Ш& Й£7-1Ооип, $~»1Ц >$l-2mm, 1 - 3
ft 4 - 8mm. OlltftS 5-7mm-Cggl' 9, fttX ЬЛЧЧСЙЯ < К о t, ft S 8-15m
«£'©jS5ZL7£^£Ztb, 1iWJ< <£'£><>:*, 'WEor^Si't < 5.
ОШ£ ШЛй|Д, 2WW, щ#±<сГХФЙййЧЁ<Л 4Hr2t
fctt3*. $ttft§ 0-3-0.8mm. LthtЪ. 2n=14, 28,
42.
17ЕЙЯ) 5-7Я. (Я-Тп) s-р .у-<~®7'>7С0ЖЖ£1'ЬН, В 0, Ш
ЕН. AJt|K.jK< -ШЬЬ-С, t о £ %Л>о$ йсо-ri'^. * Т УЖЗД© а - р
£L<W£SH6££<>£6£1'5. (ЙЖГОЛ'Г)
/*^,ТЛ'|±15-а:^^7с/Д И5&-Г?>£, Т^-СЙП'&^Ь^,
?Й^-оЦ%Г £-СЪй>5. frfe, Л’-VO^Cp. 140)^^)?,.
Annual widely naturalized on roadside and seaside. Culms tufted, 2 to 4-noded, 10-70 cm
tall, erect to ascending, very slender, sometimes branched near base. Leaf-blades glaucous-
green, 2-15 cm X 0.5-2 mm, usually strongly inrolled and filiform; sheaths glabrous, smooth,
rounded on back; ligules under 1 mm tall. Panicle hardly exserting the uppermost leaf-sheath,
except for its short flowering time apparently raceme-like with appressed branchlets and
spikelets to the axis, inclined to nodding, light-green. Spikelets 3 to 7-flowered, 7-10 mm long;
glumes unequal, the lower 1-nerved, 1-2 mm, the upper 1 to 3-nerved, 4 8 mm long. Lemmas
5-7 mm long, attenuate and awned at apices; awn straight and 8-15mm long; paleas asking
as lemmas. Anthers usually 1 (rarely 2-3), 0.3-0.8 mm long. Disarticulating above glumesand
between lemmas. Chromosome number 2n=14, 28, 42.
DISTR. Native to Europe and W. Asia. In Japan naturalized and common in Honshu,
Shikoku and Kyushu. REFER. Clayton(1986): 96-97. Gould(1975): 95-99. Edit. Tutin(1980):
154-156. Hubbard(1984): 157.
136
POOIDEAE POEAE
VII.20
137
Он-N AGINAT AGA УЛ [Jap.,
Vulpia myuros (L.) С. C. Gmel. var. megalura (Nutt.) Rydb., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 36:53!
(1909). V. myuros var hirsute. Hack.(1880). Festuca megalura Nutt.(1848).—I'
megalura (Nutt.) Rydb.(1909).
l^o Й<ТЙЙ1, И$30-60ст,
2-3.3am. lift §15-30cm, ftli&C, ИШСШЯ-Г lift %
ФШ-1Е1 Lt, t 6 01 Ь K-H, )Ktii- * Л'-V £ ^ о < Ь t, d'Sfilifi£ 7-10п,
О1±Ф ® b ft Г < Я t ч^-=Ё 4 li' Ь К. li xl Ъ V й'Ой £ £ £t 6 й*. £ L ft W ft t' О U
Ъ. ^lift^l/4mm, ftftL^lf^a. ^feftli 2n = 42, 63.
(03) 5-6Я. (Ж) ^ЬЖ©)ЖЖ£1'ЬН, * -f T^ifeliT ’) * (* У v z /u-yffl). El^ftfia
ив, шитаттшшош
ft«(ft £Zn^< , ЖЖ^^Ь fttlf 6ft-=6oi>^ £ £, ftTd'ftO^4^ftl'£ £ Wt-lii-^t!»
£t5;£ft£*^!i6ftt'<Z)ft', ^-^li F. W. Gould(1975) ft(£l', £ Л'-ТбО^Й£ L-ftJRofc. ,9!
®£Lftb, i ofc< |s)B4>O£L'CBSiJLfti'^JB^^?>. Vulpia ii0*-Clift l TbI Festuca £11
SWifth'^. l-2^ft-££££, UfUfl (t Hft 2 t ft li 3 ) M t
£ b -£T, 3tliifii: Lft^bb^t'^Kii&bS ft M>ft b ^fto-Cl'Si'
₽>, IfiTliSd® £~£S t
^O^KgELtibS.
Adventive annual growing on roadside or in waste places. Culms tufted, slender, with
filiform, glaucous-green leaves. Panicle 15*30 cm long, light-green, slender, the branchletsand
spikelets being appressed to the rachis, apparently raceme-like except for short flowering
time. Closely allied to var. myuros, and is distinguished by the lemmas long-ciliate on margins
Chromosome number 2n = 42, 63.
DISTR. Native to N. America, not common in Japan. NOTE V. bromoides (L.) S. F. Gray=
V. dertonensis (All.) Gola also has been recorded in Honshu and Kyushu as an adventive
plant. 'This species is characterized by the panicle distinctly exserted at anthesis, and the
lower glume 3*6mm long, attaining 1/3-1/2 as long as the upper. REFER. Clayton(1986}:96-
97. Gould(1975): 95-99. Edit. Tutin(1980): 154-156. Hubbard(1984): 157.
138
POOIDEAE POEAE <
S:Hllrrfi V.12
xO. 82
139
4 Inu-naginataga ya [Jap.!
Vulpia bromoides (L.) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2:124(1821).-Festuca bromoides I
(1753). Bromus dertonensis All.(1785). F. dertonensis (All.) Aschers. et Graebn.
(1900).--V. dertonensis (All.) Gola(1904).
&l'fcSiniters2>. 10-50СШ, ffl< 1mm at't-if.jZ-f*. Й
lift? 4-10cm, Ш0.5-2ш, 11£ *), ft® $ 0-2-0.5mm. PJgfeWX&Sfe, IS
3-10cm, IrXKWtL,
Фтд $ 7-10mm. 3 - 6 ( 7 )Ф7Ей'6 ft 9£ 2.5-6mm, ^-^0 1/2-3/4
Ш, 2mmUT©etftO, 3 Ж.
5 - 8mm, H t L t ft 3. 1 (t £ ItZ 3){g, ftSO.ont
IW. ^5ffl«cW'O<. &t*W2n = 14.
(ЗНБ) h-p Ф7>>7, 77ПСО-С', S-ttlcWL 04<KUh.tAibh.i. H?
¥ У л, 7 9'/л.
a. mW'is<, 0.3-2.5mm-c-, %
1/2 шт.
B. Й&ОМКИ;13ЯЙП.......................................ЙЧ
В. ЦолОtuift^ftt..................................
A. Ш1Й* 11>, ®9i® < ww-f. 3mm JU kt', 8?
l/2-3/4fttcft?>.
B. EttggiOSC, '|>i(6) 7-1PJ4E ....
В. Oft< , ?»fe, 'km 3 - 6 ( 7 )'hft .
Adventive annua) to biennial growing in waste places or in meadows. Culms 10-50cm.
slender, 1 mm in diam. Leaf-blades 4-10 cm X0.5-2 mm, inrolled and filiform when dry; ligules
0.2-0.5mm tall. Panicle pale-green, 3-10 cm long, distinctly protruding above the uppermost
leaf-sheath, with short and erect branches, often raceme-like in appearance. Spikelets 7-10
mm long, 3 to 6(71-flowered; lower glume 2.5-6 mm, 1/2-3/4 as long as the upper glume.
1-nerved; the upper 5-8 mm long, with a short awn at apex, 3-nerved. Lemmas 5-8 mm long,
with 5 faint nerves, with a thin, straight awn at apex of the same length with the lemma,
Cleistogamous. Anther usually ca. 0.5 mm. Chromosome number 2n=14.
DISTR. Native to Europe, Asia Minor, Africa. Naturalized to N. & S. America, occasion-
ally to Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986J: 96-97. Gould(1975): 95-99. Edit. Tutin(1980): 154-156.
140
G, l-G2: 2 1И<Охй2й Persistent glumes on pedicel.
fh'gffiili IV.22 xl° X10 X1O
141
& 7 'У' % j- я MuRASAKl-NAGINATAGAYAjJap.] SiX-WEEK’S FESCUE [Eng,
Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 36: 538(1909).-Festuca ocloflora Walt.
(1788).
WicX. < ЙХИ5Й'>, IW/Ri-
/J'JIlXWitfbtoK, 5
$5-8mm, 6-ll'J'ft*'lpfcS. M—Ш, $ 4 - 5mm, 3 t O.
&$Ш, л$4-6тт, 5M, 0 < T2 l^flUJ Ы,
3-7mm, 2n = 14.
(7ЕЯВ) 5-7J3. 4tW®M'bn, El^tctfS » А УЖ1Ш7 * ') Ъ
(7—b) Vulpia(^ 9 #-V®)ft, FestucaO > / >г/4Л®)О--Й15£ Lt
Sbkti'i. Festuca ti% £ % £fc^ < ^., ^Ж£НТ?}Ш@о-ой>ЛК1 < t'Ettib
?>й>, ii\<btzfr*tcW&, Ш'М *^5>/*ОЙ< tzotzi: 5 й7Е/?й£'ЛЖ>Я-Ш:
%t>, %<D 5 ^»й>© Festuca £jftl', l-2Ht'l4
LL, gi©M< xtiol 0-Й--Г, 5ЫХЙЛЬА:ФЫЬй>1'е^^?>г i, WJ't, UfLtffc
Zcl (ilxfc2 i/c}i3)ia^M'>-C^5 с £ЛсгЛЛ<0!|фй^’Ьо, % Htfir 6tt Vulpia £LtSi
tz^tz. W.D.Clayton(1986)r J: o-Cfe<. ’ййФоЖФт x=i
-C, Festuca LS'tjfcl'.
Adventive annual growing on roadside or in waste places. Culms tufted, slender, with
filiform leaves. Closely allied to V. myuros, but is distinguishable by the following points
Panicle long-stalked, exserting the uppermost leaf-sheath, with a few branches and rather
loose spikelets, interrupted here and there, glaucous-green and usually tinged with purple
Spikelets 5-8 mm long, 6 to 11-flowered; the lower glume 3 mm long, the upper 4-5 mm long.
Leminas lanceolate, 4-6 mm long, faintly 5-nerved, rounded and scabrous on back, tapering
into a straight awn 3-7 mm long and tinged with purple to violet; margins of lemma no!
scarious, strongly inrolled. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to N. America, infrequently adventive in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986):
96-97. Gould(1975): 95-99. Edit. Tutin(1980): 154 -156.
142
АР: ЖЙФЗЬЭД Apex of leinmi
POOIDEAE POEAE -f ?=г>±=ЖИ
S:HlUiU V.26
143
Е
Cynosurus echinatus L., Sp. Pl: 72C1753).
HiGEGAYA[Jap.] Rough dog’s tail[Ed&.
й £ 20-40cm. fj.
5-20СП1, *a3-10mm, £ 2~5mni, t^ick
fcVx^-CBAf-o. Wfrt’ifr'i, Mt&S
Л< fe-сдг 1 -5cm, *gl.5-3cm, ^fe, > # 'ЖН W)'tz 2 Ш о X,
ф<йак(1М1йО^ФЙй^!), ^©Sbl^irX 5^1й©^йФ^/ФЕЯФ^. ШМИГ
6'J'ftX OfcO, £!8МЛ2Ж±, ft^7-10mm, №1J№H, %©5tlift I ЧЙЗЛ L i tK
fflKffi-r. &Wv«T5gm ^12S, Ф^^^ОЙФоИй'^ТФСХЖихЙйиА:^
t£b. 2 ?!lrJ£X,Ai 6 - 9 ft©HH’[WRI±©^©Ъ ft Ъ. Й
W 2n=14.
(TEW 6Я. (#ffi) %Ф^?&Ж1ЙЛ'О^Ж-С-, э-в IUW№1
*'f 7’ШШЖз - p у'*. (Is]£<7)*>'£') Й1'^-&:Ь'ЬП7сПШМ
JT'ti, -X + tf-7- + t =Hp. 384)0JiA'tcH, ^^©jElfcV^fcl'. t’ > -t -у Ь ', < О^й'Н
l жйи^ъйЧ'Уи'.
C. cristatus L. % X < €lfc 2 В!©<ЬВй'Ь fc'MfitifiV'TE'M© ft 9, SiL:
Zc7cZiuo-c, 5-C145.
Adventive annual occasionally found near sea-port or in urbane areas. Culms slender
tufted, erect, 20-40 cm tall; leaf-blades 5-20 cinx 3-10 mm, with conspicuous ligule 2-5mir
sometimes to 10 mm tall. Inflorescence very dense, rather compressed, conical to globose
many-awned, 1 5 cm long, 1.5 -3 cm wide including the awns, green, sometimes tinged wte
purple. Spikelets dimorphic (fertile and sterile); the sterile ones pediceled and almost conceal
ing the inner fertile ones. Fertile spikelet 2 to 6-flowered; glumes equal. 7-10 mm long,
membranous, 1-nerved, straight-awned at apex; lemmas narrowly ovate, 5-nerved, shallow^
bifid, with a straight awn from the sinus; paleas as long as lemmas. Sterile spikelets composed
of many inrolled, narrow, sterile lemmas pinnately arranged on rachis. Chromosome number
2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to Mediterranean region and widespread in Europe and N. Americi
Uncommon in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 98. Hitchcock(1971): 183-186. Hubbard(1981
217.
144
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ Л
хО. 82
S: WMfirH VI. 10
145
TACHI-DOZYO-TSUNAGj[Japj
Puccinellia nipponica Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 45: 379(1931); T. Tateoka, Bull. Natio. Sci.
Mus. Tokyo 13 C4): 703 713(1970).-----P. adpressa Ohwi(1931).
30 70(-90)cm. 6-20cm, Ш2-3
mm. 2-3mm.
^<, MS 8 30cm, H t/v Т'ЙТл С“СФЙ!<с <t TEITW
SKmiWxi'. feo^BiUW^oT,ii3c*>io-btL, ЗДкФМЖП. d'ffitiMS4-6m
3-4'МЕй>6&*. sFWtilft MS2.3mmHt', ^-•-/йЖ1ХЗЯ1к, Д*
3mm НТ. Й^НИМЙ, 5 Ж, ST. Tit, Ш< г -£//£> з. IW
^ЖТИМ, ®'В-±КНФЙМ/А#.^. ШМ2 0.6-0.7mm. 2n = 28.
(TESS) 6 - 8 Я. (5HT) ФВМ!, 7М-. И 7£й
(|0]$<7>Л'^) ШТоТ 5 нТ^о<>он, Ш'Тйн. $РШ
(1970)едЛо^->-^ к->3 > 5«»ltV'5.
K->3 -у-у^т..?fefeW2n=42(6x). b. lEfr'o&ii'IW#
fc<, £I±L, MntMt, tfcUi'LH'TftS LKZ>.
-7 7-лт.............%&^H2n=28(4x). 'bsvbisu&afe, 7Е)?отФ!|ш^м<т1’^
^Йх£&й<, 7Е^^й‘Й11< tUlWiS.
Perennial on coastal shoals; without rhizomes. Culms tufted, erect, 30-70 (-90) cm tai!
Leaf-blades 6-20 cm X 2-3 mm, flat to slightly inrolled; sheaths smooth; ligules 2-3 mm tall
Panicle dense, 8-30 cm long, with bases often wrapped in the uppermost sheath; branch»
mostly 3-6 clustered, all nearly erect and appressed to rachis, rough with scattered spinules
verrucose on surface under high magnification. Spikelets 4 6 mm long, pale-greenish, 3 io
4-flowered; glumes unequal, not-keeled. Lemmas usually 5-nerved, rounded on back; nerve
smooth, not prominent on back, sparsely hairy near base. Anthers 0.6-0.7 mm long. Chromo-
some number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Pacific coast of n. Honshu), Korea, n. China, Ussurie. NOTE T.
Tateoka (1971), based on his cytological and morphological study of Japanese Puccinellia
made clear the delimitation of P. nipponica and P. kurilensis. The result is summarized in p
148. REFER. Clayton(1986): 99. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 510. Tateoka(1970>: 703-713. Lee(196fij:
164.
146
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ <
S gf-ftAjteFffi VI. 15, IS] УШ 20
147
CfflSHIMA-DOZYOH-TSUNAGlfJap.]
Puccinellia kurilensis (Takeda) Honda, Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Bot. 3(1): 59 (1930); T.
Tateoka, Bull. Natio. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 13 (4): 703-713 (1970).—Alropis kurilensis Takeda
(1914).
Wl Й£ 20-50ст,
MS 5-10cm, Й1-Зтш, S 2mm.
MS5-20cm,
ПК N"J £ t-ft ?>1±Й £«><>. 'HStXMS 5-7mm, «g 2 * 3mm, 5 liWi £ £ Ucifc
^-zeimMS2mmfSi'-Cm, ^--ЙЖИ2.5-Зтт-С1-ЗЖ. ®ЙЙ('ХМ S 3 - 4mm T*,
WttFK, 5Ш, ST', Ш»Г£К< %
fizftS 0.6-0.9mm. ^^It^fet'^ft < , Й S 2mm.
(7ЕЙЯ) 6-10Л. (Ж1 4tfel, жт 7M-, -v^y-y, -T-a, ^7-
(1970)OW^f-oi'-Cli^ K-> a > у НЙР(1982)1Х jt*ЙП P. pumila
(Vasey) Hitchc. £|n]--Qi£^x.ft.6L <, a $ у ffifWiBt!
tOl.t^OfflW'0tco < ±ft N. N. Tsvelev(1976) t±, P. kurilensis ttT££4
•^'SftS’C, Tft < £& -tf'bffijKSHft P. pumila ki^ft& £>
Glyceria pumila Vasey(1888) iisdtR^'T'^^ft nomen seminudum £x£-<, £
coil^Z^G P. pumila(Vasey)Hitchc. &ЙК'Т, P. kurilensis ©Ж-^i £ L’C^fuTOftoT'C t'6.
Small perennial on coastal shoals and rocks. Culms tufted, 20-50 cm tall, sometimes with
extravaginal runners. Leaf-blades glaucous-green. 5-10 cm x 1-3 mm; ligules 2 mm tall. Pani-
cle lax, erect, 5-20 cm long. According to T. Tateoka (1970), the Japanese 2 species of
Puccinellia are distinguishable on the following traits.
P. nipponica ....... 2n=28. Panicle narrow, light-green; branches appressed or ascending,
entirely or partly vividly scabrous.
P. kurilensis.....2n=42. Panicle broad, usually purple; branches spreading and reflexed at
maturity, smooth (though verrucose under high magnification) or hardly scabrous with
scanty spinules.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido), Ussurie, Kurils, Sakhalin, Kamchatka. REFER. Clayton(1986):
99. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 510. Tateoka(1970): 703-713.
148
ITgBili V.28, VI.25
149
К 3 ^7 'У HAI-DOZYOH-TSUNAGl|Jap.;
Torreyochloa viridis (Honda) Church, Amer. Journ. Bot. 36:163(1949).--------Glyceria viriA
Honda(1929).
f, Wit* 7 3 7 7 X, Ш
* 30-50cm. 10-15cm, Ш 4 - бша, I
ШШт, ЗШХЯ2 4-6|ШП. РШ7ЕЯЧ±£ < -Cft;? 10-20СШ. Ш 3 - 5cm,
ТКГ^М'^г. ФШй'>ЬХ£Ь<><. drifts 6-9mm, #lfe, 6-!
ФТЕй^йО, Sibt», WHlit ЗМН^. ЙЬШК«ТL, ^ГйПсйН1т
Ъ№, 4<ГЕо«^ЖШ* v x< k-> 3 7 -? 7-=^<«1$6fti'. &feW2n=2i.
5 Шт-С, WioEW L-ci'6.
-+ 7 b'7:i 7 7 7-4=-'.<5 2-2.5mm, ФйьДс? 4 - 6mm, ?^1ХД$ 0.25_0.35mm.
-•'T b'з 7 7 7-4=-'.3.5mm, ФЖ 6 - 9mm, Hfilt 0.5mm.
ЮТ 6 -7Я. (THU 4UO, 4WMMW. FI/Мей. T 7-&1Ш©ЖЖМАЖ 1-.=Л1«ГЙ
И. О — h 1 К з 7 7 7-4r® Glyceria t <Z)Hl Ч1Ф 7 '< |' •> 3 7 7 7- 4=-'О z - b tcfiJl
b' c>a 7 7 7-4=-'® Puccinellia 0,
iWUltUXx.. '5 UlR'-af 4> t>, JJJjGifilh-tl'T’, ¥ fit <'£>£>. '' < К '> a 7 7 7-4=-'® Torreyoch-
loa tidbit 7 ^7Jkdt35r)>^L< 4®£>0, -АйЙЖФ i b'->a777
4=^* 7 F-> з 7 7 7-+’©^Йt Lt, |nj Л't t
Perennial growing usually submerged in water. Distinguished from T. natans by the large
size, thicker culms, broader leaves, larger and denser panicles, lemmas 3.5 mm long, anta
0.5 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 21.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Hokkaido and n. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 99. Tsveta
(1976, 84): 514. Ohwi(1965): 166-167. Koyama(1987): 526. Tateoka (1955°); 63-64.
150
G: I G2:1Й.ЕГ-Й7гТ2 Й7Й Persistent glumes on pedicel
POOIDEAE POEAE -f
ц:Ш»Ж*#Т vi .17
151
jfc у У V Н а У ± HosOBA-DOZYOH-TSt'NAGljJap..
Torreyochloa natans (Komar.) Church, Amer. Journ. Bot. 36:163(1949). —-Glyceria natan
Komar.(1914). ----G. pallida of Asiatic authors.
Ф1СНХ ^О^$Я20-40сш. Ц^ЯД£ 5-20cm, 1.5-3.5mm, Y') t
C-Г, ЙЖ tXWbi. F •> з -7 -7 i- =FJK Glyceria ««Ofc£ EWffltt
I'*). 3-6mm. ft 3 6-10cm, MlM2-4t, ФЭДtfоt?'
60^, £HI< ХЙй'Ь CtaS. 'НЙЯ0Ш£, ft?4-6mm, З-б^-ТЕй^^1;, ^ght'NEJ: D1W
JttiFK 1-1.2mm, 1Ж, 1.5mm t3f.
2.5mm, wk, ж»±<-cwaxaiiiL, йтякяиьь-ш
ffi<, ЙЯ®Ф, ft $ 2.5-3.5mm. 2n= 14.
C7EM0] 7-8Л. M) ttitt, *ЯЮТ±М). ФИМ, 7АУ-, Yft, -tb^y-/, AAf
t7*. [|5)5e:6D*'£-] COM &ЙО#®ИН<, ЯЯ‘ТПСЛ:^1'7Жй^^-СДШС, ФТВда'
И AT*, Й^ЯЯ £> EoM- К 3 7 у -у 4=-'Ж Glyceria £ <t < -Й'Г 5>. fcfc F-> з 9 ’
^-^-ея. (З^я 2 <й£ % l)JM>?>0t.
it. t< to /v&Z>vM < -СЖЯ-ftt^JI^-C^S ЛЯ, h < -Оя#сх,
К •> a'? У-Л4=-'Ж Torreyochloa tO'ZJl/E-lWTclxJh.^. Buffi'' d I-' :> а У у y-^f-', K->3
7 У T4=-'®<7) У 4=-*'-^, t > НС, ^йУКФКСЙ;^, й<Я5§?Я, teiMoW'ikfcl'. >
4=- (p. 634) % zK(fe«o < №tz Л', J о < So й I' 4 n -C-, -> О w Ц-С- 4 ЙО Я d.
Perennial usually immersed in water. Culms soft, slender; most part creeping on the bottom
of water, with erect to ascending, terminal part 20-40 cm tall. Leaf-blades 5-20 cmX1.5-3;
mm, flat, glaucous-green; sheaths split to the base; ligules 3-6 mm tall. Panicle loose, 6-10at
long; branches 2-4 clustered per node, rough with spinules. Spikelets pale-green, 4-6 mm long
3 to 6-flowered. Glumes far shorter than florets, rounded at apices; the first 1-1.2 mm, 1-nerved;
the second about 1.5 mm, 3-nerved. Lemmas 2-2.5 mm. rounded on back, 7-nerved; nerves
thick, prominent and rough on back. Paleas slightly shorter than lemmas; keels rough with
dense, spinules. Anthers 2.5-3.5 mm long. Chromosome number 2n -14.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Hokkaido. Kamikochi in c. Honshu), n. China, Ussurie, Kurils,
Sakhalin, Kamchatka. REFER. Clayton(1986): 99. Tsvelev(1976, 841:514. Ohwi(1965): 166-
167. Tateoka(1955"): 63-64.
152
AP: TlgiOftSI Apex of palea
POOIDEAE POEAE
Г WWf VII. 25
153
у 7 7 А KoBANSOII, TAWARA-MUGl[Jap.] BlG QUAKING-GRASS[Eng.
Briza maxima L., Sp. Pl.: 70(1753).
?> О-СЖ-С, 2-4®:H
fcO, Bi 5 lO-бОст. ft?5-20cm, Ш 3 - 8nun, ^Я¥1^Тг, ^<1Й«
Й, Bi? 2-5тш-СЯ£-о. РЖШШЙ? 3-10cm, ZhZii 1 - 3 ®O'bWh
Я, 10Ш/Т, Ъ-Гй>1-2®ОС LW. 'J'tligbM <>
й'0, ЖИИГ.£< ihAz-C, ft? 14-25nun, 8-187EJ: 9^HL к E*|h|W, ЙЙ5
®<Htr. £<*wtu, £*o®gixj4ii/vfzK¥rz£^ 4-свй<. жт»
Шк~£> < ft/c u, ft?6-8mm, fgttW !Ц, Ий'6Й1Ж 7-11 Жй'Ж<Л
Л^ЯГЧЯ^ЙС ft?l±g|^0}itf2/3, ъ#О±ГЙ1'ЖГМгЛ
ot, •7cO±«d^Jt-HX0B56^-ttPnV£<3fe^. $ЯД ? 2mm tlT. 2n = 14.
(7ЕЯР 5-7Я. (Ж) fEWO^i I'? T у => 7 -fflt UXfiftxbhfcU
^Т^ЖйгЯз-р1'4('ШЙ7х£Х<41и
Л:Л^}-1И^5Ы4^Х, ГйЯ
jift/j' 5 Я В »сЯ йг I \
Annual cultivated or naturalized especially near the sea. Culms solitary or loosely tufted
10-60 cm tall; leaf-blades green, glabrous. 5-20 cm X3-8 mm, flat; sheaths smooth, with ca
spicuous ligules 2-5 mm tall. Panicle 3-10 cm long, very loose, with a few branches, only one
to three spikelets per branch. Spikelets pendulous, 14-25 mm long, 8 to 18-flowered, plump:
glumes persistent, subequal, usually 7-nerved, concave; lemmas closely overlapping, gibbous
on back, reniform when flattened, 7 to 11-nerved, usually minute-hairy; paleas nearly or
bicular, about 2/3 as long as lemmas, narrowly winged and fringed on the keels. Anthers
small, less than 2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to Mediterranean region; widespread in the world through horticulture.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 99-100. Hubbard(1984): 211.
154
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
V.16
155
Hime-kobansoh, SuzuGAYA[Jap.] Small QUAKLNG-GRAss[Eng.]
Briza minor L., Sp. Pl.: 70(1753).
1Л-^. Jk£L-C, 2-4 ЖЙ'lb 7x9, Й£10-60ст. О
1ШС1, ft £3-10cm, Ш 3 - 9шт, |§T, ФЛИЙШХ-? t £®L 0
<. Omt. Ж75ИЙё.ЯМЯ, 3-6mm-C'S«O. FWUPtiftS 4-15cm, <fc 5 i-Cffl <
x, $ e>K 2 - 3 l°Pb$£W, ft $ Ш L % r 4mm hi E
-c, 4-8'b7E^ibft0, ЙШ&, E о, && 2 ®ед®141±.
ЙЙЛ^, IvWftffif-ilrHa I), ft 5* 2 - 3mm, 3-5f^5. Ж^ХСЛШ^, ft $ 2 - 3mm, 7-9Ш
й>£>9, 6OX 5(сЛ< ibtr. 2/3 Oft£**>£ !?, ^T', ^#О±Г(ХС< t
1«1(1>Юй'^5. 0.6mm. ft^ 1.5mm, HU »tT b "С,
<Ь^, &а#1Х2п = 10, 14.
(О) 5-7Я. »ЖЕ Lt>#£й1КЦКй>оtt'6. * Т ?‘Й
Шз-р?Х П ФК. £>Ф±!'-НЛ L, L L <>£>?>. tfllC-T*
i> з A-у у i> в. media L. О ИЛ % Е> h- Ъ.
Naturalized annual in lowland to mountainous regions. Culms loosely tufted, 2 to 4-noded,
10-60 cm tall; leaf-blades green, glabrous, 3-10 cm X 3-9 mm, flat; sheaths smooth, with ligules
3-6 mm tall. Panicle loose, 4-15 cm long; branches usually paired, filiform, with several to
many pendulous spikelets per branch. Spikelets ovate-triangular, 4 mm long, 4 to 8-flowered,
pale-green, sometimes tinged with purple, a little glossy. Glumes subequal, nearly orbicular,
2-3 mm long, 3 to 5-nerved, hooded at apices; lemmas overlapping each other, reniform when
flattened, 2-3 mm long, 7 to 9-nerved, gibbous on back; paleas 2/3 as long as lemmas, flat,
narrowly winged on the keels. Anthers 0.6 mm long. Grains 1.5 mm long, tawny. Chromosome
number 2n-10,14.
DISTR. Native to Mediterranean region; widespread in the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 99
100. Hubbard(1984): 209.
156
POOIDEAE POEAE -f 'У7-^ЗЁ£И
xO.82
К : JsTOSHfe VII. 12
157
4<Шй¥, 2 -10#
*), ЗЖС^АхЯМ-^О^Ш), И^И5Ш^4^, Wit Ж# t ft >), Ж# is 1 IhWbr..
ОПКЙй, я>>-о%-оПА:Д^(^ <о% $
1^£©%©Шб#±К<К^й‘&ГХ, ^^©40а<|'Шй'‘*о-С?1оо<. ^П^ПЛС.
X^OM^^itr-^A'LV'd', Й%й‘ЙЬЖЙК%^Й&%»^1К1рНХ1'г>ОХ'> irf*<D£i)'bbX'K
ft <£>?>.
8 № 45 t ft#®
Wo|®4j. ЖНШ- Ж^хдг 2-5И.Х-ЙЙО. £*»!*-b^t . _ _= ft 6. /!-/7.iH Hi
1 1&«г1-2и, 3l©tM« 3 - 7 ram. ТЕ/?ОЙ«^‘Ьо< >t-4--f fi-):
if ЖЛк—(ЕШЯ1©#ф, A^fii'^«! HSrtHft®, *ч*- b^tcftiy?. «1 <£ab5. lE#Wb-?<. Soieii П64>©^^ т 5
ж ilitlL ^ih. 'ЬШИ'$<. 54i V'i^fe-e, «Wi»K-hUWiM^. &mF4IW -V-? 4 7 <
шла. c< tn Jg%^t>jffl<. ZEfffiifib. 2 - ЗЙ5й'<»«^< c>ft. Wtfi^«₽^7c7j^-t2>ffiStifti>. A il 5 71
3-6ш -CAt< Sti-J (Л 2Z>'<J; !>±) ь®. И0ФЯ-К4о-4о-ЬН6. Ф2<-Ои—s-C fl|OX5KU5 Tf-^-ЛХХ 2*J»‘
ft «£ад<-с, »x> <24>fti'. it-*fH*8K©Sflfe jT-ftrf?-
¥Я1£ (ft< НШ1Ж *:2>. ЙЖ©®1Ш£&Мо7-г 0 /J'MW**. IM’*«hXV’t>E6 L< $Ъ-О< 4=)-^'>т
if 3m<cjJ Lftv> (* г ад x ОФ) ft^OPoatb-Cli4-><!:4>d'S!. ft v'!№&!>£, iM-JXLfti'. £ред ЬгМсЦЖ. 'J'WX2.5-4.5iiiii
ж ^адЖ-Г^йъ »<ХЙи®Хй>гЬ2>. ti.i?“ ьа. 5 ftPoa-C^^4©b©(it^*ffi i Л. xxt'. -е©«<ох Oic^znftu. t i-
шла (7t • г Xt? 'гй£Ф4Ж) 1?адхг^л(Х/>йЖ4. tbtcftl-c, ^ИоЯО оаЧ’-’ИЙТ-, Я1 tiifrg-ifts. Л(саднб^й(к, i ft о X *>«?□ ЖЬС®£йЧ$<5. 'hSiif-p tltXb, BAioXjgT -f b -f *5?-'
158
X % 4S fe Ш®
Hit (77 • iXt? Й*Ф6К) »ЙЗ 2 mUT Sfe. Й-ЬЖОИШШ «©ftsoo.s-i.5<s, ЛЁозмачиви X 9 Йё <, RiWifti 7 7f- -f 7- x У 7 *'
ййи «ж г *ш s $йш»® 6 нт TE^stffe-ctmw. к Soft к<ИК©й1й<о & t> п 7х ' 7 4 Я У « У -e
££(С ft. 1Д-»Я11<, -ихшш, i < »fe£3lX-ti«38©3 - 4®ft. 4'38 JX3.5-4.5mn. ФЙ5В*СЙЙ 7 =! 4 -7- х У -г *•
* 8Ш#Ф igftti^.-K-l-Ж, Ж®ИЙ^-СЙ? 1И&0. FWEffoftttttffeT, i- Ь Е Ь L < SH, ft©» 5 ES«O 5 - 7 m»©ft £ 7£ф«й>о < . ftiAzi’W '' 9 7- 7 4 4- X У -Г
«3 1 - Зт. НШЕ#» ft £ < . ft 317 - 30cm, 4'38 ft ft 3 4 - 7 т, F|S)^tc.-b-fA' &3’Е>-о< 4 7 у 4 у
Zt < ffiit L-c 4'38» 3 - 4 «и. o< !> Л 4= 9 f- 4 4- х у У 4=-'
? ЙШ»ЙЙ% Й310-25ст©4'$*-С. BSOhDE StiftC Ж-SHi ^tc4BBKiZ£2>. H »7Eff©Й 3tiff-«oi/3 -1/2, 4'38» ft£<, 6-8»» •7т4 У-Г^г
ЛЙ«©ЯШ £¥№#- 1ШЗГ 4'ffl<ift 3 5-8 иХ-«Ф В Zd -> "C ft #и4©ог>Е-э. *> E 6 L < t A>6. 7Eff©fe!i ’Fift i- 7 7 7 У
Ж М^йЖ £ i, gam ^saw, й з 1 - 2 ни W» 1 - 2 *-Г-эЙ1£, Й 340-ЮОст, OS#<-eft3 4 - SmEZxi. ss» JS < -С «й г а ь A> £йЯ. НШЕ)}-' a ЙЙ. 4'38»®f&t, ft3 7-9™. Й - 4 7- X У 4=-'
Ю. К21Ш£ ЛШ»Й3 2-3»т №TSZ>:ft <, P]«7E/?»ft^^<ffift, ftSlOcmftfl-, ^fe. 4'3S»ft36.5-7.5.1», 3-74'ZE A'E>Z.c?>. Sglti 3JKZ>'«* r) WRfXftffi fi< -+- У г!7У < У -Ъ
5 t^4 J 7^4 777M
159
X Х"Х 7 я
SuZUME-NO-KATABIRA [Jap.] ANNUAL MEADOW-GRASS [Eng.] ANNUAL BLUEGRASS [Am
Poa annua L., Sp. Pl.: 68(1753).
1-2^-C, 8-25cm. Otif
М-=Ё, -ft£ 2-10cm, ®1.5-4тт, у < 2 -оКфГгД, ЙМЧЧ
»Й£6Шт<, 2-5тт, Й^-СЕНсо. ММ!
3 - 5ст, Ш2.5-4тт, 1 5 2 фф'-offiX. Ф»1ДЖ ^ф, ft* 3.5ic
3-5ф7£й'£>&?>. awt 1 - 3 О , 1.5-2ШШ, JS X i> 2-2.5mm. ЙЙШЙ J 2.1
Зтт-С, йШ(ь, Uf •), 5Жй'^?>й\ t#
tctitio £ 0 АхЛК£ $>£ <, -toTSKiciib-f 1Л1!Ш*Ю№
ЙЙ?Ш<, iWoWWiboH, ®:^й'ЗЁ/С?('*£?>. йиаз]0. £ 0.801111IU
< ;б*ФФt£l\ Sfefefttt 2n=28.
(7ЕМЙ) 2-11/3. (Ж1 ttifi, *'Я|, ИЯ, ЛЯ1, « litmWWJ. i
4У8Ш1а-р v-<. (|a);£<Z>*'£) ^ЙЧ'ЖОЯФ'< 1£/CTM- I- W&6, ftOb <t0
К'ЯШ'), Фт-3-5Ф7Ей^ЙФ. Ж^©ФШШ < X § Affc-Г, №±«Фй'Ф*1', W
ofc< Ъ.ЪЫг1:#>Ъ, 0*ф©Л 9 t’vfilj
ф-с. Ж©<>£x.ojsflg, ff-o I'SM'ta-tJIMgfs
у /v л X > у л у и' у var. reptans Haussk. i J; -Si. !Й(В Lfc t П к. №.ЪЬЪ.
Small weedy annual or biennial in lowland. Culms tufted, 8-25 cm tall; leaf-blades 2-10cir
x 1.5-4 mm, acute and hooded at apices; sheaths shorter than blades, with conspicuous ligule
2-5mm tall. Panicle 3-5 cm long, erect; branches mostly paired, smooth, wide-spreading
Spikelets flattened, 3.5-5 mm long, 3 to 5-flowered, with unequal glumes. Lemmas 2.2-3mr.
long, light-green, often tinged with purple, 5-nerved, keeled on back, hairy on the keei
marginal nerves faintly to rather densely covered with appressed hairs; the intermediate
nerves weak and nearly glabrous, often barely seen. Paleas as long as lemmas, soft-ciliatecr
the keels. Anthers about 0.8 mm long. Callus without webbed hairs; if present, very short
Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR Japan (Very common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Cosmopol
itan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Key to Japanese Poa spp.... Ohwifl965): 161. Hubbanl
(1982): 167.
160
AP: (ft.’A: Apex of leaf. HA: Л!ИФ'Й'-Е‘О"Е Hairs on the keel of palea.
POOIDEAE POEAE <
#: «ййй» III. 6
161
У У XX У У У Е? 7 TsUKUSHI-SUZUME-NO-KATABlRA[Jap.;
Роа crassinervis Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 40: 442 & 445 (1926); T. Tateoka 1. c. 98:415-423
(1985).
a i < К1Л;Жо5*1-2 ФЖт-, x x / л e' 7 < 5 ifcoi
5 1985, 87).
1. / л ? t'yco J: 5 2.
3. 5б^ОфЖФЛЯК2:Ж©И©111к)^< X,
fcfc-^tfcfcMib. 4. ^0|Вй'<1'©Ч?, ИТЕйЙО'З'Й-СЧ /п-ШИсНКк
S...tl±O 5 С tlX% о i %»*3fil'-C, 'ЖЛ:к1-Х'* < 11Ш
й'^<, СйЧФЧ'©-?, fcLlfoit'O^aiL, i < 1с®^й>ВДт>йчг*б.
' й* t'z 1Гй'й < , ФШИйШё.-С, - L !i*t\ < t g
й.
М3 2-ИЯ. (#Ф) а*^Й. ФЖ1ЙШЙШ), ИИ, Jiffl. £О-ЛЖ-^<, ЙйЖ, (И
7 / ъ? t'7 X 9 5 Г^ЬНб. * < УЯёЗШГ&ЙЖСЖ :
ЭД^ЬЧГ). ЛХ7 / Л 9 k'yWtft, С П 2: Й!Я?> Т *£Ht*t'. 1 <Ш
К, ИСХ 5Гф1ШоЛЖЙи2: CdtiHi. Й&РШ±Ж r®WWt£J о®£(1985)(с1)дхХ
38^(1987)Г$ ФИЗУ i ®ЪП?> % ©1X0^:
Weedy annual in wanner regions of Japan. Closely resembles P. annua, but they are
distinguishable from each other by the following characteristics (T. Tateoka 1985, 87)
P. annua....1. Panicle branches ascending to horizontally spreading. 2. The upper gluitt
and lemmas are broader, the former often angulate-ovate. 3. Intermediate nerves of lemma
thin, glabrous or finely appressed-pubescent. 4. Paleas are covered by imbricated lemmas
P. crassinervis... 1. Panicle branches thicker, obliquely straight-ascending. 2. Theuprc
glume and lemmas narrowly elliptic. 3. Intermediate nerves of lemma thick, dense!;
appressed-pubescent on more than half the length from the base. 4. Backs of paleas olte
partially visible from outside even before flowering.
Chromosome number 2n=28. DISTR. Japan (Common in Kyushu, occasionally Shikoh
and c. Honshu.) REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1985): 415-423; (1987): 176-186.
162
АР: Apex of leaf. НА: l-.O^fi Hairs on the keel ofpato
POOIDEAE POEAE
s т.н
163
Л-"У 'f" Он-lCHIGO-TSUNAGliJap.)
Poa nipponica Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 31: 256(1917); T. Tateoka, 1. c. 98:423-426(1985).
1 - 2^^-C, CWtU. *mS$40-50cm, 10-20»,
ФМ 3 - 7mm, Wbfr < tYit, £*'*), l-2mm. WW
6-13cm££fC^;h,falh£ft9, Я £ Л, atL5£, fttl 1 ЙЙЙ» b 2 tfotll t S'bo £, £ < -E-jKi
Ъ, ФЙЯ;Й £ 4 - 5п>п>, 3-5'НЕЛ‘Ь&6, Wfi $*П-?П1.5
mm, to J: CF 2mm. £ 2.5-3mm, 5 Ж. 'TiOit £ н!5М._Ь Ф "C'SHl Л*.
КЬот(Й!ОШ'й>, t £ 0.6-1.Omm T?, ЮЙОД £ © 1/5-1/3. Й0
(7E&D 5-7 Я. (5НЮ 4tiO, AW, ИВ, AW, WriUHoS, ФЖ * < ХЙЯи* НА
(|а)$©Л' Ж£й\Ш-£А'О, <+:-^^Ь5г>, УЕЙЧК kfttfWi.&l'C £© 2 ,&Я, АХ<
7 л t-7(p,160)tc4tt?>zA ^©ЙШ2Л'©Г^^Ш1'Г £, £ <
£f-C£%-o< й,Я, &©YitfrxX^ ' * * t*7 £©1ШАОЕ££Й:£. i 7-ff=
nnw, £,
C£, £ < ГВ^©Т¥-^ГЯЖ±ЫЯ-!с%®^©^1^ £&£'-CMWibA.?>. ffi^41i^(1985)OEg
iWTOMEl L, &feft$(2n=42)£ % £ t LT, i'/4+in
=F(2n=28) £ О А1Д й <c,W L t % © ТЯ&ЙН'.
Gracile annual in semishaded places usually near inhabited areas. Culms loosely tufted, 40-
50 cm tall; leaf-blades 10-20 cm x 3-7 mm, abruptly acute and hooded at apex; sheaths split
above; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Though resembles P. annua, distinguishable by robuster habit,
broader leaves with shorter ligules, larger panicles attaining 13 cm long or more, especially
by distinctly rough branches of the panicle. P. acroleuca has more slender and taller culms,
leaf-blades long-tapering toward apex, usually nodding panicles with more spreading and
often nodding branches, rather densely tomentose lemmas in the lower half. T. Tateoka
<1985) reported that the chromosome number of P. acroleuca is 2n = 28, while that of ft
nipponica 2n =42 based on 86 specimens collected at 40 localities in Japan.
DISTR. Japan (Locally common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). REFER. Clayton
(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1985): 423-426. Tateoka & KobaC 1988): 311 331.
164
AP: Apex of leaf. TS: fft iffi О Ж W1Й1 Transverse section of leafsheath and culm
POOIDEAE POEAE
й . шйошшляя Vi. 1з
165
У' А а' 'У "t" 5? MlZO-ICHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jap.]
Роа acroleuca Steud., Pl. Gram.: 256(1854); T. Tateoka, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98: 423-426(1985'
®%й>1ЫКШ©7кй^с}Х^^Ш§Л 1-2^Ж. Й230-80cm.
Я210-15ст, ®2-5(-6)mm, ШЖ £Я, t'OiS
Ъ. Ж^ХЙ$ 1.5-3mm. PW№Xft$ 10-20cm, Ш 8-15cm fi if 1?, ftlXI® < й>£fcfXSH,
2М5Ий^<. Ш1Х&©ф®
ЙШ6, ft? 3-4.5nin, 3-5'Ь7Ей>е>&?>. $ 1.5-1,8m, fc
Xt>'2-2.5mm. ltZclX3K. ЮЙХД £ 2.5шт tiif, 5^*0, Ж© ТФ»ЙГЙ^Й>^ < , Ш
М^ЁйЧХхЬ. £Шс«ХЬ<эПЛ^СЙ^)й'»2>?>й>, £>t b^< 1Хйлч
#±Г1ХД®;^йЧ1Ё/Ь-са£3. 0.7-lmm, J О 1/4-1/3. 2n=28.
(ТЕ») 4-7Я. «Ж, М ИЯ, ЛЯ ЙЙКАо). ®J®, У >, ТЙг, ФН. ?
< У Ж*Ё tx В (|а)£<Л й' £'] £ О Д оу 5 ЧЬ Й йй © ± Ki&-=g й> IX %. 6 % © © й i /I £й‘ 1 - 2
&>Ъ>. $ *>-Сфв(Ххл'х 7 * 9 ь.'? i i %Kt % -> <h 5 Л4®. Вй»1/ЮХ£, j^fcif
ft#©&tXM< Т^йЩг, td'JiJft^ttX'br^hziX*, if; У f '7 У =F <1:XV,
^©ййчс%±о1еж©1 *> йх^1'й^1'. t
f 60 4'7 7 - •/ 4 =;- a' у -)- +' var. submoniliformis Makino(1913)(gl BU)iX^'. £ 7 f У!
Ж^ХЖЙЛ:й\ тйВ *К1й'й:X Ъ.
Annual or biennial growing under the forests. Culms loosely tufted, slender, erect. 30-80 cm
tall; leaf-blades flat, 10-15 cm x2-5(-6)mm, attenuate at apices; sheaths rather compressed,
keeled on back; ligules 1.5- 3mm tall. Panicle 10-20 cm long, nodding; branches usually paired
per node, rough, widely spreading to nodding, with spikelets in the upper parts. Spikelets
light-green, 3-4.5 mm long, 3 to 5-flowered; glumes unequal, 1.5-1.8 mm: 2-2.5 mm; lemmas2.5
mm, 5-nerved, short-hairy on the lower half and on nerves; webbed hairs on callus rather
short. Paleas a little shorter than lemmas, ciliate on the keels. Anthers 0.7-1 mm long, mostly
1/4-1/3 as long as lemmas. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, Sa-
khalin, Kurils, China. NOTE A form with bulbous-based culms is called var. submoniliformis
Makino (fig. BU). REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1985): 423-426. Tateoka &Koba
(1988): 311-331.
AP: Apex of leaf. НА: ЙЙГЙ'В'ТвТ Hairs on the keel of palea
TS: i. Transverse section of leaf-sheath and culm,
166
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
S JBffl&icWffi Ш. 15
167
•W ч У A f- 7- 7 уЧ / =г у
YaMA-MIZO-ICHIGO-TSUNAGI, FujI-ICHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jap’
Роа hisauchii Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 17:132(1928); T. Tateoka, 1. c. 98: 423-426(1985).
Й230-60ст. ft 2 7-15m
Ш 1.5-3.5mm, ЮТ»Й(, $ 1 - 2mm.
10-20cm, Ш1.5-2.5сшТ-^ИЙЛ£оХ§-П, ftttO2 - 3(0o£, ОСЖX t) fot, &Ш
d'WoJ-jKWft£3-4mm, 3-6'HUb
*0, 1.7mm, 2.2mm if. i^Wft £ 2.5-3mm, 5JJ^*'^>»>,
t iffris. aaaxiift < t %ъ. о ы1 к
ffi<, 2^#l-.tc(tft®;.l-Z/?iJ4i-?>. mftS 0.5-0.7mm, gg®<Dft $ <n 1/5 ЖЙТ'* *.
2n=28.
(TEW 5-7Л. M) JtJSit, » rag, A#l, № * 4 (1Ш
*'£') i 7-f -7- =>' 'У t¥K-4l5i;, TElFofeti® < , Сй»&Ф№к.Х ОЪ
Ot, Ь<5Ь^йН?>. % TElWJUv «-?£?>, Ш
Lifted 1с#< . WS < -C®>oft£© 1/5У, F-C^S/tftcX 0 ШЬМ. У-
H 1926^-, LX^^Lfc. 1Й|й|ИЖ1985
li 1 ’У W £ © г Й1Й± »-=6 n L11'6.
Gracile annual or biennial in moist place under deciduous forests. Culms loosely tufted, 30
60 cm long; leaf-blades flat, 7-15 cm X 1.5-3.5 mm, fresh-green; sheaths not compressed;
ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle 10-20 cm long, nodding; branches 2 to 3 per node, rough, usually
erect and appressed to rachis. Spikelets 3-4 mm long, 3 to 6-flowered; glumes unequal, 1.’
mm: 2.2 mm long; lemmas 2.5-3 mm long, 5-nerved, nearly glabrous except on the midnene
and marginal nerves. Callus with rather loose webbed hairs. Anthers 0.5-0.7mm, mostly
under 1/5 as long as lemmas. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. Japan (Not common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1985): 423-426. Tateoka & Koda(1988): 311-331.
168
АР: Apex of leaf. TS: SW iff О 05 й№' Transverse section of leaf-sheath and cult
POOIDEAE POEAE 4
xll
S: IV.29
169
п' 'У 'У 9 MuKAGO-TSUZURlfJap.]
Роа tuberifera Faurie ex Hack., Oester. Bot. Zeit. 52: 451(1902); T. Makino, Bot. Mag. Tokyo
6: 48(1892) nom. nud.
®^<ftft<, 2 - 3gMkfc < Ht,
ШИ. a§20-40cm, ft?5-15cm, Ш2 -4ши, ±
TffiaW, ШШ'ЬФ«±ПМйадь,
?1-2шш. TWtift? 5-10ап, Ш 1-2(3)Ж-Го|±!Г, 1 - 31В®
ФЩЬДЙ&*>*>, ft?5-6mm, 2 - 3(4)d'TU> Ь ft >), I
¥, M—ft? 2.5mm tiH, М-'-'З^ЗЖ, ft ? 3 - 4mm. ®^!ftft ? 4mm |Ш, ФМ
ШЯН-саот?, M-=g,
ttf тп1«Шот)й*Й:1'. rtmou SffiC. ®#J.-.(cfift»^S
/LT’fXx.6. ^fift? 0.7-lmm. 2n=28.
(7ЕМЯ1 4-6Я. (Ж) ЖМ, ИВ, ftJHr t ЯЖ. 9 Л '/Ж WEBgiJiL. (ЙМ
о*'?) asuioe тш, 2-з(4)Фти>ь*бФв,
±Kifix.6ft:W6ft-Г s -/< ?- 7 -л+Чр. 166)Л£«У Лъ
tWttrft6^, '1<ш±бй>г$£< бг: <Hifti'. (у-Н
B^H1889^®fti^®lLlt'Cih.^MLfc!ftH:S^©^-C', & < < . ton
U. Faurie tfrigo Ltl'6.
Perennial in woodland, without rhizomes. Culms loosely tufted, 20-40 cm tall, erect; 2-3
basal internodes swollen like tubers. Leaf-blades 5-15 cmX2-4 mm, acute at apices, smooth;
sheaths closed from the base to upper half, slightly flattened, ridged on back; ligules 1-2 mm
tall. Panicle 5-10 cm long; branches 1-2(3) per node, slightly rough, spreading, with only 1-
3 spikelets per branch. Spikelets long-pediceled, fresh green, 5-6 mm long, 2 to 3(4)-flowered
Glumes unequal, the lower 2.5 mm, the upper 3-4 mm long. Lemmas ca. 4 mm long, 5-nerved,
pilose on the keel and on marginal nerves; intermediate nerves faint, glabrous, barely seem
Callus lacks webbed hairs. Paleas shorter than lemmas, ciliate on both keels. Anthers 0.7-1
mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Uncommon; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu).
170
AP: 5tig Apex of leaf. HA: Hairs on the keel of palea.
POOIDEAE POEAE
g : WSISWM IV.20, НИШ® IV.25
171
11 ^'7 7 t’’ 7
OH-SUZUME-NO-KATABIRA[Jap.] ROUGH MEADOW-GRASS [Eng.] ROUGH BLUEGRASS [Am]
Poa trivialis L., Sp. Pl.: 67(1753).
t fc fl Wife im 9 , i«i £40-100cm, 9
3g£W L"C^>x.6. Ж^ИЙ£ 10-20cm, fi 2 - 4(-5)шш Х'№ Ы» < , ft!-X Ui Llf.+:-
l-®(!3 AP)£&6. lift/А AM
Д£3-8шш. W«.*£ 10-20cm, $_b£fcllK< fci>£^ОфШ£'1
8WS. 'ЬЙИШЁ. ft £ 2.8-4.2шш. 2 - 3(t Etc 4 )Ф7Ей^7х 9 . £^Hft£ 2.5mm,
4X1 tt&3M, < , ЗЯГ^’Ь’О. ^<'±ft£ 2.5-Зпип, 5 Ж, tW£№>
ФЙ1Ш£<-Oio £ 9 L-ti'S. ^KiHfti'toM?
-Г, ^Hft£ 1.2-1.7mm. ^feftfl 2n=14, 28.
(ТЕМ) 5-7Я. (Ж) «й, A>H. s-p ,'<йФ7*7О®ЙПиШк.
H0*©t©t®-(tiffit'^6 5 ti'5. ^47ОИэ-”7< (lalft^M') W*i, й£3-8«ш(
ФЖ12-з($н^4)фтей>1Ь7£огм^, ^твч^йтФак^^о, ^ид
i', Й^Ощ-й-tt^—ftll.-K-I-W&6U
Za-££’O, 7 Л 4< t*7
o±£i' йЛЛй'СгЬбй', <, 8^©ФЖЩ1Н< •OtA/t r?u
*©7?М^1ФЬП2>.
Perennial with many, leafy runners. Culms erect from decumbent base, 40-100 cm tall;
leaf-blades 10-20 cm x 2-5 mm, soft, acute and often hooded at apex; sheaths usually slightly
rough with retrorse spinules; ligules pointed, 3-8 mm long. Panicle 10-20 cm long, with
divergent, semiverticillate, rough, branches. Spikelets light-green. 2.8-4.2 mm long, 2 to 3
(4)-flowered; glumes 2.5 mm long; lemmas with 5 distinct nerves, hairy on midrib and mar-
ginal nerves; intermediate nerves glabrous. Paleas as long as lemmas; keels aculeolate, but
the spinules (fig. MA) are so minute that they are invisible without high magnification.
Webbed hairs on callus very long. Chromosome number 2n 14, 28.
DISTR. Native to Europe and W. Asia, introduced and widespread in N. America. Japanese
plants seem to be introduced ones, growing in mountainous regions as well as urbane areas
from Hokkaido to Kyushu. REFER. ClaytonC1986): 101-102. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 466-467. Edit.
Tutin(1980): 161. Hubbard(1984): 185.
172
MA: l*J 1Й ®"n'oB Margin of palea keel.
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
КШвШМЯ V.23, Jt$$Wi7rK/W Vll.13
173
NuMA-iCHiGO-TSUNAGi[JapJ Swamp MEADOW-GRASs[Eng.] Fowl bluegrass[Ajd.1
Poa palustris L„ Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 874(1759).
t, Й? 50-100cm, Й1 < ХЖ 3 - 4 »*>£>&о ТЙЙИЛ'ЯЧ ЦИЙ$ 10-20cm, *g 1 - Зшш, ЖЙ12
W, з - п ^<Wijt©Sh?>S
5), $ 10-20cm, 'J'S&lil
$3-4.5mm, 2 - 5 Ф®>Р> К 0 , ЙШ6. Й$ 2-2.5mm, 3 l]R, $'6o<.
2.5-3mrn, fttiU£ft L, 5HR, Ф^Ж(щ#ЙВ)iOftttiTJ 1/2 К$Ш
0, ЗЙШХо£НП'5й\ ШИф-^Ж, ^чЧ^Ч^чЧА-^Х'^г^ЛЛ^'й
£-c£6. fimouЙЙ,
^«-=Ё)й^<. »ft$ 1-1.5mm. 2n = 28. 42.
(ТЕМ) 5-7Я. (Ж) 41Ф»о®^гК<^, ФЖГШФ6. Н7»
(|й|^<ллЧ) ФШ^-э5 2-5'НЕаЧйот:ф$<,
7 Л f Ir =7 KL{£I,6,
ttA?rx / t'7 ДК14 fcftaj. < W L, t ifi 0 , ,^© 5 »i
1<С(Ш.8><М)1<!ЯК, Ф^-й-±оФйМяс'<Ф$ <, ЙМоШТО
otA£4(A-—:-ДО№-Ш)<
7 -7 zf 3* -y у- +'.S< , < Ж% Z£l\ ^=S©^< jOO'WIt
ФФтЧ^ихЧЧ, А'-^^Х.КЧ I'< e>vф^ж^офф^ахяя
IE L i 'Шояи»'© dvL - -<<4 i <ЛЧ6.
Naturalized perennial growing in moist places. Culms slender, loosely tufted, 50-100cm
tall, 3 to 4-noded, with short rhizomes and no stolons. Leaf-blades 10-20 cm X1-3 mm; sheaths
smooth; ligules 2-5 mm tall, not pointed at apices. Panicle loose, 10-20 cm long; branches
semivertillate, divergent, rough, with loose spikelets on the upper halves. Spikelets 3-4.5mm
long, 2 to 5-flowered; glumes subequal, 2-2.5 mm long, 3-nerved; lemmas 2.5-3 mm long,
5-nerved; midnerve and marginal nerves hairy on the lower half; intermediate nerves gla-
brous, very weak, almost invisible even under handlens. Paleas as long as lemmas; keels
minutely serrulate on the upper halves. Anthers 1-1.5 mm long. Chromosome number 2n-28,
42.
DISTR. Widespread in cooler regions of N. Hemisphere. Naturalized in Hokkaido and n.to
c. Honshu. REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Hubbard(1984): 181. Tsvelev(1976. 84): 470. Edit.
Tutin(1980): 164.
174
POOIDEAE POEAE
xO. 82
YDI. 2
175
4 У' у "У "У У'
ICHIGO-TSUNAGI, ZARATSUKI-ICHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jap.j
Роа sphondylodes Trin. in Bunge, Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor.: 71(1831).--P. diantha Steud-dSSli
----P. sphondylodes var. diantha (Steud.) Munro(1867).----P. strictula Steud.(1854).—P
palustris L. var. strictula (Steud.) Hack.(1899).
W.*, Й$ 30-60cm,
512cm, ♦S1.5-3mm, IWxTIW
6. Ж'ЖШ 9 & < , 3 -7шт < Fl/do.
L, ft$5-15cm, & Vii/vi'ifi* Lt Ш *§//<<, 3 - 6ITf
«ttOfe, ЙёЗ-4шш, 3-6ФТЕй‘Е>й«>. K-'SSfilffitl
Sftff 1.5mm, 2.5mm lift S 2.5-3.2mm, 5 SR Zo Й 9 , ФЛЖСО)!
«Й©1ЖЙ< ftmouIfllft,
tiftt'. 1.2-1.5mm. 2n=28.
С7ЕМЙ) 5-7Л. (Я-fi) JtifiHt, АЯ1, ИЯ, Л-Я1. ФЖ Ч'И, * d Уgmii+Blt
< (Ir)£<©*'£) fii-SrS, £₽><>< ©^ТЙЛЬХЧЬМ
|!0±SW©K, LtO#frt
£ 6. (7 — b 1 N. N. Tsvelev(1976)!X v - > У d - К6 P. sphondylodes О d у p d
iSD&’SI-'L P. ochotensis Trin. (1830)=P. versicolor subsp. ochotensis(Trin.)Tsvel. ici < — J!ut6t
$}-'<, P. sphondylodes i Ltl'6. tc.tz L 0 AO d d- n* 7 ± =b'lt,
<, ’Ытасйе4>O. Tsvelev oS«^^ix.Zx^ib, ffl&hl&feWcV'i®5.
Perennial in lowland and low hillside. Culms densely tufted, erect, 30-60 cm tall, roughen
the upper part, without rhizomes. Leaf-blades 5-12 cmX 1.5-3 mm, glaucous-green, mostly
recurved downward; sheaths very rough; ligules pointed, white. 3-7 mm tall. Panicle erect,5-
15 cm long, lanceolate in outline with nearly erect branches; branches 3-6 clustered per node,
rough. Spikelets light-green, 3-4 mm long, 3 to 6-flowered, with unequal glumes. Lower glume
Lnerved, about 1.5 mm; upper glume about 2.5 mm, 3-nerved. Lemmas 2.5-3.2 mm, 5-nerved,
hairy on the lower portion of midnerve and marginal nerves. Callus with long webbed hairs.
Anthers 1.2-1.5 mm. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. JapanCCommon; Hokkaido. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Korea, China, e. Siberia.
NOTE N. N. Tsvelev says the type of P. sphondylodes (northern China, LE) pertains to P.
ochotensis Trin. (1830). REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1985): 431-432. Tsvelev
(1984): 472.
176
CU: fl!® I'.uK Upper part of culm. SP: hW'J'Mit Spinules on leaf-sheath.
POOIDEAE POEAE
8.|1®йй1а«ФЛ|1»]' V.16
177
Ko-iCHiGO-TSUNAGi[Jap.J Canada bluegrass [Am'
Poa compressa L., Sp. Pl.: 69(1753).
¥-il, ift(12-3 A&4L, 420-60cm, Uf UiWWiW.H£iH
^Ю6^-Г&. WoA^>A‘Bft^-crB¥ftoJi, gtiW, fti
7-15cm, Ш-З-Зши, ШГР, 0.5-1.5mm -CBftfcftV'. f4t№®4 L, A £ 3 - 7c,
Ш 0.5-2.5cm, Й<Ж<, 0.3-2шт ftOT?, Ж
ФЖИЙ2 2.5-4.5mm, 3 - 5 'Жй'Ьft6 4 ©Я-l\ @^И«{1’|ё|Д, ЗЖ, fi?2-
2.5mm. ФТЕЯЖЙ^АА:* £. §£WS$2-3mm, 5fctl$fc<, ffll- 5 JW).
ФЙШ itlitaUi ^!сфп11®< 4 4? 4 ||-'ШЯМ^(Й1 F). ИйЕ-ЬОй»
(t-oi 5)ПЙ®^-С, i№<£U5. rtlMn^i»i/vF|n]ft-O', £6©WW.t
Й1Х&г 1.3-1.5mm. 2n=14, 35, 42. 56fti".
(7ЕЯП 6- 8 Л. з - p ,y < Ш. H^tliift, * 4 УМйлау;
tt'7. CIsJ^co*'t^liV'Jbot, -toSH»?? 1
$lat^ipariW/hWl'bS < , Я <L /v F/A 3 - 5 bM. t < icff 4 ИЙ 4 ЙК-Л
^«o^lJliSa-R-ift^c ticl t), ЙДо№0Йй‘6Я#(^-П'. 1:©^ИП(
44£££ OtHLtAfti'iAAfti'^t 4£и.
Adventive perennial rarely found in inhabited areas, with long, creeping rhizomes. Cull®
strongly compressed in most part, solitary or a few tufted from node of rhizome, 20-60 tn
tall, often shooting from bent and creeping bases. Leaf-blades 7-15 cm X 1.3-3 mm; sheath,
also compressed; ligules 0.5-1.5mm tall. Panicle erect, 3-7 cm long, 0.5-2.5 cm wide, with
short branches, bearing spikelets from nearly the bases to tips. Spikelets 2.5-4.5 mm long,
mostly 3 to 5-flowered; glumes subequal, 2-2.5 mm, 3-nerved. Lemmas 2-3 mm, ovate with
blunt apices, with 5 faint nerves; pilose on the midrib and marginal nerves near the baser<
to below the middle. Webbed hairs on callus long or short, sometimes absent. Paleas nearly
as long as lemmas, both keels rough, aculeolate. Anthers 1.3-1.5 mm. Chromosome number
2n=14, 35, 42, 56 etc.
DISTR. Native to Europe. Introduced in N. America and Asia. Occasionally in Japan
REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Hisauchi(1950): 79. Edit. Tutin(1980): 164. Hubbard(1984)
193. Gould(1975): 118.
178
TS: fttrottliSj Transverse section of cukn
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
8. V1I.22
179
NAGAHAGUSA[Jap.] SMOOTH MEADOW-GRASS [Eng. j KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS [Am.
Poa pratensis L., Sp. Pl.: 67(1753).
'WtL-сЖ^Н, Ж'ЯтШШ*. W4L, Bi, is;
30-80СШ. 30cm Г Zx ») (|3 *sg© рЙЖ), 1Л© % 10-20cm, Ш2~4е
F^tcZcfc. fttRu. й
ПШ, 0.5-1.2mm, i TEfftift 2 8-15cm, Ш 4 - 9cm EX', Яй'ЙгЛ
7сИЮ, 2-6*Ш<, S’b-ot, &»1СйоИЯК, кМШШМ&М.
'WiR£3-6mm, 3 - 5(6)d'7E/^ib*: *), ft3 1.5-2mm,
$2-2.5mm. Вт5Ж, -ft$ Зти^Е, 9, Ф»Ш
й>т. 1*>тюй£ ШООЙ, S«LI-ri-iftt<&(
<4 5, 4>^Н/с^)й^6. W-ft$l-2mm. 2n=28, 56, 70 /it'.
(7EMB) 5-7Я. (Ж) «Ж, E9S, ЛЛ, ¥ЙНсГ < 5 t£ % ©a«o %<o, Wcg
иаМ©ЙШ'1 ^--y ^4i, «okotiftl
tLt3-P^<i>6fA51ifclOti'5. * -f -7"Жй2^а -p #*pOjKl'O>qfc.E,
(Ir)^cd*4*) ЖМ, ЕЩ, Л1'Но¥й2^^о 5 Роа <z>5t>, ft<-C^lli'ffiStlX
iotx, ^)И<1-’,й1ШЗЬо|1|Ж{'СНЛ?>4 И^’
±+'(p. 182), W20^t^i'*7 7 F Т^^+Жр. 202H ft &%<>//, 45Ш
JgWWbti-Ct'fc. 0«|*i^-®WA‘gS^$n-Cl'-5Z>‘, n^tAotl'i^tootttiieSi
Perennial cultivated in ranch and widely naturalized. Culms tufted, erect, 30-80 cm tall,
with long, creeping rhizomes. Leaf-blades 10-20 cm x 2-4 mm, acute and hooded at apices,
basal ones attaining 30 cm long; sheaths glabrous, terete, rounded on back; ligules truncate
0.5-1.2 mm tall. Panicle 8-15 cm long, nearly erect to inclined; branches 2-6 per node, moslh
spreading, with rather dense spikelets on the upper halves. Spikelets 3-6 mm long, 3 Io
6-flowered, green; the lower 1-nerved, 1.5 -2 mm; the upper 3-nerved, 2-2.5 mm long. Lemmas
5-nerved, about 3 mm long, pilose on lower halves of the keel and marginal nerves;tb!
intermediate nerves glabrous, strong. Paleas as long as lemmas, with rough keels. Callus with
long webbed hairs. Anthers 1-2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28, 56, 70 etc.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widespread in Eurasian
Continent and widely cultivated in N. America and Australia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102.
Hubbard(1984): 189. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 456-457.
180
АР: Apex of leal
POOIDEAE POEAE
4 b
lTO-rCHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jap.
Poa matsumurae Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 709(1899); T. Tateoka, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98:©
(1985).----P. tomentosa Koidz.(1917).------P. iwateana Ohwi(1935).-------P. chosenensis Ohwi
(1935).
-ClOcmUT.t-Wx^,
Й$ 50-80ст. ft*10-15cm, Ш 1.2-3mm, LrfLlfs
Й№-=ёй'£0, £ & b, TJotoKttMl/i -
S'6o< c itifrl'. o.6-2mm. TElTiiA? 8-15cm, Ш 3 - 5mm, &W
1К<$ГИ<. <$4-6mm, 4-5d'?EX‘V*
Ъ. 2.5mm Jo X IX 3mm, Wffl < i Й» Ь , 3 JURATS. 3.5mm, fgftlli!
T^0 1/2-l/3t, 1/4 £'!C, ФЖ«МТ;-С?4ипи'С'('1^> 4
ЙМ-ШоН, JoL^ltS*, 1.2-1.5mm.
Ш 2n=28.
С7ЕЯЯ5 5-7Я. (5H5) *ЖЛ-Ф1Ю. W\ f 4 1^0*'?)
«й^ка;
O 5 Ж=Ё*5£> 0, t /JW;WtJ; оабйчс^нЪт.
Rfcot^Y, Л.ЖЙНХг^№й1Ч±И&ГНх.,
Perennial growing in rather shady places of mountainous regions. Culms solitary or looseh
tufted from long, creeping rhizomes, erect, 50-80 cm tall. Leaf-blades soft, 10-15cmXl.2-5
mm, usually tomentose with minute hairs above and on sheaths, sometimes glabrous; sheath?
laterally flattened and keeled on back; ligules 0.62 mm long. Panicle 8-15 cm long, la;
branches paired to clustered, widely spreading, with a few to several spikelets on the uppet
halves. Spikelets 4-6 mm long, 4 to 5-flowered, distinctly flattened; glumes subequal, 1
nerved, 2.5 mm: 3 mm long. Lemmas 3.5 mm long, 5-nerved, pilose on the lower half of keel
and lower 1/4 of marginal nerves; intermediate nerves glabrous. Anthers 1.2-1.5 mm. Chro
mosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (n. to c. Honshu), Korea. REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1985*):
429-431. Lee(1966): 149.
НЛ: E Hairs on leaf shcath. TS: ЗЙЙВДЙЯЙП Transverse section of leaf shealt
АР: ®<о?Л:йй Apex of leal
182
POOIDEAE POEAE
g: П1Й»О1ЮТ=. -у tflJl УШ. 3
183
Гт + * "V Ao-lClIIGO-TSUNAGliJaf,.
Poa viridula Palibin, Acta Hort. Petrop. 19:134(1901); T. Tateoka, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98:431
434(1985).
ЙМТШМхи. ft <? ЗО-бОся. j
Sfe, fi$4-12cm, Ш 1.5-2.5шш, О
0.5-1.5^, ISteft^ 1 - 2mm. R«tW
fetetHL-ca*, Ю6-15ст, Ш. 1.5-4cm, &te® < T SW < . 'h^te-MS 3.5-4.!»
2-3'Nti‘btil), «а, ашзж, MS 3-3.5mm. Ш t £ 9, fiSlt
Фт«Ш< -cteo S S<g±o4>oM(
G&t-)te'>w. ^teMS 1.5mm tef. &a#te 2n = 42, 56.
ITEMS] 6-8Л. (ЯЖ) ©J». ФИЖЛ, *Му, ЖТЙг. *4 71»!
.шу ->/nfjfl-й. (|5)жо*'^) ^^teftsi-zc.
Wiitee>teoi'-C, ft±W)OteW^OftSO0.5-1.5fg(ffi[m985), 9fi;
ЯШ'эт yE/?teitj2-r^/£t'on@^-ft-a:. |B]5£-c^6. HfraifUigimtte»
9--4^-rf-7 9-+Xp. 188)te, Ж15о^Й/А®<, 1Ы'-С-,
ОЗ-4/Й-, ТЛоЖ4>-Г-<ТЖ1и 9М1'Ж^4Чо. &*>• N.N.Tsvelev(1976)te, P.viridulaV;
subsp. angustifolia(L.)Arcang. = F. angustifolia L. ©Д^ 6 Lt' £ l' X t'S/A
7 4-'1'^^-7±4=-,te9-*'^y-9-l:telllloA>!cl:5 X ‘)-C^S. tctc. L±#ftHW941)te$'JH'5?>Ll.
t 4>IBL-Ct'6.
Perennial growing in mountainous forests or grassland, without creeping rhizomes. Cite
tufted, erect, 30-60 cm tall, dark-green. Leaf-blades soft, 4-12cmX1.5-2.5mm;thoseoflk
uppermost leaves 0.5-1.5 times as long as the sheath; the others shorter than the sheath
Ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle long exserted, erect, 6-15 cm long; branches short and rough
Spikelets 3.545 mm long, 2 to 3-flowered, light-green; glumes 3-nerved, 3-3.5 nun lout
Lemmas 3 mm long, often tinged with coppery-brownish above, lower half of the keel an:
marginal nerves pilose; intermediate nerves glabrous, thin and obscure. Webbed hairs a?
callus scanty. Anthers 1.5 mm. Chromosome number 2n = 42, 56.
DISTR. JapanCCommon; Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu), Korea, Manchuria, Sakhalin,s.Kuril-
REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1981): 431-432. TsvelevC1984): 458. Lee(1966):15S
184
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
S : VII.29
185
'ТА Я t Aixu-soMosoMofJap
Роа fauriei Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss.: 711(1899).----P. tateyamensis Honda(1930).
®L-r$nS£ffa. WfiiSiS 20-60cm, £Н<Ы-Ж£, ЯК, ЙЖЙ < 0.8-1.5mm.
ft?4-12cm, I® 2-3mm, fttW < £/Ай. ?ЙНЙ5И <t b ®. < , 0.5-1M. fl
iOttJK 3 - 7cm, W>ih, mw-c 1 Ж 2 - 3 £, LH Ufft/ATi '
- 3(4){g<0/J<^ttfP>^oH-«>. 'hWift? 6mrn, 3-6ФТЕй>Р>Лс9, Ш&. L
£5-r <, £ < ki±®£b1ХЙ< 1ЮТ
£ftb, £ M'S <), ft?:X^h.^'h.3~3.5mm 0'3.5-4.5™. I
8Ш'&^£|Н1Я, ft? 4-5mm, ^Ь i) , 5 ®R, Т'ФЭДГ
. йякг 2-2.5mm. 2n=28.
С7ЕМЯ) 5-6Я. (ЯЛ>) Н7ЦС
«Ж«Ц|, ЖЯ. (|5)^<7>*'Г) ЬйЧЛО! 5 7с@71о7с'#®4Н-оо-0Ъй‘^
-Пч ФШ1'Х-< ttflbt’*-? <, ft ? 6mm. m-r^-ctbb Г1М<Й0^Я-й^оТ:, %9ЫЬч.
8o»iUfL!ffct, JfgfiL, #jM£Z£6. (/-
1) 0*«ОУ^У1-и<Ш^?>й>, co^oiJbHdtM ШтМ7, -Tfti^
ФЬ, -ео^£/и£'}Х4 ^^7 MM74^M4-ihU©tiKn.
Gracile perennial in woodland, with short rhizomes. Culms 20 60 cm tall, loosely tufted,
their bases decumbent to creeping, rooting and shooting at nodes. Leaf-blades fresh-green, 4-
12 cm X 2-3 mm; ligules 0.5-1 mm tall. Panicle 3-7 cm long, pendulous; branches 2-3 per node,
smooth, spreading, with only 1 3(4 Ispikelets per branch. Spikelets 6 mm long, 3 to 6-flowered,
compressed, usually light-green, rather glossy. Glumes and lemmas thin in texture, widely
membranous-hyalin along margins. Glumes unequal, acuminate at apex, 3-3.5 mm: 3.5-4.5nun
long: lemmas 4-5 mm. obtuse at apex, with a few to several teeth on upper margins, pilose on
the keels. Paleas shorter than lemmas, rough on the keels. Anthers 2-2.5 mm long. Chromo
some number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; on mountainous regions along the Japan Sea, from Hokkaido
to Fukui Pref, of c. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Kawano(1963): 47-50.
186
MA: йй.ЬоКЛ''. о Upper margin of lemma. AP: Apex of leal
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
187
TACHl-lCHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jap.] WOOD MEADOW-GRASS [Eng.] WOOD BLUEGRASS[Ab
Poa nemoralis L., Sp. PL: 69(1753); T. Tateoka, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98: 432-434(1985).
аЗ><МЙ:1'. Й£ 40-60ст, ЙЙ11J
4fii5Z»»«bfr ЙГвШЙПП'. 10~20cm, Ш 1-2.5mm, W,
6й<, i<3-4®fcfcs. who, т-m. м-з-адф, ж
<£15cm[W, Й112-ШоЦЮ
'hW±S¥, 3.5-4.ЭМ, 2--
'bTE^fr1?, 3-4ШШ, 3 Ж 2.5-3.5mm. 5 Ж +i
fr<t®<, t ^t4i^t/vt'4<BJ]ifrS. ЙШ&
mml*)3$. 2n = 70.
(7Е1Й) 7-8Я. (5HD аW«, 4LT&. У 7, a-^.i
9 < У<1Шз - p (7-H В £ШД1Д X<W>64«>9fcU®lFtOt,
ffi|S5M(1985WV->STJffi-C'O 2n=70O®T^m>.U LX, bT^tО1М1<
ft<. t < (cfi±g|5o^-C4rl:^Z/liHo 3-4fc<Lfr»>, jISoW'i < HgA'J
-> i 4>fil't 7 9г 4 2n = 42(p. 184)'C(i, ft l:.{i©^©^^"C
moM(O.5-1.5fc)0i>©W, 0.5-1.5mm-C'^>2>. frfrL^-p у-'ХгЯ^
2n=28, 42, 50, 56 fr £й'ш1Й^ Нт: v <-C, T С ЛЬ Ь Ъ L < , fr 3bTnW‘i8U.
**•4 -i у 7-+'O®^4i, ТЙОЙзИЮ-ОЛ-у BiOtOi, <>©£Ж
9+л -x-p 7±^aa7kr4t-tc^s®fr^©6Li\ IWа«Ж! гш^йоЖ
^frfic^tj <L^9, ^0287O0tcffi^Hfr^O4i, St'K, a*LfcffiV'7E#2sXU4©4Wi
, ®?И 0 £ £ b 9 Zi у -}- +' i ttgljffi t ,Sbfl b. |5) В О |Я| О & О 4ЗД(ЬпЧ|01> iolLjf
i'fri'йч t i6Mй‘Ъй'Ьfr i\
Perennial in woodland of central Honshu. Culms loosely tufted, 40 60 cm tall, erect, 3h
5-noded. Leaf-blades 10-20 cm X 1-2.5 mm, flat, all longer than the sheaths, especially those
of the highest leaves 3-4 times as long as their sheaths; sheaths smooth; ligules low ani
obscure, barely seen by the naked eyes. Panicle pendulous, 15 cm long or so; branches 2-4 per
node, flexuose, rough, with loose spikelets on upper halves. Spikelets 3.5-4.5mm long, 2 k
4-flowered; glumes 3-4 mm long, 3-nerved, keeled on back. Lemmas 2.5 3.5 mm, 5-nerved
short-hairy on the lower halves of the midrib and marginal nerves; intermediate nerves fain;
and glabrous. Paleas as long as lemmas, with rough keels; anthers 2 mm long. Webbed hair;
on callus a few and short. Chromosome number 2n=70.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; c. Honshu). Widespread in Eurasian and N. American Continents,ami
many infraspecific taxa have been proposed. The above description based mainly on 1
Tateoka’s specimen 12353 (2n = 70)collected at Mt. Yalsugatake. REFER. Hubbard(193lj
175. Tateoka(1985d): 432-434. Tsvelev(1976, 84); 468.
188
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
189
VII). 8
HAKUSAN-ICHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jap,l
Poa hakusanensis Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss.: 709(1899); T. Tateoka, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98:426
(1985).
flHtfijZ, ft<? 40-70cm,
8-20cm, Iffi 3 - 6mm, ®|W'< 9
mfr.
Й$1тт£0. Д$8-15ст, 1 ЙЙГ 2 - 4 fe)
£ 5 - 7mm, 2-40, O6i
НИ ® Wt 1 - 3 Bit, A $ 2.5-3.7шт, 3 Bit 3.5-5 mm. IBU&W
£»!«, S<? 5mm, 5 Bit ФШО ТЭД i££О»(Й^ 0 Ki£l<)HiafcUfem*. Й|
rtl^JiOt^SK, йй-о^ЗзИг* < '>'7xi'. х ПН, йиД^О.8-
1.5шт 1?, ЖЙ®Л^8-1/3-Ш®Шта'5. 7c7cLffi|8M(1985)H, «18®!
Otit&i'K, 1/4.2-1/2 r7x6й\ 2n=70 X', $ОД$ЫЯ-©ОН
(7ЕМЯ) 7-8 Я. (5HJ) «iS, *Я1(ФЙГЛ). *T 7*ЖЖЯТ1Л1^Й111. ЖВкШ
ШЬИ£, 7Шт£Я4Й%.8Н, ФШК Й®Й
И4.о5^® 1/3 UT. >ЙШЧЙ^-®#7/7х<, W. d4tS«o^ii^7xi'7xi-o^^tb
ЛИП', 1 < Шс&8И У=Т 7 -t 7 -t toK^H-to^tcgS-r.
Perennial in alpine to subalpine regions, with short rhizomes. Culms erect, 40-70 cm tall
leaf-blades flat, 8-20 cm X3-6 mm, soft, smooth, light-green to yellowish-green, abruptly
narrowed to acute and rather hooded apex; sheaths smooth, rounded on back, the lower one
closed entirely. Panicle pendulous, 8-15 cm long; branches 2-4 per node, nearly smooth, with
a few spikelets at and near apex, mostly pendulous. Spikelets 5-7 mm, 2 to 4-flowered; glumes
unequal, 2.5-3.7 mm: 3.5-5 mm long. Lemmas 5 mm long, 5-nerved; basal parts of midrib anil
marginal nerves with dense, appressed hairs; intermediate nerves glabrous. T. Tateoka
(1985) reported that in specimens from Honshu the anthers 0.8-1.5 mm, 1/5-1/3 as long as
lemmas; while in specimens from Hokkaido they are longer, 1/4.2-1/2 as long as lemmas.
However all these specimens show no difference morphologically and ecologically, and their
chromosome numbers are consistent. And he says “Ohwi’s (1975) difinition should therefore
be partly amended.” Chromosome number 2n=70.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Hokkaido, c. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka
(1985d): 426-427.
190
АР: Apex of lai
POOIDEAE POEAE
Й . OfSIfctft VID. 1
191
4 У У
у -г у -е у -t
Ibuki-somosomo, Chishima-somosomoUsk
Роа radula Franch. et Savat., Enum. Pl. Jap. 2:174, 602(1879).----------------P. ibukiana Koidz.(192J
М4.О5Ш, (ШгЗОЧБОсш. ?
#!ft^lbXM$ 20-30cm, Ш5-10тш, ФЙ5Ц±*ХЖ
itmc, 3’P>O<. 1 - 3mm. РШ:О; ?
$ 20-30™, WM, 1К<1Ш'-С, 3W, UcTS-Tfc.
17cft^HU±iXd'«7/oZJ'ftl'. ФЙШйТ-, д$4-7тт, 3 - 8']ЧЕй'P> ft 0 , fekfi,
< £ # 9 , й$^ф.^'Н 2.5mm *>Х 3-3.5mm, щ'РЬШ<
<. j»tft$ 3.5-4.5nim, 5.K, Ф*1М#) £ »0 0 , ФММ-WW
Ий. -Kfth©>L-oii7i41(^^)(ftJ/ft< ХЙ<, Hfc'fcftt'. P>iWmS<, ®W$6<>.
0.5-lmm, »l/3ftUT, 5 (ft 1/6 Wt'ib 3. ^fe&lft 2n = 42.
(7EM01 6-8Л. (5HJ) «О, £)W»klIilW. TS, Ж9-.Р
ygwMtiia. (isi^o*'^) ^©g©5-b-c!Eiuj^tft(ft#Jt!2t-<ft^, ла©ФШ'йнхо<и
ten, + f'b^’LS-fit-n^.S’b-oh.t^^nftnfc^fti', ЕЙ?
WFK^-f.
,s ? -у- у 7 -л.....шнw-сш, №<ft'>ft < -c, /tj?(ftr < tnь, «здш
П £ £' ¥ $. 2n=70.
4 1* v -t у <-.................Т1п7^оФй//^-,х$,6о< cti'4v>. 'J'WiK^C J;
^ftTEffift*?, &(5,ft(ft 2n-42.
Large perennial in deciduous forests. Culms usually densely tufted, 30-150 cm tall;leal
blades flat, 20-30 cmX5-10 mm; sheaths compressed, keeled on back, closed from the base it
above the middle, often rough with retrorse spinules; ligules truncate, 1-3 mm tall. Panicle2(t
30 cm long, nodding to pendulous; branches semiverticillate, widely spreading, rough, bearing
spikelets on the upper halves. Spikelets compressed, 4-7 mm long, 3 to 8-flowered, green, oiler
tinged with dark brownish-violet. Glumes lanceolate, unequal, 2.5 mm: 3-3.5 mm long. Lem
mas 3.5 4.5 mm long, 5-nerved; midrib (keel) and marginal nerves pilose near their baa
lateral nerves thick and glabrous. Webbed hairs short and scanty. Anthers 0.5-1 mm mostly
about 1/6 as long as lemmas. Chromosome number 2n = 42.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu), Kurils, Sakhalin, Kamchatka
Ussurie. REFER. Clayton(1986); 101-102. Tateoka(1985d): 426. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 461.
192
TS: !Й ЭД № ttti 1Й j Transverse section of leaf-sheath. SP: tfeWlfti.E <n Spinules on leaf-sheati
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ <^зГУ^+'ЗШ-Т ^=ГУУ-4Й1
x 50 x hm
* таявши vi.и
193
Takane-tachi-ichigo-tsunagi [Jap
Роа glauca Vahl, Fl. Dan. 6 (17): 3, tab. 964 (1790); T. Tateoka, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98:43!
(1985).
cm, S 1mm U K. t Ъ ЫЛ |4 О. W-ЕОЖЯ 2 - 3 ft, i i t Г
ft£ 4-10cm, tai.5-2.5mm, Wit 9 , W? - F
^9, fc<^£'±ft^:b7c^-C^b*'EfllU WK, В±Я©Шйй'>Ш 9ftv-.
0.5-lmm. £ 3 - 7cm, ft<o£|±!L, ftiigiC, £ < Я 2 * i £K. 3 - 5 ФТ-ШФ L, ЖЙ4?:
lW«>m, £’6o<. 'J'WtftS 3 - 4mm, ЗЖ I
5 Я'&И-^Н 2-2.3mm i> Л tX 2.5-3mm ft «Ь’. 2.5-Зтт, 5ЫШ < ,
*), 5ЯЙ, WtiRifi'i Zx-^T, Ж^ФйЬЪФЛШ:<ЬШЙ±1-Я^^й'‘Ж1ФФ £йъ ФЛШс^Й
i/CWxt'. Ф7Ею^®кад=-Ё(4-оФ.Л:ЬА2^)й^£1'С2:й'^1'/А £ Ш
$ 1.2-2mm. 2n=42, 49, 56.
(7ЕМЙ) 6-8Л. (Ж) ЛЛ1ФЙКИ1*(ЙЖ£, Л»6, ЙЗТ^УxTW). М8ШМ1С1Ж
(isbto**?) ЖЛ^*Л1ФЖ©ЙШ'Ж^1®6К, Witt
£ 9, ft <ШШ 7c
^й'7£1'й>47сЯГ < Wtt', 17/v7xdtEZnibli.
(Effftft^ 10-15cm, £ ZA6^M4r £ f Y't =f- п у ± 4s' var. kitadakensis(Ohwi)Ohwi
i ©Wilkwm* t t>, ^®t^fe^lfc(2n-42-72)t^-C, SilWf
Woftrhtt c ttctrfa'Li'.
Perennal growing on gravelly soil in alpine regions of central Japan, with short rhizomes
Plants glaucous-green; culms densely tufted, erect from the very bases, 15-30 cm tall, undet
1 mm diam. Most leaves radical, a few on the culm; leaf-blades 4-10 cmXl.5-2.5 mm, linear,
abruptly acute and hooded at apices; sheaths often tinged with purple, rounded on bad
closed nearly all the length; ligules 0.5-1 mm long. Panicle well exserted, 3-7 cm long, erect
branches paired, sometimes 3-5 semiverticillate, short, erect to erect-patent, rough. Spikelets
3-4 mm long. 2 to 3 (.4)-flowered; glumes acute, 3-nerved, 2-2.3 mm: 2.5-3 mm long; lemma-
oblong, obtuse at apex, light-green, tinged with purple above, 5-nerved, keeled on back, pilose
on the keel and marginal nerves. Callus glabrous or with scanty, short webbed hairs. Anther?
1.2-2 mm long. Chromosome numberCTateoka in Japan) 2n= 42, 49, 56.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; c. Honshu). Widespread in northern circumpolar region. REFER
Clayton(1986): 101-102. Hubbard(1984): 179. Tateoka(1985d): 434.Tsvelev(1976, 84): 475.
194
АР: Apex of teat
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
Й.Ш«-А»ЁО(Й VU.20
хО. 85
195
ч ? jj 'У
MlYAMA-ICHIGO-TSUNAGI, TAKANE-lCHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jap.]
Роа malachantha Komar, var. shinanoana (Ohwi) Ohwi, Fl. Jap. rev. new. ed.: 1439(1975).
----P. shinanoana Ohwi (1933).
Й11|^1^М1ЯЯх.бФ®о^Жх, i^я£< oWt-S^x^L,
ift £ 10-25cm, ЙЗОЫМЯХШЗ. T-6 -C, ft 5 4 - 7cm, ♦§ 4 - 5шш. Ж^ЯЬ
Я' L Я'ЙОЙГ МА X -ft - b Э h ts. t) , г 2 - 4шш. РШТЫ?яд 5 5- 7cm, Й*. t tz ЯЪ'Г ZNC
1st, ЙЯ1Й5^2*!И6Г £Й^<, Ш, 1-6®Я£*0'М6й'»О<. ФВЯЙ 5 6 - 8mm, 2-
4 'J'7E^F>ft *), Ofetfcllbgfe. ^Я^Й'^Й'*), ЗЖ, ft £ Я 3 - 4mm & J: 4 - 5mm.
Wt', )ЁЯ^Я^< ft-oXiZ/9, ft £5-6mm. 5 Ж, ФДГ<£ ^*«»ЯЯТ^Й'6Ф®4 ХШ
й'Я^б. < ftl\ $ЯД5 1.5-2mm. ?Й&^Я 2n = 63, 75, 77, 84,
91 ft if.
(7ЕМЙ) 7-8 Л. (•Й'ТЮ ^фЭДоЖЩоМаЬ/’Л'Х*, A^ft, S7/^x, Gil|)m, Ш
9 < У® ЭДЯЛ * Й. (1ч)£о*'£') ФЙН^ОЙт^ЯЯ^^ < ft^ftft'lgX'. W'fi
< х 1 №ЯС' < 6,й?гЯХЧ ЯЯ'Й^^Я^й'-о < . £ ь
©&йЧ*», ЖЙ'ЯЙ 5 2 - 4тт, ^ЯД $ 5 - бтт, ЙЯД £ 1.5-2тш ft f©Л^Йй^АЯ®
^hft6. i £й>Й<). п <- ft г ft < ft у ft=t- forma
vivipara Ohwi i ХЯ*4г6(й Sv, INFv).
Small perennial growing on sunny soil in alpine regions, with ascending short rhizomes.
Culms 10-25 cm tall. Leaf-blades rather thick, soft, 4-7 cm X4-5 mm, often hooded at apices;
ligules 2-4 mm tall. Panicle 5-7 cm long, erect to inclined; branches mostly paired, smooth,
with 1-6 spikelets per branch. Spikelets 6 8 mm long, compressed, 2 to 4-flowered, whitish-
green to purplish; glumes 3-nerved, 3-4mm: 4-5 mm long, acute at apices. Lemmas ovate, 5-
6 mm, 5-nerved, pilose on the lower halves of midrib and marginal nerves. Webbed hairs on
callus short. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long. Chromosome number mostly 2n=63, 75, 77, 84, 91 etc.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; alpine regions of c. Honshu), n. Korea. REFER. Clayton(1986): 101-
102. Tateoka(1985d): 427. Ohwi(1933): 31, 36. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 453.
196
Sv. INFv; l)nftlT4r 4>О'1ЧЙ t (EfJ-O —31 Viviparous spikelet & Inflorescence. АР: *<О)Ый Apex of leaf.
POOIDEAE POEAE
x5
й:ШЖйШ& VII.24
197
'fy 7’ У t У t NANBu-soMosoMo[Jap/
Роа hayachinensis Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 31: 254 (1917) & 33: 204 (1919); T. Tateoka, l.c
98:427(1985).---P. yezoalpina Tatewaki et Kawano(1961).
ft2 30-60cm, 5
ft $ 10-20СШ, I|g 2 - 5тш, ¥!t, О?
<, ¥?t, ТФЯ?£ ШЙЙН, Ж$0.8-к
7-12(-15)cm, - 5 ffifS t
6. 'JWSt, ft £5-8mm. 2-4(£ £Г5)Ф?Е^Ь& 0, 1 - 3 о t,
i*> 0 , ft £ 4mm J: 5mm. O^tft $ 5-6.5mm, 56ЩЙ < ft < i *> 0 , 5 Жй'£> 5 Й»ФДОМ < Tg
<. Й$£±(С1Й
^(-C<4 5)й?йк iWig^J: mft£ 3mm. ?fefeW 2n = 42.
(7ЕМЙ) 7-8 Л. (5HJ) «1(Е1Й!1Ж ±1Slll), ФЖ¥Й*$Ш). 1914#^ФЖ¥Ш
Х'ФЖ«-д'^Я, IE«Lfc. (Ийл*'Г) fifiaWMuSot.
fc < |н|ЙХ'£ 6. d'Wift£ 5 -8mm, 4>1ВЙ%Я;й'<йкК
i//6. ^©ФВКЯГ<§§<. ФШ^^ШоТФЙВ^^^Ф.'^ЬН^й', ^11
Ztt’. icW4t5:
яШ&Н ФКЙзГ.Т, fcfcfflffIJg-, ЙЖШ±1Й>
f,^-/ • -v-z•/<-/*^ie®L-ci'6(i96i№ figMa>iK^ija-cti*i't-t5.
Perennial on gravelly soil along streams in northern alpine zone. Culms loosely tufted,30
60 cm tall, erect from bent bases, with short runners. Leaf-blades flat, 10-20 cmx2-5mm
smooth; sheaths rounded on back, smooth, closed from base to the middle or more; ligule
0.8-1 mm tall. Panicle 7-12(-15)cm long, nodding; branches solitary or paired, smooth, will
1-5 spikelets per branch. Spikelets large, 5-8 mm long, 2 to 4(5)-flowered; glumes lanceolate
acute, 4 mm: 5 mm long; lemmas 5 -6.5 mm long, abruptly acuminate at apex. 5-nerved, pilose
on the midrib and marginal nerves, and the intermediate nerves faint and short, glabrous,
barely seen even under handlens. Callus glabrous, without webbed hairs. Paleas slightly
shorter than lemmas. Anthers 3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=42.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hidaka Range, Mt. Yubari, Daisetsu Mts. in Hokkaido, Mt
Hayachine in n. Honshu). REFER. Tateoka(1985“) 1. c. 427. Kawano & Tatewaki(1961):33r
342. ±#©£(1982): 154.
198
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
£’ VU.25
199
# - А + 3" 'У 'У Зг 0NI-ICHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jaf'
Роа eminens С. Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1: 273(1830); Т. Tateoka, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 89: 434(1985
----P. kurilensis Hack.(1904).------Arclopoa eminens (C. Presl) Probat(1974).
flux М^ЦКЙЙ, &$40-10b,
ЖКЬЛ'С, ЙЖЙ< X-ti^4-5mmfC% 1U, ft£10-30cm, Ш 5-lOmm,
tffc&fe. ^ftLUIHft < £ Zn b , 1ШНЖ »'?> 1/4-1/3 1U±© <t - d t X'WCtl'S.
ffi c? 1 - 2mm, 1£< io-25cm, Их£, ШХ&*-Г'о¥Й!4Ь, lit
A/t’W, /J'WSW, 3-54'ft^b/x9, ft^7-9mm, Й-^W.
ft 5 5.5-7 (-8) mm -C, ,W £hi L Л £'|n)ft, ЗЯГ^Ьо. Ц^(Х5-7Ж,
фТхЙ-^й'^О, ЖЖЯг£ШШ4'/ШМ E£
tc 7xl'. Й1Й1Ш1Й £ hi £ A £'p]ft, ПОПО ВА•fCi-i®»7x'J'j|W^£> $ 2-2.51;
2n = 42.
(7ЕЯЯ) 5-7 Я. «0(^35 ?)ОЙЖ^. t-Г/, ТЙт, л л-> v у л ,
Й15. 9 -f 9---'-Йз. (|В)^ЛЛ'Г) fti’^TtOjti'bl - 2&о1?йч1й, -t®
±$J±g4-5mm tcWxS. 'J'WXftS 7 - 9mm <> Й 0 , L Й‘% < -> > i~ +'ЙЯЙЙЧС1Й
I'. WfiiOt^-t/ti'IsIft, TWo&aHWx-£VmSTW, №Шй>7х1\
Robust perennial growing on coastal sand and rocks. Culms erect from long, thick under-
ground runners, 40-100cm tall, soft and smooth, 4-5mm in diam. near the bases. Leaf-Marte
10-30 cmX5 10 mm, glaucous-green; sheaths closed over 1/41/3 of their length from bash
ligules thick, papery, 1-2 mm tall. Panicle 10-25 cm long; branches semiverticillate, nearly
smooth, dense with many large spikelets. Spikelets 3 to 5-flowered, 7-9 mm long, glaucous-
green. with equal glumes 5.5-7 mm long. Lemmas as long as glumes, 5 to 7-nerved, keeled nr
back, soft-hairy on the keel and marginal nerves, but not on intermediate nerves; paleas as
long as lemmas. Callus covered with short webbed hairs. Anthers 2-2.5 mm long. Chrow
some number 2n=42.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido), Kurils, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, N. America. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1985d): 434. Tsvelev(.1976, 84): 446-447.
200
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
xO. 82
8: JtOmi.frrtSW VI.21, H УП. 4
201
Hosobana-somosomo [Jap?
Poa macrocalyx Trautv. et Mey. var. tatewakiana (Ohwi) Ohwi, Fl. Japan: 120 (1953);T.
Tateoka, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 86: 213-228(1973); T. Tateoka, 1. c. 93: 221-235(1980); M. Ishimitsu
et T. Tateoka, 1. c. 96: 245-267(1983).-P. tatewakiana Ohwi(1941).
30-60cm, =ШЩй2.5-
4.5mm, S 2 - 3mm. НЙ1№*&Й*< < Sft, ft $ 10cm ЙЯ-,
ft^ 6.5-7.5mrn, 3 - 7 Ф7Ей> b, ^bi^bSIWft, ftSti<M6o 0.7^< e>l\
ЖЬ'ЗЖ^о-Г, tcg-rSo »i(4-)5-6mm, 5«К*Ь,
ФЖ±^%4ЬХ'Ь^®^й^?>о SStiftS 1.8-2.3mm. &&<Ш2п = 42.
(TEW)) 7-8Я. (>'—b) ЖЙ© P. macrocalyx
ЖМШ<, IttfiW,
S# • fiwtl:Ъ i,
var. fallax (Hack.) Ohwi й»4Ь^К., * У у -t v -t var. tatewakiana (Ohwi) Ohwi й»ЖЖЖК-, 1
у у у var. scabriflora (Hack.) Ohwi й^ЖЙ^К-ЖФ, V'S.
sttitw»-, ^ао^й^Ой
«Eft LtJES^t,7c%©^±0 35. ЗШ
<D 5 у а-)-у* у %©ФЛ113-7 Ф» 2 - 4 ФТЁ) й> Ь & о <, % о i <К
Ж<ё4г?>ОТ?, •Й^ЙаОгС-Фф < , N. N. Tsvelev Ltffit', Р. tatewakiana
V'tV'£. /£& Tsvelev (1976, 84)ti, var. macrocalyx OlE^T т’^^й» u = v / ? - b*fc$
Ь, i, ±O-lf у •=& У •=& var. scabriflora=P. scabriflora Hack.(1907)bi
МММ. [0Ш1Ш
7 b T 7-Л t'© В P.macrocalyx complex(W)©^^£^;tfc&5
Ъ4г?>.
Perennial in seaside of Hokkaido. Culms 30-60 cm tall, with long rhizomes, often stolonifer-
ous. Leaf-blades 2.5-4.5 mm wide; ligules 2-3 mm tall. Panicle nodding; branches 2-3 per node
rather rough or glabrous. Spikelets glaucous-green, 6.5-10.5 mm long, 3 to 7-flowered; glumes
subequal, about 0.7 times as long as spikelet, 3-nerved; lateral nerves thick, 0.7-0.8 times the
length of glumes. Lemmas (4-) 5-6 mm, 5-nerved, densely pilose on midnerve and marginal
nerves. Webbed hairs on callus long and distinct. Anthers 1.8-2.3 mm long. Chromosome
number mostly 2n=42.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido), Kurils. NOTE Ishimitsu & Tateoka (1983) reported that P.
macrcalyx complex of Hokkaido are separable into 3 agamic complex, based on their
cytological and morphological study. These 3 groups are isolated geographically, and they
are referred to the following 3 varieties: var. fallax. (Hack.) Ohwi centered in n. coast, var.
tatewakiana (Ohwi) Ohwi in s.e. coast, var. scabriflora (Hack.) Ohwi in s.w. coast. They say
Ohwi’s definition for these varieties in his “ Flora of Japan ” must be amended. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 101-102. Tateoka(1980): 221-225. Ishimitsu & Tateoka: 245-267. Ohwi(1965):
164. Tsvelev(1984): 454.
202
203
д Я пЧ
MuKAGO-ICHIGO-TSUNAGl[Jap.] BULBOUS MEADOW-GRASS[Eng.] BULBOUS BLUEGRASS [Am.]
Poa bulbosa L. var. vivipara Koel., Descr. Gram.: 189 (1802).-P. bulbosa subsp. vivipara
(Koel.) Arcang(1882).--P. desertorum Trin.(1836).
Poa bulbosa ti з - p Ж < -tosS bulbosa Ж,
5 cd£ t tz Ч, ТЕ'ЖйТЕЯС.* < var. vivipara
я-n 5 'f% &£й\ M
&feW2n=28,
42.
(Ж) з-ру'<£±, T5>T^©+®JUftKJK< 5>^5. М/т151Ч'Л (У-Н«
tJ: Ъ ivar. bulbosa oMfflt, + + Ф 7 * 9 t'5 (g|O T' KiSfc*)©»
Йгй^х. Ыг< И Ъ ( Г^Л1ЙШШ1988).
A very peculiar perennial recently introduced in Japan, and becoming to weedy plants in
urbane areas here and there. This plant is characterized by erect culms from bulbously
thickened bases and proliferous panicles. The young shoots on the panicles have purplish
bulbs at their bases. Such proliferous Poa are not rare in alpine regions such as P. alpimm
L. in Europe and P. shinanoana Ohwi (p. 196)in Japan. However, among lowland plants this
may be the only one species. Chromosome number 2n=28, 42.
DISTR. Native to Eurasian Continent and naturalized in N. America. REFER. Clayton
(1986):101. Hubbard(1980): 169. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 449. Edit. Tutin(1980): 165. WBUS-'M
^ф(1988): 46.
T: Жй:9!4,оН’£|Л''Ь1й’$ A poor plant with non-proliferous panicles.
YS: Young shoot with 2 leans.
204
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
й: ffi IV.23, Т': Mlilfli V. 4
205
KAMOGAYA[Jap.] Cocksfoot [Eng.] Orchard-grassCAui.]
Dactylis glomerata L., Sp. Pl.: 71(1753).-Bromus glomeratus (L.) Scop.(1772).-Festuca
glomerata (L.) All.(1785). Limnites glomerata (L.) Eaton(1817).
L"CJK < Жх. Ь4г, Ж^30-120ст,
3-5ЙИШ. ft? 10-30cm, Ш 4-13mm, tК<),
5-10mm
< KLft<, L if L if 10cm u_h£. % & D, 1K < ЭДИТ,
GftD&iMttii. ftS5-9mm,
3-6Ф7Е1 'Sm’FlWzft, 3-4mm,
5 - 6mm, 1-ЗЖ t), ^@tif5№
Ъ, ^JfcK^^-C&bkts:1), 1.5л>т
Ъ-Гй‘1С®1,>. ^«ЯгЗ-4тт, Lfcg^ i
fc. 3fefeftli2n=28.
(TEW 7-8 Я. (Ж) 8*£±tc«Ht.
Ъ. 9 4 t/Mtfeif-TV-r- (|S|^0>*' £*) ЯТЕвцЯ—й^ V’ 3 ^fC-ЙД^й», 9 -v- 3
ififrtd o-C-o< . (y-H л * 1 Ж 1 a, 5Hid;jK<, ^йГЙ-tS £ t й‘Ь®8в
ЖЧ1ЖЖ*, N. N. Tsvelev(1976, 84)if У TcktX* 8 L< V' S>. W. D. Clayton
(1986) ilife^igife^ic tit < ГН%Я««г
sBt. **7 7 у (^ *->-)<!: ЗЕ л,-c, 0^-etit-,
Introduced perennial as fodders and often naturalized covering large areas in lowland and
montane regions. Culms tufted, erect, 30-120 cm tall, 3 to 5-noded. Leaf-blades flat, 10-30 cmx
4-13 mm; sheaths slightly compressed and keeled on back; ligules membranous, 5-10 mm tall
and conspicuous. Panicle with solitary branch per node; the branches very divergent, with
clustered spikelets at and near apex; the lowest branch particularly longer than the others,
and its lower 2/3 or so quite bare. Spikelets compressed, 3 to 6-flowered, disarticulating above
glumes. Glumes persistent, unequal, the lower 3-4 mm, the upper 5-6 mm, strongly keeled on
back; keels ciliate or rough. Lemmas 5-nerved, keeled along the midrib, and with a short awn
at apex. Paleas slightly shorter than the lemma. Anthers 3-4 mm long. Grains slightly
enclosed by hard lemma and palea. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DI STR. Widespread all over the non-tropical regions of the world. Type locality Denmark.
Common in Japan, too. REFER. Clayton(1986): 102. Edit. Tutin(1980): 171. Hubbard(1984):
215. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 514-517.
206
TS: 1 Transverse section of leaf-sheath and culm.
POOIDEAE РОЕАЕ
Ш:Ш1ШФеЮ%2ЕВТ VI.15
x7
207
л у * U 7'^ i / тз" / Mutsuoregusa, MiNOGOME[Jap.] Mannagrass [Am.]
Glyceria acutiflora Torr., Fl. North & Mid. U. S. 1:104(18'23).-G. acutiflora subsp. japonia
(Steud.) T. Koyama et Kawano(1964).-Hemibromus japonicus Steud.(1854).-G. japim-
ica (Steud.) Miq.(1867).
70ст1ХШ
W*. 10-30cm, 43 3 - 6mm, t<L A,
3- 5mm, @fc'o. fc&D,
Я^Ю-ЗОсш, t Ж
Sfe, 25-50mm, 8-15«t'O'h7E*‘EL<3t^. Ш1Ш, 2mm, »
®ti4-5mm. 7-llmm 7№K^*b, ЯШШ£¥?тС, ft Ъ £ i Й
ЬЛ<, &ЙО2Й
K-to-CW-hftb, %#±^©&1'Ж(Мг)Л?2>*. fcL-<ti3®, 1-1.2mm,
3 - 4mm, &feW2n = 20.
(7ЕЯЯ1 5-6Л. (Ж) ИЯ, ЛЛН, 5Ш. ФВ, 9 Л /gjfiti?9 M®
- л - з - 9 да>. (BW' £'] 7Xao®ttet tf'C/KTrUxL, ИО©ФЙ1й*Ф^'-.М®№
i 51с<*.Л.££(ШД'С*, 11 9 ty + fl’-r J
#A,Ol$*:i'K7£ffli mt i»ci Ъ. O-Ю 'billet-MW-(1964)fri, subsp. acuti-
flora И4ЬЖЙ<', 7 subsp. japonica t LtlK^iJL, 7 г>7^‘С(Х^:^й»ФФФ§ <, ЙИ
S< (Д$ 0.8-0.9mm : ±ЖЖ 1-5-1.8mm), < (AS 3 - 4mm : И 5 - 7mm), 'J<tW‘lK < (2.5-3
mm: Я 2-2.5mm), (2n = 20 : ra40)fc£O]£V'££>tf ЧЛ'*. Ъ9й5й'1Н)1?$
ЪЫз\ % 5 Ь^Ь<±Я-Л=ЙРОЯ^©4^ГЬ-С^<.
Perennial growing in moist places or in shallow water. Culms to 70 cm long or more, erect
from a long creeping base. Leaf-blades flat, 10-30 cm X 3-6 mm; soft and nearly smooth, rather
abruptly narrowed at apex; sheaths closed; ligules conspicuous, 3-5 mm tall, longer than
width. Panicle linear, partly enclosed in the uppermost sheath, with 5-20 long-pediceled
spikelets appressed to the axis. Spikelets pale-green, 25-50 mm long, terete; 8 to 15 florets
regularly distichous on rachilla. Glumes unequal 1-nerved, membranous; the lower 2 mm; the
upper 4-5 mm long. Lemmas lanceolate, acute, 7-11 mm long, with 7 nerves almost parallel
and not convergent above. Paleas slightly longer than lemmas, with narrowly winged keels,
with minute 2 teeth at apex. Anthers 1-1.2 mm long. Disarticulating above glumes and
between florets. Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, China, N. America.
REFER. Key to Glyceria. spp.... Ohwi(1956): 165. Koyama(1987): 109-110. Koyama & Ka-
wano(1964): 868-869.
208
G, +G2: ffl-hK.Sto fc 2 Persistent glumes on pedicel
POOIDEAE MELICEAE -f
xO. 8
£: V. 6
209
HlME-UKlGAYA[Jap.]
Glyceria depauperata Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 45:381 (1931).-------G. leptorhiza of Japanese
authors, not (Maxim.) Komar.
<£3-9cm, tg2-4n>m, £ Л, ifY-ltT?, 2 2-5шш. РЖВД1Д£ 10-25cm. ftttfii
15. d'ffiit+Wtcj; 0^1', 7-171й^го/КЕй'Ь^^Х, 10-25nnn, йШ&, PJStt.
®ЙВД, K^fi^n^nininifeXt/2mnift^. ^<12.5 3.5шт-е,
ш, 7iwift, w^o±^»2/3
Ji £Т£(Х||©О/ДЛ'^(О'гОй'ЗёЖ Т^У 1/3 JCUSZ^fcV \ § Ш£ 0.6mm. £ й' 4*5.5та
& 4> ’i'=^Л'Т var. infirma(Ohwi)Ohwi i L < IK5JIJ £ К 6. 2n = 20.
(7ЕД0) 5-7Я. (Я-Hi) »Ж, ТЙп ФВДЬЖ. * T&W&tElfh. (1^0^)^^
йй'&!17 + ^Чр. 634)^£ >),
д у^к^нл...'MSUftS 25-50ПИП, l*]WI$gU О1й>о£ТН L, <'hJ-.oW£
fttifofc 0 £ 1-1.2шт.
ЬУ9+^(7*^и<М)....................10-25тт, i JSti’Hft, it-H±OW±
ЙВ 2/3 -ск < КЦА'< frh, 2^rtM-i/tS. Й(ХЖ£Д£ О.бтш.
О—Н С’ + Л'Т, t х г> + Л’-У L % К.7 >> Т^ИЬЖпВК.Я'ФФй, G. leptorhiza ilRlffii/cli
G. leptorhiza HF*l!KtCg?^Zx < , N. N. Tsvelev(1976)!i®i7)^Zx2) 4©
t LXl'SC t 5.
Perennal growing in or along marsh of lowland. More gracile than G. aculiflora, but with
longer internodes, and upper nodes and leaves usually floating on the water surface. Leaf-
blades 3-9 cm x 2-4 mm. with nearly smooth leaf-sheath and ligules 2-5 mm tall. Panicle 10-
25 cm long, raceme-like with loose and appressed spikelets. Spikelets 7 to 17-flowered, 10-25
mm long, nearly terete; glumes hyalin, with 1 short-nerved, 1 mm: 2 mm long. Lemmas 2.5-3.5
mm long, with 7 nerves nearly parallel and not convergent above. Paleas as long as lemmas,
not exserted, with broad wings on the upper 2/3 of the keels. Anthers ca. 0.6 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (.Hokkaido, Honshu), Kurils, n. China. NOTE Var. infirma, endemic to Japan,
differs by its slightly larger size and larger lemma 4-5.5 mm long. REFER. Clayton(1986): 112-
113. Tsvelev(1976,84):544.
210
POOIDEAE MELICEAE
xO. 9
VI.23
211
ti "7 b Е У а # 'У 'f* Зг KAKAFUTO-DOZYOH-TSUNAGl[Jap.]
Glyceria lithuanica (Gorski) Gorski, Icon. Bot. Char. Cyper. Gram. Lith.: tab. 20 (1849);
Lindem., Bot. Jahrb. 44: 45(1909).-Poa lithuanica Gorski(1830).
й£70-110ст. Щ1Й5Ф<, ft £20-30
cm, Й 5 - 8mm, ЙШ&, ±lffiLt£’Go£,
£ 2 - 3tntn. ПЙО-И-ЙНТ/р 0 , ft £ 15-25cm, &tt 2 - 5
ft£4-7oun, 3 -6 'bTEZhGfr 0, -S»o 6. ШВЙ
ЙВД-С, WllfcW, ft§H^h.%*ni-1.2nnn^XtX1.3-1.5mmX-, ®TOtOft£©
i/3$fctti/2й£з-з.5оип, t
Wl< mtibiil'. bb-rSteffi<, 2®#/^'),
j^t±ft£ 0.5-0.6mm. ^tfd'/ЕГ t ktZ-l&t.
Я 2n = 20.
(7ЕЯЗ) 7 - 8 Я. (ЯШ) Jt№ ФЖ4Ь • ФЖ>. $Ж ФЙь Я- У >, ФЯ, ^У7, э - р
ЖФЙВ-ЖЙВ). ИУЙ»-'!!!
4 Ф^-С, ?E/?H^.£^£tSH. ФШЙЯ'КЕтУ, аОЮ 7№Gil4^o-tg$H,
l/3(-ti?i'-fi' l/2)iUTfeGrt, ^<<7)$ФЖ1:
^УГЙКй’<» GfifitX* ft® i -v -? К •> 3 7 7 -лф'И^й'Д J 2-2.5mm : 2.5-Звт Ki$
Stoloniferous perennial growing on moist soil in subalpine or subarctic forests. Culms
tufted, 70-110 cm tall. Leaf-blades thin and flat, 20-30 cm X5-8 mm, with nerves connected by
cross-veinlets; sheaths terete, closed except the uppermost part; ligules truncate, 2-3 mm tall.
Panicle nodding, 15-25 cm long; branches filiform and rough, 2-5 clustered per node. Spikelets
4-7 mm long, 3 to 6-flowered, green to blackish-violet; glumes membranous-hyalin, faintly
1-nerved, the lower 1 mm long, the upper 1.3-1.5 mm long. Lemmas oblong, papery, 3-3.5 mm
long, rounded on back, 7-nerved; nerves thick and prominent, nearly parallel, not converging
above. Paleas nearly as long as lemmas; keels slightly arcuate, wingless. Anthers 0.5 0.6 mm
long. Disarticulating above glumes and between florets. Chromosome number 2n=20.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu), Korea, Kurils, Sakhalin, n. China,
Siberia, c. to e. Europe. REFER. Clayton(1986): 112-113. Tsvelev(1976,84): 541. Key to
Glyceria spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 165. Koyama(1987): 109-110.
212
G, I G2: № 2 MwQ® Persistent glumes on pedicel. MA: Margin of leaf.
POOIDEAE MELICEAE
#:^»Д±«»ЯЯ5Д«« УШ. 12
213
* b">? a
MlYAMA-DOZYOH-TSUNAGl[Jap.:
Glyceria alnasteretum Komar., Feddes Repert. 13: 87(1914).-G. remota (Forselles) Fries
var. japonica Hack.(1899).-G. arundinacea of Japanese authors, not Kunth.
W4, £>*><, WLfcW'bM iW^50-lW
cm. штдз 10-30cm, 3 - 7mm, t <), й« *) t t h
Ъ. 2 - 3mm. ГСОЯШ 10-20cm, 2 i t C 3 ^©15
HT, ft^4-7mm, (4)5 - 7 <Ь7Ей‘Ь&*), t о -C, fct/Li’Sffi L*l\ £
Ш, 2-2.5mm, Ж-'ЙЖЯ 2.5-3mm, ^Н^'ПЙТ^ОД $ О 1/2-2/Зй
i*o<$i/£S(* 7 7 ь К-;>3*7:гт©ЬШ1'ИШ. 55.
ШЯ, Д2 3.5-4т, 7о-£№ЖВ LT § Ко. Я: t А, 2: ИД, 2 W'&
*), £#йЦ£< ЗШД£ 0.8-lmin. &feftti2n=
20.
(7EM0J 7-8Я. (tBO ^Hdt-ФЖ). ФЯЛ ФЙ, *'47, * а *- + •> * (* 47|
life). (1ё1^л*'^ Ж^Ш^#фо^й9Лс-< ^0 7ВЯ*^< 77 ь Г>з$
•>±*'2:#®. TtZcW^J: t) Д<, 2-2.5mm : 2.5-Зшш Kl&L, Й*;Ь-Гй4С±£ 1'О-СЛ#НЪМ.
^o^7Ej?n-i|gKL-rotiii'6-c, frso-c, ЖсЧ
Й^Й‘О<.
Perennial growing in the coniferous forests in subalpine regions. Culms soft, erect, 50-IN
cm tall. Leaf-blades 10-30 cm X 3-7 mm, thin and soft, nearly smooth, nerves connected by a
few cross-veinlets; sheaths smooth, closed, terete; ligules 2-3 mm tall. Panicle nodding, 10-20
cm long; branches usually paired, nearly smooth, with loose spikelets beyond the middle.
Spikelets light-green, tinged with violet near apex, compressed, 4-7 mm long, (4) 5 to
7-flowered. Glumes hyalin, 1-nerved; the lower 2-2.5 mm long, the upper 2.5-3 mm long (the
most important key from the preceding). Lemmas chartaceous, 3.5-4 mm, with 7 thick, nearly
parallel prominent nerves. Anthers 0.8-1 mm. Disarticulating above glumes and between
florets. Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu), Korea, n. China, Kurils, Sakhalin, Kamchatka.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 112-113. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 819.
214
АР:Й<ОЯЙ Apex of leal
POOIDEAE MELICEAE
¥11.24, №£(№80 ¥П.23
215
t н а # 'У HlROIIA-NO-DOZYOH-TSUNAGl[Jap.j
Glyceria leptolepis Ohwi, Bot, Mag. Tokyo 45:381(1931).-G. ussuriensis Kom.(1934).
ft? 20cm
t, Шйк 90-180cm, Wei*, SWS3.5-10mm10-37СШ, ®
3.5- 14mm, **H<, Й <,
M-=g, TOimTft£©4'№;iboX;*f>o£, urn
O.3-1.3mm-C0^o^tC< l>. РЖ/ШН
ФФ1Й, ЙШ‘оХ, ft? 15-25crn, Mem, Ш£Й53-5Ж< ?et'h$W
tt, ft? 6-8mm, 5-7Ф7Ей>ЬйоХФФ^¥, й
^i^lslft, 5-П'ВШ-С1Ш, ^-'S^H-ft? 1.5mm, Й1Г&Й
Uft? 2mm-C^O 1/2. KWftS 4mm, WSMl' 7LT, Hfi'TfjL,
»)Ь-Гй4С®<, 2<fl-^£>£. mftS 0.5mm. ДЦИД
? 1.3mm, &fefttl2n=20.
(7ЕЯП 7-8 Я. (Ж) «Ж, *Я ЕЗЯ, Л^Н. ФЯЛ 7М-, У v, ^Ж(?).
*4 УШШЙГРВ(гаиЖ)ЙЕВ£Г. ЗУШЙ5т »)ft<X^W.
?tl-Cftt'^BB^ffS. i ^£'Й>Й? 1mm JUT-C*VXV'
< ₽>V'. ^1ЖЙЬТЖ1-&₽>ЙА'.
ЖЙШЗКЖЖЗтЖЖС, «ШШй, 7Е/?ОЙ^±Н6-С, 2-3mm №
Х'ШЬЬЬ.
Perennial growing on wet soil under the forests or along streams, with creeping rhizomes
attaining 20 cm long. Culms all erect, solitary, not tufted, 90-180 cm tall, 3.5-10 mm in diam.
near base. Leaf-blades flat, rather thick, 10-37 cm x 3.5-14 mm, rough on both surfaces,
whitish-green beneath. Sheaths longer than internodes, cylindrical and closed, glabrous,
longitudinal nerves prominent and connected by short veinlets here and there. Ligules only
0.3-1.3 mm tall, often barely seen. Panicle large, with divergent branches, 15-25 cmX12cm;
branches semiverticillate, 3-5 per node, with several branchlets bearing rather loose spikelets.
Spikelets short-pediceled, 6-8 mm long, 5 to 7-flowered, compressed, yellowish-brown to
dark-brown at maturity, falling entire. Glumes thinly membranaceous, 1-nerved; the lower 1.5
mm, and the upper 2 mm, ca. 1/2 length of the lowest lemma. Lemmas 4 mm long, with 7
prominent nerves nearly parallel and not convergent above. Paleas slightly shorter than
lemmas. Anthers 0.5 mm long. Grains 1.3 mm, dark-brown at maturity. Chromosome number
2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, n. China, Ussu-
rie, Sakhalin, Taiwan? REFER. Clayton(1986): 112-113. Tsvelev (1976, 84): 542.
216
POOIDEAE MEL1CEAE J
#: УШ.31
217
К а Ъ У't' DoZYOH-TSUNAGl[Jap.]
Glyceria ischyroneura Steud., Synop. Pl. Gram.: 427(1855).-G. tonglensis (vix Clarke)
Hack.(1899).
ЖЕ, М, l-2.5mm -С,
50-120cm. $ 20-60cm, Щ 3 - 7mm, Ц«11И C t5сЮ <tft<),
ЯS 0.6-1.2mm. FWE/ftiftS 15-40cm-CftH«t,
*S4-7mm, 3-7ФТЕ1 >)№. SgltgV> jgBBlKg,
mftSlmrn, ^gttl.5n. 2.2-2.5mm, 7UlRfctt>, 1ЙШ
<> шдшьхт, гъ^<. FWmam г^йо-сж-й-г^, ши-иякз
'ЖМЗГ, fcl^li3fi, ЙШ
0.6mm. /KEti/bWX-t i UlfifotOS'b, 1Й±СШК©&^^-Г.
2n=40.
(7ЕД0) 5-7Я. Ml itfeit, #jW, ИЯ, ЛЛН, ЙЕЖ ШЙШ, М/ШВ1.
гКЖЬки*., zbWi»1Bod'7E*‘GZt^x, ^goWtlFK, 7mo*v«iK
ДШ, XV'. Ф7ЕйЧ'2<, ДЗ 2.5mtlTT,
ждакж йй-ts t©tRoattx-cx i'. iei'iimritfr<, а>опш©йШ&
о7сй', »и>'й<&-9-C, СгС6{Ы'11|#ф0^Й<'Ш^5 С ЫзЧЛ'. 'K»ofc
ОЪ1Й_ЬГ0^, jKSX'^O-aiKtetflEjg-r^tXV'. В*£!Шо7с Ki> 3
ЯН О fc ЪЙ' L К. X Ъ i v >Ыг Ъ.
Medium-sized perennial growing in moist place in lowland. Culms loosely tufted, 50-120 cm
tall. Leaf-blades flat, 20-60 cm X 3-7 mm; sheaths closed and terete, nearly smooth; ligules
truncate, 0.6-1.2 mm tall. Panicle inclined at apex; branches loose, 1-3 per node, with several
to 14 spikelets usually on the upper parts. Spikelets short-pediceled and usually appressed to
branches, grayish-green, sometimes tinged with violet, 4-7 mm long, 3 to 7-flowered. Glumes
membranous-hyalin, 1-nerved: the lower 1 mm and the upper 1.5 mm long. Lemmas 2.2-2.5
mm long, ovate, rounded on back, 7-nerved, nerves nearly parallel, not converging above,
prominent and very rough on back. Paleas as long as lemmas, with conspicuously arcuate
keels. Rachilla flexuous. Anthers 0.6 mm long. Disarticulating above glumes and between
florets. Chromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), s. Korea, a
Kurils. REFER. Clayton(1986): 112-113. Tsvelev(1976,84): 543. Key to Glyceria spp. ...Ohwi
(1965): 165. Koyama(1987): 109-110.
218
SP: ЖЖЯ’ЙО'ЬЙЯ Spinules on the back of lemma.
POOIDEAE MELICEAE -f SHYA
Я:ет®:Мт?ДЙии VI.15
219
3
Melica nutans L., Sp. Pl.: 66(1753).
KoMEGAYA[Jap.] Nodding MELiCK[Eng.j
х, йй, йз
20-50СШ, ft $ 5- 15cm, Ш 2 - 5mm, Ш
ШКЙ, i®$lmm^«. ttft $ 8-15cm,
UfUiW7E#o.t /J'Wift? 6-8mm,
SgfeniRi'^D, >), ^£7£'J<ftti2(thX3)®
x, ±^Ki^Lfc/h7El-2ffl^-o<. SfttRgtMSS, tW, M-'этзж ft£3-4
mm, М-&1Ш5М, 5-6mm. ££&Ф7Е11Ж^Г|1¥, < Х¥Й i ft t), ТВДО&ШЧ
*>, W3<, ftWi^imf|g|®|B|ft, 2Jfc*omW, ®<1ЖЙМ?>. $tift£2
mm fit*. ig{L/b7EH^W^t»^t7£o?c^H(|gl F3,F4)O^fcig{L, ^£&'Ь7Е<0|Жй> < hx.
ттк< v\ t ьшт
SfefeftH 2n=18.
(7EM01 8-9Л. (^) «й, ЖМ, Ий, ЛМ. «ВЯ ФВ, -У-У >, >-<9 7, Ф*7
i>7, 3-p ,,<(н УШЁЖЖф-Г*. (1й)£<л*'£0 5-ri^KtiftiR**‘<M, ^42ФШ
0*«ед©х 5fc'N®O^<fc?>.
Gracile perennial in deciduous forests, with short rhizomes covered with thin scales. Culms
slender, loosely tufted, erect, 20-50 cm tall. Leaf-blades soft, flat, 5-15 cm X 2-5 mm; sheaths
closed, 4-ridged; ligules under 1 mm tall. Panicle 8-15 cm long, with several to 15 spikelets,
often raceme-like. Spikelets 6-8 mm long, usually nodding, pale-green, sometimes tinged with
purplish, composed of 2 (rarely 3) perfect florets and 2 rudiments. Lemma of perfect florets
coriaceous, rounded on back, faintly several-nerved. Paleas as long as lemmas, coriaceous,
2-keeled, embraced by lemmas. Anthers 2 mm long. The upper 2 florets reduced to small,
flabellate lemmas. Spikelets falling down entirely. Chromosome number 2n=18.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widespread in northern half of
Eurasian Continent. REFER. Clayton(1986): 113-114. R. & A. Fitter(1984): 66. Hubbard(1980):
223.
220
3F: 2tSOJc^'MEi ItBO'FSE^t'J'JE 3 florets (2 perfect ones and 1 rudiment).
POOIDEAE MELICEAE
ГЖШИ V.23. Л-А|имб#шдаг VII.20
221
MlCHI-SHIBA, HANABIGAYA[Jap.]
Melica onoei Franch. et Savat., Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 603(1879).
Я г 90-150СШ, +Й1@©ЙЮ
^-э-с, St^ofti'StlgKifeiebh., im&i&hfcj; 5tn»:
дгхб-зост, ffi4-iomn), twwt,
i’fi % ЙЙИ1 0Д< Шть и*и*ТЙ£оИРёй‘±гё е>1иШ. 0.2-0.51В.
нйте/гадг2о-4Осш, фйпйк, Ш'ЯК.
Г< ttf ФЙ^'Ш'^оХШкШг, Д£6-9ш, 3-5/J<*>₽>ft>), 1Й
о % otiigJM'TEi ft S. M-SSttRKSBtl$ Зшш, igfeo 1 0, $ 4 - 5®,
Ю1&ЙЖ
Д 2 4-6mm, iWfe, 7-9M^<L^. WS<, 2m<#£ft*.
SoL-<H3ffl, Ж1г Imm^D. 'hJEC-’i lefts. &fe&tX2n=18.
(JEMS) 8-9 Л. M) *ЖЮВ), ИЯ, ЛЯ ЖВ», ФИ. 9 Л УЙШ 13Ж. (Е£<т)
WO'W 3 - 5 ФТЕ^ЬЛ 0, £К1О < gWXftiVcft&ft-C, йМШ
o^fti\ ^ОЙЖЙ< tc£< og^MKt I), X 5Ф£Ю>»М£, Ш
ft< Х&|в)й-'Сс?2>. Й5О^>< W.D.Clayton (1986) О Bromelica
Perennial in deciduous forests. Culms erect, 90-150 cm tall, not branched, many basal nods
seem like connected beads covered with scaly sheaths (fig. T). Leaf-blades flat, stiff, 15-$
cm X 4-10 mm; sheaths entirely closed, often rough with retrorse hairs; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm tall.
Panicle 20-40 cm long; branches divergent, with many scattered spikelets. Spikelets
pediceled, nodding, lanceolate, 6-9 mm long, 3 to 5-flowered including the upper rudiments.
Glumes membranous-hyalin; the lower 3 mm long, 1-nerved; the upper 4-5 mm long, with a
long midnerve and 2 or 4 lateral nerves. Lemmas 4-6 mm long, light-green, 7 to 9-nerved.
Paleas slightly shorter than lemmas, 2-keeled. Stamens 3; anthers 1 mm or more. Disarticulat-
ing above glumes and between florets. Chromosome number 2n = 18.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 113-114.
222
POOIDEAE MELICEAE -Г
g: III WHIM IX. 2
223
? + h. FoHRIGAYA, MlYAMA-CHAHIKl[Jap.]
Schizachne purpurascens (Torr.) Swallen subsp. callosa (Turcz.) T. Koyama et Kawano,
Can. Journ. Bot. 42: 862(1964).-Avena callosa Turcz. ex Griseb.(1853).-S. fauriei Hack.
(1909).-Melica callosa (Turcz.) Ohwi(1931).-S. callosa (Turcz.) Ohwi(1933).
1mm, «$40-
70cm. 10-25cm, ta 1 - 2mm, 5 Ж-=ё t $ 1 - 2mn. I
/¥ttS$5-8cm, £ЯЙ< &g|51ffi,
Д$$тт^Е>2ст, fc-f $ ll-15min, 3 - 5 Ъ ?£ *) , 06
ifclWBfeW, ИтйШи.
OWK < IgJU £f Ь , WUPK, 3 - 4mm, 1 tfcH3Jli(, 6-8гошТ'3
tfctt57-llmm, 5®l' 7 -
1-1.2f£. ОМЬ
£l'2M^£>o-CW£ftb, &fefctX2n=20,
(TEW 6-7 Л. (»Ф) «й, Ж:Ж(ФЖШ. М7Ш
(1й)£<7>*'£) 1Ш1ЙЬ-Г'ЙЧС1 -2mm, <b»i£o5
RSLi‘Oi>f, ^¥-CT£<, ft;* ll-15mm U-Л, Й*С7с$Ж©е^2>Ы£,
c\ $Е>^11^Я7-9*о№(й^Ь,
B*£tXW£^*^U.Faurieo£fcgS£Lfc%O. (7-H ttKIU < frtWS© S. purpur-
ascens ^#>0, SI© S. callosa W.D.Clayton К
ftl', PWi
Perennial growing in subalpine coniferous forest. Culms erect, 40-70 cm tall, slender, 1 mm
in diam. near base, with long, creeping rhizomes. Leaf-blades 10-25 cm X1-2 mm, thin and
soft, usually glabrous; sheaths closed; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle 5-8 cm long, raceme-like,
with 4-10 spikelets. Spikelets terete, 11-15 mm long, 3 to 5-flowered, purplish to tawny;
pedicels 5-20 mm long. Glumes membranous, unequal: the lower 3-4 mm long, 1 or 3-nerved,
the upper 6-8 mm long, 3 or 5-nerved. Lemmas 7-11 mm long, 7 to 9-nerved, rounded on back,
shallowly bifid at apex, and awned between the teeth; awn straight, 1-1.2 times as long as
lemma. Paleas distinctly shorter than lemmas, with 2 thick nerves, ciliate on upper halves of
keels. Callus bearded. Disarticulating above glumes and between florets. Chromosome num-
ber 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu), Korea, Sakhalin, Kurils, Ussurie,
Sieberia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 114. Koyama & Kawano(1964): 859-862. Tsvelev(1976,84):
546-547.
224
POOIDEAE MELICEAE -Г
Vi. 4, Ц)5ШАг®*1И£Й V.31
225
У HoGAERIGAYA[Jap.j
Brylkinia caudata (Munro) F. Schmidt, Мёгп. Acad. Sci. Petersb. ser. 7,12 (2): 199(1868).—
Ehrharta caudata Munro(1859).-B. schmidtii Ohwi(1941).
iS£ 20-40cm. 15-20СШ, Фй 2 - 5aun, ^fe, 0 LX^i
ft$8-20cm, 10-15
ТЙ£ГШгХо<. 5mm»t*Xffl|^^?g^L, ОХМШоТ, ©ЪККЬШН
ЮЙ&Фй. 12-15пмп, i't>U.?>L<^3F-C, 34'^645. &1ШЛФФФФ|й|, 3fcl
СХ5ЯК^%-о. iSU5i^,-c, ф^Ж^о
Ф*т#шньхе£&?>. ^H/h7e(ft±'h7e)tt^-cwtt, ^тлгкнзш,
7Ж№ЬЬ, enft? 2cmtC^S. 2ЙО1#Й5<Ь5. тДЗЗий
£*. Sfefeftn 2n = 40.
(ТЕМЯ) 5-7 Л. «Ж, #Я ИВ, ля Ш&ЖФКФФ**, Ъ'")'Л ф*. ФВЖЙ
* d y&WWOiiifil( ?). (13£<7>*' £) 3 ФТЕ*‘ЬЛ2>^¥ЛФВ^ 2
@1'1йХ'7ЕЙ1Л‘ЬйФ.г^Я 5-ГьтД-Х, 0ХЙ5ёХ£5. Е1Ж£И О&Х, ТЙ
йтзШ(1960ЖЗ: bO^l^ljg 1 2П, W.D.
Clayton & C.fi^Sg£>X V'?>.
Perennial growing in deciduous forests of cool regions. Culms often solitary, 20-40 cm tall,
with long rhizomes. Leaf-blades 15-20 cm X 2-5 mm; sheaths terete and closed, ligules low and
barely seen. Racemes erect, 8-20 cm long, with 10-15 spikelets. Spikelets 12-15 mm long,
much compressed, nodding with short pedicels, 3-flowered: both the first and the second
sterile, the third perfect and fertile. Glumes far shorter than florets, unequal, 3 and 5-nerved.
Lemma of first floret (fig. L,) awnless or very short-awned, 5-nerved; that of the second (fig.
L2) longer and long-awned at apex. Third (fertile) floret 10-13 mm long; lemma (fig. L)
7-nerved; midnerve exserted as a straight awn 20 mm or longer; palea about half the length
of lemma. Anthers 3 mm long. Spikelets falling entire together with the pedicel at maturity.
Chromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Sakhalin, Kurils, north-
eastern China. REFER. Clayton(1986): 115. Tateoka in Canad. J. Bot.(1960) 38: 962.
226
НА: <ЬЯ1Й±©=ё Hairs on pedicel.
POOIDEAE BRYLKINIEAE <U №
g: ИЮН У ^UJ VII. 3
227
Misayama-chahiki [ Jap.]
Helictotrichon hideoi (Honda) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 292(1937).-Avena hideoi
Honda(1926).
50-90cm. WolttftSW, ДЗб-Юсш, Ш 2 - 6mm, b Tffitt tfb 0 , ШЙ1'
0.5-lmm t, 'к9 [ШЯlift $ 6-12cm,
Sit 1Й5Г1 -2*01 >-c, 1 - 3 ФШгоЕТ, S$8-12
mm, ® 5mm, 3 - 4 'hfta>F>fr 0 , ЗШ&-С-ЭД£&К1&£ 6. ФШ-ИДЛ' Й-=ё*>t±x.?>.
$ 4mm l£fcte3B, $ 7mm ^>)-C3^. lift 2 7 - 8mm, 5-7
M, 2Й1Л, WtiFK, i*^6ftl'^^EH?>. Ш$ 12-15mm, E
№OXD®.<, W*tUXgW'?U£-ra. ImmUt’O^^S.
ft 2 3mm. &feW2n=14.
(ОП6-7Я. Ml [|B)5g(Z>Z>'£'] фашим ft S lcm 3 - 4 Ф
7EZoGft6±S©'J<, itfp>7xH№b ^n^^od'TEo^bti^+X'rthAiofcftV'^:, ftt-tfc
febHfcd'tt, At11'. i •V--V-^ti=*|l|iW£,
lilt?, Г-СШШ921), * EH IE Avena otfffii LX^. 4 <DX'$>Z>. 7t
- У-*--v(p.224)/A сЫсШсО^’Ь'ойч d'SSoffcfrX5krx<, ггЕЖ*, шитл^-с^б.
Perennial in mountainous temperate forests, with short thick rhizomes. Culms slender,
tufted, erect, 50-90 cm tall; leaf-blades 5-10 cm X 2-6 mm, sparsely pubescent on blades and
sheaths; ligules 0.5-lmm tall, fringed with minute hairs. Panicle 6-12 cm long, erect to
nodding; branches solitary or paired, rough, with 1-3 large spikelets per branch. Spikelets
slightly flattened, 8-12 mm long, 3 to 4-flowered, yellowish-green, tinged with purple, ciliate
on rachilla. Glumes unequal, 1-nerved and 3-nerved; lemmas 7-8 mm long, ovate and bifid at
apices 5 to 7-nerved, dorsally awned from near the apex; awn 12-15 mm long, twisted and
abruptly geniculate; paleas slightly shorter than lemmas, ciliate on the keels, short-hairy on
the callus. Anthers 3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=14.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Rare;c. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 123-124.
228
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
229
«:«»Ж.ЬРЯЙ»Й&Н VI. 5
— У 9 Он-KANiTSURiEJap.] False oat-grass [Eng.] Tall oat-grass [Am.]
Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv. ex J. et C. Presl, Fl. Cechica: 17(1819).-Avena elatior
L.C1753).
Л5$ 70-120®.
10-30cm, 4g5-10mm, ? 1 - 3mm. 10-25cm, «ftg
ildWigW*. 8-10mm b, 2
n-ws $ фйо 1/2-2/3 r i ж, t л, ггад-с з ж. г *>
7Ж, СПХ^исй^З.
±^о<МШпШй-с, ^Ж«7Ж, Ф4й»с%^д^ь, Wtt
$ti£S4am. 2n=14, 28, 42.
(TEW 5-7 Я. Ml ФЛ7г>7-з-рУ/ЧИ/Ш«|)оКШг1'ЬН, ^ifZfc^<ELX«
S-MskuK^o-CV'S. 0*к:«ВДй^»с|ЙЛ?4г7с. ЙЛ©2ФТЕй'Ь
tcti. 1 *ОЙ#ГL-fcAe, A£ 4mm ©Ж* - У У ^-y-CtX^O 5 3 т^, Ж* 1mm)К £*йШ
(У— Н ^-ОТпВоёЙ^-?-а р 4-*$<С-£> < а р+'^7 var. bulbosum (Willd.) Spennerffl
T')t2-SJ. ЙО V !> cv. Variegatum t-tA/Tr, 7Ш©|
i b i L-Cffll'S.
Perennial cultivated for fodders or escaped. Culms tufted, erect, 70-120 cm tall. Leaf-blades
10-30 cm x 5-10 mm; ligules 1-3 mm tall. Panicle 10-25 cm tall, erect to inclined; branches
semiverticillate, mostly 2-5 cm long, rough, with a few to several spikelets per node. Spikelets
8-10 mm long, glossy, green to yellowish-brown, sometimes tinged with purple, composed of
2 same-sized florets (fig. 2F); the lower staminate and the upper bisexual. Lower glume
1-nerved, 1/2-2/3 as long as spikelet; the upper 3-nerved, nearly as long as spikelet. Lemina
of the male floret 7-nerved, hairy on the lower part, awned from near the base; awn twisted
and geniculate. Lemma of the bisexual floret awnless or with a short straight awn inserted
near the apex. Paleas as long as lemmas. Anthers 4 mm long. Disarticulating above glumes
and 2 florets falling together at maturity. Chromosome number 2n=14, 28, 42.
DI STR. Native to Europe and w. & c. Asia, widespread in the world. A phase with plump
basal nodes is var. bulbosum (Willd.) Spenner (fig. T')- REFER. Clayton(1986): 124. Hubbard
(1984): 233.
230
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
+ t. 3s-
Avena fatua L., Sp. Pl.: 80(1753).
Karasu-mugi, CHAHiKi[Jap.] Wild-oat [Eng.]
2^. ЙгЗО-ЮОсш,
10-30cm, Фй0.5-1сш, < t И^Шb, 1Ж1Ш, SSJitaUS. IS
1ШШг 15-30cm, <N|
Its? 1.8-2.5cm, ^>o5 3/J4E, 4 ФХ 2 <МЕй'ip ft •), i
<KM-’Mr/J^oeti«x, WOO, Мйхй^Ь1ШЙ, 7-10
Ж, ЖоГв^ШоФЖ-с^^н^. OUx^gU *)&<, Wxfttx<bSfc2fc£ftb, fttPK »
<0£>Б|&=ёй»£>Бй', i Л ? л a+* var. glabrata Peterm. <?)%#•$>%')' ^ЖОт^ЖЕФ
S35ti*< X^fe, W'iU, <©^1сйй54. £ЙкиХ:Б1^Ж&-Г*. Й
2Wo±¥^fcttffl^d‘7!l&-r;5. $tX£S3inm,
Ьк№ЯШ. &feftti2n=42.
(7ЕХЮ 5-7Л. (5HI>) 3-₽yz<, %77 У ЛОМВЪЛ, 9 4 Ута-’
0*o4oiiW^U0U^^t;L7c40t®bn, ^S^o5Z£iMl^iZcoXV'?>. (1ё)ЙОЛ'£) Tit
£±£*<ЬЖ 3-2<ЫЕ&-Г-,гаГЬ аоФЖх&^Н^ЖоЖ, ^©1Г®ФЛй‘₽>Н!
X, ЙФХ-J: МЙ#5ШУ<Ш5. X <W*- Ь b Л 7 л
Biennial growing in arableland or roadside. Culms solitary or tufted, 30-100 cm tall. 3 to
б-noded; leaf-blades 10-30 cm x 5-10 mm, glabrous to sparsely hairy, with ligules up to 4 mm
long. Panicle 15-30 cm; branches verticillate, with green, long-pediceled, pendulous spikelets.
Spikelets 1.8-2.5 cm long, usually 3-flowered; glumes subequal, as long as spikelets, broadly
lanceolate, 7 to 10-nerved, persistent. Lemmas a little shorter than glumes, narrowly ovate
with two small teeth at apices, usually villose with lustrous hairs on back, and with tufted
long hairs surrounding the callus; awn arising from the back of lemma, twisted and
geniculate, exserted the spikelet by 2 cm or more; paleas a little shorter than lemmas. Anthers
3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=42.
DISTR. Native to Europe, W. Asia and N. Africa. Introduced to Japan probably in ancient
ages, and now widespread in all territories. REFER. Clayton(1986): 124-125. Osada(1972):2D2
-203. Hubbard(1984): 237.
232
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
й : ЙШНШ VII. 3
233
т Л 7Л Онто-MUGI, MA-KARASU-MUGl[jap.] OAT[Eng.j
Avena sativa L., Sp. Pl.: 79(1753).-A. fatua L. var. sativa (L.) Hausskn.(1885).
ЯШМ ХЛ<, й £ 60-130cm.
Л 7 л A *..< ti 3 L %tc 2 /NECtfc’L&_t«|5K^< ШШЖЫ £4-3 40.
'J'ftrmi-£-t <’»t S. 4'7Eo 5 Ш© 2 <SKi4WHt>, &ШФ-СХ Lit
SHrt*. &feftti2n=42.
...4'»i24< /J^i^Lt47x^7£Z><^L7xt\ 2 44E£ %*e tfctiT^ol
IS^ttWe, 8Вй©1ГВНШ^. &feftti2n=42.
(TEW 5-6 Я. (/-H *7*Am£lcWmW£V’Mi, *7XA¥i8ot,+
»LUMU< V'OtMkW^V'. ^©ШН’1Ж*-(
£<oW£paDa^:5. в*ККХ£ЕРЖЙВ^1ЬИЙ^ЙВ»сШЛг4г7с£Ь'Ъ4г, £ £lc»&{tLfc %<0K
tH£5.
Cultivated or escaped annual, with tufted, thick culms 60-130 cm tall. Similar to A. fatua,
but is clear-cut by the following characteristics.
A. fatua.Spikelets usually 3 (sometimes 2) -flowered, with 2 long awns exserted the
spikelet; awn torted and geniculate. Lemmas with appreesed, glossy, brownish hairs on dorsal
surface; sometimes glabrous. Rachilla disarticulating above the glumes and between the
florets at maturity. Chromosome number 2n=42.
A. sativa . Spikelets 2-flowered, awnless or with a long straight awn exserted the
spikelet. Lemmas always glabrous. Rachilla not disarticulating at maturity. Chromosome
number 2n = 42.
DISTR. Widely cultivated in non-tropical regions of both hemispheres for food and fodders.
In Japan rarely cultivated, but escaped plants not rare in arableland. REFER. Clayton (1986):
124-125. Hubbard(1984): 17.
234
T: ftiSfii Cultivated type. T: Sfino Escaped type.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
ЯГЩИЖ VII. 1, T'; VI.16
235
MlNATO-KARASU-MUGl[Japj
Avena barbata Pott ex Link, Journ. Bot. (Getting.) 2: 315(1800).
1*M£. ffttiO 30-100cm. 10-30cm, ШЗ-8ШШ, £
05 5£§W§S2-5inm. FWWtXftS 30cm Rig L, t tf «?4'Ж‘1НТо(.
d'SSU 2 i £ KI з <МЕй> Ь ti I), 18-30mm. |B)fi, 5 - 7 i tc 9 >),
Tfitt'il, «О? ХДШО1 9 LifiZ. 12-18mm, 2 SSL,
g(>t-O5fcliWkL7:ft$ З-Ютшоег^. 30-60mm,
6tHt, >ж?тхм ft</j^ofl-K.o£i±ii-. £я*^оФШйтд1’Шш
H-CV'S. ^•er}fd<(Xl@*K:tfcf>^t>, &feW2n=28.
(TEW 5-6Л. M) Жз-р ,/<и:л b *'7b)-c=B®$h.7c%o-C', «з-р.У< 07, t
-77-v, 77HttiXO‘oXV'5. 1962^»l®l»MzK^-e±W&®^m, ±IBo0*«^oHti
SLfc. 5Ш)?ГСА* (IS)£oz>'£) 2ЭИ
LW, П 7 л 1 £Wft. 0*© Avena К
i 0 3 Ф^т A. ludoviciana Durieu 4йЫг"С1'?>. Ц|11Й=
5 £©£©<£ 5 < , fi? 35-40mm, &t8cm Г4&2>й( 1
ТЕ^ФоФа^шйй'Ы-м^г^фг/хьч
Adventive annual in waste places near sea-port. Culms 30-100 cm tall; leaf-blades 10-30
cm x 3-8 mm, usually sparsely hairy. Spikelets 2 to 3-flowered, 18-30 mm long; glumes sube-
qual, 5 to 7 (9) -nerved, more narrowly attenuate at apices than those of A. fatua. Lemmas
12-18 mm long, deeply bifid at apex; the teeth (fig. AP) hardened into straight awns 3-10 mm
long; the awn arising from the midpoint on the back of lemma is 30-60 mm long, twisted and
geniculate; the lower half of lemma densely covered with long hairs. Rachilla disarticulating
above the glumes and between the florets at maturity. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. Native to Eurasian Continent. In Japan casual. REFER. Clayton(1986): 124-125.
Sugimoto(1958) 19 (1): 2-8.
236
AP: Deeply bifid apex of lemma into straight awns.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
Й: MftStzKiH V.13
237
9 9 *-У9 Rishiri-kanitsuri [J ар.;
Trisetum spicatum (L.) К. Richt. subsp. alascanum (Nash) Hult., Svensk. Bot. Tidskr. Й
210. fig. 3(1959).--T. alascanum Nash(1901).-----T. spicatum of Japanese authors, note:
(L.) K. Richt.
10-30cm,
SmiXR12-4tJcot'-C( 5-lOcm, Ш2-5шт, Ж®
lllS-C, ©?l-2mm, Xgitfo. 3-10cm, Ш 7- 15mm, &Я§<,
ТЕ/роф-й,
5-7тт, 2-ЗФ7Е^е>^0, 'SgttW
4mm *> X & 5mm Т, ЗЖ&’Ь'О. $ 4 - 5тт, 5 Ж, ^4ХФФЙ?<2Я
|Й<^йЧ, £^Д£5-7тш, ^ф-СХиН, ЖУ^Л^О.биа.
2п = 28, 42.
(ТЕМИ) 7-8Л. «О, *!ЖФЙ5%^ОЙШ.
IWRLJK< 9 4 7TW? хй. (|8)й0*'^1 RSttoMR
г-зФ^ь^Фж 2§s, §1ФоГв1й>е>жх5®<^йФ?>^хх£й^®-?
(/-Ц ^etX^OjKV'OJO^Lftt^S^ST, N. N. Tsvelev(1976)ti 7 ЙНРК'С 65
-to 5 t> В subsp. spicatum, subsp. alascanum, subsp. molle 0 35
tl'o"Cl'6. ®о1ВхКК-$ЁЛ.4£, ФШ©®О%О4£ subsp.alascanum K.^tc.% L^zbnl.
®И®1ё(1978)4Х E. Hult6n(1959)Z>»Bij^O T.spicatum & ф^Х subsp. alascanum
xE^, *Ж<ёЖФ^ 2n = 28, 4Ь®5ЙК1ЙФ 2n=42 O%O^e>nfci«ebXV'2>.
Perennial on gravelly slopes in alpine regions. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 10-30 cm tall,
pubescent; leaf-blades 5-10 cm x 2-5 mm, flat, usually densely villose; ligules 1-2 mm tall
Panicle 3-10 cm long, spike-like with dense spikelets; rachis (fig. RA) and branches white-
pubescent. Spikelets 5-7 mm long, 2 to 3-flowered (fig. 3F), with villose rachillae; glumes
subunequal, 4 mm: 5 mm long, usually 3-nerved. Lemmas 4-5 mm, 5-nerved, bifid at apices
awned from the sinus; awns 5-7 mm long, twisted, geniculate. Paleas slightly shorter than
lemmas. Anthers 0.6 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=28, 42.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido and alpine regions of c. Honshu), n. Korea, Kurils, Sakhalin,
Okhotsk, Kamchatka, N. America. T. spicatum s. 1. widespread in arctic and alpine regions
of N. & S. Hemisphere, and many infraspecific taxa have been proposed. The illustrated plant
from Mt. Kitadake (3100 m. alt.) in c. Honshu seems to be referable to subsp. alascam
(Nash) Hult. REFER. Clayton(1986): 126. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 264. Tateoka(1978): 1-2.
238
RC: ФЙИ" Rachilla segmer.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE 4
S: IX. 1
239
****+%-?у KlTAD AKE-KANITSURI [J I
Trisetum spicatum (L.) K. Richt. subsp. molle (Michx.) Hult., Svensk. Bot. Tidskr. 53:!
(1959).---Avena mollis Michx.(1803).-----T. molle(Michx.) Kunth(1829).----T spicati
var. kitaddtense (Honda) Ohwi(1941).--T. kitadakense Honda (1931).
$ 15-35cm, ft$3-8cm,
1.5-бшш, •) ^1*^3
1.5mm. 1 Й51 Ъ b 2 *
ttfib. ФЙ»2-
'I'ftfrbts; I), ft $6-7.2mra, 1 - 3№(£<> t^TFIsJft. 1ИШ,
^ОТй'ЬейЧФШ, £:«ft$4-6mm, &ФТ'3: CH,
£0, felzwe, ^lift$ 0.7-1.2mm. 2n = 28.
(TEW 7-8 Я. (fl-ffi) 17(ll|±g- • 4tS(T.kitadakense О-f УЖЙЬ)й‘^0
tt. ±©1ВЖад№Ж©^рпиГ 1 (Isl^ozrg’) >)y
A - 7 У subsp. alascanum <, i "t 0 <h
< , i < ^7Etto^^Wi7c»'h() •>) у D -ctifti'^)-citx'ib-c-^5tEi
1
Perennial in alpine regions of central Honshu. Characterized by nearly glabrous culms an
leaves, wider panicles, slightly larger and thinly hairly spikelets, and by the rachis of panick
with very minute hairs. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. Japan (Akaishi Mts. in c. Honshu, usually 2800 m. or more high). Eastern Siberi
to Arctic Far East and N. America. In Japan, this subsp. is clear cut from preceding subsj
alascanwn, and seems to be referable to subsp. molle (Michx.) Hult. based on Avena molh
Michx. (1803) described from Canada. REFER. Clayton(1986): 126. Tsvelev(1967, 84): 2fc
Tateoka(1978): 1-2.
240
POOIDEAE AVENEAE 47X
8 : UlWftS VII.24
241
5 9 9 Ъ 4- Л — У р MlYAMA-KANITSURI, TAKANE-KANITSURl[jap.]
Trisetum koidzumianum Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 2: 33(1933).-T. agroslideum Koidz.
(1919) not Fries.-T. flavescens (L.) Beauv. var. variegatum Honda(1930) not Aschers.
Wi®$ 20-30cm, 1-ЗЖ £ H ^<^£4.
$Wt<, ft?5-15cm, l-5-4mm, ffSl'SCl. TM. iTO-S 114
1 - 2mm. 5-7(-10)cm, te’1-1.5cm, 7ЕЖ
£$3.5-5mm, £< lX2d'O4&0, LtfL№
6t^5. agtilK. S$3mm, AS 3.5mm.
3.5-4mm, 5Ж, < 2 S, ШФЛ£ 0
i^tfi£ 4 - 5mm, ^'pt-X CK < <0'^Гйй'4. fi gp igg^X 0 ;Р4й>!с
ffi.l'. X>L^li3{@, Clifts 0.5-0.8mm. Sfefeftit 2n = 14.
(ОП 7-8 Я. (5Hf) Ж'ЯФ^ОЙИКЙ-^ё, fllistft, Ay ft, SMftfri'). M7£W5fi.
(l=l^o^K) *£НФ^©Й11|$оЖ 2Ф/Е
X W, L-tc^ <>о/ЬЙ/t s. [s] c < ,gj|ll±O У > У Л - 7 У (p. 238)
* У T Л - v У (p. 240)-C!XiWi$ GMft-t?, i < К4Е#Офй
ШШо-С'ЯШНЬ. л У У ?"-y-(p.244)H¥%©«^-0, ШФЙШС,
<0 2»(ХХй4-с£4&Ь, Й%ог< £V-><
Perennial in alpine regions, with short rhizomes. Culms tufted, 1 to 3-noded, 20-30 cm tall;
lower internodes softly-pilose with patent hairs. Leaf-blades flat, 5 - 15 cm X 1.5 - 4 mm,
glaucous-green, smooth, sparsely hairy on both surfaces; sheaths with patent hairs; ligules 1-
2mm tall. Panicle 5-7 (-10) cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, dense with short branches and short-
pediceled spikelets; rachis and branches glabrous and smooth. Spikelets 3.5-5 mm long,
mostly 2-flowered, yellowish, often tinged with purple, moderately glossy. Lower glume
1-nerved, 3 mm long; upper glume 3-nerved, 3.5 mm long. Lemmas 3.5-4 mm long, 5-nerved,
shallowly bifid al apices, with smooth dorsal face; awns arising from above the midpoint of
lemma. 4-5 mm long, twisted and strongly geniculate. Paleas slightly shorter than lemmas.
Rachilla and callus shortly bearded. Anthers 0.5-0.8mm. Chromosome number 2n- 14.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Mt. Akaishi, Mt. Senzyo, Mt. Yatsu, Mt. Shirouma etc.).
REFER. Key to Trisetum spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 148. Koyama(1987): 15.3. Tateoka(1978): 1-3.
Clayton(1986): 126.
242
POOIDEAE AVENEAE Л ^=Г'У ^4®$* 7 Я A 435
VIII.24
xO. 82
243
t) •=• 'У 9 УУ" KANITSURIGUSA[Jap.;
Trisetum bifidum (Thunb.) Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 45:191(1931).-Bromus bifidus Thunk
(1784).--T. flavescens of Japanese authors, not (L.) Beauv.
S5$40-70cm, 10-20®
Ш 3 - 5mm, Ibtuijt*. Shifts 0.5-1.5mm. $10-20®
♦g2-5cm«£’t', 1Й5Г2*Ж-С, t <1'1
}ift$6-8mm, 2- 3Zx b, 5 t fctij^fe-C, £ftKDW'i£>;5.
2 - 3mm J: CX5 - 6mm. $ 5 - 7mm, ЖЙ,
2ig, "teoi 5*с£й*‘5. е«2 8!>|-оГв1й'ЫВХ,
ft$6-10mm, ^ф-СЛЕ-П,
«2/3-С, 0.5-lmm. 2n = 28.
(7ЕЯЙ) 5-6Я. (#« ИВ, ЛЯ, Г<л-о). № ФИ*й, 6$. Hit*
y/ftl
© g fc-? W© <> t В*Й4в©5Ъ, 3 t 4> OV, Я - "7 У
ШИйй£й‘£Жке&Ы:£;5. B*U
-©X^OoliA/f, й -£<$10 J: § it'iph.?>.
Perennial in low meadows and roadside. Culms tufted, soft, 40-70 cm tall; leaf-blades flat,
10-20 cm x 3-5 mm, glabrous or loosely soft-hairy; ligules 0.5-1.5mm tall. Panicle 10-20cm
long, 2-5 cm wide, nodding; branches mostly paired, with spikelets from nearly the base to
apex. Spikelets 6-8 mm long, 2 to 3-flowered, usually yellowish-green to yellowish-brown,
lustrous. Glumes unequal, lanceolate, 2-3 mm: 5-6 mm, smooth. Lemmas 5-7 mm long, chart-
aceous, with hyalin margins, rounded on back, very rough with scattered minute papillae,
deeply bifid at apices; the teeth attenuate into awn-like apices. Dorsal awn 6-10 mm long,
rough, geniculate, later strongly recurved. Paleas about 2/3 as long as lemmas, deeply bifid
nearly to the middle. Callus and rachilla villose. Anthers 0.5-1 mm. Chromosome number 2n=
28.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, Chinese Continent,
Taiwan. REFER. Key to Trisetum spp.... Ohwi(1965): 148. Koyama(1987): 153. Clayton
(1986): 126.
244
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
Й: фда-rfi УШ. 1
245
9 Л - 7 У Л ChISHIMA-KANITSURI, KANITSURI-SUSUKlfJap.]
Trisetum sibiricum Rupr., Beitr. Pflanz. Russ. Reich 2:65(1845).-T. homochlamys Honda
(1929).--T. flavescens (L.) Beauv. var. sibiricum (Rupr.) Ohwi(1931).
S$50-100cm. io-25cm, Ш4-10Щ
2 - 4mm. $ 13-20cm, ffi 4-10cm, ftiftli'Mt
Ktil®5^3-5*¥»d=-r?>. drifts 6-10mm, 3 - 5 d'7E^6 ft 9,
fe, КУЫ'ЬЪ. ж-'&тш, ft $ 3 - 4mm, 5-бит.
IggttiftS 6 - 7mm, MK-CWF4 < , ^d'ftd^^tHiT^, *-?') %
i'i2^L< 2 ftift5*5, ^o^Ji^zttitiftib-r, K^ibft$ 7-12mm ©e^Ult, CH, S
Jr-tS. %П2$1. mft£ 2-3mm-C«© 1/3-1/2 < ipV'. &6#«2n=
14.
(7ЕЯЙ) 7-8Я. (#Т) «Й, • ФЙ5, F^Ul), ИВ(5ЙШ). у1, ф|,
$Ж ?,>уу, 7 у л Л ft WKiJK/fii. (й£0
Ш1П, &©£<ад?£, W
о.5-1тт 1/7 JUT, 2 ftti^^lc i b, Wffi©O£ti<> о i S Zcoft t'WW
h%>. ftfef-?^* — 7 У ©ЗЁЙ subsp. umbratile (Kitag.) Tsvel. <> H$E.&6 i J: <Ы>
ibftt\
Perennial in subalpine to alpine regions. Culms tufted, 50-100 cm tall; leaf-blades 10-25 cm
x 4-10 mm, glabrous, sometimes loosely hairy; ligules 2-4 mm tall. Panicle 13-20 cm long, 4-
10 cm wide; branches 3-5 clustered per node. Spikelets 6-10 mm, 3 to 5-fiowered, yellowish-
brown to yellowish-green, often tinged with violet, lustrous. Lower glume 1-nerved, 3-4 mm,
upper 3-nerved, 5-6 mm. Lemmas 6-7 mm, chartaceous, slightly rough on back with minute
spots, bifid at apex, with 2 awnless teeth; the dorsal awn 7-12 mm long, torted and geniculate.
Anthers 2-3 mm, 1/3-1/2 as long as lemma. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku). NOTE T. sibiricum s. 1. widespread in
e. Europe, Siberia, China, Korea, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Alaska. Subsp. umbratile (Kitag.)
Tsvel. described from China also occurs in Japan (N. N. Tsvelev, 1976, 82). REFER. Clayton
(1986): 126. Tsvelev(1967, 84): 262. Kitagawa(1956): 302. Tateoka(1978): 1.
246
POOIDEAE AVENEAE Л 7 Д
х8
S:iUS!J?dt& ix. 4
247
ч 7 П MiN0B0R0[Jap.] Crested hair-grass [Eng.] June-grass [Am.]
Koeleria pyramidata (Lam.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost. 84:166(1812).-Poa pyramidata Lam.
(1791).--K. cristata (L.) Pers.(1805) in part.
S$ 25-70cm, 7Ш L LHRljgg<
5-15cm, 1.5-4mm, *) K. 4 tf P> >),
0.3-0.5mm, =Й=®©±Ш-Ж^S. JSTftiffittTEff©<t 5к:**., О
fi, ft$5-15cm, Ш5-13тт, TOOimWm-Ct 20mm & *) L ft*. 'JW
$4mmlW iiftltftj^¥, £ < Я 3 'HE^bft*. < 2 L tt >), JEtfU
|g-Wa«3», Ш'2»*4!),
ti 4mm, Л1'ЗЖ*‘^>»>, £^В©К1<Ш©МНо. Ф7Е(1«±©ФТС(Т&)
ШЙ1ЙО. ft$2.5-4mm, L ft о X $* £, 3 - 5 Ж, 6 ЩД < , *6Ж 8
tiftS 1.5-2mm. 2n = 42, 56, 70, 84.
(7ЕЯЙ) 5 - 7 Л. (fl-ffi) ИН, ЛМ. H-P.yz<, 7i/7) 4t*, 77!)*©|&W
ifib. f d 7’Жй1Н7с.£Л7 у v^ttb b LV'bH*. (IsLto*'£) i^fiifet^YftTE^t^^ft/J'W,
_hm-®^&®4=LfcW, >) Ш6©Ж^@^-о, ftL*£#®Lt
%. t>— b) K. cristata (L.) Pers. ©i&7? J: liLit ft ft\ ©Й-L ft-э ft Aira cris-
tata L.(1753) KJfeT-tS Linne ©Bfc(WX5!ia*L«»< th, Se«Z>^tiL‘H^ cristata
Ltsh't- Ей‘Ъй'о/с. A/L’d* K. pyramidata (Lam.) Beauv. fcffl
Perennial in low to mountainous meadows. Culms densely tufted, 25-70 cm tall; upper
portion and rachis tomentose. Leaf-blades 5-15 cm x 1.5-4 mm, loosely hairy; ligules 0.3-0.5
mm tall, minute-hairy on margins. Panicle pale-green, with short and erect branches, dense,
flattened spike-like, 5-15 cm x 5-13 mm, hardly interrupted except for flowering time. Spike-
lets 3.5-4.5 mm long, strongly compressed, mostly 3-flowered (fig. 3F); lower 2 florets bisex-
ual and uppermost one sterile. Glumes lanceolate to oblanceolate; sharply keeled on back,
with wide scarious margins, glabrous; the lower 3 mm, 1 thick-nerved; the upper 4 mm, 3
thick-nerved. Lemmas oblanceolate, 3 to 5-nerved, sharply keeled on back, 2.5-4 mm long.
Anthers 1.5-2 mm. Chromosome number 2n = 42, 56, 70, 84.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widespread in non-tropical regions
of N. Hemisphere. REFER. Clayton(1986): 127-128. Edit. Tutin(1980): 220. Gould(1975): 126.
Hubbard (1984): 241.
248
CU: f^O-Lnl! A part of upper culm. HA: 1?<0 P.SiO-A Hairs of upper culm.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
xhni
riOJiAftSBfm V.15, VI.28
249
/Я'п* НЛ- MlNOBORO-MODOKltJap.'
Rostraria cristata (L.) Tsvel., Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7:47(1971).-Festuca cristata L
(1753).---Koeleria cristata (L.) Bertol.(1819).-Lophochloa cristata (L.) Hyl.(1953).—F.
phleoides Vill.(1785).-K. phleoides (Vill.) Pers.(1830).
1^. W4, ffiSlO-ЗОст, fc(±t
3 - 6cm, ♦B1.5-4mm, i t ?>. 1mm, SWtV
b. £S3-6cm, Й0.5-1св,
ФИНЗ». 'J'WiftS 4 - 5mm, (2)3-4Ф7ьй^7хЬ, tifctifcJ^T.
>), papilla fctf1
M, StWmiM, ЗЖ, s^2.5-3mm. ТЛ'©Ф7Е©^« 5 Ж, ШЖ
<2§1L, 1 - 2mm < , ММ, 2Ш®1
Sfefeftti2n=26, 28.
(« 4-5Л. ВЯ&Й1Г * * IM 9
d t/gW* b #/u. 0*Г'Я1932^1Й^-СМ^Й‘П, t С Ъ F t 5-C'Jb'fc'mi'4.
(IrI^cd*'^) $ 7 <-KpKJ£^, l^t, *) FФЙЙ
7xtifc'^5F'C'^>^> (7— b) Linnet (1753)fc£>6 Festuca cristata L. It
«7**P%b4t, Aira cristata L. © 9 d i 7 ,-K p tc^fc Ъ. ^Ofcfel805^ C.H.
Persoon ic<£ ot Koeleria HA'BWbfifcO'Mi, S 7 ,-K p t± K. cristata (L.) Pers.(1805), J 7 dtp
•t b'=Hi K. cristata (L.) Bertol(1819) i fc X, #lj© t ©й‘|ё) L-£ ofc.
homonym © I^IJ-C^ 6. 5
fc cristata A4£lfl t fc l' £ tli, ffiJ5©7 — b tcgBL-fc t & *) W.D. Clayton Oft
', i 7 4-Jp^ Koeleria ±35 ffi), 5 7 <-K p -t b'=^& Rostraria Ж(1Й^К ±10 ®lt
ttcL-fc.
Adventive annual in urban areas. Culms tufted, 10-30 cm tall, glabrous or sparsely hispid;
leaf-blades 3-6 cm X 1.5-4 mm, usually densely hispid including sheaths; ligules 1 mm tall with
lacerate margins. Panicle dense, spike-like, mostly thicker towards bases, not interrupted, 3-6
cm long, with nearly glabrous rachis. Spikelets 4-5 mm long, (2) 3 to 4-flowered, flattened:
both glumes and lemmas sharply keeled on back, papilla-based-hispid except for scarious
margins. Lower glume lanceolate, 2 mm long; upper glume broader, 2.5-3 mm long. Lemmas
5-nerved, ovate, minutely bifid and 1-2 mm long awned at apices. Paleas narrow, hyalin, with
two awn-tipped nerves. Chromosome number 2n=26, 28.
DISTR. Native to warm-temperate regions of Eurasian Continent. Adventive in other
districts. REFER. Clayton(1986): 128. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 267. Gould(1983): 173. Edit. Tutin
(1980): 220.
250
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
xlO
Ж: Sfcrfi VI.17
251
КомЕ-susuKifJap.] Wavy HAiR-GRASs[Eng.] Crincled hair-grass[Adl
Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Nees, Gen. Pl. Germ. l:tab. 43(1833); Trin., Bull. Acad. Sci.
Petersb. 1: 66(1836).-Aira flexuosa L.(1753).-Lerchenfeldia flexuosa (L.) Schur.(1866).
20-60cm, Ж 5 1mm, 1 -3№
bZcO, ЖИЖЙБ^Ш&Ь, ЗИШ, ££5-15cm, 0.3-0.8mm,
, S5Si-i.5m.
НОШ? 5-12cm, 7ШО»-ШЬ,-С1'-С, 2 - 3 *<WW,
5rnm tit', titi'|B]±©2'bW.
-S^tititi'IBJg, £ < , £S4mmlW, КЙ, ±Ф®1Ф
ЛЖ^^-7-C^rh,, BWijawm^'WtiPK,
ФЛЙ1Ш$35ОЙ< 4-7mm, Kht<0?
]№№. IB]*. ^i*$2mm^b. Ф7Е©Й«КИ*ь^йЧХЛ.Ъ. Sfefeftli 2n=28,
(7EMS) 7-8 Я. (Ж) Ш ESS, ЛЛ1, 5. *«©ЖЛЁ, ЙШ. 941%.
Шз-Ру< (|s);tcD*'£':) 1,800m tT?T^6), ttfЪftHii
ff, 2(3)'hfta>bZ£0,
ФЙ^-го^ШЖ2Ж©е^^^Ж^. pzs7 a > zz*
Perennial on gravelly soil in alpine regions. Culms densely tufted, 1 to 3-noded, 20-60 cm
tall; most leaves radical; leaf-blades 5-15 cm X 0.3-0.8 mm, filiform, polygonal with a groove
above in cross-section (fig. TS); ligules 1-1.5 mm tall. Panicle 5-12 cm long, very loose;
branches usually paired, with a few to 10 spikelets per branch. Spikelets about 5 mm long,
2-flowered; if three, the uppermost floret far smaller and sterile; glumes subequal,
membranous-hyaline, glossy, usually tinged with purple, obscurely keeled above. Lemmas
oblong, rounded on back, finely 5-nerved; midnerve protruding into an awn from near the
base; the awn twisted and geniculate, 4-7 mm long, exserted the spikelet. Paleas as long as
lemmas; anthers 2-3 mm long. Hairs on the callus 1 mm or shorter. Chromosome number 2n=
28.
DISTR. Japan (Common in alpine to subalpine regions; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku,
Kyushu). Widespread in Eurasia and N. America. REFER. Clay ton (1986): 129-130. Tsvelev
(1976, 84): 285-286.
252
TS: Transverse section of leaf-blade.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
xO. 82
%: Ш«Шй VTI.24
253
Е хзуч/ з HiROHA-NO-KOME-susuKi[Jap.] Tufted hair-grass [Eng.]
Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) Beauv. var. festucaefolia Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 41:635 &
666(1927).-D. caespitosa subsp. orientalis Hult.(1927).
Wi, it5 £ 15-60cm. 2 - 3 , ft^5-7mm, Й
UfLtt'Ofe, = /
+...fSO-S-lmm,
1.5mm,
□ gi©I^©as’ 1/5, Фй]««. 3fefeW2n=28.
...t % fig 1 - 3mm, $Ш® tiSttX'ln
iclI^iaUo-Cfilii, JB^^S3-7mm. ISWoEmL-C,
fcV'. OEO^tifiC, 1/2, tffil'. &feflat2n=27, 28.
(TEW 7-8 Л. (#Ж) «it, *ЖЖ;)Ь~ФЗтЖ ИВ, A^loBlU. 9 Л ХЖММИШ
&Щ. at Ltm^«Kbfc!), ЯИЕ i^UJ^t-JK< N. N. Tsvelev 41У
BHl^A:WC17®a^*W'tV'?>. (7-H ±#&=Й^«11^га:;МС21Ш^»-О'?>. * = =
> лл4- var. macrothyrsa Tatewaki et Ohwi 100cm, ТЕЛ-ИДс
30cm tiiTi: 0, M—Ф7Е(Х'ЭМЙОЛ-^Ш/С1\ =• V >' <J A - 'У У var. levis (Ta-
keda) Ohwi H^SKS© #Ф Г Ж U ТЕ#НШ*< < , Язй’»ЙП, &ИЯИ < tzW8#
Perennial on sunny gravelly soil in alpine regions. Culms tufted, erect, 15-60 cm tall, 1 to
3-noded. Panicle lax, 5-20 cm tall. Spikelets 2 to 3-flowered, 5-7 mm long. Distinguishable
from D. flexuosa by the following characteristics: flat to inrolled leaf-blades 1-3 mm wide,
with several nerves prominent above; ligules 3-7 mm tall; awn of lemma straight, not or
hardly exserted the spikelet; callus with longer hairs and pilose rachilla. Chromosome number
2n = 27, 28.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). D. caespitosa s. 1. widespread
in arctic or alpine regions of both hemisphere including Australia. NOTE N. N. Tsvelev(1984)
reported 17 subspecies in USSR, and 4 of them also from Japan; namely subsp. beringensis.
macrothyrsa, orientalis and paramushirensis-, and J. Ohwi recognized 3 varieties in Japan,
namely var. festucaefolia, levis and macrothyrsa. These Japanese taxa have to be revised in
future. REFER. Clayton(1986): 129-130. Tsvelev(1976, 82): 279-285. Ohwi(1965): 150. Hubbard
(1984): 251.
254
TS: Ж#$ЙЙпЯ Transverse section of leaf-blade. TS': |н), — пЁЙ± Ditto, a part highly magnified.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
xO. 82
S: *»O±S vm. i
255
rz.^7 i) -V
Takane-kome-susuki, YuKiwARiGAYA[Jap.] Arctic hair-grass [Eng.]
Deschampsia atropurpurea (Wahl.) Scheele var. paramushirensis Kudo, Journ. Coll. Agr.
Hokkaido Univ. 11: 71(1922).-Vahlodea atropurpurea (Wahl.) Fries subsp. paramushirensis
(Kudo) Hult.(1927).-V. paramushirensis (Kudo) Roshev.(1934).-D. pacifica Tatewaki
et Ohwi (1934).
i5-40cm,
5-10cm, *g2-5mm, i S 2 - 3mm.
4-12cm, <ЬЖ><₽5£ t d'WtS$5-6mm, 2
ш£|в|й, ю-с,
to. 2-2.5mm, i К *), 5 i“ < ШЗ,
тши (WggtatfHsmmc тдго.бпп
at’. &fe#tX2n=14.
ЮЛ 6-7Л. (Я-fi) ^4 7, 7b-m*
Л^+7Й, 77ХЙСМ (|а)^Л*'^) Н*-С^±вШЯШЖ.
£<, d'Wi 2 ФТЕй^Тх >), (ИШ1
KLjsV'O^t bit Vahlodea(lMl«)i-r?>^^t^V'*>, I W.D.
Clayton(1986) K.^ о te.
Perennial in alpine regions of Hokkaido. Similar to D. caespitosa in general aspect, but is
clear-cut by the following characteristics; leaf-blades flat, 2-5 mm wide, usually tomentose on
both surfaces; ligules 2-3 mm tall; sheaths also tomentose with short, patent hairs; spikelets
5-6 mm long, 2-flowered; lemmas indurate, with laciniate and fimbriate upper margins;
anthers about 0.6 mm long; pedicels and panicle branches densely pilose with erect-divergent
hairs. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Daisetsu Mts. in Hokkaido), Kurils, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Aleutians,
Alaska. REFER. Clayton(1986): 129-130. Tsvelev(1976, 82): 288. Edit. Tutin(1980); 227. Ohwi
(1965): 150.
AP: Apex of lemma. TS: ® #tSWE® Transverse section of leaf-blade
TS': IB), - Ditto, a part highly magnified.
256
POOIDEAE AVENEAE ^э''У±#®4Л7ЛД:Й®
VII.29
257
SHIRAGEGAYA[jap.] YoRKSHIRE-FOG[Eng.] VELVET-GRASS [Am.]
Holcus lanatus L., Sp. Pl.: 1048(1753).
№*&<, £^Й&©Ж-=Ё^Й£Ь-СЙЙ6Н
O', t'p- К© J: mi, ^£ 30-90cm, MiMi'fi*, 10-30cm, ®5-
10mm, £iCfe£PF|H|-C, ^=5 ИЙ$ 3 - 5mm. FW7E#5 Й*, fi$5-16cm, &Й6, к
d'Wi*$4-6mm, 2ФТь^1Ъ/£0, №f'Wi
&Т-Г*. WH21St Vb&iШ£|н|й, «-Willi,
1а1Г±*иШ^Я£-Г*. 24<ttOt,
©%©адм^ЖФ1Ю^^й1£, W5K, WPK,
ИйФ7ь©»г1«#®^Ши^й^о<, £ИЮ< * 0 t^<. 0ffi< , 2Гк, ±0
3(0, 2mm. &fefttt2n=14.
(7ЕЮ) 6-8Л. WO s-р ^~®7->7©1ЖЙч?, К<В##*Ё©й#»сШЬЬ-Си;5. И7
mm) Ж#, ИМ ФЙйгаи^се'Р-гтти W
HS*4C/b$l'2/Kli*^X', 1
^©/KElcffi^fc^©** C i Шй‘«>ПИ’»«йЧЙЙ$П^. Zcfc, |s|Jg©filKia^-t->7y^
H. mollis L. It 3 - p У /<i‘bA->fc % ©t, ?y*'t 1 0 < , ±Я'М
4 mm^o tWit*. fiSF • won • 1Ш4ftWfflfcft
JISHfc (^^4 : tt^ifeS^®W5E39 : 20 1991).
Introduced perennial in meadows and arableland, velvety-tomentose and grayish-green in
colour, without rhizome. Culms tufted, 30-90 cm tall; leaf-blades linear-lanceolate, often
erect, sometimes with oblique bases, 10-30 cm x 5-10 mm; ligules 3-5 mm tall. Panicle usually
erect, 5-16 cm long, pale-green or tinged with purple; branches pilose, 3-5 clustered per node.
Spikelets very compressed, 4-6 mm long, 2-flowered (fig. 2F), falling entire at maturity.
Glumes as long as spikelets, sharply keeled on back; the lower 1-nerved and the upper
3-nerved, both tomentose and ciliate on the keels. Florets glabrous, glossy; the lower floret
bisexual, with awnless lemma (fig. L,); the upper staminate, with a curved, short awn arising
near the apex of lemma (fig. L2). Paleas shorter than lemmas, 2-nerved; upper margin irregu
larly serrulate. Stamens 3; anthers about 2 mm. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to Europe and W. Asia. Introduced and widespread in non-tropical regions
of the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 130. Hubbard(1984): 261.
258
HA: Hairs of te:
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
x4
V». 1
259
NuKA-susuKi[Jap.] Silvery hair-grass[Eng.j
Aira caryophyllea L., Sp. Pl.: 66(1753).-Avena caryophyllea (L.) Wigg.(1780).-Agroslii
caryophyllea (L.) Salisb.(1796).-Airopsis caryophyllea (L.) Fries(1842).-Fussia carp-
phyllea (L.) Schur(1866).-Aspris caryophyllea (L.) Nash(1913).
1Шй;М0-40ст,
о-сжй-Г2>. о.з-о.5тши; i
<, й 3 - 5mm,
V, AZ 2.5-3.2mm, ЖО2ММ
<? Ъ-f Steffi < , 2 i 4
' 5 о t, ШФ$ t£ 2 й t ft 0, <Ь 1/3 « i’o t о Ът?£ tin t
tint, тфтch, дг о.3-0.5™.
&6<Ш2п=14.
(7ОТ5-6Л. Ml it з-₽
>'Ч* Т У'ЖЭД), 4Ь779Л, Ц57£>7КЧМзЬ, Ж • 4t7-* У ЛК1ШЕЬ-С1'2>. (Ir)£<7)*'£'J 'Н
й‘Ф$<, -й* 1'WilWo 2 7Ей>(>&!), ЬйЧФТЕЯЛМ-'Ю
Adventive annual growing in waste place. Culms tufted, erect, 10-40 cm tall; leaf-blades 1-5
cmX0.3-0.5 mm, greyish-green, tightly inrolled and filiform, with conspicuous ligules 3-5 mm
tall. Panicle loose, 4-9 cm long; branches with clustered spikelets at and near the tips.
Spikelets 2.5-3.2 mm long, silvery and often tinged with purple, 2-flowered, with equal glumes
and equal fertile florets. Both glumes 1-nerved; lemma 5-nerved, notched at apices, rough on
back; midnerve exserted as a geniculate awn arising from 1/4-1/3 above the base. Anthers0J
-0.6 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=14.
DISTR. Widespread in Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia; introduced into S. and N. America. In
Japan occasionally occurs in sunny, waste places. REFER. Clayton(1986): 131. Tsvelev(1976,
84): 426-428. Edit. Tutin(1980): 227. Hitchcock(1971): 297-299. Hubbard(1984): 257.
260
АР: Apex of lemma. TS: Transverse section of leaf-blade
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
X57
ГМОН1 V.20
261
#ХХЗг HANA-NUKA-SUSUKl[Jap’
Aira elegans Willd. ex Gaudin, Agrost. Helv. 1:130 & 355(1811).-------Aira capillaris Host
(1809) not Savi(1798).---Avena capillaris (Host) Mert. et Koch(1823).----Airopsis capillan
(Host) Schur (1859).-----Airella capillaris (Host) Dum.(1868).-----Aspris capillaris (Host
Hitchc.(1920).
3 10-40cm, 0.3mm FW. £№
%, ft$ 3-10cm, i® 0.3-0.6mm, S 3 - 4mm,
1.5-2.2mm, Ш
ft$3-12mm, 2'KE^Gftb, ^-(T^'J'TEtOt^ft < , $Г(±Я)Фт£Ф?<©Ж{
^fcfti'^fc?». WW^fttOfi,
2n = 14.
(ОН 5-7Я. (»«)
7. 0*T?H^HK^'(tLfc4>OR:|±1^5. (Ir)£<7)*'^ 24
7Ей> G ft ?>WIBft<bS8i ft < t i й>о лл* iКМШК$И6.
я .........'J'iMtiiKftt-ifeS о-cot, ft S 2.5-3.2mm, ffioft $ H<bJ8o 1 - 2 f&. 4ЧШ2Й
i
................о to^, ft $1.5-2.2mm, ffilift $ 3-12mm tr, Ло
5/b«O2-5^ft, 2Ф7Е©5Ъ x * л л + Г 4> 2 Ф7Е t
subsp. ambiqua (Arcang.) Holub i <£ IfM.
Adventive annual growing in sunny, dry waste place. Culms tufted, slender; leaf-blades3-
10 cm X 0.3-0.6 mm, inrolled and capillary when dried, with conspicuous ligules 3-4 mm tall
Panicle 3-12 cm long, somewhat loose with many small spikelets. Distinguished from A
caryophyllea as follows:
A. caryophyllea......Spikelets clustered at and near the tips of branches; spikelets 2.5-3.?
mm long, with 1-4 mm pedicels (mostly shorter than spikelets); both florets awned.
A. elegans.....Spikelets scattered all over the panicle; spikelets 1.5-2.2 mm long with 3-1?
mm long pedicels (mostly far longer than spikelets); usually only upper floret awned.
2n=14. DISTR. Native to Europe and Asia; introduced to N. America. In Japan adventive
occasionally. REFER. Clayton(1986): 131. Edit. Tutin(1980): 227-228. Hitchc.(1950): 299.
262
AP: Apex of tooth of lemma. TS: Transverse section of leaf-blade.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
S fOBJIlffi V.
263
MiYAMA-KOHBOH[Jap.] Arctic holy-grass [Eng.]
Hierochloe alpina (Swartz) Rome, et Schult., Syst. Veg. 2:515(1817).-----Holcus alpinus
Swartz (1806).
£ 10-25cm,
ft? 1-3.5cm, Ш2-Зшш. ft $ 10cm 9, fil-Зд
5ЙК U, 0.5mm, ШД? 1.5-4
cm, fgl-1.8cm, 7-20 ffitS <bS8ttft S 5-6mm, D,
2(@©4Stt'J4Ei 1®ОЙЙ4ЧЕЛ‘Ь*:2>. Й1Ю, &i'3 IKfc’b *>,
, T#©M:tt'h7E(l& ПИШ
< faЪSal L>£й*>Ж, ±Л'©Ж±'1'7Е(1Й-Ф7Е)-<-ЯФ*ДТо £ - d^ft 3 4 - 5mm
t, с©&ШФ-е1: *±®od'7E(^Hd'7E)HWttt', »ЙФ
теойт!^Й£Ш£|^Й, ЙИД$2шш. &&W 2n = 56.
M) 7-8Л. (я-ф) m<m) siU4, 2
«ttd4U 1 ±)7©»ttd4E©mft £ 4 - 5mm
WtEL, >-+*> <£ HS&<, 0.5mm I>-H-Iti№
7<£#)ЙШЮ’Сг?’ 9, < -V*j > 4-’ forma monstruosa
CKoidz.) Ohwi
Small perennial in alpine regions, with branched creeping rhizomes. Culms 10-25 cm tall,
erect from ascending bases; cauline leaves 1-2, narrowly lanceolate, 1-3.5 cm X 2-3 mm;
radical leaves linear, up to 10 cm or more, inrolled, glossy. Ligules under 0.5 mm tall, with
fimbriate margins. Panicle 1.5-4 cm long, loose, with short branches and 7-20 spikelets.
Spikelets light brownish, 5-6 mm long, composed of two male florets and one bisexual floret
(fig. 3F). Similar to IL odorata, but is distinguished by two exserted awns: one short and
straight, arising from near the tip of lower male floret (fig. J L,); the other 4-5 mm long and
geniculate, arising from under mid-point of upper male lemma (fig. 3L2). Bisexual floret
slightly shorter than the other two; lemma pubescent, awnless. Palea of male floret rough on
the upper halves of keels (fig. JP2); anthers 2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 56.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Hokkaido, c. Honshu). Widespread in arctic and alpine regions of N.
Hemisphere. REFER. Clayton(1986): 132. Kawano(1959): 11. Key to Hierochloe spp. ... Ohwi
(1965): 152. Koyama(1967): 219.
264
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
265
Ezo-KOHBOH[Jap'
Hierochloe pluriflora Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 31:136(1917) & 33:204(1919).
SfiKS 15-35cm,
Sl-2cm, tg2-3mm. ft^25cm, fg 4 - 5mm, <. £
StiiWS l-2mm-C, _E©^ >) 1.5-Зсш, Фв 1 - 2cm, 0
«ойгхЬЙ&оца. 5 - 6mm, 2 йойй/Ш> 1 <@ой<4<МЕ&££й‘ЬЙ <. W
^ЙЖ-=ё, Ш'ЗЖй>2>*. Мэ^й®, 5Ж, «S.t
FWig^J: it
&3&*1ЬГФШ1-й''&2>. ййФТЕЯШйФТЕ! O4'J<, iOlii±Wmcris £}Vxt,4
М16-7Л.
ToSzKftS^i^Xi'fcigS-r. (Ir)$<7)*'r] ТЕЗШтМ^,
5 -W = >4-:->ч?И±©ШйФ7Еоеад<<
m, o.smmtiT. o-н
t> var. intermedia (Hack.) Ohwi = 77’. alpina var. intermedia Hack. Я, Жй^'ТЕо^й^ t
MUR, ЙЙФ7ЕГ <9, «1йЖ4 HfcM-r 15 (Ж^й).
Perennial on alpine regions of Hokkaido, with creeping rhizomes. Culms 15-35 cm tall;
cauline leaves narrowly lanceolate, 1-2 cm X 2-3 mm; ligules 1-2 mm tall, fimbriate on upper
margins. Panicle 1.5-3 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, bearing several to 10 spikelets. Spikelets 5-6 mm
long, light brownish, glossy, composed of 2 staminate florets and 1 bisexual floret (fig. 3F).
Glumes equal, narrowly ovate, as long as spikelets, 3-nerved, membranous, glossy. Lemmas
of staminate florets nearly equal in size and shape, hairy on back (fig. S Li), papery, with
bearded callus. Paleas slightly shorter than lemmas (fig. S P2), 2-keeled; keel smooth or with
sparse spinules. Bisexual floret smaller than the staminate ones, with densely pubescent
lemma (fig. ? F). H. alpina is distinguishable from this species by the ligules only to 0.5 mm
tall, the upper staminate lemma with long, geniculate awn, and by the awnless or short-awned
lower lemma.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Mt. Yubaridake in Hokkaido, rare, on serpentine). REFER.
Clayton(1986): 132. Kawano(1959): 11.
266
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
VII. 24
267
Il’JZxK’JZ Конвон[}ар.] Holy-grass [Eng.] SwEET-GRASs[Am.]
Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv. var. pubescens Krylov., FL Alt.: 1553(1914).
Ъ. ie$ 20-50cm. й2 1-4ст, Ш 3 - 7mm,
10-30cm, *g 2 - 5mm, t О-=ЁЛ>^£, IfttB 3 1-5-3mm. 41&3 4 - 8cm, fi
4-6cm, Ktt2-3*foffir,
K. 4 - 6mm, 3<№‘bfc*. Ю, И
Zcti3^4>o. 34<0 5t>T©2№i£ttt, |й»±, 5Ж ^<HtHLfc№
Я-=ё^2М, ^o^^tiZcV'. *?L-<310*40. _ЬО 1
2, 7ЕЙ2, ЗЖ, ЯтШ, Ф&М^о-Х#гП£й'>2>. Й8Ш i
2n = 42.
(7ЕМЙ) 3-5 Я. Ml «Й, *Я ИВ, ЛЯ $Ж -f-jft, -!t,s >) v, ->-<>) 7КМ var.
pubescens 0 4^ (Ir)£<7)64) ¥#й>е>Я1Е, Wtt
o&ig<i?J< ФЛШЗФТЕ, ТЯо 2 Ф7Е1Шй-С^ЙйЭД, У EttH
*^$4-Г*. О-Н N.N. Tsvelev (1976)tiS^©*r^> < 4гЖЖ©^ 7
-+:-7Hlttt'J'7E©Stt^^-e^2>Olc^L, в- ₽ Н. odorata £vi\
ЙЖ£ LtffiMotor H. glabra Trin. tctc. ЬЛЯЧ^НШ = >.+-'> ©Mttd'TESSli
tH^W^£tBLTi'T, Н^^±©Яйй»2&2>Ой‘, 4?седв|*)<0з£'^1с-|-t'&i'%ОЙЧ1
t fcMSfflg—(1914)H =>-+' £ з - p y'<S£L,
Fragrant perennial in sunny grassland, with long rhizomes. Culms 20-50 cm tall; cauline
leaves a few, lanceolate, 1-4 cm X 3-7 mm; radical leaves linear and longer, 10-30 cm x 2-5
mm; sheaths usually pubescent; ligules 1.5-3 mm tall. Panicle 4-8 cm long, with smooth
branches and 20-50 spikelets. Spikelets 4-6 mm long, pale-brownish, glossy, composed of
lower two staminate florets (fig. J F,) and one uppermost bisexual floret (fig. F3). Glumes
equal, membranous, 3-nerved, not-keeled, as long as spikelet. Lemmas of staminate florets
(fig. SLi), rounded and brownish-hairy on back, 5-nerved, awnless; that of bisexual floret
smaller, 3-nerved (fig. 2L3), nearly smooth on back. Palea of bisexual floret (fig. $P3)
1-nerved, carinate. Callus glabrous to short-hairy. Chromosome number 2n = 42.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, Kurils, Sakhalin,
Siberia. Note According to Tsvelev (1976) says H. odorata forma pubescens Krylov. (1914) is
a synonym of H. glabra Trin. subsp. glabra. Japanese SWEET-GRASS (KOHBOH in Jap.) must
be revised later. REFER. Tsvelev (1976, 84): 346-353. Edit. Tutin (1980): 229. Sugimoto(1973):
86. Kawano(1959): 11.
268
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f А=ГЯ
s: дошгкй±аит V.9
269
HARUGAYA[jap.] Sweet VERNALGRASSfEng.]
Anthoxanthum odoratum L., Sp. PL: 28 (1753).
$ 20-80cm, 3-10cm, ffi2-5mm, t *>>$>% fcttft
^tiiS$2-4mn. FWEfl4X!&TSgoJ: 5t^£, S$4-10cm, 6-14шэ,
wx«>i&gfe, ©we, эыъ^*. <ьцщ§¥, s$7-iomm, m-w
Ш, Д$ИИ'Ж>*Ш1/2, Мп^^ЗШК-СФВ^ЙЙ, ^#О±ФЙ!к
®^ЗК13 4ЧЕЙ‘Й‘< nxi't, ^©5ЪФЛоФ7Е(МНФ7Е)7с^й^-Сйй, %
Wtft£2mm, ЗЖ, Й®И1Ж, < , L % fcL^i2fi, $ 2.5-4mm, ttftil
Й < t^^J'SgolI*‘bftlXttl-r. ££©Ф7Е(£- • £~«)ЮтМ 2§!LXR
M Id'TEo^^X-СЙЙ, М-Ф7МВД
< -Сйф-СЗ: UHtffid'S. &fe»i 2n=10, 20.
(7EWD 5-7Я. (ЯИП Н/НЧЙ
ЙЙМКЖг ШЖШ^. ^-Т^^Цз-н ^<. (Ia)$<z>*'?) ft$l«
ШЙ&£ b t < 1/2ЙОМЙ, ФМНФЭД^'ЙЯ, II
^!) '/©WZi£^gfct-rs. (/-НШк
ft, C. fi i % о < 0 "C, subsp. alpinum (A. et D. Love)
Hultgn ГШ W ® 5. Л^Й#Ж.
Perennial cultivated as fodders or escaped in arableland, aromatic when dried. Culms
tufted, erect, 20-80 cm tall; leaf-blades 3-10 cm x 2-5 mm, sparsely pilose or glabrous; sheaths
terete, usually hairly; ligules 2-4 mm tall. Panicle dense, spike-like, 4-10 cm long, yellowish-
brown to light-green, glossy. Spikelets with hairy pedicels, lanceolate, compressed 7-10 mm
long, 3-flowered (fig. 3F): the lower two sterile, and the uppermost one perfect and fertile
Glumes strongly folded and keeled; the lower glume 1-nerved, about 1/2 as long as spikelet;
the upper the same length and 3-nerved. Both sterile lemmas 3-3.5 mm long, pubescent with
brownish hairs, bilobed;the lower (fig. L,) with a straight awn; the upper with a longer,
twisted and geniculate awn. Lemma of fertile floret 2 mm long, 3-nerved; palea 1-nerved, not
keeled. Pistil with 2 long stigmas exserted the spikelet. Chromosome number 2n=10, 20.
DISTR. Native to Eurasian Continent. Through cultivation widespread in non-tropical
regions of the world. Common in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 133. Key to Anthoxanthum
spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 152. Koyama: 221.
270
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f
g: HiWgAS&Wij V.12
271
($ТЙО KENASHI-HARUGAYA[Jap.^
Anthoxanthum odoratum L. subsp. alpinum (A. et D. Love) Hult. Kungl. Svensk. Vetenscap.
Handl. 7: 9(1958).-A. alpinum A. et D. Love(1948).--A. odoratum var. glaberrimum
Schur.(1866).--A. odoratum var. glabrescens Celak.(1867).
N. N. Tsvelev(1976, 84)('±iO3ifflA^0 L L, ''Л'Л'Т var. odoratum
1'^0X StcISLTl'fc.
/U # a..ФЖойил-о 5 |±| L t tz ttfti' fcbh, ФЖ % % %
2n = 10, 20. 9 d 7W3 - ₽ Г
'r-r-ys'^Vdr....ФЙОЙ11АО5r < iht2-3
&fettH2n=10.
ti±ox Lft< ttb.
<^L, V'^SiWiWcKib-r', $Ш, МЙ, A±4-'#ox Vx<b№r%.&oVxbofc'tt'bM.
X ntf, ^ФТЕо^ЖогЁ < , ±9J 1/2-2/3 г $ -т^'Л-
tfTKAfil'. 2n=10.
С7ЕЯП 7-8Я. (ЯПП «Ж/fSK©^® 700m, 1983^O<h^?^
(У-Ю ±tjE«£ LTSELfc^ti N.N.Tsvelev ОЮ1964$£
fcfcL T.G.Tutin ti A. odoratum i A. alpinum <W®
£ 0 OJ-C£fri'£ t'oTV'S.
Adventive perennial recently introduced in Hokkaido. N. N. Tsvelev (1976, 84) recognizes
the following 2 subspecies in A. odoratum s. 1.
A. odoratum subsp. odoratum . Spikelet pedicels usually somewhat covered with
divergent hairs or long spinules; glumes and leaves glabrous or somewhat pilose. Chromo-
some number 2n=10, 20.
A. odoratum subsp. alpinum.Spikelet pedicels usually glabrous and smooth, rarely with
a few short spinules or solitary hair; glumes usually glabrous; leaves almost always glabrous
Chromosome number 2n=10.
DI STR. Subsp. alpinum widespread in the circumboreal regions of Europe, Asia and N.
America. It was described from northern Sweden, but its habitat is not restricted in alpine
regions, and spread in meadows, riverside and willow' forests etc. REFER. Tsvelev(1976,84):
354-355. Edit. Tutin(1980): 230.
272
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
S : VII.31
273
MlYAMA-HARUGAYA[Jap.j
Anthoxanthum nipponicum Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 40:317(1926).-A. odoratum L. var.
furumii (Honda) Ohwi(1953).---A. odoratum subsp. nipponicum (Honda) Tsvel.(1967).
3-15сш£2>Й\ 2 - 5cm, fg 1.5-2.5mm,
^HK^lmm. 2-5cm, 'hWift S 6 - 8mm X'Sgm, WW',
Oifrfr^-r r ££ £ bo £, L tit Ъ t-Д ft ti > Ъ.
=®fi оф-С-'/ил'-v tltK, ftb-r,
3.5-4mm, 1/3 £ A fife Ъ J iffi
LtV'fc. 2n = 10.
(7ЕЯЙ) 7-8 Л. (Ж) zIUOCFiJRfii),
fir. [^-F] Ш, [0*
(1982) N.N. Tsvelev(1967)ti£H£, a - p y
ic. % ^.ЬН^ ’г ^''/Н-КЙГЮК^ < Й < , fcAi t -V -vx'/u^f-v
2.5-3.5mm0^aj-t©t-OJ3H2> l'£. 7У >, T&££tftl'3
Perennial on gravelly soil in alpine regions. More gracile than A. odoratum and is distin-
guished by the following characteristics. Leaf-blades on the culms 2-5 cmxi.5-2.5mm,
glabrous except for scanty hairs on basal margins; ligules 1 mm tall. Panicle 2-5 cm long,
terete, not broadened below. Spikelets 6-8 mm long, with nearly smooth and glabrous glumes
and pedicel. Sterile lemmas (fig. Lb L2) 3.5-4 mm long, glabrous on the upper 1/3 of their
length; dorsal awn of lower lemma often exserted the spikelet by 2.5-3.5 mm.
DISTR. Japan (Mt. Rishiri in Hokkaido, Akaishi Mts. in c. Honshu), n. Korea. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 133. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 355. Tateoka(1966): 85-88. Satake et. al.(1982): 118-
119.
274
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
xO. 82
S Vffl. 5
275
Е HlME-HARUGAYA[Jap.] ANNUAL VERNALGRASS[Eng(
Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss., Voy. Bot. Midi Esp. 2: 638(1841).-A. carrenianum Pari.
(1842).-A. puelii Lecoq et Lamotte(1847).
x'/utf+MW-tV'fcds b 1^£. У $©ЖЖ1
tft<W, 2 - 6cm, ®l-4mm,
L£, arSUB? i-2inm. ft?l-5on,
ФЙШ5-7И1 il<tLfc2'NE£lfl
1/2 ftt? Ш,
ms&mm W'tma. unit
й<2§|, t^2)o,J'$*W^*»?, W®*‘P>iE*‘l±S2>. £ <
t, КЬМсФ^о^ЫФ^Ж-Г. Ш£(М=)'Ь7Е1Ш-=ё. mftSSmm. Sfefefttt 2n=10.
м) 6-7Я. (япп 3-By/<sgao^tv>bn, (я
''/W......ЖШ'ЬЙЙ, ^ф-СЯ-КЕЙЛ'. TEffiift? 4-10cm, ФИШ7-10m, $
ЙЛ'.
..............1^. $йТйт, ^фй'ЬЯ*%Йй:Е7с®^^Н2>. TEtffiftS l-fe
<h»t 5 - 7mm, Э1'.1'Й©^' b ft < о £ ЖФ. < 2 §{, §!Л-©^1СЯ
Adventive annual in waste land, aromatic when dried. Culms prostrate to ascending below,
many branched at lower nodes; leaf-blades 2-6 cm x 1-4 mm, sparsely hairy on both surfaces
and on sheaths. Panicle dense, spike-like, yellowish-green and lustrous. Most allied to 4.
odoratum, but is distinguished as follows:
A. odoratum..Perennial, culms erect, tufted, not branched; panicle 4-10 cm long; spike-
lets 7-10 mm long; glumes usually hairy; with an awn hardly exserted the spikelet. Sterile
lemmas deeply bilobed; each lobe rounded and entire at apex. Chromosome number 2n=10,
20.
A. aristatum.Annual, culms prostrate to ascending below, branched at lower nodes;
panicle 1-5 cm long; spikelets 5-7 mm long; glumes glabrous; with an awn evidently exserted
the spikelet. Sterile lemmas (fig. Ц.Ц) shallowly bilobed; each lobe minutely dentate at
apex. Chromosome number 2n = 10.
DISTR. Native to w. Europe. Introduced and casual in other territories including Japan.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 133. Edit. Tutin(1980): 230.
276
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
Й : IgmWiJiflj VII.24
277
TAKANE-KOHBOHfJapj
Anthoxanthum japonicum (Maxim.) Hack, ex Matsum., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 11: 443(1897).—
Hierochloe japonica Maxim.(1886).
Й$ 20-60сш. MS 10-20cm, *g4-Юпш, it
I) , 2-6mm,
Д?5-7га,
ЗФО'Ьй»),
Sti'Ko 1/2-2/3, м-^ятзж, 'МЙ£|н|Д,
< i^fe. *Н*'Нй?< 2gU,
fcfefebifC, -tH-t'H 1 #©^!&‘Ж2>. %— <bTEof!:!i@< ХЙЙ, I
-^о&1Д<-С^ф-СЙй^, Eg
fcU-<2ffi, ^L^im^ib, &1Д? 2-2.5mm, 7ЕШ* 2
2n = 70.
(TEW 6-7 Я. (tfffi) Ф35, ЖДМ±Й111). 9 Л УЖЙгадЛ1МЙ11К', fcffl
35Д^0Йп°п. (W^ofr?) ^<ЖЕйъЙ5й\ ФЙ
МИ1?и~У±1?ОЙ, 1/2-2/3Д, ^fe045tcfeiob^fcT'^8
2*0Й®ЯФЖО^й^{ф,Т,, 4>WtH L,
b £ £ ft £ £ "Г *.
Perennial in subalpine regions. Culms tufted, erect, 20-60 cm tall; leaf-blades 10-20 cmxl-
10 mm, usually sparsely pilose above; sheaths glabrous; ligules 2-6 mm tall, with laciniate and
fimbriate margin. Panicle 5-13 cm long, 1-3.5 cm wide, loose; branches mostly geminate,
smooth. Spikelets somewhat compressed, 5-7 mm long, composed of 3 florets (fig. 3F). Lower
glume 1-nerved, 3-4 mm long; the upper 3-nerved, 5-7 mm long; both glabrous. The lower two
of the three florets reduced to strile lemmas (fig. Lb Lz) deeply bifid and villose with brownish
hairs; dorsal awn of second floret (fig. AW) torted and twisted, far longer than that of the
first, exceeding the spikelet by 1-2 mm at maturity. Uppermost floret bisexual and fertile,
glabrous; lemma 5-nerved, hyaline membranous (fig. $L3); palea 1-nerved, not keeled (fig.S
P3). Anthers 2-2.5 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 70.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (n. to c. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 133.
278
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
ff : OJMllCSt® УШ. 1
279
IsHizucHi-KOHBOH[Jap.l
Anthoxanthum japonicum (Maxim.) Hack, ex Matsum. subsp. luzoniense T. Koyama, Grass.
Jap. & Neighb. Regions: 223,486(1987).--A. luzoniense Merr.(1906).--A. formosam
Honda(1926).------A. sikokianum Ohwi(1941).-A. japonicum. var. sikokianum(Ohwi) Ohwi
(1953).
fluxes 30-50СШ, * % 4 = Ь -+* * t X < ©X l' &ОХ5Ш
4-: >.l^txta 4-10mm, t) zr< < . PJBftfflXftS 5-13
cm, ®!Xfi< X$«>_h&l4lt, 'hWXiUX*ibroi'<, £1X7x1'. Фйадгз-
8ши, £&£Ш, Ш£фШ^7с^Л,Я< »
T->'/У ..........l^txt§2-6mm, < lW^V'XV'6. РЭШЕЙЧХЙ 2 4 - 8cm, Й
ixffi<, Жйь, ££^1Х7ЕЖ^дти^й< 7x6. <Мйад$4-5м,
7x0, О^£К^£Й£ЙН?Хб. Ий'
ЛЭДЖ.
(7ЕЯВ) 7-8 Л. (ЯФ) ИЙОШЙЯЙШ, ^ЖШ, ЯУНШйО, ЛЯКЙАЙ). 6Й, 7
А У t’7. £ -Г 7’ЖШХЛ-7 './gj. О-Н 4'ЦЖ£1Х t'0'ЙЖ©^ Т 7 У^Л-7't
id X О'/г- 7 v ВЖ<0 => > <+' >> О 3 $)£%.-£, £ (> tc ©Ж® £ L, subsp.
luzoniense ©£© % £ LX V'6 t £ 1Х±8Е1сйгГ £ is 0 X&6. IteWJaHtWSJ 8
7igp.253 ©^ 4 7 v^/u*'-VO|g)^K®lX-f -> У^ = > ,+t •> £ * о < 0X&6 L, Л#ЛНЙ₽(1975)
%tntc-oi'X r&Mfc'XCM-v ttdLXV>6. L7c*^X^
оXДV'6ЮХ, Й£ЙЮХ subsp. japonicum <hftSfiL7£('ttUX'7x67j£l,\
Perennial in high mountainous regions of Shikoku and Kyushu. Closely related to the
preceding subspecies, and their difference is as follows.
Subsp. japonicum.Leaf-blades 4-10 mm wide, flat or with slightly involute margins.
Panicle 5-13 cm long, loose, with longer and erect-divergent branches, never spikelike.
Spikelets 5-8 mm long; upper glume lanceolate in side view, gradually narrowed into
acuminate apex.
Subsp. luzoniense......Leaf-blades 2-6 mm wide, usually involute. Panicle 4-8cm long,
dense, with shorter and nearly erect branches, often oblong. Spikelets 4-5 mm long; upper
glume narrowly oblong in side view, abruptly narrowed into acute to acuminate apex.
DISTR. Japan (Shikoku, Yakushima). Taiwan, Philippines. REFER. Hsu(1975):25!
Koyama(1987): 223, 538.
280
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
ГЖ5ЙШ VIII.23
281
KuSA-YOSHl[Jap.] Reed CANARY-GRASSfEng.]
Phalaris arundinacea L., Sp. Pl.: 55(1753). Typhoides arundinacea (L.) Moench(179£
---Digraphis arundinacea (L.) Trin.(1820). Phalaroides arundinacea (L.) Rausch. (1969).
ЖЙК}ХЛ.2>^^Т?, WHSir, И $ 70-180СШ, &35, H>kXg$ 15-30cm, ®8-
15mm, . US’1X^6 5 2 - 3mm. РЭШЕЙЧХ®Й, 5-25cm, fit
Ло-С(ЙТ)«>Ь-<й*<В ОЗкиХДОЧ ЕОШМ*. SfX4Si5fc 1-2 /f
»JXg5 4-5mm, i&fi, 5с£Л'КЕ*Х ЦЙТг, ТШФШиМГН WW
ИД-СЗЖ, «#О±Ф^»СС:<^1>Д(?>П)^2>. »ХД2 3-3.5шш, Й1>
5Ж^4Ъ, W^H<, igft'KEO^gbXft;* l-2mm, Д-=ЁйЧХх.^. $И|
1.5-2mm. ^feftkX 2n=14, 28, 35, 42, 56.
(TEW 5-6 Л. (Ж) «Ж, *Я НЯ, ЛЯ £<^5. И
^ШХз-р v,\ (|^£О*'Г) ¥Й!~<£|11%ОЖЙКиХЛ., ^iSlmlW, 5-6 Я t-igfe©TEJf
txtHL, 'J'WX^T, &^1ФТЕ^Й£, ФТЕоТ^1х-д^ой>б »? A,>t-^oig<k<J'4rE*s21@^>5^Е
7xi4^i-T6. (7-b) N.N. Tsvelev(1973)lXJS£^ PhalaroidesC 1Ж 1 «)&Шй, 7tta->^
subsp. arundinacea i, * У ,+' 7 -у- s -> subsp. japonica (Steud.) Tsvel. О 2 El <>£©
HiTEjyojA>*tXX2>ti'5«'‘,
s -у var. picta L. EJ:^.
Perennial on moist soil along rivers or pond, with long creeping rhizomes. Culms erect.
70-180 cm tall; leaf-blades 15-30 cm X 8-15 mm, flat, glabrous; sheaths rounded on back;
ligules 2-3 mm tall. Panicle erect, green, 5-25 cm long; at first spike-like with erect branches
(fig. T'...flowers at male stage), then typical panicle-form with spreading branches (fig.T...
flowers at female stage), then at maturity spike-like again. Spikelets 4-5 mm long, much
flattened; glumes 4-5 mm long, 3-nerved, strongly folded, with narrow-winged sharp keelson
back; florets 3; one fertile floret and two sterile ones. Lemma of fertile floret, 3-3.5 mm long,
faintly 5-nerved, rounded on back. Lemmas of sterile floret 1-2 mm long, bearded with long
hairs. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 14, 28, 35, 42, 56.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widespread in neo-
tropical regions of N. Hemisphere. REFER. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 356-357. Hubbard(1984):273.
282
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
»•• 4Wrfr V.30
xO. 82
283
з t з
CaNARY-KUSAYOSHI, YARI-KUSAYOSHl[Jap.] CANARYGRASSfEng.’
Phalaris canariensis L., Sp. PL: 54(1753).
SUM, Й2 30-120cm, Я^, 3t#lift;S10-
30cm, fg 0.5-1.2cm, Я^, Sfi, ft $ 3 - 8mm T? 0 tz^. HO
ft$1.5-6cm, *8 1.2-2.2cm, &&fe.
ffilW, ft <? 6 - 9mm, ЗФ7ЕЛ»е>*2>. ft£6-9mm,
1'Ж(Ц-П)й‘4Х 0 111 Lt 1'6. 3 <МЕ(Й 3F)O 5 Ш® 1 £ < XStt. fciMXjgftU5
AJttttfcO, 0iCo£K.< l'. ЙЙФГЕИЙ? 3.5-5mm, < , Й1>
5Ж^*>Ъ, F*3SlXft*fiPl^t 2Жй'Й>6. mSSWi’Smm. ftWtig
< mSLXSt,, 3ft£.W2n = 12.
С7ЕЯВ) 4-6Я. (5HL a - ₽ „ ;<&Ъ&т От, ') T ti tjK^. 941
tt4^O^^L, -^Lt|sl^t^6. ftSot/ityjm*
fcii^o^rWLi'. (/-I) ttFfW^O5H» I't 4ФДй©да
< ^й‘И6.
Adventive annual rarely found in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, 30-120 cm tall; leaf-blades
10-30 cm x 0.5-1.2 cm, glabrous; sheaths rounded on back, with conspicuous ligules 3-8 nut
tall. Panicle long ellipsoidal to conical, with regularly arranged spikelets, 1.5-6 cm long, 11
-2.2 cm wide, greenish-white. Spikelets much compressed, obovate, 6-9 mm long, 3-flowered
Glumes equal, as long as spikelet, mostly 3-nerved, pale-white except for narrow green lines
along nerves, strongly keeled on back, with broad, crescent wings on the keels. Among 1
florets, only the central one large, 3.5-5 mm long, bisexual and fertile; the other two reduced
to only lemmas and attached to the base of fertile floret. Anthers ca. 3 mm long. Grains falling
down being enclosed by hardened, lustrous lemmas and paleas. Glumes persistent. Chrome
some number 2n = 12.
DISTR. Widely distributed in Eurasian Continent. Adventive widely in the world through
cultivation for birdseed. REFER. Key to Phalaris spp. ...Edit. Tutin(1980): 244. Hubbard
(1984): 271. Clayton(1986): 133
284
S': Ж—6 i о fc'bHl Spikelet taking off the first glints
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
£: ISWrli VI. 7
285
HlME-CANARY-KUSAYOSHlfJapj
Phalaris minor Retz., Observ. Bot. 3:8(1783).
1^. 10-80cm, ШтЛ$5-20а.
Й 3 - 7шш, $ 2 - 5тш. WWI IE L < US ft о <, Й8
*±y-^-y-3->.FWEtfti-^Л^ <, 1.5-6cmX 1.2-2.2cm, igiSfi, 'Ь®Ш<, 536-
9шш, WW±©S(?>n)tti^5*d5^<<'. 3.5-5ят. 1Як^<!)АШИ
<J4EfX2{S, Ш£|Ч]±-С, Д$И^О*Ш’1/2. 3mm. 2n = 12.
-У.Ftf№m/J'3 < , 1.5-4cmx 0.8-1.5cm, <Ы®Ш
<, SS 4.5-бтт, LLйЙй'Ж2>. Ж'ЖЙ$ 2.8-3.Зш. 1
Шй© 1/ЗД. $iil.5-2m.
2n=28.
(OE) 4-6Я. 'J'7-^7, ФЛ7-^7, Ь-г5+ШЦ,1
О{|ЁО:Ш1#Т:Ч mWHXl'6. 9 4 tW4 v К. (7-м В#Т?Ш8»Ш8ГИХ®Т±
КйЖгх ()EUoK
Adventive annual found in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, 10-80 cm tall; leaf-blades 5-Й
cmx3-7mm, with ligules 2-5mm tall. Panicle ellipsoid, 1.5-4 cm long, 0.8-1.5cm wide,
whitish-green to yellowish-green. Distinguished from P. canariensis by the smaller spikelets
4.5-6 mm long, by the glumes with a few to several teeth on the wings, especially by the
dissimilar rudimentary florets, one of which very minute or absent (fig. 2F); while those off.
canariensis quite similar. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. Widespread in Eurasian Continent from mediterranian region, through Asia Minor.
Central Asia to Himalayas. Occasionally adventive in other districts. REFER. Clayton(1986):
133.
286
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
»:ЭсМЯ1*.йЖИ5 VI., ШИВШИ) VI.
287
t КЗ-
Phalaris paradoxa L., Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 1665(1763).
SETOGAYA-MODOKl[Jap.’
ffi£ 20-90cm, 3£#lift 2 6-20cm, Is
0.6-2cm, 3 - 5mm Bfco. iWEffm 3 -8cm, flWifcH^O^t
<X*g2cmfcl±^Vx2>. 7Е#о&11йФо®й‘ЬШь-^-<, io5©tftd'»l«t!)SK5-
8j0©W«M'tj: I) t £кскШ&ФШскТ©Л‘Л:£ >) tft/JW
kX*cj§¥, -ft $5-8mrn, 3 <hft, frffift'J'ft t < 2 ®©jg4t?KEWt
s. з-5Ж^4ъ, ss< 2о^нх^глс»>,
ot, glCtt^t4 1-2Шй‘*2>. ЙЙФ7ЕкХД5 3mm, ffiO 2 /MEtXJgfliLXft2 0.3mmteiWJ'
W©5fcki2§!LTffi£tt, tfcH3-4gL
1»ШШ. ?fefefttt2n = 14.
(ТЕМВ) 5-6Л. M) =--7>7tKtfA<M, =
d'7-^7, 4 57, *Af+7j!>K0'>5. ^О<ЁОЛ^Й‘С%^ЛК
<Х2>%Ой>£Ы-*ЬН?>. гяшты (1950)fcki, UE
-Г. (isi^ozr^ 0 ЫчХЯЪШШН.,
®йадй&Ь^-Г<, 7Е#о_Е^к^Ж Ж>2«1С*6М:ЬШ5.
Adventive annual casual in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, 20-90 cm long; leaf-blades flat. 6
-20 cm X 0.6-2 cm, glabrous, with ligules 3-5 mm tall. Panicle cylindrical, often clavate, 3-3
cm long, 2 cm wide or more; branches short, jointed at middle; cluster of a fertile spikelet
surrounded by several asexual spikelets falling down together with upper piece of the branch
at maturity. Fertile spikelets (fig. Sf) 3-flowered; glumes equal, 5-8 mm long, strongly folded
and keeled; keel with 1 or 2 large teeth on the narrow wings; bisexual floret 3 mm long, with
2 minute rudimentary florets 0.3 mm long at its base. Asexual spikelets (fig. Ss) composed of
only glumes; glumes polymorphic and variable in size. Chromosome number 2n=14.
DISTR. Widespread in Eurasian Continent from Mediterranian regions to Kamchatka.
Adventive in other districts. REFER. Clayton(1986): 133. Edit. Tutin(1980): 244-245.
288
Sf:&tt(SWtt)©2>*'bS8 Fertile spikelet
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <7XA=fiS
»:ЙИШУ1.7 x9 289
HaI-KONUKAGUSA [ Jap.] CREEPING BENT[Eng.]
Agrostis stolonifera L., Sp. Pl.: 62(1753).-A. palustris Huds.(1762).-A. stolonifera var.
prorepens Koch(1844).-A. stolonifera subsp. palustris (Huds.) Farwell(1920).
Й5 10-50СШ. 3-lOcm. Ш1-41ПШ, И¥-СЖ5-Г<,
-feW, 1-41ШП, IWWLtft$ 5-13cm t<il, М<, Ш
4cm, 7Е1?©*й»Ш<, ^><>5 0.5-2.5®
rat’. 'JW1 Д$ 2-2.5mm, 1ФШ44.
шишйд, iiitm 7^й. Obt&fem mt дги®йоайз/5, 5ж, ей
l'*‘, Й8ЮО2/ЗД, &<T§§V'2r«
£>. 1-1.2mrn. 2n=28, 30, 33, 35, 40, 42.
(ОИ7-8Я. mi =•-?
Г) И7ЕЙЗ^И^^-'Э^©Ф^^<Ф,, 7Е^©ЙЙ^<Х,
l-4cmUT, 7Е^О*йИ2-2.5стИ:г, £ 5 < K©^5tt
t b. O~ b) -to^?>^St£a-czKS%bcfi^?>a»iai^^6-20cinX3-7«B it
^<ZcO, TEFfVJ'Slit^c?’< "С, A. palustris Huds. lit © <fc 5 5 Ь Ll\ N.N. Tsvelev
(1967, 84)1Г'От41ШШ1Л1'а. Ш&№£ЪМ№МЬЬ LoWMbto
tisb-f, S$©''-r з у. я ^-y-liW^Ft©g*'^?>.
Perennial occasionally found in lowland, with short rhizomes. Extensive with long creeping
stolons, bearing tufted flowering culms 10-50 cm tall and 2 to 5-noded. Leaf-blades 3-10 cmx
1-4 mm, flat, glaucous-green to bluish-green; sheaths usually smooth; ligules 1-4 mm tall.
Spikelets 1-flowered, 2-2.5 mm long, light green to purplish; glumes equal, as long as spikelets.
1-nerved, persistent. Lemmas ca. 3/5 as long as glumes, hyalin, faintly 5-nerved; paleas up to
2/3 length of lemma; anthers 1-1.2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28, 30, 33, 35, 40,42
(mostly 28).
DISTR. Widely distributed in temperate regions of N. Hemisphere. In Japan, occasionally
found in arableland of Hokkaido and Honshu; these plants perhaps were introduced from
other countries. REFER. Clayton(1986): 134-135. Key to Agrostis spp.... Ohwi(1965): 141-142.
Koyama(1987): 189-190. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 331-333. Widen(1971): 77-96. Edit. Tutin(1980):
235.
290
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f
xO.82
8:
291
Я KoNUKAGUSA[Jap.] Red top[Ehj
Agrostis gigantea Roth, Fl. Germ. 1: 31(1788).---A. diffusa Host(1809).-A. stolonifeml
subsp. gigantea (Roth) Maire et Weill.(1953).----A. alba of authors, not L.
Й£ 50-100cm, mKWcW!
itfc-rS. 5-20cm, Ш4-7шш, i %
д^й^ш^-с, niftftfftiiSii, дг 10-20™, mt>£< $'£><>£,
Д$ 2-2.5mm, 1'МЕй^й-эХ,
ШИШ, |ёШ1й|*,
й© 1/3-3/40дг-с, Й&1ЙИ, 3 SfctiSURfc^, ЙЙЯЙЙО 1/2-2/ЗОД5-СЙ©,
Й'»2>£>. ^ИД£ 1-1.4mm, ^fe. 2n = 28, 42.
(7ЕЙЯ15-6Я. (5НЮ ft-Woi&^t£< Я-ФЬ, 0££±К:Шк-Г?>. M/gWFO.
( Ir) £ <r> i)' %) Н$1'СЛ-5т:Ж7с%О!'Сз ? * y-y-, = g p 3 ? *
L*4^iEa%A-?tV'se>L<, w^ttb7£L'i^®7£B5ij*nbz»^7xi\ о-ю =>?*/«
±#ЛНЙ₽ЯС», A. alba L.(1753)K^te>n-Cl'7c^, LinngOl'5 A. alba it,
rttWofflj ВЕЖй^^О*#^}!-? £ b LfrlC!
й*»£< o^O^JbSi^diJkb, ШИ! 9#т1Л'£-СИ2>£>йЧ*-э£ 9 => ? *^•‘P^OtOih
A.gigantea i Ьт:^^;5ЯМй';/ЁЙЙ£/с-о"СИ&. pps
й/t A. nigra OlEfti J: < Ъй»£>/£1\
Perennial growing in waste places and roadside. Culms tufted, 50-100 cm tall. Leaf-blade
linear, 5-20 cm X 4-7 mm, rough and glaucous-green; ligules 3-5 mm tall, with toothed upper
margins. Panicle 10-20 cm; branches rough, semiverticillate, bearing dense spikelets from
near the bases to the apices, patent to erect-patent at anthesis. Spikelets pale green«
purplish-green, slightly shining, 2-2.5 mm long, 1-flowered; glumes equal, 1-nerved; lemim
membranous, 1.5 mm long, 3 or 5-nerved; paleas 1/2-2/3 as long as lemma, with two fain:
nerves. Anthers ca. 1 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28, 42.
DISTR. Native to temperate regions of northern Hemisphere, and it was introduced to
Japan as fodders, and now widely naturalized in all regions. REFER. Hubbard(1982):3(KI
Edit. Tutin(1980), Fl. Eur. vol. 5: 234. Widen(1971): 96-109. Key to Agrostis spp. ... Ohwi
(1965): 141-142. Koyama(1987): 189-190. Clayton(1986): 134-135.
292
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f 7
Г Wfli VII. 4
293
HiME-NUKABo[Jap.] Velvet BENT[EngJ
Agrostis canina L., Sp. Pl.: 62(1753).-Trichodium caninum (L.) P. Beauv.(1812).—A
canina var. formosana Hack.(1904).-A. sozanensis Hayata(1918).
Й$15-80ст, 2 - 4 gi5^e>Zt 4,
5 2-15cm, Й 2-3.5mm,
Bmvrn, WktPK, з^и^гг-зип, джрш-ш
fi$5-20cm, Ш2-8ст-С, &ti£-g|5 3 - 6 ФЖФ, 1.
1.5-2.2mm,
ШИШ, <, WtrW,
е>о<. ^И^©И^2/3©Д$-С, 18ШФЙМ, ^1'5Ж(£ ^ЗЖ)^'?, UfUflTSiM
l-2mm©ifflV'^otffiL, &ф-?@ < ЙЙФ 4. ЙШСИЙШ!), 1/4
Д$-С2>?>. 0.8-1.2mm. 2п=14(2х)
(7ЕЙЯ) 5-6 Я. М) *#ЛНЙ₽ ГВ^ШЙШ (1975ЖИ, (UU^ffl), MKOSftih
1С®Ь, ёФй-СЯ7£1ч ------^ф«©Й«-J £КФ. и/тз-р»< (й?
со*'Г5 Id'TE^ibZt^Sj/byi/JxB^^^t -?<, Sif £ ft >), ЯШ’
? */-(Псф-? < 9 7c/>\ £Ьт:&%Й1<, ^©ФйИ Зтт UT© (> ©й»£Ч'. к <
WUWt<£, ^g©1fffiK.e©£>?>- £«ШШ. fct'L^t
fctti>41) к, Й®©Н < &> <
1^^5(BIW).
Adventive perennial growing occasionally in wet places. Culms slender, 15-80 cm tall, 2 to
4-noded, sometimes stoloniferous. Leaf-blades fresh-green, glabrous, flat, 2-15 cm X 2-3.5 mm,
smooth above, rather rough beneath; sheaths glabrous, split to the base; ligules 2-3 mm tall.
Panicle very loose, 5-20 cm long; branches 3-6 per node, with many branchlets and spikelets
on the upper halves. Spikelets 1.5-2.2 mm long, light-green to purplish; glumes as long as
spikelets, 1-nerved, the lower rough on the keel and the upper only near the apex of keel
Lemma ca. 2/3 as long as glume, hyalin, faintly (3) 5-nerved, usually with 1-2 mm long awn
inserted in the lower half of lemma. Bearded with minute hairs on callus. Palea under 1/4 as
long as lemma. Anthers 0.8-1.2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Distributed in the temperate regions of N. Hemisphere. Rare in Japan, recorded in
Honshu (Kyoto Pref.) and Kyushu (Fukuoka Pref.). REFER. Hubbard(1982): 295. Widen
(1971): 29-36. Clayton(1986): 134-135.
294
W: A part of lemma
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -ff
V.18
295
«х 4 7 Ъ 4? Р Л7 т ? t) Ф' YuKIKURA-NUKABO, OKUYAMA-NUKABO[Japi.
Agrostis hideoi Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 44:568(1930).-Senisetum hideoi (Ohwi) Honi
(1932).
Й-ЭДтЧй Imm^b,
ЙЙ, 15-ЗОсш, 1R$tW£ Ж>НД? 3-10cm, fg 1 - 2шш, Й 5 Ф < , tM><, Г
SfcttFWcgC ^ХЙ$1-2шш. НШЕ^НД;* 5-7cm, 2
e>o£, ФЙИД5 3-3.5mm, l/WE^ft*. ЖИ
к® ид г i.6mm »i*, 5Ж, Ф£жн^0гжй< -cWfflijHWtxtHL-tetztb,
ЙЛтЬ-СД^ 5-8mm. -Сок 4 о СТ1Д$ 1 - 2mm И i'©2i
^©Ьа^аи^йШ. тД£1тп1ЦТ. Sfefeftit 2n=14.
ОГЕЯП 6-7Я. 0W.
d УййнКтШЖ® T1$. (IhI£©*'£) Диеойай'КхФЯВ^< nUKo^^gtt, ;+•*?
* ФRL®t l' S/Д ФЛЖо#Д L/C Д 2 oft 4 L-tcirft Oft!
i±iZt-5t№i>'!±!-t0H<Ll'!HF|!!. ftfc* - "У У 7 Л' У -f л-Ф i -у -г у а У -у л fc i* у а У tx?
Calamagrostis И % ЯЖо 5t i Zi о ~C # Ж "Г 'Ь П ЫъЪЯ', Н Ъ Нф^й» О<к'4ЪЬ)с^<Х.
(> 'З £®(со£, /ЬЯВ©г®К1Й < ^Фй^®^?>©-Сй^ие>ф.?>. i < у )УМ
УЛ^<ТЖЙ>1С£ < ^ДифЗД&^й-э-С, t X 5^Л.?>©-С,
Я-ЪЫгЪ. / *'У -УЛДК^^-С, я Л4-:ШсНйЛ'.
Perennial growing on wet rocks or rocky soil along mountain rivulets, with short rhizome.
Culms tufted, slender, 15-30 cm tall; leaf-blades flat or involute, 3-10 cm x 1-2 mm; ligules!-
2 mm tall. Panicle 5-7 cm long, very loose, mostly with 2-4 branches per node. Spikelets 3-
3.5 mm long, usually purplish, Lflowered; glumes unequal, 1-nerved, the lower narrow!)
acuminate and longer than the upper; lemma 1.6 mm long, rounded on back, 5-nerved; the
midnerve exserted arising above the base into a geniculate awn 5-8 mm in length, the lateral
4 nerves also excurrent as shorter awns; callus minutely hairy; palea absent. Chromosome
number 2n=14.
DISTR. On the mountains of central Honshu along Japan Sea, very rare; endemic to Japan
REFER. Clayton(1986): 134-135. Key to Agrostis spp.... Ohwi(1965): 141-142. Koyama(1987;:
189-190. Honda(1936): 151-155. Tateoka(1985b): 151-155.
296
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
VI.20
297
MlYAMA-NUKABO[Jap.]
Agrostis flaccida Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 649(1899).
i№ < -C@ 1mm & 9, 5 15-30cm. 4-10cm, Ш0.5-2тт, ЛО 5
^ttift*. 3jmtB5 1-2mm, МРЖПъШк t^l'. HO
5cm < £ tK.10cmU±K.ft9, Hi*
Д5 2.5-3mm, 1 <b7E t> ft £, £ Z^ < , ilt
П№МЬ. 'Н8£|й|Д, Ж-ййЬШ-'ЙШ 0ЬТМ!ё< x,
2mmJeip-r-clK®, 8V' 59, ФШ»'£ c
Lt^m. Ettft 5 3-5.5mm, ^4>-ciaU.ntftZ>**-?xv'?>. (Wi$('h, t £ Rite t Й
0.7-1.1mm, »ft?©2/5 J: 9ftl\ &fe#tt2n=14, 21, 28.
(7ЕМЯ) 6-8 Я. (tfW «Ж, ЖЯ ИН, ЛМ $8$, iW'f-ft. tr-Ov, fill
ЙЙИ®^, ?Ж &Ж, ¥?tMiL№Z>\ В^МЙгКсоФЖЛ^Ш^
0tt, 7 ? Л Ь X 7 Л T У Ъ -t40
(fit— WJ^t^iW5, ^'^-cgftftfti'. =7 у
gg©4flHo^Aftffi£iftot^>E>otaitot, Zif-Cfafii T-??*.+:
t 73 5 -Y-7 У Л /-KioM^ld'^ld'^tXftlXAftr-fZ>»Ll\ %&'&.<£>-=> i -Y-7 У %
Perennial growing on rocky soil of alpine regions, and in boreal, frigid regions on low
montane slope, sometimes near the seashore; without rhizomes. Culms slender, tufted, 15-30
cm tall; leaf-blades 4-10 cm X 0.5-2 mm, usually inrolled; ligules 1-2 mm, with obtuse apices.
Panicle erect, usually 5 cm long, sometimes to 10 cm or more. Branches mostly geminate,
slightly rough. Spikelets 2.5-3 mm long, Lflowered, usually tinged with dark-violet; bearded
at callus; lower glume 1 -nerved, as long as spikelet; the upper a little shorter, with short and
faint lateral nerves. Lemmas under 2 mm, hyalin, faintly 5-nerved; the midnerve protruded
into an awn on back from near the base of lemma. Awn 3-5 mm long, torted and geniculate.
Paleas minute, often nearly absent. Anthers 0.7-1.1 mm, longer than the 2/5 of lemma
Chromosome number 2n = 14, 21, 28.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, s. Kurils, Sa-
khalin, Kamchatka. REFER. Clayton(1986): 134-135. Tateoka(1975): 65-87. Tateoka &
Michikawa(1987): 273-293.
298
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
3 5 Ko-MIYAMA-NUKABO[Jap.] ARCTIC BENT[Eng.]
Agrostis mertensii Trin., Linnaea 10: 302(1836).-A. borealis Hartman(1838).
Ж i T-v * Л AQc-fc < ©, Lrt'LliWt-^rLtti hify
i), iSiL/cb LTl'S. 20fflW
Lfc 734 L L &®n|3t L, ®t © <t -S>* Agrostis mertensii-flaccida complex (^)&&&
2fg&(2x, х=7)даЖ^<, &©<£ Ь/хМ^Ш/с. 2x:396#, 3x:55#, 4x:13
4Ф, 6x: 144 4Ф, 7x: 1 #, 8x:125#. СПЬ©5Ь»1ЙЬХ, K5UL*‘fcV'©ft 2x, 4х4ь'ХР'Й
¥№1&G&i£<r) 3x -C, L П ЫХ A. flaccida Ъ 4> ©7c t И 5. 8x 2x «X b iS <, fi
хАХ'Ж 7*7* 2,300m U±icE L h, 2x 411,400m £>7c 4 i>> L ЩЯФ Ъ. С © 8x й» A. mer-
tensii RL^fcfcb©-?, A. flaccida L©^Wtrf^Li'^, -®
Л©1 5 7x^©^^-tiV'5. (1°)£©й'£) UTt-s 4 * rffcltKLXA*.
4 +-T5C ЛЖ'(2х,Зх,4х)..3-5.5mm, ^МЙ©ЙЖЙ< й>ЫГ®Со£Ш L, ЖД?0.7-
1.5mm-С, §ЙЙ©Д$© 2/5 <Х ЬДИ. 2n = 14, 21, 28.
31 < +т7й.+:(8х)..£ ЯД 2-3.5mm, ^©ФДЙ5 <t Ь Ьф Й>^Тй>Ь№-<> £Ж L, gl«
0.6-0.8mm "С, ^©Д£© 2/5 <Х Ь®1Ч©й^1\ fete L±©^l»7x|!(«4i^%^ 1 Ьй»7х!)£
йпт тж^-сшиО’. &fe#tx2n=56.
«О, ФЖ)©Ж|11. )ЬШ©Жте<Е Мт'ЙЙйУ^Чй, 7 9,-
y-r'y^ljS). (7— h) 3i 5 +? 7 ,-КЮ1Д < A. borealis йЧЙЪЗг, A. mertensii 4ХД < SHLAtV
/ей», C.L. Hitchcock ^©ffi(1969)^1 otfWh, V'tfX0*^^^1&^»cr©«d^bM
I'Ъ. tx*5, $ + т X Й /:t □ i + Й t;ii0ЬH£ 4>ottiEW'ttо19
Lt&b, 0Ф©4>©li£>t Lfxi'Li'bftS.
Small perennial growing on rocky to gravelly soil of alpine regions. Closely allied to A
flaccida, their distinction is not easy. T. Tateoka (1975) collected 734 individuals of 4.
mertensii-flaccida complex in Japan, and examined their chromosome numbers, pollen-
characteristics and their morphological diagnoses. Among the 734 materials, he found 2x (x=
7): 396, 3x: 55, 4x: 13, 6x: 144, 7x: 1, 8x: 125, respectively. According to his observations; 2x,4x
and some 3x are A. flaccida-, 8x is A. mertensii; and 6x found in central Honshu is new to
science, namely A. taleyamensis. T. Tateoka (1975) says A. flaccida and A. mertensii are
usually distinguished by the length of awn and its spot of insertion, length of anther and the
ratio between anther and lemma length.
A. flaccida.Awn 3-5.5 mm, inserted near base of lemma. Anther/lemma>2/5.
A. mertensii.Awn 2-3.5 mm, inserted slightly under midpoint. Anther/lemma<2/5.
DISTR. A. mertensii occurring in more frigid zone than A. flaccida. In Japan in alpine
regions of northern half of Honshu and Hokkaido. Widespread in circumboreal regions and
alpine zones of N. Hemisphere. REFER. Tateoka(1975): 65-87. Widen(1971): 52-63. Tateoka
& Michikawa(1987): 273-293.
300
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f
X17
xl3
К:SffSUlIJSL-fi VI». 1, |hj Vi.4
301
х У'7 # Ezo-NUKABo[Jap.] Rough bent-grass [Am.]
Agrostis scabra Willd. Sp. Pl. 1:370(1797).---Vilfa scabra (Willd.) Beauv.(1812).—Tri-
chodium scabrum (Willd.) Muehl.(1813).--------T. laxiflorum Michx.(1803).---A. laxiflm
(Michx.) Richards(1823).
Az ifZfc <, ®£ 40-80cm. £ 3-lOcn,
fg 1 - 2mm, i 0.5mm СйЧ t t£ Ъ.
±ft£©<MWfc®£®D), < t, iSS 3-4mm-C0fc’o. Htt
JJW 15-40cm, МШШШЙ?© 1/2 Vi3
'JW
ftoni/2-2/3tttiot<'j>^4i'. даов-т sn
2.5mm, 1Ф7Ей>Ь/3:Ъ. ШПМ, ФТЕОЛЗИ#-
^©2/З^Г-С', mHV’RI, 8V'3^t£<X'J'S(
0.5mm ЦТ. 2n=42.
(7Ш1 5-7Л. (ЯФ) «iS, ТЯ'КФЙШ^). ^Ж, -У--У'Л Ш», ФВЯ
< з-Р * d (|й)£©*'£)
% & <Э, &©T;5 1/2-2/3 KUi'J't
й‘/х<, 'bK4>W&v\ ЬМВИ'ЖоЬ I) RL*tfc3t=S, ^©5^2
WM-W1
Perennial growing in frigid to montane regions, without conspicuous rhizomes. Culms
slender, tufted, 40-80 cm long; leaf-blades 3-10 cm x 1-2 mm; lower and radical leaves
inrolled, filiform, 0.5 mm wide. Leaf-sheaths very scabrous, with minute spinules; ligules large,
3-4 mm tall. Panicle 15-40 cm long, often attaining 1/2 or more of the whole length of the
plant; branches semiverticillate, 3 to several per node, capillary, very rough; with spikelets
only at and near the apices of branches, and their lower 1/2-2/3 usually quite bare. Spikelets
light-green to purple, 2-2.5 mm long, 1-flowered; glumes 1-nerved; the lower as long as spi-
kelet; the upper slightly shorter. Floret ca. 2/3 as long as the lower glume; lemmas hyalin,
faintly 3-nerved, paleas nearly absent. Anthers small, under 0.5 mm long. Chromosome
number 2n=42.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu), n. Korea, n. China, Sakhalin,
Kamchatka, N. America. REFER. Clayton(1986): 134-135. Widen(1971): 63-64. Hitchcock
(1971) vol. 1:349. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 339. Ohwi(1965): 143. Tateoka(1985b): 33-40.
302
D: 4К¥Й±©4'®1йк Spinules on leaf-sheath
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f
YAMA-NUKABo[Jap.] Northern bent [Eng.;
Agrostis clavata Trin. in Spreng., Neue Entdeck. 2: 55(1821).-A. exarata Trin. subsp
clavata (Trin.) T. Koyama(1987).
W£ 30-70cm, 7-15ca, Й
1.5-5mm, 1-5-2.5(-3)mm, FWEffttiSS 10-20cm, &1Х1Ш
Xittfb-C', T^Ofii5rti3-4 (5)ФФ^ФФ?>йЧ 5 2f@o£,
SoTm'J'fcWfW
5. ФЖХДг 1.9-2.5mm Oife, it
_ЫсЯ$ИфЙЛ‘Й.£. ^т^О>г©2/ЗИ:£-СЗШй‘&>), ФДЖН^^ФЗ. ЙЯШ5
0.2mm -C, V'fti'/J'JV'. 0.3-0.4mm. 2n=42.
С7ЕЯЙ) 6-8Л. (5НИ 0*£±U>o5.
mWifc'tJfip-C, fto±№l/3©Om'Wo<. ФЙЙРЖЬЙ:!), ft§2«.^,
fiW'J't, t W'KtV'* л *' £©ESlJ*J^0^KiSt
О — b) Ф11|$$1Д1ХВ ф© * Л H-' 4> T•*• ? Л 4-' 4> i 4> K?lt/fciS© A. exarata Trin. ©^®(<ОЪ1с$й)
iL-Ct'6^, ffi№M(1968)ti A. exarata ©Ц^ИФД№й^О15й'ФДЙ5Х Ь±-С1Ш% ifcltf
-V -r x Л ф $> x Л ,-K 4 фДЖ1Х8ЙяЙОТШ-Й! L, t
tc. A. exarata ©РЖТШ^Х4> t®t, i i9, A. clavata
Gracile perennial growing in grassland of montane slopes. Culms smooth, 30-70 cm tall
leaf-blades 7-15 cm x 1.5-5 mm; sheaths smooth, split to the base; ligules 1.5-2.5 (-3) mm tall.
Panicle 10-20 cm long, very loose; branches distant, rough 3-4 (5) semiverticillate on the
lowest node, usually geminate on the upper node, distinctly erect-divergent at anthesis, with
a few to several spikelets on the upper half or near apices, and lower 1/2-1/3 branches quite
bare. Spikelets 1.9-2.5 mm long, light-green; glumes subequal, sharply keeled on back, serrate
with sharp spinules on the keel. Lemmas ca. 2/3 as long as glumes, 3-nerved; midnene
attaining lemma apex. Palea ca. 0.2 mm long, barely seen under handlens. Anthers 0.3-0.4mm
long. Chromosome number 2n = 42.
DISTR. Common in all Japan. Widespread in the temperate regions of Eurasian Continent
NOTE T. Koyama is of the opinion that A. clavata and its var. nukabo are both infraspecifit
taxa of N. American, A. exarata Trin.; while T. Tateoka says A. scabra and its var.
matsumurae (=var. nukabo') are not conspecific to A. exarata, whose midrib of lemma not
reaching the upper margins. REFER. Clayton(1986): 134-135. Tateoka(1968): 161-lfc
Koyama(1987): 196. Edit. Tutin(1980): 233.
304
SP: Spinules on the keel of glim
POOIDEAE AVENEAE 4
ff: VII. 10
305
Я il Ж N ик ABO [J ар J
Agrostis clavata Trin. subsp. matsumurae (Hack, ex Honda) T. Tateoka, Bull. Nat. Sci.
Mus. Tokyo 11(2): 161-167(1968).-A. matsumurae Hack, ex Honda(1930).--A. clavata
var. nukabo Ohwi(1941).--A. exarala Trin. var. nukabo (Ohwi) T. Koyama(1962).
«ИШ ТЕШ^й^о-^, (Е^ЯНК,
^гААоТААб. S 40-80cm, 10-15cm, Фб 2 - 5mm, UTT -г у. it * L ©EM
+ ****....
&©ТЛ-1/3-1/21ШЖ-3-£. <h л,i'lwiA, TlW
-^©3/4Stt±O-t^V'. 2n=42. ТЕМИ 6- 8 Я.
..........РЖ№Ш<А£-СЗЬ/Я1£,
фшшойжй< ьл<, «им-ают
JUT. &€11Ш2п=42. »-Х5-6Я.
(ятг) m фй±й.
Е«, ЯИ< Т5 -/Т у ±^(р. 168)> Й1£х^ 5 7сй\ T-v s >/4
ь'-с1х-йЕтй4>НР>Ф.б. О-Н Ж®
A. clavata ^MSI57->7-C^bLfc%©i#E, &©<I5O
1. Ъ-* т- ъ .+:jityL^AS^7ifclUill2~{£lllWl©^-JMtc,^ibn,
6OA^7c{£i|l20®i|l2tCi'<^^5. 2. ? Л-is (Е1?©ЖШ
tjL6»W>UiiS. 3. ffi^lt^ZEJW^-fn, ^feWRl E t4H>0
b tc< t\
Very common perennial growing in low inhabited areas. Culms 40-80 cm tall, with leaves
10-15cmX2-5mm, and distinctly denser and narrower panicles than those of subsp. clavata.
T. Tateoka says these subsp. are distinguishable as follows.
Subsp. clavata.Panicle very loose, erect and pyramidal to ovoid, with divergent
branches in flowering time; a few to several spikelets clustered at and near the apices of
branches and branchlets; the lower 1/3-1/2 of branches quite bare; glumes nearly equal in
length; florets usually 3/4 as long as lower glume. Chromosome number 2n=42. Flowering in
June-Aug.
Subsp. matsumurae.Panicle rather dense, narrow and linear, inclined near apex, with
erect branches appressed to rachis even in the flowering time. The branches and branchlets
bearing many spikelets from near the base towards apices. The lower glume longer than the
upper; floret ca. 1/2 as long as the lower glume. Chromosome number 2n=42. Flowering in
May-June.
DISTR. Japan, Korea, Chinese Continent, Taiwan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 134-135. Tateoka
(1968): 161-166. Koyama(1987): 196.
306
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
ft: WJMcWffi V.27
307
Е У □ JC * /f HlME-KONUKAGUSA[Jap/
Agrostis valvata Steud., Synop. Pl. Gram.: 171(1854).-A. nipponensis Honda(1927).
№3«Lfcl'. ffl< ttbK Ш
70cm. ft 2 7-15cm, ® 2 - 5cm, S 1 - 3mm. FWtEJf tift S 7-15cm, «2-
5cm, Ж-=ё, 3 - 7mm t, If 'ДОШИв
0, 1Ф7Ей‘ЬйоХ, /J'7E(i^'Ti^^Lt®c?>.
ibi±-c, шкьп-жйн, ж#±1х£е>о<. ФТЕи^г^д, t
7с1ХЬ-Г'й^сЛ<, ЗЫаХ<Ь$3-5Ж, fiftrgi'-c, М
mft£ 0.7-lmm-CftlWH®. 2n=28.
(OD 5-6Я. (ЯЗГ) ^ЖЙЛШй), ИВ, Affl. В*#Й. М/8Ш0*. В
*©^л /-У-ЦХ, t*nt'aSKLJt^-td'^04b*‘»c/b5:t'©^L, г:©а/г^ХФ7Еой5Я
V'*», t %R|>-C, (Wft'J'tBUft
^Г, KSM 5Вк©^й*‘< Ъ i) igt'X, isL'S
ft-C', Ф7Е©ЙкЖс©Ъ4>Й^-Й£А£*0,£(с®^б AS. O-hJJ.F. Veld-
kamp ii^-7 tvoS^B'C* A. valvata Steud. П9 4 7'Ш^^АоН, -EiiZi't / a
Lfcdtot, ±#ft=^dsgS©^Sfc-V-v* ***©^«i L7c©^«>, tit
57g p. 96, 1982).
Perennial growing on moist soil of mountainous regions of southern half of Japan, without
rhizome. Culms somewhat tufted, 40-70 cm tall; leaf-blades flat, 7-15 cmX2-5 mm, with
ligules 1-3 mm tall. Panicle 7-15 cm long, loose, with 3-7 branches per node. Spikelets 2.5-3
mm long, light-green, often tinged with purple; glumes persistent, subequal, lanceolate.
1-nerved; floret a little longer than the glumes; lemmas membranous, 3 to 5-nerved, involute
enclosing stamens and pistil; palea minute, barely seen. Anthers 0.7-1 mm long. Chromosome
number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Uncommon; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). REFER. Clayton(1986J:
134-135. Veldkamp(1982): 96. Tateoka(1985b): 33-40.
308
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
V.29, V.22
309
BAKE-NUKABO[Jap/
Agrostis dimorpholemma Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55: 351(1941).
80cm. |t:3WbT?, Л $ 8- 15cm, S1.5-3mm, $ l-2mm. РЖТ№'*Д 3 5-15
cm.
^tX, 2-2.5rnm, 1 <Ь7Ей*£>э£ !>, StO
292)^^o < 07сй>, /J'SfiK. 2 ®£> о t,
ot, йх1Ч©£йЧК#Т*Дт?тк1Дй*. *e©'Hfi©^mfi£ 1.6mm, 5-Г1'ЖЯтдал 3
ЖйЗ£>0, <%№, ЖЖ?). WE©'J'»cOiW
Й< НФй^т^ЖоШ, 3-4mm, nO!l©»tt®©:5fe^b-fm
tXUJL, ^©T^tSSlCtttH'1.5mm.
(TEW 7-8л. w) *жж?л1Д, мд), лжмд, ±#д). ^7'ж*шт^11шж
(1я)Ж<7>*'Г) <hW-W£©4©iЖ^©4 ©й>®±, W^©4©Я^оТ^ЙК.titЪГ£&&)*ЬЪЫ.
ЯЪ, же© % ©«Ш^ё-?£>£. О-h) ®Ш-сЛЙЖ^Ж©ШЖ(1930^ 7 Л)£4
й'^^О-сЫ^Ш^й^хй^й:й>, £ШШЯ F^SgW©ffiWJ (1980)t'fR)№=#^H
1983^ГИ^|й|ДФЯТ|зРЗ-С- 21@№(вешж,жй), t ЙсЛ#®ФШ
®ШЖ©1Е* 4 г©й©МДЖ©4©£1 <-^*СНШ®М). А
5 £1'о-0'£йЧ зЖ^-f хЕ|Ж/хИ15
й5ЛЧГИ1ДШ^«^] 19883MR р. 83).
Perennial growing in meadows and low grassland. Culms 50-80 cm tall, erect; leaf-blades!
-15 cm x 1.5-3 mm; sheaths smooth, with ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle 5-15 cm long, very loose,
with spikelets only on the upper halves of branches. Spikelets light-green to purplish, 2-2j
mm long, clearly dimorphic, with awned and awnless ones on the same branch; awnless
lemma membranous-hyalin, 3-nerved glabrous; and awned lemma with midrib exserted from
near the base into a smooth awn 3-4 mm long, long hairy on the basal part and on callus
Anthers 1.5 mm long.
DISTR. Described on the specimen collected at Hakone in Honshu (holotype in KYOs.n.1.
but later it was found in Izu and also in northern Kyushu (Pref. Fukuoka and Oita). Though
J. Ohwi supposed its hybrid origin, both parents being unknown, it seems better to omitxit
its name.
Fa & Fu: 4ftz£ fc<±M£O'J'TE Awned & awnless Floret
La & Lu: #£:£ fctiMrfOiOi Awned & awnless Lemma
Sa & Su: * fclt&tifO'J'SB Awned & awnless Spikelet
310
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
ГЖИЮАМФ vn.ii
311
t п?> / □ 5 р'у- HlROHA-NO-KONUKAGUSA[Japi'
Neoaulacolepis treutleri (Kuntze) Rausch, var. japonica (Hack.) Osada comb, nov —
Aulacolepis japonica Hack(1906).-A. treutleri (Kuntze) Hack. var. japonica (Hack.)Ohwi
(1941).
•Д$ 20-30cm, Iffi 10-22mm, i®iffi<h 4 iW
2-5mm. io-зосш, r
< ft$2-5mm. 3.5mm
л mu <, 11 £ tn з ж, ж—атя-'айоаад, ftm i ti i), ш
ойаоТ,
WWfe, 'MtfcfcbH, 3.5mm, 5MU, < , Ф»1Я < Й1
еШ^£^ИД, ЙЙ-Г* 2|$Ы:,
(Теда) 7-8 л. (яяю (й««
< ttfibicoi't, h, 'bWiRfcO, $
*ШЖ-С'Ь;Щ; b t < кМ—b х*;КД£<0Кй4
IHStijTx < , 10-22mm. (У— 1) W. D. Clayton (1986) fc I Hif, E. Hackel Aii-
lacolepis (1906) К.Я Ettingsh AW'Stt^©'(tS<'^old’7c)tfjjg(5|J© % OKolj- J: b 'Srt'RI^
й‘*?>(1893)©-СЯ1'1Ыгй1\ 5>^©®R3kJtfL, ЙЙ(1989)о»в-е Clayton ii
Neoaulacolepis treutleri (Kuntze) Rausch. ^rf0$.zr<Sitfc. Neoaulacolepis li S.Rau>
chert &• Aulacolepis 1сй»Ъ?> % © i bt “Taxon” 31^(1982)К^й Е7с^тЖ^т?^>^>.
var. treutleri It ФДЛЙЖпЕ, -f'/KSt, 'МЙЛ‘4'$<, ft $ 2.5-3mm Xilt
t' 5.
Perennial growing in deep forests. Culms soft, attaining 1 m tall or more; leaf-blades Ha
narrowly lanceolate to linear, tapering toward both ends, 20-30 cm X10-22 mm, very rough я
both surfaces; ligules 2-5 mm tall. Panicle large, erect, 10-30 cm long; branches semivertid
late, very rough, with loose spikelets appressed to branchlets. Spikelets about 3.5 mm long,
green, 1-flowered; glumes unequal, far shorter than spikelets; lower glume 1-1.5 mm, upper?-
2.5 mm long; lemma green, papillose on surface, 5-nerved; the midrib and marginal nerve
very thick, the intermediate nerves faint and short; palea as long as lemma, with 2 ven
closely parallel nerves and not keeled. Anthers 1.2 mm long.
DISTR. Endemic to w. to c. Honshu, very rare. The typical phase occurs in Taiwan,Chines
Continent, India etc. NOTE W. D. Clayton says in his letter (1989), Aulacolepis Hack, is at
illegitimate later homonym of Aulacolepis Ettingsh.; a name given to a fossil conifer. REFER
Clayton(1986): 135-136. Hsu(1974): 305-306.
312
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
S: ШдШЗДШгЙ11| УШ.20, И|ШВЙШЙ VIII. 8
313
YAMA-AWA[Jap.] Wood small-reed, Rush GRASsfEng.]
Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 1:34 (1788).-Arundo epigeios L.
(1753).
0.6-1.7m, ЙСХГЖЙ, Ittti
$ 20-50cm, Ш 5-12mm, Й® i % 3-8mm. 10-30cm, ЖЙ, W
4Ьт^<о4'Й^Ц, Otcitg
^х.£(т-©Ж t>i'<
JMSUftS 5.5-8mm, t 2® i %ФЙ4й
гл,г’|^Д, )£№©.£ ttb, Ш, t (ME©»}
^^©1/2йгй, 5-П'Ш?, йй-сЗШЯй^О, 1вв»г©егь
tftlKtH-r. WOUt/С<Е*[й)Ж, ИЙ. feL^H31@, ^ti<$2mrn.
4, <^©й$ИФ7Е©2^й<^/х?>. $ffeW2n=28, 42, 56.
(7EW 7-9 Л. Ml -4UO, *Я1, ИВ, ЛЯ ^^5. ЛФ«©®^1Д < (1§)£<т)
b, ^и«©Ш^адв< т», 'Hgiil'KE,
ешю, Ж^©-=ёйЧ'ТЕ© 2f&rt7x^ei i/xt*^^x?^^>. (у-Ц 0*«аШ©Ж©1
N. N. Tsvelev(1976)li7;iliBf*l/Dib 5 I-, %© 5 t>© subsp. extremiorientalis, glomerata,
epigeios © 3 lKf©$?ftb £ Lx: 0Ж4^>1Тх:1'?>. ®©$^§й!с.£ £ £ £Ш©И© % ©(-i^SU-W
4Й1\
Perennial in grassland, with long creeping rhizomes. Culms tufted, erect, 2 to 3-noded, 0.6-
1.7 m tall; leaf-blades 20-50 cm x 5-12 mm, rough on both surfaces; ligules conspicuous, 3S
mm tall. Panicle erect; branches erect-divergent at anthesis, and before and after anthesis
erect and appressed to rachis, bearing dense spikelets. Spikelets 5.5-8 mm long; glumes equal,
linear-lanceolate with long attenuate apices. Lemma under 1/2 as long as glumes,
membranous-hyaline, 3-nerved, with a short awn arising from above the mid-point; palea
slightly shorter than lemma, 2-keeled. Callus-hairs distinct, about 2 times as long as lemma.
Stamens 3; anthers 2 mm long. Rachilla extension absent. Chromosome number 2n=28,42.56.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widespread in the temper-
ate regions of N. Hemisphere. REFER. Clayton (1986): 135...He says “Calamagrostis is variable
and is sometimes divided into three genera: Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia and Aniselytron (=
Aulacolepis'). However, the characters supposedly separating Calamagrostis and Deyeuxia laH
so often that the distinction is untenable at generic level”. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 316. Hubbard
(1984): 283.
316
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
Ш:Ш«ЖЙЖК® Vffl.19
317
Ь 'У if 'V HoSSUGAYA, ToSHIMAGAYAfJap.]
Calamagrostis pseudophragmites (Haller fil.) Koeler, Desc. Gram.: 106(1802).-----Arundo
pseudophragmites Haller 61.(1797).----A. glauca Bieb.(1808).----C. laxa Host(1809).—C.
glauca (Bieb.) Trin.(1837).
1-1.5m, fMSJ 10-30cm, ЙЗ-Эшт,
(EISP). STSiiiWS 3 - 9mm. TEtftiftS 20-30cm, »£<«
£<©/ЖШ, »'ЯШЙ6о1Ш«±о$)оЛ
ъ, даi>),
9mm, Ш, M-W4-5nt3^i4 8Й1ШЙЯ, *^HM-^©l/2JUT-Catf2.5E.
ЗЖ, ^41^<2^Lt, l-2mm©B*bfc^ttiS. l*)gmiOUb®<,
1.3mm. Й-=ёИФ7Е©2Ш±^Ь, ^-•^-^ОфГвЕ1©Д$й^5>. &feft412n=28, 42,56.
(7ЕМЙ17-9Я. (#Ф) «it,
Sg6tW>fi:<, 6 - 9mm
lomMftV'ttftfwatn. (7-и вж^и, ®efe©s^s/ct>, йптад?
<Й4В©Д l'5»f (Й9-r) t^ixU ®. N. N. Tsvelev(1976, 84)41 v ЙИЙй^ 4 W
5 t> subsp. dubia(^So^(-®4c^^®4, 15-40cm ~СУ1£ *) 3?) i subsp. pseudophragmites
(^©^®4Cd'JiJ£|7d«*>£> b, 7E)T4ift^ 10-25cm -CltKWt 41 <Ь)©Й*Ёt Lt B*^i>4fXV5.
Robust perennial on sandy to gravelly soil along rivers, with long rhizomes and stolons,
often making large community. Culms tufted, 1-1.5 m tall, thick and rigid; leaf-blades 10-34
cm x 3-9 mm, glaucous-green, very rough with minute spinules on both surfaces; ligules 3-S
mm tall. Panicle 20-30 cm long, nodding, purplish-tawny when young, silvery-white with
distinct callus-hairs at maturity. Spikelets 1-flowered; glumes distinctly unequal; the lower 6-
9 mm long, 1-nerved; the upper 4-5 mm long, 3-nerved. Lemma 2.5 mm long, membranous
hyalin, 3-nerved, minutely bifid at apex, with 1-2 mm long awn inserted beween the teeth;
callus-hairs very long, to 5 mm or more. Anthers 1.3 mm long. Rachilla extention absent
Chromosome number 2n = 28,42,56.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, c. to n. Honshu). Widespread in the temperate regions of
Eurasian Continent. REFER. Clayton(1986): 135-136. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 317-318. Edit. Tulin
(1980): 237.
318
SP: ИйпФ'ЬЯШ Spinules on leaf surface.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
s. wm VI.11
319
№ 7 Л"У Т" А Р IWA-NOGARIYASU, NEMUROGAYA[Jap.j
Calamagrostis langsdorffii (Link) Trin., Gram. Unifl. Spesquifl. Diss.: 225(1824).-Ажй
langsdorffii Link(1821).-C. canadensis (Michx.) Beauv.---C. purpurea (Trin.) Trin.
subsp. langsdorffii (Link) Tsvel.(1965).
80-120cm. $ 10-25cm, ЙЗ-
10mm, t <fcT®HV't>D?>L< Ж®ЛИ$4-10«и>, №
WfflfiWsg. TUfUftS 10-25cm,
3-5(tHfc6)mm, 1 d'TE*», RgfeifctWMiKI
fe. l-ЗЖ ^Й8й‘-r^c%£йЙ^cИV'fciicffll:4^^.
SWglM-t, 3/4, ftfi2g!L, 5Ж, ФЛЖ^ФЛЙ<
mxtHL, &Ш8£Ш£|ё|Д-С'И:й, й^^Ж©ш£2/3Д, КШ +
ТЕ©$®О^(Й-=ё)ИФТЕ i Ifcfeftii 2n=28, 48, 56, 59.
(TEW 7-9 Я. (ЯЯ« «й, ИЙ. W, ФВ, ^’J7, 3-p.7z<. (|SJ£0^J ®|
(у-I) N. N. Tsvelev(1976, 86)ti, 4
v /if) C. purpurea ©MUigfe, 0 иШЖШ11
6mm, JWUfe, 2.5-4.5mm)Ofi;W- subsp. langsdorffii(3l#lifg 4-10mm, RBfe, 'ЬЙ1Ш
3 - 6mm), subsp. barbata( ни 1Ш1^©&й^#£^^©Й|5п151с|1;3=;й> £>&)#&£ i I' 5.
0 © 4 <D fi subsp. barbata G. C. S. Clarke(1980) 4 d v / if ) V x C. purpurea ©Mi
£££И|§Ю.-СЙ>£Л‘, ЙО5Е®
Perennial in alpine to subalpine grassland. Culms tufted, erect, 80-120 cm tall; leaf blades
10-25 cm X 3-10 mm, glaucous-green and rough on both surfaces; ligules 4-10 mm tall,
membranous, pale-ferruginous, rough on back with minute hairs. Panicle 10-25 cm long,
nodding; branches divergent, very rough, bearing many spikelets. Spikelets 1-flowered, 3-5
mm long, pale-green to dull-purple; glumes equal, 1 to 3-nerved, distinctly rough on back with
minute acicular hairs (fig. HA), not closed after anthesis. Lemma membranous-hyalin, about
3/4 as long as glumes, 5-nerved; awn arising near mid point of lemma, erect, not exserted:
palea shorter than lemma; callus hairs as long as lemma. Rhachilla extention long. Chronic
some number 2n=28, 42, 56, 59.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku), Korea, China, Siberia, Europe. NOTE. C.
langsdorffii in Japan must be an infraspecific taxa of C. purpurea. However, before refering
to this species, we have to study more details of Japanese plants. REFER. Clayton(1986): 135-
136. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 314-315. Edit. Tutin(1980): 238. Tateoka(1976): 101-102,106,110.
320
HA: 'SStitd-bO'J'ikW Aciculate hairs on the glume.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
x8
f. |1|Я®Ж±Ц1*>-ФЙ VIII.24, «й+^/т/КйВГ VII. 12
321
CHISHIMA-GARIYASufJapJ
Calamagrostis neglecta (Ehrh.) Gaertn., Mey. et Schreb. var. aculeolata (Hack.) Miyabe
et Kudo, Journ. Fac. Agr. Hokkaido Univ. 26:140(1931).-C. stricta Trin. var. aculeokli
Hack.(1899).--C. aculeolata (Hack.) Ohwi(1933).
40-ЮОот. Ш
10-20cm, Ш 2 - 5mm, ¥fctt|W^V'-C, ±®tt»g, Ф1ИШо ~C 3
Sfi, 2-4mm, Й6, RffiE?
ж$7-1бст, ж*, тевеклижьйл'. 3-4.5м, к
-ГЙ^<, 5Ж, ФдайН*010Ф*ЙП !)^Тй‘^®Ко£Жи »±ЛЗ 3mm йШЖ
i±#uq±|$Zi:V'. 2/3-4/5. ШШ
2mm, &fe#tt2n=84.
(ТЕМ) 8-9Л. (tfffi) *М«ЗЕШ, ЖЖ, В^Ш), ill. t-!>7, Ш
ж mm) < wo&m фшгй
O-C^ipot, ЖЕВЖ5 -£, fi*L-c*g©Ri'TW, 4О№Ж&1'в ±®й^Ъо<М
Й&М^оЖ$й<Ь'йМШ-С£*. (/-Н N.N.Tsvelev(1976,84)11, + v У ftA> С IB® SMC
aculeolata(Hack.)Ohwi О 9 -f 7’^$яИ”С^?)й', ЖпБ7->7© С. neglecta ft®О subsp. inex-
pansa(A. Gray)Tsvel. £ £ 5 £ t'o”Ct'£. t£^=f--y-r if 9 +л£э-
p у '^GsS® $ h-fc C. stricta - Arundo stricta Timm(1795)£®—Я£^.^^ЛйхЯ^й^0, C.E
Hubbard G. C. S. Clarke 4> C. neglecta & C. stricta (Timm) Koeler £ L”CV'?>.
H Д L 2> ?> -
Perennial in high moors, with long rhizomes or stolons. Culms erect, 40-100 cm tall; leal
blades 10-20 cm x 2-5 mm, flat or inrolled, rough and glaucous above, green and smooi
beneath; ligules papery, white, smooth on back. Panicle 7-16 cm long, erect; branches ven
rough, erect to erect-divergent. Spikelets usually tinged with dark violet, 3-4.5 mm long
glumes subequal, as long as spikelet, rough with scattered minute spinules. Lemma slightly
shorter than glumes, membranous, 5-nerved; midnerve protruded into a dorsal awn under mid
point; awn about 3 mm long, not exserted the spikelet; palea shorter than lemma. Callus hairs
2/3-4/5 as long as lemma. After anthesis the glumes tightly closed. Chromosome number 2n=
84.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Hokkaido, c. to n. Honshu), Korea, Kurils, Sakhalin. REFER. Claytoa
(1986): 135-136. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 310. Edit. Tutin(1980): 238. Hubbard(1984): 279. Tateoka
(1976): 106.
322
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <^=РУ±4®НЛ7ЯД¥Я
« VII.20
323
KlRISHIMA-NOGARIYASU [Jap.'
Calamagrostis autumnalis Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39:18(1925).-C. kirishimensis Honda
(1928).
Я? 20-бОсш. 7-25®.
ШЗ-lOmm, ЁШ6, £Щ*±1Й1М£<. 1Ш.1
©Жй*^Ж Lt § £t>, tM-IF £ ft *), - £©W®£tftt£ ttct if ЬЪ&Мьъ.
г 1 - 2mm. FTO№M *S5-15cm, W©W8H£UW. 4'WifiS4-5E.
id^E^ft'), ШФЙ£ЙЛ. ВИ2
Ф№«©ТШ'Ь1Ж££Ъ-СоШ. ^«Х^^гИ:<ЬЛ^г’|н|Л, ^©ЖйШ
г*1\ йтгши, Azг*гал-е, (smut1/2д. м
Йадгг-Зшш. 2.5-3mm. &feW 2n = 28.
(7ЕЯЯ) 8-ЮЛ. M) /МН(№ЬЙ), ЛЛКЛЖШ, НЙШ, ®ЙШ). ЛЖ©»»8
§£о<^'Ж#£*©±®к^ЖФ££<©ЖЖ, ТЕ^оФФй’ЬК’Ь^tAzi^i#, О®
г^оогга^ж-г, Ф^^и#схжг-г, $^«(©1/2*, fi*L<-r^^©fti'Pjo
fiF1£ Eti^^k. (7— b) ЙЯ7 var. microtis(Ohwi)Ohwi (Т)еЖШ©!1ФЙ='С,
maummm 7E^oKfi$'e>^<©t'^w-e>ns. ifcmao^ow
x. £ t Ф->7 Л* ) -V я C. insularis Honda £ «t tX, КйОФ-5ЙЙ? i £> £.
Pernnial in volcanic desert with creeping rhizomes. Culms 20-60 cm tall; leaf-blades 7-3
cm X 3-10 mm, broadest and auriculate at base, glaucous-green, very thick, involute whet
dried; nerves distinctly prominent above; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle erect, 5-15 cm long
branches erect, smooth, bearing densely clustered spikelets. Spikelets 4-5 mm long, whitish
green to purplish, 1-flowered; glumes subequal, 1 to 3-nerved. Lemma slightly shorter than
glumes, 5-nerved; midnerve protruded into a dorsal awn from the basal portion, not exserted
the spikelet. Palea slightly shorter than lemma; keels nearly smooth. Anthers 2-3 mm long
Grains 2.5-3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Endemic to volcanic desert of Kyushu and Izu Islands. Var. microtis (Ohwi) Ohs:
is endemic to Mt. Kuzyu in Kyushu, which is different from the typical phase by the nearly
non-auriculate base and rough branches of panicles. The plant in Izu Islands is called C
insularis Honda, but many are of the opinions of conspecific species. REFER. Clayton(198£
135-136. Koyama(1987): 185.
324
POOIDEAE AVENEAE < я Я
МО
хЗ
GR
х8
irMfimiii+ft х.зо
325
Л'7 7 7?" 9 MuTSU-NOGARIYASU[Jap.]
Calamagrostis matsumurae Maxim., Melang. Biol. 12:932 (1886).
»Ь©ЯШ, Я § 50- 120cm, 4 - 5
<?, иж©№©а^й-«ж<, i <♦£«&!**<t, =aw»©HnKmw. н
дгю-»
cm, ИЗ -8mm, 6&fe, 3 2 - Tn,
Sfe. FWTE/ШЛ*, Д3 7-15СШ, KtiS’boi't, й&МШt'J'li'n
<. ФМД?Й4и, I'l'Kfrbts;»), «fe, Ui'Ui'&feKi&t S. ®^1Х»^1Ч®ЙЛ, Ж
ЙД, 1 5 3 Ж^ % О. gmw J: •) Ъ-П>КЖ < , КЙЙМ, *>* LWUtf«И(ДНН®Т?Ш
fat < , ЗЖ^&ййъ ЗЖ^ЗЫй^-Йг-Г, »Vxl\ 2ffi
&$><), Ж©Т<'^£?>. Й^ХД^йМО© 1/2-1/3. йад?2и. &&<Ш2п=28.
(7ЕЖЯ) 6-7 Л. (Ж) 0$ЙЙ. Ж«!^©Я111, UUife. f> 4 7£1ШтШ£. (ШЁ©*'?) Sol
^©ШТК^Ь^ЗЖ, 0*©/#Н
xjgt, ^-©Й35й^^©^>?> t> ©tX, tiMcttfi Я* / # D -Vx(^K)fcVtX*H
***/*• у^fcti5 «лизЖй^^хЖ^Ж^Ь, 7-
H A7/№+xttl880^, ₽->7©tt^
C. J. Maximowicz frr.<£ Oifflii i ©. i ©Ж©Ф<'^ДЙ.©Я?Я i I'X. J: 5.
Perennial growing on alpine to mountainous regions of northern Honshu, with short
rhizomes. Culms 50-120 cm tall, thickened toward base; the base covered with overlapping,
coriaceous scaly leaves; leaf-blades flat, 10-30 cm X 3-8 mm, rough; sheaths glabrous, with
ligules 2-7 mm tall. Panicle erect, 7-15 cm long; branches semiverticillate, very scabrous with
long spinules, bearing many spikelets from base to apex. Spikelets about 4 mm long; glumes
equal in size, lanceolate, 1 and 3-nerved; lemma scarcely shorter than glumes, membranous-
hyalin, oblong when flattened, 3-nerved, awnless; palea as long as lemma, 2-nerved vanishing
under apex. Callus-hairs 1/2-1/3 as long as lemma. Anthers 2 mm long. Chromosome number
2n=28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Rare; northern Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 135-136. Key to
Calamagrostis spp.... Ohwi(1965): 144. Koyama(1987): 175-176.
326
POOIDEAE AVENEAE 4Уз'У+ЖНпУАО
8 : О®.(ШП.1 VRI. 7, VBI. 3
327
/J" 7 # V 'V' TAKANE-NOGARIYASU, ONOE-GARIYASU[Japj
Calamagrostis sachalinensis Fr. Schm., Mem. Acad. Sci. Petersb., ser. 7, 12 (2): 202(1868)
---C. inaequiglumis Hack.(1899).-C. variiglumis Takeda(1910).
ig$ 30-60cm. XWmSfioW
(0 SOJCfcfcbHfc. fW? Ю-ЗОсш, ЙЗ-бтш,
1-1.5mm. РШТЕШХД $ 3-10cm ti f-СЙЙ, g[5 Г L Г 2-6
KfiT# 1/3 й'<Ж, 1^2/ЗГЙК:фЙ^оЦ5. 'hWiS£ 3.5-5mm, PHtli
Zeb, ^fe-Ct М-®ЙОй5й5Ц<Х1Кт
JiWiUiXliWrftW1£< t)6'>D, 4>^JROftR
®1'2Жй^?>. етиКЯйМ-С'5Ж, ЗЛг^ЗЖ^Ъ, Ф£ЖШЙ©ТФ35,
6W®ro£Hib, t^-K'Zx^tZcS. irtZci\ £€('M®
1/2-2/3 < e>l\ 2n=28, 42, 56.
С7ЕЯВЗ 8-9Я. (Ж) «О, *!ШС1Ь-ФЖ>, HBGB&lW. ФЙ,
Фига, н у >. (i^<7>*'£) йшф. -cftflws,
B8i©M*i5 3 Zcii3-сшейU 1Шое^4ЧЙ#МФсХН1£-Г, ufl
л7 у #у t*<, ^шхзм-с, т^йЖТ^ъ^-да'>й<, 1e
tills £ 2-7mm-C^>2>.
Perennial growing in alpine region, with short rhizomes. Culms slender, tufted, 30-60 cm
tall; their bases enclosed by pale-ochraceous, thick and glossy scaly leaves (fig. SC); leal-
blades 10-30 cm X3-6 mm, rough above, smooth and lustrous beneath, with ligules 1-1.5пк
tall. Panicle erect, 3-10 cm long; branches semiverticillate, scabrous, with clustered spikelets
on the upper 2/3. Spikelets 3.5-5 mm long, 1-flowered; lower glume a little longer than tte
upper and its caudate apex often curved outward before anthesis. Lemma 3 or 5-nerved, with
a straight awn arising from its basal portion; awn not exserted the spikelet; the apex oi
lemma irregularly dentate; palea slightly shorter than lemma. Callus-hairs 1/2-2/3 length ol
lemma. Chromosome number 2n=28, 42, 56.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu, Shikoku), Kurils, Sakhalin, Kam-
chatka, n. China. REFER. Clayton(1986): 155-156. Tateoka(1972): 461-473. Tsvelev (M
84): 312.
328
AP: Apex of leirant
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
vn.24, VII.25
329
Е / J У Y X HlME-NOGARIYASu[Jap/
Calamagrostis hakonensis Franch. et Savat., Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 599(1879).
и-ювш tfttau, эш-с&ьи&о, и
Я£ 30-70ст. 7-30cm, <S3-8mm, ЗШЙ < X' X СП, I
$ 1-1.5mm, Az
FWEffli-ДЗ 5-15cm, £< ОФ&йЧ’Ф* If ЬПШо<, 'M
ад$4-5тт, ЗШ6, ttLW'ibS. Д $ li'J'MC.
ж-'аят ^жь^^гал-сб^ьъ, igwm ф*»п®т
^^ibWffire^Xxot’ottBL, £Ш, £
sglt'KEt«&1ЧЛ, m*3 2nunftfl-. 2n=28, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 73.
Ml 7-10Л. (Ж) ЛЙЖ *Я ИН, ЛЯ ^-')>, ФНЛоБ. H/i#S
^жлиж^аш, Р. A. L. Savatter Ш£. пD,
ffi< (/-к
iSUlttW»\ 0*£
±ГЪЛг^-ГЛо J Zx^Oti-V-vT 7, /*'Н7, Е л 7 Л* У Тл© 3fii^x.< JtV\ /tfimn
^»'05ffSl-1.5m, m<X/JW?^Hib, £< ед£1'3£йГ11£Л.
Perennial in temperate forests, especially on shady rocks along the valley, with short
rhizomes. Culms slender, ca. 1 mm in diam. near the base, densely tufted, 30-70 cm tall.
Leaf-blades flat, 7-30 cm X 3-8 mm, rounded-auricled and short-hairy at the mouth of sheath
(fig. MO); ligules 1-1.5 mm tall. Panicle 5-15 cm long; branches 2-5 clustered per node, with
many spikelets. Spikelets 4-5 mm, yellowish-green or tawny, sometimes tinged with purple,
somewhat glossy. Glumes subequal, as long as spikelet; lemma nearly as long, membranous
hyalin, 5-nerved; midnerve protruding into a dorsal awn near the base; awn straight, erect
shorter than lemma, rarely nearly absent. Callus-hairs as long as lemma. Anthers about 2 mm
long. Chromosome number 2n=28, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 73 (Tateoka, 1984).
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), n. China, Kurils, Sakhalin,
Kamchatka. REFER. Clayton(1986): 135-136. Tateoka(1968): 293-298,(1984): 247-270.
330
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f
xO. 82
«. ИЮЖ1ИЯ!Я5ЛЙИ VII. 12
331
t 9 Л*Х HlNA-GARIYASU[Jap.]
Calamagrostis nana Takeda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 24: 37(1910).-C. deschampsioides Trin. var.
папа (Takeda) Takeda(1912).----C. deschampsioides of Japanese authors, not Trin.
20-40cm, J
гй<к
10-30cm, Iffil.5-3mm, fcMrtflllcSl'Xg 1 - 2mm i Zc Z>. «ЯШМ,
«SkiffiS 1 - 2mm. fWlWiifi*, AS 5-12cm, 2 - 6 t i <>«.
d'SSH^fe, ittc^efe, AS 4-4.5mm, < t&<), W
WWWbb. ftfi4££ic2S!, ФЛМ^МЙоФЖТ
©iti^>X'W0iit-otaiL, »Ш<, ФЙ©Я-*тЯФгХкВ-Гг itt*i\ :fcL-<ti3fi, Й
lift£2mm&b. (2£^ i X£№il, 1/3-1/2&9.
2n=28.
(Ш7-8Л. [Ж] *ffl(4t-40^111». (Шёюй'Ми
£©/J<©/#У ТлД-С, »^ii40cmUT, ^d'Wo^UiWffiS-r, fttIKTW
X t(7—h) t 7* У -У C. deschampsioides K-St
ibHXl'fcds *> -? r i 0M
С. папа l'£. f77+tt^ytx subsp. hayachinensis(Ohwi)Tateoka fWf®
&ффшйй'>£6^< t©t',
Perennial growing on alpine zerophilic soil, with long creeping rhizomes. Culms 20-40 cm
tall; their basal portion are covered by thin scaly leaf-sheaths or by their decayed fibers; most
leaves clustered near the foot of plant, and a few on the culms; leaf-blades 10-30 cm x 1.5-3
mm, inrolled into capillary tubes when dried. Panicle erect, 5-12 cm long, loose, with smooth
branches and pedicels. Spikelets 4-4.5 mm long, 1-flowered; glumes subequal in size, 1 and
3-nerved respectively; lemma nearly as long as glumes, shallowly bifid at apex, 5-nerved, with
a short straight awn included. Anthers 2 mm or so. Callus-hairs 1/3-1/2 as long as lemma.
Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japanese alpine regions. NOTE From central Honshu 2 subspecieshave
been described: subsp. hayackinensis (Ohwi) Tateoka and subsp. ohminensis Tateoka. These
subspecies both with rough pedicels and longer awns than the typical phase. REFER. Tateoka
(1973): 45-60. Tateoka(1982): 1-13. Takeda(1910): 111-113.
332
AP: Apex of lemma. TS: Й!#jfi Transverse section of leaf-blade.
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
ГША^ЖШ# VII.25
333
Kanitsuri-nogariyasu [Jap(
Calamagrostis fauriei Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7:653(1899) & ser. 2, 4:523(1904).—A
cistrochloa fauriei (Hack.) Honda(1936).
ffi$ 40-60cm. flii
ft£ 5-25cm, ffi2-4mm-CKHM<, t, < , «ffiti&feX'ftjRm
0.3-lmm. 8-15®,
2 -Mbit, ФЖ^-Г tlUJfc < ОЦ, •> У Trisetum LI
Фйад^ 5-7rnm, 1 ФТЕй» ЬК >), ШЙ&it fc.
lfcitX3M. Ю1ШЗОВД, ш£|й|Д:,
X, ФЙ©;5$*-СД< WhHL, &ФХ#тПЙ^ D, ФФЖ1Ж© 4 ШНШ E
LX®=£iTx?>. S^oftSfi^o 1/4-1/3X, coit LXli®A\
fflRE)«W Ш%й>)сД<, ФЖЯ-МФи'Ж’ГоХ, 1?>Х'ФЖ1-2®©Дгй‘^>?><1 5КШ
2n=28.
стеяя) 6-8я. (w *л1«йе. w 7^Ш1ШйЯ111. (isisn*?:
«i/Vi’-rtraofcl'ft#, ФЖ©^*Х'4ФЖФ;5Д££ФЙ1?&& Ю©Д$© 1/31МШ&
©4M*i'^#®i-r^>. хМВ^Й^Ф’П'Ь*'/ *'P Хл(р.340№, Ф»^®Й^£ЙЧСШ<, I
МЙ©^© 4 1 6 И5Й‘ПЙ1'©-С, BfJM'tcOJX'tfc. ') /-ttJgttW
2-зФ^й»е>^^.
Perennial growing on rocky cliffs or grassy slopes in the mountainous regions along the
Japan-Sea. Culms tufted, erect, 40-60 cm tall; leaf-blades 5-25 cm x 2-4 mm, glaucous-green
and rough above, green and smooth beneath, often inrolled when dried; sheaths smooth, with
inconspicuous ligules 0.3-1 mm tall. Panicle 8-15 cm long, with rather short scabrous
branches bearing dense spikelets. Spikelets 5-7 mm long, 1-flowered, pale-green, often tinged
with purple; glumes equal, as long as spikelet, lanceolate, 1 to 3-nerved; lemma slightly
shorter than glumes, 5-nerved; the dorsal awn arising near the apex, geniculate, 2-3 times as
long as spikelet, the lateral nerves also excurrent into straight awn at apex; palea nearly as
long as lemma; the rachilla also prolonged into a long, straight bristle far exserting the
spikelet. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Rare; n. to c. Honshu, along the Japan-Sea). REFER. Honda
(1936): 18-19. Key to Calamagrostis spp.... Ohwi(1965): 144. Koyama(1987): 175-176.Clayton
(1986): 135-136.
334
RE: 'Ьй:й£е Rachilla extension
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
S’.SiWSW^TfflH VI. 7
335
5 7 Л" У *V X MlYAMA-NOGARIYASU[JapJ
Calamagrostis sesquiflora (Trin.) Tsvel., Arkt. Fl. SSSR 2:71(1964).------Trisetum sesqui
florum Trin.(1836).-----Avena sesquiflora (Trin.) Griseb.(1852).-----C. purpurascens ol
authors, not R. Br.
й$10-40ст, 30cm ЫШ, $±<0i
©BtliftS 3-10cm, Ш2-51ШП, ^76^, 1.5-3mm. FWEtfUftS 4-8cm, It
b, №<U»m, «ЖНйШб.
ft£ 5-lOmrn, 1Ф?Ей‘Ь/х0, 'SimPO £ £ Rft,
ЯЪ. ЮИ'й&МйJ; bSi<, 5Ж ФЛМ^МйоФЛ:®! bT^^WSiraix^i/ci?,
1СПХ<О?»СЙЙ'>!>, ^o^tft<otH!t. flgti
Igm-frW, i^tifts ЗииШТ. $-^tM4E©OHMX®<, <MffiX'tim£©ft$o:fcll
1/5-1/3. 1/3 ДТ. 2n=28.
(7EMS) 7-8 Я. (#fi) «Ж, U. ФЯ^®, M^ + 7*, -У^У/, f
a, 7b~7t-/WM7O). й5шф. 'Nt
(ift£ 5-10mm X'l'NE, ЙЬ^Ж Wit? L 650Ж© ? T '' *
•7У, + У ft<FM£lXl'fc. (7-b) N.N. Tsvelev Г tit, В *Х Z. Ht X^lic^f
GHXl'fc С. purpurascens R. Br. О -)-/й'бвй® & ©X, 1 <'Ш1Х1'£й\ Ж©аИВКЖ£
ЙФ, /J<Hft$4-7mm, 20-60(-100)cm K-tz i1' *).
I'fc.
Small perennial in alpine regions. Culms densely tufted, 10-40 cm tall, with radical leaves
to 30 cm long; cauline leaf-blades 3-10 cm x 2-5 mm, glabrous; ligules 1.5-3 mm tall. Panicle
erect, 4-8 cm long, pale-green, usually tinged with purple, very dense, often spike-like with
short, erect branches. Spikelets 5-10 mm long, 1-flowered; glumes equal, as long as spikelet
long attenuate at apices, rather scabrous. Lemma shorter than glumes, 5-nerved, 4-toothed,
awn arising under mid-point of lemma, stout, twisted and geniculate, exserting the spikelet
Palea slightly shorter than lemma; callus-hairs to 1/5-1/3 as long as lemma; rachilla exten-
sion pilose, under 1/3 length of palea. Anthers to 3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=28
DISTR. Japan(Rare;n. to c. Honshu), n. China, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Kurils, Aleutians
REFER. Clayton(1986): 135-136. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 305. Tateoka(1976): 99-114.
336
АР: Apex of lemms
POODEAE AVENEAE <
S:ft&»A*g^gihJg VII.25, V1I.25
337
C>NI-NOGARIYASU[Jap.]
Calamagrostis gigas Takeda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 24: 43(1910).-C. alpicola Ohwi(1930).—
C. yezoensis Honda(1930).
WHS? 50-200СШ, 5-7й5*‘^>?>, 4mm kLtXUo
X, -o i 15-40cm, 5-12mm,
«it i, жт$'е>о<
3-5.ШП. FWEJ?li±t<, 12-ЗОсш, Ж*, Ш1Фйо£1Л,
tt.WSf>o£, ft^4-6mm, 14ЧЕй»е>и
5££^ЗЖ,
хш£®*, £3
Дг«^1М© 1/2-2/3. &fe#tt2n=28.
(7ЕЙЯ17-8Л. (Ж) «Ж, Ж!Ж(ДЖММЬ©Н*ЙЮ, 0*#Ж. 9 л /тшад
ЖЙЕВЛ^Ю. ^Й?Л<Х, £®Xtt&3-5mm,
ifiE < MHtS. ^ЙКИ£5СО 1 5/£±S©> ff9+Ag
ten, 7 7 *'У -t ^^n^feX'WW^), W
У -tx(^©S®n)tjR©^S 0 fefeb^, ^ПЗЖ, *=£)*5^?>.
A robust perennial. Culms 0.5-2 m tall, 5 to 7-noded, up to over 4 mm in diam. near base;
leaf-blades 15-40 cm x 5-12 mm, rough, flat, with long attenuate apices; usually furnished with
minute hairs on the upper parts of the sheaths, ligules 3-5 mm tall. Panicle large, 12-30ав
long, dense; branches semiverticillate and very rough. Spikelets 1-flowered, 4-6 mm long:
glumes equal, narrowly lanceolate, 1-nerved. Lemma a little shorter than glumes, with small
irregular teeth at apex, 3 or 5-nerved; awn arising from the lower portion of lemma, nearly
erect, slightly exserted the glumes. Callus hairs 1/2-1/3 as long as lemma. Chromosome
number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan; on mountainous regions of Hokkaido and northern half of
Honshu along the Japan-Sea. REFER. Clayton(1986): 135-136. Koyama(1987): 177. Tateoka
(1976): 99-114.
338
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
g: JtMfcSWSJW vn .25, 8f8ДЛ В S Vlll. 11
339
t J 9 'Y X HlGE-NOGARIYASU[Jap.]
Calamagrostis longiseta Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 650(1899) & Ser. 2, 4: 523(1904).
W4, ^^ 20-80cm, 1 - 3 Й5Л‘Ь* Ь, Й^«82к.
Ж Wfi 2 15-30cm, Й2-4ттХ-£<Ш$>;5<Й1Й1М££, ±®ЙШ&, UStig
$1-Зшт. 7-14СШ, £,
Ф-ФЙ^ФЙ^Н-*. 'J'WiftS 4 - 5тт, ФФЯЛЯ‘£ о t, 1'|Ф
bfcfc. ®т«й-|й|Д, Ж-'ЙМЙ^Ш, 3№, £Мс1Ш<#£&5.
£ tit Az^flSIA, В?Ж)8И, 1ШН <£«#£&б-г, 5Ш, ФЖМН^ЭоФЖШ W
±й‘Р>^£й-эТ{ф#Ж-Г. ^ИЛ$6-12шш, ФЙ©^«Т?Д< о^Ш1, &фт?Х ЕПИЙЬШ
Ме^оЖ^х.*, ^о5Ыс}141@©Й11'Шй^?>, Wtiffio+t-cfttf-ci'fc. ЙШ2-
2.5mm, X^(2£ffiiC}i^?>^)li^©ft$© 2/3-3/4. 2n = 28, 42.
ЮТ 7-9Я. (#Hi) fi»i6^Uffilcttih), am [1М<ЛЛ*?)
iWUCK^i^S. 4 -5mm O4'H, ^©ФШ^ФЖ-ЕЙй'М
iftot 'JWRcftfi, $ 6-12mm Х'ЙЙ I, ffi© 4 Ж 4ft tftH L t®=£ £ ft Ъ Z £ ft £W8t
-VA, teiiXB*WV'©Hi%JcKbHx^.P>n%* - у !» '#')?
*tf) ОЛ fi* KisS L t & S.
Perennial in mountainous to subalpine regions. Culms tufted, 20-80 cm tall, 1 to 3-noded
Leaf-blades 15-30 cm x 2-4 mm, usually with involute margins, glaucous-green above; sheaths
glabrous, smooth, with ligules 1-3 mm tall. Panicle 7-14 cm long, erect to slightly nodding
branches rough, semiverticillate, with dense spikelets. Spikelets 4-5 mm long, yellowish
green, often tinged with purple, glossy, 1-flowered; glumes equal, keeled; lemma nearly as long
as glumes, membranous-hyalin, 5-nerved, the lateral 4 nerves enter into narrow teeth at apex:
midnerve protruded on back into an awn above the mid-point of lemma; the awn 6-12 пк
long, twisted and geniculate, distinctly exserted the spikelet. Anthers 2-2.5 mm long. Callus-
hairs about 2/3-3/4 as long as lemma. Chromosome number 2n = 28, 42.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 135-136. Koyama(1987):lii
Tateoka(1976): 99-114.
340
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
g: lilOftfi IX. 4
341
У t У # У tX Он-HIGEGARIYASU, NAGA-HIGEGARIYASU[Japj
Calamagrostis longiseta Hack. var. longe-aristata (Takeda) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobol.
Kyoto 5:241(1936).-C. grandiseta Takeda var. longe-aristata Takeda(1910).
ty/ *'y i^iii^jcji^., £ 20-40crn, 7EJWJ'£<,
с? 0.5~2cm 7?, 'J'»i££®X <7 Ь-f t , &
5-бши, 2-2.5 -Г&:ЬЪ2№‘₽> 1/3-2/5
йЧ'ЪЕ-6 У 7 **у i £киХ±Жй< *‘₽>Ж?>).
(Ж) * d TWfeti&ffl(7-ЮОЖ
«X t у 7 Л' У -V Л 7 -У-7 7 у/ у -v л £ OjrfciKW^u^fTftoft. / л'У-w
^JC|S^ L t * 2> d's * * t У *• у -V л £ ОЙ1Ж Г о У' t Ji И t L t V' ft l \ *> b < W1 f'
^•|C^₽>Hft*‘oftfc»>t® / *'y ФЖй'Дг 5 - 6mm
-7 7 ** У J? 7. Ji 4mm 5Й 0 ) Ji®llftK$IJ,l$Xft 6 t ® 5 .
Alpine grass growing usually at higher altitude than the typical phase, and with culms 20-
40 cm tall and smaller panicles. Panicle-branches shorter, usually 0.5-2 cm long, with one «
few spikelets per branch. Spikelets larger, 5-6 mm in length, with awns inserted in the lowe
half of lemma, about 1/3-2/5 above the base, their length 2-2.5 times of the spikelets.
DISTR. Alpine regions of central to northern Honshu; rare. REFER. Clayton(1986): 135-1S.
Koyama(1987): 177.
342
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
g: UiSUJMt® IX. 1
343
Y AKUSHIMA-NOGARIYASU[JapJ
Calamagrostis masamunei Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 43:191(1929); T. Tateoka, Acta Phyto-
tax. Geobot. 33:346-354(1982).
ёЛЙОЙЙШЖШК 1,600-1,В$ 10-50C-60)
cm, Him* $ 5-15cm, Ш 1 - 2mm, 9 ft < , Ж®4*B $ 1mm Si’,
Wift$3-9cm, №<, /J'Wift $ 4moi £ !),
4<£iwift, Ж-'ЭтШ, Ж-^ttl tfctX3|R^%o. Hm^t^fiiwift-C, 5№ЬШ,
ун/зо^ьш^шит!), &tdws<#w.
1/2 ЙЯ-, WS
<, 2ЖШЙ#£&0, «'frfiTjf. mft$2mm. 2n=28.
ЮТ 7-8 Я. (Ж) SAB, #Ж. (|Й1£О*'Г) ёЛЙОЙ*Ё. ffB10-50cm, ^JgoSSK 1/5-1/3
ots^oftsfxoi© im. (у-н nssffi(i929)tm
Ж®0Шрпп(1922)Г1оЛ:%0-С, SB 13cm, 7EffiiftS3cm, ШО.5ст£2М,
Г#т<Н©1 (1М1ЙЙ^О&ЮМ'о-П'2>. Й
rami982)twB,
&£'^#ЕГ|-Й9<С^Й, SABBtfeotoiiffB lOcm^beOcmO’bOt-C-t-C-Cl^-a-C, ШШЛЛ
if, *'У тл
Small perennial on high altitude in Isl. Yakushima. Culms 10-50(-60) cm tall, withpanides
3-9 cm long. Closely allied to C. longiseta Hack, of Honshu, and whether they are separable
in species rank or not was not clear before T. Tateoka (1982). He clarified these two species
are separable on his scatter diagram based on the combination of two characters: callus-hair
length/lemma length (in C. masamunei 0.4-0.6, in C. longiseta 0.5-1.0), and distance from
lemma base to the point of awn insertion/lemma length (in C. masamunei 0.2-0.3, in C
longiseta 0.3-0.8). Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Isl. Yakushima in Kyushu). REFER. Tateoka(1982): 346-354
Clayton(1986): 135-136.
344
АР: Apex of lemon
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
S: Vffl. 7
345
TASHIRO-NOGARIYASu[jap.]
Calamagrostis tashiroi Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 44:570(1930); T. Tateoka, 1. c. 98:181-191
(1985).
й< 20-40cm,
ft^8-13cm, ffi 3-10mm, Й 5 t < , ¥₽>Х'4Мз, HWHU Ь ® < , Uplift £ 1.5mm. ПЙО»
X5-7cm, £₽>o£, 1 ШШ I
$ 4 - 6mm, Ш, 2.P
^тъ-Гй4с^<, Ш’>й<28, Sil
ЙЯ-fcl 1 - 4mm tB 6. <h Az 1в©^ИШ©% < , fllffiOU
li>< l/4-l/3ftt/x6. mX2.5-3min. 2n=28, 42.
ЮТ8-9Л. (Ж) Л1НЖЖЙВ~Жа5о^Ж. (1§1$<т)г
©Ioi)©t LtiXiО t %ФЗУ-С§§* L < , W #W>E
₽>H, Oi©S®a<U-H Ж-JW©»
®|8gW(1985)tX^;k^n©W©4oO& В
mWfti b® <, ФШЯ-1-Wffi t Lt <t р>£,
subsp. sikokiana(Ohwi)T. Tateoka t^^LXi'S. -> p / if У -V J: £>*-> у say^t.
1,200т1и±оУ±^1сй>о<111ЙО^1Ёё±^^£6О<-с^и, SliljO
O(-i^fcg±^W«LfcW^±f-lix., И 3 - 6mm, &Ж<*^1ч]>, £i«V'&t’©№
Uilt, ffffl C. onibitoana T. Tateoka к^Я Lt V'6.
Most gracile perennial among Japanese Calamagrostis, with slender rhizomes. Culms
usually solitary, unbranched, slender, 20-40 cm tall; leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, 8-13
cm x 3-10 mm, thin in texture, flat; leaf-sheaths shorter than the internodes. Panicle 5-7cm
long, loose, with 2-3 branches per node. Spikelets light-green, 4-6 mm long, with subequal
glumes; lemma a little shorter than glumes, shallowly bifid at apex; awn arising from near the
base of lemma, exserted the spikelet by 1-4 mm; lateral nerves weak, far shorter than lemma;
silky hairs on callus short and scanty on lemma side, 1/4-1/3 as long as lemma on lateral
sides. Anthers 2.5-3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28, 42.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (High altitudes mostly over 1200 m s. m. in s. Japan). NOTE).
Ohwi reported this species from Shikoku and Kyushu. T. Tateoka (1985) revised this group,
and found that population in Shikoku and that of Mt. Unzen in w. Kyushu are morphorogially
different from the typical C. tashiroi. They were disposed respectively as C. tashiroi subsp
sikokiana (Ohwi) T. Tateoka, stat, nov., and C. onibitoana T. Tateoka sp. nov. REFER.
Tateoka(1985): 181-191. Clayton(1986): 135-136.
346
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
3 vm.25
347
/ Л1" 9 Л*-X “Ф ф Ь #'-V No-GARIYASU, SAITOHGAYA[Jap.l
Calamagrostis brachytricha Steud., Synop. Gram.: 189(1854); T. Tateoka, Bull. Nation. Sci
Mus. Tokyo 12 (2): 286(1969).------C. arundinacea (L.) Roth var. brachytricha (Steud.) Hack
(1899).
Wki®*, Й2 0.5-1.5m, £9,
0 С/с%Ой'Р>Л< 20-60cm, 114-
12mm, t 7 Й* !) V А)Ш. Ж3^^2-5в
-ca^o. TWifi£ 10-50СШ, £, Ш<®'
г^<оФЙ«:оЦ5. д£4-6mm, 1/КЕй>₽>&*. itfca
ЗШкй^, ^Ж^я-C^tisift, 2 ifcti4S!, 5Г<й^,
Sit 7x0, ?ЕкШф-С.1 Ch, йй;о’СФОФФО;11;1. Ж
t, l/3ft< ₽>V'£S. feL^tiSIS, 2mm FW. 2n=42,
49, 56.
(TEW 8-10Я. (Ж) «it, ИВ, ЛЛ. taw, ФИ±й, St-^97. Hit
ЙШ. (1ё)йо*'^) (б11ю|^1ЁФ. cojgo®^n^o®6hfctod'‘4'<,
%О1Х*®О»й»К1}Хь л / #у -VZ, V-?7 7 7гЦ”С^>6. С О 2 ffi t % < ФЙЛ-КЖ
!Н£ЙЛ\ (7—Н С. arundinacea fiз - р->У 7>4iWi5it %|B|CJ: 5кМ
$ 11,^0 1/5-1/4 -С£>£(N.N.Tsvelev, 1976, 84). ЙэИЖ^(1969)44В*©/й'У + х£Й
&fiftl№28-C, X
3?ЛЛс£ Inti'S.
Perennial in sunny lowland or mountainous regions. Culms erect, 50-150 cm tall, leaf-blades
20-60 cm X 4-12 mm, glaucous-green above; ligules conspicuous, 2-5 mm tall. Panicle 10-50cm
long, erect to inclined; branches semiverticillate, rough with minute spinules. Spikelets
usually purplish, 4-5(-6) mm long, Lflowered; glumes subequal, as long as spikelet, 1 and
3-nerved. Lemma membranous hyalin, ovate-oblong, with 2 or 4 short teeth at apex, 5-nerved,
awned on back slightly above the base; awn long exserted the spikelet, torted and geniculate.
Palea as long as lemma. Callus-hairs distinctly unequal, very short and scanty on lemma side,
longer and about 1/3 as long as lemma on lateral and palea sides. Anthers about 2 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n=42, 49, 56.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, Chinese Continent.
Taiwan, Far East Siberia. REFER. Tateoka(1969): 273-289. Cl ay ton (1986): 135-136. Edit
Tutin(1980): 239.
348
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
«:)ёИЯ-Л:Ш||> IX. 15
349
K0BANA-N0GARIYASU[Jap..
Calamagrostis adpressi-ramea Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 45:193(1931); T. Tateoka, Bull,
Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 12(2): 286(1969).-C. arundinacea (L.) Roth var. adpressi-гож
(Ohwi) Ohwi (1936).
m, ЙЖЙ< 'CHS 5 - 8mm, ЖЙ. SlOHUft? 20~60cm, ffi 5-15mm, ftH-f < £Я, I
&-=ё, i), Bi
^Hft§18-50cm, -C£ <
<. з-4.5mm, ржш, м-шзм. ot
СИД< t 2mm fc/хбй', U^filJ-CHr < HH'MIft, ^HS§2mm. 2n=
28.
(7EWD 8-10Я. (Ж) 0*4Ш »). Н7тЛ#!ШШ11О
7 *' у улг®-с:Енй1Жоай5й< й‘₽>шх, < <ФЖ. g
ffi|83ffi^(1969)fc.X 6 t,
7 *' У V л.2 4 - 6mm. itf6ifcm?Sto^, 10-50СШ, ^«*8 4-121111.
&fe#H2n=42, 49, 56.
^'77 *• У vz....'N®H3-4.5mm(^< H 4mm ЖО, ft#H 25cm Й_Ь©И
й^<, SmUiLH® 12mm ^йх., dW^fF*. &fe#H2n=28.
Robust perennial in mountainous regions, with long creeping rhizomes. Culms 1-1.5 m tall
Leaf-blades 20-60 cm x 5-15 mm, scabrous on both surfaces, with ligules 2 mm tall. Closely
allied to C. arundinacea by the general habit, the spikelets with long exserted awns and by
callus hairs short and scanty on the lemma side of floret. However, they are distinguished as
follows (Tateoka, 1969).
C. brachytricha.Spikelets 4-6mm long, usually loose; panicle 10-50cm; leaf-blades 4-1?
mm wide; usually pollen absent. Chromosome number 2n = 42, 49, 56.
C. adpressi-ramea .Spikelets 3-4.5 mm (usually under 4 mm) long, very dense; panicle
mostly over 25 cm long; leaf-blades often over 12 mm wide; pollen present. Chromosome
number 2n=28.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Ohita & Kumamoto Pref, in Kyushu). REFER. Tateoka(1969):
286.
350
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
МЖКШ1 IX.25, Л5ЖЛ®Ш И. 24
351
Hoso-SEiYOH-NUKABo[Jap.] Dense silky-bent[Eng.1
Apera interrupta (L.) Beauv., Agrost. 31, 151(1812).-Agrostis interrupta L.C1759).—
Anemagrostis interrupta (L.) Trin.(1822).
1^. ЙЙ, iSS 10-50cm. 3-10«,
(gl.5-4mm, $ 2 - 5mm. HiSTEff 14ЙЙ, Bfet ft^4-15cm, ^4-25и,
&Ш<, ДШоМйФЙт1Л, Ф$ШЙ£ 2-2.5mi, 1
ФТЕй^Ъй. 1.5-2mm, SiMVHSi |ё) С. ФТЕ«Й-
4-10ШШ. <Ь <h <lfИД:. $НШф-С, й 2 0.3-0.5mm, fe
?>.
(ТЕМЯ) 5-6^. (Я-ffi) 3-р У^Ф§Вй»1Ь7^7Щ®О1ЖЖ-С, 0*-<rfil965% №
Л У®Ш? ? >*. (1»)^<7)*'^) 1ФТЕ,Н
±®й<Л‘₽>^Ф®й-Ф?>д^ж?>л^гь^, я
Д£ £Н?>. I < Wfc-t'f з 7 я Л /-Н A. spica-venti (L.) Beauv. О—ОФШЕ’ЕШо'£Н"С 1'Ъ.
Мзт Ф.........TEffoKtift < tflMH, TEffolOii^SW, W.
StiZ£V\ 1-1.6тш. ^fefeW 2n=14.
,+7-t'f S > 5! * ,-K.О<ФЁ< -С-Ь^ГЙЙЧ', Й-С*2>й‘, H
S-CttlOc-rS. mgj 0.3-0.5mm. ^ffeW2n=14.
Annual, culms slender, erect, 10-50 cm tall; leaf-blades 3-10 cm X 1.5-4 mm, flat or inrolled;
ligule conspicuous, 2-5 mm tall. Panicle erect, 4-15 cm long, green or purplish, dense and
continuous above, interrupted below. Spikelets 2-2.5 mm long, 1-flowered, with unequal
glumes and a long awn up to 10 mm long. Floret short-haired on callus; lemma as long as
second glume, 5-nerved, rounded on back, with a straight awn arising from near the apex:
palea nearly as long as the lemma. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Native of middle Europe to western Asia, and naturalized in N. America. In Japan
it was found in Okayama City for the first time in 1965. REFER. Clayton(1986): 138. Tsvelev
(1976, 84): 479. Edit. Tutin(1980): 172.
352
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
g HUjffi V.21
353
Hama-hiegaeri [Jap.] Annual beard-grass [Eng.] RABBiTEOOT-GRASsfAm.]
Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf., Fl. Atl. 1:67(1798).------Alopecurus monspeliensis L,
(1753).---A. aristalus Huds.(1762).
Й5 30-80СШ. aHWbt*, Д£ 10-15on.fi
4-12mm, Й&&, Ю, Ж2 3-8иш.
5-12СШ, MWmL, OfetH
fttt. Фтй2Ш£2|шп, Ф»©ШЙ<
<ЬЖ££ ЖИД, Ю, Д г 2mm, W^PK,
£h b 1 ЯоД-^й^Оч SfctiSj < 2 S, L, ^©Д$»5-
7mm, Ш2-3^гй:5. Д 2 1mm 5 ЯК £ 5 0, ФДО
^£ШадД0е£й^<4Ф£Я1|-Т. Й^Д^ 0.4mm. 2n = 28.
(7ЕМЯ)5-7Я. M) Ий, ЛЯ Й», -£><>5. з-р -у^, 7->7, Л77У*©Ю
-Ш&К-Й < 9 -f 7 7Х. Л*. I- 7 У Ь'
Де©Й*ЖШ.£'Ь»й>-о<1: 5^^ЙЖ-Г^> tOhWZMLfct,'. ^о»Дй:®4й
{Й-^0®®^-СЖй^4г1Х'^е><сЖ^£Л^>. ЕШ-ГЪЬ,
е^Л'^У....^©^Ь©-=Ё1Ш<, &*£!Й£ШЭ-|^Д. <ЬЙ©ИШШ ЬД$й‘Л. НИВ
ЖЯШЯ-КН:/^ Ь^£Тв1й'‘£?>.
У'7 t xff* У.W©^ •) ЮХД^/о?!1'±, 2 - 3^©Д $й*‘2>£>. 'hH©WW
£ЖЛ‘»«*|й|и. IWWi-£><> 5 ЙШбт?, Hi/ti’-f
Annual growing in moist places, especially along rivers. Culms tufted, 30-80 cm tall; leaf-
blades flat, 10-15 cmX4-12 mm, rough and glaucous-green on both surfaces; sheaths smooth,
split to the base; ligules membranous, white, 3-8 mm tall. Panicle 5-12 cm, cylindrical, very
dense, not interrupted except for short flowering time, with short and erect branches, light
green. Spikelets ca. 2 mm long, 1-flowered; pedicel short, nearly as long as wide, disarticula-
ting under the pedicel. Glumes equal, membranous, 2 mm long, rounded on back, 1-nerved,
shallowly bifid at apices; the midrib rough with spinules on back, protruding into a straight
awn, 5-7 mm long. Lemma hyalin, faintly 5-nerved with 5 teeth on the upper margin; midrib
protruding into a straight awn. Anthers 0.4 mm.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in warm-
temperate to temperate zone of Eurasian and N. African Continent. Introduced to N. America
and Australia. NOTE Distinguishable from P. fugax as follows.
P. fugax.....Glumes scarcely hairy on margins; with awn as long as glume. Pedicels longer
than wide. Panicle usually purplish, interrupted. Chromosome number 2n=42.
P. monspeliensis.......Glumes regularly ciliate on both margins, with awn 2-3 times as long
as glume. Pedicels short, nearly as long as wide. Panicle usually light green, not interrupted
Chromosome number 2n = 28.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 139-140. Edit. Tutin(1980): 235.
354
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f
Г?81О*$1Гг1? V.25
355
E 9 HlEGAERl[Jap.
Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud., Synop. Pl. Gram.: 184(1854).-P higegaweri Steud.(Ж
---P. demissus Steud.(1855). P. miser Makino(1912).
WOtK®:®, i < l*F-£. Й2 20-60СШ. 2 5-15cm, ®3*t
mm, Wffii % SSfe.
©Ш'»й*>2>?>. ЙЯйФЙ4Й4,
1.7-2mm, S£fe-e-3$
6Ш1), ФЖ©тй;МЦ§©2-Згё, 1Й©ЙШСЙЙ5Й^^-Г, Ж Еиш».
®т5л«й, Ш, <№&£2S!LtS!H-orad‘biS*-t?>^H15.
а$Ей1Ш Кй» ^1'5Жй>2М, ФЛНГкЖ
t'eiZxotfttXffi-r. |ЭДЖиш£|н|Д, 2«#Й*‘£*. :&L^t±3®, 0.3-0.5». S
feftti 2n=42.
(ТЕЯ» 6-8Л. (#ft) HB, ЛЯ ЖК, 18», ФВ±Й,
m, 77 ) л. fid (И1£©*'Г) <bWil/NE^ibft!), ййШ!
-'t ь^л'^. у i©.Omo5tM (/-HE
ь -= л* j. у ft ь 4©®f. E. G. Steudel © “Synopsis Plantarum Gramineanm
"Cft Nees Steudel о "С V' Z> ©"С, Nees ex Steal
£Ф?> ©й>11\ P.higegaweri &' J; t>* P. demissus(SM'S)09 d В#Л:й\ <E*4>|hJC2
©Haiti p. 422 K.&£ |s)—$lZ£©-C, p. 184 © P. fugax й>1ЕЗз £ ft ?>.
Annual growing on moist soil in lowland, especially frequent along paddy field. Cute
tufted, 20-60 cm tall. Leaf-blades 5-15 cm X 3-8 mm, glaucous-green, flat; sheaths smooth,spi!
nearly to the base; ligules membranous, 3-8 mm tall, with many, faint, parallel nerves. Panto
3-9 cm long, very dense; branches erect-patent at anthesis, erect and appressed to axisafet
flowers. Spikelets 1.7-2 mm long, pale-green, often tinged with violet-brown, 1-flowered, will
short pedicel 0.3 mm long, jointed under the pedicel. Glumes equal, as long as spikelet.
1-nerved, bifid at apex, not keeled, awned from the sinus; awn as long as glume. Lemma 0."
0.9 mm long, membranous hyalin, faintly 5-nerved; the midnerve protruded as a straight ar
Anthers 0.3-0.5 mm. Chromosome number 2n=42.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, Taiwan, Chines
Continent, Siberia, India, Africa. REFER. Clayton(1986): 139-140. Steudel(1854): 184,422.
356
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
FusAGAYA[Jap.] Drooping woodreed [Am.;
Cinna latifolia (Trev.) Griseb., in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 4:435(1852).---Agrostis latifolia Trev.
(1830).---Muhlenbergia pendula Trin.(1832).-------C. pendula (Trin). Trin.(1841).—A
suaveolens Blytt(1840).---C. suaveolens (Blytt) Rupr.(1846).
EMlWoftTKttUm $ 80-120cm, L ft О Л
S12-25cm, Ж6-15ШП1, £, $ 2 - 4mm. £ 15-Ж
ЙЗ 3-3.5mm, 1'NE^Gft О, 3-3.5mm, Ш,
тШШ*), *2 2-2.5»», зл
ж?>й‘, ®<<, йт££©2ж/иЕФШ-шй1
tatU'llTm fcL^il, *Ы-2{@. ЖДМЛ
0.7mm. Ф«0^^|*|^0|*КЙи^"О^Ш-Гйъ L «С >) %ЪЪ. ЩИ
2п=28.
(ТЕМЯ) 7-8 Л. (Ячй ttl, *ffl(dt-4'8U)O7V«d»b35ig|ll«O|^%fc^in^e>M.
9 d [Ir)£o*'?) У±<и±о^ИНсИ^_54^
С, ЖИШ'‘1К<, 1ФТЕй‘ЬТЗ:?>Л5 3тт^Ьо^¥^М1Йй‘8ПТо< toti,
<ti\ ш, тзмт, t, wozwi
Perennial growing in subalpine forest. Culms 80-120 cm tall; leaf-blades 12-25 cmX6-15
mm, glaucous-green, rough, with ligules 2-4 mm tall. Panicle 15-30 cm long, nodding,
branches slender, semiverticillate, divergent, nodding at anthesis. Spikelets very compressed
green, 3-3.5 mm long, 1-flowered, disarticulating under the glumes; glumes equal, 3-3.5 mm
long, rough on back, 1-nerved and keeled; lemma 2-2.5 mm long, 3-nerved, keeled along the
midnerve, with a short straight awn inserted near the apex. Palea nearly as long as lemma
the two nerves being scarcely distant from each other, apparently 1-keeled. Stamen 1, rarely
2; anthers 0.4-0.7 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, n. to c. Honshu). Widespread in circumboreal
regions of N. Hemisphere. REFER. Clayton(1986): 140-141. Edit. Tutin(1980): 172. Gould
(1975): 156.
358
АР: Apex of lemma (sidevks,
POOIDEAE AVENEAE 1"
’fe b SETOGAYAfJap/
Alopecurus japonicus Steud., Synop. Gram.: 149(1855).-A. malacostachyus A. Gray(1856).
iW3 20-60cm. ft£4-15cm, 5 - 8mm, 2-fa.
IWWMmmX-JWftC ns®, ft 2 3 - 6cm, 5 - 8mm "C,
0Ь-Г*й^Л<, $afe. ft£5-6mm, l/J'7E/J'Gtc?>. ЖЙД, t
зм, што-с, m#±>ctx«icbd4'ft^^mi,
Л, >) £>££#4, 56
Ш11Ш< , &ift£ 10-12mm, ФЙ^ЦсЙШ
Oft Stid'Hliш£|й|й. M^iirefe-Sfe, ftSaa* 1mm. 2n=28.
(£W 5-6 Л. M) *:Ж(Ш1ШИ), ИЯ, ЛЯ ^<Xo5. ФЯЙ®. * 4 ХЙЙЙН
*. (Ir)£<z>*'?) ЙКхХ^т-^+^гШ?»,
хХ/ / т у Ж ?....20-40ст. 7Ш1Ш 3 - 5тш, ririijSl'. ^tiS^fe( 5 i"V'; Л '/fe), Д?
fi<H8o 1/5Ш. H*£±.
4hX+.....20-60cm. 7E«titg 5 - 8mm, »tftV'. ^l*Sfi~3?Sfe, ft 2 iX'J'SS© 1/4 IM
Annual on wet soil, usually abundant in the paddy-field before spring plough. Culms tufted
20-60 cm tall; leaf-blades flat, glaucous, 4-15 cm X 5-8 mm; ligules 2-4 mm tall. Distinguish-
able from A. aequalis by the following characteristics. The terete inflorescence 5-8 mm wide,
with conspicuous awns. Spikelets larger, 5-6 mm long; awn longer, about twice as long ss
spikelets, exserted the spikelet by 2-3 mm; anthers nearly white. Chromosome number 2n=
28.
DISTR. Japan (Very common; c. to w. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), s. China.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 140-141. Edit. Tutin(1980): 241-242. Key to Alopecurus spp.... Ohwi
(1965): 140. Koyama(1987): 199.
360
POOIDEAE AVENEAE 1"
#: ISWiRAWrlj V.15
361
t Х7 7 т 7 4^ >> Он-suzuME-NO-TEPPOHtJap.] Meadow FOXTAiL[Eng.]
Alopecurus pratensis L., Sp. PL: 60(1753).
SS 30-120cm. 6-40cm, «3-11
mm, gmwt*, Т;5©1©1ШШШШйа. mfc? 1-2.5mm. РШ
ftS 5-10cm, i)S 7-10mm, LIf L?
4-6mm, M¥, I'NE^feZt*. ФЖйаММ
iZtO, 59
ifci/ViflsIft, WUlg#i & •), 1/3 Hti'±Oi
rtSWiV'. 2-3.5mm, &fe#H2n=28, 42.
(5LO 3-p yх<й>Ь7->74ЬЙ5^й‘«"С©Й^Х*, 4t*, b v У 7йг£*&%Й<
V'%. Ш*адШ*:Н1ФШ1СтП6. (1ё|$об'?) eogfcoj
Ь'ТеЖЮТ* ь tf-VicflU.
-tb#+...1^. яг 20-60СШ. 7EWt:fcS5-8mm, % О i Л/i’M4.
тй&~йй&-сдгнИ'Ж> 1/4 йя-. ;дааш
itxX//?y,+:^.....£3^, Яг 30-120ст. ТЕЗШЖ £ 7-1Ooib, Lift
If&fe&^tf, ®m££©%©#OS£< -С££. fi;X}i/J<©l/2fW
^НФЗШЛ.
Introduced perennial cultivated for fodders or escaped in grassland, with short creeping
rhizomes. Culms erect, tufted, 30-120 cm tall; leaf-blades 6-40 cm x 3-10 mm; sheaths pale
green, often tinged with purplish-brown; ligules 1-2.5 mm tall. Panicle very dense, terete, 5-
10 cm x 7-10 mm, green, usually tinged with purple, slightly glossy. Spikelets 4-6 mm long,
compressed, 1-flowered. Glumes equal, as long as spikelet, 3-nerved, strongly keeled, connate
on margins up to 1/3 above the base, long-ciliate on the keel. Lemma nearly as long as
glumes, 5-nerved; midnerve protruding into a straight awn 6-12 mm long from the lower third
of lemma. Palea absent. Chromosome number 2n = 28,42. Anthers 2-3.5 mm long, dark-yellow
or purple. Grains 2-2.5 mm long.
DISTR. Native to Europe and northern Asia, and widespread in the world through cultiva
tion as fodders. It was introduced to Japan in the beginning of the 18th century. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 141-142. Hubbard(1984): 333.
362
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
xO. 82
глйашжт VI. 2
363
;хху 7т
No-suzuME-NO-TEPPOH[Jap.] Slender fox-tail, Black GRASs[Eng.]
Alopecurus myosuroides Huds., Fl. Angl.: 23(1762).-A. agrestis L.C1762).
1^. ЙЬХЖ&Ь, i^£ 20-80cm. ^=£ttft£ 5-20cmJg3-
7mm, ^fe, fte, ^ttBS2-4mm.
_h>W< ft г 3- 12cm, tg 3 - 6mm, 5. 'h«t*ft £ 4.5-биш,
£*©<>©^^^p)ji»,i/2©ii^t-c-&^L.-ci'T:, 3HH
t>, щ#©±Ф•Ж^tx»7£^^Ёй^^-c^i£^. »W8
i/Li'IWft, 5jK^9t, £it
4 - 8mm VJ'SS©fl-£-CO £ ffi LXl'5. F^^liZfcV'. i^tift S 3-4m, ^© 1/2 tLhtCft Ъ. Ш
it 2n=14.
С7ЕЖЯ) 5-8Я. (#<) fi^7^70Ot, W
©№©&гг?*ЁШсШЕ. * 4 У x. (isi^o*'^) г©Д© Н*Жо t ©© 5 b>, *1IW'
^©f©«n©S(t>h)i’>S«ot|£<, ±fc^^(ffiii^/£ft^)^7iJ4, 21@©$3mOH
1/3-1/2 ЦсЬй‘< Xftl'^O^^bM
(У — H Linne © A. agrestis ft, 4 ¥ У *A W. Hudson © A. myosuroides i R]#-(17623
©^ti*i, Hudson
Annual casual in meadows or in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, erect from kneed bases;
leaf-blades 5-20 cm X3-7 mm; sheaths smooth, green, sometimes tinged with purple; with
ligules 2-4 mm tall. Panicle dense, terete, tapering towards apex; glumes equal, both margins
connate up to 1/3-1/2 above the base, 3-nerved, sharply keeled and winged, rough with short
hairs on the keels. Lemmas as long as glumes, 5-nerved; the midnerve protruded into a long
awn arising from near the base; the awn exserted the spikelet by 4-8 mm; palea absent.
Anthers 3-4 mm, to more than 1/2 length of the lemma. Chromosome number 2n=14.
DI STR. Native to Europe and temperate Asia, and introduced to N. America and other
districts. Casual in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 141-142. Hubbard(1984): 325.
364
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
хб
ГМШФ V. 9
365
SuzuME-NO-TEPPOH[Jap.] Orange fox-тап/Еп^
Alopecurus aequalis Sobol, var. amurensis (Komar.) Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55:360(1941).
---A. fulvus J. E. Smith var. amurensis Komar. (1901). A. geniculatus L. var. amurensis
(Komar.) Roshev.(1914).-A. amurensis (Komar.) Komar.(1916).
1^. 20-40cm, ft5- 15cm, Ш1.5-5
mm, 2-5mm 4 - 6cm, 4B3-5t-.
'bms¥, дг3-3.5mm, зшш
о 1/з5»,
S-C'OttHL-Cl'S. ^t®^fe(5-tV'^’/fe)-CS$0.6-lmm. 2n=14.
(ТЕМИ) 4-5Л. (Ж) «Ж, *W, ИЯ, AW, Ж ФЯ, Жж^
У7. (/-H ШТЕФ(1967, 76)tci^>i,
iotoft© 0*Brt-c^S97x-r-A^H№₽>H^iV'5.
xx’x 7 T у > var. amurensis.3-3.5mm, ₽>й*(с-о^ЖТ.
AffltWiOUifeog. *'f 7WfeH7A-,vlllOc.
7x? xX> 7 -г у > (+ £ x x’ / 7 T у >)var. aequalis.<h$Stift £ 2-2.5mm, ?r(i'J'Mit
g£fcfcl'(0S'). tt
₽>©^ -T /£Мр -У7- s - p y z«x*, iV' 5.
Annual or biennial growing on wet soil especially abundant in the rice-field. Culms 204
cm tall; leaf-blades flat, 5-15 cm x 1.5-5 mm; with conspicuous ligules 2-5 mm tall. Panick
very dense, spike-like and terete, 4-6 cm long, 3-5 mm broad, pale-green. Spikelets much
compressed, 3-3.5 mm long; glumes connate at base, sharply keeled, fimbriate with soft long
hairs on the keels. Floret as long as glumes; lemma 5-nerved; the midnerve protruded into a
awn arising from near the base; the awn exserted the spikelet by 0.5-1.5 mm; palea absent
Anthers 0.6-1 mm long, yellow to orange-yellow. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Japan (Very common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Asia. NOTE Var
aequalis, also occurs in Japan; and it is distinguished by the smaller spikelets 2-2.5 mm long
and shorter awns not or hardly exserted the spikelets. REFER. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 379-Ж1
Clarke(1980): 242. Matsumura(1967, 68, 69, 76). Ohwi(1978): 1441. ИВЕНгЙШ ifcOffl
(1980): 108-115.
366
S': / '' у x X у / т , .+: Ъ <Г>ФЯ! Spikelet of var. aeguali-
POOIDEAE AVENEAE
V.2, 5':8ИЙ1$ЙШ V.4
367
t) X 7 3 < 7 =f У
Kazunokogusa, MiNOGOME[Jap.] American SLOUGHGRASs[Am.j
Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern., Rhodora 30:27(1928).-Panicum syzigachne Si&A
(1846).--B. baicalensis (V. Kusn.) Hult.(1927).-B. erucaeformis of authors, not (L.) Host.
жф, ^гзо-ж
WftS 7-20cm, Фй 5-10mm, &sg, -HWS 2 3 - 6mm. ОИЙЖ ft $ 15-30cm,
MatWZiL, WftS 1 - 5cm, 1 TJX® о 2
'hWiftS, %X3-3.5nun, 5Xtcb, £&H1(UK2«
№Ш1'ЭД®-с, Sfe, 5Ж, ййШ
2Жй‘&?>Л‘, *>*1^11310, irtftjaa'О.биЛ
feW 2n=14.
СТЕЛЯ) 5-7 Л. (:ЙО «Й, Ш ИИ, ЛЯ1, 5Ш, Г'<Л-о5. ШШ, ФИ, ^з-ру/,
ФВ, 9 v, *д^ + 7Л, 9 4 (гаЖот#'?) ШТМЖ
^©7x^X'^^B45>V'^fe, ₽>&<?,
Нхк^лх/з7-v-ii,
<£ C^L-CV'S. (7-Н N.N. Tsvelev(1976)tx, fcti-ФФ^Ьо£,
subsp. syzigachne, '^н^ЮоЗоЪКЛг subsp. hirsutiflora (Roshv.)
Tsvel. 0 2 ЛЕЙf0WJi % 0UU5 tKi'. &*>', 2 Й*?>Л:ЦХ*^5.
Fresh-green annual to biennial growing on wet soil, especially abundant in the paddy-field
before spring plough. Culms loosely tufted, soft, erect, 30-90 cm tall; leaf-blades linear-
lanceolate, 7-20 cm X 5-10 mm, soft, glabrous; sheaths nearly smooth; ligules 3-6 mm tall.
Panicle erect, 15-30 cm long, composed of 10-30 alternate racemes on main rachis. The
racemes 1-5 cm long, with distichous spikelets on one side of rachis. Spikelets almost sessile,
falling entire at maturity, 3-3.5 mm long, and as wide, 1 (rarely 2)-flowered. Glumes equal in
size and length, slightly connate at base, papery, much swollen on back and bag-shaped.
3-nerved; the lateral nerves branched on one side. Lemma narrowly ovate, whitish, 5-nerved,
slightly exserting the glumes. Paleas 2-nerved, obscurely keeled. Anthers about 0.6 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, China,e.
Europe, Siberia, Kurils, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, N. America. REFER. Clayton(1986): IK
Tsvelev(1976, 84): 362. Koyama(1987): 205-207. Edit. Tutin(1980): 171.
368
POOIDEAE AVENEAE 1
«Г SW V.15
xO.82
369
**77^9
Phleum pratense L., Sp. PL: 59(1753).
Oh-awagaeri [Jap.] Timothy grass[Aiii.
50-lOOcm, Ш
ЛСФТ*. ЗЬШД* 20-50cm, *@ 3 - 9mm,
<*'«-, шитшгн'. tsiiKB-e,
*®-Ci-£W‘Z£<, Ш'РЖЖ, 6-15СШ, lB7-9mm,
ф»11Ф7£й>₽>&(), Й2 3-3.5mm, ФЖ
1 Я1ГсЗйЛ/-С1:гёkKUi£, TiORoftfrift 2 1 - 2mm ©B'S i fc о t О £ Ж Ъ.
^©2/3-3/4-c, $g, 5-7/М->§§1'ШЧ-ь,
fift£2mm(W. 2n=28, 42.
(он 6-8Л. (ж) ^-7-?7Лй©т и?ойв#<шLtwesh. amt
Н^М^з-р y'-. (Inl^ozrr)
>^ЙФ«6#Ф>£!'*®1 i ?£. r> "С^Ж, йй®77М'
< , W-EO^tVxl'd», i,TPH<, »?V'(S? 0.3-0.5mm) Ш t’tg
WPjHS. (7-h) 18Ие©ИU®, У *KteALfc Timothy Hansa
©£&<!:-ofc t©t', 7/ 9 4, -Г =F 9 * ttt Cat’s tail i 1
Perennial cultivated as fodders, often escaped in grassland, with short rhizomes. Culm-
tufted, erect from a bent base, 50-100 cm tall; leaf-blades 20-50 cm x 3-9 mm, flat, rough
glabrous; sheaths smooth, rounded on back; ligules membranous, up to 5 mm tall. Panicle ver;
dense, cylindrical, mostly 6-15 cm long, 7-9 mm wide, greenish-white, often tinged with
light-violet. Spikelets 3-3.5mm long, much flattened, 1-flowered;glumes equal, as long»
spikelets, membranous hyalin, with very thick midnerve and two weak pararell nerves
sharply keeled; the keel fringed with stiff hairs; the midnerves protruded into a rigid awn 1-1
mm long. Lemma membranous, with 5-7 faint nerves, minute-hairy on back. Palea as long»
lemma. Anthers 2 mm long. Disarticulating above glumes. Chromosome number 2n=28, fl
DISTR. Native to Eurasia, widespread in non-tropical regions of the world. Common ir.
Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 142. Hubbard(1984): 321. Key to Phleum spp. ... Ohwi(19fo:
141. Koyama(1987): 202.
370
POOIDEAE AVENEAE 'i
VID. 3, ^РШОЫ5 VII. 17
371
AwAGAERlfJai
Phleum paniculatum Huds., Fl. Angl.: 23(1762).
t) ft 1 e> L, iS $ 15-50cm.
«m ¥Ь-С, *$3-8cm, ®2-5mm. «^tlSfeX'S $ 2 - 4mm. H$7Eff
Hffi^iftr), *$3-8cm, ♦§ 4 - 6mm, ft*. <h$H 1 ФТЕйЧ ft 9, <?’
2.5mm, ^*4i % ШЖ < , 1^ЙИТ < $ 1 6 , ЗШЧоС
ftъ. ^шяйиойм»
11, Я®<, Mft^rfcfcbh., 'Мта^ошз^*, 018
ВДКЯ-С, 5Кт <h^<hA.$il4l<, 1#Кё
-=Ё^ЗЁ^>'. т*$ 0.3-0.5mm, g^fe. &fe#ti2n=28.
(ТЕМЯ) 5-6 Л. М) РЯД, MoWHi., HS^n«!JMK4itrL.^^-o5t^6iifci'
198O^ffiti^:B05^ft< ft-?Xl4. < Я-Ж<ТЧ©-С£>д 5. 7->7i3-₽
< 9 4 УЖЙИ-Т *' У я. (|а)£<7>*'£) |W)MO7t-7t-7 7*'^y(sij^)-^< -V-^T 7 У (^)iiM
^-С, T3iKi|S]it-t»< ftb-r, КЯ^ИЛО^^И^Й'ГЙУ'О-СЯЖ
n, ВШ1±&1-МоШ^Зё^7с1)"С^^ач, жмишс
d'$ftJiJttofto^%7 7*'^ у ingft6. 0*«II7 ^o^TLLlr’Goojg.
Annual in sunny places. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 15-50 cm tall; leaf-blades linear-
lanceolate, flat, 3-8 cm x 2-5 mm, with ligules 2-4 mm tall. Panicle cylindrical with densely
clustered spikelets, 3-8 cm long, 4-6 mm wide. Spikelets 2-2.5 mm long, 1-flowered, com-
pressed; glumes equal, widest and with a short cusp at apex, gradually narrowed toward base,
thick and papillose except narrow membranous margins, sharply keeled on back; keel
glabrous, sometimes ciliate with short, stiff hairs. Lemma about 1/2 as long as spikete.
membranous-hyalin, 5-nerved, irregularly serrate on margin. Palea as long as lemma; anthers
0.3-0.5 mm. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widespread in temperate region of
Eurasian Continent. REFER. Clayton(1986): 142-143. Edit. Tutin(1980): 240.
372
POOIDEAE AVENEAE -f
xO. 87
V.28
373
MlYAMA-AWAGAERl[Jap.] ALPINE TIMOTHY, ALPINE CAT’S TAIL[El?..
Phleum alpinum L. Sp. Pl.: 59(1753).-P. commutatum Gaud.(1800).
МШЧИШт ЙЙ, Й3 25-50a.
OiRl'SO, JUS-llan, ♦S4-8mm, »t Л
Й$1-Зшт, 1ШЙ
<О/К^ЙЖ, gV’HWt, JU 1.5-4.5cm, Ш 8-llmm, SgfetJ»O 5 'JWli
TE^bZcO, JU 3-3.8mm. WFU 2 ojf») t tc <?, m©Wt
Jb©®V'££fc-?-Co£tt}L, «JbKlUJU lmm»£o®V'eZ»’‘l?!lKl^-CH^5.
Ж, ЙВЯ-CJU 2mm, §§1'5Шй>^>2>. i i A,<h’
mm. 3fefiW 2n=14, 28.
(TEW 7-8Я. (tfffi) ih. t>'M*og^2!i^|llfc
< М/Шз-рУ< (ИЙ<©*'?) ЙШ«-С, г:Лй:!ЙД^оФЙ!^’1>о4^т»МК
Y%O2t-2t-7 7*'^ y(p.370)^E>ti, <£V'£3t, ®V'«, 7fc<-C®V'TEff, S^ojue, Mti
(7—1) 7 7 Л'^') Ж Phleum i %X// 7 > 4UM Alopecurus 1±, TEffOJIH'I'i
Л©1 ЬН*.
xXx/7,.+;->Д.....Ф«о1й0^§и^йй5й^ I), ФйиШ i M-tU.
77^'Л.......
Perennial growing in alpine regions. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 25-50 cm tall; leaf-blafe
5-11 cm x 4-8 mm, narrowly lanceolate; sheaths smooth; ligules 1-3 mm tall. Panicle ver.
dense, shortly cylindrical, 1.5-4.5 cm long, 8-11 mm wide, light-green, usually tinged wii
violet. Spikelets 3-3.8 mm long, flattened, 1-flowered. Glumes equal, strongly keeled on bad,
keel ciliate with long stiff hairs; midnerve protruded into a stiff awn 2 mm long or more ft®
the apex. Lemma membranous hyalin, 2 mm long, faintly 5-nerved. Anthers H.5nuti
Chromosome number 2n = 14, 28. Distinguishable from P. pratense by the shorter and wife
panicle, longer awn of glume and shorter anthers.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Hokkaido, c. Honshu). Widespread in the arctic and alpine regionso:
N. Hemisphere and S. America. REFER. Clayton(1986): 142-143. Tateoka(1964):7-ll
Tsvelev(1976, 84): 367-368. Hubbard(1984): 323.
374
POOIDEAE AVENEAE <
#: UlWitS VU.25
375
3f "У Л yfj? KlTSUNE-GAYAtJapj
Bromus pauciflorus (Thunb.) Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 713(1899).-Festuca pauciflors
Thunb.(1784).--F. remotiflora Steud.(1855). -B. remotiflorus (Steud.) Ohwi(1935).
60-lOOcm, toWitx
6. 25-40cm, If 4 - 7mm, Ь,
fefcsbH, 5SW, 1 - 2mm. 20-30cm, £-g|5 2 L,
>£3-4cin, *12-4mm, 6~10M-&W* 1 Ж, ft^5-7mm, 8-lbJ
Ж, 1ШШ Й£ 10- 13mm, fttHC
Azi*isi^oi/2 <*e>V'Ototx*i>5, fii
«Й$й‘^О»^2/3, «#К1Я±Й^О!Ё^й’<^. 1.5-2mm. 2n=14.
(TEW 6-8Я. (Ж) «Ж, Ф^Н, Е9Я, ЯМ ВДЖ ФЯ. * 1
3-4cm t^>2>iffll'd'?Siil5ZLfc^,
Itff, ^^»^'Ф*Жо«йЧсШ'6Ж, tt7mi
£ i fcBgthlflKItiH fc/c Uf tc-tfc i Я S' OX )Eg
I'TLi) i
Perennial in semi-shady place, with short rhizomes. Culms 60-100 cm tall, retrorsetj
pubescent around the nodes. Leaf-blades 25-40 cm x 4-7 mm, pubescent, slightly glossy,
sheaths closed and retrorsely pubescent; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle nodding, 20-30 cm long
very loose, dark-green; branches mostly geminate, very long and each with 2-7 spikelets
Spikelets glabrous, 3-4 cm x 2-4 mm, 6 to 10-flowered. Glumes narrowly lanceolate, tapering
into short awns; the lower 5-7 mm long and 1-nerved, the upper 8-11 mm long and 3-nerved
Lemmas 7-nerved, 10-13 mm long, tapering into straight awns at apices; awns 1-1/2 times as
long as lemmas. Paleas 3/4 as long as lemmas, hirtellous on the keels. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long
Chromosome number 2n=14.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China. REFER.Key
to Bromus spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 156-157. Koyama(1987): 33. Clayton(1986): 144-146.
376
POOIDEAE BROMEAE
g:|gra Vll. 15
377
KuSHIRO-CHAHlKl[]ap.j
Bromus canadensis (Michx.) Holub, Folia Geobot. Phtotax. (Praha) 8:158(1973).—R
canadensis Michx.(1803).--B. yezoensis Ohwi(1933).--Zerna yezoensis (Ohwi) Sugimoto
(1958).---B. ciliatus of authors, not L.
70- 120cm, 6ft Ь,
l#lift$ 15-30cm, 5-10mm, T®H«,
IMF'S#. FW7№ift£ 10-25crn, giii'ifc 2- 3 V,
-tn-Ffil-8,J'?g^oFt2>. 5-8d'7EZ»‘ipftb, ft£ 13-22mm.
fi^6-7mm, Ж-^»ЗЖ, ft£8-9mm. ft 2 9- 12mm, t о tftS 2-5w©i
ilLfc^tftO, i+7№, ^ti^'H’iftb, Ж#lift £ Л, £'¥?&.
KLliatfc. ft^ 1-1.2mm. 2n=14.
(TERO) 7-8 Я. (tfffi) 4tiO. ^-Йь V''»'-/, ft*. (laj£<7>*'£) «ill. 5-i
'hTE^lpftfcftS 1 - 2cm Oig¥ft'HS, ^O^br^$ft^, ft^3-5mmo^,
(7— h) S^'C'ti B. yezoensis й»/К < N. N. Tsvelev liu-v/j
- КК.2>2>Л#&=Й₽©й11* 4 ?’Ж$2 .S&PH, В. canadensis itI'otl'J. 7/h
iS®4i <^5©t, cntc^ ofc. fti>7>')i>fcti B. ciliatus L
fc^fcfc^® 4>£Л'й’», B. ciliatus L. i l' 5 0 gSlLtl't, ClV'ftl'OV?i<
ftl'. ^©Л&Ы*Ь<{£Д&ШЬ-С*>’<.
Perennial in low grassland in Hokkaido. Culms 70-120 cm tall, 6-noded or so; nodes dense!;
tomentose. Leaf-blades 15-30 cm x 5-10 mm, usually pilose above, glabrous beneath; sheatte
tubular, closed, retrorsely pilose; ligules about 1 mm tall. Panicle 10-25 cm long, noddtoj
branches rough, 2-3 per node, bearing 1 to several spikelets on each branch. Spikelets
light-green, flattened, 5 to 8-flowered, 13-22 mm long; lower glume 1-nerved, 6-7 mm longfc
upper 3-nerved, 8-9 mm long. Lemmas 9-12 mm long, 7-nerved, densely ciliate along margins1
nerves; the midnerve protruded into a straight awn 2-5 mm long. Paleas shorter than lemma:
ciliate on the keels. Anthers 1-1.2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=14.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido), Kurils, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, N. America. REFER. Clayto
(1986): 144-146. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 310-311. Mohlenbrock(1972): 82. Hitchcock(1971) Vol.l
42.
378
POOIDEAE BROMEAE
xO. 82
S:itO+»5JrJK^fflT VHI.15
379
Uma-no-chahiki, YASE-CHAHiKi[Jap.] Drooping brome[Ei^
Bromus tectorum L., Sp. Pl.: 77(1753).-Zema tectorum (L.) Lindm.(1918).-AnisaA
tectorum (L.) Nevski(1934). -A. pontica C. Koch(1848).
1-23^-e, 2 20-50cm,
^#lift? 5-12cm, Фй 2 - 5mm, W®i
3 - 5mm. TEjfUft? 10-15cm2 - 5(- 7)*О«й'‘ЖТ,
#1ОЙ1с2-7ФЯЙЙЧ6П-СО<. <MgHft£ 1.2-2cm, 4 - 8'J4tZ»ibft b,
$>Ъ. 5 - 7mm, Ш, S 7-10mm t? 3%<>. ЙЙВД
?9-12mm, Lfc^tiH*L, ft? 12-15mm,
3/4»i*Oft?-C, ЙЙ«Н®-С-, ft? 0.5-1мЛ6
#ti 2n=14.
С7ЕИЯ) 6-7Л.
Ot>irdi'il5-C^-fLL-Cl'2>As $>£>)$<№.
4-8Ф7Ей>1Ьй£±®0фЖ SHT^STEtf, Ж—Ш,
ЮЖ, 2 ЙКЖ 12-15mm Oftl'e. $№fi? 0.5-lmm ft
S>^>. /Ь$Йй'!'£ i /Li'MTs©—var. glabratus Spenner i 1^,
Adventive annual in waste place. Culms tufted, 20-50 cm tall, tomentose above. Leaf-blades
5-12 cmX2-5 mm, soft-tomentose on both surfaces; sheaths closed, covered with retrorse
hairs; ligules 3-5 mm tall. Panicle 10-15 cm long; branches 2-5(-7) clustered per node, each
bearing 2-7 spikelets. Spikelets nodding, 1.2-2 cm long, 4 to 8-flowered, usually pubescen:
Lower glume 5-7 mm long, 1-nerved; upper glume 7-10 mm long, 3-nerved. Lemmas 9-12 w
long, 5 to 7-nerved, bifid into narrow teeth and awned at apices; awn straight, 12-15 mm long.
Paleas about 3/4 as long as lemmas, loosely ciliate on the keels. Anthers 0.5-1 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to Eurasian Continent, and widely naturalized in the world except for
tropical regions. In Japan recorded from northern Honshu by J. Ohwi(1941) at first, and nov
are found here and there. REFER. Clayton(1986): 142-143. Hubbard(1984): 63. Edit. Tulin
(1980): 184.
380
BL: 35 A part of leaf blad-
POOIDEAE BROMEAE v t+Я
rWBSgrfi VI.16
381
t У X7 7 f t t 11X/7 7 f + к +
Higenaga-suzume-no-chahiki, Он-suzuME-No-CHAHiKitJap.] Great веоме[Еп?'
Bromus rigidus Roth in Roem. et Uster., Bot. Mag. 10: 21(1790).-Anisantha diandra (Roth
Tutin subsp. rigida (Roth) Tsvel.(1976).
Ъ 1 - 2 ИЙ § 40-70cm, '>'ft < i % ft#OT-CtiW3. Oii
5- 15cm, ®3-5mm, ИШtt
2-3tntn. ROffliihTM, AS 10-20cm, 1®К1-3(Ш
ok, 1 'J'WiftS 3-4cm, 6-8/bftz»(>ft9, '№
i.5-2cm, ш, ^-^тлгг.г-зсптз^
2.5-3.2cm, 5-7Ж, Kirfcrfcbnx ШНВ
Я>->Т, 3-5ст©Й5£Ь^г*5Ш2>. >) ffi < , 1 ЭДО^ЯИ
itL^Uo) 210, 0.5-0.8mm. 1cm, iffi 1mm. SifeftU 2n=42.
(7ЕМЯ) 5-7 Л. (^) э-р УЙЙЮ©ШЁ£1'Ыг, < «ML. EUtii
19123s 1987^«ЯВ^ФГ?«^Ьоо*2>. (|ё|$<7)й'?) Й?
3 - 4cm -C6-8d'TE*^ft2>d'M lfflt^X СХЗЖ 3-5стФДе, 0.5-0.8м®!
1S<!)Mi№7itf.l: V'. 7Uf?^+ t+ B. sterilisL. < UUt l' Ъ *», IgJStifiS 1.4-2.3
cm, e«tl.5-3cm, ** L-< 3 10X*«§H 0.6-1.6mm, 2n = 14 ft
ШЫгЪ.
Naturalized annual in urban areas and arableland. Culms 40-70 cm tall; tomentose at leas
under panicles. Leaf-blades 5-15 cm x 3-5 mm, tomentose on both surfaces; sheaths closed
terete, covered with patent or retrorse, short hairs; ligules 2-3 mm tall. Panicle nodding, 10-
20 cm long; branches very rough, 1-3(4) per node, each bearing 1 or 2 spikelets. Spikelets!
4 cm long, 6 to 8-flowered. Glumes narrowly lanceolate, unequal; the lower 1.5-2 cm, 1-nervet
the upper 2.2-3 cm, 3-nerved. Lemmas 2.5-3.2 cm long, linear-lanceolate, 5 to 7-nerved, weakly
keeled on back, rough with minute hairs, bifid into very narrow teeth at apices; awn 3-5cm
long, exserted between the teeth. Paleas shorter than lemmas; stamens usually 2; anthers
elliptic, 0.5-0.8mm long. Grains lOmmXl mm. Chromosome number 2n=42.
DI STR. Native to Europe, widely naturalized in N. Hemisphere. In Japan it was found in
1912 for the first time, and now widespread all over Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 142-143
Hubbard(1984): 61. Edit. Tutin(1980): 183. Tsvelev(1976,84): 223. Gould(1975): 88-89.
382
АР: Apex of lemia
POOIDEAE BROMEAE
x2
8:V.27
383
л* л* t Зг Снлво-cHAHiKitJap.] Foxtail chess[Aih'
Bromus rubens L., Cent. Pl. 1: 5(1755).-Anisantha rubens (L.) Nevski(1934).—Zena
rubens (L.) Grossh.(1939).
«№££^«^6 1*И г 15-40cm, fcttjfc^L, 1 2 - 4 It
Ж^илгз-бст, Фа 1.5-Зтв, tgllj
5 2mm ft i*"С, ft£3-6cm, ft %g0K % iffcili&S. < , fl
ttOLtWoi'fci <? £&<?, UfUi'^fetUfetъ. 4'iKftft<^£*m<:S,
T ft £ 2 - Зет, 4-10ФТЕ1 ^-^ftft§8rnrnfti*X*m,
1шп«£-СЗЖй'^2>. ^ftftS 13-15mm, ЗЖ, 2 ЙЬШ’Йi * >), ^оНй^ФЛМ1.'
Ж» <?Ь-Гйчсй<, 1ШгВДПШ
tft'(>fc3U>'. fcL^ti2-3e, ^tiftS 0.6mm fti’X\ 'МЕоЯ-ГИЩгйV\ ДЦЯД$8иЛ
Jgfcft®^*^-oXAV'*‘fc^ 2n = 28.
(7ERB) 5Л. 3-₽ *-5'>7Ж 9<П
WX'H У. В^Х*}11974^И|11ЙХ'}11:«>ХЖЬПХ1'2>.
дг 0.6mm ft £ОЙФ&Й&$Ш£-Г;5. 7 + t +Д Bromus ©4>X'ft, ffiil
2>xSSV', -Л. tm(p. 144) iьтш ofc<it).
Adventive annual rarely found in urban areas. Culms solitary or caespitose, 15-40 cm tall,
hairy on the upper part. Leaf-blades 3-6 cm X 1.5-3 mm; sheaths tomentose with minute
retrorse hairs; ligules 2 mm tall, with laciniate margins. Panicle erect, 3-6 cm long, ven'
contracted, obovoid in outline, light green, often tinged with purple. Spikelets nearly sessile,
erect, 2-3 cm long including awns, 4 to 10-flowered, covered with soft hairs. Lower glume S
mm long, 1-nerved, the upper about 10 mm, 3-nerved. Lemmas 13-15 mm, 3-nerved, bifid at
apices into subulate teeth; awn thin and straight, inserted between the teeth; palea a little
shorter than the lemma; stamens 2 or 3, with anther 0.6 mm long. Grains 8 mm long, with
dense hairs at apices. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. Native to Europe, and naturalized in Central Asia and N. America. In Japan it was
found near Okayama Port in 1974 for the first time. REFER. Clayton(1986): 144-146. Edit.
Tutin(1980): 184. Tsvelev(1976,84): 224. Gould(1975): 89.
384
POOIDEAE BROMEAE -f t:*®
xO. 82
ft:HUJrU V.15
385
SuZUME-NO-CHAHIKl[Jap(
Bromus japonicus Thunb., Fl. Jap. : 52(1784).-B. patulus Mert. et Koch(1823).—8
abolinii Drob.(1925).
»&ft£*K.tft£?> 14Г-Ж-С, W? 30-70cm. 15-ЗОи,
®3-7mm, Й®£%^й'^<, С, ft < ,
йг1-2.5шш. F4«UEFmft$ 15-25СШ, £<lft, 1Й
1 - 3 tBt, t d'SSUftг 17-23ШШ, fg 5 - 7шш, »<ЬЛ.г:*Л§5Р’^*:е>-Г.6-
10<ME*‘lbftb, ФТЕ1Ш^Ж/£о-С-Г#^й'^£1\ g-W3i, ft г Ш£5-6.5mm,
9М*ЧМ, ft£7-8mm, WffitftF4<, «# £ ft F> ft V\ SW? 9-llmm K^L, % (ft H 1'Й‘Й < 3
Ъ, 2mm «£'T*‘£>^**‘tH2>. T^'J'ftOi^ftft S 3mm Vi i’tti -L^'KEO&ftft 3 lOwjj
±£ftb, gh'WiW5, ftSRUft $ 7 - 8mm, ia-f№t«£
К1Л113{В, ^ftftS 1mm. 2n=14.
(7ЕЯЯ) 6-7Л. zltBjB, ЕЗЯ, Affl. =--? < 5HffL,
Thunberg ft! 9 H£ L-’t^aS^h-ftO’C, japonicus О^-TpiftlKV'. (IfllJM'
20 6-10/J'7E*‘ipftb, fft£ft£'^¥ftftF>ftwJMt;, SB&ftO'7-93U
WcWm», ft< ^W'&<OUfc£^£±^'ME©£, ftgtoWi:
1t ft' Ь Г 1ft £ Ъ й Щ L ft ft -=ё ft £' Ш £ -Г .
Weedy annual in arableland and waste place, densely covered with distinct hairs. Leaf-
blades 15-30 cm X 3-7 mm; sheaths terete, closed, longer than internodes; ligules 1-2.5 mm tall.
Panicle 15-25 cm long; branches long, 3-6 clustered per node, with loose spikelets. Spikelets
17-23 mm X 5-7 mm, hardly compressed, 6 to 10-flowered. Glumes unequal, rounded on back;
the lower glume 5-6.5 mm long, 3-nerved; the upper 7-8 mm, 7 to 9-nerved. Lemmas rough,
papery, ovate-oblong, 9-11 mm long, with awns inserted below apices; awns of lower florets
straight and 3 mm long or so; those of upper florets 10-12 mm long, straight when young,
strongly recurved at maturity. Paleas slightly shorter than lemmas, ciliate on keels. Stameis
3; anthers 1 mm long. Chromosome number 2n= 14.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China, Central
Asia, Europe. Introduced to N. America, REFER. Key to Bromus spp.... Ohwi(1965): 156-157.
Koyama(1987): 33. Thuberg(1784) Fl. Jap.: 52. Clayton(1986): 144-146.
386
POOIDEAE BROMEAE У t+S
й:да V.18
387
KARASU-NO-CHAHIKl[Jap.] CHESS[Am.] Rye BROME[Eng.]
Bromus secalinus L., Sp. Pl.: 76(1753).
1-2^. 30-80cm. ^ftlift? 10-20cm, ^3~6(tii
tc9)mm, Wg-Zotif Ibtttl, ЗУШтс^ИС-С, ££КЕ^©тйШ4.
5itЙ ? 1 - 2mm. PWW'ftft S 10-20сш Х'^йШП, 2 - 5 *, 1 - 4 'W
эЦ5. ft? 12-24mm, 6-11 <МЕй» ft 9$-
SSRtift? 4-6mm, 3-5Ж, 6 - 7шш, 7R^%t>, $f--^.t »)-f о £ ШЧК1'. ОВД
1ЙНЖ, ft ? 6 - 7mm, 7Ж UlftI1! (, ( Н-Зч М-^л'ОИй» E>ft ? 8mm fS £’O l£: А'Ш й> Jti
i)ед»<^iaa, Ф#й^й>ь^л.бj: 5cft»>, eng<s!)M
l*l^ti^®£|B|ft, ФШХЕйЧ о £ ШйЧК< , Ж#±1-И®1'€-д‘^И'6Шх.6. #j(ift?1.2-
2.5mm. ^Jettft ? 6mm £ Ь , SltStfiftti. 'J<^ £ fc. &&Ш 2n=28.
СТЕЗЯ) 5-8Л. Ml 77М~^-7-77деШ mt*® <
WW. 0*-Ctil916<]iJti®ig-C^Zi'ft, (|ё|£я*'£Ш
ti^H^3-5»R£ 7Г^И. «1К1Й!< |*JW^< iO, i*jg4©tS# l-.K-i
ft-=6, ttf6ftft/f, *^o^(T^<o^<o^4>^UR-cn^^ftV')ft£'*'<^.
B. commutatus Schrad. ЖВДКЙНЯ'С' % ^х.-бЖ^б^ШФ, tcФФ1ЭД< ё=®,
Ф^('Ш-=ё, ФЙН1ШгФ-Г<, Фт^фГ-оП<±й^8!МЪ, 7Е^0±Я57?'1'ЙГЯф?Ей^
Xfc 4>О黧 (со < .
Adventive annual in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, 30-80 cm tall; leaf-blades 10-20 стхЗ-в
(-9) mm, loosely hairy. Leaf-sheaths terete, closed, mostly glabrous; only lower ones often
tomentose with so minute hairs that are invisible by naked eyes; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle
10-20 cm long, nodding branches 2-5 per node, each bearing 1-4 spikelets. Spikelets slightly
flattened, 12-24 mm long, 6 to Il-flowered, usually glabrous, sometimes loosely hairy. Glumes
unequal; the lower 4-6 mm, 3 to 5-nerved; the upper 6-7 mm, 7-nerved. Lemmas broadly
elliptic, 6-7 mm, 7-nerved, rounded and not-keeled on back, at maturity both margins strongly
involute revealing the rachilla, retuse at apices, with a straight awn inserted near apex,
sometimes awnless. Paleas as long as lemmas, broadest in the upper halves; keels loosely
ciliate. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Native to Africa and Eurasian Continent, and naturalized in nontropical regionsof
the world. In Japan occasionally occurs in Hokkaido and Honshu. REFER. Clayton(1986): 144-
146. Hubbard(1984): 87. (1958) ffi^®!5kl9^ 1 %: 2-5.
388
POOIDEAE BROMEAE t*®
g: ИНИН V.15
389
НлмА-CHAHiKifJap.] Soft BROME[Eng.] Soft ciressfAnb
Bromus mollis L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1:112 (1762).-B. hordeaceus L. (1753) in part. —B.
hordeaceus subsp. mollis (L.) Hyl.(1845).
1-2ЖЖ. £^^ЖЙ, iW$ 30-80cm, 2 - 5 Й51 •) ft •), Ш
ftS 5-20cm, Ш 3 - 5mm, «
КЙС, 2.5mm lUT’CgftftftV'. W<ft S 5-10cm, jljfc,
lilt 1 - 5 <МЙ&о^, fiSc^Lft^Jf-Ctid<^-r^FBlft<?SML<^x.2>. 12-18И..6-
lO/KEA^ftb, 5 - 6mm, 3-5Ж,
8шт-С5-7Ш^%О. Ш-НвШ, ft £7-8mm, 7Ш, Wttf4<m£46f,
МЛ-С^РЗ^О2Ш£* b, ^Ob-r*‘T*‘blS*LZc^*‘tB2>. etiftS 6-10mm.
0.8-2mm. 2n=28.
ITEMS] 6-7 Я. (#=fi) «J6£*M ©TWltc t H. ti'bhi. з-Руя~>
^У7ОЖЙ-С, (П5£<7>*'£') ^©ТЙФЖ BiEtSftHlttTt/?, *П%'НЗ-5®й
1ЕХ7-9Ж^%о^Я WiS'fr£ftE>-r, £W®W. [7
-h) Linng^ ПЙ^ОШ (1753)tc^Lft B. hordeaceus L. ОМтТО, И<оМ>|№-
t4-t^o<>£o)^x< trft«>, <>ШййП’М. Ж
li* P. M. Smith(1980)li subsp. hordeaceus + t££ Et V'£. Еэ&ЙЭД'З'йЙЖ
liftl'Ot, Жй<с£Еv', В. mollis £ ItfcV't.
Adventive annual. Culms loosely tufted or solitary, 30-80 cm tall, 2 to 5-noded; nodes
tomentose; leaf-blades grayish-green, flat, 5-20 cm X 3-5 mm, tomentose on both surfaces,
sheaths closed, tomentose; ligules under 2.5 mm tall. Panicle 5-10 cm, erect, contracted, will,
short branches. Spikelets 6 to 10-flowered, 12-18 mm long. Glumes narrowly ovate, obtuse a:
apices; the lower 5-6 mm long, 3 to 5-nerved; the upper 6-8 mm long, 5 to 7-nerved. Lemmas
obovate, 7-8 mm long, 7-nerved, rounded and not keeled on back, membranous, retuse at
apices, with a straight awn 6-10 mm long inserted near the apex. Paleas shorter than lemmas
ciliate on the keels. Anthers 2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. Native to Europe and Siberia, and naturalized in N. America. In Japan found in
Hokkaido and Honshu, not common. REFER. Clayton(1965): 144-146. Edit. Tutin(1980): 18!.
Hubbard(1984): 77.
390
POOIDEAE BROMEAE
«:ЛЙЙШЖ$/Т«ЯВТ VII. 25
391
ЗХХ7 7 tr Ko-suzuME-NO-CHAHiKi[Jap.] Awnless вкоме[Ео?.]
Bromus inermis Leyss., Fl. Hal. ed. 1:16(1761).-Zerna inermis (Leys.) Lindm.(1918).—
Bromopsis inermis (Leys.) Holub.(1973).--Bromus glabrescens Honda(1928).—В. fate-
wakii Honda(1930).
SltiiWS 40-70cm. Д£ 10-20cm, i® 3-1Оош>, 3 1 - 2m. №
|?Ш, AS 10-20cm, ^-g|5 2-5*0fe^tHL, ФЙ116-11
/NEd‘₽>fcoT, £< FXBSIfeK.&t 9, &ВШДЗ 1.5-2.5(-3)cm, ® 2 - 3mm W, Ш
г^-г>£Ф7Ед^«>^йо-сШЗ-4|пш^^?>. Shifts 4-6mm, Ш, M-Шад?6-fc
-СЗЖ. ft§10-13iDiD,
t fcHgt < MAz5 1 - 2mm nWi&to < . |*ji 9
? 4-эгпш. 2n=28, 42, 56.
(7ЕЙЯ17-8Я. (ЗЮ я-р yz<d»₽>^ У 7ЮШ, 7-27, L<Wii.
SfcflHbt*. ОгЫШ. (й««
*'Г) <h л, г$-=ё, 6-11 d'7E^e>ВОЙН'
Ж -Д^ o-2mm ©С, 4 - 5mm % £ £ <h- X 1/Л • 7 p - A •/5Х
£ JUi'ftfc.
Introduced perennial cultivated or escaped in arableland, quite glabrous except some
varieties. Culms 40-70 cm tall, with creeping rhizomes and long runners. Leaf-blades 10-®
cmX3-10 mm, dark-green, smooth; sheaths closed; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle 10-20 cm long,
erect; branches 2-5 per node, each bearing 1-4 spikelets. Spikelets 1.5-2.5 (-3)cm long, 2-3(3-
4 when dried) mm wide, dark-green to blackish-violet, 6 to 11-flowered, slightly flattened.
Glumes lanceolate, unequal; the lower 4-6 mm, 1-nerved; the upper 6-8 mm, 3-nerved. Lemmas
lanceolate with obtuse or retuse tips, 10-13 mm long, with 3 thick nerves and 2-4 thin nenes,
awnless or with 1-2 mm long awns. Paleas slightly shorter than lemmas. Anthers 4-5™
long. Chromosome number 2n = 28, 42, 56.
DI STR. Native to Europe and Siberia, and widely cultivated or naturalized in Asia and N.
America. In Japan, rather common in Hokkaido, and casual in the other districts. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 144-146. Key to Bromus spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 156-157. Koyama(1987):33.
Ж-(1958)®^Й^19^ 1 t: 2-5.
392
POOIDEAE BROMEAE -f h+S
T
xO. 82
«:WIU«V.15, »®$^гЖ2дагГ VI. 12
393
— -fe 3 Jz у У NisE-KOBANSoii[Jap.] Rattlesnake CHESs[Am.i
Bromus brizaeformis Fisch, et Mey., Ind. Semi. Hort. Petrop. 3: 30(1837).
20-80cm, 2-3(4;
(2-)3- 6mm, ЙЙ
^T?®5 1-2mm. ftffitftS 6-15cm, feltiffl < t44t£L, 1 t £K.2-ЗЙО
ФЯЙ&ОЦ*. ft 5 10-30mm, ffiio-15mm, 8~16 Ф7ЕЙ‘ Ь К >) , WK
M-WtiftS 4-7mm, 3-5M, M-W^ftS 7-12mm, 7-9Ж^2>*.
1>L^, ftS i®HIWft-C7-12mm, 7-9Ж SfcttftS O.5-lw0£
WHR<, & t. Ъ КЖ# 11£ fiStt®g©2/3ai'®ft?t,
2n=14.
(7ЕЯВ) 7 Л. 4>^7^7^ip/J'7i?7fcd>H-CO®^iV'bh., 0*-C4id'-ot^$hfc:
Ьй'&Ъ. ^liftSFJ^K^-fliLfc t©fcX ofc. 9 4 - ЛУхЗДТ?. Jt*, в - я
i V' 5. (|ё]£<7)*'Г)
ЯШ© => ,< -z у -> (p. 154)fckt^^ 9 ^-М'йЧ = z< •/ у -> it/JsSg*:® < -СШ,
^Г7х0, T£%tofc<fcV\
Adventive annual casual in arableland. Culms 20-80 cm tall, with 2 or 3 leaves; leaf blades
(2-)3-6mm wide, tomentose on both surfaces;sheaths terete, closed, covered with retrorse
hairs; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Panicle large, nodding; branches semiverticillate, slender, with
usually 1 spikelet per branch. Spikelets compressed, 10-30 mm X10-15 mm, 8 to 16-flowered;
lower glume 4-7 mm, 3 to 5-nerved, upper glume 7-12 mm, 7 to 9-nerved. Lemmas rhombic,
7-12 mm long and nearly as wide, 7 to 9-nerved, light-green, bordered with hyalin margin
without or with short awn under 1 mm long, obscurely keeled on back. Palea 2/3 as long as
lemmas; keels ciliate with patent hairs. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to Central Asia and Asia Minor. Introduced in Europe and N. America.In
Japan casual in Honshu. REFER. Clayton(1986): 142-143. Edit. Tutin(1980): 188. Hitchcock
(1971): 46-47.
394
POOIDEAE BROMEAE
vn. 1
395
A dp lNUMUGi[Jap.] California brome[Aih.]
Bromus unioloides H. В. K., Nov. Gen. Sp. 1:151(1815).-B. catharticus Vahl, invalid name
(1791).--B. haenkeanus (Presl) Kunth(1833).
4o-ioocm, jofe, зутлги-зои,
ФЭ 4-10mm, b,
mg-HiSS 3-5mm. FWft^UftS 15-25cm, 2 - 3(4) L, *Mrhl-
4W8W*. 'J'WiftS 2-2.5cm, 6-10 <МЕй»е> K. <), UftHfcHT, g
fe, M-^g, 9-llmm, 3-5Я M-WHft3 12-14mm, 7 - 9(-ll)Ж
4. Ж&OlHi-V', ft <? 14“ 17mm, jSi%10M,
1/2 OftS-C, 0*
5т?, ^o&ib-f^rftS 0.5mm, 'НШМа^Оё^П.
^Hft§7-8mm, 2n = 28, 42.
(01)5-8/3. Ml Ж*Ю, ЯтК0*Ж (|s)£<7)*'?] Д
5 2-2.5cm, ei7xHAz^¥T:'^feO/hW. <3^1* 3 ~ 5 SliU 7 - 9 Ж ^ШгШОЖ-СЗДЧсО, 0*
ГЛ-stV'S 0.5mm, 1/2 й£йЧШТг&;5. (7-1)
ft < В. unioloides H. В. K. £>:&£<t A. Hitchcock(1935) й> В. catharticus Vahl Od'f
ofc. C. Hubbard, Parodi, G. Stebbins, P. Raven fx Hitchcock
fxt'i V'l'tti L, Raven(1960)eiT 7 у *-C' Rescue grass <E =t B.
willdenowii Kunth <E V'о fcfc LifiOsimitcglzn^h-fc Rescue grass ttBtO
T y. T 7 t 0 B. unioloides H. В. K.
£®bh6. iWmj; < Шс®Яй‘7с< ЗЛ,£>Ь, ^©ei’b^t^SbLV'.
Naturalized perennial common on roadside or grassland in inhabited areas. Culms loosely
tufted, 40-100 cm tall. Leaf-blades 15-30 cmX4-10mm; sheaths closed, slightly compressed
and weakly keeled on back; the lower ones tomentose with patent hairs, while the upper
glabrous; ligules 3-5 mm tall. Panicle 15-25 cm long; branches 2-4 per node, with a fen-
spikelets on each drooping branch. Spikelets very compressed, green, 6 to 10-flowered.
lanceolate, scabrous and glabrous. Lower glume 9-11 mm long, 3 to 5-nerved; the upper 12-
14 mm long, 7 to 11-nerved, both sharply keeled on back, awnless. Lemmas ovate, 14-17 mm
long, ca. 10-nerved, green except for hyalin margins, closely imbricated, with a short awn a.
1-3 mm long at apices. Paleas 1/2 as long as lemmas. Anthers 0.5 mm long, all cleistogamous.
Grains deeply grooved on one side. Chromosome number 2n = 28, 42.
DISTR. Native to S. America. Perhaps widespread in the non-tropical and non-arctic
regions of the world, troublesome weed in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 142-143. Raven
(1960): 219-221. Gould(1975): 84-85. Hitchcock(1971): 34. Honda(1930): 40.
396
TS: Transverse section of grain
POOIDEAE BROMEAE t*iS
ft.t₽J3f|j V.23, V.9
397
YAKUNAGA-INUMUGl[Jap.] CALIFORNIA BROME[Am.i
Bromus carinatus Hook, et Am., Bot., Beechey Voy.: 403(1840).------Ceratochloa grandiflon
Hook.(1840).----B. oregonus Nutt, ex Hook. fil.(1856).---B. virens Buckel.(1862).—B.
californicus Nutt, ex Buckel.(1862).
SK 30-80cm©^^$.
ft$ 20-30cm, Й 5-10mm, ®$5-7и.
PJStTEfftiftS 20-ЗОст, ft<t$^MI±l,
2.5-3cm, (Х5-9ФТЕй^7х О, ФТЕ^ЯЖ
tiWWK, Wti&WI^-^Eft-C, M~WfiftS 6-9mm, £:
WtiftS 10-15mm, i ftc* 14-17mm, Ш
г 4-iomm ойй lfee t ft ъ. 2/з ft <• e> i'-с, & l-ж з м шл г 4 - 5шш
ЕНШЯ^ШНТй^. Ж^Е©^й^М^(Ф«Ж^^^Ф5/сФ/Е)%-<£, ИШЕ^Ш 1-.ИТ.
2п=56.
(OD 4-6Л. (Ж) 9 Л У ЛОЛ !) 7t^
т>Н. (|в)5ёл*'Г) вШ^ * JESSH-f 9¥<> MTEB^ft* .ЕФТЕоШЧ
I'X ФадйЧ-£ И й‘£>*£*. ^0^0enft54-10mm(^ X А =?-СИ 0 - 4mm), BWE^ftC J
®6о^оТЙФ?>ой‘0/го. rtSUilOio 2/3-3/4 ft-c,
7 A=vcti^fe)fti'o*-c%^HibH?>. №^лю«й
(1988)tc±iao^^4^7c. /с/сЬИ^ТЕО^Пфги. (/-H -два ад гажлняади зе
р. 128 ^O-ftfJO X У-Г 7 а 4-' В. sitchensis &ХйлЁО«й "С, "V 7 Л*-< 7 а 4г'С<Ь5.
Naturalized perennial growing in waste places in inhabited areas. Culms 30-80 cm tall,
tufted, erect. Leaf-blades 20-30 cm X 5-10 mm, flat to folded, rough on margins; sheaths
glabrous, puberulent only near the mouth, slightly compressed, keeled on back; ligules tri-
angular, membranaceus, 5-7 mm tall. Panicle 20-30 cm long, inclined; branches semiverticil-
late, bearing a few to several spikelets on the upper halves, very long, divergent to nodding;
Spikelets 2.5-3 cm long, 5 to 9-flowered. Glumes unequal, ca. 6-9:10-15 mm long, strongly-
keeled on back, usually 5-nerved. Lemmas lanceolate, 14-17 mm long, rather laxly imbricated
revealing rachis at anthesis, yellowish-green, with a straight awn at apex; awn 4-10 mm long
palea slightly shorter than lemma. Stamens 3; anthers yellow, 4-5 mm long, hanging at
anthesis. The uppermost florets usually far smaller than the others, cleistgamous, with small
anthers under 1 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=56.
DISTR. N. America, introduced to Eurasia, also to southern Japan. Type locality California.
398
POOIDEAE BROMEAE
«:йИОв8Ш*И]- IV.23
399
YAMA-KAMOJIGUSA[Jap.] FALSE BROMEfEngJ
Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 101 & 155(1812).-Festuca sylvaliai
Huds.(1762).---F. misera Thunb.(1784).
UfUWUfr!), ёйй'ЬШгТй*»*.
40-80crn, K-jfiV'%<Oi)>bWi
©Ш©*?, 10-25cm, i®5-10mm, ±T»St Ш'>»< W,
-ex ent,
$ 1mm hi F. 7-13cm, 5~12 ffifi tUlW
id-5. 1mm 7Е#©$1Й(СХ b^l', Д5 15-30mm, 544 <НЕй‘£>№>Л
5-7mm, 3-4JK, 8-llBm, 7-8ШИЧ g&WftS 9-13mm, £<1Ш
Л5 7-13mm ©ЖЙЬЛге^/х^. i ЗШ«г2-Зи.
2n=18.
ЮТ 6-7 Я. (^) ш BB,
(|в)5Ё<7>*'Г) 5-121@»i'0'hW*‘«n’bK:o<i^tt7EJ5::, 1mm
7-9Ж£%^» lcmlWOil*Lfc£fc£V<®-C2>;5.
/f(0ttt©8), Ф1Н№£-<, ЙД1Ж<1'.
i t) WS * '/л+'Д Elymus о tc < MH №& 5JKt^>2>
Rather densely hairy to nearly glabrous perennial usually growing on rocks in the forests.
Culms slender, stiff, densely tufted, 40-80 cm tall; nodes pubescent with short retrorse hairs.
Leaf-blades 10-25 cm X 5-10 mm, distinctly narrowed towards both ends, flat; ligules ca. 1 mm
tall. Racemes 7-13 cm long, slender, nodding to pendulous, loose, with 5-12 spikelets appressed
to rachis. Spikelets 15-30 mm long, 5 to 14-flowered; pedicel only 1 mm long. Glumes lan-
ceolate, not-keeled; the lower 3 to 4-nerved, the upper 7 to 8-nerved. Lemmas 9-13 mm long,
rounded on back, 7 to 9-nerved, tapering into a straight awn 7-13 mm long at apices. Paleas
nearly as long as lemmas, loosely ciliate on the keels. Stamens 3; anthers 2.5 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n=18.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Widespread in the temper-
ate regions of Eurasian Continent. REFER. Clayton(1986): 149-150. Hubbard(1984): 89. Honda
(1936): 151-155.
400
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE A#®
T
XO.8
S: vn.10
401
Ao-KAMOJIGUSA[Jap.l
Elymus racemifer (Steud.) Tsvel., Novosti sist. vyssh. rast: 72(1974).-Bromus racemifms
Steud.(1854).---Roegneria racemifera (Steud.) Kitagawa(1967).-----------Brachypodim
japonicum Miq.(1867) in part.----Brachypodium japonicum var. minor Miq.(1867).—
Agropyron ciliare (Trin.) Franch. var. minus (Miq.) Ohwi(1953).
О1Ж ^й‘Ь«ЙЬХй;$40-100с1п.
$ 10-25cm, IB 4 - 8mm, $ 1-1.4mm,
ждавший $ 10-20cm,
SAS. 'J'WtftS 10-15mm, 4-7<МЕй‘₽>&!?, $ 5 - 8mm i Л 5-7
7-10mm, 5Ш, ftliLti'Lti'JI< HA,-O'J'$ft 2 ® i ft b , +
10-18mm, $СС&< < R Ь '&%.
M IWW 2/3-4/5 ©>$-<?, ЙЖРЖ 2t#O0e
ШтФЛ! 9i ft b,
2n = 28.
(TERO) 5-7Л. Ml 4UO, QB, ЛЯ b. ФВ ? *4?»
ЙФ. Ф»Ш6«Л:^Ш^6т?4-7Ф7Ей‘ЬЙ:»), МЬМЙ<, -Ж
mWI0«<, ?^Ш< «ЕЙККОЗО. (/-H
Weedy perennial growing in inhabited areas. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 40-100 cm tall.
Leaf-blades 10-25 cm x 4-8 mm, glabrous; ligules 1-1.4 mm tall, with truncate and rather
regularly dentate upper margins. Spikes exserted, 10-20 cm long, light green, inclined to
nodding, with a sessile spikelet per node. Spikelets 10-15 mm long, 4 to 7-flowered, laterally
compressed; glumes subequal, 5 to 7-nerved, 5-8 mm long. Lemmas 7-10 mm long, 5-nerved.
soft-hairy on back, usually retuse at apices, with an awn inserted between the minute teeth;
awn green, 10-18 mm long, strongly recurved when dried. Paleas 2/3-4/5 as long as lemma,
narrowly oblong broadened towards apices, the upper margins between two keels slightly
retuse to truncate, short ciliolate on the upper halves of the keels. Callus glabrous. Chromo-
some number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Very common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), China?
NOTE K. Koidzumi (1930) proposed Agropyron racemiferum (Steud.) based on Bromni
racemiferus Steud. (1854) described from Japan. This problem will be discussed in the
following page. REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-151. Steudel(1855): 323. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 118.
402
АР: Apex of palea.
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE
v-29
403
Л У ft -t 'S' 7 TACHI-KAMOJIGUSA, UsUGE-KAMOJIGUSA[jap.'
Elymus racemifer (Steud.) Tsvel. var. japonensis (Honda) Osada comb. nov.-------Agropyron
japonense Honda(1935).-----A. japonicum Honda(1927) not of Tracy(1891) name only.—A.
ciliare (Trin.) Franch. var. pilosum (Korsh.) Honda(1927) based on Triticum ciliare Trin.
forma pilosum Korsh.(1892) described from Amur region.
M) *)+l, ИЙ, Mlom (7-H
K-Z^FfT, 7 Л >>/t Agropyron ciliare=Elymus ciliaris i <t lift?» 4 L, ^EHiEiA, A#
a*O7t*t->/tttro^|iLtgbnx^fc. L^L-Л', 'MJH
N.N.Tsvelev OiJK, 7 ti> * O/tliAS© 4 © i *> i l' 5^4^>ofc.
4tJHBd(TiCAKoJ0.5ш
F*3^©^i±^tc|SjWCH^t--o^tHL, 7 t* * 5
4к*1Ш'*о2,шй1н soffli^sw-tt'S. ш^Фиаьж, и&, m ±ж)ш
$ 6tc^ti-=g^>Z£ < ,
1'1 5fc£bhfc. ffMtWII©^X(1967)^#^^nZci\ 4fe;|tW^
й*', IW, Um** L-Cl^fcV'A®^. fcfc'LA:#^©^^
L T, Agropyron ciliare var. pilosum L X l' % Zo, % ©ЗЖ A fc o fc Triticum ciliare forma
pilosum H7 a — /bite^j^ibnBSRc? fritz 4 ©X, 0A® 7 trt> -t p'-y- fr fiSlj© 4 <t> iOiz
£>, Ж^й-Ь1В© <t 5 K-i < H A© 7-t> -t s> y'y-liz.^tz Ъ A. japonense Honda(1935) <0Й'|'
ШоХ»»'*:.
Though closely allied to the former variety, this is distinguished by the glabrous lemmas
which sometimes short ciliate only along margins, and by usually erect and occasionally
inclined spikes.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). NOTE Elymus ciliaris -Agropyron
ciliare occurs in China, Korea and Far Eastern USSR. Its most allied species in Japan, namely
Ao-kamojigusa including Tachi-kamojigusa in Japanese, have been referred to its varieties
by M. Honda, J. Ohwi and many other Japanese botanists. However M. Kitagawa (1967) on
detailed study of this group, proposed that the Japanese plant is endemic to Japan and called
it Roegneria racemifera (Steud.) Kitagawa. According to him, the continental race clearly
distinguishable from Japanese one by its far lower ligules (ca. 0.5 mm) and by the paleas with
slightly rounded apices. I support his opinion, based on my observation on many living
materials in China (1989). The Chinese plant, Elymus ciliaris, seemed to have less hairy
glumes, a little lower paleas and hardly recurved awns when dried. Kitagawa does not
recognize as a taxon Honda’s variety called Tachi-kamojigusa in Japanese. But I am of the
same opinion with Ohwi’s to recognize it, merely I cannot accept the variety name pilosum
(Korsh.) Honda, adopted in Ohwi’s literatures. Because its based name Triticum ciliare
forma pilosum was described from Amur district, and it is clear that it cannot be used to
Japanese endemic race. Then, I adopted the epithet of A. japonense Honda (1935) to the
variety epithet of the so-called Tachi-kamojigusa in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-151.
Kitagawa(1967): 219-233. Koyama(1987): 69-71.
404
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE 4^=1''У±=£®4э А#Ж
гшийдаадт v.29
405
KAMOJIGUSA[Jap.]
Elymus tsukushiensis Honda var. transiens (Hack.) Osada comb. nov.-----------Agropym
semicostatum Nees ex Steud. var. transiens Hack.(1903).---A. kamoji Ohwi(1942).—A.
tsukushiense (Honda) Ohwi var. transiens (Hack.) Ohwi(1953).-------A. semicostatum of
Japanese authors, not (Steud.) Nees et Boiss(1884).
W©&$, 40-100cm. 20-ЗОса, Й
5-10mm, ХтшЖЙ. 15-25cm, < ©ФЖ&оН%. 'Hfifift?
15-25mm, 5-10 >) , ВЙ&t 'ЖШО, ft?
4.5-7mm, Igttft2 9-12mm,
ot, 1.5-3cmOiSfi:Lfc^£fc?>. iWHSiRftt,
feftli 2n=42.
(JEMB) 5-7 Я. (ЗЭО Wit, ИВ, Л^Н, ЖЗ& «Ш, ФВ. * 4
(|й)^©*'Г) ЙГПСТ * * * О Lii№tZ.
..Ф&хь±§влч-э£шж<,
еа&Н-^ООгй//^. ФЙ©
...?)< Zfcot, $й
Ий©йтйАШ -9&i£V'-C4ft£A£'£*)jgibftt'. ФМЙ
fe^^tX, -§B(£ <
Perennial common in arableland and inhabited areas. Culms tufted, erect, 40-100 cm tall;
leaf-blades 20-30 cm x 5-10 mm, glabrous, with low inconspicuous ligules. Spike 15-25 an
long, nodding. Spikelets 15-25 mm long, 5 to 10-flowered, usually glaucous-green and tinged
with purple, sometimes pale-green. Glumes lanceolate; the lower 4.5-5.5 mm long and 3-
nerved; the upper 5.5-7 mm long and 5-nerved. Lemmas 9-12 mm long, glabrous, not keeled on
back, 5-nerved, awned at apex; the awn straight, 1.5-3 cm long, usually dark violet, not
reflexed when dried. Paleas as long as lemmas, the internerval areas gradually narrowed
above, narrowly winged on the upper halves; wing serrulate with minute spinules. Chromo-
some number 2n=42.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, China.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 150, 155. Gould & Shaw(1983): 194, 198.
406
W: ftЙ©IS Wing of palea.
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE -f
XO. 82
VI. 4
407
ONI-KAMOJIGUSA[Jap,l
Elymus tsukushiensis Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 50:391 (1936).-Agropyron tsukushim.
(Honda) Ohwi (1937).
<hWi±t<, &ЙПс1-21@<п>-с, ft£^*an2<hBl.t
(ТЕМА) 5-6Л. И7Й
?а15Ш)ОЖ faiawrt, kiowmEoseg^s. S«(1989)B
i-L'SBSivO'fc. O-H ifflEWtili Elymus ЖЕ Lfc©f^lc^£i-*^l6E¥4t*'J'g
Ш=®адШФЙ©тй<Ш Agropyron Юк® L, «
gtt* * Elymus!
E Agropyron ЖЕ ©lOL&K'OV'-’Cfi, l't EctcRijJg;^ < W. D. Clayton(1986) KI
fitf, И©йЛ'1Ш©1 )K&5.
Elymus...Ш£7ЕЮШ®, 'ЖШМЕ £кШхШЕ1,
МНМ, 3-9№^4t>, »5Ж WJi'iPK, Е t
M. 1&ЮкИи'£150й, goft^Sft^’/A^
E. sibiricus L.
Agropyron..ФВН&ЮкЖФ., ОкЕй-dT, < L©S
i-5M^4t>, wosmw
%ФЖ»^%*‘ЬФВ^ДЙ’»9, t-xnn, -*-
•^-77KK.ti5. л -г -v EOftblrTic^'l'. A. cristatum (L.) Gaert.
5gp.81).
EEliC ifUf, ЯфО* УЧ®ШЕЛТИ Elymus KA^tLt5. £r L E> Л * >/•?£
Agropyron E L--tiR 5 С E ©Й 5 й»'ЕЁ|&•?&£> С E H, ±в£ОЙ^О A. cristatum
% Йй I) |q Ec &. С Т?Й1 о Ус Elymus btc Roegneria, Leymus, Rft© Elymus УхЕЧс^ЦбЯШ’
HiX <?>*», ^5-r^EJgO^^^t/c>l^fc7£-,-t< ?>. Ж^-НСГ-СЛ Clayton
Elymus © 5 t>T '/* Leymus(i±^-tKf3;j£408, ФбФ, LJf L НйаФШ^ОЕ L, (fill
Elymus -С-E ® 5 (^M 9 Ж#Ю.
Perennial occasionally growing in disturbed land in northern Kyushu. Though closely allied
to E. tsukushiensis var. transiensis, usually larger and more robuster; some spikelets paired
mixed with some solitary ones; glumes and lemmas loosely hispid especially on veins. This
species was described as Elymus in 1936, and was transferred to Agropyron by J. Ohwi.
DISTR. Very rare; endemic to coastal regions of northern Kyushu including Isis. Tsushima.
NOTE As was pointed out by F. W. Gould (1983); natural hybrids between the genus
Agropyron and Elymus have been found; and Stebbins, Parodi, Gould and others concluded
that several species of Agropyron (both not of Clayton’s sense) are more closely related lo
species of Elymus than they are to one another based on morphological characteristics.
According to Clayton (1986), Elymus in the world amounts to 150 species in number and best
represented in Asia. While Agropyron only 15 species, mainly Mediterranean, through the
Middle East to China, also Australia and New Zealand, growing in open steppes on dry sandy
soils. The so-called Agropyron in Japan are better to be transferred to Elymus. REFER. Gould
& Shaw(1983): 194, 198-200. Clayton(1986): 150,155.
408
W: Wing of palea. HA: eOiffiO^i Hairs on lemmi
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE •<A#S
V.25
409
A 74 iJ * Й lBUKi-KAMojiGUSA[Jap.] Bearded coucH[Eng.j
Elymus caninus (L.) L., Fl. Suec. ed. 2:39(1755).-Triticum caninum L.(1753).—
pyron caninum (L.) Beauv. (1812).
й^зо-ж
10-25СШ, Й 4 - 8mm, S 10cm ДД, I
3Z, <Ь«т 2?ijtc&tf, ФйкН,
йг ll-15mm, 3-6Ф7Е1 0 КЪ. Й $ 7 - 9mm, < £ йЦ, Lt
3-5UR^otfltH, 1ГИН1'. ФЯоШМ&кадиШ*.
11mm, 5Жй'^9, IftiFK, ЯКЖЬ, йг 7-20mmO^<h7£^. £1*ФФЙ1#гП
л,^*zx<, штч
2n = 28.
(7ЕМЙ) 7Л. W-^l 4У+/Х-/К7, 4r А у-у iz >-у у > <L £ U,
^Е0^ЙОИ1'У-сЖ^0©1§^7с^1'ЬП-С1'?>. 3-p„z«£±, ф7-^7, ->^У7К11К<Ш
ЯИЬГй. ИУтз-р OiTtAt
&1Й1'Х4Л-ЙЬУк1'й:г©^-СОК^5.
Perennial adventive on Mt. Ibuki in central Honshu, without rhizomes. Culms 30-100cm
tall, loosely tufted; leaf-blades 10-25 cm x 4-8 mm, loosely hairy above or glabrous. Spike 10
cm long, erect or nodding, usually green, sometimes tinged with purple. Spikelets sessile,
appressed to rachis, 11-15 mm long, 3 to 6-flowered; glumes persistent, subequal, 7-9 mm long,
3 to 5-nerved, attenuate, often short-awned at apex. Callus and rachilla rough, short-hairy.
Lemmas 9-llmm long, 5-nerved, rounded on back, acute and awned at apices;awns7-20mm
long, nearly straight, not curved when dry; paleas as long as lemmas, scarcely winged on the
keels. Chromosome number 2n=28.
DISTR. Widespread in N. Hemisphere from Europe to Siberia; and the plant on Mt. Ibuki
is said to have been introduced there accompanied with medical plants cultivated in 16th
century. REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-151. Edit. Tutin(1980): 193. Hubbard(1984): 95.
410
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE Л
«:ЙКЙЖ111 VU.1O
411
A * я VlNU-KAMOJIGUSA[Jap.]
Elymus gmelinii (Ledeb.) Tsvel. var. tenuisetus (Ohwi) Osada comb. nov.-Agropyron
turczaninovii Drob. var. tenuisetum Ohwi(1941).-A. gmelinii (Ledeb.) Scribn. et Smith
var. tenuisetum (Ohwi) Ohwi(1953).
^ИЙ£80-100ст, МктЗстМ. Ш
ft? 15-25cm, Ж 3 - 8mm. Жт&ИЙ? 0.5mm, HttTEfffXjSS, ft £ 10-17cm, 'J'S
(ХЖ1Й-С, t), ft£15-20mm, 5 - 7
i iog-CHlfcvO. иш, 6-9Ж, ft?9-lim. Oil
WtfitAzt'IsIft, 5Ж, 5Ь«^»йг2.5-3.!й
ШШФ-ейЙ1Лй<£Ж. filSGiiOURIft, Я«№5<,И
Ж-Я-оТй^ 1/3CS ФТЕоОМИ
&^йЧХх.?>. 2n=28.
(on 6-7Л. wo m<mj
Ifrtm £< iftft-n
ftV'=£, OUfcKmftX'MMS-Wi*, (7-h)±-^HW
НС»у T Л/'ЮШ© A. turczaninovii(1914) t Lt^Wlt
tA, У 7© A.gmelinii(1897) L 5 tcfc^fcfcfe,
x.fc. £ 6tc. t.Elymus b-£ <L /£?>.
Perennial in subalpine grassland in central Honshu. Culms 80-100 cm tall; nodes usually
pubescent with minute hairs. Leaf-blades flat, 15-25 cm x 3-8 mm, with rather thick, tawny
ligules 1.5 mm tall. Spike erect, 10-17 cm long. Spikelets not paired, appressed to rachis,
green, often tinged with purple, 15-20 mm long, 5 to 7-flowered; glumes broadly lanceolate, 6
to 9-nerved. Lemmas as long as glumes, 5-nerved, rough with spinulose hairs on back, awned
at apices; awn 2.5-3.5 cm long, geniculate and recurved when dried. Paleas as long as lemmas
rather thick, minute-hairy on back; keels wingless, rough with long spinulose hairs on the
upper 2/3. Callus bearded.
DISTR. Nagano Pref, in central Honshu, endemic to Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-151.
Kitagawa(1942): 599. Chase et Niles(1962) 1:29. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 114, 133.
412
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE А4тЙ
УШ.17
413
$ о. у* л 3r T AKANE-EZO-MUGl[Jap'
Elymus yubaridakensis (Honda) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6:54(1937); 1. c. 10:101
(1941).--Clinelymus yubaridakensis Honda(1936).
tiffll <-с^й, Й530-50
an. S 5-10cm, Ш(З-) 5 - 8mm, ±®(ЙШ®Ж* ЬйШ^Й»* ?>. $ 0.5m
iOJWJ 6-12сш, ЙЙГ£{с1-2/ЬШгоН-, ФШЬЗ-5 4ЧЕй>Ьй?>й‘>, М'Н
НФ? < (0 Ft), TOd'7Et-^<^X^£ZtV'ti^^V'. &mfiS5-6mm, Ш^й>Ь»1О!йШ
Т, < , Ltf ЗЖ. S$7-10mm, 5Ж tli
PH ЖД1'£1:Й:5. Д£2-Зст, < Й *) £Ъ. (Ш
®8иш£|й]Д, ^о±гФй-=ёй^Й&ЗЁл*. Й1Ш
2.5mm, ЖЦИД S 5mm -C-^IXA- < iz,
(TEW 7Я. Ml WofttiEii
Ь-f, UfUf 1-3(@О'М&Шй'>2М, 2-3cm©eft£Wt
fifes. ₽>£, х'/д^йЦо!
L, ^-/A^n^o^^iSSiLfceiTib, ggO^tttV'tMlK^Sd
й^^й»ДЛ:?>
Perennial growing on alpine region of Hokkaido, with hard rhizomes. Culms slender,
solitary or a few tufted, 30-50 cm tall; leaf-blades 5-10 cmx (3-)5-8 mm, scarsely short-hairy
on upper surface; ligules obscure, 0.5 mm tall. Spike 6-12 cm long, with 1 or 2 spikelets per
node, nodding. Spikelets 12-15 mm long, 3 to 5-flowered; glumes persistent, 5-6 mm long,
linear to linear-oblanceolate, acute, often with a few teeth near apices, 3-nerved. Lemmas
lanceolate, 7-10 mm long, 5-nerved, nearly smooth on back, awned from apices; awns 2-3an
long, strongly recurved when dried. Paleas as long as lemmas, narrowly winged and rough on
the upper halves of keels; anthers 2.5 mm long. Grains 5 mm long.
DISTR. Endemic to Mt. Yubari in Hokkaido, on diabase rock. REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-
151.
414
Ft: ift±'J4E Terminal floret.
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE <A#®
EzO-KAMOJIGUSA[Jap.:
Elymus yezoensis (Honda) Osada comb. nov.--Agropyron yezoense Honda, Bot. Mag.
Tokyo 43:292(1929).
K$ 50-100cm, ^#Hft£ 15-20cm, 3 - 5oo, 1Ш
fd*«-c±T^L, ±®(*£o^®)tWfe*-^ т?^й'»2>»?, Т®(*Жо±®Жйаб-С'Ж
ft<, йшнж©йй»©8&к afeo'Esm
ФШМШ, ЛИЙ, S$15-20mm, 3-7 £364
mm, ЯВ<£й>»), 3-5Ж, s. |»K|®
ft? 7-9mm, 5 Ж, <L < MUi@V-=W!|£, ФЛЯ^ХЖЙ-Г ?>££ ft-pXW.
e © ft ? Я 15-25mm. l^lttggifttfRft. /J'7E©S«tC}XgV'ffi-=g(^fc^)^4i£ 5. Mil
2n = 28.
(7ЕЯВ7-8Я. zltigit, *W(4»^). ШМ5, ФН«. M
Й5^й\ (|э|£<ОЛ'£) iffl< Lft^TrftOfijKSft;», ♦§ 3- 5mm
%ti 3 Ж<£ 5 Ж& o^, ±¥3J к.®о tix. ft(® L ) ft £йW& Ъ. В *© й * ->/t
©W^OHcffi^Chfc^)©#)* Uli, «й4их£&®к.£Ыс^ЬН£>4 у * * ^/-^(p.412)1
»«®^»fcilit-ffi-fkLft4 AM?^-Пр.410)йН-Х'2>%й*>, ММ
Perennial in shady place under the temperate forests. Culms slender, tufted, 50-100 cm tall.
Leaf-blades narrowly linear, 15-20 cm x 3-5 mm; being twisted near the base; abaxial surface
facing up, green, smooth and glossy; adaxial surface facing down, glaucous-green, usually
pilose; ligules under 1 mm tall. Spike slender, nodding, with loose spikelets, green. Spikelets
sessile, appressed to rachis, 15-20 mm long, 3 to 7-flowered. Glumes subequal, lanceolate, 6
8 mm long; shot-hairly on back; the lower 3-nerved and the upper 5-nerved. Lemmas broadly
lanceolate, 7-9 mm long, 5-nerved, hirsute on the upper halves and on margins, with a straight
awn 15-25 mm long at apex. Paleas as long as lemmas; keels rough on the upper halves.
Callus rough with appressed, stiff hairs. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Hokkaido, c. Honshu), n. China, n. Korea. REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-
151.
416
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE < A#®
S-.tO^SrfJ VIII. 2, «W VI.29
417
я Ъ 9 э Ъ Я ? И' *=&'>
KOHRYOH-KAMOJIGUSA, ТAISHAKU-KAMOJl[Jap]
Elymus yezoensis (Honda) Osada var. koryoensis (Honda) Osada comb. nov.—Agropym
koryoense Honda, Koryo-shikenrin-no-ippan 78(1932).-A. yezoense Honda var. koryom.
(Honda) Ohwi(1942).-A. tashiroi Ohwi(1937).
Pg? 50-100cm. 15-
25crn, И 4 -8mm, &-=Ё, h, тТйа^^^й:<, Ж®И±«г4
звшш <-сж <,
li₽>r-o < . ФЙИД? 12-15mm, 4 - 5 'WU 0 t£ V, >) ioK&
7штй^, 3-5ЙО’>2М, Shifts 7-9mm, 5№tA'^>ot, SI
IXFK, M35, е©Д2Ж15-25тт. ®fi, №H
и/ййтшж <{Ы-С1'5йъ /J'tttS
#ЙШШ5©-е^©^й^П4. ±®(^©Ж1Ш8&-с*КогЬ5Й11'1,
®4г Ъv 'TEW, ЙЙ-t Ъ v t£ ^p°Dfi Л -9--Ф 7 Л -9-*‘ ЬИ-Я l-Cl
Я-НЫгЪ 4>о-СгЬ2». (7-H
аэзг^зяю р.78&*вз!ел^15 77-/1
(1930, TI)t L"t, I'-fh-’E Agropyron yezoense ^JtL, Ю(й'|&3з-С£>5 i
(1966). А'^^ЕгЙР^'Е"©^, A. tashiroi ^^.A'L, A. koryoense < Тс-э/сй», 8ЙЯЙ
LA'L, Ж^Х±Гй©Ж'^®^±^Т?Ч©’С2>?>.
Perennial occasionally found in temperate forest. Distinguishable from the typical phaseby
the glabrous spikelets.
DISTR. Japan (Recorded only from Taishaku valley in Hiroshima Pref.), c. Korea. REFER.
Lee(1966): 78.
418
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE 1
ГШШШ V.27
419
HAMA-MUGl[Jap.'
Elymus dahuricus Turcz. ex Griseb. in Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4:331(1852).-Clinelymus dahuritx
(Turcz. ex Griseb.) Nevski(1932).-E. cylindricus (Franch.) Honda(1930).-E.franchelii
Kitag. (1968).
Й £ 50-lOOan, &ЗЛ
10-20cin, ^4-10mm, 0.5mm
^X.ftl\ ftS8-16cm, §fe. 'b
1-1.5cm, 3-4'J<fE*‘bft»), iOU 1адй> t < , ft57-lh,
ДЬЗ|ЦО&ЖЯ<ХШ'2 ftfifiirtset ft 5. »
Д? 8-12mm, &Ш, WliH<, t if Ь о X fco t, 5 Ж. ФЛШКад? 10-20«®E
tнад, t#u?e>o<. &ад$2«. a
^fe^H2n = 28, 42.
(OD 6-8 Я. Ml «Ж, Ш ®ЗЖ ФД4ЬЖ, ->-< У
УЖЖ^хЖ^'Г ЛЛ'ЙНЗЖ [l4lJ^o*'grj ^o5ig^4-C, titЛ£14П1ГШ, 1-2сш®|
V'tE, 3-44<fEa>6ft »5, 2<В-Го£<с< -?oV'fc/J'ffi®2S)1 OU 9 W;
i'< дах'/л+'ti<й-о5й'>, х/А¥Ш№£ття.
ШЗШ Jilim&o
Perennial usually along the seashore, without creeping rhizome. Culms tufted, thick, erect,
50-100 cm tall. Leaf-blades 10-20 cmX 4-10 mm, glabrous; sheaths and nodes also glabrous
and smooth; ligules 0.5 mm tall, barely seen by the naked eyes. Spike solitary on the tip of
culm, erect, 8-16 cm long; many paired spikelets densely arranged on the rachis. Spikelets 1-
1.5 cm long, 3 to 4-flowered; glumes equal, 7-11 mm long, 3 to 7-nerved, attenuate at apex and
usually with an apical awn up to 3-5 mm long. Lemmas 8-12 mm long, lanceolate, 5-nen’ed,
somewhat scabrous on back; the apical awn 10-20 mm long, slightly recurved; paleas as long
as lemmas. Anthers 2 mm long; grains narrowly oblong and with white hairs at apices.
Chromosome number 2n=28,42.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu), e. Siberia, n. China, Korea,
Mongol. REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-151. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 111. Ohwi(1965): 155. Koyama
(1987): 48-51.
420
2S: i 2 cl'» Paired spikelets
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE A#S
xo.8 2
Й. ШО* VII.20
421
Д YAMA-MUGl[Jap.]
Elymus dahuricus Turcz. ex Griseb. var. villosulus (Ohwi) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot.10.
101(1941).-E. villosulus Ohwi(1941)-E. osensis Ohwi(1937).
70-ЮОсш, ШЙ, Л?4Ь, ''^+Х1£^=^ЙН<,
fit
НЖЧоЖ, S^<fc ^Ь-Г-МСЗЙИ. ФЙЙ'2
(7ЕЙЙ) 6-7Л. [«•«) 1ЙШ*МФШ)©8£. - -* a +' tclfc^,
®5t^o±TKiT[Rito^^*%c ft*. Ойадв
-e, ^Sos$tt88
О 1/2 UTX'^^OX',
Perennial on mountainous grassland or border of forests, without creeping rhizome.
Distinguished from var. dahuricus by the more slender and hairy habit, especially by the
culm-nodes densely tomentose with retrorse hairs.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Rare; Hokkaido and c. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-
151.
422
2S: ЖТ.Т Z> 'J'SI Paired spikelets
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE
й• «MKilJ VI, rtiOMuiJ VII. 8
423
-X У Д Ezo-MUGi[Jap/
Elymus sibiricus L., Sp. PL: 83(1753).-Clinelymus sibiricus (L.) Nevski(1932).—£
yesoensis Honda (1930).
50-100cm,
V\ Bfrttft? 10-25an, Ш 4-10mm, -С£й®1,
ft? 8-15cm, 2(g-fLXjfcfrZtоfc'W't
ft? 1.2-1.5cm, 3-4 4<й‘6&*. &mft£ 3-5iM, g&tWMijK, 1/2JUTOI
?f, ЗЖ, Lt ft? 8-12mm, 5 Ж, bft ? 10-20И
©m^-сжж &ш<-с®см><, g<MMitcsшш
Л0ФЯШ->Х?е>о<. mft? 1.5-2m«i. 3fefe#tt2n=28.
(Ш7-8Л. W-ffi] ttl£ftS!ll№U. ]Кз“Р>Л -^97, ФНЛЙВ, Mft?
*, Т7ЛЛ. У 4 У 7. (|5|^л*' ?) 1 - 2cm <0ftV'£ 3-
4Ф7Е^е>йЬ, 2<g-TogSBT?< o-0V'fc/J'M(BI2S), iggu bti*;Mc3g<, ft?l/21UT©^,
TEffьт l л, гж*, шшт-гмшиж ©з £-cj^w-e>n*.
Perennial growing on mountainous grassland, without creeping rhizome. Culms tufted,
thick, erect, 50-100 cm tall, glabrous. Leaf-blades 10-25 cm X 4-10 mm, glabrous, with incon-
spicuous ligules under 1 mm long. Spike solitary on the tip of culm, nodding, 8-15 cm long
paired spikelets densely arranged on the rachis. Spikelets pale-green, sometimes tinged with
purple, 1.2-1.5cm long, 3 to 4-flowered; glumes 3-nerved, 3-5 mm long, under 1/2 length oi
lemmas, with a straight awn at apex, lemmas 8-12 mm long, 5-nerved; the apical awn 10-3)
mm long, slender and slightly recurved; paleas as long as lemmas. Chromosome number 2n=
28.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido and c. Honshu), e. Europe, Siberia, n. China, Kam-
chatka, Alaska. REFER. Clayton(1986): 150-151. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 126.
424
2S: Ж4-Г Ъ ФЙ Paired spiketa
Роо1ОЕде™,таеАЕ
1BW+^,W ™2’
425
Ч Х'З? 31 MlZUTA-KAMOJllJapJ
Elymus humidus (Ohwi et Sakamoto) Osada comb. nov.-Agropyron humidum Ohwiet
Sakamoto, Joum. Jap. Bot. 39:109-114(1964).------A. humidorum Ohwi et Sakamoto in Ohwi,
Fl. Japan rev. ed.: 124(1965) illegitimate name.-A. mayebaranum Honda(1927) in part.
Ж2 40-60СШ. 7-15cm, ♦! 3 - 7шш,
p >C%^ft < , 0.7тш i 5 СЙЙ, SS 10-20cm,
ТСадОДВГГЗ. 17-22mm, >), 5-74<й‘£>йа.
£Wi3-7Hlj(, UiUi’jgV'^tftS. 9-12n, Ц
UPH, 5Ж, 2-3cmO®i:Lfc^*S.
i л, i> < ft Ь?\
*-<><. 2.5mm. 2n = 42.
(JOT 5-7Л. (Ж) *>H, ЛМ. ФВ. t)K«^(1964)tib'5 Fft
tc^5i**s>/^iOJL||<ft5. ТЯоШ'бЯи'М
LtUk^^m-ftot^W-rs. 7ЕЙЙ‘Х<, i$ii
Of* JEMaWvtSi, й±ой5й‘6-»±о^-о^4 4-е015й:
t‘, Л^-ойИШ............j. ЙЖ©Ж'Й’Й5^Й±Ь-С^.-С4,
(7-H 5 X* 1964^X#ftH®6icJ: t) A.humidum(®/J'^»i®M*‘S>5i©t)
ЕЬХШШ5, Г0*Ж^Ш Оф-С A.humidorum(®^i©)iX#0^-C3fc»>6h, СПЖ
jK<ffit'£>;h,-Cl'5. ЯкУКЬЪ t <НШ*(1984)©ШШЧ£
Perennial on moist soil along paddy-field. Culms tufted, 40-60 cm tall; leaf-blades 7-15
cm X 3-7 mm, with ligules 0.7 mm tall. Spike straight and erect, 10-20 cm long, with sessile
spikelets tightly appressed to rachis even in anthesis. Spikelets 17-22 mm long, glabrous
pale-green to purplish-tawny, 5 to 7-flowered, with subequal glumes about 7 mm long; lemmas
9-12 mm long, glabrous, 5-nerved, with straight awns 2-3 cm long at apices. Paleas as long
as lemmas, distinguished from those of E. tsukushiensis by the wingless keels. Chromosome
number 2n = 42.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu, Kyushu), China. NOTE S. Sakamoto says the Japanese plant may
have been introduced from China anciently accompanied with Astragalus sinicus used as a
green manure in the paddy-field. Also he observed that at maturity the total spikes fall off
together with the flag-leaf; a peculiar method of propagation. REFER. Gould & Shaw(1983):
194, 198. Clayton(1986): 150, 155. Ohwi & Sakamoto(1964): 109-114. (1984): 1-8.
426
MA:f*3®O^b Margin of palea.
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE 4
ff »Ш!1ЙЙЖОВ1 V.14
427
t / л .t
Shiba-mugi, HiME-KAMOjiGUSA[Jap.] Couch, TwrrcH[Eng.] Quack grass[AK
Elymus repens (L.) Gould, Madrono 9:127(1947).-Triticum repens L.C1753).—Agro-
pyron repens (L.) Beauv.(1812).----------Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski(1933).
®Й, fij £ 40-90cin. О
ЯД $ 5-15cm, ®3-8шш, 17гЯЙШё."С Ь<> £, &-=£ 17сЯ±®Я^^гЬ t), HSUS?
1шш^й, ^ТЕ^ЯвЙ, Д^7-15ап, шт*
Й5110-ГО, ftS 9-16тт, 4-7ФШйоЩ16. «ШЛ?,
SS6-llmm, 5-7Ж*‘Й>*. ^Я®£Ш, Д£ 7-11тт, 5 Ж, Ь А, ЕУ®, Ш
var. aristatum Baumg. i X Я'Нй(El VA). 4оЬ^<Я310, $/ЯД£4-6тт. ^&^Я 2n=28, 42,
56.
(7Ш17-8Л. (Ж) 3-By/©fgt, 7i>74t®, 4тЬЙ5гШ4к. ВШШ, *H
4t-35fc^o5. ? -T УШШЯз - p у < ЛЙ7-у + /*С{Й4й!,
£, Ф^Я^-®Я1®-э1'-С^, 5-6ФТЕХ *) К*), Wi'J'WSC ЩЯ»<, Sit’oi»
t'. v+/t ©№Ш©ЙЕ© %о-еФ®"С'£>з й>, 4ЬВй"СЯЛ£ S//1 ъ-ей5 ©t,
Oi @ “С*Й^ЯЬН^. W. D. С1ауЮп(1986)Я Leymus t Elymus Яй^О 4 О"С, 1Йй»Я«£!)1Л
Perennial with long creeping rhizomes; culms erect, 40-90 cm tall; leaf-blades 5-15 cmxj-
8 mm; sheaths with obscure ligules and short auricules at the mouths. Spike erect, 7-15 an
long, with sessile spikelets densely arranged in two rows. Spikelets flattened, 9-16 mm long,
4 to 7-flowered, with equal glumes, light-green. Both glumes 5 to 7-nerved; lemmas 7-11 mm
long, 5-nerved, glabrous, nearly smooth, weakly keeled on the upper halves, usually awnless;
paleas a little shorter than lemmas; anthers 4-6 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=28,42,56.
DISTR. Native to Europe and w. Asia. Introduced to N. America, e. Asia, Australia, etc. In
Japan it has become a troublesome weed in Hokkaido and n. Honshu. REFER. Clayton(1986):
150, 155. Gould & Shaw(1983): 194, 198. Hubbard(1984): 97.
428
VA: x f >'' J- +’<oie Spike of var. arislaltm.
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE <
Г»й«.Т1э УШ.З, VA: »>Г1Й£1г£#ЯТ VII.29
429
— Р TeNKIGUSA, HAMA-NINNIKU[Jap.]
Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilger, Bot. Yahrb. 74:6(1945).-Elymus mollis Trin. (1821).—£.
arenarius L. var. mollis (Trin.) Koidz.(1910).-E. mollis L. subsp. mollis var. japonic^
Bowden(1957).
Sb £ 50-120cm, 1 - 2cm ft b, RUfeoAv 'Ий&й»£!),
t?к=у = ^©1Ш'Н5№. 20-40
cm, ®7-15тш, Lt ft^ft < , S^fe, M
tt¥». ^H®$lmm, Slttfttftiiaiz, ftS 10-25СШ, -t£Hft < d'Witt
Т?ЛЙВ^*‘1Й5К1210-Г'-О-О^, S 15-25ШШ, 3 - 5 /J<^6ftо t, W
2Ш ®^t'6-7K(±#^H№H3-7M<!:gai-)^0, fiMItfi
fe, КЙ, =»UR<, ^Х7ЖТ'#ИРЗ<, 10-20ШШ. POOiiiHi
®ft. £ 4 - 6mm. 2n=28.
(TEffi) 6-7Я. (« й^р-77, ТЙь «(7
> У *©%ООГЙ£-Г*ЙЙ¥%Й>*). 9 4 y^ifeUT У --->+ vflfe. (|Й1!£Ю*'^)
tiKi'SI, W«21St
St*?>Ctftt**’<g!t Six*. O-H W.D. Clayton(1986) ItXfci, Elymus KUifttifc'iSH
ФЛ:й\ Leymus ЯЛЛ'йЧоЕ <,
fti'O^t, Й$Я1, ятУУ, £ yft±§£rM,
ft* L. mollis (Trin.) Hara (1938) i
Pilger 0 #V'dW?£ftV'.
Robust perennial on sandy-seashore, with thick rhizomes and long stolons. Culms 50-120 cm
tall; the base up to 1 cm or more in diam. and enclosed by blackish decayed fibers. Leaf-blades
20-40 cm x 7-15 mm, thick and stiff, glaucous-green, with prominent nerves above, green and
lustrous beneath; ligules only 1 mm long. Spike erect, pale-green, 10-25 cm long. Spikelets
sessile, mostly paired, 3 to 5-flowered, 1.5-2.5 cm long, villose; both glumes equal, nearly as
long as spikelets, several-nerved, with whitish membranous margins. Lemmas awnless,
7-nerved, 10-20 mm long; paleas slightly shorter than lemmas. Stamens 3; anthers 4-6 mm
long. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu; on the seashore along the Japan-
Sea), Far East Russia, Kurils, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Aleutians, N. America. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 152. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 181.
430
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE
X2
431
S: VI.12
7 X'*? "V Azumaga ya [ Jap.]
Hystrix longe-aristata (Hack.) Honda, Journ. Fac. Sci. Tokyo Univ. Bot. 3(1): 14(1930).—
Asprella sibirica Trautv. var. longe-aristata Hack.(1904).-Asperella longe-aristata (Hack.)
Ohwi(1941).
таг 70-i20cm, wotwouflu
Й3 10-20СШ, ЙЮ-гОшш. ЙЙВЙ< X-X иП-СЖЖйЧШ Й1ШF&InJt, Й<,
1Гйда±±^й£. зшшадз 1о-15с1п,
Я'е>К2?1]^о<. ФЗЙИ45-Й5 2 Ш ££. 1®, 1-2'НЕйчЬйоX, 2'NEO <h
AX&S. Ш2Шйг 2 - 6mm й 9. 'J'7Eo$t>fc<Dt> b7E№±tc$?>£td8M‘i6
?>Й‘, £ С £ 4> £>;*>. 9-13mm, 5 - 7 Ж KW < , J<9-^K,
JgZolXx., 10-22mm 0ЙйЬ7г;Е^'О< . ВЙЙД, 2K, ЙЬ^ЙЗ
(IS, 2n=28.
(OD 5-7Я. (Ж) «eit, ИВ, AM. ШМЬЙ5. (1^<7>Л'Г)
о_кЖ &т^Х-тк#й£ 1 Мо^й' 2 i 1 Ф7Е*Й£, Ш
О—b) ЯЙ7 x*-r Л'-voMig L £tii Asperella Humboldt(1790) it
Asprella Schreb.(1789) io X tK Asprella Host(1809) L iitzittlt. < , £. <ОН^1ХЙ9ЙЬ1:
J: о X4shomonym <h ? it?>. L/J't^O^'btoLt'iiri' Asprella Schreb. H Leersia
(^®«)<D^i^«>6nrt'?>©X', ffio 2оШ£ Ltttffix.4i'. Eht7+
Hystrix Moench(1794) ^ЙП'&Фй^Х t\ А4«'']'|1|Ш^(1987)1'Х7 X-* t -r =j -V ~4’5^М
Ъ A. duthiei Stapf 11ЗД <h LXl'SZ>‘, Е©ШЕ ZfcS^H^^H-Cl'ZxV'OT'iferFX’tZtV'W
к W. D. Clayton Ш®, 1988).
Perennial in woodland, with short, thick rhizomes. Culms 70-120 cm tall, villose below the
spike, pubescent on and under nodes. Leaf-blades flat, 10-20 cm x 1-2 cm, glaucous-green and
pilose above, glabrous and lustrous beneath; ligules about 1mm tall. Spike 10-15 cm long,
nodding, with single or paired spikelets per node; axis villose with erect-patent, soft hairs.
Spikelets composed of 1 or 2 florets and 2 glumes. Glumes subulate to needle-shaped, 2-6mm
long, persistent, sometimes absent. Lemmas 9-13 mm long, indurate, 5 to 7-nerved, with still
hairs on nerves, gradually narrowed into a straight awn at apex. Paleas as long as lemmas,
2-nerved. Anthers 3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 28.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), n. Korea. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 151. Gould & Shaw(1983): 196. Koyama(1987): 54, 489. Ohwi(1965): 156.
432
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE
xO. 82
«.•ЯП|ЯИ1Ш©£ВГ VI. 8
433
А У 2 >r У * IWATAKESOH[Jap,l
Hystrix japonica (Hack.) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 185(1936).----------Asperella japonica
Hack.(1899).-----H. hackelii Honda(1930).
X. Ъ Z < fit % O. WB £ 60-80cm. ЖШФ ft J 7-20cm.
Ш8-15тт, 1 Ch.-C±T®«fe-r Ъ Г i It7 X tf-V i ЙС. В 5 lmm JUT. 8Ш
lift $ 10-15cm, UBfoot,
fx-=g^*>febfi?>. d'ffii'i 1 <?, Д$Ш£10тт, ЙЖйий'. 4bt, Д
5 2-Зтт<0%Ой'^1'й\ i £K. 5mm ЙЛ-О % О % Й> о <, 7 X-v *'-V К.Й < fr 6. gglfflUftS 10m,
5 Ж SW, 15-25mm Й
hb-f*4cjg< , ^/HfrftM£. TWioftktрЭДМФ1ХШLtd'
WMifrO, ^©иайЖО1/3-1/2й<^5. '1'»^!ХФЙ1+<с^£>-Ыг, ЙэдМХОЛ,»
IMS L tz%, Г-ФТЕ^Л. 6 ft Ъ.
НЕМ16-8Я. (Я-ffi) ЖЖ НЙ№. llinjft), И®. frfflotl_|ft!i!ci-К (Isl^w*'?] Ий
КЛ1Л, йНЙХ'^Ж;ГЁГ^х.?>Гй1|. Й1'ФЙШ.
i'/Д W. 7 Х-? Л'-У i РХ7ЕЙ1ГИ 6й>Штб©£> £ felCJ: -Сй WGhЪ tr Lд 7 +f*
(р.92)<ЕЙ^ЬФф1'. 7 1^©ЛЙМЙ (ЖКГ-fclO 6. 'httW«f>
icft< , 4ФЙ*-СКЪ. [у- Ы А 7 7 у 70^(1, 1882^&W£H^tMA
У ЙШфОЙЁ-С^о -С#« L fc 4> ©. 7 х-г *'-у Р11903<1ЧаВМ^ШШ-СЙ Gfifc - <h »с<t ?>. М
Hystrix
Perennial in woodland, with short, slender rhizomes. Culms 60-80 cm tall, nearly glabrous
Leaf-blades flat, 7-20 cm x8-15 mm, glaucous-green and pilose above, glabrous and lustrous
beneath; sheaths pilose; ligules under 1 mm tall. Spike 10-15 cm long, slender, nodding, with
a sessile spikelet per node; rachis rough with so minute hairs that they seem nearly glabrous
by naked eyes. Spikelets 1-flowered, about 10 mm long; glumes subulate to needle-like, usually
2-3 mm (rarely to 6 mm) long or absent. Lemma as long as spikelet. 5-nerved, hispid on back
and on margins. Palea narrowly lanceolate, slightly shorter than lemma, with acute and
serrulate apex. Rachilla extension 1/2-1/3 as long as palea.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan. (Rare; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 151
Gould & Shaw(1983): 196. Koyama(1987): 57, 489. Ohwi(1965): 156.
434
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE -f A+'®
VIII. 4, 111П1ЦадтаЛ!!111 VII. 10
435
Ml’GI-KUSA [Jap. J W ALL-BARLEY [Eng.]
Hordeiun murinum L., Sp. Pl.: 85(1753).
1-2^Ж. isU 10-50СШ,
2 8-13СП1, ♦g5-8mm, < , МЙ5КЯЙН < £ Л'о fcl't, C ?>
*'£*), 1-1-3mm. ft£5-9cm, ОЪКЙ<,
1Фгел'б7£5Фйлъ 3flf^i-,-cot(0 3S). шф#й«№4<1<
Ш, ЗЖ, 2.5-Зст, ^O^<.^iйШLfcft^ЁЙ>aЁ^X'!iЛ^. 5
Ж, 2-3.5cmO££Zc?>. АГЯЯ^Ж£йй’ЙЙ. ЙЯа*Шй©«0ЖШЫ
ЪЬ, WJ: 50Ч6*>^Ди. 3sL-<li3®, ЙЯЙ2 1mm. < <, ЯШ1Е
/?Оф»Яё|5Г L К1#$, ®1'ёЬИЯЗФ7Е^оЦ-Л:$ 4ЙО74гЪ?>. i&feW 2п-14. 28, 42.
(7EW) 5-7 Я. (#?&) з-р у ^~7-->70SM©JBB. И/ЙЙИз-р^'.
гШк. 1868^ L.Savatier й'^й-С'Ш-9/с©//, 13 ИН, Л^кКЙ.
[1Й)£Л*'ЗП -й*Шр°о0 7|-^2-.4-'<ЕЛЪ^х.^5*Й-С'^?>/А <, ЗШсЗ'Г
ЙФ-Г^-СЛЧЙ^-Г Ъ. A^}i, /Е*О/]'Шй'ЙЙЬ/£1\^ЯАЦ=-'^
£Я± < К2 ?IJfc£& L <Л.'. Л * Д *, -Г z? * * * л =? £ t й^ С fcd'«6*'<ra £ £ 4 icfe №
Ъ Г £Я&1\
Adventive annual found in urban areas or arableland. Culms tufted, erect from ascending
bases, 10-50 cm tall; leaf-blades 8-13 cm x 5-8 mm, glabrous or hairy beneath; sheaths
rounded on back, with narrow, tapering auricles al the mouth, ligules 1 1.3 mm tall. Panicle
very dense, flattened. 5-9 cm long, erect, later nodding, green. Spikelets 1-flowered, clustered
in threes; the central bisexual and fertile; the lateral two staminate; all glumes with long,
straight awns. Glumes of bisexual florets linear-lanceolate, ciliate on both margins, 2.5-3cm
long including awns; lemma broadly lanceolate. 5-nerved, 2-3.5 cm long awned. Glumes of
staminate spikelets shorter than lemma including awn. Anthers 1 mm. Rachis disarticulating
at each node; 3 florets falling together with a short internode of rachis at maturity. Chromo'
some number 2n = 14, 28, 42.
DISTR. Native to Europe and w. Asia. Naturalized in temperate regions of N. America and
Asia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 154-155. ^ЩЙ -(1958) |ЙШ19§1 6-7.
436
3S: 3 IlSod'SBOfUHi Spikelets clustered in three
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE
v.20
437
5 Ь л 'р Ъ MiNATO-MUGi-KUSA[Jap.] Little barley[Aki.]
Hordeum pusilliun Nutt., Gen. Pl. 1: 87(1818).--H. riehlii Steud.(1854).---H. pusilium var.
pubens Hitchc.(1854).
l-2*F-£. 3 10-40cm, § 3 - 8cm, Й2-5и,
0.3-0.5mm, ЗРГ-tVxV'. ft£2-fa.
Й&, /J<li31@-T^^fct o-Cot(0 3S), ФЛоФЙадй, ^НПг1«
Й‘«Ь/ХО, 2&g^b^. ft 0,
l'?>. &£&}* 2n=14.
(TEW) 5-6Л. (»fl>) |83UL|^Zxi'X-tH^^$nxi>?>.
(у-b) t / xm h.
hystrix Roth tiW4o< 9/cZA Йй-Г7хЪЪ«^ОфИ©^Ж«Л1ЙХ-^4Хде
деыжЯМЬМ.
**?<) H.marinum Huds. % 1 *M£f, kO 2ЙИ ^ < 0 0^-0 £25 Л\ М£(ЖЮ©'НЙ©^
tt|W, TW'Kj^X^JbH List*), < t 0 Zco. г О^йЧс t * v 7
H.jubatum L., > -v a ¥ У if H. brachyantherum Nevski fc гойр£{кй>вй^$ ТгТЧ'б.
Adventive annual found in disturbed areas, especially near sea port. Culms 10-40cm,
leaf-blades 3-8 cm x 2-5 mm, glabrous or tomentose, without auricles; ligules truncate, O.3-0.5
mm tall. Panicle very dense, flattened, 2-6 cm long, erect. Spikelets 1-flowered, clustered in
threes (fig. 3S): the central one bisexual; the lateral two staminate. Lemma of central spikelet
sessile, long-awned; glumes equal, from dilated lower halves narrowed into upper, stiff awns.
Lemmas of lateral spikelets distinctly stalked, awnless at apices; lower glume dilated at base;
upper glume awn-like from base to apex. Chromosome number 2n = 14.
DISTR. Native to N. America; rarely found in Japan. NOTE European H. hystrix Roth is also
recorded in Japan. It is distinguishable from H. pusilium by the spikelets with glumes which
are all awnlike and not dilated below. H. marinum Huds. and H.jubatum L. have been
casually found in Japan, too. REFER. Clayton(19861:154-155. Hitchcock(1950):267-271
Gould(1975): 158-162. Hubbard(1984): 109 113. ^^JR-(1958) 19g 1 7-8,
438
3S: Spikelets clustered in threes
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE < 'У А4Ф
S:»W»»*fhV, mm VI-19
439
SASA-KUSALJapJ
Lophatherum gracile Brongn., in Duperrey Voy. Coq. Bot.: 50, tab. 8(1831).------Acroelylrm
japonicum Steud.(1846).-----L. japonicum (Steud.) Steud.(1854).------L. humile Miq.(18№.
----L. annulatum Franch. et Savat.(1899).
®Я1О#ФЯЯ£?>>^^. ^Я=£«'±, iW? 40-80cni, R$ 10-30»,
4g 2 - 5cm, £Й5ЯГШ, 3-10тт©Ш‘£Ь. ЖГкЯШОф)Ж-С^Я^г?>(@ LB).»
т#й;РЭ <, Ж^£ТгЯПХЪЯ^Х/£>6. ЖЗ-ЯЮ, <£< НШМ
$10-30ст, ЙЯ-&Й5 1*, ^Я'еясИК, 2ЯЪЯФШЧи>'.
Я£/С£'МЙ, Д$8-11тт, ЙТ© 1 ФТЕ/сЯЛ t < , 5е£-СРШЙ, JtJjO 4 - 6'Mil
^Я5Ж, ЖЯ, 1ШН<, w<
Зтт fcX tX5mm Я£. ЙТФ^О^ЯД^^Ж-СЯ’ЯП < , £ЯНЖТ?£ЯЙЙ*а
taWS, 1/3й'Ш<, хж^ягн ВШ
1шт. еЯТЙ£©тк.&ЯоЬН, МКЯШ^^МЙ
fttXot'-cilu'i-L?).
(ТЕЮ) 8-10Я. (5Нг) ^ЖИЖУй), Ий, ЛЯ1, т. ФН, 7 4 п-у, f/Уг
vu->7, 4уК, -^-^-7. ?4УЙЙЯ'(УК4У7©7У4-:4 7Й. (1§)ЖЛЛ'£') Ш)!
ОЙНФЧ - <HcJ: t>, т<
Х%®оМ^й'о<. Ж^Ф7Е^©еяТЙ^о4й1'И^й'^«4>Х1'Ш. ь * 77? tri ©Ж
Perennial in broad-leaved evergreen forests. Culms densely tufted, stiff, 40-80 cm tall
Leaf-blades lanceolate, rounded and falsely petiolate at base, 10-30 cm X2-5 cm; nerves
reticulate with cross-veinlets; sheaths terete, split to the base; ligules barely seen
Inflorescence consisted of loose unilateral racemes; branches Ц-2) per node, with ta
spikelets on one side. Spikelets subsessile, narrowly lanceolate, nearly terete, 8-11 mm long,
consisted of 1 perfect floret and upper several short-awned sterile lemmas. Glumes oblong,
green, rounded on back, 5-nerved: the lower 3 mm long, the upper 5 mm. Lemma of perfect
floret oblong, not keeled; palea membranous, 2-keeled. Anthers 1 mm long. Spikelets falling
entire at maturity, and stick to animal-body by the hooked awns of sterile lemmas.
DISTR. Japan (Common; s. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), s. Korea, Taiwan,
Philippines, s. Chinese Continent, Burma, India, Indonesia, New Guinea. REFER. Clayton
(19861:161. Lazarides(1980): 154-155. Tateoka(19591: 25.
LB: Ж-Й-О-Ж A part of leaf-bladt
Ls: Sterile lemma. St. L: ФА: 9 &-j fcSterile lemmas embracing each other.
440
с£МТО1ИВ-сО'°
р
хо.»
ДАА
F (p'ura4n
%8
%S
ToiI-SASA-KUSA[jap.]
Lophatherum sinense Rendle, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36:421(1904).
S2 60-90cm.
ИШИЙШ LZcsL^Skds, <t l* •>-tr-if:? it forma leiophyllum T. Koyama).
Ш 1 t, 2 ЬШоФШП w
ЗДМПЙ£©Ш'Ш iо^оей’^-c, ЙЖ&i'Cftf V
C ifit -?Ar< LI ?> i,
deww-иж къ-г, &«RW/, $-«ж»»
&Ж1Ш...........................$tco< 'МИ»'В'4.
b ...«11»-»$, 2 tz ^'Cl-f-.
ggttKWt'. Жй‘?>А6 i, l't>i:5L<tfl|Ki<WI1t. 4\ЙЮ1ЙйЧ2П>О-С,
t£< 3fe7VCAx.6.
3fefeW2n=48. (W 8-ЮЛ. (Ж) Ж«-й№), ISffl, Affl. ЗШЖпВ, ФЯФЖ*
4 УШЮ. to-t:-, ЬйЧ1'ЪСг>L<1Г1Ш
< ПЖ Lfc^¥Ztd'IS. йогЁ>?>^^о^^й^-М7ЛХИлЁ(Х4 O-b) AjHiictiW}'
1i< !Х/Л'й\ *ДЖ^К2®Ьй‘А<,
M-t 6 c t. n t£i' J: 5 rъ <r> на 6.
Perennial in broad-leaved ever-green forests. Culms densely tufted, stiff, 60-90 cm tall
Leaf-blades lanceolate, rounded and false-petioled at base, 15-20 cm x3-5 cm; the nerves
reticulate; sheaths usually pilose with patent hairs, sometimes glabrous. Panicle 15-25 cm
long, erect; branches solitary per node, racemes with regularly arranged spikelets on one side.
Spikelets subsessile, obliquely ovate to narrowly ovate, flattened, 7 10 mm long, consisted of
1 perfect floret and several short-awned, sterile lemmas. Glumes unequal, oblong, 5 to 7-
nerved, green, weakly keeled on back. Fertile lemma broadly ovate, width longer than length,
7-nerved, rather acute and short-awned at apex, obtusely keeled and bowed out below the
middle on back. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long. Spikelets falling entire. Chromosome number 2n=48.
DISTR. Japan (c. to s. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), s. Korea, c. China. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 161.
442
LB: Ж^'(О—сЯ! A part of leaf-blade. St. L: 'fttc b ft о ZcSterile lemmas embracing each other.
CENTOTHECOIDEAE CENTOTHECEAE
Й: )§В1Й-А Й111 VI. 9
443
? 3 -у $ >r
Danchiku, YosniTAKE[Jap.] Giant REEbfEng.]
Arundo donax L., Sp. Pl. 81(1753).
и£Ы£ЛШ&£Л!1, ШД<Ш, КЙШ
£. ШЙ$2-4т, Ж-$И2-4стК1’Ьй'?, 2 - 3 <Т-Ф£ & £/Д ft£^i', felifiv.
*5 30-70cm, Ш 2 - 5cm,
A'^t\ 1-2mm, -x <? 30-70cm,
/J'HirSt’oUxttA'ei.S. 'HBtifiS 8-13mm, ехз(йой'1±4ЧЕй'б*б. «
ns<, mi^3№t ftttPK К
7-10mm, ЙШЖХ-ЛЬ' 3 Ж £ Ш' 2 - 4 UliU‘£ t>, 1 - 3mm £ & 9, И
©ИНОЙ о ф гл 6. ' йЧзй>£ 6 (э ->S £ ojftV'O □> £ -о). fWI
1/2-2/3 <ОМ^-С 2*?, &L-<fi3ffl,
т-Д2 2.5-Зтт. М©Ш з J 5 КЙ < МЙФ 6 г £ й'>&1 >. ^НФТЕС’ £ Г» >), Ш
2п = 60, 72, 110, 112 &£’.
СОЯ) 8 -ГОЯ. GH5) *ЖМЗШй), ЫН, ЛЯ ЙЕ< Ш, Т '/ ЬЧ©<ЁМ7^7«. i&
Ф«^Я1ФЛЖО%ОЩ£А, WSSftfcfcOlbLl'. *-1-А (|ё)$Лй'^1 э*а
Х^ПЛ-с^>^й', 1тМРЖй''ШоШ Л о, /£//'&<
?>. ЙпЦАп©, £tL£><£^^1!cH£6. Ж'®1СЙС1ОЖ1Й©£6Й1пЙ&^ э ? var.
versicolor (Mill.) Stokes £ £А.
Robust perennial with long rhizomes, growing along the seashore or riverside in warm,
temperate regions. Culms 2-4 m tall, 2-4 cm in diain. at base, persistent for 2-3 years
flowering in the second year. Leaf-blades flat, 30-70 cmX2-5 cm, deeply clasping the culm by
the auriculate bases; sheaths smooth; ligules truncate, 1-2 mm tall, fimbriate on upper mar-
gins. Panicle erect, 30-70 cm long, with numerous spikelets. Spikelets 8-13 mm long, usually
3-flowered; glumes equal, longer than florets, lanceolate, 3-nerved, rounded on back; lemmas
membranous, lanceolate, with 3 long nerves and 2-4 short and faint nerves, pilose on the
lower halves, bifid al apex and awned between the teeth; awn straight, 1-3 mm long. Paleas
1/2-2/3 as long as lemmas, 2-keeled; keels narrowly winged. Anthers about 3 mm long.
Disarticulating above glumes and between florets. Chromosome number 2n=60, 72,110,112
etc.
DISTR. Japan (Common; s. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in subtropi-
cal to tropical Asia; planted in Mediterranian regions and N. America for making shelter,
baskets and reeds of musical instrument. REFER. Clayton(1986): 181. Edit. TutinC1980);253.
Ohwi(1941“): 265.
444
TS: f? Transverse section of culm
ARUNDINOIDEAE ARUNDINEAE
7 ^^7 Ukahagusa, FuHCHisoH[Japj
Hakonechloa macra (Munro) Makino ex Honda, Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Bot. vol. 3 par.
1:113(1930).-Phragmites macer Munro(1877).---H. macra (Munro) Makino(1912) 4
(1914) name only.
ШКЙйЫьб. ЫХЫХ®)Г<Нс < L, $ 40~70cm.
10-25cm, if© 5-10tntn, £' < 1?JtCh
с/Не©йЯй’‘Т&1ч)£, V'*. ш«'т©яшл
ffltft£ 5-10cm, ftUgh, &И4Й52ЖШТ, 11ХМсфЙ£-оН6. ФЙ« Й $ 1 - 2cm, 5-10»
1-зж&%*>,
©ШЭДОТ, 2mm ft^Oli£ 6 г L Я з О*
ft $6-7mm, Ai)K^< ttf.bte&b'b1), 3 Ж, ftlt'h$ t£ 2 Шi t£ 0 , Л ©Ий'ЬИ1L Lfcffi^ii
ftO'ffiL, 1/2-4/5, flfgflW fcL^H31@, &ЯД22-Зи,
^йиси/ЫЕг<ьюйк5( &feW2n=5o.
(ТЕМП 8-10Я. Ml *^+-*«l5o*5lz^ffl(^l|ift'-WHlJR)OlJjifeS±Ka^5. 1 ffi 18©
Н^Жйт?, (|5)£<z>ib'£) ЖоЪТЖйЧШ
Ж%ч?иТЕй^£ < -с % < . fc£»JJgo t л 7 if p -v л(р. 330)
t 7 7 Л’9 +хтяв<, Ʈ鑧ЧИЙХ'й>?>. Н*£11ЖЖ£©Й, шш
% iHM. Ж1'-К£о^©|±!6 t©^+-7 С77-'^-9-, Й’Й^О^О t©^->7 + -777
(7-Ю *«^}XD»t^S£^fcoti!R»'fij£fi|S-C, 26^(1912)K3i
B&&-C, l^28^(1914)tc}t^X'Sff®rat LX©«^^Lfc)is йЕЖй^хй^/t. ЛЬ-ЮТ
&(1930)ti Hakonechloa Makino <L L< 9 т у£’СЖ©4ф|!г&ш11Й Lfc. Зййй^Т'И Makino й'#£
% t L’tififfl L“C V' W. D. С1ау1оп(1986)1Л Hakonechloa Honda lit, 4
Honda l'~C i'6. Makino ex Honda i 15©t x. 6.
Perennial often making large communities on rocky cliffs in temperate forests. Culms
slender, stiff, flexuose, 40-70 cm tall, with long rhizomes and runners covered with lustrous
scales. Leaf-blades 10-25 cmx5-10 mm, flat, being contorted near base; the adaxial surface
facing down glaucous-green; while the abaxial surface facing up, fresh-green and glossy:
sheaths shorter than blades; ligules a fringe of minute hairs. Panicle usually 5-10 cm long,
nodding; branches mostly paired, with loose spikelets. Spikelets 1-2 cm long, 5 to 10-flowered;
glumes unequal, shorter than lemmas, 1 to 3-nerved. Lemmas 6-7 mm long, 3-nerved, sparsely
pilose along both margins, with 2 small teeth and an awn at apex; awn 1/2-4/5 as log as the
lemma. Palea a little shorter than lemma. Callus of floret prolonged into hairy stipe about 1
mm long. Anthers 2-3 mm long. Disarticulating above glumes and between florets. Chromo-
some number 2n = 50.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Pacific zone of c. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 181.
446
ARUNDINOIDEAE ARUNDINEAE
S: lllSJRS > tftlj IX. 7
447
N UMAGAYA [Jap.]
Molinia japonica Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7:704(1899).----Moliniopsis japonica (Hack.)
Hayata(1925).----Moliniopsis nipponica (Honda) Honda(1936).
30-100cm, ®i&ГМ
L, 20-50cm, Ш2-10шш,
ISlWgoyUft*. 10-40®
Жв$г4-хд*, r*<
'КИРШ®, S^8-12mm, Ш 1.2mm, ( 2 )3 - 6 ft 9, ЗШ&, $>Ж£, ££ГЩ§61Ж
^(Х1-ЗШ, 3 - 5mm, 4 - 5mm, ЯШШ,
4-5.5шт, ^^Я5ф<, i < KU^ 0 fi)SM ft^g i ft <7, WlftR < X W i ft Ы, ФТЕОЙ
1.5-2mm й£'О^й'‘Й4Ф£>. ЙЙЮ i ШЭГй Ж Й1Л113(§, 2-Звд, I
&femt2n=50.
(TEW) 8-ЮЖ (#O 4tiO, ЖМ, fflS, ЛЛ1. «1», ФИ, -v--'P'/, ₽§ФЯ. HWI
ШЛЛДЕРЩ|±1. (|ё1й:<7)й'?) *£|-c, &ф-еК&#Н--Г', AtftTE^-ft? icmiW'b
>J|JO%OOX 5£<ojt 5ftBet44'«8*'(2)3-6d'7E*’ibft*), 'ЫМ£Ш%!)Ы
z ntf, < RJ^-C -'Фй'Л'(р.94)й^-й€1/сН«^4^й\ /J'Wil'J'm
ft1?, ДЛ'^й‘£$©-С, -Г<‘&ШЫгЪ.
Perennial growing in moist places in lowland and highland moors; with short, creeping
rhizomes. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 30-100 cm tall, with a few nodes only at and near base;
the nodes enclosed by leaf-sheaths. Leaf-blades 20-50 cm x 2-10 mm, flat; sheaths rounded on
back, split to the base, bearded near the mouth; ligules a row of minute hairs. Panicle nearly
erect, 10-40 cm long; branches loose, 1-3 per node, erect-patent at anthesis, erect and cluster-
ed at maturity, with very' sparse spikelets. Spikelets cylindrical, 8-12 mm x 1.2 mm, (2)3 to
6-flowered, glossy, yellowish-green to pale-yellow, sometimes tinged with dark-brown.
Glumes weakly keeled on back, 1 to 3-nerved, the first 3-5 mm, the second 4-5 mm long.
Lemmas 3-nerved, 4-5.5 mm long, membranous, rounded on back; the callus covered with soft
hairs 1.5-2 mm long; paleas as long as lemmas. Anthers 2-3 mm long. Disarticulating above
glumes and between florets. Chromosome number 2n = 50.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China, Sakhalin, s. Kurils.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 181-182. Hayata(1925): 258. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 842-843.
448
ARUNDINOIDEAE ARUNDINEAE
8:»11ШШЫЙ»вг X. 8
449
3 7 Yoshi, Ashi [Jap.] Common reed [Eng.]
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex. Steud., Nomenci. Bot. ed. 2, 2: 324(1841).-Arundo
australis Cav.(1799).--A. phragmites L.(1753).--P. communis Trin.(1820).
Л< $?ti^$l-3m, tfciib
-Гй>МЛ-=Ёй'>£>6. 20-50СШ, Й2-4СШ, 5&Фй>1ЬШьТй'>д. Ж£'И1Е<, МкЗ
^й'ЯФ, ft$15-40cm, ЙЩЙ
Ф.Ь-С, <оф^й>ф^и*<^<. Ф»1Д$ 12 17mm, 2 - 4 ФТЁЙ^* Ъ,
тд? 3-41П1П-С, ЙТФТЕО^О 1/2 Itg-S-r, SBfig 5 5 - 8mm, t t !C 3 - 5 fco.
ЖТОФШШЙ-С', SS 10-15mm, *Пт©Фт4ЙЙ^«ЙД W
йМЗДг^ i/v-c-i'X, £ 6-t’fti'^oi ) Й81О0Ш1Т. gtti
2mm &feW2n = 36, 48, 54, 84, 96.
(tew 8-юл. (ячю «ж. гаа ля m. >
A 71ШП-* h ? У 7. £<•?, £< О®аФ^а^Ц6й»й'^>?>й', Е1*0%0И-^О$й
К12>тСБ. 1/-H 1 < fclfc 7 >V Э •>-, -t< ? л s •>• tO|x-JIJ^tt^O^Ks£Lfc. э-уоШИ
Phragmites communis Trin. й»й < (Jffl — л t ? У 7й»ЕзЖЗЖ^Н/с Arundo aus-
tralis Cav. tHffl t _Г^<^ i iй>Ъй‘0, Lfc/j'i'j'C A. australis Cav. P.australis
(Cav.)Trin. Ott Ь й'^’Й!)Л:С t ic£c6.
Large perennial in marshes and riversides, with long, creeping rhizomes. Culms tufted, 1-
3 m tall, glabrous or thinly pilose on nodes. Leaf-blades 20-50 cm x 2-4 cm, sheaths pale-green;
ligules low, covered with short hairs. Panicle 15-40 cm long, nodding near apex; branches
semiverticillate, with dense spikelets except their basal parts. Spikelets 12-17 mm long, 2 to
4-flowered; glumes unequal, 3 to 5-nerved;the first 3-4 mm, less than 1/2 the length of the
lowest floret; the second longer. The lowest floret staminate, 10-15 mm long; callus not
prolonged, glabrous. The other florets bisexual; callus much prolonged and covered with long,
silky hairs; lemmas abruptly narrowed and strongly involute in the upper 2/3, just like
long-awned; paleas less than 1/2 as long as lemmas. Anthers 2 mm. Disarticulating above
glumes and between florets. Chromosome number 2n=36, 48, 54, 84, 96.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu. Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyusl. Widespread
from subarctic zone to warm-temperate zone in the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 168-169.
Gould(1975): 54-56. Edit. Tutin(1980): 253. Koyama(1987); 241, 522. Tsvelev(19 76. 84): 606.
450
I
ARUNDINOIDEAE ARUNDINEAE У
'у у У TsURU-YOSHl, JlSHIBARlfJap.J
Phragmites japonica Steud., Syn. Pl. Gram.: 196(1854).-P. communis Trin. var. pumils
Hack.(1899). P. proslrala Makino(1912).
з->л
-Untti!), t й^<йи®?
<U-< WttiSS 1.5-2.5rn, 10-ЗОсш, Ш 2 - 3cm,
£, StWiSt#* 0&<. РШ7ДО1Й325-
35cm, Й4*ФШФ, ФЙ4ХД$8-12шш, 3 - 4 ФГкй‘G ft 0, ШШ
fc&^X'ftmiftli££IIl< 1 - 3Ж 1/2-3/5 < Ы>, М
=^Ф2®4> Л> ОН* 3 ЯК, ЙТФ7Е4ШЙ<', Ф^йадКФ Ьй\ m
1Шй’1±-С, fflMftKfiWX, РШД
$dW©l/21UT. dsL^ttSM Й(*Д£ 1.5-2™, ОН^*Ф7ЕСХ <L 9, KUc&glW.
2п = 48.
(ОЯ) 8 -10Я. (Ж) /М'Н, 29Ш, ЛЛ1, Tft(^ ±-> 9 Й), $Ш ФЙА«,
<97. с < /мт. (|н)$<7)*^-)
з >.....^w-r^'c&sg. %
1/2 ЫТ. ^o±W^5?Wfe.
..........й^о-ййиед«!со^шг-г, Ж
-®^4*Д$й‘ЙТ^0 1/2-3/5,
Large perennial growing on sandy soil along the river. Allied to P. australis, but smaller in
size; culms 1.5-2.5 m tall; leaf-blades 10-30 cm x 2-3 cm; panicle 25-35 cm long etc. Shooting
long runners attaining 3-4 m or more; the runners flexuose and densely hirsute at nodes. The
other different points are as follows: leaf-sheaths usually tinged with purple above; ligules
fimbriate with far minute hairs under 0.1 mm long; spikelets 8-12 mm long; glumes attenuate
at apex and the lower 1/2-3/5 as long as the lowest floret. Chromosome number 2n=48.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, Kurils (Isl. Kuna-
shiril, Ussurie, Taiwan, Chinese Continent. REFER. Claytonf 1986); 182. Tsvelev(1976,84J:
607.
452
ARUNDINOIDEAE ARUNDINEAE
453
X. 7
-t ГЗ 7 3 'У SeITAKA-YOSHI, SEIKO-NO-YOSHl[JapJ
Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin. ex Steud., Nomenci. Bot. ed. 2, 2:4324(1841).—Arunto
karka Retz.(1786).----A. roxburghii Kunth(1829).-----P. roxburghii (Kunth) Steud.(1841).—
Sericula japonica Steud.(1846).
H2cmr<>ftb, O&feXr3tiR:&’»2>5. £
#fXfi$40-70cm, ®2-4cm, X 5 Kjffl < Й<<, f?£$ftfcft LtH*.
PWEfftift $30-70®.
'J'W $ 5 - 8mm X? з V X О Ф $ I >. ФЖФФТЕз > L Ш£|§1 LX?, 1 'Ж 3-4(5 )'Ж
bftO, ^1ф/ЕШТ©Ф7Е)1ХЖйх?, &2M
ЬШШ?, Wxzlftttift9,
3 >...'J'WiftS 12-17mm, $ 3 - 4mm * X tX 5 - 8mm X?ftfi$l'. Й^ХХй $ 1.5mm tcgL.
iSWW^. 3fefe$Xi2n = 36, 48, 54, 84, 96.
t< 9 л 3 у../bWiiftS 5-8mm, § titi 3mm ifc'XOUmm X?ftti&l'. ^3X1®$ 0.5n
ЫТХ?, ®/J'ft^O7Hft£. &&Ш2п = 36, 48.
(7ЕЯЗ) 8-11Я. *'H1, ИИ, Affl. » W, ФИАМ Т у К, -*и--У7, i-
я ь ? >J 7ft£fc.j£< * < у К.
Robust perennial growing in wet places. Culms tufted, 2-4 m tall, 2 cm in diam., light-green
and shining, producing long rhizomes but not runners. Leaf-blades 40-70 cm X 2-4 cm; apices
filiformly attenuate, stiff and erect; ligules a row of very minute hairs. Panicle 30-70 cm long
spikelets 5-8 mm long, 3 to 5-flowered; glumes unequal, obtuse, 3-nerved, 2.5 mm: 3.5 mm long,
the lowermost floret staminate. with short, glabrous callus; the other florets bisexual, with
elongated callus covered with long hairs. Anthers 2.5 mm long. Distinguishable from P.
australis by the larger panicle with smaller spikelets, stiff and erect leaf-blades and inconspic-
uous ligules. Chromosome number 2n = 36, 48.
DISTR. Japan (Locally common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, Chines
Continent, Taiwan, India, Burma, Malaysia, Micronesia, Australia. REFER. Clayton(1986';:
605. Lazarides(1980): 152.
454
ARUNDINOIDEAE ARUNDINEAE
XI. 2
455
'T AzEGAYA[Jap.’
Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees, Syll. Ratisb. 1:4(1824).---------Poa chinensis L.(1753).—L.
eragrostoides Steud. (1854).
£ 30-70 cm. 7-15cm, ffi 3 - 7mm, -C, Ж-=Ё,
1mm Ht\ ft/TCtftS 15~40cm, £,
-c-rt< ЭД, Г < MeX -> X«©T«K|E»(is
Uftttmto*), <$2.5-Зшш, 4 - 7 0, М~Й
SSl-ift г o.7-lmm -С 1 ж, 1.2-1.5mm ni4£K©WUIl'2IW;5. ЮИШ
1-1.2mm, 3Bf^%t>, ЖйШ*. ЙЙ«Пт<, W <) ^A’>RV>.
Л’С^ЯЗМ 0.2mm ШТ, ЖЙКЖРШ, ft£ 0.8mm, g
ftti 2n = 40.
СОЯ) 8-10Л. (Ж) ^Я1, щш, ЛЯ1, Ф13Й-Ш -^->т, е'л^,
4 / К, +-х h 7 У TrltS&KJX 4? -Г УЙИШЛ^Л/ФДИ v КЙЙ% гЬ (|В|5£отй'?)
ЙБй'бЛ;i t«t®ФХ'^Ф^й'6Х£5ф^й‘Ь1ХЬ}1*^а^1-^>Л, zKStt^rtx., S
«о £Л1®'К££Н^Ф<*$ЖЬШ
% t i|WJJSo< h y^ii-X’
Annual growing on damp soil especially around the paddy-field. Culms tufted, from pros-
trate base branched and erect, 30-70 cm tall. Leaf-blades 7-15 cm X3-7 mm, bluish-green:
sheaths laterally compressed; ligules about 1mm tall. Panicle 15-40 cm long, composed of
many delicate racemes erect-patent from the central axis. Spikelets regularly arranged and
appressed to the rachis, 2.5-3 mm long, 4 to 7-fiowered, pale-green and tinged with red-purple
later, lower glume 0.7-1 mm, 1-nerved; the upper 1.2-1.5 mm, 3-nerved; lemmas l-l.2mm,
3-nerved, obtuse to rounded at apices; paleas a little shorter, obtuse at apices. Anthers minute,
under 0.2 mm long; grains 0.8 mm long, tawny, somewhat glossy, at maturity easily naked,
free from lemmas and paleas. Chromosome number 2n - 40.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyusyu, Ryukyus). Widespread in tropical Asia
and n. Australia. REFER. Clayton(19861: 209-210. Gilliland(1971>: 73-75.
456
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
g:IX. 17
457
-Y Ь T Л* lTO-AZEGAYA[Jap.l
Leptochloa panicea (Retz.) Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55:311(1941).--Poa panicea Retz.
(1783).
$ 20-70cm, $ 3-15cm, fg 3 - 6шт, Г < 0 , M
0.5-1.2шш, Fmm? 10-30cm, ЙМ
Ф#й'2лгаи>*. г/ьш'фадл'бй
Н-СЙПКС fco-Cl'S). (I'MfiS 1.3-1.8шт, 2-3(4)Ф7Ей^7хО, ЙШ6, L^Lff»
0.8-lmm, ^“^til.2-1.4mB, I
U-iniiv&%t>, 0.8-lmm, ЙЯК
Biaffifi, 0.1mm. 0.5mm, СХ^Ъ, Й
%tMi№bitf!iklC%b. 2n=20.
(7ЁЙЙ) 8-9Я. (ЯШ) А«Ф®(й^Ж)ит«3РМ14с^ПГА1ЪП, M7->7, 7
У 9 *»Cj£L, Ф-х b У D 7, |МЙ7> 9 Л K-W-fLi" 3>. 9 4 уW+ffl. (|B|«Oй'?) 30Ф1Ш
ФЙ!±4С4Х'6НЫсо< 4
7Ы7........®Ж41, 2.5-Зтт, 4 - 7ОШ
&fe#tX2n = 40.
4Ь74:^........£ iHfrl'. ФЙ4ХА$ 1-3-1.8тт, 2 - 3 ( 4 )Ф1Е
3£$fltUir < 0, -ШМНМЖШ. ^fe^4±2п=20.
Annual on sunny, rather dry soil. Culms tufted, erect, 20-70 cm tall. Leaf-blades 3-15cmX
3-6 mm, fiat to inrolled, sparsely pilose with mamilla-based hairs on the basal portion andon
the sheath; ligules 0.5-1.2mm tall, with laciniate upper margins. Panicle 10-30 cm long,
composed of many delicate racemes bearing many minute spikelets appressed to rachis.
Spikelets 1.3-1.8mm long, compressed, 2 to 3(4)-flowered; glumes 1-nerved and keeled,
unequal, the lower 0.8-1 mm long, the upper 1.2 1.4 mm long. Lemmas ovate, 0.8-1 mm long,
3-nerved, with scattered minute-hairs on back; paleas nearly as long as lemmas. Anthers0.1
mm long. Grains globose to ovoid, 0.5 mm long, at maturity easily naked and fall down
Chromosome number 2n=20.
DISTR. Japan (Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in tropical to subtropical regions of Asia
and Africa. REFER. Clayton (1986): 209-210. Gilliland(1971): 75. Lazarides(19801:176-177.
458
НА ЖТЙ I-.O4S Hair on leaf-sheath.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
vm. 9, /ЬЙЙКЙЙХЙ X.15
459
'' 'V* if'*? HAMAGAYA[Jap.j
Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 80 & 163(1812).-Festuca fusca L.Q762).—
Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth(1829).—- Uralepis fusca (L.) Steud.(1854).-Eragrostis proem
(Roxb.) Steud.(1854).
Mu, E 1*МГ. 30-80em. 1ШД£20-
30cm, Ш2-5шш, AifctM Ы1'ЫХ'|ЗДК^£btr. Д£ 3-4шш, зызШй
К5 15-25СШ, ^^4-lOcm. ']'Й«Х$£Ж Д$ 7-1(1
mm, 7-13'J</i'2»f>ft <), , (ЕЖИП.
mm & 1 O' 3mm, Й'К-^ffit. S 3.5-4mm, 3 ’G Ъ, )tW2gjLt, Ф
Ш F* 0 и й > МФ £>' Ш L -С Ш i«e L /X 0, &.% n К n ft tc t ?c h Z h ft 5 t& Й F $> Ъ. Ш E WoT
jwimwafc-t-m ш-гъе,
Оф?Й:Я® papilla оойЦЬПб. ЙЖЖ H <h F *?L^H3<g, $li®ftW
0.3mm.
(TEW 6-8Л. (5H5) ЖЛ1, Ж Lt'iWfcft Lt, «Ot
0-C^?>C EWMMrtb. 7z>7, 77)ir, Й--Х F 7 У 7 ft £0^~ОИЬ-1£й*-5. W
(|s)^0*'^) 3$aii7^*'-V(p.456)bM^0^-ri'/J\ ftOWfctS, 5fctC4®
F%>*), <bog|^ft i'l'-b Ll'^^ t-o. (7-H 1
7-e#t<o40tttt5t-M7Xl’5©t, Г6 Diplachne LTfcl'fc)»*, W.D.
С1ау(.оп(1986)1'Х£.4г t Leptochloa tcAft, Diplachne IX Leptochloa Ltg-AH.
Annual found occasinally on sandy seashore. Culms tufted into large patches, 30-80 cm tall;
leaf-blades glaucous-green, 20-30 cm X 2-5 mm, very rough on margins; ligules 3-4 mm tall,
laciniate on upper margins. Panicle 15-25 cm long, composed of many spike-like, slender
racemes 4-10 cm long. Spikelets 7-10 mm long, 7 to 13-flowered, pale-green, sometimes tinged
with purple; glumes 1-nerved, the lower 2 mm and the upper 3 mm long; lemmas 3.5-4 mm
long, narrowly oblong, 3-nerved, with four teeth at apices; the midnerve excurrent as a short
straight awn, pilose on the lower 1/3 of marginal veins; paleas slightly shorter than lemmas,
very rough on the keels. Anthers minute, only 0.3 mm long.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Honshu, Kyushu), tropics and subtropics of Asia, Africa and Aus-
tralia. Our plants may have been introduced from these southern areas. NOTE Clayton divides
Leptochloa into following two sections: Sect. Leptochloa and Sect. Diplachne. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 209. GiUiland(1971): 76. Lazarides(l980): 169-170.
460
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
461
g: VU1.31, VIII. 5
fa CllOSEN-GARlYASU[Jap.]
Cleistogenes hackelii (Honda) Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 50: 473(1936).---Diplachne hackelii
Honda(1930).----Kengia hackelii (Honda) Packer(1965).
й £ 40-100cm, %*
^#ttft$ 4-10cm, Ips3-7mm,
(9®<, '>'/£< L t
й$4-8ОТ, 2-4{iaoft^isuu,
1-4'J'«W6. 'bWi2-4 (4П« 1)ФТС2о1Ьй I),
1Ж 1.5-2miHi£. g№ft $ 4 - 5mm, 3 Ж, ФШ1Й
Lfeffluebfro-t-WtH, 2 - 4nun. РдахЖ'й’йЧХ-^ 0 LZsl\ 2mm, adL^tUft
МИ. 2n = 40.
(7ЕДЯ) 8-10Л. 4=Я1, ИЩ, AfflicWo5, ШГ-, ф®«. 9 4 7‘Ш0Л.
fc£t, tfth-6 LlEti. С"СЙ^^о < . fEff-^1Ф(Х'Ьс. L(7—H Cleistogenes Keng.
(1934H Kengia Packer(1960) %, ^П?М«ЙЙ1:©О«: ’к < V' * X 5 t, W. D. Clayton
(1986)kt Kengia £г*Ьй»С, N. N. Tsvelev(1976)ti Cleistogenes &ЛН'Т1'&.
(1975^-K), p.1441 icftl', 5fcfir« Cleistogenes £Шй Lfc.
Gracile perennial on dry soil under temperate diciduous forests. Culms erect, 40-100 cm tall;
tufted with young shoots covered by glossy scales. Leaf-blades 4-10 cm X 3-7 mm, glabrous or
sparsely pilose on both surfaces; sheaths shorter than blades, usually with scattered and
divergent long hairs; ligules a fringe of minute hairs. Panicle often cleistgamous enclosed in
the uppermost sheaths, or scarcely exserted the sheath, very loose, 4-8 cm long, with 2-4
branches. Spikelets 2 to 4-flowered, grayish-green, sometimes partly tinged with red-purple;
glumes unequal, faintly 1-nerved, about 1 mm; 1.5-2 mm long. Lemmas 3-nerved, 4-5 mm long,
awned at apex; awn slender and straight, 2-4 mm long. Anthers about 2 mm long. Chromo-
some number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu?, Korea, n. China. REFER. Clayton(1986):210.
Tsvelev(1976, 84): 626.
462
G: + G2:1Й I'.tcK->fc 2 ЙЙЙ Persistent glumes on pedicel
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
XO. 82
JTWJfti X. 5
463
NEZUMi-SHiBA[Jap.j
Tripogon chinensis (Franch.) Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. 2, 3:503(1903).-Nardum
filiformis var. chinensis Franch.(1884). T. chinensis var. coreensis Hack.(1903).
a^8-20cm, li2-3®^^^0, О
txft^3-15cm, ФйО.З-l.lmm, M'
tiftS 0.5mm, -sO Й«ГЕ^4^-ЖГЖФ. ЙЙ, & £ 3 - 8cm, Ш 1.5-2и, Ф
»тп<оОЁ©4'Ш'Ф<е>ш:. 'Жй^гж
7mm, з-4/j4e*‘6Zc?>. шо», ш, зьшик t^o, а^идг^^гт», $--а®
412.5-Зтт, Wl-i^'ra' <t & 0 , Ъ. Ои*Д5Ш£Зтт, ft4X$<2f§!, Stt
О5Ё(ХП< Тф^ОЙЙй'^ 0, ЗВ 1-2шт <0ЙЙ Lfce > & о X WttI L, Ш©1
iWtOiJ; о, 2<тТ-Ж(ШЯИ?и.
&Ь, ЖХД$ 0.7-1тт.
(7ЕЭД) 9-ЮЛ. (5М1 ДИШТЯ&. ШЙЖ 7ХУ-, ФЙ1я
ж* < (1г?)£<7>л'£') н Ф<эйт¥ядг|®ьп, сачФаожвйчедйох, t
х.ЪЛ»Н4’£йЙ^ИЬ7хУ'. (У— Н ЖФ® var. chinensis £ 4-10тт, 2-8Ф7Е, $11
1-1.2тт(/Ь|ИЖЛ, 1987), 1975)Zfc L >)Mfr, 0
ф<0%0^ var. coreensis Hack. tc^XXl'£#', H A: % О L L < , Y.N.Lee
(1966)% N.N.Tsvelev(1976)%^S<t^L%O<L LX, ffl|*I^WXi'frt'. ФВ%ЯЯюЭД!Ш
fftMr&ofc.
Small perennial on sunny rocks in coastal regions. Culms tufted, erect, 8-20 cm tall, 2 to
3-noded; leaf-blades 3-15 cm XO.3-1.1 mm, involute, filiform, long-pilose around the mouthsof
sheaths; ligules 0.5 mm tall, fringed with minute hairs. Spike terminal, solitary, erect, 3-8cm
long, 1.5-2 mm wide; the rachis smooth, with distichously arranged spikelets on one side.
Spikelets nearly sessile appressed to rachis, rather compressed, lead-green, 4-7 mm long, 3 to
4-flowered; glumes narrowly lanceolate, attenuate, 1-nerved, the lower about 2 mm; the upper
2.5-3 mm; both keeled on back, usually with a few minute teeth on basal margins. Lemmas
about 3 mm long, narrowly oblong, shallowly bifid at apices, with rounded and minutely
toothed lobes, 3-nerved; the midnerve exserted as a straight awn 1-2 mm long. Paleas slightly
shorter than lemmas, 2-keeled, ciliate on the upper halves of keels. Anthers 0,7-1 mm long.
Callus bearded.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Hirado in n. Kyushu), s. Korea, China, Mongolia, e. Siberia, Ussurie,
REFER. Clayton(1986): 211. Y. N. Lee(1966): 243-244. Tsvelev(1976, 84); 630.
464
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
8: WRTP'TtJ IX. 6
465
7 & П % FuKURODAGAYA[Jap.j
Tripogon longearistatus Honda var. japonicus Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 41:11 & 16(19271.
----T. japonicus (Honda) Ohwi(1935).
gfc'fcftl'. 15-25cm,
якхта, ti2g5X *)t£b. $4-20cm, У8 0.5-2mm, Й
оп^кигд^й'ЧТЛ., тМЕЛЧХ$ШМ££Ь-Гй*, ftSlO-
i5cm,
А г 5- 8mm, 6 - 8 ФТЕй^ЙХй. 1 Ж, £ ft 0 , ЯТ - W'Tft 2 й&Зщ
ФЖЖ'ТШ^Ь!?, ^Х&®ШШ4тт Х'ФЖЖ<*А 5 1mm Я i /X о Х^СХШТ.
2.5-Зтт, ЗЖ, <Ь ft о Хо £ ffi L, ФЖЖОЗША 2 4 - 5ив
ei/xo, евдйф-GJ; СПтйй'Ь, |*)йМ1й<иаL&£[й|Д, 21W
0, ®^Н:Г^ЖЖЙ< ^йЖТ*. 1-1.5тт. ЙУ® h Г Н;Ж^й^ Ь , ФЙ'Т«. й
fcftii 2п = 20.
(ОП 9-ЮЛ. к < ^Ж^й^1Ъ^Йс^4ЬЙ1^Ф<Ь1:Т?>Я!!^(с|!Ж!ЬП, th. *
Т йжаадм, ФЯЖЖЙ8&ЯТН-*. 1ИЙ0Й'?)
^5^йХ'ЬЙ<9:Ш^<£ *?, — й LT? йкНТЬНй. дШ* X s£$йЧч^Т'т^Н;/х 9
(/— 1) Й^квТ)Л:Ж1ЙЖ4’< 7'}с, liC£> Т. longearistata Nakai(1914) ^Нйс %©7сй',
^к'Гб.
Small perennial growing on rocks in temperate deciduous-forests. Culms densely tufted,
erect, 15-25 cm tall, mostly 2-noded; leaf-blades 4-20 cm X0.5-2 mm, involute, filiform, long'
pilose near the mouth of sheaths; ligules a fringe of very minute hairs. Spike terminal,
solitary, 1015 cm long. Spikelets nearly sessile, appressed to rachis, 5-8 mm long, 6 to
8-flowered; glumes narrowly lanceolate, 1-nerved and keeled; lower glume about 3 mm, with
nerve hardly exserted; upper glume about 4 mm, nerve exserting from apex as a straight awn
about 1 mm long. Lemmas 2.5-3 mm long, narrowly oblong, nearly truncate and minutely
erose at apices, 3-nerved; the midnerve exserted as twisted and geniculate awn 4-5 mm long;
the lateral nerves protruded as straight awns under 1 mm long. Paleas nearly as long as
lemmas, 2-keeled, ciliate on the keels. Anthers 1-1.5 mm. Callus bearded. Rachilla glabrous.
Disarticulating under each floret. Chromosome number 2n=20.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; n. Kanto-district in Honshu). The typical phase occurs in Korea and
China. REFER. Koyama(1987): 271-274. Y. N. Lee(1966);244.
466
MA: PtSjui'H'SO — ЙЕ The keel of pala.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
X16
Ш:Аojig x. io
467
»*#*#*? HAKIDAMEGAYAlJap.]
Dinebra retroflexa(Vahl) Panz., Denkschur. Acad. Wiss. Munchen: 270 & t. 12(1814?.—
Cynosurus retroflexus Vahl(179T).----D. arabica Jacq.(18091.
70cm о Ш
10-20cm, 4® 3 - 7mm, l«n, №<t«
t-WS. 5*-Го^Ф.-Г?>^йИб-251«^й7х-оЛг4>ОХ'.
i&oOitiftS 7-40mrn, HaY, HMt-t дах< да<>
< . ft £ 3 - 5mm, < It 3 d'TEz» Ъ t£ о. /&тш£|йШГп1 k,
,ai£0. 11Ж. 'NEtt&SU /Мйй>Д<<, B'tSHoi. Ж
^iW'WftffiFW-C. ftliPK. ft $ 2mm, 1 №/>’>£ 5. |*J^fift $ 1.5mm. &01Ш 2n=20.
[7EMBJ 9-10Л. (tfffi) <КЙЙ15Й»67 7 у ЛЖЙИ^/Р. П^X'H1931^-fiWfiOUl^
9. ±й2ОН4<«йЦ' £1ЬП^.
ЯМ, SWtUi** <UdL. Й11»14Ш(1959)Я H/ffttH/F. (St
0fr?) oWi'ft/T, WU
ftoPH', 1 DfcOgl®, B&K-itffifcffifc[у —b] Ж
D. arabica Jacq. fC^XfcOtiiE^X'ib &й>, г <0^11 N. L. Bor(1960), M. Lazarides(1980’,
W. D. Clayton(1986), D. retroflexa <t Lt I'&Ot', _bo J: b (Ci#3t>£. fcfeS.M.
Phillips(1973)(Ofitlffifc J:Ш, 1210 4>О(-±3&>КЭ1 var. retroflexa
Adventive annual. Culms attaining 70 cm tall, from geniculate bases ascending to erect;
leaf-blades 10-20 cm X3-7 mm, scabrous, hairless; sheaths shorter than blades; ligules 1 mm
tall, deeply laciniate nearly to base. Panicle spike-like in outline, 11-18 cm long, 15-25mm
wide, composed of many racemes 7-40 mm long. Spikelets sessile, 4-5 mm long, 2 to 3-
flowered arranged in two rows and appressed to the branch; glumes equal, subulate
lanceolate, 4 5 mm, attenuate into aristate apex, 1-nerved; florets 2 mm long, distant each
other revealing long rachilla; lemmas narrowly ovate-oblong, rounded at apex. 1-nerved;
paleas 1.5 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Native to western India and n.-e. Africa. In Japan, it was found in northern
Honshu in 1931 for the first time, then here and there recorded. REFER. Clayton(1986):21D.
Phillips(1973): 411-415.
468
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE Л'-«1
К:Ш»« X.13
469
3 п'Л K0G0ME-KAZEKUSA[Jap.J
Eragrostis japonicaCThunb.) Trin., Mem. Acad. Sci. Petersb. ser. 6, 1: 405(1831).—Rm
japonica Thunb.(1784).-E. tenellula (Kunth) Steud.(1854).-E. aurea Steud.(1854).—
E. tenella of Japanese authors, not of Beauv.
i l^i£, B'£ 50-120cm, $ 6-20cm, Ш2-6
mm, 0.5mm, JJOlfflgtЪ. HB fit
Й$10-60ст, ШЫЙЙ, % <
1.3-2.2mm, Фй 1-1.2mm, 3 - 7 (-9)<Ь7Ей‘ b ts: >), Ofet-
h, ЬТЩШ. Д? 0.5mm, Jci'lg
BUSS o.7mm, fcfWC-J;i'3Mm
т&з o.imm. лшадшl-сйъ, йго.4«л
m. 2n —20.
(ТЕ»!) 8-10Л. ИВ, Affl, W. W, ФЙ» is№, у а У t*y, -гк-ФЙ.
-f У К, 77 У л, I- 7 у 7. И (1ч)Ж<7>лЛ) 0, LM:
Oi 5гйФТ£>6< Л-е'^-у-Ср. 486), 7-е*’Т(р.456), < h 7-t'*' + (p.458'i
О 3® |ё)Д<0 У Ъ ЧМ±£ ibriOO^-C, tc<=£Z6M©tI
fttfbhz. &©2WB©l©-t',
Annual on damp soil in lowland especially along paddy-field. Culms tufted, erect, 50-120on
tall; leaf-blades 6-20 cm X2-6 mm, glabrous; sheaths also glabrous including the mouths
ligules 0.5 mm tall, with laciniate upper margins. Panicle cylindrical in outline, 10-6l)an
long; branches numerous, mostly solitary, erect divergent to erect, bearing many minute
spikelets on short branchlets. Spikelets 1.3-2.2 mm long, 3 to 7(-9)-flowered, light-green and
tinged with red, disarticulating under each floret. Glumes subequal, 0.5 mm long, 1-nerved,
scaberulous on the keel; lemma 0.7 mm, obtuse at apex, 3-nerved; palea a little shorter than
lemma. Anthers 0.1 mm long; grains easily free from lemma and palea, and naked at maturity,
0.4 mm long, smooth. Chromosome number 2n=20.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Extending to Korea, China, tropical
Asia, Africa, Australia. REFFR. Key to Eragrostis spp.... Ohwi(1965): 172. Koyama(198T:
248. Clayton(1986): 215 217.
470
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
S: КН»-:«gSfS=eS«rr IX. 15
471
X Suzumegaya [Jap.] Stinkgrass [Am.]
Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Link, ex Vign.-Lut., Malpighia 18: 386(1904).-Poa cilianensis
All. (1785).---Briza eragrostis L.(1753).--P. megastachya Koel.(1802).------E. megaslacliyi
(Koel.) Link(1827).----E. major (L.) Host(1809).
?ШЙ$20-
60cm, 7-20cm, Ш 2 - 7mm, W© П
^й'ЧХх., ©™Л©ЯЙйЧи>'(ЙМА). IE
JfHft?7-20cm, ^Il(iM2)*tW, $M< й‘£7с(Хт±Г|п]1'-С.
'him, ft?5-15mm, *S2.5-3mrn, 10-
SO'J'O'^frb. ЗЖ, 2-2.5mm, ЖмОШ.
W±tnett®R*‘ib6, lWi2W^£6, LW«<, ^W^WiWtt-ГЗ. Bi&K
0.4mm. 0.6mm, W, бЖН, Шт*. SfcfeW 2n=20,
GflEJOD 8-10Я. *W, ИВ, AW, 5КЖ. WXJS< frffi, Й-17
^4 7«И4М7. (|й)£©*'Г) SoMoT, 'ЬШ©И Mmi'.ltf
oOlcMijtfa< *?Ш,
/ХУ (EB^¥©t>iQX4tri, ^Г7£оХСЙ4гЖ^ЗШ^©Ж1-ЙйО#Й<-
&z>.
Annual growing in sunny waste places, with disagreeable smell when fresh. Culmsereci
20-60 cm tall, encircled by glandular tissues under the nodes; leaf-blades 7-20cmX2-7n®
pilose on the throat of sheath; ligule a fringe of short hairs. Panicle 7-20 cm; brand»
mostly solitary, with circular glands here and there. Spikelets compressed, 5-15 mm long
2.5-3 mm wide, grayish-green and sometimes tinged with tawny-violet, 10 to 30-flowered
glumes subequal, acutish at apex, 3 or 1-nerved; lemmas 2-2.5 mm long, 3-nerved, with!!
discoid glands on the midnerve; palea 2-keeled, broadest in the upper half and arcuate in si
view; anthers 0.4 mm long. Grains 0.6 mm long, smooth, naked at maturity. Chromosoo
number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in tropkali;
warm-temperate regions of the Old-World, and naturalized in N. and S. America. REFER
Clayton(1986): 215-217. Koyama(1987): 250.
MA: 7 Margin of leaf-blade wither
GL: Surface view of discoidalcr.
472
CHL0RID01DEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE ji
VI.25
473
□ Ko-suzuMEGAYA[Jap.] India lovegrasse[Am.]
Eragrostis minor Host, Icon. Gram. Austr. 4:15(1809).----Poa eragrostis L.Q753).—E.
poaeoides Beauv/1812).
1 Wc, W©,W.<!^£fc£'fcl'. £ 10-40cin, SStoR
Ж©Я£й’'Й6. Ж^^Л^З-Юсш, «2-5пип, Ж«© п tS
>^©^9©P3^tt©!^i'ixX> *'-v©4>©X 0 <, №
ft £ 7-20cm, ftl-il £ i 4 £. x x' Я Л'-Г Cib^/JW
Ф£<, W'tfcx.'j tfil'Ot, TEffri'il-f fi£3-8mm, ^1.5-2mm,
Wfc(OfefcC$t^Ei, 4-12'hO'Gfc£. ЙШШ, S^tiM 2 1.2-2™,
ЗЖй^О, cP*M(Wl'fl-ifc^)±!ctll-2ffi©P]^tt©KxA^;6XA, хх я Л' + ©<>©Х 9'Ж
-C-Sgr-oZoAci'. lAl^!X2^(ift $ 0.2mm« i'.
2n = 40, 80.
(7ЁЙЙ) 8-10Я. ras, Affl, Woi№«mx№. м
х'ЖЖИ'Т* ')7. 0*©%©4>0)|®tll^©Wk.tcX % 4>©t®h>n%. й^яХ/fc-vx 9#< ;W
l'&. (|51£<7)Л'£') хХя #-НХфЙ©||® 2.5-Зтш
to-СЛх., С6 L < , 2 - 7тш fc £’, «©Ш©®1'О»
'й>, ФГя]®ЯЛ:<, tto £ 9 K#iK'£ &. fc, rgotfc
K/Aftri'J i 0 (7 — b) A. S. Hitckcock & A. Chase УЖ, Eragros-
tis poaeoides Beauv.(1812)Znffll' GK, E. minor Host (ifS i Л i'ffli' <bht I'fcZoo Угй\ ihli,
S^S Eragrostis Wolf(1776)Z)''1812^:-lUtiji^iXiE^ii'^?6§t?5Hti'(xA'ofc^i'9, A. Chase
X ofc <> О £ Ьй‘9, ШЁ-ПХ T. G. Tutin et al.(1980), W. D. Clayton(1986), Lazarides (1980). N.N.
Tsvelev(1976)-?:©{til!'iifcE. minor Host 4г{МЙ<?-£, Ж©^ -f 7"8i Ltt'6,
Annual growing in sunny waste places, with no or a little disagreeable smell when fresh.
Culms erect, 10-40 cm tall, encircled by glandular tissues under the nodes; leaf-blades 3-10
cm X 2-5 mm. Closely allied to E. cilianensis, but is distinguished by the distinctly looser
panicles and the smaller size as follows: spikelets 3-8 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, 4 to 12-
flowered; lemmas 1.2-2 mm long, anthers 0.2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 40, 80.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in temperate
to tropical regions of the world. REFER. Hitchcock(1971) vol. 11: 869. Clayton(1986): 215-217.
Tsvelev(1976, 84): 630. Edit. Tutin(1980): 257. Lazarides(1980): 175. Chase(1962) vol. 2:61.
Hara et al.(1978): 132.
PD:Ki-'< 9 t Л-ji Гг'ЬЙЙ Pedicel with a circular gland
MA: 9 Margin of leaf blade with glands
GL: lli®4XrOffi!©Лffi Surface view of discoidal gland.
474
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
ГФМ vi. 17
475
tf 4г'' 9 '*)' К AZEKUSA [JapJ
Eragrostis ferruginea (Thunb.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 71(1812).-Poa ferruginea Thunb.
(1784).-P. barbata Thunb.(1784).-E. orienlalis Trin.(1831).----E. tkunbergii Koidz.
(1925).
Шот W'±
й£ 30-80cm, Й!< r< й>Ы1К,
ft§ 20-40cm, Ш 2 - 7mm, 2 *) <h ft 0, i tg *) , ^©P§|!Ot
bh ft S 20-40cm, 1 Olli
-с, 'bf£&W-c^< 'haofitttiiiWtt^<06<8IS)
x/£>6. '1>ШТ. ft£6-10mm, 5-lOl0©'NEz>‘bfcb, ОЁ?-ШМП,
#6. ЖШ, Ж-Wtift? 1 _ 2mm, ^n^gl!i2.5-3mm. g® H 3 Ж, ft 2 2.5-3mm. itSitt*
iWOi ЬЬ-Гй‘К1&<,
^llftS 1mm ГШ. 1mm, ^МЙЙ'^Ж
ftS. &feW2n = 80.
(7ЁЙЙ) 8-10Я. (Я-1Ю Ей, ЛЯ u<io). № Фй, ?-^.y нсЖ 9
Л /ШП*. (IBISON) ilfi'fcZti’r^^^fPS^^Zk'i’ ^0naucftt^^<.
*), %%№№№t>M1i fc t’ojMW'o<. Mom
!) , ffir!1^0/£V'©tiI - 7 ;h I) <7 d; 3 I? Й'ЖЦЦСОЙ.-С^^Й', :h
it')**) L-C, d'SH’ffifrdKofti'C i//*-t*7-y-i©^№Z£igv(c^6.
Weedy perennial in waste places of arableland and inhabited areas, without creeping
rhizome. Culms tufted, 30-80 cm tall, very firm; leaf-blades 20-40 cm X 2-7 mm, with long
white hairs near base; sheaths laterally compressed and keeled on back, bearded with white
hairs around the mouth. Panicle erect; branches numerous, spreading, scabrous, with many
long-pediceled spikelets; each pedicel with a turgid, yellowish gland above the middle
Spikelets 6-10 mm long, 5 to 10-fiowered, greyish-green tinged with reddish-purple, glossy;
glumes 1-nerved, the lower 1-2 mm long, the upper 2.5-3 mm; lemma ovate, 2.5-3 mm long,
keeled on back along the midnerve; paleas slightly shorter than lemmas, persistent on the
rachilla. Stamens 3, anthers 1 mm long; grains reddish-brown, 1 mm long, smooth, easily free
from the glumes and naked at maturity. Chromosome number 2n = 80.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China, Sikkim, Tibet. REFER.
Key to Eragrostis spp.... Ohwi(1965): 172. Koyama(1987): 248. Clayton(1986): 215-217.
476
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
#'ФМ IX.29
477
t z 7 3 9
Он-NiwAHOKORitJapJ India lovegrass [Am.]
Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 71, 162(1812).-Poa pilosa L.(1753).—E.
multispicula Kitagawa (1964).
WoSttWCtiiS+S® 1W. Й$ 30-70сш. 7-20cm.
Ш 2 - 4шш, Ю6, Ж^И^^сй'», П St ₽>/сД^й'^ t),
ft£10-30cm, 3~M0
&&Ф1ЙФ.Ф6Й', i^^2lalWL-C,
/НЙЯД £ 3 - 5mm, 5-104<й>₽> /£ 0,
Ш. ^iilUR, 0.6mm, 1.5mm £'. 3 Ж,
1.5mm, ФТЕгаййЛй< , |-.ТЙ^а&0£5. |»Ш^03/5Й
iiU-Sfc *)&*>?>. 0.25mm. ЖЙ1ХЛ$ 0.6-0.8
mm, ФЖ, tc^-t <|ЙЙ^ЖП, ^ШЬ-СЖ-Ьб. IfefcW 2n = 40, 60.
(7ЕЯЯ) 8-ЮЛ. (Ж) ttil, Ш ИЯ. AM »-777ЛКО®М«
♦сЙЖ ««Ж * T T’ilifefi-I’ ') 7. = 7 ф 3 У < <^й>41г,
&©Ш1К 2 £ t й»Ж^ t i ^>-ФГн1^!1сШЙ5. - J:
7 tmifeKUi£, АЛ1Й^(1964)&16^, $
%.<D E. pilosa У I Off'J'SlT'io^itiL, ZE^O^K^HL
il4>, ^0*-С'ФФ^7,+ з> E. multi-
spicula 7сй'Фс1'^/и^®7?£бг1©{ФГв1й>1Ъ£ < Kt >) Ш L X №1L№ 16 Ы. П
3-p .y й»^и©Х', 1Л;£1Ь<О£
ft®, tSeftSi 7 E. pilosa Ф = 7,+. p У < .
Annual growing in arableland. Culms stiff, erect, 30-70 cm tall. Leaf-blades 7-20 cm X 2-4
mm, flat; sheaths glabrous, but with a few long hairs at the mouth; ligules fringe of minute
hairs. Panicle inclined, 10-30 cm long; branches semiverticillate, 3-6 per node below, solitary
to geminate above, bearing spikelets on the upper half of branch or branchlet, with a few long
hairs in axils. Spikelets 3-5 mm long, compressed, 5 to 10-flowered; lead-green and often
tinged with red-purple; glumes unequal, 1-nerved, the lower 0.6 mm, the upper 1.5 mm long;
lemmas ovate, 3-nerved, 1.5 mm long, keeled on back; paleas about 3/5 as long as lemmas,
deciduous together with the lemma. Anthers 0.25 mm long; grains 0.6 0.8 mm long, brown,
smooth, easily free from lemma and palea. Chromosome number 2n = 40, 60.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in
temperate to warmer regions of Eurasian Continent, naturalized in N. America. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 216-217. Tsvelev(1976, 84); 631-633. Kitagawa(1964): 250-252.
478
MA: 9 Margin of leaf-blade.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
ff: IV.
479
ex *7 jfc П 9 NiwAHOKORi[Jap.J
Eragrostis multicaulis Steud., Synop. Pl. Gram.: 426(1854).-----E. pilosa (L.) Beauv. subsp.
multicaulis (Steud.) Tsvel.(1967).---E. niwahokori Honda(1927).-------E. pilosa var. conden-
sata Hack.(1901).
Ж, < -СЙ1 < , i^58-25(tiiC
40)cm. BfrfXftS 5-12cm, Ш 1 - 3mm, ЖЗШПЙИ
6(Д(&Ж©^—£^х.З). ft?4-i2cm.
gii 1 t £tc2 liil^KLt, £<
'JWS 2-3.5mm, 4-8'NE^G*:'), 06, Uf UiWfe«
tffc. 'ЯнЖ'С, 0.6-0.8mm, 5 1.2-1.6mm. §Ш>ХЗВЛ
WX'-ft^Uff 1.5mm, Р*З^Ш$©3/5рЗЯ-<ОД£-С, £ <t M-ffil 0 %. fcL<112-
31B, $jtlft£ 0.25mm. = 7 * => У П 4> П E fi t A, i'S GT,
<«tH, &fe#H2n=80.
(7ЁЯЯ) 6-10Л. «Ж, E9B, *JH, M У 'У, W, ФНЛ
й, Г/F, -ги-->7. 7'ЖЖИНЖ. 4Ь*ГЯНЕ. (|515Г<л*'£)
> Лх: Gffi-ТзЯ Е tz Л:^£, 4-8 'КЕй‘ G ti. ft £ 2-3.5mm О'К
^Lfc7E/?^T©t>Gt:4trt, ШШ'Ш-cfrW. H&nfci'. O;©£iK£ti^-eib4c
tZ)', r. Clfcfti|^=lbo^% - 7 4г -J у d'GOOJO^-T У F E 7 * У О®
0J "С, Sicx <
Annual growing in arableland and inhabited areas. Closely allied to the preceding E. pilosa,
and is distinguished as follows. Plants smaller, with culms 8-25 cm tall; leaf-blades 5-12cmx
13 mm; panicle 4 12 cm long. The axils of panicle-branches and the mouths of leaf-sheaths
glabrous, while those of E. pilosa with a few tufted long hairs. Chromosome number 2n=80.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Native to east-
ern Asia; naturalized in N. America. REFER. Clayton(1986): 215-217. M. Honda(1927). Bot.
Mag. Tokyo 41: 387.
480
MA: ЗК-Й'Ф^ о Margin of leaf-blade.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
S. W VI. 16
481
4 if "V ItO-SUZUMEGAYA, HoSOBA-SUZUMEGAYA[Jap.j
Eragrostis bulbillifera Steud., Synops. Pl. Gram.: 267(1854).-—E. atrovirens Trin. var.
ramosa Honda(1931).-----E. cumingii of Japanese authors, not of Steud(1854).
L7c»f^^fH5. 1Й, it® <? 20-60cm, ЖЛ'ИЙ? 10-20crn, Шl-2.5e,
©Я£А5. 7-20cm, 'M&m'btoHM
ф1|Й*©»й'Й:<, Й$5-10шш, ♦si.7-2inm, W4<, 10~24'M>
67x5. 'am t % ICffitf®, 1.2-1.5mm, ftltWt' 1 Ж. fi;Maf£2mm, 3W,
i*im5-n«B-c, g?n^oft«2/3, $#±k
йМт©й'>В^, йй
Sfe, Й$Зтт|*|Я-. >ЗтЖ-РЖ 0.6mm, '^SlW 2n=40.
(OD 7-10Я. (5Н&) ИИ, AM, ®W. Ф1*ГА1ИиШ, Г/1Ч>7,
(|b)^<z>*'£') zz7 л'-v-^^ лХ7 л'-vfcit^, Gt-tti'G'C, <>A<B/j'££V'. &S
(7-ю тХ^+И, ±#&НЙ|5(1941)К1: I) Е. bulbil-
liferaft Л ?Wl!!FI*)t Lt^^HAA', ©t> Е. cumingii(7 А УЙЙ7 -< У t'7)ogiJig£A*5A
ГНШ1И C1975W p.l441)-CWet Lt Е. bulbillifera N. L. Bor
(1973)('X E. cumingii OgEfUlt Lt-f'7 K, t'zu-v, -ru — -77, у < У t"'/, X-л h у У Z&i&l'tt
1'5.
Perennial on sunny wet soil in lowland, without rhizome. Culms loosely tufted, stiff, 20-60
cm tall. Leaf-blades 10-20 cm X1 -2.5 mm, flat or inrolled and filiform; ligules a fringe of cilia;
sheaths glabrous, ciliate only at the mouth. Panicle 7-20 cm, very loose; branches solitary pet
node, erect-divergent. Spikelets with long pedicels, compressed, usually dark-green to grayish
green, 5-10 mm long, 10 to 24-flowered, without gland on the pedicel as well as on spikelet.
Glumes lanceolate, 1.2-1.5 mm long, 1-nerved, strongly keeled; lemmas ovate, 3-nerved,
strongly keeled; paleas 2/3 as long as lemmas, short-hairy on the keels, persistent on the
zigzag rachilla even after maturity. Grains brownish, 0.6 mm long, easily free from lemma
and palea. Chromosome number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; w. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan, s. Chinese
Continent, Indonesia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 215 -217. Ohwi(1975): 1441. Koyama(1987): 255-
256.
482
Pi: rtJglrtiffi Palea, innner view. Ps: MiMUffi Palea, side view.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
X7
X16
ft: IX.23, ?ЙМ!ЖАЙ*||) IX.18
483
N UMA-KAZEKUSA[Jap.]
Eragrostis aquatica Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 42: 508 & 544(1928).
Llf Llf/Mcft 9 . ffii t if Ъ $_bt
?>ЖЙ15й'Р>Й^, Й $ 15-50СШ. ft$5-20cin, ® 2 5mm, ftlfrjffl <
^©a^icitf ibfrS^A'^jd. Н»ТЕ/?аД5(5-)8-15™,
&kU*<tA,£W-C, 4<©<iV©®<, «'MSiXUf иШй(сй< t, ЙЖкЮ-Ю&Тй. ФЙ<Ш
)tiR7^fr<, ЛйЖ, дг 515mm, ® 1.3-1.7mm, 7-22<0Оф/Вй>Г Wx < 2Ж
3U»'. SSUfftS 1-2ШШ, Wt'liM*. К г 2mm-С-3 Ж, Wig'fl-if.a. Ф
m4rVJ^8r4>mfrt>. iWifiSrtWio 2/3ia<L'-c, 2 Kii'WWxo т fr >) W). t
Ш1ИА©'Шт ft$lmm|*in, SiCfr^tS
t>6. 1*1®!±7кШ^,®Ъ4г6й'>, g^7j'/>fr<,
(7ЕМЯ) 8-9 Я. M) П ФФЖ ФЖМЖУ.Ш fflSciK * < f*r&,
ClsJ^cozr£T) Й8И Ь xX> й'Лт1с4 <L t2iv4©t, . Й5НТ<О $,&<!,
T bxX>#t.....О;©1ШЖ_к. ФШ-< Stfb.
<, Ht/vt’*>Me>A‘fr^^>b t>, ®!CjT>Lfrl'. ^!fr® 1-2.5mm.
х-гл-о v lElfofttt 2 ~ШрКН6 4> © 4> й о-c. Hit<L*i if «bX-tffrt'.
ЯФ1йот£1<. t £гн>/^Шйо^©<>гМ, ^< H
iii® 2 - 5mm.
U±iV>&©m4(cx £ ЫгшЖУкW^Str.
Perennial growing on moist soil or submerged in water along marshes or ponds, without
rhizome. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 15-50 cm tall. Leaf-blades linear, 5-20 cmx2-5 mm,
attenuate at apices; ligules a fringe of minute hairs; sparsely ciliate around the mouths of
sheaths. Panicle (5-) 8-15 cm long; branches nearly smooth, with short-pedicelled spikelets
appressed to branches or branchlets. Spikelets grayish dark-violet, flattened, 5-15 mm long,
1.31.7 mm wide. 7 to 22-flowered; glumes 1-2 mm long, lanceolate, 1-nerved; lemmas broadly
ovate, 2 mm long, 3-nerved, keeled along the midribs; paleas 2/3 as long as lemmas, with two
arcuate keels. Grains yellowish-brown, 1 mm long.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Rare;s. Honshu, Shikoku). REFER. Clayton(1986): 214-217.
Koyaina(1987): 255.
484
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
S: WIIBfiiaift) X. 5
485
N ик a-kazekusa [Jap.]
Eragrostis tcnella (L.) Beauv. ex Roem et Schult., Syst. Veg. 2: 576(1817).-Poa tenellaL
(1753).-P. amabilis L.Q753).-E. amabilis (L.) Wight et Arn. ex Hook et Arn.(1838).
^$10-25cm. Ж1ХЛ5 3-7<».
♦Bi-3mi», -t, uis-mxiHfз-iocm,
cbWJI^, да 1.2-2ИП, 4-
8Ф7Ей>Е>й?>. %МШ1*1Д, ft? 0.6-0.8mm, №'1|W£>6. OU* Д £ 0.8-lmm,
2 tz V, щ7Й-±К1ХЖ< ХД1'-=ёй*<1Х, Ф^/Р—:-С'АХН©€й''0Йо. Ж5ШО.З-
0.4mm, <h Л, ±Г|й| "Г-< "С О % Sfc t, Й7сНК1&?>.
2n = 20.
(TEW 6-9Я. (tfTtJ) «й-^-Ф^ЖЙгА. А'Й, ФВЖЖ
>7, 4/R®WWKbfc0, 9 -T > К. (1ё]$отй'^) ВШК
ОЖ©Ш$!)Т?, < ©ФЙ^^И, CL О X 5 K'J'? 7£ф$Й& 4>-э 4> ©Ш4й'!С zf s -tf -у-(р. 470)й'
2> Ъ itrt-СЬЪ. ЕЪ Ь % $ L tcWE 4 tr <Е ЖФйЖ^й' - НФЖФ.
□ .а 50- 120cm, ТЕЙИХ 10-60cm, 1ОФНЗШ ‘У t Д^Й: < , -1
ffionSUflHi.
? * Л -t* =7 -V-.a 10-25cm, Wrt 3-10ст -СЮ^Д W. 1*)й0 <СД^й'>ЭД£, О
ОПЙ5К%^/Г»^>ф.
Small annual. Culms slender, tufted, from ascending bases erect, 10-25 cm tall; leaf-blades
3-7 cm x 1 -3 mm; sheaths shorter than the internodes, with sparse hairs at sheath-mouth.
Panicle 3-10 cm long; branches very thin, patent to erect-patent, with many branchlets.
Spikelets compressed, 4 to 8-flowered, 1.2-2 mm long; glumes subequal, 1-nerved; lemmas 0.8-
1 mm long, 3-nerved, keeled on back, tinged with red-purple; palea ciliate with long stiff hairs
on the keels. Grains naked at maturity; and all the glumes deciduous. Chromosome number
2n = 20.
DISTR. Widespread in tropical regions of the world. Occasionally adventive in southern-
most areas of Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 215-217. Koyama(1987): 257-260.
486
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
ГЖВЗЖЙЯЯ x.21
487
Shin adare-suzumegaya [Jap.] Weeping-lovegrass [Eng.]
Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees, Fl. Afr. Aust.: 397(1841).--Poa curvula Schrad.(1821).
WfflrMx-ibn, fcjK < BfilL-r Ъ&ЪФ. Й$ 60-120cm. Ofifi
$ 40-60™, 1.5-2mm, C/v'CS’i-$fcT/j©
Wttpj<, HmE#!ftft$ 20-40™, 1Ш 2 - 5 «!<>ФЙ4=, ЙН1ШЙ
FL, ±Л‘1/3-1/2 tc/J^^-оЦ, Ш^о^ЖЛ!с4Хй-=ё^1Й1к-Гб. /J>Uo5Wfc, <к£к&
Ш, Jg¥, ft$6-12mm, 7-lPj'7E*‘P>ft?>. 'йЭНШЯ, 1 M, »«X^#iftt>, Ж~
^®fift$ Ш£ 1.5mm, ^~&Wi2.5mm. ^^0МЙ-С'ЙГ® ft 0 ', ft $ 2.2-2.6mm, ЗЖА^о
ti’mgh't'fl-Fft?>. F*imOI<Ui*£|S|ft-C-, it#H-^$'ibo£, feL-<tt3®, ^ЯЙ$1.2ш,
JBsJiffiH®-Cft$ 1.4mm, IMNiW L13£t> £. 2n=20, 40, 50, 60(SA\
ЮТ8-10Л. (5J-W И?Шй7’
УЛЯН». Й< ^^tcLftA£n-C3fcZ/%®^-C®h.T^?>g!t
^-6-, it< Й‘ЬЛ-С%И5Ё-С£6. Ofc£
< -TAzft'lUf ^fttt/f^gtlft. U-H H5a'5© 1'71 У-7 x'f KiJfli'ibKSJ: 5
icftt>, ^-mrftfc^ftV'F r.dOftl'tii*U<*4tl'^. N. L. Bor(1973)!ft (Winter icX Ъ tM
(ШИ20-80, LA442, 63ft 4> b о X tiftiftft^Slf^ % J FxE^X I'*.
«X ?>gB4Koi''h/j'ili tc-'i. *. 4 4-t’v / •
7 7 ^7 хон) й*ЧШ t) At i l',
Introduced perennial making large tufts. Culms 60-120 cm tall, with many basal leaves very
long and narrow arching toward the ground. Leaf-blades 40 -60 cmX 1.5-2 mm, flat, inrolled
and filiform when dry; sheaths rounded on back, glabrous or villose in the basal ones, pilose
at the mouth. Panicle 20-40 cm long, loose; branches 2-5 clustered per node, ascending to
spreading, with spikelets on the upper 1/3-1 /2. pilose in axils. Spikelets usually grayish-green,
lanceolate, compressed, 6-12 mm long, 7 to 11-flowered. Glumes membranous, 1-nerved, the
lower glume 1.5 mm long, the upper 2.5 mm. Lemmas 2.2-2.6mm long, 3-nerved, sharply
keeled on back; paleas hyaline, shorter than lemmas. Anthers linear, 1.2 mm long. Grains
ellipsoidal, about 1.4 mm long, easily free from lemma and palea at maturity. Chromosome
number 2n = 20, 40, 50, 60 etc.
DISTR. Native to S. Africa. Widely introduced in warm-temperate to tropical regions of the
world, used as fodders and ornamental sand-binders. Common in Japan, loo. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 215-217. Bor(1960): 507.
488
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
S : IX. 18
489
* t V P~9~ O-HI-SHIBA, CfflKARAGUSA[Jap.] GoOSEGRASs[EngJ
Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn., Fruct. et Semin. Pl. 1:8(1788). Cynosurvs indicus L.C1753).
----E. gracilis Salisb.(1796). E. japonica Steud.(1854). E. indica var. oligostachya
Honda(1927).
1^. 15-60cm,
2<О.Ш, 15-40cm, 3 - 7mm, Ь, 9 t $ ГХЪ&Дё
9 o-C, Д 5 7-15cm, Ш 3 - 4mm. 'J«
ш©тшжлк01-со£, fi$4-6mm, 4-5'HE/j‘p>fc9,
1.5-2mm, Ш, &-z&gU±2.5-3mm-C, +£KK-t-,tfe&2
3.5mm, Ш^9, &^£ £ U££ & ?>. (ШЦ1 9
^Й<, 2 0.7mm. 1.5mm,
2п=18.
(ТЕДА) 8-юл. (ЯФ) » И9В, Л#|, т. 4 УТОЗЛ'/К.
Wlte«4fcWtlf£, 4 - 5 Ш&ОФВ
Sffi-T-, Ж?Й©1тШ,и-£*£'), ^#!i2otffb £fr6fr£'. ТЕйЬ<ЧИЙГС£?>. П^ШЖН.2©
Ж-е, EI^7cbOXl'£ ££>К.(Хх., t (й В Ж) Л 0 ЙН 5 №iZ-1 9 , WM/tli,
®<-С, £ £КЛ Ъ.
Weedy annual in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, ascendindg to erect, 15-60 cm tall. Leaf-
blades folded, linear, 15-40 cm X 3-7 mm, obtuse at apices, glabrous except loosely ciliate
basal margins; sheaths laterally compressed, keeled on back; ligules to 1 mm tall, with
laciniate upper margins. Inflorescence composed of 2-7 clustered racemes 7-15 cm long and
3-4 mm wide. Spikelets arranged in 2 rows on rachis, green, flattened, 4 to 5-flowered, 4-6 mm
long; both glumes and lemmas strongly keeled on back; lower glume 1.5-2 mm, 1-nerved; the
upper 2.5 3 mm, with one thick and a few to several faint nerves. Lemmas 3 3.5 mm, 3-nerved
along the keels and often with faint nerves near margins. Paleas shorter than lemmas. Grains
with thin pericarp, and often naked seed falling down from the spikelet; the seed dark-brown,
finely wrinkled. Chromosome number 2n = 18.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in warm-
temperate to tropical regions of the world. REFER. Claytonf 1986): 221-222. Bort 1960): 493.
490
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
s: TOfr vui. 2
491
уз? t.Ar. n tf ce. Shikokubie, KonBOHBiEfJap.] Finger MiLLET[Eng.l
Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn., Fruct. et Semin. Pl. 1:8(1788).-----Cynosurus coracanus L.
(1759).
ifii £ 1.5m JU_hK. % ft >), bf
ЙЖЙ < "С lift® 1cm U±, BfrUftS 20-40cm, Й 5-13mm,
^h.^h.Oft£lX7-10em, ЙЩЖИ 6 - 7mm fc'Zo, 0^111045
mmtc4ft*>, 7Ей1опадк1ХФйй'2?11^^^, 'j$m*
^<H5-6'J'7EZ»e>ftoX, ft £ 7 - 8шт. (EIHfOX t Ж
KJк ft ъ t JOe *'MR£ W L Йt' -c 111, * n i1 % ъ-Г left < Ъ о (ft, 11 -^'к^Ь h ftnmb
Ъ. Шй $ 3mm £ I) , Фй>е>^&, W, S2mmli<L'<Oe^lB
<<?>. т*ЙРЖ ft£0.7-lmm. 2n = 36.
(TEW!) 8-10Л. (Ж) 10№Яо»№Г12;< WSft, 4 > Ft4i«^^A- h 4 -л©1 5K-LT
ft-<, SfciHoJOHc-ffcti'S. H/krita^Uiiu^'ibAoTi'ft>b©t^Gn, ^t-CiWt^
ИУЙШ1УЮ. (iai$<n*'^) жкид
<&.l-.tc0b-ct'-t, й+'ftW, Wt’Lbi'iki’om
птч'fee iici ?>. ’7^’7 ь'хадйлйойхкi ?>1Шtoggle 1: i. tt
^ЖАЙР(4.± l ^©^SiLXgoXi'J.
Robust annual rarely cultivated or adventive. Culms tufted, erect, 0.64.5 m tall or more,
weakly compressed, smooth, glossy; leaf-blades 20-40 cm X 5-13 mm, carinate; sheaths
smooth, keeled on back, ciliate at the mouth; ligules a fringe of 2 mm long hairs. Spikes 2-7
clustered at the tip of culm, 710 cm long, 6-7 mm wide in anthesis, 10-15 mm wide at
maturity. Spikelets in 2 rows, usually 5 to 6- flowerde, 7-8 mm long, similar to those of E.
indica in anthesis; but in maturity all the grains persistent for a long time. Grain about 3 mm
diam., globose, with thin pericarp easily breaking away exposing a naked seed; the seed
smooth and orange-coloured when ripe. Chromosome number 2n=36(4x).
DI STR. Widely cultivated in tropical regions of the Old World for food and alcoholic
beverage. In Japan it has been introduced anciently, presumably before the art of rice-crop;
but now (1986) almost extinct. REFER. Clayton(1986): 221-222. Bor(1960): 492-493.
492
Fin: 5® L fc ЖУг 4гЙ1 < 4ЧЕ Floret embracing matured grain. TS: ft!OlJtKIi|fu Transverse section of culm.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
« КЙ»Й!ЙВ^--КЙ«1Т X. 5
Я'У SV W TATSU-NO-TSUMEGAYA[Jap.] Crowfoot GRASS[Eng.]
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 72, Expl. Pl. 15(1812).-Cynosurus
aegyptius L.C1753).-Eleusine aegyptia (L.) Desf.(1798).-Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum (L.)
Willd. (1809).
1^#:. ifcli
ЙЙ, ®?10-40cm, Uplift ? 3 - 7 (-10)cm, 2 - 8mm, ИШ Lfcft
i »iiW?0.5-
1mm, SStt?E^t±^m*‘b(2)3-6^, WttfcU'.-СЙШ, LHUfFftM
big 9, ft £ 2 - 5cm. 2 ^UKLSfecX,
f, ft? 2mm /J'Wi3-4(5)'breZhibZtt>, JBHS
nfcV'. ^-^(ift? 2mm,
rt^t±38M-C, ££оЖо01гК1'Ж^Н)йЧёЙ-Г£. ft? 0.7mm кEX’,
Ф|*)1Йй'ЬШг, 2n=20, 38, 48 ItE.
(7EM0J 7-9Я. IBt«TriWOo®^-C, 7/П, Ф-х b 7 ') 7KM.
et • ЫЫгЪ. ;«tro, ИВ. ^HftE'T?tt®igifetin^tHS. W
Й?ЙШ-->УЬ. (|5|$<лй'^) fgot 5
(ЙАР), tti <?, яле>Л‘ГК5иХ’^%. (7-hl EISOl:)
К-^ЙФ^Зп К Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum (L.) Willd. i'ft life % & Ь, Cynosurus aegyptius L.
й' ЬФ £ L L X % -, E % * V' Й', L X V'Ш X’ * ft I \
Adventive annual found in warm regions of Japan. Culms compressed, erect or ascending
from prostrate bases, rooting at basal nodes. Leaf-blades 3- 7( -10)cm X 2-8 mm, loosely pilose
on both surfaces, especially on margins; sheaths keeled on back, compressed, glabrous; ligules
inconspicuous, 0.5-1 mm tall. Spikes 3-6, digitately arranged at tips of erect branches, 2-5 cm
long; spikelets green, sessile, arranged in two alternate rows on the lower face of flattened
rachis except their tips; and the tip projecting as a short spine 2 mm long or so. Spikelets 3
to 4 (5)-flowered; lower glume 2 mm long, 1-nerved, often persistent; the upper 2 mm long,
with midnerve protruded into a long, crooked awn, deciduous after anthesis; lemmas ovate,
3-nerved; paleas membranous, broadly winged on the nerves. Grains minute, 0.7 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n = 20, 38, 48 etc.
DISTR. Native to tropical regions of the Old World, naturalized in America and Australia.
Common in Isis. Ryukyu, Isis. Amami and Isis. Bonin; and occasionally found in waste places
in southern Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu. REFER. Clayton(1986): 223. Gilliand(1971):81.
Gould(1975J: 223.
494
AP: Apex of raceme.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE t
XO. 82
X,, VII. 5
495
HlGE-SHIBA[JapJ
Sporobolus japonicus (Steud.) Maxim, ex Rendle, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 388(1904).—
Agrostis japonica Steud. (1855).
$ft 1 WEIL'S.
10-25cm. S 2 - 7cm, ♦§ 2 - 4mm,
giK.li^< ©КД b®.<,
ЬкЭбт tt£>. «fflilil, ft$1.5-6cm, ЙИ£< ХШЙЬ. 'b
Bz^-t£W£< WBtMBtfo J: Sic**.*. Ш 1 2-2.2»,
fet, №№&>), 1.5шт, ММ
1^5. »»<, wstPK-crt^i&t, «fa
ТИ. [WggJ: WMgl'. 0.3mm rtft. й^^^Йй'<Н-СФоа7-й*Ш
Si4±ft£ 1.5mm, Й’Шй'СШ'Ь&НШ 1Л£*>6. ?fefeW2n = 40.
(7ЕЯП 8-10Л. E9H, Л)‘Н, ®1Я ФЙ. 9 4 УЖЖ1ХЕ1*. (|в)£<7)*'£)
UjOSJfelcHx, ^ВЛОЖГ'а4-Л/г/1'ВйЭД1'НЙ®©^1: Zx b , V &И
<r>&< X l\ Й
Ф zxffi-т *; c fin щ ъ <r> 14e® -с & z>.
Small annual growing on wet soil in lowland or lower mountain belts, with scattered
minute glands (papillae) on whole body. Culms solitary or tufted, erect, 10-25 cm tall, with
a few' branches; leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, 2-7 cm X 2-4 mm, soft, with papilla-based
hairs and papillae on margins; sheaths shorter than blades; ligules a series of minute hairs.
Panicle erect, 1.5-6 cm long, 2 -3 mm wide, spike-like with short branches erect and appressed
to rachis, brownish and lustrous. Spikelets 1-flow'ered, 2-2.2 mm long; glumes scarious; the
lower 1.5 mm long, nerveless; the upper as long as spikelet, 1-nerved. Lemma ovate, obtuse at
apex, inrolled, rounded on back, with obscure nerves; palea slightly shorter than lemma.
Anthers ca. 0.3 mm. Grains 1.5 mm long, light-brown, with deciduous pericarp, and naked seed
falling free. Chromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 224-225. Koyama(1987): 278.
496
MA: 0 а-'$пК<Ол. < h.fc" li Margin of leaf-blade with papilla and papilla-based hair.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
8IX.13, IX.22
497
Nezumi-no-o [ Jap.] Smutgrass [Eng.]
Sporobolus fertilis (Steud.) W. Clayton, Kew Bull. 19: 291(1965).---S. fertilis var. fertilis, in
J. Ohwi Fl. Japan rev. ed.: 1441(1975).----Agroslis fertilis Steud.(1854).--S. elongates of
authors, not R. Br.----S. indicus of asiatic authors, not R. Br.-S. indicus (L.) R. Br. subsp.
purpureo-suffusus T. Koyama(1987) not Ohwi.
20-70cm, AHsW, Й < T
20-60cm, ®1.5-6mm, If < < <? , WU о tiTrh-, M
t’SHCEUtiO-C, ^й'1*©^©1 StAi, Д$15-40ст, ШЗ.5-4.5mm,
2-2.5mm, 9 , 5 ^ФЙ© 1/4-
1/3'С&к, 1/2-2/3 tciSL, ш 1 ВДЮ2-2.2и, 1Ж,
|*1^<>|5|Й-С2 гь-с-тз®, 0.6-0.8mn>, ^fe. 1.2
mm, £№t<mtV'©t, йфжшш
2n=36 (ЖЖЙ=).
(7ЕЯ01 9-11Л. ф>с^<, E9S, AM, ЖЭс.
H'ftztteb. £Й7-;>71сМЖ!М1Ж
ЯЯИ'Й© 1 51О.;Ш( .hZj>bT-M^ft4?<AS/:A7£b&£W-O'?>©#
Ы>Ъ. ФШ^ШФ,
ЪМ'ЫМ. (>-Н Г'ОЬ'-СЯФОЛЧ'АКШйЧН'
мж.
Perennial weed growing in low meadows or roadside. Culms tufted, erect, 20-70 cm tall,
very stiff, glabrous; leaf-blades 20-60 cm X 1.5-6 mm, rather thick and lustrous, nearly gla-
brous, folded with involute margins; sheaths smooth, with tufted hairs at mouth; ligules a
fringe of minute hairs. Panicle dense, apparently narrow cylindrical, with short and erect
branches, 15-40 cm long, 3.5-4.5mm wide, lead-green to brownish-green. Spikelets 2-2.5 mm
long; glumes scarious, lustrous; the lower 1/4—1/3 as long as spikelet, nerveless; the upper
1/2-2/3, faint 1-nerved. Lemma 2-2.2 mm, scarious, faint 1-nerved, involute; palea as long as
lemma, 2-keeled. Stamens 3; anthers 0.6-0.8 mm, light-yellow. Grains 0.8-1 mm long, reddish-
brown at maturity, with deciduous pericarp, and naked seed falling free. Chromosome
number 2n = 36 (Tokyo, by Ono & Tateoka 1953).
DISTR. Japan (Very common in Honshu. Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan, Chinese
Continent. REFER. Clayton(1986): 224-225. Clayton(1965): 287-293. Koyama( 1987): 274-275.
Ohwi(1975): 1441.
498
Sm: StS4r&V%fc'h® Spikelet embracing matured grain.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
«: IX.24
499
у X ft MuRASAKI-NEZUMI-NO-o[JapJ
Sporobolus fertilis (Steud.) W. Clayton var. purpureo-suffusus (Ohwi) Ohwi, Fl. Japan rev.
ed.: 1441(1975).---S. elongatus R. Br. var. purpureo-suffusus Ohwi(1941).-S. indicus (L.)
R. Br. subsp. purpureo-suffusus (Ohwi) T. Koyama(1962).----S. indicus subsp. pallidior T.
Koyama(1962).
i®? 50-100cm, виЯК^ШЙС/с^о^Х ; /
25crn £KUi50cm КЛ ft *), £ h
£ £ <? Lfti'&£<o*x i /
3ri)* ib5Md"C, ci ji&i&Si t а2Ж a ? -v- t- X < / X var. purpureo-suffusus £ X ЛХЧ'
ФГв|®й^1'.
(7EM01 9-11Я. (У— b) W. D. Clayton(1965)A»iK^"Ct'?> X Sic Sporobolus indicus Of+IWii/cV'
^#JgOtrr*'Li4©-C, $©«36X8^0^ a«lbH
< S. fertilis (Steud.) W. Clayton t lAt £#>-Cl'£. Clayton i X, EI^OT-X ; J it
(it-л h 7 7© S. elongatus bHft: b, Bi '/ К^й© S. indicus (c^i"C ibHfc 0 L"Cl'fc
Clayton ti E. G. Steudel й'й=й1 Japonia i L”Cl2®t L-fc Agrostis fertilis -t© 4 ©?£?> <S i:
I'SLfc. Х#4С1ОЙ^^»-С1'Ф(Г0*1ЙЙШ1975^ЙЙ p. 1441). SftX#t±lirttC*X; /X,
s-c', мн-сад’Л©®.й'А!Ьн?>й\ r®7->7, < у грана
tfL/cX 5ft^5£69ft*x ; / *п^Ыг/£< tgb. d'U-i^X© ') *^x c / д
7fb + *Xi / t h.6 (©i®bix5.
rt-LfcZ>>, (Ейб9Л:%о^^х1-с tii'.
As was stated by W. D. Clayton, Sporobolus indicus complex is very polymorphic, and many
recognized species within the complex are linked by an almost continuous range of intermedi-
ates. Though their taxonomy is very difficult, mainly based on their geographical distribution
and characteristic shape of the seed of each species, he recognized 11 species in the world.
The Japanese plants had been errorneously called S. indicus (L.) R. Br. or S. elongatus R. Br.
before his study (1965). But he found that Agrostis fertilis Steud.(1964) described as Japonia
is the Japanese Smutgrass itself; and S. fertilis (Steud.) W. D. Clayton, comb. nov. was
published. This Japanese species is also polymorphic, and two infraspecific taxa, namely var.
purpureo-suffusus Ohwi and var. pallidior T. Koyama have been published. But it may be of
no use to recognize these infraspecific taxa.
REFER. Key to Sporobolus spp.... Ohwi(1965): 176. Koyama(1987): 274-275. Bor(1960):630-
632. Clayton(1965): 287-297. Lazarides(1980): 190-192. Hsu(1974): 441.
500
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
Ш: IX.25
501
У ^1/yX SoNARE-SHiBA[Jap.] Seashore DROPSEED [Am.!
Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth, Rev. Gram. 1: 67(1829). Agrostis mrginica L.(1753).—
Crypsis mrginica (L.) Nutt.(1818).----A. littoralis Lam.(1791).---S. littoralis (Lam.) Kunth
(1829).
15-60cm Ш1,НЙЙ1?Й<
m. £< o3ltiOJZL<^Wc#tX, OHS? 3 * 7cm, Ш1-Зтт, film
.RStfccmfc'^, T/Zwcfiite О £ 5 ©t,
ЬХФЙ1К1Н5©-С, LtiLtf^UZE^OX 5Г^Л.. ft£4-8cm, ©t>Ki3f&£&
ъ. Фтдs 1.8-2.2mm, 14<й'бй9, m-r^-ciem
t>, М-т'Ж ютй 2 1.5-2.2mm, lJlRitli
3AR*‘iM, iWliM<, ^«и-Ш'ЙЙ. ^Ь-«'ХЗЖ йа->$1.5тт. $ffeW2n=24.
(7Ш) 7-11Л. (#«) iWOftJHW, W. 7->7, 7 7 ’) л, !) 7, 77 У*
y*O/'-i> = 7< U^l^eozrSO >1'®Ж//Ч1С'4ЬоХ.
J: 5-fH, ^й,£^хЧШ;£й^й'‘о<.
|^ЙЙИЧО^ЙЫЬЖ^©^-О#Ш^-Х 5-Г^Йй^П^', |й]5ЁШ№й
5. t2^*;‘2l@i 4^iL^£/J'^LIйJДCЙ>:5O('i, t л 4 X ? / Я L > % fc, 7-Х < 7
Zc>l'-C-^>6.
Creeping perennial growing on sandy soil along seashore. Rhizomes or runners very long;
erect culms stiff, 15-60 cm tall, simple or sometimes fastigiate with many short branches;
leaves many, pinnately arranged, 3-7 cm X1-3 mm, with inrolled and smooth margins; leaf-
sheaths short and overlapping each other, glabrous but long-hairy at the mouths; ligules
reduced to a series of minute hairs. Panicle 4-8 cm long, dense, often spike-like with branches
erect and appressed to rachis. Spikelets 1.8-2.2 mm long; glumes nearly as long as spikelets,
1-nerved; lemma 1.5-2.2 mm long, one or three nerved, with nerveless palea of the same
length. Chromosome number 2n=24.
DISTR. In Japan occurs in Southern Kyushu and Ryukyus, also widely distributed in
subtropical to tropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia and America. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 224-225, (1965): 295-296. Lazarides(1980): 190-191.
502
AP: Apex of leaf-blade. SH: MZc 0 a Leaf-sheaths, overlapping each other.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE t
IX.29
503
t Я % X \ 7 % HlME-NEZUMI-NO-o[Jap.]
Sporobolus hancei Rendle, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 387(1904).
ШМ<, ЙМ5-
30cm, ГЗМЯи-1 - 3 S 3 - 8cm, Й
ЯК$1<Шй:!), *g 1 - 2mm, HSft
r 10cm Г^-Г6Й*>, Ш
&<, Wlll-r. НШЕ^ЙЙ, ffi$ 3-8cm, feiifiK,
it'mM, 1.7-2mrn, ЫЧЕй'ЬйО,
5-n«, ^!Я©ф*Ж&%Ъ,
L Й' 9, W 2Жй;Й>2>. 0.5-0.7пи.
SSlmm, «ПКШ, Ltf
ъ -Ь.
Ml 5Л. (W ФВХййа, iit'-zm Hft
тФВ1$Й15. (1ч)Ж<7>*'£'] Bilfi'/ ± ki/^K^o < 0-СЙ>6й', 7 7’у У'<©Wti£ < OgfiA'lbft !>,
^»оЖй'Тй‘Р>±4-Сй^'^Г-о< orML, Wi±b-r^l-31KX'LA4WoTa5K^>57cft, 1
)&»£>, ^Я^ЕГСЧЯЯ-ЕГЬП*. tfcvTk^iJlIlTlcIi'Sim ft
&> <Ж’ЬЖ'Го^Я’Ь, t > *x i 7 ?f-}ШЖй‘£а<, < ^й‘7£1'О-с, £Н-сЧЯ)Ж7Фэ<. Ф
вадаоЖ'Ь-Гй'КУЬ $ i ч
Perennial growing in the seashore of tropical regions, with short rhizomes. Culms tufted,
erect. 1 to 3-noded, with clustered leaves at base; leaf-blades inrolled, filiform, 3-8 cm x 1-2
mm; sheaths smooth, glabrous, with a few ciliate around the mouth; ligules reduced to a series
of minute hairs. Panicle dense, erect, 3-8 cm long; branches and branchlets short and smooth.
Spikelets 1.7-2 mm long, 1-flowered; glumes equal in size, 1-nerved, scarious, lustrous; lemma
as long as glumes, ovate, scarious, with a long midnerve and 2 faint lateral nerves, inrolled
clasping the palea. Palea as long as lemma. Anthers 0.5-0.7 mm long. Grains 1 mm long,
rather compressed, pale brownish, with deciduous and fragile pericarp, and naked seed falling
free.
DISTR. Kyushu(Sata in Kagoshima pref.), Ryukyus, rare. Taiwan, s. Chinese Continent,
Philippenes. REFER. Clayton( 1986): 224-225. Key to Sporobolus spp.... Ohwi(1965): 176.
Koyama(1987): 274-275.
504
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
g ' 1. 7
505
NEZUMIGAYAtJap.]
Muhlenbergia japonica Steud., Synop. Pl. Gram. 1:422(1854).
SXtifti'*', %r<fi<, 0
mw, Д3 5-
15cm, ♦s2-4mm, t £ М-ЪФ’Й‘Ки^Т?£>£. 1^X5® § 0.2mm < P>V't.
ЬО^^Х^й^Л^ХЛ.*. Wlift £ 8-15cm, ifcsZSfctX^5 ftftH, KtX^-gbt^o5 1
*o£, ^©ФЙЖЬ-С, ЙВС1, ШМ.
*£2.5-3mm, I'ME^GftO, ^^tXfi^InJft, T?&SW, llibW, ft £ 1.5-2ma Х'ф
»<O l/2-2/3tcgfc5. 2^1, ЗЖ
ftcora/J'GWHiL-teiftS. &X}Xft}Xftffl < , Ki, ft^4-8mm. ^Хф£<, ft^o.7-lmm. $
fe-ЙТХ 2n = 42.
ITEMS) 8-10Л. (#fi) «Ж, *M, I3H, AM, -^5. ФИ, У 7^4X 9 4
(|p)$<7)*^'H£%o^fti7c^-o5 ГА6П, Ф»Ш4', ЙШЫ? 1 WOGft 0,
d'Bi 0 ftl'T^//^fi&'fSU''£<bM^li, if*Xt RJ C-Bofdl© t cDfX£'A
= * X i #7 < )ttlTt О ЛМ-Х-®t&do'bnftftt 'Юй'2> Z> o-c, ЭДТЙВ&9 ±H'2> i,
Jftftl'ftlOftl'A'bOl^X 5 Л'7©^(ХЙ|5й>6^®
fil't
Gracile perennial growing in grassland or roadside of arableland, without rhizomes and
with young shoots covered by imbricated scales. Main parts of culms creeping and spreading,
rooting at nodes; flowering branches suberect to ascending, 20-30 cm tall; leaf-blades soft, flat,
5-15 cm X 2-4 mm; sheaths keeled on back; ligules 0.2 mm long, short ciliate on margins.
Panicle 8-15 cm long, erect to nodding; branches solitary, short and erect-divergent, with
dense spikelets grayish-green and partially purplish in colour. Spikelets 2.5-3 mm long,
1-flowered; glumes subequal, membranous-hyaline, 1-nerved 1.5-2 mm long; lemma papery,
shallowly bifid at apex, 3-nerved, the midnerve protruded into a straight awn from the apex;
the awn capillary, 4-8 mm long. Anthers 0.7-1 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 42.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), China, Korea, Amur.
REFER. Clayton(1986); 226-227. Key to Muhlenbergia spp.... Ohwi(1965): 177. Koyama
(1987): 169.
G, +G2: ИЧ HiJV/ ’f i> 2 Glumes persistent on pedicel.
TS: Transverse section of leaf-sheath and culm
506
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
VIII.21
507
Я я ф X \ # Л* OlI-NEZUMIGAYA[JapJ
Muhlenbergia huegelii Trin., Mem. Acad. Sci. Petersb. ser. 6, 6 (2): 293(1841).-M. viridis-
sima Nees ex Steud.(1854).----M. longistolon Ohwi(1949).
®Ж1ХЙ< ЖШФ^ЖтЁ, 1^3-5mm, >) 9 k
COK&4><>. ft$50-
120cm, UX’Mf£< lift £ 10-20cm, Ш4-14тш, Ф*М*Х|ШК<, Sfct
ImmUT. fl«W*ift£ 10-30cm, ft Й'< < Zo t tc
изуъ, Жй1ЬЖ£< ©«WS. ЖО,
Й^Зтт. $ ШШЙ&, Ш, ft£ 0.5-0.7mm, <ffi, М
zi&»iftZ>W^^t£W-CftS 0.7-1mm, ФМ© 1 4>о. ЙВтЗ Ж, ЙЙ5Й <
ftiriaZo 2 С<, -^-ОГвТй‘6 Z>. £ftft$ 7-12тт, Й.Й.. |*]МЙ1Х>Ж^Й Ь tSI'S'lHjft, ИЯ. ЖЛ'Хй
ё 0.7-lmm. 2fefeW 2n = 40. 42.
[7ЕЯЙ1 8-9Я. -Itifel, ФЖ, ИИ, ЛЯ1. ЭД#, ФИ, О^Г/, t-7 7-v
Ж), Ф^7->7. llslft©*'^ 1
ftV'T;tt©e, ^rnft^^-r, д$йЧ'й<э 1/зыт, в©гииш-ш№1ш
[7— bl N. N. Tsvelev(1976)11, M. longistolon Ohwi (11-? 7 M.
huegelii L t о tc < -£Й|5Ф4'|1|Ш:(1987)й'г ЬХб
H4:Sc-5l’X»?©S^X ot UmU)mf>h5©t, Htigel ЙЮЖ
-/®*(СЙ-О< |ЁЖ5Й&i 6. ±Ж1949)иии(1Пф-СЧ M. huegelii
Perennial in montane deciduous forests. Rhizomes to 15 cm long, creeping, covered with
many, imbricate, coriaceous scales, 3-5 mm in diam. including the scales. Culms erect to
ascending, 50-120 cm long, sometimes creeping and branched; leaf-blades 10-20 cmX4-14
mm, with ligules under 1 mm tall. Panicle 10-30 cm long, inclined to nodding, dense, with long
branches bearing many, grayish-green, small spikelets, each with a long capillary awn.
Spikelets lanceolate, 3 mm long; lower glume ovate with dentate apex, 0.5 0.7 mm long,
nerveless; upper glume narrowly ovate, with obtuse to acute apex, 0.7-1 mm long, faintly
1-nerved, both persistent; lemma 3-nerved, pilose near base, awned from bifid tips; the awn
straight and very delicate, 7-12 mm long; palea as long as lemma. Anthers 0.7-1 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n = 40, 42.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). Korea, China, Ussurie, Central Asia,
Himalayas. REFER. Clayton(1986): 226-227. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 644. Ohwi(1949): 3. Haraetal.
(1978): 138. Key to Muhlenbergia spp.... Ohwi(1965): 177. Koyama(1987): 169.
508
G, +G2: Etc® оfc 2 -ЙЯ1 Glumes persistent on pedicel.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
509
*7 -V KlDACin-NO-NEZUMIGAYA[jap.j
Muhlenbergia ramosa (Hack.) Makino, Journ. Jap. Bot. 1:13(1917).-M. japonica Steud.
var. ramosa Hack.(1899).-M. incumbens Honda(1926).
< Ю-ЗОсшК^й 0,
H, b/vJMiffilLt, 40-100cm, T^2/3<
W/3©^tW<^mt,
15cm, «g 3 - 8mm, Ж®Й*<Ьй><, Ф&Ж t 4 *) S Ф Ф Ф X < i ©I#
(«io. Жт&И&'г 0.5mm. НШЗДЗ 7-13cm, ЙЙ, ftii 1 -2
ЙЪ, 2.5-Зи,
l'NE^bftS. ШВДЯШ, ЙВД, ш, £Z/b, 2/3-4/5.
ИФ$Й£ИД, ЗЖ, £Ж5< 1с41Х*ЬЛс^й*^Ь, Ф*ЯШ#ЖЬ-Сйг 5-8mrn ОЙйи/гЯП'С
fcL-<tt3f@, ^li*$ 0.5-0.7mm
(7ЕЯЙ) 8-10Я. (3MD Ф^НФЗШВ, КУИ, ЛМ. ФВФЯ5. HtWM (й£<7>й'-I
ФХ 5 й' + i ±Ъ^Х-ФфС'/Д *V'®Stigl.5-2mm, Й© b 6ЙЧ'Ь A,tfKl*>fe;b;h.,
О_Ь7? 1/3 <-РА'©Ш>й‘6Я5Г £1сйтт7ЕЙШ, ®т&й'>£й^, Л.<,
Дг^'МЙО 2/31U±Z££©^^to. fc/сЬФХ «
&М 5 й>X I\ О—Ю -V ~/ФХ г й'-Vft, Ф1ЯjEiiV/ffffl! М.incumbens Lfc t О/сй», Cfi
ИФ^Ф/ ФХ 5 й'-V «Ей® «ЕЭДИ, i JMl'S.
Perennial in temperate forests, with long creeping rhizomes. Rhizomes often 10-30 cm long,
1.5-2 mm in diam., covered by imbricated, papery, soft scales. Culms erect to ascending, 40-
100 cm tall; their lower 2/3 not branched and with few leaves; upper 1/3 with several flower-
ing branches and leaves; leaf-blades 8-15 cm X 3-8 mm, soft and smooth, with ligules 0.5 mm
tall. Panicles 7-13 cm long, erect; branches solitary to paired per node, erect-patent in
anthesis, eventually erect and appressed to rachis, bearing rather dense spikelets. Spikelets
1-flowered, 2.5-3 mm long, grayish-green; glumes equal, membranous-hyalin, lanceolate,
attenuate at apex, about 2/3-4/5 as long as spikelet. Lemma 2.5-3 mm long, 3-nerved, pilose
at base, the midnerve protruded into a thin straight awn 5-8 mm in length; palea as long as
lemma. Anthers 0.5-0.7 mm long, yellow.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; western half of Honshu. Shikoku, Kyushu), c. China. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 226-227. Koyama(1987): 173.
G, +G2: fc 2 Glumes persistent on pedicel
SC: KJtfeisis 0 0 Scales covering the rhizome
510
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
Ш : ШЛОИМ IX. 14 511
□ у 7 X'; Х7"Л* KoSHI-NO-NEZUMIGAYALJap.]
Muhlenbergia curviaristata (Ohwi) Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55:397(1941).--M. ramosa
(Hack.) Makino var. curviaristata Ohwi(1937).-M. tenuiflora (Willd.) B. S. P. subsp. cur-
viaristata (Ohwi) T. Koyama et Kawano(1964).
10cm U±lc4> fr 6ft «U£fct&3-4mm, ®< Xl?-V
Ь Й £ 60-100cm.
ft c? 7-12cm, 4@ 3 - 7mm, i <? 0.5-lmm, PJ$£TL)t’Tift £ 15~35cm,
1Ш< &Й51 - 3*©&£tHL, ЙШ/AftC. ^©ГвЦХЙЙП-С, * * * X t *' -V tl±<,
TE/?^itfb-C>ft<^£6. dWoftoimttStW, ft $ 3-3.5mm, l'NU>
E>frb, ЙМЮ-С-йг 2-2.3mm, Ш, ^tl4±frt±^< i*‘6. fOGiftS 3-3.5
mm, 2§l, ЗЖ, 3 - 4шж ©ttjZ LfcMb'£ <L fr 9,
®:^Й’4ХЛ.5. ^iifts 1шт|Ш. &fefttl2n=40.
(ТЕМЯ) 7-10Я. (5H&) ^)НФ®%)?©НФЙ^®ЬА:11ЛЁСЯХ.6. f -f 7<№ХЙ111Й
(Isl£<7>*'?) Elite
Я ^^-^Ite'bX-iBav'TE^fri*, —Й^-ШХ:4Х-с|й|Ж©{(11©Ж^бЯ5)-Не>71
6. 1/4 F^L^frV'O-C,
ШШО2/3-4/5 4>*5^8й‘1ЬШ1о t bMWE>H6. (/-b) N.N.
Tsvelev (1976) te, з •> / ^X s #-V&jt*M*i5l'CJ$;7|5T6 M. tenuiflora L, -£o®Slc
£ 4> ©й' £ 4> t' 3. 4'01^(1964) % IWM-C& о fc*’>, Г В $ i ^(5ЙИ©4 (1987)
-C4i, fltXifejZ®R^Ui<5.
Perennial in the deciduous forests of middle to northern Honshu along the Japan-Sea.
Culms erect, scarcely branched, 60-100 cm tall; with long rhizomes covered with imbricated,
coriaceous, turgid scales. Leaf-blades 7-12 cmX3-7 mm; ligules 0.5-1 mm tall. Panicle attain-
ing 15-35 cm long, rather slender; branches 1-3 per node, distant each other, bearing moder-
ately dense spikelets on the upper halves. Spikelets 3 -3.5 mm long, 1-flowered; glumes sube-
qual, lanceolate, membranous-hyalin, 2-2.3 mm long, about 2/3-4/5 length of the spikelet;
lemma 3-3.5 mm long, 3-nerved, pilose at base, the midnerve protruded into a straight awn
from the bidentate apex; the awn 3-4 mm long, thin and capillary. Anthers ca. 1 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (c. Honshu, along the Japan-Sea). REFER. Clayton(1986): 226-
227. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 644. Koyama(1987): 173, 518.
512
G, • Gi: ЙЕКЙе-, tc 'L Qijfl Glumes persistent on pedicel. SC: КЖ<0 0 Scale of rhizome.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
Й: VIII. 17
513
Miyama-nezumigaya [Jap.]
Muhlenbergia curviaristata (Ohwi) Ohwi var. nipponica Ohwi, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55:397
(1941).---M. tenuiflora B. S. P. subsp. owiiinstotoCOhwi) T. Koyama et Kawano(1964).—
M. curviaristata forma nipponicaQOh'Ni) T. Koyama(1987).
=»•>/*X £ оКХ ФЙ©Д5©1.5-2®-, i
(TEW) 8-10Я. M) «Й, ? fl
Л-&. U- H => -> / Ф X s Л'-V l i + -r*x t miKMf, i %
liVffi'ti) M. tenuiflora B. S. P. ©SfiiLt subsp. curviaristata (Ohwi) T. Koyama et Kawano,
Canad, Journ. Bot. 42:868 (1964) ©£-Cl Л,-СЧ'7с#, 1987*ffl© tfi
HCb' M.curviaristata (Ohwi) Ohwi £ -V-v^X ; Л'-V^-^Qnnffl t О'СЗбЗЕL"ti'6. £й>
%Й'Ч-Сl'Ъ 1 5 К, □ / $Х i Л* + ОН ЙФft £ 0
Кй^-tfcb, ь 5tc®
bh5. 5,
Perennial similar to var. curviaristata, but is distinguished by the far longer and strictly
straight awns, 1.5-2 times or more as long as spikelet, and in as far as the specimens I
observed, the plants are apt to be more slender with usually narrower leaves and panicles.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, northern half of Honshu). S. Kurils. NOTE T. Koyama and S.
Kawano (1964) once did not accept the difference of var. curviaristata and var. nipponica, and
combined both plants into one and the same subspecies of M. tenuiflora occurring in the
eastern half of N. America; but later T. Koyama recognized M. curviaristata as a dependent
species (1987), and var. nipponica Ohwi as its forma in his “ Grasses of Japan and its
Neighbouring Regions.” However, as was stated by J. Ohwi, these two infraspecific taxa seem
clear-cut from each other by the length of awn and their distribution areas do not coincide.
My opinion is the same with J. Ohwi’s. REFER. Clayton(1986): 226-227. Koyama & Kawano
(1964): 867-868. Koyama(1987): 173.
514
SC: t> Scale of rhizome. G,+G2: 2 (ЗМЙ Glumes persistent on pedicel.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
Й : Йft- Vll.22
515
□t X' ч Ko-NEZUMIGAYA[Jap.] NlMBLE WILL [Am.]
Muhlenbergia schreberi J. F. GmeL, Syst. Nat. 2:171(1791).-M. diffusa Willd.(1797).—
Dilepyrum minutiflorum Michx.(1803).
£< ©M&Lfc^tiig ;M0-30cin, 2-7cm, *g2-4mm, ЙШ&, Й^й^-jt^bo
£, 5-15cm, &tW.C, ЙЙ*TElf
Ш, ft$2mm, Wii$i'b-c£
fe, 1ЙЙ, », 0.2mm ЫТ, 5&Z?am 0.2-0.5mm, bOMItT'
7’01 gSitaS, WttKtW, fi52mm, 3
Ж Й^ГЙ<Й^йЧ±х., $go 2 #соГв1*>ЬЯг 1-2^01* L
fce/J'IH?». Д2 1-1.4™,
&feW2n = 40.
(TEW 9Л. (#Tn) X1W# rffiTLftW Hi IWffl
ff-, £гЬЛ'Ш£г.йН,1-Ь. iffi-T. 9 < УЙМг»
7> УЛО^У-^-ТЯ (|s|^<7)^ OtibSA'1, =y7
®-e, X'bT|H|©tfe*4t>, t ofc<SW:< COJKO^lXi’bt
7Atc<i»o-e, ФТЕй'Йко7г£>£, O-S-jfcHUi
$x'i ЯЛ'^9 =9 i *'-YzMbl’.W£‘Ofri, С£0Д7сЦ-СЛ'< ЕЛ'-С^б.
An adventive perennial in shady places of inhabited areas. Lower culms slender, spreading,
decumbent at base, rooting from lower nodes, not forming creeping rhizomes; flowering
branches 10-30 cm tall; leaf-blades 2-7 cm X 2-4 mm, glaucous-green, slightly rough on sur-
face. Panicle 5-15 cm long, with short suberect branches bearing rather loose spikelets.
Spikelets Lflowered, lanceolate, 2 mm long; glumes minute, membranous-hyalin,nerveless; the
lower under 0.2 mm, the upper 0.2-0,5 mm long, cup-shaped with zigzag margin, often lacking
the lower. Lemma chartaceous, ovate-lanceolate, 3-nerved, scaberulous pubescent on back,
awned at apex; awn straight, 1-2 times as long as spikelet; grains reddish-brown, 1-1.4 mm.
Cromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Rarely adventive in Honshu. Native to eastern half of N. America. REFER.Clayton
(1986): 226-227. Key to Muhlenbergia spp.... Ohwi(1965): 177. Koyama(1987): 169.
516
G, - G,: б'ЙНЁЙ Glumes persistent on pedicel. LB: зйДчо—ЙК Part of leaf-blade.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
S : ЙЙ1Й Я.
517
T ACHI-NEZUMIGA YA [ Jap.]
Muhlenbergia hakonensis (Hack.) Makino, Journ. Jap. Bot. 1:13(1917).-----M. japonica
Steud. var. hakonensis Hack.(1899).----M.frondosa (Poir.) Fernaid subsp. hakonensis
(Hack.) T. Koyama et Kawano(1964).
KE. b HtHL-C, й>
Р>1Й, Й2 40-80ст, 10-20ст, 4g 2 - 4mm,
SttS? 0.3mm KE. РЗШ№*ЙЙ, fl5$6-15cm, fcM<, ЬйЧ Ot*, ft If
—Wit®, Д^аал-4.5аж, K.
-ЙЖИ|Й|®|Й|±. fi£3mm&0, 1ВШ-СШ, d<© 2/3 'J'ftOlft
£Шг< 2Я
1Ы№ L, $ it 6-10тт. i Ш£ЙДЙЙ.
1.5-2тт. 2п=40.
ЮТ8-9Я. (Я-ft) */Н(ййий), Ий, А/Н. ФИ. Я* k LX
ЪйЧЙ*-Г?>ЙОХ 5AIWOs Ф»Х l<bfta> £>&»), *Xiff-VgX
JiioaSlA4oi Ь'Ж‘Д(, 4.5mm L, WLL^O 2/3 < FpV'T?^/J‘M < t Г i i,
®Ф£© hakonensis 1±ЙЙЛ^«^^^
©WS, ^0335ft^^millA’^Lfc^(1888)^5Kt-ier«Lfcr ttcl Ъ.
Gracile perennial in temperate deciduous forests. Rhizomes creeping, attaining 10 cm long
or more, 2 mm in diam., covered with many coriaceous scales; scales several-veined, glossy
and convex dorsally. Culms erect, 40-80 cm long, usually unbranched; leaf-blades 10-20 cmX
2-4 mm, glabrous, with ligules only 0.3 mm tall or so. Panicle very slender, erect, 6-15 cm
long, with short erect branches appressed to rachis. Spikelets a few per branch, narrowly
lanceolate, 3.8-4.5 mm long, grayish-green tinged with purple; glumes membranous, equal in
size and shape, about 3 mm long, 1-nerved, persistent. Lemma as long as spikelet, 3-nerved,
pilose on the basal part, awned at the bilobed apex; awn very slender, 6-10 mm long; palea as
long as lemma. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; western half of Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China. REFER.
Clayton (1986): 226-227.
518
Gi + G,: 2 S® Persistent glumes on pedicel.
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE
Й : lllSftH > Й#|1| Vm.29
519
HAi-siiiBAfJap.]
Lepturus repens (Forst, fil.) R. Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl.: 207(1810).- Rottboellia repem
Forst. fil.(1786).-Monerma repens (Forst, fil.) Beauv.(1812).
Я 2 15-40cm. 2 5-12cm, (® 3 - 5mm, M’S i l-l SBfJfit
0.5-lmm,
&£5-15cm, ?Etti±gi5-ir< Q^rilll^t), t 0 lit/. H±O
2 w, ftilO'J'Wftft Ш©ши, 8-14mm, RV'Wfl
Ж K*4¥<-C®V'. «1Ш 5 - бшш, 3 >), figiiUi аййД
Х-Ж-й- 1-.К«®-^й»Я4-Гб. йаг®, 1.5-2mm. Lt, IKtt <D 0 /v fr L tt
-oft^r>J'Tt^-o<. 2n-54.
[7ЕЖЙ1 10Я. (Я-W AWm^^te^Wftll), m. Ж&7-?7. t-xinz, ,+:и->7, to
У, $.7 7 У Л, 4 * Т Ь 7 У T±-RW. (|3)^<7)Л'^ Й
%ог®Жг(Х£, и^<&йЧдйЧ, Ж.O'bW< 1 1/2Д
О'1Ч£Ш£, )ОМ-?> iiWtgisr'iicKK - ,> ft (/-Mtii
К.Й$?-С'Ай»Н‘?> 3 - 13 у -''ЖЙО'' У / 4- Hainardia cylindrica(Willd.)Greuter—Monerma cylin-
drica(Willd.)Cosson et Drieu, Lepturus cy/zWr?c«s(Willd.)Trin. It 1 $Ь1Ж4., Я^>< tfclift
<, zamn3-5№,
ftfc*fti'rH^'4' y-' tlWISO’fcoi Jfiti'fci!, c
,/c. / *toi-tlip.740#}$.
Perennial growing on sandy seashore in warm regions. Very extensive with long and hard
runners rooting per node. Flowering culms erect to ascending, 15-40 cm tall. Leaf-blades 5-
12cmX3-5mm, glabrous or sparsely ciliate near the mouth. Ligules 0.5-1 mm tall;upper
margin laciniate into a series of short hairs. Spike solitary at the tip of culm, 5-15 cm long;
rachis distinctly flexuose per node; bearing a sessile spikelet embedded in the cavity of each
internode. Only the terminal spikelet (fig. St) has 2 glumes of the same length, and the lateral
spikelet has 1 glume. The glume narrowly lanceolate, 8-14 mm long, multi-nerved, thick and
indurated. Floret 5-6 mm long; lemma hyalin, with faint 3 nerves; palea as long as lemma,
ciliate with very minute hairs on the keel. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long. On the rachilla extention,
with a very reduced, scaly floret. Chromosome number 2n=54.
DISTR. Southernmost Kyushu, Ryukyus. Widespread on islands encircling the Indian
Ocean. REFER. Clayton(1986); 229. Lazarides(1980): 180. Burbridge(1966): 146.
520
St: IfldtO'bfflj Terminal spikelet.
CHLORIDOIDEAE LEPTUREAE
IV. 18
521
* t O-HiGE-SHiBA[Jap.] Feather FiNGER-GRASs[Am.]
Chloris virgata Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 1:203(1797).------C. pubescens Lagasca(1805).----C.
elegans H. В. K.C1816).----C. alba J. S. Presl ex С. B. Presl(1830).--C. caudata Trin. ex
Bunge(1833).
«ЫЁЯШЬГ* ^Я^Яй-Ь^ТсЯ^Я^аТ, 1№>®$ 20-50cm, ЙЙВ
ЯЯ£< ©HA'Mt ИЛ-ЯД $ 6-25cm, Ш 4 - 7mm, Ф*ЖЯ^ о t 2 о$Гг 0 E ti. 5.
ffi-t, ft$5-7cm, TEW© 1 ЖМЧ©ФШНГ£Ий< d'jgttftj 3-3.5mm, 2
ФТЕ<Ь *)&»>, WS|-r?>A', _ЬЯ©ФТЕЯШ(-tt'hiM-m*
tt. amss 2-2.5mm, £-Wtt3-3.5mm, iUllft', ttt'bWW?
!ЙТ’Й<, ft^3mm, £112ft*’>M, 1-1.5с1П©Й?§&оей’<*ЬТШ, Ж^'ЗЖй'
W, Mattel, i < я*©±йя* oWxfciWW*. FW±Oi.k^<.
*©2ШЯР)<, 'J'Wt©WKtf, ^©Ш«ЯЯД$ 0.8-1.5an
Я 2n = 20, 26, 40.
(08) 8-10Я. (tfffi) ffSd > КЙ&Т-яи»<1ЕЖ$Тг7с^, < #^, ®
ЙШЙ74 Н*-С-Я1922^*!^Т:ШкйЛ^Й^1г7с©^,
(ISJ^Ofr?) ЖЯА£^Х-о<Ж«0-ЯГ?ЙЖ1./£1'. flHXLtf
сЯЖя^<га^б^ат^. Ф1ЙЯ#Н Шй©2ФТЕ^й:0, ^Н^7г©ФТЕ©Ж1й©^ яя
й*»2> D, 5t^© 2 й©1^>е>йй Lfc 1
Adventive annual growing in waste places. Culms erect, tufted, from ascending to creeping
bases, glabrous, with many radical leaves. Leaf-blades 6-25 cm X 4-7 mm, folded; sheaths
keeled on back, glabrous, smooth; ligules barely seen. Spikes 5-10 subdigitately arranged at
the tip of the culm, usually nearly erect, 5-7 cm long, with sessile spikelets in two rows on one
side of rachis. Spikelets 3-3.5 mm long, 2-flowered: the lower floret larger and fertile, the
upper sterile and smaller. The lower glume 2-2.5 mm; the upper 3-3.5 mm; both 1-nerved, with
an awn at apex. The lemma of fertile spikelet coriaceous, 3 mm long, bifid at apex, 3-nerved,
with a long, straight awn inserted between the apical teeth; and with long, tawny, marginal
hairs on the upper 2/3 of lemma. Palea a little shorter than lemma. The sterile floret reduced
to a cup-shaped lemma, with a long stalk of rachilla and a long awn 0.8-1.5 mm long at apex.
Chromosome number 2n = 20, 26,40.
DI STR. Described in W. Indies. Widespread in tropical to subtropical regions of the world.
Occasionally found in southern Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 236-237. Key to Chloris spp....
Bor(1960): 464-468. Koyama(1987): 279-280.
522
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE
» : ЙШШ® IX.28, IX. 4
523
7 7 9 # t р - Ху >>
Afurika-hige-shiba, Rozu-son[Jap.] Rhode’s GRASs[Eng.j
Chloris gayana Kunth, Rev. Gram. 1: 89(1829).-C. abyssinica Hochst. et A. Rich.(1851).—
C. glabrata Anderss.(1863).
0.8-1.5m,
L-ClAV/S. 2 7-20cm, Ш 3 - 5mm, ФМнс* t ft*. J: 0
3S<, ШМЕЮ*W-©1Я1С7-15^01't, K$6-10cm,
•o</t№t-felPjO'J'^A'2iS-lJfc^. Д2 3.5mm, £ < Я 3 '№>> G ts: 4, Tb'O'HEft
% -WS? 1-1.7вв, ^Г.'Й^Я2.5-Звш-С, + jWK©ft(±&l'£<hft5.
$--44e(#T'J'7E)f«&-C, 3mm, 2-5шшО|^г7хЬ, И'ХЮ
ШЙ< 2mm. 1mm fit*© &&•>«£,
i ££Шй(й F2), Г< ihtW.US. &-.Ф7Ш4 о <L <>
T^-C, -у 7-^ЖШО ^bfc^O^Wift^Gft*. 2n = 20, 30, 40.
C7EM0] 7-9Я. (Я=Й>) №77 i) А11Ш. Л Rhode’s grass л • p-
X Cecil Rhodes A'Wt? L"C, E L"t tH')V-i§-ffe(c.JA!7'fc с £ !cI B^tig p - X 7 7 i Г hie X 0,
Limo3>o5^e>h5. (isj^o*^-) Bt
tKUROiSS. 'Ж 3 4ЧЕ t £tc 4 Ф?ЁЙ>G ft 0, ^--^''ТЕоЖйЮ^Я^ < X J/"Zcv’. ЯЛ < ЙЯ
£<яй<, ййс:<исЗЖс, Жй-Г^ЗИШ’-Г.
Naturalized perennial with long leafy stolons; leaf-blades 7-20 cm x 3-5 mm, carinate,
ciliate at the mouth of sheaths; ligules low and barely seen, fringed with hairs. Spikelets
clustered at the tip of culm, 7-15 in number, 5-15 cm long, pale-tawny. Spikelets arranged in
two rows, 3.5 mm long, usually 3 to 4-flowered; lower glume 1-1.7 mm long, 1-nerved; upper
glume 2.5-3 mm long, short-awned at apex. First (lowest) floret bisexual and fertile, the
lemma 3 mm long, 3-nerved, with a straight awn at apex; palea as long as lemma; anthers 2
mm long. Second floret usually sterile, lacking palea; if provided with palea staminate or
rarely bisexual; uppermost floret quite rudimentary, reduced into a cup-shaped lemma.
Chromosome number 2n = 20, 30, 40.
DISTR. Native to Africa, widely introduced and cultivated for forage in warmer regions of
the world. In Japan it often escaped in waste places. REFER. Clayton(1986J: 236-237. Laza-
rides(1980); 157-158. Hitchcock(1971): 519-530. Murata(1969): 174. Bor(1960): 466-467.
524
2F: 2 'HE Upper 2 florets.
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE э
VI. 2
525
t 9 Л 7 'У И 'f SHIMA-HIGE-SHIBA, TAIWAN-O-HIGE-SHIBAlJapJ
Chloris barbata Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occid. 1:200(1797).----C. inflata Link(1821).----C. rufes-
cens Steud.(1854).---C. barbata var. formosana Honda(1926).--------C. formosana (Honda)
Keng(1957).
1 30-80cm, TSIUiMT. i 0,
Ж^И10-40сш, Ш 2 - 6mm, 0.5шт JUT,
t, *H*'HoOl№ft$4-7cm, 2ЯоФЙ^Й£Тб. МИД5 2.5штЙЯ-,
3 «НГ4ФТЕЛ^7£»), ST'J'VEti'^^-ci^tt, teod'TEixiig-fkLt^^Ht ZtS.
Cffilt®, Ш, 1.5-2ШШ, 2.3_2.6mm, Ф7Ей*« Lfc&к t t-TEtthicl
Ъ. Ь *) 5-6mm ©££&<>
7E©gBgtXT¥SI5a4R© 1 b tcffll< , X 1 ££ 4> t>, д
<Wffi-r. ft 9, Ж
Stift^lmmrt^. 2n=20.
[TEW 8-10Л. (Ж) Ф*1Ш'7->7М$ит П*Т?И=Й^^-^ШкоГй®й‘^5.
flimSMKtUo). (ISJ^W*^') 3 th
tc4 ТФйС'т^йЦф®. (>—h) №J8e ten c. barbata i C. formosana 4гЯ08i Lt
№ЙЬТ2>Тэйч
Annual adventive in waste places. Culms tufted, erect to decumbent, 30-80 cm tall; leaf-
blades linear, 10-40 cm X 2-6 mm; sheaths compressed, keeled on back, sparsely hairy at the
mouth; ligules low and barely seen, fringed with short hairs. Spikes clustered at the tip of
culm, 10-15 in number, 4-7 cm long, pale-tawny at anthesis, dark violet-brown at maturity,
Spikelets 2.5 mm long, 3 (4)-flowered, the lowest one bisexual and fertile, the upper two or
three sterile; each floret with a long awn. Glumes persistent, membranous-hyalin, lanceolate,
1-nerved; the lower 1.5-2 mm, the upper 2.3-2.6 mm. Lemmas of fertile florets inrolled clasping
the palea and upper florets, long-awned, bearded on upper margins and on callus. Upper
florets consist of lemmas only, and at maturity conspicuously enlarged and plump, tinged with
brownish-violet. Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Native to Tropical America, naturalized to tropical Asia, common in Taiwan,
Ryukyus, Bonin-etc. It was recorded from Mie Pref, in Honshu. REFER. Clayton(1986):236-
237. Lazarides(1980): 157-158. Hitchcock(1971): 519-530. Murata(1969): 174. Koyama(1987):
279, 497.
526
3F: 33florets.
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE з
O№h®ffiKW X.19, '1'ШШХ.15
527
^Fa^^F^x^4 GYOHGi-SHiBA[Jap.] Bermuda GRASs[Eng.]
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Synop. Pl. 1:85(1805).---------Panicum dactylon L.C1753).—
Digitaria dactylon (L.) Scop.(1772).-----Paspalum dactylon (L.) Lam.(1791).----------Dactylon
officinale Vill.(1787).--C. maritimus H. В. K.C1816).
ifiiLfc
15-40cm. 3-7cm, IS1.5-4
шш, О WttTEffaBiL
fc^OftKi3-7M 3-5cm, TfllJtctii2
Я^2-Зшт, ХФТЕй'йй*.
Й-С1Ж Д$&Ш£1.5тв J: O’2mm, Ф <h Я Ж±*Х£‘йо<. ОШ'ЬЛЙ i ИЯ £
Я iWiOUffiS, 2Ж feL^13M 1-1.5mm, ftlttfife. ФЙ1^Ё(1Я|РЖЙ< X.
'M|Ql/2rifrt;5. SfcfettH 2n = 30, 36, 40.
(7ЕЮ) 5 - 7Л. (Ж) Fl #£±.. £ ft i Л * d з - * ? < g
StfflUlbn,
©ft, < Й1'Жй'-¥гШ-ЬК12 Lfc % nt>\ 0
xo<_ tfc, / t ->^Жй‘й}Х, d<TrFIZco/c2'S^©^2>r ir J: o-ctio 0Я5>НйЬ.6о
i/X^n ? <t < Lt 5. ЖЙ
йк*мт<, ^й‘>1'®>(ва^)©жга^Л£охи^о^х
Mat-forming perennial in arableland, inhabited areas, seashore etc, with long creeping
runners. Flowering culms 15-40 cm tall; leaf-blades flat to infolded, 3-7 cmX 1.5-4 mm;
sheaths keeled, ciliate around the mouths; ligules low and barely seen, fimbriate with minute
hairs on margin. Spikes 3-6 clustered at the tip of the erect culm, with spikelets arranged in
two rows and appressed to rachis. Spikelets 2-3 mm long, 1-flowered, light-green to purple;
glumes 1-nerved, keeled on back, shorter than the floret; lemma 3-nerved, rounded on back,
soft-hairy on the mid-nerve and the basal portion of marginal nerves; palea as long as lemma.
Anthers 1-1.5 mm long. Stigmas white. Chromosome number 2n = 30, 36, 40.
DISTR. Japan (Very common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Wide-
spread in tropical to temperate regions of the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 243. Gould(1975):
316. Tuyama(1942b): 154.
528
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE
529
$ : Ш VI.13, VI.22
Oh-gyohgi-shiba [Jap.]
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. nipponicus Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 264(1941).
t, ft? 5m Vxb, ВШ$ 20-30сш tcft5. Ш©7ЕИ|4ХД2 5-10
cm, 'J'ftttfi£ 3~3.5тш.
M) ffi H 9 < 7’Й 1Ш=-Ж!Й-Я у Ж Л- £ £ < й‘‘, i £К.ФИ1Й’'
Mat-forming perennial far larger than var. dactylon-, main runners attaining to 5 m or more,
with internodes to 20-30 cm long; leaf-blades 6-20 cm long. Spikes 5-10 cm long; with 3-3.5
mm long spikelets. Anthers about 2 mm long.
DISTR. Endemic to western Japan, occurring along the seashore. REFER. Clayton(1986):
243. Koyama(1987): 281.
530
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE э <Л
s: #Л1&ает±®гЖвгг vni. 4
531
SHiRAMi-SHiBA[Jap.] Stalked burgrassLAdi.]
Tragus racemosus (L.) All., Fl. Pedemont. 2:241(1785).---Cenchrus racemosus L.C1753).—
Lappago racemosa (L.) Honck.(1792).-----Nazia racemosa (L.) Kuntze(1891).----T. muricatus
Moench.(1794).
l*Mi. 10-30cm, £
ft £ 1 - 5cm, ffi 2 - 4шт, Й¥<,
жжржте/яхйsibn, is5-8mm, йиг<®<, изш-з-бФт^Еп.
4mm ±^O4>Oit 3 4 Otiiigft L-tO®
d'Wi РКЕй'6/ХЬ, SimiKS, »'J\ Zift.ttW^-Cft;S 0.8mm,
1*ЯЖ<, Ж®-СЙ$ 3.2-4.4mm, 7Ж^(>Ъ, 'ййЧТ±. #|JO^1X L if СНЙ®1СЙй>5.
» gwtifflt' 1ШЬ. Й1ЛИЗЙ, ^tiftS 0.5шш, Ф
OHift < Й6. SftfeW 2п = 40.
(ОН) 6-10Я. (Ж) =--7>7*IW£-£V'bh., ft*, 1 7 У Ш&к
ИЙ-з-р„<
4 fc, «О-х I) £Ж|к t tf Ь ti 2 - 3 »й‘ Ь ft о t «г Д-. El L t X
It* T. berteronianus Schult. Ofi 5 7/.&-O 5 Zc J: 5 T?, <l'Moft£bt2-3
mm, b, (y-h) Zoysia AfX*li^£7
-c^xls^, m—&&й'иьь<м
Й. fc/c L,>''Bo7Eitt4i4:K-tH', 'НШЙ1£±|ЙК.'О < .
Adventive annual found in inhabited areas, especially near sea-port. Culms ascending or
prostrate, 10-30 cm tall. Leaf-blades 1-5 cm X 2-4 mm, loosely ciliate with stiff, 2 to 3-celled
hairs on margins. Panicle very dense, spike-like, 3-6 cm long, 5-8 mm wide, hardly exserted
the uppermost leaf-sheath; with many short branches bearing 3-5 spikelets. Spikelets 3-4.5
mm long, 1-flowered; the lower glume minute and membranous; the upper hard and cori-
aceous, as long as spikelet, 7-nerved, stiffly spiny on the nerve; spines often crooked at apices.
Lemma membranous, slightly shorter than the upper glume, faintly 1-nerved. Upper florets
usually sterile. At maturity branches with spikelets free from the rachis in a cluster, and
dispersed adhering to animals. Chromosome number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Native to Eurasian Continent. Widely naturalized in the world. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 253. Gould (1975): 370-371. Edit. Tutin(1980): 260.
532
НА: Hairs on leaf margin.
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE t<r
S: SMRdtAfflrli XI. 3
533
iss? SniBAtJap.] Japanese lawn grass [Am.]
Zoysia japonica Steud., Synops. Pl. Gram.: 414(1854).-Z. pungens Willd. var. japonica
(Steud.) Hack.(1899).-Z. matrella (L.) Merill var. japonica (Steud.) Sasaki(1928).-Z.
koreana Mez.(1921).
"t. £ 5-15cm, ЗУтДг 3-10cm, (®2-5(-6)min-C¥b, Ж??UtC < , ЖЙР
tift c? 3 * 5cm, Фй 2.э-2.8шт. c? ЗпипЛ^-, 1.2-1.5mm,
2-3f&tc7x0, 1'KEJ: 9
5Ж,
^®<ТЙ5-Г<, Ш, 1.5mm Bi'. &fe#H2n=40.
(7ЕЯЯ15-6Л. ФВКИ>£*. ^т’ЖЙИЛВ*.
N. L. Bor(1960, 73) <0 ft'/u-r, Л v F, z< + л 9 v n 4 4 Й- J Г&6ШИЯ, •>'<, =
? 7 Л r> > '/ ') >z<) Z. matrella(L.)Merr. A6.
A. .
B. li 2 - 4шш, ТЕЙЧХфй 3.5~5mm, 3mm, Фй Irani IU J'.....................
В. >)&< tiimWcfcSh, ШКЗийТ, ...
A. < . 4> 7Effti±aE2ffli
git? ФМЬшИ.........
±©M£oъ 4>n 15 ott, 5 *oXi'
Ъ к<Ы)'£!&5 ЙЧ1-? £ >) L11' 5 4 ©t±tri'Zp ЫЧ «Oft: i,®. 5 . i£is = >> > =•. у уУ
hi. П * t? tiifcJjc tAbhi.
Perennial making large mat in sunny field or cultivated as lawn, with long creeping
rhizomes. Culms 5-15 cm tall. Leaf-blades 3-10 cmX2-5(-6) mm. flat, with no ligule, long-
hairy at the mouths of sheaths. Raceme long exserted the uppermost leaf-sheath, 3-5 cm X 2.5-
2.8 mm. Spikelets obliquely ovate, about 3 mm long, 2-3 times of the breadth, 1-flowered,
consisted of the upper glume and lemma, and destitute of lower glume and palea. Upper
glume coriaceous, smooth and glossy, keeled on back, with 5 faint, barely seen nerves; lemma
papery, slightly shorter than glume, 1-nerved and sharply keeled. Anthers 1.5 mm long.
Chromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, China.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 253. Bor(1960, 73): 684.
534
AP: Ж$1<О)ЬййЖ Apex of lemma.
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE
X15
ft : V. 5
535
KoHRAi-SHiBA[Jap.] Mascarene grass [Am.]
Zoysia tenuifolia Willd. ex Trin., Mem. Acad. Sci. Petersb. ser. 6, 4:96(1836).--Z. pungem
Willd. var. tenuifolia (Willd. ex Trin.) Durand et Schinz.(1894).---Z. matrella (L.) Merill
var. tenuifolia (Willd. ex Trin.) Sasaki(1928).
cm, ЗО'И&З 2-8ctn, <h&?>. Й
1 - Зет, ld'7EA‘b*5, о 2> 5t
Й^ЗттЙ^-, ffio.7-lmm, * $ 3 - 4 В. 2n = 40.
(7ЕЭД1 5-7 Л. Ml ФИ±1^Ж®, Л -у К, 77 ил, 7/
') Л У П*©4>О1
(1^0)*'?) Slk-t
.......otJKAt2>. £©SiiX2 -5(-6)ш,
ФШ>1ЬйЛ, 4'Й©Д?ИЙ© 2-ЗВ.
= ...4>
^64-('i5. COt» = <>74 3 у 9 У -
л», 7Е1Г«20{&Шо'ЬШ'Ь&>), 9ИЬМсЖ, Фй
ОД$>Ш<0 3 - 4 В.
Perennial making large mat in subtropical regions and widely cultivated as lawn in Japan,
stoloniferous, and if rhizomatous the rhizomes running close to the surface of ground.
Distinguishable from Z. japonica by the narrower leaf-blades only 1 mm or so in width,
shorter and narrower racemes with loose spikelets 20 or so in number, and the length of
spikelet 3-4 times of the breadth. Chromosome number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Japan (s. Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan, s. China, Indonesia, India. Widely cultivated
in southern Japan. REFER. Key to Zoysia spp. ... Ohwi(.1965J: 178. Koyamat 1987): 287.
536
АР: ИНЙФ4ЬЙ5пВ Apex of lemma. T': Dried plant,
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE
8: V. 5
537
st — Г* NAGAMINO-ONISHIBA[Jap.]
Zoysia sinica Hance var. nipponica Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 269(1941).
BS10-20cm, ft$3-8cm, fg 1 - 3mm,
Ъ. ОЖШД S 3 - 5cm, Ш4-7шш, ШЙ < , taittH Lt V*. Ф»ХЙ$5-8
mm, i® 1-1.3mm, ЙЖ,
CShifWc^, imPK ФЖ>©**>М^< ОЙВ1^ЕД©ЖЙ'*6.
Ш£4тш, 3£ИЮ, -tiitc-tot 2-offf h ifth, ^©fttnsL/ui'^
ttsctttib. |Ш4<, Xo-L^iX3< 1.5-2mm.
(7EJWJ 6-8Я. (Я-ft) *)11(МЖЦЭ), fflffl, Attl. ФН^1КЛ'5. * 4
(1^$©*'^) Вй'!ЯЬй'Й:ЙК1-,Х«и:в5©»
bbfMtf 11' ЪM 4 hZ * ~ >'' t <n X t'lOJ Ж t tsЪ. (7
-b) var. sinica (ifflTM-UiW, » фИЖЙЙГЗНр L, 2 4-5m
t^^LLfcih, tt>t / -4^ -У'^ЬЯ-Ц-ЫгЪ. Ш#К=№Н J-.iE
(1941)©фТ' => * - >'* L^-rrfMf®/’ 77^© n «> •> л. •/ ->z< z. matrella (L.) Merr. <!:©ISftL^X,
5 1 < ftlfc 4> ©t, %©^^tirt <> £ h -ЙТ-Г, h (n V у * у
£ 4шш ЦТ, => T= >^'1Х 4 - 5шш, t *’ ; / t)' - 5 - SmmltfT < fiZHifcl' <haCT. 4 t-, Till
0STii= t> -> =• v < Kl-HITL L £ 7 ->''<сйчЧ © <t Lt, у у
->''©>SL LtV'fc. Ж№© Zoysia (-t£rO>Li4©©<t 5 t, ДШ4©^й;^>6 5.
Creeping perennial growing on sandy soil along the seashore. Culms usually solitary per
node, erect from creeping rhizomes, slender but stiff, 10-20 cm tall. Leaf-blades flat or
inrolled, 3-8 cm X1 -3 mm, pungent at apices; bearded at the mouth of sheath; ligule a series
of minute hairs. Raceme terminal, 3-5 cm long, 4-7 mm wide, usually exserted the uppermost
leaf-sheath. Spikelets 5-8 mm long, 1-1.3 mm wide, 1-flowered; lower glume reduced and
absent; the upper as long as spikelet, coriaceous, lustrous, strongly inrolled, compressed with
rather rounded back, with several faint nerves. Lemma ca. 4 mm long, hyalin, carinate;
midnerve strong, percurrent. Palea absent; stamens 3; anthers 1.5-2 mm.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; southward from Kanto District, Shikoku, Kyushu), s. Korea,
China. NOTE Var. sinica, occurring from Tanegashima island in southern Kyushu to south-
eastern China, differs in smaller spikelets usually under 4 mm long. REFER. Clayton(1986):
253. Ohwi(1941): 267-270. Honda(1926) Journ. Jap. Bot. 3:106-108.
538
AP: Apex of leaf-blade. Al’’: S^5S<O4t Apex of lemma.
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE
К: VI. 15
539
>}* — ONi-SHiBALJap.]
Zoysia macrostachya Franch. et Savat., Enum. Pl. Japon. 2:187(1876) & 2: 608(1879).
< jglift < .
/j'biKSLfc^^fiJ>Jr.HSt?>. ШЙ$15-40ст, £ < &W&. BS-Hft $ 3 - 8cm, Ш2-5га,
ft 0, £ЪЬ£ЙЛ'. Ф«Ш1о £ O-tirf,
ЖФ <>ft^©?IJift6. TE#Hft$ 3 - 4cm, *й5-7тт, Ш'Ж'ПИ
ftdftofc’bO'C, #tXUl$fti'. 'HfiHft$ 6-8»в,
I®2-4mm, l<h/E*»ibftO, 0, ФМ-tHft. Ш<.
< ь i) ffttPK, ±^ftWnsinuft о, swift
S4mmHi*, Ш, Ю-С, J»MllMiUffiM?WB'S. Pi^Hft < , L-<ll 3 ®, Wft
^2.2шш»г. ft $ 8mm © 2 4> Ъ, ЙЙПЙЁ, ^^tift$2mm^. ^feftil
2n=40.
(7ЕЯЯ 6 8Я. (Ж) «ЖСй’ЙНЮ, *!>n, Е9И, ЛЛ1, moiW. w
7ЙЙЙад^Л1^Й^ЙТП. (|й)£Л*'Г) ftSfbni ffi
t ft - -y Hi ; -t- ул J: i\ &±Ж®^¥Йй'Ь±¥-пВ^И’й^ё’ЖЬ/с
*=>''№£*. (У-Ы МйоШЧ, Fl*r*Zc7-7-/яоЖЕ P.
Savatier ifc, A. Franchet t^l^X'^^LfcM^, V'
$ US fc-£>o 5 6 7/, iS^O^ft £•?£: о t HZx 6 ts. It> t ofc* <h S b.
Creeping perennial growing on sandy-soil along the seashore. Culms tufted, erect on nodes
of creepdng rhizomes, 15-40 cm tall; leaf-blades 3-8 cm X 2-5 mm, inrolled when dry, spiny at
apex; midnerve obscure; densely pilose at the mouth of sheath; ligule a fringe of long hairs.
Racemes dense, spike-like, 3-4 cm long, 5-7 mm wide; the lower half enclosed by the upper-
most leaf-sheath. Spikelets 6-8 mm long, 2-4 mm wide, 1-flowered; lower glume absent; upper
glume coriaceous, lustrous, 6-8 mm long, strongly inrolled, compressed with rather roundish
back, with several faint nerves; lemma about 4 mm long, membranous-hyalin, carinate,
fringed at apex; palea none; anthers 2.2 mm, yellow; pistils with two long styles. Chromosome
number 2n=40.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku. Kyushu. Ryukyus). s. Korea.
REFER. Clayton(l986): 253. Key to Zojwa spp. ... Koyama(1987): 287.
540
АР: Apex of leaf-blade. AP': eOioftSS Apex of lemma.
CHLORIDOIDEAE CYNODONTEAE
Xll
S:«8ftSS«W VIII.20, VI. 7
541
Ke-CHIZIMIZASA, ClIIZIMIZASA[Jap.J
Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. et Schult., Syst. Veg. 11:482(1817).------------Panicum
undulatifolium Ard.(1764).-----O. hirlellus (L.) Beauv. subsp. undulatifolius (Ard.) U. Scholz
(1981).----O. tsushimensis Honda(1924).---------O. hirlellus subsp. tsushimensis (Honda) U.
Scholz (1981).
gii®$ 10-ЗОс.п, ЖЖ Ж ft$3-7em, *gl-
1.5cm, Ш
Ж.*, a$6-12cm, ± ЖГ 15mm left 0 , K-£ fC 1 ~M(# < t 8 ®)
3mm, r<
1/2, 9, ЗЖ, td'MJ;
0 2/3, hffi<, 5 - 7Ж^% t>, Юг
ЬЪ. 0, 0('iFWiilli^o-сйЯой^
^Й<. ^O^fc/Сб
.Ж^©®Г/р&?т 5. '&fe£M± 2n=54.
(Ш8-10Я, (Я-*) «Ж, 1ВД, ЛМ, №Ф1®йЖй^Ф*7->7,
7 VMW'f * 9 7. [|й]£сэ*'£-] < КНоЖ £<€&©
Mt'3*o^. ТЕШ^/к-ГййШ-и O-b) U.Scholz
(1981)№^№7x$>KV.'.,t, тм~ф®77 У O.hirtel-
lus OiHiat-ГбйМ^Ш LTV'6.
Annual common in shady place under the forests. Main culms creeping and rooting at
nodes; their flowering branches 10-30 cm tall; leaf-blades lanceolate with oblique bases, 3-7
cm X 1-1.5 cm, strongly undulate, pilose and pubescent on both surfaces and on sheath. Panicle
erect, 6-12 cm long, with short branches 0-1.5 cm long and often raceme-like. Spikelets 3 mm
long, green, 2-flowered; the glumes shorter than spikelet and with long awns at apices; lower
(sterile) lemma as long as spikelet, 5 to 7-nerved, with bifid apex and a short awn; lemma of
second (fertile) floret glabrous, coriaceous, whose margins embracing the palea. At maturity
all awns covered with viscous liquid. Distinguishable from the next variety by the more
densely hairy plants, especially by the densely pilose rachis of panicle. Chromosome number
2n=54.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread
between mediterranean regions and Far East. NOTE 0. tsushimensis is only an abnormal form
occasionally found among ordinary forms of O. undulatifolius. REFER. U. Scholz(1981): 145-
155. Clayton(1986): 27.
542
AW: SB A part of awn, covered with viscous liquid.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE *£$$4*13®
S: X.24
543
(® Tj)
Ko-CHIZIMIZASA, CHIZIMIZASAtJap.]
Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. et Schult, var. japonicus (Steud.) Koidz., Bot. Mag.
Tokyo 39:302(1925).-----Panicum japonicum Steud.(1846).-------0. japonicus (Steud.) Honda
(1924).---0. hirtellus (L.) Beauv. subsp. japonicus (Steud.) U. Scholz(1981).
OtcftL, ft s
!Г*';ЙФ., t’₽ - 1*0 J: 5 2n=54.
[TEW 8-10Л. Ml «й, *)H, ВД, ФЖМ. *
yi 9, ^atl±© 10-C-tifcV'.
Annual common in shady-place under the forests. Less hairy than the typical phase; culms
usually glabrous; leaf-blades densely tomentose but not pilose with erect, longer, hairs;
especially distinguishable by the nearly glabrous rachis of panicle. Chromosome number 2n=
54.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China. REFER. U.
Scholz(1981): 133-136. Clayton(1986):271.
& л* ([21 Tm) Снлво-cHiziMiZASAtJap.J
Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. et Schult, var. microphyllus (Honda) Ohwi, Bot.
Mag. Tokyo 55:546(1941).-----0. microphyllus Honda(1929).---0. hirlellus subsp. micro-
phyllus (Honda) U. Scholz(1981).----------------------------0. minor Merrill(1904).
(£|1Ю#ф^Й11с4 1 ФЖ. -v'-y-j: @ Xf о <
Shifts l-3cm, 7EJT(W£A£&£W-r, Шоййг iS-C'M
TEff©<t 5
(TEW) 8-10Я. (Ж) U. Scholz ЙШ1Л0Ш&Ж TW^iOllJ, WUJiRWUDo
«й», v л У
Annual occasionally in mountainous shady forest. Distinguishable from var. japonicus by
the less hairy habit and far smaller size. Leaf-blades 1-3 cm long; panicles not branched and
spike-like, bearing 1 -2(3) spikelets per node of glabrous rachis.
DISTR. Japan, Taiwan, Luzon. Borneo. REFER. Scholz(1981): 137-138.
544
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE 4rtf®44rt'3l
ft: Tj; к. 14, Tm ; vm.
545
Edauchi-chizimizasa [Jap.]
Oplismenus compositus (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 54 (1812).------Panicum composilum L.
(1753).
В Ф Фк A 6 -С, tift < W-t Ж® £ tt i' К Ъ t If E> к
20-30cm iZcd. Г 77 i £#r=gZiW£<, t^KIt
$*1Ю, ИТ. ft $ 310cm, ffil-2cm, Г 7 i 77 X i) & < , М-=Ё4Л:ЯФ
•Ф<-=Ё. hum JUT,
^#©T«^cftnf6fc^at£a. ТСй^гЛй, ю-20ст,
Ж^, &ffft<, 6-lOToi't, mJ-^l°]£, TJjct©tift?2-5(-8)cm, WliW
Й^оИ", ФЙ©^Ш®~2(МШ1£Х&;5. ФЙЙШ <7, ftS 3-3.5™,
2Ф7ЕХ btj.'i-c, IW4EUT^-t«©^til(L ^-T7EiWtt(fe^T6tt®)z»^0,
^©£б^й£ iAK$riTtfc|*)ggX 0 t£Z>Zhts±‘'r77 i PhStr^T?t<'©t>«
m*Wm<!:ft6e^lr|-3Tib6. фТхЬЪ, Sg,
t', ^-ЙЙОЮйЦоКДИ. Sftfeftli 2n = 72.
(JEW 10Я. (Я-fi) »tft, AJ+Kft^Jft, WXtm. W, Ш
7 7 ~r—^KjA’JpTd. 9 4 7’Жй<-Х-Ь 4 Й •/. [|a)£(DZr Г) 7 7=^' i -^7 к ©®1'й,
7Е/?©КйШ<, ?Е#©+Ш-Л£<>< ТШШ£А^'йЛ'С
^Т©{(Ё£#й'^±£ < , fc^zL, 7хй>
(с1Х7ё/У';©Фй(’^Зз©45 t &<><, i L< h ~y 77 i Tr-7 var. intermedins Ohwi i X ti'A
Ъ. ^^TtLll|-C(XE«>trtl®5h.fct©-C, H 7 77 7" i 7^ 9$6Ztt'.
An annual growing under evergreen forests near the sea. Distinguished from 0. un-
dulatifolius by the panicles with longer, distinct branches 2-5(8) cm in length. Even the
poorest panicle never raceme-like as shown in the figure. In general the plants are larger and
less hairy, often nearly glabrous except around the nodes of rachis; leaf-blades 3-10 cm long,
1-2 cm wide, flat and less undulate; spikelets 3-3.5 mm long, nearly glabrous. Chromosome
number 2n = 72.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Isis. Izu, western to southern Kyushu), widespread in south-
eastern Asia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 253. U. Scholz(1981): 85-100. Key to Oplismenus spp. ...
Ohwi(1965); 185. Koyama(1987): 352. Webster(1987): 114-115.
546
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
Ohba-chizimizasa [Jap.]
Oplismenus compositus CL.) Beauv. var. patens (Honda) Ohwi, Fl. Jap.: 149(1953).--0.
patens Honda(1924).
f i $ b £ < , Й5 10-13™, fa 2 - Зсш К t ft 0, .£>o Ж
(7ЕЯЙ) 11-12Я. ЖЛЙ, 1МШ, &&. (/-Ю U.Scholz
(1981) <ft, 0. compositus var. sylvaticus, var.
rariflorus, var. compositus © 3 0. owatarii № 0. patens li^ft var.
compositus ©Д4зКС#[£ LtI'd. fe't (> < i ) X)' var.compositus t?, ^7'7^-
+ ? i У У ft h ВДШ L ft i Л d Za, 4 ft ftC t © i L t # H- ft l' © й» J: l > © T?i> 6 5
Й», CC4?tX*^.tn*j^©S^^-t?>il'5®9h-C, ft&©2 iftL,tfet'ft. Scholz © “Mono-
graphic der Gattung Oplismenus”(1981) p. 89 ftfi Panicum compositus L. var. compositus © 7 4 7‘$i
Mj-W p хЙ®ОШ©йй^?>й‘, ^EJ©eZ>'-tCL^d-fi<, ^©M-d'ft©l^©:fc©^'$tt©
£©WfeiJ: < bd’bftt'.
In Japan 0. compositus is used to be divided into two varieties. The northern form occurring
in Kyushu and Isles Izu is smaller in general size, and the lemma of fertile floret is destitute
of awn at apex. The southern form occurring in Isles Amami to Ryukyus is distinctly larger
with leaves 1.5-3 cm wide, and the lemma of fertile floret mucronately short-awned. The
presence or absence of this short awn has been thought to be the main characteristic to divide
them. U. Scholz(1981) listed 0. compositus (L.) Beauv. var. patens (Honda) Ohwi among the
15 synonyms of var. compositus, without touching the presence or absence of the short,
straight awn at the tip of fertile (upper) lemma. To make the Japanese race more clear, it
may be necessary to examine much more specimens abroad including the type specimen from
Ceylon.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 271. Scholz(1981): 85-100. Webster(1987): 112-113.
548
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +
S :ХП.28, П.10
549
я * t" NuKA-KiBi[Jap.]
Panicum bisulcatum Thunb., Nov. Acta Soc. Sci. Upsala 7:141(1815).---------------P. acroanthum
Steud.(1854).----P. melananthum F. Muell.(1855).
ffiLtJfegfctiV'SbO, UfUf^< ©gm*. ft?5-30an. Фй 5-12шш, fc-=g,
1 *) & < , Д^О.бшш, 'х >)
Ы'-с, 15-зосш, »<-сж
fttiUfUfTB £< ©ФШ*>г' < W6KLO<. /МШШ'1Й!&'£^ХТЙ£1сШг,
Д5 1.8-2вв, Я~'4'Ж© 1/3-1/2Д,
а^-СФЗГ^йС. ЯСШЙФ5№к^4>ъ, ®B-r<, 'NSiRft. ^-ФТССТЛ-ФОФШЬЬ-С
Rttti
ИЙ^оТ^ЙОр'Э^Й^. ft 2 1.5-1.8mm, Ж1Ф i Ut^fe i Z£ 6. %~
M©Otli»5bt, &&Ш2п=36, 54.
(M 7-10Л. (^1 ftiO, *ffl, ив, Ш SI.», ФЯ, ?*!)-, 4v
F-^±, 4-/K, t-xf7l)7. 9 Л H4s. (Я^соЪ'ЗО A^Zc^©^
(>— 11 P. acroanthum Steud. ©^ Л El^"C, ай® Ф> ? A + £
К. <£ *\ 'и' ) .
Glabrous annual growing on wet soil in lowland. Basal part of culms long and prostrate,
sometimes much branched; leaf-blades linear, flat, 5-30 cm X 5-12 mm; ligules 0.5 mm tall,
with minute fimbriate teeth on margin. Panicle ovate in outline, 15-30 cm long; branches
slender and smooth, divergent, often nodding toward apices, bearing loose spikelets. Spikelets
pendulous with short pedicels, 1.8-2 mm long, dark green, often tinged with dark violet; lower
glume triangular, 1/3-1/2 as long as spikelet; upper glume and lemma of the first floret
(sterile), 5-nerved, as long as spikelet; second floret bisexual; the lemma coriaceous, with
obscure nerves, light-green and shining, turning dark-brown when ripe. Chromosome number
2n=36, 54.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, China,
Ussurie, Indochina, India, Australia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 272-274. Webster(1987): 122-123.
550
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
IX.22
551
Он-KUSA-KiBitJap.] Fall panicum [Eng.]
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx., Fl. Bor. Amer. 1:48(1803).-P. retrofraclum Delile ex
Desveaux(1831).---P. amplectens Chapm.(1878).
й 40-100cm,
40cm, Ш 8-15mm, t t (Ul&fe&W, 5-10mm, -0^1
12-25cm, Шй, REt#® 1 - 2
rcj&jittir.-b, ft?2.5mm,
Ш'ЬЙНШ, 1/5-1/4, ^_'.Wt^-'J'7E(TO©^
»1»|Н)ЛЧ?Й г)-Г< , 'hffiUlslft, 5-7IF^4^. 1.7-2™,
tMT-rs. &feW2n=54.
(7ЕЯЯ) 8-юл. (Я-ад-ЛЖЖЙ-с, 1£#©®^~1ОГ1£<'Ш, га*-еа1927^ЖЖ-с^<5й>й,
17xoTi'6. » Л /Опт > у = -s -^#|т va --ЙК.
(|ё)^®*'Г) J: < л + E'tWS,
x* + t'....ШЖ. ЙЙВ-OS 4mm ЫЙ, < W,
Ф^йодгя 1.8-2™, Ж
1/3-1/2-С, &1*£ййнт
S-SR«6-10mrn Г7x0, Et 5 c t EtfcK ^g-Q±igii
g^-f,
0^c5)..................................................2.5тш, ^-^Й<ОД2Hd<©l/5-l/4 f,
Glabrous annual growing in waste ground or roadside. Culms tufted, ascending to erect, 40-
100 cm tall; leaf-blades linear, flat, 20-40 cm X8-15 mm; sheaths smooth, 5-10 mm in diam.;
ligules very low and short fimbriate on margins. Panicle ovate in outline, 12-25 cm long;
branches erect-patent, bearing spikelets only on upper halves. Spikelets appressed to branch
or branchlet, not pendulous, 2.5 mm long, usually light-green; lower glume 1/5-1/4 as long as
spikelet, nearly truncate to obtuse at apex, the upper and the lemma of the first floret as long
as the spikelet, 5 to 7-nerved; second floret bisexual; the lemma coriaceous, with obscure
nerves, light-green and shining, turning dark-brown when ripe. Chromosome number 2n=54.
DISTR. Native to N. America. Introduced to Japan in 1927 and now common in all over
Japan. REFER. Key to Panicum. spp. ... Ohwi(,1965): 182. Koyama(1987): 300. Gould(1975):
433-477.
552
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE ttWtfl
Й: Wffi IX. 6
553
NlKOGE-NUKA-KIBl[Jap.]
Panicum lanuginosum Ell., Bot. S. C. & Ga. 1:123(1816).---------Dichanlhelium lanuginosum
(Ell.) Gould (1974).----P. huachucae Ashe (1882).-----P. villosissimum Nash (1896).-----P.
tennesseense Ashe (1898).
1^. 30-70cm.
ЗИ-1ХД$4-10сш, ШЗ-Юшш,
№ 6tr.
^Х1&0Й^©Я£7х6. fi£3-8cm, < MtH
iti'bMmo'J'iSSfc’Oit*. fi$1.6-2mm, гLЙ'
t *)'*//>£ t>, Й31ХФЙО1/5й
t*. 6-7TO9tW®t^>< 6*, Ж~-4Ч6РЕ?г:)оОМ-
spb-C-M bt7xi'. W?gl£<, №
•) gHm'Sfet 7x •), W!12n=
18.
C7EMB) 7-9Л. (3>=Й5) )ЬЖЖЙ. 1940^W^mM£«<'^<5^n, 4ЬгО^Ж»Й
И7®Ш7то^-->7Ж (|SJ£<7)Z>'£) 'j'8U< ЙТ,
С, ^-201076, &iux®r-£r&£W<₽'-e-7 <b£(/-h) Й
5Ё0й‘£*<сЗй LA: J: 5 ТхЛ^Й^- i'O Panicum Ji, F. H. Gould tiiHG178
t*t>< Dichanthelium tf^r^ Lfc. ^Й§[йИЕо§1.Й;й' Panicum Ofii/v t'(X C,
Dichanthelium ti-r-it: C, ®t?^> <), r h-RUfo Et 41л >, £ fc&fiiW 2 Ш, 2n=18t*
6ti'5. <£ <Щ:4ой’>£<, ^0^11Г!ХЯ^йь*о<И7хИ^ггг-Гй>Ы\
Hairy annual occasionally found in mountainous meadows. Culms erect, 30-70 cm tall,
much branched toward autumn. Leaves linear-lanceolate, 4-10 cmX3~10 mm, densely villose
on both surfaces; sheaths covered with long retrorse hairs; ligules a series of rather long hairs.
Panicle ovate in outline, 3-8 cm long; branches 1-5 per node, patent, flexuous; spikelets loose,
obovate, rounded at apices, 1.6*2 mm long usually tinged with dark purple; lower glume
surrounding the base of spikelet, with 3-5 obtuse teeth on the upper margin, about 1/5 as long
as spikelet; the upper glume of the same length of spikelet, 6 to 7-nerved, convex, pubescent
and rugose with minute tubercles on back; sterile lemma similar to the upper glume, but flat
and not convex; lemma of the second floret (fertile) coriaceous, lustrous, embracing the palea
by its margin, turns whitish when matured. Chromosome number 2n-18.
DI STR. Native to N. America; occasionally found in Hokkaido and northern half of
Honshu. REFER. Clayton(1986): 272. Gould (1975): 477, 487-498. Gould(1983): 228-230.
554
НЛ: Hair of plant.
H ai-kibi [Jap.] Torpedo-grass [Eng.]
Panicum repens L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2,: 87(1762).-P. ischaemoides Retz.(1786).--P. arenarium
Brot.(1804).---P. leiogonum Delile(1812).----P. convolutum Beauv. ex Spreng.(1825).
WttiSS 40-100cm, jt*LTOt mm, ЙШ&,
§ 8-20cm, Ш 5 - 8mm, fc'kHUg, Ж
$tii«$o.3mm, Jr>ci?ljo®-=gz>'4i£6. 15-25cm, ЙЙ, .E^ic
й<й\ ^$‘boi'T, ФЖХД£Ш£2.5пи,
Ж'№,
1/5-1/4. ^Х^(ШЯТШ*7М^4>Ъ, 'HUlWft.
Ж-3/4 ft, Ж1-ХТВЧ, Жй, X
«1ЙЯ<'-Й^-5Т|В|ЯОЙ11^Й< . 2n = 54.
СОВ9-10Я. (5НЙ ИЯЖЖ ЛЯ1ЖЖ « ^4/1»
1ЙЖ©йяЖ Ш^ЖТЙ’ФШ^.
izx, sm-тся-^-г, т^<т, тлчо^#©й:1^ля-«©ж¥й*’.«^. s^-w:
ФШ© 1/5-1/4 ftT, Ш, 'HSoSSBfct 0«< 0^т^Т1гН|а)Й«Й^^7£б.
Perennial growing on wet sandy soil near the sea. Rhizomes ven' long, often attaining 5 m
or more, here and there thickened into moniliform tubers. Culms scattered, erect, 40-100 cm
tall, light-green, smooth, with 3-4 scaly leaves near the base. Upper leaf-blades linear, 8-20
cm x 5-8 mm, sparsely haired on upper surfaces, sheaths shorter than blade, ciliate on
margins; ligules very low and fimbriate on upper margins. Panicle erect, 15-25 cm long;
branches usually 2 per node, erect, only at anthesis erect patent, bearing loose spikelets on the
upper half of branchlet. Spikelets oblong-lanceolate, 2.5 mm long, smooth, light-green, some-
times tinged with purple; lower glume encircling the base of spikelet, 1/5-1/4 as long as the
spikelet, truncate to obtuse at apex; upper glume and lemma of first floret (sterile) similar in
size and shape, both as long as spikelet; second floret fertile; the lemma coriaceous, smooth
and whitish, embracing the palea by its incurved margins. Chromosome number 2n=54,
DISTR. Japan (Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widely distributed in tropical to warm-tem-
perate regions of the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 272. Lazarides(1987): 140.
556
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
SL'gera xi. 10
557
HANA-KUSA-KiBil Jap.] Witchgrass [Eng.]
Panicum capillare L., Sp. Pl.: 58(1753).-Milium capillare (L.) Moench(1794).----Chasea
capillaris (L.) Nieuwl.(1911).-Leptoloma capillaris (L.) Smith(1913).--P. bobartii Lam.
(1798).-—P. capillare var. occidentale Rydb.(1895).
20-60cm. 6-20cm, Ж 5-L5mm, *FE>-C, £ < t 4>ЯНЙМ
< {E< , 1 й» @ Zco.
t<, ЖА© 1/3-1/2 Z£ b, Ж ФЙ
lifi? 2.2-2.7nun, ^~й»ХЖ£йЧ^©2/5-1/2, ЗЖ£4>Ъ, ШВ'=
sm'Mgo^asfc £ б-7®к^4>ъ, ж
-'ЫЕ(Т&)О^тй*>, Ж-'ЬШШ9,
filWPW-C, »1^й, 9, р|д^Ш1^сй^о<йКо|*]^
ГЙТ-Г£. 3fcfetm2n=18.
(ТЕМЯ) 7-8 Л. М) «ВШ. l3*TrfW55^W<^<5^K Ъ hi 5 oMiStffeZti'X'
М7О117/ !1Л©7-5>-7!И|. (|в)£<7)й'£')
< Е>«г^«- = Уял + ь-^?>^, ^2@©HTEt±fc<, £^6O-C^i'-&5Ht6h.
6. (7-Ь) «ОЙ^01^1£А6.ЫЕ1Ш4>о £ХЖ ИЖ LZcKfC^^O/ha^olttV'
Ъ. OBf-Afci, £ф5>$&£й:Ь, Ь'ЬФБ tumble weed
M'5. -у ^T'7X(^^)o^iicoft!Sfcis.
An adventive annual rarely found in waste ground or roadside. Culms tufted, erect to
ascending, 20-60 cm tall; leaf-blades linear-lanceolate, 6-20 cm x 5-15 mm, villose with
mamilla-based hairs on both surfaces; sheaths also villose with erect-patent long hairs; ligules
reduced into a series of erect hairs. Panicle large, attaining 1/3-1/2 length of the whole plant,
bearing many spikelets. Spikelets 2.2-2.7 mm long, lanceolate with attenuate apices; lower
glume attenuate at apex, encircling the spikelet by the base; upper glume chartaceous, ovate,
6 to 7-nerved, as long as the spikelet; lemma of first floret (sterile) similar to the upper glume
but narrower; lemma of second floret (fertile) oblong, coriaceous, smooth, faintly 5-nerved,
embracing the palea by its incurved margin. Chromosome number 2n=18.
DISTR. Native to N. America. Occasionally adventive in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 272.
Lazarides(1987): 125. Gould(1975): 445-446.
558
НА: Hair of plant body.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
559
KiBi[Jap.] Broom-corn millet [Eng.]
Panicum miliaceum L., Sp. Pl.: 58(1753).
ШАЬХЙгИпЙ!), ^#&Д $ 25-45cm,
♦й 10-20mm, ШИШЖ
MtfifcoWAm*. PWO;fi3tfi-C, Д $ 30cm KI t К *). $<©Rmtft©HS
одарит д^ 3.8-4.5mm, ж^, м
Д$11ФЙ©Ш£1/2-2/3, Ф«
^г-'а^даж йи5-г<Фй^нд,
®Кй'Й>0, ^-ФТЕ(Т^)о^(>(Э:»'ИД-Сй>?>й»,
Ж<, ^Hfc, Ш^1), f) КХЙ{Ц11!сй^о<Гй]Я0Й^^Й^, Й
Jgi ®feW 2n=36.
[7ЕЯП 7-8/3. M) < > K(* Т Ilt^fcK<
4>ШК1ЖЖ, ^UftofcKi^bnfcV'. 1Ж
со*'?) £<ф^^й:Л-СйцЯр':*' О Ч*4- ь'к^ййЦ 'ЬЙИ^Ф’-э < (+ ь.'Д$ 3.8-4.5mm : ''-Г9Ъ
^t'-Д? 2.2-2.7mrn), (5-7Ж : ЗЯЮ, 1£-&ЯиЯ1Кй'£ч'(10Ш : 51Ю. $Ысйс
t£ *), №'‘8WOtWe>n6. +
Hairy annual cultivated. Culms erect, tufted, to 1 m tall or more; leaf-blades 25-45 cmXlO-
20 mm, long attenuate toward apex, usually sparsely hairy on both surfaces; ligules obscure,
densely fringed with grayish hairs. Panicle to 30 cm long, with many rough branches, some-
what loose, drooping; pedicels without joint. Spikelets narrowly ovoid, 3.8-4.5 mm long,
glabrous; lower glume 1/2-2/3 as long as spikelet, deltoid, usually 7-nerved; upper glume as
long as spikelet, ovate, chartaceous, about 10-nerved; lemma of the first floret similar to the
upper glume but narrower; lemma of fertile second floret coriaceous, lustrous, embracing the
palea by its incurved margin; grains about 3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 36.
DISTR. Native to India and widely cultivated as a millet in Asia, but in Japan now rarely.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 272. Koyama(1987): 308, 520. Edit. Tutin(1980): 261.
560
HA: Hair of plant body.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +L'fE*4+f5S
•) HAl-NUMERl[Jap.J
Sacciolepis indica (L.) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21:8(1908).--------Aira indica L.Q753).
----Panicum indicum (L.) L.C1774).
zKlWfri*|fl^/c()©.t 1^.
0&&W, fr-lift $ 10-40cm, gMSUM, Д £ 4-10cm, f§2-4nn,
Й5 0.5шшй£, ШЙЯШЖ
d«S4L-Cntttt, ft^l-бст, Ш4 6шш, if ft, iOfe, ФЙОЙ
»Ш<, JJSSttjA'Zn-oXt'fc. ФЙ lift $ 3-3.5шш, ^4/ctiSfeo®V'^^iti'blcii^5. Ж—&
£liWt, ftsMi'J<0Hli 1/2 tfclib-fZj>lcft<,
li/J'Sfii PJft. ВД (7) 9 Мй> § ОГГЪ (с-эП-сWEl^ < ПЖ LX, Wllfi
-Г?> 1 5 t i t <L 2 'HE! <) $ 1 ФГЕ(Т^ФОХЖ^Х, £< lit
ЙГ<£МЖ Wffl
K.J» < ПШ-Г t i d'^xl'. ЯМФЯЙ, В1Й1«£йЦ=^ i <7, i^feXftS 1.5mm, SMtlitf
ганга&0й^й£, гшшйихш. 2п=зб.
(TEJffl) 8-10Я. (Ж) *)H, ИИ, Affl, 7 5>7ЛЙ0$фй‘ЬШО. н?'М
•>7, К 7 9 ПС^^р, 7 7 0, 7 X ') 9 d 7Jg%li-1' 7 К. (|51Й:<7>*'$К.
iaiiD. т1-&<Ос-ЖЖ^Ь^< oW^W, BtWEffoi 5 i-A^.6#<
Lx. -r-ixoWUElf^oC ^-'S^iiSK, 4<© 1/2ftX'SWO^oJ^m
^-^<i(7)9Kx*,
Small annual growing in sunny moist places, especially near paddy-field. Culms 10-40 cm
tall, much branched from usually prostrate base, branches clustered, erect to ascending.
Leaf-blades soft, 4-10 cm X 2-4 mm. nearly glabrous and smooth; ligules 0.5 mm tall; sheaths
smooth. Panicle very dense, spike-like, cylindrical, 1-6 cm long, 4-6 mm wide, light-green,
erect on every' tip of culm. Spikelets 3-3.5 mm long, glabrous or sparsely hirsute; pedicels very
short, with broadened, discoidal tips. Lower glume ovate, ca. 1/2 as long as spikelet or
slightly longer, whose base encircling the base of spikelet, 5-nerved. Upper glume as long as
spikelet, with distinct (7)9 nerves, near maturity swollen and gibbous on back. The lower
lemma slightly shorter than spikelet, sterile, never gibbous on back, the second floret bisex-
ual, slightly fragile, pale-yellow, 1.5 mm long, embracing the palea by its incurved margins,
disarticulating above the lower lemma. Chromosome number 2n = 36.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in tropical to
warm-temperate Asia. Introduced to Africa and America. REFER. Clayton(1986): 277. Bor
(1960, 73): 357. Webster(1987): 201
562
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
xO. 9
IX. 15
563
z S') ГУ- NuMERl-GUSA[Jap.;
Sacciolepis indica (L.) Chase var. oryzetorum (Makino) Ohwi, Fl. Jap.: 144(1953).—
Panicum indicum L. var. oryzetorum Makino(1913).
1 ЯгЗО-бОет
®1-2шш, ft$ 10~22cm, *йЗ~5тт, С, ШЛ, «gttTEffO
1 ft $ 3-13ст,
С 2n = 36.
(ТЕМЯ) 8-10Я. (ЯЙ) ШИ, Affl, tJiW, ФИЛЙ1Ш < v К. 4"f
ИВ*. (|а|$<П6'?) !-ШЙ1О^йФ^Цх., X a IJ 1 Off#
Ж<, TE#tt-^ft< X 3-13cm, (У-h) / у toggiJAtiS с tttH,
х / !) У-9-0^5йЧ'-5^5®Ж^Я^. £7j'^i,4 Gilliland О “Flora of Ma-
laya” Vol. Ill 5С2ЛЭДЬХ1'6.
A. ^^H12X0.4cm it TEffiift£ 7cm ЫТ........................................var. indica
A. 7X0.3cm it, TEffti-ft ^ 2.5cm HT .................var. turgida (Ridl.) Gilliland (1964)
C Ж J: 2> i var. indica 0 i a$t Z> i)\ -v iz - ftjcii var. oryzetorum
0 £ E>(C<I4S О MM var. turgida E> 4г 6 L. i izts:^>, Мя>!)£^
9/4mtVcLt£M£ LtWt 5Zn, Й6
Small annual growing in more moist places than the typical phase, especially in the
grassland along marshes. They are compared as follows:
Var. indica.Flowering culms 10-40 cm tall, much branched and clustered with usually
prostrate bases. Spike-like panicle 1-6 cm long, light-green. Leaf-blades 4-10 cm X 2-4 mm.
Var. oryzetorum.Flowering culms 30-60 cm tall, a few to several clustered with erect
bases. Spike-like panicle 3-13 cm long, darker in colour, usually tinged with brownish-violet.
Leaf-blade 10-22 cm X 3-5 mm.
Chromosome number 2n = 36. DISTR. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan,
s. Chinese Continent, India. NOTE According to foreign flora, the size of this species is very
variable, and the 2 infraspecific taxa from Japan are with some doubt whether they are
clear-cut from each other or not. REFER. Clayton(1965): 277. Ohwi(1965): 181 182. Webster
(1987): 201-202. Gilliland(1971): 152-154. Koyama(1987): 317-319.
564
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE + t'iS
Й : ШАЙШШ X.2, !®^Ж®Л11^<15 X.17
565
b' -X InubieLJhp.J Barnyard grass!.Am.]
Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 53, 161(1812).-Panicum crus-galli L.
(1753).
5 ft 1 &S 50-80cm. fi
$8-35cm, Ш 1-1.5cm, ft 9, £<!±ЛрЁ, £ Ы^Ёй'£*. IS»
РЧ$ТЕ#шай£*1±£й*<П,
5ФЙЯЕИ©Т№Мг1отП. Зшш^О, WC5t/j4^C6 L < Ей'О. Д1-
%£%<!: 2'Kezhibftsbo-c, T©'J«
-фтехшй^ы-ш».. i/3iw, з-5Шй'й*>, ш-д<-с,
^<•50 lioe<. 4Ч®©^< ^55^
*5. Т©Ф7Е0^!й1Ш-&т 6^ЙЖ< А-э)5К,
5&шО££7£^Х#СХ|±|-Г. Т0ф/Ё0Й^^Й-Т-ЙВ^-ей^1Х,^О 1/2Ы±. .Ы'ВЙ
аййЧ?< WM, *©SMiilWilli^-c, Ьп. Ж
^^ГлВ$0^ГЙй'П7с$4^>^Н-С^'Ъ^. 2п = 54.
(ТЕМЯ) 8-10Я. (ЯТК) tt)i, *ffl, ЫН, ЛЖ Й£«Г^»-э5. 6№-jKfit5.
4 - р у z<(^n°a)i 7 > УЛ. (|5|$<7>*'?) Ж^©$о7с< frWT^Bib^Jgi ЕУ-f
+ойж»14<, ТЕй'й< <^ййЧ&£>Е>Нб. (у-1) < ©^а-^ЖШй'»
<й«$Н-С1'^й', ^0 5^П*©^<Г);о-Са§&Е>НЛ:Н*Й©2ЙЙ^гк^Е||Й-Г?>. fcfc N.N.
Tsvelev subsp. crus-galli <'1ХТ)#Ф7Е1С|*|||й'&6<Ж$L, subsp. caudata 'С(1!*|81й>7£1'
й» i ЛЯй'б 5C<^X-2>±£$7dM'o-Cl'6. -t % О iWfcSfcSfc. 5 r i &45.
Weedy annual growing on humid soil in arableland. Culms tufted, 50-80 cm tall. Leaf-blades
darkgreen, scabrous on margins; sheaths laterally compressed and keeled on back; ligules
absent. Panicle consisted of many spike-like racemes, usually tinged with purplish-brown,
Spikelets 3-4 mm long, 2-flowered, the upper florets bisexual, and the lower sterile or male.
The lower glume encircling the base of spikelet, 3 to 5-nerved, about 1/3 as long as spikelet.
The upper glume as long as spikelet, usually 5-nerved, with or without short or long apical
awn. Lower lemma flat, as long as spikelet, usually with 3-5 mm apical awn, sometimes
awnless with hyalin palea of over 1/2 length of the lemma. Upper lemma coriaceous, glossy,
with obscure veins, embracing the palea of the same texture by its incurved margins. Anthers
1 mm long. Spikelets falling entire. Chromosome number 2n = 54.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in warm-
temperate to tropical regions of the world. REFER. Bor(1960): 310. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 663.
Gould et al.(1972): 52-76. Gould(1975): 537. Edit. Tutin(1980): 262. Ohwi(1965): 185. Webster
(1987): 73-74.
566
MA: ЖДчо-х p Margin of leaf-blade.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +fc'iS
Г»#» VIII.25
567
*Г А Я t'X KE-INUBIE[Jap.]
Echinochloa crus-gaJli (L.) Beauv. var. aristata S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2(1821).—
Panicum echinatum Willd.(1826). P. crus-galli L. var. longisela Trin.(1829). E. crus-
galli var. echinalatNvilld.) Honda(1923) nom. illeg.
ATWi'S im, Sit lent ^4D0Bt±1.2-2cm 15~20cm. ЙЖ
*3 4mm, 2.5-4СП1 5
51()mm 2n = 54.
(ТЕМЯ) 9-юл. (ЯИ5) /НН, РЧрЁ|, A)'H, < bA>64ni> 4
я e^KLJt-<iX 6Г1О0Ш<с^йУ££и7П6. (/- Ю 74 я я t'xOOi LX^t
S. F. Gray(1821) О ИШй!, Great Britain i ZdWtd^TiX, ^OiiWx
ilWib/J'Gfrt'. Lrt'L N. N. Tsvelev(1984) О p. 663 t(-±, уL LX C
,+Gu *7uJ |'йЕ© =.Й!>Н tlLSo 5 КЛ L Id L X £ 6. Trinius(1829) й' г о =1Й'1Ц±оШ’7 я 1
? s' L i к. Panicum crus-galli echinatum L Lt, Jffi i' fc Й li 7 < я t’xfoioigb
4t6. 7c LT “ Monographia Poacearum japonicum ”(1930) fciiCftt Lt, ВДИмк
№ (1940), 4tP№lW П«feiaig WIWTJl (1960)й£ЛйИ^£ Lt
echinata fc-tffcG, Trinius О у т /В®
О Lt о f!i echinatum ZcL‘ Ы d 7 t я
2em РэЯ-О{0^Й?>$:£ JLtl'4: <Ьй^6й\ 2 -^Oftk^'G^t,
№(tH4 я LtliK^И<1®5.
Rather robust annual in moist place especially along streams. Distinguishable from typical
phase of E. crus-galli as follows: Culms attaining I m tall, 1 cm or more in diam. al base;
leaf blades 1.2-2 cm wide. Panicle 15-20 cm long, nodding, usually violet-brown at maturity,
covered with long awns. Spikelets 3-4 mm long; sterile lemma (lemma of first floret) with a
long awn 2.5-1 cm in length, tipper glume also awned at apex. Chromosome number 2n=54.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus). Distribution area outside
Japan uncertain, but is supposed to be frequent in subtropical regions. REFER. Trinius
(reprint 1970) Pars 2; leones: 162. Tsvelev(1976, 84); 663. Gould et al.(1972); 53. Chase(1926)
II; 3. ЙОH /даЙ1РЖ(1984): 742.
568
t У 4 E'-X. HiME-iNUBiE[JapJ
Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. var. praticola Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11:37
(1942).
Str, 5 йЗШЗЧ-'э.
ШЬГ*- , *i4©4>W#&-r2>c itittVxi'.
4'Ж*Д$ 2.2-Зшш, JgOftM:£4U tail'. 2n=54.
(TEW 7-9 Л. (Ж) ИН, AJtl, m. Ж &Ж. [/-bl
ivtz'fy 'КЁКИЙЬМ
Ю^р^Жй'Й b, £О,&”Cli N. N. Tsvelev Ob'5 subsp. crus-galli © 5 ЪО & О. 4 ? ь'^-й», ЙЙ<
fri'Uf UfMfc X
ЖШ4>7ЕЙЧФЗ<, / -f у ь'х^ш
< S>. >r 4 * tf t. 4 * < , t > 4 %
Sfc N. N.Tsvelev(1976) hi'r Л y- у t'^J:
All of the other Echinochloa in Japan are more or less hygrophytic plants, while this variety
of E. crus-galli is a mesophyte growing in disturbed land. The total view thinner and more
slender than that of var. crus-galli', most leaf-blades up to 5 mm broad, with rather soft
margins. Panicle smaller, whose racemes short, loose and simple. Spikelets 2.2-3 mm long,
never awned at apices. Flowering in Jul у September, slightly earlier than the other varieties.
Chromosome number 2n=54.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan, Korea.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 280-281. Ohwi(1965) 185. Ohwi(1962): 55.
570
MA: !> Margin of leaf blade.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE tEWt'l
ff : llinlS^M^BT VII 27
xO.85
571
Я 4 7- t''-Х TA-INUBIE[jap.]
Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 41: 742(1891).-Panicum
oryzoides Ard.(1764).----P. oryzicola Vasing.(1931).--P. phyllopogon Stapf(1901).—E.
phyllopogon (Stapf) Kossenko(1940).
Ж®Ф^А1ХФ©Й< KUix-S £ 50-90cm.
20cm, tS8-12mm, -< я tMbd’tcSfe-C'iti'bh,,
at-SHfci'. АЙОНА? 8-15cm, Й
'JWJbm я fxjt R£ 4-5.5шт, Д0Ц^-О£^£й'>
1© 1/2-3/5, 4<£ИД, ШйоХИШ
ЖЗз. ФШ Sfefeftti 2n=36.
COS) 8-10Я. (5НЮ ЛИ, *)H, ИЯ, Л)«^О5. ЙФЙ • 9 7, ФВ,
ФО(И!КД; < frfi. d Т-©ИИТЙШ£ LXA&WrjK/J'-ofctOlp Ll'. * d 7'ttd 9 У 7T?O$igi&.
d 7 iBSv'i&fet£>S££, Фй«
A t < 4-5.5mm, % l/2Uh «^OfeAtf-CiO
d 7 (7— h) AI3© 1 5 k © A E. phyllopogon,
E. oryzoides £ Ь’С5)-<ф?>й^/А^>;Ь. N. N. Tsvelev(1976, 84) li.L©i®j®'£ %
3£l'l', A##t.efi|5li0*KUt, M^O®OtS5A‘^l'£l'oXl'b.
£® 5 ©X', T. G. Tutin Ш “Flora Europaea” (1980) ©Я>гй^^1', 2
X Panicum oryzoides tc2t<5 < L"C^>6.
Large annual growing in or along paddy-field. Culms tufted, making large tuft, erect, 50-
90 cm tall; leaf-blades 10-20 cm x8-12 mm, fresh-green, flat, stiff and erect, bordered by white,
very cartilaginous, rough margins; ligules absent; sheaths keeled on back, glabrous or hispid
in radical leaves. Panicle 8-15 cm long, erect to inclined, fresh green, rarely tinged with
purple. Spikelets 4-5.5 mm long, narrowly-ovate, acuminate, usually not awned at apex,
glossy. Lower glume encircling the spikelet, 1/2-3/5 as long as spikelet; the upper as long as
spikelet, with sparse, stiff hairs; lemma of first floret flat, nearly glabrous, glossy; lemma of
second floret coriaceous, clasping the palea of the same texture by its incurved margins.
Chromosome number 2n = 36.
DISTR. Widespread in Eurasian Continent. In Japan it usually occurs in paddy-field. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 280-281. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 1001. Edit. Tutin(1980j: 262. Webster(1987):81.
Ohwi(1962): 51-54.
572
MA: Ш-Й'®'4 У Margin of leaf-blade.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
t HlME-TA-INUBIE[Jap.]
Echinochloa glabrescens Munro ex Hook, fil., Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 31(1896).-E. crus-galli CL.)
Beauv. var. formosensis Ohwi(1942).-E. crus-galli nut. kasaharae Ohwi(1953).
Я-Ш'вЗЙ* < * t'xltl <Ш^2>Я f) ПК, Ж^оШИ5-8шш,
ЙёЗшшй'л 1/2йгШ. iWSfit'.
I) •), * < * d'ft(T;£44E)o^i
Я© < , Я?йпй'М-=ЁХ'йь,^й:г-с^^ < у- ^«ЫВД-еа*. Га«8Жй!й.1
(1968) р. 407 r«t£Rlll, Ю, ?@ИЯТ©МЖЛ«Ж,
О/ЁХ'^Й&ЯЖ L....J <кхЕЯ 11Л )<#&--. ЙР(1962) ti. FDr.Bor — E.glabrescens
©H7St Wallich No. 8687 ©9Ж-Ж<Ь, ПЛОХ',
Siot 0 «ЬЯЖ&Л. Chtigi’t it< 9 < ? /4? tt
9 О t*i%iH<tK5iJtii^/£l40X'*ofcJ «tlSLXl'b. ЛЛЕ_ЫВ N. L. Bor
O-ftS 4.5-5шш Wtt 2n = 54.
Ml 8-ЮЯ. (Я-ад ^W&IMJUS, ив, ЛЯ ФВ, М7*7-<
к, 9-y
ХЖЙ, ФЖ©Т7гНЁ©Ж1ЙЯ?<Т 7 < ЬЛЯ L
хф?<, ФРО^ЛЬПйЛ'. ь >< О
й>Ф№1ЁКИх.?>©^Я'Е, !ИЬA'tczK8ifet-tXх., Ж'О'ч 0 tiS-fLL, 7 < 7
йЛ'ЯЙй-Гй^!^(о. 9 4 7 5<
t Л E i', Bor П-э Л.
Weedy grass usually occurring in or along the paddy-field. Closely allied to E. oryzoides by
its general aspect and greenish colour, but smaller and more gracile. Leaf-blades 5-8 mm
wide; spikelets 3 mm long, with a few stiff hairs; lower glume 1/3-1/2 as long as spikelet.
Distinguishable from E. crus-galli by the stiff and erect leaves with cartilaginous, white
margins, light-green spikelet, and somewhat coriaceous and glossy lemma of the lower floret.
Chromosome number 2n=54.
DISTR. Japan (s. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan, Indochina, China to Nepal.
REFER. OhwiU965) 185. Bor(1960, 73); 311. Ohwi(1962): 54-55. Hsu(1975): 529.
574
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
S- IX. 4
XO. 85
575
Е HlE[Jap.] jAPANESE-MILLET[Eng.]
Echinochloa utilis Ohwi et Yabuno, Acta Phytotax. et Geobot. 20: 50(1962).-E. crus-galli
(L.) Beauv. subsp. utilis (Ohwi et Yabuno) T. Koyama(1987).-E. frumenlacea misapplied
by Japanese authors, not of (Roxb.) Link.
1 fr-iii® $ 1-1.3m,
1.5cm t%ft3. ft£ 20-40cm, Kl-5-3cm, $'t o ft < ftt>.
10-25cm, *S4-7cm lii'ft', L ft 0, ft^iftt'.
fttf 0, Ш15-25 Ж, ft S 2 - 5cm, * S 1cm 1Ш ft h.
ъ. 'jw<Mm, fts 2.5-з.5шш. бж
1/5-2/3 -с. 51ft, lit й'^|]±-Г ?>. %-
'J'Ttfi'bl&'C, -t ЯД4 ft WA^-'eJa < , 5-7Ж,
ft^rtiftS 1-2cm left Sfti^bo ЙЙЙ!ЛЖЙ. ^Х'НЕ(Ш:й>&6)!tlWl
£UW, 2n=54.
(оз)8-9Л. аж, фя, .ые, ') 7й>ьф*т^7же, *
T T * d'i&oTtcITO^ftt'O-C,
ft Lft < JJ’-Lft:!® £. (7— H ь v К E. frumentacea Link. O^ft- J: (ffift ^ft/Л •
®Sfo£g2®F':ftog£, < 7. t'^Xj'G^.tHftWgiftft, d' К t'<t JhSJ: prftoft. 4
WW-tsei i7)'ft<. d'MorsHiSi'Xi'ft,
5^feft^6ti'5.
Cultivated annual. Culms very robust, 1-1.3 m, attaining 1.5 cm in diam. at base; leaf-blades
20-40 cmXI.5-3 cm, with stiff, whitish, rough margins; sheaths smooth: ligules none. Distin-
guishable from the other Echinochloa by such far robuster habit; by the denser panicles with
thicker racemes curved inward; and by the broadly ovate spikelets 2.5-3.5 mm long, mostly
awnless and not disarticulating below the glumes. Chromosome number 2n = 54.
DISTR. Cultivated in Japan, Korea, China, Ussurie etc. In former days in Japan it was
widely cultivated as human food, but now casually as birdseeds. REFER. Tsvelev(1976, 84):
663. Webster(1987): 85. Ohwi(1962): 50-51. Clayton(1986): 280-281.
576
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
1:ЙЛ IX. 1
577
ЕГп—F Зг В* BiROHDO-KiBi[Jap.]
Brachiaria villosa (Lam.) A. Camus, Fl. Gener. Indo-Chine 7:433 (1922).-Panicum vil-
losum Lam.(1791).—-P. coccospermum Steud.(1853).-P. nanum Nees ex Steud.(1853).
1 W. 5 15-25cm, W, Ж83
й‘^<, i < ft5 3-5cm, Ш4-10шш, ШРШ
t-ftS©W&^£> I) , 'x t) 5 о -Cioffi U'W*!O. TE^lift 5 2 - 5cm,
5-10 *©&£££, % 2 L tz i), Ш
ft5 2.3-2.7mm, ftffiPW, HSttfctfm
ТЕ <t *• F> ft £, ft5H/J'SS© 2/5-1/2, 3-5K
to. 0Ь-ГйЧС^<. 5 Eft-C5Ж, i
flgtt»l/2-3/4©5S, ^“Ф/ЕЯ^-С,
i)itг2иш-=ё, аш^шанйььй^, sat
ftlf/Ж<ЕЙЙЖФ5. &feW2n = 36.
con s-юл. (ж) *ятиш), езй, /л tu-??, тук(^т
Annual growing near the seashore in warm-temperate regions. Culms 15-25 cm tall, much
branched, densely villous; leaf-blades lanceolate, 3-5cmX4-10mm, villous on both surfaces,
rough on margins with sharp spinules. Inflorescence 2-5 cm long; branches 5-10, with short-
pedicelled spikelets arranged in two rows. Spikelets oblong, 2.3-2.7 mm long, consisted of two
florets, the lower sterile and the upper fertile. Lower glume embracing the base of spikelet,
3 to 5-nerved, 2/5-1/2 as long as spikelet; upper glume 5 to 7-nerved, hardly shorter than
spikelet. Lemma of first floret 5-nerved, as long as spikelet, sometimes provided with
membranous palea nearly of 1/2 length of the lemma. Second (fertile) floret nearly as long
as spikelet, the lemma coriaceous, embracing the palea of the same texture by the incurved
margins. Chromosome number 2n=36.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; s. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), most part of South-East Asia.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 283-284. Lazarides(1980): 107.
578
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE ^tWUrt'iE
X20
IX.24
579
7V 3 E'-X. NARUKOBIE[Jap.J
Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth, Revis. Gram. 1:30(1829).--------Paspalum villosum Thunb.
(1784).----Panicum tuberculifiorum Steud.(1853).-----E. villosa чах. stenantha Ohwi(1934).
Ж£ 50-100сш, gl>
10-25cm, Й7-15ШШ, Wffit
S 0.5mm, 7-10cm ©ФЙЮ-^КйФс 1 о X 3-7*©^^, $©
3&f>ibXS3©^m, '1#Ш 4.5-5mm, Й
liftS 2.5mm ftifX, < КйиШЙШШ C i7/^6)754ix.X'h^OT^^fc
*>’5. SSbiiE-fL
JiTHiHhc, & < •hfcSf'iOh-fi <. ^-^«^»МоХФШ1й|Д, Wffit
^-Ф7Е(Ф^1^)©Й!Й«7!:И1©1Й1Г^ 0, $тШ’ЙХ 3 - 5ш£ТЬХ
ЬЪ. ^4'ft(Wft/bft)O^i#ffiiic.s»< F>^, йж<ь-гмста>
£0, т££Й1'7г:£ 2n = 54.
С7ЕЯ0) 7-8Л. (Ж) МЖ *Ж ЩИ, лж та WO5, фщ, -5-ЛР-, □-
***, 1 Фа<охтй&ош4Ы^
О^йфг, ФЖ©¥Ь&тО1Ж1*1»г, л< A,7frEi^7EWii^^-mfJ(^-{R<J)fr-lRj < ох, Мол
Х> ? t ^JS7j>GJio £ 0
Densely hairy perennial growing in sunny grassland. Culms tufted, erect, 50-100 cm tall,
short pubescent; leaf-blades linear to linear-lanceolate, villose on both surfaces; sheaths
villose with erect-patent hairs; ligules 0.5 mm tall, ciliate on margin. Inflorescence 7-10 cm
long, with 3-7 racemes turning to one side of the axis; spikelets in two rows, ovate-oblong,
4.5-5 mm long, plano-convex, their flat side facing the rachis. Lower glume and callus
confused and reduced into white, membranous ring encircling the base of spikelet; upper
glume broadly ovate, as long as spikelet, 5-nerved, convex dorsally; sterile lemma similar to
upper glume, but narrower and flat; fertile floret consisted of subcoriaceous lemma and palea,
finely rugose. Chromosome number 2n = 54.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus), Korea, China,
Ussurie, Caucasus, Iran, Indochina etc. REFER. Clayton(1986): 285. Koyama(1987): 371-372.
580
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE t'il
HWffi VIII. 13
581
7 Щ. KisHU-suzuMENOHiE[Jap.] Knot grass [Eng.]
Paspalum distichum L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2:855(1759).--------P. digitaria Poir.(1816).--P.
michauxianum Kunth(1829).---------P. chepica Steud.(1854).----Digitaria paspalodes Michx.
(1803).
im&< scVx!),
20-40cm. ft£5-10cm, Ш 4 - вши,
^^±«2 2 fi(CT < Sh.tc3®)O^>
ЬКЪ, ^oft^fi4-9cm,
ft2 3mm, /v—LX 9 $
“^gUi'HUlRlft, 3-5Шг4Ъ, ЬА,тП'?>. ^-d'7E(^)0^H3g,
<, - 0 ЮГэЖсОДй'о-c|f?]«oi*]gM£, ?Еве^<'Ш1МоГв1й^Ж^&ой^
*W5. ШС©¥1'^г»тлШТП. $Й©МЖ ft $ 1.5mm fit’. %
fefttt 2n=20, 30, 40, 48, 60.
C7EM01 7-10Я. (Ж) ЖйЙ#Я©»ФШ< frffi. a^-CH1924^WUJ^-CtiUfe-C^®
£П, < ^5. (У-t) MS^7XX>
/ t*(l!Wt©O»©«t. 7xJ>0*-C P. distichum t t OKJ14 fgft(2n=
40)<h 6 f^(2n=60)*‘* 9, 4 6 (g-ft^L-t^, адтла-е,
?Е/$7и13(££г4):$^й>67хб4ой'1 ESDI'S. p. disti-
chum var. indutum Shinners <L i p. 752(1Щ®)&#йй$Н7с1'.
Extensive perennial with long creeping stolons, growing on damp soil, often submerged in
water. Erect branches many, 20-40 cm tall; leaf-blades soft, flat, glabrous except the ciliate
mouth of the sheath; ligules about 1-2 mm tall. Inflorescence consisted of 2 racemes bearing
2 series of light-green spikelets. Spikelets oblong with acutish apex, 3 mm long, with scattered
minute hairs; lower glume usually absent; the upper 3 to 5-nerved, rather convex on back
facing the rachis; lemma of first (sterile) floret 3-nerved, flat. Second floret bisexual and
fertile, as long as spikelet; lemma coriaceous, smooth glabrous, embracing the palea by its
incurved margin: stigmas dark violet; anthers 1.5 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=20, 30,
40, 48, 60.
DISTR. Widespread in N. America and tropical regions of Asia. Naturalized in Japan
(Common; southern Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). REFER. Key to Paspalum spp....
Ohwi(1965): 184. Koyama(1987): 356. Gould(1975): 510. Webster(1987): 171. Masumura
(1989). Act. Phytotax. Geobot. 40: 98(pl. of var. indutum).
582
AP: ffettigSK_t.XisSW<Oft$S Apex of fertile lemma.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
583
*7 XX' jt 7 E -X SAWA-suzuMENOHiE[Jap/| Seashore PASPALUM[Eng.]
Paspalum vaginatum Swartz, Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ.: 21(1788).----P. distichum L. var. va-
ginatum (Swartz) Griseb.(1864).-----Digitaria foliosa Lag.(1816).---P. foliosum (Lag.)
Kunth(1829).
50-80cm,
4-10cm, 2-4mm, UfUilWtK, 2mm LURcAx.* %©Ж
^BtiSSO.S-lmm. ^ОГЯ-2*, th.t3*O#^
oft, 'J'WtftS 3.5-4mm, »Пй''£Я, &&
Й-Ш4(, %-'Нь(Ш'ЬЯ)о1Шт^ЖпП,
¥fi-C, ФДОЖхЖ,
W'X9 < . M#H2n=20, 40.
(ОЮ 7-8 Я. M) ЖЛЙь Ш * Л + -М
*. (1в1 Ж<£>*'£') +> а. > х X л ; t £ Ъй'А-^'ГЬ'. N. L. Вог(1960, 73)О^^й^1
£Ж^"Г.
+ / t...4Ъ. ФЙ
©Д^ШОЙй’гй. Ш1£$4-9ст. ^тК©®%!сЯАЪ.
..............HS-Ф7ЕоВ^*Ф*ШйЭД < -ей < , Li'fL^M, ФЙ<о
ДгИйН'З®. Ш1Дг4стйТ. а*-с*ш»№4£.
Perennial growing in salty marshes along seashore, with long, creeping rhizomes. Culms
erect from ascending base, 50-80 cm tall, often rooting from basal nodes. Leaf-blades 4-111
cm X 2-4 mm, often inrolled into tubular forms under 2 mm in diam.; sheaths glabrous,
smooth, ciliate only at the mouth; ligules 0.5-1 mm tall. Racemes 2, rarely 3 on the tip of the
culm, with distichous spikelets on lower side of rachis. Spikelets 3.5-4 mm long, green,
glabrous. N. L. Bor (1960, 73) compared P. distichum and P. vaginatum as follows:
P. distichum....Upper glume covered with a very short pubescence; lower lemma with a
prominent middle nerve ; racemes often long, up to 9 cm long; lower glume either absent or
a truncate or subulate scale; spikelets elliptic, twice as long as broad.
P. vaginatum....Upper glume entirely glabrous; middle nerve of the lower lemma faint;
racemes short, not above 4 cm long; lower glume absent; spikelets broadly lanceolate, three
times as long as broad.
2n = 20, 40. DISTR. Japan (Rare; Isle Yakushima, Isles Amami, Isles Ryukyus). Widespread
in tropical to subtropical regions of the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 287-288. Webster
(1987): 181-182. Bor(1960, 73): 338-339.
584
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
VM. 8
585
У Я l) "fa XX $ 7 t -X AMEKiKA-suzuMENOHiELJap.J Bahia GKAssLEng.J
Paspalum notatum Fliigge, Monogr. Pasp.: 106(1810).
Г ft x. Ъ M- Ж © t, О 0 C 3 - 4 Ж О ft % n £ 6 a йЧХ£&<Г&,
W, &Ж.. $K.ft(W, 30-80c«i,
«#Hft3 Ю-ЗОсш, Ш2 - 5mm, ТФШ12оЛт»> WUni¥, #£&'), 7
#©%0}±UfU±WEfe, ftfr
WtftS 6-15cm, 2?l|0d'»«roH5. 'HBStftS 2.5-3w,
$®fe, Ж—^Я^х/х <, Ж--c, 'Ш£шз71
ft, 3-5ЖЙ^6. Ж-Ф7Е©теШ-®^£|й)Шсй'>, нгя 6±fcl'.
0, 0 , Нйй'оt'x'J Т?|*№Й< . &
fe^lt 2n = 20, 30, 40.
(ТЕЮ) 7-9 Л. М) У й©1ЖЖ£1'Ыг, t 7 • т я £ X t ЬХйЖгД
Фадо®%П£й’>-о-0'6. ElШ£1'. 9 7 УШШИИ 7 KSgS. (^Юй'ЗП ft
ИЙ^ШЗЙ. P. minus Fourn. ©ШЬ©Шйй^?>. rWiA.
Chase(1929) Г X Ъ t'J'W±ft$ 2-2.5mm Х'%^й*^В < , о tffiftfti К '), ЛойсГЙёЗО
ст^®$-Г, ^tift5 5-15cm-CTX7OWit’btcft^^^V'tl'5. t^iicogl©X 5
WZt P. minus ОП7ЙШФ^£й:Л.-С1'ЙЧ'о
Introduced perennial growing in inhabited areas, wholly glabrous except for several ciliae
at the base of leaf-blade (fig. CO), with thick creeping rhizomes covered with decayed
sheaths. Stems 30-80 cm tall; leaf-blades narrowly linear, 10-30 cm X 2-5 mm, flat, folded
when dried; sheaths laterally compressed, keeled on back, glossy, often purplish in lower ones;
ligules series of minute hairs. Inflorescence composed of 2(3) racemes on the tip of clum:
racemes erect-divergent, 6-15 cm long, with 2 rows of spikelets. Spikelets 2.5-3 mm long,
light-green, glossy; lower glume absent; the upper glume and lemma of first floret (sterile)
as long as spikelet, thin in texture, 3 to 5-nerved: second floret fertile, composed of coriaceous
lemma and palea. Both stigmas and anthers blackish-violet. Chromosome number 2n = 20.30.
40.
DISTR. Native to tropical America, widespread in warm regions of the world through
cultivation as fodder. In Japan common now. REFER. Clayton( 1986): 287-288. Gould(1975):
506. Webster(1987): 176-177. Chase(1929): 64-67.
586
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +
# VII. 15. *rffiIX.3
587
ACHI-SUZUMENOHIE[Jap.J VaSEY GRASS|Eng.J
Paspalum urvillei Steud., Synop. Pl. Gram.: 24(1854).-------P. ovatum Nees ex Trin. var.
parviflorum Nees(1829).----P. dilalalum Poir. var. parviflorum Doell(1877).----P. vaseyanum
Scribn.(1899).
ig£li 70-150cm, ШЙПО-
40cm, Ш5-15шга, 9 1W fco £, l-l (-tf-± H ИйЧ±М-=Ё, T
£ 2 - 4mm,
ft$ 10-40cm «ффйГ 10-20 SgliftS 4-10cm, ЙЯ 4 tz ii&Wc *-э X, 2 4fcfi
ЗЯГФВ^оЦ?.. ФЙ<*£Ж ft2 2-2.7mm, И -ftT,
им^^хй5-г<, < ЬЪ, & -<1ЧЕ(Т^)ой£й
ФЛЖТг'И-й'МЛг'э. Й5-Ф7Ш14
^£S)01£Wi'J4E<t 9-Ф-Фз®<, №'й!Ш 9, йНЫ’Ф®
ГсЬЖЗ^ЙС'Т^Ъб. ^lift^lmm, ЙМ,Ш. ЗШШ2п = 40.
(7ЕЙЙ17-9Я. ЖФО1ЖЙТ-, ft*, 7*7, 77')*. b ? У
ГШЬФа. а % К < JLAffi-С^Я 2 it. 1'4 адЯШЖГЛ'/Х 9 5 К % О £ ft X
Ъ. HTWt/zi^. Г) / е^Д<-ФЙ^4Ь9
Oti, л х' / / ь ^tz'rt. г флйФЙй'Ф^ < , ft^ 3-3.5mm, 3 - 6 (ИХ', й
А £ГЙН!, LtiLU'Tl»] ЖВ^НТ-Я WbftS.
X// txittgj. (7-H 2Н£й'',
t < tc^Lfc
Introduced perennial growing in disturbed places. Culms densely tufted, 70-150 cm tall;
leaf-blades 10-40 cm X 5-15 mm, glabrous with scaberulous margins; upper sheaths glabrous,
long-hairy only at mouths; basal sheaths usually hirsute; ligules 2-4 mm tall. Inflorescence
composed of 10-40 racemes; racemes 4-10 cm long, erect to erect-divergent, with 2 or 4 series
of spikelets. Spikelets ovate, dorsally compressed, 2-2.7 mm; lower glume absent; upper
glume as long as spikelet, convex on back, covered with minute papillae and long silky hairs.
Lemma of first (asexual) floret flat, with long silky hairs only on margins; lemma of second
(fertile) floret coriaceous, lustrous, embracing the palea by its incurved margins. Anthers
pale-yellow. Chromosome number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Native to S. America, and widespread in tropical to warm-temperate regions of the
world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 287-288. Webster(1987): 181. Hitchcock(1971): 615, 617. Edit.
Tutin(1980): 263
588
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
X0.82
589
VW 11
Х'7 7 Е х SuzuMENOHiE[Jap.]
Paspalum thunbergii Kunth ex Steud., Nomenci. Bot. Ed. 2, 2 (2): 273(1841).-P. mol-
lipilum Steud.(1853).-P. scrobiculatum L. var. thunbergii(Kunth ex Steud.)Makino(1896).
Й*. Й$ 30-80ст, ЖЖ Ш
10-30cm, *й 5-10mm, 2 1тж,
- «LUPJgoX TEfffl 3 - 5
К), mft£6-8cm, 2 - 3 ЯК^'^йЧ^, ФШ
А, Ф^о^В/сЪ, ОЖ-М btr. Ш-'NEoim
¥Ъ-с, ФйоЯ-ШТС»tоТП ^-/1'7Е(^йФ7Е)о^я^И-сФФЖ^й^ О,
9йФЗД(сйХЛо«стШ,
1.4mm. 2n = 20, 40.
(7EJW) 7-ЮЛ. WN, ИЯД, 7ъФН, ЙЯи>о5. W, ФД, гз-йчгл. (га^лй'?) В
Ш**/ / t^g-c, ЖЖ %ге>г/]Ш
*Л:1±Л^Г#<, ШЗ-РШ, ^^<й>Й>НИ'ИЙЯЙ^. (У-Ц 9 4, i
Ж%«Л)Ной1^гийЙ-С', С.Р. Thunberg(1743-1828) й*>ЙЖ, ®О Г 0 (1784) К Р. dis-
section <L L ТL fcй\ Ьтпё dissectum(dt/K^’) t C. й'^Ъй» t>, t$&t
Thunberg 0^8|£^ф6®fSi Lt-Ь© 1 5 $М..
Perennial growing in lowland or mountain belt, with short rhizomes. Culms tufted, erect,
30 80 cm tall; the nodes, leaf-sheaths and blades all densely covered with soft hairs. Leaf-
blades flat, 10-30 cm X 5-10 mm; ligules 1mm tall. Inflorescence composed of 3-5 racemes;
racemes 6-8 cm long, erect-divergent, with spikelets arranged in 2-3 rows, with a few long
hairs at axils. Spikelets nearly orbicular, about 2.6 mm in diam. Glabrous or with sparse
minute hairs on margins. Lower glume absent; upper glume convex on the adaxial side, as
long as spikelet; lemma of first floret, sterile, flat. Second floret near!}' as long as spikelet;
lemma coriaceous, lustrous, embracing the palea by its incurved margins. Anthers 1.4 mm
long, pale-yellow. Chromosome number 2n=20, 40.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, China, Caucasus
REFER. Clayton(1986J: 287-288. Koyama(1987): 359-360. Tsvelev(1976,84): 668. Hsu(1974):
591.
590
HA:f?--h<035 Hairs on culm.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
#• (IlWOl* Vin 5
XO. 82
SHIMA-SUZUMENOIIIF.[Jap.] DaLLIS GRASs[EngJ
Paspalum dilatatum Poir. in Lam., Encycl. Meth. Bot. 5:35(1804).-Digitaria dilalata
(Poir.) Coste (1906).-P. pratense Spreng.(1825).-P. ovatum Nees ex Trin.(1826).-P.
lanatum Spreng.(1827).
JK< ШЭЖйЬ-ейг 50-150cm. МВД? Ю-ЗОсш, Й 3*12
mm, ЯИЗ. 1-18I5&&l'X2-4
mm, 7Effii3-6(7)*o^^b7xO, mft£5-9cm,
X, г-ЗЯ^^^ФЖ^И*. ft 2 3-3.5mm, 9
SI-WK &т7»АМ-?ХФЖ£|ё1Д, «tWA< Htli L, ЗГ^И. М~Ф
ТС(ФЖ)О^ЮОН£Ш£й±Х&;5й‘, Affix’, г’ъе^'х'нхд^й^*. %=9№(&ШЪ)
<*фш о <, огм о хизнорт
®<. &ift£fitflmm.
ti 2n=20, 40, 50.
(7ЕЯП6-9Л. (Ж) ЖЖОЖЙХ, С«>, Шг^фоЦИис/К< ЯНН EI*Xf«$lc
Дй'^ШЬ, ЗЙВДЯ ИЯ, Affl, OU>o5. 9 d XMtfettz/niv^y.
0xX//txi>btt, 4'Wo^0txft^o^?>r i L,
9 9 9 ь^й^}ХВ(7Е/Т©й)©^й^7х<, й'-oJJx < I3Hj LX Lli
Ltf^H^5kt-Zfc5 C i <t, ФЙЖК^''- i 9 t 3-3.5mm : 9 9 9 t 2-2.7
mm)iXSilttP>H5. fcft-=go^>^OJi^ ^7,^9 9 к^ИЙ-Й.й-С-гЬб.
Naturalized perennial in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, erect, 50-150 cm tall; leaf-blades 10-
30 cm x3-12 mm, glabrous; sheaths nearly glabrous except for lowermost ones with stiff
hairs; ligules 2-4 mm tall, light tawny. Inflorescence composed of 3-6 (7) racemes; the
racemes solitary, 5-9 cm long, divergent to nodding, bearing spikelets densely arranged in 2
or 3 rows. Spikelets ovate, compressed dorsivetrally, 3-3.5 mm long, green, with long silky
hairs on margins. Lower glume absent, upper glume as long as spikelet, convex on adaxial
side, usually 3-nerved. Sterile lemma flat, slightly shorter than spikelet; fertile lemma 2 mm,
coriaceous, clasping the palea by its incurved margins. Anthers and stigmas both dark violet.
Chromosome number 2n = 20, 40, 50.
DI STR. Native to S. America, and widely naturalized in Japan. Widespread in warm-
temperate zone in the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 287-288. Gould(1975): 513-515. Webster
(1987): 172-173. Gilliland(1971): 184-185.
592
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +
К : VI.27
593
SuZUME-NO-KOBIELJap.J KoDRA MILLET [Eng.]
Paspalum scrobiculatum L., Mant. Pl. 1:29(1767).-P. orbiculare Forst. fil.(1786).—P.
scrobiculatum var. orbiculare (Forst, fil.) Hack.(1884).-P. commersonii Lam.(1791).—P.
melzii Steud.(1853).-P. thunbergii Kunth et Steud. var. minor Makino(1892).-P. ako-
ense Hayata(1918).---? P. longifolium Roxb.(1820).
-^И-Ь^л-еЖ*, Ж£ 40-80сш. ^хфе>т*
7-25cm, Ш 3 - 7 (-10)mm, 0.5-2™, t О £
^£Л£’©^}*^В, 7Е^ИЗ-6/кО^й‘6Й:-,Х,
Ш’ХЗ ft$3-6cm, 2 - 3?!1^-Т#Гв1й < Ott, Ф$Й£
2-2.5mm,
М-^fi/J^£ |B)ST*7EttfliJtc^^т^> < пш С, М-44Е(^)о^тшедд-с, АЙИЖЗ-
¥Е>Т*2>6. М-Ф7ЕСШ£й'>£> b) %ФЖ£Ш£йД, ^ЙТ*Й^Ф£> b,
зНЖШё.£ t£ I), ФЖ-£йкЬМт>6. 2n=40.
[ТЕМЯ] 8-ЮЛ. (Ж) ШЖМ), Ий. УыЖ. 5Ш. l0M©№fcH©№t fcXtf
t-AF5iJ7. 9 Л T'jgibH'f у К. (lel^OT*'^] х х" л 7 е о £ ЬЙЛ'Й', ФШЧ'£ <, ffi
Кй < , ФТЕ^$Й СТЖ£Ж&£ (л х" 9 / е л ТЖЖ&^ЙЮ. [7-h]P.
scrobiculatum <г>9 < у'ШЖ'ХТ > КЖоЙ^ирОЙФ^^ » — т^'у ОС'/‘IfxT'il'Tflfc’b©. 1
Ф-^-С, *WcWM©ib*C£a'‘, Р. orbiculare * оТЙ, £ ©40ДЛ £ $ Ф-Т 1фсйъ W.D.
Clayton(1975) П9 < tot ®Ш г £ &ЭШ 1 ШШЙИЬ' £ V'l',
t 4<Ш©1©»аЗ-7 0Гн1т, P.
scrobiculatum fi-f '/ FT? Kodra £ lifti, (cWS £ К Ь й», £ (с^ЖТ'АЖ^^ЕК^
Ъ Сй>6 £ £Е 1'ЬК6. Р. orbiculare(£ < ?'ШМ.9 t ^ВЖ^ОИЖ® £ I'bh, -Т у FK.
t & о < Clayton, R. D. Webster, М. Lazarides fc Р<Г> «t 5 К.ЙЙ £ ^. 6 £, N. L. Bor, Koning &
Sosef 0X5 £ А £>%>. Zt 7- % X / / е Р. longifolium t K!c.]gi' t ОТ*,
ЯОоТт'Г'й» ЕД'Зйй'-СТ < Ъ. 7 9'rj7 < •y-'-./ffrO Rijksherbarium OJ04^®K-frb£i7c Konig&
Sosef(1985)ОClayton £ < AT 1'6 t О £ СТ#^Г7х 6.
Perennial growing on wet soil in warm regions. Culms loosely tufted with short rhizomes,
40-80 cm tall; leaf-blades 7-25 cmX3-7(-10) mm; mostly glabrous, with a few long hairs at
the mouth of glabrous sheath; only the lowermost leaf sometimes loosely hairy on the sheath
and blade; ligules 0.5-2 mm tall. Inflorescence consisted of 3-6 racemes; racemes 3-6 cm long,
with spikelets densely arranged in 2 (rarely 3) rows, with a few long hairs at axils. Spikelets
light-green, elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 2-2.5 mm long, glabrous; lower glume absent; the
upper covex on adaxial side; lemma of the first floret sterile, flat, as long as spikelet; lemma
of second floret coriaceous, lustrous, brown at maturity. Chromosome number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon, s. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), tropical Asia and
Australia. REFER. Clayton(1974): 101. Webster(1987): 179. Hara et al.(1978): 139. Bor(196W:
334, 339. Hsu(1974): 585-586. Konig & Sosef(1985): 279-318.
594
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +
IT l№MH'iJI(', nr.rrП - ffimllll X Я, llll'Vli X 17. ЮЖ1* VIII 30
595
E? SASAKiBi[Jap.] Palm GRASs[Eng.]
Setaria palmifolia (Koenig) Stapf, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 42:186(1914).----Panicum pal-
mifolium Koenig(1788).-----Chamaeraphis palmifolia (Willd. ex Poir) Kuntze(1891).—P.
neurodes Schult.(1824).
ft£ 30-60cm, *g 3 - 7cm,
0^2.9, 1йол5т,
1Ш1?Ш 20-40cm, Sbfc'hSm-C'NS’m 'bftoStfi
d'Mgfe, Ш, Д^шПппп, -эхМ, 2'I'ftfrbitb.
•ГЪЬЪМ-'ЬТт&й; Lx^£-cW,
01/2, ЗЯ ^--/й1§ад^хД^йЧ'Й0 3/4, 5-7M-44E(r^4'ft)0»i*-ott
ft<, 5Я iMof-g, 2ГЬ/ИЛ fcL
%пЭДо-ч 9 й'Л^^йй'оХИйоЛ^^й^,
|Ш;К, AKm. 2n —36-54.
(Ш8-9Я. (Ж) ЛЛ-1ЖЭД, 5КЯ ®77M, 75>7©MW<M ФЛ7/П, *-
л ь 7 у тс^Л, * Л УЖйга* d. (Isi^ot*'?) 7cm JU±t-%Zt?>.
KWLXl't>E.bLl'^i>ft:*’'^>b(®}iJsL»fr 1 ^fcot, 0ttai>lc^
•У-+ t’WMbhtM d'Wtcue/jtZj:<, Фй0^иНФО!Х1'б01>НЙо^4 7 1. (/
-1) • У n^t’/OJ: *) - а й‘ЬХ,
Broad-leaved perennial growing in warm-temperate to tropical forests. Culms 1-1.8 m tall.
Leaves lanceolate, 30-60 cm X 3-7 cm, distinctly plicate longitudinally, with very low ligules
and sparse long hairs on the mouth of leaf-sheaths. Panicle 20-40 cm long, 4-10 cm wide;
branches very rough, bearing many branchlets with bristle-like tips. (fig. BR) Spikelets 3 mm
long, green, ovate, mucronate at apex, 2-flowered; the lower floret sterile and the upper fertile.
Lower glume 1/2 as long as the spikelet, 3-nerved; upper glume 3/4 as long, 5 to 7-nerved.
Lower lemma longest, as long as spikelet, 5-nerved, with small, hyalin palea. Upper lemma
coriaceous, with incurved margins embracing palea of the same texture, and with stamens
and pistil. Chromosome number 2n = 36-54.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; s. Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widely ranged in tropical Asia. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 290-291. Key to Setaria spp.... Ohwi(1965): 180. Koyama(1987): 319-321.
Webster (1987): 211. Gilliland(1971): 157.
596
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
XO. 82
S:««WHlWiU X.30, XI. 14
597
Ko-SASAKiBi[Jap.]
Setaria plicata (Lam.) T. Cooke, Fl. Bombay 2: 919(1908).-Panicum plicalum Lam.(1798).
---P. excurrens Trin.(1828).-S. excurrens (Trin.) Miq.(1867).-P. paucisetum Steud.
(1854).
80-130cm, Ъ ft о X, 4IX*
Jft£ 20-30cm, I® 1 - 3cm, £b. F77©1#
©£^XUX*UXWOO-,-C, £?8©n^£^biCitX*^ft^a4M, tfriJSSofl
iftb. 15-ЗОсш, ФШХ&гЁ-С$*6о£, ftfX^ffii 1 - 3 Ф
BtX^fei 3.4mm IXi*. fatiM, 2'hTE^feftS. %,—S^tXjPF)
ftftPK, 5Ж, gStX'NgOfcff 1/3, М-Ф^ХД^Р^Х', Jft^X'HSO 2/3-3/4. i%K5-
7111^-Э. $-Ф7Е(ТЛ'оФ7Е)1Х^-с, %©§ВЬХ<Н»£1ч1Д, Ot5 tnc7Шк4-И. Ж-
№хт^Шй>£>0, ад-С'-Ж^Й^Ь, WffilctX»fflft^Lb^<, й
Яойаи i tr, X,L^, i&T-ffc. Ф1©ЙШ>М'Ш5
gt' 1 *<ОИ€(ФЙ©^^)*‘ЖФ %©L, tHftl4©t**‘t &*>. SfefeftlX 2n = 72.
ITEMS) 9-ЮЛ. M) WH, m. ФВЛЙЮ, ^|^-х7й«()-(7К, *н-/цс^.
* 4 У8?^1Хг< У X'Otftfo. (1ё)£<л*'£') Й;1'^Л'Г®1'ЖГ>7сй^бД^-У-У-Ц=- b'ift-й-С, ffi©4
* Writ I Ъ.
...ж#1х*аз-7сш, 4'WXW, ^z>HE<o«LfciXS7’fcfci,'.
....MztiXfe' 1 - 3cm, 'ЖШ'ДОИ, &~>J'TE©«LblXgfc'<>.
Large perennial under forest in warm regions. Culms tufted, erect, 80-130 cm tall; leaf-
blades narrowly lanceolate, 20-30 cm X1-3 cm, distinctly plicate, with narrowed bases into
petiole-like stalks in lower leaves; sheaths hairy near mouth; ligules a fringe of very short
hairs. Panicle erect, 15-30 cm long; branches 1-3 per node, ascending, spike-like with many
appressed spikelets. Spikelets usually green, narrowly oblong, acute at apex, about 3.4 mm
long; lower glume 5-nerved, about 1/3 as long as spikelet; upper glume 5 to 7-nerved, 2/3-3/4
as long. First floret sterile, with papery lemma as long as spikelet; second floret fertile,
bisexual, with coriaceous lemma glossy and distinctly rugose on surface. Some spikelets with
a long bristle arising from the base of pedicel. Chromosome number 2n = 72.
DISTR. Japan (Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan, s. Chines Continent, Malaysia, India to Nepal.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 290-291. Bor(1960): 364.
598
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +
ffl ' X 10
599
4 у *7 lNU-AWA[Jap.]
Setaria chondrachne (Steud.) Honda, Journ. Fac. Sci. Tokyo Univ. Bot. Ser. 3(1): 234 (1930).
---Panicum chondrachne Steud.(1854).-S. matsumurae Hack, ex Matsum.(1897).—P.
matsumurae Hack.(1899), name only.
L-C^x.6, IX® $ 50-80an,
ft£ 20-40cm, ♦В5-15яи,
$ 15-30cm, *gl.5-4cm, fit
If6to<. gJ 1-2.4mm, UfHoOK 0 - 2
й'»о<. fi^(X/J^o 1/2-2/5, M-z3^X2/3-3/4
о. litntKg, ЖаШ'йКбЦ
t'-cftfc. &feftfX 2n = 38.
С7ЕИ0) 8-10Й, (Ж) *ОтШШЭ), ISIS, ЛЖ. Ш(Ш), ФЯШ.
1X13:$:. (1ё)^<л*' £*) Kt' 9 ^Л'^c:fe:fcЫгfcgl’®;g, 1
'НЙ©ЙЭД£ i ») g < М-Ж Ф
2/3-3/4 ©Й 2ЪЯ-ОЖК $’£Ж^-ГН1Х'|й|Й1Хйт. 13 $:© < i h t. ЯЖ 9 * 5 К % О»
$-f Ztl\
Perennial in the forest, with long rhizomes covered with papery scales. Culms 50-80 cm tall,
branched near base, glabrous. Leaf-blades linear lanceolate to linear, 20-40 cm X 5-15 mm,
thin in texture, with scabrous margins; sheaths ciliate on margins; ligules low, barely seen,
fimbriate on margins. Panicle 15-30 cm X 1.5-4 cm, with many short branches alternately
arranged on main rachis. Spikelets rather lax, several to 20 per branch, ovate, 2-2.4 mm long,
green to yellowish-green, bearing 0-2 bristles at base. Lower glume encircling the base of
spikelet, 1/2-2/5 as long as spikelet; upper glume 2/3-3/4 as long, 5-nerved. Lemma of first
(asexual) floret nearly as long as spikelet, thick membranous, 5-nerved; lemma of second
(bisexual) floret as long, coriaceous, smooth, embracing the palea by its incurved margin,
falling down with grains in them. Chromosome number 2n = 38.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), s. Korea, s. China. REFER. Clayton(1986): 290-
291. Clayton(1978): 501-509. Lee(1966): 21-22.
600
AP: Apex of bristle.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
# ’ Йй|Мт-ф1Т1гК X.17. A'»Blll XI 20
601
7* *7 AwA[Jap.] Italian MiLLET[Eng.]
Setaria italica (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost. : 51 (1812).-Panicum italicum L.C1753).—P.
germanicum Mill.(1768).-S. germanica (Mill.) Beauv.(1812).
0.5-1.8m,
-45сш, (й 1-3.5cm, ® < tli <!: A,
Lt. £Wfi£8-25cm, Ж’£ 2-4cm©nS®i^9, inftiWilb. 'J'WfSO, g2.5-3m,
4Жо^о$|1-гёЖо^Ь/с%о)й'^>-эх, SStl'b
SCXJKW, l-3K?i^-c<Hg©O^t 9g<. DbfM@{,
ЙЙКЙ5 1/2И£Шп№ЪЪ.
mw, W-x 9 -ClOOFWaflS <.
2n=18.
(7ЕЯВ8-10Л. U'bh. *< й^1±^^Й!С7Д< El*-CVffl£
©Г>£о£ЬХШШХ£В^1С^Ь;К7сй', 9 4 У^П'С/ К. (1^лй'£'1 tttE
ЙР(1942)(Х р ^.Нж^£О1ЬШЧ©<>гЬ?>/Л 77Ш
51(Ж1ЬУс)^'7Е^1)‘й'ЖЙ’СЙЙ^(^Ь'ШФ'С-1Хе">-б'$ Lt:5l?ft-,-C^H}fXt')-r^Zi', / п » /#
ile-T. 7 7(**77)К1ЯС. ^/J'S!, ^»g 1cm &. Ж
»Xfi$4-12cm, %О^ШХо 9 LZCV\
Cultivated, large annual. Culms 0.5-1.8 m tall; leaf-blades 20-45 cmx 1-3.5 cm; ligules under
0.5 mm tall, ciliate on margins. Panicle very dense, cylindrical, 8-25 cmx 2-4 cm, nodding to
pendulous, with many primary branches bearing dense spikelets and appressed to the main
rachis. Spikelets nearly globose, 2.5-3 mm in diam., bearing 1-4 bristles at base of pedicel;
lower glume small, 1 to 3-nerved, enclosing the base of spikelet; upper glume several-nerved,
slightly shorter than spikelet. Sterile lemma as long as upper glume, accompanied with hyalin
palea about 1/2 as long. Not jointed under spikelets; and imperfectly jointed only under fertile
florets. Grains globose, enclosed by coriaceous lemma and palea, glossy yellow at maturity,
not readily falling down. Chromosome number 2n=18.
DISTR. Native to China and widespread as a crop in the world. In Japan rare now. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 290-291. Bor(1973): 362. Koyama(1987): 328-329. Hsu(1974): 617.
602
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE + 1'®
%: VIU. 26
603
* 7 □ u ENOKOROGusA[Jap.] Green BRiSTLEGRASs[Eng.]
Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 51(1812).----Panicum viride L.C1795).
1^40^. 20-80cm,
ft£5-20cm, tI5-18mm, t -CWd~C, 9 l^lil
^©^©?iJiZc5. < £a< .
П, S23-6cm, Я#ОФШ-»ХЙ&ОЙ^&'ЙФФЬ. ФЙ1Ш 1.8-2.3mm, 3 - 7
3-4te. $-'1/3-2/51
9, »х^Я-с«^4>Ъ, ^9«ЛЯК1йй>-,-с[^Яой^й<.
i ?fefeW2n=i8.
(ТЕЯ!) 7-10Я. (Я-fli) «it, *Л1, ИЯ, Л7Н, №r<ioj. №№'ЬЮ&й»ИХ
ГД < ))Ж 9 d 7'Й?1&!ХФаКа - Р 'У о < Ь lfcO£,W'»
?Е/?оФИ11сиа&ой-=ё^?5<к, ^НШ'ЙЙ£ 4>МФ, 1.8-2.3mm, ^-(ТЧ£)
ф/Ео^^Ш-'НЕо^Ф-,ЙНfein', $ip-gti^-o5ЙШ6(tHtc^fe©i
+x/3P£jtf^), —^СА5 £1-.Й£оФШ'Зи>'. (7-М ФШЖЛ(1987)Я, 7->
7©^/ р Р/-ШЗ-О ->']\ЦйЧ'2<, ЛН1^й‘Й<. ЙЖО&3>К-й5(э-
р -у LHLHiOT.^fefcOK^L, 6fe)iLt, Zivfc subsp. minor(Thunb.)T. Koyama £
J: A,-01'5.
Weedy annual common in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, erect, 20-80 cm tall. Leaf-blades
5-20 cm x5-18 mm, glabrous; sheaths split to the base; ligules a fringe of hairs. Panicle very
dense, cylindrical, 3-6 cm long, usually erect, sometimes nodding; rachis covered with long,
soft hairs. Spikelets oblong, 1.8-2.3 mm long; involucral bristles 3-7 under each spikelet, 3-4
times as long as spikelet, upwardly scabrous, green, sometimes tinged with violet. Lower
glume 1/3-2/5 as long as spikelet; upper glume nearly as long, 5-nerved. Lemma of the first
(sterile) floret papery, nearly as long as spikelet. Second floret fertile; lemma coriaceous,
smooth, embracing the palea of the same texture. At maturity the spikelet falling entire
Chromosome number 2n = 18.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in
temperate to warm-temperate regions of the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 290-291. Edit.
Tutin(1980):263-264. Koyama(1987): 326-328.
604
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
xO.8
605
I? • Tlffffi VI 7
?'>'?Х2П’П HAMA-ENOKORO[Jap.]
Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. var. pachystachys (Franch. et Savat.) Makino et Nemoto, Fl.
Jap.: 1499(1924’).-Panicum pachystachys Franch. et Savat.(1879).
S Zc X.Ъ1 /-Л J:»)
ftK* о -ей $ 5- 15cm, ЖТ^-Г,
ft$l-4cm, 10-25*ОЙ-=ЁЙ^
ot, й^1Д$Я'Й©4-5^4!), i'OjOfe,
(03) 7-9 Я. (Ж) «Ж, ШИ, Affl, « ТОЮ, ФВ1
oh, ^вдй*. 7Ю»Ч&< fcot, Ж^й^/=» «=> /-•гк1й<И'-с< ъ. соФИ
й‘-с-с < ъ. Ш=Шй£оИМ®й®&'(''-^ п rut^fgfe, х/зв/••нхрЖ
fc)&fi$.LTl'£. N.N. Tsvelev(1976, 84) ййШ®МтШ(по. 1447, L. Savatier, LE)&*
-С, c©№W/'') 7йФВИ^-л*х4т?, rhM ЙВ*Й, telhtfirjK^^iKLZc^, Й-=Ё
tlfcOgl'fcfrt&M&Lfc’lsO-C, H*®?£®#х_£Шз£Ж<£''-^7 Й iflill', РЧ^оф
Ю 4> & < t£> tc к o L ® fohъ.
Small annual growing in rock-crevices along the seashore. Culms 5-15 cm tall, much more
branched than the typical phase, with ascending branches. Leaf-blades mostly lanceolate,
stiff, bordered with white margins; ligules a fringe of long hairs. Panicle dense, oblong to
ovate. 1-4 cm long, light green to purplish. Involucre bristles 10-25 clustered under the
spikelet, 4-5 times as long as spikelet. Anthers y’ellowish-brown.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Quelpart, Taiwan, s.
Chines Continent. REFER. Clayton(1986): 290-291. Tsvelev(1976,84): 676. Koyama(1987): 328.
BRI: й-=ё«—SK Part of involucre brislle.
МЛ: h Margin of leaf-blade. S & BRI: 'МЙ <!: Й Spikelet & bristles.
606
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
VIII. 20
607
□ П Он-ENOKOROtJapJ
Setaria хруcnocoma (Steud.) Henrard ex Nakai, Journ. Jap. Bot. 15: 393(1939).-Panicum
pycnocomum Steud.(1854).----P. viride L. var. gigantea Franch. et Savat.(1879). — S.
gigantea (Franch. et Savat.) Makino(1911).--P. comosum Steud., Synops. Pl. Gram.: 417
(1854), not of Steud. ibid. 53(1853).
b %. Ъ 1 ^-C, г. < , So® 40-150cm.
$ 15-30cm, Ш 8-20mm, ЙФ-ФЙС зс / з p Lfi L,
UftGftt'o 6-18cm, *S2cm KM, *frc'cД©ЙF.K'MI
7 -л о У Vi ЙЕ. 2-3.5®. 2n=18.
(Ш6-8Л (5H>) *Ж НВ. ЛЯ ЙЕЖ W. ФВЖЛ££Ь^- v -хуЖК.
* < УИНН*. О-Н л p^toKli, л/зр/«'>ййгМ7 7Кй:5^
iotiii, Ж1^!ХЛТЙЙ?Х«t oW
гп-7 л р&ГРЬШЕ, ГеШаЙ^ЖИLfc. ря;хЕ£>ЫЖЖ©^
d <> i (с. P. comosum Steud. i $ fritz Й EUfeO p. 53 ic 7 x !)
T’Wtlli Efc£< й^<ЭЙШ^1йЖ£ЛТЛ'й C йтЗ© p.458 О^1Ф"С P.pycnocomum
*>©-?£>*. 1867^^^©И^Ш^ф^ШХ>'«-Г2>Е1ви^«, г 5 Efcii
A robust annual growing in grassland or woodland, and its hybridity was demonstrated by
H. Kihara <1938) on the experiment making an artificial hybrid between S viridis and S.
italica. Though resembling S. viridis, distinctly larger in general size; culms 40-150 cm tall,
leaf-blade stiffer 15-30cm X8-20mm, panicle very dense, inclined, 6-18cmX1.5-2cm, charac-
terized by its lobed appearance shooting many subcylindrical to oblong lobes. Spikelets
oblong, slightly larger than those of S. viridis, falling entire at maturity. While the panicle of
S. italica shooting many nearly globose lobes, and the spikelets roundish to ovate, jointed
under the fertile (second) floret, but not under the spikelet. So fertile floret fall down turning
yellow at maturity leaving glumes on pedicel.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; All Japan from Hokkaido to Ryukyus). Korea, China, wide-
spread in Eurasian Continent. REFER. Clayton(1986): 290-291. H. Kihara (1938) Cytologia9:
24-26. Nakai(1939). 392-393. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 677.
608
BRI: d'ffi F <оф||-=g Involucral bristle under spikelet
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE t'iS
« : VI. 14
609
AKl-NO-ENOKOROGUSA[Jap.J
Setaria faberi Herrm., Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 10: 51(1910).-S. macrocarpa Lucznic(1937).—
S. autumnalis Ohwi(1938).
BS 40-100crn.
fi?10-30cm, Ш8-20тт, A-о 5 JLSifc t tf ЬЬ , 1) fS
fiiS^L, 1 tub, ФЙ<ЬЙС7Г^£Гн1?Кои-с, НЙМ
$5-10cm, ЙШ&, 2.8-Зтш, Ь,
ftSfi'MgO 1/3-2/5, ^A-SSgti'J'l
о 2/3-3/4 ©fiSt, *Ф1Е(Я144<Юо±ШШЖ 1Л1-6. ^ •(Mtt)d'TEo^(m
iRlft. MJrffiZnofcotj-c, &Ё
frit 2n = 36.
С7ЕЯЯЗ 8-10Я. (Я-ВД «О, */H, ИЯ, Л/H, ^<Ao5. ->xy-, v- У •/, m ФЯК
ИУЙШФВИМ. (|п)г<7)*'?) Oi*'< •) t-ifi, jawrissrtis
frv.
--7 = p '/V...1.8-2.3mm,
(p. 604 Й Sb),
7 + 7 7 3 p 7'-У-..d'ffiitfi £ 2.8-3mm, Ь ВД ЬЙЧ<В < , Wtt'bi’EoJdW
<ЯЩ-Г£® Sb). ££ГМ€-. №lfli^&<,
йЧЙНТй*»*.
Weedy annual in inhabited areas. Culms tufted, erect. 40-100 cm tall. Leaf-blades 10-30
cm X8-20 mm, usually sparsely hairy above; sheaths split to the base, with fimbriate margins;
ligules a fringe of hairs. Panicle very dense, cylindrical, 5-10 cm long, nodding, light green te
purplish. Spikelets oblong, 2.8-3 mm long, involucral bristles a few under each spikelet,
upwardly scabrous, 3-4 times as long as spikelet. Lower glume 1/3-2/5 as long as spikelet,
3-nerved, upper glume 2/3-3/4 as long as spikelet, revealing the upper 1/3 of the second floret.
Lemma of the first (.sterile) floret, papery, 5-nerved, as long as spikelet. Second floret fertile;
lemma coriaceous, smooth, embracing the palea of the same texture. At maturity, the spikelet
falling entire. Chromosome number 2n-36.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Ussurie, Sakhalin, Korea,
China. REFER. Clayton(1986): 290-291. Key to Seiaria spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 180. Koyama
(1987): 319-321. Mizushima(1960): 61-64.
610
НА: Hairs of the ligule. BRI: d'ffi F<O)W Li Involucral bristle under spikelet
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE ttWfii
^7 Г*)- ZARATSUKJ-KNOKOROGUSA[Jap.] ROUGH BRISTLE-GRASS [Eng.]
Setaria verticillata (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost.: 51(1812).-Panicum verticillatum L.C1762).
30-100cm. 5-30cm, *g 4-13mm, 1 £ ft S. ft£3-
lOcnKOH&ttt'&fe, &Ф£ < ййП- £^t'£иЬН,
^О"Ж116«£114 < , ЙП'ФЙ^й>Тй£r-oi'-c $Ъ-э <. Ф>х£ < tiTfc 1
jfcipgtiSS 3 -8nun, Ы,>4Ш. Ф1ШДЗ
2-2.3mm, ffipw, 1М$М#одт»Н/2,
£А,£*йй, ЖЖ-С5-6М^<>^.
= p^*£^6Zcv\ 3fefeftt± 2n=18, 36, c.54.
(08) 4-9 Я. (ttffi) Йэ-р t-xnv?,
£К<ШЕ. Л#1, ЙЯсй'бййЙССЙЯ$П-С1'2>. Н/ИйЙз-руЛ (BS
отй^-j -Лй^^Ф-с^фьПй^©^, Д!№х*с< ТЙ£<о<ЬИ^'
^>ot $'6'о< 7Ett, Т|й1-Г2>'ЬЙй'^Э1^<0 3^-Сй4>Н->оП?>. ФЙ^ФФФ^и. (7-Н4
ял/ з р у -у- S.xdecipiens Schimp.(1857) = S. viridisxS. verticillata <<ХЛ:#^ФШ^й®^ё1Х££ <,
OcDj&ti-y1/ -у^л/ з p /'-у- £ laJ^lfc'zA N.N.Tsvelev < лШ-
/ з p у-у-^-й-Гб. £1Х$ЕЙ^т-ШЕВДгнт1'бо-с, л/ з p у-у-©шн>
£>«£ LT®5 г £<ij®S-C<-xyi:l'£, iKci'5.
Adventive annual occasionally found in inhabited areas of warm regions. Culms erect, 30-
100 cm tall. Leaf-blades 5-30 cm X4-13 mm; ligules a fringe of short hairs. Panicle dense,
cylindrical, green, 3-10 cm long, often interrupted below; rachis not soft-hairy, rough with
retrorsely spinulose hairs. Spikelets 2-2.3 mm long, mostly with a involucral bristle below;
bristles 3-8 mm long, retrorsely scabrous. Lower glume about 1/2 as long as spikelet; upper
glume and the lemma of first floret as long as the spikelet, both papery, 5 to 6-nerved. Lemma
of the second floret coriaceous, embracing the palea of the same texture. Spikelets disar-
ticulating under the glumes, falling entire. Chromosome number 2n=18, 36, c.54.
DISTR. Native to s. Europe. Introduced to warm and subtropical regions of the world. In
Japan occasionally recorded from southern Honshu, Kyushu and Ryukyus. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 290-291. Edit. Tutin(1980): 263. Webster(1987): 215-216. Gould(1975): 553. Koyama
(1987): 326. Tsvelev(1976,84): 678-679.
612
BRI: 'J'MTF®fiJ4b Involucral bristle under spikelet.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
IT M’iPIlM.’ 1'4 Ж IV 17
613
^r>X/3U KiN-ENOKORo[Jap.] Yellow foxtail [Am.] Yellow bristle GRASs[Eng.J
Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv., Ess. Agrost. 51:178(1812).-Panicum glaucum L., Sp. Pl. :56
(1753).
20-70cm,
10-25cm, ffl3-8m, Iffitif
й'7х<, Wti®#£/x9,
Ъ. 7Е#1*Н£ЙН?Д£ 3-lOcm, £Ш£4 ЯоФЙйЧ!, Ф
WlJCti>^tXZx<, fi£ 2.8-3mm-CjejeSfc^^Ut, ФИ1
S?U7-10mm. 1/2Х-'ЬЙОЖ£В&£
ЗЖ ®г.'Э^хз/5-2/зт?5Ж, ^-(&tt^6Wtoi£
т#Ж-е. Шй'^йч«ЖЬЬй‘@/гЪ, ^Sfe,
< «>-С^й»Йк 9 Ъ. 2п=36.
(ТЕМЯ) 8-ЮЛ. (ЗЯ?) «й, *Я ИИ, ЛЯ1, ЙЕ«. :ltWO®^»blOWM5. Н/|Й
И75УХ. (|5)£<7)Л'£-) й^аой-^, <«ж,
£ 7х £ /Ай®. Я-ЙДФ = 'У ?'+ 'У / з р £ (7—b) =Т v * / =" о <гу¥%<г>
£'?£'> tc Panicum glaucum <0 Т < -ой'О^Овй'^ЖО^-СЛ-э tl'-б G. £/01970^
L, ^©LEntiiiiS^ £ L'C^Hbft^ I- tfS'yt'x Pearl millet (Pennisetum ameri-
canumX^fcb£©ШЙ<. tШитйШПЖ
И/Х1'й», £<O«t©Hb£U&^*£.®bh.$ E. E. Terrell (1976ЖЙЧ-, mi
glauca 4'^’Cfc.
Weedy annual in arableland. Culms tufted, erect from ascending bases, 20-70 cm tall,
glabrous and smooth except the uppermost part tomentose with curved hairs. Leaf-blades 10-
25 cm x3-8 mm, glaucous-green above, green and rather glossy beneath; sheaths rather
compressed and keeled on back; ligules a series of short hairs. Panicle spike-like, cylindrical,
3-10 cm long, covered with golden-yellow bristles; the rachis rough with short spinulose hairs.
Spikelets broadly ovate, 2.8-3 mm long, with clustered bristles 7-10 mm long. Lower glume 1/2
as long as spikelet, 3-nerved; the upper 3/5-2/3 as long, 5-nerved; lower lemma membranous,
nearly as long as spikelet; fertile lemma coriaceous, whitish when ripe, rugose with transverse
veinlets on surface. Spikelets falling entire at maturity. Chromosome number 2n = 36.
DISTR. Japan (Very common; Hokkaido. Honshu. Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Wide-
spread in the temperate to subtropical regions of the world. REFER. Clayton(l979): 501-503.
Webster(1987): 212. Terrell(1976): 297-304. Clayton(1980) Fl. Euro. V: 263. Gould.(1975): 552.
Hara et al.(1978): 145. Koyama(1962): 237.
614
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE + t'i®
in immu;i t 'Wfhii ix :*h
615
3 '7 7 / 30 KoTSUBU-KIN-ENOKORoLjap.]
Setaria pallide-fusca (Schumach.) Stapf et Hubb., Kew Bull. 1930: 259(1930).------Panicum
pallide-fuscum Schumach.(1827).-----S. glauca (L.) Beauv. var. pallide-fusca (Schumach.) T.
Koyama (1962).
4-У--Р7РР..'J'JMafe, 2.8-ЗШ1», нждашб*
|05l'-CiK7-9mm. ШШ±. JLW©» 2п = 36(л(Я5Й).
..........2-2.8mm, KT©
5j&fefe©<>Oitai/v£'fcv\ 5-6™.
2n=72(WS).
СЮТ 8-ЮЛ. (ЯТЮ ШИ, ЛЯ ЙЕ^с. 77VP, т*т, ~7 х у
ЯкЖ 9 < 71W--г. (7- b) W. D. Clayton(1979) 1W.± 2 Й©Ж i Lt, 2U
i L, 3 - P -y ''~-~7 -^7фЙВ, М-Й77УЙ, -f 7 F, t-xi-yj?,
Ж • JtТУ У ЛО5 Cd. toott
R.D. Webster(1987)
ti'd. 1й'19*01р0пС01<Й4А5й9, Pa<tcti±tgSLfcJ; ЙПЬЯЭ
-fTiti'-C, p 7 / zi p ti^jlH-сЧ< , dtjOtctifti,'.
Weedy annual growing in disturbed places of arableland. Though closely allied to S. glauca
(-S. pumila), they are distinguishable as follows:
S. glauca...Spikelets 2.8-3 mm long, ovate, whitish; bristles mostly golden-yellow. Panicle
7-9 mm wide except for the bristles. Chromosome number 2n=36.
S. pallide-fusca Spikelets 2-2.8 mm long, oblong, usually more greenish than those of the
former; bristles mostly tawny to purplish-brown. Panicle 5-6 mm wide except for the bristles.
Chromosome number 2n=72.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Widespread in the tropi-
cal to warm-temperate regions of the world. NOTE W. D. Clayton t1979) studied the upper
two species statistically, and says they are not clear-cut based on the size of spikelets, which
has been thought to be the most important character to define them. However, as far as
concerning Japanese living materials, they are distinguished at a glance in the field. In
addition to, their chromosome number of Japanese plants are different, and S', pallide-fusca
casual or absent in northern Honshu and Hokkaido. REFER. Clayton(1979): 501-509. Haraet
al.(1978): 145. Webster(1987): 187-188.212-213. Koyama(1962): 236-238.
616
HA: ff _ЬЯКО=6 Hairs on upper culm
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
Й ждав?.kTffffli IX. 28
XO. 8
617
~7 % > Я- / 3 О FusHiNE-KiN-ENOKORo[Jap.] Knot-root bristle-grass [Eng.]
Setaria gracilis Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1:109(1816), emend. Kerguelen(1977).—S.
geniculata (Willd. not Lam.) Beauv.(1812).-Panicum geniculatum Willd.(1809), identity
uncertain.
L, 1 < Wfc & i KL < ©f®K:glll|Lt$&tio. $ 10-30cm, 2 - 4шш, £
£ tz >), РШТЕ/f fiHIS^x?, %*
3-7cm, й-=ё«Д
2 3 - 8шш. 2.5-3.Omm, $ © 1/3, 1/2-2/3 &-ФЖТ'
&Ф7Е)©^тФЙ£ ^-ФТЕ(^йФ7Е)о^1х50, WffiMlLb
й‘*оХЙВ1^ЙЙ^Г₽?>. SfefeW 2n = 72.
(ОП7-8Л. (Ж1 1987^, ©Шй
9 4 7£Ш1М. з 7 У=Г/
j-/ < (Uxii'<, A»ox: IX C t> E> й» Setaria geniculata(Lam.)Beauv.(1812) ©35X*J:<f
fi'tl'fc. geniculata ftйй5©гЬ?>, £ I'5 LZnL + ’Z^- / => p & => 7 У> v/ n p 4 1
^±-е1ЁТЖй^х1>й»Ь, ro^oLfcgi©*?,tfe ff,
!5‘ibti5!e>)iWJtt5. (7- H fc*>* R.D. Webster(1987) ft Kerguelen(1977) ©j$±£'J|fflLX,
Setaria geniculata(Lam.)Beauv. £ i' 5 35 JXIS о t йй $ hfc. % ©X?, Panicum geniculatum Lam. t
fiZt< Panicum geniculatum Willd. йЧ©1Й^^ЛС’эХЬ^^, ЕЪЪк? T 7’^Жй'йЪ£1Х1'Х
(Е^йЧХ-э t 9 Lfri'fcft, S.gracilis Kunth
Adventive perennial rarely found in urbane areas. Culms densely fasciculately branched,
slender, stiff, erect, but longer ones often ascending and geniculate near base. Leaf-blades 10
-30 cm X 2-4 mm; sheaths ridged on back; ligules a row of grayish hairs. Panicle dense,
cylindrical, covered with yellow to tawny bristles 3-8 mm in length; rachis 3-7 cm long, rough
with short, stiff hairs. Spikelets 2.5-3 mm long; lower glume 1/3 as long as spikelet; upper
glume 1/2-2/3 as long. Closely resembling to S. pallide-fusca, but is distinguished by ils
perennial habit with short, knotted rhizomes and old cataphylla at the base of culms.
Chromosome number 2n = 72.
DISTR. Widespread in tropical to subtropical regions of the world. In Japan, recorded from
Shizuoka Pref, in 1987. REFER. Gilliland(1971): 159. Hsu(1974): 613-614. CIayton(1978):503.
Webster(1987): 208-209. Kerguelen(1977): 337-349 ... unseen.
618
RH: 18$ Rhizome.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE + 1Ж4+Ь'11
тГтт,
«: йТОй/Ш vm. 2
619
4 lNU-sniBA[Jap.] Buffalo GRASs[EngJ
Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntz., Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 794(1891).--Ischaemum secun-
datum Walter(1788).----Rotlboellia stolonifera Poir.(1804).-S. sarmentosum Nees (1829).
ft? imtUCUo-C,
nt', fhfhKSftofiroHi. Ш, •), S'? 4-iOcm, tso.6-
1cm, ^©ПЙкедШ'Й-Шб. &
ИЖЙ, ft?6~8cm, TCWilBJK <. 3-Й5Г USoMfflO'J'iffi. Ы
111ЙОШЖ 1йо*да©'1< H21BW, ^П^ПОф»Х7ЕВД© <
DiiA, ^ti7EWifXg|ir L ttrih-t, ii^T-Гб. 'MBHft?4-5mm, 2ФГС
*>£>&*. ft?H/hWo 1/4-1/3, $-&lS}i<Mg£|H|ft, ^-ФГЕад^ь-с
&-/КЕ^Й1±Т<Йй>£>2>. ?fcfeW2n=18.
(OD 9-10Я. (Ж)
5. El^trttl9663s d у- 9 A
ygflteii/'> У Л ° v "f (|5)^<7>*'£') t, ^^ZfcTEWK-li&jiiti
?>. (z—H 7 * У Л 4?ft St. Augustine grass i JUi'h-, ЙМ
§U-CfX=f3 7 +'->-< ?П£. , wamw)
-e«ltfe^E®F,3tcA')a!tr<C?i£*''ftV'ti'5. Й*Й?К ®з-₽г^ »,
^--x b ? У 7fct'© 5
Adventive perennial found in sunny grassland in southern districts. Culms stoloniferous,
extensive, mat forming; leaf-blades linear, 4 -10 cm x 0.6-1 cm, obtuse at both ends, flat,
smooth, fresh-green, somewhat fleshy, lustrous; white-hairy only on the mouth of sheath.
Inflorescence spike-like, 6-8 cm long; the rachis broad, fleshy and compressed, many noded,
with one or two spikelets per node. Spikelets sunk in the hollows of rachis; at maturity
disarticulating at the nodes of rachis, and the spikelets falling together with internodes.
Spikelets usually 2-flowered, lower glume subquadrate, 1/4-1/3 as long as spikelet; the upper
nearly of the same length with spikelet; first floret staminate or reduced to only lemma; the
second bisexual and fertile. Chromosome number 2n=18.
DISTR. Native to tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Widely cultivated as lawn
grass in warmer regions. REFER. Clayton(1986): 293-294. Gould(1975): 422. Lazarides(1980):
144. H: & U. Scholz(1983): 328. Webster(1987): 221-222.
620
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE АгкЖ4*131
621
X.
3 J Е Ko-MEHisniBA[Jap.]
Digitaria radicosa (Presl) Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 3:437(1855).-------Panicum radicosum Presl
(1830).----D. timorensis (Kunth) Balansa(1890).-----P. limorense Kunth(1833).------D. formo-
sana Rendle (1904).
Й$ 25-40ст, С'< SfilcPrlUi L7c^7/nf 61СЙ6. £ 1 - 2mm, £ 2.5-
7.5cm, *й 2 - 8шт. t >Я5'Г<, ffigfe. 2 - 4 (i ^1- 5)®<7>$й>Р>7х0.
* e . ££ 4 - 8cm. Wo® h 1 ,&й>6^ OtMbtttctBX, ФЙ1|О^^ c itit h.<'2>6,
9, W. Wirt ft-W, ££2.2-
3.2mm, S-W»'!', ££ 0.1-0.2mm, <t ti. ®gj(t£ £ 0.8-2mm, ФЙО j/4-
2/3f&fi, 1-3llliU>£0, £fcli^4j=£. bJj(4^)d'TE©^«d'«Si|bJ£, 5-7
Ж, ¥m-c-, г^-57сй1К(Х=’ёг^^Ь£-г^|с< 1'7/, 'ЬЙШк |-.)j(W.)d4Eiid'«i Ob
-Гйчс)®<, flight > 0. 'МЙС(£-£Т-Г6. Ш££ 0.6-1
mm, ЙЖИ.Ш1^&Х- 0 it's. &feftfi2n = 18.
(7ЕМЙ) 7-lOJ-j. МЖЫй«Ф)'Н, ИЯ, AM, № -^(cja^L, -?mu,
^--XbvOT, 7 -7 У t> t£ <ЗДЛ. M7tJfeti7l УС'/. (|5) $ (Г> if I') / t
L<, fiiAi'MT;, HBUcl Д 7^611.1 "C, / t7z<OJ: )(c®r7xf>7£l'_ £<ict
^Л'-^-сЛй £, at a £^-^7x4021'% -z> L L / t ->^tcjt^«b
ts. Я 0 (7 — b) 7 t-7z<HtlU& Digitaria chinensis Hornem K-STUbbt
1'7сй\ t НЯ/ t ->^’сойф^7с >Ьй>-э7г. -у К У 7 <r> =j- -r- - yv ^й> £й7г D.
timorensis t |n]ffi t Ъй' 0, H#_£'atti;c^"C7cllr#)7/^'l'7j', Herard J. TH.(1950). Veklkamp J.
R.(1973) ttiM D. radicosa LXl'^O-C^acb-tc^ofc.
Weedy annual growing in semi-shady places of inhabited areas. Culms extensive, with
creeping stolons rooting at nodes; flowering culms erect, 25-40 cm tall. Leaf-blades 2.Э-7.5
cmX2 8 mm, fresh-green, glabrous. Panicle consisted of 2-4(5) racemes 4-8 cm long, usually
digitately arranged on the tip of culm. Rachis of raceme, narrowly winged, smooth on
margins, with paired spikelets in two rows. Spikelets green, lanceolate, 2.2-3.2 mm long;
lower glume minute, triangular, 0.1 0.2 mm long; upper glume 0.8-2 mm, 1/4-2/3 as long as
spikelet, 1 to 3-nerved. Lower (sterile) lemma as long as spikelet, 5 to 7-nerved, smooth;
marginal nerves covered with dense hairs, without spinules on them. Upper (fertile) lemma
coriaceous, yellowish at maturity, disarticulating under glumes. Chromosome number 2n=18.
DISTR. Japan (Common; southern half of Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). Wide-
spread in South-East Asia, naturalized in Australia and Africa. REFER. Clayton(1986): 298-
299. Key to Digitaria spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 182. Veldkamp(1973): 35-37. Wcbster(1987j: 63-64.
622
MA: 0 Margin of rachis.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +f®4+E:'i®
Г Whli VIII. 6
623
J Е S/J't ME-niSHiBA[Jap.] Southern crab-grass [Am. J
Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel., Descr. Gram.: 27(1802).------Panicum ciliare Retz.(1786);
Syntherisma sanguinalis Dulac var. ciliaris (Retz.) Honda (1924).-----P. adscendens H. В. K.
(1815).---D. adscendens (H. В. K.) Henr.(1934).------D. marginala Link(1821).
S 40-70СШ. S 1 - Зои»,
3-15cm, 3-10тш, t г i <> ^>%. ДО
3-8100^1 9 lit», »Xft? 2-Зст сОфйЮЯЬ'Исг t ЗЙКМП -
*Ш0.7ш, оь-э<. d'Wift®2S©1S©’b©a'^&L
Т®£Ш, ft $ 2.5-3.5mm, ft $ 0.25-0.5mm, ^tiKfl^X'ftS l-2.4mi,
/J<Ol/2-4/5ft, ЗЖ^Ъ, T*''J4E(T^)©^ti'J'«Si«iiRA-ra^ M
-ШкМ, айттао-С, ittW, ±ЖШ£)Ф7ШФ$Х Obi'MdE
C, ^}i5Tv^-S, №йЬ*>ОШ'>т< ЬЛ, ^М±йй->-гй8и i
mftS 0.6-lmm, &feW2n = 54.
ITEMS) 7-11Я. (Я-Я) mSKbiUoSm Ъ. МУ
Й»14уК1->7©-?+9Й, ФИ. (|5)^©*'1') ^©Oiosmsb'oc ФШ®£Ж. и-н
s-р D. sanguinalis(L.)Scop. Я J: < -ЙКЯ0СйФс1'й\ 'J'Wtft £ 2.2-3mm,
3'b'Ol’, t) 2n=36 £©,£€’ft
£. у л ) D. sanguinalis Иэ - p у 1 %&Ф"С. < fc6 it' 5.
Weedy annual growing in sunny places of arableland and roadside. Culms extensive with
long creeping bases rooting per node. Flowering culms 40-70 cm tall, with exserted panicles.
Leaf-blades 3-15 cm x3-10 mm, usually nearly glabrous on both surfaces, sometimes densely
villose beneath in the plant growing near the seashore; sheaths usually pilose with mamilla-
based hairs. Inflorescence composed of 3-8 racemes up to 15 cm long, and the racemes
arranged in 2(3) whorls around short mid axis. Rachis of the raceme 0.7 mm wide; the
margins distinctly serrate with minute spinules. Spikelets lanceolate, 2.5-3.5 mm long, lower
glume only 0.25-0.5 mm long; upper glume 1/2-4/5 as long as spikelet. Lower (sterile) lemma
as long as spikelet, ca. 7-nerved; nerves smooth. Anthers 0.6 1 mm; stigmas purple. Chromo-
some number 2n = 54.
DISTR. Common in all Japan. Widespread in warm to tropical regions of the world. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 298-299. Veldkamp(1973): 32-35. Webster(1987): 43-44. Gould(1963): 241-244.
Ebinger(1962): 248-253. Tuyama(1942s): 6-21.
624
MA: 0 Margin of rachis.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
g v/mi; vm. i
625
9—У Е HENRII-MEHISHIBA[Jap.l
Digitaria henryi Rendle, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 323(1904).-Syntherisma henryi (Rendle)
Newbold(1924).-----Panicum henryi (Rendle) Makino et Nemoto(1925).-----------D. sasakii
(Honda) Tuyama(1942).
®S10-20cm, art'll' ibD, BWFlb-C, ft£4-7an, (S
3-5mm, 5lctW< ftfe-T',
Я £ 1.5-2mm. МФ. 0, Ж1'Ф№о±ГЛ?£, ^lOlLT,
1Ш6 c L Atfc < , ft ? 5 - 8cm, -• *) rti# < O'Himt?₽>o
<. d'^WAKtt®, ft S 2.2-2.5imn-C’ft^£l'.
1/2-2/3 ft. TO(^)44E^^rd<L|s]ft, 7at5ff(, ±®ЯЖ-=ЁЧ?, £#п51Мг £ < ГЙЗ
±Л'(^й)'1ЧЕо^ИФФ^!й-с*, Kfe, i*i!gUL<>rJOM£. №
2n=36.
(7ЕМЙ) 8-10JJ. ft£W), » ФНЛЙЖЖ -9
'J'fttbfM'M <, =ЁЙ'>1'. ЙЙ©1Ш^4.
(7-h) J. T. Henrard(1950)tt-f +' У ^<D Kew A. Rendle
/ t У'^ D. ciliaris L i < — Ц515-?;© i 5 ГЙЪН“С1'?>. Ьй'Ь,
^©ЙЙ5ГН1Н^-ОЖ7А?8 0. тй7ьФ^ЗЙНЖ
Гй-э-СЙЛ, -aLtK3UTtSib©t-^>?>. J. F. Veldkamp(1973) ft Г^О<ЫИ11|-Г ЬйЧ L
П/ri'J £1'<.<1'6<оафиип^<1'й1'й>6ч?£65. --JKX^'J'S <, ^Р>йАЧОй‘^<, L
file Нт? <b й«й^й*'О < .
Perennial usually growing on sandy to rocky seashores, with short rhizomes. Culms slender,
often tufted and prostrate, usually with old, decayed, leaves below. Leaf-blades flat, 4-7 cmX
3-5 mm, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acute, rarely acuminate at apices, glabrous, ciliate
only near base; ligules 1.5-2 mm tall; sheaths smooth, glabrous. Inflorescence consisted of 3-
6 racemes 5-8 cm long; old racemes erect and clustered in a bundle, never divergent. Spikelets
lanceolate, 2.2-2.5 mm long, similar to those of D. ciliaris. Chromosome number 2n = 36 (Chen
& Hsu, 1961).
DISTR. Southernmost Japan, in low frequency. Uncertain, but perhaps not uncommon in
South-East Asia. Abundantly naturalized in Hawaii, and the illustration of D. adscendens (H.
В. K.) Henr. of 0. Dogener, “ Flora Hawaiinensis ” is clearly of D. henryi, itself. NOTE. D.
henryi was described from Takao in Taiwan. Though it is allied to D. ciliaris, clearly
distinguishable in the field by its erect and never divergent racemes, by the shorter and
usually not tapering leaves. After J. T. Henrard (1950) recognized it as conspecific with D.
adscendens nearly all the occidental botanists seem to be following him. J.F. Veldkamp
(1973) says “ but the racemes may become spreading ”. These observations must have been
based on the study only in herbarium. REFER. Clayton(1986): 298-300. Henrard(1950): 312.
Webster(1987): 43. Veldkamp(1973): 34. Rotar(1968):247. Tuyama(1942*):13. Hsu(1974):
508. Koyama(1987): 339-340.
626
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE ttWf®
ft . ИШ6Ш1ШМ', *И| X. (i. IX. 1
627
Т 3r Л Е AKi-MEHisHiBA[Jap.] Violet CRAB-GRAss[Ain.l
Digitaria violascens Link, Hort. Reg. Bot. Berol. Desc. 1: 229(1827).------Panicum violascens,
(Link) Kunth(1829).------D. chinensis A. Camus(1923), not Hornem(1819).
®$ 20-50cm. 4- 14cm, fS5-8mm,
t£ >), О ms-tt 5i-
Гй$ 1-1.5mm. Т№ХД< SUttBL, 4-10&ОШ' 6 tgt), S 4-10cm, < (fcfititr L
-f'O-fHXl'Sds «КфООбЛ Шо7Е№Ш 1mm ЖЯ
Ж4, {EiitfffL, SWtftS 1.5-2mm,
Ъ. L Л, ^-^ХФВ<Ый)Д4Л:ИЪ-^й'1С®<, 3®K^<>o. TflWM
©SSttWM Ъ, £ <> >), ±Й‘(Ш
Ф/Е©1ЖШЙ< I, li^< > 4> rio’L^, »L^fc$
A, &feftlt2n = 36.
[7EM0D 8-ЮЛ. (Ж) B*£±, Ш, ФЯй'1Ь7^7, t-*>7<)7, 7 / >j
((5)йлй'i'i / h / l гаЯйк^х, й
(y-b) 0ШИ7 5У/Ь-У/<, 777'7^7
#Ю ® 2 M tf'fd® S ;K “C v' £.
Weedy annual growing in arableland and roadside. Culms rather densely tufted, much
branched from procumbent base, 20-50 cm tall, not stoloniferous. Leaf-blades flat, usually
glabrous, 4-14 cm X 5-8 mm; sheaths laterally compressed, keeled on back, ciliate only at the
mouth; ligules membranous, tinged with light brown. Inflorescence exserted, consisted of 4-
10 racemes subdigitately arranged, 4-10 cm long. Rachis of raceme under 1 mm wide, margins
rough, serrate with minute spinules. Spikelets paired, long and short pedicellate ones, ap-
pressed to rachis, 1.5-2 mm long, oblong, light-green, often tinged with purple; lower glume
usually absent; the upper nearly as long as spikelet, 3-nerved, tomentose with undulate hairs.
Lower lemma 7-nerved, hairy just alike the upper glume. Upper lemma, indurated and glossy,
with obscure nerves; at maturity turning brown, falling down enclosing the grain. Chromo-
some number 2n = 36.
DISTR. Japan (Common in all regions). Widespread in the tropical to subtropical regions
of Asia, America and Australia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 298-299. Webster(1987): 70. Key to
Digilaria spp. ... Ohwi(1965): 182. Koyama(1967): 336. Veldkamp(1973): 63-66.
628
HA: S3Jz<0=6 Hair on L, & G2. MA: 6 Margin of rachis.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE + ЬЖ4+13Ж
'I'WrlT X.12
629
7 *7 У X t > >^ГХ| 'Г»
A«AuE-ivmiusniBAUap.J
Digitaria violascens Link var. lasiophylla (Honda) Tuyama, Joum. Jap. Bot. 18:15(1942).
---D. ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. var. lasiophylla Hiyama(1937).
(ж) в*, м/йнжт
D. violascens is very polymorphic. This variety is distinctly more gracile than typical phase,
with smaller, lanceolate leaves covered with long, soft hairs. A few culms tufted, with
inflorescensce consisted of 2 or 3 racemes.
DISTR. Japan, KoreaCIns. Quelpart). Rare.
»> X У 7 t L)
UsUGE-AKI-MEHISHIBA[Jap.]
Digitaria violascens Link var. intersita (Ohwi) Ohwi, Fl. Japan: 146(1953).-D. ischaemum
(Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. var. intersita Ohwi(1942).
O52-3M-,
2>. ; i * + ^-7 у -у-, -у- 7 I- 7 / У-, f 7 4г4гз i>, tt/ Ayf-?,
у i r Ш’>747 (ЗНЮ В/МФЙ? 9 T y'i
This variety is quite similar to the last one in general habit. Only a few culms tufted, not
decumbent below, glabrous except only a few to several cilia on the sheath. It is growing on
boggy, acidic soils, accompanied with Utricularia spp., Lobelia sessilifolia, Salmonia oblongi-
folia, Deinostema violaceum etc. This variety seems to have quite different ecological char-
acteristics from the weedy typical phase.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan ? Rare now. REFER. Clayton(1986): 298-299. Veldkamp(1973):66.
630
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
'' xO. 85
Hi: IX.23
631
t KiTA-MEHisiiiBA[Jap.] Smooth crab-grass[AtoJ
Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl.. Desc. Gram.: 131(1817). Panicum is-
chaemum Schreb.(1804). Synlherisma ischaemum (Schreb.) Nash(1912). 1), humifusa
Pers.(1805).----P. kumifusum (Pers.) Kunth(1829).-------P. minutiflorum Steud. (1854).
UKW^imUlW?, SU 20-35c.il. ШШ'Ш?
ft$2-6em, ШШ', $ limn Я E. К 2 - 3
1.9-2.5шш, gg—L(7
t^v), $~(*&)^7EoOUX51IlK, t 4
ьъ. ®-(^й)Ф7е«^^ф?й1:|й1й, яж<9, ш, ^boWfcH-дат
9. SfefeftlX 2n = 36.
ЮТ 8-10)3. (Ж) Г:Шй,
ЛФ^©--7>7 - 7> УЛХМ»<М
(|S)£<7>*'£') 7 + /t>xtJtgLtA5.
7 + >e->z<..ФШХД$ 1.5-2nm, WWX&t 9-S>< W,
яяняаг t tg < иеди-т Mb'.
...'hWXfti* 1.9-2.5mm, < ЬЪ, hili.
5 9i^<
tfc N. N. Tsvelev (1984) lX/J'Sg©SS(7*> t->z< 1.3-1.6mm : * л t 1.6-2.4mm) O^K-jp
x, W 7 * к t •>,<te}±^-/J'7Etcrt^^
Annual closely resembling to D. violascens Link, they are distinguished from each other as
follows (J. Ohwi).
D. violascens...Spikelets 1.5-2 mm long, rather flat on the outer face; hairs of spikelets
undulate, not thickened at tip. Chromosome number 2n = 36.
D. ischaemum....Spikelets 1.9-2.5mm long, rather convex on the outer face; hairs of
spikelets at least somewhat thickened or recurved at tip. Chromosome number 2n=36.
In addition to, D. ischaemum is generally smaller in plant size, less branched, and the lower
glume present; while in D. violascens usually absent.
DISTR. A few samples have been recorded from Hokkaido and Honshu; they may be
introduced plants. The dried specimens used for the drawing were collected on Tottori-dune
along the Japan Sea, and it seems noteworthy that their spikelets attaining 2.7 mm long or
more. D. violascens widespread in the tropical to subtropical regions of the world, while D.
ischaemum in cooler regions. REFER. Clayton(1986): 298-300. Hubbard(1984): 369. Webster
(1987): 53. Tsvelev(1976,84): 1015. Tuyama( 1942“):15.
632
HA: Polymorphic hairs of spikelet.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
V Ukishiba [Jap. J
Pseudoraphis ukishiba Ohwi, Acta Phytotax Geobot. 10:273(1971).--------P. squarrosa (L. fil.)
Chase var. depauperala (Hook, fil.) Hara(1941).
20-60cm, ^ЖФ^ТЁ
fi$2-4cm, t§2-5mm, t Ш£|нЦ%-С, & $ Inn
15-25ппОф«*>Ь 15-30 ШМЬ, &0фЖй<
^h^'hi . ФЙКГ < Si'fi-cKcfft й$4-5м,
W, *.7Е(Ж-Ф7Е)1:В7Е(^-Ф7Е)о2Ж7Ей^/Х:?>. £ 0.7mm,
fsjfi, Ш9-7М, §§1'5JR^
0. Й8Шй;Я$О1/2ЙТ, ЙМОИ^й'й< 2й, L -< 2 1В£Й < . ? О.бшп. й
0.8mm. №Ш', L-< 2 0 . ©Ъ^*фй>
1ЬЖЙОФФЙ£Й<. 1.5mm.
M) 7-9 Я. (Ж) *ffl, ШИ, Л^0Ж®ЙФ»ЖФ<с(ХЖ, ФФ$К ФЯ ? 44
(1ч)й:<7>*'£') < tot, ^(ift$ 2-4cm,
ГТЕф^йШЖй <t&±© 1Ж£ t McTKulUZn 0,
^•^oj tlfii-. (У—1) -k d p v £ 0 P. depauperata (Nees) Keng t |s|ffi t Ж ?> ЙЙ? t
Ж t Ф&ЙМй»#» 0, SZc/T - я ь =j !) 7 jg<7) P. paradoxa (R. Br.) Pilger ©ЙФ® 11'5
6<0t, $ o5Sf!4t-X -С, П Ш orti P. ukishiba Ohwi
Aquatic perennial growing in shallow water. Main culms creeping in water, up to 80 cm
long, with erect, flowering branches 20-60 cm tall; leaf-blades floating or immersed, lan-
ceolate, 20-40 mm x 2-5 mm, as long as sheaths; ligules about 1 mm tall, with erose and short
ciliate upper margins. Panicle 3-6 cm long, partly enclosed in the uppermost leaf-sheaths;
many capillary branches clustered on the main axis; each branch nearly erect, bearing only
one (rarely 2), subsessile spikelet closely appressed to the midpoint of the branch. Spikelet
2-flowered; lower glume 1/7-1/6 as long as spikelet; the uppor 4-5 mm long, faintly 7 to
9-nerved. First floret staminate; lemma 5-nerved, nearly as long as the upper glume; palea
hyalin, under 1/2 length of lemma; stamens 2; anthers 0.6 mm long. Second floret fertile; both
lemma and palea hyalin, 0.8 mm long. Grains 1.5 mm long.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu;, Korea, China? REFER. Clayton(1986):302.
Webster(1987): 195-199. Hara(1941): 397-398. Koyama(1987): 380-382,525-526.
634
AP: Apex ol branch. GR’: №811 Young grain embraced with L.&P.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE HWCI
«: vni.i9
635
Edauchi-chikara-shibaI Jap.]
Pennisetum orientale L. C. Rich, in Pers., Synop. Pl. 1:72(1805).------ Panicum orientate
(L. C. Rich.) Willd.(1809).--Panicum fasciculatum Trin.(1834).
KL*>'*>• Ыг?>. тй*. 80-120cm. ±Ш
30-60cm, Фй9-15шш. ЙОГ_йЙЬНТ,
ft $ 15-25cm, < «>< 3cm fi f. TWKIIJI2, ft 3 4 - 6шт, 2 - 4(tht 1)
1-Й1со£. &^'ЬЙО|ЙЙ>1Ь#< О^&?ёй'‘Щ-С, hiatr. 0.5-2СШ, ПЛ-04
©ЯШий5, d<i±^H’|nj±o 2 d'TE/j'ib*1). §?-
zd^tXft^//'d^©i-i«l/5-l/4йт, Me, 1/2-2/3 0 ft 2 т? ftli
ilftLfcfiht itъ. ^-d'7E(^-аШо/]Че)(Ш14, iW№’BЛ /v t'lnjftort^i i u
fcL-<3®&&<. ®-d'rt(^-.aMlo/j</EBiWH.-c, шт
•&fcW 2n = 36.
(7ЕЙЯ17-8Л, (#O < > FT >7, Jt7?'J*, 77b'7T-ft, <7^. O’/oMa'Mi,
* 4 ') > 111'bhS. 13^-cai929T-Xftffi^Ki t)$&f|jЛЬЬ..
(ISJ^<7)Z>'О Ж17л 7 X 0±< -Cfti'ffi^^rx ci,
i, d'^ii 2 - 4 0Й'Й1>Й©±£О^, % -'S^ZtWl'Pl
А^'СгЬ'б it £'1?ЭД 1Ьй'('СЙНН>ЬН?>. (7—1) Х1ЛШ Р. orientale var. triflorum Stapf tc^fCt'6,
N. L. Bor t'1960) lei Z> i, CO var. triflorum St^4(ffiA‘bO|Xb’IJ.,,Utt§il'i 5 AfA' 2n_45 O$tn!i>
^0. ii'5.
Adventive perennial occasionally found in disturbed places near harbour, with woody
thick rhizomes covered by coriaceous scales. Culms erect, 80 120 cm tall; leaf-blades flat, 30
-60 cm x 9-15 mm; sheaths glabrous. Inflorescence spike-like, cylindrical, 15-25 cm long, 3cm
wide including involucre bristles. Spikelets dense, lanceolate, 4-6 mm long, 2-4 clustered on
very short branch, and surrounded by many involucre bristles; the bristles dark-violet in
colour, and the outer ones simple, while the inner ones pinnately branched. The spikelet
composed of two same-sized florets; lower glume 1/5-1/4 as long as spikelet, membranous,
nerveless; the upper 1/2-2/3 as long, 1-nerved, short-awned at apex. First floret male, with
membranous lemma; the second bisexual, with thicker, lustrous lemma. Chromosome number
2n = 36.
DISTR. Native to tropical Asia and Africa. In Japan recorded in 1929 at Yokohama for the
first time. REFER. Clayton(1986): 303-304. Bor(1960): 345-346. Hisauchi(1960): 77.
636
2S: rSQTJ'-WIi At 2 'J4® Two spikelets surrounded by involucre bristles.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE + t'3№f+E51
xO.82
If t&tUili VI»
637
CHIKARA-SHIBA[Jap.]
Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 1: 303(1825).-Panicum alopecuroides L.
(1753).--Alopecurus hordeiformis L.(1753).-Pennisetum compressum R. Br.(1810).—
Setaria compressa (R. Br.) Kunth(1829).-Gymnothrix compressa (R. Br.) Brongn.(1831).
ЙЗ 30-80cm
ЗО-бОсш, 5 - 8mm,
WC, 1ГШЁ'й’£й9, ¥?t,
ШЖ1П1ВоРде№'>о£, 10-15cm, 3-4cm, ^o5Jg
7mn»t'-c2/j<d'e>/xo( m
2-3nm>X’7EWro!?&£>. g-WWt8t4\
(^)d4Eo^fid<<t ИЙ-С'^Ж Рз^й‘^т*?С'<£й£, kb t1 M-
iД. 6-7Жй'^>0, F*3$tL-<3®, М-:1ЖЙ<. feb
^И7ЕЙЙ‘Д<, 2SL-ClW^fe0tt^t7x?>. Шй^Зшт. 3fefeW 2n = 18.
(7EWD 8-10Л. »ЖйГ$Я5), *W, ИИ, AW, W, ^^5. » ФИ, 7< yfy,
tVu-r, -riz-^gj, -Y v FKJM5. *-M7ji7, * d УШШФ1Я. (Isl^co*'?) Й
< t 1W^&O7'7 >Qi 5&7ЕЖ ЙсМН-?>
л -1At'*'<sfc. i t i
fe0uu®7 tY-* 5->^; forma viridescens (Miq.) Ohwi №, Bm^feOnuffi^- d- Л r'/d forma eryth-
rochaetum Ohwi й'^?>.
Robust perennial growing on sunny roadsides or waste places, often making large com-
munity. Culms densely tufted, 30-80 cm tall, erect, with short and thick rhizomes; leaf-blades
flat to inrolled, 30-60 cm X 5-8 mm; sheaths laterally compressed, keeled, smooth, pilose on the
mouth; ligules a fringe of minute hairs. Inflorescence spike-like, cylindrical, 10-15 cm long, to
3 cm or more in width including the bristles; spikelets dense, 7 mm long, lanceolate, awnless,
surrounded by many, usually dark violet involucre bristles; lower glume reduced to only 0.5
mm long; upper glume 1/2 as long as spikelet. Lemma of first (sterile) floret about 7 mm long,
many-nerved, often provided with palea and stamens. Second floret fertile; the lemma similar
to that of the first; anthers 3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 18.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, China,
Philippines, Burma, Malaysia, India. Introduced to N. America and Australia etc. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 303-304. Lazarides(1980): 134-136. Webster(1987): 184-185. Koyama(1987):
377-378.
638
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
8 X.21
639
^7 Sl-IIMA-CHIKARA-SHlBA[Jap.l
Pennisetum sordidum Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 33:112(1919).-----------------P. alopecuroid.es (L.)
Spreng, subsp. sordidum (Koidz.) T. Koyama(1987).
20-40cm. ШЬХ& $ 20-50cm, Ш 1-1.5mm. WlfiM < gl'T ПЙ'Ж t fc •? .
5-8cm,
1.5- 2.2cm. EttSti'tf,
I'. 2'J'»P>fr9. ft$5-6mm, 0.5-lmm-Cfr-B^5, Ф
fcoTtimm S 1 - 2cm. ^-лй^ЯЙФ, Ш, ftSli
4<О1/3-1/2, ^-(^)Ф?е©^Я5»1^4>о. ^-(Ш:)ФМ
•WX4>-> <Ь Ч>М < . 6rnm feiSb, 3K,
LfcO-tftib-r. lWt<. fc-L'OM т*£2.5м.
ЙйШ2 t £tc3*4?WrK#A*h.-r?>.
(ОН 10-11Я. Л.т±$< 4t£ • ?Ш • W.1O&, BW. И 7®Й11'1'$Ш
з л-c-, -?•<• и ? >z<© tOKLjt^fez^, Я
(сйМ-и. з-6Ш^(от* tit5. (/-h) 'hiW
(i987)«wa£±id«xж**7->-о1ш.аг^ь-с1'бй', iait
К 44ib*‘Zc»ija«i®bn?>.
Perennial growing on rocks or gravelly soil along seashore in southern Japan. Many culm?
and radical leaves densely tufted, 20-40 cm tall; leaf-blades 20-50 cm long, usually strongly
inrolled, tubular, 1-1.5 mm wide; sheaths slightly compressed, smooth, hairy only around the
mouth. Inflorescence spike-like, cylindrical, 5-8 cm long, erect, covered with pale-tawny
involucre bristles 1.5-2.2 cm long. Spikelets lanceolate, 5-6 mm long; pedicels 0.5-1 mm long,
with verticillate involucre bristles below the spikelet. Lower glume minute, barely seen by
naked eyes; the upper membranous-hyalin, 1/3-1/2 as long as spikelet, without or with a faint
nerve; lemma of first (sterile) floret 5-nerved; lemma of second (fertile) floret the longest,
acuminate at apex. 3-nerved; paleas a little shorter; all glumes membranous and pale-
coloured.
DISTR.Endemic to Japan (Southernmost Kyushu to Ryukyus, Bonin Isis.). REFER. Clayton
(1986): 303-304. Koyama(1987):378.
640
TS: ifil Transverse section of leaf-blade
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE +
6X1
IT 1/1'.V,1.ftII,1.1'. W X ill
7 х 7 □ a
Pennisetum latifolium Spreng., Syst. Veg. 1: 302(1824).
Tsu r i-enokoro [ J ap.]
1 1.5m (efts. WftS 10-20cm, fg0.8-2cm, UffiiiUlK
-c, -x о . W©±.g|5£. 3 - 5 й^гТй'‘5.
Д2 2-5ст. l-1.8cm, < <О/НЙ^£И* < okf S.
Й1Ш, ft$5-7mm, < О
2*ftt < !C±< -CSV'. -Жт 1.5mm, <h о W(I3 Sb, Sd
Д2 2mm, <h $-(ЛЧ$)'Ь7ЕО1ТОШЙ, 3 - 5 <> <'H8 £ Ш£
IWS, <h£fc^Lfc/b£ftlW/'££. %=-(т:)'Ь7Е©»Ш < ,
'C'bM© 5Ж&% Ъ, М-=Ё, £, Й1АЗЙ,
(ТЕМЯ) 8-ЮЛ. (^1 М)ЙЗД^А;Мг, ^В£(Х1ШЖЯ1ГЙ&£П7сМ').
f < ygilfert.<-/u77<©*7t t”T'A. ([Hjstob'Г) 7ЕЛ;й>А$OgOK® < , LA^/ => я/
•9-М^®Ь*6й', ФШ'!А?>й'^Д< t/j'O, О^й'Нб. Sbt*/=> р A-tbJS-cWB
icfcii Ц@©7Е^Л‘О< ©t, ^OA-C-t-SL-ca^WA'0<. U-Ц КИ77?-©Ш1
-ci i1
Occasionally cultivated, introduced annual. Culms tufted, to 1.5 m tall; leaf-blades 10-20
cm x 0.8-2 cm; sheaths glabrous. Several branches verticillate on upper nodes of culm; bearing
one spike-like panicle on the tip of each branch. Panicle cylindrical, 2-5 cm long. 1-1.8 cm
wide including bristles, pale-green. Spikelets dense, ovate-lanceolate, 5-7 mm long, 2-
flowered, encircled by many involucre bristles, whose one or two distinctly longer and thicker
than the others. Lower glume lanceolate, 1.5 mm long; the upper ovate with acuminate apex.
2 mm long; both with minute appressed hairs on back. Lemma of first (sterile) floret as long
as spikelet, membranous, 5-nerved, hairy on back; lemma of second (fertile) floret thicker and
smooth, 5-nerved, embracing the palea of the same length.
DISTR. Native to S. America. In Japan cultivated as ornamental plant, rarely escaped in the
field. REFER. Clayton(1986): 303-304. Lazarides(1980): 134-136. Hisauchi(1950): 76. Makino
(1961): 738.
642
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE HWtl
К : jEO
643
Napier GRASs|EngJ
Pennisetum purpureum Schumach., Beskr. Guin. PL: 44(1827).---P. macrostachyum Benth.
(1849).---P. benthamii Steud.(1854).--Gymnothrix nitens Anders.(1864).— P. nilens
(Anders.) Hack.(1888).--P. flexispica K. Schum.(1895).-P. jlaincomum Leeke(1907).
l tarn wt mm
A, 1-1.8m. 12-45ctn, 4-15mm, 6 V'43Z/'&£7/'.
aiv'i'iw, jt$8-i6cm,
20-30 w ъ*>©ач'2 -здат
4.5-5.5rnm. 2 ФТЕ/J'Gft О, 1/4, МЙМК, 2/3-4/5
©Д5Х-, »«'5 9к^4>о. %-(^)d'TEo^Stn 5й-С-ФШ£ИД. $(ЙИЖоО4Ш£1п|
Й-С-Й^/А ЛЬАЬ'¥'-’Й-С16^Х>'Й 0, i UCA-L'A -ЛС-<^Й<.
2inin, Шс®-=б©Жй>£6. 2п-28.
(TEW 10-12Л. М) Шу у У *ЖЙ-С. В11+©М, «1Ш^М>М£А, »4=XtL-Cv^. *4
т'ШИ-*. rWlfiv., 3my.hr/c0, Ж#1Хй$ 60-90cm, ife 2 - 3cm fcftfcj
t^o, 19134рг«хт/ !>ЛКЦ£А$й. 7
P 9 У, Л У 7 t /Р-7, -'7 4 ft t'rjA< ШЙ, <h < E4-tif iLi' 5. (|H)5to*'£']
S*44^. >^©?!l<hftoft^i5, ftS/Abl
Recently introduced perennial to southern subtropical islands in Japan. Culms tufted,
branched, 1-1.8 m tall; leaf-blades 12-45 cm X 4-15 mm, pilose when young, eventually glabrous
with scabrous margins; sheaths somewhat compressed, smooth, lustrous; ligules a series of
long hairs. Panicle spike-like, cylindrical, 8-16 cm long, dense, tawny or tinged with purple.
Spikelets lanceolate, 4.5-5.5 mm long, with long involucre bristles verticillate under each
spikelet; most of the bristles not hairy, and a few of them with pinnately arranged soft hairs.
Lower glume hyaline-membranous, nerveless, about 1/4 length of the spikelet; the upper
5-nerved, 2/3-4/5 length; lemma of first (sterile) floret as long as the spikelet; lemma of
second (fertile) floret of the same length, coriaceous and glossy, involute clasping the palea
of the same length. Anthers 2 mm long, with tufted minute hairs at apex. Chromosome
number 2n - 28.
DISTR. Native to tropical Africa, widely cultivated as fodders in tropical and subtropical
regions of the world. REFER. Clayton(1986): 303-304. Lazarides(1980): 134-136.
S'- JS'Q-Tii-Bfl a ii fc'1'й Spikelet with involucre bristle
BRI: TlU'li^r t oAv'ЙТ Thick bristle with pinnate hairs.
644
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
x5
645
К i. 2
SHIN-KURI-NO-IGA[jap.] SOUTHERN SANDBUR [Am.]
Cenchrus echinatus L., Sp. Pl.: 1050(1753).------C. pungens H. B. K.(1816).--------C. viridis
Spreng. (1852).
X, Й$15-40сш,
70cm
ft5-20cm, Ш3 - 5nun, ПЙКЭКтШ!), iOift 2 1 - 2mm Mi
x.6. $ЖК1*&Ж'<>гё^©^й'8-301@О1>-С, ft$ 3-10cm ©SStZt 0, ©S'Srtt'SJ
it*. шт, ШШИОПг'Хб-бтт, ^igfeX- 0, £®KTftLfcfi-=(M£,
Xfix, *©ТШТЙ£О®Ши. 'b»HU8W2-3lBbt, ft $ 5 - 6mm,
JilM, 2<NfEJ: bfcS. Т^(^)Ф7Е©»Х8МЯ, ±Л’(№'НЕ©
^т^¥ЯХ^й'‘£6. ft^ 1.5mm. 2n=34, 68,
70.
(СТ) 7-9Я. (5ЭД ФЛ7> 9 El*X'fi
M&wcttumens. 9 л 7£W + Л. (|s)^o*'^) 9 m^Oi 5 ШФ&’Ь’Э'Г*#
tii fcftiL, El 9 / 4 ff C. brownii Roem. et Schult., ± ? 9 7 4 if C.
tribuloides L., h / 9 / T Л* C. pauciflorus Benth. tz <h*, hiMZ. t Шк<£>5й£йй'£> t), -> > ? 9 / 4 a
Ш8®Ж31ГШЧЙ)£, Tfa 11'0 EP i fz6.
Adventive annual growing in disturbed, inhabited areas. Culms erect, 15-40 cm tall, from
geniculate or creeping bases. Leaf-blades flat to loosely folded, 5-20 cm X 3-5 mm, glabrous to
thinly hairy; sheaths slightly compressed, glabrous, short-hairy at the mouth; ligules membra-
nous, ciliate on upper margins. Inflorescence consisted of 8-30 bur-shaped involucres arranged
into spike-like form at the tip of culm. The bur sessile; the upper half split into several,
acuminate and pungent lobes; at the base of bur spines of variable length arranged into
several whorls. The bur and spines tomentose with minute, retrorse hairs. Spikelets 2-3 in one
bur, 5-6 mm long, 2-flowered; lower (sterile) lemma membranous; the upper (fertile) indu-
rated and glossy. Grains 1.5 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 34, 68, 70.
DISTR. Native to C. America. Widespread in tropical to subtropical regions of the world.
Casually found in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 304. Lazarides(1980): 109-110. Webster
(1987): 18-28. Bor(1960): 287-292.
646
Bur (=Involucre).
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
» WWUtVIhb IX. 5, WWbh X 10
647
TsuKi-iGE[Jap.] Spine GRASs[Eng.]
Spinifex littoreus (Burm. fil.) Merr., Philip. Joum. Sci. Bot. 7: 229(1912).-----Slipa spinifex L.
(1764).----Stipa littorea Burm. fil.(1768).----Spinifex squarrosus L.(1771).
mofcmicliUWMom ft-?-C®<. ffi S 30-50
an, ^itft$ 7~20cm, Фй 2 - 3mm, ЗЬЩШ < ft 9 , Wfffi
ед-9-с±©^blefts2-3
mm @ fto. JOtc-CftWOftKl 10-30 :W £©Ж: Wtt<<<> £, &©ft $ft4-
8cm, ft£lcm/--]/k Utt
|H)®|6J±O2d4tZ>‘ibft^. ®m44Eo 1/2-2/3 ©ft $-£7-8111^<><>. О
Ii5fc 2Ж#й‘£»>. fel^3fi, mftS6
mm&O. «tliWKftl* 20cm U J-1C Vx Sthtt© W>W15* £,
©ОЙ<т©ФЙй'^<. flt'J'»*ftS io-13mm, ®m2 VbiffiilSJft-C, 2d'7Ed‘₽>
ftS. iWftfti'. 3ifc
(t 5 Ж, Д£Ш£9шт, р*ЗяЙ&Rft'C’&S. 2n=18.
ЮТ7-8Я. Ml ЖЛЙ, О. ФИЙПН5, -riz-->7, m->*. Г/КйЕ. 9
T 7g?WT v i*. titt©«liWft-ft^^L-ft(Efffti-bA-c, -b<*ra$E-c£S. £<©£№
fet/hSSt*'bftйЙТЕГЖ Ж^й^-ri^ftS 9©imtRlc»fSH, Mog^ufctM-
5. N. L. Bor (1960) (ci W, J: W©»W<"c©tltt©^^ft 5ЖЙ
ti-V^y^-tctXV'fti'. bX№bti, ^tt^t-ft 0 oo^S. у + <
5^С4®. 5 Ъ1 Sttt-x 1- =9 У 7, ffi(i^7 >7©^-C^>S.
Robust perennial making large bushes on the seashore in the tropical to subtropical regions,
dioecious. Culms rigid, 30-50 cm tall, much branched; leaf-blades 7-20 cmX2-3 mm, pungent,
lunular in cross-section, concave on the upper surface and deeply grooved when dried; ligules
a fringe of long hairs 2-3 mm in length. In male plants 10-30 branches clustered at apices of
culms, and sessile staminate spikelets arranged alternately on the branch; spikelets 2-
flowered, with unequal glumes shorter than the floret. In female plants, pistillate inflorescence
making a spiny head with many radiating branchlets; each branchlet bearing a single spikelet
near the base, whose glumes as long as the spikelet. Chromosome number 2n=18.
DISTR. Japan (Rare; Is. Yakushima, Tanegashima. Amami, Ryukyus), widespread in the
tropical regions of southeastern Asia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 308. Koyama( 1987): 384-386.
Webster(1987): 216-219.
648
ЛР: Apex of leaf. TS: ^A-OtSiffi Transverse section of leaf-blade.
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
X2
s • wilwcafe vi.23
649
CHIGOZASAfJap.]
Isachne globosa (Thunb.) 0. Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2:778(1891).-Milium globosum
Thunb.(1784).--1, australis R. Br.(1810).-Panicum lepidotum Steud.(1846).
Й£ 30-60ст. MliSO, Д2 4-9СП1, ffi
4 - 8mm, 1 ЭДоДЯз<hfc6. НШЕЙЧ**(flb-Cia
*L, ДЗЗ-бст, 1 - 2 ФЙЙ’ИЙ,
&О^Ш(Й5)Й'>Й>6. 2-2.2mm, %
MdWctiKZn2 ЙОЙЙЙЧФГХШ Lt 0 7сЪ, Я L £Ю|ё|±© 2
«©ййФТЕй^Лб. ШШ JKffiPW, ЖВДоЖй'^б.
оиж^жйт?, ®<, ^6, 1Шй<. ятжй, ффжй.
i Umfit'tST, 1.3mm.
2n=30.
(ТЕМЯ) 6-8 Я. (Я-*) Л» ЖЯ НУН, ЛЯ 00«IU-o5, £№, ФВЛЙ, -^-7
7, ^в*->7, t-xivDT. 9 Л УЖ:Й1ХЕ1*. (|H)5t<7>Z>'£'J ЖЙ!<С?Ж
й'Ь^Л2 4ЧЕйЧп)^-&Ъ-^^-01'-С I'HStft*. <h M-TTE&JSt'fci ОТ
Тб. Фад©£ФК1^&©ВВЛ‘£б. (У- 1) 'ЬиЖ5Ш987№, 2 ФТСо 5 ЪТ
±^©4>©tt«BttiiEL, Л#&=Й|5(>± ГВЖЙ^Ш rt Ucffitt<hlE!$L-ti,'6.
$^Offi^"C'(i2ffii ’ЬйЯ'Фб <> <DZo^Zn0fc. ifc W.D. Clayton (1986) 11, Isachne ffi(^3’
T-'T-4rT>< tr)<0 <> OtliiTi&Й14, Paraisachne ffi© % OliLli’ LlfTj^-'bTEA'itttti Л 6 <t!ET
Perennial growing in boggy places, often making large, pure colony. Culms erect, 30-60 cm
tall, with long creeping rhizomes. Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, 4-9cmX4-8mm, with
faint midnerve, hard and rough on margins; ligules a fringe of long hairs. Panicle loose, erect,
3-6 cm tall; branches divergent, flexuous, solitary per node. Spikelets long pedicellate with
glandular bands, obovoid to ellipsoidal, 2-2.2 mm long, pale-green to purplish-green. 2-flower-
ed. Glumes obovate, subequal faintly several-nerved; the florets both perfect, dorsiventrally
compressed, as well as to slightly longer than glume. Lemma oblong, coriaceous, convex on
back, embracing the palea by its inflexed margins. Anthers 1.3 mm long. Stigmas conspicuous
by their pretty red-purple colour. Chromosome number 2n=30.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, Taiwan,
Chinese Continent, India, Malaysia, Micronesia, Australia. REFER. Clayton(1986):309.
Koyama(1987): 126,133. Webster(1987): 133. Lazarides(1980): 89-90.
650
PANICOIDEAE ISACHNEAE ttWWS
й viii. 8
651
УЧ4
Isachne nipponensis Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 4: 30(1955).
Hai-chigozasa [Jap.]
5-10cm, M-13, Y?t. WftffilWrt'dlSffiJO, ft$10-30.nm, *3 4 - 8mm, H5t<,
S<«i'bnt, ^т^ШЯй&й'ЗЁГХ,
^«ft^7-15mm, 8Ш >) & < , W ГС. (1Й й W-k, Ж (W* <E/I <E ft < , fifeOft
^?Uft£. 7EWF4W, ft5 1.5-5cm, 1 - 5'bl&fcott
Ъ. /bWWHH®. 2Ш&, Я £ 1.5mm ti Е, ш£|й)
fl^2'b7E^e>ft?>. -ЙЖшагёИЯ, 3-7Мй'йО, ^ОНКЙФЖВД, W© bW-ti*tfbfcft
&>'&>), H<'b®££ft£. 'ЬЖ*2®> V#®U blgY, tmWisiA-, »)M
шпмша. фй-сй»-'. w
H 2n = 40.
[?ЕЮП 9-10JJ. HHi] *ЯК»), ИЯ, ftjil, Ш£. Ш1ЙЙ15, ФЯЛЙ. (Isl£<^)
lUWofitoix., ^ЛЖН«Йй^-С±Т®ГЙ^/г?Ёй'й>?>. ЬШХ*
WtHtttfbftlW 'НЙй'Яё 1.5mm tit'X*.
a^ft^o^ffisg-TS <E Л'. 'bSBco^t-Kcofti'C <E'ft, ?-^W^6©SSftEm<Eft£. (/-
h) <Et£iS«Sh,fc^i?£>sa>, ©Ъ£$^ФЯЛ>.о--^ч:Ч&йгПХ1'4.
Small perennial in shady wet places in warm-temperate regions. Culms long and repent,
rooting and branching per node; erect branches 5-10 cm tall. Leaf-blades oblong to broadly
lanceolate, 10-30 mm x4 -8 mm, thin, with narrowly white bordered, undulate margins, pilose
on both surfaces; sheaths 7-15 mm long, shorter than node; ligules a fringe of long hairs.
Panicle 1.5-5 cm long, loose; branches filiform, nearly smooth, bearing 1-5 spikelets per
branch. Pedicels destitute of glandular band; spikelets light-green, 1.5 mm long, composed of
2 nearly similar florets. Glumes nearly equal, 3 to 7-nerved, with hyaline margins, loosely
pilose with mamilla-based hairs on the upjrer halves. Florets both dorsiventrally compressed;
lemmas coriaceous, with incurved margins clasping the paleas and grains, with scattered
minute hairs on back. Chromosome number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Japan (s. to w. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), s. Korea, Taiwan, Chinese
Continent. REFER. Clayton(1986): 309. Koyama(1987): 126, 129-130.
652
PANICOIDEAE ISACHNEAE
#: »шает1оят vii.го
653
Atsuba-hai-chigozasa [Jap.]
Isachne kunthiana (Wight et Arn. ex Steud.) Miq. var. nudiglumis (Hack.) T. Koyama,
Journ. Jap. Bot. 37: 236(1962).-1, myosotis Nees var. nudiglumis Hack.(1899).-1, firmula
Buse var. nudiglumis(Hack.) Rendl.(1904).--1, repens Keng(1933).
Looft < fit<, 30-70
cm. ft 3 - 6cm, Й6-15шш, ТШ-1 ff b 6 Ж©-''9 HSJtLX
^lift-^oyij <t *?>. fWlisJ 3-4cm,
<-W<L Л,ЙЙ<0ф«4гоЦ, df-ГЫЪ J: 5 /J^i
№Ш, ft^ 2-2.3mm, 2ФТЕй'67£^. КЙО^5Ш<Й1?<,
|iWlsl±, ¥bfr№ftW)^L<3UL ЙЖ, 9,
9 tЙЗй» о TЙЖ&Й t, С- i if Z>.
(JEW Ж. (ЯЧЙ 7->тЖЙ15^«ОЙ. Н4:Х-ИЖЖ-Й^8§&.
1ЕЛ(1930)и^©йЙ!1L Lt^e^rb'^ih^^tftI'£й>, (И
£<7)*'^) |nJ*lWo 2 ФТЕ^гТЧ^ 9 Й о’Ct t fc'J'ffi, - Т ?-
£&*£<, 1W<, d'Wift^ 2-2.3mrn, W^S-=6Kfe^
bhZ>. (7-b) d'll|^(1962)fi, F-T > K->±:c^> 9, -^L<-3iR©)t^<L^9,
'SWi'J'JEf 9 54 6>^^fti'>iE-<Ti'?>. tuts E. Steudel(1884) -С^Б
М--Г£<ОйчЕЫ\
Perennial in the tropical to subtropical forests. Culms prostrate near base. 30-70 cm tall.
Leaf-blades lanceolate, 3-6 cm x 6-15 mm, sparsely short-hairy beneath or glabrous, moder-
ately thick; margins bordered with white tissues and minutely serrate (fig. MA) under high
magnification. Leaf-sheaths shorter than blades, ciliate on margins; ligules a fringe of white
hairs. Panicle 3-4 cm long, loose with short branches; branches nearly smooth; glandular band
absent on pedicels. Spikelets pale-green, 2-2.3 mm long, 2-flowered. Glumes equal, thick in
texture except for membranous margins, covered with tubercles (fig.TU) and minute spinules
all over the surface. Both lemmas and paleas coriaceous, glossy; margins of lemma incurved
clasping the palea.
DI STR. Japan (Is. Amami in Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan, s. Chinese Continent, India,
Malaysia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 309. Lazarides(1980): 91. Steudel(1884): 96, 292. Koyama
(1987): 132, 511.
654
MA: i) Margin of leaf-blade. TU: tlSl-bOilh*. Tubercles on glume
PANICOIDEAE ISACHNEAE
VII.19
655
t HlNAZASA[Jap.]
Coelachne japonica Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7:701(1899).-----C. monantha Maxim, ex
Makino(1890) name only.
Ь-ГйЧС 5-20cm, i &*L<,
AS 1-3cm, «2-6mm, ft'/W < $1 < i /Л 0 , foCU
ofc< fci'. FWE/ftift;* 1.5-Зсш, J
Ь-ГйЧС4-251й^г©ФЙй‘6^оТ, 'Ь»ШЙЬ, ft?
2-2.5mm, 1 i £<c 2 'М-й'Ьй0, 2d'7E<0i ШИЯЙШ. Si
^ItftS ImmfclT, ПЮ'Й 0, ^ISlift? 1.3»»
^^-С^1'ЗЖй^?>. &Ц1Ш ЖПЖ-СЙ&, ft? 2-2.5mm. Ъ-ГйЧс^^^й X», 1ШН
< tWittbfcl'. ftWW^ihl^ftX'g’blW, ЙЙ-И* < V'fc.
ftS 0.2-0.3mm. &Е11Ш 2n=40.
(О) 8-ЮЛ. (ЯЗП ФМ, Ий, Л)Н, (ИЖ0
*'?) СОЛ5КМШ''1'?<, ft*o#Jic*g©^i'®^oW-,
^oti'6. ^+фим?
•), -&¥^Я5-7
Ж( t -л Wil 1 - ЗЛЮ^й t>, Ф7Е!'Ш WJ±© % ©й'|в| Е& $ 1с 2 103ЁЛ,-С1' £ <пх. WklWi
Х'$>%>. (7— И С. monantha Maxim. /WKlitt
У V <X> hi 7 >- 7 K. 6 Я й' Й> Ъ.
Small annual growing in boggy places. Culms 5-20 cm tall, branched only near the base;
leaf-blades lanceolate, shortly acuminate at apex and rounded at base, l-3cmX2-6mm;
ligules absent. Panicle scarcely exserted, 1.5-3 cm long, very loose, bearing only 4-25 spike-
lets; the branches smooth. Spikelets 2-2.5 mm long, pale-green, 1 or 2-flowered; glumes un-
equal, membranous, hyalin; the lower 1-nerved, under 1 mm long, the upper 3-nerved, up to 1.3
mm long; if 2-flowered, the lower bisexual with two stamens, while the upper pistillate (fig.
2F); lemma 2-2.5 mm long, nerveless, sublustrous, white, rounded on back; palea as long as
lemma and similar in colour and texture, not keeled and both margins involute. Chromosome
number 2n-40.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Rare; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 310.
Lazarides(1980): 87-88. Koyama(1987): 136-137.
656
PANICOIDEAE ISACHNEAE
b & ToDASHIBA (A form called UsL!GE-TODASHIBA)LJap.]
Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) C. Tanaka var. ciliata (Thunb.) Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39:303
(1925).---Agrostis ciliata Thunb. (1784).--A rundinella anomala Steud. (1854).------Pani-
cum mandshuricum Maxim.(1859).
<'Cffijz, Й£50-
120cm, ft£ 15-40СШ. 5-15mm, t fctt-x 0 ic t (f *) ,
0.2mm. £ 10-40cm,
i$©g
'ЬЖШ#1Я2, 3.5-4.5mm, Uf 2
ТО'ЬШХЙ#., ®^ШЙ, 9b-rz»rffi<,
ЙОТФЯ54'<Ь ££(c7IM£Vb, 'J<£|n]ft. «ft'ITE©
5 ш, p %l-с з <. т<1ЧЕойаш« «xiims
Щ-С-Г<Ш1'5Ж*Ч-Ь, ШШЬНЖ, 2®#7/£?>. ^tilOfc.
ft 5 Ш£ 2mm. Ж^<-ХЖ^«Х'ФЙГ t 2n = 34, 36.
(Ob 8-10Я. (#«1 M ИВ, Affl. W, ФН, ^У7!М, > x у-. 7 Т 78
MEI*. (7-Ь) 1 ^'->-ЧХГ<
X 9 1<Л.£?>Ь ?'-y''Cb^K.ft-t. kJJfl&JIWOFfflг
Ш-Х 6.
Perennial in sunny grassland, with creeping rhizomes. Culms tufted, erect. 50-120 cm tall;
leaf-blades linear, 15-40 cm X5-15 mm, rough especially on margins, thinly pilose or nearly
glabrous; sheaths pilose to thinly pilose; ligules 0.2 mm tall, barely seen. Panicle 10-40 cm
long, erect to somewhat nodding; branches semi-verticillate. Spikelets 3.5-4.5mm long, green,
often tinged with violet, 2-flowered; the lower staminate and the upper bisexual. Lower glume
slightly shorter than spikelet, encircling the spikelet by the broadened base, 3-nerved; upper
glume 5 to 7-nerved, as long as spikelet. Lemma of upper floret membranous-hyalin, faintly
5-nerved, with tufted long hairs at base; palea as long as lemma, 2-keeled. Anthers 2 mm long,
dark-purple. Spikelets falling entire. Chromosome number 2n=34,36.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China, e. Siberia,
Ussurie. REFER. Clayton(1986): 316. Thunb.(1784): 49. Koyama(1987): 294-296.
658
PANICOIDEAE ARUNDINELLEAE + h
8 : IX.n
659
b &F Todashiba (A form called Ke-todasiiiba)[Jap.j
Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) C. Tanaka var. hirta, Bull. Sci. FakuL Tercult. Kyushu Imp.
Univ. 1,4:196(1925).-----Poa hirta Thunb.(1784).------A. anomala Steud. var. lasiophylla Hack.
(1914).
к:Ж-а, 5 /v-ci'S. OAt, fcia
©i ) £ h L7c^< %©£, auEIco? xy h Ь М4£йМй< <Uo
th-tHS TSfiiiftKffWL'C, О®^'--ЙКЖ'й<.
fc£L#go$©itt'H®£'> iJiffiWbySci'i <L *). ;Mifc=W;W>
» H®. t ?^(>r t ffyA),
Ь1ЖШЧз<Й<. fcttr < tt£6&€<0ib%C'xy ь
- Ь £'->'< var. hondana Koidz. <r> 3 ЖТЧ > 6. £ Ъ KTtfFЙ» (=1 iz r> ~C Й F1. &fir tXS Ж > ° I- >
var. glauca Honda A & Й> %. N. N. Tsvelev li^-^-nn, A Tnn^TiOife 9
% 5i'io £ mWibHfrl'iJg 5. r&feW 2n=28, 56.
(ОЛ8-10Л. (5НЮ Jtifslfi, 7M+I. га®, Л-Я1©|^1й^Ж1САо 5. ФИ. С'яр-йг.
< vjgwaA.
Perennial closely allied to var. ciliala, but differs by the far densely hairy leaf-blades and
sheaths. In the right figure, branches of panicle are shooting many short branchlets with a few
to several spikelets. Such forms are apt to be more densely hairy than the forms with
indistinct branchlets as that drawned in the preceding plate. Chromosome number 2n = 28,56.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu. Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China, bssurie,
Kurils. REFER. Clayton(1986): 316. Thunb.(1784): 49-50. Koyama(1986): 294-296.
660
PANICOIDEAE ARUNDINELLEAE +b
К: IX-14
661
’ Зг Т7 b 'УА MlGIWA-TODASIIIBA, MlGFWA-SHIBA[Jap.]
Arundinella riparia Honda, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 43:192 & 237(1929).----A. hirta (Thunb.) C.
Tanaka var. riparia (Honda) Ohwi(1941).
msss 90emtc*h, 4 -
ЗШЯг 15-ЗОсш, ♦B4-10mm, Wffit и>^6о<. ШВЯоЯ
ГЬфйЧсДгЁйЧХх, Ж^!'Ш < < 1'Ф, Ь Ъ. BOfFUft £ 8-27cm,
•РШ^Й^4Х±ЙСХ:^й?1ХТ(0КА^. С*Ш1Е^оЖйеЖ!с1ХфадТ?& t&Ъ), ШЙ
1-7*. ФЖ1ХД£ 4-5.5mm, 2 ФТЕй' Ъ к 0 , Т^ОфТЕНЖЙ^ ТЯМЙ, Т^ОФТЕШЧ&Т.
ШФЙ©Шт£, 14'ЗЖой
zj^ffli'3-4ii^£>6. < w, лииш. тмя
3 Ж* t Ъ, 3.5mm, ТМ<ЯО»ХД 2 2.5
mm, |*1Ш^1'-С1Й®&Й£, ^1ХЙЛС/сД? 3mm 1Ц±О££ ФМ'Я©
ЙЙ5 Г Я ЙI' ЙФ Й'^ Ъ.
(ТЕ») 8-ЮЛ. (Ж) « С»Ш|11!^-|-ЖЛ1КойЖТ.-СМ<5й>4г, *ШК.М $Мг. Я©Ш
raHt&EJii, waiwifcтй‘6UrWsntiM (и^<©й'^)
Н, ФЖХМТ^Ш'й$(^ШФ[М<><>е; «Ысх О, 1 М^/МЯЗММТМ ТШЙ<. ФЙ©
Щ1<МЛ 1 M'MliM ТйЭД< ^й'>0М!*Т-^?>. *0<М i
Si^ii rt t, JtoSMmseLTV'S. n*£tx*isw>
(X— b) ±#&Н®ШХС*5г:оЙ^ Ь /->^©Mt LtfioTl'fcA*>, ГН*М
ЗШ1И (1975) p. 1442 -CWffit L, WoW-UTtl'i.
Perennial growing on rocky cliffs along the valley. Culms tufted, up to 90 cm long, flexuose,
often hanging from the cliffs. Leaf-blades linear, 15-30 cmX4-10 mm, somewhat scabrous on
both surfaces; sheaths nearly glabrous; ligules truncate, fimbriate with minute hairs. Panicle
8-27 cm long, with 1 -7 semi-verticillate branches per node; rachis densely hirsute. Spikelets
4-5.5 mm long, 2-flowered; the lower staminate or asexual and the upper bisexual. The lower
glume about 3/4, and the upper as long as spikelet. Lemma of upper (bisexual) floret bearing
distinct awn 3 mm long or more and exserted the spikelet. The spikelets of A. hirta including
its varieties awnless or very short-awned.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan; found disjunctively in Honshu (Kumano R., Tenryu R.) and
Shikoku (Yoshino R.). REFER. Clayton(1986): 316. T#W&(1929) 268.
662
PANICOIDEAE ARUNDINELLEAE +t'M b
xO. 82
663
S: =®»<Й8»г|5 X.13
tt/^XX^ OlI-ABURA-SUSUKl[Jap.J
Spodiopogon sibiricus Trin., Fund. Agrost.: 192(1820).--------Andropogon sibiricus (Trin.)
Ste',d.(1854).---S. sibiricus var. lomentosus Koidz.(1915).
IW, ttir-bt/xO, IWit, 15-40cm, Ш8-15шт, S й'4
1-1.5mm, ±©а1)|С(1Ф?4ЙЖ 4fcg^Zn4H(>(CH£S. РЖ
U, AS 15-25cm, Й5«=Г t K. 2 L, Й©Ш£±ФЙКt
<М>>Ж4-о t-o <. №'Ь#©Т?Ш< ft 0, 4s. 0 a#йнЖ
Д$5шпН£, М-'НЙ-ЬНЯ, BJ¥<, 7 - 9 0, 2 9к©И
РЙЛЧК<, CO22'Hgti2/J'TE^ibft0,
r&tt-c, шадд. ±Я'Ь/е($-Ф1оад1±-с, go, фзшт
4-ей? < 2 8!, '£й*‘Н1Т, etift$7-12mm, 4Wf-^Wlll L, СМЙЙ
-r*. mfi£3mm. ядаоФйнФй
<t U®Ti5. ?kfeW2n = 40, 42.
(ОП8-ЮЯ. M) ИВ, ЛМГ^5. ФЖ ФН4ЬЖ, -^П. 9 d УЦй
9- у (Я5е:<лЛ'£) 0Л/Л-К^ЛвЬПЛ:Й1'Ш.,
ftsftfb ffioi©t»n^K4oto<Mftd< zhm^ftl±|--r^e(tL:^fy-ty f
ca< t,
Perennial in grassland of low montane regions, with long rhizomes covered with scaly
sheaths. Culms tufted, erect, Im tall or so; leaf-blades flat, 15-40 cm X 8-15 mm, glabrous or
loosely hairy; ligules 1-1.5 mm tall, pale-brownish, with minutely serrate and ciliate upper
margins. Panicle suberect, 15-25 cm long; branches smooth, 2-6 per node, with loose spikelets
on the upper halves. Spikelets sessile and pedicellate ones in pairs; hardly compressed, 5 mm
long. Glumes equal, as long as spikelet, indurate, 7 to 9-nerved; the upper weakly keeled along
the middle 2 nerves. Spikelet 2-flowered; lower floret staminate, sometimes asexual; lemma
hyalin, 1-nerved, as long as glumes. Upper floret bisexual; lemma hyalin, lanceolate, deeply
bifid, with torted and geniculate awn 7-12 mm long. Anthers 3 mm long. At maturity pedicel-
late spikelet falling entire; sessile spikelet falling off attached with rachis-intemode and
pedicel of the other spikelet. Chromosome number 2n = 40, 42.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, n. China, Siberia.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 330. Honda(1925): 67-69. Tsvelev(1976,84): 685-686. Koyama(1987):
393-395.
664
2S: iTWi -> fcd'Sfi Paired spikelets.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
S : lllSJfeltl=i«i@?Kfiz$ IX. 3, »МЙгЦПП.19
665
5 MlYAMA-ABURA-SUSUKl[Jap.]
Spodiopogon depauperatus Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7:641(1899).
El 50-80cm, ЙЭДОф * !i 2tnm £ 0 .
7-20cm, ш 10-15ШШ, £ 0.5*1.5mm, TE/fttif*, ft?
10cm m, Й1ХТ^-С«-®11-2(3)*ЩТ, $ 4 - 5mm.
О t o(^-/hW E 4> о t-О £, 'Ьйот-саг); < ft
0, %rj?< <®<, 7-8Я1к^4>Ъ, rutlfffiicgg, iff
Е>ГЙ^*Ч±Л^. ^-t3^O)ttt/h$7x2ftt7xb, &ФЙ
H2'NEZnf>ft:b, »RS, Ш, Я№31ШЪ, S-'JWftt, О
1Ш< 2SH, ^)1оИй'Ь£йЧН-С, en-ftS 8-12inm, UH, й^йВГг-bS. ШД?3
П1Ш.
(7ЕИЯ16-8Я. (5Hi) Ф)Н(4Ь • Ф«)©0«^®В/с|1Л6^Й. * Т x'^WlllW. (1§)Ж<п*'
?') 7 У 7Лл4Ч1ТЕ^4>% Пл! oTSsHT#'йФ'С’', fi7/7AX+oai<lit t-?7/7
х х =т <t ЯЮх% 5 fcWifcI'. КЖ£ ШГйФ Ъ.
**7У5хя+.......ажя>< ^0»<ЬФ£йЧОН?:Й;? 15-40сш,
d'MUfertr 7-limt'ot, НЙТЕФЯД^ 15-25СШ. 4Ж1й~Л)Щс^о 5.
И"/777ЛЛ +.....Olifii'. 7-20сш, 4Ш
ЙГ£К13-5®о£, РШЕ/t-liftS lOcrnlW *ЛК4Ь-Ф®)оЕ1ф®{йиой.
й>Е>Шг, MWs1®l'i<bWi& J: tit tdtfc5 г <t
Perennial growing in mountainous regions along the Japan-Sea, with short rhizomes. Culms
tufted, erect, 50-80 cm tall. Though closely allied to S. sibiricus, they are distinguished as
follows:
S. sibiricus..Rhizomes long, creeping. Leaf-blades linear, 20-40 cm long, ligules ciliate on
upper margins. Panicle 15-25 cm long, bearing 7-11 spikelets per branch.
S. depauperatus...With short rhizomes. Leaf-blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 7-20
cm x 10-15 mm, ligules glabrous. Panicle ca. 10 cm long, bearing 3-5 spikelets per branch.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Uncommon; n. to c. Honshu, along the Japan-Sea). REFER.
Clayton(1986): 330. Koyama(1987): 410.
666
2S: 4J1Ri tc <> fc'1'Я Paired spikelets.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
ABi;RA-susuKi[Jap.]
Spodiopogon cotulifer (Thunb.) Hack, in DC., A. et C., Monog. Phan. 6:187(1889).—
Andropogon cotulifer Thunb.(1784).---Miscanlhus cotulifer (Thunb.) Benth.(1881).—Ec-
coilopus cotulifer (Thunb.) A. Camus(1923).--E. andropogonoides Steud.(1854).
гшитш-с во-юо™. жшдгдо-
60cm, № 1-1.5cm, i'< НМ* < < Й V \ L ШК.»
tot, OtOlbW Ш 10cm rVx*. 2-4inni,
ЙП5. №TSL. ft? 20-30™, &афШ£, W,
i 7x T>. £ 3 - 5cm, tsAOidi TЙ' 2>. аЙ $ 6mm, Sffi® И £ Z^%jto
£. 5-9JHU. W3<,
ШШхЙ^й'£> 0, KtoiWttt?>. 4 £ 4 £ 2 4ТЕйШхТ> t ©<',
юж дамзсшт -ж<281с,
Ш№1ХЖЬ, J: СМ, < OTWlWZPS. &L^iX3 (IS, Шй£3тт. 2n=40.
(ТЕМЯ) 9-ЮЛ. (Я-Ф) «Ж, *#1, ВД, Л)Н. ЙЙЙ», -&Й’, ФМА^., Т'/К.
ап*. / а
Ti <о Ю Ж). т гЛ о ®а> Д- е о |н| л» д t' И а £с т>. 4'^йай1й о п е о t о й W к & о t о
£, ^а^АТй'Т).
ffl-ttS. (У-t) 0*оШ<'аШ4> Eccoilopus ГАН-сйЖ
at£i\ W. D. Clayton ©OK-1 ot Spodiopogon KAhfc.
Tall perennial in damp, sunny grassland or thickets. Culms tufted, unbranched, 80-150 cm
tall. Leaf-blades linear, 40-60 cm x 1-1.5 cm, very rough especially on and near margins;
midribs thick and white, elongated into petiole-like stalks 110 cm long in the lower cauline
and radical leaves; ligules 2-4 mm tall, pubescent on dorsal surfaces. Panicle drooping, 20-30
cm long; branches semi-verticillate, smooth, with loose racemes on the upper part. Spikelets
ca. 6 mm long, paired, short-and long-pedicellate ones; both falling off above pedicels at
maturity. Glumes as long as spikelets, alike, 5 to 9-nerved, rounded on back, shallowy bifid
at apices. Lower lemma membranous hyalin, faintly 1-nerved; the upper deeply bifid, with a
strong awn inserted between the teeth; awn ca. 15 mm long, contorted and geniculate.
Stamens 3. Anthers 3 mm long. Chromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu. Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), Korea, Chinese
Continent. Taiwan. India. REFER. Clayton(1986): 330. Honda(1925): 67-69 (in Jap.). Bor
(1973); 145. Koyama(1987): 393-395.
2S: ij fe^flcrxofc 2 4'<8 Paired spikelets, long & short pedicelled.
MA: p Margin of leaf-blade.
668
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE +07’7'7 ЛЛ+Й
xO.82
S' HiSlIft^lliMA-ifnH IX.11
669
*7 'J* WASE-OBANA[Jap.]
Saccharum spontaneum L. var. arenicola (Ohwi) Ohwi, Fl. Jap. rev. ed.: 1440(1965).—S.
arenicola Ohwi(1949).
ДС ЖФЬ'СЙлд, й^ПпЩ,
3E3B<0f£ti8mm L, *) h, ±Л©ТЕЯ ©Tt-ftttLfclfcSfc&S
Ф*. 30-70cm, Ш 4 - 6mm, Я® < , &t £' ФШШ' < Sfe, Tffi
ltW>4<SfcW5. -^«©^9 t^D®rfi6e.Oft^7iUt£, 2-3mm. Fit»
ftl4ft©ibD Г>< О^йадкок, 20~40cm, ^%ЙЙ, ^©йй!й> b ft 9 , МШ
2 4 - 6mm, 4Г1Й<ЬЖ^— 2 2 - 3mm,
4-5mm, 1Ж11Х ©Sfe^mL, Й&-=ё© Д $4ХФЙ© 2 - 3 ®.
<h|H]ft, ^йТ'5-П'£!Я, 2W^ 0, 4-:-ь®^хЖЙ<. ТЯ'НЕ
(^-ФТЕЖШ. ±7/d4E(®-d4E)HWft-C, 1.5mm. 2n=56.
(TEW 8-9 Я. *)Ц*¥?^Ж(^ЖЖЙБ~ЖЖЖ). НУ^(ЮИ!Шр. (И£<7)*'^ ft
OAi/A fc
MXXL-UfiMf Ibicfxsco-C, X < ЮЛ?£*. ШШ S?O±$©^ VW. (/-HA#
&НЭД1ХЛАНЙиВй‘<'>Й*< 1НФ:1Ж©^Тп, var. spontaneum ? v-tt''
b-tKsijLfc.
-ts. 'NL|»c(1987)ttffiqt^№W>X ШРтиВ'М ШЖ©ОШ<. 9
9, OWKiftUOil-ets x 5 Aco-C-, йМ^ойй4
> о лф, нййфйшм.
Robust perennial growing on the seashore, with long, thick, rhizomes. Culms solid, tufted,
erect, 1 m tall or more, to 8 mm in diam. near base, densely pilose with appressed hairs under
the panicles. Leaf-blades 30-70 cm x 4-6 mm, scabrous and green above, glaucous beneath,
with white, conspicuous midribs; pilose at the mouth and on margins of leaf-sheath; ligules 2-
3 mm tall. Panicle 20-40 cm long, with many racemes densely arranged on long axis; racemes
erect, many-noded, with internodes 4-6 mm long. Spikelets paired, sessile and pedicellate
ones; both alike. 4-5 mm long, with verticillate long hairs 2 3 times as long as the spikelet at
their bases. Glumes as long as spikelet, coriaceous; the lower 2-keeled, the upper 1-keeled and
boat-shaped. At maturity, pedicellate spikelet falling off apart the pedicel; while the sessile
spikelet together with the raceme-internode and the pedicel. Chromosome number 2n=56.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Pacific coast of c. Honshu}. According to J. Ohwi, the typical
phase occurring in southernmost Kyushu, and widespread in tropics and subtropics of the Old
World. REFER. Clayton(1986): 330-331. Lazarides(T980): 67-69. Koyama(1986): 414-416.
Hatusima(1971): 700.
CU: |-.Ж Upper part of culm. TS: Wi. Transverse section of culm and sheath.
D: L Гс7Е4й<О1Й|н1Л 'hffiffi&.t P-'XIWd'S Separated rachis segment with a pedicel and a spikelet
670
671
XX^f SusuKifJap.] Eulalia, Euly [Eng.]
Miscanthus sinensis Anderss., Ofvers. Vet.-Acad. Forhandl. 12:166(1855).--------Saccharum
japonicum Thunb.(1794), in part.----M. purpurascens Anderss.(1856).----M. coreensis Hack.
(1904).---M. hidakanus Honda(1930).
0.6-2П1, SffRiig 3 - 7mm. OW 20-60cm, fg 6~20mn>, -x 0 »tt> f £
1.5mm HE,
iii6. £ 20-30cm, 10-25*fi<L’O^‘bZc 6, $U 10-30cm. &
5-7mm, ЙШ-Й £ t fclibf Й*
7-12mmOfi-g^jK^.-rs. WOt
5-7Ж, $1®тн-езт<>. ^-(^t)
^(Ш0ФТЕо^®1ШЙ, «f<, ftt«<2^L, Siwao^^ibft^e
e*Xft$8-15mm, 'ЖКЗВШЬ, < OWtglfttS. 2n=35,
36, 38, 40, 41, 42.
item) 8-юл. (ж) мо, на, мн. 5Ш. -т-й^шжж т фв
Хй, ctiW, 7 л И е'>, W-y^-fa, -vu-->7. 7 Т т^ИфИ. (Ж£<7>*'£') хх^ДхИ
Л < Шсв®й>£< , tzti Ь ф 7 х х + i ©KM^ii^n-rnoigtcnSL-C*^. П£5Ж
S"C', ^©4rA7t+xx + forma purpurascens Nakai L <k -S>.
< Оя^вй»8е$$ПХЬ'£й*‘, I- лх + t f я / ^x x + ^^icgl^-6.
Perennial growing in low grassland and lower mountain belts. Culms densely tufted, erect.
0.6-2 m tall, 3-7 mm in diam. near base. Leaf-blades 20-60 cm X 6-20 mm, with very rough
margins; midrib white and conspicuous; ligules ca. 1.5 mm tall, short-ciliate on upper margins.
Panicle nodding, consisted of 10-25 racemes 10-30 cm long; central axis far shorter than
racemes. Spikelets paired, long and short pedicellate ones; both alike. 5-7 mm long, bearded
at base with white to purplish hairs 7-12 mm long. Glumes equal, as long as spikelet; the
lower 5 to 7-nerved, the upper 3-nerved. Lower (sterile) lemma membranous, hyalin, nerve-
less; upper lemma deeply bifid, awned between the teeth, awn 8-15 mm long, exserted,
geniculate. Chromosome number 2n=35, 36, 38, 40, 41, 42.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus), s. Sakhalin, s.
Kurils, Korea, Chinese Continent, Taiwan to Indochina. REFER. Clayton(1986): 332-336. Key
to Miscanthus spp.... Ohwi(1965): 188. Koyama(1987): 396.
672
MA: tfco-ч 9 Margin of leaf. TS: f?«OЖКЙ Transverse section of culm
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
#: XI. 8
673
Й Tz) TAKA-NO-HA-susuKi[Jap.] Zebra GRASs[Eng.]
Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. forma zebrinus (Nichols.) Nakai, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 31:15
(1917).-Eulalia japonica Trin. ex Steud. var. zebrina Nichols.(1888).
xx+oWnSt, +
Ch-tc^L, iMif V-)W^xx + forma variegatus Nakai
(1917) t/c, ;шашхх+«ь-(,
(ГШ%Я®№ВД 11g p.149, 1942) i Lt a 5f+xx+, >r
XZ^, -f У X X 3=-, Ayt+f У XX^, ^'/ x x +, -j )- X X ^-, yvZ/+, .+ У ->vXX^-,
7 hя®й¥р r±w^J (i709)m
•>J £££.
Cultivated perennial as ornamental plant in gardens. Leaf-blades transversely variegated
with white bands.
REFER. Ohwi(1942b): 148-150.
>f F Tg) lTo-susuKi[Jap.]
Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. forma gracillimus (Hitchc.) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11:
149(1942).--M. sinensis var. gracillimus Hitchc.(1901).
t^tiOtJfibxx+Oiat’, ^^»<<i|S5minfcTF, WMWt
Vptt< + £ 1ЕЯШ.
(6HD ^jHi, ИВ, Affi, 5ЙЖ, Wifi, (/-hl 4 lxx*ti7> A.S.
Hitchcock + L-Cifr£ L/cO^? 4 <h Ь <1^.
d'*W£*Aittfco-c, ^xx+ti ГШН7
la^j (1712^гГА)^%ж<1'< lUrOi^fii^,
££b, L гй'Ьй'Ъ.
Perennial growing in sunny grassland or cultivated as ornamental plant. Different from the
typical phase by far narrower leaf-blades up to 5 mm wide, and usually by looser panicles
with shorter racemes.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyus). REFER. Ohwi(1942b): 148-
150.
674
MA: 0 Margin of leaf-blade.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE +
8: Tg ; Ш1М]£x. 5, Tz; и в. 6
675
» + У з *>XX3f HAcmzYOH-SL'SUKilJap.l
Miscanthus condensatus Hack., Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 639(1899).-M. sinensis Anderss. var.
condensatus (Hack.) Makino(1917).-—M. miser Nakai(1938).
®W<, ff-tiiS? 1-2.5m, 2cm Ц1
1.5-4cm, FiiitiW
ts: < W. WWW. % i о < WCfc Ъ 4 < Wtf'4 U*.£#
ОЙ?ЖГХАЗЗХ>ЧЙ4 o<<><. SrS-ttiS £ 2mm, Z 20-30cm, Ш
ffi<, ШШЖШИЖЙШ. ФЙНЖ
tgl4©On, Л2 5 - 7mm, 5-7R£%ib, ШтЖ.
2Ф7ЕЛ 9
<> 2S,
#< Офг^й'^о-С, -£Oft;Stt5-8miB. 2n=38.
(7ЕЯН 8-юл. (Ж) *ЖМЖ • Жй&йЬШ), гая. ЖН, » 7 < П-/. 9 4 У1й
Г|ё)£л*'?] ВЙГ!4Л. жа-c^rt'^. ЖИ*а 1.5-4СШ, 0 Sit о Тс < 4fcWi
£ АЖ^Ъ-ойЖ, + bts.z ififct,'. < t-ЙЖ. tS'OM
ИЖ-13. O-b) 1ЛЙН4О * * 4-KLlt^. иг>ймсй-Л-С, ftfttPjZt 4>oii-
5 ГЖ, ФГОй^ЖГ
ЖЛНбР<>ft61', хл+o^gi Lti'fc/j>, ОФйЫ.вН-б^'О'б. xx +
t oFmllc 1=1 йЧтЪП £P>L<. X / ^vxx + ftfi J: !t*n< v' Ъ.
Robust perennial growing near the seashore in the warm-temperate regions. Culms densely
tufted, erect, 1-2.5 m tall, up to over 2 cm in diam. near base. Leaf-blades flat. 20-80 cmX15-
40 mm, light green and glossy above, glaucous beneath, smooth; margins smooth, entire to
obtusely dentate under high magnification; ligules ca. 2 mm tall, with truncate and glabrous
upper margins. Panicle consisted of many densely clustered racemes; racemes thicker and
denser than those of M. sinensis. Spikelets 5-7 mm long, bearded at base with 5-8 mm long
hairs; awns exserted. Chromosome number 2n = 38.
DISTR. Japan (c. Honshu to RyukyusL Taiwan, Philippines. NOTE Intermediate forms
between M. sinensis and M. condensatus. occurring in low frequency in the transitional
regions between seaside and inner land. REFER. Clayton(1986): 332-333. Koyama(1987):398.
676
MA: !> Margin of leaf. 2S: o fc'bffi Paired spikelets.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE +
# 9 Л* X Н Зг KARIYASU-MODOKl[Jap.]
Miscan thus oligostachyus Stapf, Kew Bull. 1898: 227(1898).-M. malsumurae Hack., Bull.
Herb. Boiss. 7: 640(1899).
60-90cm, 1 - 3mm, 4 - 6 l~> fc Ь, ^тТЛ'О Ь £ 1340
cm, Ж6-14гот-СХЯ + еГ)>Кй^Х>', .11^0 t ftSlOcmfclT,
x + <t ЬЙ< t®:ibd‘<, ТЙ t
2 2 - 3mm, 'x i) Ю0Й> < ^»t2-5®O^6Z£b, felt* $ 7-15cm,
7 - 8шт.
<W-Sm'Kt 1«1Д, зш, 23 t£tc5||lj^4t>, Шв
Sb, ЩН4*. &-(^)/KEO^mW<t ЬФФ®<, ШЙЙМ-СТВ)]© Шй^!), |W
Zcl\ ^-(^tt)/b7Bogmrtft§4-5mm, ЙВД-С,
&Х&3 8-15mm, <fc |*j!gm Х Ь 'h$ < , Ш, -х (? Ъ. mft 2 Зтш 1Ж
&feW 2п = 38.
(7Ш18-9Я. ПЖ#Ж. /МН, ШИ, f Л 7ЖЙПШЖ&ЕШ11. га
ClllOf&WЮХх х +, 9-Vx^e iZ>'^'Zc<
RO!b LI' % OtctH£ 5. (|b)£<7>*'£') xx+^it-iX, ЙИЖ<, Ж <1^1-Зшт, Ш1«М
-х t) «ХЖт, il&tt2-51@. ^©TffiiOXttXP>RLft^£:b. ifc«|
Ф»Ш * Их -о < ь ?£> 6 A\ Зт&Зз, 3 - 8 f, L < Г/J^ft^etMi
t Zc£.
Perennial growing on mountainous regions, with knotty short rhizomes. Culms a few tufted
or solitary, erect, 60-90 cm tall, 1-3 mm in diam. 4 to 6-noded; nodes tomentose with minute
hairs. Lower leaf-blades linear, 13-40 cm X6-14 mm, but the upper ones narrowly lanceolate
with obtuse bases, under 10 cm long; thinner and softer than those of M. sinensis, loosely
pilose usually on lower or both surfaces, margins sometimes smooth; ligules lacerate and
ciliate on upper margins. Panicle consisted of 2-5 racemes subdigitately arranged on the main
axis, racemes 7-15 cm long. Spikelets paired, long and short-pedicellate ones; both alike,
tawny, 7-8 mm long, bearded with long hairs at bases. Glumes as long as spikelet; the lower
3-nerved, with 2 teeth at apex; the upper acuminate at apex, 3 to 5-nerved. Lower (sterile.)
lemma hyalin, faintly 1-nerved; the upper (fertile) 4-5 mm long, hyalin, awned at apex; awn
8-15 mm long, exserted. Chromosome number 2n = 38.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 570-571.
Koyama(1987): 398-400.
2S: i tc -? fc'haii Paired spikelets, long & short pediceled.
MA: i; Margin of leaf-blade
678
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE *
ST «= у *Flll vm.29
679
**1 ytM On-HIGENAGA-KARIYASU-MODOKl[Jap.]
Miscanthus in termedius (Honda) Honda in Nakai, Icon. Pl. Asia Orient. 1 (4): 64 & t. 29
(1936).--M. longiberbis Nakai var. intermedius Honda(1933).-M. tinctorius Hack. var.
inlennedius (Honda) Ohwi(1942).-M. oligoslachyus Stapf var. inlermedius (Honda) Y. Lee
(1964).
Ф>Н(4Ь • ФЖ® 1-1.8m,
ЖЖЙ<ft £ 20-60cm, ® 1-2.5cm t, nIS t О t ft $
15cm fclTKtiftiof, 5 t Ж
g-tiW-C, ®^l-2mm, Wi6-10*©^>6Zx!), Wit
fttfctiio, Д?10-15сш. д$7-8шт, SSKCii
'J<<t 9®1'(5 - 7тт)^^ОД^^ШФФ2>. WitU'J'JUBft ±^Л-3-5Йй'Й>0, Affile
% 2Sl-rs. ^-(Т^)Ф7ь©«ЖЙ-сТВ1]ео ШйЧМ,
1(^Н:)Ф1Ео^^Ф*Жй^<!:^о-С|фО'ЖЬ, £ 4 - 7mn>, *fc
&:Ь-Гй4с<>£Ж1.-С1':Ь. ^iift^4mm. ^1ЫШ2п=114.
(ТЕМЯ) 8-9Я. (5НП ф-яаь-ф^)оа«м (Irisov)
хх+й>15И^©йй^< -с®с6й><, №Ш6-10 ФМ£-с, d'^To^tid<X f)fi<(xx
+-C(id<LIWftU±), £^Ъ-Гй»^Ф^1'СЖ^йг'<О^-СЯ>^Н-1Ь4г2>. * У+л-t 1Чй>ЬИ£
<t < 1сЖо(ййЧК < , 'i-tx-t i'44-7iii:
Л У txt F+ 8-15тв)ЮйЯО1,££й?>. Й4<0ШХФГв*Ш!Л‘ЖФ-Г< . й^г<1 iXM У
6.
Perennial growing in mountainous regions along the Japan Sea, with short or somewhat
long rhizomes. Culms a few tufted to solitary, 1-1.8 m tall, to 5 mm in diam. near base.
Leaf-blades 20-60 cm x 1-2.5 cm; rough on margins, glaucous and usually sparsely pilose
beneath; ligules truncate, 1-2 mm tall. Panicle composed of 6-10 racemes digitately arranged
on short main axis; racemes 10-15 cm long. Spikelets paired, long and short-pedicellate ones;
both alike, 7-8 mm long, bearded with white hairs 5-7 mm long at their bases. Glumes alike,
3 to 5-nerved, sparsely hairy on back. Upper (fertile) lemma hyalin with a hardly exserted
awn 4-7 mm long. Different from M. oligostachyus in far larger vegetative parts and in
spikelets with shorter awns not or hardly exserted. Chromosome number 2n = 114.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (n. to c. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 570-571. Koyama
(1987): 400.
MA: b Margin of leaf-blade. TS: ft-ОЙКгШ Transverse section of culm.
2S: WKts. fc'bffi Paired spikelets
680
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE +
S : ШЙШЙТШН VIII. 10, IX. 16
681
Й 9 'V X KARIYASU[JapJ
Miscanthus tinctorius (Steud.)Hack. in DC., Monogr. Phaner. 6:103(1889).-------Saccharum
tinctorium Steud.(1854).---M. sieboldii Honda(1930).
Й*С-СЙ$ 60-100cm,
$®O*?H^2-4mm. Ш'Мт^Й'±-Г£. 0, fi$8-
20cm, *g 6-12mm, Ъ Й‘±®О t О Я&1 i 11 Я' ЪК-^ib >). Ф
2-3mm. ft/?ЯКЯ‘Й*, 3-10 *Я£
7Е/?ФЙ1ЯЯ/£ЯЛ:^.<, л$1.5-3ст, ^ЯД$ 7-12cm. 'ЖШИ
*$5-6mm, 1fitЪ.
^O', 'Mfiil^fi, 3 8R, 2*^S> <), JWCftMl'.
2'J'ft^ZcSto-c. T£(?W'J'ftomW, ЖЯ-cMft, figUi&t'. ЫЖй)
d'fto^HT^/bftt|S)S-c*ft, ФЙ^НФОЧН-Г-irtfci'. ЙЙ
ЯЙ^2тшй<), ^!tfi$ 2.5mm. 2n = 76~78, 103-109.
md 8-юл. (яап w/ш. (ееол'Г) яя+к^, 'j'Sx'1-.-лк.
3-10*, L i, О^ё
©,£-?, AHxti4iftts^ne>w. (7-hj ш«4Шйн.
Ъ. Я&о£я Г/iJ(ifji'J ©ЗШ'Ы^.
Perennial growing in mountainous regions of central Honshu, with short knotty rhizomes.
Culms loosely tufted, 60-100 cm tall, 2-4 mm in diam. near base, with tomentose nodes.
Leaf-blades 8-20 cm x 6-12 mm, glabrous except the very bases; sheaths not or hairy; ligules
mostly rounded and 2-3 mm tall. Panicle consisted of 3-10 racemes digitately arranged on
short main axis; racemes 7-12 cm long. Spikelets paired, short and long-pedicellate ones, both
alike, 5- 6 mm long, bearded at base with shorter hairs than the spikelet. Glumes tawny, as
long as spikelet, pilose on back; the lower 3-nerved, shallowly bifid at apex; the upper acute
at apex. Lower lemma lanceolate, faintly 1-nerved; the upper clearly 1-nerved, unawned or
short-awned at apex, awn included in the spikelet. Distinguished from M. sinensis in smaller
size, nearly lanceolate uppermost leaf, shorter and nearly erect racemes 3 to several in
number, and especially by the spikelet awnless or very short-awned included in the spikelet.
Chromosome number 2n=76-78, 103-109.
DISTR. Endemic to Japan (Uncommon; c. Honshu). REFER. Clayton(1986): 570-571. Koya-
ma(1987): 400-402. Key to Miscanthus spp.... Ohwi(1965): 188. Koyama(1987): 396.
682
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
S : IX. 6
683
b ToKiwA-susuKi[Jap.]
Miscanthus floridulus(Labill.)Warb. ex K. Schum. et Lauterb., Fl. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Siidsee:
166(1901).---Saccharum floridulum Labill.(1824).--------S. praegrande Steud.(1854).-----M.
japonicus Anderss.(1855).----M. formosanus A. Camus(1925).
;k<0, L< x x +1 0 $ Ы-А
Ж*. 1.5-3.5m. 30-80cm, *S 15-35mm,
1.1Й0Й^Й< >S-ttiS5$ 2mm i'ii't?,
*><>©#£*. 30-50cniT?*g©2&U±r£cb, ФЙ%ШЭЖ
-С±ЙВ©Ш1ТЛ©t© 1 btifcfMc&V'. ££ii.W, иШЩ!й< 'CW L, ft?8-20an, #9©
. /J'Wift £ 3-3.5mm, ^3Bttift? 4 - 6mm © ft
WOHWBK'MWJibfHsMmn. UU 2Ф7ЕЛ *)
^-ФГЕ©^1'Х1ИЙ*Ж, ^-Ф1ГЕ©^1ШЙЙМ-С5Ё«^< 2Я ft $ 8-15mm ©£//£> О-СФЙ
Я-К?о£Ш-Г. ШИ2п=36, 38, 57.
(TESS) 7-8Я-Схя + Л (Ж) *М(ИЖЙЖШ), В9®, Affl, « ФИ±ЙЖ
ЗВ, ЖЖ± >7©±рВ)>. 9 d УЖЙ1Я-а. - * I/ К-7ft. (|н)Й©6' ?) st •ЬйЧ'^”1"1'ЛЛ + ^Й
хх^.....6-20mm, О;©Ф»Ш < X, ^©ЛЙВ^/J^t-1 11 о Л
'hWift S 5 - 7mm.
|- + 7хл+...i5-35mm, -ЙВНЛ£Й-Т. 7EJr©4>№tift< t, bsio-сШ
Ъ. 'J'Btift? 3-3.5mm. + WI4'.
(x-b) W.D.Clayton(1986) ttxx +gK:oi>-c ГЖ^к: ±208, Ф.i L-CJg~TO7
РШ7? У Wife© 1 5 4Мтб. 7i?7fii$M^f©l>Mt£
Mt6/A 7 у ±Ж'1,Л7Е/Т:©Ф||Ьй5й < fc D, t £ t Ь"С^11Ж Miscanthidium 1 + 7X
x + it jTj^ О'оЦ Ъ Ф W-C& 6 J ± IB-Г.
Robust perennial growing in lowland and hillside in warm-temperate regions, with thick
and short rhizomes. Culms densely tufted in large clumps, 1.5-3.5 m tall. Leaf-blade flat, 30-
80 cm x 15-35 mm, with very rough margins and white midnerves, glabrous except for basal
tomentose portion; ligules 2 mm tall, short fimbriate on upper margins. Radical leaves often
pass the winter keeping green. Panicle over two times as long as the width, consisted of
numerous racemes; racemes 8-20 cm long, evidently shorter than the central axis attaining
30-50 cm long. Spikelets paired, short and long-pedicellate, 3-3.5 mm long, bearded at base
with white hairs 4-6 mm long. Glumes alike, as long as spikelet, glabrous or short-hairy on
back. Lower lemma hyalin, nerveless; upper lemma deeply bifid, awned from the sinus; awn
8-15 mm long, Chromosome number 2n = 36, 38, 57.
DISTR. Japan (Pacific side of central Honshu and westward, Shikoku, Kyushu, Ryukyusl,
most part of South-East Asia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 570-571. Lazarides(1980): 58. Key to
Miscanthus spp.... Ohwi(1965): 188. Koyama(1987): 396.
684
МА: й<#Л'х0 Margin of leaf. TS: Transverse section of culm.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
Я OGl[Jap.]
Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.)Benth., Joum. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 65(1881).-Imperaia
sacchariflora Maxim.(1859).-1, euralioides Miq.(1867).-M. hackelii Nakai(1930).-M.
ogiformis Honda (1939).
2.5rn, 1-1.5cm, 20-80™, tg 1 - 3cm, MliGHU<SW, ТШ*ФФ
»afe, даш
Й2 25-40cm, ФВоД^Н
5 - бшш, 10-15mm cDai'ft-=g^^.-t?>. »W|s|,
шшяд, жянп<-cWHZc<, иш'даошо
-с, ^-(^)ф^о^нтж, LiiLH’lS
Lyt£^4>od‘, S.<X, &fe#H2n=57, 64, 76.
(ОН 9-ЮЛ. (Ж) «ig, Ш ИН, Л)Н. ВДЖ Фй^ЙВ, ’>*')-. ^>f ygjfetivl?
X л+ <’.£><>5/£««-?, ытс-е©
ЕЯИ^?, Ф /т<Ф.
хх-+..$К4. ШЖН&<, Ф»ЙВ©^©Д£НФЙЮ l-2fg. Ф
Ж©е'НД<-СФЙО^Ф^ФЖФ^. agoijg, ^ofe(fife, ОЖ ^fe*i*),
ШГ'А-tV'.
* ¥...ткйоШйФ. ЖЖНД < , W-H 1 ффо№^-£ if «bfcSro. ФВ£ЙВо^©ЛЗНФВ© 2 -
4®-C&afe. =£НйЛ'й', ^SH^L-CV'?>.
Robust perennial growing on wet soil along the rivers or ditches, with long creeping
rhizomes covered with hard scales. Culm solitary, erect, 1-2.5 m tall, 1-1.5 cm diam. near
base, making an extensive colony. Leaf-blades 20-80 cm x 1-3 cm, with scabrous margins,
glaucous beneath; ligules a fringe of minute hairs. Panicle consisted of numerous, sub-
digitately arranged racemes on short main axis, racemes 20-35 cm long, pendulous. Spikelets
paired, short and long-pedicellate ones, both alike, 5-6 mm long, bearded at base with 10-15
nun long, white hairs. Glumes subequal, faintly 3-nerved; the lower as long as spikelet; the
upper slightly shorter, rounded and sparsely hairy on back. Lower lemma nerveless or faintly
1-nerved; upper lemma alike, awnless or very short-awned; awn straight, included in spikelet.
Chromosome number 2n=57,64, 76.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido to Kyushu), Korea, n. China, Far-East Siberia. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 332-333. Tsvelev(1976, 84): 693-694. Koyama(1987): 402-404.
686
MA: M#©-"'-') Margin of leaf-blade. 2S: Лс ->fc4'Я Paired spikelets, long and short pediceled.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
S: lUnlR^fp И
687
CHiGAYAfJap. j Blady grass, Cogon grass [Eng J
Imperata cylindrica (L.)Beauv. var. koenigii (Retz.)Pilger in Perk., Fragm. Fl. Philip.: 137
(1904).---Saccharum koenigii Retz.(1788).-----1, koenigii (Retz.) Beauv.(1812).---1, cylin-
drica var. major (Nees) С. E. Hubb.(1940).
Wi«? 30-80cm,
®C, ft? 20-50cm, Ш 7-12mm, ЙЙЙ
i4>»< fWftffiift'? 10-20cm, SlifiuL-c+tt
tex b-M', 'J'Wtftffi©
-Co^(g| 2S), ft? 3.5-4.5mm, SSlitcft? 12mmfit'Oft.^*W&-t?>.
IWft, 9, 9 tc&*©ft^£fc. % t *> t 2
ж--(^)ФГВо»1^Я^-с, ft? 1mm, Еомстойш. &-'МЕ©Ю1йШЬи
-СфЮЛОО/Ufi&o, fi£/L£>V£l\ ioL-<ti2M ЖХЯ ? 2.5mm,
ЙЖШ, b-C 0 tz-'i.
2n=20, 40.
(7ЕВД15-6Я. MJ itOi, ЕЗЯ, Affl, 7)7ЖФЖй, 77 v
*, ^-ХЬ7У7. * А УЩЁНН/к. (Е1£с©*'£) £lsg
(7—hl var. cylindrica = La^Mrzrs cylindricus L.(1759) £ JUf Jr, C©Stt7^7
ЖШ>6И?И*ЁФй»#Кt %. N. N. Tsvelev S©hi b ',&*>Ж£
fc6£l4>, L-CW-Ct'6. ? 6icfeMlE^1111(1980, 84)LtH
ftz<, ТЕШЦЧ, *ШШЛо>r±
гИО'*.
Perennial growing in sunny grassland, with long rhizomes covered by hard scales. Culm
solitary, 30-80 cm tall, slender but stiff, bearded on nodes with long, white hairs. Leaf-blades
flat, rough, 20-50 cm X 7-12 mm, attenuate toward both ends, often with short petiole-like
stalks above the leaf-mouth. Panicle dense, cylindrical, 10-20 cm long, with appressed short
branches, silvery-white covered with silky hairs. Spikelets paired, short and long-pedicellate
ones, both alike, 3.5-4.5 mm long, bearded at base with long hairs ca. 12 mm long. Glumes
equal, lanceolate, as long as spikelet, membranous, with faint nerves, ciliate on margins.
Lower (sterile) lemma hyalin, 1 mm long, irregularly serrate on upper margins, lipper
(fertile) lemma scaly, nearly nerveless. Stamens 2, with anthers 2.5 mm long. Pistil with 2
dark-violet stigmas, long exserted above the spikelet. Chromosome number 2n=20,40.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido to Ryukyus). Widespread in tropical to warm-
temperate regions of Asia, Africa and Australia, and introduced to N. America. NOTE The
typical phase with glabrous nodes seems to occur in Japan, too. REFER. Clayton(1986): 333.
Tsvelev(1976, 84): 691-692. Matsumura et al.(1980, 83, 84). Koyama(1987): 406.
688
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE +
IS : ФИМ? V.27
689
> Я *Г Unnuke[Jap.J
Eulalia speciosa(Debeaux) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2:775(1891).-------Erianlhus speciosus De-
beaux(1878).----Pollinia speciosaCJPebezwi) Hack.(1889).--Pseudopogonatherum speciosum
(Debeaux) Ohwi(1947).----Eulalia tanakae (Makino) Honda(1924).
Ж-Я1ФЙ!©1£|1|МЖ1-.Г1ХА6^^. 80-120cm, SftttWC
ПХ, 15-40cin. $5-8»»,
t «SfiW-elgA'.
kt4 - 9f), WiBiltЖЙН-й'и Д$10-15сш, Ш
04'llhrii^ < ©Й5^Й> 9 , ЙЯкЦ'ХЙ: $ 4шт (-t £'-С-=ё-&?Й£, $WOi5Г i 1СЙП,
ФЖЬД? 5mm, Wffi© % O(&-'J'$) i о £(H
2S), 1ШШ Xttfci
н^ГгПйй»
£. й?5тш. г 2mm, Й
< 2§{L, 2cm 4ШЯ $ 2mm & 0 ,
(TEW 9-10Я. *^НФ8К№% Л-Щ? W. ФИ, *-1, d v К. 9 Л у F.
(|Н)Й0*'Г1 -Ялл+Ж£.МГОх* »ад»их^©ФШй*>й5гГ<!1^П, ФЙ££itcft
*>££, $ЫсФШ©^1-1Хй1'^й^ФЬ7£1'С ttJt 0ЯШЛ5. #гЙ-Й©®Й&1б£9
/ЯГОЦИШЖ K=m»t*£V'5. -Г©Л4-,Л>Ь©£иЬ
ЛО5. (7-h) tzisb v* *-ойЖ£ LX X < A)'H#ft©ffifeffitiXi
Sfce>f,
Perennial growing on hillside in central Japan. Culms tufted, erect. 80-120 cm tall, their
bases turgid, enclosed by overlapped scaly sheaths (fig. SC); these sheaths tomentose with
golden-brownish hair% Leaf-blades 15-40 cm x 5-8 mm, glabrous except the basal portions,
sheaths glabrous or hairy on the upper part; ligules low and truncate. Panicle composed of 4-
9 racemes subdigitately arranged on short main-axis; racemes erect or slightly recurved, 10-
15 cm long, covered with short tawny hairs. The rachis many-noded; internodes ca. 4 mm
long, disarticulating with spikelets at maturity. Spikelets 5 mm long, paired, short and
long-pedicellate ones (fig. 2S), both alike. Lower glume 2-kceled along marginal nerves,
long-pilose on back. Upper glume 1-keeled along the faint midnerve. Lower lemma mem-
branaceous, 5 mm long; upper lemma 2 mm long, deeply bifid, awned between the teeth; awn
to 20 mm long. Anthers 2 mm long or more, purplish-brown.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; c. Honshu), Korea, s. China to India. REFER. Clayton(1986):
333. Bor(1960, 73): 157. Koyama(1987): 420-423.
SC: 9 A/lf fcii&ibt: Culm base covered by scales.
G^: Jft—-3810||fjjjj Dorsal view of G,. G,v: й?—'QSlWffilffi Ventral view of G,.
690
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
A1 > 77"^ ЛЛ+®
ft : IX.28
V > >г к 3f U NNUKE-MODOK1 [ J ар. J
Eulalia quadrinervis (Hack.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2:775(1891).-Pollinia quadrinervis
Hack.(1889).---Pseudopogonalherum quadrinerve (Hack.) Ohwi(1947).
$йШхМ, 60-100cm, hi",
10~30cm, Ш 3 - 7mm, ^о^ЖЖ
i lE.ifa з - 7м
M£6-12cm. 'J'£li Д $ 5 - 6mm,
ФЙ^-о < (Bl 2S) C i Ф, ЙЙФ i ^ОФЙ^ЙП Г i КЯМ d'Moltfc £ ft, ФЙ
O®jgi i Usui’* >я >r V5? У!
ЖГ o £ /> ft < л x., ?£h Ъ L -M L X OiX £ <5. ifefe (Ш 2n = 20.
(ОП 9-11Л. Ml E9S, AW, » ФЯ, ЖЙ7-^7П Г/F.
d я’Й WS®. [Isl^<7>*' £’) №ffi>7 уяу
7уя >r..f^X, ^feO^-^ЙФ.Ф^ <) ^Шо^'а£КЖ-К&Л.?>т
mr* K +......i /v Cfi=Sr/3tr9/vl'rttO^ftM^tciS< x, ФФй
kajQ^9^i'XM-=6.
ф'оОШ&Жit, •£hbkt)tо#Х-Й^ф2>.
Perennial growing on mountain belt of southern Japan. Culms tufted, erect. 60-100 cm tall;
resembling to E. speciosa, and differs as follows.
E. speciosa...Bases of culms turgid, enclosed by imbricated, scaly sheaths (fig. SC); the
sheaths tomentose with golden-brownish hairs. Leaf-blades glabrous except for often hairy
base. Lower glume usually densely hairy', and with 2 green marginal nerves in dorsal view.
E. quadrinervis...Bases of culms not or hardly turgid; imbricated sheaths enclosing them
gre nearly glabrous and somewhat glossy. Leaf-blades sparsely pilose on both surfaces.
Lower glume glabrous except for its upper margins, with 2 green marginal nerves on both
sides in dorsal view, and these nerves anastomosing near the apex.
Chromosome number 2n=20. DISTR. Japan (c. Honshu to Ryukyus), Taiwan s. China,
Philippines to India. REFER. Clayton(1986); 333. Bor(1960,73): 156. Koyama(1987); 420-423.
ЛР: QSeoMJB Apex of G„
G,v: Ж—Ventral view of G,. G>d: Dorsal view of G,.
692
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
ft fiamSUSWil) х. 1
693
A % I'l'ACHlGAYALJapJ
Pogonatherum crinitum (Thunb.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 1:478(1833).---------Andropogon crinitus
Thunb.(1784).----Homoplitis crinita (Thunb.) Trin.(1820).---Andropogon monandnts Roxb.
(1820).
WMI< 10-30cm, 3-6®
Ь'Ы£>), gSKtiig 77^4^5. J%£3-6cm, ФМ 3 - 5mm, о t Zb
o<. ^SH{£< JviWU&S. ST^OO-^ft^ft 1 ГЕ
^Oft$H2-3cm, 1-1.7mm,
iM^oTB/A^ft^ft<Og5tcJZi-j-?>(B2S). 'hWifci Л £'PWl^-C-ft $ 1.6-2mm, OSKUtW
О <> О ('iffi й' b> 1st ft X Ъ, Mffi © % О tigs ~ L ГС- Я ft ft: ЙЬТ41 & 10'WIR ФВ <0 Й Ъ ft: t $ ft 9 $
2 4ЧЕй>Й&Ь, ^-44E(T^'NE)ti*tt, Ф7Е(±Л’Ф7Юадй.
вадапьтмм, impft'. i-a-c,
ЭШЮи, Й*ЬТ^а. Imm&b-C».
1ЙЙЙЩ, 5Ь«2^ЬТЙЯ-оИй^ейЧФШ, etifv&fe. ftsismm, йф-с*<о?»кй<йфч.
lWi$e>r'hS<, ». fclzmifl, 0.8mm. 2n=20.
(OD 8-11JJ. ИВ, ЛЛН, OU><>5. ФНАЖ ?< 9 t**/, ти-
•>7, <7K-?t, < у l'tc/Кй^.
WWTEff, 1 'ftggKl 2 t о 7c Г О i 5 7£®«'h$7£< Oo-’K’
l-.tctix
Small perennial growing on rocky-cliffs and stone-walls in warm-temperate regions. Culms
densely tufted, erect, 10-30 cm tall, 3 to 6-noded. Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, 3-6 cm x
3-5 mm, glabrous but rough; ligules low, barely seen, fringed with distinctly long hairs. Only
one raceme erect on each tip of culms; the raceme 2-3 cm long, covered with golden-yellow
awns. Spikelets paired, one sessile and the other pedicellate; both alike 2-flowered, 1.6-2 mm
long. Lower glume slightly shorter than spikelet, laciniate at apex, awnless; upper glume as
long as spikelet, with a straight awn ca. 10 mm long. Lemma of the second (upper) floret
membranous hyalin, with a geniculate, strong awn up to 15 mm in length. Callus-hairs often
longer than floret. Stamen only one. At maturity the pedicellate spikelet free from its pedicel,
and the raceme rachis disarticulating into each internode attaching the pedicel and a sessile
spikelet. Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Common; s. Honshu to Ryukyus). Widespread in South-East Asia. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 334-335.
694
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE +
X7
гшит x. 5
695
SASAGAYA[Jap.]
Microstegium japonicum (Miq.) Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 43: 394(1929).----Pollinia japonica
Miq.(1867).---Leptatherum japonicum (Miq.) Franch. et Savat.(1879).
Д 2 2 - 7cm, fg 5- 10mm, ФФФН, ЙЦ5ФС,
btcfcfWf Шй'Е a 2 o.5mm. W<-1 2 - 6 ® Z£ 9 , mft$4-6cin,
$ 3-3.5mrn, ffiofiv 4 <r> i ffil' i ©
aWcfr о Д1'^©1Й^Д$ 2.5-3mm, ®A'W 1-1.5mm. ФЭДОЙНЖД $ 3 - 5mm A, t
QWU'bSUBft, Г-»Ф«М<,
Й< Г^ЬЛ*П2 -3ffi^J>9, ItKfot 2®CD«^№^. ^гУ&^ЗЖ&ЧЪ, ФШЬ*
$-4«*йА?!1ЙЙ}т Ш, Д$ИЩ1оШ£2/3, М~.TftktnSjlM
тфяю i/2 од§-с, як 2s, §!я-оий'1ьд$ 6 - 8гага о^^о^йчих, Фая-мФс/шТо
do'L-<fi2ffi. й^Д$1тт. &feW 2п = 20.
(ТЕЛЯ) 8-ЮЛ. «)й, ИИ, ЛЛ, » .-<А>-э5. ШМ, ФИ. =
9 А УЖЯЁк!0ф. (|s)£o*'?] Н^Йо^оЖо Ut,
toti-y-vA'-Vfc'tt. (айЧХЛ.7х 1 О-Ь) Ф/НФ4Ь35й>Ь4ЬЙЖt-й'Н,
о "С, 4=-var. boreale (Ohwi) Ohwi i <t И'Нб(И NO').
Annual growing in the forest of lowland or low mountain belt. Lower parts of culms
creeping and rooting at nodes, branched and often making a large colony; flowering branches,
erect, 15-70cm tall, witfrusually glabrous nodes. Leaf-blades lanceolate, 2-7cmx 5-10mm,
weakly undulate on margins; ligules 0.5 mm tall. Infiorescens consisted of 2-6 racemes sub-
digitately arranged on short main axis; racemes 4-6 cm long, gracile, with appressed pale-
green spikelets. Spikelets 3 3.5 mm long, paired, one with 2.5-3 mm long pedicel and the other
with 1-1.5 mm long pedicel; each pedicel with short verticillate hairs on the tip. Both glumes
as long as spikelet; the lower lacking midnerve, 2-keeled along 2-3 marginal nerves; the upper
3-nerved, 1-keeled and boat-shaped. Lower (sterile) lemma, nerveless, ca. 3/4 length of
spikelet; upper lemma hyalin, bifid, awned; awn delicate, 6-8 mm long, weakly flexuous.
Stamens 2, with anthers ca. 1 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido to Ryukyus), s. Korea, China, Caucasus. REFER.
Clayton(1986): 335-336. Tsvelev(1976,84): 694-696. Key to Microstegium spp.... Ohwi(1965):
190. Koyama(1987): 423-424.
696
2S: t, ~Ъ. Ssfic/i r> fc'hSfl Paired spikelets, long & short pediceled.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
#:|ОШ|«А'Ш IX. li, NO : ЙШЖ5Р»|11Г-'1Н VIII.30
697
5 M.IYAMA-SASAGAYA [Jap.]
Microstegium nudum (Trin.) A. Camus, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon n. s. 68: 201(1921).-Pollinia
nuda Trin.(1833).--Leptatherum royleanum Nees(1841).-----P. arisanensis Hayata(1918).
---M. arisanense (Hayata) A. Camus(1921).-----M. mayebaranum Honda(1930).
{gjLiottilbfUiAS, 20-90cm,
i «НХ-у-у-Л’Т Д$4-10сш, Фй 7-10шш,
о.5тт. 1ЕКИ 4 - 7 ® CgM "к >),
Д$4-8ст, О^ОФ^ФШ-ЮЙГ, ФЙоОТШ 6-7ШШ-С, 2
6. £ Зтт £, ti Е & Е ШЙ Гй I' (ffi IX О.Зтш fii')4>O «ЬЛ'ЭДкЛ-э to
£, d<tiS$4mn>, IRIftt. ^-^(Хф
£^О^0(СЙ<7гА?1г2-ЗЖй^*)1 %<>-<: 2 ^“^1X3
И^ФЖХЯЙ-С, 2^LfcO©^>
6 г i A flX-у-У-Л'-У i'£hts^\ isL-<fX 2 ®, Й1Х-Д $ 1mm. &feftiX 2n=20.
ЮТ9-10Я. (Ж) ФЖФЗШЙ), ИВ, ЛМ ФВАЙ~47К.
Л-, -У-У-Л'-У
y-y-if-y..й'Взйй'>ЬЖЙ^-Г?>. А^а^ + ^-У-^л'-y^^V'-c, ^«TAicti
®1'4>0й'^<, Eog $tX 6 - 8mm. Ф4ШФ.
«-у-г-у-у-Л'-у.ЖЖЬЗШЖо^йЁЙ. «1Хфф«1&й^<,
ОИИ4 0® < А< , $ IX 15-20тт. |1|ЙЁФ.
Annual growing in shady place of mountain belt. The habit is similar to the former species,
M. japonicum-, flowering branches 20-90 cm tall; nodes tomentose with minute hairs. Leaf-
blades lanceolate, 4-10 cm x 7-10 mm; ligules truncate, 0.5 mm tall. Inflorescence composed of
4-7 racemes 4-8 cm in Tength. Spikelets ca. 4 mm long, paired, one with 3 mm long pedicel and
the other with under 0.5 mm long pedicel (nearly sessile), with verticillate short hairs at the
tip of pedicel. The structure of spikelet is similar to that of M. japonicum, but the awn of
upper lemma to 15-20 mm long. Stamens 2. Chromosome number 2n=20.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; c. Honshu to Ryukyus), Taiwan, s. China to India. M.
japonicum differs from M. nudum as follows.
M. japonicum..Culm nodes glabrous except for var. boreale (Ohwi) Ohwi occurring in
northern half of Japan; lower leaf-blades usually shorter and diminished in size; clearly
pediceled spikelets paired; awn 6-8 mm long; common all over Japan.
M. nudum...Culm nodes tomentose with minute hairs; lower leaf-blades not so different
from the upper; pediceled and subsessile spikelets paired; awn 15-20 mm long; occurring in
southern half of Japan.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 335-336. Tsvelev(1976,84):695.
2S: J4W4- о 4, © i a L h i’MIR© *> © i -,£4'»
Paired spikelets, long-pediceled and nearly sessile one.
698
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE + t'®4t
«: тшяда ix.и, ix.22
699
# # "Y "Y Y OlI-SASAGAYA[Jap.]
Microstegium ciliatum (TrinJ A. Camus, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon n. s. 68: 201(1921).----Pollinia
ciliata Trin.(1832).--Andropogon biaristatus Steud.(1854).-----P. laxa Nees ex Steud.(1854).
----P. wallichiana Nees ex Steud.(1854).------P. monantha Nees ex Steud.(1854).-----A.for-
mosum Rendel(1904).
$ $ 60-80cm.
5 - 8cm, 4 - 7шт, C L BWfcTsftiZA _h$fc
2 - 3mro, - L
/Effli4-10 AO^A^ftO, 7-10cm, 5 f
3-4шш, Й $ 2шш L'offi’ar 4> й <0 L,
12Ф7Ей‘Е>
ftb, МШЫм.'. ^«2®L МШиаМ
2t«5, Ш-ЕЖК
Й-=Ёй>Я4Т^. Ь®, < L//b, <h£tUX&^£ftS.
i^ttTTEo^iiil-diLtg? 0.5тш&Ь, ^Й^ич-С. fcttr<8<2& ^#О|И|Й>!ЬЙ£ 6-20m
OMt, еШ^ф-СИЙТ*. fcl^OS, ЙИЙ? 1.7-2mm. 3fefeW 2n = 40.
(ОП 10-12Л. (Ж) Л1ОЙВ, ЙЕ». ФНЖЮ, L/F. И7Ш4
•/F. (la)^<7)fr?) Ш©ФЙ|Я|Ш&;£,
6Й\ ^-^Sgo^Zi'Ltf г <t,
L, L, L < $$ 2-3шт left SC
Annual growing in subtropics and tropics. Culms long creeping, rooting at nodes, much
branched, often making large colony. Leaf-blades lanceolate to linear, 5-8cmX4-7mm,
usually pilose above, glabrous beneath; ligules triangular, 2-3 mm tall, membranous, usually
light brownish. Panicle composed of >10 racemes; raceme usually tawny, thicker and more
hairy than those of the M. nudum and M. japonicum. Spikelets 3 4 mm long, paired, oneisca.
2 mm long-pediceled and the other subsessile, sparsely long-pilose both on rachis and pedicels.
Glumes both as long as spikelet; the lower lacking midnerve and 2-keeled along 2 nerves near
both margins; nerves anastomosing above with imperfect, short veinlets; the upper glume
boat-shaped, acute and sometimes short-awned at apex. Palea 2-keeled, long-ciliate on the
keel. Upper (fertile) lemma hyalin, 0.5-1 mm long, with 6-20 mm long awn. Stamens 3, with
1.7-2 mm long anthers. Chromosome number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; southernmost Kyushu, Ryukyus), Taiwan, s. Chinese Continent,
Indochina to India. REFER. Clayton(1986):335-336. Lazarides(1980): 56.
700
G,d: Dorsal view of G,. G,v:3? -'tsllMffiffi Ventral view of G,.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE +
HlME-ASiiiBOSO [Jap.]
Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus forma willdenowianum (Nees.) Osada stat. nov.
----M. willdenowianum Nees, in Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 447(1836).
¥ЙЁ^{£|11ЙО#фК1Н££ 1Ф^. ^НЯ$ 50-100cm к-LW, ТФНФлЁШ&Ш L
l', 20-50cm. ОШН, й$4-10сш, ffi5-12mm, WTTIt-t*Cl
®го.5mm. mfi£5-7cm, $
Sfe0'J^A^I'WirFF®;LftgTs'lZnfcV'. ФШ*Я£ 3.5-5.5mm, Ьой'&ЙЙКЙ
ЬФФЙК, WbU i
'J'W*WИ®Я 5 й'Й¥-СЪ£'РШ iИЯ, %-'&®|Нф<,
^OtXlW^rrn-t ^-^ХЗЯК, Ф
tSrntWitsb. ^ИЖЙМЖ, Я гйФЙОйШ/З,
i±Wtt-C, Юйх 5 -nwr, -ей г lining, 5fcH$<2$!L, <ф
^Я-fcUl <5 г i iifrV'. М'СИЗЙ, $jНЯ £ 0.7-1 mm.
^o-C, яг 0.4 0.5mm. 2n = 40.
(ТОТ 9-10Я. (Ж) «ЖЖЖ, /Kffl. ИЧЯ, Ж 0^<Ao). <Ж, ФЯ, ^--У7
й'б'О'К, ФФ7 » d УЖЙЁНФ^-^. (|ё)£я>д'^) СОЙ0ф-С'Н,
4sfflt LtHfeL-<H31H, ^О±7)‘ОЖИНШШй''-Г-
Я Ъ ts 4>
Annual growing in the forests of lowland and lower mountain belt. Culms attaining 5(1-10(1
cm long; the basal portion creeping, rooting at nodes, much branched, often making large
colony; with erect, flowering branches 20-50 cm tall. Leaf-blades soft, glabrous, 4-10cmx5-
12 mm; sheaths smooth, sparsely pilose only at mouths; ligules truncate, 0.5 mm tall. Panicle
consisted of 1-3 racemes; raceme 5-7 cm long, light-green. Spikelets 3.5-5.5 mm long, paired,
one with ca. 3 mm long-pedicel and the other sessile; both the pedicel and rachis sparsely
pilose. Glumes as long as spikelet; the lower lacking midnerve, with 2 nerves on both sides
imperfectly anastomosing above, 2-keeled along these nerves; upper glume boat-shaped.
Lower (sterile) lemma nerveless, ca. 2/3 as long as spikelet; upper lemma ca. 1 mm. awnless
or with very short awn included in the spikelet. Stamens 3, with anthers 0.7-1 mm long, but
in cleistogamous flowers 0.4-0.5 mm. Chromosome number 2n=40.
DISTR. Japan (Common; s. Hokkaido to Ryukyus), Korea, China, Malaysia, India to C.
Asia. REFER. Clayton (1986): ЗЗб^КоуатаС^в?): 427-428.
702
G,v: Ж—'У10|<ОДМ Ventral view of G,. G,d.'SSSoWiffi Dorsal view ofG,
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
S: X.10
703
7* хК У ЖЙ© Z -> /+' 7 ) Ashiboso[Jap.]
Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus, Soc. Linn. Lyon Ann. 68: 201(1921).-----------An-
dropogon vimineus Trin. (1832).----M. vimineum var. polystachyum (Franch. et Sa vat.)
Ohwi (1942).
t 7 V , 'MU 0-S<
©Т1)ЖМ. t > 7 7 Ll-f
T,
(7-Ю N. L. Bor [t'/u-?, -ь^яу, (i960) р. 195 UU
<h, М. vimineum ©Ж^&'Й© L ifflSL 11ЖКТх:<> < t'S С. L Ic^-d < . -tfghb,
var. vimineum tft Bor T'lUgfzunU >'+' 7 )-£, AJI:'CtiM£nn( 7 7 > V) <h tg о ~C t>£. £L"t
Bor ( i t 7 7->.T у var. willdenowianum(-M. willdenowianum Nees) t=it, -7.-ЯУ%
var. polystachyum <h L < l >•?>£. L ti, ТгЧ©%AT'A©'¥:Ti © <t £ А(сйй L/сЖ 9 Z> M. willdeno-
wianum © £ d i L i 9 ^x.t, Bor ©^ b ЖЛ.6 AT’,
6A£. ©LK., M. vimineum T^T7 7 J: ЛА'с <ЫТ, ГНТ©£Н+.Й
1.1] (1982)©gd®itc Г 3 ft S 15mm © £ Zn £> & J ФИ1$ГЛ(1987)£О{Й
//г ©i^Tt^ WT, 7 7,t: у , 17 z ->.-к у <t Lfc©tx, i © г б©±#©й^^йа1 Lfcofcd
5Й', 0 Wt 5. fcfc'L^a©? fnfiLLT^H, ^©№3t«r
M. vimineum !? S-ttfct'.
The spikelets are provided with excerted, erect awns 10-15 mm long. Chromosome number
2n = 40.
NOTE In N. L. Bor (1960). Microstegium vimineum is divided into var. vimineum and var.
ivilldenowianum. Var. polystachyum (Franch. et Savat.) Ohwi described from Japan is identi-
cal with var. vimineum described from Nepal. These two varieties are distinguishable only
on the difference of their awn-length. In our area they arc sometimes growing mixed side by
side under the same shady forests, but no intermediate forms have been found. They seem to
merit taxa inferior to varieties.
704
G,d: {ogjvjfrtffi Dorsal view of G,. Giv: <Й—Ventral view of G,.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
«: x.24
705
П Пу MoROKOSHI-GAYAfJap.j
Sorghum nitidum (Vahl) Pers. var. dichroanthum (Steud.) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11:
160(1942). Andropogon dichroanlhus Steud.(1854). A. serratus Thunb.(1784).—A.
serratus var. genuinus subvar. major Hack.(1889).-S. nitidum var. majus (Hack.) Ohwi
(1947).
Й$ 50-100™,
$ 20-50™, fe'5-10mni, 0, < ЙФЖ»Й
fe-CRAft,, 'хОЯЛ'ЪЕ?» L < •) £ OsgZn#*. РЖТС/ГИЙЛ.
Й $ 10-25™, [ft, ±£|5(C^®О Ц,
^/£6. Ф»*Й$ 4 - 5mm, #M14'«i, 2 ф®йЭД1СЛ:о
to<. W^ltm ЮЖ
3-4mm.
-с, 2 я %l№
Гв1й‘|ЫФОЧИ Lfci£TIft$ 2-2.5cm lcZx6. 2n = 20,
(7ЕМЙ) 9-11Я. (5H1) «IKW^SUS). fflffl, Л#1, ЗЙЖ *1ШЙ< ФйМ, -ru-->7.
at Ьт2!1ЙА<7^7й^^-X [-7 9 7!СйХй'^. (|s]^<z>fr^) TfeOfri'Sdti::
ЙК!Ы?>< Д?2™1ЖШ
> b < t, 2т№ОЯ1ШМ < 6. (7- b) S.nitidum
var. dichroanthum (Steud.) Ohwi й*1Е L < , S. nitidum var. majus (Hack.) Ohwi i fc i.
1ШН <t t> t ElJkW d ^-}Хтк-x b у У у, Г/ K*-77fcH7t
Perennial growing in grassland of mountain belt. Culms tufted, erect, 50-100 cm tall,
bearded with verticillate hairs at nodes. Leaf-blades 20-50 cm X5-10 mm. glabrous or sparsely
pilose above, glaucous beneath, with conspicuously white nerves; margins very rough; sheaths
hairy on the upper halves; ligules ca. 1 mm long. Panicle erect, 10-25 cm long, central axis
smooth, branches also smooth, thin and undulately flexuose, with a few to several spikelets
near their tips. Spikelets T5 mm long, covered with brown hairs, paired; one is staminate and
with pedicel as long as spikelet; the other bisexual and sessile. Glumes both as long as
spikelet, coriaceous, glossy, densely hairy. Staminate spikelet contains lower (sterite) lemma,
upper lemma and 3 stamens, Bisexual lemma hyalin, deeply bifid; awn inserted between the
teeth, exserted the spikelet by 15-20 mm. Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Southern half of Honshu to Ryukyus), s. Korea, s. China, Malesia. S.
nitidum (Vahl) Pers. s. 1. widespread from tropical Asia to Australia. REFER. Clayton(198f>):
339-340. Koyama(1987): 430.
706
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE $O®t.><777XX*l
l
S: IX.18, feP4»JtA->Hrl5 X. 1
707
Seiban-morokosiii [Jap.] Johnson GRASs[Eng.]
Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., Synop. Pl. 1:101(1805).----Holcus halepensis L.C1753).—
Milium halepense CL.) Cav.(1802).---Blumenbackia halepensis (L.) Koel.(1802).---Andro-
pogon arundinaceus Scop.(1772).
0.8-1.8m, OS-eg 1cm КЛ tab. ^ШЙ$20-
60cm, IM 1 - 2cm, *C Й < . + о
•c. Ш1&<, 7Е^!1М$2О-5О<Ж
Й!/.ГД< вв< й>, W
W8(SHhll)W4-5mm, «ft, «'J'W-JL WXlt'lOB
й'^5Жй'Й9. fill'J'MtlilSHftt, 'ШМпЧИ, W,tt2f!s>
i>'HW< WWA ftifticii 1' !X'L> о -С!Уг<(/ J: <Ax.Zti'i>, P*9ffijT?tXfetdO 5 BlftZJ'i
5fti«T?¥igHJL SiiKKOi®
<, JV6o?!)<t Zc О, Д < iL:Zh£g< 'J'-l&Oft £-eft CX !±1
2 (SOfrM'J'ife&ft 5. 2n~20, 40.
(7ЕЙВ) 7-9 Л. (ftft) 9 d
У 7. 1943^-T-«iJA-C-MC5ftZcO75'H4'C<0]ft^©i[l^-Czfe<5/j', At,
-Cl'S. Lt|^$h.fcC i
>1'5. (IsJ £ <7> b' %) xxHo < OoA-^ZcfttZxS^', IWAOUJb'jX^iboH,
й1'Хзй'^> S. M t <7> SI tc t * --- p ? 7
forma mulicum (Hack.) ilubb. > ЛлС
Robust perennial naturalized in inhabited areas. Culms tufted making large clumps, 0.8-1.8
m tall, to 1 cm in diam. at base. Leaf-blades 20-60 cm x 1-2 cm, with thick, white midrib;
margins nearly smooth; ligules low, long-ciliate on upper margins. Panicle 20-50 cm long,
with semiverticillate. divergent branches; several spikelets clustered into racemes at and near
the tip of branches and branchlets. Spikelets 4-5 mm long, paired; one is staminate and
pediceled; the other bisexual and sessile. Staminate spikelet narrower than the other, awnless,
with 5-nerved glumes; the pedicel as long as spikelet, densely pilose. Bisexual spikelet with 2
coriaceous, glossy glumes hairy on back, whose 5 nerves connected by transverse veiniets.
Lower lemma membranous, hyalin; upper lemma reduced to soft hairs; the awn usually thick,
long exserted the spikelet, sometimes short and included. Chromosome number 2n = 20,40.
DISTR. Widespread in tropics and subtropics in the world. One of the most troublesome
weeds in Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 339-340. Gould', 1975): 575. Koyama(1987): 433. Bur-
bidge(1984): 242.
Margin of leaf-blade. AP. SP: 3 4'Йй>Ь4с2>ГЙ«О'ЬЙ1Т Apical spikelets.
G,v: ?Й -Й1ЙИЙ Ventral view of G,. G,v: ^-.-£ЗЙ1*Ц7и Ventral view of G,.
708
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
И ^ТХ ^ХХЗг Hime-abura-susuki [Jap.]
Capillipedium parviflorum (R. Br.) Stapf in Prain, Fl. Trop. Africa 9:169(1917).--Holcus
parviflorus R. Br.(1810).---Sorghum parviflorum (R. Br.) Beauv.(1810).--------Chrysopogon
parviflorus (R. Br.) Benth.(1878).--Bothriochloa parviflora (R. Br.) Ohwi(1941).
UlEF©WfUX£6^W. $ 50-lOOcm, 8-
20cm, i|® 2 - бшш, 5 Imm ЫТ. 7-15cm,
m LtfLtf2-3lsim, i^f±l-3®
©МЖ^ i ©(й£—ФЖ) iM#j© t ©(<W—<Мв)й^к.Ло to t, M]R© % ©Kit
Wfa© 3mm, # < I'iitft i £Kfcft, %—W*t6-
7M, МЖ, feL^tiSIS, 1.5тш, 'H8
©Ш1ШПЖиТ'1Ш. IffiO'JWft,
2cm
2n=40.
(7ЕЙЙ) 8-10Я. (5><) Ф^Н(М^ий), ИИ, ЛЯ 5W. «®Ж®, ФВЖ £Й', 4 v К,
к-77, Л--Л I' 7 9 ^<7ЙШ*-ЯЬ7У7. (|я|^©й'?) ^© J: )
1 ?UKLO<. etiWi'W
tft-iM, t-7-t .у b -CO^X i, eoTictiM’b-oi'-rt'/xt'. (/-h) W. D. Clayton (1986) К J:
St, Bothriochloa H 1 ® i ©Tr, ^»со<ф
W©$f^#t\ Capillipedium Stapf (1917)©ЖЖ8и<}&й1£Н'О'6.
Perennial growing in sunny grassland of low mountains. Culms tufted, 50-100 cm tall,
bearded at nodes. Leaf-blades flat, linear, 8-20 cm x 2-6 mm; sheaths glabrous, sometimes
hairy; ligules truncate, less than 1 mm tall. Panicle 7-15 cm long; branches smooth and
filiform, with short racemes at tips and on branchlets. The racemes composed of paired
spikelets, pediceled one and sessile one. Pediceled spikelets usually staminate, sometimes
reduced to far smaller sterile ones (fig. Fr); lower glume, ca. 3 mm long, 6 to 7-nerved; lower
lemma hyalin and nerveless; pedicel long-ciliate on one side. Sessile spikelets bisexual and
fertile; both glumes ca. 3 mm long; the lower 5-nerved; the upper 3-nerved; lemma reduced to
a long, geniculate awn attaining 20 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 40.
DISTR. Japan (Southern Honshu to Ryukyus). Widespread in tropics and subtropics of
South-East Asia and Australia. REFER. Clayton (1986): 343-344. Lazarides(1980): 25. Bur-
bidge(1984): 82.
710
HA: 'J'HtR-tW’g Hairs on pedicel.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE 4
ft: IX.16, ?sl»i»*Wih' VIII.24
711
A KAMO-NO-HASHl[Jap.]
Ischaemum aristatum L. var. glaucum (Honda) T. Koyama, Journ. Jap. Bot. 37: 239 (1962).
----I. aristatum var. momiyamae (Honda) Hsu (1962).-----Andropogon crassipes Steud. (1854).
--------------------------------------------------------1, crassipes (Steud.) Thell. (1912).-1, crassipes var. glaucum Honda (1930).-1, siebol-
dii Miq.(1867).
Шроте. МЖ, SS
30-80cm, 15-30cm, 5-10шш, <h i t 3rhK
г 3 - 4mm, Г < ti 2 >),
ft г 4-7cm, "Ь®
i, ДШ'Ьт20, ЙййоФЖ! 1 й®йШ'
TEt ИоФЙПйг 6 - 8mm, £ H ft, ИЖЖ-н-
m&i'. (йй)'Ьтмш
^-(1Ш)Ф7Е©Ж^й^< 2Si, -cdWrffiZtt'.
ЙЙ©4'Й®$tоLШ2ИШ-С&6#', iW--d4Eo^rfi£z>V£V\ 2n=56,
(OB 7-11B. (^) гаи, Л#1. ®J», 'I'H-MK gd (ЙЗёл*'
T Л -t / tetter Ъ*
/ у у •> >г Л •> <E 1 tin,
0 ^-r v 'Й>, г О^-СЧ Юк& О X, * hп ts i' Л -е / - > L Я Я,#Ь П Ъ.
Perennial growing on sandy soil of seashore or on alluvial deposits along rivers. Culms
tufted, erect from pubescent base. 30-80 cm tall, glabrous; nodes glabrous too. Leaf-blades
flat, 15-30 cm x 5-10 mm, glabrous, sometimes with sparse, patent hairs on the sheath; ligules
3-4 mm tall, short-ciliate on back. Inflorescence long exserted, cylindrical, composed of
paired, sessile racemes; rachis thickened. 3-angled, flat to slightly concave on the inner face;
the joint disarticulating with the sessile spikelet. Spikelets paired, long-pedicellate and
short-pedicellate ones; their structure similar to that of I. anlhephoroides. These two species
are distinguished as follows:
I. anthephoroides...Culm-nodes covered with dense hairs; leaf-blades and sheaths usually
pubescent with appressed hairs; spikelets usually hairy, broader and with wider wings.
Chromosome number 2n=68, 72.
/. aristatum....Culm-nodes glabrous; leaf-blades and sheaths glabrous or with patent hairs;
spikelets usually nearly glabrous, narrower and narrowly-winged. Chromosome number 2n=
56.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, n. China. REFER. Clayton (19861:345-
346.
712
G,d: Dorsal view of G,. G,v:*5f4—'SStWJ&iffi Ventral view of G,.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE + /77777^
Ш X. 7
713
KE-KAMO-NO-HASHl[Jap.]
Ischaemum anthephoroides (Steud.) Miq., Prol. Fl. Jap.: 357(1867).-Rottboellia anlhepho-
roides Steud.(1846).-Andropogon anthephoroides (Steud.) Steud.(1854).-1, eriostachyum
Hack.(1889). 1, anthephoroides var. eriostachyum (Hack.) Honda(1927).
0, ^3 30-80cm,
7-20cm, I® 8-12шт,
%KWi5it Immfifl-. 2 Ъ?£ >),
iL, 7ЁИ|®'С'¥Л'!СЙЬ'ё-о-С> /(jftofl-IMicOL
-C, wor 2®©iffitt'hftX >)
K>), 1(0©ЖйФ7Ей^&б. SlfiO'J'StigJ 8-lOmm, %-Sgti
шжк тигЖ'й-й*^'), w 1-.г}хд1'й(ол)й'»о<,
Wtt<, S5-r<, WJm. 7-9Ш11, SM-еЖ g-'ME
o^fi5t*W< 2%k, ШНоГвЪ&'ЬШ
«-СЙ>6Й\ 4-5mm. 2n=68, 72.
ют 7-юл. (#^i jtSttia, raa aai. йт фи. м/om.
Г) uhmD<WlRWX*«Z/'Z£J;£. $©»
(7-H-rr^^Slfcffl-c, ФЙ^Ж®©Ф©Ш
I. anthephoroides
-С, -7 У У >r -t z '' у h X tf H, Ж^Й^Ё© Й> Ъ i ©(ЕШ&* -t P> < £ h.)£r * Л -t z s' у var.
eriostachyum i L h 4> Ъ. 'Ш'п У Л -t z •> h £ Л,
Perennial growing on sandy soil of seashore. Culms tufted, erect from procumbent base.
30-80 cm tall, glabrous or pubescent with short hairs above; nodes covered with dense, silvery'
hairs. Leaf-blades fiat, 7-20 cmx8-12 mm, sparsely to densely hairy on both surfaces; ligules
ca. 1 mm tall. Inflorescence long exserted, cylindrical, composed of paired racemes; rachis
thickened, 3-angled, flat or slightly concave on the inner face; the joint disarticulating with the
sessile spikelet. Spikelets paired; long-pedicellate one consisted of 2 staminate florets; short-
pedicellate one of 1 bisexual floret and 1 staminate floret. Short-pedicellate spikelet 8-10mm
long; lower glume coriaceous, as long as spikelet, keeled on both sides, with narrow wings on
the keels; upper glume as long, thin and wingless. Lower lemma (fig. LJ hyalin, nerveless;
upper lemma (fig. L2) smaller, bifid, and a long awn exserted above spikelet. Chromosome
number 2n - 68,72.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), s. Korea, China.
714
MA: Margin of wing of G,.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
ft K.ARIMATAGAYA[Jap.]
Dimeria ornithopoda Trin., Fund. Agrost.: 167 & 1.14(1820).---D. tenera Trin.(1833).---D.
omithopocla var. tenera (Trin.) Hack.(1899). Anclropogon stipaeformis Steud.(1854). D.
filiformis (Roxbur.) Hochst. ex Miq.(1851).-----D. stipaeformis (Steud.) Miq.(1866).— D.
mikii Honda(1932).
$ 10-35cm. Д
£3-7cm, ta2-5mm, Ж?Й£ £ i Г 4 rf * £ * Ъ.
ЙбЯШ-СЙЗ 1 - 2mm. н 2(1-3) $ 3 - 8cm, 2flK'j'
< . ФЙШ 2.7-3.8mm, ^ШЭЗДД-С, l*]W#rh., ^«^£7x6. $
« 5 й»^^ < , Ъ. 'J#oWir<fi(,
t £ % £ 2 'МЪЬ'ЪКЬ Ht, ^-фУЕЯ|^ЙЙИ©^О^£7х9, %oft 1/2. ftiig
4ЧЯ© iWfck >)
<2%L ^О|Щ^Й>ЬФ1ШЛЧФОТ1!ЬТ, Ш Si'££fc£. CoK?<X3-10mm^^5 4dWI-t
ЖП.
(7ЕЯЯ) 8-ЮЛ. (M) ttiS, Ф/Н, E3S, Affl, W. $Ж ФИА1& М 7< У t'y, ^1/
->7, t’/U-v, 47b', t-Xb7'17. ?-(
©ЙЭШ ф-сфД,(л£7хЪ. Ж) 1 Ж 'МЙ<оФй>Ь 1 фой^й^4<НФ(ЯН-Г.
*Х-, И1й(Я)Ьй'“1й1сВД1'7сЛъС 9)04 •? 1<;Т.£г/А‘й>6. £ < Гф®Т*, ^От^йЛ'й', 47с
1ХС < Й1 - 4> Ф& t 7 ± у -г #-v forma microchaeta Hack. £ J: -л)£ £ & & Ъ (И Tf).
Small annual growing on wet grassy places of low mountainous belt. Culms slender,
branched below, erect, 10-35 cm tall. Leaf-blades flat, 3-7 cmX2-5 mm, with sparse mamilla-
based hairs on blades and sheaths; ligules 1-2 mm tall. Inflorescence consisted of usually
2(1-3) racemes. 3-8 cm in length and with distichous spikelets. Spikelets nearly sessile, 2.7-
3.8 mm long; glumes both as long as spikelet, sharply keeled on back; the lower slightly
narrower, the upper narrowly winged on the keel. Pedicel very short, bearded with minute
hairs at tips. Lower lemma hyalin, ca. 1/2 as long as glume, laciniate at apex, faintly 1-nerved.
Upper lemma also hyalin, slightly shorter than glumes, retuse at apex, awned from the sinus;
awn 3-10 mm long, exserted the spikelet.
DISTR. Japan (Hokkaido to Ryukyus), tropical to subtropical Asia and Australia. NOTE
Dwarf form with awnless or very short-awned spikelets is named as forma microchaeta Hack.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 348-349. Bort I960): 142-144. Koyama(1987): 391-393.
716
Tf: e 7 л U --г a а V О IWfe ffc Forma microdiaela.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
S : IX. 11 Tf . In) IX. 14
717
/ 9 У Д' "V MERiKEN-KARUKAYA[jap.] BROOM-SEDGE[Eng.]
Andropogon virginicus L„ Sp. PL: 1046(1753).
l£ 50-120cm, Й1+5
i jg< й‘6-СЧЬй>£. Ю-ЗОсш, 16 2 - 5mm,
Kbuotfmt), £< WSf, #8Вй‘О’>й0. ШШ1
5 . 0.6mm. 1ЖД^сшйШ4!),
2~^*o^^ty. ШЛА? 2-3cm, g-gfir iМк1й©рЧП:ФЖE, Mtt
/b^t^f-ft-o-co<. ffift/J'WiftS 3- 4mm, % t 4>i 2ФГЕХ Oftb%<DX', FWfai 1&
е^офтео-мй^ф*. й¥<, ТЛ'оЖТМ
-т5-П'1Мй-с-, ±^©Ф7Ео^т-'<Ф2<, Ю/OL
ЯШ<ФШЕ-С<3 l-2cmO®|l'£ift9, ФЖ О Я-Г О £ Ж Ф. L',
ftftft;* 4 - 5mm 2n = 20, 40.
ЮТ 10-11Л. 4ЬЖЖ35~ФЖ©ЖЖ. 15ф-С!Х1940фГ dlc^Mifci 1>Ыг, ВФ<ОЙ
®£&Г1Кй'9<>-эЙ>6. = ЙЛЬ7с^^4оЙ11'§
ХЖй'Ус^ o-Cil^, #< О^ОЬ^й'ЬЙС'Й^^ о/с^Уй^ф.-Гб^^^-С^^. №$Xfto
C4>Ma«ftoftMi 7^ U *(с«Шйг4>©й'7г< $/vS>S/A
jSx-Ъ tozi'fti'.
Perennial growing in waste places of inhabited areas. Culms tufted, erect, 50-120 cm tall,
branched above the middle, bearing racemes per node. Leaf-blades 10-30 cm x 2-5 mm, folded
and erect; sheaths compressed and keeled on back; ligules 0.6 mm tall. Sheaths of upper leaves
diminished into spathe embracing 2-4 racemes; racemes 2-3 cm long, with many paired
spikelets, on long-hairy rachis; one of the spikelets fertile and the other sterile. The fertile
spikelet sessile; glumes alike, 3-4 mm long, keeled on both sides, thick and shining; lower
lemma sterile, membranous, slightly shorter than glumes; upper lemma ca. 1/3 as long as the
lower, with a straight awn 1-2 cm long. The sterile spikelets reduced into only pedicels,
pedicels ca. 5 mm long, pinnately ciliate with long white hairs. Chromosome number 2n = 20,
40.
DISTR. Native to N. to C. America. Introduced to Japan in 1940 or so, and now supposed
to be common nearly all over Japan. REFER. Clayton(1986): 349-351. Hitchcock (1950): 763-
765. Gould(1975): 584-586. Burbidge(1984): 52-53.
718
ХО. 82
S : Х.22
719
Й Л* OGARUKAYAfJapJ
Cymbopogon tortilis (Presl) Hitchc. var. goeringii (Steud.) Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sin. Anth.
5:1314(1936).---Andropogon goeringii Steud.(1846).-----C. goeringii (Steud.) A. Camus
(1921).
Й5 £ 60-100cm, ЙЙС,
2 15-40cm, (g 3 - 5mm, ГЛ^ЯЯЯ’5Й®7?, Й5$1-Зтш. 20-40cm,
,-K- &0&яА>Ак.2 #, г г я^(Й0Ф1Й7/
OLtot, Bift6. 1.5-2cm, $fiErC-££o^180OH'< 1Й
нтт'Жп, ат®imtucMiR-cffitt, тшэд
о iо(^-ФЙ) tt ©ЙГФЙ) tZAftrZc о -c, О10Й5ЯО < . £ i>
5mm Я f, # |^0 ^01i i^Zj'Z£ < , Mffi© i> Olt£^ 1007?, ^0,(17?% - Й, L X < . C©
) ЪоМЙФШ 4 10©^^ t *>, ^~^Я££0^ О t ft 9, (M.)О Ж
LTZt'S. T)rKt0,^gitt 5-fv<8. J^d4E©Oitft
$b-TZHC 2mm Я f7?ftZn® < 2 Hi, 1^0^ ^Z/Ш £. $ 8mm Я % ft 0, ФЙ0ЯК *CW
Hi-Г. W^'J'^tC(X^tF*]^ft<, Ciftl'. Ш.Й5 2mm <ЬЗВ©Я-
4 7?®^гХ 1=1 Zco, 2n = 20.
(76^)8-11)1. (#й) *)H, ИИ, ЛЯ » ^5. 47F-7Z. zKOm.
%: 5 Zx0ti0 Itttftl', (7 — H ->"7:4"ZZ,uZj-V var. tortilis Яг1^ШЙ07-> 7’,^'п$0Й7?, MW
<1'ЙЯ.Й£ 3.5~4mm, Ж01® & 3mm Я E<T> t>0Z/^ < , OK* i> ЯЯ'Я^Н ЫгЪ.
Aromatic perennial growing on sunny hills. Culms 60-100 cm tall; leaf-blades narrowly
linear, 15-40 cm X3-5 mm; ligules deltoid, 1-3 mm tall. Inflorescence arising from the axil of
boat-shaped leafy-spathe. consisted of two opposite racemes attached at the top of short
branches. Racemes 1.5-2 cm long, glaucous-green and tinged purplish, composed of paired
spikelets of two kinds, namely the pedicellate (male), and the sessile (bisexual) spikelets.
Sessile spikelets 5 mm long, dorsally compressed; lower glumes indexed and keeled along
both margins, with broad wings on the upper 3/4 of the keels; upper glumes carinate and
boat-shaped; lower lemma membranous hyalin; upper lemma only 2 mm long, bifid and with
a long straight awn exserting far beyond the spikelet. Pediceled spikelets awnless. Chromo-
some number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Honshu to Ryukyus), Indochina. REFER. Clayton(1986): 351-352.
Koyama(1987); 448-450. Hsu(1974): 661.
720
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE +
x7
X1O
S : bliimWHfiilj x.ll
721
UsHi-KUSA[Jap.J
Schizachyrium brevifolium (Swartz) Nees ex Biise in Miq., Pl. Junghun.: 359(1854).—
Andropogon brevifolius Swartz(1788).----S. paradoxum Biise(1854).
Up#:, mifiizx, l£10-40cm, ЙШ aft $ 2 - 4cm.
1.5-4cm, *g 3 - 6mm, < tWtilfV'. USttii /v ЬЖ'. ГЕ/Т(^)НЛ±, 1©
i Sfca&V'S-Et- 1 ft$l-3cm, тг©М1Ш©41«т. $H<h
WaOto‘i>t>C5L<,
^Kov>fcMg®^©^£41), 1 оi 9ffl<-сШ<,
3 * 4mm, ййа 5 - 7 H!i^ Vb, 5t«a$<2
g§V'2®R^b, ±ЛФ7Е(^Ф?Е)<о^%^вл-с, №< t< 2§1, §1И-<оГв1**1Ьй5 8««й
£oe^4WH<WtLi В<1ЙФ-СЙ111ГГ6. i afflH, ВШ 2 (1Э©/]'Й^-эН7сi
t Mtc £ £. ,^feW 2n=20.
(те»» 8-юл. *жю№), над, л#1, шк. *т-/
+ С1д1Жо*'ГЗ £ 5 tnd 44W'. U-H
Andropogon tcAift V'fcd», $)й'^© 4> i - i (An-
dropogon «ШШКМ), М1Й'1'Й©^-'Э^К.ФЛК0Й>?>сг%0{|Ё-С, a Schiza-
chyrium Nees (1829) <t < tn *)-о-о&Ъ. Z. <t
W.D. Clayton(1986) %ЖШ*.
Small annual growing on sunny damp soil. Culms erect, 10-40 cm tall, several branched
near base. Leaf-blades soft, linear-oblong, 1.5-4 cm x 3-6 mm, obtuse to rounded on both ends;
sheaths compressed, keeled on back; ligules obscure. Racemes single per node, 1-3 cm long,
very slender, the base enclosed by spathe-like sheath; with paired spikelets, one is pedicellate
(sterile) and the other sessile (fertile). Pedicellate spikelets reduced to only one lemma with
an awn, sometimes only to an awn. Sessile spikelets perfect; glumes as long as spikelet; the
lower 5 to 7-nerved, shallowly bifid at apex; the upper 3-nerved, boat-shaped. Lower lemma
membranous, 2-keeled, shorter than glumes; upper lemma hyalin, deeply bifid, awned between
the teeth; awn long exserted and geniculate. At maturity the rachis disarticulating at nodes;
separated internodes falling off with spikelets. Chromosome number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Japan (c. Honshu to Ryukyus). Widespread in tropics to subtropics in the world.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 352-353. Lazarides(1980); 69-70. Gould(1983): 258. Gilliland(1971):
291. Bor(1960): 112.
722
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
3 7'7* KoBUNA-GUSA[Jap.J Creek grassLEng. |
Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 26: 214(1912).-------Phalaris hispida
Thunb.(1784).----Leersia hispida (Thunb.) Thunb.(1824).----Ischaemum ciliare Retz.(1791).
----A. ciliaris (Retz.) Beauv.(1812).-A. japonicus (Spreng.) Miq.(1867).---A. pauciflorus
Honda(1925).
Lt. В 5 20~50cm. $ 2 - 6cm. Rj 1 - 2cm,
1-21111,
2?ijr^:. .шим &3 4-6ИП.
(im)W'ib //, Lt4'?4 (И S О ss).
2 ад i vhuид, $ !i®i¥ < 5 - 7 m *> ъ, i »(w,
Wtt, Obi-ftiS 1-2Ш1. 1ВШЙВД-С, -ШсЙйио#|й|й>Ь£й‘ЖХ4'^1-Д<
«tA££cD*l4o4X4'6l'6^®№fbti?>. fcLAt2-3
Ж 0.5ив. 2n=36.
(ТЕМ) 9-11Л. [#U)1 dtiO, ИИ, M Orr<^5. ®I.W. Ч-’Ж,
W. i-xi7!)7. .imcWML ? А (1ё)Й<лЛ'£)
А6Т;ЕЙ>Ъ^-С, ТЕй'»7£<
ЬП5 Г. £ 4>£>5. (у- Н У vxi
<tlX,
Annual growing in lowland. Culms long-creeping on wet soil with many erect branches
20-50 cm tall; leaf-blades lanceolate. 2-6 cmxl-2 cm, distinctly undulate and ciliate, cordate
and clasping the culm at base; sheaths short, usually hirsute; ligules 1-2 mm tall, lacerate on
upper margins. Inflorescence consisted of 3-15 racemes fiabellately arranged on the main axis.
Spikelets sessile, 4-6 mm long, paired, but the lower floret reduced to a minute scale, and only
the upper perfect and fertile. Lower glume 4-6 mm long, 5 to 7-nerved, pale-green and in
maturity often dark-violet. Upper glume as long as the lower, but membranous-hyalin,
1-nerved and keeled; lower (sterile) lemma hyalin and nerveless; upper (fertile) lemma
awned from near the base on back; awn short and straight or long and geniculate. Chromo-
some number 2n = 36.
DISTR. Japan (Common; Hokkaido to Ryukyus). Korea, China and widely ranged in
subtropical to tropical Asia. REFER. Clayton(1986): 353. Koyama(1987): 442-444.. Hitchcock
(1950): 748. Lazarides(1980): 2.
724
НА: Hair on leaf sheadi. ss: Lfc'1'Й Reduced spikelet.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE ^t'iE^t>7’7‘7XX4iiiS
XO. 82
ft : ФЯМ5 X. 1
725
As "fj "V Megarukaya [Jap.]
Themeda triandra Forsk. var. japonica (Willd.) Makino, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 26: 213(1912).—
Anlhistria japonica Willd.(1805).-T. japonica (Willd.) C. Tanaka(1925).
iWomiiUm fii5< htfofclTIt U x Wifi*, Jk±L, Й£70-
100cm. 30-50cm, S 3 - 8шт, £ < < Г 4 H 6 '? ,
IU< ;ПТЙ,Й£•&?>. 6?
2-5cmO^4AS^2&-oT, 6 {ЙОф^Й < . 1 ЙОЙЙЙОЙЙШ.!:, 1 IS
/даг-Гб. 8-10ш, ЛЁ©5Ф!бйг^ох
^£>0, ®#i±Ze<, ЖШШП. $-Ф
(Е(ТЛ-ф7Е)©^^й<'й№, ^-d'7E(±^d4E)o$mft$ 5™rtWi'EUo-cdW
£<W,t. ЙЙ?ЬЙ1Ш 9-10тт,
С, Й5-Г< З-бЖ^Ъ, fcL-ЖЗ®. 3fefeW 2n = 80.
[TEW 9-ЮЛ. (#« £#l, Mffl, Ш ОкГ<Ао5. $Ж ФВ. 9 4 УЖт Н Ф. (IS
A'SOd’о, Фг1'г^^Н1гГ'Й1'Х((Ё1'-1ЙА: Ой'Фх
l\ ti. fci"]*.i fc6О iФгШЙ. (/—b) ЙФФ! var. triandra (ХКЙ7 >
7, 4 './ F, 7? t*7, 77 |) Л 1<5>T|5. X Л'/иЛ 7 i 9 <t l»5.
9 A /2Й117 7 t'7.
Large perennial growing on sunny mountain slopes, with knotty rhizomes and rigid roots.
Culms tufted, usually making large clumps with many radical leaves. Leaf-blades 30-50 cmx
3-8 mm, usually sparsely pilose with mamilla-based hairs. Racemes compressed, sub-
flabellately arranged on short branches in the axils of upper leaves. Each of the spathe-faced
involucre embracing about 6 spikelets: one sessile and bisexual, the other one pediceled and
staminate, and 4 sessile and staminate ones surrounding them. The outer 4 spikelets char-
acterized by the lower glume with long mamilla-based hairs on back. Bisexual spikelet 8-10
mm long, much differs from the other 5; lower glume coriaceous, glossy, not keeled, embrac-
ing the upper glume of the same texture and length, turned blackish at maturity. Upper
lemma with a strong, brownish-black awn exserted the spikelet. Pediceled, staminate spikelet
awnless. Chromosome number 2n = 80.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu to Kyushu), Korea, China. REFER. Clayton(1986): 360. Koyama
(1987): 450-452. Lazarides(1980): 76-78.
SSp: htrtOtt&'J'OB Pedicellate male spikelet.
JSs: &1ЙОЖ№/1'Й Sessile male spikelet. HA: Hair of plant.
726
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE УТ’Т'тЛЛ*®
# : X.18
'Т Ai-ASin[Jap.]
Phacelurus latifolius (Steud.) Ohwi, Acta Phtotax. Geobot. 4:59 (1935).---------------Rollboellia
latifolia Steud.(1846).----Pseudophacelurus latifolius (Steud.) A. Camus(1921).-------R. foliata
Steud. (1855).
WliJk'^.L, Д $ 80-160cm, ТЛ<'Н8 4-10тш, ФЙ. $ 20-40ст, Ш 1-3.5ст, ,
ФЛИША < tMSR, 9
МА), XX4-OJ; £$Й±Ж®^ О K(ift-=6
Mix, 2ттИ£. ШША ® СЬйШ-ЗЙЛА 5-10 Ao^Zi'GZx 0 , 10-25ст,
£^#ЙОф<1($ -4'WtfeMoWfM'W^bto<. 'НШ <h't> 6 4>Й
$8-10iiii, 2Ф7Е^6/£б. <, й
ИИ&Ж#й'‘£> 9, iS'fr±ii$6^, 2
'aSiRM-c, тК-ь®-сй^ЬИ5-Г<, 1£й. T^d4B(^-44E)fXi»t£4?*3
IB, I-JJ44E(^r./J4E)ftn4tt-c^ L^ 3 ffi, ft&'ift < t'bmW, L,
а2^Ь<Й^АЙ±Ф?>. ®ЙЙМ-С«ВиЗЖй';^?>. 1Л1^%Ш*|п|йй
ft-c 2 (О < . Й1ХД £Ш£ 5mm. jfefeW 2n=40.
(7ЕЯИ 6-ЮЛ. M) АЙЖ, Affl, I3B, AM. ЙЖФ • Ю), ФВ«, *4
v’igWElA. ПК^Ф.Ф2> AS©4 ФМ. l-3-5cm %*?, M
Ji $ Ь о t % $’ Ъ оi)'& i'. 2 fflo <b$l(ДЙ i ffiffi) й' 6 А Ъ «о A £ УШ& Aotfhif |н|Й W.
Robust perennial growing in salt marshes along the seashore, with long rhizomes 3-5 mm
in diam., covered with densely imbricated, indurate scales. Culms tufted in a large clump, 80-
160 cm tall, 4-10 mm in diam. near base, solid. Leaf-blades 20-40 cm x 1-3.5 cm, somewhat
glaucous green, white powdery beneath, with thick midrib; margins nearly smooth, with
densely arranged, appressed spinules (fig. MA); ligules ca. 2 mm tall. Inflorescence composed
of 5-10, subdigitately arranged racemes; racemes 10-25 cm long, 5 mm broad, with paired
spikelets per node. First spikelet with very plump pedicels; the second sessile; both spikelets
of similar size and structure, composed of 2 florets. Lower glume coriaceous, 2-keeled along
both margins; upper glume 1-nerved, boat-shaped. Lower floret staminate, with 3 stamens;
upper one bisexual, with 3 stamens and 1 pistil; stigma very long, exserting the spikelet.
Lemma as long as glume, hyalin, with 3 faint nerves. Anthers 5 mm long. Chromosome
number 2n- 40.
DISTR. Japan (Uncommon; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), Korea, China, Amur.
REFER. Clayton(1986): 363. Clayton(1978) Kew Bull. 33(2): 175-179.
728
MA: p Margin of leaf blade. TS: ft!<0Ж®ifln Transverse section of culm.
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
Я : VII.30
729
UsHi-.\’o-SHipPEi[Jap.]
Hemarthria sibirica (Gandog.) Ohwi, Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 18:1C1947X Rotlboel-
lia sibirica Gandog. (1920).---R. compressa (L. fil.) R. Br. var. japonica Hack. (1889).----R.
japonica (Hack.) Honda(1927).-------H. japonica (Hack.) Roshev.(1934).
Glfi.v., 2 60-100cm, ФЭДХ £ 10~25cm, Ш 4 - 8mm,
ШШ (Ш6Й4-Й1<, 0.5mm, 0 Г®-=Ёй'Я±'Г 6. &
Д$5-8ст, £ 4- бтш,
<ЬЖ& -ФШ) i оWMiWi /vt ,
^tr. 2a©4'WWft'IOIe|;*:-C>3 5-8mm,
®, < 7x 9, ftJXfcE®. Й 5 T < , £ < ©Жда<М.
2.5-Зшт &feW2n = 18.
(7ЕЯЯ) 7-9 Я. (Я1Ю ШВ, A^t^o5. $Ж ^BCIt • ФШ
W'-X-c 9 7. (|B)^<7> *' £'} 0,
3 y^'f..SoWfi < ^йМДсйЯ-Мг-Г*. %
Яй 2 - 5mm, < , ® < i Zp 6. < 7x 6.
7 -> / > -y '< 4.i /v ШЙ< й» GittiL. Йй»±ТЯк$й*>7х < .
Ilin 4 - 8mrn, ftH7c/v7c/UBI <7x0, Ш. < 7x6.
Fresh-green, smooth perennial growing in wet places of lowland. Culms with long rhizomes,
usually erect, from near the base, 60-100 cm tall, branched mainly on the upper half. Leaf-
blades 10-25 cm x 4-8 mm, narrowed above into acuminate apex; sheaths far shorter than the
blades; ligules 0.5 mm tall, fringed with short hairs. Racemes several, solitary on the tip of
culm and short axillary peduncles, 5-8 cm long with internodes 4-6 mm long, with paired
spikelets per node; the structure of spikelet similar to that of ff. compressa. They are
compared as follows.
H. compressa...Lower portion of culm usually long creeping and rooting at nodes, much
branched below. Leaf-blades 2-5 mm wide, with abruptly acute apices. Lower glume of sessile
spikelet abruptly narrowed near the apex. Chromosome number 2n = 27.
H. sibirica....Culms usually erect from near the base, not branched below, branches
clustered above the middle. Leaf-blades 4-8 mm wide, with acuminate apices. Lower glume
of sessile spikelet gradually narrowed towards the apex from near the base to midpoint.
Chromosome number 2n=18.
DISTR. Japan (Honshu to Kyushu), Korea, c. to n. China, Far East Siberia. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 363-364. Koyama(1987): 470-471.
730
Sp: iTffi'J'SB Pedicellate spikelet. Ss: ЖЙ'1'Я Sessile spikelet
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE > 77'7 77445
Й : Wfffi VW. 6
T '
XO. 82
731
3 7 $/ 7 у •'4 4 KoBANO-USHI-NO-SHIPPEl[JapJ
Hemarthria compressa (L. fil.) R. Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl.: 207(1810).----Rottboellia com-
pressa L. fil.(1781).-R. glabra Roxb.(1820).----H. coromandeliana Steud.11854).-----H. laxa
Nees ex Steud.(1854).
L, Й^бО-ЮОст, тятмх
7-15СП1. Фй 2 - 5mm,
Й-Ь 9, о -eft < 2 оЛт 9 i КЪ. I 9 ('16ЙЧСЙ<, ^ 9 Шм*Й£<!)М!
£9, ЖЙПйг 0.5m, ^9СД-^/ХЯФ.-Гб. 7E)T(M)(-iWTJ.i{№J4o®A'/J4i«ht lffi-r-o-ои
t, J4# 5-8cm, /ЕЙ1П<Х^¥, ЖГй1ЯЙ^З-5шш, ffiaUfiO/J'№d'8)£«W)
9, М1Ш11Ш1"|адИ<>-С i Ыс2/НЕй‘й££бЛ рШПШЯ
(^-ФЮНШЬЬ-С^ЙН-Й'В/СО. 4-4.5mm,
^*йй'<<Лс9, $ЙТ, £>< ©Sfi<zWX£>6. ^Х^('ШЯ-С7Ё«©ЩА(СЙЙ. ТТн^-ХНЕ
©ЖШ1ЙФ1 Шй? 2 ИГ4- % *>, ±Л'О- )Ф7ЕО»1Тtot «аШ. Ф2i
1оЬ-<ЯЗ®, ЙЯЙ2 2-Зшт, Hfe. «ЙФЙ141^ЖО|||§/Х^< й»
/J'SV'CD/jWx*. &fe#H2n=27.
(ТЕМЯ) 7-9 JL (Я-ffi) Ф'ЯйЖ|1111!Я) • A)'Ho(g%, Ш£. 1к^о^~< у‘&
Ш-f'/F. (1в]£о*'£') ФВйЧЕйг1Е^Ь-еШ1!«:о^1:Л:9, ^h,ZX±7JO^«rt(c
Ж±Ф6вШ•>/ > у -Ж 4>OZ>‘Zxt\ О1ЛИ-%о^гййф.
Perennial growing on wet soil in lowland, with long rhizomes. Culms 60-100 cm tall, usually
ascending or creeping and branched in the lower part, erect in the upper part. Leaf-blades
7-15 cm x 2-5 mm, linear, abruptly narrowed to acute apex, shallowly carinate; sheaths 3-5
cm, far shorter than internodes, ciliate above; ligules 0.5 mm tall, fringed with short hairs.
Racemes 5-8 cm long; rachis thick and compressed, with paired spikelets, pedicellate one and
sessile one. Both spikelets bisexual and fertile, 4-6 mm long; lower glume of sessile spikelet
narrowly oblong, abruptly narrowed near the obtuse apex, while that of pedicellate spikelet
lanceolate, gradually narrowed toward apex; the pedicel adhering to rachis. Chromosome
number 2n = 27.
DISTR. Japan (Western Honshu, Kyushu, RyukyusJ, Taiwan, southern Chinese Continent,
Burma, Indochina, India, Afghanistan, Iraq. REFER. Clayton(1986): 363-364. Koyama(1987}:
470-473. Lazarides(I980): 44.
732
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE
Si: mWA-Wrfi IX. 2 733
¥ л. XJr' V
Coix lacryma-jobi L., Sp. Pl.: 972(1753).
JuzuDAMA[Jap.] Job’s TEARsfEng.]
Wlfitf-, B^0.8-2m, T^O^S-lOmm. lift г 20-50СШ,
1.5-4cm, Ф*иША-<, JgSWb* 1-1.5mm. {£&£ Г i Го £, 3®
П*-СШ-С1ЁФ. R/S. ^/S^fiS8-12mm, ffifkL, <t 5 fife, Ю?в, JO
feft£’ofe£4>-o. Фfc0,
2Ш'ЬМ. wwws6-7M, ^й-с^як, ^l^u
3«Я, ^(i^Cl-C-Й^ 4 - 5rnm. WmHi't'J'Jl'. 1
T-. 2/Em^©HffWL, pq-tRUo 2 BOft L ХТЙ. &feW2n-20.
Е7ЕМЯ) 7 9Я. (ЯФ) WSitfcl
О/Д Sf4v(ELfc.©’C£>7> 5. Й1'ШО*МтП, Hfl-’Ctii'-XzEt L-Cf£bfifc. 9 < -/£•
W'f>K. (|в]$<7)*'^] gl'fiSOJ: 5 Я Ъ. ЗЕ'ЯЬ'I-a =T* var.
mayuen (Roman) Stapf }ХЙФпл>Х7х < , C’ < 'JМКЙЗЕ, Ш2Ж-L, &
.........., #?®(сйШ£с1\ ТЕФФЙ^'Й\L, 8!<0'J'$
SF7cW-*^^T*'?>.
оiAf...ой©шши<-ссвт<, пшь*.
ИТ8Ф?>№ЙЛ'Й>?>. * < X<W-< i- т
Large perennial escaped from cultivation, growing along streams. Culms erect, 0.8-2 m tall,
8-10 mm in diam. near base. Leaf-blades 20-50 cm X 1.5-4 cm. with thick and white midrib;
ligules 1-1.5 mm tall. Inflorescences all bisexual, clustered in each leaf axilis of the upper half
of culm. Each of them consisted of 1 sessile, female and fertile spikelet accompanied by 2
sterile ones and a male racemes consisting of up to 24 spikelets. These spikelets and racemes
being enclosed by an obovoid to ovoid involucre 8-12 mm in diam. Male raceme yellow,
pendulous with a filiform peduncle from the upper mouth of the involucre; the central, female
spikelet fertile, protruding 2, long, white stigmas from the mouth. Eventually involucres
become very hard and glossy as china, white, grayish-purple or pale brownish. Chromosome
number 2n = 20.
DISTR. Common in Japan now. Pantropical by introduction. Var. mayuen (Roman) Stapf
is sometimes cultivated for medicinal purposes. Differs from the typical phase by the brittle
involucre, usually with many longitudinal ridges. REFER. Clayton(1986): 373. Bor(1960): 263-
265. Lazarides(1980): 95-96.
Apex of involucre. INV: 'JirTtvjjSfe!® Bottle shaped involucre.
INV': I- a t’-'O'jfffeS INV of var. meyimi.
734
PANICOIDEAE ANDROPOGONEAE + 777^^4-®
ft:
735
Supplement
1993
MlSUZI-NAGAHAGUSA[Jap.l
Роа subcaerulea Sm. in Sowerby, Engl. Bot. 14: t. 1004 (1802).
WiW$20-50cm, /МШ'ШЬ.
20cm, Фа 2 - 4 mm, tf- b ® ±ЙВ«П Wt'ib 5 Й\ ЙЙШ1й¥
С, Я1 ®«i®# i Tl I) , h* bhZ>. 2 mm-ClM®, i¥®
2-8cm, fijZ-ifc2/xl'L 5*<'-CMIilL, ЯсОЛ'КЖ
ФЖ«Д:£ 4 - 6nini£0, 2 ftl'L 4 ffiOtfl'&'OltS.
3IJIRZp£D, ФЖЖФй-ЪЪ1й#«£Ъ^><. аЖЛ‘2.7-4.5тш, 2.8- 5 mmSi't
£>6. ,W«5WK, :ft £ « 3 - 5 mm, it# i ii®©TWtcSifi, ФЖ'/Ш^Ё-££>&.
ша'|ц|Д-с-, «#С114'ЙЙ-Й^<,-С^е>о<. -S<J-.K«ftvi^Zn£s. 1 -3««.
r ©fi «Й1Д < $ Ф1S trЕЖ * i оД -с- -Г Л' -' У •* к Л.Ф11'z>\ ft ъ *. 5 t-OJ t* £ S.
..wsm.
« т. #-r a-v-.W«-¥lk4Й5~"&1Й«^о 5 31Ж
й*<Ж.
(ТЕМЯ] 5-7 Л. (Ж) ЖМ, ШЕЯ, )Ш ₽> < Jt&iiSt- 4> Й>6 i®bK6. з - ₽-/и («
~ФЖ> ГЙК^ФЬ, L-CfOffl $ HS. f < яо-7 х-лХ. (7-М
«Де>< ^-^'/^<l:ig|Bj$h.tV'fc%0X-, ГТШ11ЖШЙ(1 (1988) O&Zn^'»W, «ЕЖТ'Л’-''
i 2 Ht 1'7г^*О20%й'Ж®-С’Й>-э i ffil'Т l' S.
Perennial. Culms 20~50cm tall, solitary or a few tufted from slender creeping rhizomes.
Leaf-blades 3-20 cm X 2-4 mm, with slightly pointed, hooded tips; sheaths smooth, the basal
ones compressed and keeled; mouths fringed with minute hairs; ligules 0.5-2 mm long,
membranous, covered with dense minute hairs on back. Panicle ovate, 2-8 cm long, erect or
nodding ; branches 2-5 per node, spreading, with rather dense spikelets on the upper halves.
Spikelets 4-6 mm long, 2-4 flowered ; glumes subequal, both 3-nerved, rough on the midnerves
( - keels), lower 2.7-4.5 mm, upper 2.8-5 mm. Lemma 5-nerved. 3-5 mm long, pilose on lower
half of the keel and on marginal nerves, the intermediate nerves glabrous; palea nearly as
long as lemma, with rough keels ; callus with long webbed hairs. Anthers 1-3 mm long. This
species is similar to P. pratensis. Both species are characterized by their long, slender
creeping rhizomes, but distinguishable as follows.
/'. pratensis.....With tufted culms. Lower glume usually 1-nerved. Backs of ligule and
mouths of leaf-sheath usually glabrous or with thin minute hairs.
P. subcaerulea....With solitary or a few tufted culms. Lower glume usually 3-nerved.
Backs of ligule and mouths of leaf-sheath with dense minute hairs.
DISTR. Native in n. to c. Europe. Naturalized in Japan. REFER. Hubbard (1984): 191.
738
POOIDEAE POEAE
ИШЙЛ«1Ц±М Vl. 2
739
S' 9 7 4ч HARi-NO-Ho[Jap.|
llainardia cylindrica (Willd.) Greuter, Boissiera 13: 178 (1967).---------Rottboellia cylindrica
Willd. (1797).----Lepturus cylindricus (Willd.) Trin. (1820).------Monerma cylindrica (Willd.)
Coss, et Dur. (1855).
1 $?ИЙ$10 40cm.
t>, ЯИ< 5-12cm, *gl 3 mm, M-£, W, £fclX.EjO‘^^lbo£,
0Ш91 Ьй'^ЛйТ, ^ifrtxiim Йi^O.5-0.7mm,
, M5 6 22cm, ЙЙ, lHlZ/6. d<iil/b/Ez>'6ZcO, ft £5-8mm, JM±©
1 (^ ---W) 1 ftirr'<>VEttomr
№$№, 3-51Жй'^Ь, |$7EB#icfU4ft±
Jjtc-O^IH-Г. iOGift £4 mm, ^Й^ВДХ?, 3 Шй'>£> 9 , (Oft 2 ЖИФШШОЙ $ 01/2
JU E. ЙЙН>Ж®£Ш1®1, mift-C, MfllR. JsL-tti3M ^iXft$3mm. ftWtObtfci, ffioT«
n, ftfrt5£H6. 3fefe#lX2n=26.
(TEW Й. (ЯТЮ йэ - p Г frifc’jr-JAX )Hfi. ElA-ftXftlW^
1ЮЙ'Л©ЙХ-£Ы-Ж!Й£;К“С1'6. (7 — h) p. 520 co^'4->z< Lepturus repens tc-?r<, < 0 oWfe
•f, ЯСЙ©Щ Lepturus йtcAfobК, O'Ctr. 1 ® 1 Sli L'C Monerma Monerma A>
Lepturus й'О,Шшй'\й: < Iftl'fc. -?rO$:, Hansen i Hill (1953) IX^Ofi?иО'^Ч^^дыйЧ^ fa 6 £ hй'Ь,
Monerma IX-f '7 7-+*4li$|-K., Lepturus IX t- У S'к. А i О i Lfc. ЦЭДШ'ШХ, Hi-
tth Monerma 7, Lepturus 9 ^/гШОЗг^б^
^7ci'^x.7c. -£О&*Ж''< Lepturus IX 2n = 9x6 = 54 7?^>o/ей», '' 9 / Ф Monerma !X 2n = 26
fc/cLiO 2n=26 lX2n= 7 x 4 =28 й'i О £ # А6ШИ&/Т
LXV'6. (p. 31 U®. fcftiL, Monerma
Й®±/1эИ Lepturus ОДгЦ«Т7ci' tL i йЧ?й'0 , llainardia (1967) 7/|&5л£1г7с.
Adventive annual. Culms 10-40 cm tall, erect or ascending, slender, tufted. Leaf-blades
5-10 cm x 1-4 mm. glabrous, smooth or slightly rough on upper surface. Ligules mem-
branaceous, 0.5-0.7 mm tall, truncate and irregularly denticulate on margins. Leaf-sheaths
slightly, but the uppermost one distinctly compressed. Spikes slender, 6 20 cm long, erect to
curved. Spikelets 5-8 mm long, 1-flowered, the terminal one have two glumes of the same
length, while the lateral ones with one glume and sunk in the grooves of rachis, longer than
the internode. Glumes coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate. 3-5-nerved. erect-patent in anthesis.
Lemmas 4 mm long, membranaceous, hyalin, with 3 thin nerves. Lateral nerves shorter than
1/2 of the midrib. Paleas membranaceous and hyalin, unnerved, as long as glumes. Stamens
3, with anthers 2.5-3 mm long. At maturity disarticulating under each node. 2n = 26.
DISTR. Widely spread in southern Europe on salty or gypseous soils. In Japan found very
occasionally here and there. NOTE Being superficially resembling Lepturus repens has been
called L.cylindricus or Monerma cylindrica for a long time. However, based on the anatomical
study of A. A. Hansen & H. D. Hill (1953) and the cytological study of Tateoka (1959), it was
clarified that the so-called Monerma is a monotypic genus of Pooideae. REFER. Clayton
(1986): 111. Hitchcock (1951) : 277-278. Burbidge (1984): 146-147. Hansen & Hill (1953),
Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 80:16. Tateoka (1959), Evolution 13: 418-420, Cytologia 23:447-451.
Edit Tutin (19801 : 244.
740
Lb* -uS A part of leaf-brade.
POOIDEAE HAINARDIEAE
X6.5
&: КВД Vlll. 12
741
V > $ К а # 'У MANGOKU-DOZYOH-TSUNAGl[Jap. |
GlyceriaXtokitana Masumura. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 40: 163-166 (1989).
F з Ъ У * i t П / г 3 >> 7 <t O -c -e £ fc й ЗШ.Й-С, Ш z>
^.(Iifi5$90-190cni, ®2.0-6.0mm, K-> з r> - hfH©MV'WU<
Ki, ^tifi§19-32cm, Ш.0-9.Опии, OlktH0i
^-S-HO.3-
0.5mmi®.l'. < , ft$15-30cm, Ш 4 12ст<зЬЪ. КШЙЙ‘£> 2 ftl-L 5 /КЖ
-t$±L, t ft$5-8mm, |g] .0-2. Отт, Ф7Ш 4 Av' L 6 M
-ot, M-SW31.3«m, &!т-Й£ 2 min, ii
ФЖ*Ф1$<'Й£2.5-3.31пт, ^ФйШа'ТОА 7
rtfttSi ОФЬЙК, ^tiJ4$0.8mmt'«l<(
-г, ФФ, ШЖЖШ-. ?fefi^H2n = 30C3fS^).
C7EWD 5 6 Л. (Я-fiJ JWR), ISSC'Sgift, Wlllft), *жтю. ФФ4А. *
4 !£. F-> О< TWSi < , ИоЯФЯЯЖ
p'' У К О 3 > "У L*'L к о 7 F а "У X 5 с ittZc
<, ижох 5^5№Ж T®i-?>ri(X7i
I'. ЙйЧНК, ^ISL-ti'&V'C (X-hl AJH-CH, ihitt»
F-^ 3 > '7^+'i®ra$nxi'fc. ^Hl'l9^<^L.-ct'?><5©i®bA6. $Ф4ЧШЖ£веш
ЖЙ1С, 4 У^фоЙ«Ж^даг^5&Жх<г.
A hybrid between Glyceria ischyroneura and G. lel)lolel)is. Loosely tufted perennial on damp
soil. Culms 90-190 cm tall, 2.0-6.0 mm in diameter at base, with long stolons originated in
shoots similar to G. ischyroneura, and with short rhizomes similar to G. ltf>tolel>is. Leaf-blades
19-32 cm x 4.0-9.0 mm ; leaf-sheaths cylindrical, closed, glabrous, longitudinal nerves promi-
nent and connected by short veinlets here and there; ligules 0.3-0.5 mm long. Panicle large.
15-30 cm x 412cm, oblong; branchs 2-5 per node, ascending, bearing scattered spikelets.
Spikelets short pediceled, 5-8 mm x 1.0-2.0 mm, 4 to 6 flowered, compressed, greenish to
purplish; glumes thinly membranaceous, both 1-nerved, lower 1.3 mm. upper 2 mm long.
Florets sterile, 2.5 3.3 mm long; lemma as long as floret, with 7 prominent parallel nerves;
palea slightly shorter»than lemma, with 2 keels. Anthers 0.8 mm long, undehiscent. Pollens
imperfect and empty. Chromosome number 2n = 30 (triploid).
DISTR. Japan (Rather rare; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu).
742
POOIDEAE MELICEAE
Я : VI. 5
743
4 л ? р д
Rai-mugi, KuRO-MiGi[Jap.] RYE[Eng.]
Secale cereale L., Sp. Pl.: 84 (1753).
IW-. Ж $50-120ctn, Ж /Е#ГЙ1'WL6.
-£#<*& $10 30cm, №5 12mm, 1:|ЙР1^ЧЪ$’ Ь'* < . 3WT-I4W, Ж-Ф, ^7>йЖ<, Й $ 1 nunfW-
TEff (Xft $10-15cii|-C’17fl^, 1 mm, ffliii % МФ, tlitlfe©ЙФ&1ЙФФ£.
'J'SfcfiOho 118-f ooК 2 Яtf. Iffifri. lifi'w’ 2 4ЧЕй'Ъ ts •), 2 № i 4> nhjtt<- X < Ф
Ъ. V>//>2b£ZA ^«Ш-6-1ХФ*Ф7Е!Х^5ЙР4с1'. Ш5»-Сй
$6-12mm. ФЛ1С 1 IPKZ/^O, Ж1-Ф о t 2 о$Гг 0 <h ts *) , tsb. »ig $ 12-22mm, ЗЖ
ФШШ>м©1Ф£Е)Ь1Ж £fcoWti3tiS«cj£b, IPHIXrt l ЯофАФЕА.-т%_b.
ГЛ1ШИЖ! X I) bfi'tsgp. L<li 3 flsi, ййй $ 8 mm.
(OS) 1Л1 6 Я, #4^©ИЙ7 -8Й. I3H5) Ф^т->7«ФЯЙi 4>t,>Mi, a-
p ="<, ftfcK < ЙШ, ****ю№£й
|| ОЙД-й-ф, M^№<<i^ttUU£$nA£c
ЫъЪ. (ЕЙ^ЖЛс<±АъАъЖ<ША'й', «n$lciijE4i/|'7/9, Ж£я= 9±-$ < , Я^ЬХ^Ь
z>A^l®£l«Zx6. Ии;|ЬЛЙ1ШГ1ч)Й!с»ФЛЕЬХ1'/г^ОО4оЬи'^4; ^Zc. * * •<
X - А У © <? -/ +л ? <-«Й1Й|'|Г1 -СЙ 6.
Annual. Culms tufted, erect. 50-120 cm tall, usually densely short-haired near the spikes.
Leaf-blades 10- 30 cm x 0.5 -1.2 cm. somewhat scabrous on upper surface. Sheaths cylindrical,
glabrous, with inconspicuous ligules 1 mm tall. Spikes 10 15 cm long, compressed, with flat
rachis 1 min wide and fringed with long white hairs on both edges. Spikelets sessile, disti-
chously arranged on the rachis, composed usually of two hermaphrodite fertile florets:
rarely of three ones whose central one sterile. Chimes subequal. 6 12 mm long, one nerved,
keeled along lhe midrib. Lemma 12 22 mm long, 3-nerved ; the midrib protruding into a long,
straight awn several cm long; the lateral nerves attaining lhe apex, with a series o( long
hairs on lhe upper halves. Palea slightly shorter than lemma. Stamens 3. with anthers about
8 mm long.
DISTR. Widely cultivated in temperate regions of the world, especially in eastern Europe.
In Japan occasion^ 11 j- cultivated in Hokkaido, and sometimes adventive in disturbed land
near seaport.
744
I t‘A : 9 лТ. Hairs on rachis
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE
XO.7
& : JUU'Hmrj nJfg Vl. 9
745
YAGi-MUGi[Jap.] Goatgrass [Am. 1
Aegilops cylindrica Host, Icon. Gram. Austr. 2: 6. pl. 7 (1802);---------Triticum cylindricutn
(Host) Cesati (1867).
OiOlW'C, ЗШЖ^С'СЙ^гО-бОст, #
3 - 5an, US 3 6111111, Л»1ЙЙК1
£3 6-12cm, *M 2 - 5 mm, 7Е1У0№ЙИЦ£ i (C.1.3fWU> < Л
< m, ЩА0фк-е11.-?1г 1 й«ФВЖЖ о ti'S. «Ш 1 cm,
Wl2 ffitmt», ИА,
8 -12K^4>t>, ОЛоАи 1 Rftfflijo®t'{IHJIKa
АШЖМЙ’С, 4><o%#>£. rtWJJOi,
WJH-e, О£й»Ж 2KZO.M,
<. tilth 1 WWfc£4,
W5h?>.
С7ЕЙИ 6-71]. (5H51 a - u X ШЖ’^ЙХ
/Чх^УГ^г. ту У Goatgrass <hWг0*Х'!Х1973<ГИ|1 l®tr(i
1ЖШД, ТУ У тШТ + *4Ш1#ЯАЬ№:. С A Ai АО^й
MrCaE&Sft-CV'*. (7-Н JW!i=> y^’iat iX'^Ax-jXV'Sds igte j-tic,
О A J5 -о "С, Triticum R <t L X® 5 Я/S & & &. a =tr О)Й1Ш Л т Л xi[l)7j tc Jo -э <t (с
ft 9, A. squarrosa tM^LtV'S i 5it5. ЛШЙГ
t&b М'Ятг-оа^ЩЙтЁЯУЗООО^-^^^^/хУ'Щ!: 1'Ыг, 'ЬШЖА^ХШ
н Bijtci HsizoGfc-ж bfct^w.
Annual. Culm? tufted, erect, 20-60 cm tall, glabrous, each with 2-4 leaves. Sheaths rounded
on back, glabrous or lower ones hirsute. Leaf-blades 3-5 cm X 3-6 mm. glabrous to sparsely
hairy on both surfaces. Spike cylindrical, erect, 6-10 cm long excluding awns, 2-5 mm thick ;
the nodes of rachis turgid above, narrowed into cuneate bases. Fertile spikelets 4-7,1 cm long,
mostly ,3-flowered. appressed and alternately sunk in concavities of rachis. Glumes nearly
equal, thick, coriaceous, rounded on back, 8 to 12-nerved; keeled along a strong nerve on one
side and the nerve excerted into a long, scabrous awn. while on the other side a strong nerve
ends in a sharp tooth. Lemma as long as glumes, membranaceous except for apical portion
of coriaceous texture, usually with a short awn on back. Palea membranaceous and hyalin,
fringed with minute hairs on keels. The apical spikelet male or sterile, both lemmas and
glumes provided with distinctly erect-patent awns far longer than the spikelets. While 1 2
basal spikelets vestigial. At maturity, spike disarticulating into each node with an attached
spikelet. Chromosome number 2 n = 18.
DISTR. Native to Mediterranean to central Europe, extending io Pakistan, dry grass-land
and weedy places. Naturalized in N. America. In Japan found at Okayama in 1973. and then
occasionally here and there in waste places near seaport. REFER. Clayion (1986): 149, 157
158. Hitchcock (1951) : 245 246. Gould (1975): 174-175. Edit. T'utin (1980): 200-201.
746
ЛР‘ Ш1;<ОЯ;й8<О'ЬЙ1 Apical spikelet,
POOIDEAE TRITICEAE
Я:: ИШф vi. 19
747
3F 9 V SnioGiRisoH[Jap.]
Aeluropus littoralis (Gouan) Pari., Fl. Ital. 1: 461 (1850).-------Poa littoralis Gouan (1765).
i ife&Xo&l', ^oZci'lW^'a >=!-->
Д$20-30сш, < ( ХФ-и.-Гб. Ш5
£<, &V',
Ж#И®<, W -9cm, *ai-3mm, ±|7ij{c^^, £й*>оХШЖ46. 1ШШ
Ф, йг10-50ст, Ш 4-10mm. 2ЯСЗР.^^оКй>6АФ 2 Л1Г4Й
&. ФЙ1Х 4 <8 'J4E J; 0 t£ Ч, ЯЙ1Й1 OAI'H 5 Ojffi) ЭДМЦ-Об. |£—£ 2 -2.5mm, 1-
4 m. ®-Ш<-ХЬ-ГйЧСЙ<. 3-8UIR. i u^9 # < , £23.5»
IcJfeL, 9-1Ш. «1Ш4'Ш1С, #lU<mmf, lWi2IR
W. щ^Ыс('Ж^-йЧи>'. »i2n-
20.
(?Ш) 7-«J=J. (5ЯЛ N. N. Tsvelev tcihfi', з - * -> -'ОШф®^1т:«®11!1й'1Ь||'Л7
X, Й<£п >TcolfgtLk, 2 < -/ЫН1 0 ') 7- El4<Х'!±1951ф8
Л. Е'ЛйаЕНоШЖо^ой'й^ i c 61?, К/КЙА’Жй'Ш^, •>*+'!) v -7 <tfMi L
P. ЯйохйшоШ-.г i UffiftLfcE 5П-6. £отсо«о«Ш,
ХЬ. ГФВЙШ^РШ Ж /till} р. 126 Ol* «mWoE
ЙИР-ЙЛ'; 'ClKX/'o'tt'60‘A:-7j 5. GtML'Sl var.sinensis }i rS'7EU4t^?te7i^24.P-44EitelXlc^^i,
WAJHi LTt'j E % Xi'h'ft^lX'zbSJ <h*6. гаЯ^Ш^ИгОto4>,
<?> 'j tc h t ?> -л
Perennial. Both stolons and rhizomes much branched, and creeping over wide areas,
(•'lowering culms erect, mostly solitary, many-noded, covered with overlapping sheaths.
Sheaths hard, sometimes densely hairy on the nodes. Leaf-blades hard, 3 9 cm x 1-3 mm.
gradually narrowed inlo spiny apices. Panicles linear in outline, composed of distichously
arranged, short spikes. Spikes with several Io 20 spikelets, whose broader side facing the
branch. Spikelets I to 8-flowered. more or less compressed. Glumes with broad mem-
branaceous margins; lower ones 2 2.5 mm, 1 to 4-nerved, upper ones slightly longer, several-
nerved and mucronate-tipped. Lemma to 3.5 mm, 9 to 11-nerved, not-keeled and rounded on
back, with broad-membranaceous margins. Palea 2-nerved, as long as lemma, 2-keeled.
DISTR. Mediterranian region of Europe to salty desert and coastal region of China. In
Japan in 1951-1970 found in salt farms of Shikoku. Though extinct now, it may have been
introduced from .Asian Continent in ancient times. REFER. Clayton (1986): 202. Edit. Tulin
(1980) : 255-256. Iconog. Cormoph. Sinic. (19761: pj. 7082.
748
CHLORIDOIDEAE ERAGROSTIDEAE И-ГуЛИЛХУЯТ!
SI : fSJil^H^fflJCJitlSj Vll. 13
749
Ginia-ktbi [Jap.] Guinea GRASs[Am.]
Panicum maximum Jacq., Coll. Bot. 1: 76 (1796).
WK, ЙиййьОй'бЙЙ, £c 6, 2 mKt t&b. $
6tr. ^HftS20
40cin, I® 8-20mm, Hft S 3 - 5 nun, <S'>
$.£. ТЁ/t'tx*s20-40cm, &fiiil-3&£W, ЙТЖ1СНА1'ЙЙ*<^“Г 6. Кй$»£Й->Г^сйЧЕ
П-Г, т££6ой>4и. ФЙИЙ5 3 mm, Й^Нф^ОТЙБ^t 6Й52 Н<МЙ©1/3,
% 31^*0, 5t>K!2,b?E^Aii6. ^-d'TBti^-C, Ш£|й|Д,
^tt'KEoOUfb 0 fe/vtto® 6, WW < ЙГЛ'тШШЛ^ tl«i i % $
-£ (Ш © ®1 *&. I: tC& L X & T-t Ъ.
(TEW 8Я. (ЯЧБ) =r^7^^»<tr7 7 P Лййа^гй<^. S-f > Ь'^Й^Я-С, И7/11Л
«1дйК. $ -f yggitliiXPW > КВйДот у^л^Из. ±WxT МШ^К ^Ьь6©И1ЛТ(Т'^^©%
о i tHit: El (ctffiWt.
Lt-Шй^йгОН, ЙЖ^ШсЖЙ©.!: 5i-C$>Z>. Л'-^о
Л:1ЙСЪй\ИА, -Х5<й'7£1'. Panicum Жч?£ OftSfc t < '>'&<, LM*fit4©W'
% о t 4> Ho £ 6 Hit t'5. <, Chase & Niles(1962) tlilSgt
©^«6A»gS«l$ntl'6©^x%, -£©^ШЬ&‘М>й'Ы1,5. 1Э*ГЙ6П5®-С, loiUl’®
(p. 552) t^6A', ¥^7+t'tttM©MoW^4ot, Ж^ГЙ"Г 6 i Г Ы»
ьмж<, шк&мйс igitwtiu
Perennial with short, thick rhizomes, growing in waste land, or grassland near meadows.
Culms thick, mostly erect, tufted into large bunches, to 2 m tall. Leaf-sheaths papillose-
hirsute, not compressed, ligules roughly eroso-deniate on margin, long-hairy on back, 3-5 mm
tall. Leaf-blades 20-40 cm X 8-20 mm, gradually narrowed towards base. Panicles 20-40 cm
long, the lowest node with verticillate branches, all branches erect to erect-patent, not
recurved ; glabrous and not rough. Spikelets 3 mm long, the lower glume encircling Lhe base
of spikelet, 1/3 as long as Lite spikelet. Upper glume as long as spikelet, 3-nerved, with minute
hairy on the upper half. First floret sterile, the lemma thin; the lemma of second floret
distinctly verruculose, embracing lhe grain by its curved margins and weakly verruculose
palea.
DISTR. Widespread in West Coast of tropical Africa, Isis Antilles and tropical America. In
Japan once found in Shikoku, but now extinct. NOTE In accordance with its wide distribution
areas, it is presumable many ecological and geographical varieties are to be found. This grass
may have been one of these varieties. REFER. Edit.'Putin (1980) : 261. Hitchcock (1951) : 694
695.
750
V : 1ШД Verruculosity of lemma
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE
X13.5
S: £И|ИИФ£ЙЖЙ®ИТ X.8
751
9 з'Х Х7 7 t х Chikugo-si;zumenohie| Jap.]
Paspalum distichum L. var. indutum Shinners, Rhodora 56: 31 32 (1954).
1-lAZnb, ^И^®А’Х-**>±й‘0Йг20-40ст. , UfLtf64j
ft5 5-20cm. Ш 5-10mm. 3&0.5«»T?W, KUXЛ
< JW IXftS 5 -lOcmlit'O 2 *<T>1&frbt£bt>\ LlfLtf3 Ф, Г < UK
4 4® 4>O t М<ЬП, 2 &V' L 4 ИКФЙ» fcftffil'Wt’S$3.2 3.6шт.
♦Kl.2-l.6mm. $ • ^Х&ФШ-Я «ЬН, Ю,
refill L, 1 ЗЖКй'Й^. {Й-'ЙЖИ)¥1'11^ЙХ'3 - 51Ж, ШК-ШЛ-СЧ^. (Ш) 'М
оЖЖадЯ’ЛЙ-С’ 31Ж, 5 WC*Ьд' Lн LНФЖНЙ^Ш-^Й'Й&. й;Й
<), ^оОихФй, |*1Ж©'£
«1С1±ШШГ'£ Ъ. ТЕМГ4±Ш^ё.ойЖйЧЕ^ГЖ^. ^(X^fe-CJi 21,8mm. ^fefeW 2п = 40( 4
ЛО.ЙХ'4- -У* 7 хХл / tx (р. 582 #Вй) i 1Ю1'ГЪ Z h /лТ?£ Ъ.
*-улЩ** 7 ..ШЯ?иЙ|^|^^-Г^ХО1ЙИФй5. --J^Xfti'/jpMJtL-C
0 /Jttt L t£Ъ. Ло 5 2n- 60( 6 f&ft).
+ 7 ь^-.-^та^ЖЙФЖг^ХДЙ^й^Ф. 1ВЖОФ1ХLIX'LIXWirHЦЬФ.6. Ф
-i-COd<l-ffit|-^-Cjeje= El JJ Wci?5ffi Lfcgg- WiU. 2n=40( 4 Й&).
(7ЕЯЙ) 7-10M. (^1 ±ШИЙи *Л'|, 11У|ж|, LXl'£. 9 Л 7О«7 7 У й
Ot+VW? а-а&Ъ. (/-bl ®ФМГХоЧ'Х VHWlxa^ii-f, &
4>-5Vx£ г i tziiй'ЬЯШL ЙЛгЛ'й'Х V't® 5 А\ co/b;^-oi'-cti$ 6Kob<oWti +>fc
i'.
Aquatic perennial with many branched stolons, extending on the water surface. Erect culms
20-40 cm tall, 2-5 mm in diameter. Leaf blades soft, sometimes hirsute, 5 20 cm x 5-10 mm;
ligules about 0.5 mm tall; lower leaf-sheaths and nodes pubescent with papilla-based long
hairs. Inflorescence consisted of 2 often 3 racemes, bearing spikelets in 2 or 4 series. Spikelets
oblong, acutish at apex, 3.2 3.6 mm x 1.2-1.6 mm, with scattered minute hairs; lower glume
nearly as long as the upper, but narrower, crescent-shaped, membranaceous, 1 to 3-nerved;
the upper 3 to 5-nerved, rather convex on adaxial side. Lemma of first (sterile; lloret
3-nerved. Second floret bisexual and fertile, as long as spikelet; lemma coriaceous, glabrous,
embracing the palea by its incurved margin; palea short-bristled at apex. Stigmas bar-
kviolet. Anthers violet. 1.8mm long. Chromosome number 2n-40. Similar to the var.
distichum. but distinguishable as follows.
Var. distichum...All sheaths and nodes glabrous. Lower glume usually absent and some-
times degenerated into small scale. 2n-60.
Var. indutum.....Lower sheaths and nodes pubescent with papilla-based long hairs. Lower
glume crescent-shaped exists in all spikelets. 2n = 40.
DISTR. Native to the southern part of N. America. Naturalized in Japan (Honshu. Shikoku,
Kyushu). More study seems to clarify that the var. indutum is an independent species. REFER.
Katayama & Ikeda (1975) Cytologia 40: 759. Kadono (1984) Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 35:
182.
752
PANICOIDEAE PANICEAE tT®
&: етадяп&т lx. 24
753
New name proposed in this volume in 1993
References
Index
$г4з New name proposed in this volume in 1993
Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus forma willdenowianum (Nees) Osada stat. nov.
Microstegium willdenowianum Nees in Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 447 (1836).
l±!J6Wl<o77>lr X b, 4®
5КШ&. *©НЯ£ ЬХЖвоШВйЧЬ*.
Jdl-V ГН*1ИШ 1975W £ Ja*,!:, »UT<Di>«filKOV'tlX ЬЩ* var. <h ft ft forma £
gp.ft subsp. &’<* ЬКТоВЖШ
ftttx L-tgibh.Xl'/itO’bjfliftOgiKt.I:W', ZxoXl'SCi
Ii«h&-C2>Ъ H ★ -ertftl^illift 4iffiazittfcfflv < v' t>• CHKoi'ttt, ffitt«ftй’>да№i Zc ttTJBftKfift
гii. de*.СХ^К.»ПЬМ L'^jгh.4r-tH4fH-t<oa<DjffiftL J: tX, fgftj»4<
Hmzwjzxigo -th.» fim-czci x % © г -r % 11 > $ ?>. l о ъ <» twi-
rtrf^LV'. Lt^LfciOlWlK, 'Aft<t Lt^LfciOttSat LXfit
V', Й Х.-СЙ-Ш-%.tz. ^Й't nutt£J&t да>b ЪO^-ZAiiLA bhЪB$, t' £
®5.
756
REFERENCES
Bor. N. L. I960. The Grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India and Pakistan. Otto Koeltz Anliq. West Germany (reprint 1973).
Bowden. W. M. 1965. Cytotaxonomy of the species and interspecific hybrids of the genus Agropyron in Canada and
neighboring areas. Canad. Journ. Bol. 43: 1121-1449.
Burbidge, N. T. 1984. Australian Grasses, Rev. Ed. Australian Nat. Sci. Library. Sydney.
Chase, A. 1929. The North American Species of Paspalum. Produced in 1978 by microfilm-xerography. Univ.
Microfilms International Ann Arbor, Michigan U.S.A. & London.
1962. Index to Grass Species, Vol. 1111. G. K. Hall & Co. Boston.
1965. The Sporobolus indices complex. Kew Bull. 19: 287-297.
Andropogoneac. Kew Bull. 20: 257 -273.
Chlorideae. Kew Bull. 21 : 99-110.
The correct name of the common reed. Taxon 17: 168-169.
The Paspalum scrobiculatum complex in tropical Africa. Kew Bull. 30 (1): 101-105.
The genus Phacelurus. Kew Bull. 33 (2) : 175 179.
Notes on Setaria. Kew Bull. 33 (3) : 501 509.
Clayton. W. D. & Renvoize, S. A. 1986. Genera Graminum. Grasses of the World. Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,
London..............When cited under each species, the authors’ names are abbreviated as “Clayton(1986)”.
-EJI-fSife: 1982. ЗДИШМЕ XftHI 1КЙ
Ebinger. J. E. 1962. Validity of the Grass species Digitaria adscendens. Brittonia 14: 248-253.
Fitter, R.& A. 1984. Collins Guide to the Grasses. Rushes and Ferns of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins &
Grafton London.
Chase. A. & Niles. С. I).
Clayion, W. D.
--------- 1966-.
--------- ^бб1-.
--------- 1968.
---------1975.
--------- 1978.
--------- 1979.
Franchet, A. & Savatier, L. 1876 79. Enumeratio Plantarum in Japonia Sponte Crescentium.
М1ШШШ 1987.
Gilliland, H. B. et al. 1971. A Revised Flora of Malaya. Vol. Ill, Grasses of Malaya. Botanic Gardens, Singapore.
Gould, F. W. 1963. Cytotaxonomy of Digitaria sangttinalis and D. adscendens. Brittonia 15: 241 244.
------- 1975. The Grasses of Texas. Texas Л & M Univ. Press.
Gould. F. W.. Ali. M. A. & Fairbrolhers, D. E. 1972. A Revision of Echinochloa in the United States. Amer. Midi.
Natur. 87 (1): 36 59.
Gould, F. W. & Shaw. R. B. 1983. Grass Systematics. 2nd cd. Texas A & M Univ. Press.
Greuter, W. et al. 1987. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.
1987.
Hackel, E. 1896. True Grasses. Westminster Archibald Constable & Co.
Hara H. 1939. Critical notes on some East Asiatic plants (II). Journ. Jap. Bot. 15: 458 459. 1ЖЙ 0
15$ J
------- 1941. Miscellaneous notes on the nomenclature of Asiatic plants CIV’). Journ. Jap. Bot. 17 : 397 398.
MW) lififefll ЗЕЙЙ 17$ J
------- 1956. 9 Л 31$: 126-128.
------- 1984. Some new combinations of the /\siatic plants based on Art. 57. 3. Journ. Jap. Bot. 59 : 103-104. I'Hflft
Ф45Ш957&3«KJ: 59$j
Hara IL. Steam. W. T. & Williams, L. II. 1978. Graminae in an Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal, Vol.
I : 120-148.
Hatch, M D. & Slack. C. R. 1970. Photosynthetic CO2-fixation pathways. Ann. Rev. Pl. Phys. 21 : 141-162.
llatusima S. 1971. Flora of the Ryukyus. J
Hayata B. 1925. On Moliniopsis, a new genus of the Gramineae of Japan. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39: 257-258.
Henrard. .1. TH. 1950. Monograph of the Genus Digitaria. Univ. Leiden.
Hisauchi K. 1950. Naturalized Plants in Japan. Kagaku-Tosho Shuppansha. Tokyo.
ШЖМО
Hitchcock. A. S. 1951. Manual of the Grasses of the United States. 2nd ed. Dover Publications, Inc., New York.
Honda M. 1925. Eccoilopus and Spodiopogon. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 458 : 67-6f? (zkBllEiik
4583)
------- 1930. Monographia Poacearum Japonicarum, Bambusoideis exclusis. Journ. Fac. Sci. Tokyo Univ. Bot. Vol.
Ill Part I.
------- 1936“. Chikushichloa occurring in northern Japan. Journ. Jap. Bot. 12: 137. [o< L Zo-'P.ltjffi
12$)
------- 1936’“. Brachvpodium of Nippon and Manchuria. Journ. Jap. Bot. 12: 151 155. ( H E <“ fiff
&®iw.ii£ 12$)
—------ 1936е. Ancistrochloa. a new genus Poaceae. Journ. Jap. Bot. 12 : 18-19. 0 <0 A'» 9 MfeSF
'ЯМЙ 12$)
1980.
757
References
Hsu C.-c. 1963. A study on Formosan Panicum (Gramineae), with special reference to their lodicules. Journ. Jap. Bot.
38: 75-86. (Ж1';й ЙЯ4+ 6ЙК-Г18), 38®j
-------- 1974. Taiwan Grasses. Part 1 & II. Taiwan Prov. Educ. Assoc. Taipei. [aJWjTfc#
Hubbard. С. E. 1984. Grasses, a guide to their structure, identification, uses and distribution in the British Isles. 3d.
ed. Penguin Books Ltd.
Ito 1. & Koyama T. 1956. On Lophaiherum sinense Rendle. Journ. Jap. Bot. 31: 70. (? й W l> -v-
31®)
1984. А У -х » х к / / t Л-. © - Щ кок 35® : 182.
1988. W5?JII^«im
Kasahara Y. 1968. Weed of Japan, seeds, seedlings and plants. Yokendo Ltd. Tokyo. (SzitjCAfiL ffi-f-,
Kawano S. 1959. /X revision of Hierochloe in the northern islands of the Far East. Journ. Jap. Bot. 34 : U 17. CflSf
ДЙ • 34®)
-------- 1963. Brief notes on the chromosomes of some Japanese plants (2). Journ. Jap. Bot. 38: 47-50.
Kawano S. & Tatewaki M. 1961. A new species of Poa from Hokkaido, Japan. Journ. Jap. Bot. 36: 337-342.
Kitagawa M. 1942. Roegneria gmerinii. Journ. Jap. Bot. 18: 599.
-------- 1964. Noturae fractae ob fioram Asiae Orientalis (17). Journ. Jap. Bot. 39 : 250 254. C;IUII®t>L- ЛНШИЗД®'
ШИН"ШлИ 39®]
-------- 1967. Review on the relatives of Roegneria ciliaris (Trinius) Nevski. Journ. Jap. Bot. 42 : 219-223. О й*
ШИНЗМШ 42®)
Koning. R. de & Sosef. M. S. .VI. 1985. The Malaysian species of Paspalum L. Blumea 30: 279-318.
Korlschack. H. P., Hartt. G. E. & Burr. G. 0. 1965. Carbon dioxide fixation in sugarcane leaves. Pl. Physiol. 40: 209-
213.
Kovama T. 1962. Nomenclatorial remarks on some grasses. Journ. Jap. Bot. 37 : 231-241. [<blI|Шг£ T
37®
-------- 1987. Grasses of Japan and its Neighbouring Regions. Kodansha Ltd. Tokyo.
Koyama T. & Kawano S. 1964. Critical taxa of Grasses with North American and Eastern Asiatic distribution.
Canad. Journ. Bot. 42: 859 884.
Kuo P. c. et al. 1987. Flora Republicae Popularis Sinicae. Tomus 9 (3). Monocotyledoneae Graminae(3), Pooidae.
Science Press. Peking. b ПИЙШ ХЛ&Ж-.ЯШ (=.) ЛЙЯ
Kuwahara Y. 1960. The first seedling leaf in grass systematics. Journ. Jap. Bol. 35: 139-145. (^Kt^sltf'i -f
l»W:® 35®]
--------- 1961. On the shape and the direction of leaves of grass seedlings. Journ. Jap. Bot. 36 : 368 373. (T
®Л^Л<!:Ж®ВЙШ®7/1^НС-оих 36®]
-------- 1962. Caryopsis and systematics in Japanese grasses. Journ. Jap. Bot. 37 : 207-217. fllTt® и"
WWO 37®)
-------- 1974 1981. Ж-----И®
Lazarides. М. 1980. The Tropical Grasses of Southeast Asia. J. Cramer Vaduz.
Lee Y. n. 1964. Taxonomic studies on the genus Miscanthus. Journ. Jap. Bot. 39: 115-123, 196-204. 257-265. 289-298.
WiWSEfeT 39®]
-------- 1966. Manual of the Korean Grasses. Ehwa Woman’s Univ. Seoul, Korea.
Maebara K. 1931. Florula Austro-Higoensis. Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto-ken. Kyusiu. Japan. (ЙЧЙНЙ&ЙР ЙЖЙЗДЙ]
Maeda M.. Hiraoka A., Tateoka T. N. & Tateoka T. 1984. Detection of rutin by high performance liquid chromato-
graphy and its application to taxonomic studies of Calamagrostis (Poaceae). Bot. Mag. Tokyo 97: 271-271.
Makino T. 1961. Makino’s New Illustrated Flora of Japan. Hokurvukan Co. Tokyo. Ж5ТЙ'?ЬЙ|1 H /МШЙК!
& »J®]
Masumura S. 1989. Illustration of Paspalum distichum var. indutum Shinners. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 40: 97-98. (Й
40®)
1905. T® ЮЕЙ15
Matumura M. 1967. Genecological studies on the foxtail grass, Alopecurus aequalis, in Japan. Bull. Fac. Agric. Gifu
Univ. 25: 129-208.
-------- 1968. Some observations on the F, hybrids of Alopecurus japonicus and up- and low-land types of A.
aequalis. Bull. Fac. Agric. Gifu Univ. 26: 195 203.
-------- 1969. Some observations on germinability and heading behavior of low- and up-land types of Alopecurus
collected from various locarities of Japan. Bull. Fac. Agric. Gifu Univ. 28: 252-266. x'> / r
у ,-K | 284?)
-------- 1976. Experimental ecology on the dynamics of mixed population of the low-and lhe up-land types of foxtail.
Bull. Fac. Agric. Gifu Univ. 39: 283-300. Mfr*' / r > d<
39 vJ
-------- 1980. The comparative ecology of intraspecific variants of the Chigaya, Imperata cylindrica var koenigii
758
(Alang-alang). Bull. Fac. Agric. Gifu Univ. 43: 233-248. [ ( 1 )
tt 434)
1983. Fundamental studies on artificial propagation by seeding useful wild grasses in Japan. Journ. Jap. Soc.
Grassland Sci. 28: 395 404. О *'T©ffip-j 2 11 28g)
1984. Comparative Ecology of Intraspecific variants of the Chigaya. Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii
(Alang-alang). Bull. Fac. Agric. Gifu Univ. 49 : 371 -381. О Л’ТФЙЙ 2
49®
Mizushima M. 1960. Setaria faberii versus S. autumnalis. Journ. Jap. Bot. 35 : 61-64. (ЖАоЕй 7 / = в /-ttK.
ot>t 35g)
Mohlenbrock. R. H. 1971. The illustrated flora of Illinois. Illinois Univ. Press.
Murata G. 1969. Some adventive plants in Japan. Acta Phytotax. Geobol. 23: 174. (ННЗЙЙ
JfeW. 23g]
tffflig-'J'lOT 1988. И^ЗНйЛИ 39g : 46.
Nakai T. 1939. On the nomenclature of Setaria pycnocoma and Panicurn paucisetam Steud. Journ. Jap. Bot. 15: 392
394. itt *>•*>• *.© г ь i г г t o'/ т т кwisgj
Ohwi J. 1930. Symbolae ad Floram Asiae Orientalis. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 44: 566-573.
-------- 1933. Symbolae ad Florum Asiae Orientalis 7. Acta Phylotax. Geobot. 2: 25-36.
-------- 1936. Plantae Novae Japonicae (III). Journ. Jap. Bot. 12: 652-655.
-------- 1937". Plantae. Novae Japonicae (IV). Journ. Jap. Bot. 13: 332-335.
-------- 1937". Plantae Novac Japonicae (V). Journ. Jap. Bot. 13: 435-447.
--------1941". Stipeae (Gramineae) of Japan, Manchuria, and Northern China. Journ. Jap. Bot. 17: 399-405. (AJt-
WWfSOSsS 17®
-------- 1941”. Aveneae (Gramineae) of Japan. Journ. Jap. Bot. 17: 8-19. 17
gj
-------- 1941‘. Phalarideae et Oryzeae (Gramineae) Japonicae. Journ. Jap. Bot. 17 : 615. (ЙЖ < J; L®I 1- teta®
17g)
1941”. 1941”. 194 V. 1941». An account of the Tribe Eragrosteae of Japan, I. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55: 274*313. The Tribe Agrosteae of Japan, excluding the genus Calamagrostis. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55: 350*363. The Tribe Sporoboleae (Gramineae) in Japan. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55: 393 398. Gramina Japonica, I. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 94-135. (H Ж ЙЙ^ЕЙЛЁЖ 10
& J 1941". g) 1942". g) Gramina Japonica, 11. Acta Phytotax. Geobol. 10: 261*274. C13 ЙЕ— Й^))-ЯЛ!1Ж 10 Gramina Japonica, III. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 27-56. (13^©т^/кйЙ^1 ЙЕН ШЙЗЛИЙЛкЖ 11
1942”. Gramina Japonica, IV. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 145-193. (11 SEE ЙЙ^^ЛШЁЖ
Ugj
1919. Noles on some plants from the Far-East. Bull. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 26 : 1-12. CJKffl
26®
1953. Flora of Japan ed. 1. Shibundo, Tokyo (EI/NWfesi $JCs£)
1962. On Japanese Echinochloa. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 20 : 50-55. ( Г1 >F© t КИНЕЗНЛк
Ж 20g)
— 1963. Materials for the distribution of vascular plants in Japan (25). Journ. Jap. Bot. 38: 232.
15Й«(25) 38g)
-------- 1965. Flora of Japan. Smithonian Intsitution, Washington. D. C.
-------- 1975. Flora of Japan, new edition, revised and enlarged. Shibundo, Tokyo. ( П SATE® ЙЙТПЯЖ®
?F5t?i£)
Ohwi J. & Sakamoto S. 1964. Taxonomy, ecology and distribution of Agropyron humidum Ohwi et Sakamoto. Journ.
Jap.Bot.39: 109-114. ШГ-гкНЙ? • t X* Л**©#«<!:i® ИШ'ЙМгЙ 39g)
Okuda T. 1986. Effects of herbivores on the competition of C3 and C. Graminoids. Journ. Scien. Hiroshima Univ. Ser.
B, Div. 2 (Botany), 20 (1-2) : 1-27.
Okuyama S. 1938. Miscellaneous notes on the Japanese plants (IV). Journ. Jap. Bot. 14 : 340*343. (56lll#$ H^tfi
^Sd(-KE) WNfflW 14g)
-------- 1969. &Ж&5ПS7 'iiit
Osada T. 1972. Illustrated Japanese alien plants. Hokuryukan Co. Ltd., Tctkyo. (JifflitiE П Ж
ffil
Phillips, S. M. 1973. The genus Dinebra Jacq. Kew Bull. 28 (3) : 411-418.
Rajbhandari, K. R. 1988. Puccinellia nipponica Ohwi, notes on its taxonomy and distribution. Journ. Phytogeo. &
Taxon. 36: 37-38.
Rauschert. S. 1972. Zur Nomenklatur der Fam- und Blutenpflanzen, Deutschlands (III). Feddes Repert. 83: 645-662.
Raven, P. H. 1960. The correct name for Rescue grass. Brittonia 12: 219 221.
759
References
Richard, W. P. 1978. How io Know the Grasses. Wm. C. Brown Co. Dubuque. Iowa.
Rotar. P. P. 1968. Grasses of Hawaii. Univ. Hawaii.
|Й$!£9} 1984. feiffioWtW 109 : 1 -18.
Salake Y. et al. 1982. Wild Flowers of Japan I (Monocotyledoneae). Heibonsha Ltd. Tokyo. I'tfcVlSSiRBflllfe 11
I TJLltJ
Scholz. II. & IL 1983. Graminees et Cyperacees du Togo. J. Cramer Vaduz.
Scholz. IL 1981. Monographic der Gatlung Oplismenus. J. Cramer Vaduz.
Sekine Y. 1959. Ligule patterns of the Poaceae. Journ. Jap. Bot. .34 : 129-134. 4 t-MothJiWnf®
ЙМЙ. 34®
Steudel, E. G. 1853-54. Synopsis Plantarum Graminearum. Stuttgartiae. J. B. Metzler.
Sugimoto J. 1958. Manual of the naturalized plants in Japan (1). Amatorcs Herbarii 19 (1) : 2 8. H&O
i) 19®
------- 1973. Keys to Herbaceous Plants of Japan. 11 Monocotyledoneae. Inoue Book Co.. Tokyo. ( H
ч5- f-jiStM # l-.Wffi]
Takeda IL 1910". Nouvelles Calamagrostis du Japon. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 24 : 37-45.
-------19101'. Notulae ad planles novae vel minus cognitas Japoniae. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 24 : 112.
Tanaka 11. 1974. Pollination of some Gramineae (1). Journ. Jap. Bot. 49 : 309 313. 4 4 W'xtS 6Й
WOT-ea 49®
------- 1975. Pollination of some Gramineae (2). Journ. Jap. Bot. 50: 25-31. C 4 2 )
Si; 50®l
Tateoka T. 1954. On the systematic significance of starch grainsof seeds in Poaceae. Journ. Jap. Bot. 29: 341 346. ! №
1Ф1Ш 4 29®
------- 1955“. On the genus Torreyochloa. Journ. Jap. Bot. .30 : 63 64. 0 ' 4 F •> a V zt-fEKol't
30®
------- 19551'. Further studies on starch grains of seeds in Poaceae from the viewpoint of systematics. Journ. Jap.
Bot. 30: 199 -208. tW4 't fift^ifflf'fS»^ 30^1
------- 1956". Miscellaneous papers on grass-phylogeny. Journ. Jap. Bot. 31: 1 (1). 84 (2), 179 (4). 241 (4), 267 (5),
.307 <64. 353 (7). [ 4 4$tS!( I - 7 ) 31 ®
------- 1956”. Reexamination of anatomical characteristics of the leaves in Eragrostoidcae and Panicoideae
(Poaceae). Journ. Jap. Bot. 31 : 210-218. (xx / T
31 ®
------- 1956е. On the systematic position of the genus Cleistogenes with special reference to the characteristics of
epidermis and the structure of leaf. Journ. Jap. Bot. 31: 326 332. С X ’/-7- 9 fei, Stic4 d 7 -t у / Л' У i’xKoj;
©ВЯШЙЙИ 31®
------- 1957“. Miscellaneous papers on the phylogeny of Poaceae. Journ. Jap. Bot. 32: 11 (8), 43 (9). 275 (10). I 4
•4- <5«.nd( 8 -10) 32®
------- 1957”. Notes on some Grasses, IV systematic position of the genus Brachyelythrum. Journ. Jap. Bot. 32:
111-114. [4 МШЙК 8) 32®
------- 1959. 4
------- 1962". Notes on the genus Brachypodium. Journ. Jap. Bot. 37 : 225. I.T-? Л -t >ic-dl-t? ttfifeJJHfEiMf
IS 37®
------- 19621'. Morphology in grass systematics (1). historical comments. Journ. Jap. Bot. .37 : 333-342. (4
W'4E£ 37®
------- 1963. Notes on the evolution of Avena and its relatives. Journ. Jap. Bot. 38 : 208-214. [Л x x J- L T<?)
WzWWsS 38®
1964. Noles on Phleum alpium L. Journ. Jap. Bot. 39 : 7 11. (s||ЗДОТ'4ь^й: 39®
------- 1965. Geographical distribution of the genus Hierochloe. Journ. Jap. Bot. 40: 221-224. ( -> V T '>4U©5H|itL
OK МЙШ; 40®
------- 1966. Notes on Anthoxanthum nipponicum Honda. Journ. Jap. Bot. 41: 85 88. ( ; i’ #-Vic-ot Й
41®
------- 1968". Agrostis clavata (Gramineae) in Japan. Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 11 (2) : 161 166.
------- 1968“. Notes on Calamagrostis hakonensis (Gramineae). Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 11 (3) : 293-298
------- 1969. A cytotaxonomic study of the Calamagrostis arundinacea complex (Gramineae) in Japan. Bull.
Nation. Sci. Mus. 3'okyo 12 (2) : 273-289.
------- 1970. A cytotaxonomic study of the genus Puccinellia (Gramineae) in Japan. Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo
13 <4) : 703-713.
--- 1972. Cytotaxonomic studies of Calamagrostis sachalinensis and its relatives in Mt. Shiomidake. Bull.
Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 15 (3) : 461-473.
------- 1973". Calamagrostis nana. a revived species of the Family Gramineae. Bull Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 16
(I): 45-60.
19731'. A taxonomic study of the genus Calamagrostis on Mount Yakeishidake. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 86: ЮЗ-
760
л® -&;
120.
-------- 1973е. A taxonomic study of the Роа macrocalyx complex, with particular reference to the populations in
eastern Hokkaido. Bot. .Mag, Tokyo 86: 213-228.
-------- 1974. A cytotaxonomic study of the Calamagroslis purpurea-langsdorlTiicanadensis complex in the lowlands
of Hokkaido. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 87 : 237-251.
—------- 1975. A contribution to the taxonomy of the Agrostis mertensii-flaccida complex (Poaceae) in Japan. Bot.
Mag. Tokyo 88: 65 87.
-------- 1976. Chromosome numbers of the genus Calamagroslis in Japan. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 89: 99-114.
-------- 1977. Natural hybridization in Japanese Calamagroslis I. several interspecific combinations in central
Honshu. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 90: 103 128.
-------- 1978. Cytotaxonomic conspectus of Japanese Trisetum (Poaceae) Bull. Nation Sci. Mus. Tokyo Ser. B. 4
fl): 1-3.
-------- 1981). Chromosome polymorphism of the Poa macrocalyx complex in Hokkaido. Bot. Mag. Tokyo93: 221-
235.
-------- 1982". A new subspecies of Calamagroslis nana (Poaceae) from the Oomine Range of Japan. Bull. Nation.
Sci. Mus. Tokyo. Ser. B. 8 11 >: 1-13. lAlfflll^fJ'U x. Ы i/c t T / Л' У T л t f У-й W 1 ЙШНШ lid iZIt/WiWI Й
*t*f 8 ®
-------- 1982". A taxonomic study of Calamagroslis masamunei (Poaceae). Acta Phytotax. Geobol. 33 : 346-354. ( +
9 У-1.1 h' •) tx(-f 33®
-------- 1983. Morphological variation and taxonomy of the Poa macrocalyx complex (Poaceae) in Hokkaido. Bot.
Mag. Tokyo 96: 245-267.
-------- 1984. Calamagroslis hakonensis (Poaceae). distribution and differentiation of cytolypes. Bot. Mag. Tokyo
97: 247 270.
-------- 1985". Chromosome numbers of (he genus Festuca in Japan. Department of Botany, Titkuba Bot. fiard..
Nation. Sci. Mus. 3: 13-17. f П *7 > ' * 3 ®
-------- 1985". Chromosome numbers of three species of Agrostis (Poaceae) in Japan. Bull. Nation. Sci. Mus. Tokyo
Ser. B. 11 (1) : 33 40. С H * )i .T®( -f T-W 3 11®
-------- 1985*. A taxonomic study of the Calamagroslis tashiroi group (Poaceae). Bot. Mag. Tokyo 98: 181 191.
-------- 1985'1. Chromosome numbers and their taxonomic implications in the genus Poa of Japan. Bot. Mag. Tokyo
98: 413 437.
-------- 1987. Identity and distribution of Poa crassinervis (Poaceae). Acta Phytotax. Geobol. 38 : 176-186. ("/ 7 •>
л X а / * 7 t’7(-f h iiiW/JglltM 38®l
--------4 -V A i> (ЛЙЙЗЙ»)
Tateoka T. & Hayashida Y. 1955. A cytotaxonomic study of Calamagroslis arundinacea Roth var. brachytricha
Hack. Journ. Jap. Bot. 30 : 336-339. llfWJEM • 9 T ltlIW'Wi£ ЗО'й)
Tateoka T. & Koba H. 1988. Taxonomic studies of the genus Poa of Japan. 1. Boundaries between Poa acroleuca, P.
hisauchii and P. nipponica : a reexamination aided by chromosome observations. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 101:
311-331.
Tateoka T. & Mitikawa M. 1987. Agrostis mertcnsii (Poaceae) in Hokkaido. Bot Mag. Tokyo 100 : 273 293.
Terrell. E. E. 1967. Medow fescue: Festuca elatior L. or F. pratensis Hudson ? Briltonia 19: 129-132.
-------- 1976. The correct names for Pearl millet and Yellow foxtail. Taxon 25: 297-304.
Thunberg, С. P. 1784. Flora Japonica (reprint 1976, Inoue Book Co. Tokyo}.
Trinius, С. B. 1828. Species Graminum. Pars I : Descriptiones et Pars 2: leones (reprint 1970. Cramer, J. & Swann,
H. K.).
Tsvelev. N. N. 1976. Crasses of the Soviet Union. Part I & П (Eng. ed. 1984. A. A. Balkema. Rotterdam).
Tutin. T. G. et al. edit. 1980. Flora Europaea, Vol. 5 (Monocotyledones). Cambridge Univ. Press.
Tuvama T. 1912“. Miscellaneous notes on Japanese Digitaria. Journ. Jap. Bot. 18: 6 21. Щ1 litй
18®
-------- 1942". About Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Journ. Jap. Bot. 18: 64. [ $' j. 5^'Ulf Cvnodon daclylon tL.)
Pres. -Й-г MWtfWfc 18®
Veldkamp, J. F. 1973. A Revision of Digitaria Haller in Malesia. Leiden.
-------- 1982. Agrostis valvata Steud. is the correct name for Agrostis nipponensis (Gramineae;. Journ. Jap. Bot. 57 :
96. (J. F. 7 t /У F Л x 7’ t > 7 7 Л '/Agrostis valvata Steud. <*^>6 TuMici 57®1
Waller. S. S. & Lewis, .1. K. 1979. Occurrence of Cf and Ct photosynthetic pathways in North American Grasses. Journ.
Range Manage. 32 (1) : 12 28.
Webster, R. D. 1987. The Australian Paniceae (Poaceae). J. Cramer Berlin. Stuttgart.
Wheeler. D. J. B. et al. 1984. Grasses of New South Wales. Univ, of N«w England.
Widen. K. G. 1971. The genus Agrostis L. in Eastern Fennoscandia. taxonomy and distribution. Univ. Helsinki.
iiimwfib 1984. тТйййк
761
Index of Common Names in English and Japanese
A
Abura-susuki ...............668
Afurika-hige-shiba..........521
Ai-ashi ....................728
Ainu-somosomo...............186
Aki-mehishiba...............628
Aki-no-enokorogusa..........610
Alpine cat's tail ..........374
Alpine timothy .............371
American sloughgrass .......368
Amerika-suzumenohie ........586
Annual beard grass .........354
Annual bluegrass ...........160
Annual meadow-grass ........160
Annual vernalgrass .........276
Ao-ichigo-tsunagi ..........184
Ao-kamojigusa ..............402
Ao-ushinokegusa ............108
Arage-mehishiba ............630
Arctic bent ................300
Arctic hair-grass ..........256
Arctic holy-grass ..........264
Arechi-inegaya .............100
Ashi .......................450
Ashiboso ...................704
Ashi-kaki ...................82
Atsuba-hai-chigozasa .......654
Awa ........................602
Awagaeri....................372
Awniess brome ..............392
Azegaya ....................456
Azumagaya...................432
В
Bahia grass................586
Bake-nukabo ...............310
Barnyard grass ............566
Bearded couch .............410
Bermuda grass .............528
Big quaking-grass..........154
Birohdo-kibi ..............578
Black grass................364
Blady grass................688
Boh-mugi...................134
Broom-corn millet..........560
Broom-sedge ................718
Buffalo grass ..............620
Bulbous bluegrass...........204
Bulbous meadow-grass........204
c
California brome .......396, 398
Canada bluegrass ...........178
Canarygrass.................284
Canary-kusayoshi ...........284
Cat's tail .................370
Chabo-chahiki...............384
Chabo-chizimizasa...........544
Chahiki.....................232
Chess.......................388
Chigaya.....................688
Chigozasa...................650
Chikaragusa ................190
Chikara-shiba ..............638
Chikugo-suzumenohie ........752
Chikushigaya.................84
Chishima-dozyoh-tsunagi.....148
Chishima-gariyasu...........322
Chishima-kanitsuri .........246
Chishima-somosomo...........192
Chizimizasa.............542, 544
Chosen-gariyasu.............462
Cocksfoot...................206
Cogon grass.................688
Common reed ................450
Couch ......................428
Creek grass.................724
Creeping bent ..............290
Crested hair-grass .........248
Crincled hair-grass.........252
Crowfoot grass .............494
Cutgrass.....................78
D
Dallis grass ...............592
Danchiku....................444
Darnel .....................132
Dense silky-bent............352
Doku-mugi ..................132
Dozyoh-tsunagi .............218
Drooping brome..............380
Drooping woodreed .........358
E
Edauchi-chikara-shiba ......636
Edauchi-chizimizasa........546
Enokorogusa ................604
Eulalia ...................672
Euly.......................672
Ezo-kamojigusa .............416
Ezo-kohboh.................266
Ezo-rnugi ..................424
Ezo-no-sayanukagusa.........78
Ezo-mtkabo.................302
F
Fall panicum ...............552
False brome................100
False oat-grass ............230
Feather finger-grass.......522
Finger millet ..............492
Fohrigaya..................224
Fowl bluegrass .............174
Foxtail chess ..............384
Fuhchisoh..................446
Fuji-ichigo-tsunagi........168
Fukurodagaya...............166
Fusagaya...................358
Fushine-kin-enokoro........618
G
Giant reed ................444
Ginia-kibi.................750
Goat grass ................746
Goosegrass ................490
Great brome ...............382
Green bristlegrass ........604
Guinea grass .............75(1
Gyohgi-shiba ..............528
H
Ilachizyoh-susuki .........676
H aga wari tobosh iga ra.114
Hai-chigozasa..............652
nai-dozyoh-lsunagi ........150
Hai-kibi ..................556
Hai-konukagusa.............290
766
Hai-numeri ................562
Hai-shiba..................520
Ilakidamegaya .............468
Hakusan-ichigo-lsunagi ....190
Hama-chahiki...............390
Hama-enokoro ..............606
Hamagaya ..................460
Harna-hiegacri ............354
Hama-mugi..................420
l-lama-ninniku.............430
Ilanabigaya................222
Hana-kusa-kibi ............558
Ilana-nuka-susuki..........262
Hanegaya ...................94
Hari-no-ho ................740
Ilarugaya..................270
Henrii-mehishiba ..........626
Hie........................576
Hiegaeri ..................356
Higegaya...................144
Hige-naga-komesusuki .......98
Higenaga-suzume-no-chahiki •••382
Hige-nogariyasu............340
Hige-shiba ................496
Hime-abura-susuki .........710
Hime-ashiboso .............702
Hime-canary-kusayoshi .....286
Hime-harugaya .............276
Ilime-inubie...............570
Hime-kamojigusa ...........428
llime-kobansoh ............156
Hime-konukagusa............308
H ime-nezu m i • no-o......504
Ilime-nogariyasu ..........330
Hime-nukabo ...............294
Ilime-ca-inubie ...........574
Hime-ukigaya...............210
Hina-gariyasu..............332
1-linazasa ................656
Hiroha-no-dozyoh-tsunagi ..216
Iliroha-no-hanegaya ........96
Hiroha-no-kome-susuki .....254
Hiroha-no-konukagusa.......312
Hiroha-no-ushinokegusa ....122
Hiroha-nuinagaya ...........90
Hogaerigaya ...............226
Holy grass ................268
Hosoba-dozyoh-tsunagi .....152
Hosobana-somosomo .........202
Hosoba-suzumegaya..........482
Hoso-mugi .................130
Iloso-seiyoh-nukabo........352
Hossugaya .................318
I
Ibuki-kamojigusa ...........410
Ibuki-nukabo ...............102
Ibuki-somosomo..............192
Ichigo-tsunagi..............176
India lovegrass .........474.478
Indian ricegrass............100
Ine .........................76
Inu-awa.....................600
Inubie .....................566
Inu-kamojigusa .............412
Inumugi.....................396
Inu-naginatagaya ...........140
Inu-shiba ..................620
Ishizuchi-kohboh ...........280
Itachigaya .................694
Italian millet .............602
Italian rye-grass...........128
Ito-azegaya ................458
Ilo-iehigo-tsunagi .........182
Ito-susuki..................674
llo-suzumegaya .............482
Iwa-nogariyasu .............320
Iwatakesoh .................434
J
Japanese lawn grass.........534
Japanese-millet ............576
Jishibari ..................452
Job’s tears ................734
Johnson grass...............708
J une-grass ................248
Juzudama....................734
К
Kamogaya ....................206
Kamojigusa..................406
Kamo-no-hashi ...............712
Kanitsurigusa...............244
Kanitsuri-nogariyasu ........334
Kanilsuri-susuki............246
Karafuto-dozyoh-tsunagi.....212
Karasu-mugi .................232
Karasu-no-chahiki...........388
Karimatagaya................716
Kariyasu ....................682
Kariyasu-modoki .............678
Kashimagaya .................74
Kazekusa........*...........476
Kazunokogusa ................368
Ke-chizimizasa ..............542
Ke-inubie ...................568
Ke-kamo-no-hashi ...........714
Kenashi-harugaya ...........272
Kentucky bluegrass .........180
Ke-todashiba ...............660
Kibi .......................560
Kidachi-no-nezumigaya ......510
Kin-enokoro................614
Kirishima-nogariyasu .......324
Kishu-suzumenohie ..........582
Kiladake-kanitsuri .........240
Kita-mehishiba .............632
Kitsune-gaya ...............376
Knot grass .................582
Knot-root bristle-grass....618
Kobana-nogariyasu ..........350
Kobano-ushi-no-shippei .....732
Kobansoh...................154
Kobuna-gusa ................724
Ko-chizimizasa .............544
Kodra millet ...............594
Kogome-kazekusa............470
Kohboh.....................268
Kohbohbie ..................492
Kohrai-shiba ...............536
Kohry oh - kami >j igusa...418
Kohya-zasa .................92
Ko-ichigo-tsunagi ..........178
Komegaya ...................220
Ko-mehishiba ...............622
Komesusuki .................252
Ko-miyama-nukabo ...........300
Ko-nezumigaya ..............516
Konukagusa.................292
Ko-sasakibi................598
Koshi-no-nezumigaya ........512
Ko-suzumegaya ..............474
Ko-suzume-no-chahiki .......392
Kotsubu-kin-enokoro ........616
Kuro-mugi ..................744
Kusa yoshi .................282
Kushiro-chahiki ............378
L
Little barley.............438
M
Ma karasu-mugi............234
Makomo.....................86
Mangoku-dozyoh-tsunagi....742
Mannagrass................208
Mascarene grass...........536
Meadow fescue ............122
Meadow foxtail ...........362
767
Index of Common Names in English and Japanese
Megarukaya ........................726
Me-hishiba ........................624
Meri к en- kanik ay a..............718
Michi-shiba .......................222
Migiwashiba .......................662
Migiwa-todashiba ..................662
Minalo-karasii-mugi................236
Minato-rnugi-kusa..................438
Minoboro...........................248
.Minoboro-modoki ..................250
Minogome ......................208.368
Misayama-chahiki...................228
Misuji-nagahagusa..................738
Miyama-abura-susuki ...............666
Miyama-awagaeri....................374
Miyama-chahiki.....................224
M i у a m a - doz у oh -1 sun agi .214
Miyama-harugaya....................274
Miyama-ichigo-tsunagi..............196
Miyama-kanilsuri ..................242
Miyama kohboh......................264
Miyama-nezumigaya..................514
Miyama-nogariyasu .................336
Miyama-nukabo......................298
Miyama-sasagaya ...................698
Miyama-ushinokegusa ...............110
Mizo-ichigo-tsunagi ...............166
Mizuta-kamoji .....................426
Morokoshi-gaya.....................706
Mugi-kusa .........................436
Mukago-ichigo-tsunagi..............204
Mukago-tsuzuri ....................170
Murasaki-naginatagaya .............142
Murasaki-nezumi-no-o...............500
Mutsu-nogariyasu ..................326
Mutsuoregusa.......................208
N
Nagahagusa................180
Naga-higegariyasu ........342
Nagamino-onishiba ........538
Naginatagava..............136
Nanbu-somosomo ...........198
Napier grass .............644
Narukobie ................580
Nemurogaya ...............320
Nczumigaya ...............506
Nezumimugi ...............128
Nezuini-no-o .............498
Nezumi-shiba .............464
Nikoge-nuka-kibi .........554
Nimblewill ...............516
Nise-kobansoh ............394
Niwahokori.................480
Nodding melick ............220
No-gariyasu................348
Northern bent..............304
No-suzume-no-leppoh .......364
Nukabo.........«...........306
Nuka-kazekusa .............486
Nuka-kibi..................550
Nuka-susuki ...............260
Numagaya ..................448
Numa-ichigo-tsunagi........174
Numa-kazekusa..............484
N'umeri-gusa ..............564
О
Oat........................234
Ogarukaya .................720
Ogi........................686
Oh-abura-susuki............664
Oh-awagaeri ...............370
Ohba-chizimizasa ..........548
Oh-enokoro.................608
Oh-gyohgi-shiba............530
Oh-higcgariyasu............342
Oh-higcnaga-kariyasu-modoki 680
Oh-ichigo-tsunagi .........164
O-hige-shiba...............522
O-hi-shiba.................490
Oh-kanitsuri...............230
Oh-kusa-kibi ..............552
Oh-naginalagaya ...........138
Oh-nezumigaya .............508
Oh-niwahokori .............478
Oh-sasagaya ...............700
Oh-suzume-no-chahiki ......382
Oh-suzume-no-katabira .....172
Oh-suzume-no-teppoh .......362
Oh-toboshigara ............120
Ohto-mugi .................234
Oh-ushinokegusa ...........112
Okuyania-nukabo ...........296
Oni-ichigo-tsunagi ........200
Oni-kamojigusa ............408
Oni-nogariyasu ............338
Oni-shiba .................540
Oni-toboshigara ...........120
Oni-ushinokegusa ..........124
Onoe-gariyasu..............328
Orange fox tail ...........366
Orchard-grass..............206
P
Palm grass ................596
Pearl millet ................611
Perennial rye grass .........130
Q
Quack grass.................428
R
Rabbitfoot-grass............354
Rai-mugi ...................744
Rat’s-tail fescue...........136
Rattlesnake chess ..........394
Red top.....................292
Reed canary-grass...........282
Reed fescue.................124
Rescue grass ...............396
Rhode's grass ..............524
Rice.........................76
Ricegrass...................100
Rishiri-kanitsuri...........238
Rohzu-soh...................524
Rough bent-grass ...........302
Rough bluegrass.............172
Rough bristle-grass ........612
Rough dog’s tail............144
Rough meadow grass .........172
Rush grass ..................316
Rye..........................744
Rye brome ...................388
s
Saitohgaya .................348
Sasagaya ...................696
Sasakibi ...................596
Sasa-kusa....................4 It)
Sawa-suzumenohie ...........584
Sayanukagusa ................80
Seashore dropseed...........502
Seashore paspalum ..........584
Seiban-morokoshi ...........708
Seiko-no-yoshi .............454
Seitaka-yoshi ..............454
Setogaya ...................360
Setogaya modoki ............288
Sheep’s fescue..............104
Shi ba......................534
Shiba-mugi .................428
Shikokubie .................492
Shima-chikara-shiba.........640
Shima-hige-shiba ...........526
Shima-suzumenohie ..........592
Shinadare-suzumegaya........488
Shin-kuri-no-iga............646
Shiogirisoh ................748
768
Shiragegay а................258
Shirami-shiba ..............532
Silvery hair-grass .........260
Six-week's fescue ..........142
Slender fox-tail ...........364
Small quaking-grass.........156
Smilo-grass.................100
Smooth crab-grass...........632
Smooth meadow-grass.........180
Smutgrass ..................498
Soft brome .................390
Soft chess..................390
Sonare-shiba ...............502
Southern crab-grass ........624
Southern sandbur ...........646
Spine grass ................648
Stalked burgrass ...........532
St. Augustine grass ........620
Stiff darnel ...............134
Stinkgrass .................472
Susuki .....................672
Suzugaya....................156
Suzumcgaya .................472
Suzume-no-chahiki ..........386
Suzumenohie ................590
Suzume-no-katabira..........160
Suzume-no-kobie ............594
Suzume-no-teppoh............366
Swamp meadow-grass..........174
Sweet-grass.................268
Sweet vernalgrass...........270
T
Tachi-dozyoh-tsunagi .......146
Tachi-ichigo-tsunagi........188
Tachi-kamojigusa ...........404
Tachi-nezumigaya............518
Tachi-suzumenohic ..........588
Ta-inubie...................572
Taishaku-katnoji ...........418
Taiwan-o-hige-shiba.........526
Takane-ezo-mugi ............414
Takane-ichigo-lsunagi.......196
Takane-kanitsuri ...........242
Takane-kohboh ..............278
Takane-kome-susuki.........256
Takane-nogariyasu .........328
Takane-somosomo ...........126
Takane-tachi-ichigo-tsunagi •194
Takanc-ushinokegusa .......106
Taka-no-ha-susuki..........674
Takikibi....................74
Tall fescue ...............124
Tall oat-grass.............230
Tashiro-nogariyasu ........346
Tatsu-no-hige ..............88
Tatsu-no-tsumegaya.........494
Tawara-mugi ...............154
Tenkigusa .................430
Timothy grass.............37(1
T oboshigara ..............116
Todashiba .............658.660
Toh-sasa-kusa..............442
Tokiwa-susuki .............684
Torpedo-grass..............556
Toshimagaya ...............318
Tsuki-ige .................648
Tsukushigaya ...............84
Tsukushi-suzurne-no-kalabira 162
Tsuri-enokoro..............642
Tsuru-yoshi................452
Tufted hair-grass .........254
Twitch ....................428
u
[Jkishiba .................634
Uma-no-chahiki.............380
Unnuke.....................690
Unnuke-modoki..............692
Urahagusa .................446
Ushi-kusa..................722
Ushinokegusa...............104
Ushi-no-shippei ...........730
Usuge-aki-mehishiba........630
Usuge-kamojigusa...........404
Usuge-todashiba............658
V
Various-leaved fescue .....114
Vasey grass................588
Vegetable wild-rice.........86
Velvet bent ................294
Velvet-grass...............258
Violet crab-grass ..........628
w
Wall-barley................436
Wase-obana.................670
Wavy hair-grass............252
Weeping-lovegrass..........488
Wild-oat ...................232
Witchgrass .................558
Wood bluegrass.............188
Wood meadow-grass..........188
W’ood millet...............102
Wood small-reed ...........316
Y
Yagi-mugi .................746
Yakunaga-inumugi ..........398
Yakushima-nogariyasu.......344
Yama-awa ..................316
Yama-kamojigusa............400
Yama-mizo-ichigo-lsunagi ..168
Yama-mtigi ................422
Yama-nukabo................304
Yama-toboshigara...........118
Yari-kusayoshi ............284
Yase-chahiki ..............380
Yellow bristle grass ......614
Yellow foxtail.............614
Yorkshire-fog..............258
Yoshi......................150
Yoshitake..................444
Yukikura-nukabo ...........296
Yukiwarigaya...............256
z
Zaratsuki-enokorogusa......612
Zaratsuki-ichigo-tsunagi ..176
Zebra grass ...............674
769
Index of Scientific Names
A
Achnalherum pekinense.........94
Acroelylrum japonicum ........440
Aegilops cylindrica .........746
Achiropus littoralis ........748
Agropyron caninum ...........410
ciliare var. minus ........404
gmelinii var. tenuisetum ..412
humidoruni ................426
humidum ...................426
japoncnse..................404
japonicum..................404
kamoji ....................406
koryoense..................418
mayebaranum................426
repens ....................428
semicoslatum ..............406
var. iransiens ..........406
tsukushiense ..............408
var. transicns ..........406
turczaninovii
var. tenuisetum .........412
yezoense ..................416
var. koryoense...........418
Agrostis alba ...............292
borealis...................300
canina ....................294
var. formosana ..........294
caryophyllea ..............260
ciliata ...................658
clavata ...................304
var. nukabo..............306
subsp. matsumurae........306
diffusa ...................292
dimorpholemma..............310
exarata var. nukabo........306
subsp. clavata...........304
fertilis ..................498
flaccida...................298
gigantea ..................292
hideoi.....................296
interrupta.................352
japonica ..................496
latifolia..................358
laxifiora .................302
Agrostis littoralis ..........502
matsumurae..................306
mertensii ..................300
miliacea ...................100
nigra ......................292
nipponensis ................308
palustris ..................290
scabra .....................302
sozanensis .................294
stolonifera ................290
var. prorepens............290
subsp. gigantea ..........292
subsp. palustris .........290
suaveolens .................358
valvata.....................308
virginica ..................502
Aira capillaris...............262
caryophyllea ...............260
cristata....................248
elegans.....................262
subsp. ambiqua ...........262
flexuosa....................252
indica......................562
Airella capillaris ...........262
Airopsis capillaris...........262
caryophyllea ...............260
Alopecurus aequalis
var. aequalis.............366
var. amurensis............366
agrestis....................364
amurensis...................366
aristatus ..................354
fulvus var. amurensis ......366
geniculatus var. amurensis •••366
hordeiformis ...............638
japonicus ..................360
malacostachyus .............360
monspeliensis ..............354
myosuroides.................364
pratensis ..................362
Ancistrochloa faurie! ........334
Andropogon anthephoroides
arundinaceus ...............708
biaristatus ................700
brevifolius ................722
cotulifer ..................668
Andropogon crassipes ......712
crinitus.................694
dichroanthus ............706
formosum.................700
goeringii ...............720
monandrus ...............694
serratus.................706
var. genuinus
subvar. major .........706
sibiricus ...............664
stipaeformis.............716
vimineus ................704
virginicus...............718
Anemagrostis interrupta....352
Anisantha diandra
subsp. rigida..........382
pontica..................380
rubens ..................384
tectorum ................380
Anthistria japonica .......726
Anthoxanthum alpinum ......272
aristatum................276
carrenianum .............276
formosanuni..............280
japonicum................278
var. sikokianum........280
subsp. luzoniense......280
luzoniense...............280
nipponicum ..............274
odoratum.................270
var. furumii ..........274
var. glaberrimum ......272
var. glabrescens ......272
subsp. alpinum ....270,270
subsp. nipponicum .....274
puelii...................276
sikokianum...............280
Apera interrupta ..........352
spica-venti .............352
Arctopoa eminens...........200
Arrhenatherum elatius......230
cv. Variegatum ......230
var. bulbosum .........230
Arthraxon ciliaris.........724
hispidus.................724
japonicus ...............724
770
Arthraxon paucillorus .........724
Arundinella anomala ...........658
var. lasiophylla ..........660
hirta var. ciliata...........658
var. glauca ...............660
var. hirta ................660
var. hondana ..............660
var. riparia ..............662
riparia .....................662
Amndo australis................450
donax .......................444
var. versicolor............444
epigeios.....................316
glauca ......................318
karka........................454
langsdorflii ................320
phragmites ..................450
pseudophragmites ............318
roxburghii ..................454
stricta .....................322
Asperella japonica.............434
longe-aristata...............432
Asprella sibirica
var. longe-aristata........432
Aspris capillaris..............262
caryophyliea ................260
Atropis kurilensis ............148
Aulacolepis japonica...........312
treutleri var. japonica .....312
Avena barbat a ................236
callosa .....................224
capillaris ..................262
caryophyliea ................260
elatior .....................230
fatua........................232
var. glabrata .............232
var. saliva................234
hideoi.......................228
ludoviciana .................236
mollis.......................240
muralis......................136
sativa.......................234
sesquiflora .................336
В
Beckmannia baicalensis ......368
erucaeformis ..............368
syzigachne ................368
subsp. hirsutiflora .....368
subsp. syzigachne .......368
Blumenbackia halepensis......708
Bothriochloa parviflora .....710
Brachiaria villosa ..........578
Brachyelytrum erectum
var. japonicum ............92
japonicum ..................92
Brachypodium japonicum .......402
var. minor...............402
sylvaticum .................400
Briza eragrostis.............472
maxima.....................154
media......................156
minor......................156
Bromopsis inermis............392
Bromus abolinii ..............386
bifidus ....................244
brizaeformis ...............394
californicus...............398
canadensis .................378
carinatus ..................398
catharlicus ................396
ciliatus ...................378
commutatus.................388
dertonensis ...............140
glabrescens ................392
glomeratus .................206
haenkeanus.................396
hordeaceus .................390
subsp. mollis............390
inermis....................392
japonicus ..................386
mollis.....................390
subsp. hordeaceus ........390
oregonus ...................398
patulus ....................386
pauciflorus ................376
racemiferus................402
remotiflorus...............376
rigidus ....................382
rubens .....................384
secalinus ..................388
sitchensis.................398
sterilis ...................382
taiewakii ..................392
tectorum ...................380
var. glabratus...........380
unioloides.................396
virens.....................398
willdenowii ................396
yezoensis ..................378
Brylkinia caudala............226
schmidtii ..................226
«
c
Calamagrostis aculeolata ....322
adpressi-ramea .............350
Calamagrostis alpicola........338
arundinacea
var. adpressi-ramea .....350
var. brachytricha .......348
autumnalis ................324
var. microtis............324
brachytricha ..............348
canadensis ................320
deschampsioides............332
var. nana ...............332
epigeios...................316
subsp. epigeios..........316
subsp. extremiorientalis •••316
subsp. glomerala.........316
fauriei ...................334
gigas......................338
glauca ....................318
grandisela
var. longe-aristata......342
hakonensis ................330
inaequiglumis..............328
insularis .................324
kirishimensis .............324
langsdorflii ..............320
subsp. barbata...........320
laxa ......................318
longiseta .................340
var. longe-aristata......342
masamunei .................344
matsumurae.................326
nana ......................332
subsp. hayachinensis.....332
neglecla var. aculeolata ..322
subsp. inexpansa.........322
onibitoana ................346
pseudophragmites ..........318
subsp. dubia.............318
subsp. pseudophragmites ---318
purpurascens ..............336
purpurea subsp. Iangsdorffii---320
sachalinensis .............328
sesquifiora ...............336
stricta ...................322
var. aculeolata .........322
tashiroi...................346
subsp. sikokiana.........346
variiglumis ...............328
yezoensis .................338
Capillipedium parviflorum ...710
Cenchrus brownii ............646
echinatus .................646
pauciflorus ...............646
pungens....................646
771
Index of Scientific Names
Cenchrus racemosus...........532
fribuloides ................646
viridis ....................616
Ceratochloa grandiflora ......398
Chamaeraphis palmifolia......596
Chasea capillaris ............558
Chikusichloa aqualica ........84
Chloris abyssinica ..........524
alba .......................522
barbata....................526
var. formosana ...........526
caudata....................522
elegans....................522
formosana ..................526
gayana .....................524
glabrata ...................524
infiata ....................526
pubescens..................522
rufescens ..................526
virgata ....................522
Chrysopogon parviflorus ......710
Cinna latifolia..............358
pend ula...................358
suaveolens .................358
Cleistogenes hackelii........462
Clinelymus dahuricus ........420
sibiricus ..................424
yubaridakensis ............414
Coelachne japonica ...........656
monantha...................656
Coix lacrymajobi .............734
var. mayuen..............734
Crypsis virginica ...........502
Cymbopogon goeringii.........720
lorlilis var. goeringii....720
var. tortilis ............720
Cynodon dactylon ............528
var. nipponicus ..........530
maritimus..................528
Cynosurus aegyptius..........494
coracanus..................492
cristatus ..................144
echinatus .................144
indicus ....................490
retrollexus ...............468
D
Dactylis glomerata ..........206
Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum •••494
aegyptium .................494
Dactylon officinale..........528
Deschampsia atropurpurea
var. paramushirensis.....256
Deschampsia caespitosa
var. festucaefolia .......254
var. levis ...............254
var. macrothyrsa .........254
subsp. orientalis ........254
flexuosa....................252
pacifica....................256
Dianhena fauriei...............90
japonica ....................88
yabeana .....................90
Dichanlheliuin lanuginosum ••554
Digitaria adscendens..........624
chinensis ..............622,628
ciliaris ...................624
dactylon ...................528
dilatata....................592
foliosa ....................584
formosana ..................622
henryi .....................626
humifusa ...................632
ischaemum ..................632
var. intersita ...........630
var. lasiophylla .........630
marginata...................624
paspalodes .................582
radicosa ...................622
sanguinalis ................624
sasakii ....................626
timorensis..................622
violascens..................628
var. intersita ...........630
var. lasiophylla .........630
Digraphis arundinacea.........282
Dilepyrum minutiflorum .......516
Dimeria lilil'orrnis .........716
mikii ......................716
ornithopoda.................716
var. tenera ..............716
stipaeformis................716
tenera .....................716
Dinebra arabica ..............468
retroflexa..................468
Diplachne fusca ..............460
hackelii....................462
E
Eccoilopus andropogonoides •668
cotulifer ....................668
Echinochloa crus-galli ........566
var. aristata.............568
var. echinata ............568
var. formosensis..........574
var. kasaharae............574
Echinochloa crus-galli
var. pratieola ...........570
subsp. utilis ............576
fnimentacea.................576
glabrescens ................574
oryzoides ..................572
phyllopogon.................572
utilis .....................576
Ehrharla caudata .............226
Eleusine aegyptia ............494
coracana ...................492
gracilis....................490
indica......................490
var. oligostachya ........490
japonica ..................49(1
Elymus arenarius var. mollis •••430
caninus......................410
ciliaris ...................404
cylindrieus ................420
dahuricus...................420
var. villosulus ..........422
franchetii..................420
gmelinii var. tenuisetus....112
humidus ....................426
mollis......................430
var. japonicus ...........430
osensis ....................422
racemifer...................402
var. japonense............404
repens .....................128
var. aristatum............428
sibiricus ..................421
tsukushiensis ..............408
var. transiens ...........406
villosulus .................422
yesoensis ..................424
yezoensis ..................416
var. koryoensis ..........418
yubaridakensis .............414
Elytrigia repens .............428
Eragrostis amabilis ..........486
aqualica ...................484
alrovirens var. ramosa......482
a urea......................470
bulbillifera ...............482
cilianensis.................472
cumingii ...................482
curvula ....................488
ferruginea..................476
japonica ...................470
major.......................472
megastachya ................472
minor.......................474
772
Eragrostis niulticaulis ......480
multispicula................478
niwahokori .................480
orientalis .................476
pilosa......................478
var. condensata ..........480
subsp. mullicaulis .......480
poaeoides...................474
procera.....................460
tenella ................470,486
tenellula ..................470
Ihunbergii..................476
Erianthus speciosus ..........690
Eriochloa villosa ............580
var. stenantha............580
Eulalia japonica var. zebrina -••674
quadrinervis..................692
speciosa ...................690
tanakae.....................690
F
Festuca arundinacea...........124
bromoides...................140
cristata....................250
dertonensis ................140
elatior ....................122
extremiorientalis ..........120
fauriei ....................118
fusca ......................460
glomerata...................206
heterophylla................114
japonica ...................118
megalura ...................138
misera .....................400
my tiros....................136
octoflora ..................142
ovina var. alpina ..........110
var. chiisanensis.........106
var. coreana..............108
subvar. taquetii .......108
var. duriuscula...........106
var. ovina................104
var. supina ..............110
var. tateyamensis ........106
var. vulgaris
subvar. coreana ........108
subsp. laevis
var. ruprechtii.........110
subsp. ruprechtii.........110
parvigluma .................116
var. breviaristata .......116
pauciflora..................376
phleoides ..................250
Festuca pratensis ...........122
remotiflora ...............376
rubra......................112
var. hondoensis .........112
var. musashiensis .......112
var. pacilica............112
ruprechtii.................110
subulata var. japonica ....120
sylvatica .................400
takedana ..................126
Russia caryophyllea .........260
G
Glyceria acutiflora..........208
subsp. acutiflora........208
subsp. japonica .........208
alnasteretum ..............214
arundinacea................214
depauperata................210
var. inlirma ............210
ischyroneura ..............218
japonica ..................208
leplolepis.................216
leptorhiz.a................210
lithuanica.................212
natans ....................152
pumila ....................148
remota var. japonica.......214
xlokitana .................742
tonglensis.................218
ussuriensis ...............216
viridis ...................150
Gymnothrix compressa.........638
nitens.....................644
H
Hainardia cylindrica......520 . 740
Hakonechloa macra............446
Ilelictotrichon hideoi ......228
Hemarthria compressa.........732
coromandeliana ............732
japonica ..................730
laxa ......................732
sibirica...................730
Ilemibromus japonicus........208
Hierochloe alpina ...........264
f. monstruosa .........264
var. intermedia .........266
glabra ....4...............268
japonica ..................278
odorata var. pubescens.....268
pluriflora ................266
var. intermedia .........266
IIolcus alpinus .............264
halepensis...................708
lanatus ...................258
mollis.......................258
parviflorus ...............710
Homoplitis crinita.............694
Hordeum brachyanlherum ......438
jubatum......................438
marinum ...................438
murinum ...................436
pusillum ..................438
rielii ....................438
Hydropyrum latifolium ..........86
Ilystrix hackelii..............434
japonica ..................434
longe-arislaia...............432
I
Imperata australis.............650
cylindrica var. cylindrica...688
var. koenigii..............688
var. major.................688
euralioides .................686
koenigii.....................688
sacchariflora ...............686
Isachne firmula
var. nudiglumis ...........654
globosa......................650
kunlhiana var. nudiglumis •••654
myosotis var. nudiglumis.....654
nipponensis .................652
repens ......................654
Ischaemum anthephoroides.......714
var. eriostachyum .........714
aristatum var. glaucum ......712
var. momiyamae.............712
ciliare .....................724
crassipes ...................712
eriostachyum ................714
secundatum...................620
sieboldii ...................712
К
Kengia hackelii ...............462
Koeleria cristata .......248. 250
phleoides ...................250
pyramidata ..................248
L
Lagurus cylindricus .........688
Lappago racemose.............532
Lasiagrostis alpina ..........98
Leersia hispida .............724
773
Index of Scientific Names
Leersia japonica ............82
oryzoides .................78
var. japonica............80
sayanuka ..................80
Leiopoa nuda ...............126
Leptatherum japonicum ......696
royleanum ................698
Leplochloa chinensis........456
eragrostoides ............456
fusca ....................460
panicea...................458
Leptoloma capillaris........558
Leplunis cylindricus........740
repens ...................520
Lerchenfeldia flexuosa......252
Leymus mollis...............430
Limnites glomerata .........206
Lolium cylindricum .........134
durum ....................134
italicum..................128
loliaceum.................134
multiflorum ..............128
perenne...................130
rigidum...................134
subsp. leptuloides .....134
subsp. rigidum..........134
subulatum.................134
temulentum................132
var. arvense............132
Lophalherum annulatum.......440
gracile ..................440
humile ...................440
japonicum.................440
sinense ..................442
Lophochloa cristata ........250
M
Melica callosa..............224
nutans ...................220
onoei ....................222
Microstegium arisanense.....698
ciliatum..................700
japonicum.................696
var. boreale............696
mayebaranum...............698
nudum ....................698
vimineum..................704
f. willdenowianum ....702
var. polystachyum.......704
willdenowianum............702
Milium capillare............558
effusum...................102
globosum..................650
Milium halepense ............708
Miscanthus condensatus ......676
coreensis .................672
cotulifer .................668
lloridulus ................684
formosanus ................684
hackelii...................686
hidakanus..................672
intermedius................680
japonicus .................684
longiberbis var. intermedius 680
matsumurae.................678
miser......................676
ogiformis..................686
oligoslachyus .............678
var. intermedius.........680
purpurascens ..............672
sacchariflorus.............686
sieboldii .................682
sinensis...................672
f. gracillimus ........674
f. purpurascens .......672
f. variegatus..........674
f. zebrinus............674
var. condensatus.........676
var. gracillimus ........674
tinclorius.................682
var. intermedius.........680
Molinia fauriei...............90
japonica ..................448
Moliniopsis japonica.........448
nipponica..................448
Monerma cylindrica ..........740
repens ....................520
Muhlenbergia curviaristata....512
f. nipponica ..........514
var. nipponica...........514
diffusa ...................516
frondosa subsp. hakonensis •••518
hakonensis ................518
huegelii...................508
incumbens .................510
japonica ..................506
var. hakonensis .........518
var. ramosa .............510
longislolon ...............508
pendula....................358
ramosa ....................510
var. curviaristata ......512
schreberi .................516
tenuitlora
subsp. curviaristata ••512, 514
viridissima ...............508
N
Nardurus filiformis
var. chinensis ..........464
Nazia racemosa................532
Neoaulacolepis treutleri
var. japonica ...........312
Neomoiinia fauriei ...........90
0
Oplismenus compositus........546
var. compositus .........548
var. intermedius.........546
var. patens .............548
var. rariflorus .........548
var. sylvaticus..........548
hirtellus subsp. japonicus.544
subsp. microphyI lus ....544
subsp. tsushimensis......542
subsp. undulalifolius....542
japonicus .................544
microphyllus ..............544
minor......................544
patens ....................548
tsushimensis...............542
undulalifolius.............542
var. japonicus ..........544
var. microphyllus .......544
Orthoraphium coreanum
var. kengii ..............96
Oryza saliva .................76
Oryzopsis miliacea...........100
P
Panicum acroanthum .........550
adscendens ...............624
alopecuroides ............638
amplectens ...............552
arenarium.................556
bisulcatum ...............550
bobartii..................558
capillare ................558
var. occidentale .......558
chondrachne ..............600
ciliare ..................624
coccospermum .............578
comosum ..................608
compositum................546
convoluium................556
crus-galli ...............566
var. echinatum .........568
var. longiseta .........568
dactylon .................528
774
Panicum dicholomiflorum ....552
echinalum.................568
excurrens.................598
fasciculaturn ............636
geniculatum...............618
germanicum................602
glaucum .................61'1
henryi ...................626
huachucae ................554
humifusum ................632
indicum...................562
var. oryzetorum ........564
ischaemoides .............556
ischaemum ................632
italicum..................602
japonicum.................544
lanuginosum ..............554
leiogonum.................556
lepidotum.................650
mandshuricum..............658
matsumurae................600
maximum...................750
melananthum ..............550
miliaceum.................560
minutiflorum .............632
nanum ....................578
neurodes .................596
orientale ................636
oryzicola ................572
oryzoides ................572
pachystachys .............606
pallide-fuscum............616
palmi folium..............596
paucisetum ...............598
phyllopogo ...............572
plicatum .................598
pycnocomum ...............608
radicosum.................622
rcpens ...................556
retrofraclum .............552
syzigachne ...............368
tennesseense .............554
timorense.................622
tuberculiflorum ..........580
undulatifolium ...........542
verticillatum ............612
villosissimum ............554
villosum .................578
violascens................628
viride....................604
var. gigantea ..........608
Paspalum akoense............594
chepica...................582
Paspalum commersonii........594
dactylon .................528
digilaria ................582
dilatatum.................592
var. parviflorum........588
dissectum.................590
distichum.................582
var. indutum ...........752
var. vaginatum .........584
foliosum .................584
lanatum...................592
longifolium ..............594
metzii ...................594
michauxianum .............582
minus.....................586
mollipilum ...............590
notatum ..................586
orbiculare................594
ovatum....................592
var. parviflorum........588
pratense .................592
scrobiculatum.............594
var. orbiculare.........594
var. thunbergii.........590
thunbergii................590
var. minor..............594
urvillei .................588
vaginatum ................584
vaseyanum ................588
villosum .................580
Patiscoreana var. kengii ....96
Pennisetum alopecuroides ...638
f. erythrochaetum .....638
f. viridescens .......638
subsp. sordidum .......64(1
americanum................614
benthamii.................644
compressum................638
flavicomum ...............644
flexispica ...............644
latifolium................642
macrostachyum ............644
nitens....................644
orientale ................636
var. triflorum .........636
purpureum ................644
sordidum .................640
Phacelurus latifolius.......728
Phaenosperma globosa ........74
Phalaris arundinacea .......282
var. picta .............282
canariensis ..............284
hispida ..................724
Phalaris minor ..............286
oryzoides ..................78
paradoxa ..................288
Phalaroides arundinacea......282
subsp. arundinacea.......282
subsp. japonica .........282
Phleum alpinum...............374
commutatum ................374
paniculatum................372
pratense ..................370
Phragmites australis.........450
communis...................450
var. pumila .............452
japonica ..................452
karka......................454
macer .....................446
prostrata .................452
roxburghii ................454
Piptatherum miliaceum .......100
Poa acroleuca................166
var. submoniliformis.....166
amabilis ..................486
angustifolia...............184
annua......................160
var. reptans.............160
barbata....................476
bulbosa var. bulbosa.......204
var. vivipara ...........204
subsp. vivipara .........204
chinensis .................456
chosenensis ...............182
cilianensis................472
compressa .................178
crassinervis...............162
curvula....................488
desertorum ................204
diantha....................176
eminens....................200
eragrostis.................474
fauriei ...................186
ferruginea.................476
glauca ....................194
var. kitadakensis .......194
hakusanensis ..............190
hayachinensis..............198
hirta .....................660
hisauchii .................168
ibukiana ..................192
iwateana ..................182
japonica ..................470
kurilensis.................200
lithuanica.................212
littoralis ................748
775
Index of Scientific Names
Poa macrocalyx
var. fallax..............202
var. scabri flora .......202
var. tatewakiana ........202
malachantha
var. shinanoana .........196
f. vivipara............196
matsumurae.................182
megastachya ...............472
nemoraiis..................188
nipponica..................164
nuda ......................126
ochotensis.................176
palustris .................171
var. strictula ..........176
panicea....................458
pilosa.....................478
pratensis .................180
pyramidala ................248
radula ....................192
shinanoana ................196
sphondy lodes .............176
var. dianlha.............176
strictula .................176
subcaerulea................738
tatewakiana ...............202
tateyamensis ..............186
tenella ..................<186
tomentosa..................182
trivialis..................172
tuberifera.................170
versicolor subsp. ochotensis 176
viridula...................184
subsp. angustifolia......184
yezoalpina ................198
Pogonatherum crinitum .......694
Pollinia arisanensis ........698
ciliata ...................700
japonica ..................696
laxa ......................700
monantha...................700
nuda ......................698
quadrinervis...............692
speciosa ..................690
wallichiana ...............700
Polypogon demissus ..........356
fugax......................356
higegaweri ................356
miser......................356
monspeliensis .............354
Pseudophacel urus la t i f о I i us.728
Pseudopogonatherum
quadrinerve..................692
Pseudopogonat herum
speciosum....................690
Pseudoraphis depauperata ....634
paradoxa ..................634
squarrosa var. depauperata •634
ukishiba ........*•........634
Ptilagrostis alpina ..........98
mongholica .................98
Puccinellia adpressa.........146
kurilen.sis................148
nipponica..................116
pumila ....................148
R
Roegneria racemifera ........402
Roslraria cristata ..........250
Rottboellia anthephoroides....714
compressa .................732
var. japonica ...........730
cylindrica.................740
foliata ...................728
glabra ....................732
japonica ..................730
latifolia..................728
repens ....................520
sibirica ..................730
stolonifera ...............620
s
Saccharum arenicola..........670
floridulum.................684
japonicum..................672
koenigii...................688
praegrande ................684
spontaneum var. arenicola •••670
var. spontaneum............670
tinctorium ................682
Sacciolepis indica ..........562
var. oryzetorum .........564
Schizachne callosa...........224
fauriei ...................224
purpurascens subsp. callosa---224
Schizachyrium brevifolium.....722
paradoxum .................722
Secale cereale...............744
Senisetum hideoi ............296
Sericula japonica ...........454
Setaria autumnalis ..........610
chondrachne ...............600
compressa .................638
xdecipiens ................612
excurrens..................598
faberi.....................610
Setaria geniculata...........618
germanica .................602
gigantea ..................608
glauca ....................614
var. pallide-fusca ......616
gracilis...................618
italica ...................602
macrocarpa.................610
malsumurae.................600
pallide-fusca .............616
pa hni folia...............596
plicata ...................598
x pycnocoma ...............608
verticillata ..............612
viridis ...................604
var. pachystachys .......606
subsp. minor.............604
Sorghum halepense ...........70»
f. muticum..............708
nitidum var. dichroanthum •••706
var. majus...............706
parviflorum ...............710
Spinifex littoreus ..........648
squarrosus ................648
Spodiopogon cotulifer .......668
depauperatus ..............666
sibiricus .................664
var. lomentosus .........664
Sporobolus elongatus ........198
var. purpureo-suffusus .5011
ferlilis ..................498
var. ferlilis ...........498
var. purpureo-suffusus ..500
hancei ....................504
indicus ...................498
subsp. pallidior ........500
subsp. purpureo-suffusus •••
498, 500
japonicus .................496
littoralis ................502
virginicus.................502
Stenotaphrum sarmentosum •••620
secundatum................62(1
Stipa alpina .................98
coreana var. kengii.........96
extremiorientalis...........94
grandifolia.................96
japonica ...................96
littorea ..................648
pekinensis .................94
sibirica var. effusa .......94
var. japonica ..........94.96
spinifex...................648
776
'y'ft&'j I
Synlherisma henryi .........626
ischaemum ................632
sanguinalis var. ciiiaris.624
T
Themeda japonica............726
triandra var. japonica ...726
Torreyochloa natans.........152
viridis .................15(1
Tragus muricatus ...........532
racemosus ................532
T richodium caninuni........294
laxiflorum................302
scabrum ..................302
Tripogon chinensis .........464
var. coreensis .........464
japonicus ................466
longearislatus var. japonicus 166
Tiisetuin agroslidcum ......242
alascanuni ...............238
bifidum ..................244
flavescens................244
var. sibiricum .........246
var. variegatum ........242
homochlamys ..............246
Triselum kiladakense .......240
koidzumianum .............242
molle.....................240
sesquiflorum..............336
sibiricum ................246
subsp. umbratile........246
spicalum .................238
var. kiladakense........240
subsp. alascanum .......238
subsp. molle.........238,240
subsp. spicatum ........238
Triticum caninuni...........410
ciliare f. pilosum........104
cylindricum...............746
repens ...................428
Typhoidcs arundinacea ......282
u
Uralepis lusca..............460
V
Vahlodea atropurpurea
subsp. paramushirensis...256
paramushirensis............256
Vilfa scabra.................302
Vulpia bromoides ...........140
dertonensis ..............140
megalura .................138
myuros....................136
var. hirsula ...........138
var. megalura ..........138
octollora ................142
z
Zerna inermis ...............392
rubens ....................384
tectorum ..................380
yezoensis .................378
Zizania latifolia ...........86
Zoysia japonica .............534
korcana...................534
macrostachya..............540
malrella ..................534
var. japonica ..........534
var. tenuifolia.........536
pungens var. japonica .....534
var. tenuifolia ........536
sinica var. nipponica.....538
var. sinica.............538
tenuifolia................536
777