Г. М. УАЙЗЕР, А. Д. КЛИМЕНТЕНКО
УЧЕБНИК
АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
ДЛЯ VII КЛАССА
СРЕДНЕЙ ШКОЛЫ
ИЗДАНИЕ 11-е
Утвержден
Министерством просвещения
РСФСР
МОСКВА «ПРОСВЕЩЕНИЕ» 1979
Гарри Михайлович Уайзер
Анна Давыдовна Климентенко
УЧЕБНИК АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
для 7 класса
Подписано к печати 28/1V 1978. Тираж 550 тыс. экз.
Тип. г. Электросталь. Цена 20 коп.
Lesson 1
THE FIRST HOUR
1.	The class speak about their summer holidays.
1.	Say where you went, when you went there, and who you
went with.
2.	Speak about the place where you were. (Use there was,
there were.)
3.	Tell the class when you got up, what you did in the morn-
ing, in the afternoon and in the evening. Then say when
you went to bed.
4.	Tell the class what you sometimes couldn’t do.
5.	Say how long you were there, and when you came back home.
2.	One of the pupils speaks about his (her) summer holidays.
The other pupils ask him (her) questions for more information.
3.	Two pupils meet on the first day at school. Each pupil wants
to know how the other spent his (her) summer holidays. Make
up a dialogue.
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Homework
1	.* Переведите на английский язык (письменно):
Летом я собирался поехать к моему дяде. Он колхозник
и живет недалеко от нашего города. Я всегда езжу к нему
автобусом. Он тоже хотел, чтобы я приехал. Но в прошлую
среду мы получили от него письмо. Он писал: «Мне очень
жаль, но я должен уехать в другой колхоз». Поэтому
мне пришлось поехать в пионерский лагерь.
2	.* Допишите предложения:
1.	In the Soviet Union autumn is the best season of the
year, because ...
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2.	I like to live at camp, because ...
3.	We worked in the field all day and were so tired that ...
4.	Our holidays are over, so ...
3	.* Из каждой группы слов выпишитё те, которые содержат
указанные звуки:
[J] sure, sun, shone, soon
[V] chair, school, children, much, stood
[g] sang, thing, young, skating-rink, send, angry
THE SECOND HOUR
1.	Listen to the story.
Now tell the story.
Use the pictures as a plan.
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2.	Read this story about a clever dog.
A STORY ABOUT A CLEVER DOG
Mr. Dick often talked to his friend, Mr. Bell, about his
dog, Jack.
“Jack understands me very well,” Mr. Dick said. “In the
park one day a little girl fell into the river. She couldn’t
swim, and I said to Jack, ‘What can we do?’ Jack looked
at me, and his eyes said, ‘Don’t be afraid, I’ll help her!’ And
he jumped into the water and saved the girl. Jack has a
medal for that.”
Mr. Bell only smiled when he heard the story. He didn’t
like dogs.
“Don’t smile!” Mr. Dick said. “You don’t understand dogs.
When I want to sleep in the morning, Jack never makes
a noise. He is always ready to help me.”
Every afternoon Mr. Dick walked in the park with Jack.
But one afternoon they couldn’t go to the park, because
Mr. Bell came to Mr. Dick’s house.
The two friends sat down and began to talk. Jack ran
into the room and sat down in front of Mr. Dick. His eyes
said, “Let’s go to the park!”
Mr. Dick looked at Jack, then at his guest and then at
Jack again. His face said, “But he is my guest, Jack!” Jack
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ran out of the room. Then he came back and this time sat
down in front of Mr. Bell. The two friends began to laugh.
Jack had a black hat1 in his mouth. It was Mr. Bell’s hat.
3.	Find facts in the text or say what you know to prove the
following statements:
1.	Dogs are brave.
2.	Dogs like their master.2
3.	Dogs understand well what people say to them.
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Homework
1	.* Составьте и напишите предложения:
1)	always, to school, our teacher, early, wants us to come
2)	tell you to bring, your mother, did, to school, your
skates
3)	he went, to put on, back home, his pioneer tie
4)	in front of the house, the address, to look at, we
stopped
2	.* Сгруппируйте слова no темам: 1) школа; 2) отдых,
blackboard, holiday, camp, classroom, dance, football,
notebook, excursion, field, train, to be on duty, cinema,
song, walk, homework, performance, film, teacher, sing,
rest, write, fire, pupil, grass, learn, harvest, hockey,
school, read, game, lesson, desk, tent, chess, form, theatre.
3	.* Из каждой группы слов выпишите те, которые содержат
указанные звуки:
(6] three, there, threw, with, thought, throw
[3] their, thank, that, clothes, those, these
[dg] jump, June, yard, zoo, yellow, July
1 hat—шляпа
2 master—хозяин
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THE THIRD HOUR
1.	Read this story.
FATHER’S BIRTHDAY
The first of September is a very important1 day in our
family. The day is important to me, because I go back to
school again. But it is important to my family, because it is
my father’s birthday.
Father has many friends at his factory and in the city.
I think that all of them like Father very much, because they
remember his birthday. Some of them come to our house early
in the rooming to say Hello\ and Happy Birthdayl to him.
And he gets letters and telegrams from other friends.
Every year Mother wants to give a party for Father. But
he always says, “I don’t know why you like these big parties.
You must work two or three days, the house is full of people,
and there is much noise.”
Mother laughs. “You always say you don’t want a party,
but after the party you thank me.”
Mother gave me some money, and I bought a new tie for
Father; it didn’t cost much, but it looked very nice.
And so, this year, we had a party. When I came home
after school, Grandmother sent me to buy apples and bread.
I brought everything home and then helped Grandmother to
clean the room. Mother made a big birthday cake for Father.
There were many guests, and all of them had a nice time.
I think that Father had the best time. He took pictures of
our family and the guests. But next year I am sure that he
will say again to Mother, “I don’t know why you like these
big parties!”
2.	Find the correct sentence in each group:
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1.	The first of September is important only to young people.
2.	The first of September is important to Nick’s mother,
because it is the beginning of the school year.
1 important—знаменательный
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3.	Guests come to Nick’s house on the first of September, but
not because it is Nick’s first day at school.
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1.	Father wants a party, but Mother doesn’t.
2.	Mother wants to have a party, but Father doesn’t.
3.	Mother wants to have a party for Nick, because it is Nick’s
first day at school.
Ill
1.	There were not many guests at Father’s birthday party
this year.
2.	I’m sure that Father will say to Mother next year, “Let’s
have a big party!”
3.	Father liked the party very much.
3.	The pupils speak about their birthday.
1.	Say when your birthday is.
2.	Say whether you always have a birthday party, and whether
you had a birthday party this year.
3.	If you had a birthday party, say who bought all the things
for the party, and how many guests came to the party.
4.	Speak about what you did at the party, and say when your
guests went home.
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Homework
1	.* Перепишите предложения, поставив глаголы в соответ-
ствующем времени:
Yesterday (to be) Saturday. When Mother (to go) to work,
she (to say), “1 (to work + not) late today. Meet me near
the park at a quarter past two. It (to be-f-not) hot today,
so we (can) sit on a bench in the bright sun, and you and
Kate (can) play basket-ball or volley-ball. Then we (can)
have dinner there, and we (to come) home in the evening.”
When Father (to come) into the room, my sister and
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I (to tell) him everything. “Not a bad idea," he (to say).
“I (to go) with you.” So all of us (to go) to meet Mother
together.
2	.* Из каждой группы слов выпишите те, которые содержат
указанные звуки:
[i]	give, minute, idea, film, begin
[i:] meeting, building, sleep, green, eat, easy
[л] butter, put, sun, son, run, under
THE FOURTH HOUR
1.	The pupils make plans for excursions.
a)	Pupils tell the class where they will go on excursions this
year. They say when they will go.
b)	They say where the class is going to meet, and how they
will go.
2.	The teacher tells the class about an excursion last year. The
pupils ask questions for more information.
3.	Read the text. Say that you like one of the children's ideas
for an excursion and why.
PLANS FOR EXCURSIONS
Two weeks ago some of the boys and girls came to Ann’s
house on Wednesday evening. They had to talk about their
plans for excursions. The class wanted to go on an excursion
at the end of every month: one excursion in September, another
in October, a third in November, and so on.
“We want to have a nice time on the excursions,” Nick said.
“Yes,” Mike said. “But we want to learn something, too.”
“What do you think we can learn on an excursion?” Kate
asked.
“I am sure we can learn many things,” Mike answered.
“When we go to the forest or to the country, we learn the
names of trees, flowers, birds and animals."
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“That’s right!” Victor said. “And if we go to a factory, the
workers show us the machines. It’s very interes ing to see big
machines and how people work at them.”
“And if we go to Yasnaya Polyana, we can see where Tolstoy
and his family lived long ago,” Olga said.
“Yes, but I don’t think we’ll learn to write Tolstoy’s books,”
Ann said, and all of them began to laugh.
“Stop laughing!” Olga said. “Who goes to Tolstoy’s house,
because he wants to learn to write books? We go there, be-
cause we want to learn how he lived and worked, because
then we’ll understand his books better. Is that funny?”
“Don’t be angry, please, dear Olga,” Ann said. “You mustn’t
think that I wanted to laugh at you.”
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Homework
1	.* Допишите предложения:
1.	The collective farmers had a good harvest, because ...
2.	The camp was very far, and it began to rain, so ...
3.	Mike drew a circle and then ears at the sides, and
then ...
4.	It was cold and dark and there was no moon, but ...
5.	I lost my money, so ...
6.	Nick couldn’t go to the circus with us, because ...
2	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя предлоги:
Our grandfather and grandmother live ... the north. We
often go to see them ... winter, and we take our skis
... us. When it is cold and there is much snow, we ski
... the forest. ... summer, when it is warm and there
are no clouds ... the sky and no wind, we go ... the
lake. Grandmother has a small garden full ... flowers.
There are blue, white, red and yellow flowers ... it. My
brother and I take care ... the garden too, and it always
looks clean and beautiful.
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3	.* Из каждой группы слов выпишите те, которые содержат
указанные звуки:
[е] tent, fell, dear, best, guest, clean, sell
[ae] sat, bad, flag, small, saw, cat, absent, language
fa:] part, uncle, ask, glass, grass, dark
THE FIFTH HOUR
1.	The pupils speak about their family and where they live.
1.	Tell the class how many there are in your family, and
something about them (their names, how old they are,
what they are).
2.	Tell the class where they live. If you have aunts and
uncles, say where they live.
3.	Say when you last saw your family all together.
2.	The teacher speaks about this picture of a family. The pupils
ask questions for more information.
3.	Speak about your family.
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I Q
Homework
1.* Перепишите предложения. Добавьте к ним такие, кото-
рые были бы с ними логически связаны.
1.	Winter will soon be here. 2. His aunt knows Russian
and English very well. 3. Class 7 В was on duty last week.
4.	Pete came to the meeting later than the other boys.
5. The homework for tomorrow isn’t easy. 6. The box was
very big, but Nick’s uncle was strong. 7. Close the win-
dow, please. 8. We needed some pictures for our second
wall newspaper.
2	.* Напишите, сколько уроков у вас бывает каждый день,
например:
We have five lessons on Monday.
3	.* Из каждой группы слов выпишите те, которые содержат
указанные звуки:
[о] quarter, minute, remember, dinner, clever
[э:] work, early, easy, circus, thirteen, word
[j] year, newspaper, blue, beautiful, knew, young
THE SIXTH HOUR
1.	Look at the pictures. Speak about how some of the boys and
girls went to camp last summer and how they lived there.
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13
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2.	Listen to the teachefs story. Tell the story with the help of
the following key-words:
to swim well (better)
let’s see
the other side
began to shout
Jack thought
to save
his mouth
to swim back
3.	Make up dialogues on the following situations:
1.	After the meeting about the wall newspaper, Pete goes to
Victor’s house. He wants to talk to him, but Victor isn’t
at home. His sister Mary opens the door. Pete and Mary
talk.
2.	Olga wants to go to Kate’s house, but she doesn’t know
Kate’s address and how to go there. She remembers that
Ann is Kate’s best friend, so she decides to go to Ann’s
house. The girls talk. (You may need the word a flat.)
3.	Yesterday was Victor’s birthday. Mike was at the party,
but Nick wasn’t. The two boys meet and talk.
Homework
1	.* Переведите на английский язык (письменно):
Моя бабушка — старая женщина. Ей больше 60 лет, поэ-
тому она не может носить большие полные сумки. Но она
готовит для нас всех завтрак, обед и ужин. Она часто
просит меня помочь ей. Она дает мне деньги и посылает
меня в маленький магазин купить хлеб, масло, чай, а иногда
и фрукты. Магазин находится позади большого нового зда-
ния, недалеко от нашего дома. Я быстро приношу всё
домой.
2	.* Из каждой группы слов выпишите те, которые содержат
указанные звуки:
[ю] engineer, near, easy, ear, hear, here
[eal chair, afraid, care, hair
[ua] sure, lose, poor, moon
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Lesson 2
1.	Learn, the dialogue:
— Where are you, Nick?
— I am here, in my room.
— Is Mike with you?
— No, he isn’t. He is with Pete and Ann.
<— And where are they?
— They are in the yard.
2.	Прочитайте следующие пары предложений. Скажите, в каких
из них говорится о действии, которое происходит обычно,
постоянно; в каких говорится о действии, которое происходит
в момент речи.
Миша бегает очень быстро.
Посмотрите, как быстро бежит Миша!
После обеда Нина всегда играет с подругами в саду.
С кем это играет Нина?
Отец всегда отдыхает после работы.
Не шуми, Коля! Папа отдыхает.
Ольга рисует лучше всех в нашем классе.
Что ты рисуешь, Оля?
На уроках домоводства мы учимся шить.
Что ты делаешь, Вера? Я учусь шить блузку.
Действие, происходящее в момент речи,
передается в английском языке временем,
которое называется настоящим про-
долженным временем.
8. Read the words:
thing
morning
evening
sing
crying
eating
shining
selling
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4.	Прочитайте предложения и скажите, как образуется настоя-
щее продолженное время.
Pete is watching TV.
Mike is showing his new skates
to his friends.
The boys
are playing
hockey
on the
skating-rink.
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Настоящее продолженное время образуется при по-
мощи вспомогательного глагола to be (am, is, аге)
и смыслового глагола с окончанием -ing, например:
I am doing ту homework now.
She is cleaning her room now.
They are planting apple-trees.
5.	Make sentences:
I
My friend
Mother
We
The boys and girls
am
is
are
drawing.
reading,
laughing.
eating,
working.
6.	Say what your teacher and your classmates are doing.
7.	Say where the members of your family are now, and what you
think they are doing.
Example: My grandmother is at home now. 1 think she
is giving dinner to my little brother.
8.	Say what you can't do now, and why.
Example: I can’t speak to you now, I am reading.
9.	Прочитайте предложения. Скажите, как образуется вопро-
сительная форма настоящего продолженного времени.
1.	Are you all thinking about the teacher’s story?
— Yes, we are, and Jane is drawing pictures for it.
2.	Is Uncle Peter sleeping? — No, he isn’t.
3.	Is poor Nina crying again?
—No, she isn’t. She is laughing.
4.	Is Mike eating those cakes again?
—No, Mother, he is eating bread and butter.
5.	Are you closing the window?
— Yes, I think it is going to rain.
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10.	Look at the pictures and answer the questions:
1.	Are the girls swimming in the river?
2.	Are the girls playing ball?
3.	Are the boys swimming in the river?
4.	Are the boys playing ball?
5.	Is the dog running in the forest?
6.	Is the dog sleeping under a green tree?
7.	Is the dog sitting under the tree?
8.	Is it raining in the forest?
9.	Are you looking at a picture of a school?
What are the workers doing?
What is
the little
doing?
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What аге
О
€
о
buying?
-о
Where are the school-
children going?
What is the teacher doing?
Where are the pupils sitting?
Why is the girl standing at the blackboard?
Who is planting flowers? Who is carrying water?
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При образовании вопросительной формы настоящего
продолженного времени вспомогательный глагол
to be (am, is, are) ставится перед подлежащим,
например:
Are the girls playing table tennis?
Where is he going?
Если глагол оканчивается на букву е, то перед окон-
чанием -ing е не пишется, например:
to write—writing
to have —having
to skate—skating
Запомните правописание следующих слов:
running, swimming, beginning, putting, sitting
11.	Ask questions about the picture. Let your classmates answer
them.
Example: Is it raining? — No, it isn’t.
Where are the pioneers going?
They are going to the Pioneer House.
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12.	Learn the dialogues:
— Stop making a noise, Tom! Grandfather is resting.
— I am not making a noise, Father.
— But you are talking!
— No, I am not.
— What are you doing then?
— I am learning the new words of my lesson.
— Is that you, Victor?
— Yes. Hello, Alec!
— What are you doing?
— I’m learning a new poem. What are you doing?
— I’m watching TV. They are showing a very
interesting film.
— Then I’ll watch TV too.
13.	Read this story and then tell it to the class:
One morning Jim decided not to go to school. So he spoke
to his teacher on the telephone.
“Good morning!” he said. “I want to tell you that Jim
can’t come to school today.”
“I am sorry to hear that,” the teacher said. “Who is speaking?”
“This is my father speaking,” Jim said.
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Homework
1	.* Проспрягайте предложение (письменно):
I am writing to my pen-friend in the south.
2	.* Напишите 3 предложения в настоящем продолженном
времени. Пусть каждое начинается словами It is... now...,
например:
It is eight o’clock now, and Victor is having his break-
fast.
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3	.* Из каждой группы слов выпишите те, которые содержат
указанные звуки:
fai] shine, wind, behind, decide, eye, buy, either
[ei] may, afraid, save, have, face, demonstration
4	.* Выучите правило орфографии и правописание слов на
стр. 21. Напишите следующие глаголы с окончанием -ing:
1)	to take, to make, to dance, to smile, to lose, to decide,
to save, to give, to come, to shine, to write, to close
2)	to sit, to put, to begin, to run, to swim, to get
5	.* Допишите предложения, например:
The night is dark ...
The night is dark, the moon isn’t shining now.
1.	I can’t help your son now ...
2.	Don’t ask me questions now ...
3.	You can’t lose your way now . •.
6	.* Из каждой группы слов выпишите те, которые содержат
указанные звуки:
[ou] ago, over, some, nose, old, throw, country, slowly
[au] how, mouth, shout, young, snow
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Lesson 3
1.	Tell your classmates about your last excursion. Say:
1)	where you went and how you went there
2)	who you went with
3)	what you saw there
4)	whether you liked the excursion
5)	when you came home
2.	Tell the class who in your family are members of the
Communist Party or the Comsomol.
3.	One of your classmates is looking for something (in his bag,
in (under) his desk or some other place). Ask him what he is
looking for. Let him answer your question, and explain why.
Example:
— What are you looking for, Mary?
— I’m looking for my green ball. I am afraid I lost it in the
bus on my way to school this morning.
— Are you looking for a picture, Volodya?
— No, I’m not. I found an interesting story in this magazine,
and Mike wants me to show it to him.
4.	Tell the class what newspapers and magazines you and your
parents like to read, and how often you get them.
5.	Put the parts of the sentences together:
The teacher explained how to go
My parents came home early
We saw many of the club members
We decided to take our guests
We were tired and hungry
He showed us a magazine with a
picture
She told me to look for her parents
at the exhibition
of new cars.
to the exhibition.
from the exhibition.
of the exhibition.
after the exhibition.
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6.	Read the words:
[Jn] revolution, demonstration, question, exhibition
[ei] cake, again, rain, explain
[еэ] chair, hair, care, parents
[э] brother, teacher, worker, member
7.	Read and translate:
an exhibition l,eksi'bijan]: Last Saturday’s flower exhibition
was very interesting to all of us. There is going to be an
exhibition of new machines next month. The exhibition
of glass will open on the 12th and it will close on the 25th.
a member ['membaj; a club [к!лЬ]: Many club members want-
ed to speak at the meeting. Half the members of our pen-
friends’ club are planning to go to the South this summer.
Stop making a noise, the club is having a meeting.
a magazine [,msega'zi:n]; parents ['pearants]: His bag is al-
ways full of books and magazines. She showed us a page
from an English magazine. My parents sometimes buy The
Cinema magazine. She is living with her aunt and uncle,
because her parents went to see her grandmother and her
grandfather. There was a meeting of parents and teachers
at the end of the school year.
to explain [iks'plem]: I don’t know the address, but I can
explain how to go there. That isn’t easy to explain. Why
didn’t you explain how to go to the exhibition? We asked
him to explain why he never wrote letters home from camp.
to look for ['luk 'fo:J: Ann lost her way in the forest, and all
of us went to look for her. Let’s look for the North Star
in the sky. We are looking for something nice for mother’s
birthday.
8.	Listen to the teacher’s story. Ask questions for more informa-
tion.
9.	Многие существительные образуются от глаголов при помощи
суффикса -ег. Догадайтесь о значении следующих существи-
тельных:
a dancer, a singer, a builder, a skater, a skier, a speaker,
a jumper, a writer, a reader, a runner, a swimmer
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10.	Read and translate.
1.	The club is making plans for the October holidays at school.
2.	When I read the story, an idea came to me for our English-
language club.
3.	The name of the exhibition will be Soviet Dancers and
Singers in English-language Newspapers and Magazines.
4.	I am sure that the exhibition will be interesting not only
to us, but to our parents too.
5.	I’m asking these questions, because the club members will
want to know all these things.
6.	Let’s do this.
11.	Read the text. Say what Mike’s idea was.
THE EXHIBITION
Part One
Victor and Mike are members of the English-language club.
The club is making plans for the October holidays at school.
Last Thursday Mike came to Victor’s house and showed
him a letter from an English pen-friend. There was a page
from an English newspaper in the letter, and Mike said, “I got
a letter from our pen-friends yesterday. They sent us this
story. Read it, Victor! It is about Soviet dancers in London.
When I read the story, an idea came to me for our English-
language club.”
Victor read the story and said, “I think the story is inter-
esting. What’s your idea, Mike?”
“I’m thinking about an exhibition for the October holi-
days,” Mike said. “The name of the exhibition will be Soviet
Dancers and Singers in English-language Newspapers and
Magazines. I am sure that the exhibition will be interesting
not only to us, but to our parents too. You know, they will
be our guests at our October holiday party.”
“I’m not sure,” Victor said, “that I understand this exhibi-
tion. Do Soviet singers and dancers write for English newspa-
pers?”
“No, that’s not the idea,” Mike smiled. “We’ll try to show
what English-language newspapers and magazines write about
our singers and dancers.”
26
“I understand,” Victor said. “But now tell me, what will
we need for the exhibition? Who will look for the pictures?
Where can we get all these newspapers and magazines in
English? How much money will they cost? Don’t think that
I am asking these questions, because I don’t like your idea.
I am asking, because the other club members will want to
know all these things. And remember, everything must be
ready quickly. We haven’t much time.”
“I’m sure I can explain everything,” Mike said. “Let’s do
this. At the meeting of the English-language club tomorrow,
1’11 speak about the exhibition. Then, if the idea is good, we
can talk about the plan of work for every member of the club.”
“That’s a good idea!” Victor said. “We’ll decide every-
thing at the meeting tomorrow.”
12.	Answer the questions:
1.	What was Mike’s idea for the exhibition?
2.	What made Mike think of an exhibition of Soviet dancers
and singers?
3.	What couldn’t Victor understand in Mike’s idea?
4.	What did Mike and Victor decide to do?
5.	Do you like Mike’s idea for the exhibition? Explain your
answer.
6.	Have you plans for exhibitions in your school? What are
they?
13.	What can you say if you hear one of these sentences?
1.	I am looking for some of the members of our club.
2.	I bought a new magazine for boys and girls.
3.	Let’s go to an exhibition in spring.
14.	Translate into English:
1)	10000 инженеров, 1338 школьников, 2656 врачей, 1600
лет назад;
2)	тысячи рабочих и колхозников; сотни счастливых детей;
тысячи зданий; тысячи звезд на небе. В зоопарке сотни
птиц и животных.
27
15.	Say when you last took a book from the library and when you
brought it back.
16.	Say what sport your friend went in for two or three years ago,
and what sport he goes in for now.
17.	Tell the class the name of a man or a woman that everybody
in the world knows. Example:
Everybody in the world knows the name of Yuri Gagarin.
18.	Read the words:
[au] brown, cloud, found, shout, thousand
[э:] bird, circus, first, heard, word, world
[ai] behind, bright, night, shine, library
[ei] afraid, save, place, brave, translate
[o:J door, fall, saw, brought, sports
19.	Read and translate:
the world fwa:ld]: We live in the best country in the world.
People in every country of the world know Soviet writers.
Botvinnik was the world chess champion.
a thousand ['Oauzond]: This city is more than a thousand
years old. There are more than three thousand workers in
the factory. Hundreds of thousands of people live in our
new cities. She has a thousand things to do every day.
everybody ['evnbodi]; a library ['laibran]: Did you get those
magazines from our school library? Everybody must bring
the books back to the library very soon. Everybody is look-
ing for some books in the library. Do you want me to go
to the library to get you something to read? Are you sure
that everybody knows where we are going to meet tomorrow?
of course [av'ko:s]; to translate [traens'leit]: Of course it is
easier to translate from English into Russian than from
Russian into English. I had to translate everything for
them, of course. Did the teacher tell everybody to trans-
late the story? My uncle gave me this letter to translate
into Russian.
28
to go in for ...; sports [spo.ts]: How many pupils in your
class go in for sports? Of course we want everybody in our
class to go in for skating or some other winter sport.
Yury Gagarin and German Titov went in for sports when
they were schoolboys.
20.	Listen to the story. Tell the story with the help of the follow-
ing key-words:
an exhibition of English books; the city library; thousands;
from all over the world; magazines about sports; I go in for
sports; 1 translated the names; where I learned; I explained;
1 was sorry; the next day
21.	Read and translate:
1.	Why can’t we go to our library and find stories about
Soviet singers and dancers?
2.	We can take the pictures and the stories and make an
exhibition out of them.
3.	Some of our parents know English, but others don’t.
4.	Everybody thought a minute or two.
22.	Read the text. Answer the questions.
1.	Where did Mike want to get the pictures for the exhibition?
2.	Who did the members of the club decide to ask to come to
their exhibition?
3.	What did the club decide to take for their first exhibition?
THE EXHIBITION
Part Two
When the members of the club came to the meeting the
next day, Mike was there. He had the page from the English
newspaper with him, and when he stood up to speak, he had
the page in his hand.
“In every country of the world,” he began, “thousands of
people know our Soviet dancers and singers. Look at this picture
of Ulanova in a London newspaper! Read what they write about
her performance in one of the best English theatres! The news-
paper is full of stories about her and about other Soviet dancers.
29
Now, all of us want our guests to have a nice time at our
October holiday party. We always give performances, and I
don’t want to do the same thing again. Why can’t we go to
our library and other libraries and look for pictures and sto-
ries in English magazines and newspapers about performances
of Soviet dancers and singers? We can take the pictures and
the stories and make an exhibition out of them. If the story
is very long, we’ll take part of it.
Every member of the club will be on duty at the exhibi-
tion. Some of our parents know English, but others don’t.
One of us can explain the picture and translate if they can’t
read the story. Now, what do you think of the idea? Do you
like it?”
Everybody thought a minute or two, and then one of the
girls said slowly, “We must think about it, of course, but I
am sure that the idea is not bad. May I ask you a question,
Mike? Are you going to have only dancers? Why not take
Soviet sports too? Some of our pupils like sports best of all.”
“Yes, why not take Soviet sports in English-language news-
papers?” Nick Petrov asked. “Everybody goes in for sports, and
the exhibition will be interesting to them. We can find hund-
reds of stories and pictures of our
football-players and runners at the
Olympic games.”
“We can take sports, of course,”
Mike answered. “But we can’t
put everything into one exhibi-
tion. Let’s take dancers this time.
We can have another exhibition
of sports later.”
The club decided to take So-
viet dancers for their first exhibi-
tion.
Londoners Applaud Soviet Dancer
Thousands of Londoners stood up and
applauded at the end of Ulanova’s perfor-
mance at the Opera Theatre yesterday.
30
23. Look at the pictures and tell the story.
31
24.	Speak about your English club or your English circle at school.
1.	Say how many members there are in the club (circle) and
how often they meet.
2.	Tell the class what you do in your club (circle).
3.	Say something about what your club (circle) did, and when.
4.	Speak about your club’s plans for autumn or winter.
| Q
Homework
1	.* Допишите предложения:
1.	I can’t go to the exhibition with you, because ...
2.	I can’t	give you the magazine now,	because	...
3.	I must	look for the pencil, because	...
4.	He had	to explain the lesson to me,	because	...
5.	He is a	member of our English club, so ...
6.	The last two pages aren’t in the book, so ...
7.	Mike didn’t explain how to find his house in the
country, so ...
8.	Not all the members of the club could come
on Tuesday, so ...
2	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя подходящие по смыс-
лу глаголы из данного списка в соответствующем времени:
to look (for), to help, to sit, to explain,
to look (at), to draw
The members of the English club ... in the Pioneer Room
now. They ... at some English magazines and newspapers.
Kate ... some of the stories to Ann. Pete ... for good
pictures. Mike ... some of the pictures from the maga-
zines. Some of the parents of the club members ... them.
3	.* Прочитайте текст The Exhibition (Part One). Выпи-
шите no одному предложению co словами:
an exhibition, a member, a club, a magazine,
parents, to explain, to look for
32
4	.* Выполните письменно классное упражнение 14 (тысяча—
a thousand).
5	.* Письменно ответьте на вопросы (употребите слова:
to explain, to translate, a library, to go in for sports,
everybody, the world):
1.	Who is learning English in your class?
2.	What does your teacher do when you don’t understand?
3.	Where can you get interesting books?
4.	What do strong young people like to do?
5.	What does a translator do?
6.	What did Magellan go round?
6	.* Прочитайте текст The Exhibition (Part Two). Перепи-
шите предложения, изменив их так, чтобы они соответ-
ствовали содержанию текста:
1.	Victor and Mike met in front of a small shop on Fri-
day evening.
2.	Mike had a little yellow box in his hand.
3.	Mike wanted the club to have a new performance at
school.
4.	Victor thought that Mike’s idea was funny, and he
laughed at it.
5.	The boys decided to meet the next week and go to a
museum together.
6.	At the meeting Mike explained that the parents had to
take care of the exhibition.
7.	Everybody was angry with Mike, because he wanted to
take Soviet sports for their first exhibition.
7	.* Переведите на английский язык (письменно):
Однажды я посетил выставку русских картин. Там были
картины старых времен и наши советские картины. Я по-
шел туда вместе со своим другом, который живет неда-
леко от меня. Выставка рядом с моим домом, поэтому мы
пошли пешком. Мы встали рано и пошли туда после
завтрака. Там был молодой человек, он всё нам объяснял.
Он очень хорошо знал картины. Все его благодарили.
33
Выставка была очень интересной и понравилась мне.
Я пришел домой в половине пятого и опоздал к обеду.
Но я не хотел есть, потому что я устал. Я съел хлеб
с маслом, яблоко и решил отдохнуть.
an exhibition
a thousand
a member
a magazine
parents
a club
the world
a library
sports
to explain
to look for
to go in (for)
to translate
everybody
of course
Comsomol
the Communist Party
34
Lesson 4
1.	Speak about important days in your family and explain why
they are important to you.
2.	Name an important day that people celebrate everywhere in our
country.
Example: People everywhere in our country celebrate the
twenty-third of February.
3.	Speak about a tradition in your school (or at home), and what
you do to remember it.
Example: It is a tradition in our school to have a party
on the thirtieth of April. We have the party
to celebrate May Day.
4.	Give the names of heroes who fought for the Revolution.
Example: Yakov Sverdlov is one of the heroes who fought
for the Revolution in our country.
5.	Tell the class the name of a book you read not long ago. Say
something about the hero of the story.
6.	Tell the class about something that happened. Let your class-
mates ask you when or where it happened. Answer them. Example:
— The big tree in the park fell down.
— When did it happen?
— It happened yesterday morning.
7.	Read the words:
[s]	circle, circus, cinema, celebrate
[Jn] revolution, demonstration, exhibition, tradition
[ai] right, behind, white, eye, bright, fight
[э:] walk, autumn, bought, thought, fought
[ae] stand, swam, cat, tram, happy, happen
35
8.	Read and translate:
a tradition [tra'dijan]; already [o:l'redi]: Some old traditions
are very interesting It is already a tradition in our school
to have a big party at the end of the school year. Birth-
day parties for Father and Mother are already a tradition
in our family. We already know about many traditions in
this country and in other countries. Is it time to go back
already?
a hero ['hiorouj; that: Everybody says that the pupil who
carried the little girl out	of the	fire	was a	hero. The
book that I got in the	library	is	about	the young
heroes of Krasnodon. He is the man	that	played	the hero in
the film that we saw last	week.	The	magazine that I
am looking for has stories about Soviet heroes in it.
everywhere ['evnweaj: Thousands of strong young people every-
where go in for sports. We have many friends everywhere
in the world. I meet him everywhere I go. We couldn’t go
everywhere by bus, by train, or by car; in some places
we had to walk.
to fight [fait] (прошедшее время—fought [fo:t]): The workers
of our country fought for the revolution. The boys aren’t
fighting, they are playing.
to happen ['haepanj: What can happen to him in the yard?
I came to the house only five minutes after it happened.
What happened then? I can’t understand what is hap-
pening.
to celebrate ['selibreitj; Important [im'po:tant]: We celebrate
May Day and other important holidays in our country.
All of us think it is very important to celebrate Mother’s
birthday. I have some important things to do at school
today.
9.	Listen to the story. Answer the questions:
1.	Who was Chapayev?
2.	What do you already know about Chapayev?
3.	When do we show the film about Chapayev?
4.	Explain why Chapayev is important to us today.
36
10.	Read and translate:
1.	Thank you for the names and addresses of the boys and
girls who want to have pen-friends here.
2.	In your letter you ask: ‘'Do you want me to write to you
about some English holidays and traditions?”
3.	People always celebrate something important that happens
at home, in their family circle.
4.	Everybody in our street, everybody in the city and in the
country, everybody everywhere in the Soviet Union cele-
brates the 7th of November.
5.	All of us celebrate the October holidays, and at that time
we remember the heroes of those days and all the people
who fought for the Revolution.
6.	Now they could work for a better world for their children
and their children’s children.
11.	Read the text.
A LETTER TO AN ENGLISH PEN-FRIEND
Part One
Moscow, November 15, 1977
Dear Helen,
Thank you very much for your warm letter and for the
little pictures that you sent us a week ago. We’ll put them
into our English wall newspaper. And thank you for the names
and addresses of the boys and girls that want to have pen-
friends here. Our club now has more than a hundred pen-friends
in many countries, and we are always happy to find new
friends.
It was very interesting to read about your school and what
you do. In your letter you ask: “Do you want me to write
about some English holidays and traditions in my next letter?”
Our answer is: “Yes, of course!”
Some of the members of our Pen-friends Club are going
to write you soon about our school, too. But today we’ll try
to tell you about our October holidays.
37
You already know that on the 7th of November we celebrate
the day of the October Revolution. We must explain why we
say ‘the October holidays’, but celebrate them in November.
When the October Revolution came, there was a different
calendar1 in Russia. The day of the Revolution was the 25th
of October, 1917. In the new calendar that we have now, this
important day is in November. But we speak of the October
Revolution, and we celebrate the October holidays.
The Revolution showed the workers and farmers of our
country a new way to live. It brought them Socialism. Now
they could work for a better world for their children and their
children’s children.
People always celebrate something important that happens
at home, in their family circle. But there are some days that
everybody celebrates. Everybody in our street, everybody in
the city and in the country, everybody everywhere in the Soviet
Union celebrates the 7th of November. The 7th of November
is the birthday of our Soviet country.
So, all of us celebrate it, and at that time we remember
the heroes of those days, and all the people that fought for
the Revolution.
12.	The following sentences aren't correct. Correct them.
1.	The Russian pupils wrote that they didn’t need more ad-
dresses of pen-friends, because they already had many.
2.	Helen wanted to write another letter about a new English film.
3.	The Russian pupils decided to ask Helen how many holi-
days English pupils have in every season.
4.	The Russian pupils wrote about important days in their
families.
13.	Tell the class the name of a play that you saw. Give the names
of the hero and some of the important people in the play.
14.	Say whether you remember where a writer lived and where he
died. Example:
I remember that Chekhov lived in Moscow, but I don’t re-
member where he died. I think it was in Yalta.
1 different calendar ['difrant 'kaelmda]—другой календарь
38
15.	Tell the class what you already know about the life and work
of a writer, and what you don’t know yet. Example:
I don’t know much about Pushkin’s life yet. But I already
know that he lived in Moscow. I know where he died. I know
the names of some of his books.
16.	Say what you forgot to do yesterday or another day last week.
17.	Say that you began to do something, but couldn’t finish.
Explain why.
18.	Read the words:
[ar] tie, right, smile, die, life
[J]	wash, sure, shine, she, finish
[i]	river, spring, window, visit
[j]	yesterday, year, yes, yellow, yet
[e]	bench, best, breakfast, next, never, forget
[i]	January, country, factory, history
19.	Read and translate:
history ['histari): Those were important days in the history of
our country. This tradition has a long and interesting
history.
life [laif] (pl — lives [laivz]): Life in old Russia wasn’t easy
for the workers and farmers. I’ll remember that day all
my life. He lived half his life in the Far North. They
had to fight for their lives.
a piay: It was a play about poor English workers. Who is in
the play? Are you going to see a play in the new Children’s
Theatre next month?
yet [jet]: Aren’t you ready yet? Summer isn’t over yet. We
can’t speak the English language very well yet. It was
eight o’clock, but. it wasn’t dark yet.
to die [dai]: You must take better care of these trees, or
they will die. These flowers are dying; the hot sun is bad
for them and they need water. His name and his work
will never die.
39
to visit fvizit]: We went to visit my grandjnother and brought
her some fruit and a cake. How many museums and
exhibitions did you visit last month? One of the pupils
translated for the visitors.
to finish ['fmij*]: I am sure we can finish everything on Friday.
Mother says she will finish my new dress today or tomorrow.
to forget [fa'get] (прошедшее время—forgot [fa'gat]): She for-
got to buy brown bread and butter and had to go back to
the shop. I mustn’t forget to tell them to bring their
skis and skates. We shall never forget the heroes that died
for the Revolution.
20.	Complete the sentences:
1.	Nina forgot to tell us her address, so ...
2.	I wanted to visit my friend, but ...
3.	We finished our work early, so ...
4.	My brother is a member of a history circle, so ...
5.	My grandfather’s life is very interesting, and ...
21.	Listen to the teacher's story. Ask questions for more informa-
tion.
22.	Read and translate:
1.	The Museum of Revolution gave us a very good picture of
the revolutions in Russian history, and of the brave people
that made the revolutions.
2.	Our Writer’s Club wrote a play for our school performance.
3.	We wanted to write more about our beautiful demonstration
and the plays and cinemas we went to.
4.	It isn’t easy for us to write long letters in English.
5.	Your letters help us to know and understand your life better.
6.	This was not the first time that we visited the Lenin Museum.
23.	Read the text. Answer the questions:
1.	What could the guests see at the October Revolution Exhi-
bition of Class 7 A? 2. What can people see in the Museum
of Revolution and in the Lenin Museum?
40
The Lenin Museum in Moscow.
A LETTER TO AN ENGLISH PEN-FRIEND
Part Two
When the holidays came this year, we had an October
Revolution Exhibition at school. There were old books and
magazines and newspapers that showed the history of the
Revolution, and there were pictures of the men and women
who fought and died for the ideas of the Revolution.
Our class visited the Lenin Museum and the Museum of
Revolution.
This was not the first time that we visited the Lenin Mu-
seum. But every time we go there, we learn something new
about Lenin’s life and work. The Museum of Revolution gave
us a very good picture of the revolutions in Russian history,
and of the brave people that made the revolutions.
We had an October holiday party at our school for our
parents and other guests. Our Writer’s Club wrote a play for
it, and there was a very nice performance. Some of the
41
The Museum of Revolution in Moscow.
members of our Pen-friends Club are good singers, and they
sang Russian and English songs.
We wanted to write more about how we celebrate our Oc-
tober holidays—about our beautiful demonstration and the
plays and cinemas we went to. But it isn’t easy for us to
write long letters in English yet. So we are finishing this
letter now and sending you some pictures that we took on the
day of the demonstration. And with this letter we are sending
you some pictures that one of our club members drew.
Please answer our letter soon, and don’t forget to write about
some English holidays and traditions. We like to read about them.
They help us to know and understand our English friends better.
If you have time, please write about your life in London, too.
Do you want a Russian song? We can ask our Eighth-Form
pupils to translate some songs into English, and we’ll send
them to you.
Your Pen-Friends,
Class 7 A, School 310
42
24.	Say what you can write to your pen-friends about the November
holiday party at your school. Look at this plan:
1.	Why we celebrate the 7th of November.
2.	The plan for the school party on the 6th of November.
A hero that will speak at the party.
3.	Excursions to museums, theatres and cinemas.
4.	The demonstration in our city.
25.	Make up dialogues on the following situations:
1.	You and your friend are members of the history circle.
At the meeting last Thursday, you decided to have a school
party on the 6th of November. Your friend wasn’t at the
meeting. He wants to know what happened at the meeting.
2.	You come home from a school party. Your sister (brother)
wants to know who was there, what you saw and what
you did there.
THE SEASONS
This is the season
When fruit is sweet;
This is the season
When school friends meet,
When noisy and gay,
And brown in the sun,
With their books and bags
To school they run.
This is the season
When mornings are dark,
And birds do not sing
In forest and park.
This is the season
When children ski,
And Father Frost
Brings the New-Year tree.
43
This is the season
When snowdrops bloom,
When nobody likes
To be in his room.
This is the season
When birds make their nests;
This is the season
We all like best.
This is the season
When nights are short;
When children are full
Of fun and sport;
Playing, swimming
All the day,
With a happy song,
On a sunny day.
| Q
Homework
1	.* Составьте и напишите предложения:
1)	know, already, I, many, words, new, English
2)	read, we, stories, in magazines, traditions, about, English
3)	in, people, many countries, the 7th of November, celebrate
4)	saw, many, we, important, at the factory, machines
5)	my friend, me, a picture, showed, of the Revolution,
of a hero
6)	interesting, many, happened, things, to my friends, in
the South
7)	everywhere, looked, I, for you
8)	for the Revolution, fought, heroes, many
2	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя новые слова из урока 4:
When my uncle comes home from the North, our family al-
ways ... that day. It is a ... with us. I am sorry that it
doesn’t ... very often. My uncle goes to many interesting
44
places in our city, and he takes me with him .... When
he has time he tells us stories about the North, and how he
lives there. I ... know more than ten of his stories, and
they are very interesting. One night he ... with big animals
in the snow, and there are many other things ... happened
to him in the North. I think my uncle is a ..., because
he is never afraid, and he can do everything.
3	.* Прочитайте текст A Letter to an English Pen-friend
(Part One).
4	.* Допишите предложения:
1.	Lermontov died when he was very young, so ...
2.	I don’t know much about Lermontov’s life yet, but ...
3.	I couldn’t finish my dinner, because ...
4.	Nina forgot to tell her parents about the meeting, so ...
5.	We didn’t go to see the new play on Tuesday, because ...
6.	Our family wanted to watch a football game on TV,
but ...
7.	My sister and 1 decided to visit our aunt on Sunday,
but ...
5	.* Прочитайте текст A Letter to an English Pen-friend
(Part Two) и ответьте на вопросы (устно):
1.	Why did the class decide to visit the Lenin Museum
again?
2.	What did the class do for their October Holiday party?
3.	What did the class send in their letter, and what did
they ask for?
4.	How can they send Russian songs to their English
friends?
6	.* Переведите на английский язык (письменно):
Когда у нас в городе бывает демонстрация, я люблю
гулять по улицам и смотреть на людей и красивые зда-
ния. На улицах шумно, все смеются, поют и танцуют.
В день демонстрации я никогда не сплю долго. Я надеваю
45
свой лучший костюм и выхожу из дома. Первого мая уже
тепло, на небе светит солнце. Мой маленький брат тоже
встает рано. «Можно мне пойти с тобой?»—спрашивает
он. Он умный мальчик, но он очень смешной. Ему только
пять лет, и он, конечно, еще не пионер, но он надевает
красный галстук. Я заставляю его снять галстук. Он
начинает плакать, но я говорю: «Перестань плакать. Пой-
дем на площадь». И он забывает о галстуке»
to forget (forgot)
to fight (fought)
to celebrate
to happen
to finish
to visit
to die
that
yet
life
history
Socialism
a tradition
a hero
a play
important
everywhere
already
46
Lesson 5
II
1.	Give the names of some good athletes in your class. Tell the
class what their favourite sport is.
2.	Say what classes in your school (or what schools in your city)
compete with each other in sports. Example'.
Our class and class 7 C compete with each other in hockey.
3.	Tell the class who is the school champion in your favourite
sport. Say how long ago she (he) became the champion, and
what other pupils competed for the first place.
4.	Everybody wants to become a champion in some sport. Tell the
class what sport you (your brother, sister, friend) want to
become a champion in.
5.	Read the following sentences. Make sentences like them. Use
the words: dancing, drawing, skating, skiing, swimming,
jumping, running.
Model 1. Jane goes in for swimming.
Model 2. Skating is her favourite sport.
6.	Read the words:
[л] hungry, butter, funny, some, come, become
[ei] face, again, afraid, save, favourite
[i:] eat, please, skis, each, compete
athlete ['aeOlirt] champion ['tjaempjanj
gymnastics [dgim'naestiks]
7.	Read and translate:
to become [Ь/клт] (прошедшеевремя—became [bi'keim]): When
did he become a champion? She became very tired. The
work is becoming easier and more interesting. Spring will
soon be here, it is becoming warmer.
favourite ['feivantj: What is your favourite sport? Round the
World is the favourite magazine of schoolchildren and young
people.
47
each other ['ktj"'лда]: Can’t you help each other? We are going
to write to each other in July and August. We often go to
each other’s house.
to compete [kam'pi:t]: The two collective farms competed with
each other for the best harvest. Our school wants Nick to
compete in the All-Union games next June.
8.	Give sentences that can follow these sentences. Example:
Father's factory had a new camp near a beautiful lake.
It was far, and we had to go there by train.
Soon the camp was full of boys and girls.
1 was there from August to September.
1.	She became angry.
2.	Mike’s parents and Victor’s know each other very well.
3.	That is my favourite library.
4.	Nick is the best volley-ball player, but he can’t
compete in the games this autumn.
9.	Look at the pictures and say.
Where are the cat, the dog and the ball?
(Begin your answer: In Picture Number
One the cat is ...)
48
What are the dog and the cat doing?
Where is the teacher?
10.	Speak about the last competition (or an interesting competi-
tion) at your school. Speak about when and where the competi-
tion was; how many pupils took part; who took the first, second
and third places.
11.	Speak about the Second World War. Say when the war began
and ended (the year and month). Speak about a man or a woman
you know that took part in the war, and what he (she) became
in peace time.
12.	Read the words:
[o:] water, bought, north, form, quarter, war
[i:] green, need, between, field, speak, peace
[i] sit, wind, building, minute, competition
[aij cry, either, bright, high
49
13.	Read, and translate:
a competition [Jcompi'tiJon]: a competition for the best song;
a competition for the best play. We watched the women’s
chess competition on TV last night. The ski-jumping com-
petition is over.
peace [pi:s] (не употребляется с артиклем): The people of
our country want peace. The Soviet Union stands for peace.
He fought for peace all his life.
between [bi'twizn]: She found a letter between the pages of
her book. We sometimes have tea between dinner and sup-
per. This is between us, don’t tell the other girls.
to take part: Are you going to take part in the performance
on Saturday? That old man took part in the Revolution
of 1905. Everybody must take part in the work of the
circle. Thousands of workers took part in the peace demon-
stration.
a war [wo:]: We don’t want war. His grandfather died in the
First World War. My uncle fought in the war.
high [hai]: One hot morning, when the sun was high in the
sky, we went on an excursion to the forest. There was a
high wall round the garden. Can you write higher on the
blackboard, please?
14.	a) Learn the dialogue:
— What’s your favourite sport?
— My favourite sport is swimming. I like it very much.
Do you go in for swimming?
— No, I don’t. But I go in for basket-ball. Do you like
basket-ball?
— Yes, I do. But I don’t play basket-ball well. Will you
show me how?
— Of course, I will.
b) Make up dialogues like the dialogue in part a. Give some
information about your friend (or your brother, or sister).
15.	Read the words. Guess their meaning.
the Olympic games [o'hmpik] Greece [gri:s]
50
16.	Read and translate:
1.	The Olympic games are a very old tradition in the world
of sports.
2.	At that time cities in Greece were not friends with each
other.
3.	The Olympic games are the favourite sports of all coun-
tries — running, high-jumping, gymnastics, football, swim-
ming and skiing.
4.	The competitions show us the countries that have the best
runners and high-jumpers, the best skaters and skiers, the
best football-players—in other words — the best athletes.
17.	Read the text.
THE OLYMPIC GAMES
Part One
The Olympic games are a very old tradition in the world
of sports. History tells us that the tradition began more than
two thousand years ago, in Greece.
All the cities in Greece sent their best athletes to the city
of Olympus, to compete in the games. Thousands of people
came from all parts of Greece to see the games.
At that time cities in Greece were not friends with each
other. But at the Olympic games people were friends. All
wars between the cities stopped, and the people lived in
peace. Athletes and people from all the cities met, spoke
with each other and became friends. So we see that the
Olympic tradition is a tradition of peace.
The Olympic games were very important to all the cities.
They helped the cities to know each other and to understand
each other.
Every city wanted to have the best athletes. When Olym-
pic champions came home after the games, the people cele-
brated. Everybody came out of the cities to meet them, with
flowers in their hands. They danced and sang in the streets,
and threw flowers at the champions.
51
The Discus Thrower.
Olympic champions today are not only champions of one
country; they are world champions
The Olympic games are the favourite sports of all coun-
tries—running, high-jumping, gymnastics, football, basket-ball,
swimming, skiing, skating and other sports that young people
in all countries go in for. Countries send their best athletes
to take part in the Olympic games. The competitions show
us the countries that have the best runners and high-jumpers,
the best skaters and skiers, the best swimmers, the best foot-
ball-players and volley-ball-players—in other words —the best
athletes.
18.	Answer the questions:
1.	Why do all people all over the world know about the
Olympic games?
2.	Why did the Olympic tradition become a tradition of peace?
3.	What happened in the cities when the Olympic champions
came home?
4.	Can we say that the Olympic champions in old Greece and
Olympic champions now are the same? Why?
52
19.	You want to know some facts about your classmates' favourite
team. Find out from them:
1)	the name of their favourite team
2)	how many games the team won and lost in competitions
with other teams
3)	the names of some of the members of the team
4)	who the team competed with for the first place
20.	Give some facts that show the friendship between the pupils in
your class. Begin with: I’ll tell you (speak) about the friend-
ship between ...
21.	Say how long you will do the following things: be at school;
play with your friends; do your homework; watch TV.
Example: I’ll be in the library until two o’clock.
I’ll take care of my little brother until five o’clock.
Then Mother will come home.
22.	Tell the class until what time you did something one day last
week and what you did afterwards. Use the tvords: watched TV;
played chess; did my homework; walked in the park; talked
with my friend in the yard.
Example: On Thursday evening I read a book until 9 o’clock.
Then I went to bed.
23.	Read the words:
[ou] old, close, wrote, told, sold, gold
[i] sister, sing, bring, big, window, win, silver
[л] money, mother, son, month, won
[i:J sleep, read, teacher, clean, team
[e] get, never, yellow, celebrate, clever, medal
24.	Read and translate:
to win (прошедшее время—won [wAn]): We won six games
and lost two. I’m sure you can win if you try. Our school
is winning, but it is only the beginning of the competi-
tion. We took pictures of the winners.
53
until [an'til]: I’ll be at a pioneer meeting until five o’clock.
You may have my sports magazine only until tomorrow.
My grandmother lived with us until last year. We didn’t
come back to the city until the winter holidays were over.
We didn’t want our guests to come to the birthday party
until everything was ready.
a team [ti:m]: Our football team isn’t very good, but the boys
are quickly learning to play better. My brother is in the
school hockey team. We took a picture of the team; they
are smiling and they all look very nice.
friendship ['frendjipj: The friendship between them began when
they were little children. The Soviet Union stands for
peace and friendship with all countries.
25.	Give sentences that can follow these sentences:
1.	I watched TV last night.
2.	I’ll be at home until six o’clock today.
3.	We had a competition at school for the best story about
a hero in history.
4.	I am not an athlete, but I go in for some sports.
5.	There is a very good sports club at my father’s factory.
6.	We had visitors at our school last week.
7.	I was at school until seven o’clock yesterday evening.
26.	Say two or three sentences about:
1)	your favourite sport
2)	when you began to go in for this sport
3)	what sport or sports you went in for last year
or some years ago
4)	why you like the sport you go in for
5)	whether you take (took) part in competitions
27.	Read the words and translate them into Russian:
committee [ka'miti] calendar ['ksehnda] medal [medl]
54
28.	Read the text.
THE OLYMPIC GAMES
Part Two
There were Olympic games in Greece every four years
until the year 394. After that there were no Olympic games
until 1896. In that year people of many countries came to-
gether and decided to have an Olympic Games Committee.
There is an Olympic Games Committee now, too. The members
of the Committee decide the place of the Olympic games and
the sports that the athletes will compete in. Every four years
the Committee says what city and country will be the place
for the games. You may see these countries in the calendar
of the Olympic games:
1896 — Greece
1900—France
1904—USA
1908—England
1912—Sweden
1920—Holland
1924 —France
1928 —Holland
1932—USA
1936—Germany
1948—England
1952 — Finland
1956 —Australia
1960—Italy
1964 — Japan
1968—Mexico
1972—Germany
1976—Canada
If you look at the years in the calendar, you can see that
there were no Olympic games in 1916, 1940 and 1944. That
is easy to explain. In those years there was war in the
world —the First World War in 1916, and the Second World
War in 1940 and 1944.
After the October Revolution, more and more people in
our country began to go in for sports. We think that sports
are very important, and there are very good athletes in this
country. We have very good football teams, and good vol-
ley-ball and basket-ball teams, too. Of course, not everybody
can become a world champion. But many Soviet men and
women athletes are the best in the world in some sports. The
Olympic games showed that Vladimir Kuts was the best run-
ner and Valery Brumel was the best high-jumper. We have
55
many women Olympic champions in our country, too —
Irina Press, Ludmila Shevtsova, Maria Gusakova, and
many others. Botvinnik was not an athlete, but he was the
best chess-player in the world.
In 1952 the Soviet Union sent athletes to the Olympic
games for the first time. Then, four years later in Australia,
the Soviet Union won more medals than the other countries.
Our athletes won thirty-seven gold medals and twenty-nine
silver medals.
Of course, we are happy when Soviet athletes win gold
and silver medals in sports competitions. But Soviet athletes
go to the Olympic games not only to win medals. They go
there, because the Olympic tradition is a tradition of peace
and friendship, and they say to athletes and young people of
all countries: “Let’s be friends.”
29.	Find the correct sentence in each group:
I
1.	There were no Olympic games in Greece until the year 394.
2.	Now there are Olympic games in Greece every four years.
3.	The members of the Committee decide the place for the
Olympic games.
1.	The calendar of the Olympic games shows us who took
part in the Olympic games.
2.	There were no Olympic games in 1916, because there was
no friendship between many countries.
3.	After the year 394 there were no Olympic games in Greece.
HI
1.	All the good athletes in our country compete in the Olym-
pic games.
2.	We send our athletes to the Olympic games, because we
stand for peace and friendship with all countries.
3.	Our champions won more silver medals in Australia than
gold medals.
56
I Q
Homework
1	.* Составьте и напишите предложения:
1)	each other, help, in, the collective farmers, the fields
2) I, Tuesday, my favourite aunt, see, every
3)	brighter, in the sky, the stars, soon, became
4)	is, favourite, when, your, holiday?
5)	never, my friend, of our best athletes, the names,
forgets
6)	are competing, School Number 26, for the best garden,
with, we
7)	the chess champion, is, of our school, only, twelve years
old
8)	ёгеУ, his hair, became, but, shone, his eyes
2	.* Перепишите предложения, поставив глаголы в соответ-
ствующем времени:
1.	We can’t walk far, it (to become) dark. 2. She always
(to become) angry when I laugh at her favourite athlete.
3. Many of our best school athletes (to compete) in today’s
game, and some of them (to compete) in the Olympic
games next summer. 4. The people of Africa (to fight)
for a better life. 5. My brother skates very well and often
(to take part) in important competitions. 6. These two
boys (to take part) in the high-jumping competition
between our class and class 7 A next Thursday. 7. Who
(to write) War and Peace?
3	.* Прочитайте текст The Olympic Games (Part One). Най-
дите ответы на вопросы в классном упражнении 18.
4	.* Переведите на английский язык (письменно):
а)	мой любимый урок; ее любимое пирожное; их любимый
музей; в конце войны; между театром и кино. Перестаньте
кричать друг на друга. Спортсмены приезжают отовсюду,
чтобы принять участие в соревнованиях. Они соревнуются
друг с другом. Мир важен для всех.
57
б)	1. Будущей весной наша волейбольная команда будет со-
ревноваться с командой школы № 515. 2. Они не закончили
игру, потому что один из игроков упал и не мог встать.
3. Сегодня вечером я смотрел телевизор и слышал одного
английского спортсмена. Он член спортивной команды, ко-
торая приехала сюда две недели назад. 4. Она еще не чем-
пионка мира, но я думаю, что она станет чемпионкой мира.
5	.* Прочитайте текст The Olympic Games (Part Two).
Выполните классное упражнение 29.
to take part	a team
to win (won)	medal
to become (became)	gold
to compete	silver
a competition	peace
a champion	a war
gymnastics	between
an athlete	favourite
friendship	high
each other	until
58
Lesson 6
1.	Read the words:
clean—cleaned
wash —washed
carry—carried
stop —stopped
ask — asked
plant — planted
buy — bought
find —found
lose — lost
send —sent
make—made
read —read
2.	Read the sentences under the pictures and translate them into
Russian:
Kate is washing
her hands.
Kate has washed
her hands.
(Her hands are
clean now.)
59
The pupils of class 7 A
are cleaning
their classroom.
The pupils of class 7 A
have cleaned
their classroom.
(The classroom is clean now.)
Mother:
Have dinner with us,
Nick!
Nick:
No, thank you. I have
had my dinner already.
(No, thank you. I’m not
hungry. I don’t want
to eat.)
60
Mike is doing
his lessons.
Mike has finished
his lessons.
(He is already putting
his books into his bag.)
Teacher. What are you doing, Jane?
Jane. I have lost my new pen,
and I am looking for it.
61
It is raining.
It has stopped raining.
The children are playing volley-ball.
62
Чтобы сообщить о результате действия, употребляется
настоящее совершенное время, например:
They have cleaned the room.
(Комната теперь чистая.)
Mike has finished his lessons.
(Поэтому он убирает книги
и тетради в портфель.)
I haven’t read the book.
(Я не знаю содержания этой книги.
Я не могу о ней ничего сказать.)
I have had my dinner.
(Я не голоден сейчас.
Я не хочу есть.)
3.	Make sentences:
I
Не
They
We
have
has
already
cleaned
washed
put on
bought
my
his
their
our
clothes.
suit,
tie.
I		heard	the	address
Our uncle	haven’t	found	the	magazine
Her aunt	hasn’t	got	the	story
My parents		read	the	newspaper
yet.
Для образования настоящего совершенного времени
употребляется вспомогательный глагол have/has и
смысловой глагол, форма которого в большинстве
случаев совпадает с формой глагола в прошедшем
времени, например:
We have washed all the desks.
She has cleaned her room.
I have read this book.
63
4.	Прочитайте следующие предложения и скажите, совпадает
ли форма смыслового глагола в настоящем совершенном времени
с формой прошедшего времени:
1.	Nick has opened the window, and it is very cold in the
room now.
2.	We have cleaned our classroom today, and it looks very
nice.
3.	Ann has lost her book, and she can’t do her homework
now.
4.	I have found the pencil, and I can draw the picture of our
pioneer camp.
5.	We have written a letter to our pen-friends in England.
We’ll send it after school today.
6.	They have forgotten Nina’s address, so they can’t go to
see her.
7.	She has sung that song at many parties, and we know it
very well now.
Запомните форму настоящего совершенного времени!
to do —have/has
to sing — have/has
to come — have/has
to become — have/has
to write — have/has
to forget — have/has
done
sung
come
become
written
forgotten
5.	Tell the class what you or somebody else have already done to-
day.
6.	Tell the class what you or somebody else haven't yet done to-
day.
7.	Say one thing that you or somebody else have already done
today, and one thing that you haven't yet done. Use but.
Example: I have already had my breakfast, but I haven’t had
my dinner yet.
8.	Say what you or somebody else haven't done yet, and when you
(she, he) will do it.
64
Чтобы задать вопрос в настоящем совершенном
времени, надо have/has поставить перед
подлежащим, например:
Have they finished the wall newspaper?
— No, they haven’t.
Has Nick explained the new lesson to you, Ann?
— Yes, he has.
What has he found?
Why have you put on your warm coat?
9.	Complete the sentences.
Example: Have you (to read) ... ?
Have you read Tikhonov’s new story?
1.	Has she (to find) ... ?
2.	Have the collective farmers (to plant)... ?
3.	Have the pioneers (to win)
4.	Has your uncle (to write)
5.	Has your sister (to do) ...
6.	Have the pupils (to come)
10. Ask questions on the picture. Let your
classmates answer them.
Запомните форму настоящего совершенного времени!
to go	— have/has	gone
to see	— have/has	seen
to come	— have/has	come
to give	— have/has	given
to be	— have/has	been
65
11.	Составьте вопросы в настоящем совершенном времени. Упо-
требите следующие существительные и подходящие по смыслу
глаголы: books, letters, words, plays, games, English lessons,
meetings, sports competitions, museums, pictures.
Example: How many pictures have you taken this year?
12.	a) Learn the dialogue:
— Good evening, Olga Petrovna!
— Hello, Alec!
— Has Victor come home?
— No, he hasn’t. Come in, and rest.
— Thank you. Has he done his lessons already?
— I’m not sure. If he hasn’t, you can do them together.
b) Say the dialogue again. Ask where Victor has gone (skating-
rink, library, exhibition, etc.) and when he will be back.
13.	Listen to the story. Tell the story with the help of the fol-
lowing key-words:
a quarter to eight
have you read
until eight o’clock
has happened
have won
decided
everybody
Homework
1	.* Напишите no три предложения из таблиц классного упраж-
нения 3.
2	.* Перепишите вопросы и письменно ответьте на них:
1.	What English books have you read?
2.	Have you heard about the American .writer Jack’ London?
3.	What have you done with the picture I gave you?
4.	How many letters have you written to your pen-friends in
other countries?
5.	How many new words have you learned this year?
66
3	.* Данные утверждения являются результатом совершенного дей-
ствия. Составьте и напишите предложения, которые являлись
бы объяснением этих утверждений. Употребите глаголы
в скобках, например:
Mike always gets fives now. (to become)
Mike has become a good pupil.
1.	Now I understand the story, (to explain)
2.	It isn’t cold here now. (to close)
3.	I am not hungry, (to have breakfast)
4.	1 can’t tell you where he lives, (to forget)
5.	I can’t show you a picture of our camp, (to lose)
6.	Now I can show you the picture of our camp, (to find)
7.	Our new school garden will be very beautiful, (to plant)
8.	We can begin dinner now. (to buy)
9.	That is not a new song, (to hear)
10.	We can walk in the park now. (to stop)
67
Lesson 7
1.	Say what you did yesterday, and haven't yet done today.
Example: I did my homework yesterday evening,
but I haven’t done my homework today.
2.	Say what the people in the pictures have already done and what
they are doing now.
68
3.	Repeat what you said about each picture. Then say what you
think the people will do or what you are sure they will do.
4.	Say what nobody in your class likes to do.
Example: Nobody in our class likes to go to bed early.
5.	Play this game! Ask one of your comrades whether he (she)
can use a word in a sentence. (If he can’t, you must use the
word.)
Kate. Tanya, can you use the word yellow in a sentence?
Tanya. My little sister has a nice yellow dress.
6.	Make sentences and finish them:
I
He
They
We
I
She
You
don’t
doesn’t
didn’t
can’t
haven’t
hasn’t
even
even
take part
finish ...
go in for
translate
look for .
explain .
visit ...
tried ..
seen ..
written
brought
7.	Tell the class a story (3—4 sentences). Finish your story with
the words: There was nobody there. Example:
Mike asked me to go to the Pioneer Room. He wanted me to
take a magazine from Victor. But when I came to the Pioneer
Room, there was nobody there.
8.	Read the words:
Iju:] you suit, Tuesday, duty, use
[i:] eat, easy, need, even, secret
[i]	film, sit, wind, visit, rich
[ou) nose, clothes, sold, throw, nobody
[э:] bird, circus, heard, Thursday workshop
69
9. Read and translate:
a secret ['si:knt]: This secret is between us. I can’t tell you,
it’s a secret. You can never tell her a secret, a secret
place; a secret meeting; a secret letter.
a workshop ['wazkjopj: Do the girls work in your school work-
shop? We make machine parts for collective farms in our
school workshops.
rich (ntf]: My uncle’s collective farm has become rich. We have
found ways to get rich harvests in all parts of our country.
even ['iivonp. 1 don’t even know his name or address. This
performance is even better than the play we saw last Saturday.
It wasn’t easy even for her. The excursion to the Lenin
Library was going to be so interesting that even our parents
decided to go with us.
to use [ju:z]: Has Oleg used his new skates yet? Are you using
this book? I don’t know how to use the word. We used the
best room in our school for the exhibition.
nobody ['noubodi] (употребляется только с глаголом в утвер-
дительной форме): I saw nobody in the forest. There was
nobody in the classroom. Nobody knew his secret. Tomorrow
is a holiday, and nobody will be here.
10.	Speak about the last time you (or somebody in your family)
were ill. Say when it happened, how long you were ill, and what
you couldn't do, because you were ill.
11.	Tell the class about the last time you had to wait for somebody.
Explain what happened.
12.	Read the	(ei) brave, lake, grey, April, wait
words:	la] garden, star, car, plant, last
[i] river, into, rich, sing, listen
13.	Read and translate:
to wait (weit): Please wait for me, I’ll be back at a quarter
past four. We waited for you in front of the library until
it became dark. What are you waiting for? Who are you
waiting for? She is waiting near the door.
70
the last [last]: I haven’t read the last five pages yet. The boys
and girls celebrated their last day at camp. They sat round
the fire and sang their favourite songs for the last time that
summer. Their house is the last red house on the other side
of the street. Our last lesson on Wednesday is history.
to listen [hsn]: Listen to me, please! You didn’t even listen
to the question. Last month we listened to a war hero who
came to our meeting.
14.	Read and translate:
1.	If they had to write about their work, they did not use the
words of their language. 2. They wrote sun for gold and moon
for silver. 3. An old worker began to make beautiful things
out of glass. 4. Something happened to him. 5. He died, and
his secrets died with him.
15.	Read the text. Answer the question:
Why couldn’t the old worker’s son learn the secret
of the beautiful glass?
THE OLD MAN’S SECRET
Many years ago good workers did not tell other people the
secrets of their work. They closed the doors and windows of
their small workshops when they did important work. If they
had to write about their work, they did not use the words of their
language — words that everybody could understand. They used
words that other people could not understand, or they used
signs.1 They wrote sun for gold and moon for silver. They used
this sign V for water, and this sign О for gold, and this
sign ) for silver. The workers were afraid to tell the impor-
tant secrets of their work even to the members of their
family.
More than three hundred years ago, an old Italian worker
began to make beautiful things out of glass. People not only
in his country, but people everywhere in the world knew about
all the beautiful things that he made out of glass. Rich people
1 sign [sain]—знак
71
came to his workshop every day to buy his glass. Soon he
became rich too, and everybody wanted to know him. But
nobody knew how he made the glass, and he did not tell the
secret even to his favourite son. The old man’s little brown
notebook was full of secret words, numbers and signs, but his
son could not understand them.
The young man often asked his father to tell him the secret
of the beautiful glass, but every time he asked him, the old
man answered, “Wait! I have written everything in my brown
notebook. I’ll explain everything to you> but the time has
not come yet.”
Then, one day in January, the old man became very ill,
and the next morning he could not get up. “The time has come,
my son,” he said slowly. “I am very ill, and I’m afraid I’ll
never get up. Bring me my little brown notebook from the
workshop. I’ll translate everything for you and explain all
the words and signs.”
The son ran and brought him the notebook. The old man
opened it and looked at the first page. “Now, listen to me!”
he said and began to speak. “This word ... this word ...”
But he did not finish. Something happened to him. He could
not remember the words and signs. He looked at the second
page and at the third. But he Could not remember the secret
words and numbers.
“Wait!” he said to his son. “I don’t think that I have
forgotten everything. 1 didn’t sleep well last night, and I’m
tired now; but I am sure I’ll soon remember everything. I’m
going to rest, and then I’ll tell you all the secrets.” The old
man stopped speaking and closed his eyes.
These were the old man’s last words. The young man waited
and waited, but his father never opened his eyes again. He
died, and his secrets died with him.
16.	Tell the story The Old Man’s Secret.
17.	Make up a dialogue out of the story The Old Man’s Secret.
Let one pupil be the old worker and another pupil be his son.
18.	Listen to the teacher's story. Ask questions for more informa-
tion.
72
19.	a) Say what things (animals) in the pictures are the same, and
what things (animals) in the pictures are different.
b) Say that two members of the class have different things.
Example: Natasha and Tanya have different dresses. Natasha’s
dress is blue-and-white, and Tanya’s dress is black.
20.	Tell the class that you are teaching somebody to do something,
and say how well he (she) has learned to do it.
Example: I am teaching my little brother to swim, but he
hasn’t learned to swim very well yet.
21.	Read the words:
[i]	winter, city, wind, building, different
[i:] field, season, peace, teach
[э:] world, bird, learner, turner
[э:] bought, brought, fought, taught
[el bench, bread, desk, chess, any
73
22. Read and translate:
to teach [ti:tf] (прошедшее время — taught [to:t]): Elena Petrovna
teaches us Russian. Pavel Ivanovich is going to teach gym-
nastics to the 7th Form. Who taught you to dance?
a turner [Чэ:пэ]: How many pupils in your class are going to
become turners? A turner’s work is interesting, but it isn’t easy.
different ['difrant]: They went to different schools, but they
were good friends. The sky looks different in autumn and
in summer. Traditions in the north and in the south are
different.
any ['em]: You can go to the cinema by any tram or bus
that stops in the square. You can buy skis in any big
sports shop. We haven’t any butter for breakfast. We haven’t
had any supper yet. Can you see any animals in the Zoo
in winter?
so [sou]: Who taught you to draw so well? Her hands and
face were so hot that I was afraid she was ill. My aunt
gave me so many apples that I couldn’t carry them. She
cried so that we could not make her stop.
23.	Read and translate:
1.	They worked in a factory that made machine parts.
2.	Igor finished more parts.
3.	There were days when he didn’t even stop for dinner.
4.	He did his best.
5.	“You haven’t been happy these last weeks,” he said.
6.	He works better than you do.
7.	Can you explain to me how you use your machine —
if you want to, of course?
8.	They taught each other and learned from each other.
74
24.	Read the text.
SOVIET FRIENDSHIP
Igor and Yury lived in the same house when they were
children. Then they went to the same school and worked
together in the school workshop. They became turners, and
later they began to work together at the same factory.
One day Igor said to his friend, “Everybody at the factory
is competing. Let’s compete too. We’ll see who can make
more parts every day.”
So the two friends decided to compete with each other.
They were clever boys, and they worked well and tried not to
lose any time. But from the first day Igor finished more parts.
Yury took good care of his machine, and his work-table and
machine were always clean. He worked quickly, and there were
days when he didn’t even stop for dinner. He began to come
to the factory earlier. He did his best, but in the evening
when they finished their work, Igor always won—Yury was
far behind him.
One afternoon an old turner came to Yury and said, “Lis-
ten, Yury! You haven’t been happy these last weeks. Is it
because Igor always wins your competition? You have learned
to work well, but he works better than you do. You must
find a different way to work. Why don’t you ask him to show
you how he works?”
“How can I ask him?” Yury answered. “You know that
we are competing, so he can’t teach me.”
“I am sorry to hear that,” the old worker said. “You and
Igor are trying to make our factory the best in the country.
You want to give our country more and more good machines.
There mustn’t be any secrets between you. Why can’t you
teach each other?”
Yury thought all day about the old man’s words. He wait-
ed for Igor after work. On the way to their sports club,
he said, “How do you make so many parts, Igor? I have tried
everything, but I can’t make so many. Will you explain
to me how you use your machine — if you want to, of
course?”
75
“All right,” Igor answered, “I have wanted to speak to
you many times, but I wasn’t sure you wanted to talk about
our work.”
The next day Igor showed Yury a different way to work,
and Yury thanked him for his help. After that Yury began
to make more and more machine parts. One day Igor came
to him and said, “You are making more parts than I am. Now
you must teach me your new secrets.”
The boys helped each other, taught each other and learned
from each other. And they were happy, because now they knew
the secret of Communist work—of Communist friendship in
work.
Запомните форму настоящего совершенного времени!
to begine— have/has begun
to draw — have/has drawn
to speak — have/has spoken
25.	Tell the class:
a) What you have already begun to do, but haven't finished.
b) Who you haven't spoken to today, and why not.
26.	Read and translate:
1.	Workers and pupils help each other in their work.
His help is very important for the work of our circle.
2.	Nobody can hear him when he answers.
The teacher always likes Kate’s answers.
3.	Now I cun beginning to understand what you are talking about.
At the beginning of the lesson the teacher wrote the new
words on the blackboard.
4.	1 don’t put on my warm coat in spring.
Why have you put your pens and pencils on the chair,
Mike?
76
27. Look at the pictures and tell the story Soviet Friendship.
77
8Z
| __
Homework
1	.* Перепишите предложения, поставив глаголы в соответ-
ствующем времени:
In our country workers always (to try) to help each
other. Sometimes you can even (to see) them together after
work: nobody in the factory (to want) the other workers to
be behind.
But not everybody (to understand) this. Sometimes young
workers (to think) that if they (to compete), they must
not (to show) their friends how (to use) their machines better.
One day Igor (to say) to Yury, “Let’s (to compete).
We (to work) even better.” So they (to begin) (to compete).
Igor (to make) more parts than Yury. One Sunday Yury
(to go) to Igor and (to say) to him, “I (to know) that we
(to compete). I want you (to help) me. We (to fight-J-not)
each other, we (to compete). We (to want) to make our
factory the best in the country. Will you (to show) me
how to work better?”
Igor (to help) Yury, and Yury (to begin) (to work) even
better than Igor.
2	.* Напишите no предложению co словами: a secret, a work-
shop, rich, even, to use, nobody.
3	.* Прочитайте текст The Old Man’s Secret и ответьте на
вопросы (письменно):
1.	How did good workers do their work many years ago?
2. What words did they use for the words gold and silver?
3. What secret did an old Italian worker know?
4. Who knew how he made the beautiful glass?
5. What did the old man say to his son when he became ill?
6. What happened when he began to tell his son his secrets?
7.	Why didn’t the young man learn the secret of the beau-
tiful glass?
4	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя, где нужно, артикли:
We have read ... story about ... workers, and how
they did their ... work. ... story is about ... old worker
79
who lived ... long time ago. He knew how to make ...
nice things out of ... glass. He was afraid to tell ... secret
to ... other people, because then he could not sell ...
glass for much money. “Everybody will make ... same
glass and nobody will buy ... glass that I make,” he
thought.
The old man had ... son. One day ... old worker
became ill. He made his son wait until ... end of ... day,
because he didn’t want ... other people in ... workshop
to listen to what he was going to tell him. But ... old
worker didn’t know that it was ... last day of his life.
5	.* Выполните классное упражнение 24. Выпишите из текста
по одному предложению со словами: to teach, a turner,
different, any.
6	.* Напишите предложения так, чтобы они соответствовали
содержанию рассказа Soviet Friendship.
1.	Yury and Igor met at their factory for the first time.
2.	The boys worked in different factories.
3.	The boys decided to compete with the other workers.
4.	Yury’s machine always shone, but he didn’t work much.
5.	Igor always won, and Yury was very happy.
6.	The old turner told Yury that he could teach him how
to work better.
7.	Yury said, “Igor can’t teach me, because I know more
than he does.”
8.	Yury forgot the old worker’s words.
9	When Yury asked Igor to tell him his secrets, Igor
became angry.
a workshop
a turner
a secret
the last
different
to teach
(taught)
to listen
to wait
to use
rich
nobody
even
any
so
80
Lesson 8
1.	a) Tell the class how many hours a plane flies from one city to
another.
Example: Planes fly from Leningrad to Moscow in one hour.
b)	Tell the class how many hours your father (or your mother)
works on different days, and from what time to what time.
c)	Tell the class: when you come to school, and how many hours
earlier you get up; when you have supper, and how many
hours later you go to bed.
2.	Say how long it takes to go from one city to another by train,
and how long it takes to fly. Example:
It takes twelve hours to go from Moscow to Kiev by train.
It takes one hour to fly from Moscow to Kiev.
3.	If you have never flown in a plane, say so. If you have flown,
say where, and what you could see under you when you looked
out of the window.
4.	a) Tell the class when the members of your family like to listen
to the radio, b) Tell the class the name of a singer you heard
over the radio not long ago.
5.	Read	lail cry’ briSht’ eye' sbine> smile, buy, fly
the	leil PaSe> ^ке, may, face, radio
words:	[au] brown, mouth, house, cloud, hour
[ei] brave, April, gave, skate, plane
[u:] fruit, blue, drew, threw, flew
[ou] clothes, close, coat, throw, flown
6.	Read and translate:
a scientist ['saiantist]: Alec wants to become a scientist. In old
Russia many scientists were poor. Scientists are sure that
we’ll soon know everything about the moon and the stars.
History tells us about scientists who fought and died for
their ideas.
81
a plane [plem]: My aunt didn’t want us to go by plane. The planes
were so high that we couldn’t see them, but we could hear
them. The collective farmers helped the women to carry the
boxes of apples to the plane. Did everything look different
from the plane? My grandmother can’t eat or rest in a plane.
to fly [flai] (прошедшее время—flew [flu:]); настоящее совер-
шенное время—have/has flown [floun]): I have never yet
flown in my life. My brother is a flyer. He says that he
will teach us to fly. Many heroes of the Soviet Union have
flown thousands and thousands of kilometres. Flying is one
of the favourite sports in our country.
radio ['reidiouj: Are you listening to the radio? We heard
a play over the radio last night. He often sings over the
radio. Radio has become part of everybody’s life. Something
has happened to our radio. They have no radio circle at
their school. The boys decided to make a radio in their
workshop.
an hour ['auaj: half an hour; an hour and a half. The plane
was two hours late, because there was a strong wind. We have
been here more than an hour already. I think that we’ll
finish in an hour. I’ll be at home in an hour.
7.	Tell the class how you helped somebody (at school; at camp;
in the country; on a collective farm; at home). Say who you
helped and why you had to help him (her). Tell the class what
you did.
8.	Ask one of your classmates to let you do something.
Example: Let me help you with your homework, Nick.
9.	a) Say what you (or a member of your family) hope to do or
become.
Example: My brother hopes to become an engineer.
I hope to go to camp next July or August.
b) Say that you (or a member of your family) hope something
will happen.
Example: My mother hopes that my sister will come to
visit us this summer.
82
10.	Tell the class where you were one day when a terrible storm
(a rain storm, a snow storm, a wind storm) began. Say what
happened.
11.	Use the following words and make a story:
a collective farm; far; a little girl; very ill; no doctor; storm;
radio; a flyer; a hospital; to save; life
12.	Read the words:
[o:] autumn, quarter, taught, war, storm
[e] celebrate, friendship, guest, chess, terrible
[ou] notebook, over, slowly, nose, hope
13.	Read and translate:
terrible ['terabl]: a terrible war; a terrible animal; a terrible
fight. It was a terrible day for all of us. We had a terrible
night until the doctor came. The dark forest looked terrible.
a storm [sto:m]: My parents couldn’t come home until the next
morning, because there was a terrible rain storm. In the
story the children lost each other in a storm. The storm
wasn’t over until the next afternoon.
to hope [houp]: They hope to win one of the first places. There
was a terrible snow storm in Mirny, but the people there
hoped to get newspapers, magazines and letters from home
in time. Our hope is to live in peace with all countries.
14.	Use the following words and make a story:
last summer; in the country; one day; a very big forest;
lost our way; a terrible storm; to hope; friends; a dog;
to look for; hours; to find
15.	Read and translate:
1.	When they were half way back, a terrible snowstorm began.
2.	The Belgian1 speaker told the Mirny people about the four
scientists. 3. We have no planes, and we can’t bring our
people back. 4. They will die of the cold. 5. We are happy
to know your people.
1 Belgian ['beldjanJ—бельгийский
83
.16. Read the text. Answer the question:
Why did the Soviet flyers go to the Belgian camp on Decem-
ber 13?
SOVIET PLANE SAVES FOUR BELGIAN
SCIENTISTS
A.	This happened at the other end of the world, in the cold
Antarctic. Four Belgian scientists flew to a place far from their
camp, to do some work there. They finished their work and
began to fly back. But when they were half way back, a ter-
rible snow storm began. Something happened to their plane,
and it fell into the snow.
B.	The scientists knew they could not live many days in
the terrible Antarctic snow fields. Their radio did not work,
and the people in their camp did not know where they were.
They could not walk back to camp. “We can only wait here
and hope that they will find us,” they said.
On December 13 a Soviet engineer at Mirny heard the Bel-
gian camp over the radio. The Belgian speaker told the Mirny
people about the four scientists. At the end he said, “Please
help us! We have no other planes, and we can’t bring our people
back. We can’t even look for them. They will die of the cold
if we can’t save them quickly.”
C.	That same day a Soviet plane flew from Mirny to look
for the scientists. The Soviet flyers looked everywhere. After
many hours Victor Petrov, one of the flyers, saw a little yellow
tent in the snow. “There they are!” he shouted. It was the tent
of the scientists. The Soviet flyers took them into their plane
and two hours later the Belgian scientists were again in their
warm camp with glasses of hot tea in their hands. The Soviet
flyers and the Belgians talked and laughed together.
In a letter to Mirny the Belgians wrote: “Your flyers have
saved the lives of our people. We shall never forget what you
have done for us. We are happy to know your people, and we
shall always be happy to meet them again. Thank you!”
17.	Tell the contents of each part (А, В, C) in two or three sentences.
84
18.	Imagine the following situations:
1.	You are the Soviet engineer in Mirny, and you have heard
over the radio what happened to the Belgian scientists.
Speak to your comrades about it.
2.	You are the flyer Victor Petrov and you have saved the
Belgian scientists. Now you are back in Mirny. Tell your
friends everything that happened.
3.	You are one of the Belgian scientists, and you have come
back to your camp. Tell your friends how the Russian flyers
saved your life and the lives of the other scientists.
|--
Homework
1	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя, где нужно, артикли:
... men have always wanted to fly. ... many years ago
... people tried to fly. They made______different things and
tried to fly with them. Some ... men even jumped from
... trees and ... other high places. There is ... old story
about ... boy in Greece. He flew to ... sun. Later, when
... people began to fly in ... planes, they flew every-
where in ... world. In old times it took many weeks to
go from one city to another. But now it takes only ...
hour to fly from ... Leningrad to ... Moscow. Now
people can fly to ... moon. Yury Gagarin was ... first
man that flew round ... world.
2	.* Напишите несколько предложений co следующими словами:
a plane, to fly, a scientist, an hour (in ... hours), radio.
3	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя слово much или many:
1.	Did ... Soviet champions compete in the last Olympic
games? 2. The skiing competition was not so easy, because
there wasn’t ... snow. 3. How ... times must I tell you
that these flowers do not need ... water, and you mustn’t
plant so ... of them in the same place? 4. The storm
was so terrible and there was so ... noise that we were
afraid. 5. The noise came from the workshops, where ...
85
turners worked. 6. ... athletes from ... countries have
never seen ... snow, and some of them have never even
seen any snow. 7. They go in for ... summer sports, and
they hope to go in for some winter sports too. 8. The
scientists couldn’t go to ... museums or exhibitions, be-
cause they had so ... work to do, but they hoped to go
when they came again in spring.
4	.* Прочитайте текст Soviet Plane Saves Four Belgian
Scientists. Напишите 5 вопросов, которые составили бы
план к этому рассказу.
5	.* Перепишите предложения, добавив к ним такие, которые
были бы с ними логически связаны.
1.	I hope that the new library will open soon.
2.	I hope that you can come to my birthday party.
3.	There was a snow storm.
4.	Men have always wanted to fly.
5.	The Olympic Games competitions began last
Wednesday.
6.	Those flyers were heroes.
7.	I can’t wait two hours for him.
a scientist	the radio
a plane	to fly (flew, flown)
a storm	to let (let)
an hour	to hope
in an hour	terrible
it takes ... (to do something)
Lesson 9
III
1.	Tell the class where you'll go in summer, who you'll go with,
what you'll do there, and when you'll come back home.
В придаточном предложении после союзов
if, when, until вместо будущего времени
употребляется настоящее, например:
If you find good pictures of the pioneer
camp, we’ll put them in our wall news
paper.
He’ll tell you about the meeting when
he sees you tomorrow.
She can’t go to the country until she
gets a letter from her uncle.
2.	Say what you will (or won't) do until your parents come home
from work (your friend comes to your house; summer comes; it
stops raining; snow falls in the park and in the forest).
3.	Tell the class what you will do if you have time tomorrow.
4.	Say what you will do if (when) your friend comes.
5.	Ask your teacher to let you (or some of your classmates) do
something. Don't forget to say please!
Example: Please let me sit with Kate!
87
6.	Read this story.
THE STORY OF ICARUS1
The text that you have read
about the Olympic games is
part of the history of Greece.
Now, we want you to read a
beautiful legend2 that comes
from the same country.
An old man, Daedalus,1 had
only one son, Icarus, a boy
so brave and good that every-
body liked him. Daedalus was
so clever that he could make
any thing with his hands. He watched the birds and saw
that they could fly, because they had wings.2 “If I make
wings,” he thought, “I’ll fly too.” He began to make wings,
bigger than the wings of the birds, and Icarus watched him.
One afternoon the boy said, “Father, when you finish the
wings, please let me fly with them.”
His father didn’t even want to listen to him. “Nobody in
the world has flown yet. You don’t know what will happen
when you begin to fly,” he explained. “Wait until you are
older and stronger.”
But the boy could think only of his new idea, and he
didn’t even hear his father’s words. “Please let me use the
wings, Father!” he asked again and again. “1’11 be ill, if you
don’t let me fly!”
“All right,” Daedalus answered. “But now listen to me! You
may fly everywhere, but you must not fly near the sun. If
you do, the sun will be angry, and he will burn3 your wings.”
With his father’s help, Icarus put on the wings and began
to fly. “How beautiful everything looks from here,” he thought.
“How bright the sun is! How it shines! How beautiful the
1 Icarus f'tkaras]
2 legend ['ledjand]
1	Daedalus {'dedalas]
2	wing [wig]—крыло
3	to burn [ban] —
гореть, сжигать
88
green and blue water is!” Soon he forgot his father’s words
and began to fly higher. He flew higher than the birds,
higher than the white clouds.
But now the sun looked at Icarus with his terrible red
eyes. It became hotter and hotter; Icarus’ wings began to
burn. He could not fly, and he fell into the water and died.
And his poor old father waited and waited, but his son never
came back to him.
7.	Find the correct sentence in each group:
I
1.	The birds taught Daedalus how to make wings.
2.	Daedalus knew how to make wings, because he watched
the birds.
3.	Daedalus had a son who helped him to make wings.
II
1.	Daedalus always wanted his son to fly with the wings.
2.	Daedalus decided never to let his son fly.
3.	Icarus wanted his father to let him fly with the wings.
Ill
1.	Daedalus told	Icarus	not	to	fly	very far.
2.	Daedalus told	Icarus	not	to	fly	near the sun.
3.	Daedalus told	Icarus	not	to	fly	more than an	hour or two.
IV
1.	Icarus was afraid of the sun, he stopped flying and fell
into the water.
2.	Icarus became so tired that he could not fly, and he fell
into the water.
3.	Icarus couldn’t fly home, because his wings began to burn.
8. Make a collective plan of The Story of Icarus.
89
| Q
Homework
1	.* Допишите предложения:
1.	The collective farmers will have a good harvest if ...
2.	When my little sister goes to bed she always says to me,
“I won’t close my eyes until ...”
3.	I won’t give you an apple or any other fruit until ...
4.	My brother will look for your ball when ...
5.	We’ll visit our grandmother and grandfather when ...
6.	We’ll listen to the radio or watch TV until ...
7.	The members of our team won’t take part in the
gymnastics competition until ...
8.	Nobody will teach you to write English if ...
9.	Of course we won’t celebrate my brother’s birthday until ...
2	.* Выпишите из текста The Story of Icarus no одному предло-
жению co словами if, when, until.
3	.* Подготовьте краткий пересказ текста The Story of Icarus
no плану, составленному в классе.
90
Lesson 10
1.	Read and translate:
proud [praud]: The people of Moscow are proud of their beau-
tiful squares and streets, their high buildings and rich mu-
seums. Soviet people are proud to think that their country
is the pioneer of the cosmos.
build [bild] (прошедшее время—built [bilt]): In 1917 the people
of the Soviet Union began to build a new life. We have
built and are building thousands of houses and hundreds
of schools and higher schools.
food [fu:d] (не употребляется с неопределенным артиклем):
Farmers often sent food to Lenin, but Lenin always sent
the food to the children of the city. In the richest capi-
talist countries there are people who haven’t enough food or
clothes.
like: Like all Soviet people, schoolchildren want to do every-
thing for their country. Soviet cities do not look like the
cities of old Russia, and the people in them are not the same.
suddenly ('sadnli]: Chapayev and his brave men came and went
so suddenly that the white army could not stop them.
comrade ['komnd]: After the Revolution Lenin and his com-
rades met to decide how to end the war. “I’ll never forget
Comrade Makarenko,” the boy said. “He helped me and my
comrades to begin a better richer, fuller life.”
2.	Read the words and guess their meaning:
a photographer [fe'togrofa]
a photo correspondent
['foutou .kons'pondant]
a university [,ju:m'va:siti]
to applaud [a'pb:d]
energetic [,епэ'djetik]
a laboratory [la'borotan]
active I'eektiv]
91
3.	Read the text.
A PICTURE OF LENIN
Part One
It was a beautiful summer day in Moscow. The sun shone
brightly, and it made the young photographer happy. He
looked round him and smiled, because he was more than a
photographer, he was “our photo correspondent”—his newspa-
per always wrote that under his pictures.
He didn’t look like the photo correspondents that we
sometimes see now. His clothes were old and bad, and his
camera1 looked like an accordion. But he didn’t think of
these things. He thought of his pictures: “The First Soviet
May Day”; “The First Rest Home”. He was proud of his pic-
tures. And when he thought that now he had to go to an
important meeting in Sverdlov University, to take pictures of
the delegates, he was even more proud.
The meeting was in a very big room in the University.
“Our correspondent” carried his camera from one place to
another., He took pictures of the room, then he took pictures
of the delegates.'Then he began to listen to the speaker.’
“We are building a new life,” the man said. “We fought for
the new life, and now we have won. But we haven’t built
our new cities yet, and the collective farms that will send
1 camera f'ksmara]—фотоаппарат	2 speaker ['sptka]—оратор
92
food to them.” Suddenly he stopped speaking and everybody
stood up and began to applaud.
“Our correspondent” saw an energetic man in a brown suit,
who walked to the platform1 and sat down. He half closed
his clever eyes and looked round the room, and the photogra-
pher could see his face. “That’s Lenin!” he said. “I’ll go back
to the newspaper with a picture of Lenin! Not one of our
photographers has seen Lenin so near!” He took his camera,
but a man behind him said, “Vladimir Ilyich will be angry.
He doesn’t like cameras or pictures.”
When Lenin came out of the big room an hour later, he
saw a young man near the door. The young man had a big
black box that he quickly put behind him. But Lenin saw
the box, and he understood what it was. He looked at the
young man and said only two words: “No pictures!”
The young man was ready to cry. This was the end of
his hopes. He could go home. He had to forget about a pic-
ture of Lenin for his newspaper.
But he didn’t go, he couldn’t. He opened and closed his
mouth two or three times...
Then he said, “Comrade Lenin... Your picture isn’t for
me, it is for everybody!” And the men round Lenin began to
say the same thing. Lenin listened to them and looked at
the young man. He didn’t speak, but his bright, clever eyes
smiled.
“1 don’t like pictures,” he said. “But if it is a picture of
all of us* together ...”
“Our correspondent” became very active. He asked all the
people to stand together, then he ran to his camera and
looked at them from there. He ran back and made some of the
men stand in front and the others behind them. Then he ran
to the camera and looked again. “One minute, please, com-
rades,” he said. “I’ll put another plate2 into the camera, and
then everything will be ready. One more minute ...” Suddenly
he stopped talking. His face became red, then white; so
white that Lenin went quickly to him and asked:
‘‘What has happened, comrade? Are you ill?”
1 platform ['plaet,form] — сцена	2 plate [pleit] — кассета
93
“I have no clean plates in the camera,” the young man
answered. “I have used them all. Now I must put in new
plates.” He looked at the wall, he looked out of the window;
he was. afraid to look at Lenin.
“How long will it take you to put new plates into the
camera?” Vladimir Ilyich asked.
“Ten minutes,” the young man answered.
“I’m sorry,” one of the men said, “we can’t make
Vladimir Ilyich wait! Next time...” He was going to say
more, but Lenin said, “We have some things to talk about,
comrades. It will take ten minutes, and we can talk here.”
4.	Read the text.
A PICTURE OF LENIN
Part Two
“Our correspondent” didn’t wait to hear the end. He took
his camera and a box of plates and ran to the first room in
the corridor. He needed a dark room, where there was no
sun, a room that had no windows. He ran into one room
after another, but the bright summer sun met him at every
door. When he came out of the last room, he suddenly saw
a big box at the end of the corridor. He ran to it, jumped
in and closed it.
Some minutes later “our correspondent” jumped out of the
box. His eyes and his face were red and his hair and his suit
weren’t clean, but he smiled and shouted, “It was dark, very
dark! Everything is all right now!” And he ran to the other end
of the corridor, where he could see Lenin with his comrades.
♦ * *
He ran all the way home, to the little room that was his
bedroom and his laboratory at the same time. He took the
plates out of his camera and found the important plate with
Lenin’s picture on it. He worked on it a long time, and when
the faces began to show he began to sing a happy song.
The next morning he took the best two pictures and put
them in a letter. Now he had to write the address. He thought
about it, then smiled and wrote: LENIN.
94
That was all! That was the address! “With this address,” he
thought, “you may send a letter from any part of the world:
I’m sure Lenin will get it!”
A year after this an artist1 came to Lenin and asked him
for a picture. “1 want to draw a picture of you,” he said.
“I know you don’t like pictures of yourself,2 but if you have
one... please...”
Lenin took a picture out of a letter on his desk and gave
it to the artist. “A young comrade took this picture in Sverd-
lov University!” he said. He smiled; he remembered “our cor-
respondent’s” face when he saw that there were no clean
plates in his camera.
1 artist ['attst] — художник 2 yourself [joi'self]—свои
Homework
1	.* Прочитайте текст A Picture of Lenin (Part One) и
ответьте на вопросы (устно):
1.	How did Vladimir Ilyich help the young man?
2.	Do you know another story that shows that Lenin
was always ready to help people?
2	.* Прочитайте текст A Picture of Lenin (Part Two) и
ответьте на вопросы (устно):
1.	Why did people everywhere in the world know Lenin’s
address?
2.	Do you know another story that shows that Lenin
never forgot people?
suddenly
proud
like
a corridor
comrade
food
to build (built)
95
Lesson 11
1.	Tell the class about an island you have seen or read about.
Speak about the colour of the sea round the island, how far it
is from the coast, how often ships go to the island and where
they come from.
2.	Read the words:
[ou] sold, nose, close, coat, coast
[i:] meet, clean, read, team, sea
[ai] bright, white, side, tie, island
[i] history, children, rich, film, ship
3.	Read and translate:
the coast [koust]: We can’t swim here, the water near the
coast isn’t clean. The city is far from the coast. People
go to the coast by bus.
an island ['ailondj: When the scientists came to the island,
they didn’t find any people there. England is an island
country. You can see the island from the coast.
a ship [Jip]: Something happened to the ship, and it was two
hours late. You can go there only by ship. There was a
big room on the ship where we played chess, read books,
wrote letters.
the sea [si:]: the North Sea; the Red Sea; the Black Sea. The
wind is coming from the sea, I think it’s going to rain.
We went to Odessa by sea. Many ships lost their way in
the terrible storm at sea. Did the sea look beautiful in
the morning? How many days were you at sea?
4.	Listen to the teacher's story. Ask questions for more informa-
tion.
5.	Tell the class what interesting or beautiful place you passed
on the way somewhere.
6.	Say that you wanted to continue to do something, when some-
thing suddenly happened that made you do something different.
96
7.	Read the words:
[ou] ago, nose, those, notebook, sold, soldier
[ct] yard, car, dance, star, glass, pass
[i]	minute, exhibition, tradition, building, continue
8.	Read and translate:
a soldier ['souldga]: There were two soldiers on duty in front
of the door. When the war was over, thousands of soldiers
went back to work on collective farms. We have pictures
at school of brave soldiers who died for their country.
All Soviet soldiers go in for sports.
to pass [pets]: The train passes our camp every afternoon. If
you go by tram, you will pass Peace Square. July and
August passed quickly, and we had to go back to school.
The soldiers let nobody pass.
to continue [kan'tinju:]: The gymnastics competition is con-
tinuing; it will be over on Friday. My parents want me
to continue to learn English after I finish school. The
meeting yesterday continued until a quarter past five.
He isn’t a champion now, but he continues to take part
in table tennis competitions.
9.	Read and translate:
1.	It began to snow and rain together. The collective farmers
were afraid of the snow and the cold rain.
2.	The cold strong wind threw everything out of their hands.
Birds that cannot live in the cold fly to the south in winter.
3.	“I hope our friends will find us,” Fedotov thought. “We
must not lose hope” Ziganshin said.
4.	One day our class decided to visit the house where Tolstoy
lived. I can give you this magazine for only one day.
10.	Read the following sentences and guess the meaning of the
words that you don't know:
1.	The Kuril [ku'riil] Islands are between Kamchatka and
Sakhalin.
2.	Sergeant ['sadgant] Ivanov was a very brave soldier.
3.	The little barge [bads] was in the sea for1 forty-nine days.
1 for — в течение
97
11.	Read and translate:
1.	Suddenly a strong wind threw everything out of his hands.
2.	The wind carried the barge farther and farther from
the coast.
3.	All that day the soldiers had to fight the terrible sea.
4.	They had a hot dinner—the first time in four days!
12.	Read the text.
FOUR SOVIET HEROES
Part One
On January 17, 1961, four young Soviet soldiers were on
duty on a barge near the coast of the Kuril Islands. One of
them was Sergeant Ziganshin, the other three were Ivan
Fedotov, Philip Poplavsky and Anatoly Kruchkovsky.
On January 17, Kruchkovsky got up earlier than the other
three soldiers and began to make breakfast. Suddenly a strong
wind threw everything out of his hands, and he fell down.
It was the beginning of a winter storm. The wind became even
stronger, and it carried the barge farther and farther from
the coast. It began to rain and snow together, and it was so
dark that the soldiers could not see each other. Soon the
barge was full of water. All that day the soldiers had to
fight the terrible sea.
Hours passed. The soldiers could hear their friends over
the radio: “Barge T-36! T-36! Where are you? Answer!” But
they could not answer, and Ziganshin explained, “Something
has happened to our radio. We can hear them, but they can’t
hear us.”
For two days the soldiers fought the sea and the wind.
They were cold and hungry and tired, but they could not eat
or rest or sleep. At the end of the second day, the storm
stopped, and they could look round them. There was water
on all sides, they were in the open sea. There was snow
everywhere on the barge. Again over the radio they heard:
“T-36! T-36! Where are you?” But they could not answer.
After some hours the storm began again, and again the
soldiers had to fight for their lives. They continued to throw
98
Barge Т-Зб.
water out of the barge until the fourth day, when the storm
stopped and they could sit down and rest. They made a fire
and had a hot dinner — the first time in four days! After
dinner Sergeant Ziganshin said, “Now, listen to me, boys!
I’m sure our people have sent ships and planes, and they
are looking for us everywhere. But the storm has carried us
very far, and it won’t be easy to find us. The storm isn’t
over yet, and we must remember that we haven’t much food!”
“And not much water,” one of the soldiers laughed and
said: “And there is so much water everywhere round us!”
Their friends on the island sent planes and ships to look
for the barge. When the storm stopped, they sent more ships
and more planes. They spoke over the radio to people on the
other islands and asked them to look for the barge. Then,
one day, some soldiers found a part of the barge on the coast,
with T-36 on it. “We have lost them,” one of the soldiers said.
“They have died in the sea.” But the others answered, “No!
We must continue to look for them. We must not lose hope!”
13.	Say as many sentences as you can remember about each of the
following points in the story:
1.	The beginning of the storm.
2.	The soldiers’ life on the barge.
3.	Their friends on the island.
99
14.	Make sentences:
water,
time.
We’ll
They’ll
need
a little more
money.
meat,
food,
soup.
15.	a) Tell the class what you do less often this year than last
year.
b) Tell the class what you have less time to do now than
in summer.
16.	Complete the sentences:
1.	I didn’t do anything, because ...
2.	We couldn’t see anything, because ...
3.	There isn’t anything we can do, until ...
4.	He decided not to say anything, because ...
5.	Aunt won’t give you anything for your birthday, if ...
17.	Listen to the story. Answer the questions:
1.	Why wasn’t Robinson’s life easy when he came
to the island?
2.	What made Robinson’s life easier after some time?
18.	Read the words:
[e] yellow, desk, bench, pen, tent, anything, American
[e] member, men, pen-friend, Wednesday, present
[u:J Zoo, blue, drew, soup
[i:J these, compete, clean, season, east, meat
[ei] page, today, skate, place, name, potato
19.	Read and translate:
soup [su:p] (не употребляется с неопределенным артиклем);
meat [mi:t] (не употребляется с неопределенным артиклем);
a potato [pa'teitou]: May I have some more soup, please?
No, don’t eat any more soup. We are going to have meat
and potatoes, and then we’ll have tea and cake. Don’t
give me so much meat and so many potatoes, I’m not hungry.
100
a little; less: We have less people now, so we’ll need a little
more time to finish the work. With this new machine the
turner makes more parts in less time. I have had some
rest, and I’m a little less tired now. Why do you think
this question is less important?
a present ['prezontj; anything ['eniOigJ: We wanted to buy
Grandmother a present for Woman’s Day, but we couldn’t
find anything nice. Why didn’t you tell me anything
about the presents you got for your birthday?
east [i:st]: The wind was from the east. The ship was on the
way to the Far East. The island is to the east of England.
The east wind often brings rain. We went north-east.
20.	Read the text.
FOUR SOVIET HEROES
Part Two
A.	Life on the barge continued. Every day they had less
food and less	water. At the	beginning they had soup	every
day, but then	they	had soup	every second day. At the be-
ginning they ate bread with their soup, but then there was
no bread. The	first	days there was a little meat in the	soup,
but then there	was	no meat,	only some potatoes. “We	shall
eat our last potatoes soon,” they thought. “And what then?”
B.	The storm began again, and it continued day after day.
The wind carried the barge south-east, where there were no
ships. The soldiers had less and less hope, but they never
showed it to each other. Ziganshin always tried to find work
for everybody. One evening, after a very bad day, the sol-
diers sat down in a circle and looked at each other. They
were tired and did not talk. Suddenly Ziganshin smiled and
said, “Let’s rest, boys. Tomorrow is a holiday.”
“A holiday?” Kruchkovsky asked. “What holiday?”
“It’s a secret,” Ziganshin answered. “Wait until tomorrow.”
C- The next day, January 27, was Anatoly Kruchkovsky’s
twenty-first birthday, and Ziganshin decided to celebrate it.
He put eight potatoes into their “soup”—four more than they
101
used on other days. They wanted to give Kruchkovsky more
soup and more water, but he did not take it. “You can give
me presents on my birthday at home,” he explained. “We are
all the same here, and I don’t want to be different, even on
my birthday!”
D.	Days and weeks passed. How slowly the time passed!
The young soldiers had less food and less water; they were
ill and could not stand. But they never forgot that they were
Young Communists, the sons of the Soviet Union and the
Communist Party. They knew Lenin’s ideas about Communist
friendship, they knew that Comsomols must be ready to give
their life for their country and for each other. There were
some old magazines and newspapers on the barge, and they
read to each other. They told their favourite stories and sang
songs. And they talked about their families and friends, and
about the green forests and fields and rivers of their dear country.
They smiled and laughed, and there was never a bad word
between them.
So February passed, and March began. It became warmer.
Three times they saw ships, but the ships were very far, and
they did not see the little barge. But the four brave men
did not lose hope. “It is spring already,” Fedotov said. “Now,
there will be more and more ships.”
E.	On March 6 Ziganshin heard a noise in the sky, and
the noise came nearer. It was a plane from an American
aircraft carrier.1 The plane flew round the barge and then
back to the ship. Then more planes came, and they took the
four young men to the American ship. The doctors and the
men on the ship took care of the Soviet soldiers. They gave
them food and clothes. The four men slept and rested. Now
the days passed quickly; soon the ship brought them to San
Francisco.
F.	When they came to San Francisco, everybody wanted
to see the Soviet heroes and to hear the story of their forty-
nine days in the terrible sea. One American newspaper re-
porter2 said, “We know that sometimes, when people haven’t
anything to eat, they forget that they are people. They be-
1 aircraft carrier ['eakraft'kaenaj —авианосец 2 reporter [n'pate]—репортер
102
come animals and eat each other. What made you so strong
in your fight with the sea?”
“We are Soviet people,” Ziganshin answered. "Of course,
we all wanted to live, but nobody tried to have more food
or more water than the others.”
Ziganshin was right. The soldiers’ friendship was stronger
than the sea and the wind and the cold. Our Soviet life
teaches us that friendship is the best thing in .the world.
| Q
Homework
1	.* Перепишите предложения, поставив глаголы в соответст-
вующем времени:
"... you (to read) the story of Robinson Crusoe?”
"No, I haven’t, but I (to read) it now. Robinson Crusoe
(to be) the story of a man who (to live) many years on an
island. At the beginning there (to be) nobody there. Robin-
son (to bring) many things from a ship that (to be) in the
sea near the coast, and he (to bu ild) a house. Then one day
he (to save) the life of a black man. Robinson (to give) him
the name Friday, because he (to find) him on Friday. He
(to teach) him the English language.”
“Can you (to show) me the book?”
"I (to bring + not) it with me. I (to give) it to you
tomorrow.”
2	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя, где нужно, артикли:
On Saturday my sister and I sometimes go to our aunt and
uncle’s house. It takes us half ... hour by ... bus or by
... tram. Last Saturday we went there too. I like to go to
their house, because we always have ... nice time there.
We don’t know the address very well. We know ... name of
... street, and .. . number of... house, but we always for-
get ... number of ... flat. On our way we pass ...
Museum of Revolution. I wanted to go into ... museum,
but it was five o’clock already. “Aunt will be angry if
we come late,” my sister said. So we continued our way.
When we came in, ... supper was ready. ... food was
103
on ... table. We took off our coats and sat down. We
told my aunt about ... museum, and she said, “All right,
girls! Tomorrow is ... Sunday, and we’ll all go together.
Your uncle fought in ... Revolution, and he likes to go there.”
3	.* Прочитайте текст Four Soviet Heroes (Part One) и выпи-
шите предложения, которые соответствуют данным рус-
ским предложениям:
1.	Внезапно ветер стал еще сильнее.
2.	Спустя несколько часов буря началась опять.
3.	Однажды солдаты нашли на берегу часть баржи
с надписью Т-36.
4.	Вплоть до четвертого дня они продолжали вычер-
пывать воду из баржи.
4	.* Выполните письменно классное упражнение 16.
5	.* Напишите по-английски:
много масла; много мяса; много хлеба; много супа; много
воды; много пищи; много фруктов; много стекла; много
травы; много чая; много золота; много стульев; много меся-
цев; много окон; много ночей; много яблок; много ящиков;
много подарков; много учеников; много пионеров; много
заводов
6	.* Прочитайте текст Four Soviet Heroes (Part Two). Пере-
дайте основное содержание каждой части (А, В, С, D,
Е, F) двумя-тремя предложениями.
-------------------------л
east
an island
the coast
the sea
a ship
a soldier
a potato
a present
soup
meat
to pass
to continue
a little
less
anything
American
104
Lesson 12
1.	Imagine that you were among the brave soldiers. Answer the
questions that the class ask you:
1)	about the place where you lived when you were small
2)	about your family
3)	about your school days, what you liked to do, and what
you liked to read
4)	about what you thought all the time on the barge
2.	Прочитайте эти примеры и скажите, при помощи каких
суффиксов образуются сравнительная и превосходная
степени прилагательных:
old — older — the oldest
hot — hotter — the hottest
big — bigger — the biggest
easy — easier — the easiest
nice — nicer — the nicest
good — better — the best
3.	Imagine that you are talking with a visitor to your city.
Tell him where the biggest cinema or theatre is, the best
shop, the newest school, the oldest building, the best museum.
Then explain the easiest way to go to one of these places.
4.	Tell the class what you usually do at different times of the
day. If you are going to do something different today or
tomorrow, explain why.
5.	Tell the class what you (or a member of your family) usu-
ally do before you go to school (before you have dinner, be-
fore you go to bed, etc.).
6.	Say that you refused to do something (or go somewhere) with
one of your friends. Explain why.
105
7.	a) Learn the dialogue:
—Let’s go to the skating-rink!
— I’d like to, but it’s too cold.
— Then let’s go to the cinema!
— That’s a good idea!
b) Make up dialogues like the dialogue in exercise a.
Add something about where to meet, and when.
8.	Read the words:
[o:] form, ball, north, fought, before
[ju:] suit, beautiful, duty, refuse, usually
[a] pass, yard, park, party, garden, army
9.	Read and translate:
usually ['jurjuali]: I usually come to school at twenty min-
utes past eight, but sometimes I come a little earlier.
It usually takes me half an hour to go to the library.
to refuse [n'fju:z]: They won’t refuse to let us take books
from the library. He never refuses to do anything we ask.
too [tu:]: It is too late to finish everything today, let’s
continue tomorrow. Mother refused to go to the country
with us last Sunday, because she had too much work to do.
before [bi'fo:]: Do you usually take a picture of your class
before you go to camp in summer? Before the Revolu-
tion workers in factories worked ten and twelve hours
a day. Have you seen the play before?
army ['ami]: There are thousands of heroes in our Soviet
Army. We won’t need an army when there is Socialism
and peace everywhere in the world. He was twenty-one
years old when he came home from the army.
10.	Read the following problems and give answers:
1.	My brother wants to buy a basket-ball that costs four
roubles. If Mother gives him one rouble, and Father
gives him two roubles, how much money will he need?
2.	There are twelve pages in this story. I must read it in
two days. If I read half of it today, how many pages
must I read tomorrow?
106
3.	We need eleven members for our football team. If we
find five players in our class, how many more will we need?
4.	Our athletes won seven gold and silver medals in the
last competition. If they win eight more medals this
year, how many medals will our team have?
5.	There are one hundred books in my grandfather’s library.
If I read twenty books every year, in how many years
will I read all of them?
11. Read the words:
laconic [la'konik]
Spartans ['spatanz]
Lacons ['leikanzl
Laconia [la'kounja]
Philip ['filip]
Macedonia [,maesi'dounja]
12.	Read the text. Answer the question: Why do we say that
an answer with not many words is a laconic answer?
A LACONIC ANSWER
The city of Sparta was in Laconia, so people sometimes
gave the Spartans the name Lacons. The Lacons never spoke
much,and they taught their children not to use more words than they
needed. “If you listen more and speak less,” they said, “you
will learn many things. People that talk too much are usually
not very clever!” So, it became a tradition in Laconia to try
to use less words. And even now we say that an answer in
not many words is a laconic answer.
Philip, the king1 of Macedonia, hoped to become the king
of all Greece. He took city after city, until he came to La-
conia. When he was already near Sparta, he sent a letter to
the Spartans. “My army is the biggest, and my soldiers are
the strongest in the world,” he wrote. “And the highest city
walls cannot stop them. You must open your doors to me.
If you refuse, there will be a war, and if I win, all of you
will die. Send your answer to me before I come to Sparta!”
After some days the brave Spartans sent Philip an answer.
When Philip opened the letter, he found only one word in it.
That word was if.	i king-царь
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| Q
Homework
1	.* Прочитайте и переведите (устно):
1.	It’s good meat, but we can’t make soup out of it.
2.	Let’s make meat soup with potatoes.
3.	The doctor made him eat less soup and more potatoes.
4.	She speaks a little English, but she understands it very
well.
5.	She was a little afraid to ski in the dark forest, and
decided to go skating on the lake.
6.	In winter the sun shines only a little less than in other
seasons.
7.	The flag that we’ll carry in the demonstration is a
present from our pen-friends in Leningrad.
8.	One day he met a man from the East who told him
that he was from “the country of the morning sun”.
9.	Like other older people, my grandfather began to walk
less and went to work more often by tram or bus.
2	.* Напишите предложения, подобрав к каждому из них
подходящее по смыслу предложение из второго столбика:
The Soviet Union won the
war in 1945.
It so happened that my big
sister refused to go to the
country with us last summer.
It was very hot in June and
July.
Our class usually cleans the
walls, the desks, the door
and sometimes even the win-
dows in our classroom before
we go for our holidays.
So, when we come back and
begin our lessons, everything
looks bright and clean round
us.
The harvest was not very
good, because there was too
much sun and too little rain.
It has become a tradition in
the Soviet Union to celebrate
May 9 every year.
My brother and I had to help
our parents. We cleaned the
house and bought food for
two days.
108
3.* Допишите предложения:
1.	We’ll be late for the performance if ...
2.	You will forget the address if ...
3.	I’ll continue to help her until ...
4.	I’ll explain all the new words to you when ...
5.	I’ll go in for gymnastics if ...
6.	He will go to the exhibition when ...
to refuse
an army
usually
I’d like
too much
a rouble
before
(to do)
109
Lesson 13
1.	Tell the story A Laconic Answer. Use the following words:
in Laconia; the name Lacons; never spoke much; taught;
if you listen; it became a tradition; he took city after city;
Philip, the king of Macedonia; if you refuse; to become;
opened the letter; until; if I win; found
2.	Say what sports most of the boys or girls in your school (your
class, your street, your house) go in for.
3.	a) Tell the class what you did most of the time last winter
and last summer.
b) Tell your classmates what you like to do most of all.
4.	a) Say what you did almost every day last summer.
b) Say what almost all the boys or girls in your class like to do.
5.	Read the words:
[i] visit, sing, swim, film, England, kilometre
[л] run, suddenly, won, son, London
[ге] happy, animal, athlete, champion, map, capital
[a:] taught, August, fought, storm, port
le] terrible, red, present, yet, chess, rest, west
[ai] eye, fly, die, white, night, light
[э:] war, form, quarter, thought, bought, almost
6.	Read and translate:
At our history lesson yesterday we looked at all the countries
on a big map. There were stars on the map to show the capi-
tals of the countries. Moscow is a very important capital in
the east of Europe ('juarap], and London is one of the biggest
capitals in the west. London is 2,500 kilometres west of Moscow.
London is one of the biggest ports of England.
light [lait]: Don’t write there, the light is not good. Do you
need more light for this work? I think they have gone
to bed already; there is no light in the window. The
110
light of the moon fell on the trees. Everything looked
different in the morning light. It was already light when
they stopped working.
almost f'o.lmoust]: It was a beautiful day, with a bright sun
and almost no wind. It snowed almost all of February.
I almost forgot to take money with me. The four brave
soldiers almost lost their lives in the sea.
most [moustj: Most of my friends are good athletes. Most of us
like stories about heroes of the sea. We took most of these
pictures at night. It rained most of the time. Is this the
most interesting story in the magazine? London is the most
important city in England. What sports do you like most
of all?
7.	a) Read and translate the words:
geography [dsi'ografi] climate ['klaimit]
b) Read these geographical names:
the British Isles ['bntij 'ailz]— Британские острова
the United Kingdom [ju:'naitid 'kirjdam]—Объединенное
королевство
Great Britain ['greit'britn] —Великобритания
Ireland ['aialand] —Ирландия
Scotland ['skotland] — Шотландия
Wales [weilz] — Уэльс
the Atlantic Ocean [at'laentik 'oujon] — Атлантический океан
8.	Listen to the story about the map of England. Answer the
questions about the geography of England.
9.	Read the text.
AN ISLAND COUNTRY
Part One
We are going to show you four maps of the same country —
England. We need four maps, because people sometimes say
England when they want to speak of the British Isles, or the
United Kingdom, or Great Britain. The four maps will show
the part of the country that is England.
Ill

The British Isles.
Great Britain.
The United Kingdom.
England.

The first is a map of the British Isles. The big island is
Great Britain. The smaller island is Ireland. Great Britain is the
biggest island in the British Isles.
There are very many small islands —almost five thousand of
them — in the sea near the coast of Great Britain. They are parts
of the British Isles too.
Now, look at the second map. The dark parts of it show the
island of Great Britain and the north of Ireland. Together,
they give you a picture of the United Kingdom.
Now, if you look at the third map—the map of Great
Britain—you will see that Great Britain is the big island and
all the little islands near it. But the north of Ireland is not
in Great Britain.
If you look at the fourth map, you will see that England
is a country in the south of Great Britain. The other two
112
countries on the island are Scotland and Wales. Scotland is
to the north of England, and Wales is to the west.
The North sea is to the east of England, and the Atlantic
Ocean is to the west. South of England is the English Channel.1
So, there is water on three sides of England; there is no place
in England that is more than sixty or seventy kilometres from
the sea.
England is not a cold country. In the south people usually
do not see snow. In winter there is snow only in the north
and north-west. But the wind from the Atlantic Ocean brings
rain. In spring and summer it sometimes rains three or four
or even more times a day. And in autumn and winter there
is often cold rain and grey fog.2 There are lights in the houses
and shop windows and in the streets even in the morning and
afternoon. Even with the lights in the streets, it is so dark
that cars and buses must go very slowly, and people can see
each other only when they are very near.
Most of the people in England live and work in cities.
This picture from an English magazine shows how many people
live in the country, and how many live in cities. More than
eight million people live in London, the capital of England.
80% live in cities.
20% live in the country.
10.	Say what you know about:
1)	the geography of England
2)	the climate in different parts
of the country
3)	the number of people in dif-
ferent parts of the country
11.	a) Say that you haven’t (or
hadn’t) enough people (things,
money) for something.
b) Say that you haven’t (or
hadn’t) enough time (money,
people) to do something, and
explain why.
1	the English Channel [tfsenl]— Ламанш
2	fog—туман
113
12.	Tell the class about something that took you almost a whole
hour (day, week) to do. Explain why.
13.	Read the words:
[ou] throw, hope, nose, coat, coast, road, whole
[dg] June, July, page, language, bridge
[э:] talk, brought, sports, port, short
[л] supper, young, under, uncle, club, enough
[i] rich, building, win, ill, milk
14.	Read and translate:
milk [milk] (не употребляется с неопределенным артиклем):
May I have some milk, please? I don’t think there is any
milk in the house.
vegetables ['vedgitablz]: Did the schoolchildren plant these
vegetables? Children need much milk and many vegetables.
Have you a vegetable garden at your school?
a bridge [bridg]: Kuznetsky Most in Moscow got the name from
a bridge that was there many years ago. The brave man
jumped from the bridge into the water and saved the boy.
a road [roud]: We asked some men to show us the road to the
collective farm. The country road was always very bad after
the rain. Is this the right road to the pioneer camp?
enough [i'nAf]: I don’t want any more cake, thank you; I’ve
had enough. Is there enough food for so many guests? —
Yes, there is more than enough. Get up! You have slept
enough.
short [Jo:!]: Every time I wash this dress, it becomes shorter
and shorter. December 22 is the shortest day of the year.
whole [houl]: She translated a whole page in forty-five minutes.
What did you do in the country the whole month? The
whole country celebrates Lenin’s birthday on the 22nd of
April.
15.	a) Read and centre ['senta] one-third; one-tenth
translate:	industrial [m'dAstrral] revolution
b) Read the following geographical names:
South America [э'тепкэ]	Romans ['roumanz]
The United States [ju:'naitid 'steits] Canada ['kaenada]
114
16.	Read and translate:
1.	Thousands and thousands of men and women work in the
factories, and the things that they make go to countries
everywhere.
2.	We know that the industrial revolution came to England
first.
3.	To find the answer to this question, we must remember that
in old times England was not an industrial country.
4.	The Romans built many roads from the bridge into the
whole country round.
5.	From there the way to Europe was the shortest.
6.	Very early in history London became England’s biggest
port and most important city.
17.	Read the text.
AN ISLAND COUNTRY
Part Two
The north of England is a country of factories. You can
hear the noise of machines everywhere, from morning until
night, and in some places all night too. Thousands and thousands
of men and women work in the factories, and the things that
they make go to countries everywhere.
England began to make machines and build factories earlier
than other countries. More than a hundred years ago, English
people began to say, “Our country is the workshop of the
world.” Of course England is not the workshop of the world
today. But we know that the industrial revolution came to
England first, that England was a pioneer in industry.
We have already said that the people of the north are
factory workers. In the south the people are farmers, and they
send meat and milk and vegetables and fruit to London and
other big cities.
England has many small farms, but not enough big farms,
so English farmers cannot send enough food for the millions
of workers in the cities. England gets only one-third of her
bread and meat from her farms, and only one-tenth of the
115
butter that she needs. Every day big ships come to English
ports with food from Canada and the United States and South
America. Every day smaller ships bring food from Europe to
London and other English ports.
London, the capital of England, is on the Thames river,
50 kilometres from the sea. People sometimes ask, “Why did
London, a city in the south-east of England and not near the
centre, become the capital?”
To find the answer to this question, we must remember
that in old times England was not an industrial country. There
were less people, and they lived in the warmer parts of
England. In the south and east they could plant grain1 and
get food easier. The place on the Thames river where London
now stands was very important. There was a good port there
for ships that came from Europe. People came to the Thames
to sell things and to buy the things that the ships brought
from other countries.
Where London now stands, there was a good place for a
bridge. The Romans that came to England almost two thousand
years ago built the first bridge there. They built many roads
from the bridge into the whole country round. The most
important road was the road from the London bridge to the
south-east coast of England, because from there the way to
Europe was the shortest.
Very early in history London became England’s biggest
port and most important city. Today London is one of the
most important cities in the world.
18.	Speak about the capital of England:
1.	Say what part of the country it is in, what river it is on,
whether it is near or far from the sea and whether it is a port.
2.	Say whether London has always been the capital of England.
3.	Say whether there are any beautiful houses and buildings
in London, any beautiful parks and squares. Do you know
the names of any historical places in London?
1 grain [grein]—зерно
116
| Q
Homework
1	.* Допишите предложения:
1.	Everybody wanted to take part in the excursion, so ...
2.	Scientists, engineers and workers work together and ...
3.	I listened to an English story over the radio and
understood almost everything, because ...
4.	My grandfather watched his favourite hockey team on
TV and was angry, because ...
5.	Most of the faces that Mike drew had funny ears,
mouths, and noses, so ...
6.	Their friendship is no secret to most of us, they ...
7.	Гт sorry I couldn’t come to the last meeting ...
2	.* Прочитайте текст An Island Country (Part One). Вы-
пишите из текста no одному предложению со словами:
capital, тар, west, light, most, usually, million, almost.
3	.* Перепишите предложения. Добавьте к ним такие, ко-
торые были бы с ними логически связаны.
1.	Maps show many different things.
2.	On June 22 it is light even at ten o’clock in the
evening.
3.	My parents and I like to go to the country for the
whole day in summer.
4.	We haven’t enough people for our performance.
5.	London is the capital and one of the biggest seaports
of England.
6.	Rich people live in the West End and poor people live
in the East End of London.
4	.* Прочитайте текст An Island Country (Part Two) и
ответьте на вопросы (устно):
1.	What can you say about the north of England?
2.	Why is the south of England different from the north?
3.	What can you say about the south of England?
4.	Where does England get the food that she needs?
5.	Where is London?
6.	Why did London become the capital of England?
117
5	.* Допишите предложения:
1.	It rained almost the whole summer» so ...
2.	I have enough notebooks at home, so ...
3.	We couldn’t find the right road, so ...
4.	There was no bridge there, so ...
5.	We must take better care of our vegetable garden if ..
6.	The film was very short, so ...
7.	I’ll have a little milk, but I don’t want anything
to eat ...
the capital	vegetables	most
the centre	milk	almost
a kilometre	the west	enough
a million	a map	whole
geography	a port	short
a road	a bridge	London
light	America	England
the United States
118
Lesson 14
1.	Speak about Leningrad, the hero-city of the Soviet Union.
1.	Say what part of the country it is in, what river it is on,
whether it is near or far from the sea, and whether it is
a port.
2.	Speak about historical places of Leningrad. What do you
know about new parts of the city, new buildings (schools,
hospitals, cinemas, theatres)?
2.	a) Tell the class what lessons are the most difficult for you
this year, and how long it usually takes you to do your
homework.
b) Tell the class what game or sport you think it is simple
to learn, and what is more difficult.
3.	Ask your classmates questions about the colour of things.
Example:
What colour is your mother’s hair?
It’s dark brown, almost black.
4.	Compare things in different seasons or in different parts of
the country; or compare two people.
5.	Read the words:
[e] friendship, vegetables, west, sell, chemistry
[a] pass, grass, harvest, star, art
[л] some, suddenly, won, London, colour
[i]	ship, bridge, milk, simple, difficult
6.	Read and translate:
art [at]: Many Soviet people take part in art competitions in
other countries. We learned something about the history
of Russian art in our art circle. He likes to read books
on art.
simple [simpl]: Try to say the same thing in simple language.
It is simpler to go there by plane than by car, because
119
the roads are bad. I think they simply don’t know anything
about flowers or how to plant them.
chemistry ['kemistri]: Chemistry is very important in industry.
We have chemistry lessons at half past eight on Tuesday
and Thursday.
colour ['кл1э]: What colour is your new coat? Don’t use
bright colours when you draw pictures of autumn. Do you
remember the colour of her eyes?
difficult ['difikalt]: It is difficult to compete with strong teams.
English is more difficult for me than geography or
chemistry.
7.	Say what you think anybody would like to do (to become; where
anybody would like to go) and explain why.
8.	Tell the class that you came to a place where you didn't know
anybody (or where you didn't see anybody you knew). Say
what you did.
9.	Say that somebody told you something.
10.	Read the words:
[i:] peace, meat, east, leaf, Negro
[i]	milk, film, rich, wind, principal
11.	Read and translate:
leaf [li:f] (pl — leaves [li:vz]): After the storm at the beginning
of October, there were no leaves on the trees. When
children come home from the forest in autumn, their hands
are full of beautiful yellow, brown and red leaves.
the principal ['pnnsipal]: Kate wanted the whole circle to speak
to the principal about the play. The principal made
everybody come a whole hour earlier on Thursday.
somebody ['sAmbadi]: Somebody must be on duty tomorrow
from eight to nine. If you are not at home yet, I’ll give
the cake and fruit to somebody there.
anybody ['embodij: There wasn’t anybody here a quarter of
an hour ago. You won’t find anybody in the factory at
nine o’clock in the evening. Is anybody tired?
120
Remember! We don’t use of after the words everybody,
nobody, somebody, anybody. Compare:
Somebody is ill.	Some of the g*rls are ilL
One of the girls is ill.
The teacher refused to let The teacher refused to let any
anybody go home early.	of the pupils go home early.
Soon everybody forgot Soon all of us forgot about it.
about it.
12.	Read and translate the following sentences.
Negroes have lived in America more than two hundred years.
Thousands of students ['stju:dants] in this country are good
athletes, and many are even champions.
1.	Nancy Johnson was good friends with all the boys and
girls in her class.
2.	Nancy never thought that she was different from the other
pupils.
3.	Your picture must be your idea, a part of you.
4.	Your parents won’t have to pay1 for the first year.
5.	The principal has something to tell you, Nancy!
6.	The principal smiled at Nancy from behind her desk.
13.	Read the text.
NANCY’S BEST PICTURE
Part One
Nancy Johnson was good friends with all the boys and girls
in her class. She had a nice face and beautiful eyes. She spoke
less than the other girls, but she played basket-ball better
than most of them. Nancy took part in everything at school,
and she never thought she was different from the other pupils,
because she was a Negro girl.
1 to pay [pel]—платить
121
Miss Dietrich, Nancy’s favourite teacher, taught her drawing.
She taught Nancy how to take an idea and make a picture
out of it. “Your picture must be your idea, a part of you,”
Miss Dietrich said. She taught Nancy that it is difficult to
draw a good picture. “Your picture must not only look nice,”
Miss Dietrich said. “You must work at it until the picture
begins to live, until it is not like any other picture in the world.”
Nancy understood Miss Dietrich, and she was always happy
when she began to draw a new idea.
Nancy had a secret that only Miss Dietrich knew. She
wanted to go to the City Art School when she finished school.
She knew, of course, that her father didn’t have enough money
to send her there. But every year there was a schoolchildren’s
drawing competition at the Art School. The winner could go
to the school and did not have to pay for the first year. Miss
Dietrich and Nancy wanted to send Nancy’s best picture to
the Art School competition.
Nancy’s best picture was very simple. It was a picture of
the city park on an early spring day. The picture was full of
light and colour. There were silver clouds in the bright blue
sky. There were no leaves on the trees yet, but the grass was
already green. There were children round a high red-white-and-
blue flag, and an old Negro woman on a bench near them.
A simple picture, but Nancy and Miss Dietrich knew that it
was her best, and they were proud of it and decided to send
it to the competition.
One day Miss Dietrich told Nancy to go to the principal.
“Miss O’Shay has something to tell you,” she said.
When Nancy came to the principal’s door, she tried not to
be afraid. But she thought: “What have I done? I didn’t make
too much noise in the corridor, not more than the other pu-
pils. And I didn’t come to school late this month.” And then
she thought: “Chemistry! I don’t like chemistry, and the
teacher knows it. Has she told the principal...?”
She opened the door and went in. The principal smiled at
her from behind her desk and said, “Sit down, Nancy Johnson!
I have something to tell you. But 1 must ask you not to tell
anybody yet.” She stood up and came nearer to the girl. “You
have always been a good pupil, Nancy. Not the best, but...”
122
“May I come in, Miss O’Shay?” somebody said from the
door, and Miss Dietrich walked into the room. “Have you told
her?” she asked the principal.
“Not yet,” the principal answered. “Do you want to?”
“Thank you, I do,” Miss Dietrich said, and then she smiled
at Nancy. “Nancy Johnson,” she said, “your picture has won
the competition! Now you can learn drawing at the Art
School, and your parents won’t have to pay for the first year!”
14.	Tell the class about a party (or a day in the country) when
you had a wonderful time.
1.	Say when it was and why you were there.
2.	Then say who was there and what happened.
3.	Say how long you were there, who you went home with,
and when you came home.
15.	Read the words:
[a]	number, suddenly, money, colour, wonderful
[u:] food, lose, flew, threw, shoe
[ju:] Union, use, Tuesday, beautiful, student
[o]	doctor, holiday, often, song, stocking
[i:j field, skis, secret, between, free
[e]	address, get, met, breakfast, head
16.	Read and translate:
head [hed]: He’ll be cold; he hasn’t anything on his head.
Who is the head of the Comsomol in your school?
wonderful ['wandaful]: We saw a wonderful play last Sunday.
It is wonderful to swim in the warm sea. You look won-
derful today.
free [fri:]: I’ll wait until you are free. We have less free time
this year than last year and the year before. Are you free?
shoes [Ju:z]: These shoes have become small for me. We saw
wonderful shoes in a shop window, but we didn’t have
enough money with us to buy them.
stockings ['stokigz]: We decided to buy Grandmother new
stockings for Woman’s Day. How much did those stockings
cost?
123
17.	Read the text.
NANCY’S BEST PICTURE
Part Two
Nancy didn’t walk home. She flew, and plans danced in
her head all the way. At home she wanted to laugh and shout.
She even cried a little when she thought: “I shall draw beauti-
ful pictures, wonderful pictures!” She began to dance round the
room, but suddenly she remembered the principal’s words: “We
decided that you must know before you come to school on
Friday, because you will have to speak at the school meeting.
And they will ask you to speak when you go to the Art
School on Saturday. You must be ready.”
“Yes,” Nancy thought, “I must speak well.” And then she
thought: “But I know what to say. I have known it almost
a year. I’ll speak about the American flag—the flag with the
beautiful silver stars. The old woman in my picture is looking
at the flag. She has not had a happy life, and not everybody
has been good to her. But now, she is looking at the stars
in the flag, and she is sure that the American people will
understand the Negroes better. And I’ll say that this is a
wonderful day, not only for me, but for all Negroes in Ame-
rica. It shows that we Negroes are free Americans too.”
On Friday morning Nancy put on her best dress and her
new shoes and stockings. When she came to school, she saw
Miss Dietrich near the classroom door. “I am waiting for you,
Nancy,” Miss Dietrich said. “The principal wants to see you.”
“Thank you, Miss Dietrich,” Nancy answered, and she
thought: “Last year there was a picture of the winner in the
newspaper. Have they come to take my picture?”
When Nancy came into the principal’s room, Miss O’Shay
stood up and took a letter from her desk.
“This letter is from the Art School,” she said. “I must read
the end of the letter to you.” And she began to read slowly:
“...And so, we have decided that there will be no winner
in the competition this year. We have never had any Negro
students in the Art School. We understand, of course, that
124
Nancy Johnson has talent,1 and we are sorry that there is no
art school for Negroes in our city.”
She stopped reading and looked at the girl. Nancy could
not speak. Then she said, “And I thought ... I wanted to
say ... that we are free too!”
The principal’s eyes became cold. “No,” she said, “Not yet.
You and your people must fight to be free. And Nancy-—you
will not be alone.2 Many of us white people know that we
can’t be free if the Negroes are not. We’ll fight together with
you.” She looked into the girl’s eyes, and her eyes became
warm. “Dear little Nancy, you must learn many things, and
not only about pictures!” Nancy stood up. “Yes,” she said.
“I must learn how to make this country my country!”
18.	The facts in these sentences are not the same as the facts in
the story. Correct them!
1.	There were many Negroes in the Art School.
2.	Nancy drew a picture of a park on a winter day, when
there was snow everywhere and no grass, and no leaves.
3.	Nancy always used dark colours for her pictures.
4.	The principal wanted to speak to Nancy about her
chemistry lessons.
5.	Nancy wanted to draw a wonderful picture for the compe-
tition, but she didn’t know what to draw.
6.	Nancy refused to speak at the meeting on Friday morning.
7.	Nancy wasn’t happy on Friday morning, so she didn’t want
to put on her best dress and her new shoes and stockings.
8.	The principal didn’t understand Nancy when the girl said,
“I thought that our country is a free country.”
19.	Speak about the following:
1.	Nancy Johnson.
2.	Nancy’s best picture.
3.	What Nancy wanted to say in her speech.
20.	Listen to the teachefs story. Ask questions for more informa-
tion.
1 talent ['taelont]
2 alone [o'loun]—одинокая
125
I О
Homework
1	.* Перепишите предложения, поставив глаголы в соответ-
ствующем времени:
I have a pen-friend and we often (to write) letters to each
other. Not long ago he (to write) that he would like to
visit me. I (to want) him to come and be my guest. When
mother (to hear) about it, she (to say): “All right! Let him
come.” When he comes, we (to go) on excursions, we (to
visit) exhibitions, museums, the circus and cinemas. I (to
be) proud of my city, and I (to show) him our streets,
squares and the new buildings in the city centre.
2	.* Напишите предложения, подобрав к каждому из них под-
ходящее по смыслу окончание из второго столбика:
1 went to bed late last night
My aunt bought me a new
grey suit
Some scientists play tennis
It is not so simple
Some of the animals in our
Zoo are very funny
My uncle is very much like
my father
It is difficult to sleep late in
summer, because
His little son wanted to throw
a big ball
but he fell into the grass and
his clean white suit became
green, and brown, and other
colours.
he has the same nose, mouth
and ears.
but I didn’t like the colour.
the sun shines and the birds
sing.
like good athletes.
to become a champion in any
sport.
and children like to watch
them.
and it was very difficult for
me to get up at seven
o’clock in the morning.
126
3	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя, где нужно, артикли.
1.	When I came ... home after school, I was hungry,
but I couldn’t find anything to eat, so I had ... bread
and ... butter and ... glass of ... tea.
2.	In our family it has become ... tradition to take care
of all ... poor dogs and ... cats that we sometimes
find in ... yard.
3.	... pupils of our class often go to ... library to read
... magazines about ... art.
4.	My brother was going to become ... engineer, but then
he decided to teach ... chemistry at school.
5.	Did you ask anybody to help you to carry that box
and bag from ... train to ... bus?
4	.* Прочитайте текст Nancy’s Best Picture (Part One) и
ответьте на вопросы (устно):
1.	What made Nancy Johnson think that she was not dif-
ferent from the other pupils?
2.	Who was Nancy’s favourite teacher?
3.	What was Nancy’s secret?
4.	What did Nancy decide to draw in her best picture?
5.	Why did the principal want to see Nancy?
5	.* Прочитайте текст Nancy’s Best Picture (Part Two) и
ответьте на вопросы (устно):
1.	How do we know that Nancy was very happy?
2.	What did Nancy decide to speak about in the Art
School?
3.	What did Nancy think when Miss Dietrich stopped
her in the corridor?
4.	What was in the letter that the principal read to
Nancy Johnson?
6	.* Составьте и напишите предложения:
1)	wonderful, I, a performance, saw, yesterday
2)	sometimes, is, my father, free, in the evening
127
3)	went, pens, pencils, notebooks, to the shop, I, to buy,
and
4)	brought, new, Grandfather, me, shoes and stockings,
on my birthday
5)	went, to the demonstration, the principle, on the First
of May, with us
6)	put, many, on my table, somebody, beautiful leaves
7)	went round, her head, and, fell down, she
a leaf (leaves)
a student
the principal
a Negro
a head
colour
stockings
shoes
art
chemistry
wonderful
difficult
simple
somebody
anybody
free
128
Lesson 15
IV
1.	Say that a country was a great country, and in what century:
Greece [gri:s], Germany ['^э:тэш], Turkey ['ta:ki], Holland
['holand], Sweden ['swi:dan], Egypt ['kcfcipt], France [frans],
Italy ['itali], Spain [spein].
2.	Say what most of the class agreed to do. Then say who didn't
agree, and why.
3.	Tell the class how often (how many days every week) you have
meat for dinner, and how often you have fish or vegetables.
4.	Say how long you think something is — your classroom, the
blalkboard, the corridor, your pen or pencil, your desk, the
schoolyard, a football field, the lake at camp. You will need
the words: metre ['mktaj; centimetre ['senti,mi:ta], kilometre
['kila,mi:taj. Example:
I think the street in front of my house is a kilometre long.
5.	Tell the class about something you bought not long ago, where
you bought it, and how much you paid for it. You will need
the words: rouble [ru:bl], copeck ['koupekj.
6.	Read the words:
[i]	build, principal, visit, swim, fish
[it] team, teach, secret, Negro, meet, agree
[ei] page, face, afraid, great, pay
[j]	Уек yellow, young, yard, yesterday, York
[ae] athlete, champion, magazine, Saturday, captain
[e]	celebrate, any, present, letter, century
[o]	doctor, sorry, dog, song, long
7. a) Read and trans-
late:
capitalist ['kaepitalist]
captain ['kaeptin]
seaport i'si:po:t]
b) Read the following geo-
graphical names:
New York ['nju:'j3:k]
Holland [ holand]
Amsterdam ['aemsta'daem]
129
8.	Read and translate:
to pay [pei] (прошедшее время—paid [peid]): Who paid for the
cakes? Must we pay to go into the museum? How much did
you have to pay? Who will pay for the things we need?
great [greit]: Until the Great October Socialist Revolution
Russia was a capitalist country. There was a time when
Rome was the greatest city in the world. Some of the
world’s greatest scientists lived and worked in Russia.
century ['sentjun]: The great Russian writer Tolstoy died at
the beginning of the twentieth century. In what century did
the great Russian scientist Lomonosov live?
fish [fiJJ: How much does this fish cost? I like fish soup more
than meat soup. Do you like to go fishing?
to agree [a'gri:]: I agree with you on almost everything. Do
you agree to this plan? All the members of the circle agreed
to take part in the work in the schoolyard. If the boys
agree to work this evening, it won’t take us long to get
everything ready. Everybody agreed that her long black hair
and big grey eyes made her look beautiful.
9.	Listen to the story. Answer the questions:
1.	What have ship captains agreed to do?
2.	What can you say about Soviet captains?
10.	Read the text. Answer the question: Where did the Dutch1 send
Henry Hudson?
FROM THE HISTORY OF NEW YORK
Part One
The city of New York is more than three hundred years
old, but that is not very old for a city. New York is more
interesting to us than many other cities, because it is one of
the biggest and most important cities in the world. But not
everybody knows the history of this great American seaport.
Not everybody knows that the history of New York began in
Holland.
1 the Dutch [dAtJJ—голландцы
130
At the beginning of the 17th century, Holland was one of
the strongest countries on the sea. Her ships went everywhere;
the Dutch bought and sold food and clothes and gold and silver
in the countries of the East. But the way from Holland to
the East was very long. The Dutch often lost their ships in
the terrible storms at sea. They decided that they must find
a shorter way to the rich islands of the East.
In 1609 the Dutch asked Henry Hudson, an English sea
captain, to look for a way to the East round the north of
Russia. “We’ll pay you part of the money before you go,” they
said. “And if you find a way, we’ll pay you much more.”
Hudson agreed and went to the north with two Dutch ships.
History does not tell us why Hudson did not try to find
a way round the north of Russia. But we know that he did
not go far north. He went to the west, and after some time
he came to the east coast of a new country. It was the coast
of the small island where New York now stands.
Hudson soon went back to Holland. He did not bring back
gold and silver and the rich things that ships in those days
usually brought from India. But he told everybody about the
wonderful new world. He spoke about the great forests full of
animals and birds, and the great rivers full of fish. He showed
everybody maps that he drew of the place and told them how
to go there.
But the Dutch did not want to find beautiful new places.
To them the most beautiful thing in the world was money.
They needed a short way to the East, a way that could make
them richer and stronger.
Almost fifteen years passed before they sent people to live
in the new country. Many of these people came from Amster-
dam, the capital of Holland, and they gave the new place the
name New Amsterdam.
131
II.	Complete the sentences. Use facts from the text.
1.	The city of New York is interesting to us, because ...
2.	Not everybody knows that ...
3.	At the beginning of the 17th century Holland ...
4.	The way from Holland to the East was very long, so ...
5.	In 1609 Henry Hudson went to find the shortest way to
the East, but ...
6.	When Hudson came back to Holland, he told everybody
about ...
7.	At that time rich people in Holland did not want to find
beautiful new places, because ...
8.	But fifteen years later some people from Amsterdam, the
capital of Holland, went there and ...
12.	a) Compare two things (streets, rivers, lakes, stories, films,
holidays). Say that one of them is as long (half as long,
three times as long) as the other.
b) Compare two things that are (that look) the same or almost
the same.
13.	Tell the class what you haven't done, or where you haven't
been, and for how long.
14.	Read and translate:
to name [neim]: It is a tradition in many cities to name streets
after great writers, scientists or heroes. The Romans named
the first day of the week Monday, after the word moon.
The members of our club didn’t know what to name our
first exhibition, but then we named it Soviet Art Exhibition.
to love [Iav]: The great Russian writers loved children, and
they wrote many stories for them. Many heroes of the
Revolution fought and died for our country, because they
loved it most of all.
as (aez]: Do as you like. The second story was not so difficult
as the first. I’d like to work at the same factory as my
friend. Can you understand English as well as anybody in
your class?
for [fa:]: We listened to the radio for two hours last night. She
has taught us for two years already. For thousands of years
men have wanted to fly.
132
15.	Read and translate:
1.	Boston ['boston] and Philadelphia [,fila'delfjo] are American
cities. 2. Some centuries ago England had the strongest war-
ships in the world.
16.	Read the text.
FROM THE HISTORY OF NEW YORK
Part Two
For almost forty years New Amsterdam was a Dutch city.
The people spoke the Dutch language and tried to make their
life the same as life in Holland.
But many things happened in Europe at that time. The
English became stronger on the sea. Competition began between
England and Holland; rich people in the two countries wanted
to be richer, and they tried to take everything they could from
each other.
England had cities in America—Boston and Philadelphia
and others, and she wanted to have New Amsterdam too. In
1664 English warships suddenly came to New Amsterdam. The
Dutch could not fight, because they had no warships in New
Amsterdam and not enough soldiers. The English took the city
and named it New York.
In Europe the competition between the two countries contin-
ued and became stronger, and in 1672 England and Holland
began a war. The next year the Dutch came and took back New
York, but at the end of the war New York again became an
English city, and more and more English people came to live
there.
The people of America thought that they were the same as
the English people in the United Kingdom.1 But the English
king2 did not think so; he wanted to take everything he could
from America, but he didn’t want to give the Americans any-
thing. He even wanted to make the Americans pay for his wars
with Holland and later with France.3 Life became more and
more difficult for the people of America.
> the United Kingdom [ju'naitid'kigdam] 2 king [kigj—король
— Объединенное королевство 3 France [frans] — Франция
133
This could not continue very long. Soon there was a new
war—this time between America and England. We cannot tell
you the history of that war; the story is too long. The Ame-
ricans loved their country, and they fought very bravely, because
they wanted to be free. America was not so strong as England,
but the Americans won the war. All the people fought, and
when people fight to be free, they must win.
When the war was over, they named their country the
United States of America, and they made New York the capital.
17.	Look at the map and say:
1.	Is America south, north, west or east of England?
2.	What part of the United States is New York in?
3.	Is New York south or north of Canada?
4.	Is New York an island or not?
5.	Is New York a big seaport or a small port?
18.	Tell the story of New York. Use the pictures and the questions
on the second part of the text that you answered at home.
134
19.	Speak about your city. Use the following questions as a plan,
and some of these words: century, capital, port, the north, the
south, the east, the west, river, the sea, summer, winter,
month, cold, warm, hot, streets, bridges, houses, wonderful,
cinema, theatre, museum, library, circus
1.	Is your city old or new?
2.	What part of the Soviet Union is your city in?
3.	How many people live in your city?
4.	What does your city look like?
| О
Homework
1	.* Выпишите в одну колонку слова, которые употребляют-
ся с неопределенным артиклем, а в другую колонку —
слова, которые не употребляются с неопределенным ар-
тиклем:
135
peace, friendship, gold, silver, newspaper, snow, wind,
food, soup, meat, potatoes, milk, bridge, club, leaf, shoe,
fish, butter, cake, bread, art, century, coast, life
2	.* Перепишите данные слова и напишите рядом с каждым
словом слово, противоположное по значению:
bad, young, light, to rest, never, to laugh, slowly, to stop,
big, the most difficult, to put on, more, poor, to refuse,
to lose, before, behind, to sell, war, hot, short, morning,
to go to bed, early, here, near, to remember
3	.* Прочитайте текст From the History of New York (Part
One). Выполните классное упражнение 11 (устно).
4	.* Прочитайте текст From the History of New York (Part
Two) и ответьте на вопросы (письменно):
1.	What country did Holland begin to compete with on
the sea?
2.	Why could the English take New Amsterdam from the
Dutch?
3.	Why did the Americans win their war with England?
4.	What city became the first capital of the United
States?
5	.* Напишите письмо о вашем городе другу по переписке.
Начните письмо словами Dear ... Закончите письмо сло-
вами Your friend ...
a century
a captain
a copeck
capitalist
fish
as
to agree
to name
to pay
love
great
for
New York
136
Lesson 16
1.	Compare two of your friends. Say who does (or knows) some-
thing better, and who—worse.
2.	a) Speak abbut the sport you are interested in. Then say whether
your friends go in for the same sport.
b) Say whether you are interested in art or music. Say when
you became interested in it and why.
3.	Say that one of your friends is serious about something. What
can you say to prove that he is serious?
Многие английские наречия образуются при помощи
суффикса -1у, который прибавляется к прилагатель-
ным, например:
brave—bravely
easy—easily
terrible—terribly
simple—simply
4.	Add the suffix -ly to the following words and translate them:
bad, happy, angry, cold, warm, wonderful, nice,
beautiful, clever.
5.	Read the words:
[a] March, army, dark, part, heart
[au] round, found, shout, loud
[ju:J Tuesday, refuse, use, music
[io] dear, ear, near, here, serious
[o] sorry, forgot, stocking, lost, office
[э:] bird, third, workshop, world, worse
6.	Read and translate:
a heart [hat]: The doctor said that my mother must take care
of her heart. We often think of Moscow, our capital, as the
heart of the Soviet Union.
music ['mju:zik] (не употребляется с неопределенным артик-
лем): There was light in all the windows, and we could
hear music. The Chaikovsky music competition in Moscow
137
has become a tradition. We had music lessons until this
year.
an office ['ofis]: The principal told me to come to his office.
My parents are office workers, and my brother is a turner.
I’m sure the address isn’t right, because that building isn’t
an office building.
to be interested ['intnstid]: She is interested in music and art,
but she isn’t interested in the cinema. Even when Gagarin
was a small boy, he was already interested in flying. What
are you interested in?
loud [laud]: We could hear loud music from the building on
the other side of the street. The noise of the planes became
louder and louder. He spoke so loud that everybody in the
corridor heard everything he said.
worse [wa:s]; worst [waist]: We don’t want our team to play
worse than any of the others. In some places autumn is the
worst season of the year.
serious [’sianas]: He writes serious music. Mother looks so se-
rious, I’m afraid something bad has happened. Are you
serious?
7.	Translate the sentences. In your translation, show the different
meanings of make and take.
1.	It was difficult to make him understand why nobody wanted
his help.
2.	If you make a plan before you come to class, you can
speak better and more easily.
3.	I’m afraid that if you eat so much cake, it will make
you ill.
4.	She didn’t want to do anything to make her mother angry.
5.	Mother and I are making dinner, and we must finish be-
fore Father comes home.
6.	If you want me to, I’ll take pictures of the camp buildings
from all sides.
7.	I don’t think it will take long to make dinner if the meat
and vegetables are ready.
8.	For two years he won every competition that he took
part in.
138
9.	Mother wants you to take those pictures off the wall and
clean them.
10.	The garden is beautiful, because my aunt has always taken
wonderful care of the flowers.
8.	Read and translate:
1.	He bought a big house, and he had enough money to buy
a hundred more houses.
2.	He was interested in only one thing—business.1
3.	He thought: “How much money will I make if 1 buy that
building and then sell it?”
4.	Send for doctor Caswell.2 3
5.	He wasn’t interested in music or sports, and he didn’t
have anything interesting to do at home.
6.	How shall I begin?
7.	It will cost you five dollars8 a visit.
9.	Read the text.
THE HEART OF ART
Part One
Collis P. Ellsworth was a very rich old man. He lived in
a big house, and he had enough money to buy a hundred more
houses. He had an office in his high office building, and he
had enough money to buy ten more buildings. He had enough
money to buy anything and everything he wanted. But he
wanted only one thing—money. And he was interested only
in one thing—business. He loved to buy things and then sell
them for more money.
Every day old Ellsworth went to his office, sat down in
the big chair behind his beautiful clean desk and began to
make new plans. All of them were the same, or almost the
same. “How much will that factory cost?” or “How much will
1 business [*biznis]—дело
2 Caswell ['kaezwel]
3 dollars ['dolozj
139
that building cost?” and “How much money will 1 make if I
buy it and then sell it?”
One day, soon after his seventy-sixth birthday, Mr.1 Ells-
worth came home early. "I’m ill,” he said, “Send for doctor
Caswell.”
Doctor Caswell did not think that Mr. Ellsworth was se-
riously ill. “You can live for a long time yet,” he said. “But
you must rest at home, and even more important—you must
stop thinking about business. Your heart is not too bad — it
was better when you were younger, but now it jumps when I
even say the word — business.”
Some weeks passed. Old Ellsworth didn’t go to his office.
But he wasn’t interested in books or music, or sports, and he
didn’t have anything interesting to do at home. His heart be-
came a little worse. One day doctor Caswell said to him,
“I have an idea for you.”
Mr. Ellsworth looked at his doctor angrily, and then closed
his eyes. “What is it, more vegetables, more gymnastics, more
walking in the park, more music?”
“No,” the doctor answered. “Tell me, do you like to draw?”
The old man opened his eyes. “Did you say—draw? Draw
what? I haven’t drawn anything for seventy years. What are
you talking about?”
“About art,” the doctor answered. “Why don’t you go in
for drawing? I’m not thinking about serious art, of course,
but it’s interesting to learn to draw, even if you never learn
to draw well.”
Mr. Ellsworth opened his mouth, but he didn’t say anything.
His eyes became smaller, and he thought a little. Then he
looked at his doctor coldly and said. “And if I decide to try,
how shall I begin?”
“That’s very easy,” Dr.2 Caswell answered, and he began
to speak louder and more quickly. “I can ask a student from
one of the art schools to come here and give you lessons.
There are many poor art students who will be happy to teach
you. It will cost you five dollars a visit.”
1 Mr. ['mists]—мистер
2 Dr. =doctor
140
10.	Find sentences in the text that say the same things (or almost
the same things) as the following sentences. Example:
Collis P. Ellsworth had very much money.
Collis P. Ellsworth was a very rich man.
1.	He was rich enough to buy anything he liked.
2.	Mr. Ellsworth’s plans were not much different from each
other.
3.	“You won’t die soon,” doctor Caswell said.
4.	Some time passed.
5.	There wasn’t anything at home that old Ellsworth liked
very much.
6.	“What is your idea?” he asked. “Is it more food and more
sports?”
7.	“Why don’t you become interested in pictures?”
8.	The old man didn’t speak for some time.
9.	“What is the first thing I must do if I agree?”
10.	“There isn’t anything difficult in that,” the doctor said.
11.	Answer the questions:
1.	Who was Collis P. Ellsworth?
2.	What did Ellsworth do every day?
3.	What were old Ellsworth’s plans?
4.	Why did old Ellsworth send for his doctor?
5.	What did the doctor say to Ellsworth?
12.	Discuss the questions:
1.	What was Mr. Ellsworth interested in?
2.	What can you say to show that the doctor didn’t think
Mr. Ellsworth was seriously ill?
3.	Why was Mr. Ellsworth angry when the doctor wanted to
help him?
4.	What plan did the doctor have for old Ellsworth, and how
did he explain it to him?
13.	Tell the class who sits in front of you and behind you, and
who sits to the left and to the right of you.
14.	Tell the class what you can’t do without somebody, and ex-
plain why.
141
15.	Say that you tried to do something, but couldn’t; and what
you decided to do at last.
\
16.	Let your classmate tell you about two books (stories, films,
plays) that he read (or saw) not long ago. Ask him which of'
them he liked best. Let him explain why.
Pete. I saw two interesting plays not long ago. One of them
is Three Sisters, the other is On the Other Side.
Olga. Which of them did you like best?
Pete. I liked On the Other Side best. I like plays about
clever, brave soldiers.
17.	Read the words:
[e] celebrate, everywhere, friendship, together, left
[ai] library, by, shine, fight, right
[i]	million, kilometre, bridge, dinner, which
[a] star, past, glass, harvest, artist
[л] son, uncle, hungry, bus, cup
18.	Read and translate:
without [wi'Saut]: The four brave soldiers were without food
and water for a long time. We can’t have a nice party
without music. We worked all day without a minute’s rest.
a cup: May I give you another cup of tea? — Not a whole cup,
thank you—half a cup. I’m sure they will win the cup
again this year.
an artist ['atist]: The great artist died before many people
began to understand his work. Have you been to the Young
Artists’ Exhibition at the Pioneer House?
at last: She explained for half an hour, and at last they
understood her. At last I have finished. It has stopped
raining at last.
left [left]; right [rait]: When you come to the camp, walk to
the left, and the first big yellow house is the office. There
are some small shops to the right of our school. He can
throw a ball with his left hand, as well as with his right-
His left hand is stronger than his right.
142
which [witf]: Which team do you think is going to win the
cup? Which of the pupils didn’t go on the excursion last
Thursday?
19.	Speak about each of these people and their plans. The small
pictures show you what they hope to become. Example:
My brother Mike is 14 years old, and he is in the 7th form.
Mike likes chess, but he is more interested in drawing. He
wants to be a great artist and draw pictures of the sea. The
small picture shows what Mike hopes to become. Here he is
a great artist. He is drawing a picture of a ship in the sea.
143
20.	Read the text.
THE HEART OF ART
Part Two
When Frank Swain1 came the next day, he found Mr.
Ellsworth in a big chair near the window. “I’m not an artist
yet,” the young man explained. “I am only a student at the
art school.” The old man did not answer.
Swain took some pencils out of his bag. “Now, let’s try to
draw that yellow cup on the table,” he said. “We’ll draw it
without colours today.”
The old man took his pencil and quickly drew a very bad
picture of the cup. “That’s simple,” he said. “I think I can
draw something more interesting than a cup!”
Swain looked at the picture. “It’s not bad,” he said (he
needed the five dollars), “but you must look at what you are
drawing if you want to learn.”
Mr. Ellsworth tried again, and drew more slowly, but the
new drawing was even worse than the first. “I see,” he said.
“It’s a little more difficult than I thought.”
1 Frank Swain ['fraerjk 'swein]
144
When Swain came the next week, there was a picture on
the table that looked a little more like a cup. “How do you
like it, young man?” Mr. Ellsworth asked proudly.
“Not bad,” Swain answered. “But the left side is a little
higher than the right.”
Mr. Ellsworth looked at his teacher angrily, and then at
his picture. Then, without a word, he began to draw the cup
again. He drew for five minutes, and then suddenly he said,
“Listen, young man, can you come to teach me more often —
let’s say, two or three times a week?”
Frank Swain agreed, of course, and he began to give Mr. Ells-
worth lessons every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The doc-
tor thought it was a good idea too. Time passed, and old
Mr. Ellsworth talked less about business and more about art.
There was colour in his face, and he even began to walk a
little. He often visited museums and art exhibitions with Swain.
He was very much interested in them and asked Swain hun-
dreds of questions. “Where do the pictures and statues1 come
from? Who decides which pictures and which artists can take
part in the exhibition?” he asked Swain.
Late in spring Mr. Ellsworth drew a picture that he named
Trees in White. Swain smiled when he looked at it, but he
wanted to cry. But when Mr. Ellsworth said with a serious
face, “I have decided to send it to the Art Exhibition,” Swain
was simply afraid. “We must stop him,” he told the doctor.
“The newspapers always send their people to the exhibition.
When they see that terrible picture ... if they write about it,
the whole city will laugh at him. Make him understand
that, doctor!”
“No, no!” the doctor answered. “We can’t stop him, and
we mustn’t try, even if the whole country laughs. He will be
ill again. He will begin to think about business, and I’m
afraid he will die. His heart is more important to me than art!”
So they didn’t say anything to the old man. And he didn’t
say anything about the exhibition, but continued to draw bad
pictures. Sometimes he smiled or even laughed, but he never
explained why. At last, two days before the exhibition closed,
1 statue ['staetjuj — статуя
145
a man brought a letter to Mr. Ellsworth from the Museum
of Art. Doctor Caswell and Frank Swain were in the room
when Mr. Ellsworth got the letter. “Read it to me,” the old
man said. “I have worked too much this morning, and my
eyes are tired.”
Doctor Caswell opened the letter and read:
“Dear Mr. Ellsworth!
The Museum of Art is happy to tell you that your picture
Trees in White has won the Art Competition for this year.”
Frank Swain opened his mouth, but he could not say a
word. So Doctor Caswell had to speak. He tried two or three
times, and at last he said, “Wonderful! Wonderful! Now you
see, Mr. Ellsworth, art is better than business. You have won,
because your heart is in your art!”
“Nonsense!1 My heart is in me!” the old man answered
angrily. “I bought the Museum of Art a month ago. Business
is the heart of art!”
21.	Answer the questions:
1.	What did Frank Swain say to Mr. Ellsworth when he saw
him the first time?
2.	What happened at the first lesson?
3.	Why didn’t Frank Swain tell Mr. Ellsworth that his pic-
ture was bad?
4.	Why did old Ellsworth ask Frank Swain to come to his
house more often?
5.	What did old Ellsworth think about his picture Trees in
White, and what did he decide to do with it?
6.	Why didn’t Swain want Mr. Ellsworth to send his picture
to the Art Exhibition?
7.	What did Dr. Caswell read in the letter from the Museum?
8.	What did old Ellsworth think about art?
22.	Say everything you can about: a) Collis P. Ellsworth, b) Frank
Swain, c) Dr. Caswell.
23.	Listen to the story. Answer the question: Why did the old man
say that Lenin told him about his life?
1 nonsense ['nonsans]—чепуха
146
I Q
Homework
1	.* Допишите предложения:
1.	At the October holiday demonstration you can always
hear music in the streets, and ...
2.	I was interested in chemistry, but now I am more
interested ...
3.	Did his face look serious when ...?
4.	She skated worse than the other girls, so ...
2	.* Напишите наречия от данных прилагательных:
serious, loud, easy, brave, bright, cold, warm, terrible,
wonderful, simple, bad, nice, angry, strong.
3	.* Прочитайте текст The Heart of Art (Part One). Выпол-
ните классное упражнение 10 (устно).
4	.* Прочитайте и переведите (устно):
1.	We waited in front of the principal’s office until
lessons were over at two o’clock.
2.	We knew that hockey wasn’t his favourite sport, but
he was interested in the game, and when he went skating,
he watched the players.
3.	The car stood in the centre of the square and it made
loud noises, but they could not make it run.
4.	When she got up this morning her head was worse
than last night and she could not eat anything for breakfast.
5.	His long nose, big ears and little eyes made him
look funny: people who laughed at his performances didn’t
know that he was a clever and serious man.
5	.* Перепишите предложения, вставляя подходящие по смыслу
слова: loud, office, without, at last, heart, which, left,
right.
1.	Mother likes vegetables and milk, but Father says that
he can’t live ... meat and f ish.
147
2.	When my brother was a small boy, he wanted to be a
dancer or a singer, then a flyer, a turner and a doctor,
but ... he decided to become an engineer.
3.	We lost our way in the forest one day. Half of us
wanted to go to the ..., the other half wanted to walk
to the ... .
4.	I like all sports, and I don’t know ... is the most
interesting.
5.	Don’t speak so ...! Don’t you see we are standing in
front of the principal’s ...?
6.	Athletes almost always have a strong ....
6	.* Прочитайте текст The Heart of Art (Part Two) и от-
ветьте на вопрос: Why did Mr. Ellsworth say that busi-
ness is the heart of art? Выпишите из текста no два
предложения со словами an artist, а сир.
7	.* Переведите на английский язык (письменно):
1.	Тебе понравилась музыка к новому фильму?
2.	Он не может заниматься спортом, так как у него
больное сердце.
3.	Чем вы интересуетесь?
4.	Отец хочет, чтобы я был более серьезным.
5.	Не разговаривайте так громко. Дедушка спит.
6.	Дождь наконец перестал, и мы можем идти домой.
7.	Я не знаю, какую из этих книг купить ей на
день рождения.
a cup
a heart
an artist
an office
music
which
at last
worse
the worst
loud
serious
left
right
without
to be interested (in)
148
Lesson 17
1.	Read and translate:
1.	V. I. Lenin was born [Ьэ:п] in 1870 and died in 1924.
2.	My brother likes history and geography very much, but he
never liked arithmetic [a'riOmatik].
3.	I like to read and speak English, but 1 don’t like to learn
English grammar ['grama].
2.	Look at these pictures and say when and where these people were
born and died, who they were and what they did. Example:
The great Russian writer Lev Tolstoy was born in Yasnaya
Polyana in 1828 and died in 1910. He wrote wonderful books.
Lev Tolstoy (1828-1910),
Yasnaya Polyana,
great Russian writer.
A. S. Popov (1859—1905),
Krasnoturinsk,
great Russian scientist,
made the first radio.
149
A. M. Gorky (1868—1936),
Nizhni Novgorod,
great Russian writer.
J. London (1876—1916),
San Francisco,
great American writer,
wrote stories about the sea
and about the Far North,
wrote about animals too.
Ch. Dickens (1812-1870),
Portsmouth,
great English writer.
150
3.	Tell the class that you wanted to do something, but you made
a mistake. Use any of the following words: the number of the
house (or flat), a letter, a meeting, a party, a notebook,
to buy something in a shop, the road to camp. Example:
Mother wanted to buy new stockings for my little sister. She
thought the shop was open until eight o’clock, and she went
there at half past seven. But she made a mistake: the shop is
open only until seven.
4.	Complete the sentences:
1.	My little brother can’t count, because ...
2.	Alec stopped in the middle of the story, because ...
3.	We often walked in the mountains when ...
4.	Nina doesn’t know English grammar well, so ...
5.	Arithmetic is very difficult for me, so ...
5.	Speak about May Day this year.
1.	Say what happened at school before the holiday. Say
whether you had a party or a meeting, who was there,
what you did. Say when it began and when you went home.
2.	Say something about the May Day demonstration. Tell the
class whether you went to the demonstration or watched it
on TV; what you saw there.
3.	Tell the class how the members of your family celebrated
May Day.
6.	Read the words:
[э:] sports, storm, port, short, born
[au] loud, mouth, round, count, mountain
[i]	visit, win, ill, middle, arithmetic
[ae] athlete, captain, happy, factory, grammar
[ei] wait, favourite, lake, cake, mistake
7.	Read and translate:
a mountain ['mauntin]: The road runs between the mountains
and the sea coast. Mountain rivers are always very cold.
In summer skating champions go to a skating-rink high in
the mountains.
151
the middle [midi]: He began to tell us a story, but suddenly
stopped in the middle. We must finish the work before the
middle of June. It happened in the middle of winter.
to count [kaunt]: Every day Ziganshin counted the potatoes
that he put into the soup. I don’t think I’ve lost any of
the magazines or newspapers, but I’ll count them again.
a mistake [mis'teik]: It wasn’t a serious mistake. You have
made many mistakes. Nobody likes mistakes, but everybody
makes them sometimes.
8.	Read and translate:
1.	There were many less states in the United States in 1809
than there are now.
2.	His family of ten didn’t have enough to eat.
3.	Abraham’s father could not read or write, and he didn’t
think the boy needed school.
4.	Many parents couldn’t pay teachers, and many more thought
that their children didn’t need school.
5.	In his whole life Lincoln did not go to school for more
than one year.
9.	Read the text.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN AS A BOY
Part One
When Abraham Lincoln was born in 1809 the United
States did not look like the country that we know today.
There were many less states, as you can see on the map. Most
of the states were in the East and South, and there were only
two states in the West, between the coast and the mountains.
The state where Lincoln was born was in the middle of
the country, between the North and the South. His father
was a poor farmer; lie never had much money, and his family
of ten did not have enough to eat. Little Abe had to work
on his father’s farm when he was only six years old.
In those days, if parents wanted to send their children to
school, they had to pay the teachers that opened the school.
Abe’s father could not read or write, and he did not think
152
The United States in 1809.
the boy needed school “Abe’s life will not be different if he
can read and write,” he said. “And poor people haven’t anything
to count, so Abe will not need arithmetic.”
But Abe’s mother did not agree with him, and when a
teacher came to open a school, Abe’s mother found enough
money to send Abe and his sister there.
Abe loved school from the first day, and he was always
the best pupil in his class. But he was a boy like other boys,
and he was not always good. He learned to read and write
very quickly, and in one of his school books he wrote;
Abraham Lincoln,
His hand and pen;
He will be good,
But god1 knows when.
1 god —бог
153
But many parents could not pay the teacher, and many
more thought that their children did not need school. The
teacher soon closed the school. After this teacher there were
different teachers and new schools, but all of the teachers
decided to go to other places to live. In his whole life Lincoln
did not go to school for more than one year. But for more
than twelve years, he learned from books, without the help
of teachers. Even when he had to work all day, he sat with
his books half the night. He saw that his language was dif-
ferent from the language in the books, and he understood that
he made mistakes when he spoke. So, when he was twenty-one
years old, he bought an English grammar and tried to learn
to speak better. He never stopped learning, and at last he
became one of the greatest speakers of the century. And he
learned to write well —even beautifully.
10.	Say you were surprised that somebody didn't know or didn't
do something. Explain why.
11.	Read the words:
[э:] turner, workshop, worse, heard, dirty
[i]	minute, million, kilometre, ship, ticket
[зе] cat, bag, bad, that, hat
154
12. Read and translate:
dirty [zda:ti]: When little Jane comes home from the park, her
hands, face and even her hair is dirty. Don’t take the
food with dirty hands.
to be surprised [sa'praizd]: I am surprised to see you here.
We were so surprised that we couldn’t say a word.
a ticket ['tikit]: Have you bought tickets for the football game?
How much does a ticket cost? Did you buy train tickets
or plane tickets?
a hat [hast]: I don’t like the colour of her hat, it’s too dark.
Take off your hat. I’m going to take your picture.
13.	Think of three or four sentences that will explain the idea
of the following sentences. Example:
Abraham Lincoln was a clever boy.
He learned very well. He read many different books. He
could tell wonderful stories.
1.	I was very much surprised when I saw Pete in the garden.
2. Alec had no time to buy tickets for the cinema yesterday.
3. Jane’s dress was very dirty when she came home from the yard.
4. We decided not to go to the mountains this year.
5.	My grandfather couldn’t find his hat.
14.	Read the text.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN AS A BOY
Part Two
Even when he was a boy, Abe was a wonderful story-teller.
He never forgot a story that he heard, and he knew how to
make his stories more interesting to his listeners. He played
and shouted with the other children, until somebody said,
“Tell us a story, Abe!” And they all sat down in a circle, ready
to listen.
But often Abe did not want to play or tell stories. He
went far into the forest, where he could sit and look at the
clouds in the sky or the water in the river. He wanted to think
about the world on the other side of the mountains, about
155
the big buildings and life in the cities, far from the farms
and the poor little houses that he knew.
Abe liked to go fishing, and sometimes he sat for hours
on the little bridge near their house. One afternoon he was on
his way home with some very good fish, when he met a soldier.
The man’s clothes were dirty, and he was very tired. “Where
are you going with those fish?” he asked.
“I’m taking them home,” Abe answered. “We’ll eat them for
supper.”
“Supper,” the soldier said. “I haven’t had supper or dinner,
or breakfast for three days.”
Abe was surprised to hear this. “At home we eat two and
even three times every day,” he said. “Why don’t you go home
and eat?”
“I had a home and a family before the war,” the soldier
said. “But I don’t know where they are now. I’m sure they
thought I died in the war and went to another place to live.
I’m looking for them, but it isn’t easy if you have no money
to buy train tickets.”
“Is war interesting?” Abe asked. “Is it interesting to be
a soldier?”
“I’m not a soldier now,” the soldier answered. “And
war...,” he laughed. “The soldiers always said, ‘It’s a rich
man’s war, and a poor man’s fight!’... no, war isn’t interesting
to poor people. The war is over now, and nobody wants me.
I was hungry before the war, and I’m hungry now.”
Abe came nearer to him. “Don’t say that,” he said. “I’m
sure not everybody has forgotten you. You can... you can have
my fish if you want them. They are very good.”
156
“You are a good boy,” the soldier said. “I’ll take the fish,
thank you! I won’t forget you, and I hope you won’t forget me.”
Lincoln was the strongest boy in his school, but he never
fought with the other boys. When other boys fought, he tried
to make them stop. He understood that we must always be
ready to fight for what is right, but peace is better than war.
Many years later, when Lincoln became the president of the
United States, he tried to free all the slaves1 without war.
He said, “We can buy all the slaves in the country and then
free them. It will cost less than war.” But there were too
many rich people that didn’t want to pay for the slaves, and
a terrible war began between the North and the South.
Lincoln loved all people. When the war was over and he
came to Richmond, the capital of the South, thousands of
Negroes came out into the streets to meet him. When one old
Negro took off his hat to Lincoln, Lincoln took off his hat to
the Negro.
All this happened more than a century ago. The people of
America have not forgotten the name of Abraham Lincoln, the
president who wanted the Negroes of America to be free. But
the rich fought against his ideas. They have never wanted the
Negroes to be free; and they are trying now to make the
Negroes work more and get less. Progressive Americans
have always helped the Negroes, but the long fight is not
over yet.
1 slave [sleivj —раб
157
15.	Find the correct sentence in each group:
1
1.	Abraham Lincoln was a serious boy, and he never played
with the other boys and girls.
2.	When Abraham Lincoln told stories, all the children ran
home, because his stories were long and not interesting.
3.	All Abe’s friends loved to listen to his wonderful stories.
II
1.	Abe gave the soldier his fish, because the soldier asked him
for something to eat.
2.	When Abe understood that the soldier was hungry, he gave
him his fish.
3.	The soldier explained that he had no family, and Abe asked
him to come to his house for dinner.
Ill
1.	Abe was not a strong boy, so he tried not to fight with
the other boys.
2.	Abe didn’t like to fight, and he didn’t want the other
boys to fight.
3.	Abe wanted to make the boys understand that he was
stronger than they were, so he was always ready to fight.
16.	Give facts from the text to show that the following sentences
are correct:
1.	Abe was interested not only in the place where he lived.
2.	The soldier was right when he said that Abe was a good
boy.
3.	Abraham Lincoln did not like the idea of war.
4.	The Negroes loved Abraham Lincoln.
17.	Answer the questions:
1.	What did Abe do when he didn’t want to play?
2.	When did Abe meet the soldier?
3.	Why couldn’t the soldier find his family?
4.	What did the soldiers always say about war?
5.	What did Lincoln think about peace and war?
6.	What happened when Lincoln came to Richmond?
158
18. Read and translate:
1.	It is very difficult to find work in capitalist countries.
As a capitalist, Mr. Ellsworth was more interested in money
than in art.
2.	My best friend, Vladimir, couldn’t decide what name to give
his son.
At last he decided to name him Vladimir too.
3.	Many Negroes ran to the north of the United States,
because they wanted to be free.
Abraham Lincoln wanted to free all the Negroes.
4.	Many people in our country love music.
Mr. Ellsworth’s love for art was not so strong as his love
for money.
19.	Remember as many facts as you can about Lomonosov as a boy.
Compare them with what you have read about Lincoln as a boy.
| O 2>
Homework
1.* Ответьте на вопросы (письменно):
1.	When were you born?
2.	Which of these lessons—chemistry, history, geography,
arithmetic, the Russian language, the English language—
are you most interested in?
3.	Who knows English grammar best of all in your class?
4.	When do you make less mistakes: when you write
English words or when you write Russian words?
6.	Have you been to the high mountains of the Caucasus
[zko:kosas]? Would you like to go there?
6.	What is the name of the square in the middle of Moscow?
2*. Прочитайте текст Abraham Lincoln as a Boy (Part One).
Найдите в тексте предложения, в которых говорится:
1) о материальном положении семьи Авраама Линкольна
2) почему отец Авраама не хотел посылать его в школу
3) как Авраам учился в школе
4) как он научился говорить без ошибок
159
3	.* Прочитайте текст Abraham Lincoln as a Boy (Part Two).
Выполните классное упражнение 15 (устно).
4	.* Перепишите предложения, заменив выделенные части
известными вам словами или словосочетаниями:
1.	In 1809 the United States didn't look like the country
that we know today.
2	Abe’s father never had much money, and his family
often didn't have enough to eat.
3.	Abe had to work in the fields and on the farm when
he was only six years old.
4.	Abe loved school from the first day.
5.	Lincoln did not go to school for more than one year,
but he read many books that explained everything to him.
6.	It was very difficult to get tickets for the new play,
but my uncle got them.
7.	You can buy those hats everywhere in our city.
8.	The vegetables are not clean, Nick! You must wash
them before you eat them.
5	.* Расскажите о себе:
1.	Give some facts from your biography (your name; when
and where you were born, what form you are in, where
you live, whether your family is big or small).
2.	Say when you go to school, when you come home, and
what you do after school.
3.	Speak about the sport or sports you go in for.
4.	Say whether you have a friend and what you usually do
together.
to be born	a ticket
a mountain	to count
the middle	grammar
arithmetic	a hat
a mistake	dirty
to be surprised
160
Lesson 18
1.	Read the story.
PLANS FOR AN EXCURSION
At our last pioneer meeting we decided to go on an excur-
sion to the country We decided to go on a warm summer
day at the beginning of June. Our teacher and some of our
parents will go with us.
We made a plan of the excursion and showed it to our
teacher. She said that she liked it very much, and she agreed
to go too. Here is the plan.
The place where we want to go is far from the city, so
we’ll go there by bus. But if the road is very good, we’ll
walk part of the way We want to be there a week. We’ll
buy meat, butter and bread in the city and take it with us,
but we hope to get vegetables, fruit and milk at a collective
farm near the place.
We can even help the collective farmers to plant vegeta-
bles, and we are sure they will do everything they can to
help us. There is a river near the place, and the boys will go
fishing there, so we’ll have fish to eat too.
WeTl make a fire in the forest or near the river, and make
breakfast and dinner. The boys and girls who are on duty
will make the food (soup and other things), the others can
rest or play games or swim in the river. WeTl sleep in tents,
of course.
That is our plan, and we think that it is wonderful. We
are sure we’ll have a very good time on the excursion.
2.	Speak about your plans for excursions
3.	Look at the pictures on pages 162—165 and tell the story.
161
162
163
*91
became seriously ill
at last
to teach his son
tried to remember
could not continue
too ill
Tell the story The Old Man’s Secret. Use the following words
in your story:
three centuries ago
wonderful things
to be interested in
to agree
not ready
time passed
5.	Listen to the story, and then finish the story yourselves.
6.	Look at the pictures on pages 77—78 and tell the story.
Use the following words in your story:
Yury agreed to compete with Igor
But from the first day Yury made less
It was very difficult
began to come to the factory before the others
to be interested in
can’t make enough
without your help
after a short time
at last
165
7.	Look at the pictures and say how the pioneers spent their
summer holidays. Then speak about your plans for the summer.
166
167
SIX SERVING MEN
by R. Kipling
I have six honest serving men;
They taught me all 1 knew.
Their names are What and Why and When,
And How and Where and Who.
I send them over land and sea,
I send them East and West;
But after they have worked for me,
I give them all a rest.
I let them rest from nine till five
For I am busy then,
As well as breakfast, lunch and tea,
For they are hungry men.
But different folk have different views;
I know a person small,
She keeps ten million serving men,
Who get no rest at all!
She sends them on her own affairs,
From the second she opens her eyes—
One million Hows, two million Wheres,
And seven million Whys!
serving men ['s&vig 'men] — слуги
168
VOCABULARY
Словарь включает все новые слова и выражения, встречающиеся
в учебнике для VII класса, и словарь учебников V и VI классов*
В словарь не вошли следующие слова:
]. Существительные, образованные при помощи суффикса -ег.
2* Прилагательные, образованные при помощи суффиксов
-er, -est.
3. Наречия, образованные при помощи суффикса -1у.
4» Числительные, образованные при помощи суффиксов -teen,
-ty, -th.
В словарь вошли некоторые географические названия.
Новые слова, не входящие в словарный минимум VIJ класса,
помечены звездочкой.
А
about h'baut} о, об, насчет
about our life о нашей жизни
absent [febsantl: to be absent
отсутствовать
accordion* fo'ko:djon] аккордеон
active* I'aektiv] активный
add* fed! добавить
address [a'dresi адрес
affair* [a'tea] дело
afraid [o'freid]: to be afraid of
smth., smb. бояться чего-л.,
кого-л.
after I'aftal после, через, спустя;
за, позади; после того как;
позднее, потом
after dinner после обеда
the dog ran after him собака
побежала за ним
after you came home после
того, как вы пришли домой
afternoon i'afta'mjzni время
после полудня
good afternoon добрый день,
здравствуйте
In the afternoon днем
yesterday afternoon вчера днем
this afternoon сегодня днем
afterwards* I'aftowodz] спустя
некоторое время
again [э'деш] снова, опять
ago (a'gouj (тому) назад
agree fo'gri:! 15 соглашаться
all b:l] все, всё; весь; вся-
кий
aft the books все книги
aft right хорошо
1Б9
at ail* совсем, вообще
(в отрицат. предл.)
almost Ibrlmoustl 13 почти;
едва ,.. не, чуть ♦ ♦. не
alone* lo'loun] один, одинокий
aloud* (o'laud 1 вслух
already [o:l'redi] 4 уже
always {'ozlwaz] всегда
am teml 1-е л, ед. ч. гл аг. to be
America [o'menkol 13 Америка
American [a'menkan] ll амери-
канский; 15 американец
among* la'mAijl среди
and bend; and] и; a
angry Гаеддп] сердитый
to be angry with сердиться на
anima! Гжпипэ!] животное, зверь
another [э'плбэ! другой, еще
один
answer I'ansa] ответ; отвечать
any Tend 7 какой-нибудь, сколь-
ко-нибудь (в вопросит.предл.);
никакой (в отрицат. предл.);
всякий, любой (в утвердит,
предл.); кто-нибудь; никто
have you seen any new films?
ты видел какие-нибудь новые
фильмы?
we didn’t take any food with
us мы не взяли с собой ника-
кой еды
take any book бери любую
книгу
I didn’t meet any of them я ни-
кого из них не встретил
anybody l'em,bod]] 14 кто-ни-
будь (в вопросит, предл.); ни-
кто (в отрицат. предл,); лю-
бой (в утвердит, предл.)
did anybody ask for me? кто-
нибудь спрашивал меня?
she didn’t see anybody она
никого не видела
anybody can answer that ques-
tion любой может ответить на
этот вопрос
anything I'emGigl II что-нибудь
(в вопросит, предл.); ничто
(в отрицат. предл.); что угод-
но, всё (в утвердит, предл.)
have you eaten anything today?
ты ел что-нибудь сегодня?
he hasn’t done anything bad
он ничего плохого не сделал
we’ll do anything you say, мы
сделаем всё, что вы ска-
жете
applaud* (ypbrd) аплодировать
apple [zepll яблоко
April I'eipr-al] апрель
are lct| мн. глаг. to be
arithmetic [о'пбтэЬк] 17 ариф-
метика
army Г ami] 12 армия
art Lett! 14 искусство, живопись
art school школа живописи
artist Г odist] 16 художник
as (aez; ozl как, в качестве, когда,
в то время как
as ___ as так же ... как;
такой же .. ♦ как
as soon as как только
ask Icsk] спрашивать; просить,
попросить
to ask for help попросить
о помощи
did anybody ask for me? кто-
нибудь спрашивал меня?
170
at laet; at] в, на, у, за
at school в школе
at home дома
at camp в лагере
at the meeting на собрании
at the factory на заводе
at the door у двери
at the table за столом
at four o’clock в четыре часа
at the same time в то же са-
мое время
at the beginning вначале,
в начале (чего-л.)
at last 17 наконец
at night ночью
ate [etl см. eat
athlete l'a01i:t] 5 спортсмен
August ['o:gost] август
aunt [ant] тетя
autumn l'o:tom] осень
every autumn каждую осень
in autumn осенью
last autumn прошлой осенью
next autumn будущей осенью
В
back [bak] назад, обратно
to come back возвращаться
to give back возвращать,
отдавать
he isn’t back yet он еще не
вернулся
bad [baed] плохой
bag [bag] портфель, ранец, сум-
ка, чемодан
ball [Ьэ:1] мяч
barge* Ibozdsl баржа
basket-ball ('bccskitbo:!! баскет-
бол (игра)} баскетбольный мяч
be Ibi:] (was/were, been) быть,
существовать, находиться; яв-
ляться, представлять собой
to be back возвращаться
to be in bed быть в исстели
beautiful l'bju:taful] красивый,
прекрасный
became [bi'keim] см. become
because Ibi'koz) потому что;
так как
become [bi'kAm] (became, be-
come) 5 становиться, делаться
he became an engineer он стал
инженером
bedroom* I'bedrum] спальня
been [bi:n] cm. be
before [b/fo: 1 12 прежде, раньше;
до, перед; прежде чем, до того
как, перед тем как
1 have never seen him before
я никогда раньше не видел его
before Sunday до воскресенья
before him перед ним
before he went to school прежде
чем он пошел в школу
began tbi'gaen] см. begin
begin [bt'gin] (began, begun) на-
чинать
beginning Ibi'grmr)] начало
at the beginning вначале, в на-
чале (чего-л.)
from beginning to end от на-
чала до конца
begun 1 Ь1'длп1 см. begin
behind [bi'hamd] сзади, позади, за
bench [bentJ] скамейка, скамья
best [best] (прееосх. степ, от
good и well) лучший; самый
хороший; больше всего
171
best of all больше всего
(41 do my best я сделаю всё,
что могу ' (всё, что в моих
силах)
better Г beta] (сравнит. степ, от
good и well) лучше
between ibi'twirn] 5 между
big [big] большой
bird [ba:d] птица
birthday ГЬэ:Odeil день рождения
black Fblsek] черный
blackboard ГЫзекЬэ:с1] классная
доска
bloom* [blu;nd цвести
blue [Ын:} синий, голубой
dark blue темно-синий
book {bukl книга
born [bo:n]: to be born 17 po-
диться
bought [b?:tl cm. buy
box [boks] коробка, ящик
boy {bod мальчик
brave Ibreiv] храбрый
bread (bred l хлеб
bread and butter хлеб с мас-
лом
brown bread черный хлеб
breakfast {'brekfastl завтрак
at breakfast за завтраком
to have breakfast завтракать
to make breakfast готовить
завтрак
bridge Ibndjl 13 мост
bright Ibrait] яркий, светлый,
сверкающий; ясный
bring [brig] (brought brought)
приносить, привозить, при-
водить
brother 1'Ьглдэ] брат
brought [Ьгэ:1] см. bring
brown {brauni коричневый
build Ibddl (built, built) 10
строить
building rbiklig] здание, строе-
ние
built [bilt) cm. build
bum* [ba:n] гореть, сгорать,
сжигать
bus [bAsI автобус
bus stop автобусная остановка
to go by bus поехать авто-
бусом
business* ['bizmsl дело, занятие
business man деловой человек
busy* ['bizil занятой
to be busy быть занятым
but IbAtl но, а, однако
butter ГЬлЫ масло
buy {bad (bought, bought) по-
купать
by; by the river у реки, на
реке
by bus автобусом
by train поездом
by. tram трамваем
by plane самолетом
C
cake [keik} пирожное, торт, пи-
рожок, пирог .
calendar* I'kadindol календарь
came [keim] см. come
camera* I'kaemara] фотоаппарат
camp fkaemp) лагерь
at camp в лагере
camp-fire ('ksempjaial пионер-
ский костер
can [ben; konl (could) мочь;
уметь
172
capital I'ksepitlJ 13 столица
capitalist I'ksepitalist] 15 капи-
талист; капиталистический
captain fkaeptm] 15 капитан
car Jka] автомобиль» машина
to go by саг поехать на машине
care {keel забота
to take care (of) заботиться
(о ком’/t.y чем-л.), ухаживать
(за кем-я., чем-л.)
carry I'kaenl нести, переносить;
возить, перевозить
cat tkaet] кот, кошка
celebrate I'sehbred] 4 праздно-
вать
centimetre* rsenb,mi:tol санти-
метр
centre I'sentol 13 центр
century Tsentfun] 15 век, сто-
летие
chair It Jed стул
champion ['tjaempjanl 5 чемпион
chemistry {'kemistnl 14 химия
chess [tjesl шахматы
to play chess играть в шах-
маты
children i'tfildran] дети
cinema I'simmol кинотеатр
circle Isa;kl] кружок; круг
circus ['sarkas] цирк
city Tsiti) город
class [kJcts] класс (группа уча-
щихся)
classmate* I'klosmeitl однокласс-
ник
classroom I'klasrum] классная
комната
clean [kli:n] чистый; чистить,
убирать
clever Гкlevel умный
dimate* ['klaimitl климат
close Iklouz] закрывать
clothes fkloudz] одежда (нет
ед. ч.)
cloud Iklaud] облако, туча
club [к!лЬ] 3 клуб
coast [koust] 1! морской берег,
побережье
coat Fkout] пальто; пиджак
cold Ikould) холодный
it is cold холодно
I am cold мне холодно
collective farm [ka'lektiv 'fam]
колхоз
collective farmer fka'lek try 'famo]
колхозник
colour Гкл1э] 14 цвет
come 1клт} (came, come) при-
ходить, приезжать
come in! войдите!
to come into . ►. войти в .. <
to come out of... выйти из ...
to come to ♦ ♦ - 4 house прийти
к кому-я. в гости
Communist ['komjumstl комму-
нист; коммунистический
the Communist Party 3 Ком*
мунцстическая партия
compare* Iкэш'реэ! сравнивать
compete Ikam'piitl 5 состязать-
ся, соревноваться; принимать
участие в спортивном сорев-
новании
competition l,kompi'bfan) б со-
стязание, соревнование
chess competition шахматный
турнир
complete* Ikom'plktl закончить
173
comrade I'komnd] 10 товарищ
connected* [ko'nektid] связан-
ный
contents* ['kontants! содержа-
ние
continue Ikan'tmjud 11 продол-
жаться)
copeck ('koupekl 15 копейка
correct* [ko'rekt] правильный
corridor ['kondzH 10 коридор
cosmonaut I'kazmanoitl космо-
навт
cost (kostl (cost, cost) стоить
could [kudl cm. can
count Ikaunt] 17 считать
Country ['kAntnl страна; деревня!
сельская местность
in the country за городом
course [ko:sl: of course 3 конечно
cry [krail плакать; кричать
cup [клр] 16 чашка; кубок
D
dance- [dans] танцевать
dark [dak] темный
dark blue темно-голубой
It Is dark темно
day [ded день
one day однажды
dear [die] дорогой, милый
December (di'sembal декабрь
decide [di'said] решать
delegate* ['deligitl делегат
demonstration 1,demons'treifn]
демонстрация
at the demonstration на де-
монстрации
desk [desk] парта, письменный
стол
dialogue* ['daialogl диалог
did [didl cm. do
die Idail 4 умирать
different {'difrentl 7 другой, не
такой, непохожий
difficult I'difikolt] 14 труд-
ный
dinner L'dinal обед
at darner за обедом
•for dinner на обед
to have dinner обедать
to make dinner готовить обед
dirty rda:ti) 17 грязный
discuss* Idis'kAs] обсуждать
do [du:] (did, done) делать, вы-
полнять; вспомогат. глав,
для образования отрицат. и
вопросит, форм Present и
Past Indefinite
to do .. .'s lessons (homework)
готовить уроки
doctor I'dakta] доктор
dog Idog] собака
dollar* ['dalal доллар
done [d,\n] cm. do
door (do:l дверь
at the door у двери
draw [dra:] (drew, drawn) рисо-
вать
drawn [droin] cm. draw
dress Id res] платье
to make a dress шить платье
drew [dru:] cm. draw
duty ['djuitik to be on duty
дежурить-
the pupil on duty дежурный
(ученик)
174
each* li:tj] каждый
each ether 'лЗз| 5 друг
друга; друг другу
with each other друг с дру-
гом
ear bo] ухо
early Га: 1i] рано
early in the morning рано
утром
it is early рано
east [i:st] П восток
to the east на восток, к во-
стоку
easy I'izzi] легкий
it is easy легко
eat [i:t] (ate, eaten) есть
eaten Ii:tn] cm. eat
eight [eitj восемь
either I'atda] тоже, также
eleven li'levn] одиннадцать
else* [els] еще
end lend] конец; кончать(ся);
заканчиваться)
at the end в конце
from beginning to end от на-
чала до конца
energetic* beno'J^etik] энергич-
ный
engineer |,endji'nta] инженер
England firjglandl 13 Англия
English I'tgglijl английский;
английский язык
to speak English говорить по-
английски
enough Ii'nxfl 13 достаточный;
довольно, достаточно; доста-
точное количество.
even t'hvon] 7 даже
evening ['i-.vnigl вечер
good evening добрый вечер
in the evening вечером
(on) Saturday evening в суб-
боту вечером
ever* I'eva] всегда, когда-либо
every [’evn] каждый
everybody I'evnbodi) 3 все (люди);
каждый, всякий
everything ('evriQig] все
everywhere I'evriwee] 4 всюду,
повсюду, везде
example* lig'zampl) пример
excursion bks'kaijsn] экскурсия
exhibition beksi'bijn] 3 выставка
explain [iks'pletn] 3 объяснять
eye lai) глаз
F
face Ifeis] лицо
fact* [fsektl факт
factory I'faektarj] фабрика, завод
fall Иэ:П (fell, fallen) упасть,
падать
fallen ГЬ:1эп) cm. fall
family PfsemthJ семья
far If а] далекий, дальний; да-
леко
in the Far North на Крайнем
Севере
in the Far East на Дальнем
Востоке
as far as до (какого-л. места)
father Tfoda] отец
favourite I'feivontl 5 любимый
February I'februan] февраль
fell ifel] cm. fall
field lfi:ld] поле
fifteen l'fif'ti:n] пятнадцать
175
fifth [fifO] пятый
fifty I'frftil пятьдесят
fight (fait] (fought, fought) 4 борь*
ба» драка; бороться, сра-
жаться, драться
film [fdmJ фильм
find [faindl (found, found) на-
ходить
finish J'fimJI 4 заканчивать,
кокчать(ся)
fire t'faia] огонь; пожар; костер
to make a fire развести костер
on fire в огне
first [foist] первый; впервые,
сперва, сначала
for the first time в первый
раз, впервые
fish [ftJI 15 рыба
five [faivl пять
flag [flaeg] флаг
flat [fleet] 1 квартира
flew Him! CM. fly
flower ['{laud цветок
flown [Heun] cm. fly
fly [Hail (flew, flown) 8 летать
flyer ('f laid J летчик
fog* [fog] туман
folk* [fouk] люди
follow* ['fotoul следовать
following* ['folouigl следующий
food [fuid] 10 пища
the food was good нас хорошо
кормили
footbait f'futbxll футбол; фут-
больный мяч
football field футбольное поле
for (fo:; fat для, за, на, к; 15 в те*
чение, в продолжение
for Mother для матери
for dinner на обед
to go for a walk пойти погу*
лять
for the first time в первый раз
for next time к следующему
разу
for peace за мир
to send for a doctor послать
за доктором
to wait for an hour ждать
в течение часа
forest I'fonstl лес
forget [fo'get] (forgot, forgotten)
4 забывать
forgot cm. forget
forgotten [fo'gDtn] cm. forget
form [foirn] класс (ступень обу-
чения в школе)
in the Seventh Form в седь-
мом классе
forty {'bill] сорок
fought [bit] cm. fight
found [fannd 1 cm. find
four [fo:] четыре
free Ifriil 14 свободный, незаня-
тый; освободить
Friday I'fraidi} пятница
friend If rend] друг, подруга;
приятель, товарищ
to make friends with подру*
житься (с кем-л.)
friendship i'frendjip] 5 дружба
from (from; fram] из, с, от, у
from our garden из нашего
сада
from Leningrad из Ленинграда
from the table co стола
a letter from my friend письмо
от моего друга
176
not far from my house неда-
леко от моего дома
to take a book from smb.
взять книгу у кого-л.
from two to four от двух до
четырех часов
front [frAnt]; fa front of перед,
впереди
frost* (fnstl мороз
fmit (fru:tl фрукты
full I full полный, наполненный
fun* Пап} веселье
funny f'fani] смешной, забавный
G
game Igeim! игра
garden [gadnl сад
gave Igeivl ch. give
gay* icjetl веселый
geography [dji'ogrofil 13 геогра-
фия
get [get! (got, got) получать;
доставать; достигать
fa get tickets достать (ку-
пить) билеты
to get off выходить из (авто-
буса, трамвая)
to get on садиться в (авто-
бус* трамвай)
to get up вставать с постели
girl 1дэ;11 девочка, девушка
give [giv] (gave, given) давать
given [givn] см. give
glass [glttsl стакан; стекло
go Igoul (went, gone) ходить,
идти; ехать
to go back возвращаться
to go out выходить
to go in for (sports) 3 зани-
маться, увлекаться (спортом)
to go by bus (car, tram, train)
ехать автобусом (машиной,
трамваем, поездом)
to go for a walk пойти по-
гулять
to go to bed ложиться спать
to go to smb/s house ходить
к кому-л, в гости
going I'gouirjl: to be going to
собираться, намереваться (сде-
лать что-л.)
1 am going to write him a
letter я собираюсь написать
ему письмо
gold fgouldl 5 золото; золотой
gone [дэл| см- go
good [gud) хороший
good morning доброе утро
good afternoon здравствуйте
good evening добрый вечер
good night спокойной ночи
good-bye ['gud'bail! до свидания!
прощайте!
got I got] см. get
grammar ['дпегпа] 17 грамма-
тика
English grammar английская
грамматика
grandfather rgraend,fadol де-
душка
grandmother Гдгеп,гпддэ] ба-
бушка
grass [grcsl трава
great Igreit] 15 великий; боль-
шой
green !gri:nf зеленый
grey Igred серый
177
group* [gru:p] группа
guess* Fgesl догадаться
guest [gest] гость
gymnastics Idsim'njesbks] 5 гим-
настика
H
had [haed; hod] cm. have
had to должен был
hair [lieol волосы
half [hafl половина
half past two половина третьего
half ал hour полчаса
hand [hsend] рука (кисть)
happen ГЬгерэп] 4 случаться,
происходить
happy I'haepi] счастливый
1*11 be happy я буду рад
harvest ['b ovist] урожай
hat [haet] 17 шляпа
have [heev; hov] (had, had) иметь
to have breakfast (dinner,
supper, tea) завтракать (обе-
дать, ужинать, пить чай)
to have a good (nice) time
хорошо провести время
have to = must
he [hi:] он
head [hed] 14 голова
hear ]hia] (heard, heard) слышать
heard [ha:d] cm. hear
heart [hat] 16 сердце
hello f'he'lou]! здравствуйте!
help [help] помощь; помогать
her [ha:] её; свой; ей
here [hid] здесь, сюда
come here! иди сюда!
look here! посмотри!
hero ['hiorou) 4 герой
high [hai] 5 высокий; высоко
him [him] его; ему
his [Ihz] его; свой
history fh i$t9r>) 4 история
hockey fhoki] хоккей
holiday ['holddi] праздник
holidays ('holadiz] каникулы
home (hoem) дом, жилище; до-
мой
at home дома
homework ['hoiimwa:k] домаш-
няя работа, домашнее задание
honest* ('onistj честный
hope [hoop] 8 надежда; надеяться
hot (hot) горячий, жаркий
it is hot жарко
hour I'aua] 8 час
house [haus] дом
to go (come) to ...’s house
идти (приходить) к ному-л.
в гости
how [haul как
how long сколько времени
how many сколько
how much сколько
how old are you? сколько тебе
лет?
hundred ['hxndrad] сто; сотня
three hundred триста
hungry ['Ълддгг] голодный
J am hungry я голоден (я xo.
чу есть)
I
J Fat] я
idea lai'dia] мысль, идея
an idea came to me мне при-
шла в голову мысль
J78
if bfl если
ill [ill: to be ill быть больным,
болеть
to look ill выглядеть больным
imagine* [I'miedjml вообразить
Important [im'pxtanll 4 важный,
значительный
in [in) в, на (где?); в, в течение,
через (когда?)
in the yard во дворе
In the picture на картине
in the street на улице
in front of впереди, перед
in January в январе
in one hour в течение часа,
за час
industrial* (in'dAstrioll индуст-
риальный, промышленный
industry* ['indostnl промышлен-
ность
information* [/nfo'meifnl сооб-
щение, информация
interested ['mtnstidk to be in-
terested (in) 16 интересоваться
to become interested (in) заин-
тересоваться
interesting ['in tristig) интересный
into ['mtu; 'mta] в (куда?)
into the room в комнату
Is 3-е л, ед. ч. глаг. to be
island 1'aihndi 11 остров
it Lit} он, она, оно; это
it Is autumn осень
January I'djsenjusri) январь
July [dsu/lai] июль
jump [dgftjnpl прыгать
June [dsu:n] июнь
К
keep* [ki:p[ держать
key-word* ('ki:wo:dl ключевое
слово
kilometre ['kth,mi:toi 13 кило-
метр
king* [kig] король
knew [nju:l cm. know
know [nou] (knew, known) знать
known [noun] cm. know
Komsomol fkomsomolj 3 комсо-
мол; комсомольский
L
laboratory* [to'borotonl лабора-
тория
lake [leikj озеро
land* [land] страна; суша
language ['keggwicfcl язык
last [last) прошлый, последний
last week на прошлой неделе
at our last lesson на послед-
нем уроке
the last 7 последний
at last 16 наконец
late [leitl поздний; поздно
to be late опаздывать
late at night поздно ночью
it is late поздно
laugh IlctfJ смеяться
don’t laugh at her! не смейся
над ней!
leaf (pl leaves) 14 лист
learn |h:n) учить(ся)
leaves [H:vzl cm. leaf
left [left] 16 левый
on the left слева
to the left налево
less [les] 11 меньше
179
lesson [lesnl урок
let (letJ 8 позволять, разрешать;
давать
let me go to the party разре-
ши мне пойти на вечер
let her rest пусть она отдохнет
let’s play давайте играть
letter ['lets] буква; письмо
library t'laibranl 3 библиотека
life Ilaifl {pl lives) 4 жизнь
light llait) 13 свет; мн. ч. огни;
светлый
like 1 llaikl любить, нравиться
I’d Hke 12 мне хотелось бы
like а llaik] 10 подобный, похо-
жий; как
he looks like his father он по-
хож на своего отца
let’s do it like this сделаем
так
listen llisn) 7 слушать
little flitll маленький; мало
a little 11 немного
live. 11 iv 1 жить
lives Uaivz] cm. life
logically* [ '1 odjikal ij логически
London ['kndanj 13 Лондон
tong [lorj] длинный; долгий;
долго
how long сколько (о времени)
long ago давно
look [Juki смотреть, глядеть;
выглядеть
to look at смотреть на
to look for 3 искать
to look round оглядеться, по-
смотреть вокруг
to look like выглядеть как,
быть похожим на
he looks older он выглядит
старше
lose [lu:z] (lost, lost) терять
lost [lost] cm. lose
loud [laud] 16 громкий; громко
don’t speak so loud! не раз-
говаривайте так громко!
love Hav) 15 любовь; любить
love for smb, любовь к кому-л.
lunch* flAntJ) второй завтрак
М
machine [ma'fknl машина, ста-
нок
made ImeidJ см. make
magazine frm®gafziin] 3 журнал
make [meik] (made, made) де-
лать; заставлять
to make dinner готовить обед
to make a dress шить платье
to make a fire разводить кос-
тер
to make up a dialogue* соста-
вить диалог
we made him come early мы
заставили его прийти рано
man [лп^п} (pl men) человек;
мужчина
many I'mem] многие; много;
множество
how many сколько
map [maep] 13 географическая
карта
March I mat JI март
May [med май
may [mei] мочь
me [mi:] мне, меня
meaning* I'miznirj] значение
meat [mi:t] 11 мясо
130
medal* Imedti 5 медаль
meet [mi: 11 (met, met) встречать;
встречаться, собираться
meeting ['mi:tig] встреча, со-
брание
member I'membol 3 член
men [men! man
met [met] cm. meet
metre ['mictol метр
middle [mtdH 17 середина
in the middle в середине
milk fmilkl 13 молоко
million ['nuipnl 13 миллион
four million четыре миллиона
minute ['nnnrtl минута
mistake [mis'teik] 17 ошибка
by mistake нс ошибке
Monday I'niAndil понедельник
money Гтлгн] деньги
month [тлпб} месяц
moon [mum] луна
more [то:] {сравнит. степ, от
much и many) больший;
больше» более, еще
a day or two тоге еще день
или два
morning Гтэ:шд) утро
good morning доброе утро
in the morning утром
Monday morning в понедель-
ник утром
Moscow I'moskou] Москва
most [moustl 13 (превосх. степ.
от much и many) наибольший;
больше всего
most of all больше всего
most of them большинство из
них
mother Гтплбэ] мать
mountain ГтаипЬп] 17 гора
mouth ImauOl рот
much [тлф много
how much сколько
! like it very much мне это
очень нравится
museum [mju/zioml музеи
music I'mjiKzik} 16 музыка
must [iDAstl должен
my [mad мой, свой
N
name [neim] имя; фамилия; 15
называть
full name полное имя
second name = family name
фамилия
what is your name? как вас
зовут?
my name is ♦,. меня зовут ...
near (шэ! близко, поблизости,
недалеко, около; рядом
need [m:dl нуждаться (в ком-л.^
в чем-л.)
I need you ты мне нужен
1 need the book мне нужна
эта книга
Negro ['ni:grou] 14 негр
nest* [nestI гнездо
never I'neval никогда
new [njud новый
newspaper [*nju:s,peipal газета
wall newspaper стенная газета
New York l'nju:'jD:kl 15 Нью-
Йорк
next Inekstl следующий; буду-
щий
next year в будущем году
nice [nais] хороший, красивый,
приятный, славный, милый
IB1
to have a nice time хорошо
провести время
night Inaiti ночь
good night спокойной ночи
at night ночью
. nine [naml девять
no Jnoul нет; никакой
nobody I'noubadi] 7 никто
noise ItK>iz] шум
to make a noise шуметь
nonsense* j'rnnsansj глупости,
вздор, ерунда, чепуха
north (the) (пэ:01 север
north of к северу от
in the Far North на Крайнем
Севере
nose [nouz] нос
not inotl не, нет, ни
notebook ['noutbuki тетрадь
November (nou'vembed ноябрь
now [nauj теперь, сейчас
number ['плгиЬэ] номер; число,
количество
a number of целый ряд, много
О
o'clock [o'khk]: at three o’clock
в три часа
it is three o’clock три часа
October bk'toubs] октябрь
of fov; avj передается родитель-
ным падежом
the story of his life история
его жизни
the first of September первое
сентября
fire beginning of the month
начало месяца
of course [av’koisi 3 конечно
off (o:f; of] прочь, долой
to take off снимать (одежду)
to get off выходить из (авто-
буса, трамвая и т. д.)
office ['ofisl 16 учреждение; ка-
бинет
often b;fni часто
old [ouldl старый
how old are you? сколько
тебе лет?
) am fourteen years old мне
четырнадцать лет
he is two years older than
i am он на два года старше
меня
ол Гэп] на (где?); в, по (когда?);
по
on the table на столе
on Sunday в воскресенье
on different days в различные
дни (недели)
on the eighth of March 8 марта
on my way home по пути
домой
on TV по телевизору
one (wAtil один; некий
one morning однажды утром
one day однажды
only ГоипЬ) только
open I'oupan) открытый; откры-
ваться)
or Jo:] или; иначе, а то
other Г лба! другой, иной
each other друг друга
at each other друг на друга
with each other друг с другом
ottr I'aua] наш
out of I'aut fav] из
out of the window из окна
182
over I'ouvo}: to be over кончаться
the meeting fc over собрание
закончено
own* loun] собственный
P
page [petdjl страница
pair* [peol пара
parents I'pearants] 3 родители
park [рак] парк
part I pat I часть; деталь
to take part принимать участие
party ('pcttd вечер, вечеринка
pass Ipas) 11 проходить, про-
езжать, миновать
past 1 past I: five minutes past two
пять минут третьего
past tense* ['past 'tens] прошед-
шее время
pay [pei] 15 платить
peace ipizsl 5 мир
pen [pen I ручка, перо
pencil [pensll карандаш
pen-friend I'penfrend] друг no
переписке
people [pi:pl] люди
performance lpa'b:mans] пред-
ставление
person* Ipaisn} человек
photo correspondent* ['foutou
,k or is'pond ant] фотокорреспон-
дент
photographer* [fo'togrofol фото-
граф
picture 1'piktjtol картина
to take a picture фотографи-
ровать
pioneer [,paio'nia] пионер
the Pioneer House Дом пио-
неров
the Pioneer Room пионерская
комната
place Ipleisl место
plan Ipken] план; планирО’
вать
plane [pleml 8 самолет
plant [plant] сажать
plate* [pleitl кассета
platform* ГрЫ(э:ш] сцена
play [pled играть; 4 пьеса
please [pti:zl пожалуйста
plural* ('pluaroi] множественное
число
poem Грошт! стихотворение
point* [pointl пункт
poor [pus] бедный
port [po:tl 13 порт
potato IpG'tcitouJ II картофель
present [prezntl 11 подарок
principal ГрппзэрэИ 14 дирек-
тор школы
problem* ГргэЫэт] математи-
ческая задача
proud Ipraudl 10 гордый
prove* [prtuvl доказывать
pupil [pju:pll ученик
put [put] (put, put) класть, по-
ложить
to put on надевать
Q
quarter ['kxratoj четверть
question ['kwestjonl вопрос
to ask a question задавать
вопрос
quickly I'kwikhl быстро
L83
R
radio I'reidioul 3 радио
to listen to the radio слушать
радио
over the radio по радио
rain [rem] дождь
rain falls идет (льет) дождь
it is raining now идет дождь
it often rains here в этих ме-
стах часто идет дождь
ran [ггец] см. run
read [ri:d] (read, read) читать
read [red I cm. read
ready 1'redi) готовый
to be ready быть готовым
red Iredi красный
refuse [n'fjlKz] 12 отказываться
remember [n'menibal помнить
repeat* ln'pi:t] повторять
reporter* [n'porta] репортер
rest [rest] отдых; отдыхать
revolution [,reva']u:jnl револю-
ция
the Great October Socialist
Revolution Великая Октябрь-
ская социалистическая рево-
люция
rich IntJ] 7 богатый
right [гаit} правый; правильный,
верный; 16 правая сторона
he is right он пран
all right хорошо
that’s right правильно
on the right справа
to the right направо
river I'rival река
by the river у реки
road [rood] 13 дорога
room [rum] комната
rouble [ru:bll 12 рубль
round [raundl круглый; вокруг
run 1глп1 (ran, run) бегать, бе-
жать
Russia 1'глJal Россия
Russian Ггл/ап] русский; рус-
ский язык
S
said [sedl см. say
same Isciml тот же самый, оди-
наковый, такой же
sang [sa-ij] см. sing
sat (s®tl см. sit
Saturday ['saetadil суббота
save {seiv} спасать
saw [sxl cm. see
$ay [sei] (said, said) сказать,
говорить
school [$ku:l| школа
after school после уроков
at school в школе
to school в школу
schoolyard I'skuJjadl школьный
двор
scientist I'saiantist) 8 ученый
sea [sir! П море
season Isirznl время года, сезон
second 1 1'sekandi второй
second s* I'sekand) секунда
secret I'skkntl 7 секрет, тайна
see [si:] (saw, seen) видеть
seen (si:n]'c«. see
sell (sell (sold, sold) продавать
send [send] (sent, sent) посылать
sent [sent] cm. send
sentence* ['sentansl предложение
September fsap'tembal сентябрь
sergeant* I'sadjont] сержант
184
serious I'siams) 16 серьезный
seven Uevn] семь
she [Ji:] она
shine [Jain] (shone, shone) све-
тить
ship [Jip] 11 корабль, пароход
shoe I Ju:] 14 туфля, ботинок
shone [Jon] ex shine
shop Ijopl магазин
short I Jasti 13 короткий
shout I Jautj крик; кричать
show [ Jou] показывать
side [said) сторона
front side to side из стороны
в сторону
sign* Isam] знак
silver I'silvo] 5 серебро; сере-
бряный
simple [strnpll 14 простой; скром-
ный
sing [sig] (sang, sung) петь
sister ['sistoj сестра
sit Isitl (sat, sat) сидеть
to sit down садиться
situation* I'Sitju'eijn] ситуация
six [siks] шесть
skate [skeit] кататься на коньках
to go skating кататься на
коньках
skates [skeits] коньки
skating-rink ['skejbgnnk) каток
ski [ski:] ходить на лыжах
to go skiing ходить на лы-
жах
skis [skiiz] лыжи
sky Iskai] небо
in the sky на небе
slave* [slew] раб
sleep (sJi:pJ (slept, slept) слать
slept Islept I cm. sleep
slowly ['slouh] медленно
small fsmorll маленький
smile [smail) улыбка; улыбаться
snow Isnou} снег
it's snowing идет снег
it often snows here здесь часто
идет снег
snowdrop* ['snowdrop) подснеж-
ник
so Isoul так, таким образом;
также, тоже; итак; поэтому;
такой
the picture is so interesting
that . - * картина такая инте-
ресная, что < . .
Socialism r$oujolizm) 4 социа-
лизм
sold Isould) cm. sell
soldier I'souldja) 11 солдат
some [злгп] некий, некоторый,
какой-то, какой-нибудь; не-
сколько, немного, некоторое
количество
some place какое-то место,
где-то
some day когда-нибудь
some more еще (немного)
some time когда-то, когда-ни-
будь
somebody I'sAmbadil 14 кто-то,
кто-нибудь
something Гзлт6|(|] что-то, что-
нибудь
sometimes fsAmtaimz] иногда
son [sad] сын
song [sogl песня
soon [su:nl скоро, вскоре
as soon as как только, когда
1S5
sorry ['son): to be sorry (for)
(co)жалеть (о)
1 am sorry простите, изви-
ните
soup [sir pl 11 суп
south (sau0| юг
in the south на юге
south of к югу
to the south к югу
Soviet ('souvietl советский
the Soviet Union Советский
Союз
speak tspkk] (spoke, spoken) ro*
ворить, выступать
speaker* ['spiika] оратор, до-
кладчик
spoke [spouk] см. speak
spoken I'spoukan) cm. speak
6port(s) [spo:t; spo:ts] 3 спорт
' to go in for sport(s) заниматься
спортом
spring [sprig] весна
every spring каждую весну
In spring весной
last spring прошлой весной
next spring будущей весной
square (skweol площадь
Red Square Красная площадь
stand (st<end) (stood, stood)
стоять
to stand up вставать
star [steel звезда
statement* ['stertmontl утвер-
ждение
statue* ['stetju:! статуя
states (steitsl 13 штаты
stocking ['stokigl 14 чулок
stone [stounj камень
stood [stud] cm. stand
stop [stop] останавливаться),
п рекр ащать (ся); переставать
stop talking? перестаньте раз-
говаривать!
storm [st rm I 8 буря
story ('stain] рассказ
street [striztj улица
in the street на улице
strong [strop] сильный
student I'stjuidonti 14 студент
suddenly ['sAdnhl 10 вдруг, вне-
запно
suffix* I'sAfiks] суффикс
suit [sju:tl костюм
summer ['sAmal лето
every summer каждое лето
in summer летом
last summer прошлым летом
next summer будущим летом
sun (saoI солнце
in the sun на солнце
Sunday I'sAndd воскресенье
on Sunday в воскресенье
on Sundays по воскресеньям
last Sunday в прошлое воскре-
сенье
next Sunday в будущее во-
скресенье
every Sunday каждое воскре-
сенье
sung [satjI см. sing
supper TsApal ужин
to have supper ужинать
to make supper готовить ужин
at supper за ужином
sure [Juo]: to be sure быть уве-
ренным
surprised [so'pra izd |: to be sur-
prised 17 удивляться
IBS
swam Iswaeml см. swim
swim Iswim] (swam, swum) пла-
вать
to go swimming плавать
to go in for swimming зани-
маться плаванием
swum [swAm) cm. swim
T
table [teiblj стол
table tennis настольный тен-
нис
take Iteikl (took, taken) брать,
взять
to take off снять (одежду)
to take a bus поехать авто-
бусом
to take music lessons брать
уроки музыки
to take pictures фотографиро-
вать
to take care (of) заботиться (о)
to take part (in) 5 принимать
участие (в)
it took me two hours 8 мне
потребовалось два часа
taken I'teikan) см. take
talent* I'teelant) талант
talk [to:k] разговор, беседа; раз-
говаривать, беседовать, го-
ворить
taught [to:t] ан. teach
tea Iti:] чай
to have tea пить чай
teach [tktf] (taught, taught)
7 учить (кого-л.), обучать
teacher I'thtjs) учитель
team [ti:m7 5 команда (спорт.)
tell [tel] (told, told) говорить,
сказать; рассказывать; велеть,
приказать
ten Hen] десять
tent [tent) палатка
terrible {'terab i) 8 ужасный
text* Itekst} текст
than (Заев; don] чем
he is older than 1 am он старше
меня
thank Ifiaepk] благодарить
thank you спасибо
that fcket) (pl those) тот, та, то;
этот; 4 который; что
that’s right! правильно?
that’s all! всё?
the man that 1 saw yester-
day мужчина, которого я ви-
дел вчера
theatre t'Otoiol театр
their Idea] их; свой
them Idem; Oom] им; их
then [Sen] затем, потом, тогда
there [деэ] там, туда
there is (аге) имеется; есть,
находится
these ldi:z) см. this
they l&ed они
thing 10iг)] вещь, предмет
he told us many interesting
things он рассказал нам много
интересного
think 10igk] (thought, thought)
думать, считать
to think of придумать, поду-
мать о
third ]0a:dl третий
thirteen Гвэ/tkn] тринадцать
thirty l'0a:b] тридцать
187
this (3is? (pl these) этот, эта,
это
this time на этот раз
those [douz] см. that
thought [6э:Ц см. think
thousand ['Gauzandl 3 тысяча
three J9ri:| три
threw I6ru:] cm. throw
throw fSrou) (threw, thrown) бро-
сать
thrown [Qroun] cm. throw
Thursday ['0o:zdtJ четверг
ticket t'tikitl 17 билет
tie [tail галстук
till* ltd] до ’
time Haitnl время; раз
to have a good (nice) time
хорошо провести время
in time вовремя
it is time пора
what time is it? который
час?
for a long time долгое время
for the first time в первый
раз
tired Ktaiad] усталый, уставший
to be tired уставать
toltu:; tu; tai к, в, на (куда?)', до
to the door к двери
to the garden в сад
to the factory на завод
from my house to the park от
моего дома до парка
from three to five от трех до
пяти
ten minutes to six без десяти
минут шесть
today Ita'deil сегодня; в настоя-
щее время, сейчас
together [to'деда] вместе
told Itould] см. tell
tomorrow Пэ'тэтой] завтра
too (tu:] тоже, также; 12 слиш-
ком
took (tuk] cjw. take
tradition Itra'dtjanl 4 традиция
train Jtrem] поезд
to go by train ехать поездом
tram (trseml трамвай
to go by tram ехать трам-
ваем
translate Itrans'Jeit) 3 перево-
дить (с одного языка на другой)
to translate from English Into
Russian переводить с англий-
ского на русский
tree [tri:] дерево
the New-Year tree новогодняя
елка
try Itrai) стараться, пытаться;
пробовать
Tuesday rtju:zdd вторник
turner Г tonic] 7 слесарь
TV ('ti: 'vi:l телевизор
on TV no телевизору
to watch TV смотреть теле-
визор
twelve itwelvl двенадцать
twenty I'twenti] двадцать
two Itu:) два
U
uncle 1лдк1] дядя
under I'ftndaJ под
understand I,Anda'sbend] (under-
stood, understood) понимать
understood [.Ando'studI cm. un-
derstand
188
United States (the) [ju:'naitid
'steitsj 13 Соединенные Штаты
university* [Ju:m'va:sihl уни-
верситет
until Ion'til] 5 до; до тех лор,
пока
us I as) нам, нас
use !ju:zJ 7 употреблять, поль-
зоваться, использовать
usually ['jursuah] 12 обычно
V
vegetables I'vedjitablzl 13 овощи
very I'venl очень
the book is very interesting
эта книга очень интересная
I like this song very much я
очень люблю эту песню
view* Ivju: 1 точка зрения, взгляд
на вещи
visit ['vizitl 4 посещение, визит;
навещать, посещать
volley-ball I'voltbarll волейбол
(игра); волейбольный мяч
W
wait [weitj 7 ждать
walk lwo:k) прогулка; ходить
пешком; гулять
to go for a walk пойти по-
гулять
to go out for a walk выйти
погулять
wall two: 11 стена
want [vvontl хотеть, желать
I want you to go я хочу,
чтобы ты пошел
war two:] 5 война
warm hvxml теплый
it is warm тепло
I arn warm мне тепло
was Jwozl слс be
wash [wo Ji мыть(ся), умывать-
ся); стирать
watch [wotfl следить, наблю-
дать, смотреть
to watch TV смотреть теле-
визор
water ['wxto] вода
way [wed дорога, путь
on one’s way  по пути в
on the way back на обратном
пути
to lose one’s way заблудиться
we Iwi:) мы
Wednesday ['wenzdd среда
week [wi:kl неделя
every week каждую неделю
last week па прошлой неделе
next week на будущей неделе
in a week через неделю
welt (well хорошо
went [went! ели go
were Iwa:] cm. be
west [westI 13 запад
to (he west к западу
to go west отправляться на
запад
what Iwotl что; какой, что за
when [wenl когда
where [weal где, куда
whether* Twedo) ли
say whether you like to go on
excursions скажите, любите ли
вы ходить на экскурсии
which Iwitjl 16 какой, кото-
рый из
183
white [wail) белый
who Ihu:l кто; который
whole Ihoul] 13 весь, целый
why [wad почему, зачем
win [winl (won, won) 5 выиг-
рать, победить
wind [wind] ветер
window I'vvindou) окно
wing* [wig] крыло
winter ['witital зима
every winter каждую зиму
in winter зимой
next winter следующей зимой
last winter прошлой зимой
with [widj c
with you с вами, вместе с вами
without [wi'daut] 16 без
woman I'wumonl (pl women)
женщина
women ['wimml еле. woman
won’t—will not
won [wAnJ cm. win
wonderful I'wAndaful] 14 заме-
чательный, чудесный, удиви-
тельный
word lwo:dl слово
work [wo:kl работа; работать
worker l'wo:ko] рабочий
workshop ('wa:kJap] 7 мастерская
work-table l'\vo:k,teibl] 7 рабо-
чее место
world [world] 3 мир; вселенная
all over the world во всем мире
worse [wa:$] 16 хуже
worst [wa:st] 16 самый плохой
write (rattl (wrote, written)
писать
written [ntnl cm* write
wrote (rout] cm. write
Y
yard Ijad] двор
year [jo:] год
the New Year Новый год
a Happy New Year! с Новым
годом!
she is fourteen years old ей
четырнадцать лет
yellow I'jeloul желтый
yes [jes] да
yesterday I'jestodi] вчера
yesterday evening вчера вече-
ром
the day before yesterday по-
завчера
yet I jet] 4 еще не
you [ju:l вы. ты
young fjAfl] молодой, юный
young people молодежь
your [jo: J ваш, твой
yourself* [p/sell] сам, сама;
себя
Z
Zoo Izu:] зоологический сад
190
CONTENTS
Lesson 1 . . . .................................  3
A Story about a Clever Dog..................  5
Father’s Birthday ..........................  7
Plans for Excursions .......................  9
Lesson 2.........................................  16
The Present Continuous Tense ......... —
Lesson 3.........................................  24
The Exhibition (Part One).....................26
The Exhibition (Part Two) ........... 29
Lesson 4 . . . ...................................35
A Letter to an English Pen-friend (Part One) ... 37
A Letter to an English Pen-friend (Part Two) ... 41
The Seasons................................  43
Lesson 5.........................................47
The Olympic Games (Part One) ......... 51
The Olympic Games (Part Two) ........ 55
Lesson 6.....................................  .	59
The Present Perfect Tense ....................—
Lesson 7.........................................68
The Old Man’s Secret.........................71
Soviet Friendship .........................  74
Lesson 8.........................................81
Soviet Plane Saves Four Belgian.Scientists .... 84
Lesson 9 ........ ...............................87
The Story of Icarus ..........................—
Lesson 10........................................91
A Picture of Lenin (Part One)..............  92
A Picture of Lenin (Part Two)................94
Lesson 11........................................96
Four Soviet Heroes (Part One)................98
Four Soviet Heroes (Part Two)................101
191
Lesson 12......................................  105
A Laconic Answer...........................  107
Lesson 13.......................................  Л0
An Island Country (Part One).................Ill
An Island Country (Part Two) ......... 115
Lesson 14......................................  119
Nancy’s Best Picture (Part One)..............121
Nancy’s Best Picture (Part Two)..............124
Lesson 15........................................129
From the History of New York (Part One) . . . .130
From the History of New York (Part Two) . . . 133
Lesson 16........................................137
The Heart of Art (Part One) .................139
The Heart of Art (Part Two)..................144
Lesson 17........................................149
Abraham Lincoln as a Boy (Part One)..........152
Abraham Lincoln as a Boy (Part Two)..........155
Lesson 18........................................161
Plans for an Excursion ......................—
Six Serving-Men..............................168
Vocabulary.......................................169
Рисунки художника T. И. Алексеевой.
192