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19

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20

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21

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22

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23

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24

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25

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26

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WI1BaeT pe6S1T. KaKMM '\.1aTepUaJIOM MO:>KHO 3aMeHMTb 111l1rrOBHI1K M qTO 113
HerO MO}KHO cn.enaTh.
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110MHMTb 0 TOM, QTO ou,eHKa ,1]:eTCKMX pa60T TaK>Ke SlBJI.SIeTC.SI cpe;J:cTHoM
BOCrrI1TaHH.Sl II 06Y1..£eHI1Sl. n03TOMY omeKTMBHoCTh, rrOXBaJIa B ou,eHKe ,!J:o-
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B nepBoe BpeMSI BocnUTaTenb OTMeqaeT HaM60JIee YJJ:aBwUeC.SI pa60Tbl.
Ho eC!IH }' pe6eHKa He nOJIYQl1naCh HrpyuIKa. a OH CTapa:ICR, TO ero rrpM-
ne}KaHl1e He }10JI>KHO OCTaThCSl 6e3 BHH'\1aHIUL Ba>KHO nO;D:nep:>KaTh CT8-
paHHSI MaJIhIWa, nOM01jh e\1Y rrOBepliTh B CBOH CJiflbL JIYlJIlle Bcero 3TO
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rrl1TaTenh CTpeMUTCH HanpaBllTb BIIHMaHHe pe6S1T Ha aHa:J113 rrOIIO}KM-
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rrepBYIO oqepe.IU> ;:J,OCTH:>KeHMR TOBapUIllel:l, HX npU:Ie}KaHMe. BocrIluaTenh
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BaTb .!]:eTeM, nOBbICIUh I1X }''\1CmeHH}'JO aKTMBHOCTb B rrponecce M3rOTOB-
JIeHMSI HfpYIllKH.
27

KorAA 11 KAK PA60TATb
B ;o,eTCKOM ca,a;y pa60TY c npll.pO,D,HbIM MaTepllaJIOM Op:raIlIl3YJOT lIB
3aU5ITHSlX B nepBOH rrOnOBnne ;IJJISI.
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npOBO,!UHh 3aHHTH71 rro 3aMbIc.rry, oco6eIlIIo Ha nepBbIx rropax. Kor,lla
pe6snE ellJ,f He HaYQI1JIUCb COOTHOCI1Tb 3aMhICJIhI co CBOl1MU B03MO)KUO-
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KOHTponh 3a .n.ellcTBI1.SIMH pe6SlT.
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rpynna ;aeTen:, 'IaK KaK no;n,rOTOBKa MaTepl1ana (Hape3aHl1e 6epeCThI, pO-
r03a) B OCHOBHOM OCYllJ,eCTBJI.SIeTCSl BOCIIRTaTe.rreM 3apaHee, oc06eHHO npM
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rpaMMbT) HY}KHO npH}"4aTb pe6S1T ,lle:IaTb 3TO caMOCTO.SITeJIbHo.
XOpOlllO eCJUI B rpyrrrre C03!1.811bI YC.:lOBJUI ;J.JHI pa60TbI C I1pnpOI\HbiM
\.1aTepH8JI0'\.1 B cB060JJ:Hoe OT 3aHHTHI1: BpeMSl, onpe}1e:IeHO MeCTO, me ,IIeTI1
npH JKeJIaHHH MOrJ1M 6bl 3anuMaTbcSl 3TOI:I ,neSlTe.rrhHocTbIO_ BocrrnTaTenh
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KaK C03.J,aeTCR I1rp}'rnKa. KaKMe orrepal{l:IH rrpH 3TOM He06xo,J:I1MO
Bblrro.rrHUTl.?
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28

nO,D,eJ1Kll .uOCTMraeTC.sI npM nOMOlltM ITJJaCTM:II1Ha. TIJIaCTHJIHH HCn0J1b3Y-
eTCH 13 OCHOBIIOM .D.Jl.sI BpeMeHHoro CKpeITJIeHM.sI n:eTaJIefl: HanpHMep. BOC-
nMTaTenh 130 BpeMSl c60pa npupOJJ:Horo MaTepH8J1a H8 3KCKypCI1U rOTOBHT
HOBYIO nO,D,eJ1KY (':IT06hI rrOKa3aTb B03MO}KHOCTM ero MCrrOJIb30BaIillSl), ,IVIJI
coen:MHeHM.sI ,1]:eT8J1eH npMMeIDIeT nnaCTI1JIMH. QT06hI coeJJ:l1IlHTb rO'10BY H
TynOBHlI.{e llnCbl. JJ:eJIalOT He6onblliOlI ll1apHK H3 ruracTlI-.MHa. ,UM8MeTpOM
2 C'\.1, B ueHTp KOToporo CIIM3Y BJIaKJHBaeTC.sI IlII1IlIKa-TynoBMllte, a
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:>KemUI BBepx K rO:IOBe H BUll3 K ryllOBMIIJ,Y. llnaCTlllillIl ;:J.J1H COeJI.JffieHHSl
qaCTeH I1rpYlllKM MCn0J1b3YIOT Torn:a. KOr,IIa Y JJ:eTeH eIll,e He Bblpa60T8J1C.sI
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8 -10 ceKYHI\ npmKHMalOT I\pyr K I\Pyry, nocJle '1ero OCTOpO>KHO KJlal\YT
na nOJJ:CTaBKY JJ:O nOJIHOrO BblCblxaHHR. TIoKa 3TI1 'tIaeTM urpYlliKU IIOJJ:-
CblxalOT. pe6eHOK 3arOTaBJ1ll.BaeT OCTaJIbllble .II.e'IaJ1ll. (PYKll, HorH,
lllanO':lKY H T. 11. ).
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CTpYMeHTO"i C.7e,UyeT OOpaIIJ,8TbCH OqeHI. OCTOpOlKHO, n03TOM}' OCHOBJIfIO
pa60TY C lllWlOM BhmOJIHHeT BocnHTaTeJIb. CTaplilMe ;::{eTH. KOTOpbIM
MO}KHO JJ:OBepUTb HHCTpYMeHT. BhInOJIHHIOT pa60TY TOJ1bKO nOJJ: KOHTPO-
JIeM B3pOCJ10ro. GT06bI coe,UHHI1Tb rOJIOBY 11 TY.'10BHru:e OCJIHKa rrpM rro-
MOlltll. BeTO'tJKH, CHaq8J13 13 :>KenYII,e-rOnOBe n B )Keny;!],e-rylloBHIIJ,e .11ena-
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;J:ep}KI1BaIOT 3a 60KOBbIe CTOpOHbI naJIbIl,aMM JIeBOl1 PYKH. B npaB}'lO PYKY
6epYT lllH:JO. BeTaB..TT.sIIOT ero B u.eHTp }KeJIyn:5I (ca'\.10e MSirKoe MeCTO) If,
CJIerK3 HaJ],aBJIHBa.sI Ha 1ll1:l::IO, O,IIHOBpeMeHHO npOM3BOJI..SIT nOKaQlIBaIOlllUe
n:BI1}KeHM.sI PYKOH. 3n:ecb OQeHb Ba}KHO Ha}"4lfTbCSl YJJ:ep}KHBaTb IlIHJIO B Me-
CTe lIaKOJIa. '4T06bI OHO He COeKOQI1J10. A JJ:JI.sI ::HOro Tpe6yeTC.sI onpeJJ:e-
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(lliunoBHMK). nOcJIe TOro K3K oTBepcTHSl 6YJJ:YT c.!]:enaHbI. B HMX BCTaBJ1S1IOT
KOHbI npOno.TTroBaToll BeTOQKll_ OCTaB.7I.sISl ee cepelll1HY Me>K.U}' }Ke-
JIYllSlMU: TaK nOJ1Y'4aeTCSI IlIe.sI_ 'IT06bI COeD,I1I1eHUe 6bl:IO 60:ree rrpo4HbIM.
KOHllI.I BeTOQeK cua'4a'1a C\.1a3bIBaIOT K.:leeM. a 3aTeM BCTaB:JRIOT ux B OT-
BepCTllSI >Ke::If,IIeH_ OnI1caHHbIe BbIlile npHeMbI coe.J,I1HeHMSl .ueTaJIetl
J'\.JO)KHO rrpUMeH.sITb npM H3TOTOBJIemHl 60JIbll1lfHCTBa HrpyrueK.
.D:eT8J11I MO.>KUO coeJJ:MHSlTh 11 HI1TKaMH. npoBonoKoH (oc06euHo QaCTO
MCn0.'1b3}'IOT ux 13 pa60Te C COJ1oMoi1:). Bee 3TM npneMbI nOJJ.P06Ho orrl1-
eaHbI B xon:e 1I3fOT0I1JIeHJ1S1 MrpYllieK
29

npnKpen.TJeHlIe rOTOBhIX lIrpyrneK K nO.D.CT3BKe ocy-
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CT3BKe.
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ru3IDTCSl. OCOOeHHO rrpn HeOCTOpO:>KHOM 06p3rneHHH C H"MH. X P 3 H H T b
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,II.eTI1, p3CCM3TpHBaSl C8011 rro;o:e.1KIl. lIe TOJIbKO P3YIOTCH ycrrex3M B
Tpy;n,e, HO H caMOKpHTUqHO oueHImaIOT p360TbI.
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pa3Mepy.
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30

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MATEPIIIAI\A
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MOCTOHTenbHOM}' nOHCKY II)lTeH COBepllIeHCTBOBaHJIH KOHCTPYKllHH Hrpy-
IlIKH, ee }'KpallleHJIH, cnoc06CTByeT IIpOHBJIeHHIO n;pY>KeCKnX B3aHMOOTIIO-
liIeHnH Me}K,Uy ,lIeTbMH B xo.n;e BbITIOJl11eHHH 3a,n:aHulL
5. AHaJ1IB rOTOBoir JIrpYIliKII, B npouecce KOToporo y .n;eTeH l}JOp'\tIH-
pylOT YMeHHe ou.eHllBaTb pe3}':JhTaThI CBoell pa60TbI I] pa60TbJ TOBa-
pHllIeH_
6. Y60pKa pa601:11IX MeCT, HHCTpYMeHTOB H OCTaRliIHxCH MaTepHa.'IoR
Pa60Ta c paCnnel\bHblM MaTepMal\OM
CTpeK038 (pc_ 13)
I.:{e_"Ih. Y"Y:JlTb ,IJ,eTefl lIeJIaTb HrpylllK}' no o6pa3UY. lICIIonb30BaTb ,lIJJH
COe)]llHeHHii "Y:aCTell urpVlllIUJ niiaCTImnH; 4>opMupoBaTh HHTepee K .aaH-
HOMY BHJ!Y TPYJI8.
MaTepJlaJI: ceMeHa (KpbUIaTKH) HceHH. KJleHa: ceMeHa H6JIOKa HJIH
30pHHKH: cyxaH BeT01:IKa JIlO6oro ,lIepeBa: II.:JaCTI1JIJIH.
XO.D; pa6oTbI. Ha Ka>K;:J.OM CTo,e Heo6xo,J:HMblll npHpO.9.HbIfl MaTepIla:1.
BocnHTaTeJ1b 3ara:iJ.hlBaeT ;J,eTHM 3ara.aKY 0 cTpeKo3e H nOKa3hIBaeT 113rO-
TOBJleHH)'1O HM HrpYlllKY - cTpeKo3Y _ 3aTe'\tI npe;:vraraeT BHHMaTeJ1bHO
paccMoTpeTb ee H CKa3aTb, If3 1:lero Ona C,IJ,eJIaHa. 06pamaeT BIIHMaHl1e
n.eTeH Ha TO, GTO Y CTpeK03bl npO,J:O!IrOBaTOe 6PIOIIIKO. TOHKJIe IIp03paQ-
Hble KpblJIMl, 60JIblIIH e BblII)lKllbIe r .la3a_
nocne paCCMOTpeHIUI I1rpYIlIKl:l-06pa3ua BOCIIHTaTeJ1b nOKa3blBaeT, KRK
C03n;aeTCH nrpYliIKa: B1vfeCTe c ;aeTbMll YTO'-HIHeT II 0 C !I e ;a 0 BaT e J1 b -
35

/ 
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PMC. 13
\'/
f
HOC T b P a 6 0 T hI. 113 llJIaCTI1JTHHa (IDII1 rnlfHhI) H)'1KHO BbUIerrHTb npo-
;D,OJ1rOBaTOe 6plOillKO 1:1 oKpyrnyro I'OJIOB)', H3 ceMHH )\6J10Ka l1nfl 30p5lHKll
c;o:eJIaTb rJ1a3a II pacnOnOJKI1Tb nx B BepXHeH 1:IaCTU rO;IOBbL KBOCT CTpeKO-
3hl C.!J,enaTb I13CYXOII BeTO"Y:Kl1 H npUKpenHTh K 6plOUlKY C3a.3.ll. KpbIJIb51 CTpe-
K03bl - KpbIJIaTKI1 .sICeUH HUUf KJIeHaJ BCTaBHTb IIonapHO B 60KOBbIe 1:Ia-
CTn 6plOliIKa. 'CI.l H nanKI1 CJ1,enaTb M3 TOHKOII npOBOllOKH.
IIacne I13rOTOBJIeHIUI nfpYUIKI1 BOCIIHTaTejJe:\.1 11 YT01:IHeHIUI IIocnelIO-
BaTe:JbllOCUI pa60Thi KaJK)J.b1l1 pe6enoK C03lI.aeT IIO,Ile.TIKY _ B I1Tore npo-
BO,II)lTCH auamn H OIIeIlKa BhIIJOJIHeHHOll pa6oTbI-
l)a604Ka (p"c. 14)
UMb. <!>OpMHpoBaTb rrpaKTJIqeCKHe HaBbIKlI pa60ThI C pa3Iloo6-
pa3HbiM rrpnpo;O:HbIM MaTepnaJIOM; npl1 JI3fOTOBJ1eHI1H IIrpYIIIKH ylIIITb co-
pa3MepHTb ee qaCTJI; pa3BHBaTb Boo6pa>KCnlle .n;eTeil, >KenaHne e,IJ,e.rraTb
I1rpYllIKY KpacIfBoi1; rrpo,UoJ]JKaTb YQHTb aHaJIJI3Y rrpou.eeca pa6oTbI.
MaTepHaJI: >KenY,IJ,b (>KeJ1aTeJIbHO ne60JIMliOrO pa3Mcpa, OBaJIbHOH
4>OpMbI), :Jl1eTbH ,UepeBbeB, rr.rro]J;hI lliHrrOBHI1Ka, BeT01.JKIf I1JII1 rrpOBOJIOKa.
rrnaCTHJIHII I1J1H KneH (KJICTo-qxa), can4JeTKa.
XOJ], pa60TbI. Ha CTone y BOCIIHT3TenSJ paeTI0J10)l{eHhI rOTOBh1e llrpy-
lllKI1-6a6o'lKJI pa3III.JX Il,BCTOB 11 pa3MepoB. B3pOCJIhiH BMCCTe c ,UeTbMH
onpe;\en>IIOT, B 'JeM I1X CXOil,CTBO (B CTPYKTYpe) If pa3JIn'Jne (B il,eTaJI>Ix).
BbllICHHIOT, GTO Bee qaCTH H ,UeTaJIH 6a6o'lKJI cn:eJIaHhI 113 orrpe,UeneHHoro
np"pO;IIHOro MaTepHaJIa. o6cYJKJ],aroT B03MO}Kllhle BapHalITbl ero 3aMenbI.
Ha C:rC,IJ,YIOllieM 3Tarre ,UeTeJI rrpoJIOJI>KaIOT Yl.lHTb aHa:UI3JIpOBaTb IIO-
Cne:I,OBaTeJIbHOCTb M3TOTOBJIeHIUI nrpYlIIKn: ,QJIR TYJIOmUUa I1CnOJIb3yIOT
>KenY.D:h. OT,IJ,eJIeHHhIH OT llIJI.HrrKJI B K3 qecrne KpbIJIbeB 6a6o'lKll 6ePYT Ma-
neHhKl1e (,rvu[ HlDKHHX) II 60nblIHIe t!l:JUI BepXHHX) nllCTbH J1106oro JJ:epeBa.
GTO ;aaeT B03MO>KHOeTb elIeJ1aTb KphI1IMI 6a6oGeK pa3nW-lHOil cPOPbl l1
OKpaCKI1. DpH 3TOM Ba>KHO Ha}'l.HITh ,.r:I:eTell cOlf3MepHTb Be.-Jltl.IHny >KenYIJ;.H
(TynoBHwa) If KpI.InbeB (nIteTbeB).
36

"'../'



Plllc.14
J1nCTh5l-Kpbl!]bJl IIJIOTHO C>KUMaIOT}' OCHOBaHIUI II rrpHCOe,IJ,ItHSHOT K TY-
JIOBlUU,y, ,l],JIH -y:ero Ha 60KOBbIe KpaSl >KeJ1}',IJ,H (MeCTa COe,UlllielllUI KpbIJIbeB
C TYJIOBlllU.eM) HaKJIa]J:bLBa.lOT TOHKIU1 enOII nJIaCTl1JIHHa JIJIn KJIH. ro-
nOBKY 6a6otIKH J1.enaJOT "3 CBeJKerO IIJIon:a IlII1ITOBHI1Ka. B Hero BCTaBJI.SlIOT
}'CHKH H3 BeT01:leK HJ111 TOHKoii rrpOBOJIOKl1 11 COe,IJ,JIH5UOT C Ty:rOBHIUeM.
BOCIIHT3.Tenb o6pawaeT BHHMaHHe lIeTelI Ha TO, 'lTD. eellH llJ1H KpbIJIbeB
6a6o'lKI1 IIollo6paTb llJICTbH C pa3HbIx ;o:epeBbeB. 6a6011KIf IIonyqaTCH pa3-
Hble. TIoc:Ie YTo1:lueHJUI rrocnenOBaTenbHOCTH pa60TbI Ha.rr nrpYIllKo:u,
.ueTHM nOMoraIOT OTo6paTb MaTeplialI. copa3Mep.SlH BeJ1IPII1HY .>Ken}'.iJ,.H (TY-
JIOBIIIT{e) If 11I1CTbeB (KpbIJIbH). H rrpnCT}'IIlITb K pa6oTe_
B KOIlu,e 3aHHTlI5I BOCrUITaTellb II ,IJ,eTI1 ou:eHlfBa.lOT HrpYIlIKI1. Bee IIOn;en-
KH MO}J{HO 06"be,IJ,IfHJITb B KOJlJIeKTHBHYIO pa60TY IIO,U Ha3BaHIfeM «Xopo-
BOp: 6a60QeK}) UJIH « T aHeIJ: 6a601:IeK)} 11 IIOMeCTI1Tb Ha BbICTaBKY «31'0 .MbI
.Il,enaeM CaI\.{Jm.
Y>K (p>1c. 15)
L{enb. n03HaKOMJUb ;o:eTeii C pa60"Y:I1M HlIcTpYMeHToM - Illl1nOM. C
oc06elIlIocTHMI1 ero HCIIOllb30BaH!UI H TeXHI1KOH 6e30IIaCHOCTH; rro6Y>K-
;o:aTb K aKTIlBHOMY }"-IaCTI1IO B aHa:IH3e 06pa3I.La nrpYlllKH H IIOCJIe.n;OBa-
Te:IbHOCTlI ee H3rOTOKIeHIIH: n.JI1Tb IIOllb30BaTbCH HOBbIM npHeMOM coe.n;H-
HeHI1H ,IJ,eTaJIei'f - IIPOBOJ10KOll; pa3B1lBaTl, }' n:eTeii HHTepec K caMOCTO-
HTenbHOl\fY C03)J,aHIllO IIrpYllIeK; I1cnonb30BaTb ou.eHKY .n;eTCKI1X pa60T,
KaK Cpe,IJ,CTBO 06Y1:lenHH.
MaTepHa.."'I H HHCTpYMeHThl: IIJIIOCKll >KenY;:J,eii, >KeJ1Y;O:b. rrpOB0J10Ka,
IIJIaCTlfl"JIH, 1lI111I0. ;o:epeBHHHaH .!J:ow:e"Y:Ka, KapaH.J,aIll.
XO.D; pa60TbI. BocillnaTenb IIOKa3bIBaeT ;aeTHM .J:B}'X mpYllIe1:IJl},IX
Y>Ken: 6OJlbllIoro II Ma:IeHbKoro. ITpe;o:.rraraeT paCCMOTpeTb, 113 KaKoro MCl-
TepIIaJIa II3rOTOBlleHbJ rro,J:enKJI. H rrO.D:'yMaTb. KaK MO>KIIO I1X CMaCTepHTb.
B3POCJ1hIII 06pamaeT BHHMaHl1.e pe6HT Ha BaJKHOCTb rrpaBI1JIbHOrO rrOlI-
60pa IUIIOCOK eJIYb.e" (01' ManeHI.KI1X ;0:0 60JIbIlIHX).
37

"
,...
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.'

PMc.15
3aTeM BOCITI1TaTeJIb rrpe.r:vraraeT CHa ' 18JIa C;o:e:IaTb M8JIeHbKoro Hrpy-
rne'iHorO Y>K8, a ;0:01\18 c pOJ],luenHMH MO}KHO 6Y,IJ,eT CMaCTepllTb 60JIhillYro
IIrpYII1KY, nOTOMY "TO pe6>ITa y",e 6YI\YT 3HaTb npHeMbI pa60TbI. BMeCTe
C ,lI,eTbMH YTOtIHHeT crroco6. IIOCneII.OBaTeJIbHOCTb lt3rOTOBJ1eHIUI rrO,lI,eJIKll.
3aTeM 06"bHCH.HeT ;o:eTHM. 1.jTO nnIOCKJI coe.n;HHHIOT Me>K,IJ;y c06011. rrpOBO-
J10KOH, HO .D;JUI 9Toro B ueHTpe nnlOCOK H}'>KHO C,IlenaTb OTBepCTlUI. 3TH OT-
BepCTIUI npOKa!IhIBalOT crreII.JIa.TIbHbIM HHCTp}'MeJITOM - IDHJIOM. 3naKO-
MilT C BHellIHHM BH.IIOM JIHCTPYMelITa, rrpnHlJ,IHIOM ero pa60TbI. TeXHHKOM
6e30naCHOCTH, nOKa3blBaeT nplleM pa60Tbl n]}IJIOM: nnlOCKY >KenyII.5I Ka-
.n;yT OCHOBaHlIeM H8 ,IJ,epeBHHH)'IO ,IJ;OII{e1:IKY H rrpHD.ep>KHBalOT KOWUlKaMll
naJlbueB J1eBOH PYKl1 ee Kp8H, rrpaBOM p}'Koii 6epYT nrnno, OCTpl1e H8-
CTaBJUllOT Ha «.!J:HO)) nnlOCIGI JI Me.unenHO. He cnema, rrOKaYJllBa.Sl PYKOH
BJleBO 11 BrrpaBO. cnerKa Ha,naBJIJIBa.Sl Ha llIJI!IO. rrpOKaJIhIBaIOT OTBepCTHe.
ITonb3}'HCb MeTO,UOM rraccnBHhlx ;O:BJI:>KeHI1H. rre.n;aror npe.n;JIaraeT Ka>K-
)10MY pe6eHKy BMecre CHUM BbITIOJ]HI1Tb )1aJilloe .eiiCTBHe. .IJ:aJIee 6epYT
TOHKYIO npOBonOKY, H.a O;UHOM KOHll,e KOTOpOll 3aBH3aH Y3en. H llaHll-
3bIB3lOT Ha Hee 1.Jarneq]{jf (oKono 12-15 l..£alIJe"Y:eK) 07 XBOCTa K rO""IOBe
TalC., t!T06bI OHH HaXOJIJIJIH Jlpyr na .n;pyra II YBeJ1IWI1B3JII1Cb B pa3Mepe.
fonoBoH Y:>K3 cny.>KHT M3neHbKI1H >KenYJJ:b. H3HI133HHbIe Ha rrpOBO-
J10KY II..TIIOCKI1 )J{eny.J.H ITnOTHO rrpHKpeII.lJHlOT npOB0J10KOH K :>KeJ1Y,UlO-fO-
nOBe. "4To6bI rOJIOB3 nY"Y:llle lIep.>KaJIaCb. nBe rrOCnelIHl1e tl3me t iKH na-
rronHHIOT II:IaCTHJ1I1HOM n II.leTHO rrplDKHM310T JJ:pyr K lIpyry. fn33a Y>KY
PHCYIOT KapaH)1alllOM.
ITocne YTOtIneHHH nOCJ1e;C:OBaTenbHOCTII BbInonHeHHH nrpYIIIKI1 11 crro-
c06a ee H3fOTOBJIeUJIH rrpHcTyrralOT K paOOTe. Cna1.Iana fOTOBSIT MaTepH3JI.
.!J:eJ13IOT B IIJIIOCK3X npOKOJIbl llIJInOM. BOCrrl1TaTenb IIOCTOHHHO H3XOIJ;HTCH
PH,D;OM C .!leTbMH. nOMor3eT JI'\1. HarrOMHH3eT 0 npaBlmax TeXHIIKH 6e30-
rraCHOCTJI, 0 TOM. 1.JTO, pa60Ta.Sl C IlIRTOM, H)'}IO!O IIOJIb30B3TbCH ;J:epeBHH-
Hoil .n;OIlIetIKOlt. rrOOIUpSleT rrpaBJIJIbll.bIe .n;ej:"ICTBII.SI C HHCTpyMeHT3MJI.
Korna nO.::I,enK.lI 6yn,YT [,DTOBbI, BocnHTaTerrI:. rrpe;a.rraraeT ,D,eTHM oue-
HHTb HX, OTMeTnTb Tex pe6HT. y Koro HrpYUII<JI oco6eHil0 YJJ:3JIHCb; crrpa-
IllI1BaeT! C K3KllM HOBhlM UIICTpYMetITO'\1 olin n03113KOMI1J1I1Cb CerOIJ;HH.
38

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PMC_ 16
K03A"K (p"c. 16)
IJ,enb. flo3HaKoMHTb .D;eTeH C HOBI.IM npHpo,rUIbIM M8Tepl13JIOM -
illJIITOBHI1KOM, paCCK.a38Tb 0 ero CBOIICTBaX 11 cnoca6e JICnOJIb30BaHIUI B
pa60re na,.rJ. I1rpYillKO:H; 38KpeIIlfTb U8BblKJ1 MhlcnlITenbHoro 8HaJII138 IIO-
CJIe;O:OB8TeJlbHOCTU 113TOTOBneHIUl IIo.n;eJIKI1 II rrpaKTWleCKoro BbIIIOJIIIeHIUl
3a,naHII5I; BOCTrnTbIB8Tb BIlllM8TeJIbHOCTb B pa6oTe. cIIoco6c-rnOB8Tb 4Jop-
MHpOBaHIUO ,J,eHcTBHi1 nOOrrepaIJ:HOHHoro KOIITpOJUl
MaTepHaJI Ii HHcTPYMeHTbI: nnO,lJ,bI llHlIIOBHIIK8. KpbIJI8TKll KJIeH8 HJII1
HceHH, 3aocTpeHHbIe BeTO1KJl ,lJ,epeBbeB H IIaJIOtIKH. ceMena H6noKa. IIJI8-
CTHJII1U 1L'l11 K.."'Iei't, KllCTOQK8.
XO,lI pa6oTbI. 3amrrne n81:HlIJaeTCH C paccM8TplfB8HIUI npl1poJ],Horo
MaTepnaJI8. 3HaKO1CTBa c ero xapaKTepJffiIMII oco6ennOCTHMJI. 3aTeM BOC-
rrllTaTeJlb co0611IaeT ;aeTHM. 1:ITO H3 Illl1nOBHllKa. KpbIJIaTOK 11 .n;pyroro Ma-
TepnaJla OHI1 6:)'JJ,YT .n;enaTb HOBYIO I1rp}'IIIKY - K03JTI1Ka. OH nOKa3hIBaeT
rOTOBYIO llrpYlllKY, 11 Bee BMeCTe aHaJIJl3npYJOT CHa1:IaJIa CTPYK'I)'P}', a 3a-
TeM nocneJ],OBaTerrhHOCTb IBrOTOBJIeHIUI nO,IJ,e:IKH, npl1 3TOM B3pOCJIbIH IIO-
6Y.>K,IJ;aeT J],eTe(f CaMocTosrreJIbHO OCMblCJUiBaTb llOpHJI,OK .n;eHCTBJIH.
113roToBJIeHHe K03JIliKa na1:IHHaIOT c 'l)'nOBJfiI{a. ;anSl -qero ,D;Ba
KPYIlIIblX nJ]O,IJ,a IllllIIOBHllKa (nY'lllIe JICIIonb30BaTb CBe:>Kl1e 11 Cnenhle
ITJ10.D.bI) coe,.r:J:I1HHIOT. Haca;:Hm JIx Ha MaJIeHI:.KyIO 3aocTpelIH)'IO rraJI01:IKY
nJIOTHO .n;pyr K .Ilpyry. 3aTeM B IyJIOBI1Ill,e BCTaBnSlIOT 3aOCTpeHHbIM KOH-
UOM qeTblpe napaJIJIenbHO pacnOnO.>KeHHbIe BeTO"Y:KH - 3TO HOrJI (no .n;Be
BeT01fKn B Ka:>K;Ilj'IO SlrO;Ilj'). XBOCT K03JUfKa MO:>KHO TaK)Ke C,IJ,e:IaTb 113 Be-
T01JKIL J],llSl rOJIOBbl 6epyT ITJ10,IJ, ue60nbllIoro pa3Mepa. K Hell npnco-
e)1Ulli!1OT )!BeMalleHbKHeKpbIlIaTKu>!cellS!(UlIuJlY6a)-6Y;JYTymu.no-
cne 1:lero ronOBY coe.n;I1HHIOT C 1}'nOBl1meM C nOMOI.IJ:bIO naJInqKIL [onOBe
K03JII1Ka MO:>KHO npllJI.aTb JKenaeMblll HaKJIOn; rna3a eJIa.lOT 113 ceM5£H
Sl6nOKa, a pOra111 cnYJKaT JIBe MaJIeHbKHe naJI01:IKll, BCTaBJ1eIIHhIe B ro-
nOBY Me}f{)Jy YllIa'rn-Kpbl.1J8TK8MJI (MO}KHO B KaqeCTBe Hor, porOB H XBOCTa
I1cnOllh30BaTb TaK:>Ke XBOIO COCUbI HJIl:l KpblJIaTKI1 KJIella. HceHH). AllSl 60-
nee np01.IHOrO npncoe.n;JlHemfH Hor, pO:>KeK, }'llIeH MeCTa coe;alfHeHIUI. :>Ke-
39

?Q, "
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I
PMc.17
naTeJIbHO npenBapllTeJIbHO CI\1a3aTl> TOIIKllM CnOeM KlIe51 runl HCnOJlb30-
BaTb lIJIaCTI1JIlfH.
BOClll'JTaTeJIlI nOMoraeT ,Il,eTRM co6nlO,II,an> npaBHnbUYIO nocne,!J;OBa-
TeJIbHOCTh H3fOTOBJIeHH.H Hrp}'IlIKH. Docne 3aBeprneHH.JI pa60TbI rrpo-
BO,IUITCR aH3.alf3 H OI1,eHK3 pe3}'nbTaTOB.
Ha pnCYHKe rrOK33aHO 113rOTOBJIeHHe K03JIliKa H3 K3IllTaHa H JKenYM.
B ,Il,8.HHOM cnyqae B pa60Te nOHa,IJ,06lITCR IllRJIO. T orAa B u.enb 33H51TIU!
Cne,lU'eT 06R3aTenbHo BHeCTH 3a;:J:aqy no 33KpenneHHIO HaB.bIKOB pa60ThI
C IlIHJlOM. B xO,Il,e Tpy.n3 3TOT 3T3rr pa6mbI ocyru;eCTBJIReTC5I CQBMeCTHO_
KOTeHOK (pl1c. 17)
!.\e.TIb. npO,IloJI2KaTb pll-lTh ,Il,fTeR HCnOJIb30B3Th nHlIIOBHHK ,D,JUI 119ro-
TOBJIeHUH P33I1006pa3HbIx nO,Il,enOK; 33KpennRTh H3B.bIK pa60ThI C IIIHJIOM.
YMeHIIe aHarrH3HpOB3Th 06pa3eII, no]],eJIKH Ii npouecc ee BblnOJIHeHIHI;
<pOpMHpOBaTb YCTOHqHBhIH HHTepec K pa60Te c nplfpo,n:HblM MaTepn3nOM.
MaTepHaJ1 H HHcTpYMeHTbI: IUIO.II,hI IlIHnOBHHKa. Cllllq]{H 6e3 ronOBOK
liJIIf BeT01:IKH, COCHOB351 XBO.H, qem}'fIKH OT lllHIIJKH, llIHno.
Xo.n; paOOTbI. BocIIliTaTenb 3ara.abIB3eT ,IleT.JIM 3ara.;:J,KY 0 KOTeHKe, IIO-
CJ1e ::norO npHHOCHT TOTOB}"l0 Hrp}'ll.1K}' H npe,D,J13raeT paccMoTpeTh ee,
BbI)J.eJIHTh 'llaCTli. H3 KOTOpblX OHa C,IlenaHa. 3aTeM llOK33bJBaeT IIOCne,IlOBa-
TeJIbHOCTb ,QeirCTlm:M no H3rOTOEJIeHHIO HrpYlliKH H npocuT 33nOMHHTb ee.
.ll.n.JI ronOBbI Ha,D,O B3.J1Tb IUlOI{ lllHllOBHJlKa H HaC3I{HTh ero Ha M3neHbK}'1O
TOHK}'IO BeTO'llKY Jillli IIOJIOBHHK}' CIIll':lKH, O'-lII.IUeHHOM ar CepbI. IIhmoM
06BeCTlf fna3a. }'CbI CI{enaTb 113 COCHOBoii xBon, a li3 JIB}'X OCTphIX 1:JemyeK
enOBOM lilliIlIKJ1 - }'Illli.
J],nI( TynoBluu3 KOTeHKa MO:>KHO IfcnOilh30BaTb JIM KPVllHblX IUlOlla
IIHIllOBIUIKa. IUIOTHO COe,llIfHIIB HX ,;:J,p}'r c .:wyroM C IIOMOII.J;LIO CIIlfqKJI.
Horn H XBOCTHK C.;r:J:enaTb H3 IIOJIOBHHOK CIInqeK, KOHllbI KOropbIX nOKpa-
CliTb qepnoft KpacKo:fi: 3TO rro.rr.YlIleqKH JIallOK H KOH1:JHK XBOCT3 KOTeHKa_
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40

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3a6aBHbIMll. TaR KaK H3rOTOBJIeHbl ORn H3 cBoe06pa3Horo MaTepnana.
l\owaAKa (p",c. 24)
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52

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54

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OTnH1.J:aeTCSI OT paKYUIeK nOHaKca. BocrunaTenb Om.HCHSIeT, KaK C03.n:aeTC.SI
nrpYWKa 6a60'lKa-KanycTlUIl\a,
PaKYlliKY 3e6plUThI - T}'JIOBIIIlle 6a6o'lKII - rrpllK.J:eHBalOT K IIon-
CTaBKe. B KaqeCTBe KOTOPOII IICnOJIb3YWT OOJIblli!{lO qeplIYlO peKYUlKY MJI-
WIn, Do 60KaM Ty'lOBnwa npmmeHBaroT KpbL'lb>! 6a60'lKn - I\Be o;:\nHa-
KOBble no pa3Mepy paKYWKn I\OHaKCa 6enoro l\BeTB. B pa60Te C paKynr.
KaMH JIY'lIlle HcrrO.TIb30BaTb K.leir DBA.
56

B rrepe.alleM 'laCTII TYJIDBJHl1,3 'lepHDif ryaIllblO pnCYIOT rJIa3a (I{Be
TOtIKn). Bnepe,D,J1 HlIX HaHDCHT lleMHDrD KJleSI. nDene TOra KaK KJlell 110.J,-
COXHeT. B HeM YKpeIIJISIIOT }'ClIKlt - l.UeTlIHKlI. KOII..l.{.bI KOTOpbIX OKpa-
IllHB3IOT KpaClIDll ryaIllbIO.
Kor,IIa HrpYIllK3 IIO,IICOXHeT, ee nOKpblB3IOT w"IaKOM. Y6e;nHBlllliCb. 'lITO'
Bee ,D,eT" IIOIDC'IlI. KaK HY>KHO .J,en3Tb urpYlllK}', BoenllTaTeJIb npe,TJ::rarael
HM CXeM3TlI'l1I0 H306pa3UTb rrOCne.il.OBaTeJIbHDCTb pa60T1,I n IIpllcTynMTb
K e03;aalllIIO HrpYIllKlI. ne,!],arDr OK33bIBaeT He06xODlIM}'IO rrOMDlUb TeM.
KTO 3aTPY.J,HSIeTeSI B BblJIonHenUll 33naHHSI. 113nOMHuaeT. qTO COeJIlIleHlle
lI,eT8JIen npolBBODHTCSI C nOMOlll1,lO KJIe5I. KDropblM ene.il.yeT IIDJIb30B3TLC5I
aKKypaTHO.
npH Ol.{eHKe rOTOBblx H3;o,enllM. HY>KHO 06paTHTb BHlI\1aHHe H3 TO, KaK
nO.J,06paHbI paKYIllKI1 J],OH3Kca II 3e6pHHbI (01111 .nnYDKllbI 6hITb CDpa3-
MepHbI no Benll'lHHe n 4>oPMeJ, KaK eDe,TJ:lIHeHbl ,D,eT3JIH lIrpYIllKH (npo'-.iUO
H aKKypaTHo).
Bee pa60TbI MOJKHO nOMeCTlITb B pD,IIJ1TeJIbCKo'\1 yrO:IKe, npllrJlacHTb
COTPY.IJ:lillKOB II.eTCKOro C3JJ;a II ,D,3Tb B03'\10>KlIDCTb K3JK,Il0).1Y pe6eHKY no-
Ka3aTb CBOIO nOII.enKY.
L(blnlleHOK (pilL 27)
[{eJ1b. npO.J,onJKaTb YlfllTb ;J:eTe.fi. pa60TaTb C HOBbI).1 MaTepU8JIOM; IIO-
3HaKDMJfTh HX C HOBhIMll Bl1)J:aMll P3K} llleK: Kap,.r:J,lIYMoM. lfepHOMOpCKJ1M
rpe6elllKoM; 33KperrJ1Tb H3BblKll nocTpoenuSl rrnaH3-cxeMhI rroc:re,IIOB3-
TeJ11,HOCTn p;ellcTBRj{ n J1cnOJIb30B31I1I.SI ero B pa60Te; BocrrllTbIBaTb YMe-
Hile pa60TaTb aKKypaTHo 4>opMlIpoBaT1, 3CTeTlI'leCKnll EKYC.
MaTepHaJI If HHeTpYMeHThl: P3K}'lllKI1 K3p.allYMa 60.i1bIllHe H CpelI,HlIe
no ,!J.Be lllTYKH. TPll MaJleHbKlle. II.Be paK}'IllKH ,rJ;oIl3Kea, 0II.H3 paK}'IllKa
-qepnoMopcKoro rpe6elllKa. ceMeua l.{eToB, K leif nBA, .laK, KnCTOqKlL
XO,D, pa6oThI. Ha CTone Y BOCITlIT3TenSI H Y .ueTeH H3XO,IISITCSI paKYIllKn
Kap,D,HYM3. 'lepHOMOpcKDro rpe6eIllKa, nOH3Kca pa3HbJX p33\1epOB 11 OT-
TeHKOB. lleT.SIM rrpe.II.J13ralOT rrpoiiTn MeJK.J,Y pSl.aaMU CTonOB n nocMoTpeTb.
KaKlle paK}'lllKlI }' TOBapnwell. Y BocnUTaTeJ1SI. rroTporaTb I1X. onpe.::renl1TL
pa3J111'l11SI. nDJ11060BaTbC.SI llBeTaMI1. 4>opMoii MaTepllaJ1a. ne,D,aror cnpa-
IllMB3eT pe6SIT. KaKl1e paK}lllKllllM 3HaKO'\1hI, rrpocllT nOK33aTb ux. BcnOM-
HlITh, -qro H3 IInx MaCTepllJUr Ha rrpoumD\1 3aHHTJU1.
BocnnTaTe:1b nOKa3bIBaeT MDII.enb-06pa3eu: lIrpyuJlw:, KOTOp}'1O H\1
rrpencTollT ,!J.enaTb. npocllT BbI,UeJ1l1Tb 'laCTH. ,D,eTaJTH. 113 KOTOpbIX OHa CO-
CTORT. 3aTeM rrpeIJ,J1araeT rrDJIYMaTb II CKa3aT1" KaK MOJKHO 113 \13Tepna:Ia.
KOTOP1,lll JIe)J(lIT Y HlIX Ha CTOJ1ax. C,J;enaT1, TaKorD JKe UbIIIJIeHK3. KaK TDT,
'ITO HapnCOBan na ,D,OCKe.
J],eTll pnCYIOT cxe'\fY nOCneII.OB3TeJ1bHOCTll pa60Thl (CM. cxeMY K pUC. 27).
ne.uaror nOMoraeT B1,ISlCHIiT1" lfIO .II.J1SI TyJ10BUwa II rO:10B1,1 UhlJI-
neHKa rrOII.6np3lOT ,!J.Bf TD'lHO COBnaJJ;3IOIIU1e JIpyr C J],pyrO'\1 paKYIllKn
KapJInY'\1a CpeII.HerO M 60JIblllOrO pa3Mepa. Ha cne.aYlOwe'\1 3Tarre 11>:
CKJ1ellB8IOT. D..lSI TDro KJ1efI HaHoeRT TOHKI1'\1 CJIOe'\1 Ba TVJ10Bl1llle. Ha '\1e-
57

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eTO coe,.r:J,HHeIIIUI c rO:IoEofI, .naJOT HeMHOro rro.n;COXH)1Tb II rrpllK.."IellB8IOT
ronDBY l1..bIrrneHKa. lfTOObJ rOJIOBa 38KpennnaCb npO'tIlIO, j])UI Hce ,nenalOT
OIIOPY - IIO.D:CTaBnHlOT .uepeBSIIIHbIll 6pycOQeK II II.epJKaT ero, IIOKa He
nO.!J:COXHeT K:leJt
Ha TpeTbeM 3Tane pa60Tbl UblILieHKY npllKJIeHBalOT KpbInbIIlIKJI Jf3
II.BYX paKymeK .uOH8KC8_ Ha fonOBe ClIMeTpIPIHO rrpHKJleHB810T rna3a
(ceMeHa I1BeTOB).
HaKOHCU. ua qeTBepTOM 3Tarre npllKrreHBaIOT JI8llKH 11'3 MYX MaJIeHb-
KHX p8KYlileK ,lJ,OHaKC8_ [OTOBYlO nrpYIllKY yKpenJ1SIIOT Ha IIO,lJ,CTaBKe 113
nnOCKOH paKYIllKH (-qepIlOMOpCKl1ll rpe6ernOK). ClO;:I,a >Ke, H8 nO;:J,CT8BKY.
npHKpenJIJHOT nepeBepHYTYJO paKYIliKY Kap)1HYMa (MarreHbKOro pa3Mepa).
H306pa)KalOIlI.}'1O MIICR}'. 1I3 KOTOpOll UbumenOK KJIlOeT 3epHO.
J1TaK, ,neTl1 BbUICH5IIOT, "'iTO UbmJIeHKa MaCTepSIT B qeTbJpe 3Tarra; Ha
cxeMe BH.II.HO, 'liTO 3a -qeM Ha)J,O II.enaTb. T errepb MOJKHO npl1cTynllTb K pa-
60Te. Ecnll pe6SITa GYAYT HCrrblThlBaTb 3aTpYII.HeHHSI. ne,D,aror nO'\mraeT
H\f. }'QllT rrO:Ib30BaThCSI Hapl1COBaHHbIM IUIaHOM KaK nO;J.CKa3KOH. ro-
TOBble HrpYlllKlI MO)KHO nOKpbITb naKOf. ,IJ,eTH aHaJIW311p}'IOT pe3}':IbTaTbI
cBoen pa60TbL
58

4epenaxa (pile. 28)
l{eJ1b. npO.u.on>KaTb 3HaKOMlITb ;neTeii C B03MO>KHOCTHMll lICrrO.'lb30-
BaHlliI paKYIlleK KapII.I1YMa II qepnOMOpCKoro rpe6eIllKa; 3aKperuuITh YMe-
Hue CXeManp:lHO Jf306pa>KaTb nOCne,lJ,OBaTenbHOCTb 113rOTOBneHHSl Hrpy-
lliKM; 3aKpenJISlTb HaBbIKlI pa60Tbi C KJIeeM II paKYIllKaMlI; BOCIIlITbIBaTb
-qYBCTBO Y;:J,OBJIeTBOpeHIUI OT pa60TbJ ( .J.aUlIbIM rrpllpO,!J.HhlM MaTepnaJIOM:
crroco6CTBOBaTb rrpOHB:IeHIUO B3allMOnOMOll1.Jf. II.o6pO:>KenaTenbHOCTlL
MaTepnaJI If HHCTPYMeHTbI: nEe paK}'IllKJI qepHOMopCKOro rpe6elliKa
O,D,HHaKOBoro pa3Mepa ceporo 11"111 KOpJPIHeBOro IJ.BeTa, .J],Be paKYIllKM Kap-
,!],J1YMa Cpe,D,HerO pa3Mepa, qeTblpe paK}'IllKIi Kap.il.Jf}'Ma ManeHbKne, ce-
MeH8 rneII.lIQIUl. K.1eii, naK, KHCTOllKJI, KapaH,:!:{aum:.
XO,l{ pa60TbI. ,IJ;eTM 3H8KOMbl co BceMH paKYUTKaMlI, KOTopbfe ua-
XO,::{SITCSI Y HIIX Ha CTonax. Docne HenpOII.On)KIITenbHOrO paCCMaTpl1BaHI1SI
MaTepl1aJIa BOCITIlTaTenb npe.u:mraeT ,rVJSI ana.rI1I3a Mo.ueJIb (cxeMaTlPIHblH
pneYHoK) mpYWKn qepenaxn. 06""!B:I>IeT, qTO eero,!1nH OHn 6YiIYT ee Ma.
CTepilTb. PaccMaTpllBa5L MO,!J.enb I1rpYllIKl1, pe6slTa BbI.IJ:enSIIOT ee QaCTI1, eo-
OTHOCSIT C I1MelOIIJ;I1MeH MaTepllaJIOM 11 onpe,D,e:ISIIOT B03'\10JKlIble Bapllan-
Tbl ll3fOTOBneHlUI rrO,J;enKIJ. BocnHTaTe!lb nO}ICKa3blEaeT pe6SlTaM, qro
MO)f(HO npnKa,!1hlBaTb paKYIllKn APyr K APyry. qT06bl nOiIo6paTb MaTe-
pnaJI orrpe,D,enennorO pa3Mepa .nnSI rOnOBbJ qeperraxn (Hor) H .up.
06cYJK.ueHne KaJK.II.OfO 3Tarra rrpe.:ICTo.Rlll.eif pa60Tbi COrrpOBOJKJlaeTeSI
era HarnsuIHoH 4>IIKCaUlleH (eM. cxeMY K pile. 28). .IIeTIl BbISICHHlOT. 'liTO Ha
nepBOM 3Tane. KaK n rrpH n3fOTOBJ1eHHH ITblnneHKa. CHalfaJIa I-IaJIO cne-
naTb TynoBlIllle II r0J10BY. D.J1SI ::nOrO CKJ1eIlBalOT nBe paKYlllKIl KapII.n}'Ma
OIl.lllIaKOBOro pa3Mepa (rO10Bal n qepHOMopCKOro rpe6ellIK3 (l)'J10BI1rn;e)
Ha BTOpOM 3Tarre coe.uIlHHlOT TynoBIIrn;e II ronOBY. ,D;J1SI 3TOrO B .u.eUTpe
rrepe,D,HeH qacrn T}'nOBliwa UaMeqalOT MeeTO CKJIenBaHIISJ, 33TeM KlIe-
\
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59

T01..J.KOfl 3KKyp3THO. pOBIIblM CnOe.....1 JlaUOCSIT Knell. Bblllep.>KlfB3IOT UCKOTO-
poe BpeI\HI If nplfKJlel1B3JOT ronOBY.
H3 TpeTbeM Halle 33Beprn3JOT pa60I)' Ha.r:r; Hrp}'mKOJI. )J,JIH ::noro Ha
ro:rOEe C JIB}'>: CTOpOR npHKneHsarOT rJla3a (ceMeua rne,!UPHU1). laTeM
lfrpYlllKY nepeBOpaqHBaJOT H KapaH.!l:arnO\lf Ha'\1CqaJOT Ha 0;J,lfIl3KOBOM pac-
CTOHInUf qCTbIpe TOllKH c'!VIH HOr). nocnc qcro nplfKJ1Clfl3alOT I10rH - Ma-
nellbKUe paKYlliKH Kap,!IUYMa.
BocnlfTaTCn.b npOBep.SJeT TOqHOCTb CXeMaUf1-IUOro IB06pa::>KeJllfH .J:CTb-
MH :nanOB pa60TbJ. nocne qero rrplfCT}'n310T K nenOepe)1:CTEeHUO\.IY ec
BblnO.'1HeHl1lO. fOTOBblC HI PYlllKH MO}KHO nOKpblTb .:I3KOM.
B KOIJI.{e 3aU5ITI1H nO.!l:enKI1 aHaJIl13lfp}'JOTeSI. BocnHTaTe.Tb OTMe....,aeT
CTapaHHSI )1:eTeif, nplfJIe::>KaHI-IC, .J.o6pO::>KeJIaTe:lbHbIe OTHOmeHHSI )1:P}'l K
)J,P)'f}'. npOSlBneHIl51 B33HMonOMOllUL rOTOBble nrpYll1Kli nOMellialOT H3
BbICTaBKe B J],CTCKOM ca,a}' (rpynne). B pO)J:lfTcnbCKOM }TOJ1Ke. )J,CTH Mor}'T
B3.HTb lfrPYWKll )1:0'\10ii H rro.r:r;aplfTb lfX pO)1:IUenHM.
A.,KaR m"Lja (P.,c. 29)
Qenb. <POpMlfpoBaTb yCToi1qHBbli1 HHTepec K pa60Te C paKYlliKaMJI,
KpaCllBbIM H cBoe06pa3HblM npHpO,!UIbIM MaTcpna.TOM. n03lfaKOMI1Tb
C HOBblMlf Hlf)J,aMH paKYllleK - HeHYC II Tanee; Op!\.IHpoBaTb HaBblKI1 aHa-
JIlf33; 33KpenJIHTb YMeHH5I KOHTpOnl-IpOBaTb Ka.>K,UbJM ::)Tarr cBoeii )J:e5lTeJ1b-
HOCTH, eOOTHoeHTb ero pe3y.IJbTaTbl C HaMcqeHHolf u.eTblO.
MaTepHaJI II HHCTpYMeHTbI: ABC mU1uaKOBbie no cPopMe ne60::JbliIHe
paK}'IllKll Tanee, ,!1.0HaKC, Kap.unn.l. TpH paKYIIIKlf BCH)"C (JIBe MeJIKHe. o.J.ua
cpe.J,UHH), no O,J,HOll paKYWKe 3e6pIUlbl, 6HTTYMa 11 MnlllHf. !l,Ba KVeOqK3
pa3611TOH paK}'IllKJ-I. conOMlfHKH. Knell. naK. KapaH.J.alll. KlfeT01:IKa. nG-
meQKa.
XOJJ; pa60ThI. .IJ:enf 06HapY:>KlfBaIOT na eTO.lax HOBble. Helf3BCCTlIble HM
paKYIIIKn - Bellye. 6mT}!)'1 11 Tanee. neJIaror C006llJ,aeT HM lla3BaHHSI pa-
K}'llleK. paCCKa3b1BaeT 06 oc06eHHoeTSlx o6HTaHlfH 3THX MOllJ1JOCKOB.
B.bI3bIBaeT HHTepec K TaKOM}' )'1aTepHa.1Y, BOCTopraeTC.H rrplf1:I}',U.:'1HBOCTblO
cPOpMbl, UBeTa. Boeffin8Tenb enpallillBaeT pe6S1T uqTO lIanO-:\IHHalOT 3TH
paKYWKI-I? 1.11'0 fO.>KHO ll3 rrllX C,!1.eJIaTb? .IJ:jlH KaKOll Hrp}'liIKH MOJKHO HC-
n0J1b30B3Tb BeHye? Tanec? 6lfTT}'M?n
3aTeM eo06maeT uenb 3aH.SJTI1H If Ha }'qe6JIOH ,UOCKe nOMemaeT '\10-
,Uenb (cxeM8TWqHblH PlfCYJIOK) 6}'.uyru:eli Hrp}'liIKlf - JlKoif ITTJII1.bl. C no-
MOIl.(bJO MOJIe;Jl1 ;o;eTlf onpe.n:enSIJOT ....,aeTlf HrpYlIIKlf. Ha3blBalOT MaTepn:a.'1,
113 KOToporo ee MO}f{HO C.J.eJ13Tb. roBOpSlT 0 cnoe06ax lf3rOTOBJIeUlfH no-
nelKn. OnpeJIelHIOT 3T8nE:.l pa60TbI U PUC)'IO"I nOClle!1,OBaTeJIhHOeTb H:X
OCYllJ,eCTKIerrHSI (eM. cxe'\1}' K pnc. 29).
Ha nepBOM 3Tane, KaK H Ha npeJIbmyIU.Hx 3aHSlTHSlX. 3arOTaB.:U-IBaJOT
qaCTH nO,rl,enKn - ronOB}' H TynoBUUJ,e. AnH ::Horo 6epYT no !],Be paKyrnKJI
Kap.!l:lf}'Ma If Taneea, C:\183bIEaJOT KpaH KJIeeM. rrJIOTnO coe.n:HHHJOT .H CKJIelf-
BaJOT.
Ha BTOpOM ::nane npHKJ1elfBaIOT rna3a - Ma.:1eHbKl1e KYCOqKH paKY-
60

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PMC. 29
illeK If KITIOB 113 He6oJIbliiOH 3aOCTpeHHOll paK}'IllKI1 611TTYMa 3aTeM rO-
JIOB}' npllKJIellB810T K IDee - paK}'lIIKe 3e6pllHbL
Ha TpeTbeM 3Tane K TynoBIlLI.J.Y npnKJ1el1SaIOT KpbI.:lbH 113 paKyrueK ;n,o-
H8Kca. B lleHTpe .J.epeB.BHHOll nO,!:{CTaBKH B 3apaHee HaMeqeHHbIX Kapalla-
IllOM MeCT8X nplfKJ1eUBaroT )J:Be nanKI1 113 Ma;JeHbKllX paKYilieK BeH)'ca,
K HlfM rrpllKllelfBalOT TYJ10BlfIll,e (KaK 6bJ CTamIT Ha HlfX).
Ha nocne,nneM 3Tane ronOBY H IDeIO coe,IUIHHIOT C TY"'lOElfIUeM, npn-
KpenJI.HIOT XSOCT II3 paK}'lIIKII BeH)'ca Cpe}lHerO pa3Mepa. IIoc.:Je aHam.f3a
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eT" nplfcTynaIOT K C03,II,aUHlO n0.ue:IKlf. llen.aror 06pallJ,aeT llX BHHMaHHe
H8 Heo6xQ,AHMOCTb C06J1IO.IJ:eHIUI npaBlUI COe,AHHeHIUI qaCTelf HrpYlllKH,
nanOMlfHaeT YCJ10BIUI npOtInoro CKperrJIeHIUL
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6yIl,YT 11306pa)l{aTb KOpM IDHIlbI; 3I1,eCb JKe, B yrny. YKperrJISIIOT HeCKOnbKO
COnOMHHOK. lloc:Ie 3TOro BCro HrpYlllKY nOKpbIBaroT naKO'\.1.
3aKOH1..feHHbIe pa60ThI BbICTaBJISIIOT Ha naHHO. ,Il,eTH nplffiJIeKaIOTCSI
K OIleHKe nO.J.enOK Tosapulllen. ne.uaror XBa.-nu pe6S1T II oc06enno Tex,
KTO rrpO.HBJISlJI IIOCTP(ltIlfBOCTb 11 6bIn CTapaTeJIeH.
61

<))"'II"'H (p",c. 30)
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renHlJ,eJIJIbI. He6oJIbLUOIf oonOMOK paK}'liIKH, KJIeH, naK, KIiCTOt:IKH.
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lUeK - renuu,eJIJ1oiI. paccKa3bIBaeT 0 JKHBOTHOM, 06 oco6eHHocTSlX ero
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BaTb ,l],JIH ee lurOTOBneHIUI, OCHOBHOiJ rrpHe pa60Tbl.
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67

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TOK. l'IeTOQeK H up.). nocne 3Toro nearor coo6111aeT pe6snaM, qTO ce-
rOJI,H5I OHH 6y.nyT caMOCTOHTenbHO nenaTb TaKYIO HrpyruKY. KaK}'1O 3a-
xonIT. Ho nllil 3Toro HM Ha.uo BCrrOMHHTb. KaK Olin ;rreHCTBOBaJIH paHbllle:
paccMaTpHBa.rrn IITP}'11IK}'. BbI.IJ,enRnH ee "l.J:aCTH. orrpeeJISmH nOCne.IJ,OBa-
TeJIbHOCTh pa60Thl, pncoBa.rrn cxeMY neHcTBlu1. IIo.IJ,6npann MaTepHaJI.
ne,IIaror rrO.r:r-IepKHBaeT, 'ITO Ha 3TOM 3aH.HTIHI 06pa3u;a He 6}'UeT n TY
Hrp}'lIIKY. KOTOP}'fO OlU1. XOT.HT C;:I.enaTb. L1M HY>KHO Boo6pa3HTh, MblcneHHO
71

npell,CT3BHTb ee qaCTH. lleTaJlII. ClmaHlIpOBaTb XOn pa60TbI HaIl. HeiL pe-
lillITb, KaKYIO 1..J:aCTb H3 K3Koro MaTepl1ana I}'nlle CnenaTb. BOCIlHTaTeJlb
HarrOMUHaeT_ ITO pa60T}' n}'1..J:llJe Ha1..J:luIaTb C pHC}'HKa-cxeMbI 6y;a}'llJeH
IIrp}'llJKH (WUI 1I306pa.>KeUIlH. I1CnOnb3YlOT TonbKO reOMeTpW-leCKlle
4JOpMbJ II rrpOCTbIe JIHHlIH). 3aTeM H}'>KIIO rro.o.06paTb MaTeplIan, rrpo.:J.Y-
MaTh cnoc06 H3rOTOBJIeHIIR Ka)f()1,Oll 'lfaCTH. ;aeTaJIlI nOneJlKJ1. J1 TonbKD
nocne 3Toro rrJIaUlIpyeTcSI XO,J. pa60TbL 4T06bI IIl1qerO He 3a6bITb, Ha)1,O
napl1COBaTb cxe"dY n03TarrHoro lI3rOTOBJIelllI.H nOneJIKH.
Ka>K.n;bIH pe6eHOK pellJaeT, 1.]TO OH 6y.n;eT neJIaTb_ BocrrHTaTeJIL B IIlI,Il.H-
BlIJ],YaJIbIIOM lIOpH.,II,Ke I1HTepecyeTcSI, KaK COCTaBJIell.bI lIIIaIlbl pa60TbI, no-
MoraeT TeM, KTO 33Tpy.n;HSleTC.H_ )J,eTII rrpl1CTynalOT K OCYllJeCTBneHH1O
33MbIcna. OHH caMOCTO.HTe.l]bHO lIoIl,611palOT npHpo.n;HbIiI MaTepUaJI ;rrn.sl
IIO;rrenOK. EC.:UI rrOH3)J,06HTC.H IIHCTp}'MeHT, BOCIIIfTaTenb HanO'\HIHaeT, KaK
lIpaBl1nbllO rronb30BaTbCSI 11M.
B KOHII,e 3aHSJTHH pa60TbI 3HaJUI3lIp}'IOTC.H 11 DueHHBaIOTC.H. BOClIHT3-
Tenb cne.n;IfT 3a TeM, 1..J:T06bI I1,eTII. ou,eIlIIBa.H CBOH nOnenKIi H IIo.nenKH TO-
BapHmeiI, 6bIJlII CnpaBe,lJ,JlHBbI II n06pO.>KenaTenbHbL JIyqIIIHe pa60TbT
MO>KIIO nOMecrlITb Ha BbICTaBKY.
LJe6ypawKa (pL1C_ 33)
QeJIb. I1po.n;OJDKaTb y'lfI1Tb I1,eTeit aHaJIII3HpOBaTb Hrp}'llJKY lIO cxeM3-
TIIQeCKOMY H306pa)KeHHlO, BbI.J:eJIHTb COCTaBHbIe 1..J:aCTII; 33KpenllHTb YMe-
HlIe CaMOCTORTenbIIO C03JI,aBaTb cxeM}' nO.3TarrllOro 113rOTOBJIenl1jJ Hrpy-
lllKH; 060raIIIaTb 3HaHHSI I1,eTeiI 0 R03MO>KHOCTSIX KOM6HHIIPOBaIUUI MaTe-
plIaJIa: BOClIlITbIBaTb BOllID, uacToiI'IUBOCTb rrplI BbIrronnelUUI 3allaUII.H.
}'BepeHHOCTb B CBOI1X B03MO}[{HOCTSlX: 4JopMlIpoBaTb ycrOiPHIBbIH lIHTepec
K .n;aHHOM}' Elm}' Tp}';rra. YKperrn.SlTb >KenaHlIe TP}']IIITbC5L
MaTepHaJ1 H HHCTpYMeHTbI: JKenY,lJ.II. neCIIOII opex, K3WTalI. paKYIllKI1
C npOCBepJIeHHbIMH MaJIeHbKIIMlI OTBepCTHSlMH. KOpOTKJ1e BeTKH H
CIIW::IKII, rrpOBonOK8. IIJIaCTlIJIHH, TYIUb .n;epeBSlHHbIH 6PYCOK, IIIHno, HO>K
()J,n.H BOClIIIT3Ten5I), KHCTOIKa.
Xo,n pa6oTbl. 3allilTHe Haf.{l1naIDT C lIpOC:I}'WUBalllI.H ((neCeIlKI1 '-1e6}'-
pamKH}). lIa rrn3CTIIHKe_ Y .n;eTeii crrp311IlIBalOT: f.{bH 3Ta IIeceHKa? K3K OH"
OTIIOC.HTCSI K '-1e6}'p3IllKe? XOT.HT nH OIIU CMaCTeplITb TaK}'1O IIrpYllIK}'?
BOCrrJIT3TeJIb HbICTaBJIReT Ha YIe6Hoii ll,OCKe Mo.n;enb (cxeMaTHqeCKIill
pucynoK) nOIl,ellKII. OTBeQa5f lIa ero BonpOCbI, ll,eTH onpe.n;eJIHIOT "lIaCTH
IIrp}'IlIKH, xapaKTepHbTe oc06eHHOCTH BHelIIuero BI-I,.IJ;a, pa3Mh1IlIJI.HIOT 0
B03MO>KJIbIX BaplIaHTax IICrrOJIb30BaHII.H M3TepHaJIa.
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nH3HpOBaTb 3TanbI pa60TbI Ha,J. HrpYIllKOll. OR TonbKO HapHC}'eT cxeMY
nOC:Je.n;OBaTeJIbHOCTII .n;eHCTBIIH Ha ,IIOCKe, a OHU caMII pa36ep}'T, ITO nano
c.o.enaTb Ha rrepBOM 3Tane, IIa BTOpDl\.1 H T_.n_ I1e.n;aror pHC}'eT cxeMY. ,1].eTlI
ee paCCMaTpHBalOT, COOTHOCHT C MOIl,enblO l1rp}'llIKH II MaTepHaJIOM. 3aTeM
nepepHCOBblBalOT Ha CBOH nIICT.b1 6Y'\faru (CM. cxeM)' K plIC_ 33). B pe3ynb-
TaTe anaJIH3a ,J,eTn .o.onJKllb1 }'TOIHJITh. "liTO H3 rrepBO\1 3Tarre rro,!J,611-
72

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KpyrrHbTM .>Ken}'J],b. oTJ],en.H.IOT 'lIalIIeQKY, lllliJIOM .n;enalOT B BepxHeiI ero qa-
cnI oTBepCTH.H .n;JISI KperrneHIUI ranOBb! 1'1 P}'K, 3aTeM rrpOKaJIbIBalOT lID
OJUIOM}' OTBepCnIJO c rrpaBOH If JIeBOll CTOPOHb! ,I{JI.H HOr. KpYITHbIH neCHOE
apex (IfJIH KalilTan) no.n;Oll.J:eT .uJI.R rOJIOBbI_ B BepXHeiI ero qaCTH lllliJIOM
HaKaJIbIBalOT OTBepCTlIe II)lSl caeJI.HHenUR C TynoBHIUeM u no J],Ba OTBep-
CTIDI no 60KaM ,IJ;JIH YilleR. IIPOKOJIbI .n:enalOT U B 'lfeTbIpex IIJIIOCKax. KO-
TopbIe lICIIOJIb3}'IOT ,!J.JUI PYK II Hor nrpYlllKII.
Ha BTOpOM 3Tane rrJIlOCKH-PYKII npnCOe)IHIDIlOT K >Ken}'.::uo-ryJIOBlIlltY.
.II:JI.H 3Toro lIX npOKaJIblBalOT TOHKOll rrpOBOJIOKoit:. a 33TeM CB060111IO orry-
CKalOT 'lfallJeqKlL .D:JUI P}'K MO.>KHO HCrrOJIb30BaTI. T3KJKe 3eMJI.BHble opexH.
IlnIOCKH-HorH u.eJIeC006pa3HO Ha6HTb IIJI3CTlIJIHHOM (MS! }'CToiI'lfHBOCTH
llrpYIlIKH). nocne .3Tora CKpeIIJIRJOT qallle'lfKII-HOrlI II T}'!IOBlime KOPOT-
KHMU, 3aOCTpeHH1.lMlI C 060HX KOHUOB BeTO'lfKaMH IUIH CIIH1.IKaMU. BOTK-
RYB nx B OTBepcTHS! .>Ken}'J:J:.H II ITJIIOCKll. ITnOTHO npn.>KaB K >KeJIY.n:lO. tIT061.l
He 6bIJIO BHIJ;HO COeIl,IIHHTeJIbHbIX BeTOqeK HJIH eIIWIeK.
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BOJIO't.J:KOH npOllJHBalOT nBa oTBepCTlul B JIeeHOM opexe, 3 npe.r:wapHTe:IbHO
B Ka)f(,.1IOH p3K}'IllKe 6bIJIII npOCBepneHbI MaJIeHhKHe OTBepCTHR. npHB.SI-
3aHHble }'llIH-paK}'IIIKH KaK 61.1 BlleRT H rrpH.IJ;alOT HrpYIliKe CMellIHOE
BH.IJ,. YlIIlI MO)I{.HO c.n;enaTh TaIOKe U3 nnlOeOK .>Ken}';D,.5I.
Kor.n:a rOJIOBa HrpYllIKH 6}'.D,eT rmOBa, ee COe.D.HIDIIOT c -ryJIOBJUIJ:eM.
.II:J1.H :,=)7oro OqeHb KOpoTK}'lO BeTOqK}' nJIH CITH1.IKY 3aOCTp.HIOT C 060llX KOH-
tiOB U BCTBBJIS!IO'T B 'BepXHee OTBepCTlIe :>Keny.n:JJ U HIDKHee OTBepCTne
73

opeX3 TaK. qT06hlWeH nOqTII He 6blllO Blumo. 3TO nOCJIe.IJ.HHll, qeTBepTbIll
:)Tall pa60TbI.
nocne Toro KaK .rreTII 33nOMHSlT rrocne.n;OB3TenbHOCTb n3rOTOB.1.eHHSI
nrpylIIKl1, MO)f{HO npHCTYIIHTb K ee C03.n;aHHIO. rOTOBhle no.n;enKH CT3B5IT
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HHCTB3 11 ne.n:OCT3TKU. ne,J,3ror cne,Il,llT. 'lfT06bI KpTfTHqeCKUe 3aMeq3nH.H
pe6sIT .IJ.eJIaJIHCb B .n;06po>Ken3TenbHOM Tone_
AeB04Ka C KOpOMblCIIOM (PL1c. 34)
QeJIb. 3aKpenlITb YMelIHe p360T3Tb co CXeM3TI1qeCKIIM PUCYHKOM 06-
pa3u.a, rrJI3HOM-CxeMOH nocne.n;OB3TeJIbHOCTI1 C03,II;3HIUI no.n:enKII; pa3BII-
B3Tb YMeHlIe oT611p3Tb He06xoIIMblJI M3TepIl3JI, YQTfThIBa.H UBeT3, OT-
TeHKlf, 4JOPM}', pa3Mep 4JOpMlIpOB3Tb .n;PY>KeCKlIe B3aHMOOTHOllielUIR B
npOI.(ecce pa60TbI.
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(1\.:faneHbKlIe) D,JUi ronOBbI, npo.n;onroB3ToH (cpe.n;HeJI BeJIlIqlIllbI) - .rrJISI TY-
nOBIIllJ,a, CYX3S1 COCHOBa.H llIHllIKa, rronOBHHKII cKopnynbI ."1eCHOrO opeX3,
n.HTb BfrOQeK pa3Hoii q,OpMbI, npOBonOKa. nJIaCTllJIHH, CnlILJKII 6e3 cepbI,
K}'COlIKII RpKOll TK3HH ,!IJISI IIJIaTOQK3_ llepeB.HHHbIH 6pYCOK, lIHI:IO, HO>K-
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QTO MO.>ICeT nOHa.n.06nTbC.H .n;JISI H3rOTOBJIeHII.H Ka.>KII,OH 'lIaCTlI. BOCrTIn3-
Tenb narrOMI1HaeT, lITO q,OPM3 M3TepHaJIa nO:;nKH3 COOTBeTCTBOB3Tb X3paK-
TepHbIM oc06eHHOCT.HM QaeTefl nrp}'IllKH. nplI BhI60pe H}'EHO Y'lIHTbIB3Tb
H HX copa3MepHoeTb. 3aTeM Ha YQe6HOfi .n:OCKe pl1CYIOT nnaH-cxeMY no-
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ne06xo.n;nMO MaCTepHTb BH3Qa.rre, 1.JT0 nOTOM, YT01..J:H.HIOT KonnqeCTBO 3T3-
nOB, HX nOCJIe.n;OB3TeJIbHOCTb.
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(CM. cxe'IY K pHC. 34). Ha nepBOM ""Iane HY>KHO oTo6paTb neo6xo)J.IiMbIll
M3TeplIan: AJI.H ronOBbI ;!J:eBOqKII - Ma.rrellbKIIH .>KenY.D,b OKp}TnOH 4JOpMbI,
)I;I5[ TynoBlII.IJ;a - >KenY.IJ.b epe,II,Heii BenUqHHbI 106KY ;aeJIalOT 1I3 COCIIOBOii
IIIIHIIKH_
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pemlOH KHU3Y 106KII, ee 3aMalIHBalOT B rOp.HqeH BO,J,e. ECJIlI T3KYlO
IIIHWKY nepeBepH}'Tb OCHOB3HUeM BBepx, nonyqlITC.H ITbIIIIHaSl 1060'llK3_
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.>ICenyne .n;:I.H COeIl,IIHeUIl5[ C TY!IOBlIII.:{eM npOKa:rhIBalOT OIl,liO OTBepCTHe, B
>Ken}'II,e-TY.l.OBlIWe - qeTbIpe OTBepCTH.5l (BBepx:y II BH1I3Y .n;:rSl coe.n;H-
ueUIlH C rOJIOBOMlI HII>KUen qaCTblO TJlIOBHI.Ua cnp3Ba H CIeBa .JUISI prKJ,
B IIIlHilKe-106Ke - O.IJ.no OTBepCTue cBepxy ;llJISI coe;:I.lInenI-JSI e Bepxneit:
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74

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75

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MaCTep.RT B IUITb 3TanOB. Ha nepBOM 3arOTa8JIliBalOT ,IJ;OnOnHllTenbHbIH
MaTepHaJI I1mr oq,opMJIeHlliI EypaTHHo. JIaI10111KH PYK. KOJIIIaK H HOC ;\e-
nalOT H3 6}'MarH. POT, rna3a, rryroBIiUbI Ha o.n;e.>K,ne D}'paTIiHO MO>KHO c,!J;e-
naTb II3 nJIaCTIIJIHHa Hnll BbIpe3aTb KP}'.>KOqKH 113 6}'MarH II npnUIeHTb HX
K KypTO':lKe.
AJI.H YKparneHlliI OJI,e.>KJI.bI DypaTHHo MO>ICHO H3 UBeTHOH 6}'MarH c;rre-
76

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naTb 60JIblllOll BOpOTHHK JIlO60H 4>OpMbI If paCKpaCHTb ero Ra nIG60H
BKYC.
Ra BTOpOM .3Tarre oT6upalOT MaTepHaJI ,QIT.H ronCB!.I If ryJIOBHru;a Hrpy-
IIIKH II .n;enalOT IlIIUIOM rrpOKOJIbI: ,IJ)UI rOHOBb! 6epYT MaJIeHbKHll neCHoH
apex. B KOTOpOM .n;enalOT O.IJ.IIH rrpoKon ;r);JI.H coeUHHeHIISI C TYJIOBlImeM;
,IJ)UI T)'JIOBlUUa HCnOJIb3YlOT KaliITaH 60JIbIIIOrO pa3Mepa. B HeM HaKaJIbI-
BalOT IISlTb OTBepCTHll - IIJIH PYK. Hor II COeIlHHeH1:1.H c renOBOH. HaKon!.I
.n;enalOT If B IIJIIOCKaX .>KenyWi (nJIH IIOJIOBHHKaX CKOpn}'IIbI KaIIITaHa).
Ha TpeTbeM :JTarre TynoBHlIIe coe;rrHHSUOT c rOnOBOH. rrpeD,BapHTe:JbHo
napeB BOpOTHlP:IOK. )J,JUI 3Toro na Bepnnrne KaIIITana BCTaBJIHIOT B rrpo.n;e-
JIaHHOe OTBepCTlIe CIIHqK}' illIH TOHKYIO CYX}'IO BeTOqKY. Ha KOTOpyro na.n.e-
BalOT neeHoR apex.
3aTeM c 60KOB If BHIf3Y KaIIITaHa, TaM, r,n;e HaMeqeHhI OTBepCTIUI ,:1)151
P}'K II Hor, rrplIKperuulloT rrpOBO!lOKY, npeIl,BaplITeJThHO 3aKPY1.J:eIJHyIO B
CIIHpaJIh.
Ha rrOCJIe,n;HeM 3Tarre 3aBeprnalOT n3rOTOBJIeHIIe no,n;e..TIKlI: R PYKaM
npHKJIeliBaJOT na.nOIIIKlI, K HoraM npHRpeIIJI.HIOT IIJIIOCKJI .>Ke.rry,IIell nnn
IIonOBHHKIl KaIIITaHOB. HanOnHeHHbIX IIJIaCTlUUIHOM )J.JISI 60JIhllIei1 }'CTofI-
':IHBOCTIl; 04JOPM.TISllOT nlll(O H YKparnaJOT Hrp}'IIlKY.
,lJ,eTH npHCT)'nalOT K pa60Te.
BOCIllnaTeJIh cneJ],HT 3a IIX ;r:J;eHCTBII.HMH. rrOMoraeT TeM, KTO 3aTpy,n;-
IDIeTC.H, nOII)J:ep>KHBaeT }'uaqH}'lO HHHl(lIaTIIBY. 4>aHTa3IHO pe6HT.
77

nn'"Ka (pL1c. 36)
QeJlh. 3aKpeIIHTb HaBbIK pa60ThI c nno.n;OM KallITaHa; COBeprneHCTBO-
BaTb YMeHHe caMOCTO.RTenbHO aHaJIH3HpOBaTb IIJIaH-CXeMY nocne,IJ,OBa-
Te.J:bHOCTH .n:eftcTBIIH lIP" C03.D;aHHU IITJ1YIlIKlI; cOBeprneHcTBoBaTb HaBbIKH
coe.n;HHeHlliI JJ,eTaJIeiI; BOcnHTbIBa7b HaCTOHQHBOCTb B ,!),OCTlUKeHlIH u.eJIII.
MaTepH8Jl II IiHcTPYMeHThI: KaIlITaHhI (pa3Horo pa3Mepa), 380CT-
peHHble CnUqKII "JIM IIaJIOlJ.KU, rrepb.H. IlIHllbI rneIl,wnUf. 6}'Mara, IIJIa-
CTIIJUIH, Knell, KpaCKH. .n;epeBSlHHbIll 6P}'COK. linmo, KIiCTOQKa. Kapa.H)J;aIll.
XOII pa60TbI. L\eT>IM nOKa3bIBaIOT MO,lleJIb 6YIIYIIIeH HrpYllIKH, 3aTeM
npe)J.JIaralOT CXeMaTH'lfHOe H306pa>KeHHe IIocne.J:OBaTeJIbHOCTH pa60TbI
na.J, no.n;enKOH. PaCCMaTpHBa.H llJIaH-cxeMY. lleTH caMOCTO.HTeJIbHO pe-
malOT, KaK HCrrOJIb30BaTb TOT HJIM JIROn MaTeplIaJI, KaKIIM CIIoco6oM co-
e.II;l1HHTb qaCTIf IfrpYIliKII. Ha cxe1e H306pa)l{eI-lbI qeTblpe 3Tana pa60TbI
Hall nO,l\eJIKOH (CM. cxeMY K pUC. 36)
CHaqaJIa oT6HpaeTcSI MaTepHaJI lUlH rynOBHIII3 - 60JIblIIOH KallITaH
(MO.>KfIO Hcnonb30B3Tb necHoH opex. .>Ken}'lIlf) II )IJI.H ronOBbI - Ma-
JIeHbKUH KaIIITaH (UJIU IIPyroH no,axOIl>IllIHH no <1JopMe MaTepuarr) B HHX
,IJ;enalOT llIillIOM OTBepCTlliI: llIeCTb B 60JIbllIOM KaIlITaHe (.IJ)UI COe,IJ;HHeHIUl
Hor. KpbIJIbeB. XBOCTa If illeH) II .IJ;Ba B ManeHbKOM (AJISI COe.JniHeHII.H C
lIIeeH If KJIlOBOM). HaKonbI ,IJ;enalOT H B rronOBHHKe cKopnYIIbI KallIT3Ha -
3TO 6YJJ.eT IIO,IJ;CTaBKa .rUI.H TITHUbI.
Ha TpeTbeM ::Harre MaCTepSlT ronoBY _ IllHn rJIe,IJ;JPIlflI, KOTOpbI.ll XO-
pOlliO HMlfTHpyeT KJIIOB, BCTaBJI.HlOT B OTBepcTHe. CeMeHa L1Ie,IJ;HQlflI rro.n;oiI-
;DYT AlliI rna3, HX CMa3bIBalOT KlIeeM If rrpHKJIeHBaIOT. 3aTeM H3rOTaBJIII-
BalOT ryJIOBHI.IJ;e. )J,JHI KpbIJ1beB II XBOCTa Ifcnonb3YIOT HaT}'paJIbHble rrepMI
rrTHIJ.. 06pe3aB HX B COOTBeTCTBIIH C pa3MepoM IfrpYIIIKH. HorH ,IJ;enalOT H3
naJIO'lfeK HJIH 3aoCTpeHHblx U oKpameHHblx CIIH:qeK. ,IJ;OrrOJIHIITenbHo
YKpeIIeHHbIx B oTBepCTIf.HX nJIaCTlfJIIIHOM HJIII KJIeeM. T}'nOBJUIJ:e
YKpelIJI.HIOT na IIO,IJ;CTaBKe, KOTopax nen3eTC.H .113 rrOJIOBHHKII KalliTaHa.
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Kor.n;a -qaCTII IITHu:bI rOTOBbI, ronOBY rrplIcoe;r:J;IIHSllOT K T)'nOBIIID;Y. 3TO
rrOCJ1e,II,HIIH .3Tan pa60Tbl.
IIocne aHaJIU3a ,II,eTII npHCT}'IIafOT K IBrOTOBJIeHHIO no.n;eJlKII. B rrpo-
uecee pa60ThI BOeIIJITaTenb rrOMoraeT TeM, Kro B gTOM HY.>K.IJ:aeTC.H, XBaJIHT
Tex, KTO rrpOSlBJI.HeT HaeroHqfmOCTh II TcprreHHe IIPH C03,IIaIlJUf :nrPYIIIKII.
TaK KaK 1aTepHa:-. .n;eTH BbI6IIpalOT caMOeTO.HTe:IbHO, nTlIll,bl "\.fOryT nony-
qlITbCSI caMble pa3Ho06pa31IbIe. Ou.eHIIBaR rOTOBble rro.n;eJIKII, nY.>KHO yqH-
TbIBaTb 3l}' oc06eHHOCTh pa60Tbi II rrOOllJ,pSlTb Tex ,!I,eTeit:, KTO HalI60JIee
Yi\aqno nOi\06parr MaTepRarr no q,opMe, UBeTY, pa3Mepy.
CTapHK XOna6b'" (pHC. 37)
QeJIb. ITpo.n;on>KaTb Y1..J:HTb )leTeI1 IICIIOJIb30BaTb pa3Ho06pa3HbIll nplI-
pO,I(lIbIiI MaTepHaJI .rUISI 1I3rOTOBJIeHH.H HrpYIlIKll (1lIIullKa, paKYIlIKa, .>Ke-
rrY,IIb, 6epecTa, BeTOtIKa); 3aKpenn.HTb 3HaHII.H 06 oc06eIIHocTSIX npHpO,II,-
Horo MaTeplIa.aa; COBepllIeHCTBOB8Tb }'MeHUe eaMOCTO.HTe.TJbHO YCTaH8BJIH-
BaTb nocne.n:OBaTenbIIOCTb pa60Tbl Ha OCHOBe llJIaHa-CXeMbI; BOerrllTbIBaTb
n03HaBaTeJIbHbIII IIlITepec.
MaTeplIaJI II HHcTPYMeHTb1: paKOBHHa ynlITKII, eOCHOBa.H llllIIIIKa. .>Ke-
nYJJ.b. 6epecTa. ;r:J;peBecllblH rplI6. BeTO'llKII. B0J10e K}'KYPY3bI. IIJIaCTIIJlI1H.
ceMeHa ap6Y3a. KJIefi. I1,epeBRHIlblll 6PYCOK. lllIUTO. KHCTOqKa. HO>KIlllIlbL
XO)) pa6oTbI. Eeee.n;}'H c I1,eTb).f11. IIell8ror BbISlCU.HeT. K8KIIX eKa30QHbIX
rrepCOHa.>Kell MaCTepHJIIi OHII CBOIIMH PYKaMH. llpeIVIaraeT HM c.n;enaTb
cTaplIKa XOTTa6bIqa. BOCIITfTaTenb nOKa3bIBaeT pe6RTaM Monenb IIrpYWKH
II BMeCTe C HIIMH OTMe-qaeT xapaKTepUbIe oc06eIIHocTH TIo.n:e.1JKII, ee qa-
eTH, orrpe,IIe:JSleT MaTepllaJI. KOTOpbIH MO:>KHO Hcrronb30BaTb ,I1}TH ee ll3ro-
TOBneHIISI.
B IIpoecce aHaJIII3a ITJIaHa-cxeMbI p860Tbl, n8plIcoBaHlIoH BOCnHTaTe-
neM, ,IIeTH }'CTaHaBJIHBalOT, ITO HrpYIlIK}' ll,enalOT B qeTbIpe 3Tana (CM.
cxeMY K pRC. 37).
CHaQa.'1a oT6HpalOT neo6xo.n;IIMblll MaTepHaJI ,II)Ul r0J10BbI H T}'nOBHwa:
.>KeJI}',II,b 11 KpyrrHYIO eOCHOBYlO IIHIIliKY. B >Ken}'ll,e ll,eJIalOT O.n;HH HaKon
IlIHllO:\1 (;urfl coe,nlIHeHUSI ronOBbI e TynoBIIllJ,eM), B UlIHilKe - TPH J1.H
PYK H weR).
Ha BropOM ::Halle MaCTepHT ronOB}" eKa30QHoro nepCOHa>Ka: Ll.a3a .D;e-
naIOT 113 CeM.HH nOnConHYxa IIJII1 ap6Y3a, HOC - H3 KOpOTKOll eyxoiI Be-
TOqKIL 6pOBII. YCbI II 60poD...v - 1I3 BonDe KYK}'PY3bI. Ha rOnOB}' Ha.ueBafOT
paKYIIIKY. .nnR qero CMa3bIBalOT ee KpaJl: KleeM H CJ1erKa nplI>KIIMaIOT K
:>Keny.n;lO. I1onY1..J:HnaCb QaJIMa.
3aTeM ronOBY coenUlUHOT e T)'JIOBl1meM C rrOMOIUblO 3aOCTpeHHoiI C
BYX eTopOH BeTOQKII. TIo 60KaM coeHOBOll IlIHllIKII B npo,ne.rraHHbIC OTBep-
CTII.H noIl, qellIYHKIi. BCTaBJI.HlOT JaOCTpeHHhIe BeT01.J:KII. CMa3aHHbIe
KneeM. - 3TO PYKII.
Ha rrocne,;]ueM :;nane 1I3fOTaBnUBaIOT one.>KII;Y. IToBepx BeTOqeK Halle-
BalOT P}'.:IOH\fIIKII 6epecTbL KOTopbIe }'KpeII.l..HfOT DJIaCTlInRHOM noIl, qe-
llI}'fIKU 1IIIHilKH. TIon}.'1..J:aIOTCR PYKaBa XaJIaTa. IIo.llon Xa.:laTa ;r:J;enaIOT 113
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IlIHllIKR {y ee oCHOBaHlISI:}, BCTaBn5lIOT fiOA QernyiiKI1 II 33KperuullOT nna-
CTIiJInHOM. TpeyrOJIbHIIKII 1I3 6epeCTbI MOryT CJIYJKllTb HoraMII (O,!UJH 1I3
}TJIOB ,!!OJIJKeH 6bITb WInHHee, ero 3arlI6alOT BBepx, rrpOTIIBOrrOJIOJKHbIll
KOHeD. Kpem!T TIJIaCnlJIliHOM K BJIyTpeHHell CTopOHe xa.rraTa)
OKOJIO CTapnKa MOJKnO rrOCTaBlITb ,!!peBeCHhIll rplIo, nepeBepH)'TbIll
IIIJ151llKOH BHJi3; rpn6 nOXO>K H3. KYBIlIHH, OTK}',IJ;a COrJIaCHO CKa30qJIOMY
CIO:>KeTY nOKBJ1S1:eTCSI: JDKIDIlL
IIOCJIe,!!oBaTeJIbHOCTb pa60TbI ycnrnOBJIeHa. ,IJ,eTII npliCTyTIalOT K H3ro-
TOBJIeHlIIO CHOlIX no,!];eJIOK. BocnHT3Tenb nOOII{p.HeT caMOCTOHTenbHOCTb
pe6,n, y,!!a'lHoe oq,opMJIeHI'e no,!!emm.
neTYWOK (Pl1c. 38, 39)
lJ,eJIb. Y'IllTb ,!!eTell ,!!eJlaTb HeCKOJlbKO BapnaHTOB OIlHOll mpYUIIm, nc-
nOJIb3Yj! pa3HbIll npnpO,!UIbIll MaTepna.rr; <jJOPMIIPOBaTb YMeHlIe caMOCTOj!-
TeJI.bHO CTpOlITI> CXeM}' nOcneJJ;OB3'IenbHOCTH H3rOTOBJIeHUH nO,1],e.1IKll H3
OCHOBe amUlIi3a MOJIerrIi-06pa3lJ,a; BOCfiHTbIB3Tb y pe6sIT JKeJIaHHe ;ue1l3Tb
Hrp}'llIK}' B no.napOK MaJlbI1ll3M; pa3BHB3Tb TBOpqeCTBO
80

nepBblH BapliaHT (plic.38).
MaTepH3JI H IDIcTPYMeHThI: IIIJlIIIKa, .>KenY.IJ:H, BeTO'q"KH nepeBbeB,
nTHqblI nepbS!:, lIe6oJIbllIOH TIMCT nepeBa, KpbIJIaTKJi KJIeHa, KJIeii, 6}'Mara;
nepeBSlHHbIH 6P}'COK, lllHlIO. HO)f{ (,!IJIS!: EocllliTaTenK). KHCTO'tfKa. HO)K-
IDfUbl.
XOA pa6oTbl. npeABapliTenblio B npol1ecce allanma MOAenli-06pa3l1a
nrpYllIKH ,!];e'IJi o6roBapHBalOT B03MOJKUbIe BapnaHThI lIcnonb30BaHlISl Ma-
'IepHarra, BbI,IJ;errSUOT tIaCTIf lIrp}'.lllKl1. ,3,e'IaJIlI, cnoco6bl ee H3rOTOBJIeHHSl If
}'KparneHlul.
3aTeM BOcrnnaTenb coo6rn.aeT, IJTO cerOllHH OHll 6}'J];}'T C3MH CTpOHTb
CXeM}' nOCJIenOB3TenbHOCTH pa60TbJ. A1UI 3TOrO Cllaqarra BCnOMHH31O'I.
K3K pHCOB3JIJi CXeM}' pa60Thi 1I3.n; .D.pyniMlI nrp}'lllK3MH. Ii npHcryrralOT K
ee C03)J:3HIHO ne.!l;arOr np"HlIlLl\.1aeT }'qaCTlIe B 06CYJK.IJ;eHIUl BOnpOCa, lID
MHeHHe CBoe BbICKa3bIBaeT nOCJ1eAlIHM, no6}'.}Ka.H ,IJ;e'Iell K C3MOCTD.Snenb-
HOMY onpe,!1eneHHlO nocneAOBaTenbHOCTIi ,!1eHCTBlill. 06CYAH8 npeACTO-
HIU}'l0 pa60TY. )J.eTJi HatIl1HaIQT plICOBaT.b CXeM}' n03TaIIHoro l.f3rOTOB-
nelili!! nOAenKIi (CM. cxeMY K pliC. 38).
Ha nepBoM 3Tane ,!1enalOT ronOBY. EepYT >Ken}1(b, OTAenSlIOT OT
IlJlIOCKIi, HO>KOM AenalOT npope31i cBepxy Ii CHR3Y _ B paClI1enliHbl cBepxy
BC'IaBJISUOT He6oJTbrnOH JIJiCT, a CHR3Y-Kp.bJ:JJaTIGI KJIeHa - 3TO 6Y,JJ;YT
rpe6emoK IT 6opoAKa. KnIOB AenalOT 1i3 ,!1BYX cnoeB 6YMarli HnH 3a-
oCTpeHHoll BeTKJi, rna3a - 113 6}'Marn lInH ceMHH. I1x npmureHBaIOT c no-
MOlll,blO KJIe.H.
3aTeM AnSI TynOBlill1a 6epYT 6onblll}'IO YAnliHeHHYIO IIIIiIllKY, B Hell y
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OTBepCTIUI HaKaJI.bIBaIO'I H B IIJIIOCKaX JKenY)J.ell. Q1'06bI 3aKOHtIHTb Bce
onepaUHH C lllHnOM.
Ha 1'peTbeM 3Tane coeJJ:HIDIIOT rOlIOB}' neTYIliKa c -rynOBHlllel\L nJIH
::)TOro KOPOTK}'IO Y3K}'1O Be1'KY 3aOCTp.sJ1OT C AB}'X KOHIIOB H BCTaBJISl:IOT B
OTBepCTlUIlIIHlIIKH-T}'nOBHIIla n JKenY,IJ..H-rOnOB.b1. Ha nOcne,D,HeM 31'ane 3a-
BepllIalO'I pa60TY Ha,IJ. no,nenKoii. 1130rH}'Tble KperrKJie Be1'KH - 31'0 Honf.
AnSI nan neTYlliKa 6epYT rmlOCKH OT ",eny)!,>!. BeTO'lKH-HOrH 3aOCTpSlIOT C
,IJ;B}'X KOIII:tOB, O,IJ;HHM KonUOM Be1'OlJKH BCTaBJISl:IOT B OmepCTJie llIHllI.K.H,
,D,pyrHM - B llJIIOCK}' .>Keny)J..H. 11 HaKoHeo., TpH-lJeT.bIpe rrepa BCTaBJISnOT B
OTBepCTHSI:. C,D,eJ1anHhle Ha caMOM OCTpne lllHllIKn, - nonyqIIJICSI: XBOCT.
An.H 6on.bllleii rrpOtIHOC1'lI lITpyuIKH Bee MeCTa COe)I.HueHIlSl: (KOUQ,hI Be-
TOQeK, rrepbeB Ji )J.p.) CMa3.bIBaIOT KJIeeM.
BOCIIHTaTeJIb Bee OTBepCTlUI HaK3.JIbmaeT caM. 3aOCTp.HeT KOHl.{bI Be-
TOK H H01KOM neJIaeT npope3H B :H<.eJIyne. MOJKHO pa3pe3aTh conOMHIIK}' H
06MOTa1'1> eIO Hon:: neT}'llIKa - OHH 6Y.!JYT rrOXOJKH Ha HOrJi .>KHBoro ne-
T)'xa.
ne.naror npe)J.JIaraeT .n;e'ISLM CMaCTepHTb neTYIliKa H3 APyroro Ma1'epna-
na, nonb3Y.HC.b TOR JKe cxeMOR.
BTOpoii BapHaHT (pHc.39).
MaTepHaJI H IDIcTPYMeJiThI: KallITaHbl, necHoH opex, JKenY)J.b
OBaJIbHOU q,0PMbI, rrepb5l, Be'IKH. IIaJIOqKa IUIH 3aocTpeUHaSl: CITH'llKa. lllRII
rne,D,WIHJi. nJiCTb51 reopnrna. ceMena B.bIOHa. KJIeii: ,D,epeBSl:HHbIH 6PYCOK.
mIlno. KHCTO'tfKa.
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XOA pa6oThI. TynoBurn.e neT}'lllK.a MaCTepSIT 03 K.alllTaUa WIJ.1 neCHoro
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Tep.HT H3 JIeneCTKOB reoprlma. KJUOB - 113 llilHIa rJIeJ],H'lJ.1II. rna3a - H3
ceMSlH BhIOHKa. Bce 3'I0 npHKJIel1BaIOT. BeTo1.J.KH nO,IJ;OH,JJ;YT AJISI: liOr. H3
nepbeB nOJI}'qaeTCSI: XBOCT. lIrp}'IIlKY npJiKpelUISl:IOT K no,n,CTaBKe_ C,D,e-
naHHOH II3 nOnOBJiHKJi 1IJI0;rJ;a KallITaHa. Tenepb ee MO)KHO nOAapHTh Ma-
JIeHbKIIM ,n,PY3bSl:M.
1113roTOBlleHI<e I<rpyweK no 3aMblCllY AeTei\
eJIb. Pa3BHBaTb y ,n,eTeH cnoc06HOCTb caMOCTOSl:TenbllO 38.Jlj1MbJBaTb
TeMY )];JU:I pa60TbI; 3aKpeIIJHITb }'MeHUSI: II HaBbIKJi pa60'IbI C npupO)UlblM
MaTepIIa.rrOM; BOCnJiTbIBaTb HlJULJ,JiaTlIB}'. caMOCTOSl:TeJ1bHOCTb_
MaTepl1aJI H HHCTPYMeHThI: JiCnOnb3}'IOTC.H MaTepua.TIbl, C KOTOpbIMU
,n,eTII pa60TaJIH paHee. 01lJ.1 pacnOnOJKeHbI B ;nOCT}'nHOM ,IJ;llil pe6srr MeCTe;
IIIHJ10. HO.>KHHlLbi. KHCTOGXJi, KapaH,1J.allI.I1.
XOII pa60Tbl. MeTOI\HKa opraHfl3al\fIfI ,noro BHl\a Tp}')\a B OCIIOBHOM
Jl)J:eHTJP::IlIa TOil, KOTOpa.H oC}'lll,eC'IBJISl:naCb Ha 3allilTJiSl:X no 3aMMCJIy. npo-
BO,IJ;HMbIX paHee (KaK B CTapmeM. TaK 11 B nO,IJ;rOTOBHTeJ1bIIOll K llIKone
rpynne). 31\eCb HeCKOJlbKO BapbH]JYIOTCSI npHeMLI pa6arblll MeTOI\Lf ee Op-
raHH3au.l1H: nanplIMep. eCJ1U Ha npeJlbI;nYllJ.HX 3alHIT.lliIX BocnHTaTeJ1b
npe,IJ;J1ara.rr pacCMOTpeTb Bce Hrp}'llIKH. KOTOpbte BblnOJIHeHbI ,n,eTbMIf pa-
Hee, TO Tenepb MOJKUO orpalDfllJITbCSl: nOKa30M U paCCMOTpeHueM nHIDb
HeKOTopbIX H3 HlIX. nOKa30M MoneJIell-06pa3uoB UJIJ.1 If X nepeQHCJIeIlJ.1eM.
3TO 6YAeT 3aBHCeTb OT CTeneHH nOJJ:rOTOBJIeHHOCTH ,D,eTeH.
O;nHaKO II)ISI: 3aHSlTIIH no 3aMhJCJIY OCTaeTC.H xapaKTepHOH 06ma.H no-
CJIe.n;OBa'IenbHOCTb pa60TbI:
1. C03JJ,aHue TaKHX }'CJIOBHll, npH KOTOpbIX ,n,eTJi CMOryT caMOCTOSl-
TeJIbHO BhJopan TeMbI pa6m (06.blrpblBaHHe BBO,D:nOH lJaCTU 3aIl.HTI::I.H, HC-
nonb30BaHIIe n03TUtIeCKOrO CJIOBa. paccMaTpHBaHJie IIrp}'1lleK. C,D,eJ1aHHblX
paRee, HJIll HX PllCYHKOB II T.I\.), nOKa3 CXeMaTH'IeCKoro illlaHa ('1epTeJKa)
BHelIlHero B.H)J:a IITp}WeK, KOTOphJe rOTOB.HTCH Ha 33H.HTUli.
CJIO.>KHOCTb 03rOTOBJIeHIDI npe)J.JIaraeMbIX Urp}'IlleK He nonJKHa npeBhI-
lllaTb B03MO)KHOCTeii pe6S1:T. CTeneHH OMa)J.eUHSI: lIMH HaBblKaMH MaCTe-
pHTb.
2. YTOtIHeHHe nOcne,D,OBaTeJ1bHOCTIf Ji3rOTOBJIeUH.H 3a,IJyMaHHbIX HrP}'-
meK (B 06m.eM U IfI-I,D,JiBH.IIYaJIbHOM IJJIaHe) H COCTaBJIeHHe ,n,eTbMJi lUIaHa
npel\CTO'lIl1ei'l pa6oTbl.
3. CaMOCTO.HTeJIbllbrn no.n60p M3TepHarra If UHcTp}'MeHToB ,IVI.H ocy-
I:QeC'IBJIeHHSI: 3aMblCJI3 (33KpelIJIeHUe npaElUl nOBe,n,eH.lliI If TeXHHKH 6e30-
naCHocTU). npJi no,n60pe M3TepIIarra BocnHTaTeJIb HarrOMHHaeT ,IJ;eTSl:M 0
ero CBOHCTBaX, 0 B03MO}KHOCTSl:X KOM6JiHHpOBaUU.H pa31lbiX MaTepIIaJIOB
npH H3rOTOBJ1eHHII HrpyrneK.
4. 1I3rOTOBJ1eHIIe no,n,eJ1KH )J.OIllKOJIbHHKaMJi.
5. KOHTponb co CTOpOHbI B3pocnoro 3a pa60ToH neTeH (oKa3allHe l1H-
JJ:HByaJ1bllOH IlOMQlllH).
83

6. AWlJI03 0 OUeHKa pe3}'JlbTaTOB C ytIeTOM IHUJ,HBll,IW31TbHhIX B03MO:>K-
HOCTeH ;neTeH.
7. Y60pKa TPY.3,OBOTO }TOnKa llJUI KOMl13.TbL
Bce nOcne,J:U7IOI:I{He 3allmllIl nO 3aMbICn}' MO)J(HO rrpOBO.IJ,HTh, npll,Il,ep-
JKHBaIlC.b ;naI-JHbJX peKOMeH,Ilalf.JlH.
V13rOTOSAeH",e ",rpyweK "'3 COAOMbl
KYKllbl ,",3 COf\OMbl (p'"'c. 40\
IJ.eJ1b_ n03HaKOMJITb I{eTell c nOBbIM npllpO;nHbIM MaTepmlJIOM - co-
nOMon, ee OC06eHHOCTSl:MH; yqllTb MaCTepllTb I1rp}'IUKI1 03 conOMM; q,op-
MllpaBaTb HaBbIKll pa60Tbl C cono'\.foiI; BocnllTbIBaTb ;n06paJKeJIaTeJIbllbIe
aTIIOllIeHUII .n;eTeiI.
MaTepHaJI D IffiCTPYMeHTbI: ConOl'IIIa. ll,BeTIIbIe JTOCKYTKH, HllTKIt HJUi
npOBonORa, KpaCKH. HO>KHl1II.bI, KllCTOtIKa.
Xa,n pa60TbI. BOCIIJJTaTe 1b nOKa3bIBaeT ;o;eTSl:M llrpYlllKI1, CII,enaHIfbIe
113 COJIOM.bI, II cnpalllHBaeT. ll3 KaKOrO MaTepHana Ollll C.!J:ellallbl: YTOtI-
lliJeT. ':ITO conOMa HBllSl:eTCSI: OtIeHb y,n:06HbIM II ;nOCTynIlbIM MaTepllaJIOM
LUISI: pa60TbI; nOKa3bIBaeT nY':IKll O'-llfllIeUHOH: COJIOMbI. ,IJ;aeT B03MO.>KHOCTh
nOTpOraTb ee p}'KaMll. OIIt\-'TI1Tb rna,I{K}'1O nOBepX110cTb. rroJlIo60BaT.bCSI
I.J;BeTOM. BbI3blBa.SI >Ke!IaHlle pa60TaTb C 3THM MaTepJiaJIOM. (ConoM)' ,IJ)ISI:
no;u;ellOK JI,eTJI c06MpaIOT BO BpeMH 3KCK}'PClIll ua none nOCJIe y60pKH
}'pO)Ka5l.) BacnmaTenb crrpannmaeT pe6S1:T. XOTH'T nll OHll c,n,enaTb Hrpy-
lIIKll ll3 COnOMKJi. H npeAJIaraeT nOCMOTpeTb, KaK ,JJ;eJIaeTCSI: KYKJIa. Ha
.J,aIUIOM 3aIUlTllll BOClli1TaTeJIb llCnOn.b3yeT MeTO;n rrOKa3a II aHaJIll3a npo-
u,ecca ll3rOTOBJIeHIDI. nrp}'lllKll. B ,naJIbueiulleM Ha TaKoro pO.II,a 3allii'IllSiX
MO)KHO ycno.}KHllTb aHaJIH3. nOKa3bIBa7I ;neTIIM Cpa3}' rO'lOBYIO llrp}'lllK}'
RnH ee pnCYHOK.
lIrpYlllK}' BbIrrOJIlliIIOT 1I3 o,nHoro nytIKa conOMbI Ji npOBOJTOKH. AnIl
"TOro COJIOMY O:\JmaKOBOll JIJIHHbl co6HpalOT B ny'lOK (He TOJJll\e 4-6 CM),
CrJi6aIOT nononaM H, HeMuorO oTcTyrmB OT BepXYIIIKll (npJi6nll3HTenhuo
2 CM), nytIOK nepeXBaTbJBalOT HeCKOJlbKO pa3 KpeDKoii HIITKOii HJIII
'lOIIKOii Me;nnofI rrpaBonOKOU. 3'lO fonaBa. 3aTeM c 06eHx CTapOH rrytIKa
OT.n;enSl:IOT no He6oJI.bIIJoll erO ':IaCTH canOMlinOI{ ;lIJJSI: P}'K, KOHlJ,hI 06pe-
3aIOT H nepeTIIfllBaIOT HHTKOfI. Tarrl1lO KYKJIhI nepenIfJiBaIOT KpenKofI
HIITKOii. a Hll3 n}'l.fKa pacnpaBJIIIIOT - non}'tIaeTC.H I06Ka.
J1llUO K}'K.JThI pJiCYIOT KpaCKoii BacnHTa'lenb 06paLI.J;aeT BHHMaHlle
pe6S1:T Ha TO, ":ITO B 38BHCJiMOCTH OT oq,opMneHHII K}'KJI.b1 Mor}'T nOn}'lJaT.bCSI:
pa3HbIMll: 6a6YIIIKa. .n.eBOQKa. Hanpl1Mep MallIeHbKa. Ha rOnOB} 3TOfI
K}'KJIbJ M01KII0 Ha,I{eT.b llI:ISl:IIK}' (tIallle':lKa Kp}'IlllOrO JKen}'M, KonOKOnb-
tIlIK KaKoro-nH60 ltBeTKa). nOBSI3aT.b KOCbIHK}'. 3aTeM Ha.n:eTb IT..113Tbe. 3aIT-
lIeC'l1I KOCY. ;u;aT.b B P}'KU KOp3HHOtIKY. <})ap'lYK KYKJIhI-neBOtIlUI JI'1;lllle
C1J,enaTh KopOTem.KllM R 60nee Sl:pKOll paCll,BeTKM. CaMa K)'Kna llOJDKHa
BbIL"'1I1.J,eTb TOHbllIe no. cpaBHeUlllO C KyKnoiI-6a6ylIIKofL
KYKJJa-6a6yrnKa (pIlC. 40) nOBH3ana nnaTO'lKOM, na He;; )J,JnIllHblij
84

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J

-- --
J1 · t. ft. t.
oj; 
PMC. 40
cjJapTYK "3 He>lpKOll MaTepn", 3TY KYKJIY Hailo ileJIaTb H3 60JIee TOJICTorO
nytIK8 COJIOMhI. qeM KYKJI}'-,n,eB01.fK}'.
)J,.JHI KpeIIJIeHlI>l (nepe.3.SJ3bmaHn>l) '1aCTeH - men, PYK, TamJll -
MOJKHO HcnOnb30B8Tb COJIOMY (HJUf llHITOBbIe MO'-larra) c nponyIU.eHHOfi qe-
pe3 Ree rrpOBOJIOKOiI.
noene Toro K8K ,[I,em YCBOSIT nocne,rrOBaTeJIbHOCTb lI3rOTOBJIeHI15L Jirp}'-
lllKH. QHH npHCTynalOT K oC}'WeCTBJIeHIDO CBORX 38MbICnOB.
B X0.Ae pa60Tbl BOCIun8Tenb YTO'-lIDIe'I OT,neJIbHbIe ::H8nhl rrpOI.tecca
TPY.na. rrOMoraeT .neTSl:M co6HpaTb COn OM}' B JIy'-I.KJ1. QTo6bI Bce CDJTOMJiHKH
npHJIera.!lH O)\Ha K ilPyroH.
HaH60nee CJIO.>KHblH 3Tan pa60ThI - OT,D,eneHHe COnOMbI OT o6wero
ny'llKa ,n.iHI P}'K, nepeTsITHB8uHe ee I1HTKOH (npoBonoKoH) ,IJ)HI Ji3rOTOB-
JIeRIUI ronoBbI, T}'JIOBJU.IJ.8. '3,D,eCb BOCnm8TeJlb MOJKeT JiCrrOJIb30BaTb Me-
TO,I( rr8CCHBllbiX nBIDKeHHii. KpOMe Toro, OH OpraHI13yeT B3aUMonOMOIIlb
,!];eTeH npH CTSITHBaHJ.1H Ill1TKOii nyqKa COnOl\1bI. 3TO ,il,aeT B03MOJKHOCTb
KaJKD;OMY .D:06uThcSI JKenaeMOro pe3yn.bTaTa.
fOTOBbJe nOllenKH aH3...TJH311PYIOTCSI Ii OnelJliBaIOTCH. BocIIHTaTeJIb OT-
MeqaeT Tex .!IeTen. KOTOp.bIe nOMOraJIH TonapuruaM BO npeMSI pa60Tbi.
COIIOMeHHbl Mallb"K (pc, 41)
n:eJIh. llPO,ltOJIJK8Tb yrIHT.b pa60TaT.b C COJIOMOH; 38KperuurTb HHTepeC
.neTeii K 3TOMY MaTepHaJI}'; OpMHpOBaT.b YMeHlie [IJ1aHHpOBaTb 3Tan.bI pa-
60ThI Han HrpYlliKoH H3 JI1060ro npupoAHoro MaTepHaJIa C }'qeTOM ero
CneUHJ.1KH; pa3HBa.Tb HaBblKIf caMOKomponSi.
85

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J


'"- --
". it. f. *.
PHc.41
Ma-repHaJ1 H HHCTp)'MeHTbI: COJlOMB, npOBOJlOKB. HllTKll. KJlell OBA.
Y3KasI neHTa. KYCOt{l{J{ srpKoii MaTepHU: HOJKffifQh1, KHCTOtIKa.
XO.I\ pB60Thl. BOCllHTBTfm1> BJ,JCTBBJHleT HB YQe6HOH IJ,OCKe MOlJ,em,
nrpYllIe"IIHOrO COJIOMeHHOro MaJlblJlIKa. npe,IJ,JIaraeT paCCMOTpeTb CXeM}'.
OH npOCHT pe61IT CpaBHHTh ee C npelJ,hl.I\Y1UHMH HrpYIIIKBMH H3 COJlOMKH,
OTMeTJITb pa3JIH\lne BO BHelliHeM BMe II B CB5I3Ji C 3THM 06paTHTb BHHMa-
HHe Ha oco6eHHOCTH H3rOTOBJIeHUSI ROBOiI Hrp}'IllKH. BOCIIHTaTenb no.A-
qepKIIBaeT, qrrO npHHUlill ll3TOTOBneHH5I. COJIOMeHHOro M3.Jlbt,IHK3 nO,IJ;06eH
npmm.IIIIY ll3rOTOBJIenllSl npe.I\hI.I\YIl\eH HrpyUllill, on npelJ,JlBrBeT BCnOM-
HHT.b, KaK MaCTepHJJaC.b K}'KJIa H3 COJJOMM, 11 HapHCOBaT.b CXeM}' nepBhIX
TPex 3TarrOB pa60TbL BHa'-larre rryqOK xapOllO pa3MOQeHHOH COJIOMhI crn-
6aIOT nononaM E: rrepeBSI3bIBaIOT KPeITKOH HHTKOH. nonY'lHJlaC.b ronOBa.
3BTeM MBCTepSlT PYKlI. )J,JlSI 3TOro C 06eHX CTOpOH ny'!KB OTlJ,eJlSlJOT '!BCTh
COJJOMHHOK, 06pe3alOT KOHl.{bI Ii nepenII'ImaIOT HHTKOii, ,n,arree nepeT5IrH-
BalOT Ta.rrmo K}'KJlbJ KpelIKon HHTKon.
JJ:arrbHeihllee 3aBepllleHHe nO,IJ;eJIKH D.eTJI ,il,OnJKHhI ,D;OMbICJIIITb caMO-
crosneJIbHO. OTpa3MTb ero B cxeMe 11 3aKOHtIIITb pa6oT)1, pa3JJ,eJIJ.1B nyQOK
conOMbJ HIUKe TaJIlUi rrorrOJIaM II l1epeB.H3aB Ka}f{J];Yro lJaCTb - rrOJIpUi-
nHCb HorH.
ITeJJ;aror rrpe,zrJIaraer neTJiM HOBbI" cnoc06 II3rOTOBneHHSI: P}'K - H3
KOCHIleK. EepYT He6oJIbIllOH nytIOK COJIOMbI, nenSl:T Ha TpJi '-laCTJi, IIne"fYT
KOCHlJKJ.1 Ha rrpOBOJTOlJHbIll CTepJKem, (OH I{OnJKeH 6bITb ll,JUIHHee C31\fOH
KOCH'!KH). 6rrBmlJ,BpSl KOTOPOMY P}'KlI COe)UIHSlJOT C TyJlOBHweM. OCTBJIh-
Hoe octJopMJIeHHe HrpyllIKH .n;eTJI OCYIl!eCTB.lJ5IlOT ca."rlOCTO.HTeJI.bHO.
86

113 MaTepUH BbIpe3aIOT rna3a, HOC, pOT Ii HaKJIeHBaIOT Ha COJIOMKY -
rrOJI}".JaercSl nHl1;O. JIuuo MOJKHO c.u;eJIaTb H H3 6eJIOH 1:L'lH p030BOH TOHKOH
'fKaHH, KOTOP}'IO rrpe)]Bapl1TenbHO Cne,D,yeT oKynYTb B paCTBOp JKeJI8TliUa
MilM K.ocsr DBA (pa3JKI1JKCHHbIH pacTBop). Koqa TKam BbICOXHCT, cc "po.
rn8JKHBaIOT rOpSllJHM }'TlOroM, a 3aTeM PHC}'IOT nHI:J.O - rna3a, HOC, pOT
(pHCOB8Tb nyqwe MaCJISl:Hb1MH KpaCK8MH 11.1]1: ry8WbIO), 3aTeM nHll,O BbIpe-
3alOT 11 HaKJIeI1B8IOT.
IDanOl.IK\I Il3 conObI ,n,enaIOT TaK: nylJOK COnO'\.fbI p8CKJIa)]bIBaIOT Bep-
THKaJIbHO H Ha 0AI1" KOHell, HaKJI8.IJ,blBaIOT Y3KYIO JIelITY, H8Ma3aHH)'IO
KJIeeM, KOHll,bl KOTOPOH CKJIel1BalOT (Hnli CIJJHBaIOT). BepXHHH iwnelJ
I1Yl.lKa 3aBSl:3bIB8IOT KpenKOH HHTKOfi; lJT06bl llEISl:nKa 6blJI8 KpaCIlBOH,
cBepxy HHTOK 3aBSl3blBaIOT neHI} TaKOTO JoKe l\BeTa, KaK 11 nO)),KJIeeHH8.SI
BHH3Y. rOTOB}'IO 1II8rrOlJK}' Ha)]eBaIOT MaJIbl.j]1K}' Ha fOnOB}'.
113 SlpKoro KycOlJKa l\faTepHl1 MO)KHO (JI,e:JaTb Manbl.J:HKY noSl:c.
YTO':llll1B 110CJIe,!IOBaTenbHOCTb pa60TbI, J];eTIl npHCT}'n8IOT K H3fOTOBJ1e-
lUlIO nOJ1enKH.
no XOI(}' pa60TbI BOCnl1TaTenb H8rrOMHHaeT, ':ITO Heo6xo,O,UMO KOHTpO-
nl1pOBaTb C8011 neHCTBHSI. CBepSlTb IlX C 06IIIH'\1 BJ1..QOM Mo;uenR - TOnbKO
npH :=ITOM ycnoBHR C0311alIH8.51 nrp}'lIIK8 6YJJ:eT noxo)J(a Ha 06p83en.
AOM (p"c. 42)
IJ;eJIh. YlJliTb ;u;eTeH C006ru8 pa60TaTb Ha,J. O,O,HOH HrPYIllKoii, cnpaBe::J;-
nHBO pacnpe,n,enSl:Tb 06S1:38HHOCTH Me.>K,llY C060H; 1103H8KOMl1Tb C rrpueMOM
pa60TbJ no BblKpoHKe.
MaTepHaJI U liHcTPYMeHTbl: conOMa, nnornaSl: 6}'Mara, KJIeii, l1epra-
MeHTHaSl 6}'Mar8; HO)KHI, KHCTOl.J:Ka, KapaHMIll, JIliHefu<:a.
XO,D, pa60ThI. BOCI1HTaTeJIb, KaK H Ha npyrux 3aHSlTlUIX, BMeCTe
C ,n,eTbMH orrpe;U;e.:ISl:eT 110Cne,IJ;OBaTeJIbHOCTb H3IOTOBJIeHHSI: HrpYIliKH. JJ;eTH
B XO,!Ie 6ece;J.bI BhI.5ICIDIIOT, 1.JTO BHal.J:a!Ie lI3 6Y1\'larH ,n,enaIOT BhIKPOHK}' 60-
KOBhIX CTeH J];OM8 no I1pHHUHny Il3roTOBJIeHHSI Kopo6KII (Iwe I1pOTHB0I10-
nO)KHbIe CTeHKH I1pSl:MoyronbHoH Op'\lbL .IJ;Be ,!J.pyrHe. KaK I10Ka3aHO H8
pIlcYHKe). C ,IJ;aHIlbIM npIlHUluTOM pa60ThI .J,eTH n03HaKOMl1JIHCb Ha 3aIUl-
THSIX no KOHCTpy"poBaHHIO B cTaplIIe:f1 rpynne. 3aTeM lla BhIKpoHKe xa-
paHJ.J;alIIOM HaMe1.JaIOT OKHa 11 ,IIBepli, BbIpe3aIOT HX, nOCJIe lJero CTeHKH
CKJIeHBaJQT KJIeeM nBA. J],nSl TOro 1.JT06bl ,IJ;OMI1K OOPMJlTb COJIOMOH, ee
rOTOBHT TaK: npe.IJ;BapHTenbHO oopa60TaHHYlO (38I1apeHH)'IO) conOMY pa3-
pe3alOT B.TI,OJ11:, Jl llaKJIeI1BaIDT Ha nepraMeHTH}'1O 6Y'Iary. C nOMOW,blO
ycnOBHOH MepKll nepeHOCHT pa3MepbI CTeH lIa 1l3fOTOBJIeHH}'ro conOMY,
HaKneeHH}'IO H8 nepraMeHTH)'IO O}'Mar}', BbIpe3alOT ,n,eTaJIH H HaKJIellBaIOT
"HX IIa COOTBeTCTBYIOIIUIe CTeHKlI .:!l:OMIJKa.
Kp.bIill}: iJ.OMHKa Bb[pe3alOT OnrenbHO II3 Tofl )Ke n.rronLOfi 6}'Maru. l.J:TO
H CTelIDI. 11 aHanonil.IHO 06KneHBalill conOMOH. nocne lJefO KpbIlIJY npnK..'IeH-
BalOT K CTeHKaM. [ho6b1 ,IIO'\HIK 6hill HapMHee. CO:IOMe '\.fOJKIIO rrplI!IaTb
nI06bIe OTTeHKH, pa3rna)KHBaSl ee Ha nepraMeHTHOII 6YMare }'TIOrOM, Ha-
rpeTbIM J],O p33.1Jif1-Ifmi"I TeMnepaT}'pbI
B7

D D DO
/ !h
I Ii I I  J--LJ

1IIIIII/IJ/lj  1lF""'""""
... "oo"
r- ".¥
PMC. 42
ConOMeHHbIH .D;OMI1K MO}l{HO CJJ:e.rraTb If ,IJ;pyrnl\f cnOC060M, HCnOITh3Y51
HeBbLl\.fOlJeHH}'lO COJIOM}'. Jl.JTSl 3Toro oT6lIpaIOT If rrpRKJIeHB310T K CTeHK3M
II,OMUK3 OT;J,eJIl>HO nO COnOMHHKe. Ha KpI:.Illl}' ;:J,OMHK3 conOMY rrpHKJ1eH-
H310T nytIKOM. no TpH-lJeThIpe conOMHHKH, H Ha CfH6e KpbJIIlli
CBSl:3blB3lOT TOHKOH rrpOBorrOKOH MJtR IIHTKOH B BH)].e MeflKHX CHOnOB. Pa-
60T3Tb H3J1 OJ];HRM !I.OMIfKOM Mor}'T OJlnOBpeMeHHO ,!lBOe-Tpoe ;lIeTeR.
KOCMOHaBT (p"c. 43)
I..J;eJ1b. 3aKpennsITb YMeHne pa6oT3Tb C CO:loMofr: C3.MOCTO.RTenbIIO C03-
)l3B3Th cxeM)' nOCJle:aOB3Ten.bHOCTH H3rOTOB.ileHHSI: WPYIIIKH: ctJOPMHpO-
B3Th H3BbIKH KOn.TJeKTHBHOrO TpY1l3 (coEMeCTHOe 1I3fOTOBJ1eHHe CBepCTHH-
K3MH OD,1I0M HrpywKII If pacnpeneneHHe Me)f(' lIl-I'\1U 06SJ3RIlHocTefI).
88

MaTepHaJI H HHCTpYMeHTbI: COnO1a. )f(en}'JI,.b, BeTOlJKa. rOpOlIUUThI.
rrpOBOnOKa (>KenaTen.bHO Me.n;Ha51 ,p;IIaMeTpOM 0,2 MM) IInH HHTKH, KIeH,
CTeKa. 6}'Mara, KapaH1I.all, HOJKIUUJ,bI, KHCT01JKa.
Xo,n pa60ThI. nOcJIe co06weIl.ltil: TeMbI BocnllTaTen.b nOKa3bIBaeT
)IeTHM MO.:!J:eJI.b-06pa3eQ IIrp}'llKH KOCMOHaBTa II MO.D,eJI.b Hrp}'lllKH conO-
MeUHoro MaJIb1JIIKa. B npou,ecce aHaJIH3a pe6sITa BbUICHHIOT, 1JTO npHUl],HIJ
H3rOTOBJIeUl1S1 no.n;enKH 111\1 3HaKOM TaK KaK ,!];eTJi YJKe pa60TanH Ha,II no-
)J.06HOH TeMOH, TO Tenep.b HX Hau,eJIHEaIOT Ha eaMOCTOSlTe!IbJIOe nOCTpo-
eHHe cXeMaTH':IeCKOrO 11306pa)KeHHSI: nocneJJ:OBaTeJIbHOCTH pa60TbI H
YTOqnelIJfSl onepm.{HH (eM. cxeMY K pllC. 43).
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60Tbl CXO,IIllhl C 3TanaMll pa60'IbI HaJJ TyecKoM, TOJlbKO 3TO Gonee
CJlO)KHbIIl BRpllam.
CHa'-Ia.la no.u;6upRIO'T np.HMoyro;IblThIH JUICT 6epeCThl, BblpaBIUIBRIOT
ero. O\f.IflllalOT H HaKJIa,tI,hTBaIOT cBepxy BbIKPOHKY. 3arOTOEJIeHHYlO BO-
CIIUT3TeJIeM 3ap3nee. 3aTeM BLIpe3aIOT ,ruIO p.:JISl Be,lJ,epK3 B Bll,[e KpyrR no-
JIOCKY ,II.!lR PY1fKH II 60KOBYlO IIOBepXHOCTb. 113 IIJDKHeM Kpae KOTOPOH ,a;e-
J]alOT na,lJ,pe3bl no 3apaHee naMelleHUOH K3paHJJ,alllOM J]HHHH LJTo6LI aa,n:-
pC3bI rro.rrY'-lUJIl1eb OJJ,UHaKoBbte, n3MeQeHH}'JO Kapcuu.!,arnOM wlIfHIUO 3aru-
6alOT If nocne ::noro OplieHTIfpYJOTCSl H3 nl1HIUO eruoa. H3 cj]C,D,YJOmeM
3Tane Kp3Sl 60KOBOH nOBepXHOCTH naKJIa;r:J:blBaJOT O;1I1H na .upyroH If crnlI-
BaIOT. a U3.J.pe3bl UIDKHero KpaSl aKKvpaTIIO rrpIIKJI3,ilbIl33IOT K ,l:{OHbIlllKY.
npeABapl1TeJIbHO CM333HlIOM}' KjJeeM.
noene 3Toro K Be;o.epKY npllllIHB310T C!lO:)KeHlIYJO BJ],Boe pYQKY, O,IIJfH
KOHen KOTOpofI rrpUKpen::IHIOT K MeCTY uma 1I3roToBJ1eHHbIe HrpYIUKR
AeTH HcrrQ1J.b3YIOT 13.0 BpeM5I rrpOI'YJIOK ;II!lH c60pa .rrllCTbeB. B nrpe.
C068"K8 To6"'K (p...c. 48)
eJIb. 3aKpeIL1J.RTb lIRBblKH If3rOTOBneHHR IIrp}'IllKH H3 oepeCTbI no
BbIKpOI1Xe; pa3BUBaTb Bo06palKeHlIe; nRIIpaBJUlTb }'CUJIH.H KaJK,I.l;OrO pe-
6eHKa lIa caMOCTQ.sneJJbllOe nOCTpoeHHe cxeMbI n03TRIIHOro Jf3fOTOB-
J]elIHf,I Urp}'IllKU; 4JOpMUPOB3Tb fl3CTOMqHBOCTb B D,OCTHJKeUHU nOCTaB-
JIeHIlOH L(eSIM.
MaTepl1aJI 11 lIHCTpYMeHTbI: 6epeCTa. BeTOQKI1, rra.l]OQKJf 11."1.11 CIIUtIKH.
IL'JO,a;bI llfHIIOBIDIK3. ceweua rJIe,!J,H'-IIIH. K.neH nBA. unaCTllJTUH, IUITKI1; ;J.e-
peBSlHlIhlH 6PYCOK, lIrOllKR. HO)}{II11U,hl. llIHJIO.
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T06IfKa. J],eTIf BcnOMUH3lQT. '-lTO OHIT y*e MaCTepHTIII C06RtIC1\: 113 3eM-
ilHlIorO opeX3 H: )KenY,II,eR. Terrepb OHH HayqaTCH .II.e."1aTb I1rpYUIK}' 113 6e-
peCTh!. Ha YQe6H)'IO )J.OCKY BbIBelilllBalOT '1O;J,eJIb-06p33eu IIrpYWKu ;:{eTu
pa3!\:fbIWJIRIOT 0 cnoc06e BbllIOn:HenT-f5J Ka)KJJ:oil tIaCTU rro;:{eJIKM. OTMeqalOT
cBoe06pR3uC HCnOJIb30B3nlIR MaTepH3JIa.
B rrponecce 06cY}l{Jlel-uUI 3T3rrOB pa60TbI BocrrllTRTeJIb 06pam3eT I1X
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J].HMble .II.eT8JIU, a 38TeM I13 HHX CMRCTepHTb HrpYlllKY. J],eTli PUC}'lOT cxeMY
nOCne.II.OBaTeJIbHOCTli .II.efICTBHll.
Ha rrepBOM :nane 3aroTaBJUmaJOT IUICT 6epeCTbI, 3apaHee BbIMO-
qeUHblH, c nOMOll{blO BbIKpOHxH .II.eJ1aIOT pa3MeTK}' II BbIpe3RJOT: ,J:(.rUI. TYJIO-
HIII.IJ:a rrpHMO}TOJIbHHK, )].JIH fQT}OBhI ceKTOp. 11)15.1 JIaTI II }'llleli IlIeCTb KYCOq-
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II TynoBHI.IJ:e H3 BbIpe3aHHoro MaTepHa.rra. rTpRMO}TOJIbHHK II ceKTOp C80-
pa'£llUllilOT IJ:lillHH.IJ.pHKOM Ii KyneqKOM, no Kparo CIllIIBalOT IUIlI npOlliHY-
pOBbIBalOT - 3TO fOJIOBa II T)'JIOBHll{e.
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Bblpe3aHHble pane€. rna3a ,!J,€JIaIOT I13 C€MRH rJI€,IIlfl-JnH. a HOC - li3 n:Io.J,a
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JIOIUUneM rrpH rrOMOIL{H TIJIaCTlf:Uilia.
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97

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(rna)\Ka>I )\oIl1e'lKa pa3MepoM 15 x 10 CM). H. PYWKM OQeIIHBaIOTC>I, a pa-
6o'me MeCTa y6HpaJOTC>I_
MaWMHa (P"c. 49)
l.\em,. YKpemUITb y !leTe,,- HHTepec K pa60Te C 6epecTO"-, COBepweH.
CTBOBaTb HaBbTKH pa60TbI C P;RHllhIM npnpO.II.HhlM MaTepIlaJIOM; QJOp\1UpO-
BaTh YBepeHHOCTh B CBOliX B03MOJKHOCT.HX; BOCITHTbIBaTh ;J.pYJKeCKHe ro8-
HMOOTIlOllieHlrn ,!J:eTeH, OKa3hIBaH IJOMOillh TeM. KTO E HeM I1}'}K,.!J;ReTCH.
MaTepIIa.JT U HHCTpyMeHTbI: oepeCTa (HbIMOtIeHHaSI B COJIeROn BO)J.e).
BblKPOj1Kll, KaTYIliKu 01' HHTOK. npOBOJIOKa: HOlKHIH{hl. KUCTOtIKI1.
XOII pa60TbI. )J,eT>IM npe)lrraraJOT paCCMOTpeTb MO)1errb 6Y)1YIIei! nrpy-
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qaCTb lirpYIllKH. 06""bRCHfieT .D,eTSlM OCHOBHOI:l rrpUHUUIJ .H3rOTOBJ1eHIUI K3-
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pOH ,!J,en8IOT lIa.J,pe3bI (KaK rrOKa3RHO H8 pUCYHKe) H rro I1X Harrp8BJIeHI:IlO
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fie,l1,aror nOMoraeT pe65ITaM BbICTpOI:lTb tIeTK}'1O lI,errOtIK}' n.e([CTBllM_
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.iJ.bIBaJOT IIX nononaM TaK, QT06bI IlUIpliH8 6hIJIa paBHa ,[J.JIliHe (2 - 3 CM).
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rOTOBbIe nO.D,eJIKJi ou:eHI1BaJOTC.H. C HIIMH pe65ITa nrpalOT. BOCIDnaTeJIb
npe)].JIaraeT no,!:{aplITb HeCKonbKO MalllHH MaJlbIIlIaM. n}'CTb OHM rropa-
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BetIKOB; 3aKpeIIJI5ITb HaBbIKlI pa60TbI C pa3HOO6pa3HbIM rrpMpO.II)lbIM MRTe-
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99

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3.ll.aHH5I f1.rpYlllKH. Bbl)J.eJUITb DCHDBlible TpY"GBbIe DnepallHH H ClliIaHHpD-
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AeTH BhUlCH5IIOT. '!To. HaQHHalOT pa6DTY C 3arOTOBIrn MaTepHa:Ia: H3
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;IJ;JlSl rOJIDBbI, PYKaBa H na;:.r:DHH MaTpelllKH BhIpe3alOT nD}J{HHlJ,aMH H3 rrOJID-
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KOHI.taMH. KJIeif; HOJKHI1UbI, KHCTOqKH. HO>K.
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B 03epo. nHIJ,O QeJIOBe1.J.Ka PHCYIOT KpaCKaMH HnH TYIITbJO. Benpo ,IJ;JI.SI
pbI6oJIOBa MO.>KHO cueJIaTb H3 nJIaCTIUIHua. nOnOBHJlKl1 KarnHrna HJIH 1.Ia-
rnelJKH :>KenyWI.
<paKl1p co 3Mee;;' (pl1c. 57)
MaTepH31I H IfHcTPYMeHTbI: }KenYJ],H, H30fH}'Tble BeTKll, BaTa, nJIaCTH-
JIHH, KJIeil, q,aHepKa, KpaCKll; KllCTH. liUfJIO.
XOA pa60TbI. BHa'lBJIe AeJIalOT rOJIOBY q,aKl1pa. ,IJ,m! Hee 6epYT .>KeJIYAb
cpe,nHeii Be.:JHlJHHhI, OCB060.>K,IJ,aIOT OT lJarne1.JKH (IIJIIOCKH), B HH)I(Heif ero
lJ3CTJIllllfJIOM rrpOKa.lIbIBaIOT OTBepCTIle ,!J,JU1 meH. 3aTeM. pacIIpaJulB KYCO-
lIeK BaThI B cepe,n.HIIe H nepeKpYTHB ero, 06BepTbIBaJOT BepXHJOIO QaCTb
>KenyWI. npe,nBapHTenbHO CMa3aB ero KJIeeM, - IIOJIyqJUIaCb qa.lIM3. Ta-
KIfM .>Ke 06pa30M nplfKpenJIJ!IOT 60po;J,y. r.a3a, 1I0C, POT 11 qa.nMY paCKpa.
lllHBaIOT.
TYHOBHWe ,lJ;eJIalOT It3 rrpOJ],OJIrOBaTOro crIKa, K HeMY nnaCTJPIHHOM
rrpHKpeII:ISllOT PYKJ1 It HorH - H30rIl}'TI.le BeTOlJKH, HM npl1.aaJOT BhIpa3H-
TenbHoe IIOJIO:>KeHlfe. B TYJIOBHWe cBepxy rnn "JOM ,!J,eHaIOT OTBepCTHe UJ]SI
108

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PMC. 57
109

weM. fOJIOBY M TYJIOBI1lI.{e COe,IJ,l1H51lOT C nOMOlltblO '\laJIeHbKOlf BeTO'lKM.
330CTpeHIl0If C 060MX KOHll.OB.
c:I>11f)'pKa <!JaKllpa rOTOB3. Tenepb MOJKHO .n.eJI3Tb 3Mero 11 KOBep. ,IJ,JIH
::noro 4>3nepK}' lliIl1 ,IJ,Oll1.e':lKY np.Hl\.1OyrO::1bHOH 4>OPMbI (.:\1OJKHO n K3pTOH)
pa3}'Kp3CMTb KOBpOBbIM opH3MeHTOM. 3Mero C;UeJI3Tb H3 nn3CTI1JIHH3 (no
MO}KHO 11 113 ':Iallle':leK ->Keny;J,SI), YKpenHTh ee na KOBpe 11 n3npOTI1B p33Me-
CTHn <j>aKHpa.
BopOHa H AHCHl1a (pHC. 58)
MaTepH3..TI H HHcTPYMeHTbI: neHOnnaCT HJIM MOX, BeTO':lKa COCHbI I1JIn
KpynHbIil CY':IOK J],epeBa. ->KeJIY,IJ,I1, llTl1':1bH nepb.H, MO':la'lO, KpacKM, K.'1eil,
BeTO':lKI1 pa3Horo pa3Mepa. nOpOJIOH, 6YMara; WHno, KI1CTO'lKH, HO)K (,II,JUI
BocrrMTaTen.Sl)_
XO,D, pa6oTbl. Ha KYCKe neHonnacTa I1JIH l\fX3 YKpenJISlIOT BeTO':lKY ;:I,JISI
BOpOHbL EepYT ne60nbwoII >Ke.:IY,IJ,b 11 InlliIOM p.,enalOT B HR)KHelf 3a.D.Heil
ero ':IaCTlI J],Ba OTBepCTJUI .ILJlSl Hor, O;rrHO oTBepc'rHe ;:I,JI.H illeH, 3 na npOTlI-
BOnOnO)KHOM KOllll.e OTBepCTlie ,D,!UI XBOCTa. 00 60Ka1 HO>KOM ,J,eJIaJOT ne-
60JIbillHe Ha.rrpe3hI ,D)lSl KphIJIbeB. .3aTeM B OTBepCTI1S1 C3a..J.ll BCT3BJISllOT
IITM':Ibl1 nepML npe;::J.BapllTe::1bHO CMa33B KOIIUhI HX KJIeeM OBA. IIepbSl
LI)ISI BOpORbI HY}((Hbl HeKpyrrIlble: ux Ha.J,o BbIMbITb, BblCYllIIITb n 06pe3aTb
HOJKIUIIJ,a.'1JI J{O HYJKHOrO p33Mepa.
,IJ,nSl rOJIOBhI H3,IJ;0 B3.HTb MeJIKJIlf )J(eJIY,D,b, nOKp3cnTb ero 'lepHoiI Kpac-
KOH, OCTaBnB CBeTnbIe OBaJIhI - 3TO fJIa3a. BHn3Y fOJIOHbJ npOKOJIOTb OT-
BepcrnSl n C nOMOlI.{blO 3aOCTpellHOH C 060l1x KOHIJ;OB nanO':lKJI YKpeTIHTh
ronOBY BOpORbI ua TYJIOBlillJ,e. KnlOBOM 6y;rreT CJIYJKI1Th 3aOCTpeHHaSl 11 no-
KpallIeHHa51 B ':IepHhIll Il,BeT BeTO':lKa. 33TeM B3S1Tb ;IIBe BeTO':lKJI, 330CTpUTb
UX C o60l1x KOHIJ;OB. H3 OJ],I1H 113 HMX ua.II.eTb rrJIIOCKlI :>KeJIY,D,elf, a ,IJ,PyrOH
BOTKUYTh B OTBepCTI1e TynoBI1lI.{a. KYCO':leK llOpOJIOH3 n:nl JKeJITOH 6YMarH
MO->KeT C:IYJKHTh CblpOM. BopOHa rOTOM. Tenepb ee n3)J;0 YKpennTb Ha Be-
TO':lKe C nOMOlI.{bIO n:I3CTIIJIJUm.
KOf.n.3 Bopon3 C.II.eJIana. MO}((HO npl1cTynl1Tb K n3fOTOBJIeHIUO JII1Cbl.
,IJ,nSl TynOBJUll,a 6epYT KPYIIHhlH }((eJIY.II.b C IIJIIOCKOH, IllUJIOM B HeM ;rreJIaJOT
':IeThlpe OTEepCTnSl ,J,JISI JI3rr 11 O.II.HO B rr:IlOCKe }Ke.rI}'.llSl - ;'J;JISI XBOCTa. fo-
nOBa - MaJIeHbKUiJ JKe']}';rrb 6e3 llI]]JlIIKJL Ee MO->KHO C;rre:I3Th TftJOKe u U3
Kop060':lKM KYBlllMIIKH. Y,U::II1HeHHOH, K3K Y JUICbI HOC. AnSI COe.D.I1HeHIISl
fonOBbl C TYJIOBI1Ill.eM I1CnOJIb3YlOT 330cTpellnyro BeTRY. r onOBa He .D.on-
JKHa nnOTHO coe,J,I1H51TbCSI C TynoBMIll,eM: BbIcTynalOlI.{aSl 'qaCTb BeTO':lKl1,
COe.Il.JIHSllOilieH rOJIOBY 11 TynoBUlI.{e. 6Y.II.eT llleen JIUCbL XBOCT II,e-:IaIOT 1f3
MO':la.TIa, HaKpY':IeHHOfO H8 npOBO.:JOK}'. KOIlelJ. npOBOJIOKH cOeII,JUU(IOT
C qallIe'qKOH. JIanKlI nlIce '\1OJKHO CII,enaTb 113 BeTO':leK, Y.ILJllllIeHHYlO MOP-
,IJ,O':lKY 11 YWl1 BbI:lenllTb 11.3 IIJI3CTnnUHa.
fOTOBYro 4>MfypKY JUICbl YCTaHaB.TIJ1BalOT na nO,J,CT3BKe (KaK 3TO rrOKa-
3aHO HB pMCYHKe)_
110

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PMC_ 58
111

ABO  Ka (P.,c. 59)
MaTepnaJl " IIHCTpYMeHThI: llJl111IKl1 eJIOBbIe, 4>HcTallIKI1. QallIe'-lKI1
JKenv;J.5I, nenonnaCT, nnaCTHJIl1H, BeTO'-lKl1. ropox. 6Y'1ara. KpaCKl1, HO>K-
HJULbl. 1lIH.10. KHCTO'-lKa.
XO.D: pa6OTbl. Bna':laJIe BOCllHTaTe.:Ib paccKa3bIBaeT JI,eTSIM CKa3K}'.
«)KlUTH Ha CeBepe ITHHfBI1HbI: nana, MaMa H HX CbIH - Ma.r:reHbKI1Jr
rrl1HfBl1HenOK. On Y':llIJIC5I B llIKone, nOJIYLJ:a.Jl Bcer:\a xopOIliHe OTMeTKI1.
Ho O,lJ;HaJK..UbJ 3anrpanCB H YPOKJI He BhI}'':IHJI, nOJI}''lHJJ JJ:BOJ1K}'. MaMa
CTaJla pyraTb '\1aJIhIllia. ITa.ITa OT OrOpqelHUI nOCTYKJ1Ba.r:r KJIJOBOM. nUnfBI1-
lIeHR}' CThI,J,IIO. On IlaeT CJIOBO. q'fO HcnpaBl1T oTMeTKY 11 6Y.J.e1 npn-
JIe)KllblM Y'-IeHHKOM}).
]81 eM nellaror BenCT C neTbMI1 6ecelI,y 0 nl1nfBHHax. 113 KOTOpOl1
pe6slTa }'31Ia1OT 0 xapa.KTepHbIX oco6eHHOCTSlX 3T11X >K1180TllhIX - f,!Ie OIlI1
:>KI1B}'T. qeM nlnaJOTCSI. KaK paeHIT eBOI1X ,!IeTeHbIIlleH. nocne ::noro Boe-
nIITaTeJIb coo6.w:aeT qTO CerO,!IIUI OHM 6Y'uYT BbIDOJIHSlTb 38;J;aUHe - Jl.e-
JIaTb cueHKY, B ocnOBY cO,D,ep2KaHIiSl KOTOpOH nOJIO}KeH CIO}KeT paCCKa-
3aHHOll 3.n;eCb eKa3KJ-L B XaqeCTBe 06p33IJ,a nOKa3bIBaeT plicynoK HB STY
TeMY, paCCKa3bIBaeT 0 nOCJIe,!IOBaTeJIbHOCTIi C03)I,aHI1S1 ClI,eHKH.
,IJ,JUI 1I3rOTOBJIeHIUL ITMHTBHRa 6epYT KPynnyJO eJIOBYIO llIJUlIK}' M no-
BepTbIBalOT ee 'fernyHKaMI1 BHM3. 1I3 TIJIaCTllJII1Ha ,D,eJIaJOT rOJIOBY, rJIa3a -
rOpOlIll1HbL KJIIDB - ;IlBa TpeyronbHI1Ka 113 KpaCHoil 6YMan!. KPblJIbSl ITI1H-
rBl1ny MO>KRO CJ],eJIaTb H3 KO:>KyphI cPl1CTallieK (M.:tll KpblJIaTOK SlcenSl,
KJIeHa). }'KpenHB IlX MeJKJ:tY qellJyilKaM IlIMlllKl1 e nOMOIlJ,blO nrraCTH-
flMHa.
JIallKH M01KHO c"UeJIaTb 113 qallIeqeX >KeJIY,D,SI, "U!1S1 qerO MX Ha61lBalOT
nJIaCTllJIIfHOM M }'KpenJISlJOT BRM3Y IllIHIIKH C ITOMOiliblO 3aOC"I]JeHHOll
C "UB}'X KOIIlJ,OB Ma.:teUbKOIf BeTOqKll. B 1lI1UlIKe If B qaIlleqK.aX llI1-1nOM na-
paJIJIe.TIbIlO npOJl.eJIbIBalOT OTBepCTMSI.
,IJ,JISI 60JIbllIerO CXO]}CTBa C 1II1HrBI1HaMI1 1lI11I1IKY-TyrrOBllilie If KO)l{YPY
4>IlCTallIeK (HJIU KpbIJIaTOK) - KpbIJIbSl MOJKHO nOKpaCI1Tb qepHOIf 1-1
6enOM ryaliIblO.
nO"UOOHbIM 06pa30M IBrOTaBnuBalOT BceX nJUlfBHROB 113 3TOH CeMbl1.
COOTBeTCTBeHHO K8JK.'10MY nepC0118JKY no.u6uparoT pa3Mep H OPMY
IIllIIllhH.
J],elfCTBYIOWJlM JIl1UaM npllIIalOT onpeneneHRYro n03Y.
J1b.III1HY Bblpe3alOT 113 KycOqKa neuonnaCT8. KpaJI Y JIh,J,I1HbJ HepOBHble.
HrpYIllKa rOTOBa l1rpa.R C HeID, lleTH npO.J.OJI}KaIOT pa3BUBaTb CI02KeT
}'CJIblIllaHHOII 1l'\111 CKa3KH, pacnpe,JJ,eJI.HIOT ponl1. BocnUTaTeJIb Re3aMeTHO
IJ)ISI pe6S1T PYKOBO,JJ,IIT HTpOll, nOMoraSl 1-1M pa3B1maTb .J.eiICTBllS1, Bocnu-
TbIBaSl llPY}KeCTBeHHble OTHOIlleHuSl Me:>KIJ;Y CBepCTHUKaMl1, BbI3bIBaSI no-
JIO)J{lHeJIbHble 3MOlLHI1
112

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PHC. 59
BeCel\bl" nepenl\flC (p"c, 60)
MaTepH3.J1 H HHcTPYMeHTbI: :>Kenyn;Jl, CY'IKH, 6epe30Ba.51 Kopa. .II.O-
Il.{e'iKa, HaTa, KYCKJ1 UBeTHOH MaTeplu1. HO.>KHliQ.bI. KI1CTOQKI1. HO>K (.IJ)lH
BOCI1I1TIlTenB).
XOI1 pa6oThI. TaHIjOBIIIlfn ,!\enalO'T TaK: 6epYT 6onhIlloi'l )KenYAb, nepe-
pe3alOT ero rrorronaI\1. 06pa30BaBIlInecSI nonOBHHKl1 HaKJIa;:IhIBaIOT OJUIa
H8 ,l1,pyryro H 3aKpennJllOT. 3aTeM rrpHKpellJIHIOT PJK.H n HOTn - BeTO'lKJI.
<l>apTYK. BbIpe3aHHhIH 113 6epeCTbI K'UI MaTe pHil. rOJIOBY ;J;ellaJQT H3 Ma-
neHbKoro JKeny.D.SI lee MO.>KHO COOPYJJ:HTb 11 1I3 llJIO.D.a KallITaHU nJII1 nec-
Horo opexa). 113 BaTbI - BonDCbI.
C rrOMOIlJ,blO BeTOqKIi KOTOpylO rrpenBapl1TeJlbHO H)'JKHO 3aOCTpnTb
c OOOJ1X KonnOB, coe;J;IUUlIOT ronDBY C TynOBJIrneM. nUllO Ha,no Hapnco-
BaTb. TaK JKe .neJJaJOT If BTOPYJO KYKJI}'_
Kor.n:a KYKJIbI 6Y,IJ;YT rOTOBbI, HX YCTaHaBJII1Ba.lOT na .II.OIIleqKe. rrpR,J,alOT
lfM COOTBeTCTBS'IDill.YIO n03Y.
113

EOJIblllefi: YCTOlfqJJBOCTIi KYKOJI MOJKHO ;O:06IITbCSI. ecnu qaweqKJ1 -
nnlOCKIi 2Ken}';o:elf IICnO.TIb30BaTb KaK Ty<penbKIf, npenB8plITeJIbHO Ha6lfB
UX nn8CTHJIIiHOM. II::ISI BOJIOe KYKJI},J MOJKHO IICrrOJIb30BaTh KYKYPY3Hbie
BOJIOKU8.
OCII.,. C Telle>KKO (p"c. 61)
MaTepHaJI II HHCTpYMeHThr: }f{eJ1}',J,u. rpeIl.Kull opex, rr,TIlOeKH >Ke-
n}'.uei1. CY1.lKl1. KpbI.'1aTKH KJIeH8. rr:IaeTJUIl1H. IlIIDIO. HO}K (unSl BOCrrHTa-
TeJISI). Kl1eTOqKM.
Xo.u. pa6oT},J. BnaqaJIe Bbl611palOT 2KeJIY,JJ,H: 60JIblllOM JI,JISI TynOBl1Ill.8. a
M8JIeUhKlll1 )J:nSl rOJIOBbl. B 2Keny,n:e-TynoBUIll.e lllliJIOM ,u:en8JOT Boee"fb OT-
BepCTlU1:, B KOTopble BCT8BllSllOT M30fHYThIe BeTKH-HOfH, 3aoeTpeHHble
C O)J,lloro KOlIIl8. fOJIOBY 11 TYJIOBUllI,e CKpennSlJOT M8neHbKOll BeTolIKolf.
38ocTpeullolf C J],BYX KOHlJ,OB. AJISI YIllell npope3aJOT HOJKOM unJJ .ueJIaIOT
llIK'IOM OTBepCTH5I n060J1bIue. KY;O:8 BCTaBJISllOT KpbIJI8TKJ1 KJIeHa linu
SlceHSI (3TY pa60T)' BbInOJIHSleT BocrUn8TeJIb).
TeJIe}J(KY cOOpYJKaIOT TaK: K nO.'IOBJUIKe rpeIJ;KOrO opeX8 npl1-
KpennSlloT KOJIeCa - IIJ1IOCKll >KeJIY,D,51. .aBe ,!],nl1HHble BeTKll 3aOCTpSllOT
C 060ux KOlIlJ,OB 11 C nOMOlI..J,bJO n:mCTunlfHa CKperrJISlJOT HMH ocnlfKa If Te-
JIeJKKY .
)IJISlU3fOTOB,TIeHUSI <PlIrYPKU qeJIOBeqKa 6epYT ,)J;Ba .2KeJIY;D,51 - ;O:llSl TYJIO-
BUllI,a 11 rOJIOBbI ()J,JISI ronOBbl UCnOJIb3YJOT >KeJIY.D.b MeHbllIero pa3Mepa).
PyKJJ II Honi - BeTKu, IlIJISln8 - qallIe'lKa JKeJIY;J;5I
Coe,JJ,unelIIle qaCTelf 1.leJIOBeqKa npOl13BO,J,SlT TaKUM }Ke erroc060:\i. KaK
H rrpn H3fOTOBJIeHJUl OCJIJJKa.
JIUIl.O 11eJIOBeqKY U MOpnOQKY OCJIHK}' PUC}'IOT Kp8CKO:M.
Kapycellb (p"c. 62)
MaTepHaJI H HHCTPYMeHTbI: ;::{peBecnaSl Kopa. 6epecTa. rU6KU:M npYT.
JKeJI}',;:rH. BeTO'-IKa. npOBonOKa. KJIeii. lIl1TKI1. KpaCKH. llllUIO. HOJKIIHllbl. KU-
CTOQKII.
Xo.n: pa60ThI. )J;JISI U3fOTOBJIeHIISI KapyceJIl1 BHaQane He06xo,n:I1MO c,n:e-
JIan, Kop060QKI1 - KaQe,TIU 1I3 6epeCTbi. )J;JISI STOro QepTSlT pa3BepTKY TaK
2Ke, KaK 11 .o.:ISI KapTOHHbIX Kop060K. oTn16alOT 60pTa; H8 MeCTe eru60B He
38fJI8}KUB81OT ClmbHO. QTo6bI 6epecTa He CJIOManaCb. Ha Kop06Ke ;I!enaJOT
rrpope3u ;O:JISI KperrJIeHUSI, B HHX BCTaBnSlJOT 6epeCTSlH}'1O neHTY. IIJIOTHO
CTSlruB8lOIIlYlO 60pTa. BbICOTa 60pTa 3aBUCUT OT H83HaQeHIlSl Kop06KU.
3aTeM npuC"rynalOT K 113rOTOBneHUlO OCTaJlbHhIX neTaJIe:M KapVCeJIu.
,IVISI ::nOfO BH81.laJIe 3arOT8BJ1I1B8IOT '\i8Tepuan: coe.n:IIHSlJOT B OKp}'JKHOCTb
npYTlIK U3 IIBbI (OH ru6KIIII), 1I3 6epeCTbI B},Jpe3aJOT Kpyr, paBHbI:M .IJ.l18Me-
TPY OKPY}J(UOCTH H3 IIBOBoro npYTlIKa; B Cepe]}UHe Kpyra 1I3 6epeCTbI ,n:e-
JIalOT OTBepCTue.
K OKP}'JKHOCTU npIIBSl3bIBalOT Kop060QKJl-KaQeJIU. 3aTef\.f Kpyr 113 6e-
peCTbl COe;I!UHSlJOT C OKPYJKHOCTbJO C rrOMOlUbJO HHTOK IiJIU TOIIKO'l npOBO-
JIOKI1.
114

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116

B cepe,nHHe KycKa ,n:OBOllbHO TOnCTOH ,D.peBecHoil KOphI-rrO.u.CTaBKH
(MO:>KHO cocHoBoH) BOCllMTaTenb )J,enaeT OTBepCTlle. 3aTeM npSlMYIO BeTKY
3aOCTpSleT C 060HX KOHlLOB 11 BCTaBJISleT O,!],IIIIM KOHlLOM B OTBepCTlle IIO;O:-
CTaBKl1, a ;o:pynlM - B OTBepCTlle Kap}'CeJIIl (C.II.enaHHOe 3apaHee). TIo-
cKonbKY KOHell BeTKJ1 3aOCTpeH, KpbIllia Kapycenl1 He CMOJKeT Orr}'CTHTbCSI
HH3KO.
B Kopo6o'-lKl1-Kalfenll MOJKHO nocaJUITb qenOBe'-lKOB. KOTOpbIX XOpOIllO
c,ne.rraTb 113 :>Keny;rrell 6o.T1ee KpynHoro pa3Mepa. TynoBllrne y lfenOBelJK.a -
60J1blllOR rrpO.II.OJ1rOBaTbIll :>KenYAb. rrpO'-lHO CoeIJ;l1HeHHbIH C ronOBOR .II.PY-
rHM :>Keny.u.eM, MeHblIJerO pa3Mepa 11 60nee OKp}Tnoil 4>OPMbI. Ha TO-
nOBe - lJarne'iKa-IIIJISlna. PYKI1, HOrl1, rne.H lJenOBelJKa - cYXl1e BeTO'lKH,
BCTaBneHHbIe B OTBepCTI1S1 60JIblllOrO JKeJIY.D.SI, B 1}J1OBI1ll1.e. OTBepCTHSI
9TH c,u:eJIBHbI lIIlfJIOM. QTo6bI ,n:OCTJPlb npOlfHOCTIl coe,nHHeJUHl PYK. Hor H
,JJ;pyrHx lfaCTeH, I1X npl1KJIellBalOT KJIeeM. Jhuw l:lenOBe'-lKY PlfCYIOT KPB-
CKaMM.
KOCMOHaBTbl y paKeTbl (pVlC. 63)
MaTepHaJI H HHCTpYMeHTbl: nnO.II,bllIJl1nOBHHKa JUUi neCHOll opex, }f{e-
nY,IJ,H, BeTKI1, KOpnyC CIII1'-le':lHOrO Kopo6Ka. raJIbKB ruUI paKYIlIelJIIliK. fiJIa-
CTl1nllH, KJIell, TOHKllll KapTOH. IllI1.T10, HOlK (.QJISI BocnMTaTenSl), KHCTOlfKll.

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P...c.63
117

XOD; pa60TbI. BOCnnTaTeJIb rrpe,ll.-.araeT ;o:eTSlM nOCMOTpeTb, KaK ,J;e-
JIalOT paKeI)'. 113 TOHKOrO K3pTOn3 BbIpe3aIOT ;rrBa npSlMO}TOJIbmlKa p33.
MepOM 12 x 10 eM. O;rrI1H n3 HI1X eBOp3lJ.fIBaIOT Tpy60qK0i1. J],p}'rOM - KY-
JIeqKOM n eKllel1BalOT. 33TeM KpaSl KYJIe'-lKa (HOC p3KeTbl) BbIp3BHIfBaIOT 11
no Kp3JO ,JJ,eJI3IOT H3,npe3bI, CMa3bIB3JOT KJIeeM H coe.unHSlJ01 C Tp}'60QKOn..
::JTO oeHOB3 6YL{}'IlJ,ef1 p3KeThI. Ee MOJKHO p3CKpaCI1Tb KpaCKaMIi rmn 06-
KJIenTb 6epecTolf. B HI1JKlIei1 ee Q3CTll ,J,eJI3IOT TPH Ha.n;pe33 (c nOMOIIIbIO
BoeIUnaTeJISI). CMa3bIBaIOT HX K"IeeM H B HJ1X BCTaBJISlIOT Tplf no.uCT3BKJI.
C,J,eJIaHHbIe H3 pa306paulloro KopnYC3 CIUIQe'-lHOrO Kop06K3.
.IlJISI no;o:eJJKI1 Koe'\1011aBTOB 6epYT >KeJIY.uu cpeJJHelf BeJJHQI1HbI.
OB3.TlbHOll c:fJOPMbL H3Me1.JaIOT MeCTa rrpnKpeIIJIelHlS1 rOJIOBb!. P}'K. 1I0r:
':IT06bl rrpOCBepJIHTb llUlJIOM B }f{e:I},,D,e 1ill11 JIeCHOM opexe OTBepCTI1S1 AJISI
rJ1a3. 1I0ea, pTa. Hor, PYK. 113,!J.0 rrpe}l{)J,e lIa ).1aTepI13:Ie H3MeTlITb rrpoeTbIM
KapaH.lIalliOM ,II,JISI Hnx MeCTa; eCJIl1 ::tToro He CJ],e.TIaTb, JIHIJ;O MO>KeT rrOJIY-
QlITbCSI Kpl1Boe. a PYKH If HOrl1 - lIa pa3HOM ypOBHe. rOJIOBY ;rreJIalOT 113
leenoro opc.xa IlJIH rrJIo;o:a IllHnOBHI1Ka. P}'KI1 11 HOrl1 - H30rHYTbIe Be-
TOlJ.KH. BCTaBJIeHHbIe B 3ap3nee npocsepJIellHbIe OTBepCTHSI 1I3 T}'JIOBUI.IJ.e.
P3KeTa H KOCMOHaBTbl YCTaHaBJII1BalOTCSI Ha nO,D,CTaBKY (n3 KaMelllKOB
11 paKYllIe1.JHnKa ;o:eJIalOT JIYHHbll1 rp}'I1T).
llocJIe ::tToro BocnHT3TeJIb npe;rr:I3raeT .r:J:eTSlM npHJIYMaTb, l:leM MO:>KHO
JJOITOJIHHTb KOMn03Hllino 11 KaK ee YKP3CHTb (JKeJI3TeJIl>HO rrpl1 OKpaCKe
paKeThI HCnOJIb30BaTb KpaCKY cepe6p.SlIIKY).
Pa60Ta c paKYWKaM"
Pa60T3 C paK}'IllK3'\Ul B rrO,II,rOTOB.I1Te::IbHOH K lllKOJIe rpyrme CTaB.I1T
lLeJIblO npO,II,OJI}KHTb 3H3KOMCTBO ,JJ,eTeil C pa3110BIUI,HOCTSlMI1 ::Horo npl1-
pO.llHOrO M3Tepn3JIa. COBepllleHeTBOBaTb JH3HI1S1 0 CBOlfCTB3X 11 oe06eH-
HOCTSIX q,OpMbl, OKpaCKI1 p3KYliIeK. paCllIHpHTb 3JIeMellT3pHbIe npe)J,CT3B-
JIeIlnSl 11 ITOHHTHSI 0 Kp3COTe rrpUpO.II.HOrO M3Tepl1a.Tla, nOJI}'QeUHble ,D,eThMn
paHee (B CTapllleu rpynne). c:fJopMl1pOBaTb 3CTeTI1l:IeCKlfll BKye. llo-npeJK-
HeMY oc06eullo Ba}KHOII 33,D,3Qen. SlBJISleTCSl 06YQeHUe .ueTeR Y'\leHIHO rro-
C.:Ie 3H3.Tllf3a 06pa3u.a (n '-IaCTlI'-lHOro nOKa3a npl1eMOB pa60"Ibl) YCT3H3BJIU-
BaTb lJ.eTKYIO nOCJIeJJOB3TeJIl>HOCTb neHcTBlu":'L CxeMbl nOene.:IOB3TenbllOCTJI
Jl3rOTOBJIeHH5I nrpyrneK H cueHOK U3 p3KYllieK BocnnTaTeJIb MO)J{eT nc-
rrOJIb30B3Tb no CBoe'\1}' YC\.1OTpelnno. pVKOBO)J:CTB}'SlCb MeTO,llHKoii pa-
60TbI C H11Mn. rrpe,IIJIoJKenHolf paHee.
ll06Y:>K,J;aSl pe6.HT K BbICK33bIBaHnlO np11 3H3nU3e, BOCrrllT3TeJIb Ha-
ue.l11BaeT nx lIa OnepeJK3JOlllee ITJ13lmpOB3HHe OCHOBHbIX 3TanOB e03-
,;'IaHHSI l1rpYlllKJL B npollecce p360TbI ,D,eTefl C paKYliIK31I1 y Hnx p33B11-
B310TeSl npaKTH1.JeeKHe HaBblKlI nOIl,60p3 MaTep113113 (no c:fJopMe, no BeJI11-
'-IUHe 11 T. ;1;-) 11 coe;1;UHeHlfSl ':I3CTeR no.ue:JKIL OHl1 oeB3nB3JOT npaB.I1JlbHbIe
np11eMbI rrOJlb30BaHl1S1 KlleeM rrp11 COe,D,l1HeHUn .ueT3.TleII 11rpYlliKR. nRCTPY-
MeHTa'\IU.
B rrOnrOTOBlITe.:1bIlOiT K llIKo.....e rpyrrrre TeMaTIIKa 3311SlTUfI no 113rOTOB-
118

neHHIO JIrp}'llleK JI3 paKYllleK P33H006p33Ha: JI3rOTOBJIeHI1e OT]}eJIbHbIX
nO,IJ,eJIOK, ClWHOK, 3all5lTJUI no 3a!\.1.bIcny. 3To ;o:aeT B03MO:>KUOCTb um:pOKO
JIcn0J1b30B3Tb .o;aHHblH BIU!. pa60TbI C uenblO q,OPMI1POB3IlliSl KOJI.:JeKTI1-
BJICTCKHX B3aJIMOOTHOllleHI111 Y ,n:eTeil B Tpy;o:e, YMellUH Bli,.!J,eTb 3aTpY.D:HeIiIUI
TOBapJIme11 JI npe)1,JIaraTh 11M CBOIO nOMOll.{h. ynpa)l{HSlTh JIX B npOSlBJTeHIUI
,JJ:06PbIX '-IYBeTE.
Pa60T}' na,IJ, I1rpYlliKaMJI 113 paK}'llleK B nO.o.rOTOBJITeJIbllOM K llIKOJIe
rpynrre OpraHH3YIOT TaK JKe, KaK 11 B CTaplllelf. OIl,HaKO HeKOTopbIe rrpJIe1\lbl
1-18 nepBbIX nopax YCJIOJKH5lIOTeSl. T3K, rrOelle coo6meuJui Te1\lbI lIe Bcer;O:3
HYJKHO HcnOJIb30BaTb oopa3ell I1rp}'llIKJI. B JJ:3..,'1bHeMWeM nOK33 rOTOBOH.
arpylIIKJf MOJKHO 33MeHHTb P.l1CYHKOM I1JJJ1 cpOTorpa4>lwH, :3TO CnO-
C06CTByeT COBeplllenCTBOBaHI1IO nOHcKoBoft ,D,eSlTeJIbHOCTJI ,n:eTeil, YMenlUI
aH3JIJI311pOB3Tb, epaBHJIE3Tb.
ECJIJI B cTapllleft rpynne aHalun npe,!],J101KeHIIOrO 06pa3113 COrrpOBO}f{
,naJICSI rrOKa30M npHel\fOB C03,D,31lliSl HrpYIIIKJI, TO B rrO,D,rOTOBITTenblIOH
K llIKOJIe rpynrre MO.>KHO OTKa3aThCSI OT nOJIHoro nOKa3a npJIeMOB pa60TbI
II OrpaHI1'-lI1TbCSI JIHllIb 06bSlCHeHI1eM I1JIM '-l8CTWiHbIM nOKa30M HOBbIX
npHeMOBI13rOTOBJIeHI1S1 I1rpYllIKJL
06'b.5lCHeHHe JI nOK33 oopa3na H::111 pJICYHKa MO.D:e.!lJ1 nO,[I,e.1KIL '-l3-
CTI1lJ.Hblll nOKa3 ,JJ,OJIJKHbI 33BeplIJHTbCSI COCTaBJIenJIeM ,!IeTbMJI ':IeTKOrO
llJIaHa p360TbI. no,o,60pOM He06xo,IJ,I1MOrO MaTepl18JIa, JIHCTp}'MemOB.
3aBepIIIaIOI."QJIM 3TanOM pa60TbI OCTaeTCSI ana.T1I13 11 OlIeHKa no.o;eJIOK
C yqeroM B03pOCIllHX BD3MO)f{HOCTen ,JJ:eTeft; .v;eTn npJJB.TleKalOTCH K C8MO-
aHalll13Y 11 caMoon:eHKe. IIocJIe OKOIl':laHI1S1 pa60Tbi OHI1 y611palOT CBOIl pa-
6u'lne MeCTa 11 MaTepHa.TL
3HaKOMCTBO .D:OIIIKOnbHJIKOB C p8KYIDKaMJI H pa60T}' na.o; H3rOT0BJ1e-
Hl1eM I1rpyrneK B nOWOTOBHTeJIbHOH K IDKOJIe rpynrre n}')}(RO nOCTpOI1Tb Ta-
KHM 06pa30M, lIT06bI H3IIOMHHTb ,n:eTSlM TeM8THKY 33HHTHH B CTapllleil
rPYIII1e, nOBTOpJ1Tb Ha3B3lillSl 3HaKOMbiX I1rpYllleK, 0606wHTb rrpe;O:CT8B-
neHnH pe6SlT 0 JJ:aHHOM npl1pO)J;HOM MaTepl1a.ne. C STOll lleJIblO M02KHO
rrpOBeCTI1 6ece;O:bI: «n}'TeIIJeCTBl1e B crpany C3Mo;rrerrKHH8»), «BCTpe'-la
B KOMHaTe qy,n:ecn 11 T. n. nocne 3TOro MO>KHO rrepeXOJJ:HTb K JI3rOTOBJIe-
HInD I1rpymeK.
naBI\.,H (P.,c. 64)
.QeJIb. ll03HaKOMJITb ,D,eTeH C HOBhIM BI1,JJ,OM paKymeK - KYCTapHH-
KOBOH. ynlfTKOlf; BocnHTbIBaTb D;06po:>Ke:IaTeJIbHbJe OTHomeHHSI B rrpo-
u;ecce pa60TbI HaJJ: I1rpYlllKoiL
MaTepHaJI H HHCTPYMeHTbI: OJIH8 paKYIIIKa KYCTapHJIKOBOH YJIHTKH.
':IeTbJpe paKYIIIKI1 KapJJ:HyM8 (.IJ,Ee cpenHero pa3Mep8 JI ,::lBe M3.-1eHbKJIe).
TpH paKYlllKJI rpe6eWKa, 0.D.H3 paKYlllK8 6UTTYM8, KYCOK KOPbI. ceMeHa
30pJIHKH. JIaK. KJIeH, KHCTOqKa_
Xon pa60TbI. ,IJ,eTl:J no.D: PYKOBO;O:CTBOM BOCnl1TaTeJISI paCCM3Tpl1BalOT
paKYlllKll - M8TepJIaJIbl, 113 KOTOpblX OHI1 6y,n:YT C03;J;8BaTb I1rp}'llJKY. ne-
;rraror 06palI.{aeT BHI1M811Ue pe6S1T Ha TO, '1JTO cpe;O:l1 113BeCTHbIX JIM paK}'-
119

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PMC. 64
UIeK eCTb II '-1aJI03HaKOMaSl - paKYlllKa KYCTapHHKOBOll ynJITKH, paCCKa-
3bIBaeT 06 .3TO'\1 J{UIBOTHOM, rrpe)1.:'IaraeT IIO.IIYMaTl.1. KaKoe :>KJIBOTHOe lUJUI
qaCTb ero Te.:'Ia) OHa HarrO:\luuaeT (TynoBluue IIaEJIJrna) coo6ruaeT. '[-ITO ce-
rOJIIl.H OHII 6Y..IJ:YT MaCTepHTb naBJ1JIHa. II YCTanaBnJIBaeT nocnenOBaTem:)-
ROCTI> ero JI3fOTOBneUJISI.
II.,:UI TynoBIIUla IITI-UJ,bI HCIIOJIb3JilOT paKOBHH}' 6oJrbUIOH K}'CTapHn-
KOROM YJIJITKIf rrpO.D:OnrOBaToH q,OPMbI, KOTOp}'ro rrpHKJleHBalOT OTKphITofl
llUIPOKOH cTopouoiI K rro,n:CTaBKe - .n:eKOpaTl-IBHO 06pe3alllIOll Rope. 3a-
TeM 1I3 .D:B}'X paK}'llleK Kapll.H}'Ma CpeIl.HerO pa3Mepa MaCTepSlT rO"IOBY
IITHIJJ;,I (KpaSl IIx C'\1a3bIBaIOT KJleeM II IIJ]OTHO COe.IJ:lIHSlIOT). K ronOBe IIPJI-
KJ1eI-IBalOT KJJIOB - l\:faJIeHbKVIO paK}'lIIK}' 6UTT}'Ma. 8 rna3a - ceMeHa
30pSlHKU. XBOCT rr8BnJIUa .n:e.TIaIDT I13 Tpex p8K}'llleK qepHO1OpCKoro rpe-
6elllK8. CaMYlO M8JIem:.KYlO P8KYllIK}' rrpUKJIeJIBalOT K T}'nOBJIII.J,Y rrTIIu.bl Ii
120

nO,IJ;CTaBKe. Cpe,n:HlOIO - K MaJIeHbKOll paK}'IIIKe H rrO,n:CTaBKe H no-
CJIe)jHIOIO paK}'lIIKY - CaMYIO 60JIblll}'IO - K Cpe)jHei1 paKyuIKe n nOil.
CTaBKe. D,RSI narrOK HCrrOnb3}'IOT ,n:Be MaJIeHbKHe paK}'IllKIi Kap,!J,JI}'Ma.
rOTOB}'1O HrpYIlIK}' BMeCTe C no,n:CTaBKOlf OCTOpO)l(HO rrOKpbIBalOT na-
KOM.
nonyraH Ha BeTKe (p"c 65)
IJ.eJ1ba Y1..JI1Tb ,!IeTeH .!IenaTb nrp}'IllKJI JI3 pa3HbIX paK}'llleK: COEeprneH-
CTBOBaTb YMeHHSI pe6.S1T pa6araTb C paKYIlIKaMH; BOcrr11TblHaTb HaCTOIP-[H-
BOCTb B ,n:OCTIl)1(eUIUI u,enH.
MaTepHaJI H IDICTpYMeHTbl: ABycTBOp1..JaT8.S1 paKYIliKa Mn.o;nJI, .II.Be Ma-
neHbKHe '\1IUVIH, reJIUIJ;eJ1!lbl, paK}'llIK8 6HTTYMa, rrepMI IITHU" cyxaSl Be-
ToqKa HBM C n01..JKaMM, KYC01..JeK naBpOBoro III-ICTa, KJIeH. naK, KpaCKU,
qaCTb .!IepeBSlIIHoro 6PycKa, KlICT01..JKH_
IIoJJ;roToBKa K pa6OTe. BocrrUTaTenb ,n:O 3allilTHSI ,n:enaeT B rro.o;CTaBKe
OTBepC1.He. CMa3bIBaeT erO KneeM I-I BCTaBJISleT B Hero BeTU'-IK}'. l{To6bI Be-
T01..JK8 6LIJIa rrOxO:>Ka Ha MaJIeHbKOe n.epeBu,o, K Hell rrpI-IKpeIIJ1S1lOT 1]H-
CT01..JKU, BbIpe3aHHbIe H3 u,BeTHOlf 6}'MarJI. Kor.!Ia BeT01..JKa 6y,n:eT }'Kpen-
neHa, npl1CT}'rralOT K 1-I3rOTOBJIenlilO rronyra.Sl.
XO)j pa60TbI. ,!],JI>I nO,J,enKn TYJIOalIII1a ncnOJIb3YIOT paKYlllKY )jay-
CTBOp1..JaTOH MH)lHH cpe.D:Hero pa3Mepa, KOTOp}'IO YKperrJ1.S1IOT Ha BeT01..JKe.
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121

rOnOB}' IITI-IIJ;bl .o;enalOT 1-13 paK}'llIKJI renJIlJ,en:Jbl J1 npJIKJIelmalOT K Tyno-
BIIII.J,},. KpbTnbSl MaCTepSlT JI3 llB}'X Ma.rrell.bKHX paK}'llleK MI1J1JII-I. TInSl K'IlOBa
I-ICnO:Ib3YlOT paKYlllKY 6HTT}'1VIa. XOXonOK 1-1 XBOCT lIenalOT H3 nepbeB.
OKp3llleHHbIX B SlpKHe. COHIbIe TOlla. J1x npJIKnellBalOT TITlllIe. 3aTeM
I-IrpYWKY BMeCTe C IIo.n:CTaBKofl rrOKpblBaIOT "]aKOM.
A"Te" (pl<c. 66)
I.J.eJIb. CrroC06CTBOBaTb .n:aJIbHeHllleMY pa3BHTlilO HaBbIKOB IIJlaHl-lpO-
BaHIISI pa6oTbI; cOBepllleHcTBoBaTb }'MelI1-ISI .nenaTh IIrp}'lllK1-I1l3 paKYllieK.
MaTepHaJI H HHcTPYMeHTbI: O.D:Ha ,!);B}'cTBOp1..JaTa.s:r paKYIliKa MJIW-II-I, .n:Be
MaJIeHbKlle paK}'1lIKII MH)].IUf. o.u:Ha paK}'lllKa 6JfTTYMa, 06JIOMKII paK}'llleK,
BeT01..JKa Ha rro,n:CTaBKe (,TI:enaeT Bocrrl-naTeJIb .n:o pa6OTbl), Kneii, laK. KH-
CT01..JKa.
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122
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PMC. 66

Xo,a pa60Tbl. BHa"[IaJIe 3alUlTlHI }'TO'LJ:HSIIOT rrOCneJl,OBaTenblIOCTb pa-
60Tb!. Ha BeT01..JKy' }'KpenJ1eHHYIO ua nO,n:CTaBKe, rrpHKJ1el-lBalOT TynoBHID,e
WlTna; ero .nenalOT H3 ,IlBYCTBOpqaTOH paKOBHHbI MI1)IHM. rOnOH}' WlTna -
paKYIlIKY 6HTryMa - rrpl-lK.J1el-IBalOT K Ty.1.0BlfIIL..f. .II:JUI KpbIJ1.beB IITllIJ,blllC-
nOJIb3}'IOT )],Be He60nbIllHe paKYIllKl-l Mll,DJUl, XBOCT - 06nOMOK paK}'IIIKll.
HanOMHHalOIUlfH 3TY qaCTb Terra; ero rrpl-lKJIel-lBaIOT K T)'nOBI-IIUY mUIJ,bI
Me.>K,Il,Y KpbI:Jb.SIMI-I.
KaK 1-1 Bce I-IrpYIlIKI-I H3 paKYIlleK, rrOII.enKa ,n:SlTJIa 3aKaHQHBaeTCSI ee na-
KllPOBKOH.
ArYWOHOK-TaH40p (pIo1C. 67)
I..:{enb. Y1..JHTb ,n:eTeft MaCTepnTb .rrfpYIliKY. COBepIllasr npH 3TOM 6oJIb-
lioe KOnHqeCTBO orrepau,I-IH; pa3BHBaTL }'1\'leHHe HCrrOJIb30BaTb pa3Hoo6pa3-
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lIMe paK}'lIIKH: BOCIIJITbIBaTb 06rneCTBeHH}'IQ MOTI-marUIlO .D;eSneJIblIOCTn
(c.n:eJlaTb I-Irp}'lliKY H 1I0,[l,apl-lTb ee Ma-IbHnaM).
MaTepHaJI H HHCTPYMeHThI: BoceMb paK}'llieK 3e6pHHbl. .nBe paK}'rnKU
Benyca (60JlhlIIaSl H ManeHbKaSl), .!IBe paKJilllKI-I LI,1-IK.'loneca, .D;Be paK}'WKIt
KapIUI}'1\'1a cpe,UHero pa3Mepa (o,Una CABoennaSlJ, ABe paKYUIKH Kap;UIJiMa
\13JIeUhKl-le, .!IBe He60JIblliHe paK}'lIIKll MI1)I.HH. KpaCKI-L JIaK, ,J,OllJ,eqKa .!IRS!
nO;l,CTaBKJI. KHCTOLJ.KI-I.
Xo,n; pa60TbI. BOCIIHTaTenh 3ara,.!:J,hIBaeT ,[I,eTSlM 3ara,:o:K)' 0 :>KI-IBOTHOM:
«CKaqeT 3Bep}'lllKa, He pOT, a 'lOBYlIIKa, IIona;UYT B :IOB}'WKY KOMap 1-1 MJi-
lliKa)). ,QeTH OTra,D,blBaIOT: JlSlrYlllKa. B xO;J.e 6ece;UbI 06 3TOM )KI-IBOTHOl"l
,:o:eTl-l BCIIO'\UIHaIOT xapaKTepHhIe qepThI Bllernllero BJI.D;a 'lSIrHilKH (HarrpJI-
Mep, 60JIblline BbIIIYK:IbIe rna3a. WIHHHbIe 3aJUIJfe HOnt). BOClunaTenh no-
6pK.II.aeT pe6S1T BCIIO'\HII-ITh 1-1 paCCKa3aTh, r.n:e :>KHBeT 3TO 2KI-IBOTUOe, qel\l
nlITaeTCSI JI T..n. nocne 3TOro co06waeT, q-ro cero.D;HSI OHH 6Y;J.YT MaCTepl-lTh
MrpYlIIK}', Ha3BaHl-le KOTOpoiI nSlrYlliOHOK-TaHLJ,Op. 06paLIJ.aeT BHHMaHl1e
Ha 60JIhrnOe pa311006pa3He MaTepl-laJTa, He06xo;J.HMoro ,J,JUI IIO;ueJlKH, 3a-
Te'\f BMeCTe C .n:eThMI-I YCTalIaBJIl-lBaeT IIOCJIe.!IOEaTenbHOCTh pa60ThL
nO.n:eJ1KY Haql-lHalOT c TYJIOBJll1J.a mI.r}'lliOHKa, KOTopoe CKJIeHBalOT 1-13
II.BYX paKyweK Kap.n:I-I}''\fa cpe.n:Hero pa3Mepa (UJlI-I O.D;lloii C.D;EOeHHoiI). J],Be
paKYIliKH BeHyca nOTpe6}'lOTCSI .II..:ISI rOJIOBbL I1x CKJIel-IBalOT TaK, qT06bI
HJI:>KHSISI "[IaCTb - 60nhllIa5J paK}'rnKa Beu}'ca - BbJCTyrraJTa. H306pa:>KaSi
OTKpbITbJIt pOT. Ha rOJIOBe BepTHKanbHO cneBa 1-1 enpaBa IIpl-lK.]enBaJOT pa-
KYIIIKH lJ,UK:IOneCa - 3TO rna3a JUI.rYlliKH. IIOcne 3TOrO rO.l0BY rrpnK.JleJI-
BalOI K TYJlOBlUIJ,}'. -3aTeM ;Ue::JalOT nepeJIHl-le narrKI-I: .:tBe paKYUlKH 3e-
6pl-lHbI CoeJIHHSllOT noil. yr.:IOM. K 1II-IM IIpl-lKJIenBalOT KHCTb - MaJIeHhK}'ro
paKYlllKY KapD.I-IYMa. T aK :>Ke ;l,enalOT H 33l11ll-le naITKH. pa3HIHra nl-Ullb
B TOM. O .J)ISI CT}TIHM 6eP}T 13JIeHbKHe paKYIIIKll M11)],I-I.I1. nepeIIHue J1
3a;:mne :I3IIKI-I IIpnKpeT1:TSlJOT K rynomlllJ,Y (.:lSlrYlliOHOK npnKpennSleTC51 K
rrO,J,CTaBKe B BepTlIKaJIbHOM rrOnO:>KeHHH. TaK JlaIIKI-I IIpH06peTalOT BH.J, PYK
If Hor). POT OKpallIHBalOT KpaelIOll KpaCKoiI, r.n:a3a - naT'ypanbHbJe paK}'-
lllKI-I IlI-IImOneca. Ha KOTOphIX qepnoil KpaCKOH CTaBSlT TOLJ.KI-I-3paqKI-L
B nRJIblleiiumx .JRIIHTlUIX pa60Ta opraHH3}'eTcSI anRJIOnplUO rrpe!lbLJ}'lliIlM. n03TOM}' 6'--
neT paccMo-rpeH8 H onHC8H8 TOI1bKO nOCI1e,!lOB8Te'IbHOCTb J.BrOTOH:lemUI none'OK
3a<iKa (p",c. 68)
I..:{eJIb. TIpo.non:>KaTb yrrpa:>KHSlTb .n:eTeii B KnaCCI-lq,uKaI.J.HJ-I paKYllieK no
pa3Mepy: COBepllieHCTBOBaTb HaBbIK COe.!IHHeHHSI qacTeiI Hrp}'lliKlI.
MaTepHaJI H HHCTpYMeHTbI: llIeCTb paKyweK Kap.n:I1}'Ma (.J,Be 60J1bllil-ie.
JIBe Cpe,.1.Hl-le. ;J.Be COBceM ManeHhKue). Tpl-l paK}'lliKI-I MI-o.llli (60:IhlliaS! n
.!IBe MaJIeHhKl-le O;J.HHaKOBoro pa3Mepa). paKYllIK8 Bepllin 'taneHDKaSI.
wen-IRa (BOJIOe JI3 llieTKn), KpaCKn. KJIelf. naK. KHCTOqKa.
IIocne,o:oBaTeJIbHOCTb H3rOTOBneHIUI HrpYIlIKH. BHaqane ;l,enalOT TY-
JIOBHwe. AnSI 3TorO 6epYT .n:Ee 601blliHe paKYlliKU, C'\1a3bIEaIOT HX no
KpaSlM KJIceM JI CKJIeI-1B8lOT. Ree paKYlliKI-I MU;UIH-L JICnO:Ib3}'eMhIe )J,JISI JI3-
124


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PMC. 68
rOTOBneHIUI 3aHKH. D.on:>KHbI 6I.ITb TeMlIoro lJ,BeTa. [onGRY 3aliKH CKJIe-
HBalOT U3 AB}'X paK}'rneK KapD,M}'Ma MeHbllIerQ pa3Mepa TaKHM :>ICe Cfloca-
GOM, KaK H TyrroBHllIe. 3aTeM GepYT GOJIblIIYIO paK}'llIKY MH)(IIH - 3TO Gy-
.neT rrO.D:CTaBKa - 1-1 K Hefl rrpUK.J1enBalOT rynOBI-IIUe 3aflKI-I. HeMHoro
OTcTyrrllB OT MeCTa COe,IIUHeHI1Si TrJ10BIa c r0J10BOH. rrpl-IK.TIellBalOT rre-
peJ],HHe naIIKH, c.n:enaHHbIe 1-13 )J:B}'X '\faJIeHbKllX paK}'IlleK Kap.!IlfYMa (OHM
:>ICe cnY>KaT rrO.!IIIOpKOH :VUI ronOBbI). K TynoBl-lllI}' npHILl:ellBalOT ronOHY,
Ha MaK}'IlIKe MaCTepJlT YIlIKI-I 1-13 .nBrX ManeHhKUX. O.ILl-iHaKOBbIX lID pa3-
Mep}' paK}'IlleK MII.IJ;IUI. ManeHbKa.s:r paK}'UIKa BepIIIH cnY>KI-IT XBOCTHKOM, a
l\Ba CKpemeHHDIX BonOCKa H3 IIteTKIf - }'caMI-I. r na3a 3aiIQHKY HaHoc.sn
ryCTOH KpaCKOH KpaCHorO l(BeTa. rOTDBa$! HrpYlliKa naKHpyeTCSI.
125

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PMC. 69
4epHbliil\e6eAeHOK (P.,c. 69)
Qe.TJb. IIponon2KaTb plJITh p:eTen C03.3aBaTh lffp}'lliKY. orrupaSlCb Ha ro-
TOBhlM 06pa3err II JICXOP;SI H3 }'cTaHOB::1eHHOlf rrocne,n:OBaTenbIIOCTI-I pa-
60TbI; COBeprneHCTBOBaTb 3HaHH5I .neTen 0 CBOHCTBaX paKYIlleK; yqHTb HC-
rrOllb30BaTb 3HaKOMbIe BHghI paK)TllIeK ,n:n.a 113rOTOBneHH.5I HOBbIX rrO.D:enOK:
<jJOpMHPOBaTb aKK}"paTHOCTb B pa6OTe.
MnepHaJI H HHCTPYMeHTbI: 6oJ1bwa '1epHOMOpCKaR paKYWKIl
BepillH, ABe paKYlliKU MH,IlHH cpep:Hero pa3Mepa U aneHbKa51 paK}'IllKa
,D,B}'cTBOpqaTOH MH.D:HM, paK}'IlIKa 6HITYMa. TpU paK}'IllKU Kapp:HYMa (He-
60llblllue). ceMeHa l(BeTOB. rrJIaCTlUII-IH. KapTOH n.m-l rrnaCTMaCCOBa51 ITJIa-
CTHHKa, KJIerl. KpaCKU. naK, KlICTOqKH.
I1ocne,o:oBaTeJ1bHOCTb H3rOTOBJ1eHIUI IITpyrnKH. .IJ:IDI TYJ10BUII.J,a J1e6e-
.!IeHKa 6epYT paK}'IIIK}' Bepllll1 II rrpHKJIel-lBalOT ee K rrO.D:CTaBKe. BbIrrO-:I-
HeHHoii U3 OKpallIeHHoro KapTOHa I-UIH ITJIaCTMaCCbl. KPbIJ1MI rrpUKne-
UBaIOT K T}'nOBluu,}' CI-IMMeTpWIHO H3 AB}'X paKYllieK Mll)lHH cpep:Hero pa3-
Mepa. fonoBa - ManeHhKa51 ,!JB}'CTBOp1..JaTa51 paK}'IIIKa MII)J;HI-L Ha Hel]
rrpHKJleHBaeTCSI KJIIOB IITHlJ,hI (ManeHbKa51 paK}'UlKa 6uTTYMa). rna3a - ce-
MeHa IJ;BeTOB. .II:JIHHHa51 ."Je6e.o.IIHa51 Ille51 H3 ITJIaCTI-IJII-IHa COe.D:UH5IeTCSI C rO-
nOBoil H TynoBUllJ,eM. XBOCT - 'faneHhKaSl paK}'IlIKa Kap,n:HYMa. a ;J,Be Ta-
Kue :>Ke paK}'IlIKH MeUhIllero pa3Mepa HCrrOJIb3}'IOT ,D,JI5I nanoK. KpaCKaMIf
PUC}'IOT rna3a, llIelO KpaC5IT qepHOH KpacKoH. I1rpYllIK}' naKHpYlOT.
neTYWOK (P.,c 70)
QeJIb. YqIITb .D:eTeH JICrrOllb30BaTb PHC}'HOK Urp}'IllKH B KaqeCTBe 06pa3-
n:a; l)Jopl\1UpOBaTb caMOCTOHTe:JbHOCTb B pa60Te (rro.D:60p MaTepHana HerO
npUMeHeHJIe): BOCIIHThIBaTb BHMMaTenbHOCTb rrpu BhInonHeUIiU one-
pau ui '!.
126

(npl1 i13rQTOBJIeUUI1 Hrp)lll1eK C onopoii He HR rOTOBYIO nOAeJIKY, a Ha ee pliC}'HOK
MO)KHO nOKR3hIB8n. npOIIecc ee H3rQTOB.'H::III1E., llo6yJK,Il8S1 AeTeil: K c8MOCTmne!1hHOM)' HC-
nOJIh30B8nl1EO pa3JlH1.J:Hb(X BlillOH pSKyrneK A__ISI C03n;aUHH Iirp}'weK)
MaTeplfaJI H HHCTpYMeHTbI: .D:eCSlTb paK}'IlleK MJ1,IIJUI pa3I10rO pa3Mepa
(O!:JJIa 60J1bIlla.s:r. .D:Be CpeII,lIUe, ,nBe rrOMemWe, 1..JeTblpe COBCeM ManeHbKlfe).
YfeTbIpe paKYIllKU Kap.3,n}'Ma (,nBe 60J1bll1l1e U .D:Be Ma:IeHbKUe). O.D:Ha paK}'-
llIKa 6UTTYMa. KJIefi. KpaCKll. KUCT01..JKl1.
llOCrre,l10BaTellhHOCTb lf3rOTOBrreHK!I 1IT)J}'IllKK. )Jm! TpOBKlUa 6epYT
.nBe 60:IbIllHe paK'IIIKU KapD,U}'Ma. 1aTeM 1-13 .D:BYX ManeUbKHX paK}'IlleK
Kap,nJJ}"1a ,ne.::IaJOT rO.\IOB}'. ee rrpJ:lKJIeJ:lB3IOT K T}'.'JOBJIlU}'. K.J]JOB IITHW>l
MaCTepSlT 1-13 OII,HOii paK}'lllKH 6HTT}'Ma, a non. HMM npUKJICI-IBalOT II,Be Ma-
neHbKlle paKYIIlKU MHII,JIH. pa3II,e:rellHble B BH..'Je 60POII,KI-L ,IlnSl rpe6eIllKa
HCIIOJIb3}'IOT nBe paKJiWKH Mluan!. CKJleeHHbIe B'\1eCTe. ux rrpnxpeIIiSlIOT
B BepXHefi 1..JaCTH rOJlOBbL 113 Tpex paKyweK MU;rIHJI '\fO:>KHO cn.eJIaTb XBOCT:
.,
..
.
(1)CD
 CO io 
PMC. 70
127

IIX paCnOJIaralOT Beepoo6pa3HO, noeJIe qero npllKJlel-IBalOT. 3aTeM e JJ,B}'X
CTOpOR TynoBHII.J,a npUKYIellBalOT KpbIJIhSl. Kor;aa rrO;aeJIKa urpYIIIKI-I 3a-
KOH'lJeHa, ee npUKJIeHBalOT K rrop;CTaBKe 1I3 60JIbIIlOH MII;aI-II-L rpe6eIIIOK .11
6opoJJ;KY rreI)'lilKY MO:>KHO OKpaelITb B KpaCHbIll u,BeT. noene 3Toro Hrpy-
llIKY rrOKpbITb naKOM.
Ll.!eHoK ApY>KOK (P"c, 71)
l{eSlb. Ynpa)l{.H5ITb ;neTeil B YMeHMII auam-l3l1pOBaTb xon pa60TbI Han
I1rp"ylllKOlf, UCnOJTh3YSl ee 1I306pa:>KeHUe Ha KapTl-lHKe; 3aKpermSlTb YMeHMe
ou.eHIIBaTb pe3}'JlbTaTbI TpYll.a.
MaTepHaJI H HHcTPYMeHTLI: RoceMb paKYllieK Kap,!\U}'Ma ()IRe 60JIL.
lillie, ,nBe epe,nHlIe. qeTblpe ManeHbKHe). O,D,Ha paKYlilKa BepIIIu (He6oJIb-
maSl), Tpn paKYlIIJ{1I u,uKJIOneCa, KapToH HJIU .nepeBSlHHbIH 6pyeoK, KlIeR,
KpacKII, JlaK. KI-ICTO'LJ:KH.
llOCne.ll:OBaTeJ1bHOCTb H3rarOBJIeHIDI nrpYWKIf. TIo.n:emqr HRLJIIHalOT
C TynoBHwa rn;eHKa. J],nSl 3Toro HCrrOJIb3YlOT ;nBe 60JIhWUe paKYlilKll Kap-
.!IuYMa: ux nO KpaSlM CMa3bIBalOT KJIeeM II eOe,I1;IIIDIIOT. [onoBY IUeHKa Ma-
cTepSlT Ta.lOKe 1I3 .n:BYx paKYllieK KapD,H}'l\ta cpe.n:Hero pa3Mepa, coe.n:HHSlIOT
HX TaKRM :>Ke crroco6o'\.i. Ha I'OnOBe rrpHKJIellBaroT YIllH 1I3 ,ABYX MaJIeHb-
KUX paKYllieK KapruIYMa. a rJIa3a H HOC ,D,enalOT 1I3 Tpex paK}'lileK IlUKJIO-
rreea. 3aTeM ronOBY rrpUKJIellBalOT K TYJIOBUIUY. nocne 3Toro urpYlilK}'
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YKpenJUIIOT lIa rrO,n:CT8BKe. nO.D:CT3BK}' ,n:eJI8IOT H3 ltBeTHOrO KapTOH8 HJIlI
.D:OllJ,eQKIL JIaTIKI-I H3 .!J.BYX paKyweK KapIU-IYM8 rrplIKneHB8lOT K TYJIOBMIUY
II nO,n:CT3BKe, H3 MaJIeHbKOH paKYIUKI-I BepllIH .n:e.U3JOT XBOCT I1rpYlllK8 f'O-
TOBa ee ,"O:>KHO naKUpOB8Th.
CTpayceHoK (p.,C. 72)
IJ;eJIb. COBeprnenCTBOB8Tb YMeHIUI M8CTepHTb HrpYIliKH H3 pa3HOo6-
pa3HOrO npHpO,D:HOrO Ii ,J,OnO!IHlITe!1bHOrO M3Tepn3 a: pa3BlfB8T1.1 II03H8B8-
TeJIbHhIlf I-Ilrrepec. . 
129

MaTepHaJI H HHCTPYMeHThI: qeTMpe paKYIlllUI KapJI"YMa ()!Be 60JIb-
lime, JIBe cpeIJ;lIero pa3Mepa). CJ].BoenuaSl paKYIllK3 MH,D,HH cpe,nHero pa3-
Mepa, paKYIllK3 6HT1)'M3. qeTblpe paKYIliKH Benyca (,D,Be CpeIJ;Hero pa3Mepa
If nEe ManeHhKHe), ceMeH3 lLBeTOB. ll1I3CTHnHH, naK. ,l],epeB.HHH3S1 ,I10-
lQeQK3. KUCTOQK3.
nOCJ1e,nOB3TeJIbHOCTb H3rOTQBJIeHIUI Ifrpynnrn. 113 .IJ:BYX paKYllieK
Kap,U,HYM3 60JlbIllOrO pa3Mepa ,I1eJ131OT TynOBHllJ,e. KpaSl paKyrneK
TIUaTenbilO CM.a3blBalOT KlleeM 11 CKIlenB31OT. CltMMeTpIP-lHO no 60KaM
npHKJIel1B3JOT paKYIllKJI BeHyca - KpblJIbIIllKH. 3aTeM MaCTepfiT fOJIOB}'
"3 ,D,BYX MaJIellbKHX CKlleeHHblX Me)KJJ,Y C060R paKYIlleK KapJlHYM3 cpen-
Hero pa3Mep3_ npHKpennsnOT 1I0C - MaJIeHbKYlO paKYJl1KY 6HTTyMa. H
rn333 - IU3eTO\J.Hble ceMeH3_ fOIl DBa 11 ryJIOBJune COe,l],HHHIOTCSI C rneeii-
npOBOnOQKOH, CM333HHOU nJI3CTl1:.J1HHOM. IIoc.'1e Toro KaK Bee qaCUi 6YAYT
COeJ].HUellbl, ,D,enalOT XBOCT. AnSI 3rofO CKlIeJmalOT ABe paKYIliKH MI1.IJ.I1I1,
XBOCT npHKlIeHB8IOT K TynoBIfUIY; HOrM - npOBOJIOqKH, nOKpblTble nn8-
CTH11HHOM, TalOKe npHKJIeHBafOT K TYnOBHm:y; crylurn - JIBe MaJIeHbKHe
paKYIllKI1 Beuyca - rrpHKpenJI.HlOT K nO,D,CTaBKe. Pa60Ta 3aKaWlHBaeTCSl
naKHpOBKOH H3,D,enHSI.
}l(llpa<!> (pllC. 73)
I.J;eJIb. TI03HaKoMllTb IJ;eTeiI C HOBblM MaTepl1a.T]OM paKYIllKoH qe-
peHKa OK8"HMneHIlOro; eOBeprneHCTBOBaTh lIaBblKH pa6CITbl C KJIeeM; Boe-
nllTbIBaTh TBop'.J.eeKoe OTHOIlleIlHe K ,D,eny.
MaTepHaJl H HHCTpYMeHTbl: qeTbIpe paKYIIIKll KapJI,HYM3 (ABe 60nb-
IllHe H ,D,Be MaJIeHbKHe), IlleCTh paK}UleK HellYCa (Ma.T]eUbKllx). ,rJ,eeSlTb pa-
KYUleK 'IlepeHKa oKaiiM.neHHoro. ,D,Be p8KYlllKH 6HTTYMa (MaJIeHhKlle), CO-
nOMa. ceMena I.LBeTOB, KlIeH. naKJ JJOJKHlll.{hJ, KI1CTOQKH.
nOCJ1e,nOBaTeJ1bHOCTb H3fOTOBJIeHH.H Ifrpynnrn. Pa6<na H8,IJ, Hrpy-
IllKOii coeTOllT H3 JI.BYX 3TanOB. BHa'llaJIe JI,enalOT TynoBHru:e 113 ,D,BYX O,D,H-
HaKOBblX paKYIlleK KapIJ;HYMa. JIJlSI nor 6epYT BoceMb O,D,HHaKOBbIX paKY-
IlleK qepellKa OKa1IMJ1eHHOrO H nonapHO llX CKJleltBalOT. K KOHl.W-M nony-
ql1BliIHXCfi HOECK rrpl1KJIeHBalOT no O,3HO" p8KYIllKe Benyea. Bee qeTblpe
paKYlllKH IlOJDKIIbl 6bITb onHHaKOBoro pa3Mepa. 3aTeM Ka)Km'"fO H3 nO:>KeK
IIpUICleHBalOT K TYJIOBHlIY. Y :>KHpa4Ja ,nnHHHaSl 1I1eSl. n03TOMY lIJ1S1 ee H3-
rOTOBJIeHHSI 6epYT ,D,Be paK)ilIIKH '.J.epem<8 oKaiiM:IenHOrO 6011bIlloro pa3-
Mepa, COeJIHHSlIOT MeJK.nY C060R H C rynoBHIlJ,eM.
3aTeM )[eJIalOT roJlOBY. ,lJ,JUI "TOro 6epYT ABe paKYIIIKH KapA"YMa l!
CKJIeHBalOT HX Me:>KAY e060R. Ha MaKYIllKe r0110Bbl npJfKpenJl.HIOT YIllH -
,IJ,Be MaJIeHbKl1e paKYIIIKJi BeHyca o,rrI1HaKOBoro pa3Mepa. a cnepe,!I;!! -
KpOXOTHbIe pOJKKH H3 paKYIlleK 6I1TTYMa. rJIa3a MO:>KHO CIJ;enaTh 113 CeM5I:H
30pfiHKll Ii]]H :>Ke UBeTOR nOCJIe 3rofO fOJIOBY COe,D,HHSlfOT C IlleeH 11 TY.'lO-
BHlI.!eM; XBOCT - C0110MHHKa, O;:J.I1H KOHeu: KOTOpOH pa3pe3aH BJ],OTJb Ha He-
CKonbKO qacTeil.
3aKaWII1BaeTCSI pa60Ta .'1aKHpOBKOii HrpYlllKH.
130

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MHWK3 (pHC. 74)
I.J;eJIb. 3aKpeniISUb y n;eTei1 HaBbIKH aHaJUi3a 06pa3u:a-H306pa>KeHJUI Ii
HCnOJIb30BaHHB ero npM H3rarOBJ1eHHH nO,D,eJIKH; BOCTIHTb1Bau, HHTepeC
K PY'IHOMY TPY,J,y.
MaTepHaJ1 H HHCTp)'MeHTLI: IIBe P3KYIllKH MH;um (60Jl)'IllHe), IlleCTb
paKyrneK KapIUiYl1a ()IBe Cpe,D,HerO pa3Mepa If qeTbIpe Ma.."IeHbKHe). IJ;Be He-
60J1blIIHe paKYIllKH Hellyea. '[:IeTbIpe paKYlllKH KYCTapHHKOBOH ynl1TKH (113
131

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PMC_ 74
HHX ,D,Be 60llbllUle. ABe CpeIJ;HerO pa3Mepa), MaJIeHbKaSl paKYlllK8 BeplIn!.
paKyrIIKa oneca. JI.Ba MenKHX MOpCKIlX KaMYIUKa. K'COqeK KO.>KH "JIn
IIJIOTHOH 6YMarH. cPOJIbra. KJIefI. naK, ,D,epeBSlHH851 ,D,OIUeQKa. HO.>KHHIJ;.bl,
KHCTOl.JKJf.
nOCJle.a;OBaTeJThHOCTb H3I'OTOBJleHHSl. IITPyuIKD. MHlllKY H8QHHalOT
MaCTepllTb C T)lTIOBlIIua. JJ,JUI "em 6epYT II CKna1U>malOT )!Be 60TIbllllle pa-
KYIliKH '\iH,D,Hn. B BepXHeiI \jaCTH ryflOBJUIJ:8. pacnOJIOJKeHHOrO BepTIf-
KaJIbHO, crrpaBa Ii cneBa npHKJIeHBafOT nepe;:J.HHe "IanbI, Bbill(L"'IHeHHbJe H3
,D,BYX KYCTapHHKOBblX ynHToK cpenHero pa3Mepa. COe,IIJUl.5IfOT nanbI C Tyno-
BJUUeM. H8 KOHUbI YJIHTOK rrpHK."1eHBalOT no onnoH l\.fanelThKOH paKYIliKe
KapnHyMa. Ja.u.HHe nanbI MJUllKe eJIaIOT TaKHM JKe cnoco60M. KaK Ii ne-
peJ].HHe. TOJIbKO Ii paKYIllKH Kap'u'HYMa. Ii KYCTapHHKOBOfl Y:IHTKH IJ;OJDKHbI
6bITb 60nbliioro p83Mep8_ ,II,JISI T'O;IOBbI 3TOH 386mmOH Hrp}'llIKH 6ePYT ,D,Re
P8KYlliKH K8P,IUI)'M8 Cpe,I1HerO p83Mep8_ H8 M8KYIIIKe npHKJleliB8fOT YlliKJI
H3 ,D,B}'X MaJIeHbKHX p8KYllleK BeHyc8 O;:I:HH8KOBoro p83Mep8. Hoc MO:>KHO
CIJ;enaTb H3 P8KYlliKH U;UKlloneca, H3 JU3YX MaJIeHbKHX MOpCKHX K8M\"-
lllKOB. fonoBY COeJIlIIUIlOT C TynoBHlI{eM. JiIrpYlliKY YCT8H8BJIHB8fOT H8
nO,D,CT8BKe. npIUJ:8B8S1 en YCTOHQHBOe nOJIO:>KeHHe. 3aTeM H3 KYCO'lKa
KO:>KH UJIH ITJIOTHOH 6YM8rH HOJKHHu;aMH BbIpe38IOT nOJIOCKY - noSlC, 8 H3
cPOJ1bHI - npSl)KKY. IImICOK npOJJ.eB8IOT B npSDKKY H npllKJleHB810T K 11'-
nOBHUJ:Y MHIIIKH. IIOIJ;enKY IIOKpbIBalOT w'I8KOM.
132

'lapYCHHK IpHC. 75)
D:eJIb. Y'IHTb )l,eTeii )l,eJIaTh 3HaKOMYro mpYlliKY - napYCHHK H3 paKY-
llleK; 4>opMHpoBaTb YMeHHe COOTHOCHTb CBOli ;o,eiIcTBlul C YKa38HJUIMH
BOCIrnTaTeJISI.
MaTepHaJI H HHcTpYMeHTbI: )),Be paKYIliKu MH,D,HH 6OJlbilloro pa3Mepa,
)),eB.BTb paKYllieK QepeHK8 OK8HMJIeHHOrO (TP" 60JIbllUIe. TP" Cpe;D,lllie, TP"
MaJIeHhKHe), TP" TOHKHe na.rroqKH Un" COJIOMHHKJi ,D,JIHHOH 10-15 CM,
UBeTHaa 6YMara, 6eJIbIe rneJIKOBble HHTKH. KJIeH nBA, naK. MOPCKO Ka-
MYllJeK. HO:>KHHU:bl. KlicroqKa.
nOCJle.o;OBaTeJlhHOCTh H3rOTOBneHHH mpynnrn:. Kopnyc napYCHHKa
CKJIeHBalOT H3 )),BYX 60JIblllHX paKyrneK qepHoiI MJI,IJ;JUi. DARa H3 KOTOpbIX
;u,OJIJK.Ha 38XOIJ;HTb 38 APYrylO, nocne 3Toro Kopnyc rrapYCHHKa YCTaHaBJIll.-
BalDT H8 nOACTaBKe - MOpCKOM KaMYlllKe.

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PMC. 75
133

113roToBJ1eHHe Ma'tffhI C napycaMH Ha'lHHaIOT C KperrneHIUI napYCOB
KlleeM K TpeM rraJIO'IK3M unB COJIOMHHKaM O.r:UlHaKOBOrO pa3Mepa
(JIIIHHOii npHMepHO 10 CM). napyca ,I\eJIalOT H3 paKyweK qepeHKa oKaiiM-
neHHoro, KOTopbIe HaKJIeHBaJOT B nOCTerreHHO YBenHQHBaIOWeMCIf rrop-
Re: 6QJlblllOii, c;pe.nHllH. MCWlellb1Ulll. Ha'lllHa}i cHlny. npmmeHBaTh He-
06XO;D,HMO Bee TpH Ma'tffhl Ha paBHOM paCCTOIfHHH 3aTeM HrpYIliKY no-
KphIBaIOT 6eCQ.BeTHhlM naKOM.
llOneJIKY MO:>KHO J].OnOJIHHTb BepeBOqHOH JIeCTHHueft H cPnaJKK8MH.
JIeceHKY IlenalOT H3 HHTKH. H8 KOTOPYIO H8 paBHOM paCCTOSlHHH HaKJJe-
HBaIOT nepeKJI8.II,HHhl - TOHKHe COJIOMHnKH. Hape3aHHhle O;IlHHaKOBblMH..
O,I1HH KOHeu: neceHKH npHKpeIIJ1S1IOT K Bepxy OpHOH H3 MaqT. a BTOpOH
CBo60,AHO JIeJKllT B Kopa6nHKe. K Ka}K)J;OH 113 Ma'tJT npHKlleHBalOT
cPJIaJKKI1, Bblpe38HHble H3 6YMarH pa3Horo U:BeT3.
BeCel\bl" XOPOBOA (p<1c. 76)
UeJIb. YqllTb ,I1eTe" pa60T3Tb KonneKTHBHO Ha..r:t. O,D,HOll TeMoii,
BhlnonIDIIf npH 3TOM orrpeJ].eneHHoe 3a)J.3HHe; eOBepIlleHCTBOBaTb H8BbIKH
COe;D,HHeHHSI paKYIlleK cnoco6oM CKJIeHB3HHIf: BOCIIlITbIB3Th ;IlPYJKeCKHe
B3aHMOOTHOIIJeHHSI MeJK.IJY J].eTbMH.
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134

MaTepHaJ1 H HHCTpYMeHThI: rneCTh paK}'rneK tJ.epHOMOpCKOrO rpe6e-
IlIKa (60JIblllOrO pa3Mepa), rneCTE, paKyrneK Ben}'Ca neneR, KpaCKH, JIaK.
KllcTOQKa-
XO,D. pa60Thlo BnaqaJIe Bocn:HTaTeJIb npe,llJIaraeT ,D,enlM rrocnyrnaTb qa-
cTYllnrn 0 MaTpeIllKax. 3aTeM C006lll.aeT, 'iTO cerO;J,HSI ORH 6Y.D.YT MaCTe-
pHTb MHoro MaTperneK. To6bl nOJIYQI1JIC5I l.{enbIH XOpOBO;r. IIOKa3blBaeT
06p33eu: - rOTOBYlO cueIIK}', c;o,e!IaUH}'lO BocnHT3TeneM ,D,O pa60Tbl, H.J]H
ee H306pa:>KeUHe. BocnHTaTe'1b 06palll.aeT BHI1MaHHe ,D,eTeH Ha TO, 'lTO Bce
MaTpeIlIKH B XopOBo;o,e O)J,HHaKOBbIe. n03TOMY ItOCTaT01.J:HO paCCMOTpeTb
TO.ilhKO O;IlHY MaTpell1KY. qT06bl }'CTaHOBHTb, H3 KaKHK tJ.acTeiI OHa CO-
CTOHT, K3K ee HaAo ;o,enaTb, T. e_ onpeJ].eJ1HTh noc...-eJ].OBaTeJIbHOCTb pa60ThI.
KOHeTPYKl.{IHI Beex .MaTpeIIleK npaCTa: oua coeTORT H3 ;rBYX paKyrneK -
0J].H3 60:Ibrn3SJ. tlepnOMopCKoro rpe6ernK3. ee HCnOJIb3}'IOT ,D,;JSI TynoBlUIJ,a;
H Olma paKyrnKa BeHyca - ,D,nSl ronOBbi. fOJIOB}' J1 rynoBHIll,e CKneHBaIOT.
JIHu:a M3TperneK paCKparnHBalOl KPaCK3!\.1H. noenKY J13KHPYIOT.
I1rp}'IllK3 6yneT BblrJI5UleTb Hap5lJJ,Hee. eCJlH TynoBHwe H r0'10Ba 6YDJlT
C,D,eJIaHbI H3 CllBoeHHbIX paKyrneK: "IYJIOBHrne H3 ,D,BYX CKJIeeHHbIX Me>KD.Y
C060H paKyrneK qe.pHOMopCKoro rpe6elllK3 0,!IJlH3KOBOro pa3Mepa. a ro-
JIOBa - H3 ,llB}'X CKJleel:lI1J:,IX paK}'rneK BeHyca.
YTOtJ.HHB rrOC-JIe,D,OB3TeJIbHOCTb pa60Tbl, BocnHT3Te,,'1b onpeJ].ensreT 3311:a-
HHe KaJK)lOMY pe6eHKY (ne,!!aror pa60TaeT c rpynnoH )!eTeH B 5-6 '!e"o-
BeK), nOCJIe 3Toro ,rreTH rro:J,6HpalOT He06xo,D,HMbUi MaTepHaJl H npHC1J'-
n310T K pa60Te. BocrrHT3Tenb nOJ].qepKHB3eT. qTO Bee ,D,eTH 6YAYT ,I1eJIaTb
no o;:J,HoiI MaTpelIIKe, a 06'be.n;HHHB HX BMeCTe. 1I000'y'lHTC5I XOpOBO;r.
B rrpou:ecce pa60TbI BocrrHTaTenb Cne,I1HT, tJ.T06bI ,I1eTH 3RKypaTHo
nOJIb30BaJlnCb KlleeM. npaBH:IbHO npnK.'1eI-maJIH qaCTH HrpYlliKH. nooru:-
pHeT np05lBJIeHHe B3aHMonOMOIlIH. Kor.na K3)K)],bIM C,I1eJIaeT CBOIO MaTpe-
IlIKY. HX rrpHKJIeHBafOT Ha nO,D,CT3BKe-rreHhKe TaK, 1JT06bl 06pa30BaJICSI xo-
POBO)!.
no OKOlf1-laHHH pa60TbI HrpyrnKH 0l.{eHHB31OTC5I, BocrrHTaTeIlb noJ].BO-
JJ:HT llTOr: K8)K.],hlH ,D,eJJa.lJ CBOIO MaTpernKY, HO. 06'be,D,HHHB llX BMeCTe. rro-
ny.,HJIH O,I1H}' HrpyrnKY «BeeenbIH XOPOBO;o,)).
B ;!J:8J1bHeHrnen paOOTe ua..:::J: HrpYIIIKaMH l\enH H Boem-naTenbHO-OOp830B8TeJIbHble 38-
naII:! JueHTH'lHbl TeM. LITO Ii npH H3rOTOB.lelnm J.1rpYlllKII (Beeenbill XOpOBOJ1l> CneIImln.fKa
Ka>K.!I,oro 3a)lTltSi l:lflilb B nO!IrOTOBKe taTepHal:a H nOC:JenOB8Tenb1lOCnl lt3rOTOfneHIHI n
COeJJ;J1HeHlUI <{aeTe" HrpyllIKJ.J.
BopOHa " ""C"Lla (p"C 77)
MaTepHaJI H HHCTpYMeHTbl: llJISI nHCHU:bI - IIleCTb paKyrneK qepHO-
MopCKoro Tarreca. rneCTb paKyrneK MHlIlfH (Heoonbrnoro pa3Mepa). ,!J.Be pa-
Kyruxn Beprnn (KpynHble). qeTblpe paKYIIIKlI 3e6pnHbI. KJIeft. KHCTOqKa.
nJISI BOpORbI - ;:J.Be paxYlllKH Kapn'llYMa MaJIeHbKOI'O pa3Mepa. 1.J:eTblpe
MHIJ;HH tcpe,D,HHet paKYWKII Beu}'ca_ 6HTT}'Ma (MenKHe). rrOJIOBHHKH paKY-
IlIeK KHTaUCKOU :p1arr01J:KU. IJ;epemlHH3S1 nOIJ;CTaBKa. BeTKa ,!J.epeBa. KpaCKa,
lUIeii.
135

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nO;o,CTaBKY, ua Hee npHKJIeHBalOT ,I1epeBO - TOJICTYJO BeTKY C OTXOJISllll.HM
B CTOpOR)' CyqKOM, IIOCne 3Toro npHeTyrralOT K H3rOTOBneHIHO JIHChI. fo-
'IOBY nHebl (3a.:aHIOIO ee n0..'10BHHY) MaCTCp.SlT H3 JI.Byx paKYllleK Tarreea.
K Hen npHKJIeHBalO'T TOpqalll.He YIllH - ,D,Be '\.1aJIeUbKHe paKyrnKH MIIJJ:HH.
a H3 JI.BYX ,D,pyrHx MH,D,HH. qYTb 60nbllIero pa3Mepa. CKJIeeHHbIX BMeCTe H
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PMC. 77
136

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.JVI5I 3BepbK3 Y,II.JIHHeHIIOH MOp;o,O'IKOH.
nepe,I1HIOIO '1aCTb T)lnOBHIlIa ,I1enaKIT H3 ilBYX paKyrneK '1epHOMOpC-
Koro T3lleca. 3aJJ.HI01O - H3 T3KHX JKe ,II.BYX paK}'llIeK; 06e Q3CTH CKJIe-
HB3roT. 3areM npHKJleHB310T nepeltHHe H 33,rume naml. CIl.e11aHHble H3
'leTblpex paKyweK 3e6pHHbI, XBOCT - 83 .IlBYX 60JlbIlIHX p3KyIlleK
BepillH.
fOTOBYIO qmrypK}' TIHChl CT3BSIT na nO,D,CT3BKY BepTHK3JIbHO H npHKJle-
HB310T R Hell 33,IJ.HHMH nallaMH H XBOCTOM. 113 ManeHblUfX MH.IJJIll 113 no,D,-
CT3BKe OKO.TJO 33JIHHX JJ3n npHKJJeHB3fOT Cl}'IIHH. KOT.!J:a HrpYWK3 noncox-
HeT. ,llJISI 6011hwero ee CXOlICTB3 co 3BephKoM 4mrypKY nHCbl MO:>KHO
nOKpbITb opalDKeoou KpaCKoH lryallIblO), a r11333 H HOC oaBeCTH qepHo(J
Kp3CKoiL
llo.n.eJlKY BOPOIIhI H3qHH3fOT C rOJIOBbL J],JHI ::noro J],Bf paKYIllKH Kap-
,nnYM3 He6onblIlOTO pa3Mepa CKJIeHBaIOT BMeCTe. KJIIOB .n:eJI3IOT H3 paKY-
lliKH 6H"ITYM3. .II.nSl T}'rrOBlIl.Q3 Ii: KpbInbeB HCn0J1b3YIOT paKYlliKH MH,D,HH
Cpe,I1Hero pa3Mepa. TIocrre 3Toro ronOBY npHKJIeHB310T K TYnOBHIIlY.
'boOb! CMaCTepHTh XBOCT, HCnOJIb3YKIT OOJIOMaHHyIO paKYIllKY BeH}'Ca. Ee
npHKJIeHBalOT BHH3Y 3a,IJ,HeH Q3CTH TynoBHru:a. CbIP - llOJIOBHHKa P3KY-
UlKH KHTaHCKOH rnarro.,KJf. KOTOPYro npHKIIeHBafOT K KJIfOBY. 3aTeM PH-
CYIOT r11333. ,II,JUl 6011blllero CXO,U,CTBa C IITHu,ell 4>HrYPKY MO}l{HO nOKpbITb
QepHOll KpaCKOM. YKpeIIHTb Ha cyqKe H nocne 3TOro n3KHpoB3Th.
ABCT Y rHe3A8 (pBC. 78)
MaTepHaH H HHCTpyMeHTbI: TpH p8XYIIIKH MHilill1 (HeooHI,uioro p83-
Mep3), P3KYIllK3 3e6pHHbI, paXYIllK3 KHT3llCKOH llIanO'lKH. cnHQKI1 H11H
C0J10MHHKH. JIBe MaJIeHbKHe ropOllIHHbI, CYX3S1 BeTOQK3. KP3CKM. KneH, ce-
Me'IKH ar BHHorpa)J.3, ,U,epemLHH3If no;o,CTaBK3, HO:>KllIUJ:bI.
nOCJ1e)lOBaTeJlbHOCTb H3I'OTOBneHIDI urpynnrn. JJm! C03i18HH5I <PH-
rypKH aHCTa K paKymKe 3e6pmlbI - -rynOBHlI.{}' nTHlJ,bI - npHKJ1eHB3IOT
rOJIOBY. c.n.eJIaUHYIO H3 CeMe'lKa BHHOrp8.,IJ;3; KpblnMi - ,II.Be He6011bIlm:e
paKYlliKH MII.nHH. XBOCT T3KJKe H3 paKymKIJ MIUI.HH. npe.IJ.BapHTeJIhHO IJOIJ;-
TOQeHHOll. 113 CnHQeK linH TOIlKHX nanO'leK ,U,en3lOT HorH H npHKJIeHB310T
HX K HH>KHeH "'l3CTH TyrroBHlI.{3. npH.,eM onH3 Hora npIf"fa. 3 BTOP3S1 cor.
HYT351.
fOTOBYfO nIHIl;)' OKpamHBaIOT H nOKpbmalOT 113KOM. nocne 3TOTO na
II.epeBIfHHOM nOIICT3BKe. npenB3pHTeJlbHO OKpameHHOH H JJOKPbITOH 113-
KOM. YKpellJISJIOT CYXYlO BeTRY (linH 06nOMOK KOpann3). Ha BepXHeH QaCTH
BeTKH. CJICBa. npHKneHB3IOT p3KylliKY KHTaHcKoH 1lI3nO'iKH (BMny-
KJIOCThfO BlUf3) - 3TO 6y,U,eT rne3.n0 3HCT3. nRyrpb KOToporo nOMe1lI31OT
npe.IJ;B3pmeJIhHO CMa33HHhIe KJIeeM Me11KO H3pe33HHbIe conOMHHKH H ,U,Be-
1'pH rOpOlIIHllhI - IfHl.{3 TITHIl,bI.
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C,D,BOeHHblX 60JIbllIOrO H cpenHero pa3Mepa), rneCTb ne60JIbllIHX paKYllleK
MUJIHH. TpH MeJIKHe paKYillKH Benyca, IliITHaTb MaJIeHbKnx paKYllleK
BepllIH, KpaCKH (ryaIllb). KJIeiI, 6ecU:BeTHhIH naK, ,D,OIIIeQK3 linn IUlOTHhIIJ
KapTOH. HO:>KHHU:bI, KHCTH_
nOCJIe,u,oBaTeJIbHOCTb H3rOTOBJIeHHJI IIT)JYlllKH. 3T3 nO,D,enK3 BbIIIOJI-
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138

TPY,l{UTCIf Ha..r:t. CBOen Hrp}'lllKon, a 3aTeM H3 rOTOBblX nO,D,eJIOK C03.QaeTCIf
KOMII03Hl.(HSI, KOTOpyro MbI Ha3BaJU! «TPH ocnlIKa C rHTapaMH)L
Bce TPH ocnliKa C03)J,afOTCSI B O,D,HHaKOBOH nocne,D,OBareJIbHOCTH. ,IJ,nIf
H3fOTOBJ1eHHSI "l}'flOBHII.J;a OCJ1HKa 6epYT ,D,Be 60JIbllIHe paKYlliKH Kap,D,H}'Ma,
CKlIeHBalOT HX, K TYlIOBHIJ.Jy npHKJIeHBalOT fOlIOBY. C,D,enallllYIO H3 ,D,BYX CO-
e,IJ;HHeHHbIX Me>K)I.Y C060lI paKYllieK KapllHYMa cpellHero pa3Mepa. Ha ro-
nOBe npHKpeIIJ1IfIOT ToptJ.aIIJ,lIe B pa3HbIe CTOpOHbI YlllKH H3 MaJIeHbKHX pa-
KyrneK MHJI.HH, HOC - He60nblllaIf paKYlllKa BeHyca. a fna3a H H03JJ.pH PH-
CYIOT tJ.epHoi1 KpaCKoiI. 3aTeM K -ryflOBlllllJ' npHKpenJISlIOT nepe,D,HHe H
3a)J,HHe HOfH, 3 TaKJKe XBOCT, BblIIOlIHeHHbIe H3 He60JIbllllIX paKyweK
BepIllH. rOTOBYlO HrpYlllKY YKperrJISlIOT na nO,D,CTaBKe. TaKIIM )Ke 06pa30M
H3fOTOBJISllOT II .D.BYX ,D,PYfIIX OCnJJKOB.
nocne TOfO KaK Bce TVH cPHrypKH OCJIHKOB fOTOBbI. nx yCTaHaRJIHBalOT
B O,l{HH PM Ha nO,I1CTaBKe 11 nplIKJIeUBalOT. rrO,D,CTaBKY oKpalllHBalOT B 3e-
neHbU1: tiBeT (no;o, llBeT TpaBbl). KOf,D,a KpaCKa rrO,D,COXHeT. K nepe,UHeH
neBOM lIane K3>K.I1,OrO OClIHKa nplIKpelUI.HIOT flITapy, npeABapHTelIbHO
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KOT, neTYX 11 ,,"ca (pl1c. 80)
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IlIKH KapJIH}'Ma Cpe.llHerO pa3Mepa. ,D.Be nOMelIbllie. qeTblpe MH.D.HH (,II,Bf
Cpe,IIHHe. )lBe MaJIeHhKHe). paK}"lliK8 qepfJOMOpCKoro rpe6eIIJK8. )lBe 3e-
6pHHbJ. ,nBe BeHYCa nBe 6HTTYMa. ABe CYXHe BeTOqKH. KpaCKH, KneH. KH-
(TH_ ,IJ;JIH H3rOTOBJTeHHH J1HCM - BoceMh paKYIIIeK KapJIH}'Ma (no ;nBe C)IBOeH-
RbIe 6onbilloro " cpeHero pa3Mepa). 'leTb\pe ManeHbKHe paK}'lllKH Kap.
.lU1YM8. r1HTh 3e6pHHbI. no ,QBe paK)'lllKH MJUJ.ilH Ma.JIeHbKoro pa3Mepa H
O.D.Ha BepIllH. KpaCKH. KJle:i1:. nnaCTlllHH, KHCT01.IKIL ;o.J1H H3rOTOBJ1eHHjf
KOT8 - qeTl>rpe paKYIIIIrn K8p}1HYM8 (no )lBe C,IlBOefJfJLle KpynJlbre H cpe,Il.
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140

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TbIpe paKYlllKH Benyea Ii MH'!J,l-fH (we u.e!IhIe. a J{Be H3)J)10MneHHbIe He-
60.llblllOrO pa3Mepa). UI-fKJ1011eca. lleCKOJIbKO meTHHOK. Knell, KpaCKH..
nOcne.nOBaTeJIbHOCTb 113rOTOBneHH.H HTJ>YWKH. llJUI TynoBurna ne-
TYxa 6epYT ,J,Be paKYllllUi Kap.1HYMa cpellHeTO pa3Mepa H coeJJ.HHsnOT liX:
K 1)'llOBI-fIQ}' rrpl-fKJ1el-fB3lOT ronOBY7 CllenaunylO 1-13 llBYX coellHIIenllblX
Me)l{JJy co6nH paKyrneK KapJJ.I1}'Ma He6onbllioro pa3Mepa. "3aTe H8 ranOBe
npHKJJel-fB3JOT rpe6ewoK - Ma.rreIlbKYJO paKylliKY Mn.o;nl1. 60POlIKY -
TalOKe He6oJ1blli}'1O paKYlllKY MlL,D,HI-f H KJIIOB - )J.Be paKYlllKH 6uTTYMa.
flocne 3TOro K TynoBlU..QY rrpl-fKJJeHB31OT XBOCT - paKYWKY QepH0l\.10pC-
Koro rpe6eIIIKa. KPbInMI - paKYlllKH MI1.J.HH cpe;r:wero pa3Mepa H HOr" -
paK}'IIJKIf 3e6pHIlbl.
D,.;1S1 Toro 'tIT06bl rre1)'IllOK Mor CTOSlTb, K ero HoraM npUKlel-fBalOT
CTYllHH - CaMble MRJleHbKHe P8KYlliKH BeUYC8. On:HOBpeMeHHO npnK.!le-
HBalOT lIIrrophi. BbinonHeHHbIe H3 ;J,BYX KYCOlJKOB CYXJfX BeTOlJeK. neTYlllKa
rrpHKJIel-fBaroT K IIop:CTaBKe. Korn:a KJIeH BhfCOXHeT, MO}f(I10 napHCOBan.
neT)lIIJKY rna3a, OKpaCIITb B KpacHbB', l(BeT rpe6eIIJOK. 60PO,!\KY, JIanKH.
TynoBHl.Qe J1HCbJ nenalOT H3 ,!J.BYX KPYITIIhlX cp,BoeHHbIX paKymeK K8p-
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nOBbl; ronOBY npHKJIeHBalOT K TynOBl-frrtY.
J],JUI rrpH.D;aHJlSl Cxop;CTBa C q,opMoii rOJIOBhI nllCI-fUhI MOJKHO crrepenIf
npluurel-fTb paK}'wKY 3e6pHHbi H npH nOMOrrtH nnaCTH.TIHHa P.06HTbCSl
Crna:>KHBaUHSI HepoBHocTeit:. rrpH,!J.aTb paKYlliKe BhITSllIYTYro q,OPM}'. Hano-
MHllaIOrrtYIO MOPJI,O'lKY J1HChl. ITocne :inOfO npRKneHTb TOp'lallll-fe }'IlHi -
;r:we MaJIeHbKHe paK}'lllKl1 MH.D;IfH. 3aTeM q,HrypKY 3BepbKa yca)l{HBalOT lia
no.n.CT8BKe H npHK..rleHB3lOT. K "I)'JlOBHIll,Y npHcoe.n.liHSlKIT nepe,O,HHe H 3a)].-
HHe naIThI - qeThlpe paKYIIIKH 3e6pHHhI; HX llpHK.:1el1BaIOT K M8JIeHbKHM
paKVlllK3M Kap;D,HYM3 - npOMe.>KYTOy.HbIM Me>K,lIY TynoBHllleM H J1an-
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145

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pylO B ,!J.OMallIHHX ycnoBHRX eOBCeM HeTpY.D.HO.
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TOBJleHHSl IIO;aeJlKI:I, pe6eHOK C3MoCTOSlTeJII:.HO (HO IIO,!). KOHTpOJIeM B3pOC-
noro) J],enaeT mpY1llKY _ B3pocnb1lI npH He06xo).1,HMOC'TH IIOMoraeT eM)'.
KOfJJ:a nrpYWKa 6YIJ,eT rbTOBa, MO.>KHO OTMeTHTb, K3K pe6eHoK pa60TaJI.
151

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PMC_ 85
CTapa.TICjl :III, aKK}'paTHO ]Iii. cJJ,eJIaJI Hrp}'IllKY, nOXBaJIlITb 3a CTapaHHe. 38
npmlBneHH)'1O HHnll,nanrny. ECJIH MaJIbIIll Me,WIHT C y6opKoil pa6o'iero
MeCTa. eMY Ha.n;O HanOMHHTb 06 3TOM.
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rnyirKaMH. nno;J], KYBllIHHKn, cKopnyna OT >KenY,JJ.H. ceMeHa jl6noKa. IIna-
CTl:lJ1RII. KJIen. 6YMara, HOJKHHUbI. Kl:ICTO'lKa.
IIoJIfoTOBK3 J{ pa60Te. B3POCJ1bU) IIOMoraeT pe6eHK}' 3aroTOBIITb M(l-
TepnR.TI WJ.H yrueH 3BepbKa. J])1.H 3TOro CKopn}'ny .>KenY:l.H pa3pe3aeT B.IJ:OJ]b
HO.>KOM fIa Jl.Re paBIIbIe nOJIOBHHKH. 3aTeM eme pa3 nOnOJTaM KaJK1J:}'fO
qaCTh.
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B3pocnbIH 3ara;:I,bIBaeT pe6eHKY 3araIlKY: Xeocm nywucmblU. .ex 30/10-
mucmblU. 6 J1ecy 3Kueem. 6 oepe6He I..JP Kpaoem. 3aTe"rl IIOKa3blBaeT 3BepbKa.
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TaKYIO nrpYlllKY. B 6ece.n.e c pe6eHKOM B3pocnbIll )'loqlUler. 3HaeT JIM OH
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paCCMaTpHBalOT 3arOToBneHHblH MaTepHaJI, paClUlaJI,hIBalOT Ha CTOilHKe.
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CKpellJIellHhIe II:IaCTl:IJU:lHOM. 06pa3YIOT T}'llOBHllle n XBocr nHCbl.. ECJU:I
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152

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CTa. TaK YCTaHOB:IeHa IIocneJ],OBaTeJIbHOCT:b pa60Tbl. Terrepb pe6eHOK o-
JKeT caMOCT05lTeJIbHO ,IIenaTb no,!{eJ1K}'. B xO;J:e ero pa60TbI B3pOCJ1bIH ocy-
eCTBJIHeT KOIlTpOJIb 38 JJ:eHCTBIDTMH MaIreIfbKOro MaCTepa. cneWfT.
'tlTo6b1 ilIJIIliKH J1)151 ryJIOBJUIl3 If XBQCTa 6bIJUf npaBlIJIhHO paCITOJIO-
>KeHbJ - 1.Iernyi1.K3MJJ B OllHY CTOPOIlY. 'lTo6bl MRJIblllI npOIDi1JHJI B pa60Te
l:IIUIIJ.naTuBy.-rro OKOIp.mHlIH )lOnpa.TI pa60Qee MeCTO.
Kopa6"",,, (p",c B7)
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HO:>K. ulImo. HO)KHHI.LbJ. K1:ICTOqKa.
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np.flMO}TOJIbHOI:l cPOPMbI (EepeCTY CHRMaTb TOJIbKO c crxux nOB8.JTeHHblX
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peIJ,I:lHbI.
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B3PDCJIbl:ll 6ece.n,yeT C pe6eHKOM, B XD,9.e 6eCeIl,bl YTOQUSleT. KaKHe ;aepeBbSi
TDT 3HaeT. 3aTeM qHTaeT CTliXDTBDpeHne C. EceHUHa «Eepe3a)), paCCKa-
3bIBaeT 0 TOl\1. "'"ITD 6epe3a ue TDJIbKD KpaCHBa: DHa SIBJISleTOI u.eHHbl'\f
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eTCH, tfTO 1:13 nee n:enaIOTJ. I-h DTXOIJ,OB n:peBeClUlbI H KOPbI. KOTOpyEO Ha-
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153

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PMC_ 87
JIHK. B3pOCllbU1 nOKa3bIBaeT 06pa3eu: Kopa6nllKa " paCCKa3bIBaeT, KaK
era ,IJ:eJIaIOT. H3 K}'CKa 6epeCThI npHMO}TOl.bllOi:l <pOpMbI roromlT napyc_
J],JIH 3Toro TOHKHII BepxHniI C.TIOH KOpbI nO.IJ,HHMalOT BBepx. 3aTeM B u:eHT-
pe 33,n:Hefl qaCTl:l KOphI llH1nOM ,3,en3fOT OTBepCnUI. (IIhmoM pa60TaeT
B3pOCJThIH_ EC:Tn OTBepCTH5J HaKaJlbIBaeT pe6eHOK. TO. B3pOC.ThIH BHlIMa-
TerrbliO crreJIl:IT 33 erG ;::J,eiiCTBlHIMIL) rIpn 3T0'\1 IIo,!],rOTOBneHHYIO 6epecTY
lUla;:J:YT Ha ;J:epeBHHH)'lO IIO)J.CTaBK}'. np.l1.,Qep.>Kl:IBa.51 ee JleBOH PYKOlI, rrpaBOII
,n:eJ1alOT npOKon B Kope B 3apaHee H8'\feQeHHOM MeCTe.
B OTBepCTne B)J:eBafOT HHTK}' lUlU TOHKYIO npOBOw"lOKY H npn-
Kpen:lHlOT - IIonY1.IHnCH nap}'c. JInllIlmif KOHeI:( HlITKn o6pe33IOT. Hoc
Kopa6nHKa Ha)J:Q 3aOCTpHTb, o6pe3aB yrnhI 6epecTbI HO>KIUI[(aMl:I.
Kopa6J1l:1KfOTOB. Harrapyce.:\10JKIIO HapnCOBaTb CO.:IHbUllKO, 3Be3.IJ;Y H np.
n pOaHaJIIBnpOBaB TaKHM o6pa30M BMeCTe C pe6eHKoM o6pa3eq.
B3pOCJ1blii pa3pernaeT eMY rrpl:lcTynl:ITb K pa6oTe_ Ha.IJ;o nOKa3aTb pe6eHKY.
KaK rrOJIb30BaTbCjI IllIUIOM: npOKO.:IhI Ha Kope ,;aeJ1aTb, TOJlbKO rr0J10>KIIB ee
ua ,;aepeBjIHH}'ro .o;OllJ,e'-IK}'_ Kor,;aa "rp}'lIIKa 6y;aeT rOTOBa, MO.>KHO pa3pe-
IIIHTb nOHfpaTb elO.
>Kl1paq, (pl1c. 88)
MaTepHaJI H HHcTPY'leHTbI 6epecTa. JKeJIY.::J:b. nJIOIJ.hI nunbI HJIH
numOBHIIKa, BbIKpo:i1xa "-3 6,YMarll .n::J5J T}'J10BllllJ,a Jl men, BeTO'-IKH. KT1ell.
rLTlaCTICHIH. HI:ITKIL "TOnKa. HO.>KJUILlbI. KapaH)l,arn. HO.>K_
TIocne.o,OBaTe."'1bHOCTb H3rQTOBJleHHH HrpyrnKH. nepen pa6OToi1 u.ene-
154

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ero BHelllHeM BI1;:J;e. 3aTeM }'T04HIITb. 1:13 KaKoro MaTepl:larra l.J3fOTaKHmaTb
IIO)J.eJIKY: ronOBY 1I3 .>Keny;IJ,SI, rnelO, TYJIOBI1We, YWII 113 6epeCTbI. HO:rIl II
XBOCT H3 BeTOtleK. pO:>KKH 1I3 fiJIO;IJ,OB illmIOBHHK8 I1JTH JIHIIbI, rna3a 1:13 Jma-
CTHnUHa. llocne 3Toro Ha,IJ,O nOKa3aTb, KaK C;J.eJIaTb 3anrrOBKI:I 113 6epeCTbJ
IIO 6YMa}KHbIM BhIKpOHKa1: BblKPOHKI:I HaK -ra,IJ,blBaIOT ua 6epecTY. 06-
BO.II.5lT Kapa.H,IJ:allIOM II BbIpe3alOT- nOJI}rqaIOTCSl ,!J.Ba IIpSlMoyronbIlI1Ka:
O;:J;I:IH 60JIee KOpOTKHH II IIIHpOKIIH. ou nOD,Olf,J,eT ,lI,JlSl TynoBlIIna.
JJ:p}'rOH - 60JIee Y3KHJf H Jl)IJfHHblH - ]l,JIH men. llpjIl\.fOyro.""IbHI1KI-f CKJ18-
J],bIBalOT Tpy601:IKOll T8K, 4T06bI C OJl,HOlf CTOpOHbI IIonY'IlIlJIOCb ManelJbKOe
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peCTbl MO.>KHO H CIlIHTh. B 3TOM cny"t.Jae BbmOJIlliIeT pa60TY B3pOCJTbll:l.
rOnOB}' )KHpaqm IJ,eIJ8IOT l:I3 .>KenyD..H. J],::IjI pOJKeK MO.>KHO HCrrOJTh30BaTb
MellKHe rrJIO;Ilb1 IllHnOBHl:IKa 11 KopOTKHe TOHeHbK"e BeT01:IKlL KOTOpbIe
BCTaBnjIlOT B JKenY,D,h. POJKKH K ronoBe npHKpen'HIJOT nnaCTl:lJIHHOM.
rna3a T810Ke MO>KHO C,n:e....IaTb H3 1lJI8CTlUU:lIIa lUll:1 II8pnCOBaTb.
Kor,n:a ro::rOBa c,;aenaHa. ee coe,!],IIIDUOT C rneef:l. ,UJI.H 3Toro rro1I6IIpalOT
HY)I(1I01:1 TOnllJ,IUlhI BeTOqKY, 3aOCTpjIlOT ee c .n;BYX CTOPOH. CM83bIBalOT
KlleeM H BCT8BJIjIlOT B Tpy604KY co CTOpOlU,I coe;J.l:IHeHlHI c ronOBOH. KaK
nOK83aHO Ha pncYHKe B .>Ke.ly,u,e lllJ.1JIOM J],en810T OTBepCTHe II B HefO
BCT3BJUlIOT BTopolf KOHel{ BeTOqKH.
Horl:l IJ,e.'1alOT "3 BeTOK. JJ.llSl 3Toro B H8Me1:IeHHOM Mel:Te COe)llUlenl1jI
C TYJIOBHllle'\f Uen810T 4eTblpe OTBepCTl1jI, C"'\1a3bIBaIOT nx KlleeM IHIH IUI8-
CTn.:'lJ-lIlOM l:I B 31M OTBepCTl:lSl BCTaBJ1S1IOT Bero'-IKIL XBOCT MOJKHO Cllen8Tb
1:13 6epeCTbI. KOTOpylO npl:lKJIel1B8lOT. HJUI II3 BeTOqKM C OCTpbIM CY1..lKOM.
npo,;aeTOII B OTBepCTl:Ie C38,J,J{.
YT01:IHHB C pe6eHKOM T8KYlO rrOClleUOBaTe1.bIIOCTb 113rOTOR1eHII5I Hrpy-
lliKH. MO)f{I1O rrpl:lC"I)'IIJITb K pa6uTe. TIo OKOHI.JaHHH 38H}lTlUI l:Irp}'lllKII
aHanH3HPYlOTCjI, nO,D,BO,D,llTCjI lITor COBMeCTHOH pa60TbJ. Pe6eHoK y611paeT
pa60qee 'feCTO.
K03/1HK (pHC. 89)
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peBbeB, 6epecTa. KYKYPY3Hoe M01.Ia:ro, KJIeff. Kapall)l8lII1:1, HO.>K. KHCTOqKa.
fIo.n;roToBKa K 3aHHTHIO. B3pocnblll )10 3aHSlTIHI HO>KOM 06pe3aeT KY-
C04Kl:I KOphI: ,;a:IjI ro:rOBbI H TYJIOBHllI.a. 113 KOphI Bblpe3alOT nO)J.CTaBKY.
B Kope, rrpe,IIH83HaqeHHOlt )I.TH ronOBbI. IlIlIJ10M ,n:enaeT O.n;IIO OTBepCTIIe,
KYJ],8 6Y.IJ:eT BCTaSnSlThCSI IlleSl. H rum OTBepCTHSI II)ISI pOJKeK. B Kope, 3aro-
TOBJ1eHHOII ,D,JUI T)'nOBIUlIa, IJ,enaeT llleCTb OTBepCn:ll1. .o::ljI lllel:l, HOf 11 XBO-
CTa_ Ao HaqaJla pa60Tbi qHTaeT pe6eHK}' KHIH'Y. BMeCTe C HHM paCC'\.f8TpII-
BaeT KapTIIHKY B KHIIre C 1:l306pa.>KeHHe'\1 .>Kl:IBOTHoro. B3POCJ1bIlt
RhljICHjIeT. 3HaeT JU:I pe6eHOK oc06eHHOCTH BllelIIIIero BH.n;a K03J1HKa, no,n:-
BO,J,I1T K TOM)', B KaKoi1 IIocne;J.OBaTenbHOCTH HMO IJ,e.1aTb ::HY IIrpYIlIK}'.
nOCJleIJ:OBaTeJTbHOCTb H3rOTOBJIeHIUI urpyrnKH. Kopa. 38rOTOBJleHHaSl
lIJISI ronoBbJ, CBOpa'lHS8eTCH B Kouyco06pa3HYlO TPy60'lKY. 8 .II.J'(jI TYJTO-
Bll111a - B Tpy60qKY Ul:lJIHHIU1111.IeCKOfi q,OpMbI. 06e Tpy6nlKn CKlle-
HBalOTCH. 3aTeM 6epYT leThIpe rraJlOqKU 0.lI11H8KOBOH .II.lnUbL nonrOTOB-
lleHHbIe ,!lJlH UOL OI{l-lY cpe!lueii IIJlI1Hbl .!I:ISI XBOCT8. O.IIH}' KOPOTKYlO ,lI,JUI
lIJeH II .lIBe COBceM M811eHbKUe J],JljI pO:iKeK. BCT8B:ISlJOT HX B COOTBeTCTBVlO-
W:lle OTBepCTHSJ. CMa3aHHble KTIeeM. J\.10P,lI,01.1KY pIle}' lOT Kap8HllalliOM Te-
nepb HrpYlliK}' YCTanaBJ1IIBalOT Ha nOJICTRBKe. KOTOPYIO MO.>KHO C;J.enaTb
T3KJKe 113 K}'COqKa KOpbI. Ha IIOlICT8BKe UY.>KHO HRKonOTb 1.J:eTblpe OTBep-
CTU.Sl ,:])IjI 1I0r, OTBepCTHjI C'\.f33aTb KJIeeM Ii nOMeCTl:ITb B HIIX HOIKKl:I. TaK
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BlIHKa CKopn}'IIhI rpeUKoro opexa, BaTa, BeT01.IKlI, ceMeHa ap6Y3a, CGJIOMa,
qBernaH 6YMara, KJIell, JJJIaCll:l.'1l:1H. llllI.ITO, HO.>K, KnCT04Ka.
TIOD:fOTOBKa K pa60Te. B3pOCJlbIH BMeCTe c pe6eHKOM 3arOTaBJIIlBaeT
MaTepna.1J. B llUIllIKe-Ty:rOBlIllJ,e ;ue:raeT IISlTb OTBePCTl:lII: .J],JIH Hor. pyK 1:1
rue',- }:(;JII ruel1 ,IIerraeT TIllUKe OTBepCTHe B KaIIITaHe (rorrOBe)o 31lTeM 6epeT
,J:J;Be IIOJIOBlIHKH CKOp:IYIIbl rpeIl,KOrO opexa. BeTO'lKH .J].JISI illeR H Hor 3aOCT-
pSleT C ,D,B}'X CTOpOH, a ,!I)T5J PYK - TOJ1bKO C OlIIIOH; 3HaKOMllT pe6eHKa
C H306pa.>KeHlleM ::noro CKa301.IHoro repOH Ha pnC}'HKax B KHHre, l.IlITaeT
rrpOH3Be)J.emie. nOClle 4efO BeIJ,eT 6eceJJ.Y, B xo;ae KOTOpOH no6Y1K,!J.ae"I
MaJIhIllla IIOcPama3npOBaTh, KaK CMaCTepUTb TaKYIO nrp}'lllKY, TIOD,YMaTl,.
B KaKoii nOCJIen;OBaTeJIbHOCHI Ha.IIO ee .o;enaTb.
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60.IJblIlYlO npOnOJIrOBaTYlO 1lIIHllKY. rallOSY H3 KawTaHa YKpeIUTHlOT Ha
llIl:IlllKe-TynoBHllle C nOMOlliblO 3aOCTpeIllIOii BeTKlI (JIJIlI llJIaCTlLIlHHa),
IllJIHny O>KHO c.n;enaTb 113 IIonOBIUIKJl CKOpJIynbI rpeqKoro opexa. ee IIpl1-
KJTeJIBalOr K.-:reeM liJIH llJIaCTlInHHOM. nonH llIJISlTIbJ ;J.enalOT H3 6YMarH.
,II,JIH SToro BbIpe3alOT KPyr, B u:eIlTpe ero Bblpe3alOT ewe O)J.l:IH Kpyr. ;J,JIa-
MeTp KOToporo paBeH JIJIaMerpy CKOpJIynbI rpe1.O{oro opexa. npe.o;Ha3Ha-
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157

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nepb MO}l(HO 3aHKTbCR JIHU,OM_ rna3a ;I.eJIalOT 113 CeMeqeK ap6Y3a, ,ruUI 60-
pOJJ:bI MO>KHO HCnOJIb30BaTb BaTY. npHKperruB ee IDIaCTHJUmOM. lUU:I co-
nOMK)'. KaK nOKa3aHO Ha pHc}'HKe. H30rHYTble BeTOQKlI TIOIJ,OiuJ:YT JIJUI PYK
n Hor, ux Hano n.rrOTHO BCTaBHTb B OTBepCTlUI 1lI1UIIKJ1. rrpenBapUTeJIbHO
CMa3aB KOHIJ.bI BeTOK KJTeeM.
HrpYlllKa 6YIJ,eT YCTOHQRBee. eCnR Ha Boni cPHrYPKH 3a6aBHoro qe:lO-
BellKa Ha,neTb qarneqKH OT >KenY;')JI IIJIH rronOBUHKR KaUlTaHa, npeI{Bapn-
TeJlbHO Ha6HB HX IIJIaCTIIJIHHOM. YKperUlTb nrp}'lIIKY MO}f{HO 1:1 H8 KycOQKe
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ceMeHa IIOnCOJIHyxa, D.epemlHHbIH 6PYCOK; lllH""lO HO:>K. KIICT04Ka, 6YMara.
TIOI\I"OTOBKa K pa6OTe. TIOi\eJlKY JJ,eJJ,a-Mop03a JKenaTeJlbHO npnypo-
"lHTb K AOBOM}' roy. OnHpa5JCb Ha HMelOIluillcH }' pe6eHKa OllhIT n3rOTOB-
nemul nO,II06HOH Hrp}'lllKn (n:eJIaJUI CTapHKa-JIeCOBHKa). B3POCJIbiM rrpe;r:J:-
naraeT CIJ,enaTb ;ap}'roro CTapHKa - ;r:J:e;Ua-"'\wp03a. Cnoco6 :=tTOM no.ueJ1Kl:I II
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158

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