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rJJerJepaJ/bHblU 3aKOH OT 19 1OJ1S1 1997 r. NQ 109-<I:03 ,,0 6e30naI:HOM o6pmeHltlt I: neCTHI\lUI3MI1 11 arpoXI1MHKaTaMI1 (8 pell. OT 27 12 2009, 04.10.2010) /I C3 P$. 1997. N? 29. CT. 3510. rA?t'lefJOiibHblU 3aKOH OT 21 111OJ1S1 1997 r. N2 116-11'>3 (B pell. OT 27.12.2009) ,,0 npOMbllllJleHHOW 6e30nBCHOCTI1 on3CHblX np0I13BO!lCT- BeHHblX 06'beKTOB» II C3 P$. 1997. N 30 CT. 35S8. QJeiJepa.lbHblU 3aKOH OT 10 JlHDapR 2006 r N 15-<I:03 ,,0 BHeCeHl111 If.!MeHeHH If 1I0n0J1HeHIfi1 B HeKOTopble 3aKOHo.naTeJlbHble aKTbJ Poc- CI1WCKOH <DellepaUIJH B CBR31J C nplJHJlTHeM <De.nepaJIhHOrO 3aKOHB ,,0 nl1ueH3HpOBaHIfif OTneJIbHblX 81.J.1lQB lIeSlTeJ1bHOCTH» (c H3M. OT 30IOHJl2006r). 3aKoH PCCny6J1I1KH TampCTIlH OT 5 I1IOJlJI 2007 r N 26-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 I13MeHeHIJSI B CTaTblO 11 3aKoHa Pecny6J1KI1 TarapCTaH ..06 OTXO.naX npOlf3BO!lCTBa 11 nOl'pe6J1eHHSI» II Be!lOMOCTI1 rocy.fi3pCT- BeHHoro COBna TBTapCTaHB. 2007. N 7 (1.1. I). QJedepu,bHblU JBKOH OT 31 IfIOJI.II 1998 r. N 155-<I:03 ,,0 BHyrpeH- HX MOpCKX BOll3X. TepplJTOpitaJIbHOM MOpC iii npMJ!e)!(Bweli 30He POCCi1CKOi1 l1'>\:llepaL[IiI». QJeiJepa.lbHblU 3aKOH OT 27 .neKa6pSl 2009 r. N 364-4>3 «0 BHeCeHl111 I13MeHeHli B <I:oenepa.bHhli1 3aKOH «0 BH)'TpeHHI1X MOpCKI1X BOllax, TeppHTOpl1aJ1bHOM Mope 11 nplJJ1eralOlUew JOHe POCCWCKOW <I:oenepa- L[I1I1» 11 OTlle.!lbHhle 3aKOHOllaTCJ1hHble BKTbl Poccl1i1cKoii <DClICpaUI1I1» (]./e(JeplJlbHblu3aKOH OT 2 }IHBapSi 2000 r. NQ 20-<I:03 «0 BHeCeHl11f 113leHeHI1W  1l0nOJlHeHI1W B 3aKOH Poccl1wcKoli <DellepaL[H ..0 He- np.n"ll Pocclilf1cKaH raJCTJ. 2000. 13 JlHBap}[. QJeiJepa.lbHblU 3aKOH OT 30 MBPTa 1999 r NQ-6S <I:03 (c 113M) ..0 CII- HI1TapHO-3IJ1mCMI10J10rl1"1eCKOM 6J1aronOJl)''11i111 HBctJ1eHI1}[» II C3 P$. 1999. N 14 CT. 1650. 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KIiI TBTapCTaH ,,0 CBHI1TapHO-3nW!eMI10J10rl1"1ecKO"t 6Jl3rOn0J1Y'1111f Hace.eHIfR& II Be1l0MOCTI1 roqrD.apCTBeHHoro COBeTII TBTapCTaHB 2006 rJJerJepaJ/bHblu 3BKOH OT 17 .neKa6pSl 1998 r. N 191-<I:03 (c 113M.) ..06 I1CKJlIO'1I1TeJlbHOW 3KOHOMI1'ieCKOW 30He POCCIfWCKOW <DellepaL[I1I1& II C3 P$. 1998. NQ 51. CT 6273. fPeiJepanbHblu 3BKOH OT 21 1iIl0J1S1 1997 r. N 116-<I:03 ,,0 npOMbllll- nCHHoi1 6c30n3CHocnl onacHblx npOI13BOllCTI;IeHHblX 06'heKroB» II C3 P<D 1997. N 30 CT. 3588. 3a/(oH Pccny6J1I1K TBTBpCTaH OT 5 111OJ1J1 2UU7 r N 26-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 I13MeHeHSI B CTaTblO II 3aKOHa Pecny6.11111(11 TBTapCTaH ..06 OTX01l3X npOlf3BO!lCTBa 11 nOl'pe6J1eHI1S1» /I Be!lOMOCTI1 rOCY.fi3pCT- BeHHoro COBeTa TarapCTaHa. 2007. N> 7 (<J:. I) QJeiJepa.lbHblU JaKOH OT 30 HOR6pSl 1995 r NQ 187-<I:03..0 KOHTIfHeH- T1l,,"1bHOM me.!lh<JIe POCCI1WCKOW <DcllCpaL[I1I1» (c H3M) II POCCIJi:iCKaH nl3eTa. 1995. 12 IilJOJ1J1. NQ 237; C3 P$. 1995. NQ 49. CT. 4694. 104 
rJJedepl1ilbHbiU 3aKOH OT 18 111OJ1J1 2008 r. N 120-<I:03 ...0 BHeCeHl111 I1JMeHeHH If HOnOJlHeHI1i1 B l1'JepaJIbHbli1 JaKOH ,,0 KOHTI1HeHTaJlh- HOM me.J1b POCCi1CKOi1 <DlIepaIDm» KnHlliem,uH HaUI'IOHaJlbHOi1 6eJOnaCHOCTI1 POCCHHCKOn l1'Jt:llepaUIfIf. YTB. YKa30M npe:nill.eHTa Pt:l> OT 17 neKa6pSl 1997 r. N 1300 (B pell. OT 27 HOR6pR 2007 r) /I POCClilikKa.ll ra:JeTa 1999.26 JJ.eKa6p.ll flOIWJlCeHUe 0 rOCYlIapCTBeHHoi1 cJ1YJK6e Ha6111Q[J,eHI1H Ja COCTOHH- eM OKpYJKalOlllei1 Cpellhl. YTBepJK1l.CHO nocrdHOIi.eHl1eM npaBI1Te1lhCTBa Pt:l> OT 23 aBfVCTd 2000 r. NQ 35// C3 Pt:l>. 2000. N 35 CT. 3590. YKl13 npe.31'111eHTa Pt:l> OT 4 IOHSI 2008 r N 889 ,,0 HeKoTopblX Me- pax no nOBblmeHl11O 3HepreTH"IeCKOH iii 3KOJlOrH"IeCKOW 3<J1<J1eKTHBHo- CTI'I pOCCI1i1CKOi1 3KOHOMIfKH» flocml1lio6J1el/ue npaBHTCQbCTBa Pt:l> OT 4 HOSl6pR 20M r N 592 ..06 yrBtp)!(JJ.eHIiIH nepe'iHJI J.a60J1eBaHI1W. B03HHKHOBtHl1e 11J111 060CT- pHHe K01OPb!X 06YCJ10BJIeHO R03I1ei1cTRl1eM pal\I13L[H BCJ1t:1\CTBl1e Ka- TacTpo(jJb! Ha 1.IepHo6t,lJ1bCKoi1 A3C. BBap1111 B 1957 rOJlY HB npOI13BOll- CTBeHHOM 06'b1I.l1HeHI1 " MB.IIK»  C6POCOB ()T'(O/lOB B peKY Te"lB» flocml1HOf1U'Hue npaBl1'rem,cTBa P<t;o OT 8 MB.II 2007 r. N 273 ,,06 IfC<JIfCJleHI1I1 paJMepa Bpella. npH"II1HeHHOro JleCaM BCJleJlCTBHe Hapy- meHliI.II JleCHOrO JaKOH01l.3TeJ1bCTBa». Cy,o,e6Ha.ll npaKTHKa flocmaHo6MHue nneHyMB 8epxoBHoro cYHa Pt:l> OT 14 lIeKa6pJl 2000 r. N 35 ..0 HeKOTopblX BOnpOCax. B03HI1KalOlllHX nplf p3CCMOT- pCHlf11 neJ1. CBH3aHHblX C pe3JI.113aUl1eW I1HBaJll1l1BMI1 npBB. rBpaHTIf- pOBaHHblX 3aKOHOM POCCI1WCKOW l1'Jt:llepaL[IiIH ,,0 COL[I13J1.hHOW 3allll'lTe rpaJK1W.H, nOllBeprwxcSI Ro:tIJ.eHCTH1O PBllI13L[I1H RCJ1e1lCTRl1e KBTaCT- P04>bl H3 lJepHo6t,[I]hCKoi1 A3C» flocml1HOfJIel/ue nneHYMB BepxOBHoro CyJJ.3 PtD OT 24 $eBpaJISi 2005 r. N 3 ,,0 cyne6Hoi1 npw.TlIKe no 1!CJ1aM 0 3al1!1ne 'ieCTI1  llOC- TOHHCTBa rpaJK1W.H, B TalOKe He.oBoi1 penyraL[HH rp"l)!(Jl,JH H IOpI11lH'Ie- CKI1Xnu* flor.t7klH06MIIUe nJ1eHYMa 8blcmero Ap6HTpa)KHoro CYHa Pt:l> OT 26 I1JOJ1S1 2007 r N 46 ..0 BHeceH1f1f HOnOJlHeHI1 B nOCTIlHOBJIeHlile nJ1eHYMa BblClliero Ap6mpaJKHOrO CyJJ.3 POCCHWCKOH tDellepaUl111 OT 2 I1IOH.II 2004 r. N 10 ,,0 HeKOTopblX Bonpocax, BOJHI1KalOmlfX B CYlle6Hoii npaKTI1Ke npl1 paCCMOTpeH nJ1 06 8JlMHI1CTpan1l!HhIX npaBOHapyweHI1HX<>. flOCml1HOf1U'Hue KOHcnrryIUtOHHoro CY.l\a Pt:l> OT 5 $eBpaJISi 2007 r. N 2-n flocml1lf06U'Hue nneHYMa BepXOBHOro Cy.na Pt:l> OT 26 SlHBapH 2010 r N I ,,0 npl'lMeHeHl111 CYllBMH rpa)!(JJ.aHcKoro 3aKOHOllBreJlbCTBa, peryJ1l1pylOlllero OTHOllleHIfSI no 06.113aTeJ1bCTBaM BCJ1eJ:!CTBl1e npl1"1He- 105 
HI1H Bpe.aa )l(I13H 11J11i1 :w.oPOBblO rpaJK1W.HI1Ha" II 6101I1IeTeHb BepxOB- HOrO Cy.aa Pt:l> 2010 N 3 flocmaH06U'Hue ll11eHYMOB BepxOBHoro CYll3 Pt:l> iii Bblcwero Ap- 6lfTpB)I.(HOrO Cy.na Pt:l> OT 29 anpeJIJI 2010 r N 10/22 ..0 HeKOTopblX BQnpocax, B03HI1KalOml1X B cyn6Hoi1 npaKTI1Ke npl1 pa3pemeH11 cnopOB. CBSl3aHHblX c 3aWHToi1 npBBa C06CTBCHHOCTI1 If .IIpyrlfx BelU- HhlX npaR" OCHOBH8S1 nHTepaTYpa A6oHUHO E.H. KOMMeHTaplfi1 K <I:oenepa.bHoMY 3aKOH\I ..Ofi cu,paHe OKpy;KalOmeW CPlIbl" M . OCb-89. 2006 . 6PUH'IYK M.M. 3KOJlOrH"IeCKOe npaBO (npaBO oKPY}l(3lOmei1 Cpenbl). Y"Ie6HIfK W1S1 C1)'.II. BV30B no cneUI1a.%HOCTI1 «lOpl'lcnpylleHUHSI" M..2008. D.yXIIO H.A. 3KOJlOrH'lecKIiI npaBonopRllOK nOHSITHe, C"fJJYl.T)'JJ3, ynpaBJIeHl1e. cnoco6b1 3aml1TbI. M.: lOp I1H-T MrnC. 2006 Konbl.w8 M H. EBelleHlfe B Me)l(J1)'HapOllHOe 3KOJIOrl1"1CCKOe npaBO. M J.13Jl-BO POCCHl;cKoro YHI1BepCI1TTa lIpyJK6bl HBpOlIOB (PYDH), 2009. MlIphUH E.D. OpraHI1J3L[110HHo-npaBoBow MexaHH3M 3KOIJOm'l.eCKoro Bymrrd. M.. BOJITep<: KrIyBep. 2010. flemp060 T B IlpaBoBble npo6J1eMhl 3KOHOMIf"leCKOrO MexaHI13MB oxpaHbl oKjJy)!(alOllIeti cpe.l\bl. M.: 3epuano, 2006. flemp060 IO.H KpaTKI1W KYpC no 3KOJlorl1"1eCKOMY npaBY M' OMera-11.201O TU}'H06 D.H., Mal/oe 61 Ilpl1HUliln co6.rJlO!leHHSI Me)l(J1)'H3pO!lHblX 1I0rOBopOB: K0J1J1113I1R Me>l<.1lYHapO.l\HOro H HBL[I10HaJlbHOro npm13 II )!(YPHaJI pOCCHCKOro npaBa. 2008. NQ 6. CoKo'106O H A. MCJKl!yH3pOllHO-npaBOfible np06J1eMbI B c<JIep<: oxpa- Hbl oKPY)I(alOlUdl Cpe!lb!: MOHorpal}ilil.ll. M : IlpocneKT, 2010. TOII.?uee E.E 3KOJlOrl1"1eCKl1e JlBJlCHIiIR" $OpMbI. CI1CTCMa C1l6' }()pl1J\l1"1eCKIiIl; L[eHTp npecc. 2010. (]Jpo.I060 D D. IlpaBoBoe perYJ1lfpOBaHHe HCnOJlbJOBaHHR 11eCOB B POCCI1I1. M.: 3HaHl1e. 2010. /Opudu'K!CICaR 3HUIfKJ10nellHSI M' }()PI1Hl}iopMueHTjJ. 2004 /()pIIihl<IOCKUU 3HL[I1KJ10ne.r:aJ"IeCKl1ti CJIoaapb I nOIl pClI.- CA. 60ro- 111060Ba. M.: HOPMB, 2005. ,Uono1JllHTeJJhHaHJlHTepaTYJIa J(y6oeuK OJ!. 3K0J10rl1"1eCKO npaBQ B BonpOCIiX 11 OTBeTax: Y"Ie6- Hoe noc06l1e M.' TK 8eJ16H. 2008 106 
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CTaTMI 173. npl13H3HI1e BIlIIiIMI1 CI111y OTlIeJlbHblX 3aKOHOlla- TeJlbHblX aKTOB Pccny6J1I1KH TaTapCTaH npH3H3Tb yrpaTHBWi1MH CI1J1Y co nHSl BCT)'nJleHi1S1 B CHJlY HaCTOH- mere KOl1eKca' JaKoH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapcraH OT 2 I1JOJlH 1997 rQlJ,a NQ 1241 ..06 oxpaHe 11 PflUHOHaJlbHOM i1CnOJlb30BaHI1I1 >KI'IBOTHOro Mi1pa» (8elloMo- CTI'I fOCY1l3pCTBeHHoro COBeTa TaTapCTaH3. 1997. NQ 7); J'lKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapcT3H OT 2 I1JO.H 1997 rOJ\a NQ 1243 ..06 or..QD,dX npolil3BollCTBB H norpe6J1eHI1S1" (8eJ\oMocTI1 focynapcTBeHHoro COHeTa TaTapcTaHa, 1997. NQ 7); 3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH OT 18 ceHTH6pH 1997 rOJla NQ 1303 ..0 paCTI1TeJlhHOM "'l1pe.. (8eJ\oMocTI1 focynapCTBeHHoro COBeTa Tamp- CTaHa.1997,NQ 10); 3aKoH PCCny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH OT 16 OKTH6pH 1997 rOlla NQ 1360 ..06 oc060 oxpaHSIeMblX npl1pOJ\HblX TppI1TOpHX" (8J\OMOCTI1 foey- napcn;eHHoro COBeTa T3TapCTaH3, 1997. N'! II), 3aKoH Pecny6J1HKI1 TaTapcTaH OT 21 OKTH6pH 1999 rolla NQ 2442 ..06 oxpaHe 11 paL[I10HaJlbHOM CllOJ1b30lJaHI1I1 aTMocepHoro B0311yxB" (8elloMocTI1 rocynapCTBeHHoro COBem TaTapCTaHii, 1999, N II). 3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KH TarapcTaH OT 22 eBpaJISi 2001 rOll3 NQ 648 ..0 BHeceHl111 H3MeHeHI1W B 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1K11 TaTapcTaH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paL[110HaJlhHO'" I1CnOJlh30BaHI111 )KBOT]ioro Ml1pa.. (8elloMoeTH focy- napcmeHHoro COBe'JJ TaTapcTaHa, 2001. N'! 3); 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KH TaTapcTaH OT 22 eBpaJISi 2001 r01l3 NQ 649 ..0 BHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paUI10HfLlbHOM HCnOJlb30BaHI1I1 3TMocepHoro B01lJ.YXdo> (8elloMocTI1 focynapcTBeHHoro COBeTa TaTapCTaHa, 2001. NQ 3); JaKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTflH OT 25 OKT.II6pR 2001 r01l3 N 1144 ..0 BHCCCHIiIIiI 113MCHeHi1W B 3aKoH PCCny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH ..06 OTX01l3X np0l13BOIICTBa iii nOTpe6J1HIf.SI0> (8ellm,tOeTI fOcY1l.3PCTIJeHHoro COBTa TaTapcTaHa. 2001, NQ II); 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH OT 15 OKT.II6pH 2002 rOlla N'! 16-3PT ..0 BHeCCHl111 113MeHeHHi1 11 nOnOJlHeHHSI B 3aKOH Pecny6J1i1KI1 TaTap- CTaH «06 oc050 oxpaHSIeMblx nplilpollHblX TeppHTOpI'lSl>C:. (8CIIOMOCTI1 focynapCTBeHHoro COHeTa TarapcraHa, 2002. NQ 10), 3aKoH Pecny6JU1KIiI TaTapCTaH OT 21 OKTH6pR 2003 rOlla N2 45-3PT ..0 HHeCeHl111 3MeHeHlili1 11 1I0no11HeHI1i1 B 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TiiTap- CTaH ..0 pacTHTCJlbHOM Ml1pe» (8elloMocTI1 focynapCTI!eHHOrO COBeTa TaTapCTaHa,2003,NQ 10); 3aKOH Pecny6.IIHKI1 TaTJ.pcT3H OT 25 eBpa.rlH 2004 rona N'! 7-3PT ..0 BHeCeHHi1 li13MeHeHI1W B 3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH ..0 paCTH- TeJlbHOM Mlilpe.. (8eJ\oMocTI1 fOCYll3pcTBeHHoro CoBeTd TaTapcTflHa. 2004.NQ2(1'lacTb); 224 
JaKOH Pecny6J1I1KH T:napCTaH OT 24 MapTa 2004 raJla Ni> 20-3PT ..0 BHeceH1iI1iI I1JMeHeHI1i1 B 3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KH TaTapcTaH ..06 OTXOllaX npOI1JBOLlCTBa  nOTpe6J1HIfSI» (BeJlOMOCTIi fOcYlIBpcTlleHHoro COBna TaTBpcTaHa. 2004, NQ 3 (II 'l3CTb); 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1K TaTapCTaH OT 24 Mapm 2004 rOl1a NQ 22-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 JMeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapCTflH «06 oxpaHe 11 paUl10HaJlbHOM IiICnOJlb30BaHI1I1 aTMocepHoro oo:m.yxiI» (BeOOHOCl11 focynapcTBeHHoro COHem TaTapCTaHa, 2004. NQ 3 (11 "IaCTb); 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KI'I TaTapcTaH OT 26 MapTa 2004 ro.rr.a Ni> 28-3PT ..0 BHeceH1111 113MeHeHI1fi 11 1l0nOJlHeHlilii B 3aKOH PeCIJy6J1I1KIiI Ta- TapcTaH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paUl10HaJlbHOM IiICnOJlbJ08aHIiII1 >KI1BOTHOro Ml1pa» (BeiloMocTI1 focYlIapcTBeHHoro COBeTa TampCT3H3, 2004. NQ3 (V "IaCTb). 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1K11 TaTapcTaH OT 28 I1JOHSI 2004 r01l3 N2 38-3PT ..06 oxpaHe OKpYJKaJOll{ew CPLlbl B Pecny6J1I1Ke TBmpcraH» (Be.LIOMO- CTI'I fOCYllaPCTBeHHOrO COBeTa TaTapcTaHa. 2004. Ni> 6); 3aKOH Pecny6J1KI1 TampcraH OT 16 HO.ll6p 2004 rOM N 53-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 IiIJMeHeHI1i1 B 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KH TaTapcTaH «06 o.'<paHe 11 paUI10Ha.lbHOM IiICnOJlb30BaHI111 aTMocepHoro BO:my'W» (BeLloMocTI1 focynapCTBeHHoro COHeTfl TarapcraHa, 2004. NQ II), 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KI'I TaTapcTaH OT 8 neKa6p 2004 roJla NQ 61-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 JMeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paUI10HaJlbHOM I1CnOJlbJOBaHl111 )l(IiIBOTHOro Ml1pa» (Be1l0MOCTH rocy- .uapcTBeHHoro COBera TaTapcTaHa, 2004. NQ 12 (II "IaCTb); JaKOH Pecny6J1I1K TaTapcTaH or 6 OKT.II6p 2005 rana Ni> 98-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 1i13MeHeHI1W B 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapcraH ..06 01:060 oxpaHSIeMblx npnpOllHblX Teppl1TOplfSlX» (B!:JJ.QMOcrl1 rOCYllapCTBeHHoro COBeTa TaTapcTaHa, 2005. NQ 10 (I "I3CTb); 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KIiI TBTapCTaH OT 6 OKT6p 2005 rOJla NQ 99-3PT ..0 BHeceH1iI1iI I1JMeHeHI1i1 B JaKOH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TampcTaH ..06 ODrollJX npO31J0LlCTBa iii nOTpc6;JCHI111» (BenoMocTIi fOCY1I.3PCTBCHHoro COBCn! TaTapcTaHa, 2005, Ni> 10(1 "IacTb). 3aKoH PeCny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH OT 28 HOH6pR 2005 r01l3 NQ 114-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 JMeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapcraH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paUI10HaJlbHOM I1CnOJlh30BaHI111 >KIiIBOTHOro Ml1pa» (Be1l0MOCTH focy- 1I.3pCTBeHHoro COHera TaTapcTaH3, 2005. N II); 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KI'I TaTapcTaH OT 27 anpeJlSl 2006 rOlla NQ 31-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 1i13MeHeHI1W II 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1K11 TaTapcTaH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paLll10HaJlbHOM I1CnOilh30BaHI111 }I(l1BOTHOro Ml1pa» (Be.r:IoMOCTH rocy- 1I.3pCTBeHHoro COBera TaTapcTaHa. 2006. NQ 4); JaKOH Pel:ny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH or 21 I1JOHSI 2006 rOM Ni> 43-3PT ..0 BHeceH1iI1iI I1JMeHeHI1i1 B 3axOH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH ..06 OTXOllaX npOJBOLlCTB3 iii nOTpe6J1I:HI111» (Be1l0MOCTIi fOcYlIBpcTBeHHoro COBna TaTapcTaHa. 2006, NQ 6 (I "IaCTb); 225 
JaKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapCTaH or 21 I1JOHSI 2006 ro.aa NQ 44-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 1i13MeHeHI1e:1 B 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KH TarnpcrnH ..06 o.'<paHe 11 paUI10Ha'IbHOM CIlOJ1b30BaHI1I1 BTMocepHOro B03II)"GJ." (Be1l0MOCTI1 focyn.apcTBeHHoro COBeTa TBrapcTaHB, 2006. Nt! 6 (I '1aCTb). 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapcTaH OT 22 I1JOHSI 2006 rOlla NQ 47-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1W H JaKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapCTBH ..06 oxpaHe oKpy;t<aJOwei1 Cpellbl B Pecny6J1I1Ke TBTapcTaH" (BelloMocTIi focynapcT- BeHHOro COBeTa TarBpcraHa. 2006, N 6 (I <iaCTb), 3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH OT 5 I1IOJlJI 2007 r01l3 NQ 26-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 113'>teHeHIiIJI B CTaTblO II 331WHB PeCny6J1I1KI1 TBTapcTaH ..06 OTXOllax npOlillllOD.Cml 11 nOTpe6J1eHIfJI" (B!:JJ.QMOCTI1 focynapcT- BeHHOrO COBeTa TBTapcraHa. 2007, NQ 7 (I 'l.3CTb); JaKOH Pecny6J1KI1 TaTapCTaH aT 5 I1IOJl.ll 2007 ro.aa N 27-3PT ..0 RHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TBTapcraH ..06 oxpaHe oKpy;t<aJOrncw Cpellhl B Pecny6J1I1Ke TBTapcTBH" (BenoNOCllI fOCYD.3PCT- BeHHOrO COBeTII TBTapcraHa. 2007, NQ 7 (I 'I.aCTb); JaKOH Pecny6m.IKIiI TarapcTaH OT 29 lIeKa6pH 2007 ron.a Nt! 70-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1W H JaKOH Pel:ny6J1I1KI1 TarapCTBH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paL[I10HaJlhHOM I1CnOJlh30BaHI111 )KIiIBOTHOro Ml1pa.. (8e1l0MOCTH focy- napcTBeHHoro CODeTa TaTapcTaHB, 2007. NQ 12 (II "I3CTb); JaKOH Pecny6J1I1KIiI TarapcTaH OT 31 lIeKa6pH 2007 ron.a Nt! 74-3PT ..0 BHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1" H 3aKOH Pel:ny6J1I1KI1 TarBpcraH ..06 oc060 oxpaHSIeMblx nplJpOllHblX Teppl1TOplfSlX" (B!:.1\OMOcrl1 rOCYllapCTBeHHoro COBeTa TaTapcTaHB, 2007. NQ 12 (II "I3CTb); . nOCTaHOBJIeHlile focynapCTBeHHOrO COBeTa Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TBTap- CTaH OT 23 JlHBapll 1997 rOj](! NQ 1007 ..0 nOpRllKe BBClIeHIfR B lIdkTBl1e 3aKOHa Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 T mapCTaH ..06 OTXOD.3X npO3- BOl\Cml11 nOTpe6JJeHI1I1» (Be1l0MOCTI1 focYllapcToeHHoro COBera TBTapcTaHB. 1991, NQ 7); . nocTaHOBJIeHe focynapCTBeHHoro COBeTa Pecny6J1KI1 TBTBp- CTaH or 26 MBpTa 1997 rolla N 1100 ..0 nOpllllKe BBetleHI1R B lIei1cTBl1e 3aKoHB Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TBTapcTaH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paul'lo- HaJlhHOM IiICnOJlb30eaHI111 )KI1BOTHOrO Ml1pa.. (Be1l0MOCTI1 focy- .napcrBeHHoro COBeTa TaTapcTaHB, 1997. N<! 7); . nOL"TaHOBJIeHlile focynapcTBeHHoro CooeTa PeCny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTap- CTaH OT 23 MBJI 1997 ro.aa N 116 ..0 EBelleH1111 B neiiCTIJl1e Ja- KOHa Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TBTapCTaH ..0 p3CTI1TeJlbHOM Ml1pe.. (Be11OMo- CfI1 rOCYllapCTBeHHoro COBeTa TampcraHa. 1997. NQ (0). npe3H1leHT Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TBTapcraH \l1l1 likIiiMuee KG::JGllb, Kpe""b, 15IHBBpH 2009 rOlla. N<! 5-3PT 226 
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