abouT/bsecTs
and Birds
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО® _гЧЕБНО-ПГ ДАГОГИЧВСКОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО
<ЧИИИ.» » ВЛ ПРОСВЕЩЕНИЯ РСФСР
^ГЙИНТКАДСКОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ
Ленинград • 1961
STORIES
ABOUT INSECTS
AND BIRDS
COMPILED AND ADAPTED
FOR THE 7th FORM
OF THE E1GHT-YEAR SCHOOL
by N. U t e v s к a у a
Lenihgrad • 1961
DEAR FRIENDS!
We all know that our
fields and woods are full of
living beings. We can see
with our own eyes animals
that walk about, birds that
cheer us with their merry songs,
insects that live in the air
and on the ground.
Many of them help us in
our everyday work. They are
our friends. Some of them,
however, do us harm. So we
have friends and enemies
among insects, birds and
other animals.
In this book you will find
some interesting facts about
their life and habits.
THE LIFE
OF INSECTS
THE SPIDER1
Do you see the spider in the
picture? It has just done its web;
and there it sits in the middle
of it.
The spider is a little creature.
Its body is divided in two.1 2 It has
four pairs of legs and eight little eyes.
The spider loves work. It begins to work as
soon as it begins to live. Every spider is a weaver.
Even the youngest spider knows how to weave
its web just as well as the oldest.
The silk of which it makes its web comes from
its body. It is like hairs.3 Many of these hairs
come out at the same time, but then they are all form-
ed into 4 one rope of silk. It is so thin that a hun-
dred of them together are only as thick as a
human hair.
1 spider ['spaido] — паук
2 is divided in two — разделено на две части
8 It is like hairs. — Он похож на волоски. (Существи-
тельное hair в ед. числе значит «волосы», во множ, числе —
«отдельные волоски».)
4 they аге all formed into — все они сплетаются в
7
First the spider fastens one end of the silk
thread to a leaf or to a piece of wood; then it goes
and fastens the other end.
When the spider fastens both ends, it can run
down the silk and fix some more threads. These
are the cross ropes of the web. Then it weaves
other lines round them, and makes about twenty
rings.
All this beautiful silk comes from the spider’s
body. The spider works hard and fast, and it
finishes its work in less than an hour. The web
is then so strong that the wind cannot blow it
away, and the rain cannot break it. The purpose
of the spider’s web is to catch insects, which are
its food.
Insects cannot walk or fly out of the web,
because the spider covers it all with a sort of stuff
like glue, which sticks to anything that touches
the web 1 and holds it fast.
Not all the spiders have the same sort of work
to do.
Some spiders are masons. They build houses
the size of 1 2 a big thimble. They make doors in
them, which they shut after them when they go
in. They can even fasten the door of the house
from the inside, so that no robber can get in.
The garden spider lets its threads float in the
air 3 till they stick to plants or to the branches
of trees. It then uses these threads as the roads
or bridges to cross from one place to another.
1 to anything that touches ['tAtJiz] the web — ко всему,
что прикасается к паутине
2 the size of — размером с
8 lets its threads float in the air — пускает паутинки ле-
тать по воздуху
8
Questions:
1.	What does the spider look like? 1
2.	What is every spider, when it is born?
3.	How does it weave its web?
4.	How does the spider work?
5.	Is the web strong?
6.	Why can’t the insects walk or fly out of it?
7.	What do the mason spiders build?
8.	How does the garden spider cross from one place to
another?
THE SHOW IN THE GARDEN
One evening about six o’clock the children’s
father came into the house and said, “Well,1 2 Jack
and Mary,3 do you want to see a wonderful show?”
“A show!” the children cried at once. “Are
we going to town?”
“No, indeed!4 We needn’t go to town 5 to see
this show. It has come to us.” The father smiled
as he led the way out of the house 6 to a bench
in the garden. “Now look and see if you can find
my show,” said their father.
The children looked where he pointed and
there, on the back of the bench, they saw a spi-
1 What does the spider look like? — Как выглядит
паук?
2 well — здесь: ну
3 Jack чит. [djaek]; Магу чит. ['mean]
4 No, indeed! — здесь: Совсем нет!
6 we needn’t go to town — незачем ехать в город
6 led the way out of the house — повел (детей) из дома
9
der. She began to make her web. She spun out
a long line which caught not far away on another
part of the bench.1
Mrs. Spider 1 2 ran quickly across this little
bridge and fastened it at the other side.
Now she spun other threads and fastened them
all at the centre. They looked like the spokes
of a wheel.
Then she began at the centre and worked round
and round.
At the edge she stopped.
“Has she finished the web?” asked Jack.
“Wait and see,” his father answered. “And
then you will find that she has not.”
Soon Mrs. Spider went to work again. She
started at the outside and went round and round
towards the centre. Just as she reached the centre,
a fly got into the web. At once Mrs. Spider ran
to the fly and began to wrap it round and round
with silk. Then she went back to the centre of
the web.
“That must be her breakfast,” said Mary.
“I don’t see why the spider doesn’t get stuck
in her own threads,”3 Jack said as he looked at
the beautiful web.
“Come here, and I shall show you,” his father
answered. “Feel this thread that goes round and
round.”
1 caught... on another part of the bench — зацепилась...
за скамейку в другом месте
2 Mrs. f'misiz] Spider — шутл. госпожа Паучиха
(здесь существительному spider соответствует местоимение
she)
’ doesn’t get stuck in her own threads — не запутывается
в собственной паутине
10
Jack touched it with his finger and so did
Mary.1 The thread clung to their fingers.
“Now touch this one,” and he pointed to one
of the threads which ran across the web from the
centre to the outside. The children touched it
and found to their surprise that it was not sticky
at all.
“You see,” said their father, “Mrs. Spider is
very wise. She uses two kinds of thread in her
web. She makes sticky threads to catch her food,
and cross threads for her to walk on.1 2 They are
quite dry.”
It was almost dark when the children went
back to the house. Jack said, “I have seen many
spider-webs but never before have I seen a spider
make it 3 and I did not know about the two kinds
of thread in web.”
THE SPIDER AND THE FLY
“Will you walk into my parlour?"
Said the Spider to the Fly.
“’Tis 4 the prettiest little parlour
That ever you did spy.5
1 and so did Mary — и Мэри тоже (потрогала)
2 for her to walk on — чтобы ходить по ним самой
3 never before have I seen a spider make it — я никогда
раньше не видел, как паук плетет ее
4 ’tis = it is
5 that ever you did spy — которую вы когда-либо ви-
дели (глагол did употреблен здесь в утвердительном пред-
ложении для усиления его смысла)
11
The way into my parlour
Is up a winding stair,
And I have many interesting things
To show you when you are there!”
“Oh no, no," said the little Fly,
“To ask me is in vain,1
For who goes up your winding stair
Can never come down again.”
1 in vain — напрасно
1
THE LIFE OF A FL Y 1
What becomes of the flies in winter?
They do not hide in corners, or sleep all
winter, as some animals do. All, except very
few of them, die when the cold weather
comes.
Then where do all the flies come from
in summer?
Before the flies die, they lay their
eggs in some out-of-the-way place,4 where
they remain during the winter months.
When the warm weather comes, the little
creature gets out of the egg, but it is not
a fly, It is a little white worm — a maggot.
This worm finds much food near, as the
mother fly laid the egg in a place where
the little one 3 could find food. It begins
1	fly [flai] — муха
2	in some out-of-the-way place — в каком-нибудь
укромном месте
3	little one = little worm (местоимение one часто
ставится, чтобы не повторять ранее упомянутое
существительное)
at once to eat. During the first days of its life
it eats twice its own weight of food,1 and as it
grows its appetite becomes greater. With such an
appetite it is not strange that the creature grows
quickly. After a time it stops to eat, and begins
to make a little case for itself, in which it shuts
itself up for a long sleep. At this stage it does
not see, and it does not move.
By and by,1 2 however, it wakes up, forces its
way out of the case 3 and comes out a fly with
eyes, feelers, wings and legs just like those of
its mother.4 * All the butterflies, moths and other
insects begin life in the same way.
Flies have a very good sight. When you look
at the eye of a fly through the microscope,
you see a great number of very small windows.
Each of these little windows is really an eye,
and there are about four thousand of them in
each big eye.
The feet of a fly are no less wonderful than
its eyes. With the help of its feet the fly can climb
up a rough 6 surface; it can also walk on the ceil-
ing overhead and does not fall. Do you know
why?
The fly has two sharp claws on each foot, which
help it to climb up a rough surface. Besides that,
the fly makes a kind of strong glue or cement
1 it eats twice its own weight of food — она съедает
в два раза больше пищи, чем весит сама
2 by and by — вскоре
3 it ... forces its way out of the case—она вылезает (выби-
рается) из оболочки
4 just like those of its mother — точно такие же, как
у ее матери (those заменяет перечисленные выше сущест-
вительные)
3 rough [гл!] — неровный, шероховатый
14
which wets the soles of its feet. That’s why 1 the
fly does not fall from the ceiling.
Sometimes the fly stays too long in one spot,
and the cement hardens so that it cannot lift its
foot. It must then break off its leg.
It even happens sometimes that the fly be-
comes a prisoner in this way 1 2 and stays there un-
til it dies.
Questions:
1.	What becomes of the flies in winter?
2.	How do all the flies begin their life in summer?
3.	What comes from the egg of a fly?
4.	What do we call the little white worm?
5.	What does the maggot do when it gets out of the egg?
6.	What do you know about the sight of a fly?
7.	What can you say about the eyes of a fly and about
its feet?
8.	Why does it not fall from the ceiling?
MISTER FLY
What a sharp little fellow 3 is Mister Fly,
He goes where he pleases, low or high,
And can walk just as well with his feet to the sky,
As I can on the floor;
At the window he comes
With a buzz and a roar,
And over the smooth glass
Can easily pass
Or through the keyhole of the door.
1 that’s (that is) why — вот почему
2 in this way — таким образом
3 what a sharp little fellow — что за ловкий малый
15
He eats the sugar and goes away,
Nor ever once asks 1 what he must pay;
And sometimes crosses the teapot’s steam,
And comes and plunges his head in the cream;
Then on the edge of the jug he stands,
And cleans his wings with his feet and hands.
This done,1 2 through the window he hurries away,
And gives a buzz, as if to say,3
“At present I haven’t a minute to stay,4
But I’ll peep in again in the course of the day."
Then again he’ll fly,
Where the sunbeams lie,
And neither stop to shake hands5
Nor say good-bye:
Such a strange little fellow is Mister Fly,
Who goes where he pleases, low or high,
And can walk on the ceiling
Without ever feeling
The fear of falling down from the sky!6
Memorize the Proverbs:
1.	To weave spider’s webs. —Плести паутину.
2.	A fly on the wheel.—Муха на колесе (человек,
сильно преувеличивающий свое значение, свои заслуги).
Сравните с русской пословицей: «Мы пахали».
3.	A fly in the ointment. — Муха в мази.
Сравните: «Ложка дегтя в бочке меда».
1 nor ever once asks — и ни разу не спрашивает
2 this done — сделал это
3 gives a buzz, as if to say — жужжит, словно говоря
4 I haven’t a minute to stay — я не могу задерживаться
ни на минуту
5 to shake hands — чтобы поздороваться
6 without ever feeling the fear of falling down from the
sky — совершенно не испытывая страха упасть с неба
16
THE GRASSHOPPER1
Very often when you walk along
a path in the meadow or in the garden
you can see a grasshopper who hops
into the air on your approach.1 2 It is
rather a large greenish insect. There
are long-horned and short-horned 3
grasshoppers.
Short-horned grasshoppers live on
the ground or near it. Long-horned
grasshoppers live in the leaves of trees.
They eat grass and leaves. A grass-
hopper has six legs. It uses its front
legs to hold the food. Its hind legs
are very long. It rubs them against
1 grasshopper ['gra-.shops] — кузнечик
2 on your approach [s'proutf] —
при вашем приближении
3 long-homed — с длинными / X
усиками, short-horned —	\f
с короткими усиками
its wings and thus makes a chirping sound
that you hear when you sit quietly on the grass.
The grasshopper likes to clean itself. It cleans
its hind legs by rubbing them together,1 and its
middle legs by licking them.1 2
The grasshopper is a model of cleanliness.
Questions:
1.	What kinds of grasshoppers do you know?
2.	Where do they live?
3.	What do they eat?
4.	How many legs has the grasshopper?
5.	How does it use its front legs?
6.	How does it use its hind legs?
7.	Does it like to clean itself?
8.	In what ways 3 does it clean itself?
THE GRASSHOPPER AND THE ANTS
Once there lived 4 a family of ants. They
lived on a hill and were always very busy, because
they had to do very much work, especially as
they had to store food for the winter.
In a field near by there lived a grasshopper.
He did not'work. He danced and sang all day long.5
He saw the ants hard at work® and said, “Why
do you work so hard?”
1 by rubbing them together — потирая их одна о дру-
гую
2 by licking them — облизывая их
3 in what ways — как, какими способами
4 once there lived — жила-была когда-то
6 all day long — весь день
* he saw the ants hard at work — он увидел, как усердно
трудятся муравьи
18
“We must work,” said the ants. “We must
get ready for the winter. We shall not find food
when the snow covers the ground.”
“I have never been hungry yet,” said the grass-
hopper.
“You will be hungry when winter comes,”
said the ants.
“Winter will not come so soon,” said the grass-
hopper and danced away.1
“Poor grasshopper!” said the ants; “he will
be sorry when it is too late."
By and by winter came. How cold the mornings
were! The long grass was stiff with frost. The
birds flew away to warm countries.
The ants ran into their house and shut the
doors. It was warm in their house. But where was
the poor grasshopper? He had no home. He could
find nothing to eat. The ground was white with
snow. His legs were stiff with cold. He could not
dance any more. He went to the ants’ house.
“Please give me some food, dear ants,” he said.
“ I am very hungry.”
The ants gave the poor grasshopper some food.
But they could not keep him in their house. He
was too big, and their doors were narrow. There
was no room 2 in their house for a grasshopper.
He went out into the cold, and the ants never
saw him again.
Memorize the Proverb:
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. —
Никогда не откладывай на завтра то, что можешь сделать
сегодня.
1 and danced away — и, пританцовывая, ускакал
г room — здесь: место
о»
19
THE LITTLE GRASSHOPPER
There was a little grasshopper
Always on the jump; 1
And, as he never looked ahead,
He often got a bump.1 2
His mother said to him one day,
As they were in the stubble,
“If you don’t look before you leap,
You’ll get yourself in trouble.” 3
This silly little grasshopper
Did not listen to his mother,
And said he knew what best to do,
And asked her not to bother.
He hurried off across the fields —
An unknown path he took —
When, oh! he gave a heedless jump,
And fell down in a brook.
He struggles hard to reach the bank —
A floating straw he seizes —
When quick a hungry trout comes out,
And tears him all to pieces.4
The Moral
Good little boys and girls, heed well
Your mother’s wise advice:
Before you move, look carefully,
Before you speak, think twice.
1 always on the jump — всегда готовый к прыжку
2 got a bump — стукался (обо что-нибудь)
8 you’ll get yourself in trouble [trAbl] — ты попадешь
в беду
4 tears him all to pieces — разрывает его на мелкие
кусочки
20
THE CRICKET’S1 SCHOOL
Once there was a fat old cricket who had a very
good opinion of himself. He had such a big body
and chirped so loudly, that no one could forget
where he lived. He was a very good cricket, and
was always ready to say pleasant things to every-
body. But he had one bad habit, he liked to boast.
He often talked about the wonderful things that
he had seen and done,1 2 when he was quite young
and lived near the white house. When he was
telling these stories, \the big crickets who heard
him seldom said a word. They just sat and looked
at one another. But the little crickets loved to listen
to him, and they often came to the door of his
house, which was a hole in the ground, and asked
him to tell them a story. One evening the old
cricket said, “I shall teach you a few things
which all the crickets must know.’’ Then he told
them to stand in a row, and this is what he
said:3
“With what part of your bodies do you run
and leap?"
“With our legs,” they cried.
“Do you do anything else with your legs?" he
asked.
“We clean ourselves with them," said one.
“We use them and our mouths to make houses
in the ground,” said another.
“Oh yes, and we hear with our two front legs,”
cried one clever little cricket.
1 cricket ['knkitj — сверчок
2 that he had seen and done — которые он повидал и
совершил
3 this is what he said — вот что он сказал
21
“That is right,” answered the fat old cricket.
“Most creatures hear with things called ears,1
that grow on the sides of their heads, but I think
it is much better to hear with legs, as we do.”
“Why,* 1 2 how strange it must be not to hear
with legsl” cried all the little crickets together.
“There are very many strange things in the
great world," said their teacher. “I have seen some
big, big creatures with only two legs and no wings
whatever.” 3
“Oh, we are sorry for them!” cried the little
crickets. “We do not see how they could move about
at all.”
“It must be very hard,” said the big cricket.
Then he spread out his own wings and stretched
his six legs. He wanted to show that he could
walk or fly better than anybody.
“But how can they sing if they have no wings?”
asked the clever little cricket.
“They sing through their mouths, in much the
same ways 4 * as the birds,” the big cricket said.
“I am sure it must be much easier to sing by
rubbing wings together,6 as we do. ”
“I could tell you many interesting things about
these creatures with two legs,” he continued,
“for I have seen the houses in which they live.
Then I have seen other large creatures with four
legs. They are terrible, but, my children, I was
1 called ears — которые называются ушами
1 why — здесь восклицание, выражающее изумление:
ой!
d with... no wings whatever — совершенно без кры-
льев
4 in much the same ways — почти так же
4 by rubbing wings together — потирая крылья друг
о друга
22
never afraid of them. I am one of the brave people,
who never get frightened. I hope, children, that
you will always be brave, like me. If anything
frightens you, do not jump or run away. Stay
just where you are, and--------”
But the little crickets never heard the rest
of what their teacher had to say,1 for at that mo-
ment a cow came through the fence towards the
place where the crickets were sitting together.
The teacher gave one “chirp" and hurried down
his hole as fast as he could. The little crickets
fell over one another in their hurry to get away.
After that the fat old cricket never talked
to them about bravery.
Memorize the Proverb:
Between saying and doing there is a long road. — Между
словом и делом длинный путь.
Сравните: «От слова до дела сто перегонов».
Questions:
1.	What is a cricket?
2.	Have you ever seen one?
3.	How can you tell that there are crickets in a field?
4.	What can you say about this cricket?
5.	What did he like to talk about?
6.	Whom did he like to teach?
7.	Why didn’t the other big crickets say anything when
they heard his stories?
8.	What do crickets do with their legs?
9.	What seemed strange to the little crickets? 1 2
1 never heard the rest of what their teacher had to
say — так и не услышали конца того, что хотел сказать
их учитель
2 gave one “chirp" — пискнул
23
10.	Was the old cricket really brave?
11.	Why didn’t the cricket finish his last sentence?
12.	Why were the little crickets in such a hurry?
MARY AND THE CRICKET
“Good night, dear Mary,” I softly said,
And put her in her little bed.
“Good night, Mamma,” she said to me,
“I am just as sleepy as I can be.” 1
But when I closed the chamber door,
Her low voice called me out once more.
“Mamma,” she said, “what is it I hear?
That strange little noise, so sharp and queer?”
I listened, then told her all was still,
Besides a cricket chirping shrill; 1 2
“He is over the floor here,
To sing you to sleep,3 my Mary dear.”
“Poor little fellow! 4 He wants to speak
And all he can say is ‘Creak, creak, creak!’
I wish to tell him I hear his song,
And ask him to sing it all night long.’”
1 I am just as sleepy as I can be — я очень-очень хочу
спать
2 besides a cricket chirping shrill — только сверчок
резко стрекочет
3 to sing you to sleep — чтобы убаюкать тебя
* Poor little fellow! — Бедняжка!
6 all night long — всю ночь напролет
THE D RAGON-FLY 1
At one end of the little pond in
the meadow there grew a bush. One
morning as Kitty 2 was passing it, she
saw a strange-looking insect. It was
hanging to one of the long green leaves.
It had rings upon its body, its legs
were long, and its eyes were big and
round. “What can it be?” thought Kit-
ty. She went a little nearer, and then
she saw that it was not an insect at
all, but only a skin. There was an
opening in the back and the skin
was quite empty. “I wonder what came
out of it,” she said to herself.
Very soon she got the answer to her
question. Not far away she saw another
1 dragon-fly ['draeganflai] — стрекоза
2 Kitty чит. ['kiti]
skin, but this one was not empty. As Kitty
looked at it, a little crack appeared in its back.
The crack grew bigger and bigger and soon Kitty
saw a green body which came out of the opening.
“Oh, it is a dragon-fly!” she cried.
It was true. Kitty stood still and watched the
dragon-fly.
For some time the dragon-fly remained on the
leaf beside its old skin. At first its wings were
very small, but by and by they became larger and
shone with all the colours of the rainbow. They
were still wet, and the poor dragon-fly looked
quite helpless. It could not walk about upon its
long legs, and its wings were not yet stiff enough
to fly.
Other dragon-flies were flying about over the
pond. “How glad they must be to get out 1 of
those old skins and fly about in the sunshine,”
Kitty thought. When she came home, she told
her brother Jack what she had seen near the pond.
Jack was very much interested and the children
went back to the pond together to see the dragon-
flies.
“One of our books says that dragon-flies live
in the water at first,” said Jack. “Their eggs hatch
into 1 2 those queer insects that you saw, and they
live in the water until their wings grow.”
When the children came to the pond Kitty
showed Jack the empty skins. Beside one there
was a dragon-fly, which was drying its wings.
“What big eyes they have!” said Kitty. “I think
the other insects are afraid of them.”
1 how glad they must be to get out — как они, наверное,
рады, что выбрались
2 their eggs hatch into — из их яиц выводятся
26
“Of course they are,” 1 answered Jack. “Drag-
on-flies can see all around them. It is a good
thing for us that they can see so well, because
they catch many mosquitoes.” 2
“I have seen very many old dragon-flies, but
I never knew they lived in the water when they
were young,” said Kitty. “How clever you are,
Jack! You know so many interesting things about
dragon-flies!”
Questions:
1.	What did Kitty see near the pond one day?
2.	What came out of the skin?
8.	What did the dragon-fly look like at first?
4.	Could it fly at once?
5.	What can you say about the eyes of a dragon-fly?
6.	Where do dragon-flies live when they are little?
A Game of Synonyms
A synonym for a word is another word that
has the same or nearly the same meaning. For
example, the synonym for big is large.
Find a synonym for each word in Column
A among the words	in	Column B. Do the same
with Columns C and	D.	
A	В		C	D
little	reply		big	near
happy	small strange	glad answer	grow become	queer	beautiful	go until	handsome walk	large beside	till
1 they are = they are afraid of them
8 mosquitoes [ma'skiitouz] — комары, москиты
27
Riddles
The insect that weaves a web is a
... dragon-fly
... grasshopper
... spider
The insect that can walk on the ceiling overhead and does
not fall is a ...
... cricket
... fly
... spider
The insect that can jump very high is a ...
... dragon-fly
... grasshopper
... fly
The insect that makes a chirping sound is a ...
... spider
... dragon-fly
... cricket
0 F
N THE WORLD
CATERPILLARS1
going to tell you about a little
who lived on a tree-branch and
We are
caterpillar
ate the leaves. It ate so much and it grew sc
fast that it changed its skin four times and
grew 1 2 four new coats.
First there was a tiny egg, no larger than
the head of a pin. Now there was a cater-
pillar, who was two inches long.3 Its greenish-
yellow coat was smooth and shone in the
sunlight. From its back there rose pairs of
black threads.
By and by the caterpillar became so
large and so heavy that it could not move.
It looked around for a place where it could go
to sleep. Then it spun itself a little cocoon
of silk and hung upside down with its head.
As it hung on the branch its skin changed
once more. The old skin dropped to the

1 caterpillar ['kaetapila] — гусеница
2 grew — здесь: отрастила
8 was two inches long — была длиной
в два дюйма (дюйм — англ, мера длины,
2Уг см)
ground. The new skin was green. The caterpillar
had changed into a chrysalis.1
Many days passed, and the chrysalis began
to shake from side to side. Something in it was
trying to get out. The chrysalis opened and a wet
insect with six legs got out. It had a long brown-
ish body, a dark head with two threadlike feelers,
which we call antennae,1 2 and two small patches
on its back. It dragged itself upon the empty
chrysalis and hung there. The warm sun shone
brightly upon it, the wind blew upon it, and its
body began to shrink.
Soon the little patches on its back were no
longer patches,3 they were wings.. The caterpillar
in the green chrysalis was no longer a caterpillar;
it was a beautiful butterfly.
Questions:
1.	What is the caterpillar’s food?
2.	What changes take place 4 in the caterpillar?
3.	What comes between a caterpillar and a butterfly?
4.	Does the chrysalis eat or drink?
5.	What does it change into?
THE TICKLE
“Who’s that tickling my back?" said the wall.
“Me,” said a small caterpillar. “I’m learning
to crawl."
1 chrysalis ['knsalis] — куколка
2 antennae [aen'teni:] — усики
8 were no longer patches — стали уже не пятныш-
ками
4 take place — происходят
30
THE CATERPILLAR
The caterpillar eats leaves
From the mulberry trees.
He’s a furry little creature
With two little reachers.1
I look at his furry back,
I see exclamation marks that are black.
Oh, he sleeps in a cocoon!
Will he wake up soon?
Yes, he’ll break the cocoon by and by
And off he’ll fly 4 — a butterfly. 1 2
1 reachers — здесь', щупальцы
2 and off he’ll fly — и улетит прочь
THE BUTTERFLY1
Look at this picture. Here is
a butterfly. It is flying from
flower to flower. How merry it is!
4 The butterfly is a very pretty insect.
Well, you won’t be sur-
prised to know 1 2 that this
beautiful little insect is not
born a butterfly.3 You have
read about it in the previous
story. At first it is a cater-
pillar, then a chrysalis and only
then a butterfly. And now you see
what pretty wings it has to fly
with!
Where do butterflies go in win-
ter when snow lies on the ground?
Did you ever think of that?
Under the snow blanket, hiding under stones
or logs, our butterflies lie sleeping. Very many
1 butterfly ['bAtaflai] — бабочка
2 you won’t (will not) be surprised to know — вы не
удивитесь, узнав
3 is not born a butterfly — не рождается бабочкой
32
butterflies hide themselves in hollow trees, where
they remain motionless all through the winter.1
Some of our butterflies spend the winter months
in the chrysalis from which they get out in the
first warm days of early spring.
Most interesting are those that live all winter
as very small caterpillars. They get out of the
eggs which the female butterflies laid in the late
summer. These creatures live without food five
or six months before they have anything to eat.
Questions:
1.	What is a butterfly?
2.	Is the butterfly born as a winged insect?
3.	What was a butterfly before it became a chrysalis?
4.	What could it do when it was a caterpillar?
5.	Where do butterflies go in winter?
THE BUTTERFLY AND THE BEE
Butterfly, butterfly, where are you going,
Over the garden where roses are growing,
Looking for blossoms as if to see
How to make sweets like the honey-bee?
Butterfly, butterfly, flitting and flying
Over the fields where the lambkins are lying,
What are you doing, working for me?
Can you make sweets like the busy bee?
Peter, my little boy, what are you saying?
Who ever heard of a busy bee playing?
You must be wiser, my darling, and try
To be more of a bee 1 2 than a butterfly.
1 all through the winter — в течение всей зимы
2 to be more of a bee — быть больше похожим на
пчелу
33
THE ANT1
In the forest or in the fields you can often see
small hills of earth and busy little insects which
are running up and down. These little insects are
ants, and it is very useful to stop and watch them.
Ants live in different places — in trees, in
sand; in the arctic lands and in the tropics; on moun-
tains and in deserts.
There are many kinds of ants in the world,
and they differ in colour, from brown, yellow,
red and white to black.
An ant has two strong jaws to dig soil or wood,
to cut up food, to carry about the eggs or the young.
The head of an ant is triangular,1 2 with two
large eyes and sometimes three more very small
eyes. These eyes have many parts, so the ant can
see everything that moves around it. Some of
these eyes see things near it, while others can see
things very far off in the distance.
The ant has six legs. Its antennae, or feelers,
have twelve or thirteen joints; with them the
ant finds its way in its underground home. The
homes of ants differ greatly. Some ants do not
1 ant [sent] — муравей
2 triangular [trai'aerjgjuls] — треугольный
34
build nests at all, but make use of hollows 1 under
stones or logs. Other ants are real carpenters and
architects. They build their little hills with leaves,
bits of wood, sand and earth. When the soil is
too dry, they bring water from a distance.2 Night
does not stop their work.
The ant-hills have many rooms and galleries.
Sometimes a hill has twenty storeys in its upper
part and even more under the ground. The ants
store food in many rooms at different levels. They
work very hard, but they like to play too. Some-
times they run up a grass stem and swing in the
warm sunlight, chase one another, or carry each
other about on their backs.
Of course these thousands of busy creatures
could never work so hard or play without food.
Their bes food is the milk of tiny plant lice, or
aphides,3 that live on the leaves or in the bark of
trees. They eat some other food too: insects, the
sap from leaves or flowers, grass seeds and flower
seeds.
The life of ants is not only work and play,
they must have rest too. But ants do not sleep
long. When they wake up, they stretch, and then
they begin to clean themselves. An ant uses its
tongue 1 as a cat uses hers 1 2 to clean itself.
Ants love their relatives and hate all strangers.
They have a most wonderful memory. When
an ant, which has been away 3 for a long time,
returns to its nest, the others recognize it and
show their greatest joy at its return. But if a strange
ant comes into their nest, the ants kill the stran-
ger at once.
Questions:
1.	Where do the ants live?
2.	What colour are the ants?
3.	What does an ant look like?
4.	What can you say about its eyes?
5.	How many legs has the ant?
6.	How do ants build their homes?
7.	How do they play?
8.	What food do they eat?
GIGINO4 BECOMES AN ANT
I
Gigino was a lazy little boy who did not like
to study at school. He wished to turn into an ant,
for he thought ants had nothing to do all day.
And one day his wish came true.5 It all happened
in a very strange way. Gigino remembered only
1 tongue [tArj] — язык
2 hers = her tongue
3 has been away — отсутствовал
4 Gigino чит. [dji'dji :nou] (итальянское имя)
6 came true — сбылось
36
that a little old man in spectacles and a green
coat appeared in his room just when Gigino was
saying, “I don’t want to study Latin grammar,
it is better to be an ant and study nothing." And
then there was darkness.
Gigino felt very strange. He could not under-
stand where he was. Suddenly something touched
his face.
“Somebody is kissing me,” he thought. “Well,
well!" he said. “What are you doing?"
“I am cleaning you up," answered a strange
tiny voice.
“What? with your tongue? I am not a cat.
May I know what I am? And what are you? And
where are we, both of us?"
“Wait a little," the voice answered. “You ask
so many questions, and you have just left your
cocoon. You are too young to understand things
and to ask questions. Wait a little. When time
conies, you will know everything."
Gigino was silent and did not ask any more
questions. He began to think. The wonderful
thing was that he could remember the past very
well. Although he saw nothing, he knew where
he was. “I am in an underground room,” he
thought. “There is a whole workshop of busy little
people about me. This is all very strange. Oh,
I know I am an ant now, and the one that spoke
to me 1 was an ant too, so we are in an ant
home,” he thought.
Gigino remembered the little old man in spec-
tacles, and suddenly fear seized him.
“And my sisters? What about them?” thought
Gigino. “Perhaps they are grasshoppers or butter-
1 the one that spoke to me — тот, кто говорил co мной
37
flies now. And mother? Poor mother! She is all
alone!” 1
Gigino was very sad. His wish had come true,
but he was not happy.
II
In a few moments, however, Gigino forgot his
sorrow. “I am an ant now,” he thought. “But 1 am
still Gigino, because I remember all these things.
I am a boy ant and I can do everything I want.
Some day, who knows —”
“You must be hungry,” 1 2 said the same tiny
voice. It was his friend the ant.
“Oh yes, a little,” answered Gigino.
“Take this, then,” said the ant and put a drop
of something sweet into his mouth.
“What is it?”
“Milk sirup.”
“It is very good,” said Gigino and licked his
lips.
But what a strange mouth he had! Instead
of teeth he had two large, strong jaws.
“Excuse me, please, I ask so many questions,”
he said to his friend, “but if ants eat nothing but3
this sirup, what do they chew with these strong
jaws?”
“Nothing; we do not chew with them."
“Don’t you? 4 And what are they for, then?"
1 all alone — совсем одна
2 you must be hungry — ты, наверное, голоден
8 but в отрицательных предложениях имеет значение
«кроме», «только»
* Don’t you? — Разве? Вот как?
38
“For the most part we work with our jaws.
Sometimes, however, we need them to protect
us against our enemies. In time 1 you, too, will
learn these things.”
Gigino could do nothing but twist his mouth.
When he was a boy he always did so when someone
said, “Study!”
The ant began once more to lick him.
“Stop, stop!” cried Gigino. “Excuse me, but
you are tickling me.”
The good ant laughed and said, “It’s natural.
I have touched the most sensitive part of your
body. I have touched your antennae.”
“My antennae! What .are they?”
“They are things you have in the middle of
your head. They are your feelers.”
“We call them horns,” Gigino said.
“Call them what you like,1 2 But they are not
horns. They are our organs of touch. They help us
to find our way, to give signals to our friends.”
“How wonderful!"
“And there is something else you must know.
At the end of the antennae there is our sense of
smell.”
“How strange!" said Gigino to himself.
“Without these feelers,” the ant went on, “we
could not live in this dark place.”
Ill
Now Gigino began to understand how it was
that, even though he could not see, he was able,
with the help of his antennae, to tell where he was.
1 in time — в свое время
2 what you like — как угодно
39
“I am sorry for one thing," he said rather sadly.
“And what is it?"
"That I have no eyes.”
The ant laughed, but said nothing.
And then, for the first time, Gigino thought
that he had to thank the ant for his kindness.
“Excuse me, please,” he said, “but what is
your name?”
“Fusca.” 1
“Excuse me, Fusca. You have told me so many
interesting things and I have not even thanked
you.”
“I have done no more than my duty.”1 2
“Your duty?”
“Certainly. I have done what you yourself
must do to the ants that are born after you.”
“How is this? I do not understand —”
“Everything will be clear to you after your
lessons.”
At the word “lessons” Gigino jumped back
with the help of all his six legs. What! He has
become an ant in order not to have lessons, and now
he must listen to all this talk about lessons again!
“Excuse me,” said he. “What did you say?”
“Tomorrow, when you go to your lessons, you
will learn many other things. You will hear about
our problems, our ideas.”
“Lessons! Problems! Ideas! Excuse me if I am
not polite,” said Gigino, “but perhaps there is
even a teacher of Latin grammar among you!”
The ant did not understand him and went
away.
1 Fusca чит. ['Глзкэ]
2 1 have done no more than my duty. — Я только ис-
полнил свой долг.
40
Poor Gigino! He was so unhappy! He found that
ants must study and work even harder than little
boys.
Memorize the Proverb:
What’s done cannot be undone. — Что сделано, того
не изменить.
Сравните: «Сделанного не воротишь».
THE LITTLE ANT
A little black ant found a large grain of wheat,
Too heavy to lift or to roll,
So he asked a neighbour he happened to meet,1
To help it down into his hole.
“I’ve got my own work to see after,” said he,
“You must do it yourself, if you please”; 2
So he crawled off, as selfish and angry as could be,
And lay down to sleep at his ease.3
1 a neighbour ['neiba] he happened to meet — соседа,
которого он случайно встретил
2 if you please — пожалуйста, будьте любезны
3 and lay down to sleep at his ease — и спокойно улегся
спать
41
Just then a black brother was passing the road.
And seeing his neighbour in want,1
Came up and helped him with his load,
For he was a good-natured ant.
Let all who this story may happen to hear,
Try to profit by it; 1 2
For often it happens that children appear
As angry as the ant every bit.3
And the good-natured ant who helped his
brother,
May teach those who must be taught,
That if little insects are kind to each other,
All children most certainly ought.4
Add a Word!
Read these words attentively, and add to them
one word of the same kind.
grasshopper	butterfly	—
polite	sensitive	—
tongue	jaw	—
lick	chew	—
two	six	—
everything	nothing	—
touch	forget	—
sadly	kindly	—
silent	sad	—
1 and seeing his neighbour in want — и видя, что его
сосед нуждается в помощи
2 let all... try to profit by it — пусть все... постараются
извлечь из нее пользу
3 as angry as the ant every bit — точь-в-точь такие же
сердитые, как этот муравей
4 all children most certainly ought [o:t] — всем детям
и подавно следует быть (добрыми)
42
THE WASP’S1 HOUSE OF MUD
One rainy day Jane and George 1 2 were playing
ball in the barn, when their ball hit against a grey
mass in the corner just under the roof. The grey
mass fell on the floor and broke into pieces. The
children went to look at it and found that it was
a nest. It was made of 3 mud, it was dry and hard.
There were many little cells in it, and ten or twelve
big brown spiders had fallen out of one of these
cells.
“It must be a spider’s nest, but I never knew
that spiders made nests of that kind,” said Jane.
“I didn’t either,” 4 said George.
“But lookl There are spiders in all these little
cells."
Just then their father came into the barn, and
they showed him the queer spider’s nest.
He laughed. “A spider did not make that,” he
said. “This is a wasp’s nest.”
“A wasp’s nestl” cried George. “But what are
all these spiders doing in it then?”
“Have you found anything else except spiders
in it?” asked his father.
George took up a piece of the mud nest and
shook out the spiders. Something which looked
like a little white worm fell out with them.
“There,”5 said the father; “the nest was made
for this little white grub, not for the spiders.
1 wasp [wosp] — oca
2 Jane чит. [djein], George чит. [djoidg]
8 was made of — было сделано из
4 I didn’t either ['aids] — и я тоже (не знал)
6 there — вот, видите
43
In time the grub' will change into a big
wasp.”
“I have seen those big wasps,” said George.
“They were flying around.”
“Did you know what they were doing?”
Jane and George did not know, so their father
went on: “Mrs. Wasp was gathering the mud for
her nest. After that she was getting all these
spiders to put into it. Then she put a tiny egg
into each cell and flew off.”
“But what are the spiders for?” asked Jane.
“They are for the young wasps to eat,” her
father answered. “These little white grubs must
grow and change into wasps with wings before
they can leave their mud house. They must have
plenty of food. Mother Wasp knew this, so she put
all these spiders into each cell for the baby wasps
to eat. When the wasps go, there will be no spi-
ders left in the nest.” 1
“There is another nest up there,” Jane said.
“Oh, yes!” answered her father. “You can easily
watch that nest and see when the wasps come out.”
Every day the children went to the barn to
look at the wasp’s nest, but it was a long time 1 2
before there was any change in it. Then one day
George found one of the cells open. 3 While the
children were looking at it, another cell opened,
and a blue wasp came out. Jane jumped back.
“I am afraid the wasp will sting me,” she
said. But George was not afraid. “Father says that
1 there will be no spiders left in the nest — в гнезде не
останется ни одного паука
2 it was a long time — прошло много времени
3 found one of the cells open — обнаружил, что одна
ячейка раскрылась
44
they will not hurt you if you let them alone,” 1 he
said.
All the cells were now open, so the children
took down the mud house and found that it was
empty. There were no spiders in it.
“I don’t like wasps,” said Jane, “but I am glad
we found out about them.” 1 2
Questions:
1.	What did the children find in the barn?
2.	What was the nest made of?
3.	What was there in the nest?
4.	Did they find anything except spiders in it?
5.	What was it?
6.	What were the spiders for?
7.	What did the children go to the barn for afterwards?
8.	What did they see one day?
Memo r ize the Following:
A wasp’s nest — осиное гнездо, скопище врагов.
A Game of Words
I can make wasp out of spaw.3
What can you make out of t n a?
Oh, I can make — out of t n a.
So can I. And p s i d r e will make —, too.
Here are s e c t i n. Can you tell what they will make?
Yes, they will make —.
Now will you tell me what 1 у f will make?
Certainly. They will make —.
1 if you let them alone — если ты их не будешь трогать
2 we found out about them — что мы о них узнали
3 Read each letter separately: ['es 'pi: 'ei '<1лЫ ju]
45
THE BEE1
Look at that bee on the flower.
See how it shakes its wings, and
works with its little feet. Ah! it is
off 2 to another flower. It is working
again! Now it is off to another! How busy
it is! It does not rest a minute in one place.
It has very much work to do. Do you see those
littlewooden houses, which have no windows,
only a very small door? They are the houses in
which the bees live. We call them hives. Very ma-
ny bees live in each hive. See how many are
going in!
When spring comes and the flowers begin io
bloom the bees come out of the hives very early in
the morning. They fly away and gather the sweet
juice of the flowers.
The bee has a long tongue which it pushes into
the flower to suck up the juice. Then it carries
the juice to the hive, and makes it into honey. 3 1 2
1 bee [bi:] — пчела
2 it is off — она полетела
8 makes it into honey ['Ьлш] — превращает его в мед
46
When the bee flies out in the morning to look for
honey, it visits not only the flowers that are
near at hand. 1 It goes very far from its hive, but
it never loses its way. When the rain comes on,
the bee hides in some little hole in a wall, or
perhaps among the leaves of a tree, or inside a large
flower. When the sun peeps out again, it flies
swiftly home.
Bees gather not only the juice but also the
golden dust from the inside of flowers. They carry
this dust home on their hind legs. They use it to
make bee-bread in the hive, as food for the young
bees.
They also use this dust to make wax; and with
the wax they build many little cells. They fill
those cells with the sweet honey. The little cells
with honey are called the honeycomb.1 2
But honey is not the only thing for which we
have to thank the busy little bee. We may thank
it for many things made of wax.
Questions:
1.	What do we call bees’ houses?
2.	What are they made of?
3.	What do the bees go out for in early spring?
4.	What does the bee suck up the juice with?
5.	How far does a bee go from its hive?
6.	What does it do when rain comes on?
7.	What do bees gather besides the juice?
8.	What do they do with it?
9.	What is the honeycomb?
1 near at hand — поблизости
2 are called the honeycomb ['Ьлшкоит] — называются
медовыми сотами
47
BEE SONG
I’m a little busy bee
Flying in the clover;
Here I go, there I go,
All the meadow over.1
Don’t you hear me singing so? 1 2
Zz-zz-zz.
I’m a little busy bee,
When the day is sunny,
Diving into flower cups,
Making wax and honey.
Don’t you hear me humming so?
Hm-mm-mm.
A CLEVER INSECT
“What a nice thing honey is!’’ said Tom, as he
was eating the honey which his uncle had sent
from the country. “But I do not like the bees which
make it, because they sting.’’
“Bees are very clever, and they work very
hard,” said his father. “When you know more
about them you will learn to like them, 3 Tom.”
“Have you ever looked into a hive, father, and
seen the bees at work?” asked Tom.
“Yes,” answered his father, “there are three
kinds of them: drones, workers and a queen. There is
but one4 queen in a hive. There are, perhaps, twenty
thousand workers, and one or two thousand drones.”
1 all the meadow [’medou] over— по всему лугу
2 Don’t you hear me singing so? — Разве ты не слышишь,
как я пою?
8 you will learn to like them — ты их полюбишь
4 but one — только одна
48
"Why do they call them1 drones,
father?” asked Tom. “I thought drones
were lazy people."
“Drones are lazy bees," said his
father, “and people are also called
drones when they are lazy. The drones
do not work. The queen does nothing
but lay eggs, and the workers gather
the honey."
“Do they make the honeycomb as
well?" 1 2 asked Tom.
“Yes," said his father; “and they
also make bee-bread, and nurse and
a queen
a worker
feed the baby bees."
“Ha! ha!" laughed Tom; “how do
they find time to do so many things?"
“They get up very early in the
morning,” said the father. “Now look
at this piece of honeycomb. See how
carefully it is made. 3 The little cells
are all of the same shape, six-sided.
Some are larger than others, and they a ^rone
use them to keep the young queen-bees
in. In some they store honey, in others
eggs; while the others are filled 4 with bee-bread.”
“Does the queen lay many eggs? And does she
take care of 5 the young bees?” asked Tom.
“She sometimes lays a hundred eggs an hour.
In three or four days little grubs are hatched 6 from
1 Why do they call them... ? — Почему их называют... ?
(They здесь — неопределённо-личное местоимение.)
2 as well — тоже
3 it is made — они (соты) сделаны
4 are filled — наполнены
6 to take care [кгэ] of — заботиться о
• are hatched — г.ылупляются
3 H. Л, Утевская
49
them; but the queen does not take care of them.
The workers look after them until, in a few days,
they change into bees."
“Then the workers do not all go out to gather
honey," said Tom.
“No,” answered his father. “Some stay at home
to nurse the little ones; some wait upon 1 the queen.
Others have to be soldiers and fight their enemies,
such as mice, snails, caterpillars, and robber bees,1 2
that come to steal. "
“So each bee has its own task," said Tom.
“Yes, you see how busy the bee is! Now, I think,
you will not say you don’t like this clever insect,"
said Tom’s father.
BUSY LITTLE BEE
“I’m busy, busy, busy,"
Said a busy little bee.
“For I’m collecting honey,
Don’t you see! 3
And to fill my little store
I shall need a little more,
So I’m busy, very busy,
Don’t you see!”
Memorize the Following:
1 A bee in the head. — Причуда, навязчивая идея.
2 In a bee line. — По прямой, кратчайшим путем.
3. As busy as a bee. — Трудолюбивый, как пчела.
1 to wait upon — прислуживать, находиться в распо
ряжении
2 robber bees — пчелы-воры
3 Don’t you see! — Разве вы не видите?
50
THE LIFE
OF BIRDS
THE SWALLOW1
This little bird is not more than six inches 1 2
long. Its bill is black; the upper part of the body
is black with some blue on the top of the head,
and the under part is white.
There are different kinds of swallows. Some
swallows make their homes in a sandy bank,
others build their nests in the inside of chimneys
and under the eaves of roofs.
They make their nests of mud, straw and grass
and line them with feathers.
Swallows make their nest several days. They
build a small bit of their house-wall every day,
and do it early in the morning, so that the sun may
dry it well before they go on.
1 swallow ['swolou] — ласточка
2 inch — дюйм (англ, мера длины, 2% см)
□3
The swallow lays five or six white eggs. The
mother bird sits upon them, and the father bird
watches by her side and feeds her. Swallows live
on insects, which they catch as they fly in
the air.
Swallows fly quickly and gracefully. They never
get tired. What is a thousand miles 1 to those
light and graceful birds, who can fly sixty miles
an hour?
Their feet are so formed 1 2 that they can only
with great difficulty rise from the ground, that is
why 3 you can seldom see swallows on the ground.
But the sky is their home, and they eat and drink
in the air.
You must not think that when swallows fly
over your head, they do not work. No! Life is
work to them. They work very much when their
young are hatched. 4 They eat very much and
the old birds are on the wing 5 from early morning
till late at night.
At last the young birds can fly well, but the
old swallows cannot rest. They begin at once to
think about their second family, for they have
two broods every season.
When the second brood are on the wing, it is
time * to think about their journey to warmer
countries. The nights grow long and cold, the leaves
are yellow, and there are not so many insects as
before.
1 mile — миля (англ, мера длины, 1609 м)
я are so formed — так устроены
3 that is why — вот почему
4 are hatched — выводятся
6 are on the wing — летают
3 it is time — пора
q4
Summer is over, and the swallows know they
must leave for warmer countries.
When spring comes, swallows return in great
flocks and then fly away again when winter is
near.
Questions:
1.	What does a swallow look like?
2.	Where do swallows build their nests?
3.	What is their food?
4.	How many miles can a swallow fly an hour?
5.	Can you often see swallows on the ground? Why not?
6.	How many broods do swallows have in one season?
7.	When do they leave for warmer countries?
THE SWALLOWS
The swallows are wheeling
About the sky,
So high!
“Swee-e-e! Swee-e-e!”
Is what they cry,
Then they flutter,
And swoop at a fly.
“We are here!
And summer is near!"
To me they cry.
THE SWALLOW S’ NEST
It was in the month of May. Ellen 1 lived in the
country. One day she saw some swallows near her
house. They were flying round it and chattering.
They were very busy. They were putting mouthfuls
1 Ellen чит. ['elm]
55
of soft mud on the wall just under the eaves of
the house. They were building a nest. The swallows
had already made a half,1 when the nest fell down.
They built it up again, the next day, but it fell
down once more. Ellen was very sorry for the little
birds. “Why can’t they finish their nest?” thought
she. But then she understood.
The door-bell of the house was very large. It
hung outside under the roof and the wire that
pulled it ran along 1 2 under the eaves. The swallows
wanted to build their nest just over the wire.
Now it happened that every time the visitors
pulled the bell, 3 it knocked the nest down.
The swallows tried to make it again, but in
vain. 4 At last they gave it up and flew away. “They
have flown to some other house,” thought Ellen.
But soon she saw the swallows again. They were
making a new nest. How glad Ellen was! And this
time, when the visitors came, the wire did not
knock the nest down.
Ellen took a long ladder and climbed up.
What did she see there?
The swallows managed to build the nest with a
hole in it. The wire ran through that hole and
did not touch the nest.
How clever the busy little swallows were! They
tried so hard to build their nest that at last they
thought of ’ the best plan.
1 had already made a half — уже наполовину по-
строили его
2 ran along — зЗесь: проходила
8 every time the visitors pulled the bell — всякий раз,
когда приходившие в дом звонили (букв, дергали звонок)
4 in vain [vein] — напрасно
6 thought of — придумали
66
Ellen was so pleased that she took all her
friends to that side of her house to show them the
wonderful nest.
Memorize the Proverb:
He who seeks finds, — Кто ищет, тот находит.
A Game of Antonyms
An antonym for a word is a word that has an
opposite meaning. For example, the antonym for
cold is hot.
Find an antonym for each word in Column
A among the words in Column B. Do with Columns C and D.			the same
A	В	C	D
clever	over	little	short
to take	far	busy	old
near	to give	long	to finish
to be sorry	foolish	new	free
under	to be glad	to begin	big
THE SPARROW1
Everyone knows the sparrow. In town or in
the country the little bird chirps and hops and
fights and picks up crumbs. The sparrow’s feathers
are light grey and brown. Sparrows build their
nests in almost any 1 2 place — under the eaves of
houses, in the old nests of swallows and magpies,
in gardens. They make their nests of straw, wool
and hair.
The mother bird lays her eggs, five or six in
a brood, and sometimes she has three broods a year.
The eggs are grey with thick spots of brown.
The sparrow has a shrill chirp and sometimes
it makes very much noise. It fights fiercely for
crumbs or seeds, and especially for nests. The
little bird is very bold, and very cunning. Although
sparrows often quarrel, they like company. They
like to bathe together and splash about in the
water till their coats get all wet. 3 They like a dust
bath as well.
1 sparrow ['spaerou] — воробей
2 any — здесь: любое
3 till their coats get all wet — пока их перышки не
промокнут насквозь
5§
The sparrow can stand 1 very cold weather,
and can live through the hardest winter.
Sparrows eat seeds, fruit, insects and caterpil-
lars, and they also like bread crumbs. They are
not afraid to hop and pick up crumbs almost from
under the people’s feet.
Questions:
1.	What does a sparrow look like?
2.	Where does it live?
3.	What can you say about its nest?
4.	How many broods have sparrows a year?
5.	Do sparrows often quarrel?
6.	What do they fight for?
7.	What is their food?
8.	Can sparrows stand the cold?
THE SPARROWS’ NEW-YEAR TREE
One morning Ann looked out of the window,
and saw very many little sparrows. They were
hopping about in the snow. It was winter, the first
days of January. The sparrows were trying to find
something to eat; and they looked hungry and cold.
Ann was a kind girl, and she felt very sorry
for the poor birds. Soon she thought of a plan to
help them. What do you think it was?
“Mother,”shesaid, “I want to make a New-Year
tree for the little birds.”
“How can you do it?” asked her mother.
“Oh, I shall take the little fir-tree you gave me
on New Year’s Day, and put it outside the window.
Then I’ll hang little baskets of bread on it for
the birds."
1 to stand — здесь: переносить
59
Her mother helped her to fasten
the tree just outside the window
and then Ann put her presents
for the sparrows on it.
At first the birds did not think
the tree could really be for them.
But by and by 1 two or three
sparrows hopped up to it. They looked at it for
a while, and then flew off and told the rest. 1 2
Soon there was quite a flock 3 of sparrows in
Ann’s tree. They chirped their thanks to Ann over
and over again 4 and wished her “A Happy New
Year."
Ann was very happy.
1 by and by — вскоре
2 told the rest — сообщили всем остальным
f quite a flock — целая стая
4 over and over again — много, много раз
60
Put in a Word!
Read these sentences and put in the right word.
1.	Ann looked out of the —, and saw very many little —.
2.	They were — and —.
3.	Ann thought of a plan to — the —.
4.	She took the — and put it — the window.
5.	Then she hung little — of bread on it for the —.
6.	Soon there was quite a flock of sparrows in-
7.	Ann was very —.
THE SPARROW
Hoppity, hop! goes the sparrow1
As over the lawn he comes,
Cocking a bright eye round him 1 2
And looking out for 3 crumbs.
“Here you are, 4 5 * 7 little sparrow!
A piece of cake for you.’’
He looks at it for a moment,
Wondering if it will do. 8
Then “Thank you!’’ chirps the sparrow,
“It’s the very thing I need’’ “ —
And off he flies ' to the house-top,
His family to feed.
1 hoppity, hop! goes the sparrow — прыг-скок — скачет
воробей
2 cocking a bright eye round him — кидая быстрые
взгляды по сторонам
3 looking out for — отыскивая
4 here you are — вот
5 wondering if it will do — размышляя, подойдет ли
ему это
8 it’s the very thing I need — это как раз то, что мне
нужно
7 off he flies — he flies off
6i
We may see doves in town and in the country.
They live in flocks of twenty or more. The doves
are about twelve inches long. They are usually
of an ash-grey colour.
Their bill is brown, their eyes are yellow, with
a red circle round them. Some people find doves
very pretty.
The wood dove makes its nest of sticks in a high
tree. Here it lays two eggs, and has only one brood
a year.
The note of the dove is very pleasant. It coos
in most gentle and sweet tones.
People often tame doves. We can see them in
large numbers in many places where they are fed. 1 2
Town doves use ledges of high buildings for their
nests. The doves remember their nests very well
1 dove [dAv] — голубь
2 where they are fed — где их кормят
62
and always come back, to them. People know it
and teach them to carry messages from one place
to another.
Questions:
1.	Where do doves live?
2.	What do they look like?
3.	Where do they make their nests?
4.	What can you say about the note of the dove?
5.	Do people often tame doves?
6.	What do they teach them to do?
THE DOVE AND THE BEE
Read this story and find out why the bee
stung the boy.
bad
up.
and
bee
One day a bee fell into the water. It was a
fall, 1 for the bee got wet and could not fly
She could not swim.
A dove saw it. She took a leaf in her beak
dropped it into the water near the bee. The
crawled upon the leaf and floated to land.
One day this dove was making a nest. She flew
here and there to get leaves and hay. A boy saw
the dove and thought, “I shall throw a stone at that
dove and kill her.” As he held up the stone, the
bee saw him and stung him on the hand. The boy
jumped up and dropped the stone.
So the dove flew away safe.
1 It was a bad fall — здесь:
это было ужасно

Memorize the Proverb:
One good turn deserves another. — Одна хорошая
услуга заслуживает другую.
Сравните: «Услуга за услугу», «Долг платежом кра-
сен».
Answer Quickly!
1.	Who fell into the water?
2.	Who saw it?
3.	What did the dove drop into the water?
4.	Who was going to kill the dove?
5.	How did the bee help the dove?
THE CROW1
Everybody knows this bird. It may be of black
and grey colour. The crow has a strong bill, which
is about the length of a man’s little finger. The
bill is covered 1 2 with hairs. Its foot has four toes,
three in front and one behind. The crow builds
its nest in early spring, in trees, or in holes of
rocks. The bird makes it of sticks.
The mother bird lays five or six bluish-green
eggs with brown spots. She sits upon them about
twenty days. The father bird watches by her side,
and feeds her.
Crows live on worms, insects, fish and berries.
They are clever and busy birds. But they are
thieves. They often steal a piece of money, a tea-
spoon, a ring, and carry it to their nest. It is very
easy to tame a crow. It becomes very friendly.
Questions:
1.	What colour is the crow?
2.	What can you say about its bill and about its feet?
3.	When does the crow build its nest?
1 crow [krou] — ворона
2 is covered ['kAvad] — покрыт
65
4.	Where does it build its nest?
5.	What does it make the nest of?
6.	What food does the crow eat?
7.	Can people easily tame the crow?
TOMMY AND THE CROWS
I
“I shall not goto school,” said Tommy. “I shall
stay in the fields today, and rest.”
So he lay down on the soft, green grass under
a tree, and threw his books and slate on the ground
by his side. It was one of the first days of May.
The sun was shining and the air was fresh and
sweet, as it always is in spring.
“I shall not go to school," said Tommy again.
“I do not like books and slates, I like green fields
and May flowers, and this grass is much softer
than our seats at school.”
Saying this he looked up into the tree and saw
two old crows. They were sitting near
their nest, which was very much like a
bundle of sticks.
Look at this lazy boy!” said one of
the crows. “He says he won’t go
to school.” And the birds began to
croak, “Caw, caw,” as if they were
laughing at Tommy.
“What! You do not like
to work?” said the crow again.
“Oh, you lazy boy! You are
worse than a bird! Do you
think I don’t work? Look at
my nest. What do you think
of it, boy?"
“I think it is a very nice one,
Mr. Crow,” said Tommy, “but I
don’t want to live in it.”
“That is because you are only a boy, and not
so wise as a crow,” said his new friend, and the other
crow croaked, “Caw, caw, caw!” as if it thought
so, too. “Do you know why a crow is wiser than
a silly boy?” asked the crow and looked at Tommy
with one bright black eye.
“No,” said Tommy, “I thought boys were wiser
than crows.”
“You thought,” said the crow. “What do you
know about it! Tell me — can you build a house?”
“No, but when I am a man I shall know how.”
“And why can’t you do it now?” said the crow
and looked at Tommy with the other eye.
“Why, I have never learned how to build one,"1
said the little boy.
“Ho! ho!” said the crow and flapped his wings.
“He must learn how to build a house! Here is a wise
boy!”4 Then the crows flapped their wings and
croaked, “Caw, caw, caw!” louder than before.
“No one has taught me to build my house,"
said the crow, when they were quiet again. “I just
knew how to do it, that’s all. Look at it —what 1 2
1 one = a house
2 Here is a wise boy! — Вот так умник!
67
a nice house it is! I brought all the sticks, I made it
myself. I flew through the air with the sticks
in my mouth. Some of them were very heavy,
but I do not mind hard work. I am not like you.”
“But there are other things in the world besides
houses," said Tommy.
“Yes, indeed," said the crow. “I was just think-
ing about it. You want clothes as well as a house,
don’t you?”1
“That I do,”1 2 said Tommy, “and new ones very
often. But you birds don’t wear clothes.”
“Who told you that?” said the crow in a sharp
tone. “Look at my black coat, if you please, and
tell me if you have seen a finer one. Could you
make yourself such a coat?"
“No,” said Tommy, “but I can learn how to
make one."
“Yes, yes, you can learn it; but that is the way
with you, silly boys3 — you must learn every-
thing, but you are very lazy.”
II
Tommy was very much ashamed.
“I never thought crows were so wise and clever, ”
he said to himself. The crow came down to a branch
a little nearer Tommy. “You may well say that,
my boy, but you must learn and learn yet.
How about your food? Who gives you food?”
“Why, mother does," said Tommy.
“You are a baby, then."
1 don’t you? — не правда ли?
2 that 1 do — это действительно так
3 that is the way with you, silly boys — так уж
гсегда у вас, глупых мальчишек
6S
“No, indeed, I am not,’’ said Tommy, “and
I shall throw a stone at you if you say I am.”
“Boys must never throw stones,” said the crow
angrily. “ We never throw stones. It is a very rude
trick. I only said you were a baby because, when
a crow can go alone, it finds its own food.”
“I shall do that when I am grown up,” said
Tommy. “I shall learn how.”
“You see,” said the crow, “boys have to learn
a lot of things before they are as wise as crows.”
“That is true,” said Tommy, “but there is much
time yet.”
“I am not so sure of that," said the crow. “Look
at yourself! You come here and lie on the grass
all day, when you don’t know so many things.
Go to school, lazy Tom! Go to school! Go to school!”
Many other crows had by this time found
their way to the tree, and they all took up the cry, 1
and made such a noise that Tommy picked up his
books to throw at them. But they all flew to the
higher branches where they croaked “Caw, caw,
caw!” till poor Tommy could stand it no longer.
He put his hand over his ears and ran off to school
as fast as he could. He was just in time, and that
day learned his lessons very well. His teacher said
he was a good boy and Tommy went home quite
happy.
Ill
As he passed by the tree he saw the old crow
again. He was looking very sad. “Come, come,"2
said Tommy; “don’t be angry with me, my old
friend. I was going to throw a stone at you this
1 took up the cry — подхватили этот крик
• come, come — здесь: ну, ну
69
morning, because I was angry myself. You have
taught me a good lesson, and we must be friends.”
But the crow looked as if he had never seen
Tommy before, and had never said a word in his
life.1 He fluttered his wings and flew slowly across
the fields to his friend in the woods.
Tommy watched the crow until he couldn’t
see him among the trees, and then went home.
He told his mother all about his talk with the crow,
but she said, “My dear boy, birds don’t talk. You
fell asleep while you were lying under the tree and
dreamed it all.” 1
But Tommy did not believe it. And now, when
he feels lazy, he says to himself, “Come, come,
Tommy, you must work hard; you are not yet
as wise as the old black crow.”
Memorize the Following:
An idler is a watch that wants both hands, 1 2 3
As useless when it goes, as when it stands.
WORK WHILE YOU WORK
Work while you work, 4
Play while you play,
This is the way
To be cheerful and gay.
1 as if he had never seen... and had never said a
word in his life — словно она (ворона) никогда не видела...
и ни разу в жизни не сказала ни слова
2 you... dreamed it all — тебе... все это приснилось
3 a watch that wants both hands — часы, которым не
хватает стрелок
4 work while you work — работать так работать
70
AH that you do,
Do with your might, 1
Things done by halves 1 2
Are never done right.
One thing each time,
And that done well, 3
Is a very good rule,
As many can tell.
Moments are useless,
When trifled away; 4
So work while you work
And play while you play.
A Rhyming Game
When two words sound alike we say that they
rhyme. Find a word in Column A that rhymes with
a word in Column B.
A	В
stay	grass
pass	thought
good	rest
nest	lay
true	flew
taught	food
pick	thing
stone	stick
wing	alone
1 with your might — изо всех сил
2 things done by halves are never done right — дело,
сделанное кое-как, всегда сделано плохо
3 one thing each time and that done well — делать вся-
кий раз что-нибудь одно, но делать хорошо
4 moments are useless when trilled away — минуты,
потраченные зря, бесполезны
71
THE MAGPIE1
This bird lives in many countries; but not in
those that are very cold or very warm. It is about
eighteen inches long. Its head, neck and breast
are black, but the under parts are snow-white.
Its bill is strong; its tail is very long. It is a beauti-
ful bird. The magpie feeds on small animals, in-
sects, worms and vegetables. It makes its nest
in trees. It builds its nest with great art.
The magpie covers all the upper part of its
nest with branches and leaves a hole in the side
to go in. The nest is the magpie’s castle, which
protects it from the attacks of other birds. The
magpie lines its nest with straw, wool and other
soft things. The nest is very cosy. The mother
bird lays seven or eight grey eggs there.
The magpie is bold and cunning. Sometimes
people tame the magpie and teach it to talk. It
can pronounce words and even short sentences.
Questions:
1.	Where do magpies live?
2.	What does a magpie look like?
1 magpie ['maegpai] — сорока
72
3	Is it a beautiful bird?
4.	What does it eat?
5.	Where does it make its nest?
6.	How does it build the nest?
7.	How many eggs does it lay?
8.	Do people tame magpies?
THE MAGPIE’S CLASS
Read the story and you will know why none
of the birds learned to build pretty, cosy nests.
I
A long, long time ago, there lived a bird 1
which always built pretty, cosy nests. This bird
was the magpie. All the other birds wanted to
know how to build good nests too.
At last the magpie said:
“Well, I shall teach you. At the next sunrise
meet me under the old oak-tree 1 2 near the barn.”
Just as the sun showed his bright face, all
the birds gathered under the oak-tree. The magpie
was already there. The thrush flapped his wings
and called:
“Good day, good day,
Please show the way.”
Then the bluebird said:
“Tir-a-lee, chee, chee, 3 ч
Will you please show me?”
1 there lived a bird — жила-была птица
2 meet me under the old oak-tree — прилетайте ко мне
под старый дуб
ч 3 tir-a-lee, chee, chee ['ta:ra'li:'tji:'tfi:] — подражание
свисту синицы (ниже во всех стихотворных репликах
первая строчка — звукоподражательная)
73
Then the magpie heard the starling’s soft whistle:
“Good, good, good,
I knew you could!
I knew you could!”
The owl said:
“Who, who, who
Can tell me what to do?”
The dove said:
“Two, two, two,
Tell me too!
Too, too, too!”
And the sparrow greeted them with a cheerful
“Chirp, chirp, chirp,
Get to work, 1
Get to work!”
II
The magpie told them to stand in a circle and
watch carefully all she did. Then she took some
mud and made it into a round cake.
1 get to work — принимайтесь за работу
74
“That is easy!” said the thrush. “I am sure I can
build a nest.” And she flew away. She did not
wait till the end of the lesson.
And from that day to this, thrushes have made
their nests mostly of mud.
Then the teacher put a few sticks on top of the
cake of mud.
“Who, who, who! I can do that,” said the owl,
and she flew away. And no owl since that day has
tried to make a better nest. She thought that was
enough.
And the magpie took more sticks and wound
them around the outside.
“Chirp, chirp, chirp, I shall work!” called the
sparrow. “I’ll go and try to make a nest just like
that.”
And to this day sparrows are pleased with very
untidy nests.
Then the magpie brought some straw and soft
feathers and lined the nest with great care.
The starling showed her delight by a sweet
whistle.
“Strawand feather, weave together,” she called.
And she flew away.
So all the birds learned something from the
magpie, but none of them stayed till the end of
the lesson. The last bird who stayed was the
dove, but she didn’t care what the teacher was
doing.
While the magpie was putting the last feather
in its place the dove sat on a branch of the oak-
tree and called:
“Two, two, two, take two!”
This made the magpie angry, of course, and
she said, "Only one, I tell you. Not two, only one,
I say.”
75
But the dove called, “Two, two, take two.”
Then the magpie got very angry and said, “I can-
not teach foolish birds like you.” And she dropped
the feather and flew away.
The magpie didn’t finish her lesson. “It is no
use 1 to teach birds who think they know every-
thing,” she said. And she never tried to teach them
again.
But the birds did not care. They all thought
that there was nothing more to know about nest
building. 1 2
That’s why since that day every bird has
built its nest in its own way. 3
Answer Quickly!
1.	Which of the birds could build pretty nests?
2.	At what time did the lesson begin?
3.	Which of the birds came first?
4.	How many birds came to the class?
5.	Which bird left the class first?
6.	Which bird stayed longest?
7.	How many kinds of things did the magpie use while
she was building her nest?
1 it is no use [ju:s] — бесполезно
2 there was nothing more to know about nest building—
они уже все знают (букв, больше нечего узнавать) о том,
как вить гнезда
3 in its own way — по-своему
THE SKYLARK1
Where does the song come from? We are sitting
on the green grass. There are no trees near us
where birds can sit. But we hear a song. Where can
the singer be?
Look up, look up! There is a skylark in the
air. It is so high that we can see it only as a dark
spot against 1 2 the white clouds.
Now it is coming down, down, down, and we can
look at it at last.
It is a little brown bird with a spotted breast,
and a little crest upon its head.
The skylark is not a beautiful bird, but it is
the only bird that sings when flying. 3 The sky-
lark begins to sing in spring and sings nearly all
the year round: 4 in spring, in summer and in
autumn. It sings in the air. It never sits in a tree.
Its claws are straight, and it can only run quickly
through the thick grass where it lives and builds
its nest. For a nest the skylark simply finds a hole
1 skylark ['skaila:k] — жаворонок
2 against [a'geinst] — здесь: на фоне
3 when flying — на лету
4 nearly all the year round — почти круглый год
П
in the ground and lines it with dry straw and
bits of grass. There it lays five or six eggs of a grey-
ish-brown colour with dark spots.
Its summer food is earthworms, but in winter
it lives on the flower seeds.
Questions:
1.	Where does the skylark sing?
2.	What is its colour?
3.	What has it on its head?
4.	Why does it not sit in trees?
5.	When does it begin to sing?
6.	During what seasons does it sing?
7.	What has it for a nest?
8.	How many eggs does it lay?
9.	What is its food in summer and in winter?
MRS. SKYLARK AND HER FAMILY
Mrs. Skylark made her nest in a large field of
corn, which was nearly ripe for the sickle.
“My dears,” said Mrs. Skylark to her little
ones one day, “I have to go out to get you some
dinner; but try to hear what the farmer says while
I am away.”
“Yes, mother,” said all the little larks.
“And tell me when I come home,” said Mrs.
Skylark.
So she went away. When she came back her
children hopped out to meet her.
“Oh, mother!” said they, “we have heard some-
thing.”
“Well, what was it?” asked Mrs. Skylark.
“The farmer said to his son, ‘This corn is ripe,
John, let us go and ask our neighbours to help
us to cut it.”’
78
“Was that all?” said Mrs. Skylark.
“Yes, mother, take us away or we shall have no
home. ”
“My dears, there is no danger yet,” said the
mother to the little larks, “if the farmer is going
to ask his neighbours, the corn will not be cut 1
tomorrow. ”
The next day Mrs. Skylark went out again and
said to her little larks, “My dears, try to hear what
the farmer will say today, and when I come home
tell me all you hear."
This time the little larks came out again to
meet their mother.
“Oh, mother, now we must go," they said.
“Why?" said the mother. “Did the farmer’s
friends come?”
“No, but he is going to ask his nephews to come
tomorrow."
“There is no danger yet,” said Mrs. Skylark,
“if the farmer asks his nephews, the work will
not be done 1 2 tomorrow."
In a few days, when the old skylark went out
again, she said, “My dears, I ask you to keep your
ears open 3 and try to hear what the farmer will
say. That corn cannot stand much longer.”
When she came home that day, her young ones
were terribly frightened.
“Oh, dear mother, please take us away,” said
the baby larks.
“What has happened today?" said Mrs. Skylark.
1 if the farmer is going... the corn will not be cut —
если крестьянин собирается... хлеб не начнут убирать
2 the work will not be done — работа не будет сделана
3 to keep your ears open — держать ухо востро {букв.
держать уши открытыми)
79
“Nobody came to help the farmer. We heard
the farmer say 1 to his son, ‘We must cut the
corn ourselves. So, John, get the sickles, and we
shall begin tomorrow!’”
“Now, indeed, we must go," said the old lark.
“I shall take you away tonight. This is not a safe
place for you. When a man decides to do his work
himself, it will be done."
Memorize the Proverb:
If you want a thing done, do it yourself. — Если хочешь,
чтобы дело было сделано, сделай его сам.
Сравните с русской поговоркой: «Свой глаз — алмаз».
THE LITTLE LARK
Hush! 1 2 3 don’t you hear 8 the bird
That’s singing in the sky?
No bird except the lark
Will fly so very high.
It left its little nest
When day was just begun, 4
And flew so high to say
Good morning to the sun.
“Good morning, shining sun,"
1 think the lark will say,
“I’m happy in my heart,
This fine warm summer day.
1 we heard the farmer say — мы слышали, как фермер
сказал
2 hush! — щ-ш! тише!
3 don’t you hear...? — разве вы не слышите...?
* was just begun — только начался
80
I’m very glad you’re here,
You make the world so light,
And all the trees and flowers
So beautiful and bright.
I’ll sing a merry song,
And then fly down to rest,
Or look for worms to feed
My young ones in the nest.”
The lark has done 1 its song,
And settled on the ground,
But we shall not forget
The sweet and happy sound.
A Game of Homophones
A homophone [ЪэтэГоип] of a word has the
same pronunciation as that word, but a different
spelling and a different meaning.
For example, the homophone for see is sea.
Find a homophone for each word in Column A among
the words in Column B. Do the same with Columns
C and D.
A	В	C	D
here	too	our	meat
sun	right	through	know
two	son	meet	buy
write	weak	by	hour
week	hear	no	threw
1 has done — кончил
4 H. Л. Утевекая
THE BLUEBIRD1
The bluebird is a song bird. It is not large.
Its front is yellow, its back is green, its cheeks
are white, and its head is blue.
The bluebird builds its nest in the hollow of
a tree and lines it with the softest things.
It lays from eight to'ten eggs.
Its young grow very quickly. They can fly
when they are two weeks old. After they have
left the nest, they do not come back to it, but
perch in the trees, and are always calling on each
other.
The bluebird sings early in the morning. Its
song is very pleasant to hear.
Questions:
1.	What does a bluebird look like?
2.	Where does it build its nest?
3.	How many eggs does it lay?
4.	What can you say about the young birds?
5.	Does the bluebird sing?
1 bluebird ['blu:ba:d] — синица
82
PETER AND THE BLUEBIRD
Peter lived with his mother and father in a
little house by the side of the road. There was a gar-
den at the back of the house with a big tree in the
middle. Peter liked to look out of the front window
of the house and see the motor cars that went
along the road. He liked to look out of the side
windows across the fields. But most of all he
liked to look out of the back windows and watch
the birds that came into the garden. They came
to look for the crumbs and pieces of bacon that
Peter put out 1 for them every morning.'
Peter knew the birds which came into the gar-
den every day. There were many little brown
sparrows, the friendly robin, the thrush, the black-
bird with its orange beak. One day Peter was
watching them when he saw a tiny bird, quite
unknown to him.' Its front was yellow, its
back was green, its cheeks were white, and its
head was blue. It hopped along the branch of
a big tree and sang “Tzee-tzee-tzee-tzee.” 1 2 Peter
ran off to find Mother and tell her about it.
“Mother,” said he, “there is a new little bird
in the garden.” Peter took his mother to the win-
dow and they both looked out.
“This is a bluebird,” said Mother. “I have
never seen one in our garden."
Peter and his mother watched the little blue-
bird. He was hungry, but every time he tried to
pick up 3 a piece of bacon one of the bigger birds
chased him away.
1 put out — ВЫНОСИЛ
2 tzee-tzee ['dzi: 'dzi: ] — подражание щебету синицы
8 every time he tried to pick up — каждый раз, когда
она (синичка) пыталась ухватить
4*	83
"Poor little bluebird," said Peter. “He is so
hungry and he can’t get anything to eat."
“Don’t be sorry for him,” said Mother, “we
shall make him a special 1 breakfast.”
Peter followed Mother into the kitchen. Mother
took a plate of meat and cut off a piece of fat.
Then she opened a drawer and took out a piece of
string. They tied the string round the piece of
fat and went into the garden.
The little bluebird sat in the big tree. He put
his head on one side and looked down at Mother
and Peter to see what they were doing.
Mother said, “We shall tie the end of the string
to make a big loop and then we shall hang the loop
on a tree branch.”
Mother made a loop in the string, and Peter put
the string over a good strong branch. Then they
went back into the house and waited. Very soon
the birds began to fly down from the trees to
eat up the crumbs. The little bluebird
from the top branch of the tree to the
one, and then to the one below that,
down again. Then he hopped along
branch with Peter’s piece of fat.
The bird jumped onto
string and hung on with his
and began to peck at the fat. He
was the only one who was small
enough, and quick enough, and
clever enough to hang onto the
string, so none of the other birds
could 1 2 chase him away and eat
flew
next
and
the
the
feet
1 special ['spefal] — здесь: особый
2 so none of the other birds could — так что
никакая другая птица не могла
his breakfast. The bluebird pecked at one side of
the fat, and then at the other. Then he jumped
up again and sang “Tzee-tzee-tzee-tzee-tzee,” as
loud as he could.
The bluebird was very happy and Peter was
happy too.
FIVE LITTLE CHICKADEES1
j J j| j | Ji Ji Ji Ji |
Five lit'-tle.chick-a-dees peep-ing; at-the door;
j J1! j j'i j л ~h
One. flew; a - way,, and then, there were, tour*
0 , bk— -————1—•—-——	----< ।
J r.| g
Chick-a-dee, chick-a-dee hap;-py, and gay,
7 |* I J Ji-p~ |-J-j |
Chick-a-dee, chick-a-dec, Пу a - way!
Four little chickadees
Sitting in a tree;
One flew away,
And then there were
three.
Three little chickadees
Looking at you;
One flew away,
And then there were
two.
Two little chickadees
Sitting in the sun;
One flew away,
And then there was
one.
One little chickadee
Left all alone;
He flew away,
And then there was
none.
1 chickadee ['tfika,di:] — американская черноголовая
синица
85
THE ROBIN1
All little boys and girls who live in the country
must have seen 2 a robin. And, yet, perhaps, when
you see one, you will not know it 3 from another
bird. But if you look carefully, you may notice
its black head and pretty red breast. And you
may hear the robin, too. It comes early in spring
and sings a soft sweet song,
when all the other birds are
silent.
1 robin ['robin] — малиновка
2 must have seen — должно
быть, видели
8 you will not know it — вы
не отличите ее
The robin builds its nest near the ground, by the
roots of trees. It picks up sticks, wool, and hair
and makes its little nest soft and warm. The
mother bird lays from five to nine eggs. They are
white with reddish spots.
The robin hops on the ground, picks up the
little worms, caterpillars, insects and then flies
quickly back to the nest to feed the young ones.
And the young birds stretch up their necks and
open their mouths, when their parents come to
feed them.
When the cherries are ripe, the robin and its
young ones fly to the cherry-trees and get some of
the fruit. The robin is a song bird. It sings in the
sunshine and in the rain.
Questions:
1.	What does a robin look like?
2.	When does it come to our country?
3.	Is it a sbng bird?
4.	When does it sing?
5.	Where does it build its nest?
6.	What does it make its nest of?
7.	What is the robin’s food?
LITTLE ROBIN REDBREAST
Little Robin Redbreast sat upon a tree,
Up went Pussy-cat, and down went he,
Down came Pussy-cat, away Robin ran,
Says little Robin Redbreast, “Catch me if you can.”
Little Robin Redbreast jumped upon a wall,
Pussy-cat jumped after him, and almost got a fall. 1
1 almost got a fall — чуть не свалилась
87
Little Robin chirped and sang, and what did
Pussy say?
Pussy-cat said, “Mew," and Robin flew away.
Do You Remember Their Names?
Here are some riddles about birds. Do you
remember their names? Think and answer.
This bird is not beautiful, but it is the only bird that
sings in the air. Sometimes it flies so high that we can hardly
see it, but we hear its song.
Do you know the name of this bird?
This bird is beautiful. The upper parts of its head,
neck and breast are black, and the under parts are snowy
white. Its tail is very long. It builds a wonderful nest. It
leaves a hole in the side to go in and out.
What is the name of the bird?
A Game of Words
These are twisted spellings.1 Can you spell
the words correctly? They are all names of birds.
owcr	ykslakr	arrspow
evod	allowsw	Ibeubrid
inbor	agmiep	dceehkcia
1 twisted spellings — перепутанное написание
THE BULLFI N CH’
The bullfinch lives with us all the year round.
It is a beautiful bird. The upper part of its head,
its wings and its tail are all black; the back is
of an ash-grey colour; the breast and the belly are
red. The bullfinch makes its nest in bushes. It lives
in woods, parks, or orchards where there are many
trees. The mother bird lays four or five eggs of a
bluish colour.
In spring and summer the bullfinch feeds on
the buds of trees. In autumn and winter it feeds
on wild fruits and on seeds. The note of the bullfinch
is soft and pleasant. People can easily tame the
bullfinch. It soon gets accustomed 1 2 to the life
in a cage. The bird is very fond of people who
take care of 3 it.
Questions:
1.	Does the bullfinch fly away in winter?
2.	What does it look like?
3.	Where does it make its nest?
4.	What is the bullfinch’s food in summer and in winter?
1 bullfinch ['bulfintf] — снегирь
2 gets accustomed [o'kAstomd] — привыкает
8 take care of — заботятся о
89
5.	What can you say about its note?
6.	Can people easily tame it?
poor little legs had
MARK THE BULLFINCH
Mark was a bullfinch. Nick met him 1 first
in a bird store one day. He was in a tiny cage,
hardly big enough for him to turn round in. He
had come a long way 1 2 in that cage. One of his
been broken 3 on the way.
As Nick stopped to look
at the bullfinch, the bird
hopped down on one leg.
The poor broken leg hung
helpless at his side. How
sorry Nick was for the poor
bird! The bullfinch began
to rub his feathers against
the side of the cage and
then whistled a merry tune.
Oh, this little bird was merry in spite of4
his broken leg! Nick bought him at once, he
liked him so much.
Nick did what he could for the poor bird’s
leg, and soon Mark could hold the perch with the
toes of his broken leg. Mark was as merry as a
cricket. He whistled and sang and was so cheerful.
Sometimes Nick left the door of Mark’s cage
open. Then the bullfinch hopped out on his only
leg and flew up on Nick’s head or shoulders. He
sat there, whistled his pretty tunes and rubbed
his feathers against Nick’s cheek.
1 met him — познакомился с ним
2 had come a long way — прибыл издалека
3 had been broken — была сломана
4 in spite of — несмотря на
90
Often Nick placed a seed between his lips;
how quickly Mark’s bright eyes found it! If Nick
placed the seed on his tongue and drew it back
into his mouth, Mark tried to put his little head
in after the seed.
He also liked to hop about and pick up all the
threads he could find on the floor and carry them
to Nick. His broken leg very often played him
sad tricks. Qne day it became tangled 1 in the
threads and the bird fell down. But soon Mark
was clever enough to get rid_of the threads.
Everybody loved Mark. He was such a merry
bird!
THE CHILD AND THE BIRD
“Little bird, little bird, come to me!
I have a pretty cage you can see;
Many bright flowers I’ll bring to you,
And fresh, ripe cherries, all wet with dew."
“Thanks, little girl, for all your care,
But I dearly love the clear, cool air;
And my cosy little nest in the old oak-tree
Is better than your pretty cage for me!”
“Little bird, little bird, where will you go
When all the fields are covered 1 2 with snow?
The ice will cover the old oak-tree;
Little bird, little bird, stay with me!”
“No, little girl, away I’ll fly
To greener fields and a warmer sky:
When spring comes back with cheerful rain,
My joyful song you will hear again.”
1 it became tangled — она запуталась
2 are covered — покроются
91
THE
CROSSBILL1
The crossbill is a gentle little bird. The feath-
ers of the bird are green, yellow and grey. It
lives in pine forests, as it feeds on the seeds of the
pine and the fir. The crossbill’s beak is very strong
and not like the beak 1 2 of any other bird. It ends
in two sharp points that are crossed over each other.3
This helps the bird to crack the fir cones and get
at the seeds.
The crossbill makes its nest in fir-trees. It likes
to climb quickly about the branches and often
hangs upside down for some minutes. The crossbill
makes its little home well. The walls are about
an inch thick. It makes them of pine twigs and
then lines the nest with feathers, soft grass and
fir-needles.
1 crossbill ['krosbil] — клест
2 is... not like the beak — не похож на клюв
3 are crossed over each other — перекрещиваются
92
There It lays three or four small greenish or
greyish-white spotted eggs. The crossbill is the
only bird that makes its nest in any season. For
a long time the young birds need much care and
attention from the parents, as their beaks are
not strong and they cannot open the cones and
get seeds for themselves. 1
After a while the parents teach them to work.
They begin to give them half-opened cones, and
soon the young crossbills learn to use their beaks.
Questions:
1.	What does a crossbill look like?
2.	Where does it live?
3.	What can you say about its beak?
4.	What is its food?
5.	Where does it make its nest?
6.	What does it make its nest of?
7.	When does it make its nest?
8.	Why do the young crossbills need much care and
attention?
9.	How do their parents teach them?
THE THREE LITTLE CROSSBILLS
Three little birds lived in a nest. Their names
were Tip, Rob and Dick. These little birds liked
to peep over the edge of the nest. The grass looked
like a green carpet. They could see flowers in the
grass.
“Are flowers good to eat?” Tip asked Mother
Crossbill.
“No, indeed,” 1 2 she said; “they are bitter.”
1 for themselves — самостоятельно
2 no, indeed — вот уж нет
93
“What do flowers do at night?” asked Rob.
“They go to sleep just as you do," said Mother
Crossbill.
These little birds liked to sit on the edge of
the nest.
“Do not sit on the edge of the nest,” said Father
Crossbill.
“You may fall down if you do," said Mother
Crossbill.
But Tip, Rob and Dick were not always good
little birds.
Sometimes when their Mother and Father were
away, they sat on the edge of the nest. They looked
down at the grass and the flowers.
“This is great fun!” 1 said Tip and waved his
short little tail.
“That it is!” said Rob and blinked his bright
little eyes.
“Indeed it is!" said Dick and fell off the edge of
the nest. He fell into the grass. Oh, how frightened
he was!
So were Tip and Rob. 1 2 They began to cry.
Their mother flew home, but she could not lift
Dick into the nest.
“Shall I have to stay here all night?” said he
in a frightened voice.
“I am afraid the cat will get you if you do,”
said his mother.
“Oh, dear! dear! what shall I do?” 3said poor
little Dick.
1 This is great fun! — Это очень забавно!
s So were Tip and Rob. — Тип и Роб тоже (перепуга-
лись).
3 Oh, dear!... what shall I do? — Ой-ой-ой, что мне де-
лать?
94
“Try to fly up into the nest,” said Mother.
So Dick tried again and again. At last he got on
the lowest branch of the tree. Then he flew from
one branch to another till he came to the nest.
“Oh!” said Rob, “isn’t he a brave bird?” 1
“Oh!" said Tip, “isn’t he a strong bird?"
“But,” said Mother, “wasn’t he a naughty bird
in the first place?" 1 2 3
“We were all naughty birds,” said the three
little crossbills together.
Dick said:
“I think to try
Is harder than to fly.
I am glad to be safe in the nest.
We shall wait till we are stronger,
It won’t be much longer; 8
I am sure that Mother knows best.”
WHAT DOES LITTLE BIRDIE SAY?
What does little birdie say
In her nest at peep of day?
“Let me fly,” says little birdie;
“Mother, let me fly away.”
“Birdie, rest a little longer,
Till the little wings are stronger.”
So she rests a little longer,
Then she flies away.
1 isn’t he a brave bird? — разве он не храбрый?
2 wasn’t he a naughty bird in the first place? — а разве
он сначала не был непослушным?
3 it won’t be much longer — теперь уже недолго (ждать)
95
What does little baby say
In her bed at peep of day?
Baby says, like little birdie,
“Let me rise and fly away!”
“Baby, sleep a little longer,
Till the little feet are stronger.”
If she sleeps a little longer,
Baby, too, will fly away.
Memorize the Proverbs:
1.	The early bird catches the worm. — Ранняя птичка
ловит червяка.
Сравните с русской пословицей: «Ранняя птичка носок
прочищает, а поздняя глаза продирает».
2.	One swallow does not make a summer. — Одна
ласточка не делает весны.
3.	You cannot catch old birds with chaff. — Нельзя
поймать старых птиц на мякину.
Сравните: «Старого воробья на мякине не проведешь».
4.	A little bird told me. — Мне сказала маленькая
птичка.
Сравните: «Сорока на хвосте принесла», «Слухом земля
полнится».
5.	A bird may be known by its song. — Птицу можно
узнать по ее песне.
Сравните с русской пословицей: «Видна птица по по-
лету».
6.	То give a lark to catch a kite. — Отдать жаворонка,
поймать коршуна.
Сравните: «Променять кукушку на ястреба».
7.	If the sky falls, we shall catch larks. — Если небо
упадет, мы будем ловить жаворонков.
Сравните: «Если бы да кабы во рту бы выросли грибы».
THE WOODPECKER1
Stop! Look at the trunk of that tree! Do you
see that bird? Let us watch it for a few minutes.
Listen! Do you hear a noise — peck, peck? Can
you tell where the noise comes from, and who
makes it? Yes, it’s the bird! It is striking its bill
against the tree. Tap, tap, tap — the sounds
come quickly one after another.
Do you know why the bird pecks the tree in
that way? Can it be in play? 1 2 Look! It is trying
to make a hole in the tree.
That bird is a woodpecker. It is a big bird
with a beautiful coat, black, white and bright
red.
Look at its straight bill. How quickly the
woodpecker cuts away the bark and the wood
with it! The bill of this bird is sharp and hard
enough to make a hole in any tree.
The woodpecker feeds on insects and small
worms, and the kinds he likes best live in trees.
Sometimes they are in the bark, and sometimes in
the hard wood. These insects do great harm to
1 woodpecker ['wudpeka] — дятел
2 Can it be in play? — Может быть, это игра?
97
the trees. The woodpecker also likes ants, and
you may often see it on the ground near ant-hills.
It puts its tongue into the holes of the ant-hills
and the insects come out in great numbers.
The woodpecker has a very long tongue, which
ends in little hooks. The bird can throw its tongue
out three or four inches beyond the end of its bill.
Its strong thick bill makes little holes in the trunk
of the trees and out of these holes it gets the sap.
The woodpecker can run up and down and hop
about the trunks of trees, as easily as other birds
can do it on the branches. How can it do this?
Look at its feet! It has two toes in front and two
behind, and they are large and strong and the
claws are as sharp as a cat’s. 1 This helps the
woodpecker to hold firmly to the trees. Wood-
peckers, and all other birds who have the same
kind of feet, are called 1 2 climbers.
Look, also, at the tail of the woodpecker! It
is not long, but the ends of the feathers are sharp
enough to fasten the tail to the tree.
The woodpecker does not make a nest like other
birds. With its bill it digs a hole in a tree, which
is a nest for it. There the mother bird lays five
or six eggs of a white colour.
Questions:
1.	Have you ever seen a woodpecker? When was it?
2.	What does the woodpecker look like?
3.	What can you say about its bill, tongue, feet and
tail?
4.	What food does it eat?
5.	Where does it find insects?
6.	How does it make its nest?
1 a cat’s = a cat’s claws
2 are called — называются
98
HOW MR. WOODPECKER
DROVE BOBBY1 SQUIRREL
AWAY F R О M THE OAK-TREE
One day as Bobby Squirrel sat
near his home, his bright eyes saw
a hole in an apple-tree. He wanted
to see what was in the hole, so he
went straight to it and pushed his
head in. He was very much surprised
at what he saw. In the hole there
were four baby birds, but Bobby did
not know they were birds. They had
no feathers and their mouths were
very big. Bobby thought that they
were ugly. Suddenly he heard a shrill
cry and felt something sharp upon
his back. He drew his head back in
a hurry and ran to his home. Here
he stayed for some time.
Then he went to his door again and
looked out. As all was quiet in the
garden, Bobby became quite bold.
He decided to know more about this
family in the apple-tree. He went
to a near-by tree, sat on a long
branch and waited. He did not have
to wait long. Soon he saw a head in
the hole and a moment later a black-
and-white bird flew out. “Ho, ho!”
thought Bobby Squirrel. “That is
1 Bobby ['bobi] Squirrel — бельчонок
Бобби
only Mr. Woodpecker, I am not afraid of him.
I think I shall go and look into that hole again.”
After that Bobby Squirrel went there every
day and looked in at the woodpecker’s nest, but
he could never get into the hole.
Sometimes Father or Mother Woodpecker came
back and saw him at their door. Then Bobby had
to leave the tree as quickly as he could, for he
knew that their bills were long and sharp.
About a week after Bobby Squirrel’s first
visit to the home of the woodpeckers he awoke
and heard that somebody tapped outside his door.
Bobby opened one eye and listened. All was quiet,
and Bobby was just falling asleep again when
there came another tap, tap, tap upon the tree
trunk. Bobby Squirrel grew angry 1 and ran out
to see what it was.
Father Woodpecker was near his door! His
strong bill made tap, tap, tap. “Go away!” cried
Bobby Squirrel. “Why are you making such a noise?"
But Father Woodpecker continued to tap upon
the tree trunk.
Though Bobby Squirrel was very angry he
could do nothing. Every day Father Woodpecker
came and tapped on his tree. Bobby had no rest,
and at last he could not stand it any longer 1 2 and
left the hole in the oak-tree. He had to find a new
home in the woods.
Now all was quiet in the garden. The wood-
peckers did not find Bobby Squirrel at their nest
when they came home, and Father Woodpecker
did not tap on the oak-tree any more.
1 grew angry — рассердился
2 at last he could not stand it any longer — в конце
концов он не выдержал
100
WHAT BIRD IS IT?
Once I saw a little bird
Come hop, hop, hop; 1
So I cried, “Little bird,
Will you stop, stop, stop?” 2
And I was going to the window
To say “How do you do?”
But he shook his little tail
And away he flew.
A Game of “there” and •their**
Read the sentences and fill in each blank
with there or their.
1.	We went to the wood to watch birds and learn —
habits.
2.	We like to go — in early summer.
3.	Many birds were chirping and chattering about —
new nests.
4.	We sat very still in order to hear — songs.
5.	— was a great fluttering of wings when we frightened
away a flock of bullfinches.
6.	Do you know where the crossbills build — nests?
7.	— are three little robins in the nest.
8.	Soon they will leave — home and fly away.
1 I saw a little bird come hop, hop, hop — я увидел, как
какая-то птичка скачет — скок-поскок
s will you... stop? — здесь: постой-ка!
THE GOLDFINCH1
The goldfinch is a pretty little bird. The front
part of its head is red; the cheeks are white; the
back is brown; the wings are yellow; the breast
and the belly are white, the tail is black. It 1b
one of our prettiest small birds.
Goldfinches like to live in orchards, and some-
times they build their nests in an apple-tree.
They make very cosy nests. The birds make the
outside of the nest of moss and other soft things,
the inside of grass, wool and feathers. They lay
five eggs.
Goldfinches feed on different kinds of seeds.
Towards winter, these birds get together in flocks.
Goldfinches are very gentle birds, and people
can easily tame them.
The note of the goldfinch is loud, pleasant
and gay.
Questions:
1.	Is a goldfinch a pretty bird?
2.	What does it look like?
3.	Where does it live?
1 goldfinch ['gouldfmtf] — щегол
102
4.	What can you say about
its nest?
5.	What does it make its
nest of?
6.	What food does it eat?
7.	Can people easily tame
goldfinches?
THE SUNFLOWER’S VISITOR
A row of tall yellow sunflowers grew in the
garden. At one end of the row there was a very
large flower, which had bloomed before any of
the others. Its seeds were black and hard.
One day two bright black eyes saw the sun-
flower seeds. The eyes belonged to a tiny yellow
bird, with a black cap upon his head, and black
feathers in his wings and tail. He flew into the
garden, singing a gay little song.
He sat on the top of the tall sunflower for
a moment. Then he almost stood on his little black
юз
head as he pecked at the seeds in the centre of the
flower. Now and then 1 he talked softly to him-
self as if saying 1 2 how good the seeds were, and
how glad he was to be there.
By and by he thought of something 3 and flew
away, singing his merry little song. Ann heard
the song as she was passing through the garden,
and stopped to listen.
“That sounds like a goldfinch,” 4 she said to
her brother.
The children went away. As soon as they were
out of sight 5 the goldfinch came back. This time
he brought with him another little bird, whose
feathers were dull yellow. This was Mrs. Gold-
finch, and she liked the sunflower seeds as much
as her little yellow and black companion. They
tried the other flowers too, but found that the
seeds there were not ripe enough.
The goldfinches often came to the garden and
brought their family. The young birds were like
their mother. All day they flew abdut the garden,
and sang their gay little songs. One of them,
who was bigger than the others, was very bold.
He clung to the sunflowers with his head down,
and chased off his brothers and sisters.
One day, however, he had a terrible fright. He
was sitting on the tall sunflower when a big grey
cat came down the garden path. The cat did not
see the goldfinch. But the little bird wanted to
1 now and then — время от времени
8 as if saying — словно говоря
8 by and by he thought of something — вскоре он что-то
вспомнил
4 that sounds like a goldfinch — это как будто щегол
8 as soon as they were out of sight —• как только они
скрылись из виду
104
see more of this strange thing1 that had come into
the garden. He flew to a lower flower. This one
was so small that it bent down when the gold-
finch sat upon it.
At the same time the cat saw the bird and jump-
ed forward. The goldfinch had just time to spread
his wings and fly away.
The grey cat went on down the path as if
nothing had happened. But the frightened little
bird flew back to the others in a great hurry. He
had seen quite enough of1 2 that strange grey animal
and was glad to have flown away from it. 3
IF I EVER SEE
If I ever see,
On bush or tree,
Young birds in their pretty nest,
I must not, in play,
Steal the birds away,
To grieve their mother’s breast. 4
So I’ll speak to the birds
In my softest words. 5
1 to see more of this strange thing — получше разгля-
деть этого странного зверя
* he had seen quite enough of — он вдоволь нагляделся
на
3 was glad to have flown away from it — был рад, что
улетел от него
4 to grieve their mother’s breast — и этим причинять
горе матери (букв, сердцу их матери)
’ in my softest words — как можно ласковее
1U3
And when they can fly
In the bright blue sky,
They’ll sing a song to me,
And then if I’m sad,
It will make me glad
To think they are happy and free.
Do You Know...
...that when we talk about a lot of cats we just say
“a lot of cats,” but that there are special words to use when
we talk about other animals?
We call a lot of wolves “a pack of wolves”.
We call	a	lot	of	cows “a herd of cows”.
We call	a	lot	of	birds “a flock of birds”.
We call	a	lot	of	bees “a swarm of bees”.
We call	a	lot	of	fish “a shoal of fish”.
THE CHAFFINCH1
The chaffinch does not live with us all the
year round. It comes to our country in early spring.
You can see and hear this bird wherever there are
trees. It is a song bird.
The feathers of the bird are blue, red, white
and brown. It is very pretty. The bird gets accus-
tomed to places * 2 and often builds its nest in one
and the same tree for some years. It makes its
nest of moss and lines it with wool, feathers and
other soft things.
The mother bird lays five or seven eggs. The
chaffinch has two broods in the season. In spring
and summer it feeds on insects. In autumn it feeds
on seeds and grain.
Towards winter chaffinches get together in
flocks and at the end of September fly away to
the south.
The chaffinch is a clever, gay, but quarrelsome
bird. It is difficult to keep it in a cage.
' 1 chaffinch ['tfaefintj] — зяблик
2 gets accustomed [a'kAstomd] to places — привыкает
к определенным местам
107
Questions:
1.	Does the chaffinch live with us all the year round?
2.	When does it come to our country?
3.	What does it look like?
4.	Where does it build its nest?
5.	What does it make its nest of?
6.	How many broods has the chaffinch in the season?
7.	What is its food in summer and in autumn?
8.	When do chaffinches fly away?
PINK-PINK THE CHAFFINCH
“Oh, Mummy, look at all those pretty little
birds in our garden,’’said Ann. “I wish I had one!”1
“Yes,” said Mother, “birds
are nice little creatures, but
I don’t like birds
in cages.”
“Well, Mummy, 1 2
will a bird ever come
and live in our gar-
den?"
“Perhaps one day
a bird will build a
1 I wish I had one! —
Вот бы мне птичку!
2 Mummy ['тлил] —
мамочка
nest, lay some eggs and hatch some baby birds near
our home,” said Mother.
A few weeks later Ann and her mother were
washing up the dishes in the kitchen when they
heard a loud “Pink, pink!” just outside the back
door. Ann ran to the door and opened it. On the
doorstep she saw a pretty little bird. It had a blue
head, a pink breast, a brown back and wings.
“Oh, Mummy, there is a pretty little bird out-
side,” she called.
“Hullo!1 I think you are hungry,” said Mother.
“Pink, pink!” said the little bird. “Pink,
pink!”
Ann brought some crumbs for the bird. He
ate them all and flew away. “It’s a little chaf-
finch,” said Mother.
“Oh, I want him to stay 1 2 in our garden!” said
Ann.
Next day, to her delight, the little bird came
again for his breakfast, and the next day, too. Each
time he said: “Pink, pink! Pink, pink!” when he
came and “Pink, pink!” again when he finished
his breakfast.
For some weeks the chaffinch visited Ann every
morning.
One warm morning Ann woke up quite early
and heard a bird’s merry song from the apple-
tree.
Mother woke up, too. They both jumped out
of bed and went to the window. In a minute the
bird flew up to them across the garden, and they
saw beside them on the window their little bird.
1 hullo [Tia'Iou] — приветственный оклик
2 1 want him to stay — я хочу, чтобы он стал жить
109
“Pink, pink!” he said, “I’m awake, pink,
pink."
“Good morning," said Ann, “you are early to-
day — but I liked the song you were singing.”
And Mother said, “You are an early visitor,
your breakfast is not ready, will you please come
a little later?”
“Pink, pink!" said the chaffinch and flew away.
But at breakfast time he was on the doorstep again.
He now sat on a tree-branch and waited till he saw
Ann in the garden.
“I think we shall call him ‘Pink-Pink’," said
Ann one day.
“Yes, that’s a good name," said Mother.
Now Pink-Pink came not only at breakfast
time. One afternoon Ann opened the door and
there sat Pink-Pink, but he was not alone. Two
little baby chaffinches were near him! Ann ran
for some crumbs. “Come and see, Mummy, come
and see," she called as she ran out again. But
when she brought the crumbs Father Chaffinch
took some in his beak and gave a crumb to each
of the young birds.
“I think Pink-Pink has brought his babies to
show them to us,” said Ann.
“Yes, it must be so,” said Mother.
Another morning when Ann went to school,
Pink-Pink the Chaffinch flew across the road to
the bus stop with her and waited until the bus
came; then he flew home again.
“Well, now we have a little bird of our own,”1
said Ann happily. “Do you remember, Mummy,
I wanted to have a little bird?”
1 a little bird of our own — наша собственная птичка
НО
“Yes, dear, and I said 1 didn’t like birds in
cages. So now we have all got what we want —
you and Pink-Pink and I,” said Mother.
LITTLE BIRD
Little bird singing high in the tree, •
I can look up to you — can you see me?
Here are some crumbs, I have brought you
a treat,
To thank you for singing, so come down and
eatl
THE CHAFFINCH
I know the song that the	chat—finch* is sing-ing,
j-। ^ J
Up in the a p-pie-tree,	where he* is swinging;
Brave lit—tie fel-low! the	skies may look dreaiSy,
Noth-ing cares he while his heart is so cheer-y.
Hark! 1 how the music leaps out from his
throat.
Hark! was there ever so merry a note?
1 Hark! — Слушайте!
ш
Listen awhile, and you’ll hear what he’s
saying
Up in the apple-tree swinging and swaying.
Dear little blossoms down under the snow,
You must be weary of winter, I know.
Hark! while I sing you a message of cheer:
Summer is coming and springtime is here.
A Rhyming Game
Find in Column В a word that rhymes with
a word in Column A. Do the same with Columns
C and D.
A	В	C	D
blue	Ann	all	breast
heard	bed	nest	some
name	flew	come	wing
ran	near	other	way
head	bird	sing	call
deer	came	day	mother
THE THRUSH1
The thrush is about ten
inches long. It may be
brown and black in col-
our. It lives in the forest.
It is a song bird. Its song
is a kind of shrill whistle.
It begins its song in ear-
ly spring, continues it
in summer, and sings but
little2 during autumn and
winter months. The thrush
does not live with us all
summer, it flies away to
the south. It comes back
in spring and builds its
nest. It makes its nest in
bushes or low trees and lays four or five eggs of
a bluish-green colour.
The thrush has two broods a year. It feeds on
worms, snails and insects. 1 2
1 thrush [6га/] — дрозд
2 and sings but little —и очень мало поет
б Н. Л, Утевская
113
The thrush is a restless and timorous creature.
It is very easy to tame the young birds and teach
them to whistle different tunes.
Questions:
1.	Where does a thrush live?
2.	What colour are its feathers?
3.	Is it a song bird?
4.	When does it begin to sing?
5.	Where does the thrush make its nest?
6.	How many eggs does it lay?
7.	How many broods has it a year?
THE FLIGHT OF THE THRUSHES
I
Once a mother thrush spent a pleasant win-
ter in Egypt 1 with her young thrushes. But as
the days began to grow hot they had to leave
for northern countries.
The mother thrush gathered her children to-
gether, and they joined a flock of friends from the
banks of the Nile. 1 2 Then they flew towards the
Mediterranean Sea. 3 Soon they came there, and
sat not far from the shore.
“Where shall we go now?” asked one of the young
birds, whose name was Songful.
“We must cross the great sea,” said his mother.
1 Egypt ['irdjipt] — Египет
2 the Nile [nail] - Нил
* Mediterranian Sea [,medita'reinjan 'si:] — Средизем-
ное море
114
“What!” cried another, who was called Think-
little. 1 “How can we do that? We shall
fall into the water before we are halfway
across.” 1 2
Then a third, whom everybody called Grumbler,
began to cry:
“Oh, dear! You have brought us here only to
drown us in the sea!”
Then Songful and Thinklittle all joined in the
cry of Grumbler:
“You have brought us here only to drown us
in the sea!”
“Wait a little,” said their mother quietly. “We
must find a ship to carry us across.”
“Ah!” said Songful, “that’s better. But I am
afraid of ships! They often carry boys, who shoot
arrows and throw stones at little birds.”
“It is true!” said Thinklittle. “I don’t like ships
either.”
But the mother bird sSid, “Wait a little! Wait
a little!”
The next day they heard a strange sound high
up in the air: “Honk! honk! honk!”
“These are our ships!” cried Mother Thrush.
“What do you mean?” 3 asked Thinklittle. And
he hopped upon a branch, looked up into the sky
and shook his wings. “I see nothing but a flock
of storks."
1 who was called Thinklittle ['Qigklitl] — которого
звали Легкодум. Ср. Songful ['sogful] — Певун, Grumbler
['grArnbla] — Ворчун.
4 before we are halfway across — не пролетев и пол-
пути
3 What do you mean? — Что это значит, что ты хочешь
сказать?
5*	115
“Ha! ha!” laughed Songful. “Do you want to see
ships in the sky? Look towards the sea, brother!”
And then he sang his happy song.
But his mother only said, “Wait a little!”
II
The storks settled down upon the shore, quite
near to the little company of thrushes. There they
fed among the tall plants that grew near the water.
But soon they began to make a great noise; and
they called to one another, “Honk, creek! Honk,
creek!” 1
“There!” said Mother Thrush. “They’re going!
Get ready, my children. We must go with them.”
“How are we going to do that?”2 cried Grumbler.
“Yes, how?” said Thinklittle. “We are not
strong enough to keep up with those storks."
“Silence!” cried Mother Thrush. “Don’t say a
word, but do as I. do.”
The storks slowly raised their large bodies and
spread their wings. They took their course straight
across the sea.
“Now!” cried Mother Thrush. “Be quick! Fol-
low me, and do as I do!”
She flew towards a grey-winged stork, and then
settled down upon the bird’s broad back and nes-
tled between her wings. All her family followed,
and sat down beside her. For a short time they felt
so strange in their new place that they were silent.
But soon the young ones began to talk.
1 honk, creek ['hogk 'kri:k] — подражание крику
аистов
4 How are we going to do that? — Как же мы это сде-
лаем?
116
“How nice it is to ride on the backs of these
big storks!" said Thinklittle.
“Will our stork carry us all the way across?” 1
asked Songful.
“Of course she will!” said Mother Thrush.
“Yes,” said Grumbler, “she may, if she doesn’t
shake us all off and drown us!”
Ill
They rode on for many, many miles. Sometimes
they were a little frightened, 1 2 when the stork
sank and flew up again. But now and then 3 they
even peeped out between the wings, and looked
down upon the green sea that was under them.
“Mother,” said Songful at last.
“Yes, my dear?"
“Don’t you think that the stork is very tired
and we must do something to help her and cheer
her as she flies?”
“Hush!” cried Grumbler. “She can feel no worse
than we do.” 4
Songful was silent for a little while. Then he
sat nearer to his brother Thinklittle and they twit-
tered together for a moment. Then they lifted their
heads and began to sing.
“Ah!" cried Grumbler as he heard the song.
“It is very sweet, indeed, and I want to sing too.
But what if the old stork hears us?"
1 all the way across — через все море
2 they were a little frightened — они немного пугались
8 now and then — время от времени
4 She can feel no worse than we do. — Уж, наверно, ей
не хуже, чем нам.
J17
But the stork listened to the song with pleas-
ure and was not at all angry. More than once she
turned her head and looked kindly at the singers.
“Thank you,” she said when the thrushes fin-
ished their song. “You have cheered me with
your pleasant song. I am so glad you have come
with me.”
At last they saw the northern shore. The thrush-
es rose from the back of the great bird that had
carried them such a long way. 1 They thanked her,
said good-bye to her and continued their journey
upon their own wings.
Try and Guess!
It is a little bird with bright feathers.
It lives in pine forests and it feeds on the seeds of pines
and firs.
It is the only bird that makes its nest in any season of
the year.
Do you know the name of this bird?
1 such a long way — так далеко
THE STARLING1
We can see the starling in almost every country.
It is black, but each of its feathers has a yellow spot
at the end. Its bill is straight and of a yellowish-
brown colour, the legs are reddish-brown. The
starling comes to our country in early spring.
The bird makes its nest in the hollows of trees,
rocks, old walls, or in special small wooden boxes
for starlings. The mother lays four or five eggs,
of an ash-green colour. During their first month
the young birds are brown.
Starlings live on worms, snails, and caterpil-
lars. They also eat different kinds of grain, seeds,
berries, and are very fond of cherries. The birds
gather in great numbers in the evening, and fly
away to the marshes, where they sleep among the
reeds. They chatter much in the evening and in
the morning. They like company very much.
The starling easily becomes tame in a cage.
Questions:
1.	What does a starling look like?
2.	When does it come to our country?
1 starling ['sta:lirj] — скворец
119
3.	Where does it make its nest?
4.	What colour are the young birds during their first
month?
5.	What is the starling’s food?
6.	Where do starlings sleep?
7.	Do they like company?
8.	Is it easy to make a starling tame?
Riddle
My first 1 is in sea, but not in land,
My second’s in tune, but not in band,
My third is in tame, but not in wild,
My fourth is in children, but not in child.
My fifth is in limb, and also in leg,
My sixth is in thing, but not in peg,
My seventh in uncle and also in aunt,
My eighth is in song, but not in chant.
My whole is the name of a garden bird,
One you have seen and probably heard.
(Bwpms :J9M.suy)
OUR FRIEND BILLY1 2
A Little Stranger
It was a beautiful day in November. George
and his sister Lizzy 3 decided to go and gather
nuts in the woods that were not far from their
house. They were walking along a path covered
1 my first = my first
letter
2 Billy чит. ['bill]
3 George чит. [djo.dj],
Lizzy чит. ['lizi]
with dry leaves, when they saw a bird that flut-
tered among the leaves and could not fly.
“Oh, George,” cried Lizzy, “that bird has hurt
its wing. Let’s try and catch it.”
George ran forward and quickly caught the
bird in his hat.
“We shall take the poor thing to Mother and
ask her what we can do with it,” said Lizzy.
So they turned back and carried the bird home.
Among Friends
“It is a young starling,” said Mother, “it has
hurt its wing. No doubt 1 it was one of the large
flock we saw a few days ago that was going to the
south for the winter. The poor little bird may never
get there, unless its wing becomes strong again. 1 2
“Oh, Mother!” said Lizzy, “what can we do to
help the bird?”	4
“We must keep him with us for a few days,”
answered Mother. “If he gets well, we shall let
him try to journey on.” 3
“I’ll make a cage for the bird,” said George. “I’m
sure he will get well.”
Good Care
George found a large box and fastened a stick
for a perch across the middle of the box. Then he
placed some dry grass and leaves there, and put
a can of water in the corner.
1 no doubt [daut] — несомненно
2 may never get there, unless its wing becomes strong
again — может не долететь туда, если крыло не окрепнет
3 to journey ['djaini] on — продолжать путешествие
121
“It is all ready,” cried George.
“Now bring on Billy and let him go into his
new home.”
“Billy is a good name for him," said Lizzy as
she opened the box and placed the bird on the soft
grass and leaves.
Day after day, the children fed Billy with bits
of fat and with corn and kept fresh water in the
little dish. One day, about two weeks later, while
the children were watching him, Billy suddenly
fluttered his wings and flew up on the perch. From
that time on he began to grow stronger. Every day
he became more friendly. He grew so bold that
he pecked the food from the children’s fingers
with his black bill.
Strong and Well
One bright sunny day, Mother said, “I know
you will be sorry to part with Billy. But don’t
you think it is time to let him try to fly away with
the other birds to the South?”
“Yes, Mother," said Lizzy, “we must let Billy
go if he wants to. He will not be happy here any
longer. We cannot keep him in a cage forever.
We must let Billy find his bird friends. Now he
can fly with them wherever they go.”
So they placed the cage out on the grass,
opened the cage door, then they stood aside and
watched. Very soon Billy hopped out. The bird
looked around him for a moment and then he
flew upon a tree. He spread his wings cheerfully»
and flew to the south.
“Good-bye, dear Billy!” cried Lizzy. “Come
again if you want our help,"
122
The Journey Home
Billy flew away over hill and valley,1 as fast
as his wings could carry him. He often became
tired. Many a time1 2 he had to rest in the trees. When
the sun set, the bird rested on the branch of a big
oak, and in the morning he continued his journey
again. He stopped only when he needed water or
a bit of food. At last he heard a burst of joyful wel-
come and he found himself among his bird friends.
What an interesting story Billy could tell them!
Yes or No Answers
1.	Did the children bring home any nuts?
2.	Did they find any bird?
3.	Did they make a cage for it?
4.	Did they keep the bird for a month?
5.	Were Billy’s brothers and sisters happy to see him?
Memo r i ze 4 he Proverb:
Handsome is that handsome does. — Красив тот, кто
красиво поступает (т. е. судить следует по делам, а не по
наружности).
THE BIRD HOUSE
Little bird, little bird,
Up in the tree!
Here is a bird house.
Oh, come and see.
Little boy, little boy,
Down by the tree!
I like the bird house
You’ve made for me.
1 over hill and valley —через горы и долины
2 many a time — не раз
123
THE STORK1
We may find storks almost all over the world.
With the change of the seasons they fly from one
country to another. The stork is a large bird, while
and black in colour. It flies lightly at a great
height. When it flies, it stretches out its legs and
neck. The stork makes its nest on tree tops and on
the roofs and chimneys of houses. A pair of storks
will use the same nest year after year. A pile of
sticks and branches with a lining of grass make
a big nest. The number of eggs is generally four.
1 stork [sto:k] — аист
124
They are white, sometimes with pink spots. Storks
feed on frogs, mice, snakes and insects. Generally
they look for their food on the river banks and in
marshes. Sometimes, however, they look for grass-
hoppers in dry open plains. They like them very
much. One of the oddest things about the stork
is the strange noise which it makes with its beak —
a sharp sound. Storks are very kind to their young.
Questions:
1.	Where do storks live?
2.	When do they fly from one country to another?
3.	Do they fly at a great height?
4.	How do they fly?
5.	Where does the stork make its nest?
6.	What can you say about its nest?
7.	How many eggs does it lay?
8.	What colour are the eggs?
9.	What is the stork’» food?
THE FARMER AND THE STORK
One day a farmer set a net in his fields to catch
the cranes and geese which came to eat his corn.
Some of these birds were caught 1 in the net, and
there was a stork among them. The stork asked
the farmer to set him free. “I am not a goose or
a crane but a poor harmless stork," said he. “I did
not come to steal your corn. I just happened to
pass that way." 1 2
1 were caught [ko:t] — попали
2 I just happened to pass that way — я просто пролетал
мимо
125
“All this may be true,” answered the farmer,
“but as I have caught you with the thieves, you
must suffer the same punishment.”
HAVE A LOOK!
pictures of different homes:
Here are
a hive a cage a coop a nest a sty a kennel
Here are the creatures which live in those homes:
a bee a parrot a hen a bird a pig a dog
These sentences are not true. Correct them.
1.	Bees live in a cage.
2.	A dog lives in a nest.
3.	Pigs live in a hive.
4.	A parrot lives in a kennel.
5.	Hens live in a sty.
6.	A sparrow lives in a coop.
THE E A G
L E1
a fierce
Its body
half feet
The eagle is
and bold bird,
is three and a
long, and the eagle may
be sometimes more than
fe^t across its wings. Its
seven
feathers are mostly brown or grey.
The eagle has a
fierce
It has
which
The eagle’s feet
long claws, which
When the eagle
large
heavy
yellow
prey,
strong
head with
eyebrows,
beak with
eyes and
a hooked
it kills its
have very
he uses to seize
swoops down on an animal,
it comes so fast and with such force that the
victim is dead at once.
The eagle hunts its prey in the daytime, and
although it flies at a great height, its keen sight
helps it to swoop down straight upon a lamb, a
fox, a bird or some other small creature. Then the
toes with
its prey.
1 eagle [i:gl] — орел
127
eagle flies off with its victim to eat it quite alone.
Sometimes it even attacks a man. •
The eagle is a bird who never makes its home
near the house of man. To find its nest is almost
impossible. The eagle builds it upon rocks or on
the top of the tallest tree in the forest. It makes
its nest of branches and sticks. Here it rears its
young, which are usually two in number. It feeds
them with the flesh of smaller birds and animals.
Questions:
1.	Have you ever seen an eagle? Was it in the zoo?
2.	Is the eagle a fierce and bold bird?
3.	What does it look like?
4.	What colour are its feathers?
5.	What can you say about its feet?
6.	When does the eagle hunt?
7.	How does it seize its prey?
8.	Where does it build its nest?
9.	What does the eagle make its nest of?
10.	How many nestlings has the eagle?
THE EAGLE AND THE TORTOISE1
One day a tortoise grew tired of crawling about 2
on the ground. He wanted to see the world. So he
gave a notice in which he asked any bird to take
him up into the air and show him the world. He
1 tortoise ['to:tas] — черепаха
8 a tortoise grew tired of crawling about — черепахе
надоело ползать
128
promised to give that bird a number of precious
stones. The tortoise said he knew the place in the
ground where those stones were hidden. 1
The eagle agreed to show the world to the tor-
toise and carried him high up in the air to look
round. Then he asked the tortoise to tell him where
the precious stones were hidden. But the tortoise
could not keep his promise, 1 2 as he knew nothing
about precious stones. The eagle got very angry
and dropped the tortoise right on the rocks. And
that was the end of the tortoise.
Memorize This Saying:
People who do not keep their promises will suffer for
it sooner or later.3
A Spelling Game
Test yourself on spelling the following names
of birds. Fill in the blanks with a, e, i, o, u.
thr — sh	sw — 11 — w
r — b — n	b — Ilf — nch
w-------dp — ck — r	cr —	ssb — 11
g — Idf	— nch	bl	—	— b — rd
cr — w	st	—	rl — ng
sp — rr	— w	ch	—	ff — nch
1 were hidden — были спрятаны
3 keep his promise — сдержать обещание
3 sooner or later — рано или поздно
129
THE CRANE1
The crane is a large bird. It has a long, slim
neck and long legs. Its body is not very big, but
the crane is as tall as a seven-year-old boy. The
crane lives near ponds, and eats frogs and small
fish. Its legs are so long that the crane can easily
wade in a pond. It goes into the pond and stands
still for a long time. It stands and waits till a fish
comes near it. When the crane sees a fish or a frog,
it picks it up with its long bill.
Questions:
1.	What does a crane look like?
2.	Where do cranes live?
3.	What do they eat?
4.	How does the crane catch a fish or a frog?
THE FOX AND THE CRANE
One day a fox met a crane. “It will be fun to
play a joke on 1 2 the crane,” thought he. The fox
asked the crane to come to his house for supper.
The bird thanked the fox and they went together.
1 crane [krein] — журавль
2 it will be fun to play a joke on — интересно будет под-
шутить над
130
Now 1 the fox had only thin soup to eat, and
he put the soup in a flat soup plate. The crane was
a tall bird. She had a long neck and a long bill,
so she could not eat from a soup plate. She tried
again and again to eat the soup, but she could
not get any. The tricky fox watched the crane and
laughed. It was easy for the fox to lick up the
thin soup from the plate. He ate all the soup and
the crane went home hungry.
Then one day the crane met the fox. This time
she asked him to come to her house for supper. So
the fox went to the crane’s house. The crane had
soup for supper too, but the soup was in a tall jar
with a long neck. It was easy for the crane to put
her bill into the jar, but the fox could not get at
the soup. So the crane ate all her soup while the
1 Now обычно вводится в рассказ для связнсЛти по-
вествования и означает примерно: «А надо вам сказать,
что...», «Так вот...».
131
fox did not get a drop of it, and the crane ate the
fox’s soup, too.
The crane taught the fox a good lesson. He ran
home to find something to eat.
' Memorize the Proverb:
To pay somebody in his own coin. — Отплатить той же
монетой (тем же).
Is It True?
Read these sentences and say which of them
are true and which are not.
A crane has short legs.
A fox has long legs.
A crane has a long bill.
The fox put the soup in a tall jar.
The fpx laughed at the crane.
The crane ate from the soup plate.
It was difficult for the fox to eat the thin soup.
It was easy for the crane to put her bill into the jar.
132
THE SEA-GULL1
The sea-gulls and other sea birds
are all very interesting birds. The
sea-gull is a large white bird with
a light grey back and wings and a yellow
beak. It is a wonderful flier and spends
most of its time on the wing. It comes
to the water or to the dry land only
to feed or to rest. It lives on fish, which
it catches near the surface of the water,
and on worms.
Gulls make their nests on rocks and
on marshes. Thousands of gulls make
1 sea-gull ['si:gAl] — чайка
their nests together. They always make their home
not far from their feeding-ground.
Once a flock of sea-gulls came upon the wreck
of a wheat ship. They fed on the ship and decided
to stay there, rather than go 1 many miles off to
make their home on the shore. Dozens of them
built their nests in the cabins of the ship, on the
deck and even in the sails.
Some other gulls once found another strange
place for their nests. It was a floating iceberg which
had drifted down from the Northern Seas. It carried
with it frozen berries, sea-weed, and other plants.
The gulls found plenty of food on the iceberg, and
they followed it for weeks and months. They built
their nests on its top and lived with their young
on this floating island.
Gulls are bold and clever birds.
Questions:
1.	What does a sea-gull look like?
2.	Where does it spend most of its time?
3.	Is it a good flier?
4.	What is its food?
5.	Where do gulls make their nests?
6.	Do gulls like to make their nests separately?
THE WHITE SEA-GULL
Oh, the white sea-gull, the wild sea-gull,
A joyful bird is he,
As he lies like a cradled thing at rest1 2
In the arms of a sunny sea!
1 rather than go — вместо того, чтобы лететь
2 like a cradled thing at rest — здесь: безмятежно no:
качиваясь, как в колыбели
134
The little waves rock to and fro, 1
And the white gull lies asleep,
As the fisher’s boat, with breeze and tide,
Goes merrily over the deep.
Oh, the white sea-gull, the bold sea-gull,
He makes on the shore his nest,
And he tries what the island fields may be, 1 2
But he loves the sea the best! 3
Memorize the Proverbs:
1.	To kill two birds with one stone. — Убить двух птиц
одним камнем.
Сравните с русской пословицей: «Убить двух зайцев».
2.	A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. — Одна
птица в руках стоит двух в кустах.
Сравните: «Лучше синица в руки, чем журавль в небе».
3.	Birds of a feather flock together. — Птицы с одина-
ковым оперением собираются вместе.
Сравните: «Рыбак рыбака видит издалека».
1 rock to and fro [frou] — качаются, поднимаясь и
опускаясь
5 tries what the island fields may be — пробует селиться
и на островах
3 the best — больше всего
THE PENGUIN1
Penguins live very far south, on islands near
South America and Africa. 1 2 They make their
nests on shores where men do not live. They have
seen so little of man 3 that they are not afraid of
him. Penguins live in the water. They are wonder-
ful swimmers and divers, but they cannot fly. In
the water they are graceful, beautiful birds, but
on land they walk about most awkwardly, 4 very
often fall and stand up again with the help of the
flippers which they have in place of 5 wings. When
they are in a hurry 6 they sometimes use their
flippers as fore legs, and then they look more like
animals than birds.
They are very noisy birds. Their cry is like a
man’s cry “Wha-at?” At certain times of the year
1 penguin ['peggwm] — пингвин
2 South America ['sauG э'тепкэ] — Южная Америка;
Africa ['aefriko] — Африка
3 they have seen so little of man — они так редко видели
людей
4 most awkwardly ['orkwodli] — очень неуклюже
5 in place of — вместо
’ they are in a hurry — торопятся
136
large numbers of penguins meet on
the shore. They choose a large square
on a rock, then collect all the stones
they can find and pile them outside
the square. They divide the large square
into smaller squares, each of which has
some nests.
In the nest the mother penguin lays on
egg, but there are such large numbers of penguins
that the crew of a ship collected once from a large
square as many as 100,000 eggs.
Penguins are very kind to their young ones,
and feed them in a funny way. They open their
mouths, and the young bird pushes its head down
the mother’s or father’s throat. The young one
eats out of the parent bird’s crop. The birds live on
fish. Young penguins cannot swim and their mother
has to teach them. People can easily tame these
birds. Sailors often bring a couple of penguins with
them, but the birds cannot live long in a strange
climate.
137
Questions:
1.	Where do penguins live?
2.	Are they afraid of man? Why not?
3.	What is the home of penguins?
4.	Can they swim and dive well?
5.	How do they walk on land?
6.	Where do they build their nests?
7.	How many eggs does the mother penguin lay in the
nest?
8.	How do penguins feed their young?
HOW PENGU1NSCAMEON AN ISLAND
Far out in the Atlantic Ocean, 1 about midway 1 2
between Africa and South America and over a
thousand miles from the land, there is a group of
three small islands.
Two sailors, who knew and liked this peaceful
spot, decided to live there for some time. There were
very many seals there, and they could catch and kill
them for food. They built a hut near the shore, where
there was a beautiful waterfall of sweet spring
water. Great rocks all around shut them off from
the island; but they could climb up to the high
land, where there were wild pigs and goats.
For six months the sailors lived very well. They
killed many seals and hunted wild pigs and goats.
Then a sad accident happened: they set fire to the
grass and in a moment their boat caught fire and
was burnt down. 3 Now they were shut up in that
1 Atlantic ocean [at'laentik 'oufn] — Атлантический
океан
2 about midway — примерно на полпути
3 caught fire and was burnt down — вспыхнула и сгорела
138
little island. Winter was coming on, and they
had only a small supply of vegetables.
The poor men grew very thin and weak. 1 They
were beginning to lose all hope of life, when great
flocks of penguins came to the beach. Now the
sailors could get plenty of penguin eggs which
were good to eat.2 So the penguins saved their lives.
The penguins stayed for about three months;
when their young ones could swim, they all disap-
peared one night in the direction of 3 the south.
Some time after a ship landed there, and the
sailors left the island. They told many interesting
things about penguins.
* grew very thin and weak — очень похудели и ослабели
s good to eat — вкусные
8 in the direction of — по направлению к
THE HUMMING-BIRD1
Under the shade of a tree, at the end of one of
the branches there is a tiny little nest. It swings
in the air, and is as light as a feather, for it is made2
of moss and down. It is very cosy. In it there are
two tiny eggs, the size of a pea, 3 and as white as
snow. It is the nest of the smallest bird in the
world, the humming-bird.
The bird lives in hot countries, in India 4 and
South America. Its body is no bigger than a nut.
But its feathers are beautiful. They are green,
gold and purple. The bird has a green crest on
its head, which sparkles like a little star. The wings
of the humming-bird move so quickly that you
can hardly see them. Its wings make a humming
sound as it flies from flower to flower; and it is
from this sound that it gets its name. 5 * * 8
* humming-bird ['hAmigba:d] — колибри (букв, жуж-
жащая птица)
5 is made — сделано
8 the size of a pea — величиной с горошину
* India ['indja] — Индия
8 it is from this sound that It gets its name — именно
от этого звука происходит ее название
140
Its food is insects. There are always many of them
at the bottom of flowers. So the humming-bird pushes
its long tongue deep into the flower, and some
insects stick to it. The humming-bird draws them
into its mouth, swallows them, and then pushes
its tongue into the flower again. When it has had
enough to eat it sips a little honey, and flies back
to its nest.
Questions:
1.	What does the humming-bird make its nest of?
2.	Where does it hang?
3.	What is the size of the bird?
4.	In what countries do these birds live?
5.	What does the humming-bird look like?
6.	What makes a humming sound?
7.	What does the bird feed on?
8.	Why is it called 1 a humming-bird?
A TINY NEST
Two humming-birds, as light as feathers from
their own wings, flew about the garden. They were
of a beautiful green colour, and upon the throat
of one of them there was a bright patch of red.
This was Father Humming-Bird. Mother Humming-
Bird had no red patch upon her throat. They were
flying from flower to flower. They pushed their
long bills deep in, to get the honey, while their
wings fluttered very quickly.
Mother Humming-Bird did not stay long in the
garden. She went like a ray of sunlight across the
road to a big tree. And here, on a branch, among
1 Why is it called...? — Почему она называется...?
141
the leaves, there was a tiny, tiny nest. Nobody
could find it. There were two tiny, tiny birds in
it. They were waiting for their mother. Father
Humming-Bird stayed in the garden for a long
time. He flew from one tall flower to another.
How quickly he moved his wings! Soon he, too,
left the garden and flew away to the little nest
in the tree.
The humming-birds were very busy. They work-
ed hard, as they had to feed their pretty baby
humming-birds...
Find the Name!
Here are some words that you can use when
speaking of birds.1 Try and find the name of a bird
for each of these words.
graceful	timorous	gay
quarrelsome	gentle	restless
clever	pretty	tiny
busy	bold	fierce
beautiful	cunning	awkward
1 when speaking of birds — говоря о птицах
THE BAT1
WHAT IS IT?
Although the bat has wings and flies, it is not
a bird, but a mammal. 1 2 The body of the. bat is
covered 3 with short fur of a mouse colour. The
wings are covered with elastic skin. The bat beats
the air with its long wings, which are usually too
large for the size of its body. The bat’s wings end
in tiny hands. The hands have five fingers, like
ours, 4 but the thumb is short and ends in a hook,
like a claw. The bat can hang itself up by it on a
perch to rest. The other four fingers are very long.
The arms are also long, especially the forearms.
The foot has a short sole, and five toes. The bat
needs them to hang onto rocks and trees, for it
hangs upside down when it goes to sleep.
All bats sleep by day and come out to hunt
for food at night. Their eyes are very small, but
sharp. Bats feed on insects.
1 bat [baet] — летучая мышь
2 mammal ['maemal] — млекопитающее
8 is covered ['kAvad] — покрыто
4 like ours (our fingers) — похожих на наши, как у нас
143
Bat babies are born late in spring. The mother
bat carries her young ones with her and feeds them
with milk. They hang on, clinging by their claws
and teeth, until they are as big as their mother.
Bats are quiet and harmless creatures, and you
must not be afraid of them.
Questions:
1.	Is the bat a bird?
2.	What is it?
3.	What does a bat look like?
4.	What can you say about its arms, hands, feet, eyes?
5.	When does the bat hunt?
6.	What does it do by day?
7.	What do bats feed on?
8.	When are their babies born?
THE BAT
Myself, I rather like the bat..
It’s not a mouse; it’s not a rat.
It has no feathers, yet has wings.
You cannot hear it when it sings!
THE BIRD, THE MOUSE, AND THE BAT
Bird. What a strange mouse that is! It can fly.
Mouse. What a strange bird it is! It has fur.
Bird. Oh, no! that is not a bird. We never show
our ears.
Mouse. I am sure it is not a mouse. Mice cannot
fly.
144
Bird. But look at its fur!
Mouse. But look at its wings! /j
Bird. But look at its ears!
Mouse. I think it is more like a mouse than a
bird; but who ever heard of a mouse that could fly?
Bat. Are you talking about me?
Bird. Yes, tell us who you are.
Bat. My name is Bat. But you called me a bird.
Bird. Oh, no! I called you a mouse.
Bat. What can a mouse do best?
Mouse. I can run.
Bat. But I cannot run at all. 1
Mouse. Then you are a poor kind of mouse. 2
Bat. I shall tell you what I can do. I can fly.
Bird. But do you lay eggs in a nest?
Bat. No, indeed! 3 I have no nest and no eggs.
Bird. Then you are a poor kind of bird.
1 at all — совсем
2 a poor kind of mouse — никудышная мышь
3 No, indeed! — Вот уж нет!
6 Н. Л, Утевская
145
Mouse. Where do you sleep?
Bat. Oh, I hang by my toes in some old barn.
Bird. What a way to sleep! 1
Mouse. Who takes care of your little ones?
Bat. I carry them about with me until they
are old enough to care for themselves.
Mouse. What a way to keep house! 1 2
Bird. Your wings are not like mine. 3 4
Bat. No, my wings are my hands too. I feel
my way with them.
Bird. You fly as if you could not see very well.
Bat. Oh, I am just catching flies for my supper.
Mouse. Your eyes are small and your ears are
large. Can you hear better than you can see?
Bat. Yes, but I can touch better than I can
see or hear.
Mouse. Are your teeth as sharp as mine?
Bat. I don’t know about yours/ Mine are
sharp enough.
Mouse. I am afraid that you can bite.
Bat. I bite only when somebody tries to hurt
me.
Mouse. Good-bye, Mrs. Bat. See how fast I
can run!
Bird. Good-bye, Mrs. Bat. I am going home
to my nest and my little ones.
Bat. Good-bye. Please don’t think that I’ll
bite you. I wonder why everybody is afraid
of me? I do not wish to hurt anyone!
Can you explain why people are afraid of bats?
1 What a way to sleep! — Что за манера спать!
2 to keep house — ьести хозяйство
3 mine — my wings
4 yours = your teeth
146
THE END OF THE DAY
The sun is weary, for he ran
So far and fast today;
The birds are weary, for who sang
So many songs as they?
The bees and butterflies at last
Are tired out, for just think, too, 1
How many gardens all the day
Their little wings have fluttered through.
And so, as all tired people do,
They’ve gone to lay their sleepy heads
Deep, deep in their warm beds.
1 just think, too — и верно, подумайте-ка
VOCABULARY
able [eibl] а способный
be able (to) мочь, быть в
состоянии
about [a'baut] prp о, об; adv кру-
гом, повсюду, около, вокруг;
приблизительно
above [э'Ьлу] adv наверх; ргр
над
accident ['aeksidant] п несчаст-
ный случай
accustomed [a'kAstamd] a: get
accustomed привыкать
across [a'kros] prp сквозь, через,
поперек
add [aed] v прибавлять; добав-
лять
advice [ad'vaisl n совет
advise [ad’vaiz] v советовать
afraid [a’freid] a. predic. испу-
ганный
be afraid (of) бояться
after prp после, за, по-
зади; adv затем, потом, впо-
следствии; cj после того как
afternoon [’a:fta'nu:n] п время
после полудня
in the afternoon днем
afterwards [’a:ftawadz] adv впо-
следствии, после
again [a’gein] adv снова, опять
against [a'geinst]prp против, на, о
ago [a’gou] adv тому назад
long ago давно
agree [a’gri:] v соглашаться
ahead [o’ned] adv впереди
148
A
air [ea] n воздух
alike [a'laik] adv похоже, оди-
наково
all [э:1] pron весь, вся, всё, все
all alone совсем одна
all over повсюду
not ... at all совсем не
almost [b:lmoust] adv почти
alone [a’loun] a. predic, один,
одинокий
along [э’1эд] prp вдоль, по
already [oJ’redi] adv уже
also ['o:lsou] adv также, тоже
although [э:Гдои] cj хотя, не-
смотря на то, что
always ['o:lwaz] adv всегда
among [э'тлд] prp среди, между
anger [’aerjga] п гнев
angrily [’aeggnli] adv сердито
angry ['aeggri] а разгневанный,
сердитый
be angry (with) сердить-
ся
get angry рассердиться
animal ['aenimal] n животное
another [э’плЗэ] at pron другой;
еще один
one another друг друга
answer [’a:nsa] v отвечать; n от-
вет
ant [sent] n муравей
ant-hill [-hil] n муравейник
antennae [aen’teni:] n щупальцы,
усики, рожки
antonym ['aentanim] n антоним
any [’em] pron какой-нибудь, ка-
кой-либо; любой (в утвер-
дит. предлож.)
anything ['eniOig] pron что-ни-
будь
aphis [’eifis] n тля (мн. ч.
aphides [’eifidkz])
appear [э’рю] v появляться, по-
казываться
appetite [’aepitait] n аппетит
apple-tree [’aepltri:] n яблоня
approach [a'proutf] v прибли-
жаться; n приближение
architect [’a:kitekt] n архитек-
тор
arctic [*a:ktik] а полярный, се-
верный
arm [<x:m] n рука (от кисти до
плеча); мн. ч. объятия
around [a’raund] ргр вокруг,
около; adv всюду, кругом
art [‘T.t] п искусство
as [aez, az] cj когда, в то время
как; так как; по мере того
как; как
as ... as так же ... как,
такой же ... как
as if как будто, как бы,
словно
as soon as как только
as well тоже
as well as так же как
not so ... as не такой... как
ash [aej] n зола, пепел; а серый,
пепельный
ashamed [a'feimd] a: be asham-
ed стыдиться
aside [a'said] adv в сторону
ask [a:sk] v спрашивать, спро-
сить; просить
ask for просить что-нибудь
asleep [a'sli:p] a. predic спящий
be asleep спать
fall asleep заснуть
at [aet, at] ргр в, у, при, на
ate [et] см. eat
attack [a’taek] v атаковать, на-
падать; n нападение
attention [a'tenfn] n внимание
pay attention обращать вни-
мание
attentively ,[a'tentivli] adv вни-
мательно
aunt [a:nt] n тетя
autumn [’o:tam] n осень
awake [a'weik] (awoke; awoke,
awaked) v просыпаться; бу-
дить
away [a’wei] adv прочь (обо-
значает движение, удале-
ние)
awhile [a’wail] adv некоторое
время, недолго
awkwardly [*o:kwadli] adv не-
уклюже, неловко
awoke [a'wouk] см. awake
В
baby [’beibi] n малютка; дете-
ныш
back [baek] n спина; задняя
стена, сторона; adv назад,
обратно	ч
backwards [’baekwadz] adv на-
зад
bacon ['beikan] n бекон, копче-
ная свиная грудинка
bad [baed] a (worse, worst) пло-
хой, дурной
ball [Ьэ:1] п шар, клубок, мяч
band [baend] п оркестр
bank [baerjk] п берег
bark ba:k] п кора
barn [ba:n] п амбар, сарай, гум-
но
basket [*b<x:skit] п корзина
bat [baet] п летучая мышь
bathe [beid] v купаться
be [bi:] (was, were; been) v быть;
находиться; являться
beach [bi:tf] n берег
beak [bi:k] n клюв
beast [bi:st] n зверь; живот-
ное
beat [bi:t] (beat; beat, beaten)
v бить(ся)
beautiful [’bju:taful] а красивый,
прекрасный
became fbi'keim] cm. become
because [bi’ko-.z] cj потому что,
так как
because of из-за
149
become [Ы'клт] (became, be-
come) v делаться, стано-
виться
bed [bed] n кровать
bee [bi:] n пчела
bee-bread [’bkbred] n цветочная
пыльца
been [bi:n] cm. be
before [bi'fэ:] prp перед, до; adv
вперед, впереди; раньше,
прежде; cj прежде чем
began [bi'gaen] см. begin
begin [bi'gin] (began, begun) v
начинать(ся)
beginning [bi'ginig] n начало
behind [bi'hamd] prp сзади, по-
зади, за
being [*bi:irj] n существо
believe [bi'li:v] v верить, дове-
рять
bell [bel] n звонок; колокол
belly ['bell] n живот
belong [bi'lag] v принадлежать
below [bi'lou] adv ниже, внизу
bench [bentf] n скамья
bend [bend] (bent, bent) v на-
гибаться, сгибаться
beneath [bi'ni:6] adv под, ниже
bent [bent] cm. bend
berry ['ben] (мн. ч. berries) n
ягода
beside [bi'said] prp около, ря-
дом с
besides [bi'saidz] prp кроме; adv
кроме того, сверх того
best [best] а наилучший; adv
лучше всего; больше всего
better ['beta] (сравнит, степ,
от good) а лучший; adv
лучше, больше
between [bi'twim] prp между
beyond [bi'jand] prp за, позже,
вне
big [big] а большой
bill [bil] n птичий клюв
bird [ba:d] n птица
bit1 [bit] n кусочек; маленькая
часть чего-л.
bit by bit постепенно, по-
немногу
bit3 см. bite
bite [bait] (bit, bitten) v кусать
bitter ['bita] а горький, озлоб-
ленный
black Fblaek] а черный
blackbird ['blaekba:d] n черный
дрозд
blank [blaegk] n пустое, свобод-
ное место
blanket ['blaegkit] n одеяло
blew [blu:] cm. blow
bloom [blu:m] v цвести
blossom ['blasam] n цветок, цве-
тение
blow 1 [blou] n удар
blow3 (blew, blown) v дуть
blue [blu:] а голубой, синий
bluebird ['blu:ba:d] n синица
bluish ['bliKij*] а голубоватый,
синеватый
boat [bout] n лодка
body ['badi] n тело, туловище
bold [bould] а смелый
born [ba:n] a: be born родиться
both [bou6] pron оба
bother ['bada] v беспокоить(ся)
bottom ['batam] n дно, низ, ниж-
няя часть чего-л.
bought [ba:t] см. buy
box [baks] n ящик, коробка
branch [brocntf] n ветка; прут
brave [breiv] а храбрый, сме-
лый
bravery ['breivari] n храбрость,
смелость
bread [bred] n хлеб
break [breik] (broke, broken) v
ломать(ся), разбивать(ся),
разрушать(ся)
break off отламывать
breakfast ['brekfast] n завтрак
breast [brest] n грудь
breathe [bri:o] v дышать
breeze [bri:z] n легкий ветерок;
морской ветер
bridge^ [bndj] n мост
bright [brait] а яркий, свет-
лый
brightly ['braitli] adv ярко, свет-
ло
bring [brig] (brought) v прино-
сить
bring up воспитывать
brink [bngk] n край; берег
broad [bra:d] а широкий
broke [brouk] cm. break
broken [broukn] а сломанный
brood [bru:d] n выводок
150
brook [bruk] n ручей
brought [bro:t] cm. bring
brown [braun] а коричневый,
бурый
brownish [’braunij] а коричне-
ватый
bud [Ьлб] n почка; бугорок
build [bild] (built) v строить
building [’bildig] n здание, по-
стройка
built [bilt] cm. build
bullfinch [’bulfintf] n снегирь
bump [Ьлтр] n бугорок, выпук-
лость; удар
bundle [bAndl] n узел; связка;
вязанка
burn [ba:n] (burnt) v сжигать,
жечь
burst [ba:st] n взрыв
bus [Ьлз] n автобус
bush [buj] n куст
busy ['bizi] а занятый, деятель-
ный; хлопотливый, трудолю-
бивый
but [bAt] cj но, а, однако, тем
не менее; adv только, лишь,
prp кроме, за исключени-
ем
butterfly ['bAtaflai] п бабочка
buy [bai] (bought) v поку-
пать
by [bai] prp у, около; к, при,
за; мимо; посредством, че-
рез
by and by вскоре
buzz [bAz] n жужжание
cabin ['kaebin] n кабина, каюта
cage [keids] n клетка
cake [keik] n зд. лепешка (гря-
зи, глины)
call [кэ:1] v звать, кричать; на-
зывать
сате [кеип] см. соте
сап1 [kaen] (could) v мочь,
уметь
сап а п банка
cap [каер] п кепка, шапка
саге [кеа] п забота; уход; v за-
ботиться; любить
take care of заботиться
carefully ['keafuli] adv заботливо
carpenter ['kocpintal n плотник
carpet ['ka:pit] n ковер
carry ['kaen] v носить; везти
case [keis] n оболочка
castle [ka:sl] n замок
cat [kaet] n кошка, кот
catch [kaetj] (caught) v ловить,
поймать, схватить
catch on ухватиться за что-л.
caterpillar ['kaetapila] n гусе-
ница
caught [ko:t] cm. catch
caw [кэ:] v каркать
ceiling [*si:lig] n потолок
cell [sei] n ячейка
cement [si'ment] n вяжущее ве-
щество
С
centre ['senta] n центр, сере-
дина
certain [sa:tn] а определенный;
один, некий, некоторый
certainly ['sa:tnli] adv конечно,
несомненно
chaff [tjor.f] n мякина
chaffinch ['tjaefintf] n зяблик
chamber ['tjeimba] n комната
change [tfeinds] n перемена;
изменение; v изменять(ся)
chant [tja-.nt] n поэт, песня
character ['kaenkta] n характер,
свойство; особенность
chase [tfeis] v преследовать,
гнаться (за); прогонять
chase off прогонять
chatter ['tjaeta] v болтать; ще-
бетать, стрекотать; жур-
чать
chattering [’tfaetanij] n болтовня;
щебетание; журчание
cheek [tji:k] n щека
cheep [tfi:p] v пищать
cheer [tjia] v ободрять; int ypa
(приветственный возглас)
cheerful ['tjiaful] а бодрый, ве-
селый
cheerfully [’tfiafuli] adv бодро,
весело
cheery ['tjiari] а веселый,, жи-
вой; радостный
151
cherry [’tferi] n вишня
cherry-tree [-tri:] n вишневое
дерево
chew [tfu:] v жевать
chickadee ['tjiko.di:] n американ-
ская черноголовая синица
child [tjaild] (мн. ч. children) n
ребенок
chimney ['tfimni] n дымовая
труба
chirp [tj*0:p] v чирикать, щебе-
тать; n чириканье, щебе-
танье
chirrup [’tfirap] v щебетать
choose [tfir.z] (chose, chosen) v
выбирать
chorus ['ko:ras] n xop
chose [tjouz] cm. choose
chosen [tjouzn] cm. choose
chrysalis [’krisalis] n зоол. ку-
колка
circle [sa:kl] n круг, окружность
class [kla:s] n класс
claw [kb:] n коготь
clean [kli:n] v чистить, очищать;
а чистый, чистоплотный
cleanliness ['klenlinis] n чистота,
чистоплотность
clear [klia] а прозрачный, чистый;
ясный
clever [’kleva] а умный, сообра-
зительный
climb [klaim] v подниматься, ка-
рабкаться
climb up подниматься
climber ['klaimaj n <лазун>
cling [klig] (clung) v цепляться,
прилипать; держаться
close 1 [klouz] v закрывать(ся)
close2 [klous] а близкий
clothes [klouoz] n одежда
cloud [klaud] n облако
clover ['klouva] n клевер
clung [к!дд] cm. cling
coat [ kout] n пальто; шкурка, мех,
шерсть; оперение (у птицы)
cock [кэк] v: cock one’s eyes
кидать быстрые взгляды
cocoon [кэ'ки:п] п кокон
coin [кэш] п монета
cold [kould] а холодный; п хо-
лод
collect [ka’lekt] v собирать
colour [’кл1э] п цвет, окраска
152
column [’кэ!эт| п столбец, ко-
лонка
соте [клт] (came, come)v при-
ходить, приезжать
come back вернуться
come by проходить мимо
come down сойти, спу-
ститься
come in (into) входить
come forward выступить,
выходить вперед
come on надвигаться
come out выходить
come true сбываться
companion [кэт'раепрп] п това-
рищ, приятель
company ['клшрэпт] п компания,
общество
cone [koun] п шишка
consist [kan'sist] v состоять из;
заключаться в
contain [kan’tein] v содержать
в себе, вмещать
continue [kan'tmju:] v продол-
жать
coo [ku:] v ворковать
cool [ku:l] а прохладный
coop [ku:p] n курятник
corn [ko:n] n рожь; зерно
corner ['кэ:пэ] n угол
correct [ka'rekt] v исправлять
cosy [’kouzi] а уютный
could [kud] cm. can
count [kaunt] v считать, подсчи-
тывать
country ['kAntri] n страна, де-
ревня; а деревенский
couple [клр1] n пара
course.[k3:s] n курс, направление;
течение
in the course of the day
в течение дня
of course конечно, разумеет-
ся
cover [’кдуэ] v покрывать, укры-
вать
cow [kau] n корова
crack [kraek] n треск; трещина,
щель; v раскалывать
cradle [kreidl] n колыбель, люль-
ка
crane [krein] n журавль
crawfish ['kroifij] n речной рак
crawl [кгэ:1] v ползать
crawl off уползать
crawl out выползать
creak [kri:k] v стрекотать, скри-
петь
cream [kri:m] n сливки; крем
creature ['kriztja] n создание;
живое существо
crest [krest] n хохолок (птицы)
crew [kru:] n команда
cricket ['krikit] n сверчок
croak [krouk] v каркать
crop 1 [krap] n урожай
crop 3 зоб (птицы)
cross [kras] v пересекать, пере-
ходить, переправляться; а по-
перечный, пересекающийся
crossbill ['krasbil] n клест (пти-
ца)
crow [krou] n ворона
crumb [кглт] n крошка хле-
ба
cry [krai] n крик, плач; v кричать,
вскрикнуть; плакать
crying ['kraiirj] n крик
cunning ['клшг)] а хитрый, ко-
варный
cup [клр] n чашка; чашечка
(цветка)
cut [kAt] (cut) резать
cut off отрезать
cut up разрубить, разре-
зать
D
dance [da:ns] v танцевать; пры-
гать
danger [’deindja] n опасность
dare [dea] v сметь, отважить-
ся
dark [dock] а темный; n темнота
darkness f'da:knis] n темнота
darling ['da:lig] а дорогой, люби-
мый
day [dei] n день
one day однажды
daytime ['deitaim] n\ in the day-
time днем
dear [dia] а дорогой
dearly ['diali] adv нежно
decide [di’said] v решать
deck [dek] n палуба
deed [di:d] n поступок
deep [di:p] а глубокий; adv глу-
боко; n глубь
delight [di'lait] n восхищение,
восторг; v восхищаться, на-
слаждаться
desert [’dezat] n пустыня
deserve [di'za:v] v заслуживать,
быть достойным чего-л.
dew [dju:] n роса
did [did] cm. do
die [dai] v умирать
differ ['difa| v отличаться
difference [’difrans] n разница
different fdifrant] а другой, от-
личный
difficult [’difikalt] а трудный, тя-
желый
difficulty [’difikalti] «трудность,
затруднение
dig [dig] (dug) v копать, рыть
dinner pdina] n обед
direction [di'rekjn] n направле-
ние
disappear [.dis^’pia] v исчезать
dish [dij] n тарелка
distance [’distans] n расстояние;
отдаление
in the distance вдали
distant ['distant] а далекий, от-
даленный
district ['distrikt] n район, об-
ласть
dive [daiv] v нырять
diver ['daiva] n ныряльщик
divide [di'vaid] v делить, разде-
лять
do [du:] (did, done) v делать
dog [dag] n собака
done [dAn] cm. do
door [da:] n дверь
doorstep ['dazstep] n порог
doorway ['da:wei] n вход в по-
мещение, порог
doubt [daut] n сомнение
no doubt несомненно
dove [dAv] n голубь
down1 [daun] adv вниз, внизу
down3 n пух, пушок
153
downy [’dauni] а пушистый,
мягкий
dozen [dAzn] n дюжина
drag [draeg] v тащить, волочить,
тянуть
dragon-fly [’draeganflai] n стре-
коза
draw [dro:] (drew, drawn) v
тащить, тянуть, вытаски-
вать
drawer [dro:] n выдвижной
ящик
dreary ['driari] а мрачный, тоск-
ливый
dream [dri:m] v мечтать, вообра-
жать; сниться
drew [dru:] см. draw
drift [drift] v плыть по тече-
нию
drink [dngk] (drank, drunk) v
пить, выпить
drive [draiv] (drove, driven) v
ехать; гнать
drone [droun] n трутень; лентяй,
бездельник
drop [drop] v бросать, ронять;
упасть; п капля; глоток; па-
дение
drove [drouv] см. drive
drown [draun] v тонуть
dry [drai] а сухой; v сушить(ся),
сохнуть, высыхать
dumb [dAm] а немой; беззвуч-
ный; молчаливый
during [’djuarig] prp в течение;
во время
dust [dAst] n пыль
duty [*dju:ti] n долг, обязанность
E
each [i:tj] pron каждый
each other друг друга
eagle [i:g1] n орел
ear [10] n ухо; слух
early ['a:li] а ранний, первый
earth [э:6] n земля, земной
шар
ease [i:z] n покой, свобода
at one’s ease свободно,
удобно
easily ['i:zili] adv легко
easy [*i:zi] а легкий
eat [i:t] (ate, eaten) v есть, ку-
шать
eat up съедать
eaten [i:tn] cm. eat
eave [i:v] n карниз
edge [eds] n край
egg [eg] n яйцо
either I'aioa] pron каждый; adv
также (при отрицании)
elastic [flaestik] а эластичный,
растягивающийся
else [els] adv еще
empty ['empti] а пустой
end [end] n конец; v кончать-
(ся)
enemy ['enimij n враг .
enough [i'nAf] adv достаточно,
довольно
especially [is’pefah] adv осо-
бенно
even [i:vn] adv даже
evening ['i:vnig] n вечер
ever [’eva] adv когда-либо
every ['evn] pron каждый
everybody ['evribadi] pron каж-
дый, всякий,все
everyone [’evnwAn] = every-
body
everything [’evriOig] pron всё
everywhere ['evriwea] adv по-
всюду
except [ik’sept] prp исключая,
кроме
excite [ik'sait] v возбуждать, вол-
новать
excitement [ik’saitmant] n вол-
нение
exclamation ^ekskla'meijn] n
восклицание
exclamation mark воскли-
цательный знак
excuse (oneself) [iks'kju:z] v из-
винять(ся)
expect [iks'pekt] v ожидать
explain [iks'plein] v объяс-
нять
eye [ai] n глаз
eyebrow ['aibrauj n бровь
154
F
fact [faekt] n факт
in fact действительно, в са-
мом деле
fall [fo:l] (fell, fallen) v падать;
n падение
fall asleep засыпать
fall down упасть
fall over вываливаться
fallen [Чэ:1эп] см. fall
family [’faemili] n семья, семей-
ство
far [fa:] adv далеко
farmer [’fa:ma] n фермер
farther ['fa:da] (сравнит, степ,
от far) adv дальше, далее
fast [fa:st] а скорый, быстрый;
adv быстро; сильно, крепко
fasten [fa:sn] v прикреплять,
связывать
fat [fast] а жирный, толстый; n
жир, сало
father [*fa:da] n отец
fear [fia] n страх, боязнь; v бо-
яться
fearful ['fiaful] а боязливый
feast [fi:st] n пир, праздник
feather [Чедэ] n перо (птичье)
fed [fed] cm. feed
feed [fi:d] (fed) v кормить(ся)
feeding-ground ['fi:dig(graundj n
место для кормления
feel [fi:l] (felt) v чувствовать,
ощущать; щупать
feeler [’fi:la] n щупальце, усик
feeling ['fklirj] n чувство, ощу-
щение
fell [fell cm. fall
fellow [’felou] n товарищ, парень
felt [felt] cm. feel .
female ['fi:meil] n самка
fence [fens] n изгородь, забор
few [fju:] немногие; немного, ма-
ло
a few несколько
field [fi:ld] n поле
fierce [fios] а свирепый, неис-
товый
fiercely f'fiosli] adv свирепо,
неистово
fifth [fifO] а пятый
fight [fait] (fought) v бороться,
сражаться; n бой, драка
fill [fil] v наполнять
find [faind] (found) v находить,
обнаруживать
find out узнавать
fine [fain] а хороший; красивый
finger ['fitjga] n палец
finish ['finij] v кончать(ся), за-
канчивать
fir [fa:] n ель
firmly ['fa:mli] adv твердо, крепко
first [fa:st] а первый; adv сна-
чала, сперва
" at first сначала
fish [fij] n рыба
fit [lit] а годный, подходящий,
соответствующий
fix [fiks] v укреплять, устанав-
ливать
flap [flaep] v взмахивать (крыль-
ями)
flat [flaet] а плоский
flesh [flej] n мясо
flew [flu:] cm. fly
flier ['Паю] n «летунья»
flight [flait] n полет, перелет
flipper ['flipa] n плавник
flit [flit] v перелетать, порхать
float [flout] v плавать, всплы-
вать; держаться на поверх-
ности воды
flock [flak] п стая; v стекаться;
держаться вместе
floor [Пэ:] п пол
flow [Пои] v течь, литься
flower [Паиэ] п цветок
flown [floun] см. fly
flutter [ЧШэ] v порхать
fly1 [flai] (flew, flown) влетать
fly about летать повсюду
fly away улететь
fly off улететь
fly over перелетать
fly 2 n муха
flying I'flang] n полет
follow ['folou] v следовать, ид-
ти за кем-л.
following ['folouiTj] а следующий
-fond [fond] а любящий
be fond of любить
food [fu:d] n пища, питание
foolish ['fu:lij] а глупый, безрас-
судный
155
foot [fut] (мн. ч. feet) n ступня,
нога; фут (мера длины, ок.
30 см)
for [to:] с J так как, потому что;
ргр для, за; вместо; в тече-
ние, в продолжение
force [fo:s] v зд. брать силой
force one’s way проложить
себе дорогу
fore [to:] а передний
forearm [’fo:ra:m] п предплечье
forest ['forist] п лес
forget [fa'get] (forgot, forgot-
ten) v забывать, забыть
forgot [fa'got] см. forget
fork [fo:k] n вилка
form [fo-.m] v образовывать(ся),
создавать(ся); n форма, внеш-
ний вид
forward ['fo-.wad] adv вперед
found [faund] cm. find
fox [foks] п лиса
free [fri:j а свободный
freely Pirkli] adv свободно
fresh [irej] а свежий; пресный
friend [frend] п друг
friendly ['frendli] а дружеский;
дружески расположенный
friendship [’frendjip] n дружба
fright [frail] п испуг
frighten (away) [fraitn] v испу-
гать, спугнуть
frightened [fraitnd] а испуганный
be frightened испугаться
get frightened испугаться
frog [frog] п лягушка
from [from, from] prp от, из, с,
по
front [frAnt] п перёд, передняя
часть чего-л.; фасад
in front of перед, впереди
frost [frost] п мороз
frozen [frouzn] а замерзший
fruit [fru:t] п плоды, фрукты
full [ful] а полный, наполненный
fun [fAn] п забава; веселье
funny ['-Таш] а забавный, смеш-
ной
fur [fa:] п мех
furry ['fAn] а меховой
v	G
gallery ['gaelari] n зд. ход
game [geim] n игра; забава
garden [ga:dn] n сад
gate [geit] n ворота, калитка
gather ['gaeda] v собирать(ся)
gave [geiv] cm. give
gay [gei] а веселый
geese [gi:s] cm. goose
general ['djenaral] а общий
in general вообще
generally ['dsenarali] adv обыч-
но; вообще
gentle [dsentl] а кроткий, доб-
рый, тихий
get [get] (got) v получать, до-
ставать; становиться; доби-
раться
get accustomed привыкать
get angry рассердиться
get away уходить, уйти
get down спускаться
get in(to) попадать в
get out выбираться из, вы-
ходить
get ready быть готовым,
приготовиться
get rid of избавиться, отде-
латься от
get wet промокнуть
gill [gil] п жабры
give [giv] (gave, given) v да-
вать
give up бросить, отказаться;
уступить, отступать
glad [glaed] a\ be glad быть до-
вольным
glass [gla'.s] n стекло; стакан;
' зеркало
glitter [’glita] v блестеть, свер-
кать
glue [glu:] n клей, клейкое ве-
щество
go [gou] (went, gone) v идти,
отправляться
go away уходить
go back возвращаться
go down спускаться
go in войти
156
go off уходить
go on идти дальше; продол-
жать
go out выходить
go round обойти кругом
go up подняться; подходить
goat [gout] n коза
gold [gould] n золото
golden [gouldn] а золотой
goldfinch ['gouldfintf] n щегол
gone [gon] cm. go
good [gud] (better, best) а хо-
роший, добрый; вкусный
good-bye ['gud'bai] int до сви-
дания
good-looking [’gud’lukirj] а кра-
сивый
good-natured ['gud’neitfad] a №-
бродушный
goose [gu:s] (мн. ч. geese) n
гусь
got [got] cm. get
graceful ['greisful] а грациоз-
ный, изящный
gracefully pgreisfuli] adv гра-
циозно, изящно
grain [grein] n зерно
grammar [’graema] n грамматика
grass [gra:s] n трава
grasshopper [’graishopa] n куз-
нечик
great [greit] а великий, большой
greatly [’greitli] adv очень
green [grim] а зеленый
greenish [’griinif] а зеленоватый
grew [grui] cm. grow
grey [grei] а серый
greyish [’grenj] а сероватый
grieve [griiv] v огорчать; при-
чинять горе
ground [graund] n земля
group [gruip] n группа
grow [grou] (grew, grown) v
расти; отращивать, выращи-
вать; делаться, становиться
grow up становиться взрос-
лым
grown [groun] см. grow
grub [еглЬ] n личинка
guess Iges] v догадываться, уга-
дывать
gull [gAl] n чайка
H
habit ['haebit] n привычка
had [haed] cm. have
hair [Иеэ] n волосы
half [ha:f] (мн. ч. halves) n по-
ловина
half-opened наполовину от-
крытый
half-way на полпути
hand [hand] n рука (кисть)
at hand близко, под рукой
handsome ['haensam] а красивый
hang [haerj] (hung, hung) v ви-
сеть
hang on повиснуть, прице-
питься
happen ['haepan] v случаться,
происходить
happily ['haepili] adv счастливо
happy ['haepij а счастливый
hard [haid] а твердый, жесткий,
крепкий, трудный; adv
усердно, сильно
harden [haidn] v делать(ся) твер-
дым; твердеть, застывать
hardly [’haidli] adv едва, едва ли,
вряд ли
hark [haik] int слушай!
harm [haim] n вред, зло; v вре-
дить
harmless [’haimhs] а безвредный
hatch [haetj] v высиживать;
выводить; вылупляться из
яйца
hate [heit] v ненавидеть
have [haev] (had) v ‘иметь
hay [hei] n сено
head [hed] n голова
hear [hia] (heard) v слышать
heard [haid] cm. hear
heart [ha:t] n сердце
heat [hilt] n теплота, жар
heavily ['hevili] adv тяжело,
сильно
heavy ['hevi] а тяжелый
heed [hiid] v обращать внима-
ние
heedless ['hiidhs] а невнима-
тельный, необдуманный
157
height [halt] n высота, вы-
шина
held [held] cm. hold
help [help] v помогать; n по-
мощь
helpless [’helplis] а беспомощ-
ный
hen [hen] n курица
herd [ho:d] n стадо
here [hia] adv здесь, сюда;
вот
herself [ha:'self] pron себе, себя,
сама
hid [hid] см. hide
hidden [hidn] cm. hide
hide [haid] (hid, hidden) v пря-
таться), скрывать(ся)
high [hai] а высокий; adv вы-
соко
hill [hil] n холм
himself [him’self] pron себе, себя,
сам
hind [haind] а задний
hit [hit] (hit) v ударять(ся), по-
падать (в цель)
hive [haiv] n улей
hold [hould] (held) v держать;
содержать
hold on держаться за что-л.
hole [houl] n дыра, яма, нора
hollow [’holou] n дупло; а пу-
стой
hollow tree дуплистое де-
рево
home [houm] n дом; родина
at home дома
homophone [’homafoun] n омо-
фон
honey ['hAnil n мед
honeycomb [Ълшкоиш] n медо-
вые соты
hook [huk] n крючок; v зацеп-
ляться), ловить
hooked [hukt] а крючковатый,
кривой
hop [hop] v прыгать, скакать
hope [houp] n надежда; v на-
деяться
hopeful ['houpful] а надеющийся,
полный надежд
horn [ho:n] n рог; мн. ч. рожки
(улитки)', усики (насеко-
мого)
hot [hot] а жаркий, горячий
hour [аиэ] п час
house [haus] п дом
house-top [-top] п крыша
how [hau] adv как, каким обра-
зом
however [hau’evo] cj однако,
тем не менее
hullo ['hA'lou] int здравствуй(те)
hum [hAm] n жужжание, гул;
v жужжать, гудеть
human ['hju:mon] а человече-
ский
humming-bird [*hAmigba:d] п ко-
лйбри
hundred ['hAndnd] пит сто,
сотня
hung [hArj] см. hang
hungry ['hArjgri] а голодный
hunt [hAnt] v охотиться
hunter [’hAnto] n охотник
hurry [’Ьлп] v торопиться; n to-
« ропливость, поспешность
be in a hurry торопиться;
спешить
hurt [ho:t] v причинить боль;
обидеть
hush [hAj] int тише; ш-ш-ш
hut [hAt] n хижина
iceberg [’aisbo:g] n айсберг, пла-
вучая ледяная глыба
idea [ai’dio] n идея, понятие;
мысль
idle [aidl] а ленивый, праздный
idler ['aidlo] n лентяй, бездель-
ник
if [if] cj если
158
impossible [im’posabl] а невоз-
можный
inch [mtf] n дюйм (^2,5 см)
indeed [in’dkd] adv в самом де-
ле; действительно
insect [’msekt] n насекомое
inside [in’said] ргр внутри, в
instead (of) [in'sted] adv вместо
interest [’intnst] n интерес;
v интересовать
be interested (in) интересе*
ваться
interesting ['mtnstig] а интерес-
ный
interval [’intovol] n промежуток,
расстояние; перерыв
into ['intu, ’inta] prp в, внутрь
island Pailand] n остров
itself [it’self] pron себя, себе;
сам, сама, само
J
jar [dja:] п банка, кувшин
jaw [djo:] п челюсть; мн, ч, рот,
пасть
join [dsoin] v соединять(ся), при-
соединяться)
joint [djomt] п сустав, сочле-
нение
joke [djouk] п шутка
journey ['djami] п поездка; пу-
тешествие; v совершать пу-
тешествие
joy [djoi] п радость
joyful [’djoiful] а радостный,
довольный
juice [dju-.s] п сок
jug [d3Ag] п кувшин
jump [djAmp] п прыжок; v пры-
гать
jump out выскочить
jump up вскочить
just [djAst] adv точно, как раз,
только, просто
keep [ki:p] (kept) v держать,
хранить
keep company общаться
keep one’s promise сдер-
жать обещание
keep up with держаться на-
равне с кем-л.
kennel [kenl] n собачья конура
kept [kept] см. keep
key [ki:] n ключ
keyhole ['kkhoul] n замочная
скважина
kill [kil] v убивать
kind 1 [kamd] n род, сорт
a kind of нечто вроде
all kinds of * всевозмож-
ные
of that kind такого рода
L
ladder ['laeda] n лестница
laid [leid] cm. lay
lamb [laem] n ягненок, овечка
lambkin ['laemkin] п ласк, ягне-
ночек
К
kind2 а добрый, сердечный
kindly [’kaindli] adv доброжела-
тельно, любезно
kindness [’kamdnis] n доброта,
доброжелательность
kiss [kis] v целовать
kitchen ['kitfm] n кухня
kite [kait] n коршун
knew [nju:J cm. know
knife [naif] n нож
knock [пэк] v ударять, сту-
чать
knock down сбить; сло-
мать
know [nou] (knew, known) v
знать, узнавать
known [noun] cm, know
land [laend] n земля; суша; стра-
на; v причаливать
language ['l&ggwids] n язык
large [la:ds] а большой
lark [lock] n жаворонок
159
last1 [locstf а последний; прош-
лый
at last наконец
last2 v продолжаться, длиться
late [leit] а поздний, недавний;
adv поздно
Latin ['laetin] n латынь, латинский
' язык
lawn [1э:п] n лужайка
lay 1 [lei] (laid) v класть; поло-
жить
lay 2 см. lie
lazy ['leizi] а ленивый
lead [li:d] (led) v вести; прохо-
дить
leader ['li:da] n руководитель,
ведущий
leaf (мн. ч. leaves) n лист
(растения)
leap [li:p] v прыгать, скакать
learn [1э:п] v учить; узнавать
least [li:st] (превосх. степ, от
littlej а наименьший, ма-
лейший
at least по крайней мере
leave [li:v] (left) v оставлять,
покидать, уходить
leave for улетать в
led [led] см. lead
ledge [leds] n выступ, край
left1 [left] а левый
left2 cm. leave
leg [leg] n нога (от бедра до
ступни)
length [1ед0] п длина; расстоя-
ние
less [les] (сравнит, степ, от
littlej adv меньше
lesson [lesn] п урок, занятие
let [let] v позволять, пускать,
давать
letter [’lets] п письмо; буква
level [levl] п уровень
lice [lais] см. louse
lick [lik] v лизать, облизывать
lie [lai] (lay, lain) v лежать
life [laif] n жизнь
lift [lift] v поднимать(ся)
light1 [lait] а легкий
light 2 n свет; а светлый
lightly [’laitli] adv слегка; не-
серьезно; легко
like 1 [laik] v любить, нравить-
ся
like2 а похожий, подобный; adv
подобно, как
be like походить на, быть
похожим на
look like выглядеть; похо-
дить на
limb [lim] п конечность, лапка
(насекомого)
line 1 [lain] п линия; строчка
line 2 v устилать
lining [’lamirj] п подкладка, под-
стилка
lip [lip] п губа
listen [lisn] v слушать, слушать-
ся
little [litl] (less, least) а ма-
ленький; adv мало
a little немного
live [liv] v жить
live on питаться
lively [’laivli] а живой, весе-
лый
living [’livirj] а живой
load [loud] n тяжесть, груз
log [log] n бревно'
long [log] а длинный, долгий;
adv давно
long ago давно
no longer больше не
look [luk] v смотреть, выгля-
деть
look after присматривать
за; заботиться о
look for искать
look on наблюдать
look out выглядывать (из)
look over разглядывать
look round оглядываться,
оборачиваться
look up поднимать глаза
loop [lu:p] n петля
lose [lu:z] (lost) v терять
lost [lost] cm. lose
lot [lot] n м?сса
a lot of масса, очень много
loud [laud] а громкий; adv гром-
ко
loudly ['laudli] adv громко
louse [laus] (мн. ч. lice) n вошь
love [Iav] v любить; n любовь,
low [lou] а низкий, тихий; adv
низко
in a low voice шепотом,
тихо
160
м
made [meid] см. make
maggot [’maegat] n личинка
magpie ['maegpai] n сорока
make [meik] (made) v делать;
производить; заставлять
mammal ['maemal] n млекопи-
тающее
man [maen] (мн. ч. men) n че-
ловек, мужчина
manage fmaenids] v суметь
many [’mem] (more, most) a
многие, много
mark [ma:k] n знак
marsh [ma:J] n болото
mason [meisn] n каменщик
mass [maes] n масса; груда
master ['ma:sta] n хозяин
mate [meit] n товарищ
matter [’maeta] n вопрос, дело
may [mei] v мочь
maybe ['meibi:] adv может быть
meadow [’medou] n луг
mean [miin] (meant) v намере-
ваться; значить; иметь в виду
meaning ['mi:nirj] п значение;
смысл
measure [’me^a] v измерять
meat [mi:t] п мясо
meet [mi:t] (met) v встречать(ся)
memorize ['memaraiz] v заучи-
вать наизусть
memory [’memari] n память
merely [’miali] adv только
merrily [’merili] adv весело, ра-
достно
merry ['men] а веселый, ра-
достный
message ['mesids] n донесение;
письмо
met [met] cm. meet
mew [mju:] v мяукать
mice [mais] cm. mouse
microscope [’maikraskoup] n ми-
кроскоп
middle [midi] n середина; а сред-
ний
in the middle в середине,
посредине
midway ['midwei]fl6to на полпути
might [mait] n энергия; сила
migrate [mai’greit] v совершать
перелет (о птицах)
mile [mail] n миля 1609 м)
milk [milk] n молоко
mind [mamd] n ум, воображе-
ние; v обращать внимание;
быть против
minute [’minit] п минута
miss [mis] v пропустить
model [modi] n образец
modest ['madist] а скромный
moist [maist] а сырой, влажный
moment ['moumant] n миг, мо-
мент, минута
money [’тлш] n деньги
a piece of money монета
month [тлпб] n месяц
moral ['moral] n поучение, мо-
раль
more [mo:] (сравнит, степ, от
much, many) adv больше,
еще
morning ['momirj] n утро
mosquitoe [mos'ki:tou] n москит,
комар
moss [mas] n мох
most [moust] (превосх. степ, от
much, many) а самый; adv
больше всего
mostly ['moustli] adv главным
образом; чаще всего, обычно
motion [moujn] п движение
motionless ['moufnlis] а непо-
движный
moth [moO] п мотылек
mother ['тлба] п мать, мама
motor-car ['moutaka:] п автомо-
биль
mountain ['mauntin] п гора
mouse [mans] (мн. ч. mice) п
мышь
mouth [mauO] п рот
mouthful ['mauOful] п кусок, гло-
ток
move (about) [mu:v] v двигаться
much [mAtf] (more, most) adv
много; гораздо
very much очень
mud [mAd] n грязь
mulberry tree [’mAlban’tri:] n
тутовое дерево, шелковица
mummy ['шапп] n ласк, мамочка
music [*mju:zik] n музыка
must [mAst] v долженствовать
161
N
name [neim] n имя, название;
v называть
natural [’naetfral] а естествен-
ный
nature [’neitfa] n природа
naughty ['no-.ti] а непослушный,
капризный
near [шэ] а близкий; adv близко,
недалеко; ргр около
near-by [’nia'bai] а близкий,
соседний; adv рядом, близко
nearly J'niali] adv почти, чуть не
necessary [’nesisari] а необходи-
мый, нужный
neck [nek] п шея; горлышко
(кувшина)
need [ni:d] v нуждаться; п нужда,
надобность
be in need нуждаться в
чем-л.
needle [ni:dl] п иголка
neighbour [’neiba] п сосед
neither ... nor [’naida ’пэ:] cj
ни ... ни
nephew [’nevju:] п племянник
nest [nest] п гнездо
nestle [nesl] v уютно устраи-
ваться; прильнуть; ютиться
nestling ['neslig] п птенец
never ['neva] adv никогда
new [nju:] а новый
New Year’s Day [’nju:Jiaz’dei]
n новогодний праздник
New-Year tree [’nju:jia'tri:] n но-
вогодняя елка
next [nekst] а следующий, бу-
дущий
nice [nais] а хороший, приятный,
милый
nigh [nai] поэт, adv близко, ря-
дом
night [naitl n ночь, вечер
at night ночью, вечером
good night! спокойной (доб-
рой) ночи!
noble [noubl] а благородный
noise [noiz] n шум, грохот
make a noise шуметь
noisy ['noizi] а шумный, шум-
ливый
none [плп] pron ни один, никто,
ничто
noon [nu:n] п полдень
no one ['nouwAn] pron никто
пог [пэ:] cj и не, также не
north [пэ:0] п север
northern ['пэ:3эп] а северный
nose [nouz] п нос
note [nout] п пение или крик
птиц; звук, нота
nothing [’ПА01Г)] pron ничто, ни-
чего
notice [’noutis] v замечать, обра-
щать внимание; п объявле-
ние
now [паи] adv теперь, сейчас
now and then время от вре-
мени
number [’плтЬа] п число, коли-
чество
a number of несколько
nurse [na:s] v выкармливать,
нянчить
nut [nAt] n орех
О
oak-tree ['ouk’tri:] n дуб
ocean [oujn] n океан
odd [od] а странный
off [o:f] adv от, с; выражает
удаление, отделение, рас-
стояние
often [ofn] adv часто
oh [ou] int о, ox, ax (восклицание)
ointment [’ointmant] n мазь
old [ould] а старый
once [wads] adv однажды, один
раз
at once немедленно, сразу
же, сейчас же
once more еще раз, снова,
опять
162
one [wad] num один; pron некто,
кто-то; заменяет ранее упо-
мянутое существительное
only ['ounli] adv только; а един-
ственный
onto [bntu, 'onto] ргр на (о на-
правлении)
open [oupn] v открывать; а от-
крытый
opening [’oupnirj] п отверстие
opinion [a'pinjan] п мнение
opposite [bpazit] а противопо-
ложный
ог [э:] cj или; иначе
orange [•□rinds] а оранжевый
orchard ['3:tfad] п фруктовый
сад
organ ['o:gan] п орган
order ['э:с!э] п порядок
in order to для того чтобы
other ['лдэ] а другой
each other друг друга
otherwise ['AtJawaiz] adv иначе
ought [э:t] v форма глагола, обо-
гнан. долженствование
our [а*иэ] pron наш, наша, наши;
свой
ourselves [aua'selvz] pron (мы)
сами, себя
out [aut] adv вон, наружу; ргр
из (движение изнутри на-
ружу, из ограниченного про-
странства)
outside ['autsaid] adv снаружи, за
over ['ouva] adv через; ргр над,
сверх, по, по ту сторону
be over кончаться
over and over много раз
overhead ['ouva'hed] adv на-
верху
overlook [jOuva'luk] vобозревать,
смотреть сверху
owl [aul] n сова
own [oun] а собственный
Р
расе [peis] п шаг
pack [раек] п зд. стая, свора
(собак)
paid [peid] см. pay
pair [реэ! n пара
parents ['pearants] n родители
park [pa:k] n парк
parlour [’pa:la] n гостиная
parrot ['paerat] n попугай
part1 [pa:t] n часть
part2 v расставаться
parting [’pa’.tiij] n расставание
pass [p«:s] v проходить
pass by проходить мимо
past1 [pocst] а прошлый; n про-
шлое
past2 adv мимо
patch [paetf] n зд, пятно (непра-
вильной формы)
path [pa:0] n тропинка, путь
pay [pei] (paid) v платить, рас-
плачиваться
pea [pi:] n горошина
peaceful ['pi:sful] а мирный, спо-
койный
peck [pek] v клевать, долбить
peep 1 [pi:p] v подглядывать; за-
глядывать украдкой; n взгляд
украдкой
peep in заглядывать
peep out выглядывать
peep of day рассвет
peep2 v чирикать, пищать;
n писк
penguin [’pengwin] n пингвин
people [pi:pl] n люди, народ
perch [po:tj] n насест, жердочка;
v садиться (о птице)
perhaps [pa'haeps] adv может
быть; возможно
person [pa:sn] п человек
pick [pik] v срывать (цветы, ягоды)
pick up поднимать, подби-
рать
picture ['piktfa] п картина; фо-
тография
pie [pai] п пирог
piece [pi:s] п кусок, часть
a piece of money монета
pig [P*gl n свинья
pile [pail] n куча, груда; v скла-
дывать; накоплять
163
pin [pin] n булавка
pine-tree ['pain'tri:] n сосна
pink [pirjk] а розовый
place [pleis] n место; v поме-
щать; ставить, класть
take place происходить
plain 1 [plein] а простой, ясный
plain2 n равнина; а гладкий,
ровный
plan [plan] n план; замысел, на-
мерение
plant [pla:nt] n растение
plate [pleit]n тарелка, блюдо
play [plei] v играть; n игра
play a joke on somebody
подшутить над кем-л.,
надуть кого-л.
pleasant [pleznt] а приятный
please1 [pli:z] v нравиться; хо-
теть
be pleased with somebody
(something) быть доволь-
ным кем-л. (чем-л.)
please 3 adv пожалуйста
pleasure [’pleja] n удовольствие,
наслаждение
plenty ['plenti] n изобилие, мно-
жество
plenty of много
plunge ['plAndj] v окунать, по-
гружать
poem ['pouim] n стихотворение
point [point] п зд. конец; v по-
казывать, указывать
polite [pa’lait] а вежливый
pond [pond] n пруд, водоем
pool [pu:l] n лужа, пруд
poor [риэ] а бедный
precious [’preJas] а драгоцен-
ный
preface [’prefis] n предисловие
present1 [preznt] а присутствую-
щий, настоящий, данный
at present в данное время
be present присутствовать
present2 n подарок
pretty [’priti] а хорошенький,
красивый
previous [’priivjas] а предыду-
щий
prey [prei] n добыча
prisoner [’prizana] n пленный
prize [praiz] n награда, приз,
премия
probably [’probabli] adv ве-
роятно
problem [’problom] n проблема,
задача
profit ['profit] n польза, выгода;
v извлечь пользу из чего-л.
promise [’promis] п обещание;
v обещать
pronounce [pra'nauns] v произ-
носить, выговаривать
pronunciation [pr^nAnsi'eijn] п
произношение
protect [pro'tekt] v защищать,
предохранять
proud [praud] а гордый
be proud of гордиться
чем-л.
proudly ['praudlil adv гордо
proverb ['provab] n пословица
prowl [praul] v красться; бро-
дить
pull [pul] v тянуть, тащить
pull a bell звонить
punishment [’pAnijmant] п нака-
зание
purple [pa:pl] а пурпурный, ба-
гровый
purpose [’pa:pas] n намерение,
цель
push [puf] v толкнуть, просу-
нуть
pussy (-cat) [’pusi] n кошечка,
киска
put [put] (put) v класть, ставить,
положить
put off откладывать
Q
quack [kwaek] ггкрякать
quarrel [’kworal] v ссориться
quarrelsome ['kwaralsam] а за-
диристый, шумливый
queen [kwi:n] n зд. матка
(пчел)
queer [kwia] а странный
question [kwestjn] n вопрос
164
quick [kwik] а быстрый
quickly ['kwikli] adv быстро
quiet [kwaiat] а спокойный, ти-
хий
quietly ['kwaiatli] adv спокойно,
тихо
quite [kwait] adv вполне, совер-
шенно, совсем
race [reis] n состязание в ско-
рости
run a race состязаться в ско-
рости, бежать напере-
гонки
rain [rein] п дождь
rainbow [’reinbou] п радуга
rainy [’reini] а дождливый
raise [reiz] v поднимать
ran [raen] см. run
rang [raerj] cm. ring
rat [raet] n крыса
rather ['га:бэ] adv довольно
ray frei] n луч
reach [ri:tf] v достигать, дохо-
дить до
reachers ['ri:t[az] п мн. ч. зд.
щупальцы
read [ri:d] (read, read) v чи-
тать
reader [’ri:da] n читатель
ready ['redi] .а готовый
get ready приготовлять, при-
готовиться
real [rial] а действительный,
настоящий
really ['nah] adv действительно
rear [ria] v выращивать, выво-
дить
recite [ri'sait] v декламировать
recognize ['rekagnaiz] v узна-
вать
red [red] а красный
reddish ['redij] а красноватый
reed [ri:d] n тростник, камыш
relatives ['relativz] n мн. ч. род-
ственники
remain [ri’mein] v оставаться
remember [ri'memba] v помнить,
вспоминать
rest1 [rest] n отдых; v отды-
хать
rest2 n остальные, другие
restless ['restlis] а беспокойный,
неугомонный
retell [n'tel] v пересказывать
R
return [ri*ta:n] v возвращаться
rhyme [raim] v рифмоваться
rich [ritj] а богатый
riddle [ndl] n загадка
ride [raid] (rode, ridden) v ехать
верхом
right [rait] а правый, правиль-
ный; adv прямо; как раз
all right хорошо, отлично
ring1 [rirj] (rang, rung) v звонить
ring 3 n кольцо
ripe [raip] а спелый
ripen [raipn] v зреть, созре-
вать
rise [raiz] (rose, risen) v под-
ниматься
road [roud] n дорога
robber ['гэЬэ] n грабитель
robin ['robin] nмалиновка (также
robin-redbreast [-'redbrest])
rock 1 [гэк] n скала
rock 3 v качать(ся)
rode [roud] cm. ride
roll [roul] v катить(ся)
roof [ru:f] n крыша
room [rum] n комната; место
root [ru:t] n корень
rope [roup] n веревка
rose 1 [rouz] cm. rise
rose 2 n роза
rough [глт] а грубый, неровный,
шершавый
round [raund] а круглый; adv
вокруг
row [rou] n ряд
rub [глЬ] v тереть(ся)
rude [ru:d] а грубый
ruffle [глП] v ерошить
rule [ru:l] n правило
run [глп] (ran, run) v бежать,
бегать
run away убежать
run off убежать
run out выбежать
run over перебежать
run up подбежать
165
s
sad [saed] а грустный, печальный;
неприятный
sadly [’saedlijtfcfo грустно, огор-
ченно
safe [seif] а невредимый; без-
опасный
safely ['seifli] adv в сохранности,
безопасно
said [sed] см. say
sail [sell] n парус; v плавать,
отплывать
sailor ['sells] n моряк
same [seim] а тот (же) самый,
одинаковый
sand [saend] n песок
sandy ['saendi] а песчаный
sang [saerj] cm. sing
sank [saegk] cm. sink
sap [saep] n сок
sat [saet] cm, sit
save [seiv] v спасать
saw [so:] cm. see
say [sei] (said) v говорить, ска-
зать
say good-bye прощаться
saying ['seng] n поговорка; по-
словица
school [skuil] n школа
sea [si:] n море
sea-gull ['si:gAl] n чайка
seal [si:l] п тюлень
search [sa:tf] n поиски
season [si:zn] n время года, сезон
seat [si:t] n сиденье, стул
seaweed ['si:wi:d] n морские во-
доросли
second 1 ['seksnd] а второй
second 8 п секунда, момент
secret ['si:knt] n секрет, тайна
see [si:] (saw, seen) v .видеть;
понимать
seed [si:d] n семя, зерно
seek [si:k] (sought) v искать
seem [si:m] v казаться
seen [si:n] cm. see
seize [si:z] v хватать, захваты-
вать
seldom ['seldom] adv редко
selfish ['selfif] а эгоистичный
send [send] (sent) v посылать,
отправлять
sense [sens] n чувство; ум; смысл
166
sensitive ['sensitiv] а чуткий,
чувствительный
sent [sent] cm. send
sentence ['sentons] n предложе-
ние
separate ['seporeit] v отделять(ся),
разделять(ся), расходить(ся)
separately ['sepntli] adv отдельно
serious ['sionos] а серьезный
set [set] (set) v ставить, класть;
садиться, заходить (о солнце)
set fire to something под-
жечь что-л.
settle [setl] v поселять(ся); укла-
дываться), усаживать(ся)
several ['sevrol] а несколько
shade [feidl n тень; полумрак
shake [Jeik] (shook, shaken) v
трясти(сь), качать(ся)
shake hands обменяться ру-
копожатием, поздоро-
ваться
shake off зд. сбрасывать
shake out вытряхивать
shape [feip] n форма, очертание,
вид
sharp [Jot:p] а острый, резкий,
пронзительный; живой
shine [fain] (shone) v светить(ся);
сиять, блестеть
shiny ['faini] а блестящий >
ship [fip] n корабль, судно
shoal [foul] n стая, косяк (рыбы)
shone Нэп] см. shine
shook [fuk] см. shake
shoot [fu:t] (shot) v стрелять,
застрелить
z shore [Jo:] n берег
short [fo:t] а короткий; adv крат-
ко
shot [Jot] cm. shoot
shoulder ['foulds] n плечо
show [fou] (showed, shown) v
показывать; n зд. зрелище
shown [foun] cm. show
shrank [fraegk] cm. shrink
shrill [fril] а пронзительный, рез-
кий
shrink [fngk] (shrank, shrunk) v
сжимать(ся), сморщивать(ся)
shut [fAt] (shut) v закрывать
sickle [sikl] n серп
side [said] n сторона, бок, край
by one's side рядом
sigh [sai] v вздыхать; n вздох
sight [salt] n зрение, взгляд; вид
be out of sight скрыться из
виду
signal [’signal] v сигнализировать;
n сигнал
silence [’sailans] n молчание, ти-
шина
silent [’sailant] а молчаливый,
тихий
silently [’saihnth] adv бесшумно,
тихо
silk [silk] n шелк
silly [’sill] а глупый
simple [simpl] а простой, про-
стодушный
simply [’simpli] adv просто
since [sms] ргр с, после; cj с тех
пор как
sing [sig] (sang, sung) v петь
singer [’siga] n певец
sink [sirjk] (sank, sunk) v опу-
скаться), снижать(ся); погру-
жаться); падать
sip [sip] v сосать
sirup [’sirap] n сироп
sister [’sista] n сестра
sit [sit] (sat) v сидеть
six-sided [’siks,saidid] а шести-
гранный
size [saiz] n размер, величина
skin [skin] n кожа, шкура; ше-
луха
sky [skai] n небо
skylark [’skaila:k] n жаворонок
slate [sleit] n грифельная доска
sleep [sli:p] (slept) v спать; n
сон
sleepy [’sli:pi] а сонный
slept [slept] cm. sleep
slim [slim] а тонкий, стройный
slow [slou] а медленный, медли-
тельный
slowly [’slouli] adv медленно,
тихо
small [sma:l] а маленький, не-
большой
smell [smel] n обоняние
smile [small] v улыбаться
smooth [smu:8] а гладкий, ров-
ный, нежный; v сглаживать,
смягчать
snail [sneil] n улитка
snake [sneik] n змея
snow [snou] n снег
snow-white [’snouwait] а бело-
снежный
snowy ['snoui] а белоснежный
so [sou] adv так, таким образом,
также, тоже; cj так что, итак
so that так что
soft [soft] а мягкий, нежный
softly [’softli] adv мягко
soil [soil] n земля, почва
soldier [’souldja] n солдат
sole [soul] n подошва, пятка
some [sAm] pron несколько, не-
много; некоторый, какой-то,
какой-нибудь
somebody [’sAmbadi] pron
кто-то
someone [’sAmwAn] = somebody
something [’sAmOig] pron что-то,
кое-что
sometimes [’sAmtaimz] adv иногда
son [sah] n сын
song [sorj] n песня
song bird певчая птица
soon [su:n] adv скоро, быстро
sorrow [’sorou] n горе, скорбь
sorry [’son] a. premie, огорчен-
ный, полный сожаления
be (feel) sorry (for) жа-
леть
sort [so:t] n род, вид, сорт
sound [saund] n звук, шум; v
звучать
soup [su:p] n суп
south [sauO] n юг
span fspaen] cm. spin
sparkle [sparkl] v сверкать
sparrow [’spaerou] n воробей
speak [spi:k] (spoke, spoken) v
говорить, разговаривать
special [spefl] а специальный,
особый
spectacles [’spektsklz] n мн. ч.
очки
speech [spi:tf] n речь
spelling [’spelig] n орфография;
написание (слова)
spend [spend] (spent) v прово-
дить (время), тратить, рас-
ходовать
spent [spent] см. spend
spider [’spaida] n паук
167
spin [spin] (span, spun) v прясть,
плести
spin out растягивать
spite [spait] n\ in spite of не-
смотря на
splash [splaef] v брызгать(ся)
spoil [spoil] v портить
spoke 1 [spouk] n спица (колеса)
spoke9 см. speak
spoken [spoukn] cm. speak
spot [spot] n пятно; место
spotted [’spotid] n пятнистый
spread [spred] (spread) v рас-
кидываться), простираться
spread out расправлять
(о крыльях насекомого,
птицы)
spring 1 [sprig] п весна
spring 9 п источник
spun [spAn] см. spin
spy [spai] v зд. видеть
square Iskweo] n зд. площадка
squeal [skwizl] v кричать, виз-
жать
squirrel ['skwirol] n белка
stage [steids] n период, стадия
stair [steol n лестница
stalk [stozk] n стебель
stand [staend^ (stood) v стоять;
выдерживать, переносить
star [staz] n звезда
starling [’stazlig] n скворец
start [stazt] v отправляться, пу-
скаться в путь; начинать
state [steit] п состояние
stay [stei] v оставаться
stay behind остаться, задер-
жаться
steal [stizl] (stole, stolen) v во-
ровать, красть
steam [sti:m] n nap
stem [stem] n ствол; стебель
step [step] n шаг
stick [stik] n палка; v (stuck)
приклеивать(ся), липнуть
.sticky ['stiki] а липкий, клейкий
stiff [stif] а окостеневший, же-
сткий, негибкий
still [stil] а тихий, неподвижный;
adv тихо, неподвижно; все
еще; однако
sting [stirj] (stung) v жалить
stone [stoun] n камень, косточка
(вишни)
stood [stud] см. stand
stop [stop] v останавливаться,
переставать; n остановка
store [stoz] n запас; v запасать,
откладывать; n магазин
storey [’stozn] n этаж
stork [stozk] n аист
storm [stozm] n буря; шторм
story [’stozn] n рассказ
straight [streit] а прямой; adv
прямо
strange [streindj] а странный;
чужой, незнакомый
stranger [’streindja] n незнако-
мец, неизвестный человек
straw [stroz] n солома
stream [strizm] n ручей
strength [stregO] n сила
stretch [stretj] v тянуть(ся), вы-
тягиваться); распространять-
(ся)
strike [straik] (struck) v уда-
ряться)
string [strig] n веревка
strong [strog] а сильный, креп-
кий
struck [strAk] cm. strike
struggle [strAgl] v бороться
stubble [stAbl] n жнивье
stuck [stAk] cm. stick
study [’stAdi] ’ v заниматься,
учиться
stuff [stAf] n материал, вещество
stung [stAg] cm. sting
sty [stai] n свиной хлев
such [sAtJ] а такой
suck [sAk] v сосать
suck up всасывать
suddenly ['sAdnli] adv вдруг, вне-
запно
suffer [’sAfo] v страдать, терпеть
sugar [*Jug9] n сахар
summer [’элтэ] n лето
sun [sah] n солнце
sunbeam [’sAnbizm] n солнечный
луч
sunflower [’элпПаиэ] n подсол-
нечник
sunlight [’sAnlait] n солнечный
свет
sunny [’sAni] а солнечный
sunrise ['sAnraiz] n восход солнца
sunshine [’sAnJain] n солнечный
свет
168
supply [sa’plai] n запас
supper [’sApa] n ужин
sure [Jua] а уверенный
surface [’so:fis] n поверхность
surprise [sa'praiz] n удивле-
ние
in surprise с удивлением
surprised Jsa'praizd] a: be sur-
prised удивляться
swallow 1 [’swalou] n глотать
swallow 2 n ласточка
swam [swaem] cm. swim
swamp [swamp] n болото
swarm [swa:m] n рой, стая
sweet [swi:t] а сладкий; нежный;
приятный; мелодичный (о го-
лосе): п (обыкн. мн. я.) слад-
кое, сладости
sweetly [’swi:tli] adv сладко, ла-
. сково, мелодично
swiftly ['swiftli] adv быстро,
скоро
swim [swim] (swam, swum) v
плавать
swimmer [’swima] n пловец
swing [swig] (swung) v ка-
чаться)
swoop (down) [swu:p] v устрем-
ляться вниз, бросаться; n
устремление вниз
swunj [swaij] см. swing
synonym [’sinanim] n синоним
T
table [teibl] n стол
tail [teil] n хвост
take [teik] (took, taken) v брать,
взять; приводить
take away убирать
take care of заботиться
take off снимать
take out вынимать
take part in принимать уча-
стие в чем-л.
take place случаться, про-
исходить
take up поднимать
talk [ta:k] v разговаривать; n
разговор
tall [ta:l] а высокий
tame [teim] а ручной, послуш-
ный; v приручать
tangle [taeggl] v запутать(ся)
tap [taep] v стучать, постукивать
task [ta:sk] n задача, задание
taught [ta:t] cm. teach
teach [ti:tj] (taught) v учить,
обучать
teacher [’ti:tja] n учитель
teapot ['ti:patj n чайник
tear [tio] n слеза
tear [tea] (tore, torn) v рвать
tease [ti:z] v дразнить; приста-
вать
tea-spoon [’ti:spu:p] n чайная
ложка
tell [tel] (told) v рассказать; со-
общить
terrible [’terabl] а ужасный,
страшный
terribly [’terabli] adv ужасно
test [test] v проверить
than [Saen, dan] cj чем
thank [Oaerjk] v благодарить
thank you спасибо
thanks to благодаря
that1 [Saet] (мн. ч. those) pron
тот, та, то; этот, который
that is why поэтому; вот
почему
that3 cj что
their [Sea] pron их; свой
themselves [Sam'selvz] pron сами,
себя, себе
then [Sen] adv тогда, затем
there [Seo] adv там, туда
these [Si:z] (мн. ч. от this) pron
эти
thick [Oik] а густой; толстый
thief 10i:f] (мн. ч. thieves) n вор
thimble [Oimbl] n наперсток
thin [От] а тонкий; худой; жидкий
thing [Oirj] n вещь; существо;
создание
think [Qirjk] (thought) v думать
third [Oa:d] а третий
this [Sis] (мн. ч. these) pron
этот, эта, это
those [’Souz] (мн. ч. от that)
pron те
though "[Sou] cj хотя, несмотря
на
169
thought [fb:t] см. think
thousand ['Gauzand] num тысяча
thread [Ored] n нить
threadlike [*6redlaik] а нитевид-
ный
threw [Oru:] cm. throw
throat [Grout] n горло
through [Oru:] ргр через
throw [Grou] (threw, thrown) v
бросать, бросить
thrush [Or aJ] n дрозд
thumb [блт] n большой палец
thus [3as] adv так, таким обра-
зом
tickle [tiki] v щекотать; п ще-
котка
tide [taid] п прилив или отлив
tie [tai] v привязывать
tight [tait] adv плотно, крепко
till [til] ргр до; cj до тех пор пока
time [taim] п время, раз
in time в свое время, со
временем
timorous ['timaras] а робкий, бо-
язливый
tiny ['taini] а крошечный, очень
маленький; тоненький (о го-
лосе)
tired [taiad] а усталый
be (get) tired уставать
toe [tou] n палец на ноге
together [ta’geSa] adv вместе
told [tould] см. tell
ton [Un] n тонна
tone [toun] n тон, выражение
(голоса)
tongue [tAij] n язык
too [tu:] adv слишком; также,
тоже
took [tuk] см. take
tooth [tu:G] (мн. 4. teeth) n зуб
top [top] n вершина, макушка
tortoise ['to:tas] n черепаха
touch [tAtJ] v дотрагиваться,
прикасаться; осязать; n при-
косновение; осязание
towards [ta'wa:dz] ргр к, по на-
правлению
town [taun] п город
treat [tri:t] п зд. угощение
tree [tri:] п дерево
triangular [trai'aeggjula] а тре-
угольный
trick [trik] п обман, шутка, ша-
лость
tricky [’triki] а хитрый
trifle (away) [traifl] v зря тра-
тить (время)
tropic ['tropik] п тропик
trouble [ТглЫ] п неприятность;
беспокойство; беда, горе; v
беспокоить(ся)
trout [traut] п форель
true [tru:] а верный, правдивый
it is true это правда
trunk [trAgk] п ствол (дерева)
try [trai] v пытаться, пробовать;
стараться
tuck [tAk] v закутывать
tune [tju:n] v мелодия, мотив
turn [ta:n] v поворачивать(ся);
n поворот; очередь; услуга
turn away отворачиваться
turn back повернуть назад
turn into превратиться в
turn round оборачиваться
twice [twais] adv дважды
twig [twig] n веточка, прут
twist [twist] v скривить
twisted ['twistid] а зд. перепу-
танный, перевернутый
twitter ['twita] v щебетать
U
ugly [Ugh] а безобразный
uncle [Ugkl] n дядя
under [Undo] ргр под; а нижний
underground [Undagraund] а под-
земный
understand [jAnda’staend] (under-
stood) v понимать
understood [.Anda'stud] cm. un-
derstand
unhappy [Un'haepi] а несчаст-
ный
unknown [Un'noun] а неизвест-
ный
unless [an'les] cj если не
untidy [’An'taidi] а неаккуратный
until [An'til] ргр до; cj пока
up [лр] adv вверх, вверху, на-
верху
170
upon [а’рэп] prp на
upper ['лра] а верхний
upside down [’Apsaid'daun] a
перевернутый
use [ju:z] v употреблять, пользо-
ваться; [ju:s] n польза
make use использовать
useful [4u:sful] а полезный
useless rjir.slis] а бесполезный
usually ['juzsuali] adv обычно
vain [vein] а тщетный, напрасный
in vain тщетно, напрасно
valley ['vaeli] n долина
vegetables [’vedsitablz] n мн. ч.
овощи
very ['ven] adv очень; а тот
самый
very much очень
V
vest [vest] n жилет
victim ['viktim] n жертва
visit [’vizit] v посещать, наве-
щать; n визит, посещение
visitor ['vizita] и посетитель,
гость
voice [vois] n голос
in a low .voice тихо
W
wait (for) [weit] v ждать кого-л.
wait upon ухаживать, при-
служивать
wake (up) [weik] (woke, woken)
v просыпаться; будить
walk [wo:k] n прогулка; v ходить
пешком, гулять
take a walk совершать про-
гулку
walk about разгуливать, рас-
хаживать
walk off уходить
walk over идти no
wall [wo:l] n стена
want [wont] v хотеть; нуждаться;
n нужда
warm [wo:m] а теплый
wash [wo]*] v мыть(ся)
• wash up мыть (посуду)
washing ['wajirj] n мытье, стирка
wasp [wosp] n oca
watch [wotj] v наблюдать, сле-
дить за
water [’wozta] n вода
waterfall ['w3:tafo:l] n водопад
w^ve [weiv] v махать; качаться;
n волна
wax [waeks] n воск "
way [wei] n путь, дорога; способ
in this way таким образом
on the way по пути
out-of-the-way отдаленный
weak [wi:k] а слабый
wear [wea] (wore, worn) v но-
сить (одежду), быть одетым
weary [’wian] а усталый, утом-
ленный
weather ['weSa] n погода
weave [wi:v] v плести
weaver ['wizva] n ткач
web [web] n паутина
week [wi:k] n неделя
weight [weit] n вес, тяжесть, груз
welcome ['welkam] n радушный
прием
well [wel] adv хорошо; а здоро-
вый; int ну, что ж и т. д.
went [went] см. go
were [wa:, wa] см. be
wet [wet] а мокрый, сырой
what [wot] pron какой
whatever [wat'eva] pron (после
отриц.) никакой
wheat [wi:t] n пшеница
wheel [wi:l] v описывать круги
(о птице)
when [wen] adv, cj когда
where [wea] adv, cj где, куда
wherever [wear'eva] adv где бы
ни, куда бы ни
which [witj] pron какой, кото-
рый, что
while [wail] п время, промежу-
ток; cj в то время как; пока
171
whistle [wisl] v свистеть; n свист
white [wait] а белый
wljo [hu:] pron кто, который
whole [houll а весь, целый
whose [hu:z] pron чей
why [wai] adv почему; int ну,
ведь и m. д.
that is why вот почему
wide [waid] а широкий; adv ши-
роко
wild [waild] а дикий
will1 [wil] n желание, воля
will2 вспомогательный глагол
для образования будущего
времени
wind 1 [wind] п ветер
wind2 [waind] (wound) v обви-
ваться), обматывать(ся); вер-
теть
winding stair [’waindirj ’stea] n
винтовая лестница
window [’wmdou] n окно
wing [wig] n крыло
be on the wing летать
wink [wnjk] v моргать, мигать;
n моргание; миг
winter [’winta] n зима
wire Fwaia] n проволока
wise [waiz] а мудрый, благора-
зумный
wisely [’waizh] adv мудро, бла-
горазумно
wish [wij] n желание; v хотеть
with [wio] prp с, вместе c
without [wiS'aut] prp без
woke [wouk] cm. wake
woman ['wuman] (мн. ч. women)
n женщина
women ['wimm] cm. woman
wonder [’wAnda] v удивляться;
интересоваться, хотеть знать
wonderful [’wAndafiil] а удиви-
тельный, замечательный
wood [wud] n древесина
wooden [wudn] а деревянный
woodpecker [’wudpeka] n дятел
wool [wu:l] n шерсть
word [wa:d] n слово
wore [wd:] cm. wear
work [wa:k] n работа; v рабо-
тать
worker [’wa:ka] n работник, ра-
бочий
workman [’wa-.kman] (мн. ч. work-
men) n зд. труженик
workshop [’wa:kfap] n мастер-
ская
world [wa:ld] n мир
worm [wa:m] n червь
worse [wa:s] adv хуже
worth [wa:6] а стоящий
wound [waund] cm. wind
wrap [гаер] v завертывать, оку-
тывать
Y
year [jia] n год
yellow [’jelou] а желтый
yellowish ['jelotnf] а желтоватый
yes [jes] adv да ‘
yet [jet] adv еще, все еще; все-таки
young []лд] а молодой; (the) п
детеныши, птенцы
your []э:] pron ваш (твой); свой
yourself [ja:’self] pron сам, себя,
себе
CONTENTS
Page
The Life of Insects
The Spider..................................................... 7
The Show in the Garden................................... 9
The Spider and the Fly (a poem) ....................... 11
The Life of a Fly............................................. 13
Mister Fly (a pdem) ....................	15
The Grasshopper............................................... 17
The Grasshopper and the Ants .......................... 18
The Little Grasshopper (a	poem)......................... 20
The Cricket’s School.......................................... 21
Mary and the Cricket (a poem)........................... 24
The Dragon-fly................................................ 25
A Game of Synonyms.................................. 27
Riddles............................................ 28
In the World of Caterpillars.................................. 29
The Tickle (a poem).................................... 30
The Caterpillar (a poem) .............................. 31
The	Butterfly .............................................  32
The Butterfly and the Bee (a poem) .................... 33
The	Ant .................................................... 34
Gigino Becomes an Ant.................................. 36
The Little Ant (a poem) ............................... 41
Add a Word! ......................................  42
The	Wasp’s House of Mud .................................... 43
A Game of Words.................................... 45
The	Bee ...................................................  46
Bee Song (a poem) ..................................... 48
A Clever Insect.......................................   —
Busy Little Bee (a poem)............................... 50
The Life of Birds
The	Swallow................................................. 53
The Swallows (a poem).................................. 55
The Swallows’ Nest...................................... —
A Game of Antonyms................................. 57
i
173
rhe Sparrow............................................
The Sparrows’ New-Year Tree.......................
Put In a Word!................................
The Sparrow (a poem) .............................
Fhe Dove...............................................
The Dove and the Bee .............................
Answer Quickly!...............................
Die Crow ..............................................
Tommy and the Crows...............................
Work While You Work (a poem) .....................
A Rhyming Game................................
Die Magpie.............................................
The Magpie’s Class................................
Answer Quickly!...............................
Die Skylark............................................
Mrs. Skylark and Her Family ......................
The Little Lark (a poem)..........................
A Game of Homophones..........................
rhe Bluebird...........................................
Peter and the Bluebird............................
Five Little Chickadees (a song) ..................
rhe Robin..............................................
Little Robin Redbreast............................
Do You Remember Their Names?..................
A Game of Words...............................
rhe Bullfinch..........................................
Mark the Bullfinch................................
The Child and the Bird (a poem)...................
Die Crossbill..........................................
The Three Little Crossbills.......................
What Does Little Birdie Say? (a poem) .........
rhe Woodpecker.........................................
How Mr. Woodpecker Drove Bobby Squirrel Away from
the Oak-Tree......................................
What Bird Is It? (a poem)........................
A Game of There and Their.....................
rhe Goldfinch..........................................
The Sunflower’s Visitor...........................
If I Ever See (a poem)............................
Do You Know...................................
rhe Chaffinch..........................................
Pink-Pink the Chaffinch...........................
Little Bird (a poem) ....................
The Chaffinch (a song)............................
A Rhyming Game................................
The Thrush.............................................
The Flight of the Thrushes........................
Try and Guess! ...............................
The Starling...........................................
Riddle........................................
Our Friend Billy..................................
The Bird House (a poem) .................
The Stork .............................................
The Farmer and the Stork..........................
58
59
61
62
63
64
65
66
70
71
72
73
76
77
78
80
81
82
83
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
95
97
99
101
102
103
105
106
107
108
111
112
118
119
120
123
124
125
174
The Eagle........................................................ 127
The	Eagle	and	the	Tortoise............................... 128
A	Spelling	Game...................................... 129
The Crane........................................................ 130
The Fox and the Crane................................... —
, Is It True?........................................ 132
The Sea-gull................................................ 133
The White Sea-gull (a poem)........................... 134
The Penguin................................................. 136
How Penguins	Came	on	an	Island...................... 138
The Humming-Bird	...................................... 140
A Tiny Nest........................................... 141
Find the Name!.................................... 142
What Is It?................................................. 143
The Bat (a poem)...................................... 144
The Bird, the Mouse, and the Bat........................ —
The End of the	Day	(a	poem)......................... 147
Vocabulary..................................................
148
ОТ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВА
Настоящий сборник предназначается для учащихся
VII класса восьмилетней школы. Он состоит из текстов,
имеющих познавательное значение, а также из расска-
зов, загадок, пословиц, игр, стихотворений и песен.
Цель сборника — развитие разговорных навыков
(после каждого рассказа даются вопросы к тексту),
закрепление лексики, изучаемой на занятиях, и неко-
торое расширение запаса слов учащихся.
Алфавитный словарь (в конце книги) и постранич-
ные примечания предназначены для облегчения чтения
и понимания. В примечаниях поясняются незнакомые
учащимся выражения и дается произношение слов, кото-
рые могут вызвать затруднения при чтении.
РАССКАЗЫ О НАСЕКОМЫХ И ПТИЦАХ
Редактор И. Б. Комарова
Художник Е. Я. Захаров
Художественный редактор В. Б. Михневич
Технический редактор Г. И. Голдовская
Корректор Ф. Н. Аврунина
• Сдано в набор 14/1 1961 г. Подписано к печати 25/V 1961 г. Формат бумаги
84 X 108*/з2- Печ. л. 11,0 (9,02). Уч.-изд. л. 7,89. Тираж 100 000 экз. Заказ № 1688.
Цена 20 к.
Ленинградское отделение Учпедгиза. Ленинград, Невский пр., 28.
Ленинградский Совет народного хозяйства. Управление полиграфической про-
мышленности. Типография № 1 «Печатный Двор> имени А. М. Горького.
Ленинград, Гатчинская, 26.
Цена 23 коп.