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MarHHTHoro rrOTOKa B lJ,errH 3TH X YCTPOHCTB B03HHKaeT 3. .a.. C. ca-
MOHII,n:YKlJ,HH, rrpOTlIBO,n:eHCTBYIOlll.aH WJMeHeHHlO MarHHTHoro. rro-
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HOBJIeIHIblX Ha 3JIeKTpOCTaHlJ,HHX, CO,n:ep)KHT COCTaBJIHIOIlJ,YIO, KOTO-
paH B Ka)!{,n:bli1 MOMeHT BpeMeHIl J<OMlleHcllpyel' npOTHBOtleHCTBHe
3.,n:. C. CaMOHH!WK1HH. CJIe,n:OBaTeJIbIlO, H I\IrHOBeHHOe 3HaLJeHHe
MOlll.HOCTH reHepaTOpa BCCr,n:a HMeeT T<lKYIO COCTaBJJHIOJlI,yro, KOTO-
paB 06YCJIOBJIeHa npOTIlBO,n:ei1cTBHeM 3.,n:.C. CaMOHH,n:YKIJ,HH. 31a
COCTaBJImOIlI,aB MrHOBCHllOii MOUHOCTH reHepaTOpa Ha3bJBaeTCH
peaKTHBHoti MOlll.HOCTblO.
KaK H3BeCTHO H3 Kypca 3JICKTpOTeXHI1KH, peaKTHBHaH MOlll.-
HOCTb, J!,n:Ylll.aB Ha C03,n:aIHle ManlIlTHOrO IIOTOKa B arrnapaTaX II
MalllHHaX, 06JIa,n:alOlll.HX I1H,n:YKTHBHbJM corrpOTHBJIeHHeM, 4 pa3a
B TeLIeHHe KafK,n:oro rrcpHo,n:a nepcMeHIIoro TOKa MeHHeT CBoe Ha-
npaBJIeHHe, npHLIeM cpe,n:Hee 3HaLIeHHe 3TOii MOlll.HOCTH 3a KafK,n:blii
nOJIynepHo,n: paBHO HYJIIO.
TaKHM 06pa30M, K TOKorrpHeMIlHKaM npOMbllllJJCllllbJX npe,n:rrpHH-
THit ,n:OCTaBJIHeTCH KpOMe aKTHBHOII 3HepnIH, rrpe06pa3YCMOH B HHX
B ,n:pyrlle BH,n:b! 3Hepnm, T<lK)!{e H peaKTHBHaH 3Heprml, KOTopaH
Hco6xo,n:IIMa ,n:JIH C03,n:a II II 51 MarHHTIIbJX 1l0JIcii B 3JIeKTpO/I,BHraTe-
JI5IX, TpaIICclJopMaTOpax H T. ,n:.
PeaKTIIBHaH 3IIepnm, COOTBeTCTBYIOlll,a5I pcaKTHBHOl[ !vrOlll.HOCTH,
He npOH3Bo,n:HT nOJle3HOH pa60Tb\. BMeCTe C TeM 06Mell pcaKTIIB-
HOH MOlll.HOCTblO Me)}(JI.Y TOKonpHeMHHK<lMH H rCHepaTopaMH 3JIeKT-
pOCTaHIHii npHBo,n:HT J( ,n:06aBOLIHbIl'vI 1l0TCpHM aKTlIBHOH 3HeprHH
B JIHHIUIX, TpaHcc.popMaTopax H rCllcpaTopax.
MepOH COOTllOllICHHH Me)K,n:y <lKTHBHOri H peaKTHBIIOH MOIlI,HO-
CTHMH HBmJeTCH K03cpqJHU,llCHT MOlll.1I0CTH, OHpCJI.CmreMhlH KaK 01'-
HOLlleHHC aKTHBHoii MOlll.flOCTIl P K nOJIHOii S:
p p
COS <p = s = - -VP2=Q2-- ,
r,n:e Q - Hepe,n:aBael'vlaH peaKTHBHaH MOLlJ,HOCTb.
448
(13.1 )

npH CHHYCOH.lI.aJIbHOH <pOpMe Hanp5l}KeHIJ5I H TOKa BeJIHlJHHa
1<0 3 <P<P H IJ,HeHTCI MOllHOCTH COBl1a.ll.aCT C KOCIIHYCOM yrJIa C.lI.BHra
q)a3 MC}K.lI.Y HalllHIlKellllCM II TOKOM. nIm IICCIIIIYCOII.II.<1JlbIlOii <pOpMC
Harrp5DKeHUH II TOKOB .lI.JIH orrpe.II.eJIetl1I5I 1W3<P<PlIlJ,lJeHTa MOlll,HOCTH
cos qJ Hco6xo.II.HMO YMHQ}KHTb Ha K03<PtPHll,HeHT UCKa2-KeHH5I, MCHb-
rnm'i C.lI.HHHlI.bI H xapaKTcpH3YIOW.HM pcaKTHBHbIC MOW.HOCTH BbICUIHX
rapMoHHK.
Do <POPMYJIC (13.1) orrpc.!I.CJIHIOT TCKYllI.CC 3HaIJeHHC K03<P<P Hl I;H-
eHTa MOllI.HOCTH .!I.JIH orrpe.!l.CJICHHOrO MOMeHTa BpeMeHH.
OCHOBHbIM nOKa3aTeJIeM rroTpe6JIeHH5I peaKTHBHoH MOlll,HOCTH
3a HeKoTopbIH rrepHo,!!, Ha6JIIO,!!,eHHH (CYTKH, MCCHL(, ro.!l.) HBJIHeTCH
Cpe.!l.HcB3BCrncHHbIH K03<P<PHlI.IINIT MOllI;HOCT\I, pacc'! HTbIBaCM bIM rro
<POPMYJIC
W a
COS /Fe. B =
1/ W2 + W 2 .
V a p
(1 :3.2)
r.!l.C W a H W p - rrOKa3aHHH ClJeTlJHKOB aKTHBHOll H peaKTHBHOll
3HeprHH 3a rrepHO.!l. Ha6JIIO.!I.CHHH.
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CTHrHYTbIii 6e3 rrpHMCHeHH5I CrrelI.HaJIbHbiX CpC,!!,CTB .!I.JIH rrOBbIUIeHHH
cro, Ha3bIBaCTCH eCTCCTBCHHbIM. ECTCCTBeHHbIH COS qJ 60JIbllIHHCTBa
rrpOMbIUIJIeHHbIX rrpC.!I.rrpHHTHH KOJIc6JIeTC5I B rrpc.!I.cJIax 0,5-0,7.
PcaKTHBHaH 3HeprHH, rroTpc6JIHCMaH rrpc.!I.rrpHHTHCM, orrpC.!I. CJIH -
eTCH BeJIHIJHHOH HaMarHH'IHBalOllI,eii MOlll,HOCTII, KOTOpa51 Tpc6YCTC5I
OT.!I.eJIbHbIM 3JICMeHTaM 3JIeKTpOYCTaHOBKH. Ha ,!!,OJIIO aCHHxpOHHbIX
.!I.BHraTCJIeii rrpHXO.!l.HTC5I 60JIee 60 % BceH pcaKTHBHoii 3HeprHH, rro-
Tpc6JUICMOH 0'1' 3HeprCTHlJCCKHX CHCTeM rrpOMbIlllJICHHbIMH rrpc,!!,-
rrpHSITH5IMH, a Ha .!I.OJIIO TpaHc<popMaTopoB --.!I.O 20%. OCTaJIbHaH
lJaCTb (OKOJIO 20%) rrpHxO.!l.HTCH Ha .!I.OJIIO rrpe06pa30BaTeJIbHbIX
rrO.!l.cTaHlI. HM , ycraHoBoK HH.!I.YKlI.HOHHOro HarpcBa, pcaKTopOB, 1303-
,!!,YUIHbIX JIHHHH H .!I.p. TaKHM 06pa30M, OCHOBHbIMH rroTpc6HTCJIHMH
pcaKTHBHOH 3HcprIHI Ha rrpOMbIlliJICHHbIX rrpC.!I.rrpHHTHHX HBJIHIOTCH
aCHHxpOHHblC .!I.BHraTCJII1 H TpaHc<popMaTOpbI.
PeaKTHBHaH MOll.l,HOCTb Q, rrOTpc6JI5ICMa51 aCHIIxpOHHbIM .!I.BlIra-
TeJICM rrpH .!I.aHHOH ero OTHOCIITeJIbHOH HarpY3KC , MOlKeT 6blTb
BbIpa)KeHa
Q = Qo + (QH - Qo) 2,
(13.3)
r.!l.e Qo - peaKTHBHaH MOW.HOCTb HaMarHWIHBaHH5I (XOJIOCTOrO
xO.!l.a) .!I.BHraTCJIH; QH - pcaKTHBHaH MOW.HOCTb .!I.BHraTCJIH rrpH
HOMHHaJIbHOH HarpY3Ke, paBHa51 PH tg (pH/YJ";  - K03q,<pHlI.HeHT Ha-
rpY3KH .!I.BHraTCJIH, HMCIOW.IIH 3Ha l ICHHe PIP,,; PH H P - HOMHHaJIb-
HaH MOW.HOCTb H MOllI.HOCTh HarpY3KH Ha BaJlY ,!!,BHraTeJlH COOTBeT-
CTBeHHO; YJH - HOMHHaJIbHhIH KD)J, .!I.BHraTCJIH; tg /FH - TaHrCHC
yrJIa C.!I.BHra <pa3 MClK.!I.Y JIHHeHHblM TOKOM H HarrpHlKCHHCM TIPH
HOMliHaJIbHOH HarpY3Ke.
15 3n8a N. 2719
449

OCHOBHYIO pOJIb B 6aJIaHCe peaK1'HBHOH MOlllHOCTH aCHHXpOH-
HOra ,lI,BHraTeJIH HrpaeT peaK1'HBHaH MOll.lHOCTb XOJIOCTOro xo)],a Qa,
3aBHCHll.laH 01' 06'beMa MarHHTHoii u,erm H 01' BeJIHl(HHbI B03)],YW-
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ra1'eJIH.
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THBHOH MOll.lHOCTH )],BHra1'eJIH npH nOJIHOH HarpY3Ke. Ha pHC. 13.1
rrOKa3aHO H3MeHeHHe OTHOCUTeJIbHOH peaKTHBHoH MOll.lHOCTH aCHH-
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Ha HeT5!HbIX npOMbICJIaX peaKTHB-
HaH MOll.lHOC1'b nOTpe6JIHeTCH B OCHOB-
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1'eJIbHOH He)],orpY3KoH, a TalOKe rrpu
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Kal(aJIOK' 6YPOBOH ,rre6e)],KU H p01'opa
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MOll.lHOCTH, 6JIU3KHM K HOMUHaJIbHOMY.
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cos (P OKa3bIBaeT peaKTHBHaS! MOll.lHOCTb
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THBHaH MOll.lHOCTb 1'paHccpopMaTopa MO)KeT 6blTb BbIl(HCJIeHa Ha
OCHOBaHHH ero KaTaJIQ)KHbIX )],aHHbIX:
Q
1,8
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raTeJIH OT K03<jJ<jJHl\lIeHTa lIa.
rpY3KII
Q1'= (10% + UK%)'
100
( 13.4)
r)],e SH - HOMHHanbHaH M01ll,HOCTb 1'paHcopMa1'opa; 10 H U K -
CHna TOKa XOJIOC1'OrO xo)],a U HarrpH)j(CHHe KopOTKora 3aMbIKa-
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TOKa TpaHcopMaTopa.
PeaKTIIBHaH MOll.lHOCTb HaMarHI1'IHBaHHH COCTaBJlHeT B cpe)],HeM
y COBpeMeHHbIX TpaHccpopMa1'opOB rrpH XOJIOCTOM xo)],e 4-6% 01'
HX HOMHHanbHoH MOll.lHOCTH (y 60JIee CTapblx KOHCTPYKIIHI 4,5-
10%). OpH nOJIHOH HarpY3Kc peaKTHBHaH MOll.lHOCTb nOBblwaeTCH
npH6JIH3HTCJIbHO B 2 pa3a, O)],HaKO pewaIDll.lee 3HaqelHle )],JIH Be-
JIHl(HIIbI cos qJ TpaHcopMaTopa HMeeT xapaKTep ero HarpY3KH, T. e.
cos qJ HarpY3KH.
450

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.lLBHraTeJIeil H TpaHcqJOpMaTOpOB C pOCTOM HarpY3KH 51BJI5IIOTC5I Mar-
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ECJlH aKTHBHa51 MOli{HOCTb B 3JIeKTpJilIeCKOH IJ,errfl 110CT05lHHa, a
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3JleKTpo060PY.lLOsaHH5I, He.ILOCTaTOLJHO 3cpcpeKTHBHO HCI10JIb3YJOTOI
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IJ,H5IX.
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( S , ) 2 p2, 0 2 ,
t:.P=3f 2 r=3 - y3'u r=+ z
IIJlH
( P ) 2 p2, K
t:.P = 3 ys U cas <p r =, U2 cos2 <p =...  S2 <p .
(13.5)
( 13.6)
r.ILe r - 3KBHSaJleHTHOe aKTHBHoe conpOTHBJleHHe ceTH; P H Q-
rrepe.n:aBaeMble aKTl1BHa51 H peaKTHBHaH MOli{HOCTH; K - 110C1'05lH-
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YBeJIHlJeHHe pa3MepoB 3JleKTpo060pY.LI.OBaHH5I npH CHH)!(eHHH
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)KeHH5I nOHH,KeHHe cos cp rrpHBo.ILHT K YBe.rlHlJeHHIO nOTepb H KOJlC-
6aHHH Harrp5l)J(eHH5I.
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B Henocpe.ILcTBeHHYIO CB5I3b C BeJlHlJHHOH K03cpcpHIJ,HeHTa MOIl.I,HOCTH.
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no ycnOBH5IM npoH3Bo.ll.cTBa OTHOCHTenbHaH Bna)!{HOCTb 6nH3KCI
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npOH3BO.ll.CTBa IlOCT05lHHO HJllI .lI.JlHTenbHO CO.ll.ep)KaTCH napbl lInI1
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B KOTOpblX O.ll.HOBpeMeHHo HMelO1'CH .lI.sa HJlH 60nbUIe ycnOBI1H, xa-
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462

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464

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HeM, 3JIeKTpOCBapKOH H naHJIbHbIMH JIaMnaMH. AJI5I 3aJIHBKH
Ka6eJIbHbIX MyqJT H pa3,lI,eJIHTeJIbHbIX ynJIOTHeHHH Ka6eJIbHYIO
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HHH. BMeCTO CBapKH MeTaJIJIOKOHCTpYKlJ,HH CJIe,lI,yeT nplIMeHHTb
60.1TOBbIe Kpen.lleHH5I, a npOBO,lI,a COe,lI,HHHTb onpeCCOBKOH. Y,lI,ap-
HbIe HHCTpYMeHTbI (MOJIOTKH, KYBaJI,lI,bI) BO H36e)f{afIHe HCKpeHHH
,lI,OJDKHbI HMeTb Me,lI,HbIe HaKJIa,!I,KH, a OCTpHH ,lI,bIpOnp06HBHbIX llH-
CTpYMeHTOB HY}I{HO CMa3bIBaTb COJIH,!I,OJIOM.
Dpll pa60Te B nO)f{apOOnaCHbIX nOMelll,eHIUIX 11 YCTaHOBKax He-
06XO,!I,HMO MaKCHMaJIbHO OrpaHH'lHTb OnepalJ,HH, CBH3aHHbIe C npH-
MeHeHHeM OTKpblTOrO OrH5I (nO,!I,OrpeB Ka6eJIbHOH MaCCbI, 3JIeKTpO-
CBapKY, naHKY C nOMOlll,bIO na5lJIbHOH .'1aMnbI H np.).
B OCTaJIbHOM CJIe,lI,yeT CTporo PYKOBO,lI,CTBOBaTbC5I «DpaBI1.JIaMH
TeXHIi'leCKOH 3KCIIJIyaTau.IiH Ii 6e30IIaCHOCTH 3JIeKTpOTeXHH'leCKHX
ycraHoBOK npOMblIllJIeHHbIX npe,!I,npH5ITHli», «DpaBHJIaMH 6e30nac-
HOCTIi B Heqnera30,!I,06blBaIOIl.I,eH npOMbIIll.JIeHHOCTH» H MeCTHbIMIi
HHCTPYKIUI5IMIi no TeXHIiKe 6e30naCHOCTH.
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OTKJlIO'IeHHe
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pa60TbI 3.JIeKTpo060PY,!I,OBaHH5I B 3JIeKTpOYCTaHOBKax C03,!I,aIOTC5I
3a3eM.JI5IIOll.I.He YCTpoHcTBa, COCT05llll,He H3 3a3eM.JIHTe.JIeH (Ha,!I,e)KHO
COe,lI,HHeHHbIX C 3eMJIeH npOBO,lI,HHKOB) H npOBO,!I,HHKOB, COe,!I,HHHIO-
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YCTpOIkTBa CHH)KaIOT HanpH}I{eHIie Ha KopIIycax 3a3eMJIeHHOrO
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CJIYA(HBaIOIl.I,erO nepCOHaJIa.
3a3eMJIeHHIO nO,lI,JIe}l{aT Kopnyca 3JIeKTpH'leCKHX MaIllHH, TpaHc-
cpopMaTopoB, annapaToB H CBeTHJIbHHKOB; npHBO,!I,bI :::JJIeKTpH'leCKHX
3rrnapaToB, BTOpH'lHbIe 06MOTKH 1I3MepHTeJIbHbiX TpaHccpopMaTo-
pOB; KapKaCbI pacnpe,lI,eJIHTeJIbHbIX IlHTOB, lll,HTOB ynpaBJIeHH5I,
lll,HTKOB H IllKacpOB; MeTaJIJIH'IeCKl1e KOHCTPYKlJ,HH pacnpe,lI,eJIHTeJIb-
HbIX YCTPOHCTB, MeTaJIJIH'IeCKHe Ka6eJIbHbIe KOHCTPYKlJ,I1H, MeT3.JI-
JIW1eCKHe Kopnyca Ka6eJIbHbIX MYCPT, MeTaJIJIH'leCKHe 060JIOlJKH 11
6pOHIi KOHTpOJIbHbIX H CIiJIOBbIX Ka6eJIeI1, MeTaJIJIH'leCKHe 060JIO'lKIi
npHBO,lI,OB, CTaJIbHbIe Tpy6bI 3JIeKTpOnpOBo,!I,KH H ,!I,pyrHe MeTaJIJIH-
'!('CKHe KOHCTPYKU,HH, CBH3aHHbIe C YCTaHOBKOH 3JIeKTpo060pYJLOBa-
HIm; MeTaJIJIH'leCKHe Koprryca nepe,lI,BH)KHbIX H nepeHOCHbIX 3JIeKT-
ponpHeMHIiKOB.
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cxeMbI (pHC. 14.1). Ha HHX 6YKBOH C 0603Ha'leHa eMKOCTb cpa3
Ka6eJIbHOH I1JIH B03,lI,YIllHOH ceTH OTHOCHTeJIbHO 3eMJIH. DpH 3Ha'lH-
465

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CHJ1Y aKTHBHoro TOKa YTe'-lKH. ECJ1H '-IeJIOBeK rrpHKOCHYJ1CSI K KOp-
rrycy .lI.BHraTeJISI B MOMeHT, KOr.lI.a rrpOH30111JIO 3aMbIKaHHe Ha KOp-
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HHSI, OH rrorra.lI.aeT rro.lI. JIHHeHHOe HarrpSlJ-KeHHe (pHC. 14,1, a). TeJIo
'-IeJIOBeKa 6Y.lI.eT BKJ1IO'-IeHO rrapaJ1,lleJ1bHO eMKOCTH C rrOBpeJ-K.lI. eH -
HOH a3w. TOK '-Iepe3 eMKOCTHoe corrpOTHBJIeHHe .lI.BYX HeUOBpeJ-K-
a .lI.eHHbIX a3 rrpoxo.lI.HT no TeJIY
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KOM orraCHOCTI1 Koprryc ,lI,Bl1r3-
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J1HTb (pHC. 14.1, 6). B 3TOM CJIY-
'-Iae rrpl1 rrp060e H30JISlI.!:HH 0.lI.-
HOH H3 a3 Ha Koprryc .lI.BH-
raTeJIH rrOCJ1e.lI.HHA OKa3WBaeTCSI
no OTHOllleHHIO K 3eM.rre rro.lI.
H arrp51J-KeIIHeM:
U 3 = 13 f 3'
o
8
(14.1)
HarrpHJ-KeHHe V'I, rro.lI. KOTO-
pblM OKaJ-KeTCSI TeJIO '-IeJIOBeKa,
H TOK 1'1' rrpoTeKalOll.I,HH '-Iepe3
Hero (pl1c. 14.1,8), onpe.lI.eJIHIOT
opMYJ1aMH
V q = 1 'If 'I = 1 f 3
(14.2)
H
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1'1=1 3 -,
''1
(14.3)
r.lI.e 1  - CHJIa TaKa, rrpoxo.lI. SI -
[3 llI,ero '-Iepe3 3a3eMJISlIOllI,ee YCT-
pOHCTBO; f'l - corrpOTHBJIeHHe
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3all.\IITIIOro 3a3eMJleHllfi JIeHHe 3a3eMJISlIOllI,erO YCTpoii-
CTBa.
OpI1 lIa,ll,J1eJ-Kaw,eM paUleTe corrpOTHBJ1er-mH 3a3eMJIHIOllI,erO
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6e30rracHoH .lI.JISI J-KH3I1H lleJIOBeKa.
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rr0311aKOMHTbCSI C SlBJIeHHSlMH, 06YCJIOBJIeHHbIMH pacTeKallHeM TOKa
C 3a3eMJIHTeJIeH. OpH rrpo6oe H30JIHIUH1 TOKOBe.lI.yw,I1X '-IacTeA Ha
Koprryce 3a3eMJIellHOrO 3JIeKTpoo60pY.lI.OBaHHSI 3a3eMJISll0w,ee YCT-
pOACTBO rrOJIY'-lHT rrOTeIllJ,HaJI {{!ma x = 13f 3. no Mepe Y.lI.aJIeHHSI OT
3a3eMJISlIOll.I,erO YCTpoficTBa rrOTeHIJ,HaJI rrOBepXHOCTH 3eMJII1 rro OT-
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466

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pOM pacnOJlOeH 3a3eMJlHTeJlb. HaH6oJ1ee KpYTaH KpHBa51 cna,ll,a
nOTeHUHaJia (pI1c. 14.2) 6Y,lI,eT Ha CYXHX neC4aHX H KaMeHUCTX
n04Bax. OpH paCCT05lHIUlX 15-20 M OT 3a3eMJlHTeJl51 nOTeHIU1aJl qJ
npaKTI14eCKH paBeH HYJlIO.
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ECJlH B pe3YJlbTaTe ,lJ,eHCTBHH 3J1eKTpHlIeCKoro TOKa rrOTeprreBllIHH
rrOTepHJI C03HaHHe, HY)KHO HeMe,lJ,JleHHO BbI3BaTb Bpalla, a ,lJ,0 ero
rrpHXO,lJ,a paCTerHYTb CTeCHSIlOIl.l.YIO TeJlO O,lJ,e)I(,lJ,Y, 06eCrrelJHTb ,lJ,0-
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JlOlliHTb rro,,!; Hero O,lJ,elli,lJ,Y TaKHM 06pa30M, lJT06bI rOJlOBa 6bIJI3
HeCKOJlbKO HHllie nJIelJ.
B CJIYLJae, eCJIH rrOCTpa,lJ,aBWHH ,lJ,bIWHT cy,[l0POlliHO HJlH He rrpo-
SlBJI5IeT rrpH3HaKOB .lI.bIX3HHSI, He06xo.lI.HMO HeMe.lI.JleHHO .lI.0 IIpHXO.lI. 3
BpalJa C.lI.eJlaTb HCKYCCTBeHHoe .lI.bIXaHHe H MaCCa)K OCTaHOBHBwe-
rOCH cep.lI.IJ:a. Oepe.lI. TeM KaK HallaTb HCKYCCTBeHHoe .lI.bIXaHHe,
CJle.lI.yeT OCB060.lI.HTb rrOJlOCTb pTa rrOCTpa)(aBmero 01' Bcero, LJTO
MO)I(eT MemaTb I1.bIxaHHIO.
BeCbMa 3<p<peKTHBeH CIIoco6 II pliny JUlTeJlhHoro I3.lI.YBanI1H B03-
.lI.yxa lJepe3 pOT HJlH HOC rrOCTpal1.aBmero. CeHLJaC 31'01' cIIoc06
peKoMeH.lI.yeTcH BceMHpHoH opraHH3aIJ:neH 3.lI.paBOOXpaHeHHSI .lI.JI5I
IIOBceMecnlOro rrpHMeHeHH5I. OKa3bIBaIOIl.I.HH rrOMOIl.l.b MO)!(eT B.lI.Y-
BaTb B03.lI.YX CHJlOH CBOHX JlerKHX B pOT HJlH HOC rrOCTpa.lI.aBWero.
OKa3bIBalOIlI.HH IIOMOIl.l.b .lI.eJIaeT rJly60KlIH B.lI.0X H, rrpHJlOlliHI3 CBOH
pOT rrJIOTHO KO PTY (cnoc06 «pOT KO PTY») HJlH HOCY (clloc06 «pOT
K HOCY») IIOCTpa.lI.aBWerO, BI1.YBaeT B ero JlerKHe B03.lI.YX. Oocne
TOro KaK rpY.lI.HaSl KJleTKa IIOCTpa.lI.aBWerO .lI.OCTaTOllHO paC1l1l1-
472

Py!TC, B.lI.YBaHlle npeKpallJ,aeTC H npOHCXO.1I.HT naCCHBHbIH BbJ.1I.OX.
4aCToTa TaKHX B.lI.YBaHIIH .lI.0JI}I(Ha COCTaBIITb 12-16 pa3 B MH-
HYTY. npIl B.lI.YBaHIIII ne06XO.ll.I1MO 33;'K3'Pb noc HJIII pOT rrOCTpa.ll.aB-
wero, tIT06bI He BbIXO.ll.HJI B03.l1.YX. B MOMeHT npeKpallJ,eHHH B.lI.YBa-
HHH HX OTKpbIBaIOT, tIT06bI 06JIerQHTb BbI.lI.OX. B03.l1.YX MO)l{UO B.lI.Y-
BaTb Qepe3 TPy6KH HJIH WJIaHrlL
.lJJI YCKopeHH O)l{HBJIeUHH BpaQH rrpHMeHHIOT KHCJIOPO) H an-
rrapaTbI HCKYCCTBeHHoro .lI.bIXaHH5I. CTHMYJIHpOBaHHe .lI.b1XaHH5I CfIO-
co6cTByeT B0306HOBJIeHHIO pa60TbI cep.ll.I.I.a. .lJJI5I B0306HOBJIeHH5I
pa60TbI cep.ll.u,a BO BpaQe6HOH rrpaKTHKe rrpHMeH5IIOT MaCCa)l{
repJlUa II 3JIeKTpOHMrrYJIbCHble O)j{I1BJIHIOIlHe arrrrapaTbJ.

CnHCOK JlHTepaTYPbl
I. EAaHTep C. r., Cya H. H. 3J1eKTpo060pY,lJ,OBaHHe He<jJTHHOH H ra30Boii
I1pOMbIIllJIeHHOCTH. M., He,lJ,pa, 1971. 488 C
2. B3pbIBo3aw,uw,eHHoe 3J1eKTpo06oPY.'10BalIf1e ,lJ,MI He<jJT5IHOH H ra30BoH npo-
MbIWJleIIHOCTII. CnpaBO'lHHK(H. <D. WeB'IeHKO, A. r. ApHOnOJlHH, IT. 11. MeJlbHHK
H ,lJ,p. M., He,lJ,pa, 1976. 183 c.
3. KYAu3aae K. H., XatlKUH H. E. 3J1eKTp03HepreTIIKa HaCOCHofi He<jJTe,lJ,O-
6bl'lH. M, HeJIpa, 1971. 208 c.
4. MOI.{OXetlH E. H.. flap(peHOB E. M. 3J1eKTpOnpIlBoJ\ 6YPOBblX JJe6eJ\oK. M.,
He,lJ,pa, 1978. 304 c.
.5. Op/lOB 10. K. 3J1eKTpll'leCKHC npllBoi1bl 11 3JJeKTpo060PY,lJ,OBaHlle MaIllHH
,lJ,Jl5I cTpOIITeJlbCTBa Tpy60npOBO,lJ,OB. HaY'lHo-TexHII'IecKI111 0630p. M., HHITH3-
CYHe<jJTera3cTpoH, 1977. 49 c.
6. OCHOfibl aBToMaTII311poBalllloro 3J1eKTpOnpIlBO,lJ,a./M. r. 4 IIJIII K 1111 , M. M. Co-
KOJlOB, B. M. TepexoB, A. B. WHIIHHCKlifi. M., 3HcprllH, 1974. 568 c.
7. flOKOHOB H. 3. 3,neKTp03HeprCTHKj lIe<jJTenpOBO,lJ,HOro TpaHcnopTa. M.,
He,lJ,pa, 1977. 253 c.
8. flpaBu,w 6e30nacllocTH B Hc<jJTe,lJ,06bllJalOlI.\eH npOMblIIlJlelIHocTII. M" He,lJ,pa,
1974.256 c
9. fl paBUAa TeXfIH'IeCKOH 3Kcn.'lyaTaI[If! 3J1el<TpoycTaHoBoK nOTpe6l1TeJIeii.
ITpaBI1J1a TeXHIIKH 6e30rracHocTII npli 3KCIlJlyaTallIII1 3J1CKTpOYCTaHOBOK nOTpe611'
TCJIeii. M., 3Heprl151, 1969, 352 c.
10. flpaBU/la YCTpoiicTBa 3JICKTPOYCT<1HOBOK. M. 3Heprl151, 1966, 456 c.
II. CnpaOO'lHafl KHHra no J\06bl'le HeqJTJI. IToJ\ peJ\. rIlMaTY,lJ,1I1l0Ba Ill. K. M.,
He,lJ,pa, 1974.703 c.
12. CnpaBO'IHUK 110 npOeKTl1pOSaIll1IO 3JleKTpOnpIIB0,lJ,a, CIIJIOBblX Vi OCBeTI1-
TeJlbHbIX YCTaIlOBOK. M., 3HeprHH, 1974.727 c.
13. CnpaBO'IHUK 3,neKTpOMOIITepa 6YPOBbiX ycnHloBoK.( A. A. KOll.\eeB
5. H. MouoxeHH, B. H. EPOXHII II ,1p.-- M. He,lJ,pa, 1974. ,104 c.
14. CPoMeHKo CPo H. 5ypeIlllc CKBa,KIIII 3J1(>KTpo6ypOM. M., He,lJ,pa, 1974. 272 C.
15. 3J1eKTpo060pY,lJ,OBaHlle lIe<jJT5IlIbIX II ra:JOBbiX I1pOMbICJlOB.(B. M. ITJJ 10ll.\ ,
M. B. POHTMaH, B. 0 CapKI1CHII, M. A ::kII6HH. M., HeJ\pa, 1965. 312 C.
16. 3AeKTponpuBOa HOBX 6ypOBX YCTaHoBoK C npl1MeHeHHeM TllpllCTOpHblX
npe06pa30BaTeJleii./B. 11 EPOXI1H, B. H. MOlloxeHH, B. M. ITap<jJeHoB Ii ,lJ,p. M.,
BHHH03Hr, 1972. 191 c.
17. 3MYAbCUU He<jJTII C BO,lJ,oii 11 MeTO,lJ,bl IIX pa3pYilleHIIH./ D:. H. JIeB'IeHKO,
H. B. BeprIIlTeHH, A. D:. XY,lJ,HKOS3, H. M. HHKo.naeB3. M., XHMHH, 1967. 200 C.

OrJlaOJleHHe
BBC,lJ.eHHe 3
rJlaDa 1. HCTO'lHHKH 3J1eKTpHLleCKoH 3HeprHH 11 ee pacnpe.a;eJleHHe Ha npeil-
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npeileJlI1TeJlbHblX YCTPOHCTD HanpH)I(eHl1eM Dblwe 1000 B
7. CIfJIOBble Tpanc<jJopMaTopbl H IIX lJbl60p
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OIlHblC annapaTbl ,lJ,JJH nanpH)I(CIIH5I Bblwe 1000 B
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475

AnnapaTypa H CXeMbl ynpaBJleHHH 3J1eKTpO.a;BHraTeJlAMH
AnnapaTypa yrrpaBJleHHH II 3all.\I1TbI
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 38. 3JIeKTpOrrpllBoA 6YPOBOii JIe6e,lJ.KII
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 41. 3JIeKTpo06opY,lJ.OBaHlle MOpCKIIX 6ypOBbiX YCTaHoBoK
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'1aJIOK II annapaTypa ynpaBJJeHIIH
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\J  49. ITorpY)l(Hble 3J1eKTpO,lJ.BllraTeJIH II IIX l'H,lJ,po3all.\IITa
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 51. CTaHl\1I11 ynpaBJleIIIIH rrorpY)l(HbIMII 3JIeKTpO,lJ.BllraTeJlHMII
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KH
rJlaBa 9.
3J1eKTpoo6opy.a;OBaHHe npOMblCJlOBblX KOMnpeccopHhlX II Hacoc-
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476
190
190
208
210
219
219
222
225
226
229
231
232
234
234
238
241
256
262
275
284
288
289
293
293
297
299
302
306
311
313
319
322
327

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KII He<jJTII B CIlCTeMax c60pa HeljlTII II ra3a
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60B3HIIH K 3JICKTpOnpHBOAY HaCOCOB
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 60. 3J1eKTp006e3BO)l(IIBalOlI.\IIC H 3J1eKTp006cccOJlIIBalOlI.\lIe rrpoMbIc-
JlOBble YCTaHoBKII
 61. 3J1eKTpll'leCKlle YCTaHOBKI1 ,lJ.JIH TCIIJIOBOii 06pa6oTKII np1l336oi1-
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357
362
365
 62. 3J1eKTpll'leCKlle IICTO'IHIIKII CBeTa, OCBeTIITeJlbllafl apMaTypa II
MII 5
 63. CllcTeMbl H BII,lJ.bl OCBell\CnIlH 368
 64. MeTO,lJ.bl paC'IeTa OCBeTIITeJlbHbIX YCTaHoBoK 369
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r JlaBa 11. 3J1eKTpoo(iopy.a;oBaHHe KOMnpeccopHblX H HacoeHblX CTaHl\Hii Ma-
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ra30npOBO,lJ.OB 376
 67. 3J1eKTpll'leCKIIH npllBO,lJ. QeHTp06e)l(HbIX HarneTaTeJleil 379
 68. BcrroMOraTeJIbHOe 3J1eKTpo060pY,lJ.OBallIIe KOMrrpeccopHbIX cTaHIIIH 389
 69. 3J1eKTpOClla6)1(eIIlle KOMnpeccopHblX CTaHI.(HH C 3J1eKTpll'leCKIIM
npIlBO,lJ.OM QeHTp06eiKHbIx HarHeTaTeJlefl 391
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CanpOBO,lJ.OB (HeIjlTenpOBO,lJ.OB) 399
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KC H r JlaBHblX HaCOCOB rrepeKa'lllBalOlI.\lIX HaCOCHblX cTaHI.\Hii 414
rJlaBa 12. 3J1eKTpoo6opy.a;oBaHHe MexaHH3MOB .a;JlH eoopYJKeHHSI MarneT-
paJlbHblX Tpy6onpOBO)(OB 419
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 77, 3J1eKTpoo6opY,lJ.OBaHHe nepe,lJ.BH)I(HbJX 3J1eKTpOCT3HIJ.1I11
419
420
477

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 81. 3J1el<Tpo060pY,lJ.OBaHIIC ,lJ.JlH CBapKII Tpy6onpOBO,lJ.OB 438
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