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6


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Y CTpaHeHHe CHrMaTH3Ma MOm:eT .ZI.OCTHraTbCfI pa3JIH<:iHbIMH cnoc06a-
MH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT xapaKTepa caMoro He.ZI.OCTaTKa.
1. npH Me1K3y6HoM CHrMaTH3Me JIorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JIaraeT YllaII{eMycH
C6JIH3HTb 3y6bI H B 3TOM nOJIO:H<eHHH nbITaTbCH npoH3HecTH .nJIHTeJlbHO
3BYK C. ECJIH 3BYK C 3BY<:iHT He.nOCTaTO<:iHO <:ieTKO, JIorone.n. MOm:eT nOMOqb
yqaw..eMycH. H8m:aB CnenH8JIbHbiM 30H.ZI.OM HJIH KOHnOM lUnaTeJIfi Ha KOH-
qHK fl3blKa H HeCKOJIbKO onycTHB ero 3a HHm:HHe pe3nbI. JIorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JIa-
raeT yqameMYCH npoH3HoCHTb 3ByK C BHaqaJIe H30JIHpOBaHHo, a 3aTeM
B COlleTaHHH C rJlaCHbIMH a, 0, y, 61 B npfiMbIX H 06paTHbIX CJIorax.
Kor.ZI.a YllamHHCfI OBJIa.ZI.eeT npaBHJJbHbIM npOH3HOlUeHHeM 3BYKa C,
eMY 6Y.ZI.eT ym:e HeTPY.ZI.HO OBJIa.ZI.eTb H npaBHJIbHbIM npOH3HOlUeHHeM 3BY-
KOB 3 H '4.
JIJIfi Toro IlT06bI HayqHTb lUKOJIbHHKa npaBHJIbHO npOH3HOCHTb 3BYK
3, J1orone.n. npe.ZI.JIataeT eMY, npOH3HOCfl 3BYK C, BKJIIO<:iaTb rOJIOC, a .ZI.JIfi
BbIpa60TKH npaBHJIbHoro npOH3HOlUeHHfI 3BYKa q nOBTOpflTb no.npfl.ZI. 3BY'"
KH m H C, CHalla.na Me.ZI.JIeHHO, a 3aTeM nOCTeneHHO y6bICTpHH TeMn, .ZI.06H-
BaHCb CJIHTHOro nepexo.na OT 3BYKa m K C (mc).
4eTKoe nOHHTHe 0 TOM, <:iTO 3BYK q flBJlHeTCH COCTaBHbIM H npH 9TOM
e.ZI.HHbIM, cnaflHHbIM, Y<:ieHHK nOJIY<:iaeT npH npoH3HeceHHH CJIOrOBbIX CO-
lleTaHHH, KOTopble HaqHHalOTCH C 3aKpbIToro CJIora a14, 0'4, Y'4, r.ZI.e HCHO
CJIbIJlIHTCH, qTO 3BYKY C npe.nlUeCTBYeT B3pbIBHOH 3BYK (m).
COnOCTaBJIeHHeM CJIOroB aq H ac .nOCTHraeTCH HCHaH .nH<IxI'epeHllHa-
nHfI npOCToro C H CJIom:Horo '4. 
2. npH yCTpaHeHHH fy6Ho-3y6Horo CHfM8TH3Ma J1orone.n. npe.ZI.JIa-
raeT Y<:iameMycH npoH3HocHTb 3BYK C npH pa3.ZI.BMHYThlX ry6ax H 06Ha-
m:eHHbIx KpaHx Pe3l\OB (noKa3blBaeT .B 3epKaJle). ECJIH YIlam.I1HCH He HOC-
npOH3BO.ZI.HT 3Toro .nBHm:eHHH caM, JIorone.ZI. nOMOraeT eMY, OH npH.ZI.ep1KH-
BaeT HHm:HIOIO ry6y Y<:iaII{erOCH, 06Ham:8H TaKHM 06pa30M pe311bI, H npe.n-
;n:araeT eMY npOH3HOCHTb 3BYK C, npH.ZI.ep:H<HBafi naJlbneM HH:H<HIOIO ry6y
caMOCTOflTeJIbHO. Kor.ZI.a 3BYK C 3a3BYllHT y yqeHHKa npaBHJIbHO (npH H30-
J1HpOBaHHOM npoH3HeceHHH :JToro 3BYKa), JIorone.ZI. npHY<:iaeT Y<:ieHHKa npo-
H3HOCHTb 3BYK C B COlleTaHHH C rJIaCHbIMH, CHaqaJIa C MexaHHlleCKoA no-
MOmblO (npH.ZI.epRillBafi naJl611eM HHm:HIOIO ry6y), 3aTeM H 6e3 Hee.
3. npH npH3y6HoM CHrMaTH3Me JIorone.ZI. Mom:eT nOJIb30BaTbCH .ZI.B)'MH
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HHH KpaH H3blKa onycTHTb ero 3a HHm:Hlfe pe311bl, qToObI BbI.ZJ.bIXaeMblH
B03.nyX npOXO.ZI.HJI <:iepe3 3y6HYIO meJIb; 6) JIorone.n. npeMaraeT Y'!3ll\eMY"
CfI .ZI.epm:aTb nepe.n.HHH KpaH H3bIK8 MeJK.ZI.Y HIDKHHMH H BepXHHMH .pe3li.a...
MH, nmpoKo paCnJIaCTaB ero; npM TaKOM nOJIOJl<eHHH H3bIKa yqaw.. HHCJi ,
9

BbI.ZI.bIxaH B03.ZI.YX, Or.qyr.qaeT ero CTPYIO Ha KOHqHKe H3blKa H npOH3BO.ZI.HT
3BYK, nOXO}l{JIH Ha rneneJlHBOe (MeJK3y6Hoe) c. 3aTeM Jlorone.ZI., CJIerKa Ha-
>KHMaH rnnaTeJleM Ha paCnJlaCTaHHblH nepe.nHHH KpaH H3b1Ka, nOCTeneHHO
OTO.ZI.BHraeT ero 3a HH>KHUe pe3L1.bl, H Y1J:eHHK npOH3HOCHT 3BYK C npH Ta-
KOM nOJlO>KeHHH H3b1Ka. Kor.na ycraHoBHTCH npaBHJ1bHOe npOH3HorneHHe
,SBYKa C, T. e. Kor.na yqaIlI.HHCH CMO>KeT y.nep)KHBaTb npaBHJlbHOe nOJlO)Ke-
HHe H3bIKa y)Ke 6e3 MeXaHHqeCKOH nOMor.qH (6e3 nOMep>KKH 30H,l{a HJlH
rnnaTeJ1H), nOCTaBJleHHblH 3BYK C MO)KHO BKJlI01J:I1Tb B CJIOrH, CJIOBa If .ZI.11<p-
epeHllHpOBaTb ero CO 3BYKaMI1 3 H q.
4. Y crpaHeHHe UlHnHll\erO CHrMaTH3Ma oCYIII.ecrBJlHeTcH npHbwM,
YKa3aHHbIM B nYHKTe «6», npH onHcaHHH cnoc060B HCnpaBJleHIIH npH3y6-
HOro CHrMaTH3Ma. B .naHHoM. CJIyqae He06xo.ZI.HMO OTyqlITb yqar.qerocH
OT npHBblqKH HanpHraTb H3blK H OTTHrHBaTb ero B rJly6b pTa. Kor.ZI.a 3TO
6Y.ZI.eT .nOCTHrnYTO, MO)KHO nocreneHHo nepeBO.ZI.HTb KOHqHK H3bJ:Ka 3a
HH)KHHe pe3libl, qTO d6blqHO npOHcxO.ZI.HT aBTOMaTHqeCKH.
5. npH HCnpaBJleHl111 60KOBoro CHrMaTH3Ma pa60TY peKOMeH.ZI.yeTcH
npoBo.ZI.HTb TaK: BHaqa.ne cJle.nYeT npHyqHTb Y1J:all\erOCH .ZI.YTb C npocYl:lY-
ThIM MeJK.ZI.Y ry6aMH rnHpoKo paCnJlaCTaHHblM nepe.ZI.HHM KpaeM H3b1Ka,
3aTeM Ha.ZI.O, tIT06bl yqeHHK .ZI.YJl npH Me)K3y6HoM nOJlO)KeHHH nepe.ZI.HerO
KpaH H3b1Ka. 3.ZI.eCb MO)KHO .naBaTb CJIOrOBble ynpa)KHeHHH, BKJllOqaTb B
ynpa)KHeHHH CJIOB8 H .ZI.a)Ke pa3bl, co.nep)KaIl\He 3BYK c. nOcTeneHHo
nepe.ZI.HHH KpaH H3blKa nepeBo.ZI.HTCH 3a HH)KHHe pe311bl. KaK 31'0 CJIe.ZI.yeT
C.ZI.eJ1aTb, Jlorone.ZI. nOKa3bIBaeT B 3epKaJle, a eCJlH O.ZI.Horo nOKa3a OKa3bl-
BaeTCH He.ZI.OCTaTOqHO, npHMeHHeT 30H.ZI. HJlH rnnaTeJlb. npaBHJlbHOe npo-
H3HorneHHe 3BYKa C, 3aKpenJlHHCb B KHHeCTeTHqeCKOM or.qyr.qeHHI1 yqeHHKa
Hero CJlYXOBOM npe.ZI.craBJleHHH, craHoBHTCH npHBblqHbIM.
6. npH YCTpaHeHHH HOCOBoro CHrMaTH3Ma TaK)Ke He06xo.ZI.HMO npe.ZI.-
BapHTeJlbHO pa60TaTb C yqaIII.HMHCH Ha.ZI. TeM, QTo6bI B03.nyX npaBHJlbHO
.BbIXO.ZI.HJI qepe3 cepe.nHHY pOTOBOH nOJloTH. C 3TOH lleJiblO nOJle3HO npo-
BO.ZI.HTb TaKHe ynpa>KHeHHH, B KOTOpbIX hpe.ZI.JJaraeTCH 3a.ZI.YBaTb CBeqy,
CnHqKY, nOMYBaTb BaTKY, .ZI.YTb Ha 6YMa)KKY H np. Ynpa>KHeHHH .ZI.OJl)KHbl
npoBO.ZI.HTbCH npH MeJKry6HoM, a 3aTeM MeJK3y6HOM nOJlO)KeHHH nepe.ZI.HerO
KpaH H3bIKa (CM. n. 5). 1l0cTHrnYB rneneJlHBoro npOH31;I0rneHHH 3BYKa C,
Jlorone.ZI. MO)KeT .ZI.aTb yqall\eMycH ynpa)KHeHHH Ha npoH3HeceHlIe 31'0ro
3BYKa B CJIOBaX H pa3ax. TaKHM 06pa30M y yqar.qerocH 3aKpenJlHeTCH
HaBbIK npoH3HeceHHH 3BYKa C Ha npaBHJlbHOM BbI.ZI.Oxe, CTpyIO KOToporo
OH MO}l<eT OIl\YIII.aTb Ha KOHqHKe CBoero H3bIKa, npOCYHYTOro Me)K.ZI.Y
3y6aMH.
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nOCTeneHHO nepeBo.nHTb ero KOHqHK 3a HI1)KHHe pe3L1.bl, B pe3YJlbTaTe
BpeMeHHoe rneneJlHBOe npOH3HorneHHe 3aMeHHTCH npaBI1J1bHbIM.
10

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TaK KaK Bce nepeqHCJIeHHbie He.ZI.OCTaTKH npOH3HOllIeHHH 3BYKa C
nOqTH Bcer)],a nepeXO)],HT Ha 3BYKI1 3 11 q, TO K I1CnpaBJIeHHlO 3THX 3BYKOB
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B CJIyqae, eCJIH yqaHHCH He 03BOHqaeT 3BYK 3, JIorone.ZI. MO}!{eT I1C-
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pa60TKe .ZI.11<!xPepeHUl1aUHI1 3BOHKoro 3 H rJIyxoro C.
npH HCnpaBJIeHHH npoH3HOllIeHHH 3BYKa q peKOMeH.ZI.yeTcH nOCJIe
nOCTaHOBKH ero B 1130JII1pOBaHHoM BH)],e nepexo)],HTb K CJIOrOBbIM ynpa}!{He-
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60JIbllIeH qih'KOCTH npOH3HOllIeHHH.
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He.ZI.OCTaTKH np0l13HOllIeHHH CBHCTHHX 3ByKOB (Me}!{3y6Hoe, ry6Ho-
3y6Hoe, npH3y6Hoe, 60KoBoe H HOCOBoe npOH3HOllIeHl1e) MorYT BCTpeqaTb-
CH H B rpynne IlIl1nHHX 3BYKOB (Ul, 3IC, It, ).
KpoMe Toro, IlIl1nHHe 3BYKI1 qaCTO 3aMeHHIOTCH CBHCTHHMH,
HanpHMep 3BYK Ul 3aMemieTCH 3BYKOM C, 3BYK :JfC - 3BYKOM 3, 3BYK It -
3BYKOM q, 3BYK  - 3BYKOM Cb. TaKaH 3aMeHa Ha3bIBaeTCH napacHI'-
MaTH3MOM.
3TOT .ZI.eq>eKT MO}!{HO YCTpaHHTb CJIe.ZI.YIOHM cnoco60M.
npl1 nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa Ul JIorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JIaraeT yqameMYCH npOH3Ho-
CHTb 3BYK C H B 3TO BpeMH, nO.ZI.BO.ZI.H IlInaTeJIb HJIH 30H)], no.ZI. KOHqHK H3bI-
Ka, nO.ZI.HHMaeT era 3a BepxHHe aJIbBeOJIbI; npH TaKOM nOJIO}!{eHHI1 BMeCTO
C CJ1bIIlIHTCH 3BYK Ul, BMeCTO 3 -:JfC. JIorone.ZI. nOCTeneHHO npHyqaeT yqa-
erocH Y.ZI.ep}!{HBaTb H3blK B TaKOM nOJIO}!{eHI1H H, CJIerKa Ha}!{HMaH naJIb-
uaMH Ha yrJIbI ero pTa, Bbl.ZI.BHraeT ry6bl Bnepe.ZI. (.ZI.JIH JIa6HaJIH3aUHH co-
QIaCHbIX). KOHTpOJIUPYH npl1 nOMOH 3epKaJIa nOJIO}!{eHHe CBOI1X ry6 11
H3blKa, yqaHHCH 3aKpenJIHeT npaBHJIbHOe npOH3HOllIeHI1e 3BYKOB Ul H :JfC
B CJ10rax, CJIOBaX H q>pa3ax H .ZI.11<!xPepeHUHpYeT I1X YCTHO H nl1CbMeHHO co
CBHCTHHMH C H 3.
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BpeMH, nO.l1.JIO}!{HB no.ZI. nepe.ZI.HHH KpaH H3blKa IlInaTeJIb IIJIH 30H.ZI., nO.ZI.HH-
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Ha}!{HMaeT naJIbuaMH Ha yrJIbl pTa, BbIJI.BHraH ry6bl Bnepe)], (.ZI.JIH J1a6HaJlH-
3aUHH 3BYKa). npH TaKOM nOJIO}!{eHHH H3bIKa 11 ry6 BMeCTO CJIora amb
11

CJ1bIIllHTCH alt, BMeCTOOmb-Olt, BMecTO ymb - ylt H T. .n. no Mepe Toro
K8K 3TOT 3BYK SaKpenJIHeTCH B KHHeCTeTHqeCKOM H CJIYXOBOM npeJ.{CT8BJIe-
HHH yq8IqerOCH,"" OH HaqHHaeT npOH3HOCHTb era caMOCTO$JTeJIbHO (6es
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Bax H <l>pa3ax. Heo6xQ.ZI.HMO Y.ZI.eJIHTb BHI1MaHHe H ynp8>KHeHHHM Ha J.{11<l>cpe-
peHl.I.Hal.l.HIO 3Toro 3BYKa co 3BYKaMH C H q B YCTHOH H nHCbMeHHOH <l>opMe.
npH nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa  JIorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JIaraeT yqaIqeMYCH npo-
H3HOCHTb .ZI.JIHTeJIbHO CMHrqeHHOe W (WbWb) HJIH CJ10r aCb H B 3TO BpeMH
TaK }Ke, KaK npH nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa 4, nOJ.{HI1MaeT llInaTeJIeM HJII1 30H.ZI.OM
KOHqHK H3bIKa K BepXHHM aJIbBeOJIaM, OTqerO nOJIyqaeTCH 3BYK Wblab
HJIH . 3TOT 3BYK, 3aKpeI1JleHHbIH BHaqaJIe B OTKpbITbIX CJIorax, 3aTeM
B 3aKpbITbIX, a nOTOM B CJ10BaX H <l>pa38X, Heo6xo.ZI.JiMO .ZI.\1$PepeHl.I.HpOBaTh
YCTHO H nHCbMeHHO co 3BYK8MH Cb If la.
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npOBo.ZI.HTb npliMepHo B CJIe.ZI.YIOIqeM nOpH.ZI.Ke:
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XQJIOAHee. OKOJIO COCHbI 6b1JtH llJHWKI!. B ca.n;y pocJIa Kpac-
,10

HaR CMOpO):{HHa. CaHHTapHaH KOMHCCHH CJIe):{HT 3a QHCTO-
TOH KJIaCCa. JIec OOHaMHJICH.
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. CTOHT cyxaR OCeHb. JIHCTbH OCbmaJIHCb B OCeHHeM ca,lJ.Y.
CerO,lJ.HSI COHe HCnOJIHHJIOCb ceMb JIeT. HedT MeHH JIHCa 3a
TeMHble JIeca.
16

3aJl.aHue.
lJ.aTb nOJIHble OTBeTbI Ha BonpOCbI yCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
KTo CTOUT Ha nOCTY?
KTo YKYCUJI CHMY?
re paCTer COCHa?
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4TO HacTynaeT nOCJIe 3UMbI?
C JI 0 B a  JI H C n p a B 0 K: oca, COlloam, 8 Ilecy,
eecna, COBa.
3a,lJ.aHue.
npOQI1TaTb nOCJIOBHUbI, 3ara.ZI.KH H CKoporoBopKH.
BblYQHTb nOCJlOBHUbI, 3ara)J,KH H CKoporOBopKH HaH3}'CTb H 3anHcaTb HX
no naMSITH.
n 0 C JI 0 B H U. bl.
}:{eJIO MaCTepa 60HTCH.
BceMY CBOe BpeMH.
Eeperu HOC B CUJIbHbIH MOp03.
re CHer, TaM H CJIe.
KOCH, Koca, nOKa poca, poca .n;OJIOH, H MbI OMOH.
3 A rAn: K H.
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(Y/ZumKa.)
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(naymuna.)
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(JIucmbR.)
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C COHbKOH Ha caHKax;
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17

OCHn OCHn,
ApXHn OXpHn.
Il1JIH COpOK MbI, llIeH
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HeCJIH no .nBa rpOllia.
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3a.u.aHHe.
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3a 3a 33 - 3aHKa
30 30 30 - 30HT
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18




3aJl.aHHe.
npOIJHTaTb H cnHcaTh npe.ZI.JIO}!{eHHH.
y 3011 sa3a. B sa3e p03bI. Pa3,nancH 3BOHOK. JIII3a ono-
3,naJia-B KJIacc. Y 3011 O()JIHT 3YObI. 30H 3HaeT a30YKY. l1.e-
...
TII BXO,lJ.HT S 3aJI:- 30H paooTaeT Ha B03,lJ.yxe. B03,nyX nOJIe-
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HT y JIII3bI. Ha Heoe 3aaJIeJIa 3apH. 30H npaBIIJIbHO pac-
CTaBIIJIa 3HaKII npenllHaHIIH.
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3a,lJ.aHlle.
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CnHcaTb CJIOrH H CJIOBa.
311 311 311;- 3HMa
se 3e 3e - 3es
19

3e 3e 3e - 3epHa
3H 3H 3H - 3H6.nMK
3HHa
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3HMa. 3HHa lIMTaeT «MYP3MJIKY». B Kop3MHe 3eMJIHHHKa."
Y 3HHbI 3H6HYT PYKM. B Mara3MHe pe3MHOBbIe canOfM..
3HMa Mopo3HaH. 3MHa cnMT Ha B03Ayxe. 3eJIeHeeT TpaBa.
06e3bHHbI B03MJIMCb B KJIeTKe. fa3eTY npMHeCJIM C on03,D;a-
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20
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B KOJIX03e 3aKOHlIHJICH ceB JIbHa. MOM 6paT 3,lJ.OpOB. rpH3-
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B ,lJ.BepH rJIa30K.\ B nopTY rpY3HJIH ap6Y3bI. BeperH HOC B
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,lJ.eJIalOT 3apH,lJ.KY.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
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C JI 0 B a ,lJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: nO/lB3ltbte UCKOnae.Mbte,
603iJyx, 6oiJa, KamaltUe Ita caHKax.
3aAaHHe.
np01JHTaTb nOCJIOBHUbI, CKoporoBopKY.
BblY1JHTb nOCJIOBlIUbl11 CKoporOBopKY HaH3YCTb H sanHcaTb I1X no naMHTH.
DOC JI 0 B 11 U. hI
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He eCT OB1I.a OBca,
a >K,lJ.eT C TpeBoroM KOC1l.a.
21
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YnpHeHHH ,lJ.H aBTOMaTH3aHH npOH3HomeHHH 3BYKa q.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
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rHe3,lJ.a. TITH1I.bl - ,lJ.PY3bSI Ca,lJ.OB" TITHI.{bl noeAalOT - ryceHHI.{.
B ca.u.y I.{BeTeT aKaI.{HSI. KypHI.{a cHec.na SIH1I.O. KYPHa Bbl-
Be.na I.{bm.nSIT.
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C, 3, q.
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B CJJOBax H npe,lJ.JIO}f{eHHHX.
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paccKa3bl - . . .
23

3a,lJ.aHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapIICOBaHHbIe npe.llMeTbI II 3anIIcaTb HX Ha3BaHHH.
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KY,lJ.a npM6bIBaeT noe3,u?
KY,lJ.a nOCT8BHJlH P03Y?
KaKOH 3BepeK 6bIBaeT 3MMOH 6eJlbI'A, a JIeTOM cepbIM?
. Koro Ha3bIBalOT ynpSlMbIM?
f,lJ.e H3rOTOBJlSllOT 9JIeKTpOB03bI H rpY30BMKH?
KaK Ha3bIBaeTCSI rpynna 3Be3,lJ.?
K8K Ha3bIBaeTCSI IJHCJ10, nOJIYIJeHHoe OT BbIIJHTaHMH?
C JI ° B a ,lJ. JI H C n p a B ° K: Ha 80K3aA, 6 Ba3Y., OCJla t
3aJl.l{, Ha 3a800ax, C038eaOlle, pa3HOCmblO.
°";25

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Y nO)J,'be3)J,a . . . TaKCH. B .necy nocne.na c.na,lJ.KaH . . . .
MaMa McneK.na nMpor C . . .. Ha CTo.ne CTOMT . . . C p03aMH.
nOe3)J, . . . Ha ceMb MHHYT. 3MMOH CTOH.nH... MOp03bI.
CaMo.neT B3H.n . . . Ha ceBep. KpeM.neBcKMe... HP KO ro-
pHT. KocMoHaBToB... 3Be3,lJ.HbIMH 6paTbHMH. B MocKBY
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B CCCP npOH3BeJIM... cnYTHHKOB. Ha OKHax BHCeJIH
3eJIeHbIe . . .
3a,lJ.aHHe.
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no n8MHTH.
no C JI 0 B HU.bI.
Y cTpaxa r.na3a BeJIHKH.
CKa3a.n KaK Y3.nOM 3aBH3aJI.
3HaHKa Bce C nOJIyc.nOBa nOHHMaeT, a He3HaHKa Ha Bce
TO.nbKO pOT pa3eBaeT.
Bce 3a O)J,Horo, O)J,HH 3a Bcex.
3 A r A .lJ. K H.
Be3 PYK, 6e3 Hor, a Ha xaTY 3a6paJICH.
(P'bl.M. )
Be3 OKOH, 6e3 ,lJ.BepeH, nOJIHa ropHMua JIIO,lJ.eH.
(Ozypel{.)
Ha CHHHH JIe,lJ. cepe6pHHbIe 3epHa pa36pocaHbI.
(3ee3dbl. )
BBepxy 3eJIeHO, BHH3Y KpacHo J B 3eMJIIO BpOC.nO.
(CeeK/la.)
.
26

BeCHOR BeCeJIMT, OCeHblO nMTaeT, JIeTOM XOJIO,lJ.MT, 3MMOR
corpeBaeT.
(p'epeeo.)
C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K 11.
Y OCbI He YCbI,
He YCMIIJ,a,
a YCMKM!
B ceMepo caHeR,
no ceMepo B caHM
yceJIMCb caMM.
I1Ae-r c K030H
KOCOR K03eJI.
Ee>KMT JIMCa
no rneCTOq KY J
JIM3HM, JIMCa,
necoqKyl
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B CJlOBax H npe,lJ.J10>KeHHJlx.
3a.u.aHHe.
npOQlIT8Tb " cnlIC8Tb CJlOB8.
COK - l.{OK
ceJI - l.{eJi
6ac - 6al.{
ceHO - l.{eHa
3a.u.aHHe.
cBeT ......... l.{BeT
6YCbI - 6YTl.{bI
Ca6JISI - l.{anJiH
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lia3BaTb HapllcoBaHHe npe.ZI.Mer " SanijC8Tb "X H8SB8H"H.
o
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- 27

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6YKBbI.
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MeCH... .ne... TH Hl.{a ""::. KBOpel.{
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MO.nb...bI. l{PY3bH .ne...a 3a6oTHT...H 0 ,lJ.epeBbHX. A.nbnH-
HHCTb! nO)I,HHMaIOT...H B ropbI. 3KCne,lJ.H...HH OTnpaBH.na...
Ha ...eBep. MbI noceTH.nH BbI...TaBKY AeTcKoro pH..YHKa.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
. JJ:aTb nOJlHbie OTBeTbI H8 BonpOCbI YCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
KTO y.neTaeT oceHblO Ha lOr?
KTO y KOHYPbI CH,lJ.HT Ha l.{enH?
f,lJ.e BocnHTbIBalOTCH Ma.neHbKHe AeTH?
f,lJ.e OCTaHaB.nHBaeTCH nOe3,lJ.?
KTO JU06HT TaCKaTb KYP?
KTO 06'be,lJ.aeT .nHCTbH Ha ,lJ.epeBbHX?
C .n 0 13 a A.n H C n p a B 0 K: co6aKa, nmUlfbl, 8 oem-
CKO.M. caoy, 'Ita cmaH.t"UU, zyceHUl{a, /lucul{a.
...
28
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npO'lHTaTb II cnIIcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHIIH.
3a5m. CM,lJ.eJI Y COCHbI. Y HaC l.{bInJISITa. JIMca YBM,lJ.eJIa
3aHl.{a. 3aSIl.{ CKpblJICSI B KYCTax. COHSI KOpMMT IJ.bInJISIT. B
ca,lJ.Y IJ.BeTbI. COHSI JIl06MT IJ.BeTbI. Y CJIaBbI IJ.anJISI. Y IJ.aUJIM
,lJ.JIMHHbIH HOC.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOIJIITaTb II cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHIIH, BCTaBJIHH nponyrn.eHHbIe 6YKBbI.
YJIM....a 3aJIMTa ...0JIHIJ.eM. 3aM...a cnacalOT HorH. 3aSI...
B...ex 601ITCSI. 3MMOH nTH..aM XOJIO.D.HO. C IOra npMJIeTeJIH
...anJIH. nTM.ubI noe.u.alOT ry...eHMl.{. fyceHH...a C'beJIa Bce
JIM...TbSl. 3TOT .'1ec nO...a,lJ.MJIH KOMCOMOJIb...bI. .lJ.PY3bSI
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IOT...SI B ropbI. 3KCne,lJ.H...HSI OTnpaBHJIa...b Ha ...eBep. MbI
nOCeTHJIM BbI...TaBKY .u.eTCKoro pH...YHKa.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
np01JIITaTb II cnncaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHIIH, BCTaBJIHSI nponyw.eHHble CJIOBa.
CHHMIJ.a nonaJIa B . . . . Poca 6JIeCTHT Ha . .. . B pe-
-,lJ.aKIJ.HlO npHHeCJIH . .. . B ro,lJ.y ,lJ.BeHa,lJ.IJ.aTh . . . . Y Hac
B ca,lJ.y IJ.BeTeT . . . . 3RMOH ,lJ.eTH KaTalOTCSI Ha . . . . ne-
pe,lJ.aBaJICSI npa3,lJ.HHQHbIH . . . . B KOHII.epTHOM saJIe pas-
,lJ.aJIMCb . . . . ACSI CMOTpeJIa KOHlJ,epT neCHH H . . . . <1>YT-
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BO .lJ.BOp IJ.e . . . .
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 MeCRl{e8, aKal{UR, KOHbKax, caflKax, KOHl{epm, an/lOOUCMeHmbt,
, n/lJlCKU, 80/l0mble, cnopma.
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29

3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOQHTaTb nOCJlOBHLlbI, 3ara.nKH.
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If
n 0 C J1 0 B 11 U. bl.
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f,lJ.e TOHKO, TaM H pBeTcH.
He nJIJOH B KOJIOeu - npHrO,lJ.HTcH BO,lJ.bI HanHTbC5J.
nOCJIOBHua BOBeK He CJIOMHTCH.
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3 A fALL K 11.
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( BO/lOCbl.)
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TOJIbKO JIyqrne npaBb pYJIeM.
(A. POJICOeCmeeHclwfl.)
( Be/locuneo.)
..
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a B Cepe,lJ.HHe nYCTO.
(Eapa6aH.)
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(.9XO.)
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(IT OOOCWlOeUKU.)
30

nOJIJ06YHcH,
nOCMOTpH ---.
nOJIJOC CeBepHbIH BHYTpH!
TaM cBepI<::aeT CHer H JIe,lJ.,
TaM caMa 3HMa X<HBeT.
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3a,lJ.aHHe.
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nepeJIO>KI1Tb CO.ZI.ep>KaHl1e paCCKa30B.
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B KBapTHpe OT ero npOKa3
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HHKTO, HHKTO t HHKTOI
31

1\1 1\1
1\1
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no KpYTOH rope.
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B CBTJIHn.e JIeRHOH,
32
A. lJenYPHOB.
11 JIl0051T sBepH 3a Kpacy
Ee B cTpaHe JIeCHoH.
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51 CJIYIlIaro - H Bep HTCR I

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11 He 3anJIaKaJI IIH KaneJIbKH.
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H CKa3aJIa TOr)l.a: «HaoHTb Ha mHBOTe CHHHK "=" aTO HaAo
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2 3uu 238
33

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3. OnucaHHe 3ai'Il.{a.
4. KaKYIO nOJIb3Y npHHocHT nTHI.J.bI.
5. KaK BbIBO.ll.HTCH I.J.bInJIHTa.
34

KAPTHHKH D,JIf! COCTABJIEHHfl PACCKA30B.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
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35

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40

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42
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43
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44
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n 0 C J1 0 B 11 LJ.. bI.
TH>KKO TOMY >KHTb t KTO OT pa60Tbl 6e>KHT.
P a'3 060>K)f{ellIbCH, BTOp 0 H oCTepe>KellIbC51.
I-ITo noceellIb, TO H nO>KHellib.
XOpOlli ca,lJ.OBHHK, XOpOlli H KpbI>KOBHHK.
JIe>Ka xJIe6a He ,lJ.o6y.rr.ewb.
K.aK nO>KHBellIb t - TaK H npOCJIbIBellib.
3 A r A.lJ. I< 11.
Yra.rr.aHTe, 'ITO 3a llIanKa:
Mexa u:e.naH oxanKa.
lIlanKa 6eraeT B 60PYt
Y CTBOJIOB rpbl3eT KOpy.
( 3aJl ll.)
npHllIJIa 6e3 KpaCOK H 6e3 KHCTH
H nepeKpaCHJIa.Bce JIHCTbH.
(OceHb.)
PaCTeT 3e.neHbIH KYCTHK,
):\o:rpoHellIbcH  YKYCHT.
(Kpanusa.)
45
f

BclO >KH3Hb KpbIJIbHMH M8IlleT t a YJIeTeTb He MO)f{eT.
( Me/tbHUl{a.)
3a ,lJ,OMOM Y ,lJ,OpO>KKH BHCHT nOJI-JIeneIllKH.
( MecJll{.)
1Il Y T K H.
BbIBo.n.OK.
He .nbIIllH, OXOTHI1K1
CoGaKa, He IllYPIllHI
YTOqKa C YTHTaMH
nJIbIBeI CKB03b KaMbIlliH.
.lJ.0 qero >K nyrJIHBbIe!
.lJ.0 qero >K CqaCTJIHBblel
He CTpeJIHH, OXOTHHK!
CoGaKa, He cneIllH.
B. EepecmOB,
V )KYK ynaJI H BCTaTb He MO>KeT t
)f{,n:eT OH, KTO eMY nOMO)KeT.
CKOP oro BOPKH.
III.eTHHa Y qYIllKH,
LJeIllYSI Y llyqKH.
XOXJIaTbIe XOXOTYIllKH
XOXOTOM XOXOTaJIH
xa-xa-xa-xal
Ynpa}KHeHHSI JJ.JISI ,lJ.HlfJlfJepeHlJ,HalJ,HH 3BYKOB C - Ul
B CJIOBaX H npe,lJ.JIO}KeHHSlX.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOtUlT8Tb H cnHcaTb CJIOB8.
YCbI -. YlliH
HOC -. HO>K
MbIC -. MbIIllb
pOC -. pO>Kb
MHCKa -- MbIlliKa
. CYTKH - llIYTKH
KaCKa -. KalliKa
46
KpbIca - KpbIIll8
HOCKH -. HO>KKH
6acRJI -. 6aIllHH
nOCOJI - nOIllM
Kacca - Kallia
BaC - Balli
Hac - HaIll

3a,lJ.aHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHCOBaHHble npe.D:MeTbi 11 3anHcaTb HX Ha3BaHlf5l,
,
/{t:;/:

'.:':}::.:
iE;t\;t)
"\
,

,
o
"
J
;
'"j i'
. .... :':....
.-. "."
1{f.1.HAF?
'47
..

..  "
)
38..l1.aHHe.
npOIIHT8Tb H CnHCaTb CJIOBa, BCT8BJIHH nponyrn.eHHYIO 6YKBY.
.. .epCTb
... TpaUlHO
. ..OJJ HbIlllKO
Cy. . .eHbIH:
illY... TpbIH:
ny.. . MCTbIH:
CMe...HO
Illep. .. Tb
cne...Ka
3a,lJ.aHHe.
llaTb nOJIHble OTBeTbi H8 BonpOCbI YCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
4 TO Ha,neBalOT 3MMOii?
4TO CBeTMT ,nHeM Ha He6e?
K TO JJ OBHT MbIllleH:?
Y Koro nYUIHCTbIH: XBOCT?
4TO na,n.aeT C COCHbI?
KTO Be)J.er noe3,n?
C JI 0 B a )J. JI H C n p a B 0 K: COAH.bltUKO, manKY, COll-
mep, KOtUKa, /lUca, JrtatUUH.Ucm, tUUtUKU.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
C' -
npOIlHT8Tb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHlI, BCTaBJlJUI nponymeHHble 6YKBbI.
rracTy...OK MrpaeT Ha ...impeJJM. CMMa nH...eT 6e3 O...M-
60K. CKpOMHO...Tb YKpa..aeT tleJJOBeKa. MbI CJJy..aeM no
paAMo ne...HH. IIlypa CJIYlllaJIa ...Ka3KY npo KpaCHYIO
...anOQKY. Ea6YllIKa xopo...o pac...Ka3bIBaeT ...Ka3KH.
Ca...a cnelllMT B ...KOJIy. JIacTOtlKa ...BMJIa rHe3,nb11llKO IlO,lJ. ''J!

Kpbl...eH. 
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npmlHT8Th H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KCHHH, BCTaBJISUI nponym.eHHbIe CJIOBa.
B JIecy KYKyeT . . . . Ha ceBep npMIllJJa . .. . IIlaxTe-
pbI cnYCTHJIMCb B . .. . B KHOCKe 6bIJJM HHTepeCHble . . . .
.
B )J.HKTaHTe Bcero o,nHa . .. . JIHca C neTYIllKOM 6e}l{HT B
"-,
48
\

,. .. . IOHOIliH H ,lJ.eBYIliKH BCTynalOT B '" . Mallia BblyqHJIa
cKa3KY 0 30JIOTOM . . . .
C JI 0 B a ,lJ. JI SI C n p a B 0 K: KYKYUlKa, Ulaxmy, eec-
Ha, oUlu6Ka, :J/Cyp , I-taAbl /leca, nemYUlKe, KOMCOMO/l.
3a)J.aHHe.
npOlIHT8Tb nOCJlOBl1l.{bl, 3ara.ZI.KI1 11 CKoporOBopKH.
BbII1Tb nOCJIOBHl.{bI, 3ara.ZI.KH H CKoporOBOpKI1 HaH3YCTb H 3anHcaTb HX
no naMHTI1.
nOCJ10BI1,bl.
KaK nOCTe.nellIb, TaK,lI nOCIIHllIb.
PYKH He npOTSIHeIIIb, C nOJIKH He )J.OCTaHellib.
EeperH HOC B OOJIbIIIOH MOp03.
B3SIJICSI 3a rY}Kt He rOBopH, qTO He ,n1O.m:.
IIhlJIa. B MelliKe He YTaHIIIb.
4TO HanHcaHO nepOM - He BbIPy6HIIIb TOIIOpOM.
fOBOpH MeHbllIe, ,lJ.YM3H 60JIbllIe.
3 A f A JJ. K 11.
I
He BO)J.a, He CYllia >-
Ha JIo,nKe He ynJIbIBellib
H HoraMH He npOH,lJ.ellIb.
(Eo/lomo.)
4epHbIH I1BalliKa -
,nepeBSIHHaSI py6allIKa,
r,ne HOCOM 110 Be,lJ.eT ,
TaM 38MeTly KJIa,neT.
( K apaHdaUl.)
l1,neIIIb, H,neIIIb,
KOHa He H3H,nelUb.
(p'opoza.)
MaJIeHbKHH MaJIbtlHIIIKa
B cepOM apMSIqHIlIKe
110 ,lJ.BOpaM IlIHblpSIeT,
KpOXH co6HpaeT.
(Bopo6ew. )
C K 0 P 0 fOB 0 P K 11.
IIlHIIIKH Ha COCHe, IIIalliKH Ha CTOJIe.
B lUaJIalUe lUeCTb IIIaJIYHOB.
i9
.

IIIanKoH CaI1la I1lHI1lKH CI1lH6.
MaMaI1la .n;ana CaI1le CbIBOPOTKY H3 npOCTOKBaI1lH.
HaI1la cepaH KOI1lKa CH.n;ena Ha KpbII1le, a BaI1la cepaR
KOllIKa CH,lJ.ena BbII1le.
lIlnH COpOK MbII1leH, HecnH COpOK rp, OI1leH ,lJ.Be MbII1lH
nonnoIl1e HecnH no .nBa rpOI1la.
Ynpa>KHeHHSI ,lJ.JISI .n.HljJljJepeHl\Hal\HH 3BYKOB 3 - :JIC
B CJlOBax H npe,lJ.JI01KeHHSlX.
3a.n.aHHe.
npO'llfTaTb If cnlfcaTb CJIOBa.
'f
Y3bI --. YJKH
3a.n --. }Ka.n
K03a --. KO}Ka
n03a -- .nO}Ka
Be3Y  BH}KY
pa30K - pOJKOK
B03bI -- BO}K}KH
3eBaTb --. }KeBaTb
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npO'llfTaTb If cnlfcaTb CJlOBa, BCTaBJISISI nponYllI.eHHbIe 6YKBbI.
...OHT 6epe. ..a . .. HM a
...apKO ...e.nY,lJ.H o...epo
. ..O.nOTO ...aoop BO.. .aTbIH
...e.ne30 ...MypKH .n;e...ypHbIH
1
3a,lJ.aHHe.
.LlaTb nOJlHbIe OTBeTbI Ha BonpocbI YCTHO If nlfCbMeHHO.
KaKHe 6bIBalOT .nHCTbH Ha ,lJ.epeBbHX BeCHOH H oceHblO?
113 qero ,lJ.e.naIOT 3aMKH H rB03JIH?
KaK ,lJ.O.n}KHO }KHTb nHOHepCKoe 3BeHO?
Ha30BHTe 3HMHlOlO o.n;eJKAY.
C .n 0 B a ,lJ..n H C n p a B 0 K: ae/leHble u e/lmble,
.
OPYJlCHO, U3 e/le3a, my6a, manKa.
50

38,lJ.8HHe.
npO'lHT8Tb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHH, BCTaBJIHH nponymeHHbIe 6YKBbI.
3aHKa ...HBeT B necy. THrp - npo...opJIHBbIH ...Bepb.
Ha KaBKa...e ...apKO. Y )KeHH ...ypHan «Myp...HnKa».
3mI B3JJ:.T1a HO...HK. 3HHa Ha,lJ.eJ1a BH...aHbIH ...aKeT.
3a,lJ.8HHe.
npO'lHTaTb I{ cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHSI, BCTaBJlSISI nponYIlI,eHHbIe CJIOBa.
CHelliHHKH na,nalOT Ha . .. . Ha,lJ. BO,lJ.OH KPYlliHJ1HCb . . . .
K0J1X03bI CHH.nH 60raTbIH . . . . fa3eTbI BbIWJ1H 60J1bWHM
. .. . )KYPHaJ1HCT HanHCaJ1 CTaTblO B . . . . 11.0pOlliKH 3a-
CbmaJ1H . . . neCKOM. feQJ10rH 06HapYlliHJ1H MeCTOpOlli,lJ.e-
HHe . . . . naccalliHpCKHH . . . H,lJ.eT Ha KaBKa3. aT lliapbl
nOTpeCKaJ1aCb . . . . npO,lJ.OJ1lliaeTCH no,nnHCKa Ha ra3eTbI H
..
C J1 0  a ,lJ. J1 H C n p a B 0 K: 3eM/lIO, SeM/lR, ypoau,
mUpaJIC.oM, cmpeK03bl, zasemy, e/lmblM, SO/loma, JlCYPH.a/lbl,
noeso.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npO'lHTaTb nOCJlOBHl.{bI H 3ara.ZI.KH.
BbIY'IWTb nOCJIOBHl.{bI, 3ara.ZI.KH HaH3YCTb H 3anHcaTb HX no naMSITH.
n a C JI a B H U. hI.
He TOT ,npyr, KOTOpbIH MallieT,
A TOT, KOTOpbIH npaB,lJ.Y B rJ183a CKallieT.
Ellib nHpoP C rpH6aMH, 8 H3bIK ,lJ.eplliH 3a 3y6aMH.
3 A f A'11. K H.
JIelliHT Melli rpH,lJ.OK 3eJIeH H cna,lJ.OK.
(Ozyp'tUK.)
Iho 3a 3Be3,lJ.OQKa TaK3H Ha llia KeTe , Ha nJ1aTKe, BCH
CKB03HaH, BbIpe3HaH, a COlliMeWb ---. BO,lJ.a B PYKe?
(CHeJICUHKa.)
51
I

'pe}KYT --. TepnJIlO,
pOM nJIaqy.
YnpIDKHeHUSI Jl.JISI .n.uljJljJepeHlJ.Ual\HH 3BYKOB
B CJIOBaX u npe,lJ.JImKeHUSlX.
3a.naHHe.
npOQHTaTb H enHeaTb CJIOBa.
HOC --. Hoqb
catiKa -. qai'fKa
COKIi
KaCKa
pbIcaK
nOCT
pa36liBalOT --. TepnJIIO Ii 3a BCe ,lJ.o6-
(3e.M/lfl. )
C-fI,
KaCKa -. KaqKa
HOCKa -. HOqKa
COqli
KaqKa
pbIqaV
nOqTa
3a.n.aHUe.
HaSBaTb HapHeOBaHHbIe npe.ZI.MeTbI " 3anHeaTb HX Ha3BaHHH.
52
\, ,
'\ ':
,
"
'"


  ,;:;.
-=-=-
=::;::;.- -
= ==
=..-;"
%;.
3a,lJ.8HHe.
npOqHTaTb H cnHcaTb CJIOBa, BCTaBJIHH
...aCbI TbI...Hqa
...aCTO ...y,lJ.eca
...aqOK CTpo...Ka
...eCHOK nMCM...Ka
...yqOK
qM...TO
...TpyqOK
c06a.. . Ka
nponYIlI,eHHyIO 6YKBY.
KOCTO...Ka
na...TOqKa
...TapMqOK'
cy.na.. .OK
...YH,lJ.yqOK
...aHOqKM
3a.n.aHHe.
.lI.aTb nOJIHbIe OTBeTbl Ha BonpOCbI YCTHO H nHCbMeHHo.
1.JTO Ha6MB31OT Ha 60qKY?
KTO KPMqMT B necy no HOqaM?
1.JTO CTaBHT Ha CTon K qalO?
K3KaH nOqBa nyqllIe ,lJ.nH paCTeHMH?
KTO neqMT 6onbHwx?
C JI 0 B a ,lJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: Cbl't, 06py'tu, ttaUflUK, U
ttaUlKU, 'lepfl03e.MflaJl, Bpa't.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOqHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHH, BCTaBJIHH nponYllI.eHHbIe 6YKBbI.
JIaCTO...Ka ...BMJIa fHe3,lJ.0. Ha...aJIMCb Be...eHHMe KaHM-
K)'nbI. 113 ne...a .n;OHOCMJIMCb rono...a nTH...eK. 4anaeB
ropH...o JII06MJI ...BOID PO,lJ.MHY, JIeTy...aH MbIllib ...nHT Ha'
qep,lJ.aK.
53

3a,lJ.aHHe.
np01IHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIOmeHHSI. BCTaBJISlH nponYIIJ.eHHbIe CJIoBa.
JIeTqHK Be,neT CaMOJIEh Ha . . . . YqeHIiKaM paCCKa3aJIH
HHTepeCHbIH . . . . Ha peqKe nOHBHJIaCb MaJIeHbKaH . . . .
KaTHJIOCb no 6mO,lJ.eqKY HaJIHBHOe . . . . YqeHHK C YBJIe.
qeHHeM . . . KHHry. COqHbIe, CneJlbIe . . . BHCHT Ha BeTKe.
Ha cesepe HacTynHJIa nOJlHpHaH . . . . CecTpa SbInHCaJIa
c06paHHe COqHHeHHH . . . . BCTpeqa CTOJlHqHbIX KOMaH,n
OKOHqHJIaCb . .. .
C JI 0 B a ,lJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: /IOOO'lKa, nocaoKY, pac-
CIW3, fWAO'lKO, 'lepeULHU, 'lumaem, HO'lb, A. fl. lJexoBa,
BHU'lblO.
3a.n.aHHe.
npOIJHTaTb nOCJIOBHUbI. 3ara.ZI.KH H CI<OpOroBOpKH.
BbIYIJHTb nOCJIOBHl.{bI. 3ara)J.KH H CKoporOBopKH HaH3YCTb H 3anHcaTb HK
no naMSlTH.
n 0 C JI 0 B H  bI.
O,lJ.Ha nqeJIa MHoro Me.n;y He HaHeceT.
He SeJIHK CSepqOK, a rpOMKO noeT.
nTHqKa HeSeJlHqKa, .n;a KorOTOK oCTep.
YqeHbIH BO,nHT, a HeyqeHbIH CJIe,nOM X 0,lJ. HT.
He MeCTO KpaCHT qeJlOSeKa, a qeJIOSeK MeCTO,
OT YMHoro HayqHWbCH, OT rJIynoro pa3yqHWbCH.
3 A r A 11. K H.
Ha nOTOJlOqKe s yrOJIOqKe BHCHT CI-ITO He pYKaMH CBHTO.
(flaymuHa.)
CTOHT MaJIbqHK, CKpHBH naJIbqHK.
(KplO'lOK.)
54

Ero nHHalOT, a OH He nJIalIeT, ero opocalOT - Ha3a,n
CKalleT.
( MR'l.)
Kor.za llereH - KHllJIHB H 3a,nopeH, a nOKpaCHeeT----
cetillac me npHCMHpeeT.
(PaK.)
BeJIaH 6olIKa, HeT B Heti HH CYllOlIKa.
(f/ Ult o .)
MbI ,lJ.eHb He cnHM, MbI HOllb He cnHM H .neHb H HOllb CTY-
llHM, CTYllHM.
(lJaCbl.)
51 no ,lJ.epeBY CTYllY, llepBHllKa ,lJ.OOblTb XOllY, XOTb H
CKpblJICH no,lJ. KOpOti .......... BCe paBHO OH oy,neT Moti!
(D.RmeA.)
C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K H.
CHHHllKa, CHHHllKa - Bopo6blO ceCTpHlIKa.
qepenaxa, He CKYllaR, llac CH,nHT 3a lIawKoti lIaR.
Ynpa1l<HeHHH Jl.JIH ,lJ.HljJljJepeHLI,HaLl,HH 3BYKOB q - It
B CJIOBaX H npe,lJ.JIO)KeHHHX.
3a.n.aHHe.
npOIJHTaTb H cnncaTb CJIOBa.
OBLT.a - OBell Ka
3aRLT. - 3aHllHK
JIHLT.O - JIHlIHKO
nTHLT.a - nTHllKa
CHHHLT.a - CHHHllKa
KypHLT.a - KypOllKa
naJIeLT. - naJIblIHK
KOHeLT. - KOHllHK
KOJIbLT.O - KOJIelIKO
LT.BeT - LT.BeTOlIKH
KY3Heu ,- KY3HellHK
lvIOJIO,lJ.eLT. - MOJIO,lJ.llHH.a
55

3a.n.aHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHCOBaHHe npe.ZI.Mer H sanHcaTb UX HaSBaHHH.
t J1,...........
. .-.
\ 1IItf:'."!!' -
'.:"'",,-
, , ...
.". (."
;1,
4!
\ijl
. 't
#J.;" ..
3a.n.aHHe.

,
"
npOIJHTaTb U cnHcaTb CJIOBa, BCTaBJISISI nponymeHH}'IO 6YKBY.
tIaCTH...a
YtIeHI-i...a
OTAH...Hlna
rOptIIL ..8
.. .epemna
BeTO.. .eK
3a,lJ.aHHe.
Ha...aJIbHHlJ.a
YtII-iTe.TIbHH.. .a
.. .epHHJIbHHlJ.a
.QaTb nOJIHbIe OTBerbI Ha BonpOCbI YCTHO H lllfcbMeHHO.
I
KY,lJ.8 HaJIHBaT tIepHHJIa?
LITO ,lJ,eJIaeTCH C AepBbHMH OT BeTpa?
ijQ


KTO 3aHHMaeTCH C yqeHHKaMH B KJI3CCe?
KaK Ha3bIBalOT yqeHHLT.Y C OTJIHqHbIMH OTMeTKaMH?
C JI 0 B a JJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: B ttepHUAbHU4Y, Katta-
romcR, yttumeAbHU4a, OmAuttHu4a.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOIJHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHSI, BCTaBJISlSI nponyru.eHHYIO 6YKBY.
Ha ,lJ.Bope Kypo...Ka C ...bInJUlTKaMH. B caAy 3a...Be.na
.,.epeMyxa. BaJIe HCnOJIHHJIOCb ...eTbIpHa,lJ.LT.aTb JIeT. B ...eT-
Bepp 6Y)J.eT ypOK HeMe... Koro H3bIKa. B nHTHH...y 6Y)J.eT ypOK
...epqeHHH. Bepa pa36HJIa ...BUlKY H 6JiIO,lJ....e. KOH...epT
HaqaJICSI B ceMh ...BCOB. B KOHle 3HMbI npHJIeTalOT rpa...H.
JIecTHH...a Be)J.eT Ha qep,lJ.aK.
3a,lJ.8HHe.
npOIJHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHSI, BCTaBJISISI nponyru.eHHbIe CJIOB3.
nqeJIa ce.na Ha . . . . KYPHLT.a CHeCJIa . . . . COJIHLT.e
CnpHTaJIOCh 3a . . . . B KOHLT.epTe yqaCTBOBaJIH . . . . B
MOCKBY npH6bIJIa ,lJ.e.neraLT.HH H3 . . . . B ,lJ.eTCKOM MHpe
npO)J.aIOTCH . . . YKpameHHH. B ra3eTe HaneqaTaH nopTpeT
3HaTHOH . . . . COBeTCKHH COlO3 npOH3BO,lJ.HT 3anYCKH . . .
paKeT. B KOHLT.epTe HCnOJIHHJIHCb COqHHeHHH MOLT.apTa H ... .
C JI 0 B a ,lJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: [{BemOK, RU40, myttu,
CKpunattu, lJexocAoBaKuu, eAOttHble, .nmuttHu4bl, KOCMUtteCKux,
lJ aUKOBCKOcO.
3a.n.aHHe.
npO<:iHTaTb nOCJIOBHIJ.bI H 3ara.ZI.KH.
BblYIJHTb nOCJIOBHIJ.bI H 3ara.ZI.KH HaH3ycTb H 3anHcaTb HK no naMSlTIt.
nOCJIOBHIJ.bI.
TOT HHqerO He ooHTCH, KTO qeCTHO YMeeT TPY,z\HTbca.
KpaCHa nTHLT.a nepMIMH t a qe.n:OBeK yqeHbeM.
57

rOpa c - ropOH He COH.n:eTCH, a qeJIOBeK C qeJIOBeKOM
BCTpeTHTCH.
KTO 3a Bce 6epeTcH, TOMY HHllerO He Y,lJ.aeTCH.
3 A r A 11. K 11.
4epHbIM MOJIo,nel.{ no KOJIeHO B 30JIOTe CTOHT.
(FOPtUOK 6 YZ/lRX.)
Be3 PYK, 6e3 Hor CTyqHT  B H36y npOCHTCH. .,
(Bemep. )
CTOHT ,ny6, Ha' ,lJ.y6e ,lJ.BeHa,lJ.l.{aTb BeTOK, Ha KaJK,lJ.OM
BeTKe no qeTbIpe me3,lJ.a, B KaJK,nOM me3,lJ.e no ceMb nTeHl.{OB,
y KaJK,noro nTeHl.{a O,nHO KpbIJIO 6eJIoe, ,lJ.pyroe - qepHoe.
(Foa, MeOR , l{bt Heae/lU, aHU U HOt.tU'J
YnpaJKHeHHSI ,lJ.J1R ,lJ.HljJljJepeu.Hal.{HH 3BYKOB C- lI{
B CJ10BaX H npe,lJ.J10JKeHHRX.
3a.naHHe.
npOQHTaTb 11 cnlfcaTb CJI0Ba.
nec
eM H
nJIaCT
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58

3a,lJ.aHue.
lI.aTb nOJJHbie OTBeTbI Ha BonpOCbI YCTHO Ii nlICbMeHHO.
1.JTO ,lJ.eJIaeT CTeKOJIbllI.llK?
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KTO 3allI.HllI.aeT PO)J,HHY?
C JI 0 B a )J, JI H C n p a B 0 K: KAell{aMU, Hocum BeU{u,
utemKu, COAoambl, BCmaB/lRem CmeK/la.
3a.n.allH e.
DpOllHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JJO)KeHHSI, BCTaBJJHH nponeHHYIO YKBY.
COJIOBeH ...eJIKaeT. J1acTOtIKa ...e6etIeT. J1a...TOtIKY 30-
BYT I11.e6eTYHbeH. B CTOJIe H...llKH. B HllI.HKax CJIOllieHbl
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3a.n.aHue.
npOIJHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JJO)KeHHH, BCTaBJlHH nponyrn.eHHble CJlOBa.
TIpOJIeTeJI CBepKalOllI.HH . . . . B KOCTep nO,lJ.6pOCUJIH cY-
XHe . . . . MOp03 llI.HnJIeT HOC H . .. . B ceTHX 6HJIaCb
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HOCHJIbllI.HK npHHeC naccalliHpy . . . . B pOIII.e 38llI.eJIKaJI
rOJIOCHCTblH . . . . CeHH tIaCTO HaBeI11.aeT 60JIbHOrO . .. . .k
C JI 0 B a )J, JI H C n p 8 B 0 K: KU, U{YKa, caMOAem,
ttaCbl, BeU{u, cOAoeet1, mOBapuU{a, U{enKu.
3a.n.aHHe.
npOIJIiTaTb nOCJJOBIfUbI, 3ara.ll.KH, rnYTKH If cKOpOroBOpKIf.
BbIYIJHTb nOCJJOBIfUbI, 3ara.ZI.KH, rnYTKH H cKoporOBopKH HaH3YCTb "san"-
caTb HX no naMHTH.
TIOCJ10BI1bI.
Ha TO H llI.YKa B MOpe, tIro6bl KapaCb He ,lJ.peMaJI.
BCHKOH BellI.H CBOe MeCTO.
59

He Y1JH K03Y: caMa C B03a CTallI.HT.
TOBapHllI. 3a TOBapHllI.a B OroHb 6POCHTCH.
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Hoc BbITallI.HJI - XBOCT YBH3, XBOCT BbITallI.HJI - HOC
YBH3.
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1JallI.e.
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( K om.)
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(fJUCbMO.)
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em COJIOMHHKH He TOJIllI.e,
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B. CYCADS.
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KpacKH H KapaH,lI.aIIIH.
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3a.l1.aHHe.
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60

TIOPTPET JIEHHHA.
c. nOZOpeAOBCKUil.
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51 JIeHHHu;eM CTaTb HaCTOHUI.HM X01JY,
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61

* *
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MOIO A01JeHbKY He 6YAHTe.
113 «CKA31\11 0 PbIBAKE H PbIBKE».
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62

KaK YBneJI CTapHK, ncnyracR;
B HorH OH cTapyxe nOKJIOHHJICH,
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B. Oceeea.
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ax<e KOHcpenm, He pa3eJIHB ee nOnOJIaM.
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- Y 3Toro napHH C1JaCTJIHBaH MaTb: OH HHKor,lJ.a He C'beCT
KYCKa, He pa3eJIHB ero C Hei'I nOnOJIaM.
3A5IIJ"
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no COCHOH, HacropOX<HB YllIH, CHHT 3aHIJ;.
lho TbI cHnllIb? - CTOHeT COCHa. - C'beCT Te6st
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MeJIO, ecTb He1Jero...
A TbJ nopoH, nocKpe6H...
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BeX<HT KTO-TO, OJIX<HO 6bITb, BOJIK. BOJIK H eCTb.
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63

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COCHe:
- CKa3bIBaH, cTapyxa, r.n;e KOCOH?
- n01JeM 51 3HaIO, pa300HHHK? He cTepery 51 3ai'nr.a,
BOH BeTep KaK pa3rYJIHJICH... Ox, ox!
MeTHYJI BOJIK cepbIM XBOCTOM, JIer Y KopHeH, roJIOBY
Ha JIanbI nOJIOlliHJI. A BeTep CBHCTHT B CY1JbHX, Kpen1JaeT...
- He BbITepnJIIO, He BbJTepnJIIO! - CKpHnHT COCHa.
CHep ryme nOBaJIHJI, HaneTeJI JIOXMaTbIH 6ypaH, no.n;-
XBaTHJI 6eJIbIe cyrp06bI, KHHYJI Ha COCHY. HanpYlliHJIaCb COC-
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cMepTH 3aIIIH6JIa. 3aMeJIO HX 6ypaHoM OOOHX. A 3aHll. H3
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E)K.
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CH Ha .n;epeBO, a BOT elliHK HH oeraTb ObICTpO, HH JIa3HTb no
AepeBbHM He YMeeT., 3aTo Y ellia OT BparoB CBOH 3allI.HTa -
KOJII01JKH Ha cnHHe H oOKax.
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cBepHeTcH B KOJII01JH:H KJIYOOK - nonp06yii-Ka, YKYCMI
Ho He Bcer.n;a H OCTpbJe HrJIbI BbIpY1JaIOT H3 6e.n;bI. ECJIH
Heno.n;aJIeKY eCTb JIYllia, XMTpaH JIHCa CTapaeTCH 3aKaTHTb
TY,lJ.a ellia, a KaK TOJIbKO OH pa3BepHeTcfI, 1JTOObI nOllJIbITb,
CXBaTHT 3yoaMM 3a MOP,lJ.Y, 3a.n;YIIIHT H C'beCT.
JIEB H JIHCHIJ,A.
JI. T OAcmou.
JIeB CTaJI CTap. OH He Mor JIOBHTb 3BepeH. 11 3a.n;YM8JI JIeB
>RHTb XHTpOCTbIO. JIev B nellI.epe H npMTBOpMJICfI OOJIbHbIM.
CnlJIR 3BepM ero HaBellI.aTb. Ho JIeB XBaTaJI H C'be.n;3Jl
Ka>R.n;oro, KTO np HXO.n;UJI K HeMY.
64

npUXO.llHT K HeMY JInca. CTa.11a Y BXO.l\a B nel.l{epy n cnpa.
IIIHBaeT:
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A JIHCHl.la OTBe1JaeT:
- no CJIeAaM BHMY: BXO.n;H.11O K Te6e MHOro 3BepeH, a
He BbIXO.n;H.11 HHKTO.
B KOCMl1lJECKOM nOJIETE.
[fo 10. FazapUHY.
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BaTb B KJIaCce Y KapTbI, CMOTpeTb Ha Be.nHKHe PYCCKHe peKH:
BO.11ry, l{Henp, 06b, EHuceH, AMYP, CJ)OBHO CHHHe MH.11bI,
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H Hapo,lJ., .naBIIIHX MHe TaKoe orpOMHoe C1JaCTbe - nepBOMY
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B KOCMoce.
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HeB03MOMHO. OHO, HaBepHoe, BO MHOro .n;eCHTKOB, a TO H
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ca neJ1H O,lJ.HY H3 MOHX .11I06HMbIX neceH - «AMYPCKHe BO.11.
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cTBa, napTHH.
3 3all03 238
65
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np A3LI.HI1 K
B, EOp03aUH.
KaK TOJIbKO pa,lJ.HO 1I3BeCTHJIO Mlip 0 6JIarOnOJIY1JHOM
nplI3eMJIeHHH KOCMII1JeCKOrO Kopa6JIH, TOJInW JIIDeM BWCW-
naJIIi Ha YJIIII.J.bI, HIIKTO He Mor YCHeTb OMa. llIYTKa JIll -
1JeJIOBeK BnepBbIe n06bIBaJI B KocMocel
A 1Jepe3 ABa HH MOCKBa BCTpe1JaJIa repOH. no KpaCHOM
nJIOIll.aH IIIJIIi TbICH1J1I JIID,lJ.eM, rpeMeJIli opKeCTpbl, 6IIJIliCb
no BeTpy <j)JI arli , l.J.BeTbI, nopTpeTbI, B03YIllHbIe IllapbI.
,lJ,EHb PO)I([(EHI15I.
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pbI B 3TOT eHb npliHOCHT BeceHHlIe l.J.BeTbI K naMHTHHKY
JIeHl-IHY.
l}T<:> 3TO 3a .neHb - TaKOM Topx<eCTBeHHbIM?
3TO 22 anpeJIH - ,lJ.eHb pox<eHIIR JIeHIIHa.
Becb Mlip 3HaeT Tenepb 3TY AaTY.
A KaK caM JIeHIIH BCTpe1JaJI CBOM eHb pOX<AeHIIH?
Ha,lJ.e}K,lJ.a KOHCTaHTHHOBHa KpyncKaH, x<eHa II TOBapHIIJ.
JIeHIIHa, BcnOMIiHaJIa, 1JTO B eHb pox<eHIIH I1JIbfiIla OHH
JIID6HJIII OTnpaBJIHTbCH B BeceHHIIM JIec, 3a6peCTH KYJIa-
HH6Yb nOaJIbIlle.
Ho 01JeHb HeMHoro TaKHX HeM BbmaJIO Ha OJIlO JIeHliHa.
,lJ,eHb pox<eHHH 3aCTaBaJI ero
B CCbIJIKe,
B TIDpbMe,
3a rpaHHl.J.eM, BaJIH OT POHHbI,
B peBOJIIDl.J.HOHHOM neTporpae,
B KpeMJIe 3a Cp01JHOM pa60TOM.
66

tJ,H(jJ(jJepeHlI,HallHSI 3BYKOB LU -:JIC, C - LU, 3 - :JIC,
C - tt, q - tt, C - Uf B CaMOCTOSlTeJlbHOH pelfH.
COCTABJIEHHE PACCKA3A
no P.AHHbIM CJIOBAM.
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OJIOLI.OBbII1 CALI..
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1JepelllHH.
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6btAO: Ulecmb Jl6AOHb, UleCmHaOl,famb 8UuteH, 08a epYUle8blX
oepe8a, UleCmbOeCJlm ttepeUleH.
D.eOYUlKa AI06uA yxa'JICueamb sa Oepe8bJl.MU. )!(eH1l 8ee
Aemo nO.M02aA oeOYUlKe yxa'JICUeamb sa caOO.M.
J1Ac104 KA
BecHa, JIaCT01JKH, rHe3,lJ.a, nTeH1JHKH, JKY1JKH, 1JepBH1JKH,
Y1JeHHe, OTJIeT, lOr.
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67

COCTABJIEHHE PACCKA30B no KAPTJiHKAM
3a,lJ.aHHe.
COCTaBHTb YCTIlbIe paCCK33bl no KapTHHKaM.
3anHcaTb paCCKa3.
68

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METO.lJ.HI.JECKHE YKA3AHH5I K nOCTAHOBKE
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npl1 npoH3HeCeHl'l11. 3BYKa .It qaCTH apTHJ.<YJIHIJ.HOHHoro annapaTa
3aHHMalOT CJIe.llYlOmee nOJIO}KeHHe:
ry6bl npHHHMalOT nOJIO}KeHHe, CBOHcTBeHHoe 11M npl1 I1pmI3HeCeHHH
rJIaCHOrO, KOTOpblH CJIe.llyeT 3a COrJIaCHblM (cpaBHI1Te nepe.ZI. 3epKaJIOM
nOJIO}KeHHe ry6 npH npOH3HeCeHI1H pa3JII1qHbIX COqeTaHHii: /laAa, AOAO,
AYAY, AblAbl, AUAU, MAe);
KOHIJHK H3blKa nO.llHflT K rneiiKaM BepXHI1X pe3IJ.OB. npl1 npOH3Hece-
HHH TBep.llOrO.lt KOHQHK fl3blKa He Hanpfl}KeH, a npH npOH3HeCeHI111 MHr-
KOro .It - CHJIbHO Hanpfl}KeH;
Me:m.llY KpaHMH H3blKa (no 60KaM I1X) H KopeHHblMH 3y6aMH 06pa3Y-
eTCH meJIb .llJIfi npOXO.lla Bbl.ZI.bIXaeMOro B03.llyxa;
KopHeBaH qaCTb R3b1Ka npH npOH3HeceHHH TBep.ZI.orO.lt nO.llHflTa, a
npH npOH3HeceHHH MflrKoro .It - onymeHa;
He6HaH saHaBeCKa nO.ZI.HflTa TaK, liTO CTPYfl BbI.ZI.blxaeMoro B03.ZI.yxa
He MO}KeT npOXO.llHTb Qepe3 HOC;
rOJlOCOBble CBHSKH COMKHYTbI H BH6pHPYIOT.
He.llOCTaTKH np0l13HOrneHHH 3BYKOB .It H .ltb Ha3bIBalOTCH J1aM6J{aI{HS-
MOM, saMeHa 3BYKa .It .llPYrHMH 3BYKaMH PYCCKoro aJI<paBHTa 'Ha3blBaeTCH
napaJIaM6J{aI{HSMOM.
npHBO.llHM HaH60JIee QaCTO BCTpeQalOrn.HeCfl pa3HOBH.llHOCTH 3THX
IIe.llOCTaTKOB,
J1aM6,lJ.al(H3M.
1. 3BYK .It BOBce He npOH3HOCHTCfl (Aonama - «ona1'a», MOAOKO-
«MOOKO», noA - «no»),
2. 3BYK.It npOH3Ho'CHTCfl MHrKO, KaK .ltb (Ayna - «JIIOHa», nUAa-
«nHJIH», nOA - «nOJIb»).
3. 3BYK .It npoH3HOCHTCfl, KaK I1HOCTpaHHOe.lt (YBYJIHpno), KO-
peHb H3blKa npH 3TOM onyrn.eH.
70

4, 3BYK.It npOtf31IOCHTCfl rHycaBo (KaK HZ), npl1lleM 06pa3YeT CMbltt-
l<y KOpHfl fl3blKa C IIUlrKHM HroOM H Bbl.D:OX npOI1CXO.D:I1T Ilepes HOC.
n apaJIaM6,lJ.au.H3M.
1. 3BYK .It 3aMeHfleTCfl 3BYKOM P (/lyfta - «PYHa», MO/lOKO - «MO-
pOKO», nO/l - «nop»).
2. 3BYK .It 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM 6 - ry6Ho-3y6HblM (/lYK - «BYK»,
cClIlam - «caBaT», nO/l - «nom».
3. 3BYK.It 3aMeHfleTCH 3BYKOM (j - ry6Ho-ry6HbIM.
4. 3BYK.It 3aMeHfleTCfl 3BYKOM Y (/laMna - «yaMna», MO/lOKO -«MOY-
OKO» , nO/l -«noy»).
5. 3BYK .It 3aMeHneTCfl 3BYKOM it - (/laMna - «HaMna», Ka/lOtull-
«KaHoIlIH», nOIl - «noM»).
6. 3BYK .It 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM H (/lOU/aab - «HollIa.D:b», na/lKa-
<<naHKa», KO/l - «KOH»).
7. 3BYK .It 3aMeHHeTCfl 3BYKOM bl (/lyfta - «bIYHa», CO/lOMa - «COblO-
Ma», nO/l - <<nObl»).
8. 3BYK.It 3aMeHfleTCH 3BYKOM « (/lyfta - «KYHa», /laMna - «KaMna»,
yna/la - «ynaKa»).
9. 3BYK .It 3aMeHHeTCfl npOTOpHblM 3BYKOM 2 (YKpaHHCKHM).
He.D:OCTaTKH npOH3HOllIeHHH CMflrlleHHoro 3BYKa .It (.It b) BCTpellalOTCSI
3HallHTeJIbHO peMe 11 OOblllHO BblpaMalOTCH B 3aMeHe 3BYKa .It 3BYKOM it I
(/lemo - «HeTO», 6a/leftKU - «BaHeHKH», CO/lb - «COH»), lITO npn.D:aeT pe-
Iln xapaKTep .ZI.eTCKoro JIeneTa.
Cnoco6b1 YCTpaHeHHSI pa3JIH1JHbIX BH,lJ.OB JIaM6,lJ.au. H 3Ma
H napaJIaM6,lJ.au.H3Ma.
I-if cnoco6. .nOfone.ZI., Cn.D:fl nepe.D: 3epKaJIOM C YllaII.J.HMCH, npe.ZI.JIara-
eT eMY npOCYHYTb IlIHpOKO paCnJIaCTaHHblif H3blK MeM.D:Y 3y6aMH, CJIefKa
npHKYCHTb KOHIlI1K fl3blKa H nO.D:aTb roJIOC. nOJIYllaeTCH 3BYK, 6JII13KHM K
3BYQaHHIO .It. hOT 3BYK BHallaJIe npOH3HOCHTCfl .D:JIHTeJIbHO, a 3aTeM, KOf-
.ZI.a .It 6Y.D: eT CJIbIlIlaTbCH flCHee, JIorone.ZI. npe.lI.JIaraeT YlleHHKY Coe.D:I1HHTb
ero C fJIaCHblMI1 3BYKaMH B npflMOM H 06paTHOM nOpfl.D:Ke, OTKpblTblX H
SaKpbITblX CJIorax (/la, /l0, /lY, /lbl; a/l, O/l, Y/l, U/l).
KorJIa .It 6Y.D:eT 3BYllaTb .ZI.OCTaTOIlHO Ile-rKO B OT.D:eJIbHblX CJIOfOBblX
ynpaMHeHHHX npH MeM3YOHOM nOJI.O>KeHHH H3b1Ka, MOMHO nepeifTH K npo-
H3HeceHHIO CJlOrOB II CJIOB, CO.D:epMaII.J.HX 3BYK .It ( ROHIlHK fl3blKa npl1 aTOM
npO.D:OJIMaeT OCTaBaTbCH B Me}K3y6HoM nOJlO>KeHHU).
nOCTeneHlIO np0l13HOlIleHHe 3BYK3 .It YKpenJiHeTCH, aBTOMaTH3HpYeT-
CH H KOHIlHK H3blKa nepeBO.D:HTCH 3a BepxHHe pe3IJ.bl.
71

2-8 cnoc06. ECJIH He 6Y.D:eT .nOttHtHY'fO TOqHOe 3i3yqalme.li nepBblM
tnocOOOM, MOMHO npl1MeHI1Tb .D:pyroii, a HMeHHO: JIorone.D: npe.ZI.JIaraeT
yqeHHKY BblTHHYTb ry6bl Bnepe.ZI. H, .D:JIHTeJIbHO npOH3HOCH 3BYK y, npo-
CYHYTb KOHqHK S13bIKa MeM.ZI.Y BblTfIHYTbIMH ry6aMH (CJIbIlliHTCH 3ByK,
6J1H31<I-iH K .It), B TO BpeMH KaK yqeHHK npOTHMHO npOH3HOCHT 3TOT 3BYK,
JIoronen naJlbUMH pa3l(Bl1raeT ero ry6b1, 3YObi oOHaMalOTCH, H CJlbIIllI1TCH
qHCTbIH 3BYK.It (npH MeM3y6HOM nOJlOMeHl111 KOHqHKa Sl3bIKa). 3TOT 3BYK
taK Me, KaK npH OBJIa.D:eHI1H 11M nepBblM CIJoc060M, He06xo.D:I1MO 3aKpenJlHTb
B CJIorax, CJlOBaX H npe.ZI.JlOMeHI1Hx.
3-it cnoco6. J1orone.D: npe.ZI..haraeT yqeHlIKY npocYHYTb llil1pOKO pac-
iIJIacTaHHblH Sl3blK MeM){Y 3y6aMI1, CJIerKa npllKYCI1Tb ero KOHql1K H ){JlH-
TeJlbHO npoH3HecTu 3BYK bl- nOCJIbillil1TCH TBep.D:Oe.lt; no Mepe 3aKpenJIe-
HHH 3ByqaHI1H .It npM TaKOM nOJIOMeHHH H3blKa Me1K3y6HaH apTHKYJlHuHH
:noro 3BYKa nOCTeneHHO nepeBo.D:I1TCH B 3a3y6HYIO.
Ilot5uBaHcb npaBHJIbHoro npoH3HoIIIeHHH CMHrqeHHOrO .It (.ltb), HYM-
HO oCoOeHHo TmaTeJIbHO CJIe.D:I1Tb 3a reM, qTOObl KOHqHK H3bIKa KpenKO
ynl1paJiCSI B IIIeHKY BepXHHX pe3UOB H BeCb Sl3bIK 6bIJI HanpHMeH,
npH HCnpaBJIeHlIH rHycaBoro npOH3HOIlleHHH .It peKOMeH.D:yeTcH
npl1MeHHTb BTOpOH cnoc06. nOJIe3HO BHaqa.ne npe.ZI.JlOMHTb yqeHHKY BbITH-
HYTb ry6b1 (6e3 HanpHMeHHH H 6e3 rOJIoca), .D:YTb Ha 6YMaMKY HJIH BaTKY.
B pe3YJlbTaTe TaKHX ynpa>l<HeHHii yqeHHK JIyqIIIe 6Y.D:eT Omyrn.aTb TOK
Bbl.ZI.bIXaeMoro B03.ZI.yxa qepe3 pOT.
B Tex CJlyqaHX, KOr.D:a yqamHHCSI 3aMeHHet 3BYK .It ry6Ho-3y6HbIM 6,
CJIe.D:yeT naJIbUaMH pa3.ZI.BHraTb BepXHlOIO H HHMHIOIO ry6bI, npHMI1MaH
HX K ofiHaMHHbIM pe3uaM, Me*.D:Y KOTOpblMI1 npOCYHYT paCnJIaCTaHHbIH
KOHqHK H3bIKa. ::>To HYIKHO npO.D:eJIblBaTb .ZI.O Tex nop, nOKa yqamHiicH He
OTBbIKHeT BbI.D:Bl1raTb ry6bI Bnepe.D:, npOH3HOCH 3BYK.It B CJIOrOBblX ynpa1K-
HeHHHX H CJlOBaX, CO.D:pMamI1X -BYK .It.
llJlH C03HaTeJIbHOrO BocnpHHTHSI apT1!KYJIHUHH Sl3bIKa OqeHb nOJIe3-
HO .D:aTb yqeHHKY B03MOMHOCTb nepe.ZI. 3epK3JIOM H3yqHTb MeCTO conpHKOC-
HOBeHHH KOHqHK8 H3blKa C IIIeiiK8MH BepXHHX pe3UOB H YKpenHTb ny
apTHKYJISlUHIO B CJIorOBbiX ynproKHeHHSlX.
3BYKH P H Pb.
3BYK P (COHOpHblii, BH6paHT) npHHa.Zl.Jle1KHT K rpynne nepe.n.HeH3hIQ-
HbIX H npOH3HOCHTCH npH CJIe.ZI.YlOIll.eM nOJIOMeHHH qaCTeH apTHKYJlHUHOH-
HorO annapaTa:
ry6h1 HaxoMTCH B nOJIO}l{eHHH, CBOHCTBeHHOM HM npH npOH3Hece-
HHH rJIaCHOrO, KOTOpbIH CJIe.ZI.yeT 3a COrJIaCHbIM. B 3TOM JIerKO MOMHO y6e-
.ZI.HTbCH, npOlI3HOCH nepeA 3epKaJIOM COqeTaHHSI papa, popo, pypy, pblPbl,
pepe, pupu;
72

KOHI.JUK 113b1Ka B OpMe JIO>KKH nO.ZI.HSlT H BH6pHpyeT Y MbBeOJl (npH
TBep.lI:OM p) HJJ.H Y IIIeeK BepXHUX Pe3l\OB (npH CMHPleUHOM P - pbh
KopHeBaSi l.JaCTb Sl3blKa onyrneHa;
rOJlOCOBble CBSl3KH COMKHYTbl 11 BHOPHPYIOT;
He6HaSi 3aHaBeCKa nO.ll:HHTa H nperpa>K.ZI.aeT B03.ZI.YXY BblXO.ll: llepe3
HOC;
HanpSl>KeHHe Bbl.ll:blXaeMOH CTPYH B03.l1:yxa CHJIbHoe.
He.ll:OCTaTKI1 npOH3HOllieHHH 3BYKa P U pb Ha3bIBalOTCH pOTal\H3MOM,
3aMeHa 3BYKa p .lI:PYrHMH COrJIaCHbIMH 3BYKaMU PYCCKoro aJlaBHTa -
napapOTaLl,U3MOM.
npHBO.ll:HM HaH60JIee llaCTO OCTpeqalOIll.HecH pa3HOBH.lI:HOCTH 3THX
He.ll:OCTaTKOB.
POTau,H3M.
1. 3BYK P BOBce He npOH3HOCHTCH (pax - «aK», Kop08a - «KOOBaJ&,
nap - «na»).
2. 3BYK P npOH3HOCl1TCH KapTaBo (BeJIHpHOe p); B .ZI.aHHOM CJIyqae
npOHCXO.ll:l1T BHOpal\I1H He KOHIlHKa H3bIK3, a He6HOH 3aHaBeCKI1, K KOTO-
pOH npH6JIIi>KeH KopeHb H3b1Ka, oopa3YH Y3KI1H KaHaJI.
- D:PyraH opMa KapTaBOCTH (YBYJIHpHOe p) npOHCXO.ZI.HT BCJIe.ZI.CTBlIe
BHOpal\HH MaJIeHbKOro H3bNKa  yrJIy6J1eHHu KOpHH H3b1Ka.
3. 3BYK P npOH3HOCHTCH He KOHIlI1KOM H3blKa, a OOKOBblM KpaeM
(OOKOBOH pOTal\H3M). Tor.ll:a BMecTO p CJIblIIIHTCH 3BYK, COCTOHIll,HH 113
OblCTporo COlleTaHHH 3BYKOB p H .ltb (p.ltb).
4. 3BYK P npoH3HoCHTCH KaK KYllepcKoe npp (BHopauHH KpenKo
COMKf!YThIX ry6). .
5. 3BYK P npoH3HocHTCH rHycaBo (KaK HZ), npHqeM KopeHb Sl3blKa
oopa3YeT CMblllKY C MHrKHM He60M H Bbl.ZI.OX npOHCXO.ZI.HT llepe3 HOC (cpaB-
HHTb HOCOBOH JIaM6.l1:aUH3M - CTp. 70).
6. 3BYK P npoH3HoCHTCH O.ll:HoY.lI:apHO, T. e. BMecro nepHO.ZI.HlleCKHx
KOJIeOaHHH KOHIlHKa Sl3blKa npoH3Bo.ZI.HTCH TOJIbKO O.ZI.HOKpaTHbIH Y.ZI.ap
KOHIlHKa 00 aJIbBeOJIbl. B pe3YJIbTaTe nOJIyqaeTcH p, nOXO>Kee Ha 3BYK
o (npH nonblTKe BocnpoH3BecTH .ZI.JIHTeJ1bHbIH P9KOT appppppp,.. ooHa-
PY>KHBaeTCH OTCYTcTBl1e HacToHIll.eH BH6p a l\HH),
7. 3BYK P np0l13HOCHTCH MHrKO, KaK pb (PYKa - «pIOKa», Kop08a-
«KOpeBa», wap - «IIIapb»).
n apapoTau,H3M.
1. 3BYK P 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM B, KOTOpblH npoH3HocHTCH ooeHMH
ryoaMH 6es BHOpal\HH (PYKa - «BYKa», nap0808 - «naBOB03», nap-
«naB») .
73

2. 3BYK P 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM 0 (paMa - «.D:aMa», mpaea - «T.D:a.
Ba», cop - «CO.D:»). .
3, 3BYK P 3aMeHSIeTCH 3BYKOM bl (paMa - «bIaMa», 60p01la - «BObiO.
H8». Cbtp - «CblbI»).
4. 3BYK P 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM .It (pbt6a - «JIbIoa», ap6Y3 - «a.n-
oyS», Cbtp - «CblJI»).
5. 3BYK P 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM Z (pYKa - «rYKa», nap0803 - «nara.
BOO», nap - «nan».
6. 3BYK P 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM it I1JIH.ltb (PYKa - «MYKa» - «JIIO-
Ka», pbt6a - «HHoa» - «JIHoa», nap - <<DaM» - «naJIb»); TaKoe np0I13HO-
IlIeHl1e HOCHT xapaKTep .D:eTCKoro JIeneTa.
1.IacTo oblBalOT CJIyqaH, KOr.D:a HenpaBHJIbHO npOH3HOCI1TCH TOJIbKO
T!3 e p.D:oe p, MflrKoe >Ke p npoH3HocHTCH HOpMaJIbHO.
Cnoco6bl YCTpaHeHHSI pa3JIHIJHblX BH,lJ.OB poTal(H3Ma
H napapOTal(H3Ma.
\
1-" cnoco6. YqeHI1KY, CH.D:Hw.eMY C JIorOne.D:OM nepe.D: 3epKaJIOM,
npe.D:JIaraeTCH IlIHpOKO Ol'KpblTb pOT, nO.D:HHTb KOHql1K H3blKa 3aBepxHHe
pe3ubl K aJIbBeOJIaM If. .ZI.JIHTeJIbHO npoH3HocHTb 3BYK 3. Bo BpeMH BbInOJI-
HeHI1H ::noro JIorone.D: UInaTeJIeM, nO.D:JIO>KeHHbIM no.ZI. KOHqHK Sl3bIKa,
np0I13BO.D:HT qaCTble KOJIe6aHI1H, OT<:iero nOJIyqaeTCH pOKOl', xapaKTepHbiM
.D:JIH npoH3HoIlIeHHH 3BYKa p. 3TOT MeXaHHqeCKHH cnoc06 .ZI.aeT B03MO>K-
HOCTb yqaIll,eMycH OW.YTHTb BH6paUHIO H3bIKa, 3aneqaTJIeTb ee KHHeCTeTH-
qeCKH (MbIIlIeqHO) H B .D:aJIbHeHUIeM BocnpOH3BO.D:HTb caMoCTOSlTeJIbHo.
3BYK p, 0t5pa30BaHHb1M MeXaHHqeCKIfM cnocooOM, COe.ZI.HHHeTcH C
rJIaCHblMH B OTKpbITOM 11 3aKpblTOM cJIorax, B 3BYKOBbiX COqeTaHHHX H
CJIOBax.
TaKHM 06pa30M, noceneHHO 3BYK p BBO.ZI.HTCH B peqb yqaw.erocH.
2-" cnoco6. D:06HBUIHCb qeTKOrO JI.JlHTe.'IbHOro np0l13HeCeHHH yqe-
HHKOM BepxHero aJIbBeOJIHpHoro 3, eMY npe.D:JIaralOT npoH3HOCHTb CJIOfH,
CJIOBa H npe.D:JIO>KeHI1H, cO.D:ep>KaIll,He 3TOT 3BYK.
BMeCTO BH6paHTa p BpeMeHHo CJIbIIlIHTCH npOl'opHbIH 3BYK, 6JIH3KI1H
K p, HO 6e3 BH6paUl1H, 3TOT 3BYK nOCpe.D:CTBoM TpeHHpOBOqHblX ynpa>K-
HeHHM BBO.D:HTCH B peqb ytlaw.erocH, nOCTeneHHO npHOOpeTaeT ::meMeHTbl
3ByqaHHH p H B KOHue KOHLl.OB nepexo,lUiT B qHCToe, CJIerKa BH6pHPYIO_
w.ee p.
3-" cnoco6. Yqaw.eMycH npeJI.JlaraeTCH np0l13HOCHTb ObICTpO .ZI.JI 11 H-
HblM pH.ZI. oooooiJ... npH nOJIyoTKPbITOM pTe (KOHIlHK H3bIKa HaXO.D:I1TCSI y.
aJIbBeOJI). Ha.ZI.o, qTOObi yqeHI1K B 3epKaJIe BH.D:eJI ObIcTpble Y.D:apbI KOHqIlKa
H3b1Ka. Tet.m 3THX Y.ZI.apOB nOCTeneHHO yqaI.lJ.aeTCH, H KOJIeOaHHH KOHqHKa
74

SI3blKa npOH3BO.zUITC, B paSJIHtlHOM pHTMe (iJiJiJiJiJiJ... iJiJiJiJiJiJiJiJiJiJiJ...);
OOpa30BaliHbIe B peaYJIbTaTe PHTMHqHblX Y.ZI.apOB fl3blKa 3BYKH Coe)J.HHfllOT-
Cfl C rJIaCHblMH B npHMOM H 06paTHOM nop, fl.ZI.Ke HanpHMep:
iJiJiJa aiJiJiJ aaaiJiJa
iJooo caiJo oi)iJoiJo
iJooy yiJiJiJ yooiJoy
iJiJObt uooo UiJiJiJObt H T. .It.
Mbt npe.ll:nOql1TaeM BbIpa6aTbIBa'I'b npaBI1JIbHOe npOlt3HOIlIeIiHe p
I-M H 2-M cnoc06aMI1, He .ZI.06HBaHcb ero paCKaTI1CToro 3ByqaHHH, TaK KaK
pacKaTHcToe p yqeHHKH .lI:OJIro He BBO.ll:HT B CBH3HYlO pa3rOBopHYlO peqb'
CqHTaH ero HeeCTeCTBeHHbUM,
l.ITOObl yqeHHK nOHHJI, KaK nOJIyqaeTCH CMHrqeHHbIH 3BYK P (pb),
CJIe.ll:yeT nOKa3aTb eMY, qTO 31'0T 3BYK npH06peTaeT MHrKOCTb B Pe3YJIb-
TaTe npI10JIH>KeHHH KOHql1Ka H3blKa K BepXHHM pe3uaM B MeCTe aJIbBeOJI.
Kor.ll:a npaBHJIbHoe npOH3HeceHHe 3ByKOB p, pb, .It, .ltb 6Y.ZI.eT .lI:O-
CTHrHYTO, He06xo.ll:I1MO Tll\aTeJIbHO BbInOJIHHTb ynpa>KHeHHH Ha .lI:H<l$epeH-
Ul1aUHIO 3TI1X 3BYKOB B CJIorax, CJIOBaX, npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHHX, npH qTeHHH H
paCCKa3b1BaHHH.
Oc06eHHoe BHHMaHHe CJIe.ll:yeT Y.ll:eJIHTb .ZI.H<l$epeHUl1aUHH 3THX 3BY-
KOB npH nHCbMe, He06xo.ZI.HMo CBH3bIaTb YCTHble ynpa>KHelUlH C nHCbMeH-
HbIMH.
ABTOMATH3AI.(HSI npOH3HOlllEHHSl 3BYKOB
.It, .ltb, p, Pb.
Ynp3JKHeHHSI ,lJ.JISI aBTOMaTH3au.HH npOH3HorneHHH 3BYKa .It.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOH3HeCTH qeTKO 3BYK .It B CJIorax H CJIOBax.
Cnl1CaTb CJIOrM H CJIOBa.
JIa JIa JIa -
JIO JIO JIO - JIOM
JIY JIY JIY - JIYK
JIbI bI JIbI - JIbDKH
3.JI" aJI aJI - MaJl
OJI OJI OJI - KOJI
YJI YJI YJI - MYJI
bIJI bIJI bIJI - ObIJI
JIaK"
JIana
.nanwa
JIo6
JIOS
JIOCb
JIYK
JIyq
JIyra
,/"
\
75

JI aHbIlli 310>KKa 31¥Ha
JIaCT01JKa 310TO JIY}Ka
K)JIa MbIJIO Bll31bI
n"31a CaJIO BOJIbl
MHJI a llil1310 K031bI
C31aBa'.- r1] a3 631 aH K
CJIaKO rJIaBa o6naKo
CJIaBHbIH r 3106yc 6310KHOT
......
CJIOH' r31YIllb 6310HHH
- rJIbl6a 0631 O>KKa
CJ}OP
. rJIyxoH 6JIY3a
CJIYx
3a.naHH e.
Ha3BaTb HapHCOBaHHble npe.D:MeTbl H sanHcaTb HX Ha3BaHHSI.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
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86

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llIeuKa nJIaBaJIa B nOJIblHbe.
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Bce paBHbI, KaK Ha nOJJ;6op;
CTapH ,lJ.SI,Z:(bKa 4epHoMop
C HHMH H3 MOpS! BbIX0JJ.HT
11 nonapHO HX BbIBO,lJ.HT,
4T06bI OCTpOB TOT xpaHHTb
11 l\030pOM 06XO,lJ.HTb -
I-'t TOH CTpa>KH HeT Han.e>KHeH,
HH xpa6pee, HH npHJIe}KHeH.
100
A. nYUlKUH.

* *
*
n. EpUlOB.
BOT B'be3)KaeT Ha nommy,
Dp.HMO K MOplO-oKlUmy;
DOnepeK ero JIe)KHT
LJy,lJ.O-IO.n;O, pbI6a-KHT.
Bce 60Ka era II3pbITbl,
LJacTOKOJIbl B pe6pa B6HTbl,
Ha XBOCTe Cblp-6op lllYMHT,
Ha cnHHe ceJIO CTOHT:
MY)KHKH Ha ry6e nalllYT,
Me)K}\Y rJIa3 MaJIbqHlllKH nJI.HlllYT,
A B ,lJ.y6paBe, Me)K YCOB,
I1III.YT ,neBYlllKH rpH6oB.
OEIII.ECTBO "4I1CTbIX T APEJ10K.
B. EOHtt-EpyeButt.
Bce paCCeJIHCb BOKpyr CTOJIa Ha Teppace. 3a CTOJIOM
6bIJIO Tpoe ,lJ.eTeH: ,lJ.Be )1.eBoqKH H MaJIbqHK. OHH nO,lJ.B.H3aJIH
CaJIeTKH H THXO CH,lJ.eJIH, O)KH.n;a.H, Kor,na HM nO,lJ.a.n;YT cyn.
BJIa,nHMHp I1JIbHq nocMaTpHBaJI Ha HHX H TIlXOHbKO pa3raBa-
p"BaJI. BOT no,naJIH cyn. JI.eTH e.TIH nJIoxo, nOqTH BeCb cyn
OCTaJIC.H B TapeJIKax. BJIa,nHMHp I1JIbHq nOCMOTpe.TI He-
O,lJ.06pHTe.TIbHO, HO HHqero He CKa3aJI. Do,naJIH BTopoe. Ta )Ke
HCTOpH.H - On.HTb MHoroe OCTaJIOCb Ha Tape.TIKax.
- -A BbI COCTOHTe qJIeHaMH 06III.eCTBa qHCTbIX TapeJIOK? --0
rpOMKO CnpOCHJI BJIa,lJ.HMHp I1JIblIq, 06paIII.a.HCb K .n;eBOqKe
Ha,lJ.e, cH.n;eBllleH p.H,nOM C HHM.
- HeT, - THXOHbKO OTBeTHJIa OHa H paCTep.HHHO no-
CMOTpella Ha ,lJ.pyrHx ,lJ.eTeH.
- A TbI?. A TbI? - 06paTHJIC.H OH K MaJIbqHKY H l(e-
BOqKe.
- HeT, Mbi He COCTOHM! - OTBenl.JIH .n;eTH.
101

- KaK )Ke 3TO BbI? TIOqeMY TaK 3an03,lJ.aJIH?
- MbI He 3HaJIH... MbI HHqero He 3HaJIH 06 3TOM 06me-
CTBe, - Topon$Icb, roBOpHJIH ,lJ.eTH.
- HanpacHo... 3TO OqeHb )KaJIbl OHO ,lJ.aBHO Y>Ke cyme.
cTByeT.
- A MbI He 3HaJIHI - pa30qapOBaHHO CKa3aJIa Ha,lJ.$I.
- BnpOqeM, BbI He ro.n;HTeCb .n;JI$I 3TOro 06meCTBa...
Bac BCe paBHO He npHMYT, - Cepbe3HO CKa3aJI BJIa.n;HMHp
I1JIbHq.
- TIOqeMY?.. TIOqeMY He npHMYT? - Hanepe60M cnpa-
lllHBaJIH ,lJ.eTH.
- KaK nOqeMY? A KaKHe Y Bac TapeJIKH? TIocMoTpHTel
KaK )Ke Bac MorYT npHH$ITb, Kor,lJ.a BbI Ha TapeJIKaX BCe
OCT aBJI $IeTe I
- MbI CeMqaC ,lJ.Oe,lJ.HMI
11 ,lJ.eTH CTaJIH ,lJ.Oe,lJ.aTb BCe, qTO Y HHX OCTaJIOCb Ha Ta-
peJI Kax.
- Hy, eCJIH BbI HcnpaBHTeCb, Tor,lJ.a nonpOOOBaTb MO)K-
HO... TaM H 3HaqKH BbI.ll.alOT TOMY, Y Koro TapeJIKH BCer,lJ.a
qHCTbIe, - npo,lJ.oJI)KaJI BJIa.n;HMHp I1JIbHq.
- 11 3HaqKHI.. A KaKHe 3HaqKH? - paccnpalllHBaJIH
,lJ.eTH. - A KaK )Ke nocTynHTb TY,lJ.a?
- Ha,lJ.o nO,lJ.aTb 3a$IBJIeHHe.
- A KOMY?
- MHe.
lI.eTH nOnpOCHJIH pa3perneHH$I BCTaTb H3-3a CTOJIa H no-
6e)KaJIH nHcaTb 3a$IBJIeHHe.
4epe3 Hel<OTopoe BpeM$I OHH BepHYJIHCb Ha Teppacy H
TOp>KeCTBeHHo BPyqHJIH 6YMary BJIa.n;HMHPY I1JIbHqy.
BJIa.n;HMHp I1JIbHq npOqeJI, nOnpaBHJI TPH 01llH6KH H Ha,lJ.-
nHCaJI B yrJIY: «Ha.n;o npHH$ITb».
OKT5IEP5ITA - J11OlI.11 EYlI.YIIJ.ErO.
«MbI Bce )KHBeM B BeJIHKOM H npeKpacHoM CTpaHe COBe-
TOB, cTpaHe OKT$I6p$I, HO $I-TO )KHBY B HeM Bce 60 JIeT, C
102

caMoro ee pO>K,neHlHI B oKTSI6pe 1917 ro,lJ.a. 51 BMeCTe C MOHMH
TOBapHrn.aMH noi\ PYKOBO,nCTBOM BJIa,nHMHpa HJIbtIlla
J1eHHHa nOMOraJI ee pO)K,Z:(eHHIO.
1 A cero,nHSIllIHHM OKTSI6pSITaM, roBOpHJI SI ce6e, Bcero-To
no ,lJ.eCSITb, a TO H MeHbllIe JIeT. lITO-TO OHH 3HalOT 0 CBoeH
CTpaHe, 0 lleM ,nYl'vJaIOT?»
11 BOT o,nHa>K,nbI J1. n. PeSYCCKHH, IlJIeH Kncc C 1906
rO,lJ.a, n06bIBaJI B pe,nal<UHH >KypHaJIa «MYP3HJIKa», H eMY
nOKa3aJIH ue,TIYIO nanKY pe6SIIlbHx nHceM.
- lIHTalO SI pe6SIIlbH COIlHHeHHSI O,lJ.HO 3a ,lJ.PyrHM, -
paCCKa3bIBaeT Pe3ycCI<HH, - H Ha ,nYllie Y MeHSI CTaHOBHTCSI
BCe TenJIee, BCe pa,nOCTHee. KaKHe >K:e OHH MOJIO,lJ.UbI, Hallm
OKTSI6pSITai Bce BMeCTe nOMoraSI ,lJ.PYP JIpyry, OHH YBH,neJIH
OlleHb MHoro Ba}l<Horo, qTO H Hac, B3pOCJIbIX JIIO,neH, 3aCTaB-
JISIeT rop,lJ.HTbCSI HallieH PO,lJ.HHOH, BeJIHKOH CTpaHOH OK-
TSI6pSI .
B ,naJIeKOM 1919 ro,ny BJIa,lJ.HMHp I1JIbHq J1eHHH roBOpHJI,
qTO BHYKaM HallIHM MHoro JIeT cnycTSI TPY,lJ.HO 6Y,lJ.eT npe,lJ.-
craBHTb, KaK MOr,TIH npllHa,lJ.JIe>K:aTb KOMY-TO O,nHOMY a6pH-
KH H 3aBo,nbl, KaK Mor O,nHH qeJIOBeK Ha>K:HBaTbCSI 3a CqeT
,lJ.Pyroro, KaK MorJIH cyrn.ecTBoBaTb JIIO,nH, He 3aHHMaBlllHecSI
TPY,lJ.OM. _
BaM cero,nHSI ,neHCTBHTeJIbHO TPY)J;HO ce6e BCe 3TO npe,n-
CTaBHTb. Hallia cTpaHa OTMeTHJIa 60JIblllOH 3aMeqaTeJIbHblH
npa3,lJ.HHK - 60-JIeTHe BeJIHKOH OKTSI6pbCKOH COuHaJIHCTH-
qeCKOH peBOJIIOUHH, HOBaSI KOHcTHTyuHSI CCCP CTaJIa Oc-
HOBHbIM 3aKoHoM Halllero COBeTcKoTo rocY,lJ.apCTBa.
B HeM 3anHcaHO TO, qero MbI, COBeTCKHe JIIO,lJ.H, ,nOCTHrJIH
3a llIeCTb ,lJ.eCSITHJIeTHiL H TO, qTO MbI CTaJIH MoryqeH COUHa-
JIHCTHqeCKOH ,lJ.ep>K:aBOH, H TO, qTO COBeTCKHH Halll HapO,lJ.
CHJIeH ,lJ.PY>K:60H H e,lJ.HHCTBOM Bcex 6paTCKHX HapOD.OB CCCP.
BJIa,lJ.HMHp I1JIbHq J1eHHH, roBOpSI 0 BHYKax, OqeHb Be-
pHJI B HHX. OH BepHJI, qTO ,lJ.eTH eIII.e ycep,nHee, qeM OTUbI,
6Y,lJ.YT CTpOHTb HOBYIO, CqaCTJIHBYlOJ KOMMYHHCTHLleCKYIO
>K:H3Hb.
103

BY,lJ.b'te }Ke AOCTOHHbI TOH JIeHliHCKOH BepbI 13 Bar, ok"
TSI6pSITa, BHYllaTa I1JIbHlla. Be,lJ.b npe,lJ.CTOHT c03.n;aBaTb 6y,lJ.Y-
.
IIJ.ee PO,lJ.HHbI.
3HaIlHT, BbI - JIlO,lJ.H 6YAYIIJ.erol
ABTOMaTH3au.HSI npOH3HomeHHSI 3BYK()B p H pb
B CaMOCTOSlTeJIbHOM pacCKa3e.
COCTABgEHHE PACCKA3A
no j],AHHbIM CJ/OBAM.
3a,lJ.8HHe.

no .ZI.aHHOMY o6pa3UY COCTaBHTb YCTHble paCCKa3bI.
CI1.lI.11 np5IMO.
napTa, ypOK, BbmpaBKa, ,lJ.bIxaHHe, Bpe,n, nepeYTOMJIe-
"He, HCKpHBJIeHHe, n03BOHOQHHK.
o 6 P a 3 e u pac C K a 3 a,
Ha yp01WX sa napmOI CUOU npRMO. CAedu sa ocaHlwt1.
HenpGJ3UAbHaR nocaoKa BpeOHa OAR opcaHU3Ma: npoucxooum
HenpaBUAbHOe OblxaHue, nepeymoMAeHue U UCKpU8AeHue no-
880HO'lHUlf,a.
nEPBOE CEHT5IBP5I.
Pe6SITa, <popMa, npHBeTCTBHSI t paCCKa3bI, BOCnOMtfHaHHSI,
.lJ,epeBHSI, JIarepb, 9KCKypCHSI, peqKa, KOCTep, HrpbI.
PbIBHA5I J10BJI5I.
OropO,n, QepBH, oaHl<3.; y.noqKa, KPlOq}{H, Be,lJ.pO, npy.zt,
6eper, y,lJ.aqa, KapaCH, PMOCTb, AOM, CKGBOpo.n;a, Y*HH,
ceCTpeHKa.
104

TEMbl D.JIf/ CAMOCTOf/TE.nbHOrO
COCTABJIEHlfH PACCKA30B.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
,
COCTaBHTb YCTHbIH paCCKa3 Ha O.ZI.HY H3 .ZI.aHHbIX TeM.
3anHcaTb paCCKa3.
BbInHCaTb H3 Hero CJlOBa co 3BYKaMH p - Pb.
1. KaK SI npoBe.TJ JIeTO.
2. Ham nHoHepcKHll KocTep.
3. KaK SI 6bIJI B 30onapKe.
4. KaK 03eJIeHHJIH Halli BOp.
5. KaK SI nOMOraJI CBoell MaMe.
6. KaK SI ,lJ.eJIalO YTpeHHlO1O rHMHacTHKY.
7. lITO SI BH,lJ.eJI Ha nepBOMallCKOM napa,lJ.e.
KAPTlfHKH p'JIf/ COCTABJIEHHf/ PACCKA30B.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
COCTaBHTb YCTHble paCCKa3bI no KapTHHKaM.
3anHcaTb paCCKa3bI.
nO.ZI.l!epKHYTb B HHX CJlOBa, CO.ZI.ep}Kar.u.He 3BYKH pH Pb.
11.: ,.  :__;..u
105
.0

.:.. .:....,.;
, f .'),
."'

.lUf4»4»EPEHl.{HAl.{H.sI 3BYKOB
.Il- P H .Ilb-Pb.
Ynpa}l{HeHHB ,lJ.J1B ,lJ.H(jJ(jJepeHl\Hal\HH 3BYKOB .Il- P H .Ilb - pb
B CJI0BaX H npe,lJ.J10}KeHHSlX.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
TIpollHTaTb H cnHcaTb CJIOBa.
JIOB - pOB
IOJIa - IOpa
nOJI - 60p
nJIYT - npy,lJ.
nOJIKa - nopKa
YKOJI - YKOP
nHJIOT - nlIpoP
JI02KKH - p02KKH
naJIaTbI - napa,lJ.bl
nJIOlliKa - TIpolliKa
CO.TIHTb - COpHTb
BaJIHTb - BapHTb
2KaJIHTb - 2KapHTb
naJIHTb - napHTb
llIaJIHTb - llIapHTb
KaJIHTb - KOpHTb
3a,lJ.aHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHCOBaHHbIe npe.ZI.MeTbI H 3anHcaTb HX Ha3BaHHH.
107
/,
.f,;

,.
//",,' 0
1("/ 
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).. . /10
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).
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.'.,
,
J
..., 
. ....
I
3anaHHe.
P-I'
npOllliTaTb Ii cnHcaTb CJ\OBa, BCTaB.7UISI nponYllI,eHHbIe 6YKBbI.
. -
O...tJJ
KpbI. ..0
TO....JIO
CTpe.. ,a
rpe...Ka
np06e....
n...aiIep
...eKapb
3a,lJ.aHHe.
)J.aTb nOJIfibIe OTBeTbI H8 BonpOCbl YCTHO Ii nHCbMeHHo.
1. KTO JIOBHT y.n;OqKOH pbI6y?
2. r.n;e cnHT Me,lJ.Be.n;b 3HMOH?
108
)KY. . . H aJI
. .eJIbCbI
an...eJIb \.
6e.. .JIora
)Ky...aBJIb
c.. .0Bapb
KO...MHJIeu.
Ka.. .aMeJIb
Ma. ..Hp
K...OJIHK
.. .a3ypb
KpbI...U.O
.. .bI60JIOB
KH...OMeTp
Ka...TOJIb
KaJIeH)J.a.. .

3. KTO KpacHT cTeHbI?
4. 4TO HaXO,lJ.HTCH Ha KopMe nO,lJ.KH?
5. KaKHe nTHl.{bI neTHT TpeyronbHHKoM?
6. KTO Ha noqTe npHHHMaeT Te.nerpaMMbI?
7. 4TO nponHcbIBaeT ,lJ.OKTOp 6onbHbIM?
8. KaK 3(>BYT nepBYIO )KeHl..llHHY-KocMoHaBTa?
en 0 B a ,lJ. n H C n p a B 0 K: pbl6oA08, 6ep/lOze, ;m;ypae-
AUt J,taAJlp, meAezpacjJucm, /leKapCm80, PY/lb, BaAeHmUH.a
TepetuKOea.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOIlHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JJ01KeHHfI.
XOpOlllO Ha BOJIre. Bonpa - pYCCKaH peKa Y KHpbt
KaHHKynbI. KlIpa OT.lJ;bIXana B ApTeKe. AJIna qHTana )KypHan.
Knacc nOlllen Ha 9KCKypCHIO. TIHoHepbI pa3Be.nH KOCTep.
lllypa pellIHJI HHTepeCHblif pe6yc. BOnO.lJ;H nOBHn B o3epe
pbI6y. Ha 9neBaTop npHBe3nH 3epHo. Ha lOre cTpaHbI BbI-
paI..llHBalOT xnonOK. B HallleH lllKOJIe eCTb pa.n;HoY3eJI. 3a-
KOHqHnHCb copeBHoBaHHH no nnaBaHHIO.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
-l..
npOlllITaTb II cnlIcaTb npe.ZI.JJ, 01KeHlIfl BCTaBJISlH nponym.eHHbIe t'iYKBbl.
HatJa...cH y...OK. KaJIeH.lJ;a... npH...OJl,bI. TIpHneTe... H
CKBO...l.{bI. TI...o3BeHe.n KO...OKOnbqHK. THMy...OBl.{bI-
cMe...blif Hapo.n;. «MYP3H...Ka» - HHTe...ecHbIH )KypHa... .
HacTynH... n...a3,lJ.HHK TIepBoe MaH. B lllKO...e npoxoJ{HJI
lllaxMaTHbIH TypHH... . Kyif6bIllleBcKaH r.3C nOCT...oeHa Ha
Bo...re.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOlllITaTb II cnlIcaTb npe.lJ.JlO1KeHHfl, BCTaBJIflfl nponym.eHHhIe CJIOBa.
JI.oMa YKpacHnH... . Bepa BblyqHna... . JIeB-
I.{apb . . . . 1(yer cHnbHbIH . . . . Co6aKa VpOMKO... .
TIopTHHxa lllbeT . .. . 3peeT. 30JIOTHCTaH . . . . HacTynn-
-:J.
109
J<'
, ,

J18 . . . noro,na. BOJIra - BeJ1HK85I PYCCKa5I . .. . YMHbIe
pe1JH npHHTHO... . BeJIbIH roJ1y6b - CHMBOJ1 . . .. B
MOCKBe eCTb KpaCHaH . . . . B J1eHHHrpa,ne eCTb .lI.BOpO-
BaH . . . . K0J1X03bI . . . xJ1e6 rocy,napCTBY.
C J1 0 B a ,n J1 51 C n p a B 0 K: YPOK, cplla2a.MU t eemep,
88epeCi., nllambe, Ilaem, pOJICb, peKa, XOpOUlaJl, CIlYUlamb, .Mupa,
nlloU{aOb, COallU.
3a,lJ.8HHe;
npO'iHTaTb nOCJIOBHlI.bI, 3ara.ZI.KH H CKoporOBopKH.
BbIY'iHTb nOCJIOBHlI.bI, aara.ZI.KI1 H CKoporOBOpKI1 HaH3YCTb H 3anllcaTb lIX
no naMHTH.
nOCJ10BHbI.
MaJ1 30J10THHK, ,na ,nopol'.
3a BCHKOe ,neJ10 6epHCb CMeJIO.
lITo C B03Y ynaJ10, TO nponaJ1o.
CpaJKsikH CMenO S2 npaBOe ,neJ1o.
KpaCHa JIeBYUIKa KocaMH, a COJI,naT - op,neHaMH.
YMeJIOrO, CMeJIOro CTp8X He B03bMeT H BP8l' He nOObeT.
CTapbIH ,nPYl' J1Y1JIIIe HOBbIX ,nBYX.
BOpOH8 XOTb H 3a Mope J1eTana, a BCe oenOH He CTaJIa.
J10,nblpb ,na oe3,nenbHHK - HM npa3,nHHK H B nOHe-
.ne.rrbHHK.
3 A r A .n I( H.
KpallieHoe KOpOMbICJIO Ha)\ peKoH nOBHCJIO.
( PaoY2a.)
113 3eMJIH BbIpaCTalO, BeCb MHp o,neBalO.
(JIeH.)
KTO Ba pa3a pO,nHJICH:
B nepBbIH pa3 r.na,nKHH,
BO HTOpOH pa3 MHrKHH,
H cKopo,neTb HaY1JHJICH?
(flemyx.)
110

.z:tBa 6paTlla ,npyr Ha Jl:pyra rJHIAHT ......... COHTHCb He MorYT.
(Eepeza pelw.)
DpHllJJIa THH B capa<l>aHe.
CTa.'1H Tamo pa3pHJKaTb,
CTaJIH nJIaK3Tb H pbIJl:aTb.
(JI YK06Ul{a.)
MaJIeHbKHH KOHeK 3a MopeM OblBaJI.
CnepeJl:H - IlJHJIblle,
C3a)J.H - BHJIblle,
Ha rpy,nH - oeJIo nOJIOTeHlle.
( JI aCmOttKa.)
EHJIH MeHH, OHd'lH, OHJIH, KOJIOTHJIH t
Ha KJlOtJbH pBaJIH, no noma BaJIHJIH,
no,n KJIlOtJ 3anHpaJIH, Ha CTOJI paCCTHJI3JIH.
(/left.)
MaJIeHbKHH IlJapHK no,n JIaBKOH IlJapHT.
(MblWb.)
C OOpOJl:OH, a He MYJKHK t C poraMH, a He ObIK, C nYXOM, a
He nTHlla, JIbIKO ,nepeT, a JIanreH He nJIeTeT.
(K03e/l.)
E,neT KOHb CTaJIbHOH, pbl1JHT,
C3a){H nJIyrH BOJI01JHT.
(TpaKmop.)
DpHIlJJIH MYJKHKH oe3 TonopOB,
- CPYOHJIH H30Y oe3 yrJIOB.
(MypaeeUftUK.)
M.aXHYJIa nTHll8 nepoM ----
3.8KpblJIa BeCb MHp OAHHM Kp'bIJIOM.
(TY'la. )
ill
,


III Y T K H.
. COPOKA.
- CopoKa, copOKa, me 6bJ-
JIa?
-- lla,,'leKo.
HaKOpMHJIa COp01.JaT,
1.JTO 6e3 YMOJIKY KpH1JaT t
Ha 60JI OTe , Ha JIyry t
CTOHT KpbIHK3 TBopory.
npHJIeTeJIH JJ.Be TeTepH,
nOKJIeBaJIH - YJIeTeJIH.
npHJIeTeJIH YTKH-
SaHrpaJIH B ){y){KH.
--- 3aHI.l 6MbJH J
KY.D,a 6eraJI?
- B JIec .D,y60BbJH.
- 1.JTO TaM JJ.eJIaJI?
- JIbIKO JJ.paJI.
A. n pOKOcpbe8.
a nOTOM no IlBopaM
nO.D,HHMaJIa Ta-pa-p aM.
CTpeKOTaJI at CTpeKOTa,,'l a f
TOJIbKO K H01JH nepeCTaJIa.
J1Hca no JIecy XOJJ.H,,'la,
JIHCa rOJIOCOM BOnHJIa,
JIHCa JIbI1.JKH JJ.paJIa t
JIHCa JIanOTKH nJIena:
MY*y Tpoe, ce6e .D,Boe
II JJ.eTHIIIKaM no JIanTHIIIKaM.
KY.D,a KJIaJI?
noJJ. KOJIO.D,Y.
KTO YKpaJI?
PO){HOH.
BbIH,lJ.H BOH I
C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K H.
Open Ha tope t
nepo Ha opJIe.
3a .D,epeBHeH t 3a nOCeJIKOM
ne.na, neJIa nepene. 1 1Ka,
nepeneJI npHJIeTeJI,
nepenenKY nepene.n.
112
IlleJI Erop 1.Jepe3 ){BOP,
HeC Tonop 1JHHHTb 3a60p.
TpH COpoKH-TapaTopKH,
BOp06eH C COCe.D,HeH rOpKH,
TpHcorY3KH, CBHpHCTeJIH
npHJIeTeJIH, 3aCBHCTeJIHI..

AHrjJrjJepeiuJ,Hau.HH 3BYKOB ./l - P H ./lb - pb
B CTHXax H paCCKa3ax.
3a.naHHe.
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COCTaBHTb YCTHble paCCKa3bI no .ZI.aHHbIM KapTHHKaM.
3anHcaTb paCCKa3W.
nO.ZI.tJ:epKHYTb B HHX CJlOBa, CO.ZI.ep>Karn.He 3BYKH .It - .ltb H P - Pb.
123

. . . ! "..". ft
. .... ,_. . , ';/,.
: .>r<';iftJ
".' .. I!I /Il \,; {I

1.J aCT b T peT b II.
METOAH1.JECKHE YKA3AHHSI K nOCT AHOBKE
nPABHJIbHOfO npOH3HOllJEHHSI 3BYKOB:
K, Z, X,
ROTOBAHHblX fJIACHblX,
3BOHKHX COfJIACHblX B" 6, 0,
CMSlf1.JEHHbIX COfJIACHblX H 3BYKA bl.
3BYI<U «, 1, x.
3BYKH Ie, 2, X OTHOCHTCSI K rpynne 3a.l!:HeS13bl'lHbIX.
Dplf npolf3HeceHlfH sBYKa Ie IIaCTIf apnIKYJISIUIfOHHoro annapaTa
3aHliMalOT CJIe.ZI.YlOlllee nOJIO>KeHlfe:
ryfibl npHHIfMalOT nOJIO>l\eHlie, CBoHcTBeHHoe IfM npH npolf3HeceHHIf
rJIaCRorO a;
paccToHHHe MelKny BepxHHMH H HH)I{HHMH 3yfiaMH TaKoe >Ke, KaK
If nplf npoH3HeceHIflf 3BYKa a;
KOH<:iHK H3b1Ka onYllleH;
cnHHKa H3b1Ka CHJIbHO BblrHYTa H KaCaeTCH rpaHHUbI TBep.ZI.OrO If
MHrKoro He6a;
HefiHaH 3aHaBeCKa nOlI.HSlTa Ii nplf>KaTa K 3a.ZI.HeH CTeHKe rJIOTKU, 33-
KpbIBaSi B03.l!:YXY npOXO.ZI. B HOC;
rOJIOCOBbie CBH3KH paSOMKHYTbI;
BblJJ.OX CIfJIbHbIH,KaK nplf npOlf3HeceHIflf COrJIaCHbIX n If m.
Dplf npOH3HeceHIflf SBYKa Z <:iaCTIf apnlKYJISIUIfOHHOro annapaTa 3a-
HI1MalOT TO >Ke nOJIO>KeHlfe, <:iTO If npH npolf3HeceHlfli 3BYKa K, HO pa3-
Hlfua COCTOIfT B TOM, qTO nplf npOH3HeceHlfH 3BYKa Z rOJIOCOBble CBSl3KIf
COMKHyrbI If Bu6pnpylOT; BbI.Zl.OX MeHee HanpSl>KeH, ljeM nplf npOl"Hece-
HIfIf SBYKa K.
3BYK x OTJIII<:iaeTCSI B CBeeM npOlf3HOllleHlfH OT 3BYKa K TeM, '1TO
cnm.IKa fl3blKa BMeCTO CMbl'lKIf C He60M, 06pa3YeT CY}J-;eHHe Ha rpaHlfue
Tsep.ZI. Oro If MHrKOro He6a, BCJIe.ZI.CTDl1e qero npl1 Bbl.l!:OXe 06pa3yeTcH
IlIYM. .
DpH npoH3HeceHlfl1 3BYKOB Ie, Z, x nOJIO>KeHHe ry6, fl3blKa, pacCTofl-
Hlfe Me>K.l!:Y BepXHIfMH H HIf>KHIfMIf 3y6aMIf 1f3MeHSleTCfI B SaBlfcnMOCTH OT
CJIe.ZI.}'lOllIero rJIaCHoro. TaK, npH npOlf3HeceHIflf CJIOrOB leO, KY IfJIH ZO,
2)1 ry6bI BblllBlfralOTCfI fmepe.ZI., npOHCXO.ZI. HT JIa6HaJII13aUlffl, KOHljHK fl3b1-
1<8 Y.ZI.8JIfleTCSI OT pesUOB, a cmlHKa Sl3b1Ka KacaeTCH MHrKoro He6a, npu
125

,-
npOH3HeceHHH 1Ke CJIOroB XO, xy B 3TOM 1Ke Mecre npOHCXo.nHT TOJIbKO
CY1KeHHe paccroHHHSI Me1K.ZI.Y cnHHKoii H3blKa Ii MHfKI1M HeOOM.
DpH npOli3HeceHliH CJIOroB Ke, KU }'fJIbi ryo OTTHfHBalOTCH Ha3a.ZI.,
fYObJ npHOJIH1KaIOTCH K pe3I1.aM, KOHIIHK Sl3blKa np\iOJilI>K8eTCSI K HH>KHHl\1
pe3I1.aM H ynHpaercSI B HHX, cnHHK8 1Ke Sl3blKa KacaerCH cpe.nHeH lIaCTH
Heoa (npH npOH3HeceHHH Ke, ze) H nepeJIHeii lIaCTH Heoa (npH npOH3He-
ceHHH KU, Zu). DpH npOH3HeceHHH CJIOroB XU, xe npOHCXOlUJT TOJIbKO
CY>KeHHe paCCTOSlHHH Me>KJI.Y cnHHKOH H3blKa H Cpe.ZI.HeH H nepe.nHeH lIa-
CTHMH TBep.ZI.OfO Heoa.
He.ZI.OCTaTKH npOH3HOllleHHH 3BYKa Ie Ha3bIBalOTCH K ann a I1. H 3-
M OM.
DpHBO.ZI.HM HaHOOJIee lIaCTO BC1pellalOlUHeCH pa3HOBH.ZI.1I0CTH 3TOro
HeJI.OCTaTKa:
1. BMeCTO npaBHJIbHOH apTHYJIHUHH npH npOH3HeceHHH 3BYKa "
npOHCXO.ZI.HT B3PbIB fOJIOCOBblX CBH30K; npH 310M He.nOCTaTKe cnHHKa H3bI-
Ka lIe nO.ZI.HHT8 K Heoy H He oopa3yeT CMbIIlKH, a HaXO.ZI.HTCH B nOJIO>KeHHH,
B KOTOpOM OHa JI.OJI>KHa HaXO.ZI.HTbCH .ZI.JIH npOH3HeceHHH CJIe.nYlOlUero rJIac-
HOro. B3pbIB CBH30K 06pa3yeT TpeCK, HeCKOJIbKO nOXO>KHH Ha B3PbIB,
conpOBO>KJI.aIOIUHH 3BYK " (BMecro Kawa CJIbIlllHTCH «'allla», BMeCTO naJl-
Ka - «naJI'a»).
2. 3BYK Ie 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM m (BMecTo Katua CJIbIlllliTCH «Tallla»,
BMecro K!lKYWKa - «TYTymTa»).
3. 3BYK Ie BOBce He npOH3HOCHTCH (BMeCTO KGUla CJIbIlllliTCH «'ama»,
BMeC10 KYKYWKa - «yym-a»).
He.nOCTaTKH npOH3HOllleHHH 3BYKa z Ha3bIBalOTCH raM M a I1. H 3-
M OM.
3BYK Z MO>KeT ObITb 3aMeHeH 3BYKOM 0 (BMeCTO eO/l08a CJIblIlIHTCH
«JI.OJIOBa», BMeCTO Hoea - «HOJI.a») HJIH npOH3HOCHTCH npOTopHO, KaK YKpa-
HHCKoe z.
He.nOCTaTKH npOH3HOllleHIISI 3BYKa x Ha3bIBalOTCH x H T H 3 MOM.
3BYK x MO>KeT 3aMeHHTbCfI 3BYKOM K (BMeCTO XOIlY CJIbIlllHTCH «KO-
IIY», BMeCTO Myxa - «MYKa») I1JII1 npOH3HOCHTCSJ C npHJI.bIXaHHeM, Ka K
HeMeUKoe h, HJIH >Ke 3aMeHHeTCH 3BYKOM C (BMeCTO xmy CJIbIlllHTCfl «CO-
qy», BMeCTO Myxa - «Myca», BMecro nemyx - «neryc»).
Cnoco6bI YCTpaHeHHSI He,lJ.OCTaTI<OB npOH3HOrneHHSI
3BYKOB K, 1, X.
DpH nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKOB ", Z, x JIOfOne.ZI., HCnOJIb3YH 3pHTeJ1bHblH
KOHTpOJIb YllalUerocH (lIepe3 3epKaJIO), OCH3aHlie H CJIYXOBoe BocnpliH-
THe, MO>KfT npHMeHHTb CJIe.nYIOUJ.He npHeMbI:
126

1. TIpH nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa " JIorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JJaraeT yqal1l.eMycfl npo-
H3HOCHTb HeCKOJIbKO pa1 nO.ZI.pHJI CJIOf ma H B aTO BpeMH Ha>KHMaeT IIma-
TeJJeM HJIH 30H.ZI.OM Ha KOHqHK ero fl3bJKa H nOCTeneHHO OTO.ZI.BHfaeT fl3blK
B fJJy6b pTa. BCJJe.ZI.CTBl1e aToro B3PbIB, KOTOpblH npH npOH3HeCeHHI1 3BY-
Ka m npOH3BOJII1TCH CMblqKOH KOH<:iHKa H3bIKa C aepXHHMH pe3uaMIi,
n.epeHOCHTCfl Ha cnllHJ<Y H3bIKa, Bblrn6alOl1I.YlOCfl K TBeP.ZI.OMY He6y.
n03TOMY BHaqaJIe CJIblWHTCH mJU11Jl, 3aTeM KJlKJl H, HaKOHel.{, HCHoe
KllKaKa.
nOCTeneHHO, no Mepe TOro KaK apTHKYJJHl.{HH 3BYKa Ie CTaHOBHTCH
BCe 60JJee H 60Jlee TOqHOrl, JIorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JJaraeT yqal1l.eMycH npoH3HOCHTb
SBYK K 6e3 MeXaHHqeCKOH nOMOl1l.H (6e3 umaTeJIH) H nepeXO.ZI.HT K
aBTOManl3aUHH npOH3HoweHHH SBYKa " B CJIOroBbIX ynpa>KHeHHflX,
CJJOBaX H npe.ZI.JJO>KeHHHX.
TIocTaHoBKa OCTaJIbHblX 3a.ZI.HeH3blqHblX 3BYKOB (z, x) MO>KeT ocy-
l1I.eCTBJJHTbCH TeM >Ke cnOCoOOM, <:iTO H nOCTaHOBKa 3BYKa ", TOJIbKO 3BYK Z
CTaBHTCH OT 3BYKa 0, 3BYK X - OT 3BYKa c.
AOTOBaHHble rJlaCHble.
fTOTaIlJfeH Ha3bIBaeTCH COqeTaHHe <)JOHeMbI j C fJIaCHbIMH. BCJIe.ZI.-
CTBlie 3TOro COqeTaHHH nOJIyqalOTCH HOTOBaHHble - rJIaCHble, HJIli .ZI.H«p-
TOHrH, KOTopble .ZI.eJ1HTCfl Ha BOCXO.ZI.Hl1I.He H HHCXO.ZI.Hl1I.He.
TIpH BOCXO.ZI.HlI{HX .ZI.H«pTOHfax, KOfJIa j (u) CTOliT nepe.ZI. fJIaCHbIMH,
CHJIa STOfO 3BYKa HapaCTaeT, BOCXO.ZI.HT (Jl, e,lO, e). TIpH HHCXO.ZI.Hl1I.HX
.ZI.H«pTOHfax j (it) 0603HaqaeTCH ii, CTOflLlUlM nOCJIe fJIaCHoro; CHJIa STOro
3BYKa OCJIa6J1, HeTCH HHCX01UlT (aii. oii, yii, eii, aii, blii).
3BYK j (ii) OTHOCI1TCH K fpynne H3bIQHO-Cpe.ZI.He-He6HbIX 3BYKOB.
TIpH npOH3HeCeHI1H 3BYKa j (a) qaCTH apTHKYJIHUlIOHHOro annapaTa
3aHHMalOT CJIeJIYlOl1I.ee nOJlO>KeHlle:
ry6b1 npH6JJH>KeHbl K sy6aM (KaK npH npoH3HeceHHH a);
YfJJbI pTa paCTfIHYTbI, KaK npH npoH3HeceHHH a;
paccToRHHe Mem.ZI.Y BepxHHMH II HH>KHHMH pe3uaMH TaKDe >Ke, KaK
npH npoH3HeceHHH u;
, KOH<:iHK R3b1Ka ynHpaeTcH B HH>KHHe pe3l.{bI CHJIbHee, (leM npH npo-
H3HeceHHH a, cnHHKa H3bIKa nO.ZI.HHMaeTCH Bblwe, qeM npH npoH3Hece-
HHH U, H 06pasyeT co Cpe.ZI.HeH qaCTblO He6a Y3KYlO w.eJJb, KaK npH npo-
H3HeceHHH Xb;
MRfKoe He60 nOJIHHTO;
fOJJOCOBbie CBR3KH COMKHYTbI H BH6pHPYIOT;
HanpR)I{eHHe, C KOTOpbIM npOHCxO.ZI.HT BbJ.ZI.OX, cJJa6ee, qeM npn npo-
H3HeceHHH Xb, HO CHJlbHee, qeM npH npOH3HeCem1H U.
......
121

HeJI,octaTtU! tJpOli3HoIlletIHH H01'OBallHbIX 3BYKOB (aOCXOJI,HliX "
HHCXO.ZI.HHX .ZI.H<jYrOHrOB) 06LI1lHO BblpIDKalOTCH B 3aMeHe 3BYKa a 3BYKOM
./l,b (R - «JIH», eAM - «JIeJIbKa», ceMbfl - «ceMJIH», MOU - «MOJIb», ey-
ARlO - «rYJIHJIIO»).
ApTHKYJIHLUiH 3Byt<a .ltb MO>KeT 6bITb BepXHeH (KOHIlHK H3blKa Haxo-
JI,HTCfI y aepXHIIX aJIbBeOJJ) H Hl1>1CHeH (KOHIlHK fl3bIKa HaXO.ZI.HTCfI Y HH>KHnX
aJibBeoJI).
3TOT HeJI,OCTa1'OK 06bIIlHO BCTpefJaerCfI Y .ZI.ereH npeMOIIIKOJIbHoro'
B03paCTa, pe>Ke Y .ZI.OIll KOJlbHH KOB. Y JI,eTeM IllKOJIbHOro B03paCTa ::not
HeJI,OCTaTOK BCTpellaeTCfl .ZI.OBOJIbHO pe.ZI.KO H OObIIlHO arpIDKaeTCH H Ha
nHCbMe.
l1ocTaHoBKa 3BYKa ii.
npH nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa j (ii) MO>KHO npl1MeHHTb CJle.ZI.YIOIllHH npHeM:
YIlHTblBaH, IlTO 3BYK j(a) napHbIH COrJlaCHbIH 3BYKa Xb, KOTOpbIH CTa-
EHTCH OT 3BYKa c, YllaeMYCfI npeJI,.rlaraIOT .ZI.JIHTeJIbHO npOH3HOCHTb 3BYK
3b, a JIoroneJI, B 3TO BpCMH lllnaTeJIeM HJIH 30H.ZI.OM CJIerKa HIDKHMaeT Ha
nepe.ZI.HHH KpaH fl3bIKa, Bc.neJI,CTBIIe Ilero CJIbIIIIN:rCfI 3BYK a. He06xo.ZI.HMO
npoH3HocHTb 3TOT 3BYK npOTH>KHO II Ebl3BaTb Y YlleHHKa fJeTKOe KHHe.
CTeTHllectme oyeHHe JI,aHHOro 3BYKa.
YTpl1pOBaHHYIO npOTfI>KHOCTb 3BYKa a He06xoJI,HMO C06J11O.ZI.3Tb 11
npl1 nepeXO.ZI.e K aBTOManl3alUIH npOll3HOllleHHfI ero B CJIorax H CJlOBaX
(ua (R), UO (l), uy (10), aaa (aR), olio (oe), yay (ylO)
!J T. .ZI..).
Kor.ZI.a ){B1UKeHlfSl H3blKa 6y.ZI.yr JI,OCTaTO<:iHO aBTOMaTH3lipOBaHbI,
MO>KHO HanpaBHTb YCHJIHH Ha OBJIa.ZI.eHIIe 3BYKOM a HOpM aJIbHOH npo.
TH>KHocrli. 8TO JI,OCTHraeTCH YCKOpeH'HbIM npoH3HeceHHeM pHJI,a H01'OBaH-
HblX 3BYKOB: RRRRRRRRR, eeeeeeeee, 101010101010101010,
HT.Jl..

3BOHKue COrJlaCHble.
K rpynnE! SBQHKHX COrJIaCHbIX O1'HOCHTCH 3BYKH 8, (j, iJ, Z, 3, 3IC.
GHH HMelOT CBOII napHble rJIyxue {/j, n, m,le, C, w.
nOJlOJKeHHe (IaCTeH apTHKYJlHl.{HOHHoro annapaTa npH npoli3Hece-
HIIH Tex HJIH HHbIX napHbIx 3BOHKHX H rJJyxHx OTJIHllaerCa rJJaBHbIM 06pa-
30M Y1J:aCTHeM rO,1lOCOBbIX CBH30K H HanpH>KeHHeM, C KOTOphiM nponCXO.ZI.HT
BblJI,OX.
BpI!: npoli3HeceHlHi 3BOHKliX CorJIaCHblX rOJlOCOBble C13H3KH COMK-
lI}Tbl H BI16pHPYlOT t HanpmKelIHe Bbl.ZI.OXa CJIa6ee; npH npoH3HeceHHH
r,lJyxHx CBH3KH pa30MKHYTbl H HanpH>KellHe BhlJl.OXa £HJJbHee.
128

3BYI<H B H tjJ.
npH npOH3HeCeHI11f 3BYKOB 8 H ifJ <:iaCTH apTIfKYJUUlHOHHOro annapa-
Ta 3aHHMalOT c.ne.l{YIOIlI.e nOJlO>KeHHe:
HH}KHSUI fy6a nO.l{TSIHYTa K KpaHM BepXHI1X pe.9LlOB, 06pa3YH Y3KYIO
Llle.nb .l{JlSI npOxo.l{a Bbl.ZI.blxaeMOro B03.l{yxa;
BepXHRR ry6a c.nerKa nO.ZI.HHTa, Bc.ne.ZI.CTBHe 1Jero BepXHlfe pe3LlbI 00-
Ha>KeHbl;
HH}KHHe pe31.\bI 3aKpblTbl HH>KHeH ry60if;
R3b1K npu H30JmpOBaHHOM np0I13HeCeHHH 3BYKOB 8 H ifJ JIe>KIfT nJIalll-
MH Ha .l{He pTa;
npH aBTOMaTH33.I.\HH npOH3HOllleHUH 3THX 3BYKOB B CJlOfaX H c.nOBax
S13bIK npllHHMaeT «POPMY CJIe.l{YlOllI.ero fJIaCHoro 3BYKa;
MRfKoe He60 nO.l{HHTO H npmKaTO K Sa.l{HeH CTeHKe rJIOTKH;
rOJlOCOBbie CBR3KH npH npOH3HeceHlfH 8 COMKHYTbI If Blf6plfPYlOT,
npn npOlf3HeCeHlII1 fjJ - pa30MKHYTbi (3TO MO>KHO OlIlY'rHTb, ec.nlf npH-
JlOR{\1Tb PYKY I< ropTaHH); HanpH>I(eHUe BblJJ.oxa B03.l{yxa nplf npOH3He-
cemili fjJ CIfJlbHoe, npH np0l13HeCeHlfll' 8 - c.na6oe.
3BYI<H 6 H n.
nplf npoH3HeceHIIH 3BYKOB 6 11 n qaCTIf apTIfKYJIHllHoHHoro annapaTa
3aHHMalOT cJleJJ.YIOLllee no.nomelme:
ry6b1 nplf 1130J111pOBaHHoM npml3HeceHHH 3BYKa f5 COMKHYTbI 6e3 Ha-
>KHMa, TOf.l{a KaI< nplf npoH3HeceHlfH 3BYKa n OHR KpenKo C>KaTbI H Ha-
npSl>KeHbl (cpaBHI1Tb n - f5, n - 6. n - (5), nplf aBTOMaTH3aUlflf npo-
H3HOIlleHlfH 3BYKOB f5 H n B c.nOfax ry6bl npHHHMalOT.n<Nl0>KeHlfe, CBOH-
CTBeHHoe HM npH npoH3HeceHlHl c.ne.ZI.YlOllI.ero rJIaCHoro 3BYKa;
nOJlO)l{eHHe yrJloB pTa, pacCToSlHHe Me>K.l{Y BepxHIfMIf If HIf>KHIfMH 3Y-
6aMIf If nOJlO}KeHl1e H3blKa npH aBTOMaTlf3aLlHl1 npoH3HoIlleHlfH 3BYI<OB
6 If n B CJlorax H CJlOBaX 3aBUCHT OT nOJlO>KeHIlH If X nplf npoH3HecelllfH
c.ne.l{YlOllI.ero f.naCHoro 3BYKa;
rOJlOCOBbJe CBR3KH npH npoH3HeceHlfH f5 COMKHyTbI H BIf6pIfPYIOT,
npH npm13HeceHlfH n - pa30MKHYTbl;
HanpsnKeHHe 8b1JJ.oxa npH npoH3HeceHlfu f5 cJla60e, nplf npoH3Hece.
HIfH n - CHJIbHoe.
5 311K83 238
129

3BYKH iJ H m.
Opll IIpOH3HeCeHHn 3BYKOB 0 n m qaCTH apTHKYJUIIJ.HOHHoro annapaTc:
3aHI1MaIO'I CJIeJlYlOllI.ee nOJIO}KeHHe:
ry6bI, yrJIbI pTa, paCCTOSIHue Me>KJ/,y BepXHUMU 11 HU>KHUMU pe3u.aMI
npHHI1M2IOT nOJIO}l{eHI1e, cBoikTBeHHoe HM npl1 npOH3HeCeHI1H rJIaCHorc
CJI€.ZI.YIOIIWro 3a 3BYKaMI1 0 H m;
KOHqUK S13bIKa 1I0.ZI.HHT K llleMKe BepXHUX pe3lJ.OB, 06pa3YH 3aTBOp,
60JIee pe3KI1H npl1 npOH3HeceHnn m 11 c.'Ja6ee npl1 np0113HeCeHI1!f 0;
60Ka S13bIKa npH}KaTbI K BepXHI1M KopeHIIblM 3yoaM;
MSirKoe He60 nO.ZI.HHTO 11 np\1}l{aTO K 3a.ZI.Hei'1 CTeHKe rJIOTKn;
rOJIOCOBbIe CBSl3KU npl1 npOH3HeceHnH m pa30MKHYTbI, npl1 npml3He'
CeHI1H 0 COMKHYTbl H BHopnpYK1f (npOBepHTb, npI1JIO}KI1B PYKY K ropTa.
HI1);
HanpSl>KeHUe BbI.ZI.bIxaeMoro TOKa npn m ClIJIbHOe, npH 0 -cJIa60e,
He.ZI.OCTaTK11 np0l13HOllleHI1H 3BOHKI1X cor JIaCHblX Bblpa>KaK1fCH B 3a.
MeHe I1X rJIYXIIMI1 napHblMlI COrJIaCHbIMI1.
3TOT He.ZI.OCTaTOK 06blqHO pacnpOCTpaH51eTCH Ha Bce llleCTb 3BOHKI11!
3BYKOB (6, f5, 0, Z, 3, :JfC) 11 OTpa}KaeTCH Ha nHCbMe LUKOJIbHHKOB.
3aMeHCJ LUeCTI1 rJIyxlIx COrJIaCHbIX (tjj, n, m, K, C, w) I1X napHblME
3BOHKHMlI BCTpe1JaeTCH pe>Ke.
nOCTaHOBKa 3BOHKHX COrJIaCHbIX.
Opl1 HCnpaBJIeHI111 He.ZI.oCTaTKa np0l13HOLUeHHH 3BOHKI1X COrJIaCHbIJ!
IIe06xo.n.HMo oc06oe BHI1MaHl1e y.n.eJIHTb HCnOJIb30BaHl11O CJIyxa, 3peHI1H E
ocmaHlI51, a TaK}l{e .ZI.11<}JcpepeHIJ.l1aIJ.l111 3BOHKI1X 11 rJIyxl1x 3BYKOB B YCTHOi1
l! nl1CbMeH HaM <}JopMe.
3TY paGOTY CJIe.ZI.YeT HaqHHaTb C rpynn llI.eJIeBbIX 3I\YKOB (6,3, 3IC)J
TaK KaK OHI1 MorYT np0l13HOCI1TbCH .ZI.JII1H'JIbHO H CHJIbHO, Tor.ZI.a KaK npE
CMblqHblX (f5, 0, z) roJIOC 3ByqHT JIJ1lllb MrnOBeHHO 11 cJIa60.
Opl! nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa 6 MO}KHO npllMeHHTb CJle.ZI.YlOllI.He npHeMbI:
I) r.peJI/lO>KI1Tb yqeHI1Ky npOH3HOCI1Tb 3BYK tjj, a 3aTeM BKJIlOq11T1:
roJIOC (BKJJlOqeHl1e roJIoca OH MO}KeT OCH3aTb, npl1JIOml1B PYKY K ropTaHn);
2) JIorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JIaraeT yqeHHKY npoH3HoC11Tb 3BYK y 11 B "TOT MO'
MeHT naJJbIJ.eM I1JIlI LUnaTeJIeM nO.ZI.HHMaeT Hl1mHlOlO ry6y K BepXHlfM pe3-
LlaM. B pe3YJlbTaTe "TOro 3BYQHT QUCTOe 6.
Opn nOCTanOBKe 3BYKa f5 MO}I{HO npl1MeHI1Tb CJIeJlYI0lll.I1e npHcMbI:
1) npe.ZI.J10}KIHI> YlleHHKY npOl!3HOClfTb 3BYK n H B 3T0 BpeMH BKJIIO-
1J11Tb rOJIOC (BKJIlOlleHl1e rOJIoca OH MO}KeT OCH3aTb cBoeM PYKoii, npHJIO'
}l{eHHOM K ropTaHn);
130

2) npe.ll:JlO>KHTb yqeHHKY .lI:JlI1TeJlbHO np0l13HOCI1Tb ry6H 0-ry6HoH
6 1-1, rOpl130HTaJlbHO npHJlO>KlIB YKa3aTeJJbHblH naJleu K ero HH>KHeH ry6e,
nerKI1M, 6blCTpblM .ZI.Bl1meHl1eM np0I13BO.ZI.HTb Kone6aHI1H Hl1mHeH ry6bI
BBepx H EHH3. B pe3ynbTaTe ::noro npOI1CXO,D}IT CMblqKa H pa3MblqKa ry6 -
OCHOBa npOH3HOWeHI1H 3BYKa f5.
BHaqane 3TI1 .n:BI1}HeHI1H npOH3BO.ZI.HTCH CaMI1M JIorone.ZI.OM, 3aTeM
yqalll.HMCH; TeMn KOJIe6aHI1H nOCTeneHlIO 3aMe)J.JIfieTCH, H nOJIyqaeMblil
3BYK f5 CBH3bIBaeTCH C rJIaCHblMH 11 ero npOH3HoweHHe aBTOMaTII311pYeTCH
B C10rax, BHaqaJIe C MeXaHnqeCKOH nOMOlll.blO, 3aTeM 6e3 Hee.
npl1 nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa 0 MOLHHO HCnOJIb30BaTb CJIe.n:YlOllI.He npHeMbI:
1) npe.ll:JlOml1Tb yqeHI1KY npoH3HoCHTb 3BYK m H B 3TO BpeMH BKJIIO-
ql1Tb rOJIOC (BKJIlOqeHHe rOJIoca OH MomeT OCfl3aTb, npl1JIOLHI1B PYKY K rap-
TaHI1);
2) npe.ZI.JIOLHHTb yqeHHKY npoH3HoCHTb CJIom f5af5af5af5a, a 3a-
TeM - oaoaoaoa - f5af5aoaoaoaoa HJIH nooqepe.ZI.Ho oaoaf5a-
oaoaoa - oaf5aoaf5aoaf5a H T. .n:,;'
3) npe.ZI..1JomHTb yqeHHKY, npoH3HoCH CJIom f5af5aoa..., npocyHYTb
H3blK MeM.ZI.Y ry6aMI1 (KoHTponb oCYllI.eCTBJIflTb qep€3 3epKaJIo). Kor.n:a
3BYK 0 6Y.ZI.eT 3ByqaTb .ZI.OCTaTOqHO qeTKO npH .n:aHHOM, Mem3y6HoM nOJIO-
meHHH, JIorone.ZI. naJIbIJ.aMH OTO.ZI.BHraeT ry6bl yqeHHKa BBepx 11 BHI13, 06-
HaMaH TaKI1M o6pa30M pe3UbI. B pe3YJIbTaTe 3Toro H3bIK apTllKYJIHpyeT
Mem3y6Ho 11 CJJbIWI1TCH qeTKOe MeM3y6Hoe O. nOCTeneHHo B ynpaLl{He-
HI1HX no aBTOMaTI13aUl1H npoH3HorneHIIH 3BYKa 0 B CJIorax 11 CJIOBaX
JIorone.n: nepeBo.n:I1T apTI1KYJIflIJ.I1IO KOHqHKa H3blKa I< BepxHHM aJIbBeOJIaM.
Bce ynpa}!<'HeHHH no aBTOMaTI13aUl111 npoH3HOWeHI1H 3BYI<a 0 B CJIO-
rax, CJIOBaX H npe.ZI.JIoLKeHHflx, a TaI<Me ynpaMHeHIIfI Ha .n: HC lxpepeHUHa-
UI1IO 3BYI<OB 0 H m .ZI.On>KHbI npoH3Bo.n:UTbCH B YCTHOH 11 mlcbMeHHoii 4>0pMe.
CMSlPleHHe COfJIaCHblX 3BYKOB.
DOJIbllIl1HCTBO TBep.n:bIx COrJIaCHbIX I1MeeT MHrI<He napbI. HCKJIlOqH-
TeJJbHO TBep.ZI.bIMI1 HBJIHIOTCfI 3BYI<11 Ul,:JfC, 14; I1CKJIlOql1TeJJbHO MHrI<H-
MH - It, W. 11 j (HOT).
npH np0l13HeCeHHlI CMHrqeHHbIX cormicHblx BeCb H3bII< HanpHmeH
H 60nee npl16JII1meH I< He6y, qeM npl1 np0113HeCeHI1I1 COOTBeTCTBYlOllI.HX
TBep.ZI.bIX COrJIaCHbIX.
npl1 np0l13HeCeHHI1 TBep.ZI.bIX m, 0, fl H CMflrqeHHbIX mb, Ob, ,."b
apTI1I<YJIflUHH BH.ZI.OH3MeHHeTCfI. npl1 npoU3HeCeHI1I1 mb, Ob, flb I<OHqHK
H3bII<a He nO.ZI.HfIT K aJIbBeOJIaM, I<aK npH m, iJ, fl, a onYllI.eH II I<penI<O
ynnpaeTCfI B HI1L1{HHe P€3UbI. nepe.ZI.HflH me qaCTb CnI1HI<11 i3bIKa ClIIbII<aeT-
CH C BepXHI1MH pe3UaMIi.
5*
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CMHrtIeHHbIe COrJlaCHble no CTeneHB JlerKOCTI1 HX npOH3HeCeHtfH H
.ZI.OCTynHocTH naOJIIO.ZI.eHHH 3a lIX apTHKYJlHUH€M MorYT OblTb pacnO.'10meHbl
B CJle.llYIOll1.eM nOpH.ZI.Ke: mb, Ob, Hb, tjjb, 6b, nb, 6b, .Mb, Cb, 3b, pb, .ltb.
He.ZI.OCTaTKlI np0l13HOllJeHHH CMHrtIeHHblX COrJIaCHbIX.
npH OTCYTCTBI1H CMHPleHHH COrJIaCHblX Bce 3BYKH npOH3HOCHTCH
TBep.ZI.O, HanpHMep: nflmb - «naT», MJlIi - «MatI», Mea - «MO.ZI.», 6e-
pcsa - «oep03a» 11 T. n.
3TOT ne.ZI.OCTaTOK B OOJIbI.lIHHCTBe CJIytIaeB OTpa>KaeTCH H Ha nl1CbMe
llJKOJIbHI1KOB, n03TOMY oc06oe BHI1MaHlie Ha.ZI.O Y.ZI.eJIHTb ynpa>KHeHI1HM
H8 .ZI.l1qxpepeHUlIaUHlO TBep.ZI.?IX 11 MHrKI1X COrJIaCHblX B YCTHOH H nl1CbMeH-
HOH <lJopMe.
-nOCTaHOBKa CMSlflleHHblX COfJlaCHbIX.
np" nOCTaHOBKe CMHrtIeHHblX COrJIaCHblX peKOMeH.ZI.YeTCH (KaK YLI{e
OblJlO YKa3aHO) ytIl1TblBaTb CTeneHb JIerKOCTI1 11X-- npOli3HeCeHlIH 11 .ZI.OCTyn-
HOCTb HaOJIIO.ZI.eHI1H 3a IlX apTI1KYJIHUHeM. Ha<:iI1HaTb CJIe.ZI.yeT C nOCTaHOBKI1
3BYKOB mb, Ob, Hb.
J],JIH nOCTaHOBKH CMHrtIeHllblX COrJIaCHblX MorYT OblTb npl1MeHeHbI
CJIe.ZI.YlOl1I.lIe npl1eMbI:
1) CH.ZI.H C YtIeHI1KOM nepe.ZI. 3epKaJIOM, npoBo.ZI.I1Tb ynpamHeHIfH no
rHMHaCTliKe H3b1Ka. J1orone.ZI. npe.ZI.JIaraeT ytIemlKY npB OTKpblTOM pTe
YKpenl1Tb KOHtIliK H3blKa y mmml1x pe3uoB H npoH3BO.ZI.I1Tb CJIe.ZI.YlOl1I.l1e
.ZI.BHmeHHH: TO KpYTO BblmoaTb cnl1HKY H3blKa .ZI.O npHKOCHOBeHHH C He-
OOM, TO onYCKaTb BeCb H3blK Ha .ZI.HO pTa. nOCJIe pH.ZI.a TaKHX ynpa)KHe-
HHM YtIeHHKY npe.ZI.JlaraCTCH np0l13HOCI1Tb Iipl1 BblrHYTOM H3blKe mb,
mb, amb, amll, am Il. 3aTel'li TaKlie >Ke ynpaLlmeHl1fl ytIeHHK npO.ZI.eJIbl-
BaeT, npOI1SHOCH SBYK Ob (TOJIbKO B OTKpblTOM CJIore) 11 3BYK Hb B COtIe-
TaHBH C Ka>K.ZI.bIM li3 rJIaCHblX 0, If, ll, e, Jl, e, 10;
2} Jlorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JIaraeT Y4al1l.eMYCH BHHMaTeJlbHO npnCJlYllJaTbCH
K 3ByqaUHIO CMHrtIeUHblX COfJlaCHblX (3BYK KaK Obi «CKOJlb3BT»), Kor.ZI.a
OHI1 npOll3HOCHTCH B KOHue cJlora (atjjb, amb, aHb), Ii rJlaCHblX, Kor.ZI.a
OHH CJle.ZI.YIOT sa CMHrtIeHHblMI1 COrJlaCHblMI1 B OTKpblTOM CJIore (tjjba -
tjjll, mba - mil, Hba - nil II T. .ZI..);
3) Jlorone.ZI. npellJIaraeT YQal1l.eMycH npOH3HOCl1Tb cJlor ma-ma-ma,
npl1.ZI.epLl{HBaH B 31'0 BpeMH KOHtIl1K H3blKa Y HI1L1{HHX Pe3UOB npl1 nOMOl1l.11
runaTeJlfl HJlI1 30H.ZI.a. npH TaKOM nOJlO>KeHHH H3blKa BMeCTO ma CJIblllJl1TCfl
mil, BMeCTO oa - Oil, BMecTO 'Ita - HIl.
TaKoe nOJIO>KeIlHe H3blKa Heooxo.ZI.lIMO OCHOBaTeJIbHO 3aKpenHTb
nYTeM SpHTeJIbHOfO, KI1HeCTeTlIQeCKoro H CJlYXOBOro KOHTpOJIfl 11 nepeM-
TH K ynpaLlmeHI1HM, HanpaBJIeHHblM Ha aBTOMaTI13aUl11O npOH3HOllJeHI1fl
CMHrQeHHblX COfJlaCHblX B CJIorax, CJIOBaX 11 npe.ZI.JIO>KeHI1HX.
132

Bce ynpa}KHeHHH no aBTOMaTH3au I1H npOH3HOllleHHH CMnr1IeHHblX
COrJlaCHbIX B CJlorax, CJJOBax H npe!J.JlO}KeHIUlX, a TalOKe ynpa>KHeHHfI
Ha .ZI.H<fxPepeHuHaUHlO TBep.ZI.blX H MHrKI1X COrJlaCHblX .ZI.OJI}KHbI npOBO.ZI.HTbCn
He TOJlbKO B YCTHOH, HO H nHCbMeHHOH <}JopMe.
3BYK bt.
npH npOH3HE'CeHI1H SBYKa bl lIaCTH apTHKYJlHUI10HHoro annapaTa
saHHMalOT CJJe.ZI.YIOw.ee nOJlO}KeHHe:
ryfibl He HanpH}KeHbl;
paCCTORHHe MeHOJ.Y BepXHHMH H HH)f{HHMH pe3u.aMH HeCKOJlbKO timpe,
lIeM npH npoH3HeceHHH 3BYKa U, H Y}l{e, IleM npH gpoll3HeceHI1M 3BYKa 8;
HH)KHRR lfeJIlOCTb He BbI.ZI.BHHYTa Bnepe.l{;
KOHIfHK R3b1Ka OTTHHYT OT HH>KHHX pe3UOB, KaK npH npOH3HeCeHI111 0;
cnHHKa R3blKa B CBoeH Cpe.ZI.HeH tIaCTH BblCOKO nO.ZI.HHTa K Cepe,LUiRe
TBep.noro He6a;
MHrKoe Hefio nO.ZI.HHTO H npmKaTo K 3a.nHeH CTeHKe rJlOTKH;
ronOCOBble CBH3KH COKHYTbI H BM6pl1pYIOT;
BblAblxaeMblH B03.ZI.YX HanpaBJlHeTCH Ilepe3 pOT, HanpH}KeHHe BbI.ZI.oXa
TaKoe >Ke, KaK H npH npoH3HeceHHIf Bcex rJlaCHbIX.
He.ZI.OCTaTKI1 npOH3HOlllemm 3BYKa bl 06bIIlHO Bblpa}KalOTCH B 3aMeHe
3BYKa bl 3BYKO U, liTO MO>KeT OTpa>KaTbCH 11 Ha nl1CbMe lIIKOJIbHI1KOB.
npH nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa bl Jlorone.ZI. npe)I.JIraeT yqeHMKY npOll3l1OClfTb
3BYK U MJlH CJJOrH nu, 6U, .MU H B MOMeHT HX npOH3HeceHHH CJlerKa Ha-
>KIIMaeT lIInaTeJJeM HJIIf 30H.ZI.OM Ha nepe.ZI.HIOIO <:iaCTb fl3bIKa. B pe3YJlbTaTe
CJIbIlllHTCH 3BYK bl HJlH CJJorH nbl, 6bl, .Mbl.
He06xO.ZI.HMO HCnOJIb30BaTb npH nOCTaHOBKe 3BYKa bl 3pHTeJJbHblH,
KlfHeCTeTHlIecKHH M CJJYXOBOH KOHTpOJIb yqaIIl.erocSi JI oc06oe BHHMaHHe
Y.ZI.eJUlTb ynpa}KHeHHHM Ha .ZI.lfqxjJepeHUHaUHIO 3BYKa bl If 3BYKa U B YCT-
HOH If nHCbMeHHOH <}JopMe.
CMeweHHe COfJlaCHbiX 3BYKOB. .
JJ:aHHbIH He.ZI.OCTaToK Bblpa}KaeTCH B TOM, tITO B M30JlHpOB3HHOM BHJI.e
yqam.lfHCH MO>KeT npaBHJIbHO np0l13HOCIlTb COrJlaCHble 3BYKH, HO CMelllH-
BaTb HX npH npoH3HeceHHH CJJOB, a TaK>Ke H npH mlCbMe.
EbiBaJOT CJle.ZI.YlOlllHe BI1J1.bI CMellleHI1SJ: CMellleHHe lllHnHIII.HX H CBHC-
THIllI1X 3BYKOB (c06axa - «1ll06aKa», tuy6a - «cy6a», 3OHmU1C - «>KOH-
TI1K», HO:JfCUK - «H03HK», t.t6efTlbl - «IlBeTbI», ()t{)(U - «OUKH»);
CMellleHHe SBOHKHX H rJIYXHX COrJlaCHblX (6YMa2a - «n:yMaKa»,
6a6o'tKa - «nanOqKa», OOM - «TOM», mempaOb - «.ZI.e.ZI.paAb», eOJly6u-
133

«KOJJy611», TambRf/a - «l1aTbS!Ha» H T. n.), CMerneHHe 3BYKOB p 11 .It. (.110-
nama - «ponaTa», PYK - «JIYK», 6a/lepwta - «6apeJJHHa»).
3TOT He.ZI.OII€T flBJIS!eTCS! CJIe.ZI.CTBHeM HeJJ.OCTaTOIIHO pa3BHToro OHe-
MaTI11IeCKoro CJIyxa. B 60JJbrnHHCTBe CJIyqaeB 11M CTpa.ZI.2IOT JJ.eTH C ocJIa6-
JIeHHbIM CJlyXOBbIM BHHMaHHeM, TyroYXHe 11 YMCTBeHHO OTCTaJIble.
Cnoco6bl YCTpaHeHHSI CMellJeHHSI 3BYI<OB.
npe>K.ZI. e Bcero CJIe.ZI.YeT BocnHTbIBaTb Y YIlalllerocH IleTKoe np e 1I.CTaB-
JIeHl1e 0 Tex 3BYKax, Ko'ropble OH CMernHBaeT. C !'nOH UeJJblO Ha.ZI.O HCnOJIb-
30BaTb ero 3pHTeJJbHbIH H CJlYXOBOH aHaJIli3aTOpb!, a TaK>Ke OCH3aHHe
(npH .ZI.H<i'epeHUl1aUI1H 3BOHKHX H rJIYXHX 3BYKOB) H pa3BHTb Y YIlalllerOCH
KHHeCTeTHIJeCKOe OlII,YllleHl1e Ka>KJI.OrO 3BYKa. 3aTeM He06xo.ZI.I1MO, IlT06bI
YIleHHKH BbmOJIHHJIH ynpaLlmeHIU1 Ha .ZI.H4$epeHuHaUHIO CMernl1BaeMbIX
3BYKOB He TOJIbKO B YCTHOH, HO H B nHCbMeHHOH opMe. TaK, HanpHMep,
npH CMerneHHH 3BYKOB p H .It, nOCJIe aHaJII13a 9TI1X 3BYKOB B H30JIHpOBaH-
HOM BH.ZI.e, CJJe.ZI.YeT npe.ZI.JlO>KHTb YIJallleMYCS! ynpa>KHeHHH Ha .ZI.H<}xPepeH-
UHaUHIO 91'HX 3BYKOB CHaIlaJIa B CJJorax (nanpHMep: pa - .Ita, po - .It 0 ,
PY-.lty,pbl-.ltbl, PU-.ltU, pe-.lte ;pa.lt, pO.lt,PY.It,pbl.lt,
PU.It, pe.lt,' .ltap,..ltOp, .ltyp, .ltblp, .ltUp, .ltep), 3aTeM B CJJOBax H
pa3ax.
D.06HBIllHcb TOIlHOCTH B npOH3HeCeHll11 napHbIX CJIOrOB H 3BYKOB .It
H P B O.ZI.HOM CJJore, CJIe.ZI.YeT BKJIIOIlI1Tb 3TOT CJIor (HanpHMep, pe.lt) B CO-
craB .ZI.pyrux CJIOroB OTpa6aTbIBaeMoro CJIOBa (HanpI1Mep: ma-pe/lKa).
DOCpe.ZI.CTBOM TaKoro aHaJIH3a nopS!.ZI.OK CJJorOB JIerIle 11 npOIlHee 3aneIlaT-
JIeBaeTCH B CJIYXOBOH, 3pHTeJJbHOH H KHHeCTeTI1IlecKoH naMHTH YIlalll,erocH,
a B .ZI.aJIbHeHllJeM 6Y.ZI.eT npaBI1JIbHO OT06pa>KaTbCH H B nHCbMe.
B JIorone.ZI.l1lleCKI1X 3aHS!TI1S!X .ZI.OJI>KHbI HCnOJlb30BaTbCS! HarJIfI.ZI.HbIe
noc06HfI, Hanpl1Mep: pa3peaHaH a36YKa, TaOJII1UbI CJJorOBbIX ynpa>KHeHHH
C BblJI.eJIeHHbIMH B HHX pa3HOUBeTHOH KpaCKOH napHblMI1 cor JIaCHblMI1 H
Ta6JII11lKH CJIOB C nponYllleHHblMI1 napHbIMH 6YKBaMH. YllalllHecn .ZI.OJI>KHbI
C aMH BCTaBJlHTb HY>KHble 6YKBbl. EJIarO.ZI.apH TlllaTeJJbHOH 6YKBeHHOH H CJlO-
rOBOH npopa6OTKe Ka>KJJ.oro CJIOBa YIlalllHeCH JIerIle H 6bICTpee YCBaHBalOT
pa3JIHIJHe Me>K.ZI.Y napHblMI1 COrJIaCHbIMH.
JIorOne.ZI.H<:iecKoe 3aHHTHe, nOCBHllleHHoe YCTpaHeHHIO CMerneHlUI 3BY-
KOB .It H p, npOBO.ZI.I1TCfI npHMepHO TaK:
1. JIorone.ZI. 06"bflCHfieT YllallleMYCH UeJJb 3aHHTI1H H nl1IlleT Ha JJ,OCKe
CJIorn H CJIOBa, BKJIlOllalOllI,He 3BYKH .It Ii p, Hanpl1Mep:
a - pa BJI - ap aJIa - apa JIaJI - pap
JIO - po OJ] - op OJlO - opo JIOJI - pop
JIY - PY YJI - YP YJIY - YPY JIYJI - PYP H T. .ZI..-
134

co BCeMH rJIaCHbIMIi:
JIana paMa MblJi 0 KopOBa nOJI lllap
JIOllla.ZI.b pQ}l{b MOJIOKO KapaH.ZI.alll neHaJi lllo<}:>ep
JIYHa pbl6a MOJIOTOK napOB03 CTOJI no:map
JIbI:mH pYKa $nar KapMaH ,BOK3aJI nHOHep
2. Yqam.eMycH npeJI,JIaraeTCH npoql1TaTb HanlicaHHoe CHaqaJIa no
BepTliKaJIH, 3aTeM no ropH30HTaJII1.
3. JIoroneJI, .ZI.ae-r yqam.eMycH Ta6JIHqKI1 co CJIOBaMIi, B KOTOpblX npo-
nym.eHbl 6YKBbI p I1JII1 .It, Ii npe.ZI.JIaraeT eMY Ha3BaTb nponyrn.eHHYIO
6YKBY, a 3aTeM 3amicaTb .ZI.aHHble CJIOBa Ha .nOCKe IfJII1 B TeTpa.ZI.H. Hanpli-
Mep: np(J/3u/lo, npoeyAKa, OICYPHGA, mapeAKa, 6epADea H .ZI.p.
4. JIorone.ZI. nHllleT Ha .ZI.OCKe npeJI,JlO}l{eHl1e, HanpHMep: «Kopa6J11i
BbllllJJI1 B Mope» - If npe.ZI.JIaraeT yqam.eMYCH BbIJI,eJlI1Tb CJIOBa, BKJIlOqalO-
m.lie 3BYKI1 .It H p, 3aTeM Ka:m.ZI.oe H3 3HIX CJIOB pa3.ZI.emlTb Ha CJIOrH H YKa-
3aTb, Ha KaKOM Mecre B CJIOBe CTOI1T 3BYK .It HJII1 p.
5. nOcJIe aHaJIH3a CJIOB yqam,liikH 3amlCblBaeT .ZI.aHHoe npe.ZI.Jlo:me-
HHe Ha .ZI.OCKe I1JIH B TeTpa.ZI.li. (TaKI1M 06pa30M pa36HpalOTcH Ii .ZI.pyme
npe.ZI.JIO}l{eHI1H, BKJIlOqalOm.He 3BYKI1 p Ii .It, HanpHMep: «TapeJIKa ynaJia
11 pa36liJIacb», «Ha oepery CI1.ZI.eJI PbI60JI0B» 11 T. n.)
6. JI orone.ZI. npe.ZI.JlaraeT _ yqam.eMycH B HanHcaHHOM Ha .ZI.OCKe Ii B
TeTpa.ZI.1i nO.ZI.qpKHYTb 6YKBY P .ZI.BYMH qepTaMIi, a OYKBY .It - O.ZI.HOM
qepToM.
7. 3aTeM JIorone.ZI. npe.ZI.JIaraeT yqam.eMycH npH.ZI.YMaTb CHaqaJJa CJI0Ba
co 3BYKaMH p 11 .It, a 3aTeM npe.ZI.JIo:meHl1H 11 3anHcaTb HX.
ABTOMATH3ALUHI npOH3HOWEHH}1 3BYKOB
1<, Z, X.
YnpaJKHeHUSI ,lJ.JISI aBTOMaTu3all,Hu npOH3HomeHHSI 3BYKa K.
3a,lJ.aHue.
npOql1TaTb CJIOrH Ii CJlOBa, npoH3HocH qeTKO 3BYK K, H cnHcaTb HX.
Ka Ka Ka - Kama aK aK aK - MaK
KO KO KO - KOJUI OK OK OK - COK
KH KH KH - KHHO YK YK YK - JIYK
Ke Ke Ke - Kerna HK HK UK - qai1HHK
Kacca KOM KypbI
KaJIaq Ko<tJe KYCOK
135

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KaKao KOCbl KYJlaK
KaHaBa KOHH Ky60K
KapMaH K03bl KYKJIa
KHT KHCKa KeTa
KHHO KHCeJl b Ke.np
KlIJIO KHmKaJl KeKC
3a.naHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHconaHHble npe.ZI.MeTbI 11 3a nHcaTb HX Ha3BaHI1H.
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L

1 ;.;
-.\ (
-
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136

.........
3aJJ.aHHe.
TIpO<:iHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHfI.
Ba6yuIKa nI1JI8 Kocpe. KHCeJlb H3 KJlIOKBbI KHCJlbIiL Ha
KJlYM6e poc M8K. KaTe KynHJlH KOHbKH. KomI KynHJI aKBa-
PUYM. B KOJlOHHOM 3aJle KpaCHBa.H e.nKa. HaqaJlHCb lIIKOJlb-
HbIe KaHlIKYJlbl. KOCT.H 3anHCaJlC.H B KJly6 KHHOJlI06uTeJleii.
3a,lJ.aHue.
D.aTb nOJIHbIe OTBeTbI Ha BonpOCbI yCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
KTO nob B KJleTKe?
J1.JI.H KOro .D,eJIalOT CKBOpeqHHK?
. KTO ynp8BJ1HeT Kopa6J1eM?
C JI 0 B a ..D, JI.H C n p a B 0 K: nmU'lKa, KanumaH, CK60p-
l{08.
3a.n.aHHe.
npOIIHTaTb nOCJIOBHUbI. 3ara.ZI.KI1 H CKOpOroBOpKH,
BblYIIHTb nQCJIOBHUbl. 3ara.ZI.KI1 H CKoporOBopKH HamYCTb H 3anHcaTb no
naMfiTH.
nOCJIOBI1IJ.bI.
KOCH, Koca, nOKa poca.
BOJlKa Ha co6aK B nOMOmb He 30BH.
KOMY nHpmKKH .l\a nbllIIKH, a KOMY CHH.HKH .D,a WHWKH.
137

3 A r A JJ. K H.

MaJIb1J.HK C naJIb1J.HK, rnanKa KpaCHaSI.
( n OaOCuHoeuK.)
l(OMHK Ma.neHbKHH, a }KH.nbIJ;OB no.nHO.
(l(opo6Ka co cnwiKaMu.)
KpameHoe KOpOMbIC.nO Ha.n peKoH nOBHC.no.
( Paayca.)
PbI}KeHbKHH, Ma.neHblmH 3BepeK no .D,epeBbSlM CKOK-
nOCKOK.
( E e/lKa.)
C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K H.
KynH KHny nHlL
OKOJlO Ko.na Ko.nOl\O.na.
Harna peKa mHpOKa, KaK OKa.
K.na.na K.naBa .nYK Ha nOJlKYt
KJlHKHy.na K ce6e HHKO.nKY.
YnpaJlmeUUH ,lJ.JIH aBTOMaTu3au.uu npou3HoweHuH 3BYKa z.
.
3a.n.aHue.
npOQI1Tan CJIom II CJIOBa, npOH3HOCH Qfu'KO 3BYK Z, 11 Cnl1CaTb I1X.
ra - ra - ra - ramI
ry - ry - ry - rYCH
rH - rH - rH - rHpH
ra3
rapa}K
ra30H
raMaK
ra3eTa
ro.D,
ro.n
rOCTb
ropO.D,
ropKa
ry.n
rYCb
r.y6bI
ry6Ka
rY.ll.OK
..
138

3a.naHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHCOBaHHble npe.ZI.MeTbl If 3anl1CaTb I1X Ha3saHHH.
--
.
---=-.-

.,.ror"
----
 - :.
 . ,..::
.."W ___ ..V.
:1'0....--- ..:.;::"
I.,': ... , .=
-;.:::  - -  ..:;:
"' ,;..:-JIi!"  . ":.'..
. ..."",. ('U . ,
tJ ... .,...\1-
..--    ",..;.....'.:,'...,
?. W: .x.;'..!.- .
 .''...\,;'.."
.') .. : "':. .
.. ;.; 'j' ,.. \
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. . ........-.... -'-". .........'lj,..4. .
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139

3a,lJ.aHHe.
;, np01JIIT8Tb II CIIHCaTb npe.ZI.JI02KeHHSI.
B JIecy paCTYT rpH6bI. Y K03bI pora. B oropo.z:te paCTYT
OBOrnH. JIeHHHrpa.z:t - ropo.z:t-repoii. fanH 3ara.z:tana pe6HTaM
3ara,lJ.KY. .lJ.opory nOCbmaJIH raJIbKoii. Ha 3aBO.z:te 3ary.z:t e J1
ry.z:tOK. B ropo.z:te pa3BeIIlaHbI <pJIarH. B AHTapKTH,lJ.e >KHBYT
nHHrBHHbI. fpalIH CBHJIH rHe3.z:ta Ha TOnOJIe. Ha 6epery
BOJIrH nOCTpOHJIH nHOHepCKHH JIarepb. Ha Ypane Haxo-
J{HTCH rpaHHTHble ropbI.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
1I.aTb IIOJIHble OTBeTbl H::J BonpOCbI yCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
KTO rorolIeT?
KTO BopKyeT?
f,lJ.e paCTYT OBornH?
KaKoii ropo.z:t-repoii CTOHT Ha BOJIre?
Kalwii ropo.z:t-repoii HaXO,!l;HTCH Ha HeBe?
C JI 0 B a .z:t JI H C n p a B 0 K: eycb t eOAy6b; fla oeopoiJe;
J/eflUflepaiJ, BOAeoepaiJ.
..
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOtfHTaTb nOCJIOBIIUbl, 3ara.ZI.KH, rnYTKII H cKoporoBopKH.
BblyqHTb nOCJIOBHUbI, 3ara.ZI.KH, rnYTKH H cKoporoBopKH HaH3ycTb H 33-
nHcaTb HX no n8MHTH.
n 0 C JI 0 B H  bl.
MHoro CHera - MHoro xJIe6a.
YroJIb Ca>KH He 6eJIeii.
B3HBIIlHCb 3a rym, He roBOpH, lITO He ,lJ.1O>K.
3a rpHBY He y.z:tep>KaJICH, 3a XBOCT He Y.Aep>KHIIlbCH.
f,lJ.e rycTO, r.z:te nYCTO, r.z:te HeT p.H4ero.
140 "'. H

3 A f A 11. K H.
C rpY30M H.D.YT, 6e3 rpY3a OCTaHaBJIHBaIOTC5I.
(lJacbl c zapRlftu.)
Be3 roJIOBbI, a B IllJIHne; O.D.Ha Hora, H Ta 6e3 canora.
( rB030b.)
nepbH eCTb, .D.a He JIeTaeT; HOf. HeT, a He .D.OroHHIllb.
( Pbl6a.)
C K 0 P 0 fOB 0 P K H.
.
rOBOpHJIa HM ropHJIJIa, npHroBapHBaJIa,
roBopHJIa, roBopHJIa, npHroBapHBaJIa.
faJIKa ceJIa Ha 3a6op,
rpall 3aBeJI CHell pa3rOBOp.
Ynpa.>KHeHHH ,lJ.JIH aBTOMaTH3au.HH npOH3HomeHHSI 3BYKa X.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
rIpOGHTaTb cJlom Ii CJlOBa, npOH3HOCH 1IeTKO 3BYK x, H cnHcaTb HX.
xa xa xa - xaTa ax ax ax - wax
xo xo XO - XOJIM ox ox ox - IllOX
xy xy xy - xY.D.O yx YX yx - neTYX
XH XH XH - XHHa HX HX HX - nHXTa
XO,lJ. XY.D. O XaJIBa XOJIM
XHMHH XaJIaT xypMa XHTpbIll
..
yxa yxo Myxa cyxo
CMex B03,lJ.YX opex naCTYX
XBOH xpeH XJIonbH 6YXTa
XBOCT XpYCT XJIonYlliKa nHXTa
141

,
3a,lJ.aHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHCOBaHHble npe.ZI.MeTbI H 3anHCaTb HX Ha3BaHHH.
,
"
1.
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142
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npO'lHTaTb Ii CnilCaTb npe]l.JlO>KeHHfr.
Ha rpH.D.Kax celOT ropox. B 6YXTY BOllleJI napOXO.D.. TIO.D.
HoraMH xpYCTeJI XBOpOCT. UIaXTepbI cnYCTHJI HCb B II1aXTY.
XHTpblii xopeK nOXHTHJI neTyxa. B xpeCTOM8THH MHoro
XOpOIIlHX CTHXOB. lllKOJIbHHKH JIeTOM 6bIJIH B nOXO.l(ax,
OT.D.OXHYJIH B JIarepHX H caHaTopHHX.
3a.zr.aHHe.
1I.aTb nOJlHbie OTBeTbI Ha BonpOCbl YCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
KTO noeT KY-Ka-peKY?
KTO naceT KOpOB?
4eM nOKpbITa KOMa II.brnmn?
4TO KJIa.D.YT B qaii?
KaKHe JIeca paCTYT Ha ceBepe?
4eM HOCHT CJIOH THMeCTH?
C JI 0 B a .D. JI H C n p a B 0 K: nemyx, nacmyx, nyxOM,
caxap, xo6omoM, XBOUflble.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOtJHTaTb nOCJIOBI1Ubl, 3ara]l.KH H CKOporoBOpKH.
BbIY'IHTb nOCJIOBHUbl, 3ara.ZI.KH H CKoporOBOpKI1 HaH3YCTb H 3anHcaTb HX
no naMHTH.
TI 0 C JI 0 B 11 11. bI .
Y CTpaX8 rJIa3a BeJIHKH.
l{e.ny BpeMH, a nOTexe Lfac.
PaGoTaii .l(O nOTY - noelllb C oXOToii.
XopOlllee MeJIe30 He pMaBeeT.
XopoIIlHii LfeJIOBeK He 3a6bIBaeTCH.
XOpOIIl eplll B yxe, a JIeru. B nHpore.
XOPOIIlYIO pe% XOpOIIlO H CJIYIIIaTb.
143

3 A r A 11. K 11.
CeMbCOT BOpOT - O)UIH BbIXOA.
nOJIOH XJIeBen. 6eJIblX OBen..
(Cemu.)
HOBaH nocy.z:ta, a BCH B .z:tblpKax.
(Ozyp e 4.)
C K 0 P 0 r .0 BOP K H.
1l.e.z:t MlixaH Ha.z:te.n MaJIaXaH.
Myxa-roplOxa ceJIa Ha yXO.
Y xopomeH npHXH TKaHble py6axlI,
Y JIeHlfBOH npHXH HeT py6axlI,_
(Cumo.)
.n"fI>EPEHLl"AI..UHI 3BYKOB
K-m, K-Z K-X.
Ynpa)l<HeHHH .lI.JlH ,lJ.HcJ>cJ>epeHl..J.HaLI.IIH 3BYKOB " - m
B CJlOBax II npe,lJ.JI01KeHIIHX.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
Op01iIlTaTb Ii cnHcaTb CJIOBa.
KOM - TOM
KaKOH - TaKOH
KOMY - TOMY
OaK - OaT
KaK - TaK
COKIi - COTbI
'I Ha3BaTb Hapl1COBaHHbie npe.ZI.MeTbl II 3anIlcaTb HX Ha3BaHliH.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
144


3a.n.aHHe.
DpoQI1TaTb H Cnl1CaTb CJlOBa, BCTaBJIHH nponymeHHytO 6YKBY.
. ..bIKBa
KaHa. ..
TaH...
...aLIKa
nO...OK
...KaHb
.. .aHaT
6y Ke...
naKe. ..
Ka.. .OK
nJIaKa. ..
KpOKe.. .
3a,lJ.aHHe.
ILaTb nOJlHbIe OTBeTbl Ha BonpOCbI YCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
KTO He BbeT rHe3.D.a?
KaKaH nTHLIKa caMaH XJIOnOTJIHBaH?
KaKHe .D.HH 6bIBalOT oceHblO?
KaKHe HOLIH 6bIBalOT JIeTOM?
KTO ynpaBJIHeT CaMOJIeTOM?
C JI 0 B a .D. JI H C n p a B 0 K: llaCmOf.J,Ka, KYKYUlKa, KO-
pomKue, O/l.UHHble, llemllUKU.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
DpoQHTaTb 11 cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JlO)KeHHH, BCTaBJIHH nponyrn.eHHble 6YKBbl.
KOCTH YLIHJICH cprYPHOMY ...aTaHHIO. .lI.eTH C.D.eJIaJIH
n...HLIKaM ...OPMYlliKH. KOJIX03Hble ...OHH 6bIJIH npeMHpo-
BaHbI Ha BbIC. ..aBKe. MbI CMO... peJIH cneKTaKJIb «30JIo.. .OM
...JIIOLIHK». YLIeHH... .D.onYC...HJI B .D.HK...aHTe 01lIH6...H.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
DpOQHTaTb H Cnl1CaTb npeJl.JlO)KeHHH, BCTaBJlHH nponymeHHble CJJOBa.
CTapHK lliHJI B JIeCHOM . . . . .lI.e.D.YllIKa .D.epJKaJI BO PTY _
. . Ha ropy HeJIa Y3KaH . . . . 5a6YUlKa onYCTHJIa nHCb-
MO B . . . . .lI.HKHe . . . YJleTalDT Ha lOP.
C JI 0 B a .ll JI H C n p a B 0 K: u36YUlKe, mpy6KY, flll{UK,
mponuHfca, ymKU.
145

3a.naHHe.
npOGI1TaTb nOCJIOBIiUbl, 3araJl.KIi Ii CKoporOBopKIi.
BbIY1JIiTb nOCJIOBI1Ubl, 3ara.ZI.KI1 Ii CKoporOBopKI1 HaH3YCTb H 3anHcaTb HX
no naMflTH.
n 0 C JI 0 B 11 U. bI .
BMeCTe Tec 1-10 , a Bp03b CKYLIHO,
MaTYlllKa-pO)Kb KOpMHT Bcex CnJIOlllb.
KaKOB pbl6aK, TaKOBa H pbl6Ka.
llly6Ka 3HMOIO He lllYTKa.
J1acToLIK3 )J.eHb KOHLIaeT, COJIOBeR HaLIImaeT.
JIIOOHlllb KaT3TLCH, JIlO6H H caHOLIKH B03HTb.
3 A r A J1. K 11.
KTO TKeT 6e3 CT3HK3 H PYK?
(naYK.)
BHCHT CHTO He PYK3MH CBHTO.
(naymuna.)
Be3 PYK, 6e3 TonopeHK3 nOCTpoeHa H36eHK3.
( r ne3abtUlKO.)
KJI3HHeTCH, KJIaHHeTCH, npH)J,eT )J.OMOR paCTHHeTCH.
(Tonop.)
He KYCT, a C JIHCTOLIK3MH.
He Py6alllK3, a ClllHTa,
He LIeJIOBeK, a paCCKa3bIBaeT.
(Knuza.)
C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K 11.
OT TonOTa KOnb!T nblJIb no nOJIIO JIeTHT.
TKalJ TKeT TKaHH Ha nJIaTKH TaHe.
ECTb Y CTapYlllKH TeJIYlllKa-neCTpYlllKa, TpaBKY eii HO-
CHT B Kop3HHKe CTapYlllKa.
146

KYKYIllKa KYKYIllOHKY KynHJIa KanIOIllOH.
Ha.u.eJI KYKYIllOHOK KanIOIllOH.
KaK B KanlOIllOHe OH CMeIllOH I
YnpCUKHeHHH ,lJ.JIH ,lJ.HcJ>cJ>epeHlI.Hall.HH 3BYKOB 1{ - Z
B CJIOBax H npe)J.JIO}KeHHHX.
3a.naHHe.
OpO'lI1TaTb II cnHcaTb CJlOBa.
KYCT - rYCT
KaIlla - raIlla
3a,lJ.aHHe.
\..
KOJI - ro.rr
HKpa - Hrpa
Ha3BaTb Hapl1COBaHHbie npe.ZI.MeTbl 11 3anHcaTb IIX Ha3BaHHH.
. '.
..
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147

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.... -; ,
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IT
OpOtII1T3Tb H cnHcaTh CJlOBa, BCTaBJlSlfl nponyeHHyro 6YKBY.
.. .HIIra
.. .opKa
.. .OJIy6Ka
3a.. .a.n:Ka
OT.. . a.n:Ka
y.. ,OJIOK
3aJIaHHe.
I'pe6eH. . . a
rope.n...a
KOqe...ap
lJ3Tb nOJlHbie OTBeTbl Ha BonpOCbl YCTHO II nHCbMeHHO.
LIeM lllbeT nopTHoH? LITO .n:apHT .n:eTHM?
KTO BopKyeT? LITO B6HBalOT B CTeHY?
LITO 6epYT B 6H6JIHOTeKe?
C JI 0 B a It JI Hen p a B 0 K: cOAy6b, Uc.AOU, 28030b,
nooapKU, KHU2U.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
OpOtIl1TaTb npelI.JlO>KeHlIH, BCTaBJlHH nponyeHHble 6YKBbI.
raJIqOHOK ...pOMKO KpHQaJ1. KOCTH ...ynHJ1 ...HHI'H.
K03bI naCYTCH Ha JIY...y. Ha COCHe npbI...aJ1a 6eJ1...a. KaTH
HalllJ1a ...pH6oK, KpyroM MeJ1b...aJ1H lI,eTC...He ...0J10BKH.
IOpHH ra...apHH - nepBbIH ...OCMOHaBT.
148

3a,lJ.aHHe.
OpO'UiT8Tb npe.ZI.JIO)f{eHl1S1, BCTaBJIHfI nponyrn.eHHble CJIOBa.
MOCKBa - KpaCHBbIH . . . . Ha 3aBO)],e rY)],HT
Ha)], )],OMOM KpaCHbIe . .. . 3aHrpaJI naCTYlllHH . . . . fpa-
4H rpOMKO KpH4aJIH B . . . . Ha He6e ropHT HpKaH
KopoBa )],aJIa MHOro . . . . no)], ropKOH npOTeKaJIa ... .
C JI 0 B a ,lJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: ZyiJOK, zopoiJ, cpllazu, po-
JICOK, zHe30ax, aee3iJO'iKa, MOIlOKa, pe'iKa.
..
3a,lJ.aHHe.
OpOQHTaTb nOCJIOBHUbl. 3ara]l.KH H CKOpOroBOpKJI.
BblYQHTb nOCJIOBHUbl, 3ar8.ZI.KH H CKoporOBOpKI1 H8H3YCTb H 3anHcaTb IIX
no naMfiTH.
nOCJ10BI1lJ,bI.
BOJI Ka HOrH KOpMHT.
Ky)],a HroJIKa, TY,lJ.a H HHTKa.
l{opora JIO}KKa K o6e)],y.
KOllIKe HrpYlllKH, a MbIlliKe c.ne3KH.
l{aH KypHue rpH)],KY - H3poeT BeCb oropo)],.
He rOHH KOHH KHYTOM, a rOHH KOHH OBCOM.
51HBapb ro.n, Ha4HHaeT, a .n,eKa6pb KOH4aeT.
.
3 A f A l{ K 11.
Koro O,lJ.HH pa3 B ro)], HapH}KaIOT?
(EIlKY.)
ll1epcTKa MHroHbKa, )],a KorOTOK ocrep.
(I( OtuKa.)
no.n, COCHaMH, no.n, eJIKaMH JIe}KHT KJIy60K C HroJIKaMH.
(EUK.)
149

KpyrJIbIH, rJIa)J,KMH M nY3aTbIl1, OOJIbHO OblOT ero peoslTa.
( MJltt.)
::i,:
fpaMOTbI He 3HalO, a BeCb BeK mIlIIY.
( flepo.)
'.
fOJIYOOH nJIaTOK, aJIbIH KOJIOOOK no nJIaTKY KaTaeTC.H
JIIO)J,HM YJIbIOaeTCH.
(He60, COJlH4e.)
He.n.oJIro )JUlJI, MHOfHX KOpMHJI; ynaJI - nponaJI, HHKTO
KOCTeH He COopaJI.
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i
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II'

OropO.n.H HK TOT C .n.JIHHHbIM HOCOM lliHBeT.
f.n.e HOCOM KaqHh, TaM Bo.n.a nOTeqeT.
( FOptuOK.)
.
1.
( JleuKa.)
,
,
,
:i
Y Hac no.n. KpbIllieH OeJIbIH rB03)J,b BMCHT, COJIHl.{e B30H.n.eT,
rB03)J,b yna)J,eT.
(COCYJlbKa.)
C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K 11.
.1
i
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fOJIYOKa KJIlOeT KpynKY.
faJIKa CH)J,HT Ha naJIKe.
YrOJIbKH nOCTaBMJIH B yroJIKH.
KOJI.H OelliaJI C .n.pyroM no Kpyry.
Ha HBe raJIKa, Ha oepery raJIbKa.
KJI a)J, H B Y roJI y rOJI b.
COOHpaJIa aprapHTa
MaprapHTKH Ha rope.
PaCTep.HJIa aprapHTa
MaprapHTKH Ha .n.Bope.
,"'
t
KYPHoceHbKHH EropKa BCKapaOKaJIcs:r Ha ropKY.
He nOHMeT EropKa, 4TO 3a norOBopha:
150

«Mml XaTa C KpmO -
HHqerO He 3HalQ».
TIoroBopKa He npaBa -
3TO CTapbIe CJIOBa.
Ynpa}l{HeHHSI ,lJ.JISI ,lJ.H4>4>epeHLI,HaLl,HH 3BYKOB 1(- X
B CJIOBaX H npe,lJ.JIO}l{eHHSlX.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
n pOlilJTaTb H cnHcaTb CJIOBa.
KOT - XO)l,
COK - COX
MOK - MOX
CYK - cyx
Ka)l,Ka - XaTKa
nanKa - OXanKa
MaKaJI - MaXaJI
K03bl - COBX03bl
3a,lJ.aHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHcOBaHHbie npe.ZI.MeTbl H 3anHcaTb HX Ha3BaHH5I,
151

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:."\"''.<J .f" fi';. 
_ .::::.::? __ _ ,'!l;'S-'. . ,I -::.(;/ _
.-....  - -
-
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOtIHTaTb H cnHcaTb CJIOBa, BCTaBJISISI nponym.eHHYIO 6YKBY.
...OJIX03HHK
...OXJIaTKa
. ..OJIOCTHK
. . .OMYTHK
3aJl.aHHe.
HaKOJI...a
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167
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Ccopa ,lJ.0 .n;o6pa He ,lJ.OBe.n;eT.
JIeTHHM .n;eHb - 3a 3HMHIOIO He.n;eJIIO.
O.n;HH pa3 COJIraJI, B .n;pyroi'I pa3 He nOBepSIT.
qTO JIeTOM pO.n;HTCH, TO 3HMOH npHroAHTCSI. "
179

3 A r A JL K 11.
HOBaH nocyat a BCH B blpKax.
Ha Bope ropoii, a B ll36e Booii.
'.
(Cumo.)
B JIecy Hy - oMoii rJIH>I<:Y,
oMoii Hy - Ha JIec o60paQHBalOCb.
(CHez.)
B He60 .D;blpa - B 3eMJIIO blpa,
a nocepeHHe OroHb a BO,lJ.a.
(Tonop.)
B ,lJ.OMe ea, a Bepb aanepTa.
(CaJrtoBap. )
Me}l{Jl;y )lBYX CBeTHJI H B cepeHHe.
(f/Ul{o.)
KpyroM Boa, a c nllTbeM 6ea.
(Hoc.)
(Mope.)
III Y T K 11 - C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K 11.
. JLOH, OH, OH,
3arope.JICH KOlIIKllH OM.
JLHTe.JI epeBO OJI6llJI,
e)la crYKOM pa36Y,lJ.HJI.
3arYe.JIa yOQKat
yOQKa-norYOQKa.
Pa.u.yra - yra,
payra - yra,
He aBaii O}J{AHr
180

nHEPEHQHAQH3BYKOB
8-ifJ, fJ-n, iJ-m.
"
YnpIDKHeHHH ,lJ.J1H ,lJ.Hct>ct>epeHI.(HaI.(HH 3BYKOB 8, tjJ
B CJ10Bax H npe)l.J10)KeHHHX.
3a.naHHe.
DpOQHTaTb H CnHe8Th CJIOB8.
Ba3a - cpa3a
BJl8fa - cpJlHra
CODa  cocpa
ElIJlKa - <I>HJlbKa
3a.naHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHconaHHble npe.nMeTbl Ii 3anlicaTb HX Ha3B8HliH.
181

3aJ1aHHe.
npO'lmaTb H cnHcaTb c.nOBa, BCTaB.nml nponYI1.I.eHHYIO 6YKBY.
...OKYC
.. . acp.n H
...aCOH
...aTa
.. .apTYK
...OpOTHHK
...opOTa
...opOHa
.. .OHaPIt
3a,lJ.aHHe.
LlaTb no.nHbIe OTBeTbl Ha BonpOCbl' YCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
LITO BbIBeIIlHBalOT Ha )J,OMax B npa3)J,HHK?
r)J,e H3roTOB.nHlOT KOHcpeTbI?
C JI 0 B a )J,.n H C n p a B 0 K: fla cpa6pUKe, cpAaeu.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
;
npO'lmaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI..nmKeHml, BCTaB.nsUl nponYI1.I.eHHble 6YKBbl.
B KJIaCCe CTOHT liIKa... C KHHraMH. IlIKo.nbHHKH )J,O.n>KHbl
6bITb Be>KJIH...bI. MaMa CBH3a.na MHilie TenJIbIH IIlap... .'
Ha rpH)J,Kax paCTeT MOpKO...b. B Mara3HHe npo)J,aeTcH
06y...b. Ha)J, KO.nOHHOH cnopTcMeHoB pa3BeBaJICH KpacHbIH
...JIar. I3Y)J,b roTO... K TPY)J,Y H o6opoHe! Pena H MOpKOBb _
O...OI.IJ.H.
182

3a,lJ.aHHe.
npmUITaTb H CnHCaTb npe.ZI.JJO>KeHHH, BCTaBJJHH npOnYI1.I.eHHbIe CJlOBa.
YJIHU:Y 3aJIHBalOT . .. . B Jlyrax 3e.neHeeT . .. . B no-
.1e U:BeTYT paHHHe . . . . B KJIaCCe nOKa3bIBaJlH YQe6HbIH
. . Ha 6aulHe BbeTCH KpaCHbIH . .. .
C JI 0 B a JJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: TpaBKa, ac<paJlbTOM, <pHaJI-
KH, <pHJIbM, <pJIar.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
OpmlHTaTb nOCJJOBHIJ.bI, 3ara,nKH, rnYTKH H CKoporOBopKH.
BbIYIJ:HTb nOCJJOBHIJ.bI, 3ara.ZI.KH, rnYTKH H CKoporOBOpKI1 HaH3YCTb H 3a-
nl1CaTb HX no naMHTH.
IlOCJIOBI111.bI.
He BCHKOMY CJIYxy Bepb.
BCHK CBoero CQaCTbH KY3Heu:. ._
)I(aJIOBaJIaCb OBu:a BOJIKY Ha nJIoxoe >KHTbe.
He 3a TO BOJIKa 6blOT, QTO OH cep, a 3a TO, qTO OH OBU:Y
C'beJI .
B qY>KOM rJIa3Y CyqOK BHJJ.HT, a B CBoeM H 6peBHa He
3aMeqaeT.
KTO Bqepa cOJIraJI, TOMY H 3aBTpa He nOBepHT.
III Y T K 11 11 C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K 11.
Halll cI>HJIaT He 6bIBaeT BHHOBaT.
Y cI>OMKH B roCTHX cI>HMKa,
cI>HMKa B roCTHX Y cI>OMKH.
YnpmKHeHHSI ,lJ.J1S1 ,lJ.H$$epeHU:HaI.(HH 3BYKOB 6 - n
B CJ10Bax H n peJl.JIO)l{eHH SIX.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
OpOIJ:HTaTb H cnHcaTb CJIOBa.
6aJlKa - naJIKa
60qKa - nOqKa
sa60p - 3anop
183

3aAaHHe.
HaSBaTb HapHCOBaHHble npe.ZI.MeTbI H 3anHC8Tb HX Ha3BaHHH.
3aAaHHe.
.-...--"
---'..
----- -
------ :
DpOqHTaTb Ii cnHcaTb CJlOBa, BCTaBJIHH nponym.eHHyIO 6YKBY.
'I
n
...a6Ka
:: ;p'o6a
...po6Ka
.. .JloM6a
184
...poGer:
...aJly6a
.. .o6e.n.a
...aJIb6a

3a.naHHe.
]laTb nOJIHbie OTBeTbl Ha BonpOCbl YCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
LITO IICneKJIa 6a6YUIKa H3 MYKII?
KTO rYJIHeT Ha naJIy6e napoxoa?
4TO nOIDT pe6HTa Ha nHOHepCKHX c60pax?
C JI 0 B a  JI H C n p a B 0 K: naccaJICUpbl, nup02, neCHU.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOqHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO)KeHHH, BCTaBJIHH nponym.eHHbIe (5yKBbI.
XJIe... c nOJIeH y6paJIH MalllHHaMH. PaHbllle XJIe...
)KaJIH cepnaMH, BH3aJIli B CHO.. .bI. B KJIaCCe CTOIiT lllKa...
C KHHraMH. Be3 TpY,lJ.a He BbIHYTb H pbl...KY H3 npya. He
HaKJIOHHCb o 3eMJIH, II rp"...Ka He nOHHTb. BOBa 3a...0-
JIM rpH.. .nOM.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOqHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.JIO)KeHHB, BCTaBJIHH nponym.eHHbIe CJIom.
)l(HJIII-6bIJIH ,lJ.e,lJ.YlllKa II ...6YlllKa. C06paJIHCb nOPYKH
B JIec no rpH...qKH a no Hr...KH. IlpHlllJIa 3HMa, HaeHYT
pe...TKII llly...KH, lllanKH, BaJIeHKH. B IIKTaHre 6bIJIH
...6KH. .lI.eTH nOCaHJIH MaJIeHbKHe ,lJ.y...qKH.
3a,lJ.aHHe"
npOqHTaTb nOCJIOBHII.bl, 3a, ra.ZI.KH ruYTKI1 H cKoporoBopKH.
BbIyqHTb nOCJIOBHII.bI, 3ara.ZI.KH, ruYTKH H CKoporOBopKH HaH3YCTb H 3a-
nHcaTb HX no naMHTH.
IlOCJIOBI1IJ.bI.
IlonaJI naJIbu:eM B He60.
JIH60 naH, JIH60 npOnaJI.
I3paT ceCTpe - He YKa3 B CTpHnHe.
A36YKa - K MYPOCTH cTyneHbKa.
r.u.e HeT 60Pb6bI, TaM HeT n06ebl.
185

3 A r A 1I. K 11.
Ee3 PYK, 6e3 TonopeHKa nOCTpoeHa H36eHKa.
(FHe3iJo.)
EeJIaH CKaTepTb Bce nOJIe nOKpbIJIa.
(CHez.)
ill Y T K 11 11 e K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K 11.
e 6aJIKH ynaJIH naJIKH.
YTpOM cno3apaHKY KynHJI 6apaH 6apaHKH.
Ha.n;e.n 6apaHKH Ha pora, nOHec 6apalliKaM Ha JIyra!
KynHJIa Mapyce 6YCbI 6a6ycsL
He 6y.n;eT nOll.apKa Y BHYlIKH MapycH, -
Bce 6ycw CKJIeBaJIH no 6ycHHKe rYCH.
YnpalKHeHHH }J.JlSI ,lJ.Hl}Jl}JepeHI.J.HaI.J.HH 3BYKOB a - m
B CJIOBaX H npe,lJ.JlO1KeHHSlx.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npml1iTaTb H cnHcaTb CJIOBa.
,lJ.aM :- TaM .n;OM - TOM
,lJ.alIKa - TalIKa lI.OH - TOH
,lJ.OlIKa - TOlIKa .n;OMa - TOMa
,lJ.OCKa - TOCKa ,lJ.Ylll - TYllib ,lJ.eHb - TeHb
y.n;OlIKa - YTOlIKa nJIo.n;bI - llJIOTbI ,lJ.eJIO - TeJIO
3a,lJ.aHHe.
Ha3BaTb HapHcoBaHHbIe npe.ZI.MeTbl H 3anHcaTb HX Ha3BaHHH.
186

\ \1
I
,,' .rf ./
'L
,,-
-.. -
3a,lJ.aHHe.
/,,;\
. -
.)/. 
". ..

-:'/
1
npOqHTaTb H cnHcaTb c.noBa, BCTaB.nHH nponYl.l.leHHYIO 6YKBY.
.. .OKTOp
.. .eCHTb
...PYJJ.HO
3a,lJ.aHHe.
JJ.H...eJI
Te...paJJ.lf
npo... YKTbI
llaTb no.nHbIe oTBeTbI Ha BonpocbI YCTHO H nHCbMeHHO.
KaKHe Bbl 3HaeTe cpeJJ.C"rsa nepe,lJ.BH>KeHHH?
4eM nOKpbIBalOTCH JJ.epeBbH BeCHoii?
KaKHe JJ.HH 6bIBalOT JIeTOM?
KaKHe JJ.HH 6bIBalOT oceHblO?
4TO ieJIalOT pe6HTa 3HMOH?
rJJ.e JJ.o6blBalOT PYJJ.Y?
C.JI 0 B a JJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: napOXOObl, caMOllembl,
mpaMeau, Ilucmeoii, IwpomKue, OlluflHble, KamalOmCR fla caH-
Kax, e waxmax.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOqHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI..nO>KeHHH, BC1'aB.nHH nponYl.l.leHHble 6YKBbI.
TaHH nHllle... ...HKTaHT. ...HKTaHT. Tpy...Hblii. TaHH
c...eJIaJIa OlllH6KY. .lI.HMa KynHJI TeTpa...H. .lI.eTH pa60...aJIH
Ha oropo. ..e.
187

3a.naHHe.
npOqHTaTb H cnHcaTb npe.ZI.J10JKeHHfI, BCTaBJ1f1f1 nponymeHHble CJ10Ba.
.lleTIf ... Ha KOHbKax. .lI.e,lJ.YlllKa CTaJI . .. . KaTOK
OKOJIO . . . . 110cTynIfJIIf B npO,lJ.a>KY . . . naJIbTO. OTKpbi-
JIaCb BbICTaBKa . . . nOCY,lJ.bI. 110 TeJIeBH30py If)leT HHTepec-
HaH . . . . 110 JIe,lJ.HHOll . . . 6erYT KOHbK06e>KIJ.bI.
C JI 0 B a ,lJ. JI H C n p a B 0 K: OO.Ma, KamalOmCJl, cmapt
Oe.MUCe30HHoe, CmeKAJlHHOU, nepeoatta, OOpO:JfCKe.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOqHTaTb nOCJ10BHUbI, 3ara.ZI.KH, IllyrKH-cKoporOBopKH.
Bbl}'qHTb nOCJIOBHUbI, 3ara.ZI.KH, IllYTKH-CKoporOBopKI1 HaH3YCTb H sanH-
caTb HX no naMfiTH.
11 0 C JI 0 B H I..L hI.
YTpO Beqepa MY,lJ.peHee.
BOJIKOB 60HTbCH - B JIec He XO,lJ.HTb.
B JIecy TeHb BeCb ,lJ.eHb.
KTO TPY,lJ.HTbCH pa,lJ. - TOT 6Y,lJ,eT XJIe60M 60raT.
3 A r A 1J, K H.
BeCHOll O,lJ,eBaeTCH, oceHblO pa3,lJ,eBaeTCH.
(J1ec.)
He JIaeT, He KycaeT, a B ,lJ,OM He nYCKaeT.
(3a.MOK.)
l1epbH eCTb, ,lJ,a He JIeTaeT, HOP HeT, ,lJ,a He ,lJ.OroHHlllb.
( Pbl6a.)
IIJecTb HOP t napa PYK, ,lJ,Be roJIOBbl t a XBOCT O,lJ.HH.
( BcaOHUK.)
BpaT C 6paTOM qepe3 ,lJ,OpO>KKY >KHBYT, O,lJ,HH ,lJ,Pyroro He
BH,lJ,HT.
(F Aa:3a.)
188

CTOHT .n;y6, Ha ,ny6y .n;BeHa.n;u:aTb rHe3.n;, B Ka1KAOM fHe3.n;e
no qeTMpe CHHUU:M.
( rOO, MeCR4blt HeOe/lU.,'
O.n;HH JlbeT, .n;pyroii nbeT, Tpenfi% paCTeT.
(D. O:HCOb, 8eMAR, mpaea..1
IlJ Y T K 11 - C K 0 P 0 fOB 0 P K 11.
.lbITeJl Ha ,lJ.y6y CH.n;HT U B .n;y6y ,lJ.ynJlo .n;OJl6HT.
.u.y.n;KY .n;an !LO.n;OHY ,lJ.e.n;, .n;e.n;, KOTOPOMY CTO JleT.
)J.H$$epeHU:HaU:HSI 3BYKOB 8 - tfit 6 - n, a - m
B CTHXax H paCCKa3ax.
HEIlOCJJYIlJHbIE fYC5IT A.
(1.I e III C K a H Hap 0 .ZI. H a H nee e H K a.)
TIpoqb, rycsna, OT BO.n;HU:bl,
Ilpoqb, rYCRTa, OT Bo.n;bIl
He. MOqUTe 6eJlbIX nepbeB,
He Ha.n;eJlaihe 6e.n;bI.
CKoK-nocKoK
MOJlO.n;OH .n;p03,lJ.OK t
Y 60JlOTu:a CKaKan,
Bce KOJlo.n;u:a UCKaJl:
HenOCJIYIllHble rycRTa
He BbIXO.n;RT H3 npy.n;a f
3aMOqHJlH nyx H nepbR,
Ax, 6e.n;a, 6e.n;a, 6e.n;al
OqeHb >KapKO ,lJ.p03.n;y t
A nonHTb - He Han,lJ.yl
f.n;e KOJlo.n;eu:? f.n;e Bo.n;a?
HanoH CKopen .n;p03.n;a.
IlOlllJla 6e.nKa no BO,lJ.y,
Halll.1Ia KMYIliKY COJlO,lJ.y t
B ,lJ.ynJlO 3a TeCTOM CJla3a.na,
CneKJla nHpor t nOMa3aJla,
.-- I1.n;H, Me.n;Be.n;b, ,lJ.PY>KOK,
Ilonpo6yn nHpO>KOKr
EEPE30HbKA.
Bepe38 MOR, 6epe30HbKa,
6epe3a MOR 6e.naR,
6epe3a KY,lJ.pRBaRr
CTOHlllb TbI, 6epe30HbKa,
nocepe.n;b .n;OJl HHYlllKH,
Ha re6e, 6epe30HbKa,
189

JIHCTbH 3eJIeHbIe,
nO,A To6oH, 6epe30HbKa,
TpaBa llleJIKOBaH,
6JIH3 Te6H, 6epe30HbKa,
KpaCHbI ,AeBYlllKH
BeHKH nJIeTYT.
TIYCTb BCErllA EYllEI" COJ1HIJ.E!
JJ. OWaHUH.
COJIHeqHbLH Kpyr, He60 BOKpyr -
Eho PHCYHOK MaJIbqHlllKII.
HapHcoBaJI OH Ha JIHCTKe
11 nO,AmICaJI B yroJIKe:
TIYCTb BCema 6Y,AeT COJIHu.e,
TIYCTb BCer,Aa 6Y,AeT He60,
TIYCTb BCer,Aa 6Y,AeT MaMa,
TIYCTb BCer,Aa 6y,Ay 51!
YPOK POllHOrO 5I3bIKA.
" t
B KJIaCCe YIOTHOM, npOCTopHOM
, I I
YTpOM CTOHT THlllHHa.
. , ,
3aHHTbI lllKOJIbHHKH ,AeJIOM -
TIHlllYT no 6JIOMY qepHbIM,
TIIllYT no qepHOMY 6JIbIM,
I
TIepbHMH nHlllYT H MeJIOM:
«HaM He HY)I{Ha
I
BOHHa!»
CTpO:HKa H,AeT B JIeHHHrpa,Ae,
CTpOHTCH Hailla MocKBa.
A Ha ,AOCKe H B TeTpa,AH
LUKOJIbHHKH CTpOHT CJIOBa.
4eTKaH B YTpeHHeM CBeTe
Ka>K,AaH 6YKBa BH,AHa.
TIHlllYT COBeTCKHe ,AeTH:
«MHp sceM HapO,AaM Ha CBeTe.
HaM He HY>KHa
BO:HHa!»
190
C. MapwaK.

MHp BCeM HapOJ1,aM Ha CBeTe,
BceM eCTb npOCTOp Ha nJIaHeTe, --.
CBeT II 60raT H BeJI II K.
HanlH COBeTCKHe J1,eTII
TaK II3yqalOT H3blK.
HEllOJ1rO llYMA5I.
no H. CAaa,WBY.
)I(aJIeHKIIH - J1,OOpbIH M3JIbqyr3H. KOfJ1,a BHJ1,IIT pHJ1,OM
3JIO, OHb CTpaJ1,aeT, 11 XOQeTCH eMY BMeIllaTbCH, BCe Hcnpa-
BIITb,H CJ1,eJIaTb J1,06poe J1,eJIo.
«CTbIJ1,HQ CHJ1,eTb CJIO>K3 PYKII», - peIllIIJJ OH. 0J1,H3>KJ1,bI.
I1t HeJ1,OJIro ,lJ.YMaH, B3HJICH 33 J1,eJIo. HeJ1,oJIro J1,YM3H.
TIpH6e>KaJI' OJ1,Ha>KJ1,bI )l(aJIeHKHH H3 npyJ1, II 3XHYJI:
TypHCTbI' Ha 6epery CBOH KOCTep He 33JIIIJIII, 6YM3>KKII II I
TpHnKII He C06paJIH, 6aHKII H CKJIHHKH He 33KOnaJIII.
- BOT HepHXH! - BCKpHQaJI )l(aJIeHKHH: - KaK HM He
>KaJIKO nopTHTb TaKOH 6epe>KOK! TIpHJ1,eTCH HaBeCTII nOpHJ1,OK.
C06epy BeCb MYCOP II 6pOIllY B npyJ1,.
CHOBa CTaJI 6epe>KOK QHCTeHbKIIM H KpaCIIBbIM. 11 npyJ1,
KpaCHBbIH: Mycopa H3 J1,He! HHK<?MY He BHJ1,HO.
- Ho npH6e>KaJIH Ha npy.l{ KynaJIbUl.HKII II nOpe3aJIH 0
CKJIHHKH HorH.
PbI60JIOBbI nOpBaJIH 06 oCTpble CKJIHHKH JIeCKH H nOJIO-
MaJIH 0 6aHKH KPIOQKH. _
A pbI6bI B npyJ1,Y OT rpH3Horo XJIaMa II P>K3BQHHbI CT3JIH
60JIeTb H 3a.l{bIxaTbCH.
XOTeJI )KaJIeHKHH KaK JIYQIlle, a BbIIllJIO - xY>Ke. CTOJIb-
KO cpa3Y CT3JIO BOKpyr HeJ1,OBOJIbHbIX.
BCHKoe J1,eJIO C YMOM J1,eJIaTb HaJ1,O. H Y>K eCJIH O.l{HO .l{e-
JIaeIllb, TO J1,pyroe HenopTb.
191

TETIJ1blff XJIEE.
no B. nymUJlUHoii.
TIOJJ, OKOlliKOM 3BOHKO H HaCTOHtIHBO 3BaJIH: «TIHTb-
nOHJJ,eMt TIHTb - nOHJJ,eM! TIHTb!»
5I nOJJ,YMaJIa: «KTO 3TO B3JJ,YMaJi 6YJJ,IITb MeHSI TaK paHO?
DOHJJ,Y nocMoTplO».
BbllllJIa B caJJ, - HIIKoro. 51 CnpOCIIJIa X03HHKY MapyclO,
KTO 3TO 30BeT MeHH, tITO 3a nTHIJ.a. OHa CKa3aJIa:
- JI.a KaK me Bbl He 3HaeTet Eho nepeneJIKa npIIrJIalllaJIa
Bac tIaH nHTb. - 11 3aCMeHJIaCb.
 TIpHrnalliana Bac tIaH nHTb, a He 3HaJIa: xJIe6a Y
Hac HeT. A KaKOH tIaH 6ea XJIeOat
11 OHa nOCJIaJIa OJIIO B Mara3HH B BepXHIIe KOJIOKOJIbIJ.bI.
5J Tome nOlliJIa C OJIeH.
MbI cnYCTHJIHCb C ropKII II OKa3aJIHCb Ha JIyry. OmI lllJIa
f)bICTPO, a 51 MeJJ,JIeHHO: MHe Bce 6blJIO HHTepeCHO.
fYCHM He nOHpaBIIJIOCb t tITO SI Ha HIIX CMOTplO. OHII Bbl-
1 HHYJIH lllelO II 3alllHneJIH.
- OHt - BCKpHKHYJIa SI H n06emaJia. A OJISI CKa3aJIa:-
He 60HCH I
MbI JJ,OJIro lllJIH C OJIeH no JIyry. 11 BJJ,Pyr .l{opora 060pBa-
JIaCb. C O.l{HOH CTOpOHbI petIKa, C ,lJ.pyroH - .l{JIIIHHbIH H
fJIy60KHH pOB. KaK me HaM nepe6paTbCSI Ha TY CTOPOHY?
- HaJJ,o npbIraTb, - CKa3aJIa OJISI. Bbl6paJia MeCTO noy-
>Ke t pa36e>KaJIaCb H npbIrHYJIa. 5I nepenpblrHYJIa BCJIe.l{ 3a
HeH, H MbI CHOBa nOlliJiH CBoeH .l{OpOrOH.
3aBH.l{HeJIHCb BepXHHe KOJIOKOJIbIJ.bl. OrTY.l{a HaM Ha-
BCTpetIY Me.l{JIeHHO llle.n. BbICOKHH t tIYTb crop6JIeHHblH CTapIIK,
onHpaSICb Ha naJIOtIKY.
- 3.l{paBCTBYHTet - CKa3aJIH MbI C OJIeH CTapHKY.
- Moe nOtITeHHet - OTBeTIIJI OH', CHSIB lllJIHny.
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193
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TbI, .l(BOP, nJIOw.a.l(Ka, HrpbI, neCOK, BOJIeH6o;.7l.
o 6 p a 3 e 1.( pac C K a 3 a.
Mbl HeOa8lW B7>eXaAU B HOBblU OOM. B HoeOM OOMe BCe
6blAO KpacueO U yoo6HO. B03Ae OOMa 6bl/l caa. B caay 6blAO
.MHOZO KAYM6 U l{Bemoe. D. emu nOAU8aAU l{Betnbl U OepeBb!l.
B03Ae OOMa 6blAa nAOU{aiJKa. MaAbllUU UcpaAU B neCKe.
Cmapwue oemu uzpaAU B M!l'l U B BOAeu60A. Bee Ot.f£Hb 00-
BOAbHbt H08bl.M OOMOM.
200

EEJIKA.
OXOTHHK; COOaKa, .n;epeBO, OeJIKa, BbICTpeJI, Hey.n;atIa,
OeJIKa t ,lI,pyroe ,lI,epeBO.
llEHb PO)f(.aEHH5I.
.LLHMa, rOCTH, nO,ll,apKH, oaOYUIKa, ,lI,e,ll,YUIKa, ,lI,SI,lI,H, TeTH,
,lI,PY3bH, KHHrH, aJIbOOMbI, KapaH,lI,aIlIH, KOHCTPY, KTOp BeJIO-
CHn'e,ll" 3aBO,ll,HOH aBTOMOOHJIb, ,lI,OBOJIeH, pa,ll,OCTb.
HfPA B np5ITKH.
.LLBOp, ope3eHT, ,lI,eTH t npHTKH, BO,ll,HJI, <l>e,ll,H, ,lI,OJIro,
HCKaJI, BOBa, OOtIKa.
IlPOBO.LLbI.
Ba6YIlIKa, ,lI,e,ll,YIlIKa, JIeTO, ,lI,epeBHH, npOBO,ll,bI t BOK3aJI t
OHJIeT, oara:>K, tIeMO,ll,aH, BaFOH t CBHCTOK t noe3,l1,.
TEMbI D.JIf/ COCTABJIEHJ1f/ PACCKA30B.
3aAaHHe.
CocTaBHTb YCTHbIM paCCKa3 H3 O.ZI.HY H3 .ZI.aHHbIX TeM.
3anHCaTb paccKa3.
. 1. MOll ,lI,PY3bfl.
2. BpeMeHa ro,lJ.a.
3. KaK H }KHJI B Jlarepe.
4. KaK H npOBO:>KY CBOH ,lI,eHb.
201

KAPTHHKH D.JIf/ COCTABJIEH Hf/ PACCKA30B.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
CoCTaEI1Tb YCTHble paCCKa3bI no .QaHHbIM KapTlIHKaM.
3anl1CaTb paCCKa3bI.
JIOBJI5I EAE04E K.
.
m - ;..:
"  ' G 'I.
ft:,., . .
y... 'I,  Jr, . .r
J.. ..'.1, ., ,,':: :' ... If :.J(J:... I
J'f:!!\ . 'I.!> .. "..'."a; ./Hij:f, , 
.5 ;'. ',.... ,:'. ,.' 'n'
,,:,..'.:.:i...n)I':I,:,!..,.'I' "",-':.. I'. .t.';, .
tJl.' ".!, N"'''''''''''''''''''''.j\'1''o\:l:::\',,, I: .I'.:I-"'Y
'" "fIC. . , :'110 .r'lJf 1, .. "'1ft'7f1 , t!t'i1 .h'
. " \ 111,. '" J,I.. · J ,r"1,
 ,If  " "' I. I '1;..,J.  'l,.-- < I' ,"  I .  .:4., (I l  } '1
I" . fT, "J:   \ ' ' :r . J, \", ,'. , ,
" ,. \ I\'\" t ri' " 'I.). ",:' , '/. " .
 ti-' .  vi' ./-' -.  \II't'A "_ .'0IJ r'o ; t,
1 ;1.1  t r 'rl '. - . \....' ,- J.., t'\'h.;,.If'ji),ift I.tll \i I t} i
\\'i'" .  ';1 t I'    Co' " .",-It "I. 1"1:W I .
.,t;lf,}tJ l "' '!"filiit. I ;"} r1, l I 1.I,rl , ,y,,;;,..:/l\t 1! 1
'S4)/.,,:"'i;,H;,\fi 'ttJJ1!)'".'lM;,,,'Y,ft''J, t'.., ,J
,'1i'i4i".Ii,..Jlj: t...il\,"'MUB 1';' I ' f,
f'
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. \ \ ' .,____.. 'J ,"
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ABTOMATH3ALUUI npOH3HOlllEHHSI
CMSlfllEHHblX COrJlACHbiX.
YnpIDKHeHHSI JI.J1S1 aBTOMaTH3au,HH npOH3HOllleHHSI
CMSlPtfHHblX COrJIaCHblX mb, Hb, nb, .Mb.
3a.n.aHHe.
np0l13HOCI1Tb tieTRO 3BYKH mb, Hb, nb, .Mb B CJ10rax Ii CJlOBaX.
TH TH TH - THra
Te Te Te - Tenl
Tll TH TH - THHa
Te Te Te - Te.no
nH nH nH - mITb
nll nll nH - nH.na
ne ne ne - neHa
aTb aTb aTb - MaTb
YTb YTb YTb - nYTb
HTb HTb HTb - H HTb
eTb eTb eTb - neTb
MH MH MH - MHTa
... .. - ..
Me Me Me - Me,lJ.
MH MH Mll - MHp
HH HH HH - HHHSI
He He He - Hee
203

HH HH HM - HHJ1
He He He - HeGo
THHa HSlHSI nHJIa MSIQ
THXO HHTKH nHpop Me,lJ.
TeCTO Hec nec MellIOK
TeCHO HecpTb n eCH SI
KOHb MaTb I..lenb nYTb
CTenb BoceMb OKYHb KaMeHb
3aJl.aHHe.
,
HasBaTb Hapl1COBaHHble npe.l{MeTbl H 3anHcaTb HX Ha3BaHHst.
_,..16 _ -
--- -
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 / " F,,'-':
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....t k ,/..,../ l' ",,-,:;;.;,,;)
'M ' ....... . '" ., -' "
A / -'-=:- ,/,:(#.,",' ..:/  :'
.' -  ..... '&]'.A.. '
./, .. ... '"
/' .- .h -- b.-' ,.,
0" ....=r /.'.:._-.: 0;..-.. ,. ';...: .
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tI-"'. ¥,_:....,
411
.,
., 1.JI.L1....J. .
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204
t.;,
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f'

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t',.J2j7
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... .- ...... .. :J":;r1-i1!ljV 1/
'V':"'Z".J( .k!."
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ji: (:>-;
i'{ ',' i,,' ij
...," ..... '",' j,l..I:t04II!'  "",":f.."
JJ.H«I>«I>EPEHLJ.HALJ.HSI TB!:PJJ.blX
H MSlfKHX COfJlACHbIX.
Ynpa>KHeHHe .II.JUI .II.HcI>cI>epeHlI,Hall,HH 3BYKOB m - mb,
H - Hb t n - nb, .M - .Mb B CJIOBax H IIpe)J.JIO>KelmRX.
3a.II.aHHe.
npOqHTaTb H cnl1caTb CJIOBa.
TYK - TIOK
TbIH - TlUI a
Ma.n - M5I.n
MO.n - Me.n
3aAaHMe.
nbI.nb - nM.na
KOH - KOHb
HOC - Hec
MbI.nO - MM.nO
Ha3BaTb Hapl1COBaHHHe npe.ZI.MerH H 3anl1CaTb HX Ha3BaHI1H.
I
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205

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(f r
npO'lliTaTb 11 cnlicaTb CJIOBa, BCTaBJIHH nponyeHHble 6YKBbI.
M.. . CO
mm. ..
T.. ..neHb
OOT...HKH
IT. ...na
TeT...
o.ne. ..
3e.ne.. .
3a,lJ.aHHe.
Ae'f .. .
KOH...
M....na
IT.. .Ha.n
D.aTb nOJIHble OTBeTbI Ha BonpOCbI YCTHO 11 nliCbMeHHO.
KTO BCIO 3HMY CITHT B oep.nore?
f,lJ.e ITpHHHMalOT Te.ne-rpaMMbI?
fAe peOHTa oepYT KHHrH .nH qTeHHH?
206

qeM nOKpWB3WTCH 3HMOH peKH?
Y KOro BeTBHCTbIe pora?
C JI 0 B a .11. JI H C n p a B 0 K: MeOBeOb, II bOOM , Y OlleHR,
Ha mellecp , a4Je B 6u6lluomeKe.
. 3a,lJ.aHHe.
OpOqnTaTb n CnJlcaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHHSI, BCTaBJIHH nponyrn.eHHble 6YKBbI.
Ha.l1.e KynHJIH M...1JHK. KOCT... nOHMaJI OKYH... . MaMa
M...CHJIa T...CTO. IleT... nOJIY1JHJI n...T...pKY. B Ca.l1.Y paCTeT
M...Ta.
3a.n.aHHe.
OpOQI1TaTb n Cnl1CaTb npe.ZI.JIO>KeHI1H, BCTaBJIHH nponYIII.eHHble CJIOBa.
Pe6sITa HrpawT C . . . . TOJIH Be3 Ha caHKax...
MHTH If BHTH . . . YPOKH.
C JI 0 B a ]1. JI H C n p a B 0 K: KomRmaMu, TeMY, CO-
mOBUIlU.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
OpOQnTaTb nOCJIOBnU:bI, 3arall.KI1, rnYTKH-cKoporoBopKH.
BbIYQHTb nOCJIOBI1U:bI, 3ara.ZI.KI1, rnYTKI1-cKoporoBopKI1 Han3ycTb n 3armcaTb
no naMHTI1.
Il 0 C JI 0 B H LL bI.
qTO 0 TOM TymHTb, 1Jero HeJIb3H BOpOTHTb.
CKa3aJI 6bI CJIOBe1JKO, ]1.a BOJIK He.l1.aJIe1JKO.
3aBapHJI K3WY, TaK He maJIeH MaCJIa.
THxaH BO]1.3 6epera nO]1.MbIBaeT.
3 A r A .il K H.
>KeJIaHHaH roCTbH C ,lJ.aJIeKoro KpaH )lmBeT nolI. OKHOM.
( JJ acmoflKa. )
207

BOKpyr HOCa BbeTCR, a B PYKU He ,lJ.aeTCR.
C JlIO.n;bMU .n;PY>KUT, .n;OM CTOPO>KUT.
(Bemep.)
KOHb CTaJlbHOH, XBOCT JlbHHHOH.
(Co6aKa.)
(H20IlKa C l-lUmKOU.)
m Y T K H- C K 0 P 0 rOB 0 P K H.
TeHb, TeHb, nOTeTeHb, BbIlIle ropo.n;a nJleTeHb.
Ham rOCTb KynuJI TpOCTb.
CoK C 6epe3bl cTeK, cTeK C oepe3bI COK.
Au4>$epeHuauR CMRrlJeHHblX cor JIaCHblX B CTUXax
U paccKa3ax.
3aJl.aHue.
np01JHTaTb CTHXH H paccKa3hI.
BblY1JHTb CTHXH HaH3YCTb.
nepecK83BTb CO.ZI.epLKaHl1e paccKa30B.
3HMHEE YTPO.
(0 T p bI B 0 K.)
A. llYUlKUH.
nO.n; roJly6bIMU HeoecaMu
BeJlUKOJlenHbIMu KOBpaMu,
nJleCTH Ha COJlHl.{e, CHer Jle}KUT;
np03paIJHbIH Jlec O.n;UH IJepHeeT,
H eJlb CKB03b UHeH 3eJleHeeT,
H peIJKa no.n;o Jlb,lJ.OM 6J1eCTUT.
nTHllbE P A,[(HO.
(0 T phI B 0 K)
C. M UXaJlKoe.
HalIl np.ueMHHK B fIRTb qaCOB
npUHHJI COTHIO roJlOCOB:
«<l>uyp -<tmyp I <l>blO-<t>blO-<pblOl
lluK-lJupuKI TblO-TblO-TblO-TblOl
DUY-fIHyl l1.BUP-l.{BHP-l.{BUpl
208

'llHBJ.i-qHBHt Tblp-TbIp-Tblpt
CnaTb-rraTb-naTbt JIIO-.mol l1.HK-I.{HKI
TeHb-TeHb-TeHbt 'llY-HK, qy-HKt
KO-Ko-Kol Ky-a-pe-Kyt
fyp-ryp-rypl KY-Ka-pe-Kyt
Ka-aapl Ka-appt nH-Tbt DHtbt»
Mbl He 3HaeM, KaK HaM 6bITbt
OqeBHJJ.HO, B .9TOT qac
nepeJJ.aqa He JJ.JIH Hact
BY.lI.b rOTOBt
H. K. KpynCKaR.
BCSIKHH nHoHep Ha npH3bIB «BYJJ.b rOToBt» OTBeqaeT:
«BcerJJ.a rOToBt», HO JJ.a.neKO He BCHKHH nHOHep 3HaeT, OTKY-
.l(a B3HJICH .9TOT npH3b1B H .9TOT OTBeT.
«By,nb rOToBt» - 9TO 6b1JI npB3bIB JIeHHHa K qJIeHaM
napTHH, 60pl.{aM 3a HapOJJ.Hoe .neJIo...
«By,nbTe roTOBbI», - roBOpHJI TOBapH neHHH qJIeHaM
. napTHH, H JIeHHHCKaH napTHH... He 60HJIacb HHKaKoH,
caMoH qepHOH t caMOH CKyqHOH pa60TbI. 11 Kop,na npHIIIJIO
BpeMH t YJJ.06Hoe )VIH peBOJIIOI.{HH, JIeHHHCKaH napTHH «6bIJIa
roToBa» H nOBeJIa - 3a c060ii pa60qHX B KpeCTbHH. 
IOHblx nHOHepOB He 6b1JIO eIIle Ha CBeTe, Kop,na JIeHHH
3BaJI 6opl.{oB 3a pa60qee ,neJIO 6bITb roTOBbIMH, HO IOHble nHOHe-
pbI TBepJJ.O pellIHJIH 6b1Tb BepHbTMB 3aBeTaM JIeHHHa, OHB
HeyctaHHO yqaTCH, OHB HeYCTaHHO opraHH3YIOTCH, CTaBHT
ce6e l.{eJIblO oppaHH30BaTb Bcex pe6HT, c.neJIaTb BX Bcex
C03HaTeJIbHbIMH, YMCJIblMH; IOHble nHoHepbl XOTHT HayqHTb-
CH CTpOHTb HOBYIO )KH3Hb, OHH XOTHT npo,nOJI)KaTb ,neJIO
JIeHHHa...
- r
Y BE'llHOrO OrH5I.
M. Et/Jem08.
He 6bIJIO B. MHpe Cp, a)KCHHii no.no6HbIX 6HTBe no,n CTa-
JI.HHrpa.l(OM.
JIHHH QJPoHTa npH6JIH3HJIaCb K ropO,lJ.y )KapKHM aB-
209

rYCTOM 1942 ro.n;a. rHTJIep 6pOCHJI no,lJ. CTaJIHHrpa.n; CBbIllie
MHJIJIHOHa COJI.n;aT.
3.n;ecb Ka:>K.n;bIH .n;OM 6bIJI npeBpaIII.eH B KpenocTb, a 3aJInbl
nYllieK H aBTOMaTOB HH Ha MHHYTY He YMOJIKaJIH B TeqeHHe
llleCTH C nOJIOBHHOH qaCOB.
B Te .n;HH B HalllHX OKonax H TpaHllle.SIX OT 60HII.OB K
60HII.Y nepe.n;aBaJIOCb: «HH lllary Ha3a.n;».
3TO 3ByqaJIO KaK napOJIb. 11 60HII.bI OTBeqaJIH: «By.n;eM
CTO.SITb HaCMepTb!»
B HlllH .n;HH TaM, r.n;e COBeTCKHe BOHHbI CTO.SIJIH HaCMepTb,
BbIpOC H3 pa3BaJIHH O.n;HH H3 caMbIX npeKpaCHbIX ropO.n;OB
HallieH CTpaHbI - BOJIrorpa.n;. 3.n;eCb, Ha rJIaBHOH nJI, OIII.a.n;H
Ka:>K)J,oe YTPO, pOBHO B BoceMb HOJIb-HOJIb,- :>Kapa JIH, CHer.
JIH, BbIOfa JIH, MOp03,- K .SIpKOMY nJIaMeHH BeqHOrO OrH.SI
no.n;xo.n;HT B CTpOroM CTpOIO He06bIqHbIH nOqeTHbIH KapaYJ1:
qeTbIpe MaJIbqHKa C HaCTO.SIIII.HMH aBTOMaTaMH «IlIllll» H
.n;Be .n;eBOqKH-no.n;qaCKa C KpaCHbIMH nOB.SI3KaMH Ha PYKaBe.
IlHoHepcKHe KapaYJIbI CMeH.SIIOTCfI Ka:>K.n;bIe .n;Ba.n;II.aTb MH-
HYT - C BOCbMH YTpa .n;o BOCbMH Beqepa.
BOKPYr. COTHH JIIo.n;eH. Ho Bce paBHO Y BeqHOrO OfH.SI TaK
THXO, qTO IOHbIe qaCOBbIe CJIbIlliaT CTYK cBoero cep.n;II.a. OHH
CMOTp.SIT Ha .SIpKOe nJIaM.SI BeqHOrO OrH.SI H .n;YMaIOT 0 TOM,
KaK 6HJIHCb Ha 3TOH nJIOIII.a.n;H HalliH BOHHbI; .n;YMaIOT 0 TOM,
qTO 6bIJIO 3.n;eCb B BOHHY, Ha 3eMJIe, nOpbI:>KeBllleH OT KpOBH.
11 eIII.e 0 TOM, KaK c.n;eJIaTb, qT06bI 3TO HHKor.n;a He nOBTopH-
JIOCb.
r.nABHbII1 PY1.IEI1.
H. Cep2ee8.
HacTynHJI BTOpOH MeCSIII. BeCHbI. He TOJIbKO He60, HO
H caM B03.n;yx 6y.n;TO 6bI no.n;CHHHJIH. OceBlllHH CHer HaCTO-
pO:>KHJICSI OCTpbIMH JIb.n;HHKaMH, KaK 6HTbIM CTeKJIOM. YT-
pOM OH 6bIJI 6e3MOJIBeH, a B nOJI.n;eHb, Kor.n;a TpeTbeKJIaCCHHK
KOMapOB B038paIII.aJICSI H3 lllKOJIbI, CHer 3aro80pHJI. Ilo.n;
YJIbI6qaTbIM COJIHII.eM TOHKHe nJIaCTHHKH na.n;aJIH, H 8 803-
.n;yxe CTOSIJI THXHH 380H.
210

KOMapOB C)J;BHHYJI MOXHaTYIO lllanKY, HerO JI6a KOCHY-
JIaCh XOJIO)J;HaH JIa,lJ.OlllKa anpeJIH. OH nOCTaBHJI nOpT<peJIh
Ha 3eMJIlO H, CBepHYB C )J;oporH, nOllleJI no CTapOH JIhDKHe,
nOllleJI TY)J;a, OTKY)J;a, eMY Ka3aJIOCh, pa3,n:aBaJICH .9TOT
Y)J;HBHTeJIhHhIH 3BOH. 11 B caMOM )J;eJIe, JIhDKHH CKaThIBaJIaCh
B OBpar, neTJIHH cpe)J;H KYCTOB HBhl, 3a KOTOphlMH npHTaJICH
PY1.leH. BO)J;a 6hlJIa II.BeTa 6YThlJI01.lHOrO CTeKJIa, H npOlllJIO-
ro)J;HHH TpaBa Ha )J;He ero llleBeJIHJIaCh. llleBeJIHJIach TaK
}Ke TaHHCTBeHHO, KaK H BCe KpyroM. Ka3aJIOCh, TOJIhKO
CTOHT PYKOH pa3)J;BHHYTh CHHb B03)J;yxa - H TeMHhIH neHh
BhlCTpeJI HT 3eJIeHOH CTpeJIOH.
KOMapoB ceJI Ha 6peBHo H CTaJI pa3rJIH)J,hIBaTh BOpOHKH,
BO MHO}KeCTBe pa36pocaHHhle no nOBepxHocTH PY1.lhH. OH
npOBO}KaJI rJIa3aMI1 lI1.enKH, KYC01.lKH KOphl, npOnJIhIBaIOlI1.He
B HeBC)J,OMoe ,lJ.aJIeKOe, H eMY nO)J,YMaJIOCh: «A 1.lTO, eCJIH .9TO
rJIaBHhIH PY1.leH? Hy KOHe1.lHO, rJIaBHhIH! OH Bna)J,aeT B
5IY3Y. 5IY3a - B MocKBy-peKY, MocKBa-peKa B BOJIry,_a
BOJIra - B Mope».
KOMapOB npe,l\cTaBHJI ce6e .9TO Mope H 3aCMeHJICH. OH
ero BM,l\eJI.
ABTOMATH3AI.\IUI npOH3HOlUEHIHI 3BYKA
bl.
YnpaJl<HeHHH ,lJ.JIH aOTOMaTH3al..l,HH npoH3HorneHHH 3BYKa bl.
3a,lJ.aHHe.
npOqllTaTb CJIOrH II CJIOBa, npOlI3HOCH qeTKO 3BYK bl.
nhl nhl nhl - nhlJI h
ChI ChI ChI - ChIp
lllH lllH lllH - lllHHa
JIhl JIhl JIhI - JIbI}KH
Thl Thl Thl - ThIH
6hl 6hI 6hI - 6hlJIh
3hI 3hI 3hl - 3hl6h
}KH >KH }KH - }KHP
phI phI phI - pbI6a
,l\hI ,l\hl ,l\hl - ,l\hlM
nhIlllKa
KonhITa
ChIp
OCbl
,lJ.hIM
,l\hIH H
HOThI
MOCThl
211

JlbI>KM
JIbICblH
3a,lJ.aHHe.
pbIoa
pbIHOK
ObIK
606bl
lIlMHa
MaWHHa
Ha3B8Tb HapliCOBal-IHble npe.ZI.MeTbl Ii 3anlfCaTb HX Ha3BaHHH..
".
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3a,lJ.aHHe_
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